PMID- 42952194 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261029 LR - 20261029 IS - 1462-3994 (Electronic) IS - 1462-3994 (Linking) VI - 28 DP - 2026 Oct 29 TI - Evaluating Alignment of Prader-Willi Syndrome with the Australian Newborn Bloodspot Screening Criteria. PG - e52 LID - 10.1017/erm.2026.10080 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a leading genetic cause of life-threatening obesity, presenting with hypotonia and feeding difficulties in infancy, progressing to hyperphagia, cognitive impairment and behavioural challenges from childhood. It is a rare imprinting disorder caused by gene silencing at the 15q11-q13 locus. Early detection through newborn bloodspot screening (NBS) could enable timely interventions such as growth hormone therapy, dietary management and behavioural support to improve health and developmental outcomes for the affected infants. METHODS: This review applies the Australian Newborn Bloodspot Screening National Policy Framework as a reference to evaluate the suitability of incorporating PWS into NBS programs. The review outlines benefits and challenges in relation to key criteria used by this Framework, including condition severity, early detection benefits and screening test reliability. RESULTS: Emerging screening technologies are recognised for their high sensitivity and specificity and could be integrated into existing NBS workflows using dried blood spots. However, several challenges outlined in this review need to be addressed, including the lack of cost-effectiveness data for population-wide PWS screening programs and the absence of a curative treatment for PWS. CONCLUSION: Expanding NBS to include PWS has the potential to improve health and developmental outcomes through earlier diagnosis and timely interventions. Successful implementation will depend on addressing the remaining challenges. FAU - Alshawsh, Mohammed A AU - Alshawsh MA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8342-5183 AD - Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia. AD - Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia. ROR: https://ror.org/019wvm592 FAU - Tennakoon, Oshadi AU - Tennakoon O AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-2052-4305 AD - Division of Genome Sciences and Cancer, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, ACT, Australia. ROR: https://ror.org/03f0f6041 FAU - Arora, Sheena AU - Arora S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7562-2416 AD - Centre for Health Economics Research and Evaluation, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW, Australia. ROR: https://ror.org/03f0f6041 FAU - Greaves, Ronda F AU - Greaves RF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7823-8797 AD - Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia. ROR: https://ror.org/019wvm592 AD - Victorian Clinical Genetics Services,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia. AD - Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia. FAU - Cheong, Jeanie AU - Cheong J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5901-0455 AD - Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia. ROR: https://ror.org/019wvm592 AD - Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia. AD - Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Newborn Health, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia. FAU - Williams, Katrina AU - Williams K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1686-4458 AD - Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia. AD - Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia. FAU - Godler, David E AU - Godler DE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6405-269X AD - Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia. AD - Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia. ROR: https://ror.org/019wvm592 AD - Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia. LA - eng GR - No. 1049299 and No. 1103389/National Health and Medical Research Council/ GR - 2017-361/Financial Markets Foundation for Children/ PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20261029 PL - England TA - Expert Rev Mol Med JT - Expert reviews in molecular medicine JID - 100939725 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Prader-Willi Syndrome/diagnosis/genetics/blood/epidemiology MH - *Neonatal Screening/methods MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Australia/epidemiology MH - Genetic Testing/methods OTO - NOTNLM OT - Australian decision-making criteria OT - DNA methylation testing OT - Prader-Willi syndrome OT - chromosome 15 imprinting disorders OT - newborn bloodspot screening EDAT- 2026/10/29 05:30 MHDA- 2026/10/29 05:31 CRDT- 2026/10/29 02:23 PHST- 2026/10/29 05:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/29 05:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/29 02:23 [entrez] AID - S1462399426100805 [pii] AID - 10.1017/erm.2026.10080 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Expert Rev Mol Med. 2026 Oct 29;28:e52. doi: 10.1017/erm.2026.10080. PMID- 42948496 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261028 LR - 20261028 IS - 2639-6378 (Electronic) IS - 2639-6378 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Building a Sustainable Teen Wellness Curriculum in a Faith-Based Community Setting : A Six-Year Program Evaluation in Wilmington, Delaware. PG - 79-81 LID - 10.32481/djph.2026.10.10 [doi] AB - In the United States, the need for adolescent mental health support is greater than what clinical services can provide, with about one in five teens reporting unmet needs. Faith-based organizations are trusted and easy to access, but evidence on sustained delivery is limited. This report looks at a volunteer-led teen wellness program at Manna House Fellowship in Wilmington, Delaware, which ran from June 2020 to July 2026. The program offered 30-minute interactive small-group sessions every two weeks during active cycles, focusing on sleep, nutrition, physical activity, screen and social media use, and stress coping. Sessions were held online until March 2022, then in person. Over six years, 78 sessions reached 35 different teens, averaging eight participants per session, with most attending more than once. Anonymous feedback was collected monthly in written and verbal formats, and reported changes were noted. No one needed to be referred to formal mental health services. That the program has continued for six years without outside funding or paid staff support the feasibility of this sustained community wellness program, although not its clinical effectiveness. Zero recorded referrals do not establish an absence of unmet mental health needs. CI - 2026 The journal and its content is copyrighted by the Delaware Academy of Medicine & Public Health (the Academy). FAU - Nathaniel, Sangeetha D AU - Nathaniel SD AD - Delaware Heart and Vascular Group, Delaware. AD - Manna House Fellowship, Delaware. AD - ChristianaCare Hospital, Delaware. FAU - Innasimuthu, Michelle AU - Innasimuthu M AD - Delaware Heart and Vascular Group, Delaware. AD - Manna House Fellowship, Delaware. AD - ChristianaCare Hospital, Delaware. FAU - Gnanaguruparan, Subramanian AU - Gnanaguruparan S AD - Delaware Heart and Vascular Group, Delaware. AD - Manna House Fellowship, Delaware. AD - ChristianaCare Hospital, Delaware. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261026 PL - United States TA - Dela J Public Health JT - Delaware journal of public health JID - 101769648 PMC - PMC13712908 EDAT- 2026/10/28 11:36 MHDA- 2026/10/28 11:37 PMCR- 2026/10/26 CRDT- 2026/10/28 05:35 PHST- 2026/10/28 11:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/28 11:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/28 05:35 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - djph-124-10 [pii] AID - 10.32481/djph.2026.10.10 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Dela J Public Health. 2026 Oct 26;12(4):79-81. doi: 10.32481/djph.2026.10.10. eCollection 2026 Oct. PMID- 42947271 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261028 LR - 20261028 IS - 2072-1315 (Electronic) IS - 1606-0997 (Print) IS - 1606-0997 (Linking) VI - 45 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 23 TI - Associations of nutritional status and oral health-related quality of life with early childhood caries of children aged 4-5 years: a hospital-based cross-sectional analytical study. LID - 10.1186/s41043-026-01407-6 [doi] LID - 238 AB - BACKGROUND: Regular growth and development during early childhood can be hindered by different communicable diseases and chronic severe early childhood caries (S-ECC). Comprehensive studies on the factors associated with ECC, nutritional status, and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) are scarce. Thus, this study aimed to investigate dietary, oral hygiene, and socio-demographic factors associated with these conditions and their impact on OHRQoL in a hospital-based cohort of Sri Lankan children. METHODS: This cross-sectional analytical study included 545 children aged 4-5 years attending the Pedodontic Clinic at the Dental Teaching Hospital, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka. After obtaining parental consent, data were collected using a pre-validated questionnaire, and oral examinations were conducted by three trained and calibrated dentists. Binary logistic regression analysis and negative binomial regression analysis were used to examine the effects of independent variables on nutritional status, ECC status, and OHRQoL. RESULTS: Within this clinical sample, higher S-ECC severity assessed via the defs index and the consumption of some sugary snacks and sweets were significantly associated with poor nutritional status (P < 0.05). Conversely, higher weight-for-age, BMI-for-age, and maternal education levels were significantly associated with a lower likelihood of S-ECC. Adverse dietary habits (frequent consumption of sweetened snacks), prolonged breastfeeding (> 2 years), bottle-feeding, and inadequate oral hygiene practices (infrequent or unsupervised brushing and use of non-fluoridated toothpaste) were identified as key behavioral indicators significantly associated with increased S-ECC (P < 0.05). Furthermore, lower nutritional status and higher defs indices were strongly associated with poorer OHRQoL scores (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: S-ECC and poor nutrition were prevalent among 4-5-year-olds, strongly associated with dietary habits, oral hygiene practices, and maternal education, while both conditions correlated with lower oral health-related quality of life. Importantly, higher ECC and poor nutrition were interrelated, highlighting the potential utility of integrated oral health and nutritional interventions in clinical pediatric settings. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Nadeeshani, Harshani AU - Nadeeshani H AD - Nutritional Biochemistry Research Program, National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Kandy, Sri Lanka. AD - Department of Community Dental Health, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka. FAU - Narada, Malinda AU - Narada M AD - Department of Community Dental Health, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka. FAU - Gunawardena, Sadhisha AU - Gunawardena S AD - Nutritional Biochemistry Research Program, National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Kandy, Sri Lanka. FAU - De Alwis, Sudam AU - De Alwis S AD - Nutritional Biochemistry Research Program, National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Kandy, Sri Lanka. FAU - Dias, Chathumini AU - Dias C AD - Nutritional Biochemistry Research Program, National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Kandy, Sri Lanka. FAU - Kudagammana, Sanath Thushara AU - Kudagammana ST AD - Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka. FAU - Herath, Chandra AU - Herath C AD - Department of Community Dental Health, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka. FAU - Jayasinghe, Ruwan AU - Jayasinghe R AD - Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka. FAU - Liyanage, Ruvini AU - Liyanage R AD - Nutritional Biochemistry Research Program, National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Kandy, Sri Lanka. ruvini.li@nifs.ac.lk. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260723 PL - Bangladesh TA - J Health Popul Nutr JT - Journal of health, population, and nutrition JID - 100959228 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child, Preschool MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Quality of Life MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Dental Caries/epidemiology MH - *Oral Health/statistics & numerical data MH - *Nutritional Status MH - Sri Lanka/epidemiology MH - Oral Hygiene MH - Diet PMC - PMC13715219 OTO - NOTNLM OT - BMI OT - Defs OT - Deft OT - Early childhood caries OT - Oral health-related quality of life COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The ethical clearance certificate (ERC/FDS/UOP/I/2021/45) was obtained from the Ethical Review Committee, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, on 12th October 2021. According to that, Information regarding the research was conveyed to parents or guardians by a typed information sheet in a manner and a language suitable to the individual's level of understanding. The participants were given adequate opportunity to ask questions, and they were answered honestly and completely. Parents or guardians were made aware that they were free to withdraw their consent at any time without trepidation of consequences. Finally, the consent was obtained as a signature on a consent form that explicitly stated what was being consented to. Participants were not subjected to coercion, inducement, undue influence, or deception at any cost. Consent for publication: Parents or guardians were informed that these data would be published in journal articles, and consent was obtained as a signature on a consent form. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/10/28 05:28 MHDA- 2026/10/28 05:29 PMCR- 2026/07/23 CRDT- 2026/10/28 00:48 PHST- 2026/03/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/28 05:29 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/28 05:28 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/28 00:48 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s41043-026-01407-6 [pii] AID - 1407 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s41043-026-01407-6 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Health Popul Nutr. 2026 Jul 23;45(1):238. doi: 10.1186/s41043-026-01407-6. PMID- 42947253 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261028 LR - 20261028 IS - 2050-2974 (Print) IS - 2050-2974 (Electronic) IS - 2050-2974 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Oct 27 TI - Cross-group and longitudinal measurement invariance of the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire-24G in middle childhood. LID - 10.1186/s40337-026-01806-4 [doi] LID - 252 AB - BACKGROUND: Childhood eating behaviors are most commonly assessed using parent-report questionnaires. To validly compare means across different groups or over time, equivalent item functioning is an important prerequisite. This study investigates the measurement invariance of a short German version of the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire, the CEBQ-24G, across child sex, age, weight status, family socio-economic status, and parental weight status, as well as across three measurement occasions spanning three years in middle childhood. METHODS: Analyses were conducted using a large community sample (N = 1,657) recruited from primary schools in Brandenburg, Germany. Measurement invariance was tested and latent group means were compared using Multigroup Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). RESULTS: The CEBQ-24G is measurement invariant on the residual level across all groups and measurement occasions, i.e., assessed differences in eating behaviors between these groups and measurement occasions are derived from actual differences in latent constructs and not a result of measurement bias-thus allowing valid comparisons of latent means across child sex, age, weight status, parental weight status, and family socio-economic status. We found significant differences in all group comparisons (except between age groups), although the eating behavior scales in which the differences in mean scores occurred varied depending on which groups were compared. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that the CEBQ-24G has good psychometric properties in all groups and is suitable for research into eating behaviors in middle childhood in diverse populations. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Ruden, Joyce C AU - Ruden JC AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-2462-8031 AD - Department of Psychology, Counseling Psychology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany. FAU - Warschburger, Petra AU - Warschburger P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7979-7451 AD - Department of Psychology, Counseling Psychology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany. petra.warschburger@uni-potsdam.de. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261027 PL - England TA - J Eat Disord JT - Journal of eating disorders JID - 101610672 PMC - PMC13711984 OAB - The 24-item German adaptation of the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ-24G) is a tool to assess a child's eating behaviors via parent report. This study examined whether the questionnaire is understood in the same way across different groups and multiple measurements. Such measurement equivalence is required in order to make valid comparisons between eating behaviors across groups and over time. Using a sample of 1,657 children from primary schools in Brandenburg, Germany, we confirmed the questionnaire's measurement equivalence across child sex, age, weight status, family socio-economic status, and parental weight status, as well as across time in middle childhood. This enabled us to compare eating behaviors across these groups. We found differences in eating behaviors based on children's sex, weight status group, their parent's weight status group, and their family's socio-economic status, but not age. Overall, this study demonstrates that the CEBQ-24 validly assesses children's eating behavior in diverse samples and over time. OABL- eng OTO - NOTNLM OT - Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire OT - Childhood OT - Eating behavior OT - Group differences OT - Measurement invariance OT - Multigroup CFA OT - Parent report COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Approval was obtained from the ethics committee of the University of Potsdam, Germany (reference numbers 28-33/2011, 3-10/2012, 21/2012, 32/2014, 18/2020, 10/2022, and 37/2022). The procedures used in this study adhere to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent was obtained from each participant. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/10/28 05:28 MHDA- 2026/10/28 05:29 PMCR- 2026/10/27 CRDT- 2026/10/28 00:47 PHST- 2026/06/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/10/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/28 05:29 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/28 05:28 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/28 00:47 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s40337-026-01806-4 [pii] AID - 1806 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s40337-026-01806-4 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Eat Disord. 2026 Oct 27;14(1):252. doi: 10.1186/s40337-026-01806-4. PMID- 42947242 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261028 LR - 20261028 IS - 2050-7283 (Electronic) IS - 2050-7283 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Oct 22 TI - Patterns of attentional and recognition-memory processing of emotional information among Chinese middle school students with different exercise volumes. LID - 10.1186/s40359-026-05840-4 [doi] LID - 1554 AB - BACKGROUND: Physical exercise is closely associated with adolescent mental health, yet emotional information processing among adolescents with different exercise volumes remains insufficiently understood. This study examined attentional and recognition-memory processing of positive and negative emotional information among middle school students with different exercise volumes. METHODS: Using convenience sampling, 300 copies of a modified 3-month-recall version of the Physical Activity Rating Scale-3 (PARS-3) were distributed at a middle school, yielding 291 valid questionnaires. In a cross-sectional extreme-group design, 60 students (30 per group) were recruited from the extreme ends of the high- and low-exercise-volume categories to complete the behavioral experiment. Task 1 used a dot-probe task to examine reaction time, probe congruency, and vigilance and disengagement/avoidance indices in response to positive and negative emotional pictures. Task 2 used a learning-recognition task to examine recognition accuracy, recognition sensitivity (d'), and response criterion (c) for positive and negative faces. RESULTS: In the dot-probe task, the Group x Valence interaction was significant, and the low-exercise-volume group responded faster to negative than to positive pictures. The Group x Valence interaction for the attentional disengagement/avoidance index was also significant, with the low-exercise-volume group showing a larger positive-picture disengagement/avoidance index, a pattern consistent with greater difficulty disengaging attention from positive pictures. In the learning-recognition task, Group x Valence interactions were significant for both d' and recognition accuracy, whereas the corresponding interaction for c was not significant. The low-exercise-volume group showed lower d' for positive than for negative faces, and its d' for positive faces was lower than that of the high-exercise-volume group; the accuracy analysis showed a corresponding within-group valence difference. CONCLUSIONS: Middle school students with different exercise volumes showed different valence-related patterns of emotional information processing, primarily in overall reaction time, the derived disengagement/avoidance index, and recognition sensitivity. Overall, exercise volume was associated with emotional information processing in adolescents. Because the behavioral sample was recruited from the extreme ends of the screening distribution, the observed group differences and effect sizes characterize selected extreme-group contrasts; they are not population-level estimates for typical high- versus low-exercise-volume adolescents. Longitudinal and experimental studies are needed to examine causal relationships. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Chen, Kaiyu AU - Chen K AD - Wuxi Vocational Institute of Commerce, Wuxi, China. AD - School of Education Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China. FAU - Wang, Pengfei AU - Wang P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2380-5541 AD - School of Education Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China. wppsy1525@gmail.com. AD - School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210097, China. wppsy1525@gmail.com. LA - eng GR - 2024KJD010/Science and Technology Innovation Support Program for Young Scholars in Shandong Universities/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261022 PL - England TA - BMC Psychol JT - BMC psychology JID - 101627676 RN - Chinese people SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Attention/physiology MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - Adolescent MH - Male MH - *Emotions/physiology MH - Female MH - *Recognition, Psychology/physiology MH - China MH - Students/psychology MH - Reaction Time MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Child MH - East Asian People PMC - PMC13715273 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Attentional processing OT - Emotional information processing OT - Exercise volume OT - Learning-recognition OT - Middle school students COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: All procedures were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and relevant ethical principles and institutional guidelines for research involving human participants. The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Biomedical Research Ethics Committee of Nanjing Normal University (approval No. NNU202503051). All participants were minors. Before data collection, each student provided written assent to participate, and written informed consent was obtained from a parent or legal guardian. Students took part only after both the student assent and parental or legal-guardian consent procedures had been completed. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/10/28 05:28 MHDA- 2026/10/28 05:29 PMCR- 2026/10/22 CRDT- 2026/10/28 00:46 PHST- 2026/06/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/10/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/28 05:29 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/28 05:28 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/28 00:46 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s40359-026-05840-4 [pii] AID - 5840 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s40359-026-05840-4 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Psychol. 2026 Oct 22;14(1):1554. doi: 10.1186/s40359-026-05840-4. PMID- 42947061 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261028 LR - 20261028 IS - 1471-2431 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2431 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 31 TI - Effects of school-based nutrition education on self-efficacy, attitudes, food behaviors, and health in children. LID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07412-2 [doi] LID - 1075 AB - BACKGROUND AND AIM: School-based nutrition education programs are commonly used to promote healthy eating behaviors among children; however, their effectiveness may vary according to developmental stage. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of a school-based nutrition education program on children's dietary self-efficacy (CDSS), dietary attitudes (DAS), food behaviors (FBS), and children self-rated health scale (CSHC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study employed a pre-post nutrition intervention design and including 1418 primary and secondary school students from different grade levels. CDSS, DAS, FBS, and CSHC were assessed before and after the nutrition education using validated self-report scales. Changes following the intervention were statistically examined and differences according to grade level and gender were analyzed. RESULTS: Following the nutrition education program, a significant improvement was observed in child nutrition self-efficacy. In contrast, no significant overall changes were found in dietary attitudes, food behaviors, or self-rated health perception. Dietary attitudes and food behaviors differed significantly by grade level both before and after the intervention, with older children's dietary self-efficacy and food behaviors were more evident in certain lower grade levels. No significant differences were observed between girls and boys with respect to dietary attitudes or food behaviors. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that while school-based nutrition education can enhance dietary self-efficacy, short-term educational interventions alone may be insufficient to produce measurable changes in children's eating behaviors. Developmentally tailored, multi-component interventions that incorporate family involvement and environmental factors may be necessary to support sustained improvements in dietary behaviors, particularly among older school-age children. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Terzi, Merve AU - Terzi M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3397-9692 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Yeni Yuzyil University, Istanbul, Turkey. merve.terzi@yeniyuzyil.edu.tr. FAU - Ergan, Kubra AU - Ergan K AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Yeni Yuzyil University, Istanbul, Turkey. AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Istinye University, Graduate School, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Demirkesen-Bicak, Hilal AU - Demirkesen-Bicak H AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Yeni Yuzyil University, Istanbul, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260731 PL - England TA - BMC Pediatr JT - BMC pediatrics JID - 100967804 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Self Efficacy MH - Child MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - *Health Education/methods MH - *School Health Services MH - *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice PMC - PMC13715218 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Dietary attitudes OT - Dietary self-efficacy OT - Eating behaviors in children OT - Health-related quality of life OT - School-based nutrition intervention COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Istanbul Yeni Yuzyil University Ethics Committee (Approval Number: 2025/03-1511). All procedures performed in this study involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments. Written informed consent was obtained from the parents/legal guardians of all participants prior to participation in the study. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/10/28 05:28 MHDA- 2026/10/28 05:29 PMCR- 2026/07/31 CRDT- 2026/10/28 00:37 PHST- 2026/05/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/28 05:29 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/28 05:28 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/28 00:37 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07412-2 [pii] AID - 7412 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07412-2 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pediatr. 2026 Jul 31;26(1):1075. doi: 10.1186/s12887-026-07412-2. PMID- 42946529 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261027 LR - 20261027 IS - 1557-8224 (Electronic) IS - 1089-3261 (Linking) VI - 30 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Nov TI - Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in Children. PG - 987-1007 LID - S1089-3261(26)00071-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.cld.2026.07.009 [doi] AB - Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver disease among children and adolescents worldwide. Pediatric MASLD is associated with significant morbidity during childhood, including progressive liver fibrosis and incident diabetes, and significantly increases risk of premature mortality in early adulthood. In comparison to MASLD in adults, youth-onset MASLD exhibits distinct histologic patterns, lacks well-validated noninvasive tests for risk stratification and approved pharmacotherapy, and may carry higher risk of long-term liver-related mortality. Critical areas of unmet need include improving rates of recommended screening, development of pediatric-specific risk stratification tools and developing more effective prevention and treatment strategies. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Yodoshi, Toshifumi AU - Yodoshi T AD - Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Pancreatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Stead Family Children's Hospital, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA. FAU - Xanthakos, Stavra AU - Xanthakos S AD - Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA. Electronic address: stavra.xanthakos@cchmc.org. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260904 PL - United States TA - Clin Liver Dis JT - Clinics in liver disease JID - 9710002 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - *Fatty Liver/diagnosis/therapy/epidemiology/etiology MH - Risk Factors MH - Adolescent MH - Liver Cirrhosis/etiology/epidemiology MH - *Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/diagnosis/therapy/epidemiology MH - Obesity/epidemiology/complications MH - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology/complications OTO - NOTNLM OT - Fibrosis OT - MASH OT - MASLD OT - Mortality OT - Obesity OT - Type 2 diabetes COIS- Disclosure Dr S. Xanthakos has served as a scientific advisor to Novo Nordisk and Madrigal. Dr T. Yodoshi has nothing to disclose. EDAT- 2026/10/27 23:28 MHDA- 2026/10/27 23:29 CRDT- 2026/10/27 21:54 PHST- 2026/10/27 23:29 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/27 23:28 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/27 21:54 [entrez] AID - S1089-3261(26)00071-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.cld.2026.07.009 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Clin Liver Dis. 2026 Nov;30(4):987-1007. doi: 10.1016/j.cld.2026.07.009. Epub 2026 Sep 4. PMID- 42945754 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261027 IS - 1873-5487 (Electronic) IS - 0188-4409 (Linking) VI - 58 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Oct 27 TI - Validation of the Healthy Complementary Feeding Practices Index: A Novel Approach for Assessing Infant Feeding in Mexico. PG - 103535 LID - S0188-4409(26)00157-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.arcmed.2026.103535 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate the Healthy Complementary Feeding Practices Index (HCFPI), a novel tool designed to assess adherence to Mexico's national dietary guidelines and inform the design of interventions to prevent malnutrition in infants aged 6-24 months. METHODS: The HCFPI was constructed using a literature-based selection of components, indicators, and scoring criteria. Content validity was evaluated using the Delphi method with experts. Internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) and concurrent validity with dietary intake were examined in a cross-sectional sample from a Mexican birth cohort at 6, 12, and 24 months. RESULTS: The HCFPI comprises 13 components and 15 items that reflect key CF dimensions, and it achieved "acceptable" expert consensus during content validation. The index demonstrated "acceptable" internal consistency (alpha = 0.70) and meaningful correlations with optimal Complementary Feeding (CF) practices, such as breastfeeding, the timely introduction of solids, and the avoidance of both unhealthy salty foods and follow-up formulas. Furthermore, higher HCFPI scores were associated with better dietary quality, including higher fiber intake, greater protein and vitamin B12 adequacy, and lower added sugar intake. CONCLUSION: The HCFPI is a valid, reliable, and practical tool for evaluating adherence to CF recommendations and dietary quality in young children. Its framework offers a model that could be adapted to create similar indices in other countries using evidence-based national dietary guidelines. CI - Copyright (c) 2026. Published by Elsevier Inc. FAU - Tercero-Gomez, Francia AU - Tercero-Gomez F AD - National Institute of Public Health, Center for Nutrition and Health Research. FAU - Ramirez-Silva, Ivonne AU - Ramirez-Silva I AD - National Institute of Public Health, Center for Nutrition and Health Research. Electronic address: ciarmir@insp.mx. FAU - Rivera, Juan A AU - Rivera JA AD - National Institute of Public Health, Center for population Health Research. FAU - Fuentes-Garcia, Ruth AU - Fuentes-Garcia R AD - Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, National Autonomus of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Perez-Escamilla, Rafael AU - Perez-Escamilla R AD - Yale School of Public Health. Yale University, New Haven, CT. USA. FAU - Olvera-Mayorga, Gabriela AU - Olvera-Mayorga G AD - National Institute of Public Health, Center for Nutrition and Health Research; Nutrition Academic Area, Institute of Health Sciences, Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo, Mexico. FAU - Barragan-Vazquez, Sofia AU - Barragan-Vazquez S AD - National Institute of Public Health, Center for Nutrition and Health Research; Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Woodhouse, Leeds, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261027 PL - United States TA - Arch Med Res JT - Archives of medical research JID - 9312706 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Complementary feeding OT - Diet quality OT - Index OT - Infant feeding practices OT - Validation EDAT- 2026/10/27 23:28 MHDA- 2026/10/27 23:28 CRDT- 2026/10/27 19:07 PHST- 2025/10/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/27 23:28 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/27 23:28 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/27 19:07 [entrez] AID - S0188-4409(26)00157-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.arcmed.2026.103535 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Arch Med Res. 2026 Oct 27;58(1):103535. doi: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2026.103535. PMID- 42945193 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261027 LR - 20261027 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 10 DP - 2026 TI - Bridging the gap: Implementing BRIDGES (Brussels Resilience and Inclusion for Depression - Guidance, Exercise and Support) to shape adolescent outpatient mental health care. A pilot randomized controlled study protocol. PG - e0360292 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0360292 [doi] LID - e0360292 AB - INTRODUCTION: Physical activity interventions for adolescents with depression often show limited effectiveness due to insufficient developmental tailoring, limited autonomy support, and poor contextual feasibility. BRIDGES (Brussels Resilience and Inclusion for Depression - Guidance, Exercise, and Support) is a theory-informed and co-designed physical activity intervention integrating the COM-B model, self-determination theory and motivational interviewing to support autonomous and competence-enhancing engagement. This pilot randomized controlled trial uses a hybrid type 2 implementation-effectiveness design to examine feasibility, acceptability, implementation processes and obtain preliminary estimates of clinical effectiveness to inform a future larger-scale trial. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Sixty physically inactive adolescents aged 12-19 years with depression will be recruited from an outpatient mental health service in Brussels, Belgium. Participants will be randomized in waves using covariate-adaptive minimization with a biased-coin component (p=0.85), balancing baseline depression severity, physical activity level, gender and age. The intervention consists of 18 individualized physiotherapist-led counselling sessions delivered over 12 weeks, including structured support to facilitate transition to community-based physical activity. Primary feasibility, acceptability, implementation outcomes will be assessed using quantitative measures and semi-structured interviews with adolescents, caregivers and community partners, guided by the Practical, Robust Implementation and Sustainability Model (PRISM) and the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework. Preliminary effectiveness outcomes are changes in physical activity measured using the Physical Activity Vital Sign (PAVS) and depressive symptoms measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 modified for Adolescents (PHQ-A). Preliminary effectiveness will be analysed using linear mixed-effects models following an intention-to-treat approach to estimate cluster-level parameters for a future fully powered Hybrid Type 2 trial. Secondary outcomes include social support, exercise self-efficacy, cardiorespiratory fitness and waist-to-height ratio. Qualitative data will be analysed using the Qualitative Analysis Guide of Leuven. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT07422909. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Philippot et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Philippot, Arnaud AU - Philippot A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0706-4491 AD - Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. AD - AREA+, Psychiatric Units for Adolescents, Epsylon ASBL Psychiatric Network, Brussels, Belgium. AD - UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Institute of Neuroscience, Belgium. FAU - Ibanez, Irene AU - Ibanez I AD - AREA+, Psychiatric Units for Adolescents, Epsylon ASBL Psychiatric Network, Brussels, Belgium. FAU - Coppens, Marine AU - Coppens M AD - UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Institute of Neuroscience, Belgium. FAU - Eeckhout, Coralie AU - Eeckhout C AD - UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Institute of Neuroscience, Belgium. FAU - Cescutti, Catherine AU - Cescutti C AD - AREA+, Psychiatric Units for Adolescents, Epsylon ASBL Psychiatric Network, Brussels, Belgium. FAU - Beine, Alexandre AU - Beine A AD - AREA+, Psychiatric Units for Adolescents, Epsylon ASBL Psychiatric Network, Brussels, Belgium. FAU - Meers, Esther AU - Meers E AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-0626-6317 AD - Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Van Damme, Tine AU - Van Damme T AD - Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. AD - University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Francaux, Marc AU - Francaux M AD - UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Institute of Neuroscience, Belgium. FAU - Dubois, Vincent AU - Dubois V AD - AREA+, Psychiatric Units for Adolescents, Epsylon ASBL Psychiatric Network, Brussels, Belgium. AD - UCLouvain, Bruxelles-Woluwe, Institute Health and Society, Belgium. FAU - Vancampfort, Davy AU - Vancampfort D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4592-8625 AD - Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. AD - University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. AD - Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT07422909 PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20261027 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Pilot Projects MH - Female MH - Child MH - Male MH - *Depression/therapy/psychology MH - *Exercise MH - Young Adult MH - Outpatients/psychology MH - Belgium MH - Motivational Interviewing MH - *Ambulatory Care MH - *Mental Health Services PMC - PMC13712597 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/10/27 17:30 MHDA- 2026/10/27 17:31 PMCR- 2026/10/27 CRDT- 2026/10/27 13:34 PHST- 2026/09/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/27 17:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/27 17:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/27 13:34 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-26-34598 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0360292 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 Oct 27;21(10):e0360292. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0360292. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42945149 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261027 LR - 20261027 IS - 2561-326X (Electronic) IS - 2561-326X (Linking) VI - 10 DP - 2026 Oct 27 TI - Refining a Multicomponent Family-Based Health Education Package to Reduce Screen Time Among School-Aged Children: Qualitative Formative Evaluation With Parents and Caregivers. PG - e106521 LID - 10.2196/106521 [doi] LID - e106521 AB - BACKGROUND: Excessive screen time among school-aged children is a growing concern for child health and family routines. A previous systematic review of children aged 6 to 14 years found that excessive screen time is common in this age group, highlighting the need for feasible intervention strategies that can be implemented in daily family routines. Although many health education materials communicate the harms of excessive screen use, families often need practical support to translate risk messages into household rules, parent-child communication, alternative activities, and changes to the home environment. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to conduct a qualitative formative evaluation of a preliminary multicomponent family-based health education package designed to support healthier screen-use practices among school-aged children, with a primary focus on reducing excessive recreational screen time and associated family routines, and to identify refinements needed before pilot implementation. METHODS: Semistructured online video interviews were conducted with 10 parents or primary caregivers of school-aged children aged 6 to 12 years from October to December 2024. The package included caregiver education for parents and grandparents, child-facing materials such as a picture book and posters, home-use reminder cues, and home-environment guidance through an online self-assessment tool that generated tailored household action suggestions. The tasks assigned to the tool were limited to these functions. Participants reviewed the package components and commented on clarity, acceptability, perceived usefulness, feasibility, fit with family routines, and suggestions for refinement. Data were analyzed using directed content analysis and thematic analysis, informed by the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability (TFA) and health communication material-evaluation dimensions. RESULTS: Four themes were generated. First, the package was generally regarded as acceptable to the participating caregivers, but comprehension did not always translate into self-reported immediate recall during interviews. Second, concrete, scenario-based messages were described as more meaningful than abstract risk information. Third, caregivers wanted action guidance rather than additional risk information. Fourth, caregivers preferred practical, age-adapted, and home-embedded tools that could be repeatedly encountered in daily routines. CONCLUSIONS: Among this selected group of caregivers, the preliminary multicomponent family-based screen-time education package was generally perceived as understandable and acceptable, but participant-informed refinements are needed before pilot implementation. The findings suggest that the package should move beyond general risk communication toward a family action toolkit that combines caregiver guidance, child-facing materials, concrete consequence chains, parent-child negotiation supports, replacement activity lists, and home environmental cues. CI - (c) Mo Zhou, Yujie Yan, Siwei Sun, Hui Yin. Originally published in JMIR Formative Research (https://formative.jmir.org). FAU - Zhou, Mo AU - Zhou M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-1516-3631 AD - The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen and First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China. FAU - Yan, Yujie AU - Yan Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8749-268X AD - China Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China. AD - Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China. FAU - Sun, Siwei AU - Sun S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-4107-8177 AD - Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China. FAU - Yin, Hui AU - Yin H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4013-1331 AD - School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China, 86 1082805853. AD - Institute for Global Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261027 PL - Canada TA - JMIR Form Res JT - JMIR formative research JID - 101726394 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Male MH - Female MH - Qualitative Research MH - *Screen Time MH - *Health Education/methods/standards MH - *Parents/education/psychology MH - *Caregivers/education/psychology MH - Adult MH - Parent-Child Relations PMC - PMC13712257 OTO - NOTNLM OT - caregivers OT - digital media OT - family-based intervention OT - formative evaluation OT - health education OT - qualitative research OT - school-aged children OT - screen time EDAT- 2026/10/27 17:30 MHDA- 2026/10/27 17:31 PMCR- 2026/10/27 CRDT- 2026/10/27 13:14 PHST- 2026/07/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/31 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/27 17:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/27 17:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/27 13:14 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v10i1e106521 [pii] AID - 106521 [pii] AID - 10.2196/106521 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JMIR Form Res. 2026 Oct 27;10:e106521. doi: 10.2196/106521. PMID- 42944973 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261027 IS - 1179-1926 (Electronic) IS - 0312-5963 (Linking) DP - 2026 Oct 27 TI - Paediatric Fentanyl Population Pharmacokinetics: A Scoping Review of Published Models. LID - 10.1007/s40262-026-01706-5 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE AND PURPOSE: Fentanyl is a highly lipophilic opioid widely used within paediatric peri-operative and intensive-care settings, yet dosing is commonly titrated empirically because of substantial pharmacokinetic variability across developmental stages and clinical contexts. Population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) models provide a quantitative framework to characterise variability, but these have not been systematically synthesised. This scoping review aimed to identify and summarise published paediatric PopPK models of fentanyl, to compare model structures and covariate effects. METHODS: We searched Embase and MEDLINE databases from database inception to 17 February 2026 for paediatric PopPK models of fentanyl. Two reviewers independently screened papers and extracted data in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. RESULTS: Fourteen paediatric PopPK models of fentanyl were identified. Infants (64%, 9/14) and patient populations spanning multiple age groups (e.g., inclusion of infants and children) (64%, 9/14) were most frequently studied. Intravenous fentanyl was modelled in all studies. Two-compartment structures predominated (79%, 11/14). Body weight was the most consistently retained covariate (79%, 11/14), while maturation functions based on postnatal or postmenstrual age were frequently required in neonatal and infant cohorts (50%, 5/10). Other covariates (e.g., obesity, concomitant CYP3A modulators, and genetic factors) were variably explored and inconsistently retained. CONCLUSION: Within the existing fentanyl literature, important evidence gaps remain, particularly beyond intravenous administration. Existing models highlight body weight and developmental maturation as principal determinants of clearance and distribution. Evidence remains limited to intravenous administration, with no model data of non-intravenous routes and under-representation of dynamic covariates and external validation. Addressing these gaps will support robust model-informed precision dosing of fentanyl in children. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Hughes, Josephine J AU - Hughes JJ AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-4715-7597 AD - School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, A15 Pharmacy and Bank Building, Science Road, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia. FAU - Nam, Gi Kon AU - Nam GK AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-5017-2869 AD - School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, A15 Pharmacy and Bank Building, Science Road, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia. FAU - Stokes, Michael A AU - Stokes MA AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-6615-4998 AD - School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, A15 Pharmacy and Bank Building, Science Road, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia. AD - Kids Critical Care Research, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia. FAU - Sandaradura, Indy AU - Sandaradura I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9457-8262 AD - Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia. AD - Faculty of Medicine and Health, Westmead Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. AD - Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, New South Wales Health Pathology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Festa, Marino S AU - Festa MS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6541-7841 AD - Kids Critical Care Research, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia. FAU - Stocker, Sophie L AU - Stocker SL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2114-587X AD - School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, A15 Pharmacy and Bank Building, Science Road, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia. sophie.stocker@sydney.edu.au. AD - Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, St. Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia. sophie.stocker@sydney.edu.au. AD - St. Vincent's Clinical Campus, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia. sophie.stocker@sydney.edu.au. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20261027 PL - Switzerland TA - Clin Pharmacokinet JT - Clinical pharmacokinetics JID - 7606849 SB - IM COIS- Declarations. Conflicts of interest/competing interests: Sophie Stocker is an Editorial Board member of Clinical Pharmacokinetics and was not involved in the selection of peer reviewers for the manuscript nor any of the subsequent editorial decisions. No other authors declare any other conflicts of interest. Ethics approval: Not applicable. Consent to participate: Not applicable. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Availability of data and material code: Not applicable. Authors' contributions: JJH, MAS, SLS, MSF, and IS conceived the article and determined the study design. JJH, GKN, MAS, and SLS participated in article screening and collected the data. JJH drafted the manuscript and analysed the results. All authors contributed to critical review of the manuscript draft and approved the final version of the manuscript. EDAT- 2026/10/27 17:30 MHDA- 2026/10/27 17:30 CRDT- 2026/10/27 12:20 PHST- 2026/05/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/27 17:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/27 17:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/27 12:20 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s40262-026-01706-5 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s40262-026-01706-5 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Clin Pharmacokinet. 2026 Oct 27. doi: 10.1007/s40262-026-01706-5. PMID- 42942963 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261027 LR - 20261028 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 20 DP - 2026 Oct 16 TI - The Preterm Brain Is Also What It Eats: A Systematic Review of Nutrition and Neuroimaging Outcomes in Preterm Infants. LID - 10.3390/nu18203392 [doi] LID - 3392 AB - Background: Nutrition is one of the most modifiable determinants of brain development in preterm infants. Although increasing evidence supports associations between early nutritional exposures and neurodevelopment, studies remain heterogeneous regarding nutritional interventions, imaging biomarkers, and long-term outcomes. This systematic review aimed to summarize contemporary evidence on the relationship between nutrition and brain development in preterm infants using neuroimaging as the primary assessment tool while proposing an integrated translational framework to guide future research. Methods: Following a PECO framework, a systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and CINAHL: population, infants born before 37 completed weeks of gestation; exposure, any enteral or parenteral nutritional exposure, supplementation strategy, fortification approach, or individualized nutritional intervention; comparator, an alternative nutritional strategy, lower or absent exposure, standard care or, when relevant, a term-born reference group; outcomes, MRI- or CUS-based measures of brain growth, maturation, connectivity, or injury. Studies reporting volumetric, morphometric, diffusion, connectivity, spectroscopy, or quantitative ultrasound outcomes were eligible. The methodology was adapted from the PROSPERO-registered review by Ottolini et al. Original studies published between 2020 and 2026 (1 January 2020-4 September 2026) evaluating nutritional exposures or interventions in preterm infants with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and/or cranial ultrasound (CUS) outcomes were included. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS), ROBINS-I and RoB 2 according to study design. Quantitative imaging studies were screened for eligibility for ATLAS assessment. Given the substantial heterogeneity in nutritional exposures, imaging protocols, timing of assessments, and neurodevelopmental outcomes, meta-analysis was not performed. Certainty of evidence was assessed at the level of each causal question and neuroimaging outcome domain using the GRADE framework. Randomized intervention evidence and observational exposure evidence were evaluated according to the design and target contrast contributing to each body of evidence. Judgments considered risk of bias, inconsistency, indirectness, imprecision, publication bias, and, where applicable, factors that could increase certainty. Statistical significance was not used to determine certainty, and studies arising from shared or partially overlapping parent populations were not counted as independent replication. Results: We found 33 reports that met the inclusion criteria: 4 evaluated randomized treatment contrasts, 5 non-randomized intervention comparisons, and 24 observational nutritional exposure analyses. Greater exposure to human milk and selected strategies involving early protein and lipid provision, docosahexaenoic acid, omega-3 fatty acids, and individualized nutritional support were associated in several studies with favorable MRI measurements, including larger total or regional brain volumes, more advanced white-matter maturation, and differences in structural or functional connectivity. Some studies also reported associations with later neurodevelopment. However, findings were not uniform, and GRADE certainty across outcome-specific nutrition-neuroimaging questions ranged from very low to low, principally because of risk of bias, imprecision, heterogeneous exposure and imaging definitions, and limited independent replication. Although causal inference cannot be directly drawn, neuroimaging may provide quantitative measures of brain development that can be investigated alongside long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes. We propose the Roadmap for Imaging-Guided Enhancement of Neurodevelopment (RIGEL), an integrative research framework combining imaging, molecular biomarkers, standardized neurodevelopmental assessment, and epidemiological evidence across developmental stages. RIGEL should be regarded as a hypothesis-generating research framework that requires prospective validation before any clinical implementation. FAU - Canepa, Maria Ester AU - Canepa ME AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-7400-1724 AD - Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Mother-Child Health, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy. FAU - Prefumo, Federico AU - Prefumo F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7793-714X AD - Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy. FAU - Biagioli, Valentina AU - Biagioli V AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-3021-6627 AD - Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Mother-Child Health, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy. FAU - Striano, Pasquale AU - Striano P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6065-1476 AD - Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Mother-Child Health, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy. AD - Pediatric Neurology and Muscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy. FAU - Calandrino, Andrea AU - Calandrino A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2710-1798 AD - Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy. FAU - Ramenghi, Luca Antonio AU - Ramenghi LA AD - Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Mother-Child Health, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy. AD - Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20261016 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Infant, Premature/growth & development MH - *Brain/growth & development/diagnostic imaging MH - Infant, Newborn MH - *Neuroimaging MH - *Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena MH - Neurodevelopment MH - *Nutritional Status MH - Magnetic Resonance Imaging MH - Female PMC - PMC13708710 OTO - NOTNLM OT - MRI OT - brain OT - development OT - growth OT - imaging OT - neonate OT - nutrition COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/27 11:32 MHDA- 2026/10/27 22:05 PMCR- 2026/10/16 CRDT- 2026/10/27 10:43 PHST- 2026/08/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/27 22:05 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/27 11:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/27 10:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18203392 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-03392 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18203392 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Oct 16;18(20):3392. doi: 10.3390/nu18203392. PMID- 42942926 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261027 LR - 20261028 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 20 DP - 2026 Oct 13 TI - School-Based Rescued Produce Distribution, and Changes in Parental Fruit Intake and Household Dietary Behaviors: A Non-Randomized Controlled Cluster Trial. LID - 10.3390/nu18203355 [doi] LID - 3355 AB - Background/Objectives: Fruit and vegetable intake remains below recommended levels, particularly among families facing socioeconomic constraints. School-based food access interventions may improve household dietary behaviors. This study evaluated the association between participation in the "Leket Health" school-based rescued produce distribution program and changes in parental fruit and vegetable intake, nutrition-related parenting practices, and household food security. Children's fruit and vegetables intake was assessed as a secondary exploratory outcome. Methods: A non-randomized controlled cluster trial was conducted among parents (n = 281) of 4th-5th-grade students at three elementary schools in a peripheral town in Israel, with one school per study arm (three clusters in total). Schools were assigned to full intervention (biweekly fruit and vegetable boxes and nutrition education), partial intervention (boxes only), or control. Parent data were collected at baseline and after 7 months using both self-reported fruit and vegetable portions and a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), food security questionnaire, and parental behavior questionnaire. Child intake was assessed using a study-specific FFQ. Primary analyses used a complete-case approach, supplemented by an allocation-based multiple-imputation sensitivity analysis among 269 identifiable participants. The trial was not registered in a public registry. Results: A total of 70% of enrolled participants completed the study. The two parental intake measures yielded discordant findings: categorical changes in parent-reported daily fruit servings differed across study groups in the complete-case analysis (p = 0.028), whereas FFQ-derived fruit and vegetable intake (g/day) showed no statistically significant between-group differences. The overall parenting-practices score showed no statistically significant change (p = 0.770) or between-group difference (p = 0.297). Household food insecurity increased from 8.7% to 14.3% and worsened across all study arms, with no significant between-group difference in deterioration (p = 0.810). No primary dietary endpoint was prespecified. In the allocation-based multiple-imputation analysis, adjusted follow-up fruit intake was higher than control by 0.38 portions/day (95% CI 0.04-0.71) in the full-intervention arm and 0.25 portions/day (95% CI -0.10 to 0.61) in the partial-intervention arm; estimates were attenuated under more adverse assumptions regarding missing outcomes. In an exploratory post-allocation adherence analysis, each additional produce box collected was associated with 6.7% higher odds of a parent-reported increase in fruit intake (OR = 1.067, 95% CI 1.003-1.135; p = 0.040). Among intervention participants, parent-reported improvements in nutrition-related parenting practices were associated with parent-reported increases in household vegetable variety (OR = 2.219, 95% CI 1.057-4.656; p = 0.035). These exploratory associations do not establish intervention effects. The overall parenting-practices score showed no statistically significant change (p = 0.770) or between-group difference (p = 0.297). Household food insecurity increased from 8.7% to 14.3% and worsened across all study arms, with no significant between-group difference in deterioration (p = 0.810). Among children, no significant changes were observed in FFQ-derived intake. Conclusions: Program participation was associated with higher parent-reported fruit servings, although the magnitude of between-arm differences varied across missing-data assumptions. No significant changes were observed in parental vegetable servings or FFQ-derived fruit and vegetable intake among parents or children. Given the single-school-per-arm design, these findings should be interpreted as exploratory and require confirmation in studies with multiple schools per arm. FAU - Hod-Ovadia, Smadar AU - Hod-Ovadia S AD - Department of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel. AD - Leket Israel, Ra'anana 43650, Israel. FAU - Kilzi, Moran AU - Kilzi M AD - Department of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel. AD - Leket Israel, Ra'anana 43650, Israel. FAU - Factor, Hagai AU - Factor H AD - Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel. FAU - Boaz, Mona AU - Boaz M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3920-7549 AD - Department of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel. FAU - Kaufman-Shriqui, Vered AU - Kaufman-Shriqui V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3190-4187 AD - Department of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel. AD - The Center for Urban Health Solutions (C-UHS), St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada. LA - eng GR - Leket Israel/ GR - Ariel University/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261013 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Fruit MH - *Vegetables MH - Male MH - Female MH - Child MH - *Parents MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Schools MH - Israel MH - Parenting MH - *Diet MH - Family Characteristics MH - *School Health Services MH - Food Supply MH - Food Security PMC - PMC13708734 OTO - NOTNLM OT - food rescue OT - food security OT - fruit and vegetable intake OT - nutrition education OT - nutrition equity OT - parental dietary behavior OT - produce distribution OT - school-based intervention COIS- Leket Israel funded the study and implemented the Leket Health intervention program. S.H.-O. and M.K. are employed by Leket Israel, the organization that operates the Leket Health program. This employment is disclosed as a competing interest. To support research independence, data were collected using structured questionnaires, and statistical analyses were conducted by an external statistician using de-identified data. The authors declare no other conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/27 11:32 MHDA- 2026/10/27 22:05 PMCR- 2026/10/13 CRDT- 2026/10/27 10:43 PHST- 2026/09/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/10/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/10/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/27 22:05 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/27 11:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/27 10:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18203355 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-03355 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18203355 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Oct 13;18(20):3355. doi: 10.3390/nu18203355. PMID- 42942917 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261027 LR - 20261028 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 20 DP - 2026 Oct 13 TI - Social Dynamics Are Associated with Plant-Based Dietary Consumption Patterns Among Rural Adults in the U.S. LID - 10.3390/nu18203346 [doi] LID - 3346 AB - BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Social dynamics are known to influence eating behaviors and differ across geographic contexts. Some evidence suggests healthy plant-based diets (PBDs) are associated with reduced risk of chronic diseases, morbidity and mortality, and have lower environmental burdens. This paper examines the role of social influence, expectations, and pressures in consumption of PBDs among rural residents in the United States, with attention to gender differences. METHODS: National survey data from rural adults (n = 2210) were analyzed using adjusted logistic regression models including an interaction between social beliefs and gender, and qualitative interviews (n = 55) thematically explored gendered social influences on PBD patterns. RESULTS: Results showed that perceived expectations from important members of the respondents' social network were positively associated with PBD adherence (p < 0.001), without a significant overall interaction with gender (p = 0.163). Perceived social pressure was also associated with PBD adherence overall (p = 0.009), and the association differed by gender (interaction p = 0.001), but did not show a consistent trend across levels of agreement. Qualitative findings suggested that family members influenced the feasibility of PBD, while friends were more commonly described as supportive. Women appeared to face challenges to enacting a PBD when family members (especially male partners) were not supportive. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest social relationships have complex and gendered roles in shaping PBD among rural residents in the United States. FAU - Alvirdizadeh, Sevda AU - Alvirdizadeh S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2178-9448 AD - Food Systems Program, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA. AD - Gund Institute for Environment, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA. FAU - Abdul-Rahaman, Saadatu AU - Abdul-Rahaman S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-7241-750X AD - Food Systems Program, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA. AD - Gund Institute for Environment, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA. FAU - Seguin-Fowler, Rebecca A AU - Seguin-Fowler RA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5115-2341 AD - Institute for Advancing Health Through Agriculture, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, College Station, TX 77843, USA. AD - Department of Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA. FAU - Belarmino, Emily H AU - Belarmino EH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5505-1214 AD - Food Systems Program, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA. AD - Gund Institute for Environment, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA. AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA. LA - eng GR - Hatch project 1025975/National Institute of Food and Agriculture/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261013 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Male MH - United States MH - *Rural Population/statistics & numerical data MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - *Diet, Plant-Based MH - Aged MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Sex Factors MH - Social Group MH - Young Adult MH - Social Support MH - Adolescent MH - *Diet, Healthy/psychology PMC - PMC13708334 OTO - NOTNLM OT - food systems OT - plant-based diet OT - rural America OT - social norms COIS- RASF is owner and director of strongpeopleprogram.org. No other authors have COIs to declare. EDAT- 2026/10/27 11:32 MHDA- 2026/10/27 22:05 PMCR- 2026/10/13 CRDT- 2026/10/27 10:43 PHST- 2026/09/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/10/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/10/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/27 22:05 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/27 11:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/27 10:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18203346 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-03346 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18203346 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Oct 13;18(20):3346. doi: 10.3390/nu18203346. PMID- 42942880 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261027 LR - 20261028 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 20 DP - 2026 Oct 9 TI - New Vitamin and Mineral Supplements: Acceptability, Tolerability, and Short-Term Adherence in a Paediatric Cohort with IMDs. LID - 10.3390/nu18203309 [doi] LID - 3309 AB - Background/Objectives: Dietary therapy for inherited metabolic disorders (IMDs) can restrict nutrient-dense foods and increase reliance on vitamin and mineral supplementation. However, formulation-related barriers may limit supplement acceptability and adherence, particularly in children with feeding difficulties and complex dietary regimens. We evaluated the acceptability, gastrointestinal (GI) tolerability, and short-term adherence of two novel low-carbohydrate, low-volume vitamin and mineral formulations in children and adolescents with IMDs. Methods: This prospective, single-centre, open-label, non-randomised interventional study enrolled children and adolescents with IMDs aged >/=1 year who were either taking vitamin and mineral supplements already or were clinically identified as requiring micronutrient supplementation. Participants replaced their usual vitamin and mineral supplement with one of two age-appropriate study formulations (product A or B) for 7 consecutive days under usual home conditions. Acceptability was assessed using structured questionnaires, GI symptoms were assessed at baseline and on day 7 and monitored using daily diaries, and adherence was recorded daily by caregivers. Clinical characteristics and anthropometric measurements were assessed at baseline. Results: Thirty-one participants (median age, 7.2 years; range, 2.1-16.6) were enrolled; 15 were allocated to study product A and 16 to study product B, with 14 and 15 participants, respectively, completing the 7-day intervention. Full-dose intake (always or mostly) during the 7-day study period was reported in 27/30 (90.0%) participants. Among evaluable participants, GI symptoms improved or remained unchanged in 12/13 (92.3%) receiving product A and in 12/14 (85.7%) receiving product B. Mean acceptability scores improved for both product A (from 2.4 to 1) and product B (from 2.2 to 0.4), with lower scores indicating greater acceptability. Overall preference for the study product was reported by 10/14 (71.4%) participants receiving product A and 15/15 (100%) receiving product B. At the end of the study, 6/14 (42.9%) participants receiving product A and 7/15 (46.7%) receiving product B elected to continue to use the study product. Conclusions: In this exploratory study, two low-carbohydrate, low-volume vitamin and mineral formulations demonstrated favourable short-term acceptability, GI tolerability, and adherence in children and adolescents with IMDs. These findings suggest that formulation characteristics and ease of administration may influence the practical feasibility of micronutrient supplementation in this population. However, the short seven-day study duration and absence of a control group limit interpretation of these findings. Larger, longer-term studies are warranted to determine whether these benefits are sustained and whether improved acceptability and adherence translate into improved micronutrient status and clinical outcomes. FAU - Tosi, Martina AU - Tosi M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4859-5288 AD - Department of Dietetics, Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK. FAU - Evans, Sharon AU - Evans S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7654-3621 AD - Department of Dietetics, Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK. FAU - Yilmaz Nas, Ozlem AU - Yilmaz Nas O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2941-9505 AD - Department of Dietetics, Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK. FAU - Daly, Anne AU - Daly A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2579-8699 AD - Department of Dietetics, Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK. FAU - Pinto, Alex AU - Pinto A AD - Department of Dietetics, Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK. FAU - Ackrill, Julia AU - Ackrill J AD - Department of Dietetics, Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK. FAU - Ashmore, Catherine AU - Ashmore C AD - Department of Dietetics, Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK. FAU - MacDonald, Anita AU - MacDonald A AD - Department of Dietetics, Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261009 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 0 (Vitamins) RN - 0 (Minerals) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - *Dietary Supplements/adverse effects MH - Female MH - Male MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Vitamins/administration & dosage/adverse effects MH - Prospective Studies MH - *Metabolic Diseases/drug therapy MH - *Patient Acceptance of Health Care MH - *Patient Compliance MH - *Minerals/administration & dosage/adverse effects PMC - PMC13708595 OTO - NOTNLM OT - children OT - inherited metabolic disorders OT - micronutrient deficiency OT - mineral supplementation OT - multivitamin OT - palatability OT - product acceptability OT - restricted diet OT - vitamin supplementation COIS- M.T. has received research fundings from Vitaflo International, British Inherited Metabolic Disease Group (BIMDG, Cambridge, UK), National Society for Phenylketonuria UK (NSPKU, Chesterfield, UK) and Galen (Craigavon, UK) and grants from Vitaflo International, Nutricia, PIAM (Genoa, Italy), Applied Pharma Research (Balerna, Switzerland), Galen, PTC Therapeutics (Warren, NJ, USA) and MetaX (Shanghai, China) to attend scientific meetings; S.E. has received research funding from Vitaflo International and Nutricia; O.Y.N. has received research fundings from the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK), NSPKU, Vitaflo International, and PTC Therapeutics, and grants from BioMarin (San Rafael, CA, USA), Vitaflo International and LogixX Pharma (Reading, UK) to attend scientific meetings; A.D. is an advisory board member Arla (Viby J, Denmark), Vitaflo International and PTC Pharmaceuticals, and has received research funding and honoraria from Nutricia, Vitaflo International, Meta Healthcare (Hemel Hempstead, UK), Galen, Arla, PTC and Metax. A.P. received an educational grant from Cambrooke Therapeutics (Ayer, MA, USA) and Biomarin and grants from Vitaflo International, Nutricia, Biomarin, Mevalia (Burgstall, Italy), Galen, PIAM, Applied Pharma Research, PTC Therapeutics and LogixX Pharma to attend scientific meetings; A.M. is an advisory board member for Arla and receives research funding from Vitaflo International, Nutricia and Metax. J.A. and C.A. declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/27 11:32 MHDA- 2026/10/27 22:05 PMCR- 2026/10/09 CRDT- 2026/10/27 10:43 PHST- 2026/09/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/10/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/10/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/27 22:05 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/27 11:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/27 10:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18203309 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-03309 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18203309 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Oct 9;18(20):3309. doi: 10.3390/nu18203309. PMID- 42942225 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261027 LR - 20261028 IS - 2075-1729 (Print) IS - 2075-1729 (Electronic) IS - 2075-1729 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Sep 30 TI - Foot Posture Outweighs Habitual Footwear in Discriminating Concurrent Lower-Limb Pain in Children: A Cross-Sectional Interpretable Machine-Learning Study. LID - 10.3390/life16101639 [doi] LID - 1639 AB - Lower-limb pain is common in school-aged children, but the relative contributions of foot posture, adiposity, and footwear remain uncertain, and prediction models may be inflated by target leakage. We aimed to quantify how well foot posture, adiposity, and footwear discriminate current lower-limb pain, and whether machine learning outperforms penalised logistic regression. We analysed a cross-sectional school-based dataset of 4408 children aged 4-14 years from Turkiye. Eight classifiers were trained with five-fold cross-validation and evaluated once in a held-out 20% test set; pain-site information was excluded from the primary predictors because it encoded the outcome. Test values of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) ranged from 0.945 to 0.962; extremely randomised trees (0.961; 95% CI 0.942-0.977) did not outperform penalised logistic regression (DeltaAUROC 0.0003, 95% CI -0.0075 to 0.0095; p = 0.99). Foot posture alone reached an AUROC of 0.909, whereas demographics plus anthropometry reached 0.704, and adding footwear increased this only to 0.723. Therefore, concurrent lower-limb pain was discriminated mainly by foot posture and adiposity, while footwear and algorithmic complexity added little. As posture and pain were recorded concurrently, the models discriminate current rather than future pain. The findings are most relevant to first-contact assessment in general practice. FAU - Buyukcelebi, Hakan AU - Buyukcelebi H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5504-6917 AD - Department of Coaching Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Inonu University, Malatya 44000, Turkiye. FAU - Acak, Mahmut AU - Acak M AD - Department of Coaching Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale 17100, Turkiye. FAU - Eken, Ozgur AU - Eken O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5488-3158 AD - Department of Physical Education and Sport Teaching, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Inonu University, Malatya 44280, Turkiye. FAU - Atalan, Abdulkadir AU - Atalan A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0924-3685 AD - Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale 17100, Turkiye. FAU - Sanal, Alperen AU - Sanal A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6852-8990 AD - Department of Coaching Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale 17100, Turkiye. FAU - Yalcin, Ebru AU - Yalcin E AD - Department of Coaching Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale 17100, Turkiye. FAU - Bakhsh, Hadeel R AU - Bakhsh HR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3000-880X AD - Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Aldhahi, Monira I AU - Aldhahi MI AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5255-4860 AD - Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng GR - PNURSP2026R286/Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260930 PL - Switzerland TA - Life (Basel) JT - Life (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101580444 PMC - PMC13706620 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SHAP OT - diagnostic prediction model OT - explainable artificial intelligence OT - flatfoot OT - foot pain OT - foot posture OT - footwear OT - machine learning OT - paediatric lower-limb pain COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2026/10/27 11:32 MHDA- 2026/10/27 11:33 PMCR- 2026/09/30 CRDT- 2026/10/27 10:41 PHST- 2026/08/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/27 11:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/27 11:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/27 10:41 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - life16101639 [pii] AID - life-16-01639 [pii] AID - 10.3390/life16101639 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Life (Basel). 2026 Sep 30;16(10):1639. doi: 10.3390/life16101639. PMID- 42941923 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261027 LR - 20261028 IS - 1422-0067 (Electronic) IS - 1422-0067 (Linking) VI - 27 IP - 20 DP - 2026 Oct 15 TI - Maternal Circulating Angiogenic Biomarkers for Predicting Fetal Growth Restriction and Small-for-Gestational-Age Birth Without Preeclampsia. LID - 10.3390/ijms27209155 [doi] LID - 9155 AB - Maternal circulating angiogenic factors are established biomarkers in preeclampsia, but their early profiles in fetal growth impairment without preeclampsia remain unclear. We quantitatively synthesized data from observational studies measuring maternal serum placental growth factor (PlGF), soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1), or their ratio before 29 weeks and before clinical recognition of growth impairment in singleton pregnancies without preeclampsia, subsequently classified as fetal growth restriction (FGR), small for gestational age (SGA), or unaffected. PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched through April 2026; 22 studies were included. In random-effects meta-analysis, PlGF was lower in affected pregnancies (standardized mean difference [SMD] -0.38; 95% CI -0.63 to -0.13; I(2) = 92.0%; 19 studies), whereas sFlt-1 did not differ (SMD 0.03; 95% CI -0.27 to 0.34; I(2) = 79.5%; 12 studies) and the ratio was higher in the primary analysis (SMD 0.39; 95% CI 0.08 to 0.70; I(2) = 80.0%; seven studies). This pattern suggests that the ratio signal was influenced largely by lower PlGF. Bivariate analysis of five PlGF accuracy studies yielded a summary sensitivity of 0.29 and specificity of 0.86. Despite substantial heterogeneity, reduced PlGF was the most consistent early angiogenic feature in pregnancies subsequently classified as FGR/SGA without preeclampsia. Its low sensitivity does not support its use as a stand-alone screening test, but these findings warrant further evaluation of PlGF within multimarker prediction models. FAU - Kim, Min-A AU - Kim MA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6199-2010 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, Eunju AU - Lee E AD - Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, Hye Sun AU - Lee HS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6328-6948 AD - Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea. FAU - Choi, Ah-Young AU - Choi AY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7539-2825 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea. LA - eng GR - 6-2022-0058/Yonsei University College of Medicine/ GR - RS-2024-00355233/National Research Foundation of Korea/ PT - Journal Article PT - Meta-Analysis PT - Review DEP - 20261015 PL - Switzerland TA - Int J Mol Sci JT - International journal of molecular sciences JID - 101092791 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 144589-93-5 (Placenta Growth Factor) RN - EC 2.7.10.1 (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1) RN - 0 (PGF protein, human) RN - EC 2.7.10.1 (FLT1 protein, human) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Fetal Growth Retardation/blood/diagnosis MH - Pregnancy MH - *Biomarkers/blood MH - *Infant, Small for Gestational Age/blood MH - Pre-Eclampsia/blood MH - *Placenta Growth Factor/blood MH - Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1/blood MH - Angiogenesis MH - Infant, Newborn PMC - PMC13704904 OTO - NOTNLM OT - fetal growth restriction OT - placental growth factor OT - sFlt-1/PlGF ratio OT - small for gestational age OT - soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/27 11:32 MHDA- 2026/10/27 22:05 PMCR- 2026/10/15 CRDT- 2026/10/27 10:40 PHST- 2026/08/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/27 22:05 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/27 11:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/27 10:40 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ijms27209155 [pii] AID - ijms-27-09155 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijms27209155 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Mol Sci. 2026 Oct 15;27(20):9155. doi: 10.3390/ijms27209155. PMID- 42940748 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261027 LR - 20261028 IS - 2227-9067 (Print) IS - 2227-9067 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9067 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct 18 TI - From Type 2 Inflammation to Mucociliary Dysfunction: Individualized Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Children with Asthma and Bronchiectasis. LID - 10.3390/children13101430 [doi] LID - 1430 AB - Asthma and bronchiectasis may coexist in children, particularly in those with severe or difficult-to-treat respiratory disease, creating a complex clinical setting in which airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, mucus retention, impaired mucociliary clearance, recurrent infection, and functional impairment interact. This review critically examines the interacting pathophysiological mechanisms involving Type 2 airway inflammation, mucus hypersecretion and plugging, mucociliary dysfunction, infection, and structural airway injury in children with coexisting asthma and bronchiectasis. Particular attention is given to the functional consequences of this interaction, including exercise intolerance, physical deconditioning, respiratory muscle dysfunction, and reduced participation in daily life and age-appropriate physical activity. Available evidence on airway-clearance techniques, structured exercise training, respiratory muscle training, and the management of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction is critically evaluated, with pediatric evidence clearly distinguished from adult-derived extrapolations. We propose a mechanism-informed rehabilitation framework in which interventions are tailored to the predominant clinical and functional features of each child, including mucus retention, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, reduced exercise capacity, respiratory muscle impairment, and functional decline associated with recurrent exacerbations. This multidisciplinary approach integrates airway-clearance techniques, individualized exercise training, optimized asthma management, infection control, and longitudinal functional reassessment. Evidence specifically addressing children with coexisting asthma and bronchiectasis remains limited, and prospective pediatric studies are required to validate individualized rehabilitation strategies and determine their impact on long-term respiratory and patient-centered outcomes. FAU - Vidrighin, Anca AU - Vidrighin A AD - Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, 550169 Sibiu, Romania. FAU - Juganaru, Iulius AU - Juganaru I AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-6879-145X AD - Department XI of Pediatrics, Discipline I of Pediatrics, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania. AD - Department of Pediatrics I, "Louis Turcanu" Children's Emergency Hospital, 300011 Timisoara, Romania. FAU - Iovin, Valentin-Cristian AU - Iovin VC AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-1552-7961 AD - Doctoral School Department, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania. FAU - Diaconu, Cosmina AU - Diaconu C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4845-8953 AD - Department of Nursing and Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, 550169 Sibiu, Romania. AD - Clinic of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, County Clinical Emergency Hospital Sibiu, 550245 Sibiu, Romania. FAU - Neamtu, Andreea-Adriana AU - Neamtu AA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5219-5466 AD - Department of Toxicology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania. AD - Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania. AD - Department of Pathology, Clinical County Emergency Hospital of Arad, 310037 Arad, Romania. AD - Department of Pathology, "Pius Brinzeu" Clinical County Emergency Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania. FAU - Sarau, Cristian AU - Sarau C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1938-1443 AD - Medical Semiology I, Department V Internal Medicine I, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania. FAU - Lighezan, Diana Luisa AU - Lighezan DL AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-8001-7672 AD - Department of Hematology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania. FAU - Diaconu, Cristinel Gabriel AU - Diaconu CG AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-9133-4384 AD - Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Lucian Blaga Street 2A, 550169 Sibiu, Romania. AD - Department of Radiology, Pneumology and Tuberculosis Hospital, 550196 Sibiu, Romania. FAU - Porr, Corina AU - Porr C AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-7255-0835 AD - Allergology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, 550169 Sibiu, Romania. AD - Allergology Department, County Clinical Emergency Hospital Sibiu, Bulevardul Corneliu Coposu 2-4, 550245 Sibiu, Romania. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20261018 PL - Switzerland TA - Children (Basel) JT - Children (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101648936 PMC - PMC13703761 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Type 2 inflammation OT - airway clearance OT - bronchiectasis OT - exercise training OT - exercise-induced bronchoconstriction OT - mucociliary dysfunction OT - pediatric asthma OT - pulmonary rehabilitation OT - respiratory muscle training COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/27 11:32 MHDA- 2026/10/27 11:33 PMCR- 2026/10/18 CRDT- 2026/10/27 10:37 PHST- 2026/09/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/10/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/10/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/27 11:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/27 11:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/27 10:37 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - children13101430 [pii] AID - children-13-01430 [pii] AID - 10.3390/children13101430 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Children (Basel). 2026 Oct 18;13(10):1430. doi: 10.3390/children13101430. PMID- 42940723 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261027 LR - 20261028 IS - 2227-9067 (Print) IS - 2227-9067 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9067 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct 14 TI - Children's Perception of Parental Body Size and Its Association with Their Desire to Be Like the Parent. LID - 10.3390/children13101404 [doi] LID - 1404 AB - BACKGROUND: Childhood obesity is a major and growing public health challenge worldwide. Although parental misperception of children's weight is well documented, how children perceive their parents' body size and whether parental body size is associated with children's expressed desire to be like the parent have received little attention. We examined children's perception of parental body size and whether parental BMI was associated with their expressed desire to be like the parent in a primary care sample. METHODS: This single-center, cross-sectional study included 229 parent-child pairs consecutively recruited from a family medicine outpatient clinic in Turkiye between January and March 2026. Children aged 4-8 years rated the accompanying parent's body size and reported whether they wanted to be like that parent, while parents independently rated their own body size. The BMI-based Body Size Guide was used for all figure selections, and the classification derived from objectively measured parental BMI served as the primary reference. Agreement was evaluated using Cohen's kappa coefficients, associations were examined using multivariable logistic regression, and the children's spontaneous explanations were examined using qualitative content analysis. RESULTS: Parents showed moderate weighted agreement with the BMI-derived classification (weighted kappa = 0.536, 95% CI: 0.456-0.612; exact agreement: 59.4%), whereas children showed fair weighted agreement (weighted kappa = 0.315, 95% CI: 0.231-0.392; exact agreement: 42.8%). After adjustment for child age, child sex, child weight status, parent sex, and parent age, parental overweight (aOR = 0.353, 95% CI: 0.170-0.733) and parental obesity (aOR = 0.133, 95% CI: 0.057-0.307) were associated with lower odds of the child reporting a desire to be like the parent. After adjustment for child age, child sex, parent sex, and parent age, parental overweight (aOR = 2.818, 95% CI: 1.101-7.211) and parental obesity (aOR = 4.774, 95% CI: 1.816-12.546) were associated with higher odds of child overweight/obesity. Among the 53 children who provided an explanation, responses referred to body size, weight, health, appearance, affection, and identification with the parent, illustrating the broad interpretation of the question. CONCLUSIONS: Children aged 4-8 years were able to rate parental body size, although their agreement with the BMI-derived classification was limited. Children's expressed desire to be like the parent varied according to parental BMI; however, this broad question may reflect emotional, relational, behavioural, and appearance-related considerations rather than bodily resemblance alone. The open-ended responses provide context by showing that only some children spontaneously referred to body size or weight. These findings support further research using developmentally validated and stigma-sensitive measures to clarify how young children perceive parental body size and interpret questions about identification with a parent. FAU - Kurt, Abdullah Kaan AU - Kurt AK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6302-6035 AD - Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkiye. FAU - Karakullukcu, Serdar AU - Karakullukcu S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7673-7699 AD - Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261014 PL - Switzerland TA - Children (Basel) JT - Children (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101648936 PMC - PMC13703376 OTO - NOTNLM OT - body image OT - body size OT - child OT - parent-child relations OT - pediatric obesity COIS- The authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/10/27 11:32 MHDA- 2026/10/27 11:33 PMCR- 2026/10/14 CRDT- 2026/10/27 10:37 PHST- 2026/09/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/10/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/10/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/27 11:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/27 11:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/27 10:37 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - children13101404 [pii] AID - children-13-01404 [pii] AID - 10.3390/children13101404 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Children (Basel). 2026 Oct 14;13(10):1404. doi: 10.3390/children13101404. PMID- 42940677 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261027 LR - 20261028 IS - 2227-9067 (Print) IS - 2227-9067 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9067 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct 7 TI - Overlap of Subcutaneous Adiposity Across World Health Organization Body Mass Index-for-Age Categories and Anthropometric Correlates of Handgrip Strength in Children Aged 6-12 Years Participating in Organised Club Sport in Buenos Aires, Argentina. LID - 10.3390/children13101358 [doi] LID - 1358 AB - Background/Objectives: Body mass index (BMI) is the most widely used screening tool in paediatric nutritional assessment, but it does not measure body fat directly and conveys no information on muscular development. We aimed to (i) compare the sum of six skinfolds (Sigma6ST) across World Health Organization (WHO) BMI-for-age categories, accounting for age; (ii) quantify the distributional overlap of Sigma6ST between categories; (iii) examine how closely each individual skinfold tracks the remaining subcutaneous adiposity; and (iv) examine the associations of upper-limb girths with handgrip strength before and after adjustment for body size. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of a convenience sample of 196 children (129 boys, 67 girls) aged 6-12 years engaged in organised club sport in Moron, Buenos Aires, Argentina. International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry (ISAK)-certified anthropometrists measured six skinfolds and relaxed arm, corrected arm and forearm girths; handgrip strength was assessed with a digital dynamometer. Analyses used Kruskal-Wallis and Brunner-Munzel tests, age-adjusted log-linear models with robust standard errors, kernel-density overlap coefficients (OVLs) with bootstrap confidence intervals, and zero-order and partial Spearman correlations. Results: In this sample, 47.3% of boys and 43.3% of girls were classified as having overweight or obesity. Age distributions were similar across BMI categories, and Sigma6ST differed across categories after age adjustment (p < 0.001 in both sexes). Adjacent WHO categories nevertheless overlapped substantially (OVL = 0.44-0.57), and the two halves of the normal-weight range overlapped by up to 0.757. Single skinfolds correlated strongly with the sum of the remaining five (rho = 0.777-0.945) but estimated Sigma6ST with a median absolute error of 8.5-14.1%. Handgrip strength correlated most strongly with body size (stature in boys, rho = 0.723; body mass in girls, rho = 0.759). After adjustment for age, body mass and stature, it remained associated with corrected arm girth (partial rho = 0.346 and 0.336) but not with relaxed arm girth. Conclusions: BMI-for-age categories separate groups on average but carry limited information about an individual child's subcutaneous adiposity. Skinfolds and corrected arm girth are low-cost complements to BMI whose individual-level value requires validation against criterion methods. FAU - Gimenez, Mariano Jose AU - Gimenez MJ AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-6135-3519 AD - Catedra de Nutricion y Deporte, Escuela de Nutricion, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina. AD - Red Iberoamericana de Investigadores en Antropometria Aplicada, 04120 Almeria, Spain. FAU - Herrera-Amante, Carlos Abraham AU - Herrera-Amante CA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3645-3621 AD - Red Iberoamericana de Investigadores en Antropometria Aplicada, 04120 Almeria, Spain. AD - Laboratorio de Evaluacion y Cuidado del Estado Nutricio, Centro Universitario de Tonala, Division de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonala 45425, Jalisco, Mexico. FAU - Yanez-Sepulveda, Rodrigo AU - Yanez-Sepulveda R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9311-6576 AD - Faculty of Education and Humanities, School of Sport Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Vina del Mar 2520000, Chile. AD - Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Fit Generation Research Institute, AD500 Andorra la Vella, Andorra. FAU - Lopez-Gil, Jose Francisco AU - Lopez-Gil JF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7412-7624 AD - School of Medicine, Universidad Espiritu Santo, Samborondon 092301, Ecuador. AD - Vicerrectoria de Investigacion y Postgrado, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno 5290000, Chile. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261007 PL - Switzerland TA - Children (Basel) JT - Children (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101648936 PMC - PMC13702943 OTO - NOTNLM OT - anthropometry OT - body composition OT - body mass index OT - child OT - hand strength OT - paediatric obesity OT - skinfold thickness OT - youth sport COIS- M.J.G., C.A.H.-A., and R.Y.-S. are certified Level Three Anthropometrists (Instructors) by the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry (ISAK), who have received honoraria for teaching anthropometry courses and participating in international conferences. These professional interests relate to the field of anthropometry, which is the subject of the present manuscript, and are disclosed for full transparency; they did not influence the design, analysis or reporting of the study, and no author received any payment related to this manuscript. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as potential conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/27 11:32 MHDA- 2026/10/27 11:33 PMCR- 2026/10/07 CRDT- 2026/10/27 10:37 PHST- 2026/09/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/27 11:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/27 11:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/27 10:37 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - children13101358 [pii] AID - children-13-01358 [pii] AID - 10.3390/children13101358 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Children (Basel). 2026 Oct 7;13(10):1358. doi: 10.3390/children13101358. PMID- 42940674 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261027 LR - 20261028 IS - 2227-9067 (Print) IS - 2227-9067 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9067 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct 5 TI - Orthorexia Symptoms in Adolescents: Associations with Sociocultural Attitudes Toward Appearance and Body Composition. LID - 10.3390/children13101355 [doi] LID - 1355 AB - BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Orthorexic symptoms in adolescence may be associated with sociocultural appearance influences, but their relationship with objective body composition remains unclear. This study examined associations between orthorexic symptoms, sociocultural attitudes toward appearance, and body composition in adolescents. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 287 Polish secondary-school students aged 14-18 years. Orthorexic symptoms were assessed using the Dusseldorf Orthorexia Scale (DOS), sociocultural attitudes using the Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-3 (SATAQ-3), and body composition by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were performed. RESULTS: DOS scores correlated positively with SATAQ-3 pressure/internalization (r = 0.407, p < 0.001), athletic internalization (r = 0.330, p < 0.001), and Information (r = 0.385, p < 0.001). These associations remained robust in Spearman sensitivity analyses. The regression model including four SATAQ-3 subscales, percentage body fat (PBF), sex, and age explained 19.2% of DOS-score variance (adjusted R(2) = 0.172; F(7.279) = 9.49, p < 0.001). Pressure/internalization (beta = 0.190, p = 0.053) and Information (beta = 0.162, p = 0.060) did not reach conventional statistical significance. The remaining predictors were not independently associated with DOS scores. CONCLUSIONS: Orthorexic symptom severity was associated with appearance-related sociocultural variables at the bivariate level, but individual predictors were not independently significant in the adjusted model. These findings identify sociocultural factors as relevant correlates without establishing causality or excluding a role for body composition. Longitudinal studies using adolescent-validated measures and direct assessments of digital exposure are needed. FAU - Kiciak, Agata AU - Kiciak A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4531-2038 AD - Department of Food Technology and Quality Assessment, Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, ul. Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland. FAU - Staskiewicz, Wiktoria AU - Staskiewicz W AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2420-5935 AD - Department of Food Technology and Quality Assessment, Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, ul. Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland. FAU - Kuczka-Marek, Natalia AU - Kuczka-Marek N AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-2144-6318 AD - Doctoral School, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland. FAU - Bialek-Dratwa, Agnieszka AU - Bialek-Dratwa A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7798-6424 AD - Department of Human Nutrition, Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, ul. Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland. FAU - Sapala, Anna-Maria AU - Sapala AM AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-2558-5600 AD - Department of Dietetics and Food Science, Faculty of Science, Natural and Technical Sciences, Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, Aleja Armii Krajowej 13/15, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland. FAU - Jaruga-Sekowska, Sylwia AU - Jaruga-Sekowska S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0142-2013 AD - Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, ul. Piekarska 18, 41-902 Bytom, Poland. FAU - Kardas, Marek AU - Kardas M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4810-1025 AD - Department of Food Technology and Quality Assessment, Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, ul. Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland. AD - Food Industry School, Franciszkanska 13, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland. FAU - Barczynska, Renata AU - Barczynska R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4161-6480 AD - Department of Dietetics and Food Science, Faculty of Science, Natural and Technical Sciences, Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, Aleja Armii Krajowej 13/15, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261005 PL - Switzerland TA - Children (Basel) JT - Children (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101648936 PMC - PMC13703725 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescent mental health OT - body image OT - orthorexia nervosa OT - sociocultural pressure COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/27 11:32 MHDA- 2026/10/27 11:33 PMCR- 2026/10/05 CRDT- 2026/10/27 10:37 PHST- 2026/08/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/27 11:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/27 11:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/27 10:37 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - children13101355 [pii] AID - children-13-01355 [pii] AID - 10.3390/children13101355 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Children (Basel). 2026 Oct 5;13(10):1355. doi: 10.3390/children13101355. PMID- 42940476 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261027 LR - 20261028 IS - 2227-9032 (Print) IS - 2227-9032 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9032 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 20 DP - 2026 Oct 14 TI - Perceived Multi-Level Diabetes Protective and Risk Factors Associated with Food and Dietary Acculturation Patterns Among East African Immigrants in the United States. LID - 10.3390/healthcare14203430 [doi] LID - 3430 AB - Background: Upon arrival in a new country, immigrants have lower body mass index (BMI), and are less likely to be overweight and obese than natives. However, longer residence is associated with higher BMI, partly attributed to adoption of unhealthy diets and dietary habits. Overweight and obesity (primary risk factors for diabetes) have been associated with food acculturation-the process by which immigrants adopt food practices of their new country. In particular, unfamiliar food cultures and food purchasing environment, lack of knowledge on how to prepare and incorporate new foods in traditional diets, perceptions towards food in new countries, all limit immigrants' food choices and access. However, very few food acculturation studies have focused on African immigrants, specifically from eastern Africa. Yet, this group reports high rates of overweight, obesity, and higher prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes. Using the socioecological framework, this study explored the multi-level facilitators and barriers associated with food and dietary acculturation patterns and perceived diabetes-related health risks among East African immigrants and refugees in the Twin Cities Metro Area, Minnesota, United States. Methods: Six semi-structured focus groups were conducted with 36 Somali and Ethiopian women in the summer and fall of 2025. Participants represented Somali, Oromo and Amharic speakers. Only women were recruited with the assumption that women are the primary food decision makers and preparers in these communities. Therefore, the 36 participants provided insight into their households' dietary practices and food decision-making processes. All focus group discussions were audio recorded to ensure accuracy and authenticity of participants' narratives, then directly translated into English within a few days of being conducted. Each transcript was cross-checked by at least two team members. Data were analyzed thematically using Braun and Clarke's approach: codes, categories, themes, and subthemes were iteratively refined through collaborative team review and organized within the socioecological framework. Results: The analysis identified two overarching themes at the individual, family, community and structural levels. Attachment to traditional and ethnic foods functioned as important cultural and health-related anchors. Participants shared their preference for ethnic foods as healthier, more natural, tastier and central to identity and continuity after migration. Sustaining healthy dietary practices at the individual and family levels was shaped by complex factors such as: work and caregiving demands, stress, time constraints, and changing family dynamics and roles. Intergenerational differences were especially salient. Children adopted American foods faster, increasing reliance on fast and convenience foods, creating household tensions, and sometimes requiring separate meal preparations. Community and structural factors further shaped dietary choices. High costs, limited availability of cultural foods, distance to ethnic stores, and transportation barriers constrained access, while highly processed and sugary foods were easily accessible. Participants also described reduced routine physical activity and migration-related stress as contributors to perceived diabetes risk. Ethnic grocery stores, halal markets, community networks, recipe adaptation, and the continued consumption of traditional foods were perceived as protective resources amidst these challenges. Overall, the findings appear to demonstrate that food and dietary acculturation are not a linear process in which immigrants shift from a traditional to a Western-based diet. Rather, it is shaped by complex interactions across individual, family, community, and structural factors. The study limitations, and implications for practice and research are discussed in the paper. FAU - Ibrahim, Habiba AU - Ibrahim H AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-2125-9203 AD - Social Work Department, St. Catherine University, St Paul, MN 55105, USA. FAU - Ekwonye, Angela AU - Ekwonye A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1552-7158 AD - Public Health Department, St. Catherine University, St Paul, MN 55105, USA. FAU - Ibrahim, Salma AU - Ibrahim S AD - Public Health Department, St. Catherine University, St Paul, MN 55105, USA. FAU - Mohamed, Nimo AU - Mohamed N AD - Social Work Department, St. Catherine University, St Paul, MN 55105, USA. FAU - Shidane, Muna AU - Shidane M AD - International Studies Department, St. Catherine University, St Paul, MN 55105, USA. FAU - Enayat, Artam AU - Enayat A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-3652-2420 AD - Social Work Department, St. Catherine University, St Paul, MN 55105, USA. FAU - Espahbodi, Melika AU - Espahbodi M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-9328-7879 AD - Social Work Department, St. Catherine University, St Paul, MN 55105, USA. LA - eng GR - Award Number 50MD017342/MD/NIMHD NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261014 PL - Switzerland TA - Healthcare (Basel) JT - Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101666525 PMC - PMC13704550 OTO - NOTNLM OT - East African immigrants OT - diabetes perceived risk and protective factors OT - dietary changes OT - food acculturation OT - immigrants OT - multi-level factors OT - socioecological COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/27 11:32 MHDA- 2026/10/27 11:33 PMCR- 2026/10/14 CRDT- 2026/10/27 10:36 PHST- 2026/08/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/10/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/10/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/27 11:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/27 11:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/27 10:36 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - healthcare14203430 [pii] AID - healthcare-14-03430 [pii] AID - 10.3390/healthcare14203430 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Healthcare (Basel). 2026 Oct 14;14(20):3430. doi: 10.3390/healthcare14203430. PMID- 42939470 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261027 LR - 20261028 IS - 2079-7737 (Print) IS - 2079-7737 (Electronic) IS - 2079-7737 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 20 DP - 2026 Oct 16 TI - Maternal Pharmaceutical Intake, Tobacco Smoking, and Environmental Pesticide Exposures: High-Resolution Serum Pesticide Screening, Longitudinal Fetal Ultrasound Biometry, and Postnatal Anogenital Distance in a Brazilian Cohort. LID - 10.3390/biology15201869 [doi] LID - 1869 AB - Maternal lifestyle exposures and pharmaceutical consumption during gestation represent key modulators of intrauterine growth and reproductive tract programming. This prospective cohort study evaluated the associations of maternal clinical history, medication use, and tobacco smoking with serial fetal ultrasound biometry, AGD, and postnatal infant anthropometry. A cohort of 51 pregnant women was prospectively enrolled during the first trimester (/=3 years of experience) were allocated to an experimental group (EG; n = 12) or control group (CG; n = 12). The EG performed a 12-week technology-assisted neuromuscular training program (BlazePod light-sensor system) before each session; the CG continued standard uchi-komi. Three outcome domains were assessed at baseline and post-intervention: (i) judo-specific anaerobic fitness (SJFT); (ii) specific shuttle agility (BlazePod protocol); and (iii) static plantar pressure (BTS P-WALK baropodometer). Results: Retention was 100% with no adverse events. A 2 x 2 mixed-design ANOVA (group x time) showed a significant interaction for BlazePod shuttle agility performance (total hits: p = 0.026; average sprint time: p = 0.009), an effect that remained significant after a sensitivity analysis controlling for baseline anthropometric imbalance between groups. A significant interaction was also observed for the SJFT index (p = 0.028), but this effect did not survive the same sensitivity analysis (p = 0.10). No significant group x time interaction was detected for any of the six static plantar pressure regions assessed (all p > 0.09). Conclusions: In this pilot study, feasibility was supported by 100% retention and the absence of reported adverse events. The data provided preliminary evidence of a group x time interaction for judo-specific shuttle agility performance that remained significant after adjustment for baseline anthropometric imbalance, a less certain interaction for anaerobic fitness, and no detectable interaction for static plantar pressure distribution. These preliminary, hypothesis-generating findings support conducting a definitive, randomized, weight-stratified controlled trial. FAU - Nagy, Alpar AU - Nagy A AD - Doctoral School of Physical Education and Sport, Babes-Bolyai University, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania. AD - "Activ Judo" Sports Club, 405100 Campia Turzii, Romania. FAU - Ordean, Mircea Nicolae AU - Ordean MN AD - Department of Physical Education and Sport, University "1 Decembrie 1918", 510009 Alba Iulia, Romania. FAU - Grosu, Vlad Teodor AU - Grosu VT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4846-4491 AD - Department of Mechatronics and Machine Dynamics, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 400114 Cluj-Napoca, Romania. FAU - Mancini, Nicola AU - Mancini N AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-4566-6417 AD - Department of Education and Sport Sciences, Pegaso Telematic University, 80143 Naples, Italy. FAU - Mancini, Siria AU - Mancini S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-5584-6409 AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy. FAU - Neagu, Sonia Gabriela AU - Neagu SG AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-3064-5537 AD - Faculty of Sciences, Physical Education and Sport, "Lucian Blaga" University of Sibiu, 550012 Sibiu, Romania. FAU - Grosu, Emilia Florina AU - Grosu EF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2846-9586 AD - Doctoral School of Physical Education and Sport, Babes-Bolyai University, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania. FAU - Aducovschi, Daniela AU - Aducovschi D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7178-0786 AD - Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Bucharest, 010041 Bucharest, Romania. FAU - Sabau, Anca Maria AU - Sabau AM AD - Department of Physical Education, Sport and Physiotherapy, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania. FAU - Mihaiu, Costinel AU - Mihaiu C AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-0897-0780 AD - Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Bucharest, 010041 Bucharest, Romania. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261001 PL - Switzerland TA - J Funct Morphol Kinesiol JT - Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology JID - 101712257 PMC - PMC13692397 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Special Judo Fitness Test OT - adolescent athletes OT - baropodometry OT - ippon-seoi-nage OT - judo OT - kuzushi OT - neuromuscular training OT - pilot study OT - plantar pressure OT - shuttle agility COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/25 03:36 MHDA- 2026/10/25 03:37 PMCR- 2026/10/01 CRDT- 2026/10/24 12:07 PHST- 2026/08/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/25 03:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/25 03:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/24 12:07 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jfmk11040399 [pii] AID - jfmk-11-00399 [pii] AID - 10.3390/jfmk11040399 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Funct Morphol Kinesiol. 2026 Oct 1;11(4):399. doi: 10.3390/jfmk11040399. PMID- 42923491 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261024 LR - 20261025 IS - 1943-8141 (Print) IS - 1943-8141 (Electronic) IS - 1943-8141 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 9 DP - 2026 TI - Risk factor for impaired lung function in asthmatic children: predictive value of 25-OH-D, BMI and inflammatory markers. PG - 7799-7809 LID - 10.62347/KKJG5734 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: This cross-sectional study investigated the associations between modifiable metabolic risk factors (vitamin D status and obesity) and pulmonary function decline in children with asthma, independent of disease duration and airway inflammation. METHODS: Medical records of 430 asthmatic children (aged /=25 kg/m(2), n = 5). CONCLUSIONS: High retention, adherence, and acceptability suggest TRE in youth with T1D is feasible; however, the low enrollment rate questions feasibility. Low rates of hypoglycemia suggest safety. These findings will inform larger TRE trials in youth with T1D. CI - (c) 2026 by the American Diabetes Association. FAU - Berman, Casey M AU - Berman CM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2045-4213 AD - Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA. FAU - Vidmar, Alaina P AU - Vidmar AP AD - Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA. AD - Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA. FAU - Flores Garcia, Jaquelin AU - Flores Garcia J AD - Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA. FAU - Reid, Mark W AU - Reid MW AD - Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA. FAU - Gonzalez, Frances AU - Gonzalez F AD - Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA. FAU - Torres Sanchez, Alejandra AU - Torres Sanchez A AD - Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA. FAU - Salcedo-Rodriguez, Elizabeth AU - Salcedo-Rodriguez E AD - Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA. FAU - Raymond, Jennifer K AU - Raymond JK AD - Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA. AD - Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260915 PL - United States TA - Diabetes Obes Cardiometab CARE JT - Diabetes, obesity, and cardiometabolic CARE JID - 9919229522706676 PMC - PMC13687448 COIS- No potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article were reported. EDAT- 2026/10/25 03:36 MHDA- 2026/10/25 03:37 PMCR- 2026/09/15 CRDT- 2026/10/24 10:39 PHST- 2026/01/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/25 03:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/25 03:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/24 10:39 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 250087 [pii] AID - 10.2337/doc25-0087 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Diabetes Obes Cardiometab CARE. 2026 Sep 15;1(5):849-857. doi: 10.2337/doc25-0087. eCollection 2026 Sep-Oct. PMID- 42922781 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261024 LR - 20261025 IS - 2237-9622 (Electronic) IS - 1679-4974 (Print) IS - 1679-4974 (Linking) VI - 35 DP - 2026 TI - Performance of anthropometric indices in early detection of diabetes and prediabetes in the Brazilian population: a cross-sectional study, Brazil, 2013. PG - e20240606 LID - 10.1590/S2237-96222026v35e20240606.en [doi] LID - e20240606 AB - OBJECTIVE: To assess the diagnostic performance of anthropometric adiposity metrics for diabetes and prediabetes detection in Brazilian adults. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study using data from national surveys, such as glycated hemoglobin laboratory test data. Diabetes was defined as glycated hemoglobin >/=6.5% or when hypoglycemic agents were being taken; prediabetes was defined as glycated hemoglobin >/=5.7% and <6.5%. Diabetes and prediabetes prevalence rates were estimated with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). The diagnostic performance of anthropometric indices - body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHR), and body shape index - were evaluated using the area under the ROC curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, and Youden's index, stratified by sex and age group. RESULTS: 8,435 individuals participated in the study. Diabetes prevalence was 8.6% (95%CI 7.8; 9.3), while prediabetes prevalence was 16.2% (95%CI 15.1; 17.3). In males <40 years old, the AUC for the anthropometric indices was close to 0.5; among males between 40 and 59 years old, it ranged from 0.66 to 0.71; in older males, the AUC for WC was 0.72. Among females <40 years old, the WHR AUC was 0.77; for those between 40 and 59 years old, it ranged from 0.64 to 0.69; and in older females, the WC AUC was 0.66. The AUCs were lower for prediabetes: in males, they ranged from 0.58 to 0.63; while in females they ranged from 0.60 to 0.65. CONCLUSION: WC was the index with the best performance for differentiating individuals with diabetes, while the ROC curve showed greater accuracy among adults <60 years old. FAU - Tonaco, Luis Antonio Batista AU - Tonaco LAB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9660-2900 AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento Materno-infantil e Saude Publica, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Departamento Materno-infantil e Saude Publica Belo HorizonteMG Brazil. FAU - Felisbino-Mendes, Mariana Santos AU - Felisbino-Mendes MS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5321-5708 AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento Materno-infantil e Saude Publica, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Departamento Materno-infantil e Saude Publica Belo HorizonteMG Brazil. FAU - Moreira, Alexandra Dias AU - Moreira AD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4477-5241 AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento Materno-infantil e Saude Publica, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Departamento Materno-infantil e Saude Publica Belo HorizonteMG Brazil. FAU - Romeiro, Amanda Maria de Sousa AU - Romeiro AMS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6769-3978 AD - Universidade Federal de Goias, Faculdade de Medicina, Goiania, GO, Brazil Universidade Federal de Goias Faculdade de Medicina GoianiaGO Brazil. FAU - Silveira, Erika Aparecida AU - Silveira EA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8839-4520 AD - Universidade Federal de Goias, Faculdade de Medicina, Goiania, GO, Brazil Universidade Federal de Goias Faculdade de Medicina GoianiaGO Brazil. FAU - Souza, Maria Jose Silva AU - Souza MJS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1640-7441 AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento Materno-infantil e Saude Publica, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Departamento Materno-infantil e Saude Publica Belo HorizonteMG Brazil. FAU - Velasquez-Melendez, Gustavo AU - Velasquez-Melendez G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8349-5042 AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento Materno-infantil e Saude Publica, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Departamento Materno-infantil e Saude Publica Belo HorizonteMG Brazil. LA - eng LA - por PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260704 PL - Brazil TA - Epidemiol Serv Saude JT - Epidemiologia e servicos de saude : revista do Sistema Unico de Saude do Brasil JID - 101248287 RN - 0 (Glycated Hemoglobin) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Prediabetic State/diagnosis/epidemiology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - Brazil/epidemiology MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - *Diabetes Mellitus/diagnosis/epidemiology MH - Adult MH - Prevalence MH - Body Mass Index MH - ROC Curve MH - Sensitivity and Specificity MH - Early Diagnosis MH - Waist Circumference/physiology MH - Glycated Hemoglobin/metabolism/analysis MH - Young Adult MH - Aged MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - *Anthropometry MH - Area Under Curve MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13686399 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Anthropometry. OT - Cross-Sectional Studies OT - Diabetes Mellitus OT - Prediabetic State OT - ROC Curve COIS- Conflict of interest : None to declare. EDAT- 2026/10/25 03:36 MHDA- 2026/10/25 03:37 PMCR- 2026/07/04 CRDT- 2026/10/24 10:22 PHST- 2025/09/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/10/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/25 03:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/25 03:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/24 10:22 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1590/S2237-96222026v35e20240606.en [doi] PST - epublish SO - Epidemiol Serv Saude. 2026 Jul 4;35:e20240606. doi: 10.1590/S2237-96222026v35e20240606.en. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42922747 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261024 LR - 20261025 IS - 2237-9622 (Electronic) IS - 1679-4974 (Print) IS - 1679-4974 (Linking) VI - 35 DP - 2026 TI - Self-reported fruit and vegetable intake obtained through a brief telephone interview among users of the Academia da Saude Program: a validation study, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil, 2016-2017. PG - e20250817 LID - 10.1590/S2237-96222026v35e20250817.en [doi] LID - e20250817 AB - OBJECTIVE: To assess the validity of fruit and vegetable intake data among users of a health promotion service of the Brazilian Unified Health System (Sistema Unico de Saude, SUS). METHODS: Validation study conducted between 2016 and 2017 in the Health Academy Program (Programa Academia da Saude) in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Fruit and vegetable intake was estimated using a brief questionnaire administered in a telephone interview and validated through face-to-face interviews. For statistical analyses of the total sample and the sex-stratified sample, one-sample t-tests, the Concordance Correlation Coefficient (CCC), Bland-Altman plots, and limits of agreement were used. RESULTS: A total of 441 respondents were included, of whom 378 (85.7%) were women, and 255 (57.8%) were adults. After stratification by sex, the differences between methods were equal to zero. Agreement between the methods was substantial for fruit intake (CCC ranging from 0.632 to 0.696), and low to moderate for vegetable intake (CCC ranging from 0.397 to 0.500). When stratified by education level, the differences were not equal to zero, but there was moderate-to-substantial agreement between the methods for fruit intake (CCC ranging from 0.572 to 0.766) and moderate agreement for vegetable intake (CCC ranging from 0.405 to 0.513). The Bland-Altman plots showed that the differences between the methods were centered around zero and remained stable at higher intake levels. CONCLUSION: Data obtained from telephone interviews were valid for estimating fruit and vegetable intake among SUS users. FAU - de Carvalho, Maria Cecilia Ramos AU - de Carvalho MCR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8947-2121 AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Grupo de Pesquisa de Intervencoes em Nutricao, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Grupo de Pesquisa de Intervencoes em Nutricao Belo HorizonteMG Brazil. FAU - Lopes, Mariana Souza AU - Lopes MS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3128-7959 AD - Universidade Federal da Paraiba, Departamento de Nutricao, Joao Pessoa, PB, Brazil Universidade Federal da Paraiba Departamento de Nutricao Joao PessoaPB Brazil. FAU - de Freitas, Patricia Pinheiro AU - de Freitas PP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9355-3066 AD - Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Departamento de Nutricao, Diamantina, MG, Brazil Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri Departamento de Nutricao DiamantinaMG Brazil. FAU - Lopes, Aline Cristine Souza AU - Lopes ACS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9782-2606 AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Nutricao, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Departamento de Nutricao Belo HorizonteMG Brazil. LA - eng LA - por PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260624 PL - Brazil TA - Epidemiol Serv Saude JT - Epidemiologia e servicos de saude : revista do Sistema Unico de Saude do Brasil JID - 101248287 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Brazil MH - *Fruit MH - *Vegetables MH - Female MH - Male MH - Adult MH - Interviews as Topic MH - *Self Report MH - Middle Aged MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Young Adult MH - Telephone MH - Health Promotion/methods MH - *Diet/statistics & numerical data MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13686308 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Eating OT - Fruit OT - Nutritional Assessment OT - Validation Study OT - Vegetables COIS- Conflict of interest: None to declare. EDAT- 2026/10/25 03:36 MHDA- 2026/10/25 03:37 PMCR- 2026/06/24 CRDT- 2026/10/24 10:19 PHST- 2025/08/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/01/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/25 03:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/25 03:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/24 10:19 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1590/S2237-96222026v35e20250817.en [doi] PST - epublish SO - Epidemiol Serv Saude. 2026 Jun 24;35:e20250817. doi: 10.1590/S2237-96222026v35e20250817.en. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42922321 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261024 LR - 20261024 IS - 0043-5147 (Print) IS - 0043-5147 (Linking) VI - 79 IP - 8 DP - 2026 TI - Relationship between physical development and coordinative abilities in adolescent girls with low adaptive capacity. PG - 1906-1912 LID - 10.36740/WLek/235883 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Aim: To investigate the relationship between physical development and coordinative abilities in adolescent girls aged 16-17 with low adaptive capacity. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: The research involved 48 female students aged 16-17 from general secondary schools with low adaptive capacity (Ruffier test scores ranging from 10.1 to 15.0 c. u.). The girls' physical development was assessed using the following indicators: 30-meter sprint (speed), standing long jump (speed and strength), push-ups (strength), 4x9-meter shuttle run (agility), and Harvard step test (endurance). Coordinative abilities were assessed using the following tests: the "Flamingo" balance test - standing on one leg on a limited surface (static balance), walking in a straight line with eyes closed (spatial orientation), jumping rope (motor coordination), target-throwing accuracy test with a tennis ball (spatial-dynamic accuracy), and the tapping test (movement frequency). To achieve the research aim, Pearson's linear correlation analysis was applied. RESULTS: Results: Significant correlations of varying degrees were established between individual parameters of physical development and the coordinative abilities of 16- to 17-year-old girls with low adaptive capacity. These findings indicate that, due to the phenomenon of positive transfer, it is possible to contribute to improving the physical fitness of girls with medical restrictions on certain exercises, specifically by enhancing endurance, speed, and speed and strength qualities through coordination training. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The results obtained allow for the use of more accessible physical exercise parameters to improve physical qualities that are otherwise limited for girls with low adaptive capacity, specifically by developing the most informative types of coordinative abilities based on the phenomenon of positive transfer. FAU - Lyakhova, Natalia A AU - Lyakhova NA AD - POLTAVA STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, POLTAVA, UKRAINE. FAU - Masenko, Larysa V AU - Masenko LV AD - DRAGOMANOV UKRAINIAN STATE UNIVERSITY, KYIV, UKRAINE. FAU - Lukjanchenko, Mykola I AU - Lukjanchenko MI AD - DROHOBYCH IVAN FRANKO STATE PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY, DROHOBYCH, UKRAINE. FAU - Bilyk, Valentyna H AU - Bilyk VH AD - DRAGOMANOV UKRAINIAN STATE UNIVERSITY, KYIV, UKRAINE. FAU - Sushchenko, Lyudmyla P AU - Sushchenko LP AD - DRAGOMANOV UKRAINIAN STATE UNIVERSITY, KYIV, UKRAINE. FAU - Danylevych, Myroslava V AU - Danylevych MV AD - IVAN BOBERSKYI LVIV STATE UNIVERSITY OF PHYSICAL CULTURE, LVIV, UKRAINE. FAU - Shtanagei, Dmytro V AU - Shtanagei DV AD - NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF UKRAINE ON PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORT, KYIV, UKRAINE. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - Poland TA - Wiad Lek JT - Wiadomosci lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland : 1960) JID - 9705467 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - *Adolescent Development/physiology MH - *Physical Fitness/physiology MH - Postural Balance/physiology MH - *Adaptation, Physiological MH - *Motor Skills/physiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - low level of adaptive capacity OT - adolescents OT - coordinative abilities OT - girls aged 16-17 OT - physical education OT - physical development OT - physical fitness EDAT- 2026/10/25 03:36 MHDA- 2026/10/25 03:37 CRDT- 2026/10/24 09:54 PHST- 2026/10/25 03:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/25 03:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/24 09:54 [entrez] AID - 10.36740/WLek/235883 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Wiad Lek. 2026;79(8):1906-1912. doi: 10.36740/WLek/235883. PMID- 42921813 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261024 IS - 1550-9109 (Electronic) IS - 0161-8105 (Linking) DP - 2026 Oct 24 TI - The Sleep-Wake Classification Performance of Pediatric-Trained Machine Learning Algorithms for Raw Accelerometer Data. LID - zsag282 [pii] LID - 10.1093/sleep/zsag282 [doi] AB - STUDY OBJECTIVES: Actigraphy sleep-wake classification methods increasingly seek to leverage raw acceleration data and machine-learning-based classification, but performance evaluation in pediatrics is limited. We trained machine-learning models using pediatric data and compared their sleep-wake classification performance with existing algorithms for children. METHODS: Sixty-five children (46% female, ages 5.3-17.7 years) completed in-lab overnight polysomnography and wore a GENEActiv device on their non-dominant wrist. The acceleration data were converted into 30-second epochs and aligned with physician-scored sleep-wake data from electroencephalography. Eight machine-learning models were trained using leave-one-subject-out cross-validation. Epoch-by-epoch analyses generated performance metrics (e.g., balanced accuracy [BA]) and discrepancy analyses provided overall sleep duration bias estimates. The combination of highest performance and least bias was used to rank using Euclidean distance scores - where a lower score represents closer to perfect performance and zero bias. For benchmarking, we included GGIR sleep scoring algorithms and an adult trained random forest classifier. RESULTS: Overall, 560.1 hours of polysomnography and actigraphy data were collected (74.4% of epochs were scored as sleep). The pediatric-trained local-global long-short term memory (LSTM) classifier had the most optimal epoch-by-epoch performance (e.g., BA=0.85, sensitivity=0.88, specificity=0.83, ROC-AUC=0.95, and Cohen's kappa=0.67). These metrics exceeded that of an adult-trained random forest classifier and GGIR-based algorithms. Discrepancy analyses revealed that overall sleep duration was underestimated by an average of 25 minutes using the LSTM classifier with no proportional bias. CONCLUSIONS: We trained eight pediatric sleep-wake classifiers that had a strong ability to detect sleep and wake, with the LSTM classifier being most optimal. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Sleep Research Society. FAU - Chen, Pin-Wei AU - Chen PW AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4394-1519 AD - Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Cielo, Christopher AU - Cielo C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5761-6373 AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Division of Pulmonology and Sleep Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Walch, Olivia AU - Walch O AD - Arcascope, Inc., Arlington, VA, USA. AD - Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. FAU - McDonald, Morgan AU - McDonald M AD - Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Song, Peter X K AU - Song PXK AD - Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. FAU - Goldstein, Cathy AU - Goldstein C AD - Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. FAU - Moreno, Jennette P AU - Moreno JP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9372-6104 AD - Department of Pediatrics-Nutrition, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. FAU - Jansen, Erica C AU - Jansen EC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3364-3729 AD - Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. FAU - Mitchell, Jonathan A AU - Mitchell JA AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261024 PL - United States TA - Sleep JT - Sleep JID - 7809084 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Actigraphy OT - Machine Learning OT - Pediatrics OT - Sleep-wake Classification OT - Validation study OT - Wearable Sensors EDAT- 2026/10/25 03:36 MHDA- 2026/10/25 03:36 CRDT- 2026/10/24 08:34 PHST- 2026/06/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/10/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/25 03:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/25 03:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/24 08:34 [entrez] AID - 8996764 [pii] AID - 10.1093/sleep/zsag282 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Sleep. 2026 Oct 24:zsag282. doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsag282. PMID- 42920663 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261024 LR - 20261025 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - An expert-informed framework of school conditions potentially supporting adolescent physical activity habits: a three-stage consultation in China. PG - 1962254 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1962254 [doi] LID - 1962254 AB - BACKGROUND: Schools can provide conditions that may support repeated physical activity, but expert endorsement of those conditions does not demonstrate habit formation. This study developed an expert-informed content framework for Chinese adolescents aged 12-18 years. METHODS: A three-stage, Delphi-informed consultation comprised qualitative elicitation and item development, one full quantitative rating stage, and targeted review of proposed final decisions. Of 25 experts approached, 23, 18, and 16 were reported to complete Stages 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The reported analyses used 16 complete cases. Seven earlier-stage contributors withdrew consent; their data are excluded and recorded as no longer retained, preventing full-stage reanalysis. Five theory-informed domains guided the interviews; a predominantly deductive qualitative analysis using a codebook specified before the interviews supported indicator refinement rather than independently establishing their structure. Forty-five literature-derived provisional indicators and five interview-derived additions were consolidated into 34 candidates. Importance, feasibility, and clarity were rated on five-point scales. The importance-based retention rule specified before rating combined a mean >/=4.00, coefficient of variation /=80% ratings of 4 or 5. RESULTS: Thirty-three candidates met the retention rule; SPC9 did not. The retained indicators received uniformly high importance endorsement, but concordance in relative rankings was limited (Kendall's W: importance 0.115, feasibility 0.160, clarity 0.163). Individual-level Stage 3 confirmation distributions were not available in the submitted analytic record, and quantitative convergence across stages was not assessed. The exploratory, sample-relative importance-feasibility matrix assigned 10, 5, 10, and 8 indicators to its four quadrants; 11 of 33 indicators changed quadrant in at least one leave-one-expert-out analysis. CONCLUSION: The resulting curricular, extracurricular, peer, cultural, and institutional indicators specify school conditions that experts considered potentially relevant to habit support. The findings do not establish strong inter-expert consensus, a validated measurement instrument, actual habit formation, or causal effects. Complete-case selection, limited stakeholder representation, and incomplete process records restrict interpretation. More complete source documentation, stakeholder co-design, and prospective measurement and implementation studies are needed. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Hu, Su, Han, Li, Wang, Liu, Xiong and Li. FAU - Hu, Shaojuan AU - Hu S AD - College of Physical Education and Sports Science, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang, China. FAU - Su, Yi AU - Su Y AD - College of Physical Education and Sports Science, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang, China. FAU - Han, Dong AU - Han D AD - Shenzhen No. 3 Senior High School, Shenzhen, China. FAU - Li, Liting AU - Li L AD - College of Physical Education and Sports Science, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang, China. FAU - Wang, Ran AU - Wang R AD - College of Physical Education and Sports Science, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang, China. FAU - Liu, Yihang AU - Liu Y AD - College of Physical Education and Sports Science, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang, China. FAU - Xiong, Jie AU - Xiong J AD - College of Physical Education and Sports Science, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang, China. FAU - Li, Xinyuan AU - Li X AD - College of Physical Education and Sports Science, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261009 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - *Schools MH - Child MH - China MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - Delphi Technique MH - *Habits MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Adolescent Behavior/psychology PMC - PMC13690933 OTO - NOTNLM OT - China OT - adolescent OT - expert consultation OT - habit support OT - modified Delphi approach OT - physical activity OT - school health promotion COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/24 05:35 MHDA- 2026/10/25 03:36 PMCR- 2026/10/09 CRDT- 2026/10/24 04:55 PHST- 2026/08/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/25 03:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/24 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/24 04:55 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1962254 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2026 Oct 9;14:1962254. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1962254. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42920505 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261024 LR - 20261025 IS - 2296-858X (Print) IS - 2296-858X (Electronic) IS - 2296-858X (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2026 TI - Development and temporal validation of a calibrated machine learning model for in-hospital blood culture positivity using routine clinical data. PG - 1956921 LID - 10.3389/fmed.2026.1956921 [doi] LID - 1956921 AB - BACKGROUND: Among hospitalized patients who have already undergone blood culture collection, routinely available clinical information may support early risk stratification while microbiological results are pending. We developed and temporally validated a calibrated machine learning model for in-hospital blood culture positivity. METHODS: This single-center retrospective study included 44,389 blood culture-related hospitalization records from January 2022 to September 2024. Records from 2022 to 2023 were used for model development and records from 2024 for temporal validation. The primary outcome was at least one laboratory-recorded positive blood culture between index collection and hospital discharge. A Platt-calibrated XGBoost model using demographic characteristics, routine laboratory variables, and missingness indicators was compared with procalcitonin-only and regression-based models. Performance was assessed using discrimination, calibration, threshold-specific metrics, decision curve analysis, and SHAP. RESULTS: The cohort included 3,555 outcome-positive records (8.01%). In temporal validation, the final XGBoost model achieved a ROC-AUC of 0.798 (95% CI, 0.784-0.813), a PR-AUC of 0.266, a Brier score of 0.0619, and a calibration slope of 1.061. At the 5% threshold, sensitivity was 0.877, specificity 0.570, and negative predictive value 0.983. XGBoost showed a modest improvement over logistic regression with missingness indicators, while an exploratory post hoc Age + PCT + BMI logistic comparator achieved a ROC-AUC of 0.757. Performance was stable in the new-patient validation subset but decreased within adult and pediatric subgroups (ROC-AUC 0.679 and 0.663, respectively). Age, procalcitonin, and body mass index were the dominant contributors. CONCLUSION: The calibrated model provided moderate discrimination and favorable calibration for hospitalization-level blood culture positivity risk stratification in the pooled temporal validation cohort. Performance varied across age groups, and much of the predictive information was concentrated in age, PCT, and BMI. The model does not predict the index culture result alone or diagnose clinically adjudicated bloodstream infection. Multicenter external and prospective validation using fixed prediction horizons and adjudicated outcomes is required before clinical implementation. CI - (c) 2026 Huang, Tan, Jiang, Yang, Wang and Huang. FAU - Huang, Tao AU - Huang T AD - Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China. AD - School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China. FAU - Tan, Zhenzhen AU - Tan Z AD - School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China. AD - Department of Pharmacy, The Hejiang People's Hospital, Luzhou, China. FAU - Jiang, Longyang AU - Jiang L AD - Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China. AD - School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China. FAU - Yang, Xuping AU - Yang X AD - Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China. AD - School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China. FAU - Wang, Shurong AU - Wang S AD - Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China. AD - School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China. FAU - Huang, Yilan AU - Huang Y AD - Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China. AD - School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261009 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Med (Lausanne) JT - Frontiers in medicine JID - 101648047 PMC - PMC13690682 OTO - NOTNLM OT - XGBoost OT - blood culture positivity OT - clinical risk stratification OT - electronic health records OT - machine learning OT - probability calibration OT - temporal validation COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/24 05:35 MHDA- 2026/10/24 05:36 PMCR- 2026/10/09 CRDT- 2026/10/24 04:44 PHST- 2026/08/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/24 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/24 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/24 04:44 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fmed.2026.1956921 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Med (Lausanne). 2026 Oct 9;13:1956921. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2026.1956921. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42920015 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261023 LR - 20261027 IS - 1863-2491 (Electronic) IS - 1863-2483 (Linking) VI - 20 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Oct 24 TI - Body weight-associated procedural bottlenecks in robot-assisted surgery for congenital biliary dilatation: a step-specific operative time analysis. LID - 1132 [pii] LID - 10.1007/s11701-026-04085-y [doi] AB - Adults and heavier patients undergoing robot-assisted surgery for congenital biliary dilatation may require longer operative times. This study used step-specific video analysis to identify where additional time accumulated and which components remained relatively stable across patient size. Fifty-five patients (32 children and 23 adults) were retrospectively analyzed. Operative videos were divided into seven predefined steps and unclassified time. Step-specific durations were compared between groups. Restricted cubic spline and segmented regression analyses explored relationships between body weight and step-specific operative time. Total operative time was longer in adults than in children (509.0 vs. 386.0 min; P < 0.001). Adults required longer times for access and preparation, the Kocher maneuver, pancreatic-side bile duct dissection, Roux-en-Y limb creation and mesenteric fixation, final procedural steps, and unclassified workflow time. Hepatic duct dissection and ductoplasty and hepaticojejunostomy times were similar between groups. Pancreatic-side dissection time was longer in patients with postoperative pancreatic fistulas than in those without it (83.0 vs. 73.0 min; P = 0.039). Segmented regression yielded an exploratory breakpoint estimate of 17.8 kg (95% confidence interval, 9.6-25.9 kg). Using 18 kg as a data-derived exploratory cutoff, patients weighing >/= 18 kg had longer access, dissection, intestinal preparation, and workflow times, without significant differences in biliary reconstruction times. Longer operative times in adults and heavier patients were concentrated in access, pancreatic-side bile duct dissection, intestinal preparation, and workflow, with no significant difference in biliary reconstruction times. The fistula association and the breakpoint are hypothesis-generating findings that require external validation. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature. FAU - Hayashi, Kaito AU - Hayashi K AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan. FAU - Shirota, Chiyoe AU - Shirota C AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan. FAU - Tainaka, Takahisa AU - Tainaka T AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan. tainaka.takahisa.g2@f.mail.nagoya-u.ac.jp. FAU - Makita, Satoshi AU - Makita S AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan. FAU - Okamoto, Masamune AU - Okamoto M AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan. FAU - Yasui, Akihiro AU - Yasui A AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan. FAU - Takimoto, Aitaro AU - Takimoto A AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan. FAU - Takada, Shunya AU - Takada S AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan. FAU - Kato, Daiki AU - Kato D AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan. FAU - Ishii, Hiroki AU - Ishii H AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan. FAU - Asai, Hajime AU - Asai H AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan. FAU - Ota, Kazuki AU - Ota K AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan. FAU - Utsunomiya, Ami AU - Utsunomiya A AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan. FAU - Uchida, Hiroo AU - Uchida H AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan. LA - eng GR - JP26vk0124014/Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development/ GR - JP26K03317/Japan Society for the Promotion of Science/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261024 PL - England TA - J Robot Surg JT - Journal of robotic surgery JID - 101300401 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Operative Time MH - *Robotic Surgical Procedures/methods MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Female MH - Adult MH - Male MH - *Body Weight MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Biliary Tract Surgical Procedures/methods MH - Adolescent MH - Infant MH - *Bile Ducts/surgery/abnormalities OTO - NOTNLM OT - Body weight OT - Congenital biliary dilatation OT - Hepaticojejunostomy OT - Operative time OT - Pancreatic fistula OT - Robotic surgery COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Ethics Approval: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Nagoya University Hospital (approval no. 2025-0583). Consent to Participate: The requirement for written informed consent was waived because of the retrospective study design. An opt-out approach was used. Consent to Publish: Not applicable. EDAT- 2026/10/24 05:35 MHDA- 2026/10/24 05:36 CRDT- 2026/10/23 23:20 PHST- 2026/09/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/10/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/24 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/24 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/23 23:20 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s11701-026-04085-y [pii] AID - 10.1007/s11701-026-04085-y [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Robot Surg. 2026 Oct 24;20(1):1132. doi: 10.1007/s11701-026-04085-y. PMID- 42919594 OWN - NLM STAT- In-Process LR - 20261028 IS - 2044-6055 (Electronic) IS - 2044-6055 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct 23 TI - Lifestyle intervention to improve outcomes in dichorionic twin pregnancies: study protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial with an integrated pilot study - the LIFETWIN trial. PG - e122541 LID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2026-122541 [doi] LID - e122541 AB - INTRODUCTION: Preterm birth and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants remain major contributors to neonatal morbidity, mortality and healthcare costs. Twin pregnancies account for a disproportionate share of these adverse outcomes, representing 18%-24% of all preterm births in Europe. Despite this high-risk profile, effective preventive strategies for twin pregnancies remain limited and mainly target cervical length. Emerging evidence suggests that maternal lifestyle factors, including diet, physical activity and stress management, may prolong gestational age and improve fetal growth. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The LIFEstyle intervention to improve TWIN pregnancy (LIFETWIN) - study is a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial. A total of 274 women with dichorionic twin pregnancies will be recruited across 15 sites in Belgium. The full trial will be preceded by an integrated pilot study conducted at four sites to assess feasibility using the RE-AIM framework. Participants will be randomised to standard care or a lifestyle intervention in addition to standard care. The intervention consists of eight midwife-led sessions between gestational weeks 16 and 36, focusing on a Mediterranean-type diet, physical activity, mindfulness and prenatal multivitamin supplementation. Data are collected at baseline, in late pregnancy, at delivery and at 6 weeks postpartum, using clinical records, physical examinations and validated questionnaires. The primary outcome is gestational age at delivery. Secondary outcomes include neonatal birth weight, SGA status, neonatal morbidity and mortality, neonatal intensive care unit admission and length of stay, maternal gestational weight gain, postpartum weight and quality of life. The primary outcome, gestational age at delivery, will be analysed using a linear mixed-effects model, accounting for study-site effects and potential clustering by intervention midwife within the intervention arm. Secondary outcomes will be analysed using models appropriate to the outcome type, including linear mixed models, generalised mixed models and frailty models. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The trial has been approved by the central ethics committee of Leuven (identification number S68251) and by the local ethics committees of each participating site. The trial will be conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. All results, whether positive, negative or inconclusive, will be disseminated at national or international scientific meetings and published in peer-reviewed scientific journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT07270640. FAU - Lodewyckx, Katleen AU - Lodewyckx K AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-6181-1649 AD - REALIFE Research Group, Research Unit Woman and Child, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Shafran, Yael Winter AU - Shafran YW AD - REALIFE Research Group, Research Unit Woman and Child, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Coucke, Birgit AU - Coucke B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0285-6665 AD - REALIFE Research Group, Research Unit Woman and Child, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. AD - Academic Centre for Nursing and Midwifery (AccentVV), Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Put, Martien AU - Put M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-5891-636X AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Lewi, Liesbeth AU - Lewi L AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Bogaerts, Annick AU - Bogaerts A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2718-4682 AD - REALIFE Research Group, Research Unit Woman and Child, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. AD - L-C&Y, KU Leuven Child & Youth Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. AD - University of Plymouth, Faculty of Health, Plymouth, UK. FAU - Smits, Tim AU - Smits T AD - Institute for Media Studies, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Faculteit Sociale Wetenschappen, Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Noel, Laure AU - Noel L AD - Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Centre Hospitalier Regional de la Citadelle, Liege, Belgium. FAU - Mesens, Tinne AU - Mesens T AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital East-Limburg, Genk, Belgium. FAU - Jani, Jacques AU - Jani J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2252-342X AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brugmann University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium. FAU - Devlieger, Roland AU - Devlieger R AD - REALIFE Research Group, Research Unit Woman and Child, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium roland.devlieger@uzleuven.be. AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261023 PL - England TA - BMJ Open JT - BMJ open JID - 101552874 SB - IM PMC - PMC13711562 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Exercise OT - Life Style OT - Mindfulness OT - NUTRITION & DIETETICS OT - Pregnancy OT - Premature Birth OT - Twin COIS- Competing interests: None declared. EDAT- 2026/10/23 23:32 MHDA- 2026/10/23 23:32 PMCR- 2026/10/23 CRDT- 2026/10/23 21:03 PHST- 2026/10/23 23:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/23 23:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/23 21:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjopen-2026-122541 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2026-122541 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Open. 2026 Oct 23;16(10):e122541. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2026-122541. PMID- 42919389 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261024 LR - 20261025 IS - 1479-5868 (Electronic) IS - 1479-5868 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 25 TI - Identifying eating behaviour phenotype cut-off scores for childhood obesity: an individual participant data meta-analysis using the Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ). LID - 10.1186/s12966-026-01951-8 [doi] LID - 98 AB - BACKGROUND: Weight management interventions targeting appetitive traits show promise in treating childhood obesity, yet a tool to identify appetitive phenotypes for personalised treatment is missing. The Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ) is a widely used measure of eight parent-reported appetitive traits associated with childhood obesity. We aimed to explore the utility of the CEBQ for phenotyping childhood obesity and derive cut-off scores to support clinical decision-making. METHODS: This individual participant data meta-analysis combined cross-sectional data from 17 international studies (N = 15,273) on CEBQ scores and Body Mass Index Standard Deviation Scores from children (2-18 years). The potential of CEBQ subscales (Food Responsiveness, Enjoyment of Food, Emotional Over-eating, Desire to Drink, Satiety Responsiveness, Slowness in Eating, Emotional Under-eating, Food Fussiness) to discriminate weight status was explored in random-effect meta-analyses of Area Under the Curve (AUC) metrics. We explored heterogeneity across studies and age- and sex- specific subgroups. Cut-off scores were derived within subgroups using (a) the Youden's Index and (b) the point maximising specificity after a minimum sensitivity of 60%. We meta-analysed study-specific performance with the selected cut-offs to describe heterogeneity across studies. RESULTS: AUCs for CEBQ subscales ranged from 0.60 to 0.71. The magnitude and shape of associations between CEBQ scores and obesity varied by age and sex. Cut-off performance was generally better in middle- than early childhood. The best performing cut-off score of 2.6 was observed for females aged 7-12 years for Food Responsiveness (Sensitivity: 0.81 [95%CI 0.77, 0.85]; Specificity: 0.85 [95%CI 0.82, 0.88]). High heterogeneity in cut-off performance across studies and wide prediction intervals suggest the need to further investigate external validity. CONCLUSIONS: We provide the first empirically derived CEBQ subscale cut-offs to phenotype children with obesity based on weight-related eating behaviours. Cut-offs could support personalised treatment in clinical and research contexts. FUNDING: MC_UU_00006/6 and MC_UU_00006/5. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Kudlek, Laura AU - Kudlek L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0947-3640 AD - Institute of Metabolic Science Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. laura.kudlek@ims.cam.ac.uk. AD - Centre for Preventive Medicine and Digital Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. laura.kudlek@ims.cam.ac.uk. FAU - Smith, Andrea D AU - Smith AD AD - Institute of Metabolic Science Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. FAU - Ruggiero, Cara F AU - Ruggiero CF AD - Institute of Metabolic Science Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. FAU - Pennells, Lisa AU - Pennells L AD - Department of Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. FAU - Kininmonth, Alice R AU - Kininmonth AR AD - School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK. AD - Leeds Institute for Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK. FAU - Steinsbekk, Silje AU - Steinsbekk S AD - Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Hogskoleringen, Norway. FAU - Jansen, Pauline W AU - Jansen PW AD - Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands. FAU - Ahern, Amy L AU - Ahern AL AD - Institute of Metabolic Science Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. FAU - McCarthy, Elaine K AU - McCarthy EK AD - School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland. FAU - Gross, Amy AU - Gross A AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA. FAU - Viana, Victor AU - Viana V AD - Faculty of Food Sciences and Nutrition, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. FAU - van Deutekom, Arend W AU - van Deutekom AW AD - Department of Paediatrics, Division of Paediatric Cardiology Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital Rotterdam, Rotterdam,, Netherlands. FAU - Spence, John C AU - Spence JC AD - Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, & Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. FAU - Fisher, Jennifer Orlet AU - Fisher JO AD - Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Hayes, Jacqueline AU - Hayes J AD - Alpert Medical School of Brown University and The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, USA. FAU - Haycraft, Emma AU - Haycraft E AD - School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK. FAU - Hardman, Charlotte A AU - Hardman CA AD - Department of Psychology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. FAU - Silveira, Patricia P AU - Silveira PP AD - Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. FAU - Emond, Jennifer A AU - Emond JA AD - Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA. FAU - Eloranta, Aino-Maija AU - Eloranta AM AD - Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland. FAU - Dos Passos Gomes, Darlise R AU - Dos Passos Gomes DR AD - Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil. FAU - Lumeng, Julie C AU - Lumeng JC AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. FAU - Cross, Matthew B AU - Cross MB AD - USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Bates, Houston, TX, 1100, USA. FAU - Carnell, Susan AU - Carnell S AD - Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. FAU - Fildes, Alison AU - Fildes A AD - School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK. FAU - Llewellyn, Clare AU - Llewellyn C AD - Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK. LA - eng GR - MC_UU_00006/6/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - MC_UU_00006/5/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - NIHR203312/National Institute for Health and Care Research/ GR - NIHR203312/National Institute for Health and Care Research/ GR - RG/F/23/110103/BHF_/British Heart Foundation/United Kingdom GR - PR:1948633/Economic and Social Research Council/ PT - Journal Article PT - Meta-Analysis DEP - 20260725 PL - England TA - Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act JT - The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity JID - 101217089 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - Phenotype MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Female MH - Child, Preschool MH - Body Mass Index MH - *Pediatric Obesity/psychology/diagnosis MH - Male MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adolescent MH - *Child Behavior PMC - PMC13693115 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Behavioural obesity phenotypes OT - Child eating behaviour questionnaire (CEBQ) OT - Childhood obesity OT - Cut-off scores COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical approval and consent to participate were obtained by original investigators for each included study. No additional ethical approval was obtained for this secondary analysis of original study data. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: ALA is a member of the scientific advisory board for Weight Watchers and has undertaken consultancy for Menwell Health and Juniper (all payments to her institution). CAH reports research funding for work unrelated to the submitted manuscript from the American Beverage Association; membership of Global Nutrition Advisory Council for Mars; primary supervisor of PhD studentship funded by Coca-Cola; membership of UK Government's Food Standards Agency's Advisory Committee on Social Sciences; honoraria from International Sweeteners Association and International Food Information Council for invited talks. CL held funding from the UKRI Medical Research Council Grant to support an intervention based on child eating behaviour, involving eating behaviour phenotyping. All other authors have no competing interests to declare. EDAT- 2026/10/23 23:32 MHDA- 2026/10/24 05:35 PMCR- 2026/07/25 CRDT- 2026/10/23 20:52 PHST- 2026/01/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/24 05:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/23 23:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/23 20:52 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12966-026-01951-8 [pii] AID - 1951 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12966-026-01951-8 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2026 Jul 25;23(1):98. doi: 10.1186/s12966-026-01951-8. PMID- 42913715 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261023 LR - 20261025 IS - 2190-6009 (Electronic) IS - 2190-5991 (Print) IS - 2190-5991 (Linking) VI - 17 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Machine Learning Integrating Quantitative MRI and Clinical Features Predicts Loss of Ambulation in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. LID - e70413 [pii] LID - 10.1002/jcsm.70413 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Loss of ambulation (LOA) is a key milestone in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) with highly variable timing, complicating clinical counselling and trial design. Quantitative MRI non-invasively assesses muscle fat infiltration, yet few models have integrated MRI with clinical variables for individualized LOA prediction. We aimed to develop and validate a machine-learning model integrating quantitative MRI and clinical features to predict time to LOA and to derive interpretable, individualized risk estimates and candidate thresholds. METHODS: This prospective study enrolled 188 boys with DMD (median age 9.10 years). Quantitative MRI parameters (T1, T2, fat fraction [FF]) of 19 hip/thigh muscles and clinical variables were measured. Patients were randomly split into training (80%) and test (20%) sets. Feature selection used LASSO, Boruta and recursive feature elimination based on random survival forest (RSF). Three survival models were compared: RSF and a ridge-penalised Cox model (both integrating clinical and MRI-derived features) and a multivariable Cox model restricted to clinical variables. Performance was assessed by concordance index (C-index), time-dependent area under the curve (AUC), integrated Brier score (IBS) and decision curve analysis at 12, 24, 36 and 48 months. RESULTS: Over median 43.5 months follow-up, 66 patients (35.1%) experienced LOA. Six predictors were retained: NSAA score, MRC%, age and three FF parameters (rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, obturator internus). In the test set (n = 40, 15 events), RSF achieved a C-index of 0.870 (95% CI, 0.764-0.957), outperforming the clinical Cox (0.804) and ridge Cox (0.853) model. Time-dependent AUCs of the RSF model were 0.984, 0.971, 0.913 and 0.850 at 12, 24, 36 and 48 months. RSF showed the best calibration, with the lowest IBS (0.076, 95% CI: 0.052-0.111), followed closely by the ridge Cox model (0.078) and the clinical Cox model (0.109). RSF stratified patients into low-risk, intermediate-risk and high-risk groups; no LOA events occurred in the low-risk group, with annual event rates were 7.2% and 34.6% in the intermediate- and high-risk groups (log-rank p = 0.0025). SHAP analysis identified exploratory thresholds (NSAA < 14.55, MRC% < 68.36%, rectus femoris FF > 32.30%, vastus lateralis FF > 58.00%, obturator internus FF > 7.43%). An interactive web application enables individualized risk prediction (https://westcndmd-timer-loa-risk-prediction-tool-8cygtrrbykvd9snmfcnhrp.streamlit.app/). CONCLUSIONS: A machine-learning-based RSF model integrating quantitative MRI FF metrics and clinical variables exhibited favourable predictive performance for time to LOA in DMD across short- and long-term horizons. It provided interpretable, individualized risk estimates and was deployed as an online tool to support clinical decision-making and trial enrichment. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Liu, Chuan AU - Liu C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8126-7684 AD - Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, China Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. FAU - Song, Yu AU - Song Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1198-0732 AD - Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, China Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. FAU - Wan, Jiayu AU - Wan J AD - Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, China Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. FAU - Xu, Ting AU - Xu T AD - Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, China Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. FAU - Zhang, Xinyuan AU - Zhang X AD - Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, China Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. FAU - Yan, Yiqiao AU - Yan Y AD - Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, China Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. FAU - Fu, Hang AU - Fu H AD - Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, China Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. FAU - Cai, Xiaotang AU - Cai X AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8940-8253 AD - Department of Rehabilitation and Department of Pediatric Neurology, China Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. FAU - Guo, Yingkun AU - Guo Y AD - Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, China Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. FAU - Wang, Yun AU - Wang Y AD - Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, China Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. FAU - Xu, Huayan AU - Xu H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0801-0695 AD - Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, China Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. LA - eng GR - HF-CSC2019B01/Clinical Research Funding of Chinese Society of Cardiovascular Disease (CSC)/ GR - 2022-GH03-00011-HZ/Project of Chengdu Science and Technology/ GR - 82572196/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - 82471970/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - 824B2052/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - 82402250/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - 825B2052/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - 2026NSFSCZY0011/Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province/ GR - 2026NSFSC0584/Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province/ GR - 2026-YF08-00166-GX/Chengdu Science and Technology Program/ GR - 2026-XT00-00013-GX/Chengdu Science and Technology Program/ PT - Journal Article PL - Germany TA - J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle JT - Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle JID - 101552883 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/diagnostic imaging/physiopathology/diagnosis MH - *Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods MH - *Machine Learning MH - Male MH - Child MH - Prospective Studies MH - *Walking MH - Random Forest MH - Predictive Learning Models MH - Prognosis PMC - PMC13690469 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Duchenne muscular dystrophy OT - fat fraction OT - loss of ambulation OT - machine learning OT - quantitative MRI OT - random survival forest COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/23 23:31 MHDA- 2026/10/23 23:32 PMCR- 2026/10/22 CRDT- 2026/10/23 17:59 PHST- 2026/09/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/10/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/23 23:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/23 23:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/23 17:59 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - e70413 [pii] AID - JCSM70413 [pii] AID - 10.1002/jcsm.70413 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2026 Oct;17(5):e70413. doi: 10.1002/jcsm.70413. PMID- 42912754 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261023 LR - 20261025 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 10 DP - 2026 TI - Determine and compare limb specific predictors based on the foot pressure index of right and left foot among young adults in Saudi Arabia using machine learning models. PG - e0360520 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0360520 [doi] LID - e0360520 AB - Foot posture is a key determinant of limb-biomechanics, gait balance as well as functional mobility. Usage of foot pressure index (FPI) is widespread to but the determinants of FPI without accounting to the left right foot differences. Therefore, identifying limb-specific determinants would enhance screening accuracy and help in more targeted interventions. The objective of the study was to determine and compare limb specific predictors based on the foot pressure index of right and left foot among young adults using machine learning models. A total of 581 (290 females and 291 males) 18-25-year-old young adults were assessed on anthropometric measures, joint hyper mobility and functional mobility. Using SAS-Viya, separate entropy-based decision trees, along with logistic regression models were developed and model performance was evaluated using validation-test accuracy and area under the curve (AUC). Decision tree models outperformed logistic regression for both FPI-Left (FPI-L) and FPI-Right (FPIR). FPIR was primarily predicted by joint hyper mobility, followed by stair ascent time, stability as well as BMI with stronger influence of both structural and load related factors. FPIL was predicted by closed-eye balance along BMI, open eye balance, stair ascent, Beighton score, underscoring the role of sensory motor control. The findings of the study reflect that young adults foot posture is complex, limb specific interactions among anthropometric, functional and sensory factors. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Samuel et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Samuel, Paul Silvian AU - Samuel PS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4920-6347 AD - Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Thomas, Resmi Ann AU - Thomas RA AD - College of Business, Centennial College, Toronto, Canada. FAU - Kakaraparthi, Venkata Nagaraj AU - Kakaraparthi VN AD - Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Reddy, Ravi Shankar AU - Reddy RS AD - Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alshahrani, Mastour Saeed AU - Alshahrani MS AD - Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alnakhli, Hani H AU - Alnakhli HH AD - Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alkhamis, Batool Abdulelah AU - Alkhamis BA AD - Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Gular, Kumar AU - Gular K AD - Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261023 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Machine Learning MH - *Foot/physiology MH - Pressure MH - Young Adult MH - Saudi Arabia MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Gait/physiology MH - Biomechanical Phenomena MH - Predictive Learning Models PMC - PMC13693902 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/10/23 18:31 MHDA- 2026/10/23 18:32 PMCR- 2026/10/23 CRDT- 2026/10/23 13:45 PHST- 2026/04/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/23 18:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/23 18:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/23 13:45 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-26-17999 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0360520 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 Oct 23;21(10):e0360520. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0360520. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42912062 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261023 LR - 20261024 IS - 1984-0462 (Electronic) IS - 0103-0582 (Print) IS - 0103-0582 (Linking) VI - 44 DP - 2026 TI - Excess weight and its association with cardiometabolic risk in adolescents: comparative analysis of national and international classifications. PG - e2025342 LID - S0103-05822026000101031 [pii] LID - 10.1590/1984-0462/2026/44/2025342 [doi] LID - e2025342 AB - OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the agreement between the overweight and obesity classifications of the World Health Organization (WHO), the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF), and the Brazilian Reference (BR) proposed by Conde and Monteiro in adolescents, and to verify the association of these classifications with cardiometabolic risk (CMR). METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 823 adolescents (aged 10-19 years) from municipal schools in Fortaleza, Ceara. Nutritional status was classified according to three body mass index references. CMR was defined by the simultaneous presence of insulin resistance, identified by the waist-to-height ratio, and dyslipidemia, assessed by biochemical tests (total cholesterol, HDL-c, LDL-c, and triglycerides). Agreement between classifications was assessed using the Kappa (kappa) statistic, and the association with CMR was analyzed using Poisson regression. RESULTS: All classifications showed excellent agreement, with weighted kappa values ranging from 0.85 to 0.95. The highest agreement was between WHO and IOTF references (kappa=0.95; 95%CI 0.93-0.97), while the lowest was between WHO and BR (kappa=0.85; 95%CI 0.82-0.88). Despite the lower agreement, the diagnosis of obesity according to the BR reference demonstrated strong clinical relevance, being associated with an 8.51-fold higher prevalence of CMR in adolescents (95%CI 6.38-11.35). CONCLUSIONS: BR showed a stronger association with CMR. The inclusion of this classification may optimize the early detection of CMR in Brazilian health services, helping to prevent cardiometabolic disorders in this population. FAU - Nogueira, Maria Dinara de Araujo AU - Nogueira MDA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7843-9089 AD - Universidade Estadual do Ceara, Centro de Ciencias da Saude, Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Saude Coletiva, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil. FAU - Oliveira, Luis Felipe Nunes de AU - Oliveira LFN AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-6187-925X AD - Universidade Estadual do Ceara, Health Sciences Center, Centro de Ciencias da Saude, Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Nutricao e Saude, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil. FAU - Martins, Gessica de Souza AU - Martins GS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4033-4131 AD - Universidade Estadual do Ceara, Centro de Ciencias da Saude, Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Saude Coletiva, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil. FAU - Braga, Ribanna Aparecida Marques AU - Braga RAM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2122-5658 AD - Universidade de Sao Paulo, Faculdade de Medicine, Instituto do Coracao, Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Cardiologia, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. FAU - Lourenco, Eric Wenda Ribeiro AU - Lourenco EWR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2501-2641 AD - Universidade Estadual do Ceara, Centro de Ciencias da Saude, Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Saude Coletiva, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil. FAU - Bezerra, Ilana Nogueira AU - Bezerra IN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2072-0123 AD - Universidade Estadual do Ceara, Centro de Ciencias da Saude, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil. FAU - Maia, Carla Soraya Costa AU - Maia CSC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1535-6686 AD - Universidade Estadual do Ceara, Centro de Ciencias da Saude, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261019 PL - Brazil TA - Rev Paul Pediatr JT - Revista paulista de pediatria : orgao oficial da Sociedade de Pediatria de Sao Paulo JID - 9109353 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - *Cardiometabolic Risk Factors MH - Female MH - Brazil/epidemiology MH - Male MH - *Overweight/classification/complications/epidemiology MH - *Pediatric Obesity/classification/complications/epidemiology MH - *Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology/etiology PMC - PMC13682726 EDAT- 2026/10/23 18:31 MHDA- 2026/10/23 18:32 PMCR- 2026/10/19 CRDT- 2026/10/23 13:24 PHST- 2025/11/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/23 18:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/23 18:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/23 13:24 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0103-05822026000101031 [pii] AID - 10.1590/1984-0462/2026/44/2025342 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Rev Paul Pediatr. 2026 Oct 19;44:e2025342. doi: 10.1590/1984-0462/2026/44/2025342. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42912045 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261023 LR - 20261024 IS - 1678-8060 (Electronic) IS - 0074-0276 (Print) IS - 0074-0276 (Linking) VI - 121 DP - 2026 TI - Application of image analysis in the evaluation of blood feeding by Lutzomyia longipalpis using an artificial feeding system with synthetic membranes. PG - e260065 LID - S0074-02762026000105053 [pii] LID - 10.1590/0074-02760260065 [doi] LID - e260065 AB - BACKGROUND: Blood feeding is essential for the maintenance of laboratory colonies and for experimental studies involving sand fly-parasite interactions. However, artificial feeding systems for Lutzomyia longipalpis, the principal vector of Leishmania infantum, the etiological agent of visceral leishmaniasis in the Americas, remain limited by low engorgement rates and methodological constraints in blood meal quantification. OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the feeding performance of Lu. longipalpis on different membranes in an artificial feeder and applied an image-based approach to quantify blood meal size. METHODS: Females were fed either on anaesthetised hamsters (in vivo control) or using a Hemotek(R) artificial feeder equipped with chick skin (CHK), hydrated collagen membrane treated with plasma gel (COL+PG), or untreated hydrated collagen membrane (COL). Blood meal size was estimated through digital image analysis in Fiji/ImageJ using two regions of interest: whole abdomen area (AbdA) and red-coloured blood area (BldA). FINDINGS: Feeding rates were highest on live hosts (88.75%), followed by CHK (72.34%) and COL+PG (72.08%), whereas COL yielded significantly lower engorgement (54.67%). Although abdominal area was greater in females fed on hamsters, no significant differences in red-coloured area were detected among artificial membrane treatments. A strong positive correlation was observed between AbdA and BldA measurements (R(2) = 0.85), validating the image-based method. The use of plasma-treated collagen membranes achieved feeding rates comparable to CHK and was fully compatible with semi-automated image analysis. MAIN CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate that hydrated collagen membranes treated with plasma gel constitute a viable and ethically preferable alternative to bird-derived membranes for the artificial feeding of Lu. longipalpis, while image analysis provides a precise, reproducible, and practical method for blood meal quantification. Collectively, this approach refines laboratory experiments Lu. longipalpis and enhances methodological reliability in studies of sand fly biology and vector-parasite interactions. FAU - Costa, Lidiane Medeiros da AU - Costa LMD AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Departamento de Parasitologia, Laboratorio de Fisiologia de Insetos Hematofagos, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil. FAU - Sant'Anna, Mauricio Roberto Viana AU - Sant'Anna MRV AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2504-0979 AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Departamento de Parasitologia, Laboratorio de Fisiologia de Insetos Hematofagos, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil. FAU - Vaz, Laura Aquino AU - Vaz LA AD - Pontificia Universidade Catolica de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil. FAU - Cruz, Geisler Peixoto da AU - Cruz GPD AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Departamento de Parasitologia, Laboratorio de Fisiologia de Insetos Hematofagos, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil. FAU - Lara, Luisa de Melo AU - Lara LM AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Departamento de Parasitologia, Laboratorio de Fisiologia de Insetos Hematofagos, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil. FAU - Paula, Gabriel Davi Medeiros de AU - Paula GDM AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Departamento de Parasitologia, Laboratorio de Fisiologia de Insetos Hematofagos, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil. FAU - Araujo, Ricardo Nascimento AU - Araujo RN AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Departamento de Parasitologia, Laboratorio de Artropodes Hematofagos, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil. FAU - Gontijo, Nelder de Figueiredo AU - Gontijo NF AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Departamento de Parasitologia, Laboratorio de Fisiologia de Insetos Hematofagos, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil. FAU - Pereira, Marcos Horacio AU - Pereira MH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4843-0088 AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Departamento de Parasitologia, Laboratorio de Fisiologia de Insetos Hematofagos, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261016 PL - Brazil TA - Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz JT - Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz JID - 7502619 RN - 0 (Membranes, Artificial) RN - 9007-34-5 (Collagen) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Female MH - *Psychodidae/physiology MH - *Feeding Behavior/physiology MH - *Membranes, Artificial MH - *Insect Vectors/physiology MH - *Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods MH - Cricetinae MH - Collagen PMC - PMC13673989 COIS- The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/23 18:31 MHDA- 2026/10/23 18:32 PMCR- 2026/10/16 CRDT- 2026/10/23 13:24 PHST- 2026/02/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/23 18:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/23 18:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/23 13:24 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0074-02762026000105053 [pii] AID - 10.1590/0074-02760260065 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2026 Oct 16;121:e260065. doi: 10.1590/0074-02760260065. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42911592 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261023 LR - 20261026 IS - 2574-3805 (Electronic) IS - 2574-3805 (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct 1 TI - Emotion-Focused Behavioral Weight Loss Treatment for Adolescents: A Randomized Clinical Trial. PG - e2639867 LID - 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.39867 [doi] LID - e2639867 AB - IMPORTANCE: Family-based behavioral treatment (FBT) efficacy decreases in adolescence, a developmental period of gradual maturation and increasing autonomy during which emotion regulation skills develop. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of FBT alone compared with FBT plus emotion regulation across 6 months of treatment and 12 months of follow-up on adolescent weight change, emotion regulation, emotional eating, and parent weight change. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This parallel-group randomized clinical trial of adolescents 13 to 16 years of age with body mass index (BMI) in the 85th percentile or higher but less than the 99.9th percentile was conducted from August 29, 2019, to January 4, 2024, at 2 university clinics. Central randomization was completed by a statistician, and outcome assessors were blinded to treatment condition. The majority of treatments and assessments were delivered remotely via video conference due to the COVID-19 pandemic. INTERVENTIONS: FBT plus emotion regulation vs traditional FBT skills alone for weight loss. FBT included nutrition and physical activity education, behavior change strategies, and parenting skills. Both treatments had 6 months of adolescent and parent groups and behavior coaching sessions. The combined group included FBT skills and added dialectical behavior therapy and emotion-focused therapy. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The main outcomes were adolescent weight (body mass index [BMI] z score (BMIz) and BMI as a percentage of the 95th BMI percentile [%BMIp95]), emotion regulation skills (measured by Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale [DERS] scores), emotional eating behaviors (measured by Emotional Eating Scale [EES] scores), parent weight, and feasibility and acceptability of treatment. Primary outcome analyses used an intention-to-treat approach. RESULTS: A total of 166 (FBT plus emotion regulation = 84; FBT = 82) dyads (adolescents: mean [SD] age, 14.3 [1.2] years; 95 [57%] female; mean [SD] BMIz, 2.2 [0.6]; mean [SD] %BMIp95, 120.4 [21.4]; parents: mean [SD] age, 45.3 [6.5] years; 141 [85%] female; mean [SD] BMI, 32.6 [7.0]) were assessed at baseline, midtreatment, posttreatment, and 6- and 12-month follow-up visits. There were no statistically significant differences in posttreatment weight loss among adolescents receiving FBT plus emotion regulation compared with FBT (difference in BMIz, 0.03 [95% CI, -0.05 to 0.10]). However, adolescents in FBT plus emotion regulation did not regain as much weight at the 12-month follow-up (difference in BMIz, -0.09 [95% CI, -0.17 to -0.02]). At the 12-month follow-up, 4% (95% CI, 1%-12%) of adolescents in FBT and 22% (95% CI, 8%-48%) of adolescents in FBT plus emotion regulation lost a clinically significant amount of weight (>/=0.20 BMIz). At 12 months' follow-up, parent weight (difference in BMI, 0.51 [95% CI, -0.03 to 1.05]) and adolescent emotion regulation (difference in DERS scores, -0.06 [95% CI, -0.25 to 0.50]) did not differ by treatment. By contrast, the FBT plus emotion regulation group had lower scores than the FBT group on emotional eating (difference in EES scores, -0.39 [95% CI, -0.63 to -0.15]). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this randomized clinical trial of 166 parent-adolescent dyads, adding emotion regulation skills to FBT did not improve weight loss during treatment but was associated with less weight regain and lower emotional eating through the 12-month follow-up. These findings suggest that adding emotion regulation skills to an FBT program may attenuate weight regain and decrease emotional eating among adolescents. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03674944. FAU - Boutelle, Kerri N AU - Boutelle KN AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla. AD - Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla. AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego. FAU - Manzano, Michael A AU - Manzano MA AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego. AD - San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego. FAU - Pasquale, Ellen K AU - Pasquale EK AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego. AD - San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego. FAU - Strong, David R AU - Strong DR AD - Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla. FAU - Bernard, Rebecca S AU - Bernard RS AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla. FAU - Rhee, Kyung E AU - Rhee KE AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla. FAU - Eichen, Dawn M AU - Eichen DM AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla. FAU - Miller, Alec AU - Miller A AD - Department of Psychiatry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, White Plains, New York. FAU - Peterson, Carol B AU - Peterson CB AD - Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT03674944 PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20261001 PL - United States TA - JAMA Netw Open JT - JAMA network open JID - 101729235 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Behavior Therapy/methods MH - Body Mass Index MH - *Emotional Eating MH - *Emotional Regulation MH - *Family Therapy/methods MH - *Pediatric Obesity/therapy/psychology MH - Treatment Outcome MH - *Weight Loss MH - *Weight Reduction Programs/methods PMC - PMC13691656 COIS- Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Drs Boutelle, Eichen, and Peterson reported receiving grants from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) during the conduct of the study. No other disclosures were reported. EDAT- 2026/10/23 18:31 MHDA- 2026/10/23 18:32 PMCR- 2026/10/22 CRDT- 2026/10/23 13:05 PHST- 2026/10/23 18:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/23 18:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/23 13:05 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2855701 [pii] AID - zoi261080 [pii] AID - 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.39867 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JAMA Netw Open. 2026 Oct 1;9(10):e2639867. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.39867. PMID- 42910905 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261023 LR - 20261023 IS - 1536-7290 (Electronic) IS - 1536-7290 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 11 DP - 2026 Nov TI - Age-Related Patterns of Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs) Symptoms and Key Performance Factors in Adolescent Biathletes. LID - e70273 [pii] LID - 10.1002/ejsc.70273 [doi] AB - Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs) impairs health and performance, but age-related patterns in its emergence remain unclear. This study examines RED symptoms in adolescent biathletes at season-start and their link to end-of-season performance. A national cross-sectional study including prospective performance registration recruited biathletes to complete validated questionnaires, followed by clinical interviews if eating disorders (EDs) were indicated. Athletes >/= 18 years were invited for physical laboratory assessments. End-of-season results were retrieved from open records. Analyses were performed by elastic net regression to identify the most stable predictors of performance, which were finally included in a linear regression model. Seventy-two athletes (55% females) with mean (SD) age 17.8 (1.4) years, 13.3 (3.3) training hours/week, and representing median (min, max) tier 3.0 (2, 5) were included. Prevalence in symptoms of low energy availability (LEA) was 18%, REDs 32%, EDs 11% (20% among females), and of depression 15%. Among 28 athletes (43% female) completing laboratory assessments, 11% had low BMD and /= 18 years who completed laboratory testing, 11% had low bone mineral density, and up to 25% showed clinical metabolic abnormalities. Symptoms of REDs and mental health concerns were more common in females and were more prevalent in the older age groups, peaking around 18 years. Better end-of-season performance was linked to higher training volume, fewer absences due to illness or injury, and lower RED severity. Higher body fat percentage and cholesterol levels were associated with poorer results. The findings highlight the importance of regular health screening, education and coaching to safeguard young athletes. OABL- eng OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescent athletes OT - eating disorders OT - low energy availability OT - mental health OT - performance determinants EDAT- 2026/10/23 18:31 MHDA- 2026/10/23 18:32 CRDT- 2026/10/23 12:30 PHST- 2026/09/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/10/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/23 18:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/23 18:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/23 12:30 [entrez] AID - e70273 [pii] AID - 10.1002/ejsc.70273 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Sport Sci. 2026 Nov;26(11):e70273. doi: 10.1002/ejsc.70273. PMID- 42909757 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261023 LR - 20261026 IS - 2509-9280 (Electronic) IS - 2509-9280 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Oct 23 TI - Sensitivity of physeal-metaphyseal tractography correlations with height velocity for fractional anisotropy threshold selection. LID - 10.1186/s41747-026-00826-8 [doi] LID - 161 AB - OBJECTIVE: Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tractography of the physeal-metaphyseal complex (PMC) provides insights into skeletal maturation. Fractional anisotropy (FA) minimal and maximal thresholds of 0.15 and 1.0, respectively, are commonly used to reconstruct tracts; these values were developed for highly organized tissues and may exclude the less organized hypertrophic and transitional zones that drive growth. Whether lowering the FA thresholds better captures growth-sensitive features and correlates with annualized height velocity is unknown. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty-five healthy adolescents (20 boys; 12-17 years) underwent 3 T DTI of the distal femoral PMC. Deterministic tractography was performed using nine previously untested FA threshold combinations (FA_min: 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 paired with FA_max: 0.40, 0.50, 0.60) and a conventional threshold (0.15-1.0). Partial Pearson correlations between extracted metrics (tract FA, apparent diffusion coefficient [ADC], volume) and annualized height velocity were computed, controlling for Tanner stage. RESULTS: Tract ADC showed strong positive correlations with height velocity across all thresholds (r = 0.55-0.63). Tract FA showed consistent negative correlations (r = -0.38 to -0.45). Tract volume correlations were threshold-dependent: positive at lower FA_min thresholds (r = 0.33-0.37, at FA_min = 0.05) but attenuated or reversed at higher FA_min thresholds (r = -0.26, at 0.15-1.0). CONCLUSION: Tract ADC and FA are robust metrics of growth plate activity, insensitive to FA threshold selection. Tract volume associations with height velocity are threshold-dependent, with lower FA_min thresholds capturing growth-sensitive PMC tissue and lower FA_max excluding inactive PMC tissues. These findings underscore the importance of standardized tractography parameters in growth plate DTI studies. KEY POINTS: Question How can we prevent conventional DTI FA thresholds from underestimating growth-sensitive tract volumes in the pediatric PMC? Findings Lower FA thresholds accurately capture tract volume correlations with height velocity, while tract ADC and FA correlate reliably across all thresholds. Relevance statement Optimizing FA thresholds in physeal-metaphyseal-complex DTI improves microstructural imaging correlations with height velocity, ensures reproducible data in pediatric skeletal growth studies, enhances noninvasive skeletal growth monitoring in adolescents, and potentially supplements traditional bone-age radiographs. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Perdomo-Luna, Camilo AU - Perdomo-Luna C AD - Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. AD - MicroscopIA Research Group, MicroscopIA, Bogota, Colombia. FAU - Jaramillo, Diego AU - Jaramillo D AD - Department of Radiology, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Santos, Laura AU - Santos L AD - Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Mostoufi-Moab, Sogol AU - Mostoufi-Moab S AD - The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Galvis, Ingrid AU - Galvis I AD - Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Do, Huong AU - Do H AD - Department of Radiology, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Jambawalikar, Sachin AU - Jambawalikar S AD - Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Kammen, Bamidele AU - Kammen B AD - UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland, CA, USA. AD - UCSF Department of Radiology & Biomedical imaging, San Francisco, CA, USA. FAU - Kvist, Ola AU - Kvist O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8730-5901 AD - Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. ola.kvist@ki.se. AD - Department of Children's and Women's Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden. ola.kvist@ki.se. LA - eng GR - R01 HD104720/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States GR - SLS-984568/Svenska Lakaresallskapet/ GR - 5R01HD104720-04/National Institutes for Health (NIH) (US)/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261023 PL - England TA - Eur Radiol Exp JT - European radiology experimental JID - 101721752 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Diffusion Tensor Imaging/methods MH - Anisotropy MH - Adolescent MH - Male MH - Child MH - Female MH - *Femur/diagnostic imaging MH - *Body Height MH - *Growth Plate/diagnostic imaging MH - Sensitivity and Specificity PMC - PMC13694605 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Anisotropy OT - Cartilage OT - Diffusion tensor imaging OT - Growth plate OT - Magnetic resonance imaging COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) at Columbia University Irving Medical Center under protocol number AAAS9882. Informed consent to participate was obtained from all subjects (or their parents/legal guardians) involved in the parent study. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/10/23 18:31 MHDA- 2026/10/23 18:32 PMCR- 2026/10/23 CRDT- 2026/10/23 11:23 PHST- 2026/05/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/10/23 18:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/23 18:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/23 11:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s41747-026-00826-8 [pii] AID - 826 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s41747-026-00826-8 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Eur Radiol Exp. 2026 Oct 23;10(1):161. doi: 10.1186/s41747-026-00826-8. PMID- 42909552 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261023 LR - 20261027 IS - 1432-1076 (Electronic) IS - 0340-6199 (Linking) VI - 185 IP - 11 DP - 2026 Oct 23 TI - Heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia in Italian children: a road map through a single center's experience. LID - 879 [pii] LID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07535-9 [doi] AB - This study aims to evaluate the clinical, biochemical, and molecular characteristics of pediatric patients with suspected familial hypercholesterolemia (FH, OMIM #143890) and to investigate whether the presence of pathogenic low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) variants is associated with differences in lipid profile severity and treatment initiation compared with inconclusive genetic findings. We report the clinical, biochemical and molecular data of 382 patients diagnosed in a single pediatric center. Patients carrying pathogenic low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) variants exhibited significantly more severe dyslipidemia compared with those with inconclusive genetic findings, particularly in terms of elevated LDL-C, the hallmark of FH. No significant differences were observed in age, weight, height, or body mass index, confirming that lipid abnormalities are primarily attributable to genetic factors. Treatment uptake was higher in the pathogenic group, with 87% initiating statin-based therapy compared with 50% in the inconclusive group, suggesting that a confirmed genetic diagnosis may improve treatment adherence. CONCLUSION: Pathogenic variants in the LDLR gene are associated with a more severe lipid profile and a higher likelihood of initiating lipid-lowering therapy. These findings support the clinical value of genetic testing in familial hypercholesterolemia, both for improving diagnostic accuracy and for promoting earlier therapeutic intervention and adherence. WHAT IS KNOWN: * Familial hypercholesterolemia is a common, treatable genetic disorder, and early diagnosis with lipid-lowering therapy from childhood reduces lifelong cardiovascular risk. * Most cases of heterozygous FH are caused by pathogenic LDLR variants, but data on treatment uptake in children are limited. WHAT IS NEW: * In 382 Italian children, those with pathogenic LDLR variants had higher LDL-C than those with inconclusive genetic results. Their lipid profiles also differed depending on the exon and protein domain affected. * Treatment was started in 87% of children with a confirmed genetic diagnosis and in 50% of those with inconclusive results. This suggests that genetic confirmation may help families accept treatment. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Perrino, Daniele AU - Perrino D AD - Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Monopoli, Delia AU - Monopoli D AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-0014-7574 AD - Rare Diseases and Medical Genetics Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. delia.monopoli@opbg.net. AD - Department of Medicine and Surgery, Pediatric Clinic, University of Parma, Parma, Italy. delia.monopoli@opbg.net. FAU - Verrigni, Daniela AU - Verrigni D AD - Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Lorefice, Elisa AU - Lorefice E AD - Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Macchiaiolo, Marina AU - Macchiaiolo M AD - Rare Diseases and Medical Genetics Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Gonfiantini, Michaela Veronika AU - Gonfiantini MV AD - Rare Diseases and Medical Genetics Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Vecchio, Davide AU - Vecchio D AD - Rare Diseases and Medical Genetics Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Taurisano, Roberta AU - Taurisano R AD - Rare Diseases and Medical Genetics Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Novelli, Antonio AU - Novelli A AD - Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. AD - UniCamillus - Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, Rome, Italy. FAU - Bartuli, Andrea AU - Bartuli A AD - Rare Diseases and Medical Genetics Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Gnazzo, Maria AU - Gnazzo M AD - Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Buonuomo, Paola Sabrina AU - Buonuomo PS AD - Rare Diseases and Medical Genetics Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261023 PL - Germany TA - Eur J Pediatr JT - European journal of pediatrics JID - 7603873 RN - 0 (Receptors, LDL) RN - 0 (Cholesterol, LDL) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II/genetics/diagnosis/drug therapy/blood MH - Female MH - Child MH - Male MH - *Receptors, LDL/genetics MH - Italy MH - Adolescent MH - Child, Preschool MH - Heterozygote MH - Genetic Testing MH - Cholesterol, LDL/blood OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cardiovascular risk OT - Familial hypercholesterolemia OT - Genetic testing OT - Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol OT - Low-density lipoprotein receptor OT - Pediatric dyslipidemia OT - Statin therapy COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/10/23 18:31 MHDA- 2026/10/23 18:32 CRDT- 2026/10/23 11:05 PHST- 2026/06/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/10/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/10/23 18:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/23 18:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/23 11:05 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07535-9 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07535-9 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Eur J Pediatr. 2026 Oct 23;185(11):879. doi: 10.1007/s00431-026-07535-9. PMID- 42909075 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261023 LR - 20261024 IS - 2296-861X (Print) IS - 2296-861X (Electronic) IS - 2296-861X (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2026 TI - Cultural adaptation and validation of the SESMEB scale for assessing the influence of social media on the eating habits of adolescents in the city of Doboj, Bosnia and Herzegovina. PG - 1935743 LID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1935743 [doi] LID - 1935743 AB - INTRODUCTION: Marketing of foods high in fat, sugar and salt shapes the food preferences and intake of children and adolescents. The primary aim of this study was to culturally adapt and validate the Scale of Effects of Social Media on Eating Behavior (SESMEB) for assessing the influence of social media on the eating habits of adolescents in the Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and to examine whether this influence differs by sex, place of residence, nutritional status and school attended. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in six secondary schools in the city of Doboj in May 2023 and included 362 adolescents attending the third and fourth grades. The SESMEB scale was cross-culturally adapted into Serbian through forward and back-translation, expert panel review and pre-testing. Internal consistency was assessed by Cronbach's alpha and corrected item-total correlations, the factor structure by exploratory factor analysis, and test-retest reproducibility in a subsample of 14 respondents by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Group differences were tested by t-test and ANOVA. RESULTS: The adapted scale showed good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.865), with corrected item-total correlations from 0.346 to 0.638; the data were suitable for factor analysis (KMO = 0.857; Bartlett's test chi (2) (153) = 2312.380; p < 0.001). Exploratory factor analysis identified three subscales accounting for 51.5% of the variance, which could not be clearly separated. Test-retest analysis showed no significant difference between administrations (t = 0.552; p = 0.591; ICC > 0.7). Mean scores for all 18 items denoted no perceived influence, with 55.0-76.8% of respondents reporting no effect on their food-related attitudes and practices. Girls scored higher than boys for following nutrition-related content (p < 0.05) and for the increase in the desire to eat (p = 0.048); differences also emerged by place of residence (p = 0.041) and school attended (p = 0.008; p = 0.004). CONCLUSION: Adopted version of the SESMEB scale is a reliable instrument for assessing the perceived effects of social media on adolescent eating behavior. Most respondents reported no such influence, even though this population is intensively exposed to digital marketing of energy-dense products, suggesting that self-report may underestimate the actual effect of that exposure. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Stojisavljevic, Jotic Ivanovic, Mijovic, Nikolic, Niskanovic and Joksimovic. FAU - Stojisavljevic, Dragana AU - Stojisavljevic D AD - Department of Nutrition, The Public Health Institute of Republic of Srpska, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina. AD - Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina. FAU - Jotic Ivanovic, Marina AU - Jotic Ivanovic M AD - Department of Family Medicine, Primary Health Care Centre, Doboj, Bosnia and Herzegovina. FAU - Mijovic, Biljana AU - Mijovic B AD - Department of Primary Health Care and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of East Sarajevo, Foca, Bosnia and Herzegovina. FAU - Nikolic, Maja AU - Nikolic M AD - Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, Nis, Serbia. FAU - Niskanovic, Jelena AU - Niskanovic J AD - Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina. FAU - Joksimovic, Bojan AU - Joksimovic B AD - Department of Preclinical Subjects (Pathological Physiology), Faculty of Medicine, University of East Sarajevo, Foca, Bosnia and Herzegovina. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261007 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Nutr JT - Frontiers in nutrition JID - 101642264 PMC - PMC13683706 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SESMEB questionnaire OT - adolescents OT - eating behavior OT - food marketing OT - social networks COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/23 11:32 MHDA- 2026/10/23 11:33 PMCR- 2026/10/07 CRDT- 2026/10/23 07:21 PHST- 2026/07/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/23 11:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/23 11:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/23 07:21 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1935743 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Nutr. 2026 Oct 7;13:1935743. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1935743. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42908925 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261023 LR - 20261024 IS - 2296-2360 (Print) IS - 2296-2360 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2360 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Feasibility of exercise training to address corticosteroid-induced changes in adolescents aged 10+ with lymphoma or leukemia during the first eight weeks of treatment: a pilot study. PG - 1819451 LID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1819451 [doi] LID - 1819451 AB - INTRODUCTION: Children and adolescents with hematological malignancies are at risk of adverse side effects from high-dose corticosteroid treatment during induction therapy. In this context, exercise and nutrition interventions are promising, physiologically grounded approaches but their feasibility and practical delivery during early intensive therapy remain unclear. Therefore, this prospective pilot randomized controlled trial was designed to evaluate the feasibility and preliminary effects of an exercise intervention and nutrition consultation in newly diagnosed patients. METHODS: Participants with leukemia or lymphoma, aged 10-17 years, were allocated to an 8-week exercise or sham control intervention (stratified randomization, 1:1 ratio, parallel groups) plus one-time nutrition counseling. Feasibility outcomes included recruitment, retention, adherence, safety, completion of assessments, and subjective feedback from patients and personnel involved in the study. Furthermore, repeated measures of physical performance, functional capacity, metabolic health, and body composition were used to explore baseline status and changes over time, after four and eight weeks of therapy. RESULTS: Six participants, two of which were allocated to the intervention group, completed the trial. Overall rates of consent (67%), training adherence (51%) and complete measures (70%) did not attain prespecified criteria (>/=80%). Despite considerable variability, pilot data indicated reduced physical capacity and functioning inferior to healthy norms at baseline and over the course of the intervention including hand grip strength (DeltaZ +/- SD = -1.5 +/- 1.4), cardiorespiratory fitness (steep ramp cycle ergometry peak power; DeltaZ +/- SD = -3.8 +/- 1.2), and lower extremity muscle strength (5-times sit-to-stand test; DeltaZ +/- SD = 2.3 +/- 2.0), while having mostly normal quadriceps muscle and abdominal fat thickness and erratic unfavorable metabolic states. No formal exploration of intervention effects was performed. DISCUSSION: Limited feasibility opposed continuation to a definite trial. Respective challenges observed may reflect particularities of early treatment, thus, substantial changes are advised for future protocols (e.g., towards a more adaptive trial design). Besides their limited generalizability and variability, pilot data suggests that adolescents undergoing induction therapy can experience intermittent deconditioning, while other outcomes were inconclusive. Thus, future exercise interventions should account for various objections to exercise participation, heterogeneous medical conditions, and potentially impaired physical capacity and functioning, especially during early therapy. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: https://drks.de/search/de/trial/DRKS00032259, identifier DRKS00032259. CI - (c) 2026 Blumer, Erhard, Schanda, Tomaskovic and Dieckelmann. FAU - Blumer, Vera AU - Blumer V AD - Goethe University Frankfurt, Department of Pediatrics, Frankfurt (Main), Germany. FAU - Erhard, Sarah AU - Erhard S AD - Goethe University Frankfurt, Department of Pediatrics, Frankfurt (Main), Germany. FAU - Schanda, Nicola AU - Schanda N AD - Goethe University Frankfurt, Department of Pediatrics, Frankfurt (Main), Germany. FAU - Tomaskovic, Aleksandar AU - Tomaskovic A AD - Goethe University Frankfurt, Department of Pediatrics, Frankfurt (Main), Germany. FAU - Dieckelmann, Mirjam AU - Dieckelmann M AD - Goethe University Frankfurt, Department of Pediatrics, Frankfurt (Main), Germany. LA - eng PT - Clinical Trial PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261007 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Pediatr JT - Frontiers in pediatrics JID - 101615492 PMC - PMC13683610 OTO - NOTNLM OT - body composition OT - child OT - exercise therapy OT - leukemia OT - lymphoma OT - pediatric oncology OT - physical functioning OT - pilot study COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/23 11:32 MHDA- 2026/10/23 11:33 PMCR- 2026/10/07 CRDT- 2026/10/23 05:13 PHST- 2026/02/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/31 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/23 11:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/23 11:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/23 05:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1819451 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Pediatr. 2026 Oct 7;14:1819451. doi: 10.3389/fped.2026.1819451. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42908670 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261023 LR - 20261025 IS - 2773-0654 (Electronic) IS - 2773-0654 (Linking) VI - 5 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Dec TI - Beyond Accuracy: Machine Learning Models for Predicting the Presence of Permanent Molar Caries in U.S. Children and Adolescents With Fairness Consideration. PG - 100506 LID - 10.1016/j.focus.2026.100506 [doi] LID - 100506 AB - INTRODUCTION: Although predictors of dental caries have been previously explored, a comprehensive understanding of factors influencing permanent-molar decay in U.S. children and adolescents, especially with respect to racial and ethnic biases, remains limited. This study aims to develop and evaluate machine learning models incorporating algorithmic fairness to predict caries in permanent molars. METHODS: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed using the 2011-2014 cycles for training and validation and the 2015-2016 cycle for testing. The primary outcome was decayed, missing, and filled teeth in at least 1 permanent molar, dichotomized to represent the presence or absence of caries. Candidate predictors included demographic characteristics, dietary factors, laboratory and examination measures, behaviors, and lifestyle indicators. Three machine learning models (logistic regression, random forest, and XGBoost) were implemented and compared using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. Fairness was quantified by comparing group-specific true-positive rates and false-positive rates across race/ethnicity over 10 cross-validation folds, using Shapiro-Wilk tests and paired tests to assess subgroup gaps and pre/postmitigation changes. To mitigate disparities, an in-processing equalized-odds constraint was applied through an exponentiated-gradient reduction framework. Sensitivity analyses using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey weights were also conducted. RESULTS: Among 5,710 participants aged 6-19 years, 37.30% had caries in at least 1 permanent molar. Logistic regression achieved the highest premitigation area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (78.50%). SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) analyses identified age, family income, BMI, and household education as key contributors. Fairness evaluation indicated minimal equal-opportunity gaps but showed evidence of equalized-odds violations across race/ethnicity. After mitigation, race/ethnicity-related disparities decreased across models, with varying performance trade-offs. XGBoost and random forest maintained stable area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values in both unweighted ( approximately 77%-78%) and survey-weighted ( approximately 75%-77%) evaluations. In contrast, logistic regression showed a substantial decline in unweighted area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (78.50%-65.53%) and a marked reduction in recall and F1 score, whereas changes under weighted evaluation were more modest (77.91%-76.54%). CONCLUSIONS: Machine learning models effectively predicted dental caries in children and adolescents using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data. Applying equalized-odds constraints reduces disparities across models, although with varying fairness-performance trade-offs. These findings highlight the importance of tailoring bias mitigation strategies to clinical priorities, balancing equitable outcomes and predictive utility, and they can be used to inform policy and better design-targeted interventions to improve oral health. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). FAU - Deb, Pritam AU - Deb P AD - Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Kennesaw State University, Marietta, Georgia. FAU - Li, Lin AU - Li L AD - Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Kennesaw State University, Marietta, Georgia. FAU - Scherrer, Christina R AU - Scherrer CR AD - Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Kennesaw State University, Marietta, Georgia. LA - eng GR - R15 DE031428/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/United States GR - R21 DE032149/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260509 PL - United States TA - AJPM Focus JT - AJPM focus JID - 9918487585606676 PMC - PMC13683022 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Dental caries OT - children and adolescents OT - fairness OT - machine learning OT - prediction EDAT- 2026/10/23 05:32 MHDA- 2026/10/23 05:33 PMCR- 2026/05/09 CRDT- 2026/10/23 02:36 PHST- 2026/10/23 05:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/23 05:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/23 02:36 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2773-0654(26)00032-5 [pii] AID - 100506 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.focus.2026.100506 [doi] PST - epublish SO - AJPM Focus. 2026 May 9;5(6):100506. doi: 10.1016/j.focus.2026.100506. eCollection 2026 Dec. PMID- 42908574 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261023 LR - 20261024 IS - 2399-3529 (Electronic) IS - 2399-3529 (Linking) VI - 2026 IP - 4 DP - 2026 TI - In vitro incubation of human sperm does not change DNA methylation. PG - hoag079 LID - 10.1093/hropen/hoag079 [doi] LID - hoag079 AB - STUDY QUESTION: Is DNA methylation in mature spermatozoa affected by different culture media? SUMMARY ANSWER: Incubation of mature spermatozoa in hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) or palmitate for 24 h did not alter the DNA methylome. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Children conceived through ART face a higher risk of disorders linked to abnormal DNA methylation. As culture media can modulate DNA methylation in somatic cells, abnormal DNA methylation after ART may be caused by factors present in culture media during sperm incubation. STUDY DESIGN SIZE DURATION: Sperm from four donors underwent targeted shotgun proteomics analysis, focusing on protein size ranges that include epigenetic modifying enzymes. Additionally, sperm samples from 15 men were incubated for 24 h in either standard media, media with H(2)O(2), or media containing palmitate, two media known to induce acute DNA methylation changes in somatic cells. DNA methylation profiles of these incubated sperm samples were then compared to those of pre-incubation sperm using Reduced Representation Bisulfite Sequencing (RRBS). PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS SETTING METHODS: Sperm samples were obtained from 15 healthy Caucasian men aged 20-40 years. Participants using prescription medications daily or with a history of testicular disease were excluded. Motile sperm were isolated through the swim-up technique. Protein analysis was conducted via in-gel digestion followed by mass spectrometry. DNA methylation was evaluated using RRBS and validated for select genomic regions with targeted bisulfite pyrosequencing. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: Proteomic analysis returned 1930 proteins, including 144 newly identified proteins. Consistent with previous studies, we confirmed the presence of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), while de novo methyltransferases DNMT3A and DNMT3B were not detected. Incubation in control, H(2)O(2), and palmitate media all led to decreased sperm motility, with the decline occurring the fastest under the H(2)O(2) condition. Sperm DNA methylation remained unchanged across all three culture conditions. LARGE SCALE DATA: N/A. LIMITATIONS REASONS FOR CAUTION: RRBS analysis covers only a portion of the genome, so DNA methylation changes in unexamined regions cannot be excluded, particularly at repeated regions of the genome. Moreover, since this study tested only three culture media conditions, it remains possible that other media formulations could impact DNA methylation. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: This study indicates that the DNA methylome of mature human spermatozoa is stable despite the presence of DNA methylation machinery components. These results imply that DNA methylation changes in response to environmental stress are more likely to happen during earlier stages of spermatogenesis. While the various culture media used in ART are unlikely to alter the DNA methylation patterns of individual sperm cells, the possibility that certain sperm with specific methylation signatures are selectively favored cannot be ruled out. FUNDING: This work was supported by a Challenge Programme Grant from the Novo Nordisk Foundation (NNF18OC0033754) to the Gametic Epigenetics Consortium against Obesity (GECKO). The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research is an independent research center at the University of Copenhagen, partially funded by an unrestricted donation from the Novo Nordisk Foundation (NNF18CC0034900). This work was supported by the French Government (National Research Agency, ANR) through the 'Investments for the Future' programs LABEX SIGNALIFE ANR-11-LABX-0028-01 and IDEX UCAJedi ANR-15-IDEX-01. DISCLOSURES: R.B. is a recipient of research funding granted by the Novo Nordisk Foundation. E.A. is a shareholder of ExSeed Health Ltd. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. FAU - Kjoller, Emma Tykesson AU - Kjoller ET AD - Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Dumargne, Marie-Charlotte AU - Dumargne MC AD - Institut de Pharmacologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS, Inserm and Universite Cote d'Azur, Valbonne, France. FAU - Ingerslev, Lars Roed AU - Ingerslev LR AD - Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Manitta, Eleonora AU - Manitta E AD - Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Dehestani, Yasmin AU - Dehestani Y AD - Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Saupstad, Marte AU - Saupstad M AD - Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Gonzalez-Franquesa, Alba AU - Gonzalez-Franquesa A AD - Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Deshmukh, Atul Shahaji AU - Deshmukh AS AD - Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Andersen, Emil AU - Andersen E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6009-2099 AD - Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. AD - ExSeed Health ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Barres, Romain AU - Barres R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0158-519X AD - Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. AD - Institut de Pharmacologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS, Inserm and Universite Cote d'Azur, Valbonne, France. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260911 PL - England TA - Hum Reprod Open JT - Human reproduction open JID - 101722764 PMC - PMC13682945 OTO - NOTNLM OT - ART OT - DNA methylation OT - bisulfite sequencing OT - epigenetics OT - spermatozoa EDAT- 2026/10/23 05:32 MHDA- 2026/10/23 05:33 PMCR- 2026/09/11 CRDT- 2026/10/23 01:13 PHST- 2025/11/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/23 05:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/23 05:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/23 01:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - hoag079 [pii] AID - 10.1093/hropen/hoag079 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Hum Reprod Open. 2026 Sep 11;2026(4):hoag079. doi: 10.1093/hropen/hoag079. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42908560 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261023 LR - 20261024 IS - 2633-4402 (Electronic) IS - 2633-4402 (Linking) VI - 6 DP - 2026 TI - Designing a context-specific intervention in practice: learning from a school-based physical activity intervention. PG - 78 LID - 10.3310/nihropenres.14336.2 [doi] LID - 78 AB - BACKGROUND: Public health interventions need to be designed for the intervention setting. Traditionally, to maximise internal validity, school-based pupil physical activity interventions deliver an identical programme across all settings. However, an interventions' success will depend on the context in which it is implemented, i.e. a schools' social, cultural, economic, environmental and other characteristics. In this paper we use the development of the PASSPORT (Physical Activity via a School-Specific PORTfolio) intervention as a case study for the development of context-specific public health interventions. We outline how we developed the intervention and draw out key learning from this for public health interventions generally. METHODS: The PASSPORT intervention takes a portfolio approach that allows schools to select and deliver tailored intervention content that is most suitable to their setting. The intervention was developed across multiple research steps that were designed to progressively build knowledge on school context and physical activity and integrate these into intervention design. We outline these in the paper. Formative studies include: a scoping review of intervention components; school staff interviews; a rapid ethnography; and a school survey. These findings informed the co-design of the intervention tool with primary school staff and the development of the portfolio content. Finally, we conducted a pilot study in two schools to learn from both the delivery of the intervention and associated evaluation data collection. KEY LEARNING: Key learning for context-specific intervention design has been gathered around four areas: Ground intervention design in a range of data and insight, Centre contextual experience, Design for intervention flexibility and user autonomy, and, Build in processes to test and iterate. CONCLUSIONS: Each of the formative studies and the intervention design steps provided parts of the complex picture of intervention context and design needs. Combined, the results of the studies supported the development of a context-specific intervention. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 House D et al. FAU - House, Danielle AU - House D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6171-9922 AD - Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol Medical School, Bristol, England, UK. FAU - Howard, Abi AU - Howard A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-0613-3028 AD - Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol Medical School, Bristol, England, UK. FAU - Kent-Saisch, Simona AU - Kent-Saisch S AD - Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol Medical School, Bristol, England, UK. FAU - Porter, Alice AU - Porter A AD - Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol Medical School, Bristol, England, UK. AD - NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol, England, UK. FAU - Reid, Tom AU - Reid T AD - Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol Medical School, Bristol, England, UK. FAU - Morbey, Roger AU - Morbey R AD - Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol Medical School, Bristol, England, UK. FAU - Emm-Collison, Lydia AU - Emm-Collison L AD - Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, UK. FAU - de Vocht, Frank AU - de Vocht F AD - Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol Medical School, Bristol, England, UK. FAU - Salway, Ruth AU - Salway R AD - Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol Medical School, Bristol, England, UK. FAU - Jago, Russell AU - Jago R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3394-0176 AD - Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol Medical School, Bristol, England, UK. AD - NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol, England, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261008 PL - England TA - NIHR Open Res JT - NIHR open research JID - 9918333281906676 PMC - PMC13680835 OAB - WHAT THIS PAPER IS ABOUT: Programmes designed to support people's health need to be appropriate for the specific community they serve. For example, schools are a great place to support lots of children to be more active, but a programme needs to fit into the day-to-day life of a school for it to work well. Usually, health programmes are the same in each setting. But each setting is different, with different resources, people, equipment, and cultures. In this paper we describe how we designed a flexible programme that would be different in each school setting. We outline the steps we took to develop the programme and draw out key learning from this, to help other researchers who want to develop similar programmes. WHAT WE DID: We did several smaller projects to build up the information we needed to develop the flexible programme. These are described in the paper and include looking at current academic literature, doing interviews with school staff, spending lots of time in three schools, and doing a survey with many schools. We then took our learning from these projects to design the programme in workshops with school staff, and we used school knowledge and staff to develop the activities that make up the overall programme. We then tried out the intervention in two schools to learn from this. WHAT WE LEARNT: We learnt several key lessons that would be useful for other researchers who want to design a similar programme. 1) It was useful to have such a range of information to bring into the programme. 2) It was important to have the users, the people who would deliver the programme, at the centre of the programme development. 3) Designing the programme to be flexible was helpful, so that it could be different in each setting, and it was good for schools to be the decision-makers in this. 4) It was necessary to try out and improve the programme lots of times. OABL- eng OTO - NOTNLM OT - complex interventions OT - context OT - interventions OT - physical activity OT - public health OT - schools OT - settings COIS- No competing interests were disclosed. EDAT- 2026/10/23 05:32 MHDA- 2026/10/23 05:33 PMCR- 2026/10/08 CRDT- 2026/10/23 00:51 PHST- 2026/09/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/23 05:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/23 05:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/23 00:51 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3310/nihropenres.14336.2 [doi] PST - epublish SO - NIHR Open Res. 2026 Oct 8;6:78. doi: 10.3310/nihropenres.14336.2. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42908542 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261023 LR - 20261024 IS - 1664-2295 (Electronic) IS - 1664-2295 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Psychiatric comorbidities in pediatric epilepsy: a single-center retrospective study highlighting the burden of depressive symptoms. PG - 1951989 LID - 10.3389/fneur.2026.1951989 [doi] LID - 1951989 AB - INTRODUCTION: Epilepsy in the pediatric population is frequently associated with psychiatric comorbidities. Depression is of particular clinical significance given its elevated incidence and substantial impact on quality of life, treatment adherence, and psychosocial functioning. The prevalence of depression in children with epilepsy ranges from 7% to 14%, considerably higher than the 1-5% reported in the general pediatric population. The relationship between epilepsy and depression appears bidirectional: epilepsy predisposes to depressive disorders, and depression may increase seizure risk, suggesting shared neurobiological pathways. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of psychiatric symptoms in pediatric patients with epilepsy, with particular focus on depressive symptomatology, and to examine associations with etiological and clinical variables. METHODS: This retrospective study included 240 pediatric patients (aged 2-18 years) diagnosed with epilepsy between 2013 and 2024. Psychiatric symptoms were ascertained retrospectively from clinical records. Patients were categorized into two groups: those with an identified genetic and/or structural abnormality (G1, n = 60) and those without (G2, n = 180). Statistical analysis employed the chi-squared test and Student's t-test (p < 0.05). RESULTS: Psychiatric symptoms were identified in 30% of patients (72/240, 95% CI 24.2-35.8%). The most prevalent disorder was attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD; n = 30), followed by sleep disturbance/asthenia (n = 19), aggression/temper tantrums (n = 13), depressive/mood symptoms (n = 11), anxiety symptoms (n = 10), autism spectrum disorder (n = 6), eating behavior alterations (n = 4), self-harm (n = 4), adjustment/self-esteem features (n = 3), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD; n = 3), panic attacks (n = 2), and suicide attempts (n = 2). Psychiatric symptoms were significantly more prevalent in G1 (42%, 95% CI 29.2-54.1%) than in G2 (26%, 95% CI 19.7-32.5%; p = 0.03), corresponding to an odds ratio of 2.02 (95% CI 1.10-3.72). No significant associations were found between psychiatric symptoms and age, sex, family history, or treatment regimen. DISCUSSION: Psychiatric comorbidities, including depressive symptomatology, are common in pediatric epilepsy and likely associated with underlying neurobiological factors. These findings support integrating neuropsychiatric screening, using validated instruments such as the Children's Depression Inventory-2 (CDI-2) and the Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory for Epilepsy-Youth version (NDDI-E-Y), into routine epilepsy care. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 De Leonardis, Spalice, Verrotti, De Rosa and Aloisio. FAU - De Leonardis, Arianna AU - De Leonardis A AD - Pediatric Neurology Unit, Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy. FAU - Spalice, Alberto AU - Spalice A AD - Pediatric Neurology Unit, Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Verrotti, Alberto AU - Verrotti A AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy. FAU - De Rosa, Isabella AU - De Rosa I AD - Pediatric Neurology Unit, Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Aloisio, Simone AU - Aloisio S AD - Pediatric Neurology Unit, Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261007 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Neurol JT - Frontiers in neurology JID - 101546899 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Female MH - *Epilepsy/epidemiology/psychology/complications MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - Comorbidity MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Depression/epidemiology MH - Prevalence MH - Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/epidemiology PMC - PMC13683009 OTO - NOTNLM OT - ADHD OT - depression OT - epilepsy OT - pediatrics OT - psychiatric comorbidity COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The authors AS, AV declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision. EDAT- 2026/10/23 05:32 MHDA- 2026/10/23 05:33 PMCR- 2026/10/07 CRDT- 2026/10/23 00:36 PHST- 2026/07/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/23 05:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/23 05:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/23 00:36 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fneur.2026.1951989 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Neurol. 2026 Oct 7;17:1951989. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2026.1951989. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42907990 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261022 LR - 20261026 IS - 1471-230X (Electronic) IS - 1471-230X (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 27 TI - Influencing factors and individualized intervention strategies for inadequate bowel preparation before colonoscopy in high-risk populations: a review based on the clinical practice of painless colonoscopy in China. LID - 10.1186/s12876-026-05161-1 [doi] LID - 688 AB - BACKGROUND: Inadequate bowel preparation (IBP) significantly reduces the diagnostic accuracy of painless colonoscopy and increases complication risks. High-risk populations account for 28% of painless colonoscopy cases in China, with IBP rates ranging from 42% to 62%, but targeted nursing interventions remain underdeveloped. OBJECTIVE: To systematically analyze IBP-related influencing factors and evaluate the effectiveness of individualized nursing interventions for high-risk populations undergoing painless colonoscopy in China. METHODS: Literature searches were conducted across the MEDLINE (via the PubMed interface, Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang Data, and VIP from January 2020 to April 2024 using keywords related to bowel preparation, high-risk populations, and nursing intervention. Studies on Chinese high-risk populations undergoing painless colonoscopy were eligible if they reported IBP rate, bowel preparation score, or intervention adherence. RCTs, systematic reviews, and clinical guidelines were included. Two reviewers independently screened records, extracted data, and assessed methodological quality using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool, JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist, and AGREE II Instrument. Data synthesis involved descriptive analysis and random-effects meta-analysis. RESULTS: A total of 43 studies (32 RCTs, 7 systematic reviews, 4 guidelines) were included. Six high-risk populations were identified: obese patients (BMI >/= 28 kg/m(2)), patients with abdominal/pelvic surgery history, neurological disease patients, long-term medication users, children, and diabetic patients. Key influencing factors included gastrointestinal motility disorders, psychological anxiety, and medication interactions. Individualized interventions (e.g., dose-adjusted laxatives, nurse-led psychological counseling) reduced IBP rates by 23%-48% (pooled OR = 0.36, 95%CI:0.29-0.45, I(2)=45%). CONCLUSION: IBP in high-risk populations is driven by multi-dimensional factors. Context-adapted nursing interventions (e.g., WeChat-guided education, parental participation training) significantly improve preparation quality. Standardized protocols for primary hospitals and child-specific regimens are urgently needed. These findings translate into a risk-stratified, nurse-pharmacist-led preparation pathway that can be implemented immediately-especially in primary hospitals-to reduce IBP and improve safety. And these findings pertain to six high-risk populations-obese, post-surgical, neurological disease, long-term medication users, children, and diabetics-as predefined in the Introduction. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Lai, Huibin AU - Lai H AD - The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China. FAU - Sun, Ting AU - Sun T AD - The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China. 1195037@zju.edu.cn. FAU - Yu, Xiujing AU - Yu X AD - The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China. 2187007@zju.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20260727 PL - England TA - BMC Gastroenterol JT - BMC gastroenterology JID - 100968547 RN - 0 (Cathartics) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - China MH - *Colonoscopy/nursing/methods MH - *Cathartics/administration & dosage MH - Risk Factors MH - *Preoperative Care/nursing/methods PMC - PMC13688862 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bowel Preparation OT - Colonoscopy OT - High-risk populations OT - Nursing Intervention OT - Systematic Review COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study is a systematic review that synthesizes data from previously published studies (RCTs, systematic reviews, and guidelines). No original human subjects research was conducted, so formal ethical approval from an Institutional Review Board (IRB) or Approval Committee is not applicable. For the included primary studies (e.g., the 32 RCTs), informed consent from participants was obtained by the original study teams, as required by their respective IRB approvals. This systematic review did not involve direct interaction with human participants, and thus no additional consent to participate was needed. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/10/22 23:29 MHDA- 2026/10/22 23:30 PMCR- 2026/07/27 CRDT- 2026/10/22 22:36 PHST- 2025/10/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/22 23:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/22 23:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/22 22:36 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12876-026-05161-1 [pii] AID - 5161 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12876-026-05161-1 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Gastroenterol. 2026 Jul 27;26(1):688. doi: 10.1186/s12876-026-05161-1. PMID- 42907746 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261022 LR - 20261024 IS - 1471-2334 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2334 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 24 TI - Perceived fatalism regarding possible COVID-19 infection and its association with self-reported comorbidities in 12 Latin American countries. LID - 10.1186/s12879-026-14042-7 [doi] LID - 1852 AB - INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic has had substantial mental health consequences worldwide. However, evidence on perceived fatalism regarding possible COVID-19 infection, particularly in relation to self-reported comorbidities, remains limited in Latin America. OBJECTIVE: To assess perceived fatalism regarding possible COVID-19 infection and its association with self-reported comorbidities among participants recruited in 12 Latin American countries. METHODS: This multicenter analytical cross-sectional study used a non-probability online snowball sampling strategy from June to August 2020. The study included 6,530 participants from Peru, Chile, Paraguay, Mexico, Colombia, Bolivia, Panama, Ecuador, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Honduras, and Guatemala. Perceived fatalism was assessed using five items from a previously developed COVID-19 fatalism scale. The five-item overall score was the primary measure, whereas domain-specific analyses were considered exploratory because of their lower reliability. Self-reported respiratory disease, cardiac disease, diabetes mellitus, obesity, and other illnesses were analyzed as exposure variables. Adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using generalized linear models from the Poisson family with log link and robust variance. RESULTS: The median age was 22 years (IQR: 19-28), 58.8% of participants were female, 25.3% reported at least one comorbidity, and 55.0% of the sample was recruited in Peru. The five-item fatalism scale showed acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.707; McDonald's omega/Raykov's rho = 0.721). In adjusted models, high overall fatalism was more prevalent among participants reporting respiratory disease (aPR 1.17, 95% CI 1.05-1.30), cardiac disease (aPR 1.25, 95% CI 1.08-1.44), diabetes mellitus (aPR 1.32, 95% CI 1.09-1.61), obesity (aPR 1.23, 95% CI 1.10-1.37), and other illnesses (aPR 1.26, 95% CI 1.15-1.39). Men had a lower prevalence of high overall fatalism (aPR 0.88, 95% CI 0.83-0.94). Sensitivity analyses yielded materially similar estimates. CONCLUSIONS: In this non-probabilistic sample from 12 Latin American countries, self-reported comorbidities were associated with a modestly higher prevalence of perceived fatalism regarding possible COVID-19 infection. These findings should be interpreted as exploratory and hypothesis-generating, given the cross-sectional design, self-reported exposures, potential residual confounding, and the young, Peru-predominant, non-probability sample. They should not be interpreted as nationally representative estimates or as evidence of causal relationships. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Mejia, Christian R AU - Mejia CR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5940-7281 AD - Universidad de Huanuco, Huanuco, Peru. FAU - Vega-Useche, Camilo AU - Vega-Useche C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7064-1765 AD - Fundacion Santa Fe de Bogota, Bogota, Colombia. acamilovega@gmail.com. AD - Universidad Pedagogica y Tecnologica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia. acamilovega@gmail.com. FAU - Serna-Alarcon, Victor AU - Serna-Alarcon V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9803-6217 AD - Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego, Piura, Peru. AD - Hospital de la Amistad Peru Corea Santa Rosa II-2, Piura, Peru. FAU - Cedillo-Balcazar, Jamil AU - Cedillo-Balcazar J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1468-0628 AD - Direccion Provincial de Salud de Loja, Ministerio de Salud Publica, Loja, Ecuador. FAU - Chamorro-Espinoza, Scherlli E AU - Chamorro-Espinoza SE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1412-3872 AD - Asociacion Medica de Investigacion y Servicios en Salud, Lima, Peru. FAU - Yanez, Jaime A AU - Yanez JA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9713-1829 AD - Escuela de Posgrado, Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana, Campeche, Mexico. FAU - Davies, Neal M AU - Davies NM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7050-1471 AD - University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada. FAU - Useche-Villamizar, Dalia AU - Useche-Villamizar D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0594-023X AD - Universidad Pedagogica y Tecnologica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study DEP - 20260724 PL - England TA - BMC Infect Dis JT - BMC infectious diseases JID - 100968551 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *COVID-19/psychology/epidemiology/mortality MH - Male MH - Latin America/epidemiology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adult MH - Self Report MH - Comorbidity MH - Middle Aged MH - Young Adult MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Adolescent MH - Aged PMC - PMC13688888 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Comorbidity OT - Cross-sectional study OT - Fatalism OT - Latin America OT - Mental health COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval: This study was approved by the Research Bioethics Committee of Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego (Resolution No. 0237-2020-UPAO) and was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent: Informed consent was obtained electronically from all individual participants included in the study. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/10/22 23:29 MHDA- 2026/10/22 23:30 PMCR- 2026/07/24 CRDT- 2026/10/22 21:38 PHST- 2026/03/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/22 23:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/22 23:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/22 21:38 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12879-026-14042-7 [pii] AID - 14042 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12879-026-14042-7 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Infect Dis. 2026 Jul 24;26(1):1852. doi: 10.1186/s12879-026-14042-7. PMID- 42906735 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261023 IS - 1873-6351 (Electronic) IS - 0278-6915 (Linking) VI - 219 DP - 2026 Oct 21 TI - Revisiting the obesogenic potential of legacy pollutants: Epidemiological, toxicogenomic, and benchmark dose-based evidence. PG - 116468 LID - S0278-6915(26)00543-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.fct.2026.116468 [doi] AB - Legacy pollutants remain detectable in human populations despite decades of regulatory control, yet whether they continue to pose biologically relevant health risks under contemporary exposure scenarios remains unclear. Here we integrated epidemiology, toxicogenomics, and benchmark dose (BMD)-based risk assessment to re-evaluate the obesogenic potential of legacy pollutants in 665 adolescents. Among 97 quantified environmental chemicals in serum samples, hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and pentachlorophenol (PCP) were consistently identified as the principal contributors to overweight/obesity by generalized linear and weighted quantile sum models. Toxicogenomics, molecular docking, and adverse outcome pathway analyses indicate that both chemicals converge on endocrine and metabolic disruption and oxidative stress through key regulators including PPARgamma, INS, ESR1, TNF, and TP53. In vitro validation confirmed dose-dependent perturbations of obesity-related biomarkers, yielding biologically relevant points of departure through BMD modeling. Margin-of-exposure (MOE) analysis integrating these thresholds with human biomonitoring data revealed generally moderate-to-low risk for HCB, whereas approximately 4% of participants exhibited high-risk PCP exposure. These findings demonstrate that certain legacy pollutants remain biologically active and risk-relevant despite long-term regulation and highlight the value of integrating epidemiological evidence with mechanistic and quantitative toxicology for prioritizing chemicals of public health concern in the exposome era. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Li, Ming AU - Li M AD - State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Health Effects of Environmental Pollution, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China. FAU - Cao, Yan AU - Cao Y AD - State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Health Effects of Environmental Pollution, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China. FAU - Shi, Shiyu AU - Shi S AD - State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Health Effects of Environmental Pollution, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China. FAU - Wu, Fan AU - Wu F AD - State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Health Effects of Environmental Pollution, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China. FAU - Xie, Chang AU - Xie C AD - State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Health Effects of Environmental Pollution, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China. FAU - Song, Lulu AU - Song L AD - Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China. FAU - Wang, Youjie AU - Wang Y AD - Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China. FAU - Tao, Yun AU - Tao Y AD - Department of Obstetrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169, East Lake Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China. Electronic address: taoyun@whu.edu.cn. FAU - Mei, Surong AU - Mei S AD - State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Health Effects of Environmental Pollution, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China. Electronic address: surongmei@hust.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261021 PL - England TA - Food Chem Toxicol JT - Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association JID - 8207483 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Benchmark dose-based risk assessment OT - Environmental obesogens OT - Human biomonitoring OT - In silico approach OT - Legacy pollutants COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/10/22 23:29 MHDA- 2026/10/22 23:29 CRDT- 2026/10/22 19:55 PHST- 2026/08/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/10/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/10/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/22 23:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/22 23:29 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/22 19:55 [entrez] AID - S0278-6915(26)00543-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.fct.2026.116468 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Food Chem Toxicol. 2026 Oct 21;219:116468. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2026.116468. PMID- 42906500 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261022 IS - 1873-6297 (Electronic) IS - 0001-6918 (Linking) VI - 270 DP - 2026 Oct 21 TI - Move or sit: Preschoolers' in-kindergarten physical activity and its association with fundamental motor skills using AI-assisted movement assessment. PG - 107976 LID - S0001-6918(26)01777-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.actpsy.2026.107976 [doi] AB - This observational study examined physical activity (PA) across three kindergarten contexts and its association with fundamental motor skills (FMS), with a proprietary AI-assisted video/action-analysis tool used as a supplementary assessment aid. Fifty-seven children (61.11 +/- 12.73 months; range 45-81 months) from one kindergarten in Chengdu, China, were observed during morning exercise, organized physical education (PE), and free play using the Observational System for Recording Physical Activity in Children-Preschool Version (OSRAC-P); FMS were assessed with the standardized Fundamental Movement Skills Development Test for Children Aged 3-10 Years. The AI component was the proprietary "Xiaoneng Classmate" action-analysis platform developed by Chengdu Tixiaoneng Education Technology Co., Ltd.; manufacturer materials document AI-assisted action/video analysis and digital testing/data functions but do not disclose a public model architecture or study-specific validation metrics. Mean activity level was highest during morning exercise (3.29 +/- 0.09), followed by free play (2.94 +/- 0.40), and lowest during organized PE (2.46 +/- 0.26). Organized PE had the highest sedentary frequency (46.58% +/- 12.69%), whereas free play had the highest MVPA frequency (33.92% +/- 13.03%). To address multicollinearity in the original high-dimensional regression, parsimonious individual-level models adjusted for age, sex, and BMI and included MVPA during organized PE and free play. Organized-PE MVPA was positively associated with locomotor skill score (B = 0.471 per percentage point, HC3 SE = 0.141, beta = 0.407, 95% CI [0.187, 0.754], p = .002) and showed a weaker association with total FMS (B = 0.484, HC3 SE = 0.235, beta = 0.234, 95% CI [0.011, 0.957], p = .045); no PA predictor was significant for object-control or stability scores. Morning-exercise MVPA was not entered in the individual-level regression because it had no within-class variability. These findings are context-specific associations and do not establish causal direction. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Xu, Dongmiao AU - Xu D AD - School of Physical Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China. Electronic address: 2024227025001@stu.scu.edu.cn. FAU - Yang, Shunxiang AU - Yang S AD - Primary School Affillated to the Experimental High School of UESTC, Chengdu, 611730, China. Electronic address: shunxiangyang@163.com. FAU - Liu, Liu AU - Liu L AD - School of Physical Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China; School of Modern Service in Mianyang City College, Mianyang, 621000, China. Electronic address: liu_liu@scu.edu.cn. FAU - Gou, Jingpu AU - Gou J AD - College of Sports Training in Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, 610041, China. Electronic address: guojingpu@sina.com. FAU - Zeng, Hongguang AU - Zeng H AD - School of Physical Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China. Electronic address: 570959086@qq.com. FAU - Liu, Liling AU - Liu L AD - School of Physical Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China. Electronic address: lilingliu0209@163.com. FAU - Zhu, Liangyu AU - Zhu L AD - School of Physical Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China. Electronic address: zly0621@scu.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261021 PL - Netherlands TA - Acta Psychol (Amst) JT - Acta psychologica JID - 0370366 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - AI-assisted movement assessment OT - Fundamental motor skills OT - OSRAC-P OT - Physical activity OT - Preschool children COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2026/10/22 23:29 MHDA- 2026/10/22 23:29 CRDT- 2026/10/22 19:40 PHST- 2026/07/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/10/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/22 23:29 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/22 23:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/22 19:40 [entrez] AID - S0001-6918(26)01777-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.actpsy.2026.107976 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Acta Psychol (Amst). 2026 Oct 21;270:107976. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2026.107976. PMID- 42905621 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261022 LR - 20261024 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 10 DP - 2026 TI - Predicting mental health risk in adolescents using interpretable machine learning: Evidence from SHAP analysis. PG - e0359233 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0359233 [doi] LID - e0359233 AB - BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Adolescent mental health is a critical public health concern; however, the combined contribution of emotional, demographic, and behavioral factors to poor mental health remains incompletely understood. This study applied an interpretable machine learning framework to identify key predictors of elevated mental health risk among adolescents and characterize their relative and non-linear contributions. METHODS: Data were drawn from the 2021 Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS), comprising 16,946 U.S. high school students. Elevated mental health risk was defined using the YRBS current mental health item (Q85): reporting that mental health was not good most of the time or always during the past 30 days. The distinct 12-month sadness/hopelessness item (Q25) was retained as a predictor in the primary XGBoost model. The operating threshold was selected by maximizing the Youden index using five-fold out-of-fold predictions in the training set and was then locked before evaluation in the held-out test set. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) were used to assess feature importance and directional and non-linear patterns. RESULTS: Overall, 28.0% of adolescents were classified as having elevated mental health risk, with higher prevalence among females (39.9% vs. 16.9%) and peak prevalence at ages 16-17. The primary XGBoost model achieved an AUC of 0.806 and PR-AUC of 0.603. At the training-derived threshold of 0.285, accuracy was 0.749, sensitivity 0.754, specificity 0.747, and balanced accuracy 0.750. SHAP analysis identified sadness/hopelessness as the dominant predictor, followed by sex, sleep duration, screen time, and breakfast frequency. In a sensitivity analysis excluding sadness/hopelessness, discrimination decreased (AUC 0.736; PR-AUC 0.510). CONCLUSION: The revised primary model achieved balanced sensitivity and specificity above 0.700 using a threshold selected entirely within the training data. Sadness/hopelessness was the strongest predictor, while demographic and behavioral factors provided additional predictive information. Because sadness/hopelessness is conceptually close to the current mental health outcome and the data are cross-sectional, the model should be interpreted as an auxiliary risk-stratification tool rather than a standalone clinical screening or diagnostic instrument. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Jinsheng He. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - He, Jinsheng AU - He J AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-1923-0004 AD - College of Physical Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261021 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - *Mental Health/statistics & numerical data MH - Female MH - *Machine Learning MH - Male MH - Boosting Machine Learning Algorithms MH - Predictive Learning Models MH - Risk-Taking PMC - PMC13686505 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/10/22 23:29 MHDA- 2026/10/22 23:30 PMCR- 2026/10/21 CRDT- 2026/10/22 18:23 PHST- 2026/03/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/22 23:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/22 23:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/22 18:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-26-13446 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0359233 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 Oct 21;21(10):e0359233. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0359233. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42903563 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261022 LR - 20261023 IS - 2296-861X (Print) IS - 2296-861X (Electronic) IS - 2296-861X (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2026 TI - Feeding practices during high-flow nasal cannula: current evidence and clinical implications for respiratory care. PG - 1948830 LID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1948830 [doi] LID - 1948830 AB - High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy is increasingly used as a noninvasive respiratory support modality across acute and critical care settings. Although nutritional management is integral to the care of patients with respiratory failure, established guidelines for feeding patients receiving HFNC are lacking, and clinical decisions vary widely, reflecting persistent uncertainty about HFNC's effects on swallowing function, airway protection, and aspiration risk. This narrative review found that HFNC may alter swallowing biomechanics, particularly at flow rates >40 L/min, potentially increasing the risk of choking and aspiration. Evidence on aspiration risk is heterogeneous, deriving largely from healthy volunteers and pediatric bronchiolitis cohorts. Adult evidence is limited to retrospective studies; the largest found no increase in respiratory deterioration with enteral feeding. Most institutions lack formal feeding protocols, and practice is driven by individual clinician judgment. Areas of consensus include the safety of early enteral feeding in hemodynamically stable patients and the avoidance of routine prolonged withholding of nutrition based solely on HFNC use. Disagreement persists regarding routine swallowing assessment, optimal flow thresholds during feeding, and the prioritization of oral versus tube feeding. Safe feeding in patients receiving HFNC requires a multidisciplinary, individualized approach that balances respiratory support against nutritional adequacy. Prospective multicenter studies are needed to define safe flow thresholds, validate bedside assessment tools, and establish standardized feeding guidelines, particularly in adult and critically ill populations. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Alqahtani, Alkhelb, Alamri, Alqahtani, Alshehri, Ghazwani, Almarkhan, Alqahtani, Alenezi, Aldhahir, Siraj, Alqarni, Alwafi, Almarkhan, Salem, Alrabeeah, Alanazi, Alamoudi and Alghamdi. FAU - Alqahtani, Jaber S AU - Alqahtani JS AD - Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. AD - Research and Innovation Institute, Ministry of Defense Health Services, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alkhelb, Jood AU - Alkhelb J AD - Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alamri, Alaa AU - Alamri A AD - Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alqahtani, Leen AU - Alqahtani L AD - Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alshehri, Razan AU - Alshehri R AD - Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Ghazwani, Abdullah A AU - Ghazwani AA AD - Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Almarkhan, Hussam M AU - Almarkhan HM AD - Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alqahtani, Ahmed S AU - Alqahtani AS AD - Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alenezi, Meshal H AU - Alenezi MH AD - Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Aldhahir, Abdulelah M AU - Aldhahir AM AD - Respiratory Therapy Program, Department of Nursing, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Siraj, Rayan A AU - Siraj RA AD - Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alqarni, Abdullah A AU - Alqarni AA AD - Department of Respiratory Therapy, Faculty of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alwafi, Hassan AU - Alwafi H AD - Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Almarkhan, Sulaiman M AU - Almarkhan SM AD - King Fahad Military Medical Complex, Ministry of Defense Health Services, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Salem, Fahad A AU - Salem FA AD - King Fahad Military Medical Complex, Ministry of Defense Health Services, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alrabeeah, Saad AU - Alrabeeah S AD - Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alanazi, Faisal R AU - Alanazi FR AD - Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alamoudi, Asma O AU - Alamoudi AO AD - Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alghamdi, Saeed M AU - Alghamdi SM AD - Clinical Technology Department, Respiratory Care Program, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20261006 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Nutr JT - Frontiers in nutrition JID - 101642264 PMC - PMC13681048 OTO - NOTNLM OT - aspiration OT - deglutition disorders OT - enteral nutrition OT - feeding OT - high-flow nasal cannula OT - oxygen inhalation therapy OT - respiratory failure OT - respiratory insufficiency COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/22 17:33 MHDA- 2026/10/22 17:34 PMCR- 2026/10/06 CRDT- 2026/10/22 13:31 PHST- 2026/07/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/22 17:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/22 17:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/22 13:31 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1948830 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Nutr. 2026 Oct 6;13:1948830. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1948830. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42903273 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261022 LR - 20261023 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Lion Hearts: applying implementation mapping to plan the delivery of a family-based physical activity intervention in community CrossFit affiliates. PG - 1970725 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1970725 [doi] LID - 1970725 AB - BACKGROUND: Community-based physical activity interventions face challenges in adoption, implementation, and sustainability. Lion Hearts is a family-based physical activity intervention designed to promote cardiovascular health among mothers and children aged 3-6 years. This study applied Implementation Mapping during intervention development to identify implementation determinants and develop stakeholder-informed strategies for subsequent pilot testing. METHODS: The five iterative tasks of Implementation Mapping were applied through a co-design process with seven CrossFit affiliate owner-coaches: (1) conducting an implementation needs and assets assessment and identifying adopters and implementers; (2) specifying implementation outcomes, performance objectives, determinants, and change objectives; (3) selecting theoretical change methods and implementation strategies; (4) producing implementation protocols and materials; and (5) developing a prospective implementation-evaluation plan. Two 60-min co-design sessions were conducted approximately eight weeks apart. The first elicited barriers and facilitators to adoption and delivery within affiliate settings. Audio recordings were transcribed verbatim, and three researchers reviewed and coded both transcripts using structured matrices, supplemented by facilitator notes. Findings were synthesized using rapid qualitative analysis and integrated with behavioral theory and implementation science frameworks to identify implementation determinants and develop implementation strategies and materials. This study applied the five tasks of Implementation Mapping to identify implementation determinants and develop stakeholder-informed strategies, delivery supports, and a prospective evaluation plan for subsequent pilot testing. RESULTS: Stakeholders identified implementation determinants related to coach knowledge and self-efficacy, participant engagement and competing demands, class structure and flow, scheduling, staffing, equipment availability, and compatibility with affiliate workflows. These findings informed implementation strategies and delivery supports targeting affiliate owners and coaches, including coach training resources, structured session templates, class-flow guidance, and fidelity-monitoring tools. Performance objectives and an implementation logic model were developed to specify hypothesized pathways linking determinants and strategies to prospective implementation outcomes. An evaluation plan was developed to assess reach, adoption, feasibility, acceptability, fidelity, and maintenance during subsequent pilot implementation. CONCLUSION: Implementation Mapping and stakeholder co-design produced a theory-informed, contextually responsive implementation package for Lion Hearts. Although implementation outcomes have not yet been evaluated, the resulting strategies, materials, and prospective evaluation plan are positioned for testing and refinement in community fitness settings. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT07147387. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Watkins, Goss, Mehls, Marshall, Dlugonski and Downs. FAU - Watkins, Janette AU - Watkins J AD - Department of Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Development, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States. FAU - Goss, Janelle AU - Goss J AD - Department of Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Development, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States. FAU - Mehls, Kelton AU - Mehls K AD - Department of Health and Human Development, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. FAU - Marshall, Ali AU - Marshall A AD - Department of Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Development, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States. FAU - Dlugonski, Deirdre AU - Dlugonski D AD - Department of Health & Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States. FAU - Downs, Danielle Symons AU - Downs DS AD - Department of Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Development, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States. AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT07147387 PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261006 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Exercise MH - Female MH - *Health Promotion/methods/organization & administration MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Prospective Studies MH - Program Evaluation MH - *Family MH - Mothers MH - Pilot Projects MH - Male PMC - PMC13680431 OTO - NOTNLM OT - community fitness OT - family-based intervention OT - implementation mapping OT - implementation strategies OT - maternal health OT - physical activity COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/22 17:33 MHDA- 2026/10/22 17:34 PMCR- 2026/10/06 CRDT- 2026/10/22 11:51 PHST- 2026/08/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/22 17:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/22 17:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/22 11:51 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1970725 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2026 Oct 6;14:1970725. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1970725. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42902300 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261021 LR - 20261023 IS - 1471-2431 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2431 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 23 TI - Retrospective cross-sectional study of clinical and laboratory profiles of paediatric tuberculosis at Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia (2018-2021). LID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07391-4 [doi] LID - 1029 AB - BACKGROUND: Pediatric Tuberculosis (TB) remains a diagnostic challenge owing to its paucibacillary nature and diverse clinical presentation. We aimed to characterise the clinical pattern, diagnostic yields, and predictors of disease forms among children managed at Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (ACSH), Mekelle, Ethiopia. OBJECTIVE: To describe the disease form distribution, clinical features, and laboratory profiles of pediatric tuberculosis at a tertiary Ethiopian hospital, and to identify independent predictors of extrapulmonary and disseminated disease using multivariable logistic regression. METHODS: We conducted an institution-based, retrospective analytical cross-sectional study of 123 children (< 18) diagnosed with TB at ACSH between May 2018 and April 2021. From 180 screened charts, we excluded 57 cases (prior treatment n = 27, incomplete records n = 20, insufficient evidence n = 10). Using validated data extraction checklist, we analysed sociodemographics, clinical presentation, nutritional status, comorbidities, laboratory results (GeneXpert, ESR, haemoglobin), and TB disease forms via SPSS version 23, applying bivariable and multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS: The mean age was 8.8 +/- 5.3 years; adolescents (11-17 years) comprised 42.3% (n = 52). Females were slightly predominant (52%). Common presenting symptoms included fever (78%), weight loss (71.5%), and cough (55.5%). Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) affected 37.7% (n = 40/106), with the highest burden in children aged < 5 years (45.7%). Anaemia was prevalent in 62.7% (n = 74/118); ESR was elevated in 84% (n = 89/106). Extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) was the most common form (43.9%; 95% CI 35.2-52.9). GeneXpert positivity was 31.3%. Younger age was significantly associated with EPTB (p < 0.001); children aged 0-4 years had over 3.5 times higher odds of EPTB compared with adolescents (AOR 3.57; 95% CI 1.28-10.00; p = 0.015). CONCLUSION: Paediatric TB in this referral setting is characterised by high rates of extrapulmonary and disseminated disease, severe malnutrition, and low bacteriological confirmation. Younger age was independently associated with disease dissemination, a finding consistent with the immunological characteristics of early childhood. Early, age-stratified screening and adoption of more sensitive diagnostic tools are urgently needed in similar high-burden settings. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Girmay, Tekae Gebru AU - Girmay TG AD - Department of Pediatrics and Child health, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and health science, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia. FAU - Gossaye, Tariku Yigremachew AU - Gossaye TY AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-8137-1908 AD - Department of Pediatrics and Child health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Mizan Tepi University, Mizan Aman, Ethiopia. Tarikuyigremachew@gmail.com. FAU - Gebrihiet, Haftu Hailu AU - Gebrihiet HH AD - Department of Pediatrics and Child health, College of Medicine and Health science, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia. FAU - Tsegay, Niguse AU - Tsegay N AD - Department of Pediatrics and Child health, College of Medicine and Health science, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260723 PL - England TA - BMC Pediatr JT - BMC pediatrics JID - 100967804 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Ethiopia/epidemiology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Child MH - Male MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Adolescent MH - Tuberculosis, Extrapulmonary MH - *Tuberculosis/diagnosis/epidemiology MH - Child, Preschool MH - Infant PMC - PMC13685323 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Clinical profile OT - Diagnostic challenges OT - Ethiopia OT - Extrapulmonary TB OT - Paediatric tuberculosis COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was conducted in accordance the declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was obtained from Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the College of Health Sciences of Mekelle University (Reference No: MU-IRB/1864/21). Permission from Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital clinical director offices, support letter from chief clinical director obtained before the commencement of the study. Because this was retrospective chart review involving minimal risk to the participants, the requirement for informed consent from the parents or legal guardian of minors was formally waived by Mekelle University IRB. All patients' data were handled with strict confidentiality and were anonymized prior to Analysis. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/10/21 05:32 MHDA- 2026/10/21 05:33 PMCR- 2026/07/23 CRDT- 2026/10/21 00:43 PHST- 2026/03/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/21 05:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/21 05:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/21 00:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07391-4 [pii] AID - 7391 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07391-4 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pediatr. 2026 Jul 23;26(1):1029. doi: 10.1186/s12887-026-07391-4. PMID- 42900350 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261020 IS - 1933-7205 (Electronic) IS - 1933-7191 (Linking) DP - 2026 Oct 20 TI - Roles and Biological Effects of Polysaccharides in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Narrative Review. LID - 10.1007/s43032-026-02232-2 [doi] AB - Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) represents a prevalent and clinically significant reproductive-endocrine disorder among women of childbearing age. While dietary interventions, regular physical activity, and targeted lifestyle modifications have been validated to confer therapeutic benefits for PCOS management, polysaccharides key bioactive components of higher plants with extensive distribution throughout the plant and animal kingdoms exhibit distinct pleiotropic bioactivities, including anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, hypoglycemic, lipid-lowering, and anti-obesogenic properties. In the context of PCOS treatment, these natural macromolecules hold considerable promise for alleviating clinical manifestations, ameliorating insulin resistance and obesity, attenuating inflammatory responses, and restoring sex hormone homeostasis. Cumulative evidence from preclinical and clinical studies has demonstrated that polysaccharides can improve menstrual irregularities, reduce body weight, lower blood glucose and serum testosterone levels, and suppress aberrant inflammation. The present review systematically summarizes the multifaceted effects of diverse polysaccharide compounds on PCOS, aiming to provide insights into their potential as complementary therapeutic agents for this complex disorder. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Society for Reproductive Investigation. FAU - Ding, Ning AU - Ding N AD - Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China. FAU - Sun, Chang AU - Sun C AD - Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China. FAU - Wang, Haotian AU - Wang H AD - Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China. FAU - Lv, Yingchun AU - Lv Y AD - Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China. FAU - Han, Yanhua AU - Han Y AD - The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China. FAU - Kuang, Hongying AU - Kuang H AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-6885-7445 AD - The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China. 949304685@qq.com. LA - eng GR - 82374509，82174422/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - 2022CYCX0026/Longjiang Science and Technology Talent Spring Swan Support Program/ GR - LH2023H062/Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province/ GR - FCK-ZSYTW-08/China Special Research Fund for Obstetrics and Gynecology of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine/ PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20261020 PL - United States TA - Reprod Sci JT - Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) JID - 101291249 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Astragalus polysaccharides OT - Inulin OT - PCOS OT - Polysaccharides OT - Poria polysaccharides COIS- Declarations. Consent for Publication: Not applicable. Ethics Approval: Not applicable. Consent to Participate: Not applicable. Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/10/20 17:34 MHDA- 2026/10/20 17:34 CRDT- 2026/10/20 14:46 PHST- 2026/01/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/20 17:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/20 17:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/20 14:46 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s43032-026-02232-2 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s43032-026-02232-2 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Reprod Sci. 2026 Oct 20. doi: 10.1007/s43032-026-02232-2. PMID- 42900083 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261020 IS - 2155-384X (Electronic) IS - 2155-384X (Linking) DP - 2026 Oct 20 TI - Non-invasive fibrosis tests in Wilson Disease: Insights from the international Wilson Disease Registry and Barcelona Cohort. LID - 10.14309/ctg.0000000000001121 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Non-invasive tests (NITs) accurately detect fibrosis and may reduce the need for liver biopsy (LB). Detection of advanced fibrosis (>/=F3) is clinically important for prognosis, but few studies have explored the use of NITs in patients with Wilson Disease (WD). METHODS: In this multicentre observational study, adult and pediatric WD patients from seven international expert centers with histologic fibrosis staging were included. NITs (Transient elastography (TE), Fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4), AST to platelet-ratio (APRI), Steatosis-associated fibrosis estimator (SAFE), and NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS)) and clinical data were collected. NITs were compared with liver biopsy (LB) to detect advanced fibrosis (>/=F3). RESULTS: In total, 123 patients were included: median age was 30 years (IQR 17.4, 43.1); time from WD diagnosis to LB was 6.7 months (0.7, 144.1); 30.9% had advanced fibrosis (>/=F3), while concomitant metabolic risk factors (obesity and diabetes) were rare. Overall, 64 patients had NITs measured within 1 year of the LB and constituted the primary analysis group. All NITs, except FIB-4, were significantly elevated in patients with >/=F3. TE had the best overall accuracy (AUC=0.79), and performed well at an optimized cut-off of >/=8.35 kPa (sens=0.88, spec=0.85). APRI had lower accuracy, but effectively ruled out >/=F3 at the optimized cut-off of >/=1.3 (AUC=0.71, sens=0.38, spec=1.00). Combining those into a score (APRITE) achieved an AUC of 0.88. DISCUSSION: TE demonstrated good diagnostic performance for identifying advanced fibrosis in WD. APRI showed high specificity, while the exploratory APRITE score showed encouraging performance. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, LLC. on behalf of The American College of Gastroenterology. FAU - Lauridsen Kirk, Frederik Teicher AU - Lauridsen Kirk FT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3058-9042 AD - Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark. AD - Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. FAU - Marino, Zoe AU - Marino Z AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6321-9534 AD - Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERehd, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - ERN-RARE Liver, Hamburg, Germany. FAU - To, Uyen Kim AU - To UK AD - Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Yale University Medical Center, New Haven (CT), US. FAU - Ulcay, Asim AU - Ulcay A AD - Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Yale University Medical Center, New Haven (CT), US. FAU - Maras, Hatice AU - Maras H AD - Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Yale University Medical Center, New Haven (CT), US. FAU - Keserci, Sefa AU - Keserci S AD - Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Yale University Medical Center, New Haven (CT), US. FAU - Maciejewski, Kaitlin AU - Maciejewski K AD - Yale Center for Analytical Sciences, Yale University, New Haven (CT), US. FAU - Mohr, Isabelle AU - Mohr I AD - Internal Medicine IV, Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany. FAU - Gonzalez-Peralta, Regino P AU - Gonzalez-Peralta RP AD - Advanced Hepatology and Liver Transplant, AdventHealth for Children, AdventHealth Transplant Institute, Orlando (FL), US. FAU - Harpavat, Sanjiv AU - Harpavat S AD - Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (TX), United States. FAU - Lens, Sabela AU - Lens S AD - Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERehd, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - ERN-RARE Liver, Hamburg, Germany. FAU - Londono, Maria-Carlota AU - Londono MC AD - Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERehd, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - ERN-RARE Liver, Hamburg, Germany. FAU - Hahn, Sihoun AU - Hahn S AD - Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle (WA), United States. FAU - Sandahl, Thomas Damgaard AU - Sandahl TD AD - Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark. AD - Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. AD - ERN-RARE Liver, Hamburg, Germany. FAU - Deng, Yanhong AU - Deng Y AD - Yale Center for Analytical Sciences, Yale University, New Haven (CT), US. FAU - Diaz, Alba AU - Diaz A AD - Pathology Department, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERehd, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Schilsky, Michael L AU - Schilsky ML AD - Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Yale University Medical Center, New Haven (CT), US. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261020 PL - United States TA - Clin Transl Gastroenterol JT - Clinical and translational gastroenterology JID - 101532142 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Chronic advanced liver disease OT - Liver stiffness OT - Rare liver diseases OT - Transient Elastography OT - compensated advanced chronic liver disease (cACLD) EDAT- 2026/10/20 17:34 MHDA- 2026/10/20 17:34 CRDT- 2026/10/20 14:26 PHST- 2026/06/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/10/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/20 17:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/20 17:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/20 14:26 [entrez] AID - 01720094-990000000-00660 [pii] AID - 10.14309/ctg.0000000000001121 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Clin Transl Gastroenterol. 2026 Oct 20. doi: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000001121. PMID- 42898497 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261020 LR - 20261022 IS - 2667-3681 (Electronic) IS - 2667-3681 (Linking) VI - 20 DP - 2026 Dec TI - Content validation of the Eating Behavior and Appetite Questionnaire (EBAQ) in adolescents with obesity or overweight. PG - 100342 LID - 10.1016/j.obpill.2026.100342 [doi] LID - 100342 AB - BACKGROUND: Obesity in children and adolescents is a growing global concern. Changes in appetite and eating behaviors are clinically relevant outcomes for long-term management of obesity. The Eating Behavior and Appetite Questionnaire (EBAQ) was developed as existing patient-reported outcome measures do not comprehensively capture concepts important to individuals with obesity. Its content and psychometric validity have been demonstrated in adults; this study evaluated the content validity of the 17-item EBAQ in adolescents with obesity or overweight. METHODS: This cross-sectional qualitative study included US-based adolescents (12-17 years) with obesity or with overweight and >/=1 obesity-related complication. Cognitive interviews were conducted via telephone/teleconference using a semi-structured interview guide. Participants completed the EBAQ and provided feedback on its relevance, clarity, and comprehensiveness. Transcripts were coded using a coding framework. RESULTS: Fifteen adolescents (mean age, 14.7 years; mean body-mass index, 33.6 kg/m(2)) participated. Most (12/15, 80%) had not received obesity management medications (OMMs). All (15/15, 100%) understood the instructions and recall period, and 14/15 (93%) understood the response options. Each item was understood by >/= 80% of the participants (>/=12/15), except for Item 5 ('Appetite was controlled'). Item 5 was understood by all participants who had received OMMs (n = 3) but only a few of the treatment-naive participants (n = 4), suggesting more relevance for those on treatment. Each item was deemed relevant by >/= 54% of the participants (>/=7/15), except Item 17 ('Eating because stressed') which was considered relevant by 46% (6/13) of the participants. Overall, most participants (11/15, 73%) found the EBAQ well-structured, easy to understand and complete, and relevant. CONCLUSION: Findings support the conceptual relevance, clarity, and appropriateness of the 17-item EBAQ for adolescents with obesity or overweight. The EBAQ may be used to assess appetite and eating behavior outcomes in adolescents with obesity or overweight in clinical trials and observational studies. CI - (c) 2026 The Authors. FAU - Kanu, Chisom AU - Kanu C AD - Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA. FAU - Clucas, Claudine AU - Clucas C AD - Patient-Centered Research, Evidera, PPD Clinical Research Business of Thermo Fisher Scientific, London, UK. FAU - Gibble, Theresa Hunter AU - Gibble TH AD - Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA. FAU - Samuelson, Ashley AU - Samuelson A AD - Patient-Centered Research, Evidera, PPD Clinical Research Business of Thermo Fisher Scientific, Wilmington, NC, USA. FAU - Karn, Hayley AU - Karn H AD - Patient-Centered Research, Evidera, PPD Clinical Research Business of Thermo Fisher Scientific, London, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261007 PL - United States TA - Obes Pillars JT - Obesity pillars JID - 9918697364706676 PMC - PMC13678099 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescents OT - Appetite OT - Content validation OT - Eating behavior OT - Obesity OT - Patient-reported outcomes COIS- CK and THG are employees and shareholders of Eli Lilly and Company, which funded this study. CC, AS, and HK are current employees of Evidera, which was paid by Eli Lilly and Company to conduct this study. The Eating Behavior and Appetite Questionnaire (EBAQ) is copyrighted by Eli Lilly and Company and is free for use once permission is obtained. For permission to reproduce or use the EBAQ, contact copyright@lilly.com. EDAT- 2026/10/20 11:33 MHDA- 2026/10/20 11:34 PMCR- 2026/10/07 CRDT- 2026/10/20 08:46 PHST- 2026/07/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/10/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/10/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/20 11:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/20 11:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/20 08:46 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2667-3681(26)00098-7 [pii] AID - 100342 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.obpill.2026.100342 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Obes Pillars. 2026 Oct 7;20:100342. doi: 10.1016/j.obpill.2026.100342. eCollection 2026 Dec. PMID- 42897955 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261020 IS - 1879-3479 (Electronic) IS - 0020-7292 (Linking) DP - 2026 Oct 19 TI - Association between atherogenic index of plasma at 11-20 weeks of gestation and gestational diabetes risk: A prospective cohort study in China. LID - 10.1002/ijgo.71417 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Recent studies have linked insulin resistance and the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus to the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP). This integrated lipid marker reflects cardiovascular risk and atherogenic dyslipidemia. However, its relationship with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is not completely understood. This study aimed to evaluate the association between AIP measured at 11-20 weeks of gestation and the subsequent risk of GDM and to identify the optimal AIP threshold for GDM prediction. METHODS: A total of 2068 women with singleton pregnancies were included in this prospective cohort study from the Tongji Maternal and Child Health Cohort. AIP was calculated from fasting triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) measurements obtained at 11-20 weeks of gestation, before GDM diagnosis by 75-g oral glucose tolerance test at 24-28 weeks of gestation. Subgroup analysis, restricted cubic spline models, and multivariable logistic regression were used to assess the relationship between GDM and AIP. The predictive performance of AIP alone and in combination with maternal age, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was compared via receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. RESULTS: Gestational diabetes mellitus was diagnosed in 252 participants (12.3%). Women in the highest AIP quartile demonstrated a substantially higher risk than those in the lowest quartile (adjusted odds ratio 2.56; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.63-4.01; P < 0.001), and higher AIP levels were associated with a progressively higher risk of GDM. AIP and GDM risk were found to be significantly positively correlated (P for overall association <0.001), with no statistically significant evidence of nonlinearity (P for nonlinearity = 0.700), as assessed by restricted cubic spline analysis. Based on the maximum Youden index, an AIP value equal to 0.091 was determined to be the ideal cut-off for GDM prediction. A multivariable model incorporating AIP, pre-pregnancy BMI, maternal age, and LDL-C showed improved discriminative ability compared with AIP alone (area under the curve 0.69; 95% CI 0.66-0.73). CONCLUSION: Elevated AIP levels at 11-20 weeks of gestation were independently associated with an increased risk of GDM. Importantly, the inclusion of AIP alongside established maternal risk factors enhanced predictive accuracy. The findings of this study indicate that AIP might serve as a useful adjunctive biomarker in early antenatal screening to identify women at heightened risk for GDM. CI - (c) 2026 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics. FAU - Kong, Man AU - Kong M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9960-1556 AD - Department of Medical Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China. FAU - Zhong, Chunrong AU - Zhong C AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China. FAU - Gao, Qin AU - Gao Q AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China. FAU - Li, Qian AU - Li Q AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China. FAU - Xiong, Guoping AU - Xiong G AD - Department of Obstetrics, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China. FAU - Hao, Liping AU - Hao L AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China. FAU - Yang, Xuefeng AU - Yang X AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China. FAU - Lu, Zhongxin AU - Lu Z AD - Department of Medical Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China. FAU - Yang, Nianhong AU - Yang N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1671-8028 AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China. LA - eng GR - 2013FY114200/National Program on Basic Research Project of China/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261019 PL - United States TA - Int J Gynaecol Obstet JT - International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics JID - 0210174 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - atherogenic index of plasma OT - early pregnancy OT - gestational diabetes mellitus OT - lipid metabolism OT - prospective cohort EDAT- 2026/10/20 05:30 MHDA- 2026/10/20 05:30 CRDT- 2026/10/20 03:04 PHST- 2026/09/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/20 05:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/20 05:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/20 03:04 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/ijgo.71417 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2026 Oct 19. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.71417. PMID- 42897535 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261020 LR - 20261022 IS - 1471-2393 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2393 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 23 TI - Serum biomarkers and their association with disease severity and perinatal outcomes in preeclampsia: a retrospective study. LID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09691-0 [doi] LID - 1187 AB - BACKGROUND: To investigate the associations of pre-delivery serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN), uric acid (UA), cystatin C (CysC), and serum calcium levels with the occurrence of preeclampsia (PE), disease severity, and birth weight, and to evaluate their discriminatory performance in distinguishing severe preeclampsia (sPE) from PE. METHODS: A total of 328 women with singleton pregnancies who delivered at our hospital between January 2020 and December 2022 and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were retrospectively enrolled, including 113 women in the normal pregnancy group, 125 in the PE group, and 90 in the sPE group. Maternal demographic characteristics, gestational age at blood sampling, gestational age at delivery, birth weight and related perinatal outcomes, blood pressure measurements, and laboratory parameters were collected. Multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the associations between the major laboratory biomarkers and the occurrence of PE and sPE after adjustment for maternal age, body mass index (BMI), nulliparity, assisted reproductive technology (ART) conception, and gestational age at blood sampling. Spearman correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to assess the associations between the major laboratory biomarkers and birth weight after further adjustment for gestational age at delivery. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the discriminatory performance of the major laboratory biomarkers and the combined model consisting of BUN, UA, and CysC in distinguishing sPE from PE. The calibration and clinical utility of the combined model were further evaluated using the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test, calibration plots, and decision curve analysis (DCA). RESULTS: Significant differences in BUN, UA, CysC, and serum calcium levels were observed among the three groups. After adjustment for maternal age, BMI, nulliparity, ART conception, and gestational age at blood sampling, elevated BUN, UA, and CysC levels were independently associated with the occurrence of PE, with odds ratios (ORs) of 3.057, 4.432, and 6.738, respectively (all P < 0.001). Higher serum calcium levels were associated with a lower risk of PE (OR = 0.733, P = 0.019). Among women with PE, only UA remained significantly associated with sPE after adjustment for the above confounding factors (OR = 1.444, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.056-1.975, P = 0.021). Correlation analyses showed that BUN, UA, and CysC were negatively correlated with birth weight, whereas serum calcium was not significantly associated with birth weight. After further adjustment for gestational age at delivery, only BUN and UA remained significantly associated with reduced birth weight. ROC analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) values for BUN, UA, CysC, and serum calcium (evaluated in the lower-value direction) in distinguishing sPE from PE were 0.610, 0.626, 0.567, and 0.590, respectively. The combined model including BUN, UA, and CysC yielded an AUC of 0.627, with a sensitivity of 37.8%, specificity of 87.2%, positive predictive value of 68.0%, and negative predictive value of 66.1%. The Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test indicated no significant lack of model fit, and decision curve analysis demonstrated that the combined model provided greater net benefit than the treat-all and treat-none strategies across a threshold probability range of approximately 0.34-0.66. CONCLUSIONS: Pre-delivery levels of BUN, UA, CysC, and serum calcium were associated with the occurrence of PE, with UA being independently associated with sPE. BUN and UA remained associated with reduced birth weight after adjustment for gestational age at delivery. However, the discriminatory performance of UA, the other individual biomarkers, and the combined model for distinguishing sPE from PE was limited, and they should not be used alone to determine disease severity. Markedly elevated UA levels may help identify women with PE who require closer clinical monitoring; however, disease severity should still be comprehensively assessed based on blood pressure, proteinuria, clinical symptoms, and evidence of organ dysfunction. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Feng, Chong AU - Feng C AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. FAU - Hou, Meng AU - Hou M AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. 1770728313@qq.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260723 PL - England TA - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth JT - BMC pregnancy and childbirth JID - 100967799 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 268B43MJ25 (Uric Acid) RN - SY7Q814VUP (Calcium) RN - 0 (Cystatin C) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *Pre-Eclampsia/blood/diagnosis MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Adult MH - Uric Acid/blood MH - Birth Weight MH - Severity of Illness Index MH - Blood Urea Nitrogen MH - Calcium/blood MH - Cystatin C/blood MH - ROC Curve MH - Pregnancy Outcome MH - Gestational Age MH - Infant, Newborn PMC - PMC13681745 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Birth weight OT - Blood urea nitrogen OT - Cystatin C OT - Preeclampsia OT - Serum calcium OT - Uric acid COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University (approval number: TREC2025-KY107). All procedures were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The requirement for informed consent was handled in accordance with the approval and regulations of the ethics committee. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/10/20 05:30 MHDA- 2026/10/20 05:31 PMCR- 2026/07/23 CRDT- 2026/10/20 00:41 PHST- 2026/05/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/20 05:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/20 05:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/20 00:41 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09691-0 [pii] AID - 9691 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09691-0 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2026 Jul 23;26(1):1187. doi: 10.1186/s12884-026-09691-0. PMID- 42896087 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261019 LR - 20261022 IS - 1460-2083 (Electronic) IS - 0964-6906 (Print) IS - 0964-6906 (Linking) VI - 35 IP - 21 DP - 2026 Oct 13 TI - The monogenic forms of obesity in Saudi families. LID - 10.1093/hmg/ddag054 [doi] LID - ddag054 AB - BACKGROUND: Obesity is a multifactorial disorder with a substantial yet incompletely defined genetic component. Rare monogenic variants, particularly in consanguineous populations, may account for part of the 'missing heritability.' OBJECTIVES: To delineate the genetic contribution to severe obesity in individuals from Saudi Arabia by pinpointing known and novel monogenic variants in families presenting with extreme phenotypes. METHODS: Eight multiplex Saudi families (each comprising 9 members; range: lean body weight to severe obesity) were enrolled. Adults had a BMI of >/=30 kg/m2; children exceeded the 90th percentile (overweight) or the 97th percentile (obese). Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed on samples collected from two children in each family, including one child with obesity and one control child without obesity. Variant calling files were filtered for quality, frequency < 1%, and predicted functional impact. Candidate loci were prioritized using Moon (Diploid) software and manual curation, then validated by Sanger sequencing. RESULTS: Initial filtering revealed 40 rare, potentially pathogenic variants in 35 genes shared among affected relatives. Prioritization highlighted 28 variants in 19 candidate genes, encompassing established obesity-related genes (e.g. LEPR, MC4R, BDNF) and putative novel loci linked to appetite regulation, lipid metabolism, and energy balance. Segregation analysis identified both heterozygous and homozygous variants across affected individuals, reflecting variability in inheritance patterns. Seven previously reported candidate genes did not show pathogenic variants in this cohort. Carriers of prioritized variants exhibited significantly higher BMI z-scores than non-carriers (P < 0.01), underscoring a clear genotype-phenotype correlation. CONCLUSION: This study broadens the catalog of genes associated with obesity in the Saudi population and demonstrates the value of studying extreme phenotypes in consanguineous families. Both previously recognized and novel variants were identified in association with severe, early-onset obesity, reflecting genetic heterogeneity across families rather than a single underlying mechanism. These findings provide a foundation for improved genetic characterization, tailored counseling, and future functional studies. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. Published by Oxford University Press. FAU - Almolafikh, Sultanah Turki AU - Almolafikh ST AD - Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University,, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alshatwi, Ali A AU - Alshatwi AA AD - Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University,, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Orfali, Razan AU - Orfali R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0584-4013 AD - Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 13317, Saudi Arabia. FAU - AlSaud, Haya AU - AlSaud H AD - King Faisal Specialist Hospital Research Centre, Riyadh, 13458, Saudi Arabia. AD - King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 12354, Saudi Arabia. AD - Hevolution Foundation, King Saud University, Riyadh 13519, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng GR - Research Center in King Faisal Specialist Hospital in Riyadh/ PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Hum Mol Genet JT - Human molecular genetics JID - 9208958 RN - 0 (Receptors, Leptin) RN - 0 (Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 4) RN - 0 (LEPR protein, human) RN - 0 (MC4R protein, human) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Saudi Arabia/epidemiology MH - Pedigree MH - Female MH - *Obesity/genetics/pathology/epidemiology MH - Male MH - Child MH - *Genetic Predisposition to Disease MH - Adult MH - Receptors, Leptin/genetics MH - Exome Sequencing MH - Phenotype MH - Consanguinity MH - Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 4/genetics MH - Body Mass Index MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13679745 OTO - NOTNLM OT - consanguineous families OT - heterozygosity OT - homozygosity OT - monogenic OT - obesity OT - rare disease OT - syndromic of obesity COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/19 17:31 MHDA- 2026/10/19 17:32 PMCR- 2026/10/19 CRDT- 2026/10/19 15:24 PHST- 2025/10/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/19 17:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/19 17:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/19 15:24 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 8943647 [pii] AID - ddag054 [pii] AID - 10.1093/hmg/ddag054 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Hum Mol Genet. 2026 Oct 13;35(21):ddag054. doi: 10.1093/hmg/ddag054. PMID- 42895271 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261019 LR - 20261022 IS - 2047-2986 (Electronic) IS - 2047-2978 (Print) IS - 2047-2978 (Linking) VI - 16 DP - 2026 Oct 19 TI - External validation and application of machine learning models for obesity in Chinese children and adolescents per Chinese and WHO growth standards. PG - 04299 LID - 10.7189/jogh.16.04299 [doi] LID - 04299 AB - BACKGROUND: Childhood and adolescent obesity is a growing global public health challenge, underscoring the need for reliable tools to identify individuals at high risk. We aimed to develop, validate, and deploy machine learning (ML) models for predicting obesity in children and adolescents aged 3-18 years using multi-domain risk factors per Chinese and World Health Organization (WHO) growth standards, with an online tool for clinical and public health translation. METHODS: We conducted a population-based cross-sectional study. We used data from 22,555 participants in Beijing (2022, 2024) for training/internal validation, and data from 5,343 participants in Tangshan (2020) for external validation. We defined obesity using both Chinese and WHO growth standards. We analysed 38 features across 5 domains; we selected key predictors using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression. We evaluated 4 ML models using 28 performance metrics, with SHapley Additive exPlanations enhancing interpretability. RESULTS: We retained 5 features per the Chinese growth standards and 12 per the WHO growth standards. Age, maternal body mass index (BMI), paternal BMI, screen time, and birthweight were consistent predictors. The neural network achieved optimal performance per Chinese growth standards (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) = 0.735), and eXtreme gradient boosting performed best per WHO growth standards (AUROC = 0.736), with the corresponding external validation AUROCs of 0.699 and 0.707. We subsequently deployed user-friendly online prediction tools for translation. CONCLUSIONS: We identified two interpretable ML models for obesity in children and adolescents per both Chinese and WHO growth standards, each demonstrating modest but reliable predictive performance. CI - (c) 2026 The Authors. FAU - Zheng, Fangjieyi AU - Zheng F AD - Center for Evidence-based Medicine, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China. FAU - Wang, Xiaoqian AU - Wang X AD - Center for Evidence-based Medicine, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China. AD - Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Xue, Mei AU - Xue M AD - Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China. AD - Department of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China. FAU - Wang, Qiong AU - Wang Q AD - Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China. AD - Department of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China. FAU - Zhang, Wenqian AU - Zhang W AD - Center for Evidence-based Medicine, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China. FAU - Zhang, Zhixin AU - Zhang Z AD - Department of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China. AD - Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China. FAU - Niu, Wenquan AU - Niu W AD - Center for Evidence-based Medicine, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20261019 PL - Scotland TA - J Glob Health JT - Journal of global health JID - 101578780 RN - Chinese people SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Body Mass Index MH - China/epidemiology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Machine Learning MH - *Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology MH - Predictive Learning Models MH - Risk Factors MH - World Health Organization MH - East Asian People PMC - PMC13679347 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Chinese and WHO growth standards OT - children and adolescents OT - external validation OT - machine learning OT - obesity COIS- Disclosure of interest: The authors completed the ICMJE Disclosure of Interest Form (available upon request from the corresponding author) and disclose no relevant interests. EDAT- 2026/10/19 11:36 MHDA- 2026/10/19 11:37 PMCR- 2026/10/19 CRDT- 2026/10/19 08:35 PHST- 2026/10/19 11:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/19 11:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/19 08:35 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jogh-16-04299 [pii] AID - 10.7189/jogh.16.04299 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Glob Health. 2026 Oct 19;16:04299. doi: 10.7189/jogh.16.04299. PMID- 42895101 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261019 IS - 1619-3997 (Electronic) IS - 0300-5577 (Linking) DP - 2026 Oct 20 TI - Biochemical and anthropometric assessment of nutritional status at discharge in very-low-birth-weight infants: a retrospective cohort study. LID - 10.1515/jpm-2026-0439 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: To evaluate nutritional status at discharge in VLBW infants using biochemical and composite nutritional indices, and to examine their relationship with extrauterine growth restriction (EUGR; also termed "growth faltering" in more recent literature). METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 124 very low birth weight infants (1). RESULTS: EUGR occurred in 43.5 % (cross-sectional) and 38.7 % (longitudinal) of infants. Hypouremia (18.0 %) and hypocreatininemia (12.0 %) were the most frequent abnormalities. Composite outcomes were associated with lower gestational age and small-for-gestational-age status. Cross-sectional EUGR was nominally associated with CNDO (aOR 3.72, p=0.023) and CMPDO (aOR 3.96, p=0.031) but not CPDO; given testing across four correlated composite outcomes without formal correction for multiple comparisons, these associations should be regarded as nominal. AUCs for the four composites ranged narrowly from 0.761 to 0.794 and were not formally compared. Anthropometric differences were not significant. CONCLUSIONS: Subclinical biochemical deficiency was common at discharge despite non-significant anthropometric differences. Composite biochemical indices showed similar, moderate discriminative performance across definitions; findings are hypothesis-generating and require external, prospective validation before any composite can be considered superior or used clinically. CI - (c) 2026 the author(s), published by De Gruyter, Berlin/Boston. FAU - Yaprak, Deniz AU - Yaprak D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8130-7877 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Health Sciences, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkiye. FAU - Saygili Karagol, Belma AU - Saygili Karagol B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3728-9613 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Health Sciences, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261020 PL - Germany TA - J Perinat Med JT - Journal of perinatal medicine JID - 0361031 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - biochemical markers OT - composite outcomes OT - extrauterine growth restriction OT - malnutrition OT - neonatal nutrition OT - very low birth weight EDAT- 2026/10/19 11:36 MHDA- 2026/10/19 11:36 CRDT- 2026/10/19 06:04 PHST- 2026/07/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/10/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/19 11:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/19 11:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/19 06:04 [entrez] AID - jpm-2026-0439 [pii] AID - 10.1515/jpm-2026-0439 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - J Perinat Med. 2026 Oct 20. doi: 10.1515/jpm-2026-0439. PMID- 42894481 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261019 LR - 20261023 IS - 1536-7290 (Electronic) IS - 1746-1391 (Print) IS - 1536-7290 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 11 DP - 2026 Nov TI - Anaerobic Speed Reserve and Critical Speed as Predictors of 200 m Front Crawl Performance: A Practical Alternative to Physiological Testing in Trained Swimmers. PG - e70256 LID - e70256 [pii] LID - 10.1002/ejsc.70256 [doi] AB - Anaerobic speed reserve (ASR) and critical speed (CS) offer practical, performance-based estimates of physiological tolerances, and can be derived from maximal aerobic speed (MAS) and maximal sprint speed (MSS) in swimming. We evaluated the predictive capabilities of ASR and CS for 200 m front crawl performance in trained swimmers, and whether the addition of physiological markers could improve model accuracy. Seventeen trained male (n = 8) and female (n = 9) swimmers completed three maximal front crawl time-trials (50, 200, and 400 m) on different days, with 50 m (MSS) and 400 m (MAS) used to determine ASR and CS. Blood gas variables, blood lactate concentration (BLa), peak oxygen consumption (VO(2peak)), blood bicarbonate concentration (HCO(3)), and blood pH were measured pre- and post-trial. Linear regression models were developed, with multivariate analysis of variance assessing the impact of distance on all variables. MSS was the best predictor of 200 m performance (R(2) = 0.83), followed by CS (R(2) = 0.69), whereas ASR provided moderate predictive capabilities (R(2) = 0.36). The addition of CS to MSS provided our strongest two-factor model (R(2) = 0.93), decreasing mean absolute error (MAE) from 2.41 to 1.62 s, closely followed by MSS + ASR (R(2) = 0.92, MAE = 1.74 s). Physiological markers of aerobic (VO(2peak): r = 0.44, p > 0.05) and anaerobic capacity (DeltaHCO(3): r = 0.54; DeltapH: r = 0.48; and DeltaBLa: r = 0.57, all p < 0.05) were only moderately correlated with 200 m front crawl performance, and didn't meaningfully improve regression models. MSS provided the highest prediction of 200 m times, whereas ASR and CS provide practical alternatives to the collection of physiological variables which further distinguish performance potential in swimming cohorts. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). European Journal of Sport Science published by Wiley-VCH GmbH on behalf of European College of Sport Science. FAU - Lanigan, Bryce J O AU - Lanigan BJO AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-7563-6102 AD - PHysical Activity, Sport and Exercise (PHASE) Research Group, School of Allied Health (Exercise Science), Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. AD - Western Australian Institute of Sport, Mount Claremont, Western Australia, Australia. FAU - Binnie, Martyn J AU - Binnie MJ AD - Western Australian Institute of Sport, Mount Claremont, Western Australia, Australia. AD - School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. FAU - Peeling, Peter AU - Peeling P AD - Western Australian Institute of Sport, Mount Claremont, Western Australia, Australia. AD - School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. FAU - Scott, Brendan R AU - Scott BR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2484-4019 AD - PHysical Activity, Sport and Exercise (PHASE) Research Group, School of Allied Health (Exercise Science), Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. AD - Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. FAU - Peiffer, Jeremiah J AU - Peiffer JJ AD - PHysical Activity, Sport and Exercise (PHASE) Research Group, School of Allied Health (Exercise Science), Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. AD - Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. FAU - Wall, Brad AU - Wall B AD - PHysical Activity, Sport and Exercise (PHASE) Research Group, School of Allied Health (Exercise Science), Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. AD - Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. FAU - Trihy, Eoghan AU - Trihy E AD - Western Australian Institute of Sport, Mount Claremont, Western Australia, Australia. AD - School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. FAU - Mitchell, Lachlan AU - Mitchell L AD - Victorian Institute of Sport, Albert Park, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Pyne, David B AU - Pyne DB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1555-5079 AD - Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, University of Canberra, Bruce, Australian Capital Territory, Australia. FAU - Goods, Paul S R AU - Goods PSR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2585-6852 AD - PHysical Activity, Sport and Exercise (PHASE) Research Group, School of Allied Health (Exercise Science), Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. AD - Western Australian Institute of Sport, Mount Claremont, Western Australia, Australia. AD - Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. LA - eng GR - National Health and Medical Research Council/ PT - Journal Article PL - Germany TA - Eur J Sport Sci JT - European journal of sport science JID - 101146739 RN - 33X04XA5AT (Lactic Acid) RN - 0 (Bicarbonates) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Swimming/physiology MH - Oxygen Consumption MH - Lactic Acid/blood MH - *Athletic Performance/physiology MH - Male MH - Female MH - Bicarbonates/blood MH - *Anaerobic Threshold/physiology MH - Adolescent MH - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration MH - Blood Gas Analysis MH - Linear Models PMC - PMC13678424 OTO - NOTNLM OT - maximal aerobic speed OT - maximal sprint speed OT - middle distance OT - performance modelling COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/19 05:30 MHDA- 2026/10/19 05:31 PMCR- 2026/10/19 CRDT- 2026/10/19 03:23 PHST- 2026/08/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/11/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/19 05:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/19 05:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/19 03:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - e70256 [pii] AID - EJSC70256 [pii] AID - 10.1002/ejsc.70256 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Sport Sci. 2026 Nov;26(11):e70256. doi: 10.1002/ejsc.70256. PMID- 42893551 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261018 IS - 1475-357X (Print) IS - 1475-357X (Linking) DP - 2026 Oct 18 TI - Longitudinal associations between dietary intake and common mental disorders among adolescents in Australia. LID - 10.1111/camh.70129 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: There is a need for more longitudinal research exploring temporal associations between diet quality and common mental disorders (CMDs) during adolescence. This study examined prospective associations between indicators of adolescents' diet quality (fruit, vegetable, sugar-sweetened beverage [SSB] intakes) and risk of depression and anxiety onset over 3 years. We hypothesised that higher fruit and vegetable intake, and lower SSB intake, would be associated with lower risk of CMDs. METHODS: 6537 Australian adolescents (mean age 12.65 years at baseline) completed surveys at baseline, 1-, 2- and 3-year follow-ups. We fitted Generalised Estimating Equations Poisson regression models to assess longitudinal associations between daily servings of fruit, vegetables and SSBs, and risk of depression and anxiety onset (binary cut-points on validated scales) over 3 years. Models were re-run for males and females. Analyses excluded participants who met thresholds for depression or anxiety at baseline to increase confidence that diet predicted CMD onset. RESULTS: Higher fruit intake was associated with lower risk of depression (adjusted RR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.82-0.93) and anxiety (adjusted RR: 0.93, 95% CI: 0.87-0.99) over 3 years, with limited evidence of sex differences. Higher SSB intake (log-transformed) was associated with higher CMD risk for both sexes, but more strongly for males (depression: adjusted RR: 3.25, 95% CI: 2.02-5.23; anxiety: adjusted RR: 5.50, 95% CI: 3.39-8.90) than females (depression: adjusted RR: 3.10, 95% CI: 2.06-4.68; anxiety: adjusted RR: 2.04, 95% CI: 1.23-3.37). Results inform the Global burden of disease Lifestyle And mental Disorders project (DERR2-https://doi.org/10.2196/65576). CONCLUSIONS: Longitudinal research exposing temporal associations between diet and CMDs may inform prevention/intervention efforts targeting modifiable risk factors for CMDs. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Child and Adolescent Mental Health published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health. FAU - Davidson, Lily AU - Davidson L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2811-0856 AD - The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Ashtree, Deborah N AU - Ashtree DN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3680-3860 AD - Deakin University, IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Food & Mood Centre, Geelong, Vic., Australia. FAU - Osman, Bridie AU - Osman B AD - The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Smout, Scarlett AU - Smout S AD - The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Newton, Nicola C AU - Newton NC AD - The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Gardner, Lauren A AU - Gardner LA AD - The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - O'Neil, Adrienne AU - O'Neil A AD - Deakin University, IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Food & Mood Centre, Geelong, Vic., Australia. FAU - Jacka, Felice AU - Jacka F AD - Deakin University, IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Food & Mood Centre, Geelong, Vic., Australia. AD - Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Vic., Australia. AD - College of Public Health, Medical & Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld, Australia. FAU - Orr, Rebecca AU - Orr R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2422-5533 AD - Deakin University, IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Food & Mood Centre, Geelong, Vic., Australia. FAU - Lane, Melissa AU - Lane M AD - Deakin University, IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Food & Mood Centre, Geelong, Vic., Australia. FAU - Teesson, Maree AU - Teesson M AD - The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Champion, Katrina E AU - Champion KE AD - The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. AD - School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. LA - eng GR - APP11349009/Centre of Research Excellence in Prevention and Early Intervention of Mental Illness and Substance Use/ GR - APP1078407/Australian National Health and Medical Research Council/ GR - APP1120641/Australian National Health and Medical Research Council/ GR - APP1166377/Australian National Health and Medical Research Council/ GR - Paul Ramsay Foundation/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261018 PL - England TA - Child Adolesc Ment Health JT - Child and adolescent mental health JID - 101142157 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent OT - anxiety OT - depression OT - diet OT - mental disorder OT - prospective studies EDAT- 2026/10/18 17:32 MHDA- 2026/10/18 17:32 CRDT- 2026/10/18 15:03 PHST- 2026/09/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/18 17:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/18 17:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/18 15:03 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/camh.70129 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Child Adolesc Ment Health. 2026 Oct 18. doi: 10.1111/camh.70129. PMID- 42892472 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261023 IS - 1874-1754 (Electronic) IS - 0167-5273 (Linking) VI - 466 DP - 2026 Oct 17 TI - QTc reference ranges in eastern European children aged 6 to 18 years: a large-scale population study and comparison with international normative datasets. PG - 134990 LID - S0167-5273(26)00840-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ijcard.2026.134990 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: QT interval corrected for heart rate (QTc) is important. Appropriate reference ranges support ECG interpretation, but data for Eastern European children remain limited. We aimed to derive age- and sex-stratified QTc reference ranges, estimate proportions exceeding cut-offs, and compare results with normative datasets. METHODS: 12‑lead ECGs from 22,335 children aged 6-18 years were obtained through the CARDIOPED screening programme in northwestern Transylvania, Romania. QTc was calculated using Bazett's formula. Age- and sex-stratified percentile curves (P2.5-P97.5) were derived using spline regression. Correlations with anthropometric variables and proportions exceeding QTc cut-offs of 440, 460, and 480 ms were assessed. Results were compared with the Davignon, Rijnbeek, Saarel, Bratincsak, and Mason datasets. RESULTS: Overall median QTc was 408.2 ms in males and 409.9 ms in females. Upper reference limits (P97.5) were 451.4 ms and 457.0 ms, respectively. The sex difference increased from 2.6 ms in the 6-12-year group to 5.7 ms in the 12-18-year group. Obesity and anthropometric variables showed weak, non-significant correlations with QTc. Values were closely aligned with Rijnbeek et al. QTc exceeded 440 ms in 6.0% of males and 460 ms in 1.2% of females; 14 children (0.06%) had a single screening QTc measurement >/=480 ms. CONCLUSIONS: QTc reference ranges in this Eastern European cohort were consistent with European paediatric normative data. Upper reference limits were approximately 450 ms in males and 460 ms in females. Proportions exceeding cut-offs describe cohort distributions, not diagnostic false-positive rates. Percentiles are statistical reference limits rather than validated clinical decision or diagnostic thresholds. CI - Copyright (c) 2026. Published by Elsevier B.V. FAU - Cismaru, Gabriel AU - Cismaru G AD - 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology Rehabilitation, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Electronic address: gabi_cismaru@yahoo.com. FAU - Lazea, Cecilia AU - Lazea C AD - Department of Pediatrics I, Emergency Clinic Hospital for Children, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. FAU - Muresan, Lucian AU - Muresan L AD - Cardiology Department, "Emile Muller" Hospital, Mulhouse, 68100, France. FAU - Gusetu, Gabriel AU - Gusetu G AD - 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology Rehabilitation, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. FAU - Rosu, Radu AU - Rosu R AD - 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology Rehabilitation, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. FAU - Pop, Dana AU - Pop D AD - 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology Rehabilitation, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. FAU - Negru, Alina AU - Negru A AD - Department of Cardiology II, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes", Timisoara, 300041, Romania. FAU - Cainap, Simona Sorana AU - Cainap SS AD - Department of Pediatrics II, Emergency Clinic Hospital for Children, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261017 PL - Netherlands TA - Int J Cardiol JT - International journal of cardiology JID - 8200291 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bazett OT - Children OT - Electrocardiography OT - LQTS OT - QTc OT - Screening COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/18 05:37 MHDA- 2026/10/18 05:37 CRDT- 2026/10/18 01:48 PHST- 2026/06/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/10/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/10/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/18 05:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/18 05:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/18 01:48 [entrez] AID - S0167-5273(26)00840-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ijcard.2026.134990 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Int J Cardiol. 2026 Oct 17;466:134990. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2026.134990. PMID- 42891355 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261017 LR - 20261019 IS - 1664-0640 (Print) IS - 1664-0640 (Electronic) IS - 1664-0640 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Physical education and psychosocial vulnerability in adolescent suicide-related risk: a transnational cross-sectional explainable machine-learning analysis of student health survey data. PG - 1898064 LID - 10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1898064 [doi] LID - 1898064 AB - BACKGROUND: Adolescent suicide attempt is a major public health concern linked to psychosocial distress, school environment, health-risk behaviors, and physical activity patterns. This study aimed to develop an explainable XGBoost model for adolescent suicide-attempt status and to determine whether physical inactivity and low physical education (PE) participation could serve as informative school-based indicators. METHODS: Data were obtained from the Global School-based Student Health Survey conducted in Argentina in 2018, Anguilla in 2016, and Jamaica in 2017. The Argentina dataset was used for model training, while Anguilla and Jamaica were combined as an independent validation cohort. The outcome was self-reported suicide attempt during the past 12 months. Candidate predictors included demographic, anthropometric, dietary, psychosocial, violence- and injury-related, tobacco-related, sexual behavior, physical activity, and PE-related variables. An XGBoost model was developed using nested cross-validation, staged hyperparameter tuning, and Bayesian fine-tuning. Model performance was evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). SHAP and partial dependence plots were used for interpretation. RESULTS: A total of 27,710 adolescents were included; 5,165 (18.6%) reported at least one suicide attempt. The final model achieved an independent validation AUC of 0.7928 (95% CI: 0.7790-0.8066). The top 18 SHAP-ranked predictors retained a cumulative 10-fold cross-validated AUC of 0.7865. Loneliness was the most influential predictor, followed by sex, insomnia, early cigarette use, PE days, physical attack, school peer kindness, and physical activity. Physical inactivity and low PE participation showed nonlinear associations with predicted suicide-attempt risk. CONCLUSIONS: Loneliness and insomnia represented the psychosocial vulnerability profile, while physical inactivity and limited PE participation emerged as potentially informative school-based indicators requiring further longitudinal investigation. These findings support risk-stratified prevention strategies integrating early psychological identification with inclusive, socially supportive physical activity and PE programs. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Liu, Guo, Ma, Shi, Ma and Li. FAU - Liu, Heyi AU - Liu H AD - Tianjin College, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Tianjin, China. FAU - Guo, Jianbin AU - Guo J AD - Quality Control Office, Kailuan Mental Health Center, Tangshan, China. FAU - Ma, Xinwei AU - Ma X AD - Department of Radiology, Suzhou Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Suzhou, China. FAU - Shi, Cheng AU - Shi C AD - Department of Cardiology, Suzhou BenQ Medical Center, Suzhou, China. FAU - Ma, Xiaoming AU - Ma X AD - Department of Cardiology, Suzhou BenQ Medical Center, Suzhou, China. AD - Department of Neurology, Suzhou Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Suzhou, China. AD - Department of Neurology, Nanjing University Medical School Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China. AD - Suzhou Key Laboratory of Integrated Stroke Prevention, Treatment and Rehabilitation, Suzhou, China. FAU - Li, Jingwei AU - Li J AD - Department of Neurology, Suzhou Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Suzhou, China. AD - Department of Neurology, Nanjing University Medical School Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China. AD - Suzhou Key Laboratory of Integrated Stroke Prevention, Treatment and Rehabilitation, Suzhou, China. AD - Suzhou Research Centre of Medical School, Nanjing University, Suzhou, China. AD - Institute of Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. AD - Nanjing Neurology Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261002 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Psychiatry JT - Frontiers in psychiatry JID - 101545006 PMC - PMC13674449 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescent OT - machine learning OT - mental health OT - physical education and training OT - suicide COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/17 23:38 MHDA- 2026/10/17 23:39 PMCR- 2026/10/02 CRDT- 2026/10/17 21:49 PHST- 2026/06/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/17 23:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/17 23:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/17 21:49 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1898064 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Psychiatry. 2026 Oct 2;17:1898064. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1898064. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42889450 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261017 LR - 20261019 IS - 1976-1457 (Print) IS - 2005-6168 (Electronic) IS - 1976-1457 (Linking) VI - 20 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Comparability of food frequency questionnaires between Korean Children's Environmental Health Study (Ko-CHENS) and Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES) in pregnant women. PG - 866-878 LID - 10.4162/nrp.2026.20.5.866 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The Korean Children's Environmental Health Study (Ko-CHENS) developed a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to assess maternal dietary intake during pregnancy. This FFQ shares high structural similarity with the validated FFQ of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES), a representative dietary assessment tool for the Korean adult population, which includes 97 of the 112 items in the Ko-CHENS FFQ. The comparability of the Ko-CHENS and KoGES FFQs among pregnant women was evaluated. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Ninety-four women recruited from Kangwon National University Hospital between December 2024 and February 2025 were included. The participants consecutively completed the Ko-CHENS and KoGES FFQs. The nutrient intakes were adjusted for the total energy intake using the residual method. Log-transformed intakes of energy, nutrients, and food groups were compared using the correlation coefficients, cross-classification percent agreement, weighted kappa statistics, and Bland-Altman plots. RESULTS: The Ko-CHENS FFQ yielded higher absolute intake estimates for energy and the majority of nutrients and food groups than the KoGES FFQ. The Pearson or Spearman correlation coefficients ranged from 0.34 (vitamin E) to 0.68 (beta-carotene) for energy and nutrients and from 0.15 (sugars and jams) to 0.77 (salted vegetables) for food groups, with median values of 0.55 and 0.61, respectively. The median proportions of the participants classified into the same or adjacent quartiles were 96.39% for energy and nutrients and 96.52% for food groups. The weighted kappa statistics ranged from 0.23 to 0.52 for energy and nutrients and from 0.06 to 0.59 for food groups, with median values of 0.38 and 0.45, respectively. The Bland-Altman plots for energy and macronutrients showed that the data points were primarily within the limits of agreement. CONCLUSION: The Ko-CHENS and KoGES FFQs showed fair-to-moderate comparability, suggesting that the Ko-CHENS FFQ can be used for ranking Korean pregnant women based on their dietary intake levels. CI - (c)2026 The Korean Nutrition Society and the Korean Society of Community Nutrition. FAU - Cho, Minsu AU - Cho M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-8243-1750 AD - Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea. FAU - Kim, Bom AU - Kim B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9405-2407 AD - Department of Medical Informatics, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Korea. FAU - Kim, Hyesook AU - Kim H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4840-3082 AD - Department of Food and Nutrition, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea. FAU - Na, Sunghun AU - Na S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2803-8356 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Korea. FAU - Lee, Se Jin AU - Lee SJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8626-6250 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Korea. FAU - Ahn, Tae Gyu AU - Ahn TG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5519-0572 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Korea. FAU - Son, Kyung Ho AU - Son KH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2466-8334 AD - Department of AI Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea. FAU - Kim, Woo Jin AU - Kim WJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2927-370X AD - Department of Medical Informatics, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Korea. AD - Department of Internal Medicine and Environmental Health Center, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Korea. FAU - Lee, Jung Eun AU - Lee JE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1141-878X AD - Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea. AD - Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea. CN - Ko-CHENS Study Group LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260918 PL - Korea (South) TA - Nutr Res Pract JT - Nutrition research and practice JID - 101311052 PMC - PMC13669475 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Diet surveys OT - comparative study OT - nutrition assessment OT - pregnancy COIS- Conflict of Interest: The authors declare no potential conflicts of interests. EDAT- 2026/10/17 23:12 MHDA- 2026/10/17 23:13 PMCR- 2026/10/01 CRDT- 2026/10/17 11:09 PHST- 2026/04/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/17 23:13 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/17 23:12 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/17 11:09 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.4162/nrp.2026.20.5.866 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nutr Res Pract. 2026 Oct;20(5):866-878. doi: 10.4162/nrp.2026.20.5.866. Epub 2026 Sep 18. PMID- 42889402 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261017 LR - 20261019 IS - 2296-2360 (Print) IS - 2296-2360 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2360 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Association between discretionary screen time and depressive symptoms in Chinese adolescents: a cross-sectional study. PG - 1957282 LID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1957282 [doi] LID - 1957282 AB - BACKGROUND: Adolescents globally exhibit growing engagement with discretionary screen time, but its association with depressive symptoms remains unclear in developing economies. OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between discretionary screen time and depressive symptoms among Chinese adolescents. METHODS: A cross-sectional study of 4,706 adolescents in Maoming City, Guangdong Province, China. Participants were stratified into four discretionary screen time categories: <1 h (n = 1,372), 1-2 h (n = 1,277), 2-4 h (n = 1,032), and >/=4 h (n = 1,025). Depressive symptoms were assessed using the validated CESD-9, with a cutoff score of >/=10. The primary analysis was a multilevel logistic regression model with random intercepts for school and class, adjusted for all measured covariates except BMI, anxiety and insomnia; a model additionally adjusted for BMI, anxiety and insomnia served as a sensitivity analysis. Subgroup analyses evaluated potential effect modification. RESULTS: The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 29.7% (1,398/4,706). In the primary multilevel model (random intercepts for school and class; adjusted for sociodemographic, socioeconomic and lifestyle factors, without BMI, anxiety and insomnia), compared with the <1 h reference group, the odds ratios were 1.21 (95% CI: 0.98-1.49; p = 0.082) for 1-2 h, 1.88 (95% CI: 1.52-2.33; p < 0.001) for 2-4 h, and 2.54 (95% CI: 2.04-3.16; p < 0.001) for >/=4 h; each screen-time category increment was associated with 39% higher odds of depressive symptoms (OR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.29-1.49; p < 0.001). When additionally adjusted for BMI, anxiety and insomnia (sensitivity analysis, Model 4), the associations were attenuated but remained statistically significant for the higher categories (>/=4 h: OR = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.28-2.22; per-category OR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.09-1.29). Subgroup analyses revealed no statistically significant evidence of effect modification (all p-interaction >0.05). CONCLUSION: Prolonged discretionary screen time is significantly associated with higher odds of depressive symptoms among Chinese adolescents, indicating a graded association that strengthens with increasing screen time. These findings are relevant to public-health monitoring of discretionary screen use in adolescents. CI - (c) 2026 Xu, Yang, Wang and Wang. FAU - Xu, Zhi AU - Xu Z AD - Department of Neurosis and Psychosomatic Diseases, The Third Hospital of Quzhou, Quzhou, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Yang, Shuye AU - Yang S AD - Department of Neurology, Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China. FAU - Wang, Shibin AU - Wang S AD - Guangdong Mental Health Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. FAU - Wang, Xing AU - Wang X AD - Department of Neurosis and Psychosomatic Diseases, Huzhou Third Municipal Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou Normal University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261001 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Pediatr JT - Frontiers in pediatrics JID - 101615492 PMC - PMC13669189 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Chinese adolescents OT - adolescents OT - cross-sectional study OT - depressive symptoms OT - discretionary screen time COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/17 23:12 MHDA- 2026/10/17 23:13 PMCR- 2026/10/01 CRDT- 2026/10/17 10:56 PHST- 2026/08/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/17 23:13 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/17 23:12 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/17 10:56 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1957282 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Pediatr. 2026 Oct 1;14:1957282. doi: 10.3389/fped.2026.1957282. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42889239 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261017 LR - 20261019 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Regional differences in obesity risk, sedentary behavior, and dietary patterns among university students in Saudi Arabia: a multi-region cross-sectional study. PG - 1980253 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1980253 [doi] LID - 1980253 AB - BACKGROUND: Overweight and obesity are rising among Saudi university students. Guided by Popkin's nutrition transition theory, this study examined regional variation in overweight/obesity, sedentary behavior, and nutrition-transition dietary patterns. METHODS: This cross-sectional study (March-May 2023) recruited 564 students from four Saudi administrative regions using a multistage sampling approach. Three colleges per university were selected across three academic domains; within each college, one male and one female class per academic level were invited; all eligible students completed the questionnaire. Students with prior type 2 diabetes were excluded. BMI was calculated from self-reported weight and height (overweight/obesity: >/= 25.0 kg/m(2)). Dietary patterns were identified using principal-component analysis of 17 food groups from a validated 66-item food frequency questionnaire. Physical activity was assessed via IPAQ-SF (sufficient: >/= 150 min/week); composite sedentary behavior exposure was classified as low (< 8 h/day), moderate (8-12 h/day), or high (> 12 h/day). Logistic regression adjusted for sex, age, income, college type, region, and smoking. RESULTS: Overweight/obesity prevalence was 17.9% (n = 100/558); as BMI relied on self-reported anthropometrics, this is a conservative lower bound. A marked regional gradient was observed: 27.8% of Riyadh students were overweight/obese versus 8.8% in Makkah (chi (2) = 25.48, p < 0.001). Region showed the strongest association with overweight/obesity after adjustment: Riyadh (aOR = 4.62, 95% CI 2.23-9.59, p < 0.001) and male sex (aOR = 1.96, 95% CI 1.04-3.71, p = 0.037) were the only significant predictors. Composite sedentary behavior exposure was high: 82.3% were moderately or highly sedentary (>/= 8 h/day), dominated by mobile phone use (3.75 h/day) and academic study (3.35 h/day). Sedentary behavior was higher in overweight/obese students (15.5 vs. 13.9 h/day; p = 0.043). Nutrition-transition dietary patterns were not associated with overweight/obesity (aOR = 0.93, p = 0.543). CONCLUSION: Region showed the strongest association with overweight/obesity, with Riyadh students at four-fold higher risk than Makkah students, suggesting that regional structural and environmental factors may contribute to obesity risk in this population. Prolonged mobile phone use and screen-based sedentarism were prevalent and associated with overweight/obesity. Campus interventions targeting sedentary screen behavior and regional food environments, particularly in Riyadh, are warranted; future studies should employ direct anthropometry to obtain unbiased prevalence estimates. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Alkhraiji and Alaqil. FAU - Alkhraiji, Mohummed H AU - Alkhraiji MH AD - Department of Exercise Physiology, College of Sport Sciences and Physical Activity, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alaqil, Abdulrahman I AU - Alaqil AI AD - College of Education, Department of Physical Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261001 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Saudi Arabia/epidemiology MH - Male MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - *Sedentary Behavior MH - *Obesity/epidemiology MH - *Students/statistics & numerical data MH - Universities MH - Young Adult MH - *Diet/statistics & numerical data MH - Prevalence MH - Risk Factors MH - Adult MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Overweight/epidemiology MH - Body Mass Index MH - Exercise MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13668806 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Saudi Arabia OT - dietary patterns OT - nutrition transition OT - obesity OT - overweight OT - regional variation OT - sedentary behavior OT - self-reported BMI COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/17 23:13 MHDA- 2026/10/17 23:14 PMCR- 2026/10/01 CRDT- 2026/10/17 09:27 PHST- 2026/08/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/17 23:14 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/17 23:13 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/17 09:27 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1980253 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2026 Oct 1;14:1980253. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1980253. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42889191 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261017 LR - 20261019 IS - 1664-1078 (Print) IS - 1664-1078 (Electronic) IS - 1664-1078 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Does learning burnout link physical exercise and problematic short-video use? Evidence from a three-wave random-intercept cross-lagged panel model and supplementary machine-learning analysis among Chinese high school students. PG - 1929181 LID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1929181 [doi] LID - 1929181 AB - BACKGROUND: Problematic short-video use has become a growing behavioral health concern among adolescents, yet its longitudinal links with physical exercise and learning burnout remain insufficiently understood. This study examined the within-person bidirectional associations among physical exercise, learning burnout, and problematic short-video use, tested whether learning burnout served as a longitudinal pathway linking physical exercise to later problematic short-video use, and explored the predictive value of these variables for subsequent problematic short-video use. METHODS: A three-wave longitudinal survey with 6-month intervals was conducted among 1,327 students aged 16-18 years from five high schools in Yunnan Province, China. Physical exercise, learning burnout, and problematic short-video use were assessed using the Physical Activity Rating Scale-3 (PARS-3), the Adolescent Student Burnout Inventory, and the Short-Video Addiction Scale. Random-intercept cross-lagged panel modeling was used to separate stable between-person differences from within-person fluctuations while controlling for demographic and educational covariates. The longitudinal indirect association was estimated using 5,000 bias-corrected bootstrap samples. Supplementary ridge regression and extreme gradient boosting models, using nested cross-validation and a holdout test set, examined the incremental predictive value of physical exercise and learning burnout for later problematic short-video use. RESULTS: At the between-person level, higher long-term physical exercise was associated with lower learning burnout and problematic short-video use, whereas higher learning burnout was associated with higher problematic short-video use. At the within-person level, higher-than-usual physical exercise predicted lower subsequent learning burnout and problematic short-video use. Learning burnout and problematic short-video use showed positive reciprocal associations over time, and both predicted lower subsequent physical exercise. The longitudinal indirect association from physical exercise to later problematic short-video use through learning burnout was statistically significant but small. In supplementary machine-learning analyses, the best holdout R (2) was 0.311, but adding physical exercise and learning burnout did not improve prediction beyond prior problematic short-video use. SHAP results from the extended XGBoost model were therefore interpreted as exploratory feature attributions. CONCLUSION: Physical exercise, learning burnout, and problematic short-video use showed interconnected longitudinal associations among Chinese high school students. Learning burnout may represent one small longitudinal indirect pathway linking physical exercise to later problematic short-video use, while recent problematic short-video use provides the most informative signal for future risk. These findings may inform the development and evaluation of school-based health-promotion strategies that support physical exercise, address learning burnout, and respond to recent problematic-use symptoms. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Yin, Peng, Chen, Wang, Liu, Xie and Gao. FAU - Yin, Tian AU - Yin T AD - Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan, China. AD - School of Physical Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, Yunnan, China. FAU - Peng, Yanfeng AU - Peng Y AD - School of Physical Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, Yunnan, China. FAU - Chen, Longjiang AU - Chen L AD - School of Physical Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan, China. FAU - Wang, Zetian AU - Wang Z AD - School of Physical Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, Yunnan, China. FAU - Liu, Xu AU - Liu X AD - School of Physical Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, Yunnan, China. FAU - Xie, Changcheng AU - Xie C AD - Hezhou University, Hezhou, Guangxi, China. FAU - Gao, Zeng AU - Gao Z AD - Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261001 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Psychol JT - Frontiers in psychology JID - 101550902 PMC - PMC13668801 OTO - NOTNLM OT - high school students OT - learning burnout OT - machine learning OT - physical exercise OT - problematic short-video use OT - random-intercept cross-lagged panel model COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/17 23:13 MHDA- 2026/10/17 23:14 PMCR- 2026/10/01 CRDT- 2026/10/17 08:49 PHST- 2026/07/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/17 23:14 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/17 23:13 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/17 08:49 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1929181 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Psychol. 2026 Oct 1;17:1929181. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1929181. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42889007 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261017 LR - 20261019 IS - 2296-861X (Print) IS - 2296-861X (Electronic) IS - 2296-861X (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2026 TI - Policy themes and instruments in WHO and UNICEF child food-environment guidance, 2015-2025: a computational content analysis. PG - 1935052 LID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1935052 [doi] LID - 1935052 AB - In children's food environments, global guidance can shape policy discourse and instrument choice, but its content does not establish implementation or outcomes. In 2015-2025, the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) published English-language guidance at the global level. A documented search, 2-author screening, and author-decision-masked expert review produced a corpus of 22 expert-refrozen documents (1,099 pages; 1,259 primary chunks). The BERTopic with document-capped discovery yielded six provisional clusters: food-marketing restrictions and children's rights; obesity burden; nutrition-sensitive social protection and service delivery; school, physical activity, and healthy food environments; infant and young child food promotion controls; and business engagement and food-industry governance. Among 978 chunks, marketing restrictions and children's rights accounted for 332 assigned chunks (33.9%). The expert accepted all descriptors and changed three of seven boundary decisions; applying those decisions and rerunning the full pipeline retained six identity-mapped clusters. Fixed-corpus seed and zoning diagnostics were favorable, but context expansion produced seven clusters and dominant-source removal substantially reorganized two source-concentrated clusters. To assess coding reliability, an 84-chunk exercise was archived under the earlier 19-document freeze; issuer and period profiles were descriptive. The study therefore provides a bound, auditable map rather than a stable taxonomy. Nutritional health literacy is a downstream interpretive application: no actual implementation process or literacy, behavioral, dietary-quality, or health outcome was measured. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Xing and Wu. FAU - Xing, Lu AU - Xing L AD - School of Preschool Education, Changsha Normal University, Changsha, China. AD - School of Education, Faculty of Social Sciences and Leisure Management, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia. FAU - Wu, Xueqi AU - Wu X AD - Taylor's Culinary Institute, Faculty of Social Sciences and Leisure Management, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261001 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Nutr JT - Frontiers in nutrition JID - 101642264 PMC - PMC13668553 OTO - NOTNLM OT - BERTopic OT - child nutrition OT - computational content analysis OT - food environments OT - food governance OT - nutritional health literacy OT - policy discourse OT - policy implementation COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/17 23:13 MHDA- 2026/10/17 23:14 PMCR- 2026/10/01 CRDT- 2026/10/17 06:11 PHST- 2026/07/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/17 23:14 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/17 23:13 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/17 06:11 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1935052 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Nutr. 2026 Oct 1;13:1935052. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1935052. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42888994 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261017 LR - 20261019 IS - 3067-3534 (Electronic) IS - 3067-3518 (Print) IS - 3067-3518 (Linking) VI - 1 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Jul-Aug TI - Feasibility, Acceptability, and Efficacy of Using a Mobile Health Application for Lifestyle Modification in Youth With Prediabetes: A Prosper App Study. PG - 601-608 LID - 10.2337/doc26-0026 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Mobile health (mHealth) applications (apps) help individuals achieve healthy lifestyle behaviors. We assessed feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of an mHealth app, Prosper, in helping adolescents with prediabetes track and achieve lifestyle modifications. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This prospective pilot study enrolled adolescents aged 13-17 years with prediabetes. Participants downloaded the Prosper app and use was followed for 3 months after a prediabetes visit. App use, check-ins, and habits data were analyzed; surveys assessed feasibility, acceptability, and participant-reported efficacy. Primary outcomes were use and feasibility or acceptability of the app. Secondary outcomes included changes in BMI and hemoglobin A(1c) (HbA(1c)). Caregivers and providers were also surveyed. RESULTS: The study enrolled 25 participants (median age 15.1 years; 76% female; 64% identified as Black adolescents; 76% identifed as non-Hispanic; and 56% had Medicaid insurance). Participants completed 2,057 habits, 575 check-ins, and 114 journals overall. The median number of check-ins per participant was 4 (interquartile range 2-18), and 36% completed >/=12 check-ins. Most participants (68%) set at least 2 habits, with a maximum of 14 habits. High satisfaction was reported by 74-87%. Most found the app easy to use (95.7-100%), helpful for tracking nutrition (61-78%) and exercise (56.5-86%), and easy to integrate into daily routines (52-73%). Baseline median BMI was 37.7 kg/m(2) (interquartile range 32.0-43.3) and HbA(1c) was 5.7% (interquartile range 5.6-5.8), without change noted after 3 months. CONCLUSIONS: Adolescents reported high satisfaction with the Prosper app and found it easy to use, helpful for tracking nutrition and exercise goals, and easy to incorporate into daily routines. mHealth tools may support adolescent lifestyle modifications between clinical visits with broad scalability. CI - (c) 2026 by the American Diabetes Association. FAU - Wang, Cynthia AU - Wang C AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-9246-6595 AD - Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. FAU - Parimi, Neha AU - Parimi N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1338-8270 AD - Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. FAU - Patel, Dhruva AU - Patel D AD - Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. FAU - Williams, Hannah AU - Williams H AD - Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. FAU - Malina, Sara N AU - Malina SN AD - Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. FAU - Wolf, Risa M AU - Wolf RM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7674-520X AD - Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. FAU - Hitt, Talia A AU - Hitt TA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4491-3648 AD - Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. LA - eng SI - figshare/10.2337/figshare.32249199 PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260629 PL - United States TA - Diabetes Obes Cardiometab CARE JT - Diabetes, obesity, and cardiometabolic CARE JID - 9919229522706676 PMC - PMC13644839 COIS- R.M.W. previously served in an unpaid advisory role to Uneo Inc. ("Uneo Health"), the company that developed the mobile application evaluated in this study. R.M.W. reports receiving research support from Lilly Diabetes, Novo Nordisk, and Sanofi unrelated to the submitted work. No other potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article were reported. EDAT- 2026/10/17 23:12 MHDA- 2026/10/17 23:13 PMCR- 2026/06/29 CRDT- 2026/10/17 06:02 PHST- 2026/02/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/17 23:13 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/17 23:12 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/17 06:02 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 260026 [pii] AID - 10.2337/doc26-0026 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Diabetes Obes Cardiometab CARE. 2026 Jun 29;1(4):601-608. doi: 10.2337/doc26-0026. eCollection 2026 Jul-Aug. PMID- 42886664 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261016 LR - 20261020 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 10 DP - 2026 TI - Validation of HemoCue method and development of a revised hemoglobin cut-off to detect anemia in children aged 6-24-months. PG - e0346506 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0346506 [doi] LID - e0346506 AB - BACKGROUND: Accurate hemoglobin (Hb) measurement is essential for determining anemia prevalence at the population level. The HemoCue method, commonly used in resource poor settings, has been shown to overestimate Hb levels compared to the direct cyanmethemoglobin (DCM) method, leading to an underestimation of anemia. We aimed to validate the HemoCue method against the DCM method and establish an optimal cut-off value for diagnosing anemia in children under two. METHODS: Data were collected from children under two years of age as part of the Etiology, Risk Factors, and Interactions of Enteric Infections and Malnutrition and the Consequences for Child Health and Development study in Bangladesh, conducted in Mirpur, Dhaka, from February 2010 to February 2017. Using HemoCue 201 instrument and DCM method, Hb levels were measured in 846 venous blood samples collected from 589 children. Quadratic regression was explored to derive a correction factor; however, substantial dispersion in HemoCue measurements prevented establishment of a reliable correction model. Youden's Index was used to identify the optimal cut‑off. While it provided a strong threshold, we prioritized achieving at least 70% sensitivity and specificity to confirm balanced diagnostic performance. RESULTS: The median (IQR) Hb concentrations estimated by HemoCue and DCM were 11.6 (10.5, 12.5) g/dL and 10.8 (10.1, 11.5) g/dL, respectively. Using a cut-off of <10.5 g/dL for anemia, the prevalence was significantly higher with the DCM method (35.2% vs. 23.2%, p < 0.001). Considering DCM as the gold standard, the sensitivity and specificity of the HemoCue method were 93% and 53%, respectively. In the test/train analysis, the newly identified cut-off of 11.00 g/dL, indicated an anemia prevalence of 34.2% in the testing dataset, with a sensitivity of 84% and specificity of 69%. CONCLUSION: This study highlights substantial variability between HemoCue and DCM hemoglobin measurements, which prevented development of a reliable correction factor. The proposed HemoCue cut-off of 11.0 g/dL may improve anemia detection in children under two years of age when compared with the currently recommended threshold. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Mahfuz et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Mahfuz, Mustafa AU - Mahfuz M AD - Nutrition Research Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr, b), Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Khan, Ar-Rafi AU - Khan AR AD - Nutrition Research Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr, b), Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Hasan, S M Tafsir AU - Hasan SMT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6062-4072 AD - Nutrition Research Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr, b), Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Hossain, Md Shabab AU - Hossain MS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2862-8639 AD - Nutrition Research Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr, b), Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Rezwan, A H M AU - Rezwan AHM AD - Nutrition Research Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr, b), Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Mahfuz, Mehjabin Tishan AU - Mahfuz MT AD - Nutrition Research Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr, b), Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Alam, Md Ashraful AU - Alam MA AD - Nutrition Research Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr, b), Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Ahmed, Tahmeed AU - Ahmed T AD - Nutrition Research Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr, b), Dhaka, Bangladesh. AD - Office of Executive Director, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr, b), Dhaka, Bangladesh. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20261016 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 RN - 0 (Hemoglobins) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Hemoglobins/analysis MH - *Anemia/diagnosis/blood/epidemiology MH - Infant MH - Male MH - Child, Preschool MH - Female MH - Sensitivity and Specificity MH - Bangladesh/epidemiology MH - Prevalence PMC - PMC13674700 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/10/16 19:05 MHDA- 2026/10/16 19:06 PMCR- 2026/10/16 CRDT- 2026/10/16 13:35 PHST- 2026/03/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/16 19:06 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/16 19:05 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/16 13:35 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-26-09930 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0346506 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 Oct 16;21(10):e0346506. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0346506. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42885213 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261028 IS - 1536-4801 (Electronic) IS - 0277-2116 (Linking) DP - 2026 Oct 15 TI - Multimodal prediction of infliximab initiation within 6 months after initiation of conventional therapy in pediatric Crohn's disease: A multicenter algorithm development and validation study. LID - 10.1002/jpn3.70602 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: Early prediction of treatment course in pediatric Crohn's disease (CD) remains limited despite the importance of timely biologic therapy. We developed and externally validated a multimodal model integrating colonoscopy images and clinical data to predict infliximab initiation within 6 months after conventional therapy. METHODS: We collected data from children newly diagnosed with CD at three hospitals: Seoul National University Bundang Hospital for internal validation, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, and Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital for external validation. Each patient contributed 7 endoscopic images and 20 clinical variables. An attention-based multiple-instance learning framework aggregated endoscopic images into a patient-level representation and integrated them with clinical features. The imaging encoder used a ResNet-50 backbone pretrained with momentum contrastive learning on GastroNet-5M, and clinical features were encoded using a multilayer perceptron. Performance was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), balanced accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. Explainable AI was evaluated using attention maps (image data) and SHAP values (tabular data). RESULTS: Seventy-seven children were included for model development and internal validation, with external validation performed in two independent cohorts (n = 10 and n = 20). The multimodal model achieved an AUROC of 0.839 and balanced accuracy of 0.732 in the discovery cohort. External-validation AUROCs were 0.857 and 0.688. SHapley Additive exPlanation analysis identified immunoglobulin G, body mass index, prealbumin, hematocrit, and age as key predictors. Attention maps highlighted inflamed mucosa and ulcerative lesions. CONCLUSION: A multimodal model integrating colonoscopy images with clinical data showed promising performance for predicting infliximab initiation within 6 months after conventional therapy in pediatric CD. Multimodal information may support early risk stratification and identify patients who could benefit from earlier biologic intervention. CI - (c) 2026 European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition and North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition. FAU - Kim, Seon Young AU - Kim SY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6433-0242 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Hwang, Seung Ha AU - Hwang SH AD - Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. AD - Department of Electronics and Information Convergence Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea. FAU - Yeo, Dongjin AU - Yeo D AD - Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. AD - Department of Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Kim, Juyeong AU - Kim J AD - Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. AD - Department of Regulatory Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Hwangbo, Gyeom AU - Hwangbo G AD - Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. AD - Department of Precision Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Kim, Do Hyun AU - Kim DH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0064-1732 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Lee, Yoo Min AU - Lee YM AD - Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea. FAU - Woo, Selin AU - Woo S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7961-2074 AD - Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. AD - Department of Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Hahn, Jong Woo AU - Hahn JW AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6331-1314 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea. FAU - Yon, Dong Keon AU - Yon DK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1628-9948 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. AD - Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. AD - Department of Electronics and Information Convergence Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea. AD - Department of Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. AD - Department of Regulatory Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea. AD - Department of Precision Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. LA - eng GR - RS-2024-00509257/Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea/ GR - IITP-2026-RS-2024-00438239/Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea/ GR - RS-2025-02220492/Ministry of Health and Welfare/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261015 PL - United States TA - J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr JT - Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition JID - 8211545 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - SHAP OT - biologic therapy OT - endoscopic imaging OT - inflammatory bowel disease EDAT- 2026/10/16 05:33 MHDA- 2026/10/16 05:33 CRDT- 2026/10/16 02:23 PHST- 2026/09/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/16 02:23 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/jpn3.70602 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2026 Oct 15. doi: 10.1002/jpn3.70602. PMID- 42884734 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261016 LR - 20261020 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 19 DP - 2026 Oct 6 TI - Lipid-Adjusted Vitamin E Status in Children with Chronic Liver Disease: Reclassification Patterns and Differences According to Cholestasis and Liver Transplantation. LID - 10.3390/nu18193283 [doi] LID - 3283 AB - BACKGROUND: Serum alpha-tocopherol depends on lipids, so absolute concentrations misclassify vitamin E status in children with chronic liver disease (CLD). The CALIPER program defined lipid-adjusted E:cholesterol (E:C) and E:triglyceride (E:TG) ratios, but their application in mixed-etiology pediatric CLD using immunoassay has not been reported. METHODS: Exploratory single-center cross-sectional study of 66 children (observed age range 4 months-17.9 years) with mixed-etiology CLD. Retinol and total vitamin E were measured by ELISA, whereas the CALIPER reference intervals applied here were established for alpha-tocopherol measured by HPLC; the two platforms are not interchangeable, so every classification reported is an exploratory application of those cutoffs. Vitamin E status was classified by absolute concentration, E:C (<3.7) and E:TG (<8.5). Cholestatic (n = 15), non-cholestatic (n = 45) and post-transplant (n = 6) groups were compared. RESULTS: Vitamin A was largely preserved (5.2% below WHO). Vitamin E was low in 45.3% by absolute concentration, 62.5% by E:C and 43.8% by E:TG. Of 35 children with a normal absolute vitamin E concentration, 11 (31.4%) were reclassified as low by E:C. Low E:C differed across groups (cholestatic 78.6%, non-cholestatic 63.6%, post-transplant 16.7%; p = 0.030). E:TG was inversely correlated with 25(OH)D (rho = -0.45; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Lipid-adjusted interpretation reclassified a substantial proportion of children whose absolute vitamin E concentration appeared adequate, and the prevalence of a low E:C ratio was lower among post-transplant participants than in the other two groups. In this exploratory cohort, the E:C ratio showed greater potential than the E:TG ratio for lipid-adjusted interpretation of vitamin E status; prospective validation against HPLC-based measurements and established functional indices is required before routine clinical adoption. FAU - Adam, Sorina AU - Adam S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2074-0714 AD - "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania. FAU - Grama, Alina AU - Grama A AD - 2nd Pediatric Discipline, Department of Mother and Child, Faculty of Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania. AD - 2nd Pediatric Clinic, Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children, 400124 Cluj-Napoca, Romania. FAU - Mititelu, Alexandra AU - Mititelu A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0955-4486 AD - 2nd Pediatric Discipline, Department of Mother and Child, Faculty of Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania. AD - 2nd Pediatric Clinic, Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children, 400124 Cluj-Napoca, Romania. FAU - Benta, Gabriel AU - Benta G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2099-8379 AD - 2nd Pediatric Discipline, Department of Mother and Child, Faculty of Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania. AD - 2nd Pediatric Clinic, Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children, 400124 Cluj-Napoca, Romania. FAU - Chereches, Razvan M AU - Chereches RM AD - HIVE Health Innovation Center, Babes-Bolyai University, 400095 Cluj-Napoca, Romania. FAU - Pop, Tudor Lucian AU - Pop TL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4931-1219 AD - 2nd Pediatric Discipline, Department of Mother and Child, Faculty of Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania. AD - 2nd Pediatric Clinic, Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children, 400124 Cluj-Napoca, Romania. LA - eng GR - 771/60/11.01.2023 and 647/53/11.01.2024/Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy/ GR - 100418/29.08.2025, SMIS code 350525/Ministry of Research and Innovation/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261006 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 1406-18-4 (Vitamin E) RN - 0 (Lipids) RN - H4N855PNZ1 (alpha-Tocopherol) RN - 11103-57-4 (Vitamin A) RN - 97C5T2UQ7J (Cholesterol) RN - 0 (Triglycerides) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Female MH - Infant MH - *Vitamin E/blood MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - *Liver Transplantation MH - *Cholestasis/blood MH - *Liver Diseases/blood/surgery MH - Chronic Disease MH - *Lipids/blood MH - alpha-Tocopherol/blood MH - *Vitamin E Deficiency/blood MH - Vitamin A/blood MH - Cholesterol/blood MH - Triglycerides/blood MH - Nutritional Status PMC - PMC13666619 OTO - NOTNLM OT - cholestasis OT - fat-soluble vitamins OT - lipid-adjusted vitamin E OT - liver transplantation OT - pediatric chronic liver disease OT - vitamin E OT - vitamin E-to-cholesterol ratio OT - alpha-tocopherol COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/16 05:33 MHDA- 2026/10/16 05:34 PMCR- 2026/10/06 CRDT- 2026/10/16 01:10 PHST- 2026/08/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/10/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/16 01:10 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18193283 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-03283 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18193283 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Oct 6;18(19):3283. doi: 10.3390/nu18193283. PMID- 42884725 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261016 LR - 20261020 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 19 DP - 2026 Oct 5 TI - Turkish Adaptation of the Clean Food Consumerism Scale: A Validity and Reliability Study. LID - 10.3390/nu18193274 [doi] LID - 3274 AB - Background: Clean food consumerism reflects consumers' preferences for foods perceived as natural, authentic, transparent, and health-promoting. This study aimed to culturally adapt the Clean Food Consumerism Scale (CFCS) into Turkish and evaluate its psychometric properties. Methods: The CFCS was translated, back-translated, reviewed by experts, pilot-tested, and psychometrically evaluated. For the pilot study and factor analyses, the Turkish version was administered to 1637 adults, who were allocated to three mutually exclusive subsamples: n = 180 for the pilot study, n = 500 for EFA, and n = 957 for CFA. An additional, separate sample of 124 participants completed the CFCS twice at a three-week interval for the test-retest analysis. Internal consistency, construct validity, convergent validity, discriminant validity, criterion validity, and test-retest reliability were assessed using Cronbach's alpha, item-total correlations, EFA, CFA, composite reliability (CR), average variance extracted (AVE), the Fornell-Larcker criterion, heterotrait-monotrait (HTMT) ratios, correlations with the Sustainable and Healthy Eating Behaviors Scale (SHEBS), and test-retest correlations. Results: The 18-item CFCS demonstrated excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.948). Sampling adequacy was supported by the KMO value (0.927) and significant Bartlett's test (chi(2) = 7525.229, p < 0.001). EFA supported a five-factor structure comprising Perceived Health Benefits, Production Process Transparency, Authenticity, Perceived Ease of Use, and Familiarity, explaining 80.92% of the total variance. CFA supported the five-factor model. After adding one content-justified residual covariance between two closely related Perceived Health Benefits items, the final model showed acceptable fit (chi(2) = 641.39, df = 124, p < 0.001; CFI = 0.965, TLI = 0.956, NFI = 0.957, RMSEA = 0.066 [90% CI 0.061-0.071], SRMR = 0.047, GFI = 0.926, AGFI = 0.899). Standardized factor loadings ranged from 0.748 to 0.938, composite reliability from 0.873 to 0.940, and average variance extracted from 0.697 to 0.771. HTMT ratios for all factor pairs remained below 0.685 and the Fornell-Larcker criterion was satisfied for every factor, supporting discriminant validity. Test-retest reliability over three weeks was excellent (r = 0.889, p < 0.001), and CFCS scores were positively correlated with SHEBS scores (r = 0.441, p < 0.001). Conclusions: The Turkish version of the CFCS demonstrated strong validity, reliability, and temporal stability while preserving the original five-factor structure. It provides a psychometrically sound instrument for assessing clean food consumerism among Turkish-speaking adults and may support future research in nutrition, public health, sustainability, and consumer behavior. FAU - Sipahi Uygur, Simge AU - Sipahi Uygur S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3070-0601 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul 34752, Turkiye. FAU - Cakir Bicer, Nihan AU - Cakir Bicer N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7581-9083 AD - Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli 41001, Turkiye. FAU - Ones, Ece AU - Ones E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9936-8475 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul 34752, Turkiye. AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul 34752, Turkiye. FAU - Roberts, Sena AU - Roberts S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6052-109X AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul 34752, Turkiye. FAU - Koksal, Selen AU - Koksal S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1181-3619 AD - Department of Culinary, Vocational School, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul 34752, Turkiye. FAU - Turker, Perim Fatma AU - Turker PF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4254-3711 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul 34752, Turkiye. AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul 34752, Turkiye. FAU - Bas, Murat AU - Bas M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0494-301X AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul 34752, Turkiye. AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul 34752, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20261005 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Turkey MH - Female MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Male MH - Adult MH - Psychometrics MH - *Consumer Behavior MH - Middle Aged MH - Pilot Projects MH - Young Adult MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Diet, Healthy MH - *Food Preferences/psychology MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13666638 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Turkish adaptation OT - clean food consumerism OT - psychometric evaluation OT - reliability OT - scale adaptation OT - sustainable nutrition OT - validity COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/16 05:33 MHDA- 2026/10/16 05:34 PMCR- 2026/10/05 CRDT- 2026/10/16 01:10 PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/16 01:10 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18193274 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-03274 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18193274 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Oct 5;18(19):3274. doi: 10.3390/nu18193274. PMID- 42884723 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261016 LR - 20261020 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 19 DP - 2026 Oct 5 TI - Association Between Eating Attitudes and Dental Caries Experience in Young Adults Attending a Private Dental Practice: A Cross-Sectional Study. LID - 10.3390/nu18193273 [doi] LID - 3273 AB - BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Eating attitudes may be linked to oral health through behavioral and lifestyle mechanisms, but data on young adults remain limited. The primary objective was to assess the association between dietary attitudes and caries experience in young adults recruited from a private dental practice. Secondary analyses examined the psychometric properties of the EAT-40 and the relationships of its scores with BMI, oral health behaviors, and lifestyle factors. METHODS: A cross-sectional study included 366 adults aged 18-25 years recruited by convenience sampling from a private dental practice in Iasi. Eating attitudes were assessed using the EAT-40, oral health behaviors using the HU-DBI, and caries experience using the DMFT and DMFS indices. BMI was calculated based on self-reported weight and height. Exploratory factor analysis, Spearman correlations, negative binomial regression, and multiple linear regression were used. RESULTS: The EAT-40 showed good internal consistency (alpha = 0.887), and the three-factor solution explained 36.6% of the variance. The total EAT-40 score showed weak positive correlations with DMFT and DMFS (rho = 0.146; p = 0.005 for both), but was not significantly associated with DMFS in the fully adjusted model (IRR = 1.003; 95% CI: 0.997-1.010; p = 0.293) or in the sensitivity analysis (IRR = 1.005; 95% CI: 0.999-1.012; p = 0.122). None of the three EAT-40 dimensions was significantly associated with DMFS after adjustment. The total EAT-40 score was not significantly associated with BMI. Daily smoking was associated with higher DMFS values, whereas occasional smoking was not. CONCLUSIONS: In the study sample, EAT-40 scores were weakly associated with caries experience, but not independently with BMI. The results regarding EAT-40 dimensions remain exploratory, and the cross-sectional design does not allow for causal conclusions. FAU - Armencia, Adina Oana AU - Armencia AO AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0921-4382 AD - Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania. FAU - Nicolau, Andrei AU - Nicolau A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1423-3820 AD - Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania. FAU - Vasluianu, Roxana Ionela AU - Vasluianu RI AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0867-1135 AD - Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania. FAU - Bolos, Alexandra AU - Bolos A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-1247-0383 AD - Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania. FAU - Balcos, Carina Ana-Maria AU - Balcos CA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7712-1319 AD - Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania. FAU - Ioanid, Nicoleta AU - Ioanid N AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-7558-3730 AD - Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania. FAU - Condurache, Gabriel AU - Condurache G AD - Private Dental Practice, 700106 Iasi, Romania. FAU - Vitalariu, Anca Mihaela AU - Vitalariu AM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8341-8810 AD - Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania. FAU - Gradinaru, Irina AU - Gradinaru I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1676-4668 AD - Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania. FAU - Macovei, Georgiana AU - Macovei G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1152-4216 AD - Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261005 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - *Dental Caries/epidemiology/psychology MH - Young Adult MH - Male MH - Adult MH - Adolescent MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - Oral Health MH - Body Mass Index MH - DMF Index MH - Health Behavior MH - Life Style MH - Psychometrics PMC - PMC13666866 OTO - NOTNLM OT - body mass index OT - dental caries OT - feeding behavior OT - health behavior OT - young adult COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/16 05:33 MHDA- 2026/10/16 05:34 PMCR- 2026/10/05 CRDT- 2026/10/16 01:10 PHST- 2026/09/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/10/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/16 01:10 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18193273 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-03273 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18193273 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Oct 5;18(19):3273. doi: 10.3390/nu18193273. PMID- 42884717 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261016 LR - 20261020 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 19 DP - 2026 Oct 3 TI - Association of Nutritional Status at Diagnosis with Disease Course in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease. LID - 10.3390/nu18193266 [doi] LID - 3266 AB - BACKGROUND: Growth impairment is a major component of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), yet the prognostic role of baseline nutritional status remains debated. We assessed the impact of nutritional status at diagnosis on subsequent medical and surgical disease course. METHODS: We retrospectively studied 183 children with IBD (84 Crohn's disease, 99 ulcerative colitis) followed for at least 18 months. Patients were classified at diagnosis using BMI Z-scores as underweight (n = 35), normal weight (n = 123), or overweight/obese (n = 25). Multivariable regression models-adjusted for diagnosis, biological sex, age at diagnosis, and extraintestinal manifestations/comorbidities-evaluated relapse burden, surgical resection, and longitudinal anthropometric recovery at last follow-up. RESULTS: Baseline underweight status was not independently associated with a higher relapse burden or time to first relapse. A sensitivity analysis excluding surgically resected patients showed higher estimated relapse rates for underweight patients, though these did not reach statistical significance. In exploratory analyses, baseline underweight showed a borderline, non-significant association with subsequent surgical resection (adjusted OR 2.68, 95% CI 0.97-7.27; p = 0.056), warranting validation in larger prospective cohorts. Exploratory VEO-IBD analyses were limited by small subgroup size; within UC, a higher crude resection frequency was observed in VEO-UC than in older-onset UC (15.0% vs. 1.3%), but this finding should be interpreted cautiously. At follow-up, 85.7% of initially underweight patients reached normal weight. Higher baseline BMI Z-score was independently associated with higher follow-up BMI Z-score, whereas therapeutic escalation and total relapse burden were not independently associated with follow-up BMI Z-score. Persistent stunting was very rare (1.9%), precluding multivariable analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Baseline underweight showed a suggestive but non-significant association with subsequent surgical resection, warranting confirmation in larger prospective cohorts, while it was not independently associated with medical disease instability. Substantial weight recovery occurred during pediatric IBD follow-up. Baseline BMI Z-score was associated with BMI Z-score at follow-up, although substantial between-patient variability remained unexplained. FAU - Morelli, Annalisa AU - Morelli A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9052-0266 AD - Digestive Diseases and Nutritional Rehabilitation Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 00165 Rome, Italy. AD - Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", Pediatrics Section, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy. FAU - Caprarelli, Michela AU - Caprarelli M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7166-6545 AD - Digestive Diseases and Nutritional Rehabilitation Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 00165 Rome, Italy. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 00168 Rome, Italy. FAU - Ruiz, Roberta Giusy AU - Ruiz RG AD - Digestive Diseases and Nutritional Rehabilitation Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Mazzoli, Bianca AU - Mazzoli B AD - Digestive Diseases and Nutritional Rehabilitation Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 00165 Rome, Italy. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 00168 Rome, Italy. FAU - Salatto, Alessia AU - Salatto A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3613-4823 AD - Digestive Diseases and Nutritional Rehabilitation Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 00165 Rome, Italy. AD - Department of Pediatrics, University Federico II of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy. FAU - Knafelz, Daniela AU - Knafelz D AD - Digestive Diseases and Nutritional Rehabilitation Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Bracci, Fiammetta AU - Bracci F AD - Digestive Diseases and Nutritional Rehabilitation Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Cardile, Sabrina AU - Cardile S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2912-3154 AD - Digestive Diseases and Nutritional Rehabilitation Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Bolasco, Giulia AU - Bolasco G AD - Digestive Diseases and Nutritional Rehabilitation Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Trovato, Chiara Maria AU - Trovato CM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3869-1815 AD - Digestive Diseases and Nutritional Rehabilitation Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - De Angelis, Paola AU - De Angelis P AD - Gastroenterology, Digestive Endoscopy and Nutrition Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Romeo, Erminia Francesca AU - Romeo EF AD - Gastroenterology, Digestive Endoscopy and Nutrition Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Diamanti, Antonella AU - Diamanti A AD - Digestive Diseases and Nutritional Rehabilitation Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 00165 Rome, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261003 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - Pediatric Crohn's disease SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Nutritional Status MH - Female MH - Male MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Child MH - Thinness/complications MH - Recurrence MH - Adolescent MH - *Colitis, Ulcerative/diagnosis/complications/physiopathology MH - Body Mass Index MH - Disease Progression MH - *Crohn Disease/diagnosis/complications/physiopathology MH - Prognosis MH - *Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/diagnosis/complications MH - Child, Preschool PMC - PMC13667242 OTO - NOTNLM OT - IBD OT - disease course OT - nutritional status COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/16 05:33 MHDA- 2026/10/16 05:34 PMCR- 2026/10/03 CRDT- 2026/10/16 01:10 PHST- 2026/08/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/16 01:10 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18193266 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-03266 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18193266 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Oct 3;18(19):3266. doi: 10.3390/nu18193266. PMID- 42884698 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261016 LR - 20261020 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 19 DP - 2026 Oct 1 TI - Fit-Ideal Internalisation and Disordered Eating in Adolescent Girls: Psychometric Evaluation and Incremental Validity of the Fit Internalization Test. LID - 10.3390/nu18193248 [doi] LID - 3248 AB - OBJECTIVES: The present study aimed to validate the Lithuanian translation of the Fit Ideal Internalization Test (FIIT) in adolescent girls. METHODS: A total of 1067 girls (mean age = 17.27, SD = 0.61; age range = 15-19 years) participated in the study. FIIT, muscular ideal internalization, body dissatisfaction (BD), disordered eating (DE), body appreciation (BA), and exercise motivation were assessed. RESULTS: Exploratory factor analysis (n = 534) replicated the original three-factor structure, explaining 74.43% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis (n = 533) supported the three-factor model, with strong factor loadings. Composite reliability was excellent (McDonald's omega = 0.919-0.969). Measurement invariance was established across sport participation groups, and sport-involved girls reported higher Fit Drive, Fit Overvaluation, and FIIT total scores than non-sport-involved girls. All FIIT subscales were positively associated with muscular internalization, BD, and DE and negatively associated with BA, while Fit Idealisation and Fit Overvaluation showed weak negative associations with autonomous exercise motivation, consistent with the hypothesised pattern of associations. The FIIT explained significant additional variance in DE beyond body mass index, BD, and muscular ideal internalization, with Fit Idealisation showing the strongest unique association (beta = 0.401, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The Lithuanian FIIT appears to be a psychometrically sound instrument for assessing fit ideal internalization among Lithuanian adolescent girls. FAU - Baceviciene, Migle AU - Baceviciene M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9819-2316 AD - Department of Physical and Social Education, Lithuanian Sports University, Sporto 6, 44221 Kaunas, Lithuania. FAU - Balciuniene, Vaiva AU - Balciuniene V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9986-9771 AD - Department of Physical and Social Education, Lithuanian Sports University, Sporto 6, 44221 Kaunas, Lithuania. FAU - Jankauskiene, Rasa AU - Jankauskiene R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5950-0884 AD - Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Sporto 6, 44221 Kaunas, Lithuania. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20261001 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - *Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology/diagnosis MH - *Psychometrics MH - *Body Image/psychology MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Young Adult MH - Body Satisfaction MH - Motivation MH - Exercise/psychology MH - Factor Analysis, Statistical MH - Lithuania MH - Body Dissatisfaction/psychology MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Sports/psychology PMC - PMC13666705 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescent girls OT - body image OT - disordered eating OT - fit ideal internalization OT - measurement invariance OT - psychometric validation OT - sports COIS- The authors report no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/16 05:33 MHDA- 2026/10/16 05:34 PMCR- 2026/10/01 CRDT- 2026/10/16 01:10 PHST- 2026/09/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/16 01:10 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18193248 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-03248 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18193248 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Oct 1;18(19):3248. doi: 10.3390/nu18193248. PMID- 42884696 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261016 LR - 20261020 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 19 DP - 2026 Oct 1 TI - Serum Zinc Concentrations and Dietary Zinc Adequacy in Children and Adolescents with Chronic Conditions: An Exploratory Secondary Analysis. LID - 10.3390/nu18193245 [doi] LID - 3245 AB - Background/Objectives: This secondary analysis evaluated the discordance between dietary adequacy and serum zinc levels in children and adolescents with chronic diseases, exploring the nutritional and biochemical traits of patients within an intermediate serum zinc range. Methods: Serum zinc was measured via atomic absorption spectrophotometry, and dietary tracking was conducted using a prospective 72 h food record. Subgroups were classified using Japanese Society of Clinical Nutrition thresholds (<60, 60-<80, and >/=80 mug/dL), treating the 60-<80 mug/dL band strictly as an operational, exploratory classification rather than a validated pediatric diagnostic standard. Results: Among the 90 participants, 31% fell into the 60-<80 mug/dL intermediate serum range and 61% exhibited inadequate dietary intake. Status discordance was frequent: 41% presented with inadequate dietary intake despite maintaining normal serum levels (>/=80 mug/dL), whereas 11% had intermediate serum levels despite achieving adequate dietary intake. There was no significant association between serum zinc concentration and dietary zinc intake. Operationally classified intermediate-range participants demonstrated several nutritional and biochemical differences, notably showing higher intakes of vitamins B6, D, and E, elevated triglycerides, ESR, and IgG3, alongside lower hemoglobin. Conclusions: Dietary adequacy and serum zinc levels are frequently discordant, reinforcing that these metrics serve as complementary rather than interchangeable indicators of zinc status. The distinct profiles observed within the operational 60-<80 mug/dL category provide candidate relationships that warrant future targeted investigation. FAU - Escobedo-Monge, Marlene Fabiola AU - Escobedo-Monge MF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1295-3752 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, Avenida Ramon y Cajal, 7, 47003 Valladolid, Spain. AD - International Cooperation for Health and Social Development (CIDESS) Group, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Calle Juan de Quesada, 30, 35001 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain. AD - Valladolid Health Research Institute (IBioVALL), C. Rondilla Sta. Teresa, 47010 Valladolid, Spain. FAU - Marugan-Miguelsanz, Jose Manuel AU - Marugan-Miguelsanz JM AD - Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, Avenida Ramon y Cajal, 7, 47003 Valladolid, Spain. AD - Valladolid Health Research Institute (IBioVALL), C. Rondilla Sta. Teresa, 47010 Valladolid, Spain. AD - Section of Gastroenterology and Pediatric Nutrition, University Clinical Hospital of Valladolid, Avenida Ramon y Cajal, 3, 47003 Valladolid, Spain. FAU - Parodi Roman, Joaquin AU - Parodi Roman J AD - Science Faculty, University of Cadiz, Paseo de Carlos III, 28, 11003 Cadiz, Spain. FAU - Escobedo-Monge, Maria Antonieta AU - Escobedo-Monge MA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6318-7333 AD - Department of Chemistry, Science Faculty, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Banuelos SN, 09001 Burgos, Spain. FAU - Bahillo-Curieses, M Pilar AU - Bahillo-Curieses MP AD - Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, Avenida Ramon y Cajal, 7, 47003 Valladolid, Spain. AD - Section of Gastroenterology and Pediatric Nutrition, University Clinical Hospital of Valladolid, Avenida Ramon y Cajal, 3, 47003 Valladolid, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261001 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - J41CSQ7QDS (Zinc) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Zinc/blood/deficiency/administration & dosage MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Female MH - Chronic Disease MH - Male MH - *Nutritional Status MH - *Diet MH - Prospective Studies MH - Secondary Data Analysis MH - Child, Preschool PMC - PMC13667015 OTO - NOTNLM OT - deficient zinc intake OT - low/intermediate zinc deficiency COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/16 05:33 MHDA- 2026/10/16 05:34 PMCR- 2026/10/01 CRDT- 2026/10/16 01:10 PHST- 2026/09/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/16 01:10 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18193245 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-03245 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18193245 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Oct 1;18(19):3245. doi: 10.3390/nu18193245. PMID- 42884691 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261016 LR - 20261020 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 19 DP - 2026 Oct 1 TI - Enteral Feeding During Therapeutic Hypothermia for Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy in Neonates: A Multicentre Study from Italy and Belgium. LID - 10.3390/nu18193240 [doi] LID - 3240 AB - Background: Enteral feeding during therapeutic hypothermia (TH) for hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) remains heterogeneous across centres because of concerns regarding feeding intolerance and the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Evidence regarding optimal feeding initiation and advancement remains limited. Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of a multicentre retrospective cohort of infants with HIE treated with TH at two tertiary neonatal intensive care units in Italy and Belgium between 2011 and 2024. We included survivors with complete nutritional data, aware that this restriction, adopted because feeding-related endpoints cannot be assessed in non-survivors, may introduce survivor bias. Feeding practices, enteral feeding progression, feeding tolerance, and gastrointestinal outcomes were evaluated. Results: Of 302 infants in the original cohort, 276 were included. Enteral feeding during TH was administered to 166 infants (60.1%). Enteral feeding volumes remained low during the first three days of life but progressively increased thereafter. Despite inter-center differences in feeding strategies (initiation and advancement), time to full enteral feeding (median 9 days; IQR 7-12) was comparable overall (Italy: median 9 days, IQR 7-12; Belgium: median 10 days, IQR 7-14; p = 0.323). Infants receiving enteral nutrition during TH were observed to achieve full enteral feeding earlier than those not fed during cooling (median 8.0 vs. 12.0 days, p < 0.001) and to have a shorter length of hospital stay (median 11.0 vs. 15.0 days, p < 0.001). Breastfeeding at discharge was also observed more frequently among infants who received enteral nutrition during TH (79.5% vs. 54.5%, p < 0.001). Feeding intolerance occurred in 47 infants (17.0%) and temporary feeding withdrawal in 31 (11.2%). Only three infants (1.1%) developed Bell stage IIA NEC, with no progression to more advanced disease or surgery. NEC was more frequent among infants with Sarnat stage III HIE than among those with stage I-II disease (8.3% vs. 0.4%, p = 0.022). Conclusions: Enteral feeding during TH was feasible, and gastrointestinal complications were uncommon. These findings support the feasibility of cautious enteral feeding during TH. The concentration of NEC events among infants with severe HIE, although based on only three cases, is hypothesis-generating and suggests that future studies should evaluate feeding strategies according to both neurological severity and physiological stability. Whether earlier initiation or faster advancement is beneficial in clinically stable infants cannot be determined from these observational data and should be addressed in prospective studies. FAU - De Rose, Domenico Umberto AU - De Rose DU AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9076-9838 AD - Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, "Bambino Gesu" Children's Hospital IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Bersani, Iliana AU - Bersani I AD - Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, "Bambino Gesu" Children's Hospital IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Salvatori, Guglielmo AU - Salvatori G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8761-8732 AD - Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, "Bambino Gesu" Children's Hospital IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Campi, Francesca AU - Campi F AD - Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, "Bambino Gesu" Children's Hospital IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Martini, Ludovica AU - Martini L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3090-5949 AD - Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, "Bambino Gesu" Children's Hospital IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Maddaloni, Chiara AU - Maddaloni C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4265-0939 AD - Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, "Bambino Gesu" Children's Hospital IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Ronci, Sara AU - Ronci S AD - Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, "Bambino Gesu" Children's Hospital IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Santisi, Alessandra AU - Santisi A AD - Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, "Bambino Gesu" Children's Hospital IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Savarese, Immacolata AU - Savarese I AD - Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, "Bambino Gesu" Children's Hospital IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Auriti, Cinzia AU - Auriti C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9820-6557 AD - Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Unicamillus, Saint Camillus International University of Health and Medical Sciences, 00131 Rome, Italy. FAU - Camacho Santamaria, Elena AU - Camacho Santamaria E AD - Division of Neonatology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc, Universite Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium. FAU - De Groote, Anais AU - De Groote A AD - Division of Neonatology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc, Universite Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium. FAU - Carkeek, Katherine AU - Carkeek K AD - Division of Neonatology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc, Universite Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium. FAU - Iacona, Giulia AU - Iacona G AD - Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, UK. FAU - Cilio, Maria Roberta AU - Cilio MR AD - Division of Child Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Institute of Neuroscience (IoNS), Universite Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium. FAU - Ronchetti, Maria Paola AU - Ronchetti MP AD - Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, "Bambino Gesu" Children's Hospital IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Braguglia, Annabella AU - Braguglia A AD - Neonatal Sub-Intensive Care Unit and Follow-Up, "Bambino Gesu" Children's Hospital IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Danhaive, Olivier AU - Danhaive O AD - Division of Neonatology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc, Universite Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium. FAU - Dotta, Andrea AU - Dotta A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1260-6427 AD - Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, "Bambino Gesu" Children's Hospital IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Piersigilli, Fiammetta AU - Piersigilli F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6581-2822 AD - Division of Neonatology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc, Universite Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium. LA - eng GR - Current Research funds/Ministero della Salute/ PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Observational Study DEP - 20261001 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Male MH - Belgium MH - *Enteral Nutrition/methods/adverse effects MH - Enterocolitis, Necrotizing/etiology/prevention & control MH - *Hypothermia, Induced/methods/adverse effects MH - *Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain/therapy MH - Intensive Care Units, Neonatal MH - Italy MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Treatment Outcome PMC - PMC13666962 OTO - NOTNLM OT - breastfeeding OT - donor human milk OT - feeding tolerance OT - gastrointestinal outcomes OT - human milk OT - necrotizing enterocolitis OT - neonatal intensive care unit OT - neonatal nutrition OT - nutritional support OT - parenteral nutrition OT - perinatal asphyxia COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/16 05:33 MHDA- 2026/10/16 05:34 PMCR- 2026/10/01 CRDT- 2026/10/16 01:10 PHST- 2026/08/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/16 01:10 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18193240 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-03240 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18193240 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Oct 1;18(19):3240. doi: 10.3390/nu18193240. PMID- 42884672 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261016 LR - 20261020 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 19 DP - 2026 Sep 29 TI - Beyond Self-Reported Adherence and Serology: Stool Gluten Immunogenic Peptides Detection to Assess Gluten Exposure in Children with Celiac Disease on a Gluten-Free Diet. LID - 10.3390/nu18193221 [doi] LID - 3221 AB - Background/Objectives: A lifelong gluten-free diet (GFD) is the only treatment for celiac disease (CD). However, current methods for monitoring GFD adherence do not accurately assess gluten exposure. Stool detection of gluten immunogenic peptides (GIP) may provide an objective tool for detecting recent gluten exposure. The aim of this study was to evaluate stool GIP detection, compared with serology and the validated Biagi dietary questionnaire, for monitoring GFD adherence in children with CD. Methods: In this prospective multicenter study, pediatric patients with CD on a GFD for at least 1 year were enrolled. Serum and stool samples were collected on the same day to assess serum anti-transglutaminase (TTG) and anti-endomysium (EMA) antibodies and stool GIP. Patients also completed the Biagi dietary questionnaire. Results: Forty-one pediatric patients with CD on a GFD for a median of 6.5 years were enrolled. Serum TTG and/or EMA were positive in 8/41 patients (19.5%), Biagi questionnaire identified 8/41 patients (19.5%) as non-adherent, whereas stool GIP was positive in 17/41 (41.5%). Combining serology with the dietary questionnaire increased the proportion of non-adherent patients to 34%. Adding stool GIP detection increased this proportion to 51% and 46% when combined with serology or the dietary questionnaire, respectively. Overall, 23/41 patients (56%) showed evidence of gluten exposure when positivity in at least one of the three methods was considered. Conclusions: A high rate of recent gluten exposure was detected in children with CD on a long-term GFD. Stool GIP detection may provide complementary information to conventional methods for monitoring GFD adherence and may help identify patients requiring further dietary assessment or intervention. FAU - Ziberna, Fabiana AU - Ziberna F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9748-902X AD - Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Via dell'Istria 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy. FAU - Fontana, Giorgia AU - Fontana G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7268-4104 AD - Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Via dell'Istria 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy. FAU - Zanchi, Chiara AU - Zanchi C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8513-1963 AD - Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Via dell'Istria 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy. FAU - Bobbo, Marco AU - Bobbo M AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy. FAU - Spinelli, Elena AU - Spinelli E AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-6102-2250 AD - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy. FAU - Grimaldi, Maria Cristina AU - Grimaldi MC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4646-0032 AD - Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Via dell'Istria 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy. FAU - Tizi, Fatima AU - Tizi F AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-8001-3314 AD - Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Via dell'Istria 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy. FAU - Di Leo, Grazia AU - Di Leo G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6313-4482 AD - Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Via dell'Istria 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy. FAU - Martelossi, Stefano AU - Martelossi S AD - Ca' Foncello Hospital, 31100 Treviso, Italy. FAU - Not, Tarcisio AU - Not T AD - Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Via dell'Istria 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy. FAU - De Leo, Luigina AU - De Leo L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4013-1630 AD - Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Via dell'Istria 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy. LA - eng GR - RC11/19/Ministry of Health/ PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study DEP - 20260929 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 8002-80-0 (Glutens) RN - 0 (Peptides) RN - 0 (Autoantibodies) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Celiac Disease/diet therapy/immunology/blood MH - *Diet, Gluten-Free MH - Child MH - Female MH - *Glutens/immunology/analysis MH - *Feces/chemistry MH - Male MH - Prospective Studies MH - *Patient Compliance MH - Adolescent MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Peptides/analysis/immunology MH - Self Report MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Autoantibodies/blood PMC - PMC13667095 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Biagi questionnaire OT - celiac disease OT - gluten immunogenic peptides OT - gluten-free diet COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/16 05:33 MHDA- 2026/10/16 05:34 PMCR- 2026/09/29 CRDT- 2026/10/16 01:10 PHST- 2026/09/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/16 01:10 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18193221 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-03221 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18193221 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Sep 29;18(19):3221. doi: 10.3390/nu18193221. PMID- 42884631 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261016 LR - 20261020 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 19 DP - 2026 Sep 26 TI - Dietary Management of IgE-Mediated and Non-IgE-Mediated Food Allergies: A Systematic Review of Current Evidence and Clinical Implications. LID - 10.3390/nu18193180 [doi] LID - 3180 AB - BACKGROUND: Food allergy is an increasing global health problem associated with substantial clinical, nutritional, and psychosocial burden. METHODS: This systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA 2020 Statement. PubMed/MEDLINE and Scopus were systematically searched for studies published between January 2016 and December 2025. A total of 218 records were identified, of which 180 were screened after duplicate removal; 14 studies met the predefined eligibility criteria and were included in the qualitative synthesis. Methodological quality was assessed using validated appraisal tools according to study design, and findings were synthesized narratively following the SWIM guideline. RESULTS: Avoidance of confirmed culprit foods remains a central component of food allergy management, although prolonged or unnecessarily restrictive elimination may adversely affect dietary diversity, nutritional adequacy, growth, and quality of life, particularly in children and patients with multiple food allergies. Randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews support early allergen introduction for prevention of IgE-mediated food allergies and oral immunotherapy as an active treatment option in selected patients with IgE-mediated food allergies, although treatment-related adverse events remain an important consideration. In contrast, evidence supporting several dietary management strategies for non-IgE-mediated food allergies is more frequently derived from observational studies and evidence-based recommendations, highlighting important gaps in the current evidence base. CONCLUSIONS: Current evidence supports individualized dietary management based on regular reassessment, nutritional monitoring, supervised food reintroduction when clinically appropriate, and multidisciplinary care. The evidence supporting different dietary strategies remains heterogeneous, particularly for non-IgE-mediated food allergies, emphasizing the need for further high-quality research. FAU - Gratacos Gomez, Alejandro Raul AU - Gratacos Gomez AR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9456-5760 AD - Servicio de Endocrinologia y Nutricion del Hospital Universitario de Toledo, 45071 Toledo, Spain. FAU - Iniesta Tejera, Esther AU - Iniesta Tejera E AD - Servicio de Alergologia del Hospital General Universitario de Ciudad Real, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain. FAU - Bas Bellver, Laura AU - Bas Bellver L AD - Servicio de Alergologia del Hospital General Universitario de Ciudad Real, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain. FAU - Pablo, Sergio Serrano de AU - Pablo SS AD - Servicio de Alergologia del Hospital General Universitario de Ciudad Real, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain. FAU - Clar Castello, Miriam AU - Clar Castello M AD - Servicio de Alergologia del Hospital General Universitario de Ciudad Real, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain. FAU - Gomez Torrijos, Elisa AU - Gomez Torrijos E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4532-2498 AD - Servicio de Alergologia del Hospital General Universitario de Ciudad Real, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20260926 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 37341-29-0 (Immunoglobulin E) RN - 0 (Allergens) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Food Hypersensitivity/immunology/diet therapy MH - *Immunoglobulin E/immunology MH - Child MH - Elimination Diets MH - Child, Preschool MH - Quality of Life MH - Allergens/immunology MH - Female MH - Male PMC - PMC13666680 OTO - NOTNLM OT - IgE-mediated food allergy OT - dietary management OT - elimination diet OT - food allergy OT - non-IgE-mediated food allergy OT - nutrition OT - oral immunotherapy OT - systematic review COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/16 05:33 MHDA- 2026/10/16 05:34 PMCR- 2026/09/26 CRDT- 2026/10/16 01:10 PHST- 2026/07/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/16 01:10 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18193180 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-03180 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18193180 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Sep 26;18(19):3180. doi: 10.3390/nu18193180. PMID- 42884617 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261016 LR - 20261020 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 19 DP - 2026 Sep 25 TI - Evaluation of a Wearable Hydration Monitor for Estimating Sweat Loss and Hydration Status in Collegiate Athletes: A Pilot Study. LID - 10.3390/nu18193166 [doi] LID - 3166 AB - BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Instantaneous, accurate assessment of hydration and sweat loss has potential to optimize athlete performance and reduce risks associated with excessive exercise-related fluid loss. Reusable wearable hydration monitors, such as hDrop monitors, are an emerging non-invasive, quick, and easy to use alternative to existing methods. PURPOSE: To assess the accuracy of the hDrop wearable sweat monitors for estimating sweat loss and hydration status compared to established field-based measures, including body mass change and urine indices. METHODS: Division I male collegiate soccer athletes contributed repeated training-session observations (38 total observations; 18 complete observations for sweat-loss analyses and 36 for hydration-score-USG analyses). They completed training sessions during which pre- and post-exercise body mass, fluid intake, urine output, and urine samples were collected. Sweat loss was calculated using changes in body mass adjusted for fluid balance. hDrop-derived estimates of sweat loss and hydration status were compared to criterion measures using mean bias, percent of criterion, mean absolute percent error (MAPE), repeated-measures Bland-Altman analysis, and generalized estimating equations accounting for observations clustered within athletes. Associations between hydration scores and urine-based markers were assessed using generalized estimating equations accounting for observations clustered within athletes. RESULTS: The hDrop generated a sweat-loss estimate for 18 of 38 training-session observations (47.4%). Repeated-measures mean bias for sweat loss was -0.423 L (95% CI -1.106 to 0.259 L). The hDrop estimates averaged 106.2 +/- 64.8% of criterion while MAPE was 50.3%, reflecting large individual error. In the repeated-measures analysis, criterion-measured sweat loss was positively associated with hDrop-estimated sweat loss (B = 0.204, 95% CI 0.018 to 0.391, p = 0.032). Significant proportional bias was present (slope = -0.790, 95% CI -1.438 to -0.143, p = 0.020), indicating greater underestimation at higher sweat-loss values. In repeated-measures GEE analyses, USG was not significantly associated with the hDrop hydration score either before practice (B = -407.9, 95% CI -1008.7 to 192.8, p = 0.183) or after practice (B = -135.0, 95% CI -803.8 to 533.7, p = 0.692). CONCLUSIONS: The hDrop generated sweat-loss estimates in fewer than half of training-session observations and demonstrated substantial individual-level error and significant proportional bias when estimates were available. Although the instantaneous hydration score decreased following exercise, its lack of association with USG leaves its physiological meaning and criterion validity uncertain. These findings do not support use of the hDrop as an interchangeable substitute for established methods of individualized sweat-loss or hydration assessment. FAU - Snyder, Jill McCann AU - Snyder JM AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-4031-3763 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Brooks College of Health, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA. FAU - Toth, Lindsay AU - Toth L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5856-2012 AD - Department of Clinical and Applied Movement Sciences, Brooks College of Health, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA. FAU - Aguero, Elysse AU - Aguero E AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Brooks College of Health, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA. FAU - Brennan, Colleen AU - Brennan C AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Brooks College of Health, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA. FAU - Duarte, Kassandra AU - Duarte K AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Brooks College of Health, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA. LA - eng GR - Brooks College of Health Pilot Research Grant/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260925 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Pilot Projects MH - *Wearable Electronic Devices MH - *Athletes MH - *Sweating/physiology MH - Young Adult MH - *Organism Hydration Status MH - *Dehydration/diagnosis MH - Water-Electrolyte Balance MH - Sweat MH - Monitoring, Physiologic/instrumentation MH - Adolescent MH - Drinking MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Soccer MH - Exercise/physiology PMC - PMC13666982 OTO - NOTNLM OT - hydration assessment OT - sweat loss OT - validity COIS- hDrop Technologies Inc. donated the wearable monitors used in this study. The company had no role in the study design; collection, analysis, or interpretation of the data; preparation of the manuscript; or decision to submit the manuscript for publication. hDrop Technologies Inc. did not have access to the raw study data before manuscript preparation or submission. The authors declare no other conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/16 05:33 MHDA- 2026/10/16 05:34 PMCR- 2026/09/25 CRDT- 2026/10/16 01:10 PHST- 2026/08/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/16 01:10 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18193166 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-03166 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18193166 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Sep 25;18(19):3166. doi: 10.3390/nu18193166. PMID- 42884589 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261019 LR - 20261020 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 19 DP - 2026 Sep 23 TI - The Gut-Skin Axis in Pediatric Atopic Dermatitis: Nutritional Modulation, Microbiome Interactions, and Emerging Precision Approaches. LID - 10.3390/nu18193138 [doi] LID - 3138 AB - BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Pediatric atopic dermatitis (AD) is a barrier-driven inflammatory skin disease with systemic immune and microbial correlates. The gut-skin axis offers a biologically plausible framework through which early-life nutrition, gut microbial metabolism, intestinal barrier function, and immune maturation may influence disease risk and expression, but much of the supporting evidence remains associative. This narrative review asks which nutritional strategies are supported by clinical evidence in children with AD, which remain investigational, and how far the field is from precision nutrition. METHODS: PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched up to 31 July 2026; guidelines, systematic reviews, randomized trials, birth cohorts, and mechanistic studies with pediatric relevance were prioritized and appraised narratively. RESULTS: Breastfeeding when possible, dietary diversity during complementary feeding, avoidance of unnecessary elimination diets, correction of documented nutritional deficiencies, and management of confirmed food allergy are supported by current guidance. Probiotics and synbiotics lower SCORAD in meta-analyses, but the pooled effect is small, heterogeneous, and below the minimal clinically important difference, so they are best described as an optional adjunct rather than a recommended treatment; Mediterranean-style or high-fiber dietary patterns are backed mainly by observational data. Microbiome profiling, metabolomics, multi-omics endotyping, and artificial intelligence remain research tools without validated predictive value for dietary responses. CONCLUSIONS: Nutrition is an adjunct to, not a substitute for, established topical and systemic therapy in pediatric AD. Precision nutrition is a promising research direction rather than an established component of routine care, and its clinical value will depend on standardized biomarkers and well-designed longitudinal and interventional studies. FAU - Miulescu, Raluca-Gabriela AU - Miulescu RG AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila", 020021 Bucharest, Romania. AD - Saint Constantin Hospital, 500388 Brasov, Romania. FAU - Costescu, Mihnea AU - Costescu M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3678-7584 AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila", 020021 Bucharest, Romania. FAU - Marin, Ruxandra-Cristina AU - Marin RC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3182-1683 AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila", 020021 Bucharest, Romania. FAU - Musetescu, Alina AU - Musetescu A AD - Department of Dermatology, "Dr. Victor Babes" Clinical Hospital of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, 030303 Bucharest, Romania. AD - Department of Dermatology, "Titu Maiorescu" University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania. FAU - Muntean, Calin AU - Muntean C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0497-0405 AD - Department III Functional Science, Discipline of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania. FAU - Rosca, Ioana AU - Rosca I AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-4629-5820 AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila", 020021 Bucharest, Romania. AD - Pediatrics Department, National Institute for Mother and Child Health "Alessandrescu-Rusescu", 20382 Bucharest, Romania. FAU - Adam, Iris-Iuliana AU - Adam II AD - Saint Constantin Hospital, 500388 Brasov, Romania. FAU - Ilici, Alina AU - Ilici A AD - Adeomed Clinic, 061344 Bucharest, Romania. FAU - Coman, Oana Andreia AU - Coman OA AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila", 020021 Bucharest, Romania. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260923 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - *Gastrointestinal Microbiome/physiology MH - *Skin/microbiology MH - *Dermatitis, Atopic/complications/microbiology/therapy MH - Intestinal Barrier Function MH - *Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena/physiology MH - *Precision Medicine/methods MH - Probiotics/administration & dosage MH - Diet MH - Dysbiosis/complications/microbiology/therapy MH - Humans MH - Child PMC - PMC13667208 OTO - NOTNLM OT - biomarkers OT - gut microbiome OT - gut-skin axis OT - microbial metabolites OT - nutrition OT - pediatric atopic dermatitis OT - precision nutrition OT - probiotics COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/16 05:33 MHDA- 2026/10/16 05:34 PMCR- 2026/09/23 CRDT- 2026/10/16 01:10 PHST- 2026/08/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/16 01:10 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18193138 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-03138 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18193138 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Sep 23;18(19):3138. doi: 10.3390/nu18193138. PMID- 42884588 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261016 LR - 20261020 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 19 DP - 2026 Sep 23 TI - Host-Microbiota Interactions in Adolescents with Severe Anorexia Nervosa: Linking Gut Dysbiosis, Intestinal Barrier Function and Microbial Metabolism. LID - 10.3390/nu18193136 [doi] LID - 3136 AB - BACKGROUND: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is increasingly recognized as a multisystem disorder involving complex host-microbiota interactions, yet prospective pediatric studies with a comprehensive, longitudinal characterization of host-microbiota interactions remain scarce. METHODS: In this prospective longitudinal study, 26 adolescents with severe AN were evaluated at hospital admission (T0), after one month (T1), and after three months of inpatient nutritional rehabilitation (T2). Gut microbiota composition was assessed by 16S rRNA sequencing and compared with healthy controls (HC) at the baseline; predicted functional profiling was performed using PICRUSt2. Serum and urinary biomarkers of intestinal barrier integrity and microbial metabolism, routine clinical and biochemical parameters, and psychometric scores (CDI-2, MASC-2) were evaluated longitudinally using linear mixed-effects models. RESULTS: At the baseline, adolescents with AN showed reduced bacterial richness compared with healthy controls, with significantly lower Chao1 diversity (p = 0.00013), whereas the Shannon and Simpson indices did not differ significantly (p = 0.54 and p = 0.27, respectively). Microbial community composition differed significantly between groups based on Bray-Curtis (R(2) = 0.0724, FDR-adjusted p = 0.001) and unweighted UniFrac (R(2) = 0.0540, FDR-adjusted p = 0.001) distances. LEfSe identified 19 differentially abundant taxa; among the strongest discriminators, Blautia_A_141781, Romboutsia_B, and Clostridium_T were enriched in AN, whereas Akkermansia, Phocaeicola_A_858004, and Bacteroides_H were enriched in the healthy controls. Nutritional rehabilitation was associated with partial microbiota remodeling, alongside significant improvements in BMI and heart rate. Several host-derived biomarkers, including urinary indican, serotonin, nitric oxide, and serum occludin, changed significantly over time, whereas bile acids, short-chain fatty acids, IgA, lipopolysaccharide, and haptoglobin remained stable. CONCLUSIONS: Gut microbiota and host-derived biomarkers evolve dynamically during nutritional rehabilitation in adolescents with severe AN, supporting their potential role as complementary tools for monitoring biological recovery. FAU - Gargiullo, Livia AU - Gargiullo L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0316-6359 AD - General Pediatrics, Infectious Diseases and Level II Pediatric Emergency Department Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Del Chierico, Federica AU - Del Chierico F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4204-4736 AD - Unit of Microbiome, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy. FAU - Marchili, Maria Rosaria AU - Marchili MR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6787-8198 AD - General Pediatrics, Infectious Diseases and Level II Pediatric Emergency Department Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Irrera, Mariangela AU - Irrera M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-3274-9756 AD - General Pediatrics, Infectious Diseases and Level II Pediatric Emergency Department Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Pretelli, Italo AU - Pretelli I AD - Anorexia and Eating Disorders Unit, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Scanu, Matteo AU - Scanu M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6266-2884 AD - Unit of Microbiome, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy. FAU - Toto, Francesca AU - Toto F AD - Unit of Microbiome, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy. FAU - Grandin, Annalisa AU - Grandin A AD - General Pediatrics, Infectious Diseases and Level II Pediatric Emergency Department Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Marotta, Rosaria AU - Marotta R AD - General Pediatrics, Infectious Diseases and Level II Pediatric Emergency Department Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Mascolo, Cristina AU - Mascolo C AD - General Pediatrics, Infectious Diseases and Level II Pediatric Emergency Department Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Cirillo, Flavia AU - Cirillo F AD - General Pediatrics, Infectious Diseases and Level II Pediatric Emergency Department Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Colistra, Valentina AU - Colistra V AD - General Pediatrics, Infectious Diseases and Level II Pediatric Emergency Department Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Ricci, Ludovica AU - Ricci L AD - Pediatrics Residency Program, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy. FAU - Zanna, Valeria AU - Zanna V AD - Anorexia and Eating Disorders Unit, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Putignani, Lorenza AU - Putignani L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0134-2830 AD - Department of Life Sciences, Health and Health Professions, Link Campus University, 00165 Rome, Italy. AD - Unit of Microbiomics and Unit of Microbiome, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy. FAU - Villani, Alberto AU - Villani A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9120-0424 AD - General Pediatrics, Infectious Diseases and Level II Pediatric Emergency Department Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy. AD - Systems Medicine Departments, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy. LA - eng GR - RC2025_IMMUNO_GARGIULLO, RC2025_INNOV_DELCHIERICO/Ministry of Health/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260923 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 16S) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Anorexia Nervosa/microbiology MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Intestinal Barrier Function MH - *Dysbiosis/microbiology MH - Prospective Studies MH - *Gastrointestinal Microbiome/physiology MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Biomarkers/blood/urine MH - RNA, Ribosomal, 16S MH - Bacteria/classification/metabolism MH - Male PMC - PMC13666687 OTO - NOTNLM OT - anorexia nervosa OT - biomarkers OT - gut microbiota OT - gut-brain axis OT - intestinal permeability OT - nutritional rehabilitation COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/16 05:33 MHDA- 2026/10/16 05:34 PMCR- 2026/09/23 CRDT- 2026/10/16 01:10 PHST- 2026/08/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/16 01:10 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18193136 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-03136 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18193136 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Sep 23;18(19):3136. doi: 10.3390/nu18193136. PMID- 42884577 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261016 LR - 20261020 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 19 DP - 2026 Sep 23 TI - Dietary and Fluid-Intake Habits in Patients with Various Types of Urinary Incontinence: A Preliminary Study. LID - 10.3390/nu18193127 [doi] LID - 3127 AB - Background/Objectives: Urinary incontinence (UI) is common in women, particularly during and after the menopausal transition, and may both influence and be influenced by dietary and fluid-intake behaviours. This exploratory study described self-reported dietary and fluid-intake habits in women with different UI subtypes and explored their associations with pelvic floor symptom burden and self-reported fluid restriction. Energy and nutrient intake was not quantified. Methods: This exploratory, cross-sectional, single-centre study included 87 women aged 18-84 years with stress (SUI; n = 23), urgency (UUI; n = 21), or mixed (MUI; n = 43) UI, who reported UI at least weekly. Participants completed a custom dietary and fluid-intake questionnaire, the Incontinence Quality of Life Questionnaire (I-QOL), and the Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory-20 (PFDI-20). Associations were assessed using rank correlations and proportional-odds ordinal logistic regression, with Benjamini-Hochberg correction used to address multiplicity in exploratory item-level analyses. Results: No individual diet-PFDI association remained statistically significant after Benjamini-Hochberg correction across the complete 100-test matrix. In the adjusted model, an urgency component was associated with greater self-reported fluid restriction (adjusted cumulative OR = 2.92; 95% CI, 1.18-7.20), whereas each 10-year increase in age was associated with lower odds of greater restriction (adjusted cumulative OR = 0.68; 95% CI, 0.51-0.92). Conclusions: Greater self-reported fluid restriction was independently associated with an urgency component and with younger age, whereas no individual dietary or fluid-intake item remained statistically significant after correction for multiple comparisons. Given the potential risk of the practice, these findings support asking women with urgency symptoms about fluid restriction during clinical consultations. Prospective studies using a validated quantitative dietary instrument are needed to determine whether dietary and fluid-intake habits affect pelvic floor symptom burden. FAU - Piatek, Aleksandra AU - Piatek A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5887-817X AD - Department of Gynecology, Independent Public Health Care Center of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration in Wroclaw, 50-233 Wroclaw, Poland. FAU - Kolodynska, Gabriela AU - Kolodynska G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7921-7058 AD - Faculty of Physiotherapy, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland. FAU - Nowak, Krzysztof AU - Nowak K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2230-9012 AD - Department of Gynecology, Independent Public Health Care Center of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration in Wroclaw, 50-233 Wroclaw, Poland. FAU - Drapala, Jaroslaw AU - Drapala J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7251-9595 AD - Faculty of Information and Communication Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland. FAU - Fink-Lwow, Felicja AU - Fink-Lwow F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4323-7134 AD - Faculty of Physiotherapy, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland. FAU - Andrzejewski, Waldemar AU - Andrzejewski W AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0010-3021 AD - Faculty of Physiotherapy, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland. FAU - Zalewski, Maciej AU - Zalewski M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0924-6870 AD - Department of Gynecology, Independent Public Health Care Center of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration in Wroclaw, 50-233 Wroclaw, Poland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260923 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - Aged MH - Adult MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - Quality of Life MH - *Diet MH - *Urinary Incontinence/physiopathology MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - *Drinking MH - *Drinking Behavior MH - Urinary Incontinence, Stress PMC - PMC13666888 OTO - NOTNLM OT - PFDI-20 OT - dietary habits OT - fluid intake OT - nutrition OT - overactive bladder OT - urinary incontinence COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/16 05:33 MHDA- 2026/10/16 05:34 PMCR- 2026/09/23 CRDT- 2026/10/16 01:10 PHST- 2026/07/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/16 01:10 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18193127 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-03127 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18193127 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Sep 23;18(19):3127. doi: 10.3390/nu18193127. PMID- 42884202 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261016 LR - 20261022 IS - 1424-8220 (Electronic) IS - 1424-8220 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 19 DP - 2026 Sep 22 TI - Quantifying Physical Activity in Toddlers with Down Syndrome with Wearable Sensors During a Home-Based Mobility Intervention. LID - 10.3390/s26196002 [doi] LID - 6002 AB - BACKGROUND: Quantifying movement during early mobility interventions is important for evaluating intervention participation and progression in toddlers with Down syndrome (DS), but behavioral video coding is time and labor-intensive. This study established and evaluated an activity count cutpoint for distinguishing moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary-to-light physical activity (SLPA) in toddlers with DS during a home-based mobility intervention using a wearable accelerometer integrated into a body-weight support harness system. METHODS: Video recordings behaviorally coded for MVPA and SLPA were synchronized with accelerometer activity counts binned in 5 s epochs. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to determine both group-derived and participant-specific activity count cutpoints. RESULTS: The optimal group-derived cutpoint was 141 activity counts per 5 s, demonstrating strong classification performance (AUC = 0.903), with 94.4% sensitivity, 70.2% specificity, and an overall classification accuracy of 79.2%. Participant-specific cutpoints resulted in only minimal improvements in classification performance. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that using individualized cutpoints may not be necessary for classifying MVPA in toddlers with DS during this intervention, though replication in a larger sample is warranted. A standardized activity count cutpoint may provide a practical approach for objectively monitoring activity during home-based mobility interventions. FAU - Athreya, Varsha AU - Athreya V AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-9982-0824 AD - Department of Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA. FAU - Mishra, Simoni AU - Mishra S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-8389-8748 AD - Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA. FAU - Collimore-Doherty, Ashley N AU - Collimore-Doherty AN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6002-3667 AD - Department of Physical Therapy, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA. FAU - Sutter, Ellen N AU - Sutter EN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9883-8471 AD - Department of Physical Therapy, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA. FAU - Iverson, Jana M AU - Iverson JM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9160-7825 AD - Department of Physical Therapy, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA. LA - eng GR - 1UL1TR001430/Clinical and Translational Science Institute/ GR - 1R21HD111945-01/NH/NIH HHS/United States GR - 1F32HD117600-01/NH/NIH HHS/United States GR - F32 HD117600/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States GR - R21 HD111945/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States GR - Boston University/ GR - UL1 TR001430/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260922 PL - Switzerland TA - Sensors (Basel) JT - Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101204366 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Down Syndrome/physiopathology MH - *Wearable Electronic Devices MH - *Exercise/physiology MH - Child, Preschool MH - Accelerometry/methods/instrumentation MH - Female MH - Male MH - ROC Curve MH - Infant PMC - PMC13667628 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Down syndrome OT - accelerometer OT - intervention OT - physical activity OT - toddler OT - wearable sensor COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2026/10/16 05:33 MHDA- 2026/10/16 05:34 PMCR- 2026/09/22 CRDT- 2026/10/16 01:08 PHST- 2026/07/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/16 01:08 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - s26196002 [pii] AID - sensors-26-06002 [pii] AID - 10.3390/s26196002 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sensors (Basel). 2026 Sep 22;26(19):6002. doi: 10.3390/s26196002. PMID- 42883820 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261016 LR - 20261020 IS - 1422-0067 (Electronic) IS - 1422-0067 (Linking) VI - 27 IP - 19 DP - 2026 Sep 25 TI - Maternal Gestational Hypertension Is Associated with Reduced TSG-6 in Human Milk: Potential Implications for Neonatal Immunological Support. LID - 10.3390/ijms27198573 [doi] LID - 8573 AB - Tumor necrosis factor alpha-stimulated protein 6 (TSG-6) is a potent anti-inflammatory mediator secreted by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In human milk (HM), these cells (human milk mesenchymal stem cells, HM-MSCs) contribute to postnatal programming of the neonatal gastrointestinal immune axis. This study assessed how maternal gestational hypertension and maternal age affect the cytoprotective TSG-6 pool and its associated immunomodulatory microRNA signature in early milk. Early colostrum, 2-4 days postpartum, from healthy mothers and hypertensive patients was analyzed. TSG-6 gene expression in the heterogeneous milk cellular fraction containing HM-MSCs and TSG-6 protein concentration in whole milk were determined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), respectively. Comprehensive multivariable General Linear Models (GLMs) were used to adjust for potential confounding variables, including pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index (BMI), gestational age (GA), and gestational diabetes. Additionally, TSG-6 levels were correlated with fetal cord blood gas parameters and previously profiled microRNAs in the cellular fraction. GLM analysis revealed that gestational hypertension remained significantly associated with reduced TSG-6 gene expression in the cellular fraction and total TSG-6 protein concentration in whole milk, regardless of pre-pregnancy BMI or metabolic comorbidities. In healthy pregnancies, exploratory analyses suggested that TSG-6 levels correlated positively with optimal fetal metabolic status (cord blood pH). Importantly, TSG-6 expression showed a strong positive correlation with a signature of immunomodulatory microRNAs (miR) (miR-155-5p, miR-21-3p, miR-126-3p). These microRNAs were concurrently downregulated in the hypertensive group; however, because all hypertensive participants received methyldopa, the independent contributions of hypertension and antihypertensive treatment to these changes cannot be distinguished. Gestational hypertension independently reduces the anti-inflammatory TSG-6 in early breast milk. The concomitant reduction in TSG-6 and its correlated microRNA co-expression pattern indicates an altered immunomodulatory profile within the mammary gland during lactation. We hypothesize that these changes might alter the local immunomodulatory properties of milk in the neonatal gastrointestinal tract. However, because no functional in vitro or in vivo assays were performed, this remains a purely theoretical implication that requires future experimental validation. FAU - Przywara, Dominika AU - Przywara D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6143-9653 AD - Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, 11 Radziwillowska Str., 20-080 Lublin, Poland. AD - Doctoral School, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland. FAU - Kondracka, Adrianna AU - Kondracka A AD - Department of Obstetrics and Pathology of Pregnancy, Medical University of Lublin, 11 Staszica Str., 20-081 Lublin, Poland. FAU - Petniak, Alicja AU - Petniak A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9926-0870 AD - Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, 11 Radziwillowska Str., 20-080 Lublin, Poland. FAU - Slyk-Gulewska, Patrycja AU - Slyk-Gulewska P AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-6201-6514 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Pathology of Pregnancy, Medical University of Lublin, 11 Staszica Str., 20-081 Lublin, Poland. FAU - Drag, Magdalena AU - Drag M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9351-8997 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Pathology of Pregnancy, Medical University of Lublin, 11 Staszica Str., 20-081 Lublin, Poland. FAU - Szymanowska, Urszula AU - Szymanowska U AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9692-2111 AD - Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Life Sciences, 8 Skromna Str., 20-704 Lublin, Poland. FAU - Czuba, Monika AU - Czuba M AD - Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, 11 Radziwillowska Str., 20-080 Lublin, Poland. FAU - Jaremek, Milena AU - Jaremek M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9504-2216 AD - Department of Invertebrate Ecophysiology and Experimental Biology, Faculty of Environmental Biology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 54 Doswiadczalna Street, 20-280 Lublin, Poland. FAU - Strachecka, Aneta AU - Strachecka A AD - Department of Invertebrate Ecophysiology and Experimental Biology, Faculty of Environmental Biology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 54 Doswiadczalna Street, 20-280 Lublin, Poland. FAU - Kocki, Janusz AU - Kocki J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9541-6353 AD - Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, 11 Radziwillowska Str., 20-080 Lublin, Poland. FAU - Gil-Kulik, Paulina AU - Gil-Kulik P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3119-981X AD - Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, 11 Radziwillowska Str., 20-080 Lublin, Poland. LA - eng GR - Grant nr: INT/006/2025/IV-N)./Union of Lublin Universities/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260925 PL - Switzerland TA - Int J Mol Sci JT - International journal of molecular sciences JID - 101092791 RN - 0 (TNFAIP6 protein, human) RN - 0 (Cell Adhesion Molecules) RN - 0 (MicroRNAs) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Cell Adhesion Molecules/metabolism/genetics MH - Pregnancy MH - *Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced/metabolism/immunology/genetics MH - *Milk, Human/metabolism/immunology MH - MicroRNAs/genetics/metabolism MH - Adult MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Mesenchymal Stem Cells/metabolism PMC - PMC13665462 OTO - NOTNLM OT - HM-MSCs OT - TSG-6 OT - fetal metabolic status OT - gestational hypertension OT - human milk mesenchymal stem cells OT - microRNA COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/16 05:33 MHDA- 2026/10/16 05:34 PMCR- 2026/09/25 CRDT- 2026/10/16 01:07 PHST- 2026/08/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/16 01:07 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ijms27198573 [pii] AID - ijms-27-08573 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijms27198573 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Mol Sci. 2026 Sep 25;27(19):8573. doi: 10.3390/ijms27198573. PMID- 42882043 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261016 LR - 20261020 IS - 2077-0383 (Print) IS - 2077-0383 (Electronic) IS - 2077-0383 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 19 DP - 2026 Sep 29 TI - Continuous Glucose Monitoring for Women with Gestational Diabetes, CORDELIA: A Multicentric Randomized Controlled Trial, Methodology and Design. LID - 10.3390/jcm15197581 [doi] LID - 7581 AB - Background/Objectives: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with increased short- and long-term risks for both mother and child. Screening and treatment between 24 and 30 weeks' gestation reduces adverse pregnancy outcomes, while emerging evidence suggests that earlier diagnosis and treatment (<20 weeks') in high-risk populations may further improve neonatal outcomes. Currently, self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) remains the standard of care for management but provides only intermittent glycemic data and limited insight into overall glucose patterns. Real-time continuous glucose monitoring (rt-CGM) has transformed management in pregnancies complicated by type 1 diabetes but has shown conflicting results in GDM; it is thus unclear whether similar benefits may extend to women with GDM, including women with early GDM. Methods: The Continuous Glucose Monitoring for Women With Gestational Diabetes (CORDELIA) study is an ongoing, large, open-label, multicenter randomized controlled trial conducted across 14 centers in Belgium and two centers in Australia. Women diagnosed with GDM are randomized in a 1:1 ratio to either rt-CGM (intervention group) or standard care with SMBG (control group). Both women with early GDM diagnosed before 20 weeks' gestation and those diagnosed between 24.0 and 29.6 weeks' gestation are included. Participants attend the following visits: baseline visit at GDM diagnosis, an additional visit at 20.0-23.9 weeks' (if early GDM), 31.0-33.6 weeks' and 36.0-38.6 weeks', and a postpartum oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) assessment (6.0-23.6 weeks after delivery). At each visit, clinical assessment, HbA1c, and (blinded) CGM are evaluated, alongside validated patient-reported outcome questionnaires. The primary objective is to compare the incidence of a composite of adverse pregnancy outcomes between the rt-CGM and SMBG groups. The primary outcome is a composite of adverse pregnancy outcomes including preterm delivery <37 weeks, LGA [customized percentiles according to Gestation Related Optimal Weight chart (GROW)], neonatal hypoglycemia requiring intravenous dextrose, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission > 24 h, neonatal respiratory distress, stillbirth or neonatal death, phototherapy, birth trauma, and shoulder dystocia. Secondary outcomes include maternal glycemia, insulin use, pregnancy and neonatal outcomes, glycemic variability, patient-reported outcomes, and prespecified secondary analyses according to timing of GDM diagnosis and maternal BMI. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT06310356. First posted: 15 March 2024. FAU - Geerts, Ina AU - Geerts I AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-2803-7013 AD - Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Yu, Catherine AU - Yu C AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-7013-8640 AD - Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Bochanen, Niels AU - Bochanen N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1265-9086 AD - Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Metabolism, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Edegem, Belgium. FAU - Heyns, Ellen AU - Heyns E AD - Department of Endocrinology, General Hospital Groeninge Kortrijk, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium. FAU - Pottelbergh, Inge Van AU - Pottelbergh IV AD - Department of Endocrinology, AZORG Aalst, 9300 Aalst, Belgium. FAU - Morrens, Astrid AU - Morrens A AD - Department of Endocrinology, ZAS Palfijn, 2170 Merksem, Belgium. FAU - Coremans, Peter AU - Coremans P AD - Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology, Vitaz, 9100 Sint-Niklaas, Belgium. FAU - Philips, Jean-Christophe AU - Philips JC AD - Department of Diabetology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, CHU de Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium. FAU - Carton, Tiphaine AU - Carton T AD - Department of Endocrinology, Erasme Hospital, 1070 Brussels, Belgium. FAU - Vandewalle, Sara AU - Vandewalle S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8422-4973 AD - Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology, AZ Sint-Jan Brugge, 8000 Brugge, Belgium. FAU - Marlier, Joke AU - Marlier J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9500-608X AD - Department of Endocrinology, UZ Gent, 9000 Gent, Belgium. FAU - Van Boxelaer, Inge AU - Van Boxelaer I AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-0009-9598 AD - Department of Endocrinology, AZ Sint Lucas Gent, 9000 Gent, Belgium. FAU - Winne, Linsey AU - Winne L AD - Department of Endocrinology, AZ Oostende, 8400 Oostende, Belgium. FAU - Bollaerts, Kathleen AU - Bollaerts K AD - Department of Endocrinology, AZ Sint Maarten Mechelen, 2800 Mechelen, Belgium. FAU - Lee, Dahae AU - Lee D AD - Department of Endocrinology, Imelda Bonheiden, 2820 Bonheiden, Belgium. FAU - Simmons, David AU - Simmons D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0560-0761 AD - School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2560, Australia. FAU - Sweeting, Arianne AU - Sweeting A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6843-6247 AD - Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia. FAU - Laenen, Annouschka AU - Laenen A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1371-442X AD - Leuven Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics Centre, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Mathieu, Chantal AU - Mathieu C AD - Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. AD - Department of Endocrinology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Benhalima, Katrien AU - Benhalima K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3325-0263 AD - Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. AD - Department of Endocrinology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT06310356 GR - Abbott Diabetes Care/ GR - LifeScan/ GR - Research Foundation - Flanders/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260929 PL - Switzerland TA - J Clin Med JT - Journal of clinical medicine JID - 101606588 PMC - PMC13665732 OTO - NOTNLM OT - continuous glucose monitoring OT - early gestational diabetes OT - gestational diabetes mellitus OT - pregnancy outcomes COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/16 05:33 MHDA- 2026/10/16 05:34 PMCR- 2026/09/29 CRDT- 2026/10/16 01:01 PHST- 2026/07/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/16 01:01 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jcm15197581 [pii] AID - jcm-15-07581 [pii] AID - 10.3390/jcm15197581 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Clin Med. 2026 Sep 29;15(19):7581. doi: 10.3390/jcm15197581. PMID- 42881772 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261016 LR - 20261020 IS - 2227-9032 (Print) IS - 2227-9032 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9032 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 19 DP - 2026 Oct 6 TI - Association of Halliwick-Based Aquatic Physical Activity with Health-Related Quality of Life in Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Comparative Study. LID - 10.3390/healthcare14193323 [doi] LID - 3323 AB - BACKGROUND: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction, accompanied by restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities. Given the considerable heterogeneity in symptom severity and functional abilities, children with ASD require individualized educational and therapeutic interventions. Among the non-pharmacological approaches used to support this population, aquatic physical activity has emerged as a promising intervention. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 45 children with ASD (ICD-11 code 6A02), comprising 19 girls and 26 boys, aged 8-17 years. Two groups were compared: Group G1, consisting of children and adolescents who had participated in Halliwick-based aquatic physical activity for at least 3 months, and Group G2, without aquatic activities. Health-related quality of life was assessed using the validated Polish version of the KIDSCREEN-52 questionnaire. RESULTS: Children with ASD who participated in Halliwick-based aquatic physical activity (G1) had higher mean scores in all KIDSCREEN-52 domains. However, statistically significant differences were only found in the following domains: Psychological Well-Being, Moods and Emotions, Self-Perception, Autonomy, Financial Resources, and School Environment. Overall health-related quality of life, measured by the KIDSCREEN-10, compared with children who did not participate in aquatic activities. CONCLUSIONS: Halliwick-based aquatic physical activity was associated with better quality of life in children and adolescents with ASD, with higher scores observed according to sex, but further research is needed to confirm these findings. FAU - Stefanska, Malgorzata AU - Stefanska M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2070-8535 AD - Faculty of Physiotherapy, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Science, al. Paderewskiego 35, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland. FAU - Smetek, Wiktoria AU - Smetek W AD - Reh-Medica Marek Smiech, ul. Odrzanska 7, 47-224 Kedzierzyn-Kozle, Poland. FAU - Kowalska, Joanna AU - Kowalska J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5232-1688 AD - Faculty of Physiotherapy, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Science, al. Paderewskiego 35, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland. FAU - Ptak, Agnieszka AU - Ptak A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8396-5267 AD - Faculty of Physiotherapy, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Science, al. Paderewskiego 35, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261006 PL - Switzerland TA - Healthcare (Basel) JT - Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101666525 PMC - PMC13665036 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Halliwick method OT - KIDSSCREEN OT - aquatic physical activity OT - autism spectrum disorders OT - physical activity OT - quality of life COIS- Author Wiktoria Smetek was employed by Reh-Medica Marek Smiech. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/16 05:32 MHDA- 2026/10/16 05:33 PMCR- 2026/10/06 CRDT- 2026/10/16 01:01 PHST- 2026/07/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/16 01:01 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - healthcare14193323 [pii] AID - healthcare-14-03323 [pii] AID - 10.3390/healthcare14193323 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Healthcare (Basel). 2026 Oct 6;14(19):3323. doi: 10.3390/healthcare14193323. PMID- 42881744 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261016 LR - 20261020 IS - 2227-9032 (Print) IS - 2227-9032 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9032 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 19 DP - 2026 Oct 3 TI - The Psychosocial Pathways of Expectancy-Value Beliefs, Physical Fitness, and Executive Function Among Adolescents. LID - 10.3390/healthcare14193305 [doi] LID - 3305 AB - Background/Objectives: Adequate physical fitness has been associated with cognitive health among adolescents, and psychosocial processes may help explain this relationship. However, evidence regarding the mechanisms linking physical fitness and cognitive health remains limited. Guided by expectancy-value theory, this study examined the direct and indirect effects of expectancy-value beliefs on executive function through physical fitness among adolescents. Methods: A prospective research design was used. Participants were 424 adolescents (58% female; Mage = 12.72 years, SD = 0.93) recruited from the southwestern United States. Physical fitness components, including cardiovascular fitness, muscular fitness, flexibility, and body mass index (BMI), were assessed using the FITNESSGRAM((R)) test battery. Expectancy-value beliefs and executive function were measured using validated self-report instruments. Structural equation modeling was conducted to examine the proposed relationships. Results: Expectancy-value beliefs were significantly associated with all physical fitness components (rs ranged from -0.86 to 0.46, ps < 0.01) except flexibility. Cardiovascular fitness and muscular fitness were negatively associated with executive function scores (rs ranged from -0.29 to -0.21, ps < 0.01), whereas BMI was positively associated with executive function scores. The proposed model demonstrated an acceptable fit (chi(2)/df = 284.16/113, p < 0.001; CFI = 0.90; RMSEA = 0.06, 90% CI [0.05, 0.07]). There was a significant indirect effect of expectancy-value beliefs on executive function through physical fitness (beta = -0.11). The model explained 12% of the variance in physical fitness and 9% of the variance in executive function. Conclusions: The findings provide evidence for the proposed psychosocial mediation model linking expectancy-value beliefs, physical fitness, and executive function among adolescents. It suggests strategies that strengthen perceived competence and task values may improve physical fitness and, in turn, enhance executive function. FAU - Shen, Dijun AU - Shen D AD - Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Lixin University Accounting and Finance, Shanghai 201620, China. FAU - Bao, Sarina AU - Bao S AD - Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan. FAU - Zhang, Xiaoxia AU - Zhang X AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5076-9035 AD - School of Sport Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506-6116, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261003 PL - Switzerland TA - Healthcare (Basel) JT - Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101666525 PMC - PMC13664947 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - cognitive health OT - executive function OT - expectancy-value beliefs OT - physical fitness OT - psychosocial mechanisms OT - structural equation modeling COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/16 05:32 MHDA- 2026/10/16 05:33 PMCR- 2026/10/03 CRDT- 2026/10/16 01:01 PHST- 2026/07/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/16 01:01 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - healthcare14193305 [pii] AID - healthcare-14-03305 [pii] AID - 10.3390/healthcare14193305 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Healthcare (Basel). 2026 Oct 3;14(19):3305. doi: 10.3390/healthcare14193305. PMID- 42881734 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261016 LR - 20261020 IS - 2227-9032 (Print) IS - 2227-9032 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9032 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 19 DP - 2026 Oct 2 TI - Assessment of Methods to Estimate Resting and Total Energy Expenditure in Children and Adolescents with Cerebral Palsy: A Scoping Review. LID - 10.3390/healthcare14193295 [doi] LID - 3295 AB - Background/Objectives: Accurate assessment of resting energy expenditure (REE) and total energy expenditure (TEE) in children with cerebral palsy (CP) remains challenging. This review aimed to map and synthesize the existing evidence on methods used to estimate REE and TEE in children and adolescents with CP and identify their limitations and research gaps. Methods: A structured search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, SciELO, EBSCO, and Embase for English or Spanish language articles published with no restrictions on publication date until September 2026. Studies that included children or adolescents from 0 to 19 years with a confirmed diagnosis of CP and that reported measured or estimated REE, basal metabolic rate (BMR), or TEE were included. Results: Nineteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Indirect calorimetry (IC) was the most frequently used method for measuring REE (n = 11, 57.9%), whereas doubly labeled water (DLW) was the reference method for TEE (n = 6, 31.6%). Standard predictive equations developed for TDC were used in three studies (15.8%) and frequently overestimated REE. In contrast, CP-specific predictive equations were less used and showed better estimations against reference methods. BIA-derived estimates, anthropometric approaches, and biomarker-based models remain insufficiently validated. Conclusions: IC remains the reference method for individualized assessment of REE, whereas DLW is the reference method for measuring TEE. Predictive equations for TDC are not recommended for children with CP. Further validation studies comparing BIA-derived estimates and CP-specific equations against reference methods are needed, particularly across Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels, nutritional status, and feeding method. FAU - Garcia-Iniguez, Jorge Abraham AU - Garcia-Iniguez JA AD - Instituto de Nutricion Humana, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico. AD - Escuela de Nutricion, Universidad Autonoma de Guadalajara, Zapopan 45129, Jalisco, Mexico. FAU - Garcia-Contreras, Andrea Anais AU - Garcia-Contreras AA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8750-6458 AD - Instituto de Nutricion Humana, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20261002 PL - Switzerland TA - Healthcare (Basel) JT - Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101666525 PMC - PMC13665139 OTO - NOTNLM OT - basal metabolic rate OT - cerebral palsy OT - children OT - doubly labeled water OT - energy expenditure OT - indirect calorimetry OT - resting energy expenditure OT - total energy expenditure COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/16 05:32 MHDA- 2026/10/16 05:33 PMCR- 2026/10/02 CRDT- 2026/10/16 01:01 PHST- 2026/08/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/16 01:01 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - healthcare14193295 [pii] AID - healthcare-14-03295 [pii] AID - 10.3390/healthcare14193295 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Healthcare (Basel). 2026 Oct 2;14(19):3295. doi: 10.3390/healthcare14193295. PMID- 42881645 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261016 LR - 20261020 IS - 2227-9032 (Print) IS - 2227-9032 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9032 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 19 DP - 2026 Sep 28 TI - Beyond Screen Time: A Scoping Review of Screen Exposure and Early Childhood Development. LID - 10.3390/healthcare14193206 [doi] LID - 3206 AB - BACKGROUND: Screen exposure in early childhood has evolved beyond traditional duration-focused "screen time" to encompass a multidimensional construct including content quality, context of use, co-viewing, caregiver mediation, and developmental trajectories. Understanding these dimensions is essential for comprehensive assessment, particularly in rapidly digitizing cultural contexts such as Saudi Arabia and the broader Middle East. OBJECTIVES: This scoping review aimed to systematically map and synthesize peer-reviewed evidence on multidimensional screen exposure and developmental outcomes in children aged 0-5 years, with specific focus on language, cognitive, and socio-emotional outcomes. METHODS: This scoping review followed PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Systematic searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar (2016-2026). Inclusion criteria were primary empirical studies (randomized trials and observational designs), children aged 0-5 years (up to 72 months, provided primary exposure was assessed within the 0-5-year window), quantitative screen exposure measurement, and validated developmental outcome assessment. Data were extracted and synthesized narratively across the developmental domains. RESULTS: Twenty-seven studies demonstrated that content quality, context of use, and caregiver behavior (including co-viewing and active guidance of screen use) consistently modified the strength of associations between screen exposure and early developmental outcomes. Language development was the most extensively studied domain; co-viewing emerged as a key protective factor, and longitudinal trajectory analyses identified heterogeneous exposure patterns with differing developmental implications across cognitive, socio-emotional, and physical domains. CONCLUSIONS: Screen exposure in early childhood is a multidimensional phenomenon requiring assessment tools that capture content, context, co-use, and caregiver mediation alongside duration. Findings highlight the need for culturally adapted measurement instruments in the Saudi Arabian context to support evidence-based early childhood practice and align with Vision 2030 objectives. FAU - Alghadier, Mshari AU - Alghadier M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3686-8074 AD - Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Elnaggar, Ragab K AU - Elnaggar RK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5080-702X AD - Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Ghandurah, Abdulaziz AU - Ghandurah A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-6732-7621 AD - Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia. AD - Rehabilitation Department, Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alhisony, Nouf AU - Alhisony N AD - Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng GR - PSAU/2026/03/44759/Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University/ PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260928 PL - Switzerland TA - Healthcare (Basel) JT - Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101666525 PMC - PMC13664933 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Saudi Arabia OT - caregiver mediation OT - early childhood development OT - executive function OT - language development OT - scoping review OT - screen exposure OT - screen time COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/16 05:32 MHDA- 2026/10/16 05:33 PMCR- 2026/09/28 CRDT- 2026/10/16 01:00 PHST- 2026/08/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/16 01:00 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - healthcare14193206 [pii] AID - healthcare-14-03206 [pii] AID - 10.3390/healthcare14193206 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Healthcare (Basel). 2026 Sep 28;14(19):3206. doi: 10.3390/healthcare14193206. PMID- 42881639 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261016 LR - 20261020 IS - 2227-9032 (Print) IS - 2227-9032 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9032 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 19 DP - 2026 Sep 28 TI - Risk Profile for Eating Behaviours and Body Perception in a Convenience Sample of Adults: Implications for Health Policy and Person-Centred Care in Primary Healthcare. LID - 10.3390/healthcare14193203 [doi] LID - 3203 AB - Background/Objectives: Person-centred care necessitates addressing the growing biopsychosocial vulnerability within public health. This study analysed eating behaviours and sociocultural pressures regarding physical appearance in a convenience sample of adults to help inform potential evidence-based policies and programmes in primary care tailored to these exploratory symptom correlates. Methods: A quantitative, observational, cross-sectional study was conducted with 1287 participants. Data were collected via an online platform using the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) and the Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire (SATAQ-4). Descriptive statistics, bivariate tests, multiple linear regression models, and complementary binary logistic regression models were utilised to identify variables independently associated with scores and clinical risk thresholds (EAT-26 >/= 20). Results: Multiple linear regression analysis determined that the scores indicating potential risk of altered eating behaviours (EAT-26) was primarily associated with female sex (beta = 0.134, p < 0.001), followed by never eating in company (beta = 0.149, p < 0.001), an active lifestyle (beta = 0.094, p = 0.001), excessive social media usage (beta = 0.088, p = 0.002), and smoking (beta = 0.091, p = 0.001). Likewise, susceptibility to sociocultural pressures (SATAQ-4) showed a major association with excessive digital connectivity (beta = 0.159, p < 0.001), female sex (beta = 0.094, p = 0.001), smoking (beta = 0.078, p = 0.004), both sometimes and never eating in company (beta = 0.078, p = 0.008 and beta = 0.082, p = 0.005 respectively), and younger age (beta = -0.202, p < 0.001). Furthermore, the binary logistic sensitivity analysis confirmed that a high clinical risk score (>/=20) was independently associated with female sex (Exp(B) = 2.660), smoking (Exp(B) = 2.381), never eating alone (Exp(B) = 2.253), excessive social media use (Exp(B) = 1.665), being active (Exp(B) = 1.500), a greater number of children (Exp(B) = 1.402), and younger age (Exp(B) = 0.969). Conclusions: Due to the non-probabilistic convenience nature of the sample, these findings cannot be directly generalized to the general population; however, they delineate the vulnerable demographic profile-young, active, female smokers who are frequent social media users and habitually eat alone-which may help generate hypotheses for future primary care prevention strategies. Furthermore, these results underscore the potential value of integrating specific screening considerations and digital literacy into person-centred healthcare, pending longitudinal validation. FAU - Hernandez Garre, Jose Manuel AU - Hernandez Garre JM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2507-3121 AD - Department of Health Sciences, Social Anthropology Area, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), 30107 Murcia, Spain. FAU - Martinez, Irene Martinez AU - Martinez IM AD - Department of Nursing, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain. FAU - Cardaba Garcia, Rosa Maria AU - Cardaba Garcia RM AD - Department of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain. FAU - Velasco Gonzalez, Veronica AU - Velasco Gonzalez V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4739-9760 AD - Department of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain. FAU - Perez Soto, Maria Inmaculada AU - Perez Soto MI AD - Department of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain. FAU - Perez Perez, Lucia AU - Perez Perez L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6031-6619 AD - Department of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain. FAU - Ferreira Diaz, Maria Jose AU - Ferreira Diaz MJ AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-9046-9560 AD - University School of Nursing, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain. FAU - Morales Moreno, Isabel AU - Morales Moreno I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1528-984X AD - Department of Health Sciences, Social Anthropology Area, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), 30107 Murcia, Spain. FAU - Peran, Maria Angeles Navarro AU - Peran MAN AD - Department of Nursing, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain. FAU - de Maya Sanchez, Baldomero AU - de Maya Sanchez B AD - Department of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260928 PL - Switzerland TA - Healthcare (Basel) JT - Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101666525 PMC - PMC13665222 OTO - NOTNLM OT - body image perception OT - digital health OT - eating disorders OT - health policy OT - person-centred care OT - primary care OT - risk profile COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/16 05:32 MHDA- 2026/10/16 05:33 PMCR- 2026/09/28 CRDT- 2026/10/16 01:00 PHST- 2026/08/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/16 01:00 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - healthcare14193203 [pii] AID - healthcare-14-03203 [pii] AID - 10.3390/healthcare14193203 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Healthcare (Basel). 2026 Sep 28;14(19):3203. doi: 10.3390/healthcare14193203. PMID- 42881332 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261016 LR - 20261022 IS - 1447-0756 (Electronic) IS - 1341-8076 (Linking) VI - 52 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Clinical Predictors of Surgical Intervention and Ovarian Torsion in Adolescents With Ovarian Cystic Lesions. PG - e70504 LID - e70504 [pii] LID - 10.1111/jog.70504 [doi] AB - AIM: To identify clinical and ultrasonographic (US) factors associated with surgical intervention and ovarian torsion in adolescents with ovarian cystic lesions and to evaluate an exploratory clinical risk stratification framework. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 112 adolescents with ovarian cystic lesions > 30 mm managed at a tertiary pediatric surgery center between January 2023 and January 2026. Clinical presentation, US characteristics, management, and outcomes were evaluated. Height and weight measurements were retrospectively retrieved when available, and body mass index (BMI) was calculated and analyzed as a continuous variable. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors independently associated with surgical intervention and ovarian torsion. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to determine the optimal lesion diameter threshold for surgical intervention. A exploratory three-level clinical risk stratification framework was subsequently developed using the ROC-derived 60-mm lesion diameter threshold and the presence of abdominal/pelvic pain. RESULTS: Among 112 patients, 26 (23.2%) underwent surgical intervention, whereas 86 (76.8%) were managed conservatively. Surgical indications included ovarian torsion, complex adnexal masses, and persistent or enlarging cysts. Maximum lesion diameter was the strongest independent predictor of both surgical intervention and ovarian torsion. BMI was available for 95 patients (84.8%) and was not independently associated with surgical intervention or significantly different according to ovarian torsion status. The 60-mm threshold provided the best discrimination for surgical intervention. Surgical intervention occurred in 5/75 (6.7%), 2/8 (25.0%), and 19/29 (65.5%) patients in the low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups, respectively (Fisher-Freeman-Halton exact test, p < 0.001). Ovarian torsion occurred in 2/75 (2.7%), 0/8 (0%), and 11/29 (37.9%) patients, respectively (Fisher-Freeman-Halton exact test, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Maximum lesion diameter was the strongest independent predictor of surgical intervention and ovarian torsion. BMI was not significantly associated with either outcome in the available anthropometric data. The new exploratory risk stratification framework showed distinct clinical patterns across risk categories but requires prospective external validation before clinical use. CI - (c) 2026 Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology. FAU - Oztas, Tulin AU - Oztas T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1010-3324 AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Diyarbakir Gazi Yasargil Training and Research Hospital, Diyarbakir, Turkiye. FAU - Asir, Aysegul AU - Asir A AD - Department of Pediatrics, Diyarbakir Gazi Yasargil Training and Research Hospital, Diyarbakir, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - Australia TA - J Obstet Gynaecol Res JT - The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research JID - 9612761 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Ovarian Torsion/surgery/diagnostic imaging/epidemiology MH - Adolescent MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Ovarian Cysts/surgery/diagnostic imaging/complications/pathology MH - Ultrasonography OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescent OT - ovarian cysts OT - ovarian torsion OT - risk factors OT - surgical procedures EDAT- 2026/10/16 05:33 MHDA- 2026/10/16 05:34 CRDT- 2026/10/15 23:58 PHST- 2026/09/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/15 23:58 [entrez] AID - e70504 [pii] AID - 10.1111/jog.70504 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2026 Oct;52(10):e70504. doi: 10.1111/jog.70504. PMID- 42880881 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261015 IS - 2380-9426 (Electronic) IS - 2380-9418 (Linking) DP - 2026 Oct 15 TI - Advancing Global Health Initiative Through Pediatric Vitamin A Supplementation. LID - JDNP-2025-0082.R1 [pii] LID - 10.1891/JDNP-2025-0082 [doi] AB - Background: Malnutrition, particularly vitamin A deficiency, affects approximately 49% of children aged 6-59 months in sub-Saharan Africa, increasing the risks of morbidity, mortality, poor growth, and preventable blindness. Tanzania has followed the World Health Organization's (WHO) guidelines for biannual vitamin A supplementation (VAS) since 2004, but rural access remains limited. A preliminary assessment at a rural Tanzanian day care showed only 29% VAS coverage, indicating a substantial gap in coverage. Objective: To improve nutritional health among children aged 6-59 months through a comprehensive VAS program at a local day care in Tanzania. Methods: An interdisciplinary team coordinated structural and workflow changes, secured the supplement through established partnerships, and administered it to all 21 eligible children per WHO protocols. Results: All 21 eligible children enrolled in the day care received their initial dose of VAS at implementation. VAS was sustained at 100% among 29 children, including the 21 original children and 8 newly enrolled. Conclusions: A structured, community-based supplementation program in rural Tanzania successfully addressed critical gaps in vitamin A access for children aged 6-59 months. Implications for Nursing: This quality improvement project demonstrates the feasibility of global health collaboration through strategic planning, stakeholder engagement, and context sensitivity to improve child health outcomes. CI - (c) 2026 Springer Publishing Company. FAU - Watt, Tenica K AU - Watt TK AD - School of Nursing, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA twatt001@umaryland.edu. FAU - Alessandrini, Erica A AU - Alessandrini EA AD - School of Nursing, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA. FAU - Fitzpatrick, Suzanna AU - Fitzpatrick S AD - School of Nursing, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA. FAU - Franquiz, Renee AU - Franquiz R AD - School of Nursing, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA. FAU - Jones-Swing, Taylor AU - Jones-Swing T AD - School of Nursing, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA. FAU - Snyder, B Elias AU - Snyder BE AD - River Rock Global Collective, Baltimore, MD, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261015 PL - United States TA - J Dr Nurs Pract JT - Journal of doctoral nursing practice JID - 101685366 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Africa OT - child mortality OT - morbidity OT - vitamin A supplement EDAT- 2026/10/15 23:31 MHDA- 2026/10/15 23:31 CRDT- 2026/10/15 21:04 PHST- 2026/10/15 23:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/15 23:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/15 21:04 [entrez] AID - JDNP-2025-0082 [pii] AID - 10.1891/JDNP-2025-0082 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - J Dr Nurs Pract. 2026 Oct 15:JDNP-2025-0082.R1. doi: 10.1891/JDNP-2025-0082. PMID- 42880628 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261015 IS - 1534-4436 (Electronic) IS - 1081-1206 (Linking) DP - 2026 Oct 15 TI - Pediatric Alpha-Gal Syndrome: From Missed Diagnosis to the Burden of Avoidance. LID - S1081-1206(26)01272-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.anai.2026.10.012 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Pediatric alpha-gal syndrome remains underrecognized because delayed reactions disconnect symptoms from mammalian exposure and gastrointestinal-only presentations may bypass allergy evaluation. Overly broad avoidance may subsequently impose nutritional and psychosocial burden during growth. OBJECTIVE: To synthesize pediatric evidence and provide a directed management framework emphasizing diagnostic delay, least-restrictive avoidance, nutritional burden, natural history, and reassessment. DATA SOURCES: A literature search was conducted using PubMed/MEDLINE for articles published through August 2026. STUDY SELECTIONS: Pediatric and age-stratified primary studies were prioritized. Adult and mixed-age studies informed areas with limited pediatric evidence, with consideration of their applicability to children. METHODS: Evidence was qualitatively synthesized by source; no risk-of-bias assessment was performed. RESULTS: Pediatric cohorts document prolonged diagnostic delay and frequent gastrointestinal-predominant presentations. Tick exposure is a key etiologic and diagnostic clue, but lack of a recalled bite does not exclude alpha-gal syndrome. Diagnosis requires a compatible delayed phenotype plus detectable alpha-gal-specific IgE; sensitization alone does not establish alpha-gal syndrome. Mammalian meat and internal organ meat are the core exclusions, whereas tolerated dairy should be preserved and additional restrictions individualized. Potential mammalian origin of a medication or vaccine warrants product-specific assessment rather than blanket avoidance. No prospective pediatric study has quantified dietary intake, nutrient status, growth, bone health, or quality of life. A 2026 meta-analysis of 1,162 predominantly adult or mixed-age patients found symptomatic improvement in 86.5% but complete resolution in 42.7%; no pediatric remission rate or validated challenge/reintroduction protocol exists. CONCLUSION: Care should combine cross-specialty evaluation, phenotype-directed testing, least-restrictive avoidance, nutritional surveillance, tick-bite prevention, emergency preparedness, and planned reassessment toward the broadest safely tolerated diet. CI - Copyright (c) 2026. Published by Elsevier Inc. FAU - Miliordos, Konstantinos AU - Miliordos K AD - Pediatric Allergy Unit, Department of Pediatrics, General University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece. Electronic address: mhlcon95@gmail.com. FAU - Triga, Maria AU - Triga M AD - Pediatric Allergy Unit, Department of Pediatrics, General University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20261015 PL - United States TA - Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol JT - Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology JID - 9503580 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - alpha-gal syndrome OT - children OT - delayed diagnosis OT - elimination diet OT - natural history OT - nutritional burden OT - oral food challenge OT - reintroduction EDAT- 2026/10/15 23:30 MHDA- 2026/10/15 23:30 CRDT- 2026/10/15 20:31 PHST- 2026/09/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/10/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/10/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/15 23:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/15 23:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/15 20:31 [entrez] AID - S1081-1206(26)01272-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.anai.2026.10.012 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2026 Oct 15:S1081-1206(26)01272-X. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2026.10.012. PMID- 42879323 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261015 LR - 20261017 IS - 1929-0748 (Electronic) IS - 1929-0748 (Linking) VI - 15 DP - 2026 Oct 15 TI - Feasibility of High-Intensity Interval Exercise in Young Adult Survivors of Pediatric Brain Tumor and Young Adults With Isocitrate Dehydrogenase-Mutant Gliomas (HYPE): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. PG - e88718 LID - 10.2196/88718 [doi] LID - e88718 AB - BACKGROUND: Young adult survivors of pediatric brain tumors and young adult patients with isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutant gliomas are at risk for cognitive impairment, reduced physical fitness and function, as well as poor health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and psychosocial health. Exercise improves these outcomes; however, both populations remain understudied with respect to exercise interventions. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a promising intervention, as it is time-efficient, safe, tolerable, enhances cognition in healthy young adults, and improves physical fitness and quality of life in adult patients and survivors with cancer. However, the feasibility of HIIT is not yet understood in survivors of pediatric brain tumors and patients with IDH-mutant glioma. OBJECTIVE: The HYPE study is a pilot randomized controlled trial that aims to (1) determine the feasibility of a HIIT exercise intervention for young adult survivors of pediatric brain tumors and patients with IDH-mutant glioma, (2) determine the preliminary efficacy of HIIT to improve physical fitness and function, cognition, HRQOL, and psychosocial health, and (3) explore exercise sustainability and the impact of social determinants of health on study outcomes. METHODS: A total of 30 young adult survivors of pediatric brain tumors and patients with IDH-mutant glioma (18-45 years of age) will be randomized to an exercise or control group. The exercise group performs virtually supervised HIIT 3 times per week for 16 weeks, followed by 16 weeks of self-directed exercise. Exercise involves indoor cycling, and sessions include 20 minutes of high- and low-intensity intervals (high intensity=60-s 60%-90% peak power output; low intensity=60-s 10% peak power output), and a 5-minute warm-up and cool-down. The control group performs a 16-week stretching program. Feasibility of the HIIT intervention is measured by the number of exercise sessions completed, including total minutes and intensity, and barriers to exercise adherence. Cognition, physical fitness and function, HRQOL, and psychosocial health are measured using standardized assessments and self-report questionnaires. Exercise sustainability is measured by change in study outcomes following the self-directed follow-up period, and social determinants of health are assessed using a self-report questionnaire. RESULTS: Baseline data collection began in February 2024, and 13 participants have been enrolled as of June 2026. The projected study end date is December 2026. Data analysis is planned to begin in January 2027, and findings will be published in the fall of 2028. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this study is the first to use a virtually supervised HIIT intervention in young adult patients and survivors of brain tumor. The findings will elucidate the feasibility of HIIT to design and power a randomized controlled trial to address cancer- and treatment-related sequelae. They will also provide insights into the sustainability of HIIT and the impact of social determinants of health. CI - (c) Elizabeth Cox, Meghan Tahbaz, Ellaney Matarese, Rebekah L Wilson, L Nicolas Gonzalez Castro, Hajime Uno, Tabitha Cooney, Jordan Lane, Mary K Norris, Kira Bona, Rahela Aziz-Bose, Christina M Dieli-Conwright. Originally published in JMIR Research Protocols (https://www.researchprotocols.org). FAU - Cox, Elizabeth AU - Cox E AD - Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States. FAU - Tahbaz, Meghan AU - Tahbaz M AD - Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States. FAU - Matarese, Ellaney AU - Matarese E AD - Department of Neuroscience, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States. FAU - Wilson, Rebekah L AU - Wilson RL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1704-3624 AD - Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States. FAU - Gonzalez Castro, L Nicolas AU - Gonzalez Castro LN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7699-5188 AD - Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Mass General Brigham, Boston, MA, United States. AD - Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States. FAU - Uno, Hajime AU - Uno H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0622-8471 AD - Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States. FAU - Cooney, Tabitha AU - Cooney T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2614-020X AD - Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, United States. FAU - Lane, Jordan AU - Lane J AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-3399-0957 FAU - Norris, Mary K AU - Norris MK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8914-1306 FAU - Bona, Kira AU - Bona K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5602-7059 AD - Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, United States. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States. FAU - Aziz-Bose, Rahela AU - Aziz-Bose R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4753-5144 AD - Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, United States. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States. FAU - Dieli-Conwright, Christina M AU - Dieli-Conwright CM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9093-7259 AD - Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States. AD - Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, United States, 1 617-582-8321. LA - eng PT - Clinical Trial Protocol PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261015 PL - Canada TA - JMIR Res Protoc JT - JMIR research protocols JID - 101599504 RN - EC 1.1.1.41 (Isocitrate Dehydrogenase) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - *Brain Neoplasms/genetics/therapy/psychology MH - Feasibility Studies MH - *Glioma/genetics/therapy/psychology MH - *High-Intensity Interval Training/methods/standards MH - *Isocitrate Dehydrogenase/genetics MH - Mutation MH - Pilot Projects MH - Quality of Life MH - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic PMC - PMC13671388 OTO - NOTNLM OT - AYA OT - HIIT OT - IDH mutant glioma OT - cognitive function OT - exercise oncology OT - high-intensity interval training OT - isocitrate dehydrogenase-mutant glioma OT - pediatric brain tumors COIS- Conflicts of Interest: None declared. EDAT- 2026/10/15 23:30 MHDA- 2026/10/15 23:31 PMCR- 2026/10/15 CRDT- 2026/10/15 19:01 PHST- 2025/12/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/15 23:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/15 23:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/15 19:01 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v15i1e88718 [pii] AID - 88718 [pii] AID - 10.2196/88718 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JMIR Res Protoc. 2026 Oct 15;15:e88718. doi: 10.2196/88718. PMID- 42879185 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261015 LR - 20261015 IS - 1365-277X (Electronic) IS - 0952-3871 (Linking) VI - 39 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Feasibility and Accuracy of Caregiver-Led Child Growth Measurements for Remote Healthcare. PG - e70364 LID - 10.1111/jhn.70364 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Remote healthcare is expanding, with accurate growth data essential for nutritional care. Guidance for routine caregiver-led measurements is limited and largely untested. This study evaluated the feasibility and accuracy of caregiver-led child growth measurements at home, compared to 'gold-standard' measurements in the hospital. METHODS: Caregivers of children attending outpatient appointments completed a survey on their access to weighing scales and tape measures at home. Those with suitable equipment were consented to participate in a home measurement study. Using provided instructions, caregivers measured their child twice within 48 h of a hospital appointment, where two healthcare professionals (HCPs) repeated measurements. Caregiver experiences were explored through short interviews. Agreement between methods was assessed using Bland-Altman analysis. RESULTS: Of 677 survey respondents (49% response), 61% owned both scales and tape measure, with ownership more likely in relatively affluent postcodes. One hundred and forty participants consented to the home measurement study but due to low recruitment in the 0-2-age group (n = 18), analysis was restricted to 122 2-15-year-olds with median age 8.5 [IQR 5,12]. Participants were predominantly white British (88%) from relatively affluent areas (78% IMD 5-10). LOA between caregivers and HCP were -3.46% to 3.79% (height) and -4.91% to 4.36% (weight), demonstrating reasonable caregiver accuracy. LOA between the two caregiver measurements were -0.97% to 0.99% (weight) and -1.04% to 0.80% (height), demonstrating consistency, and LOA between two HCPs were -0.48% to 0.53% (weight) and -0.61% to 0.55% (height), demonstrating good inter-observer agreement. The majority found the process straightforward, with greater confidence in weighing than in measuring, despite achieving lower accuracy. Most were willing to routinely provide measurements before remote appointments. CONCLUSIONS: Caregiver-led measurements appear feasible and reasonably accurate for children aged 2-15 years, although they may be more suitable to monitor trends, rather than in situations needing precision. Equipment access may be limited in less affluent areas, but generally, caregivers are willing to monitor weight and height at home. CI - (c) 2026 British Dietetic Association. FAU - Trace, Sarah L AU - Trace SL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4408-1255 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Bristol Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK. FAU - Leary, Sam D AU - Leary SD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1706-0689 AD - Bristol Dental School, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. FAU - Richards, Kara Y AU - Richards KY AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-5917-6578 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Bristol Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK. FAU - Shield, Julian P H AU - Shield JPH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2601-7575 AD - NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Diet and Physical Activity Theme, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. LA - eng GR - British Dietetic Association/ PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - J Hum Nutr Diet JT - Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association JID - 8904840 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Caregivers MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Feasibility Studies MH - Male MH - Infant MH - *Child Development MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Adult MH - Infant, Newborn OTO - NOTNLM OT - anthropometry OT - caregiver OT - child OT - growth OT - measurements OT - parent OT - remote EDAT- 2026/10/15 23:30 MHDA- 2026/10/15 23:31 CRDT- 2026/10/15 18:43 PHST- 2026/09/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/15 23:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/15 23:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/15 18:43 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/jhn.70364 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Hum Nutr Diet. 2026 Oct;39(5):e70364. doi: 10.1111/jhn.70364. PMID- 42878537 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261015 LR - 20261027 IS - 1099-0496 (Electronic) IS - 1099-0496 (Linking) VI - 61 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Assessment of Cystic Fibrosis Lung Disease Using Electrical Impedance Tomography. PG - e71856 LID - e71856 [pii] LID - 10.1002/ppul.71856 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a non-invasive, effort-independent imaging technique for measurement of regional lung ventilation and function that does not utilize ionizing radiation. There are limited data on the use of EIT to assess lung disease in people with CF (PwCF). METHODS: This was a cross-sectional observational cohort study. Study participants performed EIT, multiple breath washout (MBW) and spirometry in a single session. We analyzed EIT results to calculate the global inhomogeneity index (GII) and regional ventilation delay at 40% of maximal inspiratory impedance (RVD40). We used pairwise Spearman correlations to compare EIT measurements with the lung clearance index (LCI) and percent predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1pp). We generated receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves to assess specificity and sensitivity for GII and RVD40 to predict an abnormal LCI. RESULTS: 31 participants ranging in age from 6 to 65 years performed EIT and spirometry; 23 performed research-quality MBW. The median GII and RVD40 were 39.1 and 5.52, respectively. The median LCI was 8.9. RVD40 correlated moderately with LCI (r = 0.49, p = 0.02) and negatively correlated with FEV1pp (r = -0.36, p = 0.04). There was a weak positive correlation between GII and LCI (r = 0.27, p = 0.21). GII demonstrated a significant negative correlation with FEV1pp (r = -0.44, p = 0.01). DISCUSSION: We found that EIT measurements correlated with spirometry and MBW. RVD40 was more sensitive and specific for ventilation inhomogeneity as compared to GII. Our data suggest that EIT measurements made during tidal breathing could be a useful clinical test in the evaluation of CF lung disease, though further investigations are needed. CI - (c) 2026 Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Boas, Heather AU - Boas H AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-1874-303X AD - Section of Pediatric Pulmonology, Dartmouth Health Children's, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA. FAU - Bennett, Laura AU - Bennett L AD - Biostatistics and Data Management Core, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Faerber, Jennifer AU - Faerber J AD - Biostatistics and Data Management Core, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Donnelly, Erin C AU - Donnelly EC AD - Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Gari, Matthew AU - Gari M AD - Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Sailman, Gina E AU - Sailman GE AD - Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Pierdomenico, Alyssa AU - Pierdomenico A AD - Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Napolitano, Natalie AU - Napolitano N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1498-8465 AD - Respiratory Therapy Department, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Dorgan, Daniel AU - Dorgan D AD - Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. AD - Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Panitch, Howard B AU - Panitch HB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8440-283X AD - Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Ren, Clement L AU - Ren CL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4431-0644 AD - Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. LA - eng GR - BOAS23D0/Cystic Fibrosis Foundation/ PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study PL - United States TA - Pediatr Pulmonol JT - Pediatric pulmonology JID - 8510590 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Cystic Fibrosis/physiopathology/diagnostic imaging MH - *Electric Impedance MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - *Tomography/methods MH - Middle Aged MH - Child MH - Spirometry MH - Young Adult MH - Aged MH - Respiratory Function Tests MH - Forced Expiratory Volume MH - ROC Curve MH - *Lung/physiopathology/diagnostic imaging MH - Sensitivity and Specificity OTO - NOTNLM OT - bioelectrical impedance OT - lung clearance index OT - lung imaging OT - pulmonary function test OT - ventilation inhomogeneity EDAT- 2026/10/15 23:30 MHDA- 2026/10/15 23:31 CRDT- 2026/10/15 17:21 PHST- 2026/09/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/12/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/15 23:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/15 23:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/15 17:21 [entrez] AID - e71856 [pii] AID - 10.1002/ppul.71856 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pediatr Pulmonol. 2026 Oct;61(10):e71856. doi: 10.1002/ppul.71856. PMID- 42876325 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261015 LR - 20261019 IS - 1654-9880 (Electronic) IS - 1654-9716 (Print) IS - 1654-9880 (Linking) VI - 19 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Dec TI - Predicting neurodevelopmental delay among two-year-old infants in Northern Uganda. PG - 2748101 LID - 10.1080/16549716.2026.2748101 [doi] LID - 2748101 AB - BACKGROUND: Data on neurodevelopmental disabilities in sub-Saharan Africa are scarce. Identifying children at the highest risk of neurodevelopmental delay could enable health workers to target these groups more effectively, improve resource allocation and programmatic focus. OBJECTIVE: To develop and assess a model for predicting neurodevelopmental delay among two-year-old infants in Northern Uganda using easily obtainable predictors. METHODS: We studied children born to women enrolled in a cluster randomized controlled trial (January 2018-March 2019) evaluating the effect of peer counseling on health facility births. At the trial's final visit (day 50), 1,804 children were enrolled. In November 2020, we followed up 1,421 children (78.8%) and assessed their neurodevelopment at 2 years using the Malawi Developmental Assessment Tool. We used least absolute shrinkage and selection operator penalized regression with 10-fold cross-validation to select the best subset of predictors and assessed model performance using the area under the curve (AUC). RESULTS: Of the 1,421 children, 70 (4.9%; 95% CI: 3.6-6.7%) had neurodevelopmental delays. Of the 19 candidate predictors, six were retained in the final model (lambda = 0.0076): moderate wasting, prolonged neonatal hospitalization (up to 28 days), maternal education, place of birth, preterm birth, and absence of skin-to-skin contact at birth. The model showed strong discriminative power (AUC 0.75) and reasonable calibration (calibration slope 1.37; calibration belt 0.536-0.727). CONCLUSION: We developed a promising tool for identifying infants at increased risk of neurodevelopmental delay in low-resource settings, which could help prioritize children for follow-up and specialized interventions. FAU - Mukunya, David AU - Mukunya D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3892-9777 AD - Department of Community and Public Health, Busitema University, Mbale, Uganda. AD - Department of Research, Nikao Medical Center, Kampala, Uganda. FAU - Ndeezi, Grace AU - Ndeezi G AD - Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda. FAU - Namazzi, Gertrude AU - Namazzi G AD - Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda. AD - Department of Health Policy, Planning and Management, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda. FAU - Tylleskar, Thorkild AU - Tylleskar T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4801-4324 AD - Center for Internation Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. FAU - Nambozo, Brendah AU - Nambozo B AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-8600-8654 AD - Department of Community and Public Health, Busitema University, Mbale, Uganda. AD - Center for Internation Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. FAU - Musaba, Milton W AU - Musaba MW AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Busitema University Faculty of Health Sciences, Mbale, Uganda. FAU - Odongkara, Beatrice AU - Odongkara B AD - Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Gulu University, Gulu, Uganda. FAU - Achora, Vincentina AU - Achora V AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Gulu University, Gulu, Uganda. FAU - Tongun, Justin Bruno AU - Tongun JB AD - Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Juba, Juba, South Sudan. FAU - Tumuhamye, Josephine AU - Tumuhamye J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5451-6406 AD - Department of Research, Makerere University Hospital, Kampala, Uganda. FAU - Napyo, Agnes AU - Napyo A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4333-3588 AD - Department of Nursing, School of Medicine, Kabale University, Kabale, Uganda. FAU - Ssentumbwe, Vicent AU - Ssentumbwe V AD - Division of Computational and Data Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA. FAU - Nankabirwa, Victoria AU - Nankabirwa V AD - Centre for Intervention Science and Maternal Child Health (CISMAC), Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda. FAU - Tumwine, James K AU - Tumwine JK AD - Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Kabale University, Kabale, Uganda. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20261015 PL - United States TA - Glob Health Action JT - Global health action JID - 101496665 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Uganda/epidemiology MH - Female MH - Male MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Developmental Disabilities/epidemiology/diagnosis MH - *Neurodevelopmental Disorders/epidemiology MH - Risk Factors MH - Infant PMC - PMC13674651 OAB - Main findings: we developed and evaluated a risk prediction model that identified six readily available factors associated with neurodevelopmental delay among infants in Northern Uganda and demonstrated a good ability to distinguish children at increased risk.Added knowledge: this study provides evidence that routinely collected maternal, birth, and early infant characteristics can be used to support early identification of children who may benefit from targeted neurodevelopmental follow-up.Global health impact for policy and action: the findings provide a practical approach for low-resource settings to improve early detection, prioritize limited resources, and guide interventions to reduce the burden of neurodevelopmental disabilities. OABL- eng OTO - NOTNLM OT - Early child development; thriving OT - human capacity development OT - human capital OT - low-income countries OT - neurodevelopmental delay OT - risk stratification COIS- No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s). EDAT- 2026/10/15 07:18 MHDA- 2026/10/15 07:19 PMCR- 2026/10/15 CRDT- 2026/10/15 03:53 PHST- 2026/10/15 07:19 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/15 07:18 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/15 03:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2748101 [pii] AID - 10.1080/16549716.2026.2748101 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Glob Health Action. 2026 Dec;19(1):2748101. doi: 10.1080/16549716.2026.2748101. Epub 2026 Oct 15. PMID- 42876122 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261015 LR - 20261015 IS - 0004-0614 (Print) IS - 0004-0614 (Linking) VI - 79 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Early Postoperative Testicular Volume Ratio Is Associated With Long-Term Growth Failure After Unilateral Redo Orchiopexy in Children. PG - 1311-1320 LID - 10.56434/j.arch.esp.urol.aeu039 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Redo orchiopexy is usually evaluated based on the position of the scrotum after surgery, but satisfactory scrotal placement may not necessarily reflect preserved long-term testicular growth. In this study, we evaluated whether the early postoperative testicular volume ratio (TVR) is associated with long-term growth failure after unilateral redo orchiopexy in children. METHODS: This retrospective single-center cohort study included children who underwent unilateral redo orchiopexy between January 2013 and January 2023. Early postoperative ultrasonography was performed 6-12 months after surgery, and subsequent follow-up ultrasonography was performed at >/=24 months. TVR was calculated as the operated testicular volume divided by the contralateral testicular volume x 100. Long-term growth failure was defined as long-term TVR <50% and/or the absence of an interval increase in operated testicular volume beyond expected ultrasonographic measurement variability. The discriminative ability of early TVR was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. The ROC-derived cutoff was considered exploratory because it was derived and evaluated in the same cohort. RESULTS: Sixty-eight children met the inclusion criteria. The mean age at redo orchiopexy was 7.8 +/- 2.9 years, and the median follow-up was 36 months. Long-term growth failure occurred in 20 patients (29.4%). Children with growth failure had significantly lower early TVR than those with preserved growth (48.6 +/- 13.2% vs. 80.4 +/- 16.8%, p < 0.001). Early TVR showed good apparent discrimination, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.84 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.72-0.96). In the exploratory multivariable model, each 10-percentage-point increase in early TVR was associated with a lower odds of growth failure (odds ratio [OR] 0.56; 95% bootstrap CI 0.36-0.84). The apparent model AUC was 0.86, and the optimism-corrected AUC after 1000 bootstrap resamples was 0.81. The exploratory 55% cutoff yielded 82% sensitivity, 78% specificity, 69% positive predictive value, and 88% negative predictive value. CONCLUSIONS: Early postoperative TVR is associated with long-term testicular growth failure after unilateral redo orchiopexy. A TVR of approximately 55% may help identify children who require closer ultrasonographic surveillance, but this threshold is hypothesis-generating and requires external validation before clinical implementation. TVR should be interpreted as an imaging-based risk stratification marker rather than a direct measure of endocrine, fertility, or histologic testicular function. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). FAU - Baltrak, Yusuf Atakan AU - Baltrak YA AD - Department of Pediatric Urology, Adana City Education and Research Hospital, 01370 Adana, Turkiye. FAU - Turker Colak, Selcan AU - Turker Colak S AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, 01330 Adana, Turkiye. FAU - Tutus, Kamuran AU - Tutus K AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, 01330 Adana, Turkiye. FAU - Kilic, Seref Selcuk AU - Kilic SS AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, 01330 Adana, Turkiye. FAU - Ozden, Onder AU - Ozden O AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, 01330 Adana, Turkiye. FAU - Alkan, Murat AU - Alkan M AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, 01330 Adana, Turkiye. FAU - Tuncer, Recep AU - Tuncer R AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, 01330 Adana, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - Spain TA - Arch Esp Urol JT - Archivos espanoles de urologia JID - 0064757 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Orchiopexy/adverse effects/methods MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Organ Size MH - *Testis/growth & development/diagnostic imaging/pathology/anatomy & histology MH - Reoperation MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Cryptorchidism/surgery MH - Time Factors MH - Ultrasonography MH - Cohort Studies OTO - NOTNLM OT - cryptorchidism OT - redo orchiopexy OT - testicular growth failure OT - testicular volume ratio OT - ultrasonography COIS- All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form. The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. A preprint version of this study was previously posted online under the title "Early Testicular Volume Ratio Predicts Growth Failure after Redo Orchiopexy in Children" (DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-9876005/v1; URL: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9876005/v1. EDAT- 2026/10/15 07:18 MHDA- 2026/10/15 07:19 CRDT- 2026/10/15 02:13 PHST- 2026/10/15 07:19 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/15 07:18 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/15 02:13 [entrez] AID - 10.56434/j.arch.esp.urol.aeu039 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Arch Esp Urol. 2026 Sep;79(8):1311-1320. doi: 10.56434/j.arch.esp.urol.aeu039. PMID- 42876010 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261015 LR - 20261023 IS - 1643-3750 (Electronic) IS - 1234-1010 (Print) IS - 1234-1010 (Linking) VI - 32 DP - 2026 Oct 15 TI - Validation of the Children and Adolescents Physical Activity and Sedentary Questionnaire (CAPAS-Q) in Polish Children and Adolescents. PG - e953567 LID - 10.12659/MSM.953567 [doi] LID - e953567 AB - BACKGROUND Global public health faces challenges related to low physical activity (PA) and excessive sedentary behavior (SB) among youth. This study aimed to validate the Polish version of the Children and Adolescents Physical Activity and Sedentary Questionnaire (CAPAS-Q). MATERIAL AND METHODS The study involved 206 participants (114 girls, 92 boys) aged 8 to 17 years. Participants completed the CAPAS-Q twice (7-day interval) to assess test-retest reliability. Objective PA and SB data were collected concurrently using ActiGraph wGT3X-BT accelerometers. Psychometric evaluation included internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha), test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]), and criterion validity (Spearman's rank correlation [rs]). RESULTS Internal consistency was acceptable (Cronbach's alpha 0.674 for PA and 0.754 for SB). Test-retest reliability was good to excellent, with subscale ICCs of 0.7429 to 0.9375. For criterion validity, the SB dimension showed moderate correlations with accelerometer-derived total PA (rs=-0.41) and sedentary time (rs=0.41). PA subscale correlations were generally smaller, with the highest association found between sports/leisure PA and moderate to vigorous PA (rs=0.27). Psychometric properties varied by group, with lower PA validity in younger children and adolescent girls. CONCLUSIONS The Polish CAPAS-Q demonstrates good to excellent test-retest reliability, although its internal consistency varies across subgroups, being lower in younger children. While the tool shows moderate criterion validity for SBs, its validity for quantifying PA volume is weak. Nevertheless, the CAPAS-Q provides valuable contextual and qualitative data. It is recommended as a cost-effective instrument for contextual screening in epidemiological studies, but caution is advised when interpreting PA levels in younger children and adolescent girls. FAU - Baran, Rafal AU - Baran R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9638-9505 AD - Faculty of Health Sciences and Psychology, Institute of Physiotherapy, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland. FAU - Baran, Joanna AU - Baran J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8354-1651 AD - Faculty of Health Sciences and Psychology, Institute of Physiotherapy, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland. FAU - Leszczak, Justyna AU - Leszczak J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8769-0048 AD - Faculty of Health Sciences and Psychology, Institute of Physiotherapy, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland. FAU - Fillon, Alicia AU - Fillon A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0614-8909 AD - Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), EA 3533, Clermont Auvergne University, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France. AD - National Observatory for Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors (ONAPS), UFR Medicine, University Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France. FAU - Thivel, David AU - Thivel D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4687-3555 AD - Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), EA 3533, Clermont Auvergne University, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France. AD - National Observatory for Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors (ONAPS), UFR Medicine, University Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France. FAU - Wyszynska, Justyna AU - Wyszynska J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5786-6214 AD - Faculty of Health Sciences and Psychology, Institute of Physiotherapy, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20261015 PL - United States TA - Med Sci Monit JT - Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research JID - 9609063 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - *Sedentary Behavior MH - Poland MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Exercise/physiology/psychology MH - Male MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Psychometrics/methods MH - Accelerometry/methods PMC - PMC13685572 COIS- Conflict of interest: None declared EDAT- 2026/10/15 07:18 MHDA- 2026/10/15 07:19 PMCR- 2026/10/15 CRDT- 2026/10/15 01:22 PHST- 2026/10/15 07:19 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/15 07:18 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/15 01:22 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 953567 [pii] AID - 10.12659/MSM.953567 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Med Sci Monit. 2026 Oct 15;32:e953567. doi: 10.12659/MSM.953567. PMID- 42875715 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261014 IS - 1543-0154 (Electronic) IS - 0885-8195 (Linking) DP - 2026 Oct 15 TI - Integrating Physical Activity and Family Health Education into Pediatric Oncology Outpatient Care: ATIVAONCO Project. LID - 10.1007/s13187-026-02999-7 [doi] AB - ATIVAONCO is a university extension project designed to integrate adapted physical activity and family health education into routine pediatric oncology outpatient care in a public hospital in southern Brazil. This descriptive experience report summarizes the program's implementation from 2023 onward. Activities are offered twice weekly during a two-hour outpatient window and are delivered by exercise professionals and supervised trainees. Each session combines a brief health-education component for parents and caregivers, playful and adaptable movement activities for children and adolescents, and a closing discussion circle. Program monitoring uses team observations, participant and caregiver feedback, and session records to support iterative adaptation. Over the years, more than 300 children and adolescents participated in the project, with a mean age of 7.53 +/- 3.30 years; 53.2% were male and 46.8% were female. Recurring observations included engagement with movement activities, social interaction, and use of the waiting area as a more active and welcoming space. ATIVAONCO project demonstrates the practical feasibility of embedding physical activity promotion and family-centered education into outpatient pediatric oncology care. Future evaluations should measure educational outcomes, physical activity exposure, patient-reported outcomes, and safety using standardized prospective methods. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Carminatti, Micheli AU - Carminatti M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8926-8211 AD - Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. FAU - Cappellaro, Erica AU - Cappellaro E AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-7907-1427 AD - Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. FAU - Benitez, Herber Orlando AU - Benitez HO AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-6891-3598 AD - Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. FAU - Wolin, Ingrid Alessandra Victoria AU - Wolin IAV AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2156-0715 AD - Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. ingridwolin@gmail.com. FAU - Lana, Isadora Dalla AU - Lana ID AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-5122-5326 AD - Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. FAU - Mohamed, Gustavo Vieira AU - Mohamed GV AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-8126-6485 AD - Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. FAU - Ramos, Julia de Lima AU - Ramos JL AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-2007-147X AD - Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. FAU - Delevatti, Rodrigo Sudatti AU - Delevatti RS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1827-7799 AD - Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. FAU - Gerage, Aline Mendes AU - Gerage AM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0555-5422 AD - Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. FAU - Freitas, Cintia de la Rocha AU - Freitas CR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8566-6298 AD - Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261015 PL - England TA - J Cancer Educ JT - Journal of cancer education : the official journal of the American Association for Cancer Education JID - 8610343 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cancer education OT - Family-centered care OT - Health education OT - Pediatric oncology OT - Physical activity OT - Supportive care COIS- Declarations. Ethical approval: The ATIVAONCO Project was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Santa Catarina (Approval No. 6,663,135) and by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the Joana de Gusmao Children's Hospital (Approval No. 6,946,800). All procedures were conducted in accordance with the ethical principles applicable to research involving human participants Consent to participate: Written informed consent was obtained from the parents or legal guardians of participating children and adolescents, and assent was obtained from the participants when applicable, according to age and capacity for understanding and in accordance with the procedures approved by the Research Ethics Committees. Consent to publish: Not applicable. The manuscript does not contain identifiable individual participant data, images, or other information requiring consent for publication. Relevance to cancer education: ATIVAONCO integrates family-centered education on physical activity and healthy behaviors into routine pediatric oncology outpatient care while providing a supervised practice setting for exercise-science trainees. This report describes the implementation of a cancer-care education strategy at patient-family and trainee levels; educational learning outcomes were not formally measured. Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no financial or non-financial competing interests relevant to the content of this article. EDAT- 2026/10/15 07:18 MHDA- 2026/10/15 07:18 CRDT- 2026/10/14 23:55 PHST- 2026/09/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/10/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/15 07:18 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/15 07:18 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/14 23:55 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s13187-026-02999-7 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s13187-026-02999-7 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - J Cancer Educ. 2026 Oct 15. doi: 10.1007/s13187-026-02999-7. PMID- 42874221 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261014 IS - 1872-7727 (Electronic) IS - 0720-048X (Linking) VI - 206 DP - 2026 Oct 9 TI - Quantitative ultrasound-derived estimated fat fraction for detection and grading of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in a pediatric population. PG - 113294 LID - S0720-048X(26)00642-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ejrad.2026.113294 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Pediatric metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) prevalence is approximately 10%, but ultrasound fat quantification lacks validation. This study evaluated the diagnostic performance of quantitative ultrasound-derived estimated fat fraction (USFF) against magnetic resonance imaging proton density fat fraction (MRI-PDFF) in children with suspected MASLD. METHODS: This prospective single-center study enrolled 65 children aged 6-18 years with suspected MASLD. USFF, tissue attenuation imaging (TAI), tissue scatter distribution imaging (TSI), hepato-renal index (EzHRI), and shear wave elastography (SWE) were measured on a Samsung R10 Prestige platform; 3.0 T MRI-PDFF served as reference. Steatosis was graded using pediatric PDFF thresholds. Diagnostic performance was assessed by ROC analysis with DeLong comparisons and internally validated by bootstrap resampling; agreement by Bland-Altman analysis; inter-operator reproducibility assessed in a randomly selected 30-child subset. RESULTS: Among 65 children (48 boys; median age 11.2 years), 20 were classified as S0, 29 as S1, and 16 as S2-3. USFF AUCs were 0.941 (>/=S1) and 0.960 (>/=S2), higher than EzHRI and SWE, and similar to TAI (0.903, 0.957) and TSI (0.900, 0.880). USFF strongly correlated with MRI-PDFF (rho = 0.906) but systematically underestimated PDFF (mean bias - 3.13%; non-parametric limits of agreement - 14.51% to + 4.24%). In an exploratory analysis, younger children (<12 years) showed larger bias (-4.00% vs - 1.82%, p = 0.029) with similar AUC point estimates. CONCLUSIONS: USFF shows high diagnostic performance (AUC > 0.94) for pediatric MASLD, but its 3.13% underestimation and wide non-parametric limits of agreement warrant caution. USFF may serve as a practical tool for categorical steatosis grading in children with suspected MASLD, and the proposed thresholds require external validation before clinical use. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Wang, Yujue AU - Wang Y AD - Department of Ultrasound, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China. FAU - Du, Lanxin AU - Du L AD - Department of Ultrasound, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China. FAU - Yang, Caiwei AU - Yang C AD - Department of Radiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. FAU - Wang, Qian AU - Wang Q AD - Department of Ultrasound, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China. FAU - Pang, Houqing AU - Pang H AD - Department of Ultrasound, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China. Electronic address: panghouqing75@163.com. FAU - Li, Ping AU - Li P AD - Department of Pediatrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China. Electronic address: pingli_0415@scu.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261009 PL - Ireland TA - Eur J Radiol JT - European journal of radiology JID - 8106411 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adiposity OT - MASLD OT - Magnetic resonance imaging OT - Pediatric OT - Quantitative ultrasound OT - Ultrasonography COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/10/14 23:32 MHDA- 2026/10/14 23:32 CRDT- 2026/10/14 18:05 PHST- 2026/08/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/10/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/14 23:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/14 23:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/14 18:05 [entrez] AID - S0720-048X(26)00642-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ejrad.2026.113294 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Eur J Radiol. 2026 Oct 9;206:113294. doi: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2026.113294. PMID- 42873276 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261014 IS - 1432-198X (Electronic) IS - 0931-041X (Linking) DP - 2026 Oct 14 TI - Feasibility and acceptability of a telehealth-supported physical activity program for children with chronic kidney disease: a pilot mixed methods study. LID - 10.1007/s00467-026-07560-8 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) often experience high levels of physical inactivity, exacerbating their health challenges and diminishing their quality of life. Given the potential health risks and reported barriers to sustained engagement in physical activity interventions, our objective was to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of an individualized telehealth-supported physical activity program for adolescents with CKD stages 2-5. METHODS: This study was a 2-arm randomized waitlist control intervention to evaluate a 12-week telehealth physical activity program in children with CKD. Eligible participants, aged 11-18 years with CKD stages 2-5, were randomized via permuted block randomization, with CKD stage and sex as stratification factors, into a waitlist control (WLC) or physical activity intervention group. The treatment group received every 2-weeks video visits and personalized physical activity plans to increase or maintain >/=150 min of moderate to vigorous physical activity/week. All participants received a remotely tracked fitness wearable. Demographic and disease-based characteristics were collected at baseline to assess group differences. End-of-treatment surveys were conducted to assess acceptability, and inductive qualitative analysis was performed on two open-ended questions for both participant and guardian. RESULTS: Of 400 patients screened for eligibility, 37 were randomized (19 to waitlist control, 18 to treatment) with a recruitment rate of 4/month and an attrition rate of 2.7%. No demographic or disease characteristic differences were observed between groups. High fitness wearable adherence was observed in 35 participants. Median telehealth visit compliance was 83%. Qualitative analysis identified 3 categories: accountability and motivation (>30% citations from participants and parents relating to instructor motivation and accountability), the interplay of physical or mental health and physical activity (44% participant physical health), and personalization of the program to limit barriers to implementation (52% participant activity type, 44% participant education). CONCLUSION: Telehealth-supported physical activity intervention is feasible in children with CKD with low attrition rates and high compliance to visits. Participants and guardians identified personalization and engagement strategies as central to their experience of the program, suggesting these may be important to intervention success. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Wong Vega, Molly R AU - Wong Vega MR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4732-4996 AD - Department of Renal & Pheresis Services, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA. mvega@bcm.edu. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Nephrology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. mvega@bcm.edu. AD - Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA. mvega@bcm.edu. FAU - Johnston, Craig A AU - Johnston CA AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-9533-1883 AD - Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA. FAU - Bily, Morgan AU - Bily M AD - Department of Renal & Pheresis Services, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA. FAU - Walsh, David W AU - Walsh DW AD - Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA. FAU - LaVoy, Emily C AU - LaVoy EC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9505-0144 AD - Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA. FAU - Jennings, Kristofer AU - Jennings K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5442-9326 AD - Department of Biostatistics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA. FAU - Akcan-Arikan, Ayse AU - Akcan-Arikan A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5123-6713 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Nephrology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. FAU - Markofski, Melissa M AU - Markofski MM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0214-4246 AD - Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA. LA - eng GR - 22-01657/ACSM Foundation/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261014 PL - Germany TA - Pediatr Nephrol JT - Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) JID - 8708728 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescents OT - Compliance OT - Exercise OT - Qualitative OT - Telemedicine COIS- Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors declare that no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/10/14 18:14 MHDA- 2026/10/14 18:14 CRDT- 2026/10/14 14:56 PHST- 2026/06/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/10/14 18:14 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/14 18:14 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/14 14:56 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00467-026-07560-8 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00467-026-07560-8 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Pediatr Nephrol. 2026 Oct 14. doi: 10.1007/s00467-026-07560-8. PMID- 42872516 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261022 IS - 1536-4801 (Electronic) IS - 0277-2116 (Linking) DP - 2026 Oct 14 TI - Development of an anthropometric-based algorithm to estimate feeding tube insertion depth in neonates. LID - 10.1002/jpn3.70608 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To develop an anthropometric-based algorithm for estimating feeding tube (FT) insertion depth in neonates using retrospectively collected radiographic data. METHODS: This observational study reviewed records of infants admitted to a Danish level IV Neonatal Intensive Care Unit from January 2023 to December 2024. Infants with FT placement, using the conventional Nose-Ear-Xiphoid (NEX) method, and radiographic verification within 24 h were included. Radiographically verified FT position and anthropometric data were used to develop new linear and multivariate quadratic models to optimize placement. RESULTS: Among 198 infants were included (median gestational age [GA] of 35 + 0 weeks [interquartile range, IQR:28 + 6-38 + 1]), 301 radiographic images showed, 144 FTs located at lumbar vertebra 1 (L1), 139 within one vertebra of L1, and 18 outside the stomach. Radiologists recommended adjustment in 107 images. Linear models (weight- or length-dependent) showed strong predictive power (R(2) > 0.84), while the multivariate quadratic model reduced bias and achieved R(2) = 0.88, confirmed by cross-validation. Prediction accuracy within the predefined target range (L1 +/- 1.5 cm) was 77% n, compared with 64% of clinically acceptable NEX placed tubes (p < 0.001). The optimal algorithm was: FT depth = -3.46 + 0.00229 x weight (g) - 9.48 x 10(-8) x weight (g)(2) + 0.5992 x length (cm) -0.005918 x length(cm)(2) + 0.07808 x correted GA(w). CONCLUSION: The quadratic prediction model showed good internal performance and reduced bias at anthropometric extremes, offering a standardized approach to optimize FT placement and enhance safety in neonatal care. Prospective external validation is required before clinical implementation. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition and North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition. FAU - Lauritsen, Julius V AU - Lauritsen JV AD - Department of Neonatology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Denmark. FAU - Heiring, Christian AU - Heiring C AD - Department of Neonatology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Denmark. AD - Copenhagen Academy for Medical Education and Simulation, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Wulff, Line AU - Wulff L AD - Department of Neonatology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Denmark. FAU - Kappel, Susanne S AU - Kappel SS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2023-298X AD - Department of Neonatology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Denmark. FAU - Aunsholt, Lise AU - Aunsholt L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0965-429X AD - Department of Neonatology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Denmark. AD - Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. LA - eng GR - None/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261014 PL - United States TA - J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr JT - Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition JID - 8211545 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - NEX OT - NICU OT - X-ray OT - enteral feeding EDAT- 2026/10/14 18:14 MHDA- 2026/10/14 18:14 CRDT- 2026/10/14 13:40 PHST- 2026/06/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/11/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/14 18:14 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/14 18:14 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/14 13:40 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/jpn3.70608 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2026 Oct 14. doi: 10.1002/jpn3.70608. PMID- 42871234 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261014 LR - 20261015 IS - 1179-1411 (Print) IS - 1179-1411 (Electronic) IS - 1179-1411 (Linking) VI - 18 DP - 2026 TI - Advanced Maternal Age and Risk of Large-for-Gestational-Age Infants: Mediating Roles of Prenatal Body Mass Index and Specific Lipid Profiles. PG - 642291 LID - 10.2147/IJWH.S642291 [doi] LID - 642291 AB - BACKGROUND: Advanced maternal age (AMA) is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, but the mechanisms linking AMA to fetal overgrowth remain poorly quantified. This retrospective cohort study aimed to estimate the potential statistical mediating roles of prenatal BMI and blood lipids in the association between AMA and large-for-gestational-age (LGA) infants. METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study, 11,504 singleton pregnancies (28-41 weeks) in Changzhou, China, were analyzed. Women were classified as AMA (>/=35 years, n=1,330) or non‑AMA (n=10,174). Multivariable regression and mediation analyses assessed associations between AMA, lipid profiles, BMI, and LGA risk. RESULTS: AMA pregnancies showed significantly higher LGA rates than non-AMA pregnancies (24.44% vs 14.37%, P<0.001). After adjustment, AMA independently increased LGA risk (adjusted OR: 1.37, 95% CI: 1.18-1.60, P<0.001). AMA was associated with higher prenatal BMI (beta=0.37 kg/m(2)), elevated triglycerides (beta=0.27 mmol/L), and lower low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) (beta=-0.07 mmol/L) (all P<0.001). These metabolic factors independently predicted LGA risk: BMI (adjusted OR: 1.20 per 1 kg/m(2) increase), triglycerides (adjusted OR: 1.13 per 1 mmol/L increase), and LDL-C (adjusted OR: 1.32 per 1 mmol/L decrease) (all P<0.001). Exploratory mediation analysis estimated that prenatal BMI statistically accounted for 19.8% of the total AMA‑LGA effect, while triglycerides and LDL‑C accounted for 5.1% and 2.8%, respectively. CONCLUSION: AMA is independently associated with increased LGA risk, and this association is statistically partially mediated by higher BMI, elevated triglycerides, and lower LDL‑C. Given the retrospective observational design and the single‑timepoint measurement of lipids at delivery, these findings should be interpreted as statistical decompositions of associations rather than as causal. Nevertheless, they suggest that BMI and lipid profiles may be useful for risk stratification in older pregnant women, though prospective validation is warranted. CI - (c) 2026 Zhang et al. FAU - Zhang, Bin AU - Zhang B AD - Department of Medical Genetics, Changzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, People's Republic of China. FAU - Yan, Qi AU - Yan Q AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. FAU - Zhan, Zhaolong AU - Zhan Z AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-6012-0658 AD - Department of Medical Genetics, Changzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, People's Republic of China. FAU - Chen, Xusheng AU - Chen X AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-5032-8709 AD - Department of Medical Genetics, Changzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, People's Republic of China. FAU - Yuan, Xiaosong AU - Yuan X AD - Department of Medical Genetics, Changzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, People's Republic of China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261008 PL - New Zealand TA - Int J Womens Health JT - International journal of women's health JID - 101531698 PMC - PMC13658422 OTO - NOTNLM OT - advanced maternal age OT - body mass index OT - large for gestational age OT - lipid profiles OT - mediation analysis COIS- The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/14 11:34 MHDA- 2026/10/14 11:35 PMCR- 2026/10/08 CRDT- 2026/10/14 08:43 PHST- 2026/07/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/14 11:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/14 11:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/14 08:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 642291 [pii] AID - 10.2147/IJWH.S642291 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Womens Health. 2026 Oct 8;18:642291. doi: 10.2147/IJWH.S642291. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42871191 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261014 LR - 20261015 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Initial screening positivity for suspected scoliosis and machine learning-assisted risk prioritization: a school-based cross-sectional study in Wuhai, Inner Mongolia, China. PG - 1923480 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1923480 [doi] LID - 1923480 AB - BACKGROUND: Questionnaire-based prescreening is inexpensive, but its ability to identify students with abnormal scoliosis screening findings is uncertain. We assessed whether questionnaire variables improved prediction beyond a demographic and anthropometric baseline and whether simple on-site physical signs could further improve risk prioritization. The outcome was initial screening positivity, defined by a positive Adams forward-bend test together with an angle of trunk rotation (ATR) of >/=5 degrees . METHODS: This school-based cross-sectional study included 3,559 students aged 10-18 years from four schools in Wuhai, Inner Mongolia, China. Participants underwent anthropometry, postural examination, the Adams test, electronic ATR measurement after a visually positive Adams test, and a structured questionnaire. Questionnaire models were assessed first. As questionnaire variables did not improve the demographic and anthropometric baseline, the final models used age, sex, grade, BMI, shoulder asymmetry, and foot arch morphology. Logistic regression, random forest, and XGBoost were evaluated with five-fold stratified cross-validation repeated three times. RESULTS: Of 3,559 students, 392 (11.01%) met the initial screening-positive definition. Among models without physical signs, the demographic and anthropometric baseline model performed best (ROC-AUC, 0.633; PR-AUC, 0.163), while adding all or selected questionnaire variables did not improve performance. Among physical-sign models, random forest had the highest ROC-AUC (0.787) and PR-AUC (0.400), and the lowest Brier score (0.082), although its ROC-AUC gain over logistic regression was modest (0.014; 95% CI, -0.001 to 0.029). Prioritizing the top 30% by risk identified 258 of 392 positive results (65.8%); approximately 60.4% of students required prioritization to achieve 90% sensitivity. CONCLUSION: Questionnaire information did not support individual prescreening. Simple physical signs improved internal risk ranking for initial screening positivity, but the model cannot replace the combined screening procedure or diagnosis. External validation against clinical and radiographic reference standards is needed. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Wang, Liu, Wang, Duan, Zhang, Li, Yan and Hai. FAU - Wang, Hongyan AU - Wang H AD - Wuhai Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Mongolian Medicine, Wuhai, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China. FAU - Liu, Xiafei AU - Liu X AD - Wuhai Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Mongolian Medicine, Wuhai, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China. FAU - Wang, Biao AU - Wang B AD - Wuhai Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Mongolian Medicine, Wuhai, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China. FAU - Duan, Lijuan AU - Duan L AD - Wuhai Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Mongolian Medicine, Wuhai, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China. FAU - Zhang, Xia AU - Zhang X AD - Wuhai Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Mongolian Medicine, Wuhai, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China. FAU - Li, Ying AU - Li Y AD - Wuhai Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Mongolian Medicine, Wuhai, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China. FAU - Yan, Cuitao AU - Yan C AD - Wuhai Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Mongolian Medicine, Wuhai, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China. FAU - Hai, Donghu AU - Hai D AD - Wuhai Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Mongolian Medicine, Wuhai, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260929 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - China/epidemiology MH - *Scoliosis/diagnosis/epidemiology MH - Child MH - Female MH - *Machine Learning MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Mass Screening/methods MH - Risk Assessment MH - Schools PMC - PMC13658430 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - children OT - machine learning OT - risk prioritization OT - school health OT - scoliosis screening COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/14 11:34 MHDA- 2026/10/14 11:35 PMCR- 2026/09/29 CRDT- 2026/10/14 08:27 PHST- 2026/06/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/14 11:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/14 11:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/14 08:27 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1923480 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2026 Sep 29;14:1923480. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1923480. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42870901 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261014 LR - 20261015 IS - 1664-1078 (Print) IS - 1664-1078 (Electronic) IS - 1664-1078 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Negative school gossip, self-esteem, and exercise intention among Chinese adolescents: a mediation model. PG - 1923752 LID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1923752 [doi] LID - 1923752 AB - PURPOSE: This study examined the associations among negative school gossip, self-esteem, and general exercise intention among Chinese adolescents, with particular attention to the mediating role of self-esteem and the relevance of these associations to physical education (PE) and school-based movement contexts. METHODS: A cross-sectional online questionnaire survey was conducted among 1,713 junior middle school students in China. Negative school gossip, self-esteem, and exercise intention were assessed using established self-report scales. Data were analyzed using latent-variable structural equation modeling in Mplus 8.3. Common method bias, reliability, convergent validity, discriminant validity, and model fit were examined before testing the mediation model. Bias-corrected bootstrap analysis with 2,000 bootstrap samples was used to test the indirect association. A sensitivity analysis was conducted by controlling for gender, grade, region, parental education, only-child status, and family economic status. RESULTS: The three-factor measurement model showed better fit than alternative measurement models, and the measures demonstrated acceptable reliability and validity. In the main structural model, negative school gossip was negatively associated with self-esteem (beta = -0.157, p < 0.001) and exercise intention (beta = -0.063, p = 0.031), while self-esteem was positively associated with exercise intention (beta = 0.240, p < 0.001). The standardized indirect association from negative school gossip to exercise intention through self-esteem was significant [beta = -0.038, 95% bootstrap CI (-0.055, -0.024)], accounting for 37.62% of the total association. The pattern remained stable after controlling for demographic covariates. CONCLUSION: Negative school gossip was associated with weaker general exercise intention among Chinese adolescents, and self-esteem partly accounted for this association. Although exercise intention was not measured specifically for PE lessons, the findings are relevant to PE because school movement contexts are highly visible and peer-evaluative settings in which reputation-based exclusion and stigma may reduce psychological safety. The results therefore suggest that supportive peer climates and protection from gossip-related exclusion may be important for inclusive PE and equitable participation in school-based physical activity. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Ma and Chen. FAU - Ma, Jiaxin AU - Ma J AD - School of Humanities and Arts, Deyang College of Urban Rail Transit, Deyang, Sichuan, China. FAU - Chen, Xingtong AU - Chen X AD - School of Sports Training, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260929 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Psychol JT - Frontiers in psychology JID - 101550902 PMC - PMC13657928 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Chinese adolescents OT - exercise intention OT - mediation OT - negative school gossip OT - self-esteem OT - structural equation modeling COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/14 11:34 MHDA- 2026/10/14 11:35 PMCR- 2026/09/29 CRDT- 2026/10/14 05:35 PHST- 2026/06/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/14 11:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/14 11:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/14 05:35 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1923752 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Psychol. 2026 Sep 29;17:1923752. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1923752. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42870691 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261014 LR - 20261016 IS - 1467-7687 (Electronic) IS - 1363-755X (Print) IS - 1363-755X (Linking) VI - 29 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Nov TI - Exploring a Range of Potential Factors Promoting and Constraining EF in South African Preschoolers. PG - e70289 LID - 10.1111/desc.70289 [doi] LID - e70289 AB - BACKGROUND: Socioeconomic disadvantage is widely associated with poorer cognitive and educational outcomes. However, emerging evidence suggests that children in low-income contexts may demonstrate resilience in executive function (EF) development. This study examined the predictors of EF in South African preschoolers from disadvantaged communities to identify modifiable, context-specific influences. METHODS: 125 Children (aged 3-5 years) and their caregivers were recruited from 15 early childhood centers in Cape Town. Children completed three tablet-based EF tasks from the Early Years Toolbox measuring working memory, inhibition, shifting, while caregivers reported on demographic variables, household assets, child sleep, child screen time, child exposure to violence, and parenting practices. Multiple linear regressions examined predictors of child EF, with exploratory analyses on a subset (n = 22) for hair cortisol analysis. RESULTS: Older child age (beta = 0.37, p < 0.001), caregiver secondary education (beta = 0.22, p = 0.003), and fewer sleep difficulties (beta = -0.45, p = 0.042) significantly predicted higher child EF scores, together explaining 25% of variance. Household assets, screen time, violence exposure, and parenting scores were non-significant. In the subsample, hair cortisol concentration correlated positively with EF (rho = 0.55, p = 0.009), suggesting potential adaptive calibration under adversity. CONCLUSIONS: Findings highlight that modifiable proximal factors (e.g., caregiver education and child sleep) shape EF development more strongly than socioeconomic indicators. Results challenge the presumed universality of SES-EF gradients and underscore the importance of culturally grounded, contextually validated measures for understanding resilience and early cognitive development in Majority World settings. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Developmental Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Beukes, Johanna AU - Beukes J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2644-7081 AD - SAMRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. FAU - Cook, Caylee AU - Cook C AD - SAMRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. FAU - Howard, Steven J AU - Howard SJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1258-3210 AD - Early Start and School of Education, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia. FAU - Scerif, Gaia AU - Scerif G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6371-8875 AD - Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Sharpley, Christopher F AU - Sharpley CF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7922-4848 AD - Department of Neuroscience, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia. FAU - Hart, Robert AU - Hart R AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia. FAU - Draper, Catherine AU - Draper C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2885-437X AD - SAMRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. LA - eng GR - University of Wollongong/ GR - DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence in Human Development, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg/ GR - University of Wollogong/ PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Dev Sci JT - Developmental science JID - 9814574 RN - WI4X0X7BPJ (Hydrocortisone) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child, Preschool MH - Female MH - South Africa MH - Male MH - *Executive Function/physiology MH - Hydrocortisone/metabolism/analysis MH - *Child Development/physiology MH - Parenting MH - Memory, Short-Term/physiology MH - Hair/chemistry MH - Cognition/physiology MH - Socioeconomic Factors MH - Poverty MH - Sleep/physiology PMC - PMC13662612 OTO - NOTNLM OT - South Africa OT - executive function OT - preschool OT - socioeconomic status COIS- There is no conflict of interest in this project. EDAT- 2026/10/14 05:34 MHDA- 2026/10/14 05:35 PMCR- 2026/10/14 CRDT- 2026/10/14 04:04 PHST- 2026/08/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/10/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/14 05:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/14 05:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/14 04:04 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - DESC70289 [pii] AID - 10.1111/desc.70289 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Dev Sci. 2026 Nov;29(6):e70289. doi: 10.1111/desc.70289. PMID- 42869961 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261013 IS - 1530-0447 (Electronic) IS - 0031-3998 (Linking) DP - 2026 Oct 13 TI - Motor-cognitive integrated training improves executive function and gross motor skills in children with developmental coordination disorder: a pilot RCT. LID - 10.1038/s41390-026-05549-5 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: To evaluate a school-based pilot intervention combining fundamental movement skills (FMS) training and action observation and motor imagery (AOMI) for gross motor skills and executive function in developmental coordination disorder (DCD). METHODS: In this pilot randomized controlled trial, 20 children with DCD were randomized to an experimental group (FMS plus AOMI, n = 10) or an active control group (FMS plus video-based physical activity education). Both groups completed sessions three times per week for 10 weeks. Gross motor skills were assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development-3. Executive function was evaluated using the More-Odd Shifting, Stroop, and Spatial Working Memory tasks. RESULTS: Motor skills improved in both groups, with larger gains observed in the experimental group. For executive function, the experimental group showed greater improvements mainly in reaction time and inverse efficiency scores, whereas accuracy improvements were limited and significant only in selected conditions. CONCLUSION: Compared with FMS combined with video-based physical activity education, FMS combined with AOMI may be associated with additional improvements in motor skills and executive function-related behavioural performance in children with DCD. Given the small pilot sample, these findings should be interpreted as preliminary rather than definitive evidence of efficacy or superiority. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT07486856. IMPACT: Children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) commonly present with both motor coordination deficits and executive function difficulties. Existing interventions mainly focus on motor skills, whereas motor-cognitive integrated approaches remain insufficiently tested in school settings. This pilot randomized controlled trial provides preliminary evidence that a school-based programme combining fundamental movement skills training with action observation and motor imagery may be associated with larger improvements than an attention-matched active control condition involving fundamental movement skills training and video-based physical activity education. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to the International Pediatric Research Foundation, Inc. FAU - Chen, Ji-Wei AU - Chen JW AD - School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China. FAU - Ma, Guan-Li AU - Ma GL AD - School of Psychology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China. FAU - Du, Wen-Qian AU - Du WQ AD - School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China. FAU - Zhang, Xu AU - Zhang X AD - School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China. FAU - Sun, Bo AU - Sun B AD - School of Athletic Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China. FAU - Zhang, Bin AU - Zhang B AD - School of Psychology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China. zhangbin@sus.edu.cn. FAU - Zhu, Kun AU - Zhu K AD - School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China. zhukun@sus.edu.cn. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT07486856 PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261013 PL - United States TA - Pediatr Res JT - Pediatric research JID - 0100714 SB - IM COIS- Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Ethical approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Scientific Research Ethics Committee of Shanghai University of Sport (Approval No. 102772024RT188). Written informed consent was obtained from the legal guardians of all child participants prior to participation in the study. Consent for publication: Consent for publication was obtained from the participants' legal guardians. No identifiable personal information is included in this manuscript. EDAT- 2026/10/14 05:33 MHDA- 2026/10/14 05:33 CRDT- 2026/10/13 23:40 PHST- 2026/04/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/10/14 05:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/14 05:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/13 23:40 [entrez] AID - 10.1038/s41390-026-05549-5 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41390-026-05549-5 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Pediatr Res. 2026 Oct 13. doi: 10.1038/s41390-026-05549-5. PMID- 42868296 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261013 LR - 20261015 IS - 2326-6929 (Electronic) IS - 0011-4162 (Linking) VI - 118 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Psoriasis Area and Severity Index Use in Pediatric Psoriasis. PG - E6-E9 LID - 10.12788/cutis.1423 [doi] AB - Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score is the primary instrument used to assess psoriasis severity and determine eligibility for clinical trials. The PASI scoring system assumes fixed adult body surface area (BSA) proportions for the head (10%), upper extremities (20%), trunk (30%), and lower extremities (40%); however, these proportions differ in pediatric populations. We conducted a systematic review of articles in Embase, PubMed, and Scopus, identifying more than 300 records. After quality appraisal using the Literature Review Scoring Rubric and manual relevance screening, 5 high-quality studies were included in our review. None addressed modification of PASI to account for age-related differences in BSA distribution. Because PASI scoring is used to determine pediatric clinical trial eligibility, reliance on adult BSA proportions may result in overinclusion or underinclusion of children. Based on these findings, we propose a modified PASI incorporating pediatric BSA estimates derived from the Parkland formula to improve accuracy in children and adolescents. FAU - Patra, Pratiksha AU - Patra P AD - From the University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa. FAU - Parker, Lily AU - Parker L AD - From the University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa. FAU - Albers, Sharon AU - Albers S AD - From the University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Systematic Review PL - United States TA - Cutis JT - Cutis JID - 0006440 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Humans MH - Age Factors MH - Body Surface Area MH - *Psoriasis/pathology/diagnosis MH - *Severity of Illness Index EDAT- 2026/10/13 23:36 MHDA- 2026/10/13 23:37 CRDT- 2026/10/13 18:23 PHST- 2026/10/13 23:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/13 23:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/13 18:23 [entrez] AID - 10.12788/cutis.1423 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cutis. 2026 Jul;118(1):E6-E9. doi: 10.12788/cutis.1423. PMID- 42866018 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261013 LR - 20261014 IS - 2296-2360 (Print) IS - 2296-2360 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2360 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - School-based high-intensity interval training for children: a focused systematic review of implementation and school-relevant outcomes. PG - 1952928 LID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1952928 [doi] LID - 1952928 AB - BACKGROUND: Schools are an important setting for physical-activity promotion, but limited curriculum time can constrain the implementation of exercise programmes. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) may offer a brief format for increasing vigorous activity during physical education (PE), classroom activity breaks, or other school-day opportunities. This review examined school-based HIIT delivery models, physical and cardiovascular outcomes, cognition and other school-relevant outcomes, and implementation, feasibility, and safety reporting. METHODS: Five electronic databases were searched for English-language studies published from January 2010 to May 9, 2026. Two reviewers independently screened records, assessed full texts, extracted data, and appraised risk of bias, with disagreements resolved by consensus. Eligible controlled studies evaluated a clearly defined HIIT intervention delivered in a school setting to children aged approximately 5-12 years and reported at least one physical, cardiovascular, cognitive, school-relevant, or implementation outcome. Owing to substantial heterogeneity in interventions and outcomes, findings were synthesised narratively in accordance with the Synthesis Without Meta-analysis (SWiM) reporting guideline. RESULTS: The searches identified 3,508 records; 1,370 duplicates were removed, 2,138 records were screened, 94 full-text reports were assessed, and six studies were included. Analysed sample sizes ranged from 18 to 67 participants. Interventions ranged from 6-minute classroom micro-sessions to 20-minute PE-based programmes delivered for 4-12 weeks. Some studies reported between-group or group-by-time findings favouring HIIT for selected functional-strength, aerobic-fitness, arterial-stiffness, and heart-rate-variability outcomes; other findings were limited to within-group change, and effects were not consistent across protocols. One study assessed inhibitory control and reported improvements after both HIIT and moderate-intensity continuous training, providing no evidence of a HIIT-specific cognitive advantage. No included study directly assessed mental health, academic attainment, attendance, or classroom engagement. Three studies were judged to have a high overall risk of bias and three raised some concerns. CONCLUSIONS: School-based HIIT may be a brief adjunct to, rather than a replacement for, comprehensive PE. Preliminary findings suggest possible benefits for selected fitness and cardiovascular outcomes, while evidence for cognitive, mental-health, and academic benefits remains limited or absent. Given the small evidence base and risk-of-bias concerns, these findings should be interpreted cautiously. The current findings apply to the primary-school-aged samples represented and should not be extrapolated to adolescents. Larger, adequately powered school trials with stronger implementation and outcome reporting are required. CI - (c) 2026 Yang, Lin and Lan. FAU - Yang, Lizhuo AU - Yang L AD - Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, Hubei, China. FAU - Lin, Liping AU - Lin L AD - Guandian Middle School, Mingguang, Anhui, China. FAU - Lan, Zhuomei AU - Lan Z AD - Guandian Hospital, Mingguang, Anhui, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260928 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Pediatr JT - Frontiers in pediatrics JID - 101615492 PMC - PMC13655682 OTO - NOTNLM OT - children OT - high-intensity interval training OT - narrative synthesis OT - physical education OT - school-based intervention OT - systematic review COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/13 17:37 MHDA- 2026/10/13 17:38 PMCR- 2026/09/28 CRDT- 2026/10/13 12:33 PHST- 2026/07/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/13 17:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/13 17:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/13 12:33 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1952928 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Pediatr. 2026 Sep 28;14:1952928. doi: 10.3389/fped.2026.1952928. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42865937 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261013 LR - 20261014 IS - 2296-861X (Print) IS - 2296-861X (Electronic) IS - 2296-861X (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2026 TI - Climate awareness and lower-meat eating among children and adolescents: potential behavioral pathways and contextual conditions. PG - 1967214 LID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1967214 [doi] LID - 1967214 AB - Climate awareness is increasingly proposed as a motive for lower-meat eating, while research involving children and adolescents spans distinct outcomes, from knowledge and willingness to food provision and measured intake. This Mini Review synthesizes these outcome levels and the conditions that connect them. A targeted structured search of Web of Science and Scopus identified surveys, qualitative studies, message and food-education interventions, family and school provision studies, and nutritional analyses. Evidence was organized as climate-linked motivational, proximal behavioral, and intake-association evidence; provision- and intake-change evidence; and contextual or feasibility evidence. Climate-related motives coexist with health, taste, identity, convenience, and social norms. One preregistered study comprising two randomized message experiments reported changes in immediate sustainable choices and intentions. A cross-sectional youth analysis linked climate attitudes with current intake, retrospectively reported reduction, and future intention, whereas a provision-based family trial supplied the clearest within-study change in meat intake. Family gatekeeping, school-food systems, product acceptability, culture, affordability, nutrition, and equity shape opportunities across these routes. Age changes opportunities for dietary agency: decision control may be adult-led, shared, or youth-led within age groups and settings. Climate awareness therefore occupies one motivational position in a multilevel evidence map. Connecting motivation with acceptable, accessible, and nutritionally adequate food environments provides a testable framework for sustained dietary change. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Xing and Wu. FAU - Xing, Lu AU - Xing L AD - School of Preschool Education, Changsha Normal University, Changsha, China. AD - School of Education, Faculty of Social Sciences and Leisure Management, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia. FAU - Wu, Xueqi AU - Wu X AD - Taylor's Culinary Institute, Faculty of Social Sciences and Leisure Management, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260928 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Nutr JT - Frontiers in nutrition JID - 101642264 PMC - PMC13656206 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - alternative proteins OT - children OT - climate awareness OT - lower-meat eating OT - school meals OT - sustainable diets COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/13 17:37 MHDA- 2026/10/13 17:38 PMCR- 2026/09/28 CRDT- 2026/10/13 12:05 PHST- 2026/08/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/13 17:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/13 17:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/13 12:05 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1967214 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Nutr. 2026 Sep 28;13:1967214. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1967214. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42865672 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261013 LR - 20261014 IS - 2296-4185 (Print) IS - 2296-4185 (Electronic) IS - 2296-4185 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Tibiotarsal mechanical behaviour is mainly a function of bone structure and not mineral density in female adolescent chickens. PG - 1812701 LID - 10.3389/fbioe.2026.1812701 [doi] LID - 1812701 AB - INTRODUCTION: Bone fragility and disuse osteoporosis in commercial egg-laying chickens is a major welfare concern. Efforts to address this have focused on eliciting increases in bone mass during growth by raising chickens in more spacious and complex housing systems that motivate increased physical activity. However, it remains unclear how these bone adaptations influence in vivo bone mechanical behaviour in chickens, namely, whole-bone stiffness and strength. METHODS: To investigate this, we sampled female chickens of two genetic strains (Lohmann Brown: brown-feathered, Lohmann LSL Lite: white-feathered) with different loading histories (sedentary: housed in cages with no opportunity for dynamic load bearing activity; active: raised in one of two styles of aviary housing systems requiring locomotion including jumping and other aerial transitions) just prior to the onset of sexual maturity at 16 weeks of age. We imaged their whole right tibiotarsi (ex vivo) using microCT and for the first time developed finite element models of the chicken tibiotarsi under controlled in vivo axial compressive loading on a limited sample size (n = 1, N = 6), which we validated with in vivo strain gauge measurements. Each bone was modelled with both homogeneous and heterogeneous material properties to assess the effects of tissue mineral density and bone structure on the mechanical behaviour. We also quantified a variety of structural measures along the bone length and determined their correlation to simulated mechanical behaviour. RESULTS: We found that consideration of volumetric tissue mineralization heterogeneity in our FE models had negligible influence on the modelled mechanical behaviour, and thus further analyses used only homogeneous FEMs. We identified bone area, total area, bone area ratio, bone thickness, eccentricity, normalized outer perimeter, and inner-to-outer perimeter ratio to be significantly correlated to decreased modelled stress. Increased activity levels was associated with lower modelled stresses in brown-, but not white-feathered chickens, and this pattern could be explained by differences in bone area, total area, and inner-to-outer perimeter ratio. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that, similar to what has been shown in humans, bone structure and not just mineral density is a critical determinant of mechanical behaviour and therefore fracture risk. We identify structural outcomes that can be candidates for genetic selection, targeting improved bone strength, a subset of which may adapt to loading in brown-feathered chickens. We also present a novel (in the poultry science field) approach to assess the relationship between bone structure and mechanical behaviour, which can be further used to inform genetic selection and breeding for improved bone strength and fracture resistance. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Vitienes, Julien, Rentsch, Main, Widowski, Checa and Willie. FAU - Vitienes, Isabela AU - Vitienes I AD - Department of Biological and Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada. AD - Research Centre, Shriners Hospital for Children-Canada, Montreal, QC, Canada. AD - Department of Operative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, Charite - Universitatsmedizin, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Julien, Catherine AU - Julien C AD - Research Centre, Shriners Hospital for Children-Canada, Montreal, QC, Canada. AD - Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada. FAU - Rentsch, Ana K AU - Rentsch AK AD - Department of Animal Bioscience, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada. FAU - Main, Russell P AU - Main RP AD - Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States. AD - Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, Purdue, IN, United States. FAU - Widowski, Tina M AU - Widowski TM AD - Department of Animal Bioscience, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada. FAU - Checa, Sara AU - Checa S AD - Julius Wolff Institute, Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. AD - Institute of Biomechanics, Hamburg University of Technology (TUHH), Hamburg, Germany. FAU - Willie, Bettina M AU - Willie BM AD - Research Centre, Shriners Hospital for Children-Canada, Montreal, QC, Canada. AD - Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada. AD - College of Veterinary Medicine, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260928 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Bioeng Biotechnol JT - Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology JID - 101632513 PMC - PMC13655523 OTO - NOTNLM OT - bone adaptation OT - bone fragility OT - bone mechanical behaviour OT - bone structure OT - egg-laying hens COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/13 11:41 MHDA- 2026/10/13 11:42 PMCR- 2026/09/28 CRDT- 2026/10/13 09:30 PHST- 2026/02/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/13 11:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/13 11:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/13 09:30 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 1812701 [pii] AID - 10.3389/fbioe.2026.1812701 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2026 Sep 28;14:1812701. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2026.1812701. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42865505 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261013 LR - 20261014 IS - 1664-2392 (Print) IS - 1664-2392 (Electronic) IS - 1664-2392 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Evaluating the implementation of the Diabetes Body Project in a clinical cohort of Australian adolescents with type 1 diabetes. PG - 1958711 LID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1958711 [doi] LID - 1958711 AB - INTRODUCTION: Adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are at increased risk of disordered eating behaviors (DEB) and eating disorders (ED) compared to their peers without T1D, contributing to increased diabetes-related complications, and elevated mortality risk. Despite this, there is a lack of targeted ED prevention interventions specifically designed for adolescents with T1D, within routine clinical care. The Diabetes Body Project (DBP) has demonstrated promising feasibility, acceptability, and reduction of DEB in young adults; however, its application in younger adolescents and real-world clinical settings has not been tested. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to extend previous DBP research by evaluating its implementation within a real-world Australian clinical service. The study will assess feasibility and acceptability and explore preliminary efficacy in relation to DEB and glycaemic control in an exclusively adolescent population, including a novel parent/caregiver component. METHODS: This protocol describes a pilot study that will recruit 24 female adolescents with T1D from the John Hunter Children's Hospital (JHCH) Diabetes Service in New South Wales, Australia, along with up to 24 parents/caregivers. Adolescents will participate in a 6-week virtually delivered manualised cognitive dissonance based DBP program, delivered in a group format across four cohorts of 6 adolescents. In addition, two group sessions will be developed and delivered virtually to parents/caregivers for each cohort. Outcomes will be assessed at baseline, post-intervention and at 3 and 6 months follow up. Feasibility will be evaluated through recruitment, retention, attendance, between-session activity completion and parent/caregiver uptake. Acceptability will be assessed via participant and caregiver satisfaction surveys. Preliminary efficacy will be explored through changes in disordered eating behaviors (Diabetes Eating Problem Survey-Revised), body appreciation (BAS-2), diabetes distress (PAID-T), and glycaemic outcomes. DISCUSSION: This study will evaluate the implementation of an adapted DBP intervention for adolescents with T1D within a real-world clinical service. By incorporating a novel parent/caregiver component and targeting the adolescent population, the study addresses key gaps in current literature. Findings may inform the design of future larger-scale trials and support the integration of ED prevention strategies into routine pediatric diabetes care. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Fisher, Pursey, Leigh, King and Smart. FAU - Fisher, Emma L AU - Fisher EL AD - Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, John Hunter Children's Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia. AD - School of Health Sciences, College of Health Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia. FAU - Pursey, Kirrilly M AU - Pursey KM AD - School of Health Sciences, College of Health Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia. AD - Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia. FAU - Leigh, Lucy AU - Leigh L AD - Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia. AD - School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia. FAU - King, Bruce R AU - King BR AD - Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, John Hunter Children's Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia. AD - Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia. FAU - Smart, Carmel E AU - Smart CE AD - Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, John Hunter Children's Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia. AD - School of Health Sciences, College of Health Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia. AD - Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260928 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) JT - Frontiers in endocrinology JID - 101555782 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/psychology/complications/therapy MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - *Feeding and Eating Disorders/prevention & control/etiology/psychology MH - Pilot Projects MH - Australia/epidemiology MH - Male MH - Cohort Studies PMC - PMC13654795 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - eating disorder OT - pilot OT - prevention OT - type 1 diabetes COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/13 11:41 MHDA- 2026/10/13 11:42 PMCR- 2026/09/28 CRDT- 2026/10/13 07:31 PHST- 2026/08/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/13 11:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/13 11:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/13 07:31 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1958711 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2026 Sep 28;17:1958711. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2026.1958711. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42865446 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261013 LR - 20261014 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - A data-driven stratification framework for physical fitness in junior high school students: a composite approach based on BMI and multidimensional data. PG - 1959431 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1959431 [doi] LID - 1959431 AB - OBJECTIVE: To overcome the practical challenges of implementing differentiated instruction in large physical education (PE) classes, this study develops a composite stratification framework. This exploratory framework provides a baseline for precise, individualized physical fitness interventions in adolescents. METHODS: A quantitative cross-sectional design was employed. First, a questionnaire survey was administered to 125 primary and secondary school PE teachers in Beijing to evaluate their attitudes and preferences for evaluation indicators regarding differentiated instruction. Second, multidimensional physical fitness monitoring data were collected from 532 junior high school students. Following the standardization of continuous physical fitness test scores and categorization by Body Mass Index (BMI), one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and K-means clustering algorithms were comprehensively applied to explore the underlying latent cluster formations of students' multidimensional physical fitness characteristics. RESULTS: The survey revealed a high theoretical acceptance of differentiated instruction among frontline teachers, yet a "knowing-doing gap" remains in large-class settings, with 65.85% of respondents prioritizing BMI as the primary stratification criterion. ANOVA confirmed significant differences in physical fitness scores across BMI groups, validating its preliminary screening value. However, it also demonstrated that relying on a single morphological indicator easily obscures the micro-heterogeneity of unbalanced physical performance. The introduction of multidimensional data clustering successfully grouped male students into 2 clusters and female students into 3 clusters, effectively controlling pedagogical stratification tiers and intra-group variance. CONCLUSION: The composite stratification framework-integrating initial BMI screening with multidimensional physical fitness data clustering-serves as an exploratory framework for identifying heterogeneous fitness profiles. Because this study identifies statistical subgroups cross-sectionally without prospective interventions or safety monitoring, it does not constitute a validated educational strategy. Its practical pedagogical effectiveness, longitudinal stability, and safety require rigorous external validation studies. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Fang, Hou and Wen. FAU - Fang, Yi AU - Fang Y AD - Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing, China. FAU - Hou, Juhao AU - Hou J AD - Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing, China. FAU - Wen, Shilin AU - Wen S AD - Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260928 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 SB - IM MH - *Physical Fitness/physiology MH - Humans MH - *Body Mass Index MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Physical Education and Training MH - Female MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - Clustering Algorithms MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Students/statistics & numerical data MH - Cluster Analysis MH - Beijing PMC - PMC13654965 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescent health OT - body mass index (BMI) OT - cluster analysis OT - differentiated instruction OT - physical fitness COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/13 11:41 MHDA- 2026/10/13 11:42 PMCR- 2026/09/28 CRDT- 2026/10/13 06:43 PHST- 2026/08/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/13 11:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/13 11:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/13 06:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1959431 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2026 Sep 28;14:1959431. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1959431. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42865444 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261013 LR - 20261015 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Physical activity, entertainment screen time, and dietary fat profiles and concurrent weight status among school-attending Chinese children and adolescents: CHNS 2004-2011. PG - 1945546 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1945546 [doi] LID - 1945546 AB - BACKGROUND: Physical activity, screen-based leisure, and diet co-occur, but profiles estimated from a small set of indicators may be sensitive to historical period and model assumptions. We identified profiles defined by total physical activity, reported entertainment screen time, and dietary fat contribution to energy intake in the 2004-2011 China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), and examined their concurrent associations with weight status. METHODS: This pooled cross-sectional analysis included 4,112 person-wave observations from school-attending participants aged 6-17 years. A prespecified Gaussian mixture analysis compared one through six profiles. Associations with measured overweight/obesity were estimated in 4,068 observations from 2,757 participants using posterior-probability pseudo-class draws and participant-clustered robust standard errors. Wave-, age-, model-specification-, missing-data-, and alternative-outcome analyses assessed robustness. RESULTS: The prespecified model retained five profiles: very low activity (6.9%), low-to-moderate activity/lower fat (37.8%), no reported entertainment screen time (5.4%), higher fat (27.8%), and highly active (22.2%). The exact BIC-preferred number of profiles varied across survey waves, age groups, and model specifications, and 48.4% of observations had a maximum posterior probability below 0.70. The estimated prevalence of overweight/obesity, accounting for profile-membership uncertainty, was highest in the very-low-activity profile (24.4%) and was 16.4% in the reference profile. This descriptive difference attenuated after adjustment (odds ratio, 1.18; 95% confidence interval, 0.81-1.69), and the fully adjusted global profile test was non-significant (p = 0.806). Multinomial models separating overweight and obesity, continuous BMI and approximate WHO BMI-for-age z-score models, multiple imputation, and inverse-probability weighting produced the same overall conclusion. CONCLUSION: In the 2004-2011 CHNS analytic sample, the measured behaviors formed heterogeneous combinations, but the selected profiles did not independently distinguish concurrent weight status after adjustment. The findings are historical and sample-specific; they should not be interpreted as current national profile distributions or as validation of profile-based interventions. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Qin, Wang, Zhang, Sheng, Jiang, Cheng and Wang. FAU - Qin, Boao AU - Qin B AD - School of Physical Education, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China. FAU - Wang, Changyang AU - Wang C AD - School of Physical Education, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China. FAU - Zhang, Yuchen AU - Zhang Y AD - School of Physical Education, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China. FAU - Sheng, Linwei AU - Sheng L AD - School of Physical Education, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China. FAU - Jiang, Xiaobo AU - Jiang X AD - School of Physical Education, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China. FAU - Cheng, Chen AU - Cheng C AD - School of Physical Education, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China. FAU - Wang, Yukuo AU - Wang Y AD - School of Physical Education, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China. LA - eng GR - R01 HD030880/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 DK104371/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AG065357/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 HL108427/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - D43 TW009077/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260928 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 RN - 0 (Dietary Fats) RN - Chinese people SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - *Screen Time MH - China/epidemiology MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - Nutrition Surveys MH - *Exercise MH - *Dietary Fats/administration & dosage MH - Overweight/epidemiology MH - *Body Weight MH - East Asian People PMC - PMC13654989 OTO - NOTNLM OT - China Health and Nutrition Survey OT - behavioral profiles OT - children and adolescents OT - dietary fat OT - entertainment screen time OT - latent profile analysis OT - physical activity OT - weight status COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/13 11:41 MHDA- 2026/10/13 11:42 PMCR- 2026/09/28 CRDT- 2026/10/13 06:39 PHST- 2026/07/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/13 11:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/13 11:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/13 06:39 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1945546 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2026 Sep 28;14:1945546. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1945546. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42865130 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261022 IS - 1536-4801 (Electronic) IS - 0277-2116 (Linking) DP - 2026 Oct 12 TI - Early lactation breast milk protein and lactose as independent predictors of infant regurgitation: A prospective cohort study. LID - 10.1002/jpn3.70600 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: To examine whether breast milk (BM) macronutrient composition in the first 2 weeks postpartum is associated with subsequent infant regurgitation (IR) risk, independent of maternal dietary intake. METHODS: In this prospective cohort study (Beijing, China), 78 mother-infant dyads were followed for 5 months. BM samples were collected at 1-2 weeks, 1, 2, and 5 months postpartum. IR was diagnosed using Rome IV criteria. Macronutrient composition (protein, fat, lactose) was analyzed using standardized methods. Maternal diet was assessed via a validated food frequency questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression adjusted for maternal (body mass index, gestational age) and infant (birth weight, gender) characteristics. RESULTS: IR incidence peaked at 1 month (61.5%) and declined thereafter. Compared with controls, infants who developed IR at 1-2 months were exposed to lower protein and higher lactose concentrations in BM collected at 1-2 weeks (p < 0.05 for both). Maternal dietary intake was not associated with BM macronutrient composition. In adjusted models, lower early BM protein (odds ratio [OR] 0.090; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.012-0.670) and higher lactose (OR 2.571; 95% CI 1.039-6.363) were associated with increased IR risk at 1 month. CONCLUSIONS: Early BM composition may be associated with subsequent IR risk, independent of maternal diet. Protein and lactose levels in early lactation may serve as potential markers for identifying infants at risk. These findings suggest early lactation as a sensitive period linking maternal physiology to infant gastrointestinal outcomes. CI - (c) 2026 European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition and North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition. FAU - Li, Pei AU - Li P AD - School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. AD - Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. FAU - Wu, Dan AU - Wu D AD - Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. FAU - Jiang, Yilun AU - Jiang Y AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-1232-0171 AD - School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. AD - Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment and Aging, Beijing, China. FAU - Lu, Shuangmei AU - Lu S AD - Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. FAU - Peng, Jing AU - Peng J AD - Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. FAU - Yang, Chun AU - Yang C AD - School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. AD - Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment and Aging, Beijing, China. FAU - Li, Peng-Gao AU - Li PG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9134-5116 AD - School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. AD - Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment and Aging, Beijing, China. LA - eng GR - CNS-Feihe2021-42/Chinese Nutrition Society/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261012 PL - United States TA - J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr JT - Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition JID - 8211545 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - early life nutrition OT - gastrointestinal symptoms OT - infant feeding OT - maternal diet OT - risk factors EDAT- 2026/10/13 05:31 MHDA- 2026/10/13 05:31 CRDT- 2026/10/13 03:03 PHST- 2026/07/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/13 05:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/13 05:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/13 03:03 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/jpn3.70600 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2026 Oct 12. doi: 10.1002/jpn3.70600. PMID- 42864684 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261013 LR - 20261015 IS - 2049-9957 (Electronic) IS - 2095-5162 (Print) IS - 2049-9957 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Oct 12 TI - Pragmatic weight estimation for dosing of a new paediatric treatment for schistosomiasis prevention and control in preschool-aged children: a feasibility study in Uganda and Cote d'Ivoire. LID - 10.1186/s40249-026-01507-9 [doi] LID - 108 AB - BACKGROUND: Schistosomiasis remains a major public health concern in endemic settings. The Pediatric Praziquantel Consortium has developed a new paediatric treatment, arpraziquantel, for preschool-aged children. Because the treatment is dosed according to body weight, dose determination by scales poses operational challenges in community-based mass treatment campaigns. This study assessed the performance of the Pediatric Advanced Weight Prediction in the Emergency Room Extra-Long Mid-Arm Circumference (PAWPER XL-MAC) tape for weight estimation during mass drug administration in Uganda and Cote d'Ivoire. METHODS: A mixed-methods study evaluated feasibility in terms of accuracy, reliability and acceptability of the PAWPER XL-MAC tape across delivery platforms and users between March 2025 and March 2026. Accuracy metrics comprised (1) the mean relative difference and mean absolute relative difference between predicted (tape) and observed (scale) weight and (2) the proportion of estimates within 10% (PW10) and 20% (PW20) of observed weight. Reliability was evaluated by calculating the intraclass-correlation coefficient (ICC). User experiences were collected through observations, questionnaires, focus group discussions and in-depth interviews. RESULTS: In Uganda (n = 3369), mean absolute differences were 11.0-11.1%; PW10 60.2-61.0%. In Cote d'Ivoire (n = 1249), accuracy was higher (6.8-7.7%; PW10 72.4-78.2%). Reliability was high between users and countries (ICCs >/= 0.84). Sufficient time for practical training was essential to achieve solid performance. With continued use, an increase in confidence, efficiency, and accuracy was observed. Qualitative results indicated strong acceptability and practical advantages amongst users. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to demonstrate that the PAWPER XL-MAC tape offers reliable, accurate, and acceptable weight estimation for community-based interventions, supporting its use in routine child healthcare and public health programmes. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT06698510, date of registration: 21.11.2024. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Monnier, Nora AU - Monnier N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5140-8549 AD - Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland. nora.monnier@swisstph.ch. AD - University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. nora.monnier@swisstph.ch. AD - Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Kreuzstrasse 2, CH-4123, Allschwil, Switzerland. nora.monnier@swisstph.ch. FAU - Beinamaryo, Prudence AU - Beinamaryo P AD - Vector Control Division, Ministry of Health Uganda, Kampala, Uganda. FAU - Wells, Mike AU - Wells M AD - Division of Emergency Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. AD - Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, FL, USA. FAU - Akoa, Agathe AU - Akoa A AD - Programme National de Nutrition, Ministere de la Sante, de l'Hygiene et de la Couverture Maladie Universelle, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. FAU - Aritnaitwe, Moses AU - Aritnaitwe M AD - Vector Control Division, Ministry of Health Uganda, Kampala, Uganda. FAU - Barth-Jaeggi, Tanja AU - Barth-Jaeggi T AD - Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland. AD - University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. FAU - Bassa, Fidele K AU - Bassa FK AD - UFR Biosciences, Universite Felix Houphouet-Boigny, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. AD - Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Cote d'Ivoire, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. FAU - Burrill, Jenny AU - Burrill J AD - Unlimit Health, London, UK. FAU - Coulibaly, Gaoussou AU - Coulibaly G AD - UFR Biosciences, Universite Felix Houphouet-Boigny, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. AD - Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Cote d'Ivoire, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. FAU - Diakite, Nana R AU - Diakite NR AD - UFR Biosciences, Universite Felix Houphouet-Boigny, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. AD - Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Cote d'Ivoire, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. FAU - Dje, Norbert N AU - Dje NN AD - Programme National de Lutte Contre les Maladies Tropicales Negligees a Chimiotherapie Preventive, Ministere de la Sante, de l'Hygiene Publique et de la Couverture Maladie Universelle, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. FAU - Gnahore, Alexise D AU - Gnahore AD AD - Departement de Sociologie, Universite Felix Houphouet-Boigny, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. FAU - Hattendorf, Jan AU - Hattendorf J AD - Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland. AD - University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. FAU - Hurlimann, Eveline AU - Hurlimann E AD - Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland. AD - University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. FAU - Kouame, Rene O AU - Kouame RO AD - Programme National de Nutrition, Ministere de la Sante, de l'Hygiene et de la Couverture Maladie Universelle, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. FAU - Kouamin, Alain C AU - Kouamin AC AD - Programme National de Lutte Contre les Maladies Tropicales Negligees a Chimiotherapie Preventive, Ministere de la Sante, de l'Hygiene Publique et de la Couverture Maladie Universelle, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. FAU - Kyarisiima, Hilda AU - Kyarisiima H AD - Vector Control Division, Ministry of Health Uganda, Kampala, Uganda. FAU - Lange, Isabelle L AU - Lange IL AD - Department of Neurology, TUM University Hospital and Center for Global Health, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany. AD - Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology and International Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK. FAU - Lavry, Suzanne Lobohon AU - Lavry SL AD - Departement de Sociologie, Universite Felix Houphouet-Boigny, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. FAU - Nabatte, Betty AU - Nabatte B AD - Vector Control Division, Ministry of Health Uganda, Kampala, Uganda. FAU - Neema, Stella AU - Neema S AD - Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda. FAU - N'Goran, Eliezer K AU - N'Goran EK AD - UFR Biosciences, Universite Felix Houphouet-Boigny, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. AD - Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Cote d'Ivoire, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. FAU - N'Goran, Hahyat R AU - N'Goran HR AD - Programme National de Lutte Contre les Maladies Tropicales Negligees a Chimiotherapie Preventive, Ministere de la Sante, de l'Hygiene Publique et de la Couverture Maladie Universelle, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. FAU - Ohouo, Ulrich AU - Ohouo U AD - Programme National de Nutrition, Ministere de la Sante, de l'Hygiene et de la Couverture Maladie Universelle, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. FAU - Preston, Ashley AU - Preston A AD - UFR Biosciences, Universite Felix Houphouet-Boigny, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. FAU - Roth, Laura F AU - Roth LF AD - Department of Neurology, TUM University Hospital and Center for Global Health, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany. FAU - Sehi Bi, Tra J AU - Sehi Bi TJ AD - Departement de Sociologie, Universite Felix Houphouet-Boigny, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. FAU - Verhoeven, Dianne AU - Verhoeven D AD - Department of Neurology, TUM University Hospital and Center for Global Health, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany. FAU - Winkler, Andrea S AU - Winkler AS AD - Department of Neurology, TUM University Hospital and Center for Global Health, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany. AD - Department of Community Medicine and Global Health, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Toh, Alain AU - Toh A AD - Departement de Sociologie, Universite Felix Houphouet-Boigny, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. FAU - Steinmann, Peter AU - Steinmann P AD - Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland. AD - University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. FAU - Ouattara, Mamadou AU - Ouattara M AD - UFR Biosciences, Universite Felix Houphouet-Boigny, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. AD - Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Cote d'Ivoire, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. CN - Pediatric Praziquantel Consortium LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT06698510 GR - G2020-102/Global Health Innovation Technology Fund/ GR - RIA2019IR-2895./EDCTP/ PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Observational Study DEP - 20261012 PL - England TA - Infect Dis Poverty JT - Infectious diseases of poverty JID - 101606645 RN - 0 (Anthelmintics) RN - 6490C9U457 (Praziquantel) SB - IM MH - Child, Preschool MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Anthelmintics/administration & dosage MH - *Body Weight MH - Cote d'Ivoire/epidemiology MH - Feasibility Studies MH - *Mass Drug Administration MH - *Praziquantel/administration & dosage/therapeutic use MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - *Schistosomiasis/prevention & control/drug therapy MH - Uganda/epidemiology PMC - PMC13660070 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Arpraziquantel OT - Child health OT - Implementation research OT - Neglected tropical diseases OT - Pediatric drug dosing OT - Preschool-aged children OT - Schistosomiasis OT - Weight estimation COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and scientific standards for research involving human participants. The study in Uganda was approved by the Ugandan National Council for Science and Technology (UNCST, Ref: HS5146ES), the Vector Control Division Research Ethics Committee (VCDR-2024-60) and the Ethics Committee Northwest and Central Switzerland (EKNZ, AO_2024-10-00103). Authorization to conduct research in Bugiri and Hoima Districts was given by the local governments in each district. The study in Cote d'Ivoire was approved by the National Ethics Committee of Cote d'Ivoire (Comite National d'Ethique des Sciences de la Vie et de la Sante CNESVS, N/Ref: 00215-25/MSHPCMU/CNESVS-km) and EKNZ (AO_2025-00121). The social science study for pilot implementation in Uganda was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Technical University of Munich (TUM), University Hospital (TUM, 2024-394-S-CB), Germany, the Makerere University School of Social Science Research Ethics Committee (MAKSSREC 07.2024.766) and the UNCST (SS3420ES). The social science study in the large-scale study distribution in Cote d'Ivoire was approved by the Ethics Committee of TUM (2025-623-S-CT) and by the CNESVS (N/Ref: 00188-25/MSHPCMU/CNESVS-km) of Cote d'Ivoire. All participants, or the parents/legal guardians of minors, provided informed consent prior to enrolment. No biological samples were collected. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Patient and public involvement: Patients or the public were not involved in the design, or conduct, or reporting, or dissemination plans of our research. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/10/13 05:31 MHDA- 2026/10/13 05:32 PMCR- 2026/10/12 CRDT- 2026/10/13 00:47 PHST- 2026/06/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/13 05:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/13 05:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/13 00:47 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s40249-026-01507-9 [pii] AID - 1507 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s40249-026-01507-9 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Infect Dis Poverty. 2026 Oct 12;15(1):108. doi: 10.1186/s40249-026-01507-9. PMID- 42864118 OWN - NLM STAT- In-Process LR - 20261016 IS - 2755-9734 (Electronic) IS - 2755-9734 (Linking) VI - 29 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Oct 12 TI - Psychological and anthropometric outcomes in preschool children exposed to antenatal maternal obesity: modelling of early life risk factors. LID - 10.1136/bmjment-2026-302738 [doi] LID - e302738 AB - BACKGROUND: Maternal obesity is associated with increased risk of adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes and obesity in offspring, yet their comorbidity among preschoolers and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. OBJECTIVE: To examine associations between maternal obesity in pregnancy and offspring preschool psychopathology, focusing on clinical and biological pathways. METHODS: In a cohort of 462 women with obesity in pregnancy (body mass index (BMI) >/=30 kg/m(2)) from the UK Pregnancies Better Eating and Activity Trial, followed up with their children at 3-4 years postpartum (49% boys), structural equation models assessed effects of antenatal exposures (measured at three visits) on child risk of psychopathology: maternal inflammation (by interleukin-6), glycaemia (by random glucose or gestational diabetes diagnosis), placental function (by placental growth factor) and depressive symptoms. Child outcomes were derived from the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire scores and psychological phenotypes from latent class analysis (LCA). Child adiposity and eating behaviours were compared across phenotypes. FINDINGS: High-risk of psychopathology was identified in 11.3% of children (boys 14.7%, girls 8%). Higher antenatal maternal depression and lower placental function predicted increased risk of psychopathology, while inflammation and glycaemia were not associated (R(2)=44.5%). LCA identified externalising (8%) and internalising (4.1%) phenotypes. An externalising phenotype was associated with higher BMI, weight-for-age z-scores and waist circumference; both phenotypes showed greater food fussiness than well-adjusted children. CONCLUSIONS: One in 10 children of women with obesity showed early risk of psychopathology, which was linked to adiposity. Antenatal maternal depression emerged as the primary risk factor, with a novel role for placental dysfunction. CLINICAL IMPLICATION: Screening for maternal depression and placental function in pregnancies affected by obesity may help reduce adverse neurodevelopmental and metabolic outcomes in offspring. FAU - Sigurdardottir, Julie AU - Sigurdardottir J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7328-648X AD - Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK julie.nihouarn@kcl.ac.uk. FAU - Dalrymple, Kathryn AU - Dalrymple K AD - Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Health Sciences, King's College London, London, UK. FAU - Rutherford, Mary AU - Rutherford M AD - Research Department of Early Life Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK. FAU - Poston, Lucilla AU - Poston L AD - Department of Women and Children's Health, School of Life Course and Population Health Sciences, King's College London, London, UK. CN - UPBEAT Consortium LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261012 PL - England TA - BMJ Ment Health JT - BMJ mental health JID - 9918521385306676 SB - IM PMC - PMC13662093 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders OT - Child Behavior Disorders OT - Feeding and Eating Disorders of Childhood OT - Psychometrics OT - Psychopathology COIS- Competing interests: None declared. FIR - Poston, Lucilla IR - Poston L FIR - Shennan, Andrew IR - Shennan A FIR - Briley, Annette IR - Briley A FIR - Singh, Claire IR - Singh C FIR - Seed, Paul IR - Seed P FIR - Sandall, Jane IR - Sandall J FIR - Sanders, Thomas IR - Sanders T FIR - Patel, Nashita IR - Patel N FIR - Flynn, Angela IR - Flynn A FIR - Badger, Shirlene IR - Badger S FIR - Barr, Suzanne IR - Barr S FIR - Holmes, Bridget IR - Holmes B FIR - Goff, Louise IR - Goff L FIR - Hunt, Clare IR - Hunt C FIR - Filmer, Judy IR - Filmer J FIR - Fetherstone, Jeni IR - Fetherstone J FIR - Scholtz, Laura IR - Scholtz L FIR - Tarft, Hayley IR - Tarft H FIR - Lucas, Anna IR - Lucas A FIR - Tekletdadik, Tsigerada IR - Tekletdadik T FIR - Ricketts, Deborah IR - Ricketts D FIR - Gill, Carolyn IR - Gill C FIR - Ignatian, Alex Seroge IR - Ignatian AS FIR - Boylen, Catherine IR - Boylen C FIR - Adegoke, Funso IR - Adegoke F FIR - Lawley, Elodie IR - Lawley E FIR - Butler, James IR - Butler J FIR - Maitland, Rahat IR - Maitland R FIR - Vieira, Matias IR - Vieira M FIR - Pasupathy, Dharmintra IR - Pasupathy D FIR - Goff, Louise IR - Goff L FIR - Oteng-Ntim, Eugene IR - Oteng-Ntim E FIR - Khazaezadeh, Nina IR - Khazaezadeh N FIR - Demilew, Jill IR - Demilew J FIR - O'Connor, Sile IR - O'Connor S FIR - Evans, Yvonne IR - Evans Y FIR - O'Donnell, Susan IR - O'Donnell S FIR - Llera, Ari Dela IR - Llera AD FIR - Gutzwiller, Georgina IR - Gutzwiller G FIR - Hagg, Linda IR - Hagg L FIR - Robson, Stephen IR - Robson S FIR - Bell, Ruth IR - Bell R FIR - Hayes, Louise IR - Hayes L FIR - Kinnunen, Tarja IR - Kinnunen T FIR - McParlin, Catherine IR - McParlin C FIR - Miller, Nicola IR - Miller N FIR - Kimber, Alison IR - Kimber A FIR - Riches, Jill IR - Riches J FIR - Allen, Carly IR - Allen C FIR - Boag, Claire IR - Boag C FIR - Campbell, Fiona IR - Campbell F FIR - Fenn, Andrea IR - Fenn A FIR - Ritson, Sarah IR - Ritson S FIR - Rennie, Alison IR - Rennie A FIR - Durkin, Robin IR - Durkin R FIR - Gills, Gayle IR - Gills G FIR - Carr, Roger IR - Carr R FIR - Nelson, Scott IR - Nelson S FIR - Sattar, Naveed IR - Sattar N FIR - McSorley, Therese IR - McSorley T FIR - Alba, Hilary IR - Alba H FIR - Paterson, Kirsteen IR - Paterson K FIR - Johnston, Janet IR - Johnston J FIR - Clements, Suzanne IR - Clements S FIR - Fernon, Maxine IR - Fernon M FIR - Bett, Savannah IR - Bett S FIR - Rooney, Laura IR - Rooney L FIR - Miller, Sinead IR - Miller S FIR - Welsh, Paul IR - Welsh P FIR - Cherry, Lynn IR - Cherry L FIR - Whitworth, Melissa IR - Whitworth M FIR - Patterson, Natalie IR - Patterson N FIR - Lee, Sarah IR - Lee S FIR - Grimshaw, Rachel IR - Grimshaw R FIR - Hughes, Christine IR - Hughes C FIR - Brown, Jay IR - Brown J FIR - Hinshaw, Kim IR - Hinshaw K FIR - Campbell, Gillian IR - Campbell G FIR - Knight, Joanne IR - Knight J FIR - Farrar, Diane IR - Farrar D FIR - Jones, Vicky IR - Jones V FIR - Butterfield, Gillian IR - Butterfield G FIR - Syson, Jennifer IR - Syson J FIR - Eadle, Jennifer IR - Eadle J FIR - Wood, Dawn IR - Wood D FIR - Todd, Merane IR - Todd M FIR - Khalil, Asma IR - Khalil A FIR - Brown, Deborah IR - Brown D FIR - Fernandez, Paola IR - Fernandez P FIR - Cousins, Emma IR - Cousins E FIR - Smith, Melody IR - Smith M FIR - Wardle, Jane IR - Wardle J FIR - Croker, Helen IR - Croker H FIR - Broomfield, Laura IR - Broomfield L FIR - Concern, Weight IR - Concern W FIR - Godfrey, Keith IR - Godfrey K FIR - Robinson, Sian IR - Robinson S FIR - Canadine, Sarah IR - Canadine S FIR - Greenwood, Lynne IR - Greenwood L EDAT- 2026/10/13 00:16 MHDA- 2026/10/13 00:16 PMCR- 2026/10/12 CRDT- 2026/10/12 21:42 PHST- 2026/03/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/13 00:16 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/13 00:16 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/12 21:42 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjment-2026-302738 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjment-2026-302738 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Ment Health. 2026 Oct 12;29(1):e302738. doi: 10.1136/bmjment-2026-302738. PMID- 42863993 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261012 IS - 1349-9092 (Electronic) IS - 0917-5040 (Linking) DP - 2026 Oct 9 TI - Relative Validity of Nutrient and Food Group Intakes Estimated From the Brief-type Self-administered Dietary History Questionnaire for Japanese Preschool Children Aged 3-6 Years (BDHQ3y). LID - 10.2188/jea.JE20250707 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: To evaluate the relative validity of nutrient and food group intakes estimated using the brief-type self-administered Diet History Questionnaire for Japanese preschool children aged 3-6 years (BDHQ3y). METHODS: This study included 500 children (253 boys and 247 girls) aged 3-6 years recruited from 32 prefectures in Japan. Guardians completed the BDHQ3y to report their child's dietary intake over the previous month and then 8-day weighed dietary records (DRs) over a year (2 days per season). From the BDHQ3y and DRs, energy-adjusted intakes of 44 nutrients and 26 food groups were estimated based on the density method. RESULTS: Percentage differences in median intakes were within 10% for 26 nutrients (most energy-providing nutrients and several vitamins and minerals) and three food groups (cereals, fish/shellfish and milk/dairy products). The median Spearman's rank correlation coefficients were 0.31 (interquartile range [IQR], 0.23-0.40) for nutrients and 0.32 (IQR, 0.23-0.41) for food groups. Correlations exceeded 0.40 for 11 nutrients (eg, added sugar, dietary fiber and calcium) and nine food groups (eg, vegetables, fruits and milk/dairy products). Bland-Altman plots showed wide limits of agreement, with overestimation of intakes of protein, fats, carbohydrates, fruits, and milk/dairy products, as well as underestimation of intake of vegetables at higher intake levels. Similar findings were made when boys and girls were analyzed separately. CONCLUSION: The BDHQ3y has the potential to monitor population-level intakes of a range of nutrients. However, its utility for ranking individuals and assessing individual-level intake remains limited, requiring cautious interpretation and application. FAU - Tajima, Ryoko AU - Tajima R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7799-3958 AD - Department of Nutritional Epidemiology and Behavioral Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo. FAU - Okubo, Hitomi AU - Okubo H AD - Department of Nutritional Epidemiology and Behavioral Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo. FAU - Shinozaki, Nana AU - Shinozaki N AD - Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, School of Public Health, the University of Tokyo. FAU - Masayasu, Shizuko AU - Masayasu S AD - Ikurien-naka. FAU - Sasaki, Satoshi AU - Sasaki S AD - Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, School of Public Health, the University of Tokyo. FAU - Murakami, Kentaro AU - Murakami K AD - Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, School of Public Health, the University of Tokyo. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261009 PL - Japan TA - J Epidemiol JT - Journal of epidemiology JID - 9607688 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Japanese OT - diet history questionnaire OT - food and nutrient intake OT - preschool children OT - relative validity EDAT- 2026/10/13 00:16 MHDA- 2026/10/13 00:16 CRDT- 2026/10/12 21:23 PHST- 2026/10/13 00:16 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/13 00:16 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/12 21:23 [entrez] AID - 10.2188/jea.JE20250707 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - J Epidemiol. 2026 Oct 9. doi: 10.2188/jea.JE20250707. PMID- 42861918 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261012 IS - 1941-9260 (Electronic) IS - 0032-5481 (Linking) DP - 2026 Oct 12 TI - Toward consensus on complementary feeding recommendations: findings from a national evidence-informed modified Delphi study in Turkiye. PG - 1-12 LID - 10.1080/00325481.2026.2745217 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Complementary feeding (CF) recommendations are generally based on international guidelines; however, several clinical issues remain controversial, resulting in variability in professional practice. This study aimed to develop evidence-informed expert consensus on complementary feeding recommendations and to explore the reasons underlying persistent disagreement. METHODS: In this national evidence-informed modified Delphi study in Turkiye, 58 pediatricians working in Social Pediatrics participated in the first round and evaluated 53 statements using a five-point Likert scale. Statements not reaching consensus were revised based on participants' comments and reevaluated in a second round. Thirteen unresolved statements underwent a third round involving evidence presentation and structured online discussion with 23 participants; 22 subsequently completed the final re-rating. Audio-recorded discussions and written comments were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis in MAXQDA Analytics Pro 24. RESULTS: Consensus was achieved for most recommendations regarding the timing of CF, developmental readiness, responsive feeding, and several feeding practices. Persistent disagreement remained for recommendations concerning formula-fed infants, infants with poor weight gain, preterm infants, baby-led weaning (BLW), vegan CF, bottle use, and selected allergy-related practices. Qualitative analysis generated five overarching themes: (1) individualization beyond fixed age thresholds; (2) balancing nutritional priorities with developmental safety and feasibility; (3) risk-stratified introduction of allergenic foods; (4) conditional rather than universal acceptance of BLW; and (5) ethical and clinical tensions surrounding vegan CF. Experts generally agreed on the underlying scientific principles but emphasized that recommendations should incorporate developmental readiness, clinical judgment, family circumstances, cultural context, and implementation feasibility rather than relying on rigid or universal recommendations. CONCLUSIONS: Integration of quantitative Delphi findings with qualitative thematic analysis revealed that non-consensus primarily stemmed from the practical nuances of clinical execution and contextual adaptation, rather than a fundamental skepticism toward the underlying scientific data. These findings provide an evidence-informed foundation for developing context-sensitive CF recommendations for clinical practice. FAU - Yalcin, Siddika Songul AU - Yalcin SS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9061-4281 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Division of Social Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkiye. FAU - Ozboru Askan, Oyku AU - Ozboru Askan O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4139-5497 AD - Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Istanbul Atlas University, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Barutcu, Adnan AU - Barutcu A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8930-1122 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Division of Social Pediatrics, Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkiye. FAU - Almis, Habip AU - Almis H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9327-4876 AD - Sincan Training and Research Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Social Pediatrics, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkiye. FAU - Orun, Emel AU - Orun E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7596-5603 AD - Etlik City Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Social Pediatrics, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkiye. FAU - Camurdan, Aysu Duyan AU - Camurdan AD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8384-7423 AD - Department of Social Pediatrics, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261012 PL - England TA - Postgrad Med JT - Postgraduate medicine JID - 0401147 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Complementary feeding OT - Delphi study OT - baby-led weaning OT - consensus OT - food allergy OT - thematic analysis OT - vegan diet EDAT- 2026/10/12 11:41 MHDA- 2026/10/12 11:41 CRDT- 2026/10/12 08:35 PHST- 2026/10/12 11:41 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/12 11:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/12 08:35 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/00325481.2026.2745217 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Postgrad Med. 2026 Oct 12:1-12. doi: 10.1080/00325481.2026.2745217. PMID- 42861858 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261012 LR - 20261023 IS - 1552-4604 (Electronic) IS - 0091-2700 (Print) IS - 0091-2700 (Linking) VI - 66 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Development and Evaluation of a Population Pharmacokinetic Model for High-Dose Methotrexate in Japanese Pediatric Patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. PG - e70310 LID - 10.1002/jcph.70310 [doi] LID - e70310 AB - Methotrexate is a key chemotherapeutic agent for treating pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL); however, its pharmacokinetics exhibit substantial inter-individual variability. Population pharmacokinetic (PPK) models have identified body weight and renal function as major determinants of methotrexate clearance. Nonetheless, the optimal PPK model for Japanese pediatric patients, considering hydration status, has not yet been established. This study aimed to develop a PPK model of high-dose methotrexate specifically for Japanese pediatric patients with ALL. A retrospective PPK analysis was performed in pediatric patients with ALL, who were treated with high-dose methotrexate at the Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital. Data from 38 patients (504 methotrexate concentrations; 27 for model development and 11 for validation) were analyzed using a two-compartment model in NONMEM. Predictive performances of the newly developed and previously published models were assessed using the validation dataset. In the final model, clearance was described as a function of body surface area and hydration volume rate per body surface area (HYDR), whereas intercompartmental clearance was associated with age and HYDR. Evaluation using the validation dataset showed that the developed model had the best predictive performance among the evaluated models (median prediction error, 1.79%; median absolute prediction error, 13.3%; percentage of predictions with an absolute prediction error  .90). Structural equation modeling with bootstrapped mediation analysis was used to examine the direct and indirect associations between the cognitive dimension and children's physical activity. RESULTS: Declarative knowledge showed a small but significant direct association with the number of active days (beta = .10), with a complementary mediation via motor abilities (beta = .12). Procedural knowledge followed an 'indirect-only pattern' on number of sports and exercises performed via the affective dimension (beta = .09). CONCLUSION: Knowledge showed limited direct associations with physical activity but indirect pathways via physical and affective dimensions, highlighting the potential of embedding cognitive content in active learning experiences. Promoting physical literacy in physical activity settings should address all its dimensions and embed knowledge acquisition within physical activity. CI - (c) 2026 The Society of Chinese Scholars on Exercise Physiology and Fitness. Published by Elsevier B.V. FAU - Schuck, Tizian AU - Schuck T AD - Bayreuth Center of Sport Science, Chair of Social and Health Sciences, University of Bayreuth, Universitatsstrasse 30, Bayreuth, 95447, Germany. AD - Department of Sport Science and Sport, Chair of Education in Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nurnberg, Gebbertstrasse 123b, Erlangen, 91058, Germany. FAU - Carl, Johannes AU - Carl J AD - Department of Sport and Human Movement Sciences , University of Vienna, Auf der Schmelz 6a, Wien, 1150, Austria. FAU - Tittlbach, Susanne AU - Tittlbach S AD - Bayreuth Center of Sport Science, Chair of Social and Health Sciences, University of Bayreuth, Universitatsstrasse 30, Bayreuth, 95447, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260923 PL - Singapore TA - J Exerc Sci Fit JT - Journal of exercise science and fitness JID - 101198241 PMC - PMC13651661 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cognitive dimension OT - Daily behavior OT - Health-related knowledge OT - Mediation analysis COIS- The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/10/11 05:07 MHDA- 2026/10/11 05:08 PMCR- 2026/09/23 CRDT- 2026/10/10 14:30 PHST- 2026/06/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/31 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/11 05:08 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/11 05:07 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/10 14:30 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1728-869X(26)00085-7 [pii] AID - 200524 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jesf.2026.200524 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Exerc Sci Fit. 2026 Oct;24(4):200524. doi: 10.1016/j.jesf.2026.200524. Epub 2026 Sep 23. PMID- 42857025 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261010 LR - 20261012 IS - 2296-634X (Print) IS - 2296-634X (Electronic) IS - 2296-634X (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - MAFLD and impaired bone formation in children: association with reduced serum LCAT. PG - 1902360 LID - 10.3389/fcell.2026.1902360 [doi] LID - 1902360 AB - PURPOSE: To evaluate bone metabolism indicators and serum lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) levels in children with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), and to explore their interrelationship. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study enrolled 127 children aged 6-14 years, classified into control (n = 42), obesity without hepatic steatosis (n = 41), and MAFLD (n = 44) groups. All participants underwent clinical evaluation, laboratory testing, and liver ultrasonography. Serum LCAT was quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Bone turnover markers, including procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (PINP), beta-C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (beta-CTX), and 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25-(OH) D], were measured via electrochemiluminescence. Independent risk factors for impaired bone formation were analyzed using multivariable ordinal logistic regression. RESULTS: Serum LCAT concentrations were highest in controls (58.27 +/- 4.43 mg/L), followed by obesity without hepatic steatosis (46.13 +/- 3.37 mg/L), and lowest in the MAFLD group (40.71 +/- 3.44 mg/L) (P < 0.001). The proportion of children with PINP below the 25th percentile was significantly greater in the MAFLD group (88.64%) than in obesity (48.78%) and control groups (35.71%) (P < 0.001). Significant intergroup differences were observed for 25-(OH) D, PINP values, PINP grade, and PINP/beta-CTX ratio; PINP grade distribution differed among groups (P < 0.001), whereas beta-CTX grade did not. Spearman analysis revealed significant correlations of LCAT with HDL-C, AST, ALT, fatty liver status, 25-(OH) D, and PINP grade (all P < 0.001). Multivariable ordinal logistic regression identified MAFLD (OR = 4.74, 95% CI: 1.41-15.99, P = 0.012) and older age (OR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.08-1.75, P = 0.009) as independent factors associated with lower PINP grade, whereas LCAT was not independently associated with PINP grade. CONCLUSION: MAFLD was independently associated with lower PINP status in children. Reduced serum LCAT levels were associated with MAFLD and unfavorable bone formation status but were not independently associated with PINP grade after multivariable adjustment. LCAT may therefore represent an associated biomarker within the liver-bone axis, requiring validation through prospective studies, formal mediation analyses, and mechanistic experiments. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Zhu, Xu, Yang, Sun and Yang. FAU - Zhu, Lingyan AU - Zhu L AD - Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yingfeng Branch, General Hospital of the Medical Consortium of Zhejiang Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Xu, Lin AU - Xu L AD - Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Yang, Lanshu AU - Yang L AD - Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Chongzhou Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. FAU - Sun, Baolan AU - Sun B AD - Department of Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Yang, Weixia AU - Yang W AD - Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260925 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Cell Dev Biol JT - Frontiers in cell and developmental biology JID - 101630250 PMC - PMC13649763 OTO - NOTNLM OT - LCAT OT - MAFLD OT - bone metabolism OT - liver-bone axis OT - obesity OT - pediatrics COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/11 05:07 MHDA- 2026/10/11 05:08 PMCR- 2026/09/25 CRDT- 2026/10/10 13:26 PHST- 2026/06/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/11 05:08 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/11 05:07 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/10 13:26 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 1902360 [pii] AID - 10.3389/fcell.2026.1902360 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Cell Dev Biol. 2026 Sep 25;14:1902360. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2026.1902360. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42856855 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261010 LR - 20261012 IS - 1664-2392 (Print) IS - 1664-2392 (Electronic) IS - 1664-2392 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Rare endocannabinoid system variants identified by whole-exome sequencing and structural modeling in adults with severe obesity predominantly of childhood onset. PG - 1862926 LID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1862926 [doi] LID - 1862926 AB - BACKGROUND: The endocannabinoid system (ECS) regulates key processes in energy homeostasis, but its contribution to severe obesity beginning in childhood or adolescence remains incompletely understood. This study aimed to identify rare variants in ECS genes and evaluate their potential structural effects. METHODS: A total of 93 adults with severe obesity beginning before 21 years of age (BMI >/= 35 kg/m(2)) were recruited from two specialized obesity programs; among participants with onset information, 97.8% reported childhood onset. Whole-exome sequencing was performed, followed by targeted analysis of ECS-related genes. Rare variants (allele frequency <1%) were confirmed by Sanger sequencing and assessed using in silico pathogenicity prediction and molecular modeling. In silico saturation mutagenesis of all 19 possible substitutions at each variant position was additionally performed using three complementary stability predictors based on different methodological principles (FoldX, Pythia and DDMut), together with AlphaMissense. RESULTS: Nine rare variants were identified in twelve individuals, seven of which were defined as variants of uncertain significance (VUS). Among the observed variants, FAAH p.(Arg326Pro) showed the most concordant predicted impact: it ranked as the most destabilizing substitution at position 326 by FoldX (DeltaDeltaG = +3.04 kcal/mol; rank 1 of 19) and was the only observed variant classified as likely pathogenic by AlphaMissense (0.884). Arg326 lies 24.3 A from the catalytic triad (Lys142-Ser217-Ser241), consistent with a predicted effect on fold stability rather than direct disruption of the active site. Conversely, at DAGLA position 750, all 19 substitutions were predicted as neutral by FoldX and DDMut and as likely benign by AlphaMissense, consistent with predicted structural tolerance at this position. No anthropometric or metabolic parameter differed significantly between carriers and non-carriers after correction for multiple testing. CONCLUSIONS: Rare ECS variants, including a previously unreported FAAH p.(Arg326Pro) substitution, were identified in adults with severe obesity, predominantly with childhood onset. These in silico analyses are predictive and provide computational evidence for prioritizing candidate variants, notably FAAH p.(Arg326Pro); they do not, by themselves, establish pathogenicity or a causal relationship with the phenotype, which will require functional validation. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Salum, Souza, Antunes, Assis, Gouvea, Teixeira, Melo, Palhinha, Abreu, Alves, Silva, Zembrzuski, Campos Junior, Maya-Monteiro, Bozza, da Fonseca and Carneiro. FAU - Salum, Kaio Cezar Rodrigues AU - Salum KCR AD - Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. AD - Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Paulo Niemeyer State Institute of the Brain, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. FAU - de Souza, Ritiele Bastos AU - de Souza RB AD - Human Genetics Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. AD - Laboratory for Applied Genomics and Bioinnovations, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. FAU - Antunes, Deborah AU - Antunes D AD - Laboratory for Applied Genomics and Bioinnovations, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. FAU - Assis, Izadora Sthephanie da Silva AU - Assis ISDS AD - Human Genetics Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. AD - Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. FAU - Gouvea, Laura Wendling AU - Gouvea LW AD - Human Genetics Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. FAU - Teixeira, Myrela Ribeiro AU - Teixeira MR AD - Human Genetics Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. AD - Human Genetics Laboratory, Institute of Biology, Federal Fluminense University, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. FAU - de Melo, Marilia Alves Figueira AU - de Melo MAF AD - Cellular Microbiology Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. FAU - Palhinha, Lohanna AU - Palhinha L AD - Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. FAU - Abreu, Gabriella de Medeiros AU - Abreu GM AD - Human Genetics Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. AD - Genetics Laboratory, Grande Rio University/AFYA, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. FAU - Alves, Nathalia da Silva AU - Alves NDS AD - Human Genetics Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. AD - Genetics Laboratory, Grande Rio University/AFYA, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. FAU - Silva, Tamara AU - Silva T AD - Genetics Laboratory, Grande Rio University/AFYA, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. FAU - Zembrzuski, Veronica Marques AU - Zembrzuski VM AD - Human Genetics Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. FAU - Campos Junior, Mario AU - Campos Junior M AD - Human Genetics Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. FAU - Maya-Monteiro, Clarissa Menezes AU - Maya-Monteiro CM AD - Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. FAU - Bozza, Patricia Torres AU - Bozza PT AD - Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. FAU - da Fonseca, Ana Carolina Proenca AU - da Fonseca ACP AD - Human Genetics Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. AD - Genetics Laboratory, Grande Rio University/AFYA, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. FAU - Carneiro, Joao Regis Ivar AU - Carneiro JRI AD - Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260925 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) JT - Frontiers in endocrinology JID - 101555782 RN - 0 (Endocannabinoids) RN - EC 3.5.1.- (Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolases) RN - EC 3.5.- (Amidohydrolases) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Endocannabinoids/genetics/metabolism MH - Female MH - Exome Sequencing MH - *Obesity, Morbid/genetics/metabolism MH - Adult MH - Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolases MH - Male MH - Age of Onset MH - Models, Molecular MH - *Amidohydrolases/genetics/chemistry MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Mutation MH - Genetic Variation PMC - PMC13649445 OTO - NOTNLM OT - FAAH OT - childhood-onset obesity OT - endocannabinoid system OT - molecular modeling OT - rare genetic variants COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision. EDAT- 2026/10/11 05:07 MHDA- 2026/10/11 05:08 PMCR- 2026/09/25 CRDT- 2026/10/10 12:03 PHST- 2026/04/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/11 05:08 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/11 05:07 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/10 12:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1862926 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2026 Sep 25;17:1862926. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2026.1862926. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42855966 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261010 LR - 20261014 IS - 1365-2060 (Electronic) IS - 0785-3890 (Print) IS - 0785-3890 (Linking) VI - 58 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Dec TI - How much of the incremental protocol does a lactate threshold need? Agreement between three-stage and five-stage testing across seven lactate-derived indices in swimmers. PG - 2737006 LID - 10.1080/07853890.2026.2737006 [doi] LID - 2737006 AB - BACKGROUND: Incremental lactate testing is widely used to characterize the lactate-velocity relationship in swimmers, but the highest-intensity stages increase testing burden and may be difficult to execute consistently. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a five-stage protocol can be reduced to three stages without materially changing seven lactate-derived velocity indices, and whether model complexity affects reconstruction. METHODS: Ninety highly trained swimmers completed a 5 x 200 m freestyle incremental test at 80-100% of 200 m personal-best performance. Stage-4 and stage-5 lactate values were reconstructed from the first three stages using participant-specific linear extrapolation and a long short-term memory (LSTM) model. Seven lactate-derived indices were recalculated and compared with full-protocol values using limits of agreement, typical error, ICC(A,1) and equivalence testing. RESULTS: Lactate reconstruction was inaccurate for both models, yet v@Exp-Dmax showed close agreement with the full protocol (bias -0.008 m.s(-1); limits of agreement -0.023 to +0.007 m.s(-1); ICC 0.988) and met the pre-specified equivalence criterion. The other six indices did not meet equivalence. LSTM provided no advantage over linear extrapolation, and reconstructed v@Exp-Dmax preserved the performance-association pattern observed with the full protocol. CONCLUSIONS: A three-stage protocol may support lower-burden longitudinal monitoring of v@Exp-Dmax, but protocol simplification is index-specific and does not establish physiological threshold validity. FAU - Shen, Yupeng AU - Shen Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2960-2510 AD - School of physical education and sports science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Zou, Xinnuo AU - Zou X AD - School of physical education and sports science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Chen, Xiaotong AU - Chen X AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9260-9395 AD - School of physical education and sports science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China. AD - Sports Academy, Guangzhou College of Commerce, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Wu, Xiaobin AU - Wu X AD - School of Physical Education, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261009 PL - England TA - Ann Med JT - Annals of medicine JID - 8906388 RN - 33X04XA5AT (Lactic Acid) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Swimming/physiology MH - *Lactic Acid/blood MH - Male MH - *Exercise Test/methods MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - *Anaerobic Threshold/physiology MH - *Athletic Performance/physiology MH - Reproducibility of Results PMC - PMC13656679 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Exp-Dmax OT - Lactate threshold OT - incremental testing OT - swimming COIS- No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s). EDAT- 2026/10/10 05:32 MHDA- 2026/10/10 05:33 PMCR- 2026/10/09 CRDT- 2026/10/10 02:52 PHST- 2026/10/10 05:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/10 05:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/10 02:52 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2737006 [pii] AID - 10.1080/07853890.2026.2737006 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Ann Med. 2026 Dec;58(1):2737006. doi: 10.1080/07853890.2026.2737006. Epub 2026 Oct 9. PMID- 42855587 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261009 LR - 20261013 IS - 1432-1076 (Electronic) IS - 0340-6199 (Linking) VI - 185 IP - 11 DP - 2026 Oct 9 TI - Obstructive sleep apnoea severity and insulin resistance in children with Prader-Willi Syndrome: the SPISE index as a candidate metabolic marker. LID - 826 [pii] LID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07506-0 [doi] AB - We compared two surrogate markers of insulin sensitivity - the single-point insulin sensitivity estimator (SPISE) and HOMA-IR - and evaluated their associations with OSA severity in children with genetically confirmed PWS and a symptomatic non-syndromic referral group (NSR) with available polysomnography (PSG) and fasting biochemical data. In this single-centre retrospective cross-sectional study, OSA severity was indexed by the obstructive apnoea-hypopnoea index (oAHI), central AHI (cAHI) and oxygen desaturation index (ODI), and caregiver-reported symptoms by the PSQ-SRBD scale. Multivariable models were fitted within the PWS group. Of 458 PSG studies screened, 31 children with PWS and 47 NSR met the inclusion criteria. cAHI was higher in PWS (p < 0.001), and PSQ-SRBD scores were slightly lower, despite a similar oAHI distribution. Within the PWS group, oAHI correlated inversely with SPISE (rho = - 0.378, p = 0.036). In multivariable models adjusted for age, sex, BMI-SDS, and growth hormone therapy, higher oAHI was associated with lower SPISE (B = - 0.154, p = 0.015), whereas the association with ln(HOMA-IR) was borderline (B = 0.081, p = 0.0497). ODI correlated with SPISE (rho = - 0.427, p = 0.017) but not with HOMA-IR (rho = 0.319, p = 0.081). Phase-stratified analyses showed oAHI-SPISE correlations in phases 2 and 3 and an oAHI-HOMA-IR correlation in phase 3. CONCLUSION: In children with PWS, OSA severity was associated with markers of impaired insulin sensitivity. The associations of SPISE with oAHI and ODI support its further investigation as a candidate metabolic correlate of OSA severity. These findings are hypothesis-generating and require validation in larger independent cohorts. WHAT IS KNOWN: * OSA is highly prevalent in PWS. OSA severity is associated with insulin resistance in adults and in non-syndromic children with obesity, but this relationship and the insulin-independent SPISE index have not been evaluated in PWS. WHAT IS NEW: * OSA severity was associated with impaired insulin sensitivity markers in children with PWS. * SPISE, derived from lipids and BMI without fasting insulin, was associated with oAHI and ODI in PWS; it merits further investigation as a candidate metabolic correlate of OSA severity. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Guney, Abdurrahman Zarif AU - Guney AZ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6956-8820 AD - Division of Paediatric Pulmonology, Department of Paediatrics, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Akpinar, Osman Talha AU - Akpinar OT AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-6671-7237 AD - Department of Paediatrics, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Gokden, Meltem AU - Gokden M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8284-0788 AD - Department of Paediatrics, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Yilmaz, Furkan AU - Yilmaz F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6459-9647 AD - Division of Paediatric Pulmonology, Department of Paediatrics, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Korkmaz, Cigdem AU - Korkmaz C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2096-2253 AD - Division of Paediatric Pulmonology, Department of Paediatrics, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Oztosun, Berrak Nevin AU - Oztosun BN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5649-8045 AD - Division of Paediatric Pulmonology, Department of Paediatrics, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Collak, Abdulhamit AU - Collak A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0562-0343 AD - Division of Paediatric Pulmonology, Department of Paediatrics, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Turan, Hande AU - Turan H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0121-3756 AD - Division of Paediatric Endocrinology, Department of Paediatrics, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Bayramoglu, Elvan AU - Bayramoglu E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6732-8823 AD - Division of Paediatric Endocrinology, Department of Paediatrics, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Evliyaoglu, Olcay AU - Evliyaoglu O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4851-8637 AD - Division of Paediatric Endocrinology, Department of Paediatrics, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Kilinc Sakalli, Ayse Ayzit AU - Kilinc Sakalli AA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2879-8910 AD - Division of Paediatric Pulmonology, Department of Paediatrics, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey. kilincayse203@gmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261009 PL - Germany TA - Eur J Pediatr JT - European journal of pediatrics JID - 7603873 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Insulin Resistance MH - *Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications/metabolism MH - *Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/diagnosis/etiology MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Polysomnography MH - Severity of Illness Index MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Adolescent OTO - NOTNLM OT - HOMA-IR OT - Insulin resistance OT - Obstructive sleep apnoea OT - Paediatrics OT - Prader-Willi syndrome OT - SPISE COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. This retrospective study was approved by the Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa Clinical Research Ethics Committee (approval date: 24 December 2025; approval no. E-24687260-604.01-1513367). Consent to participate: This was a retrospective study based on de-identified data extracted from existing medical records collected as part of routine clinical care. Formal informed consent was therefore not sought for the retrospective analysis. Consent to publish: Not applicable. The manuscript contains no individual person's identifying data, images, or videos. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/10/10 05:32 MHDA- 2026/10/10 05:33 CRDT- 2026/10/09 23:37 PHST- 2026/06/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/10/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/10/10 05:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/10 05:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/09 23:37 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07506-0 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07506-0 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Eur J Pediatr. 2026 Oct 9;185(11):826. doi: 10.1007/s00431-026-07506-0. PMID- 42855145 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261009 LR - 20261026 IS - 2561-326X (Electronic) IS - 2561-326X (Linking) VI - 10 DP - 2026 Oct 9 TI - Feasibility, Acceptability, and Appropriateness of an 8-Week Supervised Aerobic Exercise Intervention for Adults With Epilepsy: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. PG - e97392 LID - 10.2196/97392 [doi] LID - e97392 AB - BACKGROUND: Epilepsy affects multiple dimensions of health. Exercise may serve as a nonpharmacological strategy to improve health outcomes among adults with epilepsy; however, translating this potential into effective and scalable interventions remains challenging. Before advancing to efficacy trials, early-stage research is needed to establish whether exercise interventions are feasible, acceptable, and appropriate for this population. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and appropriateness of an 8-week supervised aerobic exercise intervention for adults with epilepsy, guided by the Obesity-Related Behavioral Intervention Trials (ORBIT) model. METHODS: Adults with epilepsy aged 18-65 years were recruited between April 2024 and December 2024 and randomized to either a supervised aerobic exercise intervention (n=4) or a control group (n=2). The exercise group completed an 8-week supervised aerobic exercise program consisting of 50-minute sessions performed 3 days per week. The intervention incorporated behavior change techniques, including goal setting, action planning, habit formation, and commitment contracts to support exercise adherence. Process feasibility outcomes included recruitment, retention, adherence, survey completion, protocol compliance, and safety. Self-reported feasibility, acceptability, and appropriateness were assessed using the Feasibility of Intervention Measure, Acceptability of Intervention Measure, and Intervention Appropriateness Measure. RESULTS: Overall, 34 individuals expressed interest in the study, 25 completed the screening survey, 10 were preliminarily eligible, and 6 were enrolled in the study over 8 months. Recruitment was low, with a recruitment rate of 0.75 participants per month and enrollment achievement of 16.7% of the target sample (target n=36). Retention and adherence were 100%. All exercise participants completed 24/24 sessions, with 100% weekly survey completion. Protocol compliance was high. No seizures occurred during exercise sessions. Mean scores for self-reported feasibility, acceptability, and appropriateness were high (>4 out of 5). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this Phase IIb pilot study suggest that a supervised aerobic exercise intervention for adults with epilepsy is feasible, acceptable, and appropriate to implement among participants who enroll. Recruitment remains the primary challenge to progressing this line of research and may represent a broader field-level barrier. Future trials should focus on improving how adults with epilepsy are reached and engaged in exercise research while preserving intervention strategies that support strong engagement among those who enroll. CI - (c)Sydney Churchill, Jeni Lansing, Angelique Brellenthin, Alison Phillips, Elizabeth Stegemoller, Jacob Meyer. Originally published in JMIR Formative Research (https://formative.jmir.org), 09.10.2026. FAU - Churchill, Sydney AU - Churchill S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0271-0749 AD - Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States. FAU - Lansing, Jeni AU - Lansing J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7665-8747 AD - Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States. FAU - Brellenthin, Angelique AU - Brellenthin A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2038-389X AD - Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States. FAU - Phillips, Alison AU - Phillips A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1126-1559 AD - Department of Psychology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States. FAU - Stegemoller, Elizabeth AU - Stegemoller E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5287-2295 AD - Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States. FAU - Meyer, Jacob AU - Meyer J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3180-5728 AD - Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20261009 PL - Canada TA - JMIR Form Res JT - JMIR formative research JID - 101726394 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Epilepsy/therapy/psychology MH - Female MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - Pilot Projects MH - Feasibility Studies MH - Male MH - *Exercise Therapy/methods/standards MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - Adolescent MH - *Patient Acceptance of Health Care/statistics & numerical data/psychology MH - Aged MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC13695000 OTO - NOTNLM OT - acceptability OT - aerobic exercise OT - epilepsy OT - feasibility OT - intervention COIS- Conflicts of Interest: None declared. EDAT- 2026/10/09 23:31 MHDA- 2026/10/09 23:32 PMCR- 2026/10/09 CRDT- 2026/10/09 19:53 PHST- 2026/04/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/10/09 23:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/09 23:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/09 19:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v10i1e97392 [pii] AID - 10.2196/97392 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JMIR Form Res. 2026 Oct 9;10:e97392. doi: 10.2196/97392. PMID- 42853568 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261009 LR - 20261019 IS - 2574-3805 (Electronic) IS - 2574-3805 (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct 1 TI - A Community-Based Behavioral Intervention and Body Mass Index in School-Aged Children: A Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial. PG - e2638188 LID - 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.38188 [doi] LID - e2638188 AB - IMPORTANCE: Childhood obesity remains a major concern in the US, with increases in body mass index (BMI) observed during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Scalable behavioral interventions are needed to support obesity prevention in community settings. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of a community-based behavioral intervention (H2GO!) on BMI z scores (zBMIs) among school-aged children. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cluster randomized clinical trial was conducted from September 2020 to June 2025 across 11 Boys & Girls Club sites in Massachusetts. Sites were pair-matched and randomized to intervention or usual care condition. Participants included children aged 8 to 13 years and their parents or caregivers. INTERVENTION: Twelve group-based sessions delivered in person over 6 weeks by trained Boys & Girls Club staff using behavioral strategies to reduce sugar-sweetened beverage intake and increase water consumption through health sessions, youth-created narratives, and parent-child activities. Comparison sites received usual programming. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Outcomes were assessed at baseline and at 2, 6, and 12 months using intention-to-treat analyses. The primary outcome was 12-month change from baseline in child zBMI, derived from staff-measured height and weight using standardized protocols. Secondary outcomes included child sugar-sweetened beverage and water intake measured using a validated questionnaire. RESULTS: Among 437 child participants (mean [SD] age, 10.1 [1.2] years; 219 girls [50.1%]), 0.2% were American Indian or Alaska Native, 1.8% were Asian, 15.8% were Black or African American, 42.6% were Hispanic or Latino, and 29.5% were White; 297 (68%) were eligible for free or reduced-price lunch. At baseline, 74 children (16.9%) had overweight, and 161 (36.8%) had obesity. From baseline to 12 months, the mean zBMI did not statistically significantly decrease (-0.11 [95% CI, -0.25 to 0.02]) in the intervention group and did not statistically significantly increase (0.08 [95% CI, -0.04 to 0.20]) in the comparison group; however, the estimated between-group difference in the adjusted mean zBMI change from baseline was statistically significant: -0.19 (95% CI, -0.38 to -0.01; P = .04). Between-group differences in sugar-sweetened beverage and water intake were not significant. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this cluster randomized clinical trial, a community-based behavioral intervention was associated with a statistically significant between-group difference in zBMI change among school-aged children. Findings support the potential of community-based behavioral interventions in obesity prevention. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04265794. FAU - Wang, Monica L AU - Wang ML AD - Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts. AD - Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts. FAU - Alatorre, Selenne AU - Alatorre S AD - Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts. FAU - Schwarz, Aviva G AU - Schwarz AG AD - Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts. AD - Department of Psychiatry, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts. FAU - Weinberg, Janice AU - Weinberg J AD - Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts. FAU - Sprague Martinez, Linda AU - Sprague Martinez L AD - Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Social Work, Hartford. FAU - Aldworth, Jennifer AU - Aldworth J AD - Massachusetts Alliance of Boys & Girls Clubs, Ludlow. FAU - Kadel, Rabindra AU - Kadel R AD - Center for Health Data Science, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts. FAU - Rosal, Milagros C AU - Rosal MC AD - Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts T.H. Chan School of Medicine, Worcester. FAU - Lemon, Stephenie C AU - Lemon SC AD - Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts T.H. Chan School of Medicine, Worcester. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT04265794 PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20261001 PL - United States TA - JAMA Netw Open JT - JAMA network open JID - 101729235 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Behavior Therapy/methods MH - *Body Mass Index MH - Massachusetts/epidemiology MH - *Pediatric Obesity/prevention & control MH - Sugar-Sweetened Beverages PMC - PMC13653277 COIS- Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Dr Weinberg reported receiving personal fees for being a data monitoring biostatistician from Janssen and Sanofi outside the submitted work. Ms Aldworth reported receiving a National Institutes of Health (NIH)-funded subaward from Boston University, paid to her institution, during the conduct of the study. Dr Rosal reported receiving grants from the NIH during the conduct of the study. No other disclosures were reported. EDAT- 2026/10/09 17:34 MHDA- 2026/10/09 17:35 PMCR- 2026/10/09 CRDT- 2026/10/09 11:34 PHST- 2026/10/09 17:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/09 17:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/09 11:34 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2855120 [pii] AID - zoi261028 [pii] AID - 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.38188 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JAMA Netw Open. 2026 Oct 1;9(10):e2638188. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.38188. PMID- 42853195 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261009 IS - 1532-5040 (Electronic) IS - 0959-3985 (Linking) DP - 2026 Oct 9 TI - From information to action; co-designing pain neuroscience education for adolescents with low back pain: Focus group insights. PG - 1-20 LID - 10.1080/09593985.2026.2743833 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Low back pain (LBP) is a common health problem among adolescents. Adolescents with pain report higher stress, more school absenteeism, poorer academic performance, and frequent healthcare use. LBP during adolescence may increase the risk of pain in adulthood, underscoring the importance of supporting young people in developing strategies to understand and manage pain. OBJECTIVE: To develop educational material based on pain neuroscience education (PNE) through co-design with adolescents experiencing LBP. METHODS: Adolescents 15-19 years old were recruited to review an initial prototype developed by the authors. Four focus group discussions involving 15 participants were conducted and analyzed using Krueger's analysis framework. The findings guided the development of a refined prototype, which was then further improved through an additional focus group with six participants to validate interpretations and adjust content. RESULTS: Four themes captured adolescents' needs in relation to pain education. Need for recognition: "This is about me" emphasized relatable, back-specific information. Need for practical tools and support: "What can I do myself?" reflected adolescents' desire for actionable strategies. A format that sparks interest: "Otherwise I will stop reading" highlighted the importance of engaging, concise content adapted to young people. The pathway from information to useful support: "It must be easy to find" underlined the value of structure and simple navigation. Participants confirmed the relevance of the prototype and suggested adjustments, which guided further refinement. Based on these insights, the final Back To Move prototype was developed as a complement to healthcare services. CONCLUSION: Adolescents with LBP value PNE that is back-specific, practical, trustworthy, and presented in a format adapted to their preferences. When evidence-based knowledge is combined with language and design tailored to the target group, educational material becomes more engaging and supportive. These findings highlight the importance of involving young people as active co-designers of health information. FAU - Ahlqwist, Anna AU - Ahlqwist A AD - Department of Health and Rehabilitation/Physiotherapy, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. FAU - Danielsson, Louise AU - Danielsson L AD - Department of Health and Rehabilitation/Physiotherapy, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. FAU - Lundberg, Mari AU - Lundberg M AD - Back in Motion Research Group, Department of Health Promoting Science, Sophiahemmet University, Stockholm, Sweden. AD - Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg Centre for Person-Centred Care (GPCC), Gothenburg, Sweden. AD - Pain in Motion Research Group (PAIN), Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education & Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium. FAU - Varkey, Emma AU - Varkey E AD - Department of Health and Rehabilitation/Physiotherapy, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. AD - Department of Occupational Therapy and Physical Therapy, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Ostra, Gothenburg, Sweden. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261009 PL - England TA - Physiother Theory Pract JT - Physiotherapy theory and practice JID - 9015520 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Low back pain OT - adolescents OT - physical activity OT - physical therapy EDAT- 2026/10/09 11:40 MHDA- 2026/10/09 11:40 CRDT- 2026/10/09 10:34 PHST- 2026/10/09 11:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/09 11:40 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/09 10:34 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/09593985.2026.2743833 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Physiother Theory Pract. 2026 Oct 9:1-20. doi: 10.1080/09593985.2026.2743833. PMID- 42852721 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261009 IS - 1473-0804 (Electronic) IS - 1369-7137 (Linking) DP - 2026 Oct 9 TI - Non-linear association between body roundness index and menopausal symptoms in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. PG - 1-9 LID - 10.1080/13697137.2026.2728616 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine the association between body roundness index (BRI) and menopausal symptoms in Chinese perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. METHOD: The cross-sectional study enrolled 1795 perimenopausal and postmenopausal women aged 40-69 years who attended the Menopause Clinic at Guangdong Women and Children Hospital. Menopausal symptom severity was assessed using the validated Chinese-modified Kupperman Menopause Index (KMI). Multivariable logistic regression and restricted cubic splines were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and identify potential thresholds. RESULTS: Overall, 78.8% of participants reported menopausal symptoms, most of which were mild to moderate. Higher BRI was independently associated with higher odds of menopausal symptoms after adjustment for covariates in a multivariable logistic regression model (OR: 1.20, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05-1.38, p = 0.009). Restricted cubic spline analysis revealed a non-linear relationship between BRI and menopausal symptoms (p-value for non-linearity = 0.014), with a data-derived inflection point at 2.571. Among women with BRI exceeding 2.571, the odds of menopausal symptoms increased progressively with rising BRI (OR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.11-1.62, p = 0.002). Subgroup analyses showed consistent associations across strata (all p-values for interaction > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The BRI may serve as a useful anthropometric marker for identifying midlife women with greater symptom burden, although causal inference requires prospective validation. FAU - Lyu, Xiao AU - Lyu X AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4484-629X AD - Department of Women's Health Care, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Chen, Guozhen AU - Chen G AD - Department of Women's Health Care, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Xia, Jianhong AU - Xia J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8150-2667 AD - Department of Women's Health Care, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261009 PL - England TA - Climacteric JT - Climacteric : the journal of the International Menopause Society JID - 9810959 SB - IM OAB - This study explored whether the body roundness index (BRI), a simple measure of body shape based on waist size and height, is associated with menopausal symptoms. Among women attending a menopause clinic in China, higher BRI was linked to an increased likelihood of reporting menopausal symptoms, especially above a certain BRI threshold. Because the study was cross-sectional, it cannot establish that higher BRI causes symptoms, but the results suggest that central body fat may be important when evaluating women during the menopausal transition. OABL- eng OTO - NOTNLM OT - Body roundness index OT - body fat distribution OT - cross-sectional study OT - menopausal symptoms OT - obesity OT - visceral adiposity EDAT- 2026/10/09 11:40 MHDA- 2026/10/09 11:40 CRDT- 2026/10/09 07:55 PHST- 2026/10/09 11:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/09 11:40 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/09 07:55 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/13697137.2026.2728616 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Climacteric. 2026 Oct 9:1-9. doi: 10.1080/13697137.2026.2728616. PMID- 42851640 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261009 LR - 20261010 IS - 2296-2360 (Print) IS - 2296-2360 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2360 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Comparison of nutritional screening tools in pediatric patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. PG - 1954669 LID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1954669 [doi] LID - 1954669 AB - BACKGROUND: Malnutrition is prevalent in children with hematologic malignancies undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and is associated with elevated post-transplant infection risk. No standardized nutritional screening tool exists for this population. This study aimed to compare the performance of four tools (STRONGkids, PYMS, STAMP, and SCAN) in assessing malnutrition risk, and to explore the association between their risk classification and post-transplant infection. METHODS: A total of 199 children with hematologic malignancies who underwent HSCT were enrolled. According to the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria, pre-transplant malnutrition was defined using a CT-derived skeletal muscle index (SMI) Z-score < -2 as the phenotypic criterion for reduced skeletal muscle mass, combined with the underlying hematologic malignancy as the etiologic criterion. This study compared the agreement between the risk classifications assessed by the four tools (STRONGkids, PYMS, STAMP, and SCAN) and GLIM-defined malnutrition diagnosis, as well as the correlation between these risk classifications and post-transplant infection. RESULTS: Among the 199 children, 53 (26.6%) were diagnosed with malnutrition. The detection rates of high nutritional risk differed significantly among the four screening tools (PYMS 85.43%, SCAN 73.87%, STAMP 58.79%, STRONGkids 48.24%). In terms of screening performance, STRONGkids had an AUC of 0.801, a specificity of 67.8%, and the best agreement with the GLIM criteria (kappa = 0.479); PYMS had the highest sensitivity (98.1%) but a specificity of only 19.2%. The 100-day post-transplant infection rate was 48.7%, and the high nutritional risk groups identified by all four tools had significantly higher infection rates (all P < 0.001). Among them, STRONGkids had an AUC of 0.743 and a Youden index of 0.487; the AUCs of SCAN, STAMP, and PYMS were 0.735, 0.681, and 0.642, respectively. CONCLUSION: STRONGkids showed potential application advantages in identifying malnutrition risk and discriminating post-transplant infection in HSCT children. CI - (c) 2026 Han, Zhuang, Zhang, Xiong, Li, Zhou, Li and Wu. FAU - Han, Lixian AU - Han L AD - Department of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China. FAU - Zhuang, Yun AU - Zhuang Y AD - Department of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China. FAU - Zhang, CaiQin AU - Zhang C AD - Department of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China. FAU - Xiong, Ying AU - Xiong Y AD - Department of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China. FAU - Li, Juan AU - Li J AD - Department of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China. FAU - Zhou, Wenmin AU - Zhou W AD - Department of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China. FAU - Li, Ping AU - Li P AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China. FAU - Wu, Huifang AU - Wu H AD - Department of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260924 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Pediatr JT - Frontiers in pediatrics JID - 101615492 PMC - PMC13646068 OTO - NOTNLM OT - infection OT - malnutrition OT - nutritional risk screening OT - pediatric allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation OT - skeletal muscle mass index COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/09 11:40 MHDA- 2026/10/09 11:41 PMCR- 2026/09/24 CRDT- 2026/10/09 05:32 PHST- 2026/07/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/09 11:41 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/09 11:40 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/09 05:32 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1954669 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Pediatr. 2026 Sep 24;14:1954669. doi: 10.3389/fped.2026.1954669. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42851230 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261009 LR - 20261011 IS - 0971-5916 (Print) IS - 0971-5916 (Linking) VI - 164 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Prevalence, risk-factors and early prediction of impaired kidney function among indigenous adults in Odisha, India: A secondary analysis. PG - 621-629 LID - 10.25259/IJMR_491_2026 [pii] AB - Background and objectives Native and indigenous communities have a high burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The burden of this condition amongst the indigenous populations of India is poorly documented. We estimated the prevalence and determinants of impaired kidney function among indigenous adults in Odisha, using large scale sample survey data, employing machine learning models. Methods We analysed data from 19,703 adults across 53 indigenous communities enrolled in the Odisha Tribal Family Health Survey (OTFHS, 2022-23). Data were collected with serum creatinine, from which estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was derived using chronic kidney disease epidemiology collaboration equation (CKD-EPI). Impaired kidney function (IKF) was defined as eGFR <90 mL/min/1.73m2 and classified into mild, moderate, severe, and failure categories. Deep neural network (DNN) and eXtreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) models were developed for early prediction for IKF. Results Overall, 24.8% [95% confidence interval (CI): 23.8-25.9] of participants had IKF: 16.6% mild, 6.4% moderate, 1.5% severe, and 0.3% kidney failure. The prevalence increased with age (5.6% in 18-30 y vs. 79.4% in >70 y) and was higher among men, those with lower education, tobacco or alcohol use, and individuals with hypertension, diabetes, or underweight. The DNN model showed good predictive performance (accuracy 0.78; recall 0.69), with improved recall (0.78) at a threshold of 0.4. Decision curve analysis suggested a potential benefit of machine learning (ML) based targeted screening. Shapley Additive explanations (SHAP) analysis identified age, hypertension, diabetes, tobacco use, alcohol use, and low dietary diversity as key predictors. Interpretations and conclusions Nearly one in four adults from indigenous communities in Odisha had IKF, highlighting a substantial and inequitable kidney disease burden. Machine learning models using routine data offer a feasible strategy for early detection and targeted interventions in resource-limited indigenous settings. FAU - Kshatri, Jaya Singh AU - Kshatri JS AD - ICMR-National Institute of Health Research, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. AD - Model Rural Health Research Unit, Sheragada, Ganjam, Odisha, India. AD - Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands. FAU - Deo, Vishal AU - Deo V AD - ICMR-National Institute for Research in Digital Health, New Delhi, India. FAU - A K, Kavitha AU - A K K AD - ICMR-National Institute of Health Research, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. AD - Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands. FAU - Rehman, Tanveer AU - Rehman T AD - ICMR-National Institute of Health Research, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. FAU - Jha, Vivekananda AU - Jha V AD - The George Institute for Global Health, New Delhi, India. FAU - Pati, Sanghamitra AU - Pati S AD - ICMR-National Institute of Health Research, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. AD - Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Indian J Med Res JT - The Indian journal of medical research JID - 0374701 RN - AYI8EX34EU (Creatinine) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - India/epidemiology MH - Male MH - Adult MH - Risk Factors MH - Glomerular Filtration Rate/physiology MH - Prevalence MH - *Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/epidemiology/physiopathology/diagnosis MH - Middle Aged MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - Predictive Learning Models MH - Creatinine/blood MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC13650849 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Chronic kidney disease OT - Impaired kidney function OT - Indigenous health OT - Machine learning OT - OTFHS COIS- None. EDAT- 2026/10/09 05:30 MHDA- 2026/10/09 05:31 PMCR- 2026/10/01 CRDT- 2026/10/09 04:21 PHST- 2026/02/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/09 05:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/09 05:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/09 04:21 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.25259/IJMR_491_2026 [pii] AID - 10.25259/IJMR_491_2026 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Indian J Med Res. 2026 Aug;164(4):621-629. doi: 10.25259/IJMR_491_2026. PMID- 42849054 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261008 LR - 20261011 IS - 2561-326X (Electronic) IS - 2561-326X (Linking) VI - 10 DP - 2026 Oct 8 TI - Clustering-Based Accelerometer Measures of Physical Activity Patterns in Children With Overweight or Obesity: Baseline Cross-Sectional Methodological Analysis. PG - e87532 LID - 10.2196/87532 [doi] LID - e87532 AB - BACKGROUND: Accelerometers produce high-resolution physical activity data, but commonly used summary measures often reduce these data to total volume, intensity, or variability and may not retain interpretable temporal structure across the day. Cluster-based summaries may provide a way to characterize daily physical activity profiles while preserving information about when activity occurs. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated whether cluster-derived accelerometer summary measures could represent daily physical activity patterns and explain variation in pediatric cardiometabolic outcomes comparably to traditional accelerometer summary metrics. METHODS: This baseline cross-sectional methodological analysis used data from 268 Latino children with overweight or obesity from low-income families participating in the Stanford GOALS trial. Participants were aged 7 to 11 years old and wore accelerometers for a minimum of 1 week according to study protocol. Valid daily activity profiles were summarized within a 7:00 AM-11:00 PM analytic window using consecutive, nonoverlapping 10-minute intervals. Daily profiles were clustered using unsupervised learning, and participant-level cluster-derived measures were created from the distribution of valid days assigned to each cluster. We compared these measures with traditional accelerometer summaries, including time spent in activity intensity states, Time Active Mean, Time Active Variability, Activity Intensity Mean, and Activity Intensity Variability. Linear regression models were used to evaluate associations with waist circumference, fasting insulin, and fasting triglycerides, adjusting for age and sex. Model performance was compared using R(2) and the Akaike information criterion. RESULTS: Cluster-derived measures explained a comparable proportion of variation in the 3 cardiometabolic outcomes to traditional accelerometer summary metrics. For example, the highest R(2) values among the cluster-derived measures were 25%, 11%, and 6% for waist circumference, fasting insulin, and fasting triglycerides, respectively, compared with 25%, 10%, and 6% for Time Active Mean. No single summary-measure approach consistently yielded the highest R(2) across all 3 outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Cluster-derived accelerometer measures provide a regression-ready approach for summarizing daily physical activity patterns while preserving interpretable clock-time structure. In this baseline analysis, these measures performed comparably to traditional accelerometer summaries while capturing temporal features not represented by conventional volume- or intensity-based metrics. Future work should evaluate external validation across diverse populations and settings and assess the use of these measures in longitudinal and intervention analyses. CI - (c) Hyatt Moore IV, Thomas N Robinson, Alexandria Jensen, Fatma Gunturkun, K Farish Haydel, Kristopher I Kapphahn, Manisha Desai. Originally published in JMIR Formative Research (https://formative.jmir.org). FAU - Moore Iv, Hyatt AU - Moore Iv H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7866-2280 AD - Naval Postgraduate School, 1 University Circle, Monterey, CA, 93943, United States. AD - Quantitative Science Unit, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States. FAU - Robinson, Thomas N AU - Robinson TN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2367-0774 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Stanford Solutions Science Lab and Division of General Pediatrics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States. AD - Department of Medicine, Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States. FAU - Jensen, Alexandria AU - Jensen A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6337-9079 AD - Quantitative Science Unit, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States. FAU - Gunturkun, Fatma AU - Gunturkun F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0948-0413 AD - Quantitative Science Unit, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States. FAU - Haydel, K Farish AU - Haydel KF AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-8272-2059 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Stanford Solutions Science Lab and Division of General Pediatrics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States. FAU - Kapphahn, Kristopher I AU - Kapphahn KI AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5017-8697 AD - Quantitative Science Unit, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States. FAU - Desai, Manisha AU - Desai M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6949-2651 AD - Quantitative Science Unit, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States. LA - eng GR - U01 HL103629/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - P30 DK116074/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 LM013355/LM/NLM NIH HHS/United States GR - P30 CA124435/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - UL1 TR003142/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261008 PL - Canada TA - JMIR Form Res JT - JMIR formative research JID - 101726394 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - *Accelerometry/methods/statistics & numerical data/instrumentation MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Exercise/physiology MH - Cluster Analysis MH - Clustering Algorithms MH - *Overweight MH - *Pediatric Obesity PMC - PMC13649174 OTO - NOTNLM OT - accelerometry OT - cluster analysis OT - obesity OT - pediatric health OT - physical activity OT - unsupervised machine learning OT - waist circumference OT - wearable sensors COIS- Conflicts of Interest: None declared. EDAT- 2026/10/08 23:31 MHDA- 2026/10/08 23:32 PMCR- 2026/10/08 CRDT- 2026/10/08 17:22 PHST- 2025/11/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/08 23:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/08 23:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/08 17:22 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v10i1e87532 [pii] AID - 87532 [pii] AID - 10.2196/87532 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JMIR Form Res. 2026 Oct 8;10:e87532. doi: 10.2196/87532. PMID- 42848828 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261008 LR - 20261010 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 10 DP - 2026 TI - Broader factors associated with current adolescent overweight/obesity status in YRBSS 2023: Survey-aware analysis and calibrated AI-assisted classification. PG - e0360155 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0360155 [doi] LID - e0360155 AB - Adolescent overweight and obesity are shaped by demographic, behavioral and psychosocial factors, but it remains unclear whether broader predictor information improves cross-sectional classification of current overweight/obesity status more consistently than changing the machine-learning algorithm. This cross-sectional secondary analysis used 2023 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System data from 17,814 United States adolescents aged 12-18 years. Survey-aware multivariable logistic regression was used to identify independent correlates, while Random Forest and XGBoost were evaluated under base and extended predictor frameworks. Models were assessed on a held-out test set for discrimination, threshold-dependent performance, calibration and interpretability. The prevalence of overweight/obesity was 31.8%. Male sex and Black or African American and Hispanic/Latino race/ethnicity were associated with higher odds of overweight/obesity, whereas higher moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and more frequent breakfast intake were associated with lower odds. Extended models outperformed their corresponding base models: ROC-AUC increased from 0.6241 to 0.6894 for Random Forest and from 0.6217 to 0.6724 for XGBoost. RF-Extended was selected for calibration and interpretation. Isotonic recalibration preserved discrimination while improving probability reliability, reducing the Brier score from 0.2126 to 0.1960 and expected calibration error from 0.1160 to 0.0213. Exploratory SHAP analysis identified sex, race/ethnicity, physical activity, sleep duration, age and breakfast frequency among the features contributing most strongly to RF-Extended output. Because predictors and BMI status were measured during the same survey cycle, the models classify current status and should not be interpreted as predicting future obesity. Any screening or prevention application, including potential use in Vietnamese adolescent populations, would require prospective and external validation. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Thanh et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Thanh, Thu Hoang AU - Thanh TH AD - University of Economics, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. FAU - Thi, Nhan Nguyen AU - Thi NN AD - Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Medical Technology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. FAU - Nguyen Khac, Toan AU - Nguyen Khac T AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-7855-2044 AD - Institute of Intelligent and Interactive Technologies, University of Economics, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261008 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Boosting Machine Learning Algorithms MH - Random Forest MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - United States/epidemiology MH - *Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology MH - Child MH - Classification Algorithms MH - Machine Learning MH - *Overweight/epidemiology MH - Logistic Models PMC - PMC13649136 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/10/08 17:35 MHDA- 2026/10/08 17:36 PMCR- 2026/10/08 CRDT- 2026/10/08 16:36 PHST- 2026/05/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/08 17:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/08 17:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/08 16:36 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-26-21418 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0360155 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 Oct 8;21(10):e0360155. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0360155. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42847480 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261008 LR - 20261010 IS - 1471-2865 (Electronic) IS - 1358-2267 (Print) IS - 1358-2267 (Linking) VI - 31 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Greek Translation and Preliminary Test-Retest Reliability of the AQUA CHILD Questionnaire in Children With Developmental Disabilities. PG - e70357 LID - 10.1002/pri.70357 [doi] LID - e70357 AB - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: AQUA CHILD is a parent-proxy questionnaire for pre-aquatic assessment. This study describes its Greek translation and examines preliminary test-retest agreement, with explicit verification of response coding and the limits of score interpretation. METHODS: In a methodological repeated-measures study, 47 parents completed the questionnaire 7 days apart. The retained electronic paired files contained 99 of the 102 numbered items on the supplied forms. Swimming responses were analysed categorically; 20 non-swimming domain summaries were analysed as exploratory raw-code sums, excluding non-applicable responses and using complete domain pairs (n = 43-47). Intraclass correlation coefficients for absolute agreement, ICC(A, 1), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), systematic differences, measurement-error estimates, and participant-level Bland-Altman analyses were calculated. No overall score was retained. RESULTS: Swimming-item exact agreement was 91.5%-97.9% (unweighted kappa, 0.899-0.974). Non-swimming ICCs ranged from 0.878 to 0.968, with lower 95% CI limits of 0.786-0.942. Only undertaking a single task retained a mean retest increase after Holm adjustment: 0.22 raw-code points (95% CI, 0.09-0.34; adjusted p = 0.019). Baseline domain alpha coefficients ranged from -0.375 to 0.329. At T2, 41 non-swimming responses from 24 of 47 participants were 'not relevant', all 'not capable' at T1; none were 'not relevant' at T1. Two domain analyses used incomplete item sets. Normal-theory limits of agreement were sensitive to the discrete, zero-heavy differences. DISCUSSION: These estimates describe the retained electronic records. The original paper questionnaires are no longer available, so the accuracy and origin of the 41 transitions could not be independently verified; this unresolved data-quality issue may bias reliability estimates. Unconfirmed clinical stability, incomplete adaptation records, and missing items further limit inference. The findings do not establish validated domain scales, diagnosis-specific reliability, or an overall score. Prospective validation with independent source-data verification remains necessary before individual treatment decisions. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Physiotherapy Research International published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Triantafyllidou, Stavroula AU - Triantafyllidou S AD - Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Lamia, Greece. FAU - Tsangala, Michaela Christina AU - Tsangala MC AD - Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Lamia, Greece. FAU - Tsounia, Eleni Argyroula AU - Tsounia EA AD - Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Lamia, Greece. FAU - Moscholouri, Chrysoula AU - Moscholouri C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9706-3328 AD - Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Lamia, Greece. FAU - Besios, Thomas AU - Besios T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0373-8188 AD - Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Lamia, Greece. FAU - Paras, George AU - Paras G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4106-0803 AD - Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Lamia, Greece. FAU - Morales, Alfonso Trinidad AU - Morales AT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3767-3642 AD - Department of Education and Educational Innovation, Faculty of Law, Education and Humanities, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odon, Madrid, Spain. AD - Aqualab Research Group, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odon, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Chandolias, Konstantinos AU - Chandolias K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6050-4559 AD - Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Lamia, Greece. AD - Department of Physiotherapy, Health Assessment and Quality of Life Research Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Lamia, Greece. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Physiother Res Int JT - Physiotherapy research international : the journal for researchers and clinicians in physical therapy JID - 9612022 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Developmental Disabilities/diagnosis/rehabilitation MH - Child MH - Greece MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Swimming/physiology MH - *Disability Evaluation MH - Translations PMC - PMC13648008 OTO - NOTNLM OT - child OT - cross-cultural adaptation OT - disability OT - psychometrics OT - questionnaires COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/08 17:35 MHDA- 2026/10/08 17:36 PMCR- 2026/10/08 CRDT- 2026/10/08 15:17 PHST- 2026/09/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/08 17:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/08 17:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/08 15:17 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PRI70357 [pii] AID - 10.1002/pri.70357 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Physiother Res Int. 2026 Oct;31(4):e70357. doi: 10.1002/pri.70357. PMID- 42846299 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261008 LR - 20261010 IS - 2296-2360 (Print) IS - 2296-2360 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2360 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - An interpretable machine-learning model identifies obesity-related metabolic complications in children attending a tertiary obesity clinic. PG - 1969179 LID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1969179 [doi] LID - 1969179 AB - Childhood obesity-related metabolic complications are common in Northwest China, yet region-specific evidence and risk-stratification tools are lacking. In a single-visit cross-sectional study of 131 children (3-18 years) with overweight or obesity attending a Gansu maternal and child-care hospital, obesity-related metabolic complications (ORMC) were present in 31.3% (dyslipidaemia 16.0%, hyperuricaemia 9.2%, elevated blood pressure 7.6%). An interpretable model combining LASSO-selected adiposity measures (body mass index, neck circumference, body fat percentage) with penalised logistic regression achieved moderate, internally cross-validated discrimination (AUC 0.72, 95% CI 0.62-0.82) that awaits external validation, comparable to a random forest (0.73). Screen time was the strongest modifiable behavioural correlate. Routine metabolic screening and simple body-composition measures should be embedded in paediatric obesity clinics, with screen-time reduction as a counselling priority. CI - (c) 2026 Li, Nan, Wei, Zhu, Li, Zhang, Wang, Da, Chai, Wang and Xie. FAU - Li, Tingting AU - Li T AD - Department of Child Health Care, Gansu Province Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China. FAU - Nan, Nan AU - Nan N AD - Department of Child Health Care, Gansu Province Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China. FAU - Wei, Wenjie AU - Wei W AD - Department of Child Health Care, Gansu Province Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China. FAU - Zhu, Ying AU - Zhu Y AD - Department of Child Health Care, Gansu Province Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China. FAU - Li, Jiayue AU - Li J AD - Department of Child Health Care, Gansu Province Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China. FAU - Zhang, Lingzhi AU - Zhang L AD - Department of Child Health Care, Gansu Province Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China. FAU - Wang, Bingwu AU - Wang B AD - Department of Child Health Care, Gansu Province Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China. FAU - Da, Zhenqiang AU - Da Z AD - Department of Child Health Care, Gansu Province Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China. FAU - Chai, Jiaxin AU - Chai J AD - School of Cyberspace Security, Gansu University of Political Science and Law, Lanzhou, Gansu, China. FAU - Wang, Cheng AU - Wang C AD - Department of Child Health Care, Gansu Province Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China. FAU - Xie, Xingwen AU - Xie X AD - Gansu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260923 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Pediatr JT - Frontiers in pediatrics JID - 101615492 PMC - PMC13642582 OTO - NOTNLM OT - LASSO OT - body composition OT - childhood obesity OT - machine learning OT - metabolic complications OT - risk prediction COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/08 17:35 MHDA- 2026/10/08 17:36 PMCR- 2026/09/23 CRDT- 2026/10/08 11:46 PHST- 2026/08/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/08 17:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/08 17:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/08 11:46 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1969179 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Pediatr. 2026 Sep 23;14:1969179. doi: 10.3389/fped.2026.1969179. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42845756 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261008 LR - 20261009 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Digital health literacy moderates the school sports environment and physical activity pathway among Chinese adolescents: a health equity perspective. PG - 1967478 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1967478 [doi] LID - 1967478 AB - BACKGROUND: Physical inactivity among Chinese adolescents remains a pressing public health concern, with pronounced urban-rural disparities. School sports environments serve as a critical determinant of adolescent physical activity (PA), yet the conditions under which this relationship strengthens or weakens remain insufficiently understood. Digital health literacy (DHL) has emerged as a potential moderator that may amplify or buffer environmental influences on PA behavior. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 2,531 adolescents (M(age) = 15.2 +/- 1.8 years; 51.3% male) recruited through stratified cluster sampling from 18 secondary schools in Hubei Province, China (9 urban, 9 rural). Participants completed validated Chinese versions of the Questionnaire Assessing School Physical Activity Environment (Q-SPACE-Chi), the eHealth Literacy Scale (eHEALS), and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF). Structural equation modeling with a latent interaction term tested the moderating role of DHL, and multigroup analysis examined urban-rural differences. Reporting followed the STROBE guideline. RESULTS: School sports environment was positively associated with PA levels (beta = 0.34, p < 0.001). DHL significantly moderated this pathway (interaction beta = 0.12, p = 0.003), such that the environment-PA association was stronger among adolescents with higher DHL. Multigroup analysis revealed a significantly stronger environmental effect in urban (beta = 0.38) than in rural schools (beta = 0.29; z = 2.87, p = 0.004); the DHL moderation was significant in urban (beta = 0.14, p = 0.008) but not rural schools (beta = 0.07, p = 0.14), and the between-group difference in the moderation effect was not significant (z = 0.99, p = 0.32). The model demonstrated acceptable fit (chi (2)/df = 3.12, CFI = 0.94, TLI = 0.93, RMSEA = 0.045, SRMR = 0.041). CONCLUSION: DHL amplifies the translation of favorable school sports environments into actual PA engagement, and the environment-PA association was stronger in urban schools. These findings suggest a potential pathway through which digital inequities may contribute to PA disparities, a possibility that requires longitudinal confirmation, and underscore the need for integrated school-based and digital literacy interventions to advance health equity. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Zhang. FAU - Zhang, Bing AU - Zhang B AD - School of Physical Education, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, Hubei, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260923 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Male MH - China MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Health Literacy/statistics & numerical data MH - Female MH - *Schools MH - *Exercise MH - *Sports MH - Digital Health MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Health Equity MH - Rural Population/statistics & numerical data MH - Urban Population/statistics & numerical data PMC - PMC13642271 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - digital health literacy OT - health equity OT - physical activity OT - school sports environment OT - social ecological model OT - urban-rural disparity COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/08 11:39 MHDA- 2026/10/08 11:40 PMCR- 2026/09/23 CRDT- 2026/10/08 08:26 PHST- 2026/08/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/08 11:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/08 11:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/08 08:26 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1967478 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2026 Sep 23;14:1967478. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1967478. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42845011 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261008 IS - 1532-530X (Electronic) IS - 1064-0266 (Linking) DP - 2026 Oct 8 TI - Development and early implementation of a brief 2-day multidisciplinary parent training group for paediatric ARFID: A feasibility and acceptability study. PG - 1-22 LID - 10.1080/10640266.2026.2741121 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Many children with avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) cannot access appropriate care, as existing individual and family treatments are scarce, long and costly. We developed a brief 2-day (12-h) multidisciplinary parent training group and assessed its feasibility and acceptability in routine care. METHOD: Single-arm implementation study in one tertiary centre. Parents of 18 children (5-14 years) with DSM-5 ARFID (17/18 sensory-based; non-French-speaking families excluded) attended two days three weeks apart. Guided by the RE-AIM framework, we assessed reach, feasibility (a priori benchmark >/=75% completion) and acceptability (HAQ-11S; CSQ-8; parents' written feedback). Clinician-rated severity (CGI-S) was an exploratory, uncontrolled signal. RESULTS: Of 26 eligible families, 18 (69%) enrolled and 16 (89%) completed both days, exceeding the benchmark; attendance was almost exclusively maternal (83%). HAQ-11S and CSQ-8 scores were high and increased post-program (p < .001), and all respondents rated the satisfaction questionnaire positively. Parents' immediate self-reports most often cited better understanding of the disorder, increased competence and reduced isolation. CGI-S was numerically lower afterwards but this uncontrolled change cannot be attributed to the intervention. CONCLUSION: This brief multidisciplinary parent group for paediatric ARFID is feasible and highly acceptable in this specialist setting, resource use and clinical benefit require controlled evaluation. FAU - Carletti, Leila AU - Carletti L AD - Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Rare Disease Reference Center for Early-Onset Anorexia Nervosa, Robert Debre University Hospital, APHP, Paris, France. FAU - Porte, Chloe AU - Porte C AD - Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Rare Disease Reference Center for Early-Onset Anorexia Nervosa, Robert Debre University Hospital, APHP, Paris, France. FAU - Helbert, Sarah AU - Helbert S AD - Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Rare Disease Reference Center for Early-Onset Anorexia Nervosa, Robert Debre University Hospital, APHP, Paris, France. FAU - Hooreman, Marie AU - Hooreman M AD - Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Rare Disease Reference Center for Early-Onset Anorexia Nervosa, Robert Debre University Hospital, APHP, Paris, France. FAU - Charpentier, Firiel AU - Charpentier F AD - Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Rare Disease Reference Center for Early-Onset Anorexia Nervosa, Robert Debre University Hospital, APHP, Paris, France. AD - Department of Medicine, Paris Cite University, Paris, France. FAU - Delorme, Richard AU - Delorme R AD - Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Rare Disease Reference Center for Early-Onset Anorexia Nervosa, Robert Debre University Hospital, APHP, Paris, France. AD - Department of Medicine, Paris Cite University, Paris, France. FAU - Stordeur, Coline AU - Stordeur C AD - Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Rare Disease Reference Center for Early-Onset Anorexia Nervosa, Robert Debre University Hospital, APHP, Paris, France. FAU - Villemonteix, Thomas AU - Villemonteix T AD - Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Rare Disease Reference Center for Early-Onset Anorexia Nervosa, Robert Debre University Hospital, APHP, Paris, France. AD - Department of Psychology, DysCo Lab, Paris 8 University, Paris, France. AD - Department of Psychology, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France. FAU - Ayrolles, Anael AU - Ayrolles A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3202-0781 AD - Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Rare Disease Reference Center for Early-Onset Anorexia Nervosa, Robert Debre University Hospital, APHP, Paris, France. AD - Department of Medicine, Paris Cite University, Paris, France. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261008 PL - United States TA - Eat Disord JT - Eating disorders JID - 9315161 SB - IM EDAT- 2026/10/08 05:31 MHDA- 2026/10/08 05:31 CRDT- 2026/10/08 03:13 PHST- 2026/10/08 05:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/08 05:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/08 03:13 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/10640266.2026.2741121 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Eat Disord. 2026 Oct 8:1-22. doi: 10.1080/10640266.2026.2741121. PMID- 42844973 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261008 LR - 20261016 IS - 1399-3038 (Electronic) IS - 0905-6157 (Print) IS - 0905-6157 (Linking) VI - 37 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Feeding characteristics in young children with IgE-mediated food allergies: A cross-sectional observational study. PG - e70508 LID - 10.1111/pai.70508 [doi] LID - e70508 AB - BACKGROUND: Research is limited regarding the intersection between Immunoglobulin-E (IgE)-mediated food allergies and paediatric feeding Disorder (PFD). The impact on caregivers managing a child with both conditions also remains poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore feeding characteristics in young children with IgE-mediated food allergies to identify the proportion of children who may be at risk of PFD, and to examine associations between risk of PFD and caregiver-reported stress and feeding-related quality of life. METHODS: A cross-sectional cohort (N = 107) of caregivers of children aged 0;6-4;11 years, with at least one diagnosed IgE-mediated food allergy, was recruited from three paediatric allergy clinics. Validated caregiver-reported questionnaires were used to assess feeding behaviours, caregiver stress and feeding-related quality of life. RESULTS: Seventeen (16%) children were identified as being at risk of PFD based on the Behavioural Pediatric Feeding Assessment Scale-Total Frequency Score (BPFAS-TFS). Across the cohort, caregiver stress fell within the expected range. However, caregivers of children at risk of PFD reported significantly higher levels of stress on the Parental Stress Scale (PSS) (p < .001) and poorer feeding-related quality of life on the Feeding Swallowing-Impact Scale (FS-IS) (p < .001). CONCLUSION: Sixteen percent of children with IgE-mediated food allergies screened as being at risk of PFD, suggesting that screening and assessment of PFD are valuable in this population. More frequent difficult mealtime behaviours were associated with increased caregiver stress and lower feeding-related quality of life. Health services must recognise the compounded stressors of managing both food allergies and feeding behaviours/PFD to deliver holistic, family-centred care. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Pediatric Allergy and Immunology published by European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Kefford, Jennifer AU - Kefford J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0465-6029 AD - School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. AD - Northern Sydney Local Health District, New South Wales Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. FAU - Ward, Elizabeth C AU - Ward EC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2680-8978 AD - School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. AD - Centre for Functioning and Health Research (CFAHR), Metro South Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. FAU - Packer, Rebecca L AU - Packer RL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5744-7757 AD - School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. FAU - Netting, Merryn AU - Netting M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0642-9145 AD - National Allergy Council, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. AD - Department of Paediatrics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. FAU - Swamy, Shruti AU - Swamy S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-2396-3260 AD - The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. AD - Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. AD - Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. AD - Sydney Children's Hospital Randwick, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. FAU - Ford, Lara S AU - Ford LS AD - The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. AD - The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. FAU - Marshall, Jeanne AU - Marshall J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0652-9258 AD - School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. AD - Queensland Children's Hospital, Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. LA - eng GR - Speech Pathology Australia/ PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study PL - England TA - Pediatr Allergy Immunol JT - Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology JID - 9106718 RN - 37341-29-0 (Immunoglobulin E) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Food Hypersensitivity/epidemiology/immunology MH - Female MH - Male MH - Child, Preschool MH - Infant MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Immunoglobulin E/immunology/blood MH - Quality of Life MH - Caregivers/psychology MH - Stress, Psychological/epidemiology MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Child MH - *Feeding and Eating Disorders of Childhood/epidemiology PMC - PMC13646849 OTO - NOTNLM OT - caregiver burden OT - feeding and eating disorders OT - feeding behaviours OT - food allergy OT - food hypersensitivity COIS- None. EDAT- 2026/10/08 05:31 MHDA- 2026/10/08 05:32 PMCR- 2026/10/08 CRDT- 2026/10/08 02:54 PHST- 2026/09/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/08 05:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/08 05:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/08 02:54 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PAI70508 [pii] AID - 10.1111/pai.70508 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2026 Oct;37(10):e70508. doi: 10.1111/pai.70508. PMID- 42843868 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261007 LR - 20261010 IS - 2044-6055 (Electronic) IS - 2044-6055 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct 7 TI - Developing a youth sustainability healthy active living intervention for chronic disease prevention and environmental sustainability through community engagement and codesign: protocol for a multimethod community-based participatory research study in Canada and Jamaica. PG - e119261 LID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2026-119261 [doi] LID - e119261 AB - BACKGROUND: Most non-communicable diseases (NCDs) develop through multiple complex pathways that involve non-modifiable and modifiable risk factors. Prevention efforts optimally involve a life course approach that promotes healthy eating and physical activity because behaviours adopted early in adolescence and young adulthood are likely to be sustained and can prevent NCDs in later life. This research protocol describes a community-based co-designed study taking place in Canada and Jamaica that positions youth aged 15-25 as agents-of-change in their communities to increase knowledge and develop tools to adopt and promote sustainable practices and healthy active living. METHODS: The SCORE! Youth Sustainability Healthy Active Living (SCORE! Youth-SHAL)-Community Engagement and Co-design is a multimethod community-based participatory research (CBPR) study to be conducted in two sequential stages. Stage 1 involves community contextual mapping, a maximum of two community engagement workshops along with key informant interviews with both youth and stakeholders. Stage 2 includes a co-design workshop with local youth to develop customised healthy active living activities. Participants will be recruited using convenience and purposive sampling. Workshops and interviews will be audio-recorded and transcribed. Data will be collected to understand the SHAL intervention's feasibility, fidelity and contextual fit across diverse settings. Content and thematic analysis will occur concurrently and iteratively with data collection. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This study has approval from Hamilton Integrated Research Ethics Board in Health Sciences, Brock University Research Ethics Board, The University of the West Indies-Mona Campus Research Ethics Committee, and Ministry of Health and Wellness, Jamaica-Advisory Panel on Ethics and Medico-Legal Affairs. Findings assist in finalising a SHAL intervention for youth in equity-deserving populations. We will also publish the study results in an academic journal and present at conferences, webinars and workshops. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ Group. FAU - Stennett, Rosain AU - Stennett R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3386-2558 AD - Mary Heersink School of Global Health and Social Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Kandasamy, Sujane AU - Kandasamy S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4326-2783 AD - Mary Heersink School of Global Health and Social Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. AD - The Starfish Environmental Society, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Sherifali, Diana AU - Sherifali D AD - School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. FAU - de Souza, Russell J AU - de Souza RJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8945-513X AD - Mary Heersink School of Global Health and Social Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. AD - Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (HEI), Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Desai, Dipika AU - Desai D AD - Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (HEI), Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. AD - Population Health Research Institute/Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Kwan, Matthew Yw AU - Kwan MY AD - Department of Child and Youth Studies, Brock University, St Catharines, Ontario, Canada. AD - Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. FAU - Smith, Joanne A AU - Smith JA AD - Epidemiology Research Unit, Caribbean Institute for Health Research, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica. FAU - Edwards, Thera AU - Edwards T AD - Department of Geography and Geology, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica. AD - Tropical Metabolism Research Unit, Caribbean Institute for Health Research, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica. FAU - Gordon-Strachan, Georgiana AU - Gordon-Strachan G AD - Tropical Metabolism Research Unit, Caribbean Institute for Health Research, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica. FAU - Bangdiwala, Shrikant I AU - Bangdiwala SI AD - Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (HEI), Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. AD - Population Health Research Institute/Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Wahi, Gita AU - Wahi G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5943-9702 AD - Mary Heersink School of Global Health and Social Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Brook, Jeffrey AU - Brook J AD - Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Sergeant, Myles AU - Sergeant M AD - Family Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. AD - Canadian Coalition for Green Health Care, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Krishanthan, Alisha AU - Krishanthan A AD - Health Sciences Program, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Desai, Sneha AU - Desai S AD - Arts & Science Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Anderson, Simon G AU - Anderson SG AD - George Alleyne Chronic Disease Research Centre, Caribbean Institute for Health Research, The University of the West Indies, Bridgetown, Barbados. AD - Glasgow-Caribbean Centre for Development Research, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica. FAU - Anand, Sonia S AU - Anand SS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3692-7441 AD - Mary Heersink School of Global Health and Social Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada anands@mcmaster.ca. AD - Population Health Research Institute/Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261007 PL - England TA - BMJ Open JT - BMJ open JID - 101552874 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Community-Based Participatory Research MH - Jamaica MH - Canada MH - Adolescent MH - *Health Promotion/methods MH - Young Adult MH - Research Design MH - Chronic Disease/prevention & control MH - *Exercise MH - Female MH - *Community Participation PMC - PMC13646957 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Community Participation OT - Community-Based Participatory Research OT - QUALITATIVE RESEARCH OT - Young Adult COIS- Competing interests: RJdS has served as an external resource person to the World Health Organization's Nutrition Guidelines Advisory Group on trans fats, saturated fats, and polyunsaturated fats. The WHO paid for his travel and accommodation to attend meetings from 2012-2017 to present and discuss this work. He has also done contract research for the Canadian Institutes of Health Research's Institute of Nutrition, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Health Canada, and the World Health Organization, for which he received remuneration. He has received speaker's fees from the University of Toronto and McMaster Children's Hospital. He has held grants from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Canadian Foundation for Dietetic Research, Population Health Research Institute, and Hamilton Health Sciences Corporation as a principal investigator, and is a co-investigator on several funded team grants from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. He serves as a member of the Nutrition Science Advisory Committee to Health Canada (Government of Canada), a co-opted member of the Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition (SACN) Subgroup on the Framework for the Evaluation of Evidence (Public Health England), and as an independent director of the Helderleigh Foundation (Canada). SSA is an Associate Vice-President of Global Health, McMaster University and a Senior Scientist at the Population Health Research Institute. She currently serves on the Editorial Board of The British Medical Journal and is an Associate Editor of JAMA Cardiology. SSA has received grants from the Public Health Agency of Canada, Heart & Stroke, Canadian Institutes of Health Research. She has served as a Consultant and received payment/honoraria for lectures, presentations and speaker bureaus from Bayer AG, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Canada, Novo Nordisk Amgen, HSL Therapeutics, Daiichi Sankyo, Regeneron and Eli Lily. She has held a Tier 1 Canada Research Chair in Ethnicity and CVD (#CRC-2017-00024) for two successive terms, Heart & Stroke Foundation Chair in Population Health and Michael G. DeGroote Chair in Population Health Research. EDAT- 2026/10/07 23:30 MHDA- 2026/10/07 23:31 PMCR- 2026/10/07 CRDT- 2026/10/07 20:35 PHST- 2026/10/07 23:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/07 23:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/07 20:35 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjopen-2026-119261 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2026-119261 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Open. 2026 Oct 7;16(10):e119261. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2026-119261. PMID- 42843149 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261022 IS - 1878-9307 (Electronic) IS - 1878-9293 (Print) IS - 1878-9293 (Linking) VI - 82 DP - 2026 Sep 21 TI - A systematic review of digital and wearable sensor data in the ABCD study: Insights, methods, and emerging opportunities. PG - 101826 LID - S1878-9293(26)00168-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.dcn.2026.101826 [doi] LID - 101826 AB - Research into key adolescent health domains, like problematic screen-based media use, sleep health, and physical activity, are frequently limited by error-prone self-report-based measures. To improve the measurement of such behaviors, the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (ABCD), a diverse longitudinal cohort study of nearly 12,000 U.S. youth (ages 9-10 at Baseline), includes remote sensing protocols during data collection. Consenting participants provided up to three weeks of Fitbit actigraphy data, beginning at the year-two follow up, and smartphone usage data, beginning at the year-four follow up, collected via the Effortless Assessment of Research Systems (EARS) smartphone application. This systematic review aimed to identify and synthesize all published empirical studies which have utilized the ABCD Study's passive sensor data, identifying 45 articles investigating measurement validity, and associations with adolescent health, development, and neurocognitive functioning. Fitbit devices broadly reproduced estimates of sleep and physical activity obtained from research-grade sensors. Smartphone sensor data were internally consistent, reproduced expected daily usage patterns, and were moderately correlated with self-report. Most substantive studies utilized Fitbit data and reported cross-sectional associations between sensor-derived single-item summary statistics and survey-based measures of mental and behavioral health, neurocognitive functioning, or environmental risk factors. A smaller number of studies utilized longitudinal designs, within-person analyses, machine learning approaches, and/or genetic or neuroimaging methods to reduce confounding and enhance biological and etiological insight into these observed relationships. While published findings were largely incremental in nature, ABCD's passive sensing resources nonetheless represent a powerful, widely available resource for incorporating sensor-based measures into adolescent health research. CI - Copyright (c) 2026. Published by Elsevier Ltd. FAU - Alexander, Jordan D AU - Alexander JD AD - Psychology Department, University of Maine, Orono, ME, United States. Electronic address: jordan.d.alexander@maine.edu. FAU - Mills, Sawyer AU - Mills S AD - Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States. FAU - Sumpter, Kelsey AU - Sumpter K AD - School of Medicine, University of Maryland at Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, United States. FAU - Smith, Calen J AU - Smith CJ AD - J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States. FAU - Das, Biplabendu AU - Das B AD - J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States. FAU - Fan, Ruby AU - Fan R AD - Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, United States. FAU - Hunt, Ethan T AU - Hunt ET AD - University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health - Austin Campus, Austin, TX, United States. FAU - Brown, Sandra A AU - Brown SA AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States. FAU - Curtis, Brenda L AU - Curtis BL AD - National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, United States. FAU - Cummins, Kevin M AU - Cummins KM AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States. FAU - Mason, Michael AU - Mason M AD - Center for Behavioral Health Research, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States. FAU - Neale, Michael C AU - Neale MC AD - Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States. FAU - Tapert, Susan F AU - Tapert SF AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States. FAU - Baker, Fiona C AU - Baker FC AD - Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, United States. FAU - Fuemmeler, Bernard F AU - Fuemmeler BF AD - Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States. FAU - Wade, Natasha E AU - Wade NE AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States. LA - eng GR - U24 DA041147/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DA051039/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DA041120/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - K08 DA050779/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DA051018/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DA041093/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - U24 DA041123/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DA051038/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DA051037/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DA051016/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DA041106/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DA041117/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 DA050560/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DA041174/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DA041134/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DA041022/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DA041156/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DA050987/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DA041025/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DA050989/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DA041089/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DA050988/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DA041028/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DA041048/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - ZIA DA000628/ImNIH/Intramural NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DA041148/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260921 PL - Netherlands TA - Dev Cogn Neurosci JT - Developmental cognitive neuroscience JID - 101541838 SB - IM PMC - PMC13676921 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent development OT - Fitbit OT - Passive Sensing OT - Physical Activity OT - Sensor based data OT - Sleep OT - Smartphone Use COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/10/07 23:30 MHDA- 2026/10/07 23:30 PMCR- 2026/09/21 CRDT- 2026/10/07 18:09 PHST- 2025/12/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/07 23:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/07 23:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/07 18:09 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1878-9293(26)00168-4 [pii] AID - 101826 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.dcn.2026.101826 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Dev Cogn Neurosci. 2026 Sep 21;82:101826. doi: 10.1016/j.dcn.2026.101826. PMID- 42843092 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261024 LR - 20261024 IS - 1361-8423 (Electronic) IS - 1361-8415 (Linking) VI - 115 DP - 2027 Jan TI - CeLDA+: Prototypical learning for age-robust cephalometric landmark detection. PG - 104330 LID - S1361-8415(26)00399-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.media.2026.104330 [doi] AB - Accurate cephalometric landmark detection is essential for orthodontic diagnosis. However, existing methods predominantly focus on adults and overlook adolescents, whose developmental variations, such as unerupted teeth and mixed dentition, introduce substantial appearance changes and degrade detection performance. These differences motivate a unified framework that performs reliably for adolescent and adult cases. To address this challenge, we propose CeLDA+ (Cephalometric Landmark Detection across Ages), a prototypical learning framework for landmark detection in adolescent and adult populations. Rather than relying on highly variable local appearances, it formulates landmark detection as semantic matching in a high-dimensional feature space. By mapping morphologically diverse instances to compact regions around shared landmark prototypes, the model promotes consistent localization for adolescent and adult cases without requiring age-specific designs. We further introduce two modules: Prototype Geometry Regularization, which enforces geometric consistency among landmarks, and Prototype Relation Mining, which captures semantic dependencies between anatomically related structures. For comprehensive evaluation, we construct two large-scale, multi-center datasets annotated with 46 and 201 landmarks, comprising 2950 samples in total and representing the largest cephalometric benchmarks to date. CeLDA+ consistently outperforms prior state-of-the-art methods across all three benchmarks. On the two mixed-age benchmarks, it achieves the best detection accuracy on both adolescent and adult subsets under joint training, while maintaining the lowest computational cost. CeLDA+ also performs well in two downstream clinical evaluations: skeletal classification, following prior benchmark practice, and cephalometric tracing analysis, newly introduced in this work to provide contour-level evaluation for cephalometric landmark detection. These findings further highlight its applicability in real-world orthodontic scenarios. Our source code and benchmark datasets are available at GitHub. CI - Copyright (c) 2026. Published by Elsevier B.V. FAU - Wu, Han AU - Wu H AD - School of Biomedical Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China. FAU - Jia, Wei AU - Jia W AD - School of Biomedical Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China. FAU - Mei, Lanzhuju AU - Mei L AD - School of Biomedical Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China. FAU - Yang, Tong AU - Yang T AD - Shanghai Linkedcare Information Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China. FAU - Zhu, Min AU - Zhu M AD - Shanghai Ninth People Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. FAU - Li, Haizhen AU - Li H AD - Shanghai Ninth People Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: lihaizhen_dent@163.com. FAU - Wang, Chong AU - Wang C AD - Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Imaging, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. Electronic address: chongwa@stanford.edu. FAU - Shen, Dinggang AU - Shen D AD - School of Biomedical Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai United Imaging Intelligence Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China; Shanghai Clinical Research and Trial Center, Shanghai, China. FAU - Cui, Zhiming AU - Cui Z AD - School of Biomedical Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: cuizhm@shanghaitech.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260923 PL - Netherlands TA - Med Image Anal JT - Medical image analysis JID - 9713490 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Cephalometry/methods MH - *Anatomic Landmarks/diagnostic imaging MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Algorithms MH - Detection Algorithms MH - *Machine Learning OTO - NOTNLM OT - Geometry regularization OT - Landmark detection OT - Prototypical learning OT - Relation mining COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/10/07 23:30 MHDA- 2026/10/25 03:35 CRDT- 2026/10/07 18:07 PHST- 2026/05/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/25 03:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/07 23:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/07 18:07 [entrez] AID - S1361-8415(26)00399-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.media.2026.104330 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Med Image Anal. 2027 Jan;115:104330. doi: 10.1016/j.media.2026.104330. Epub 2026 Sep 23. PMID- 42840287 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261007 LR - 20261008 IS - 2296-2360 (Print) IS - 2296-2360 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2360 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Implementation of a non-separation pathway for late preterm infants in a tertiary care center: a prospective feasibility study. PG - 1919628 LID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1919628 [doi] LID - 1919628 AB - BACKGROUND: Late preterm infants (34 + 0-36 + 6 weeks' gestation) are at increased risk of feeding difficulties, hypoglycemia, hypothermia, and early mother-infant separation. Although skin-to-skin contact and rooming-in are recommended components of family-centered neonatal care, evidence regarding the implementation of integrated non-separation strategies in late preterm infants remains limited. This study evaluated the implementation, feasibility, safety, and early clinical outcomes of a Non-Separation Pathway in a tertiary care setting. METHODS: We conducted a prospective observational cohort study after implementation of a Non-Separation Pathway at a Belgian tertiary university hospital. Mother-infant dyads with infants born between 34 + 0 and 36 + 6 weeks' gestation were enrolled between April 2023 and March 2024. The pathway consists of three interconnected components: (1) immediate and sustained delivery-room SSC, (2) continuous rooming-in, and (3) structured feeding support according to a standardized protocol based on Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine. Primary outcomes were pathway implementation, feasibility, and safety, with complete non-separation as the primary implementation outcome. Secondary outcomes included feeding practices, hypoglycemia, weight loss, length of stay, and feeding status at discharge. RESULTS: Sixty-nine mother-infant dyads were included. Mean gestational age was 35.6 weeks and mean birth weight was 2,502 g. Complete non-separation was achieved in 37.3% of dyads, delivery room skin-to-skin contact in 82.6%. Vaginal birth (aOR 5.12, 95% CI 1.51-17.39) and higher gestational age (aOR 2.14, 95% CI 1.06-4.35) were independently associated with complete non-separation. Respiratory support was independently associated with lower odds of delivery-room skin-to-skin contact (aOR 0.04, 95% CI 0.004-0.41). Hypothermia occurred in 18.8% of infants and was associated with surrogate skin-to-skin contact (aOR 6.67, 95% CI 1.71-26.03). At discharge, 75.4% of infants received any mother's milk and 34.8% were exclusively breastfed. CONCLUSIONS: Implementation of the Non-Separation Pathway demonstrated that delivery-room SSC was feasible for most late preterm infants in a tertiary neonatal setting and was not associated with major safety concerns. However, complete non-separation throughout hospitalization was achieved in only 37% of dyads and remained constrained by respiratory support requirements, cesarean delivery, maternal and neonatal complexity, limited intermediate-care capacity, and the absence of rooming-in facilities in the NICU. CI - (c) 2026 Janssens and Eerdekens. FAU - Janssens, Elien AU - Janssens E AD - Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Residency Program, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Eerdekens, An AU - Eerdekens A AD - Neonatology Department, University Hospital Leuven -KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260922 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Pediatr JT - Frontiers in pediatrics JID - 101615492 PMC - PMC13638661 OTO - NOTNLM OT - breastfeeding OT - family-centered care OT - late preterm infant OT - neonatal outcomes OT - non-separation OT - rooming-in OT - skin-to-skin contact COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/07 11:32 MHDA- 2026/10/07 11:33 PMCR- 2026/09/22 CRDT- 2026/10/07 07:55 PHST- 2026/06/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/07 11:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/07 11:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/07 07:55 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1919628 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Pediatr. 2026 Sep 22;14:1919628. doi: 10.3389/fped.2026.1919628. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42840151 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261007 LR - 20261008 IS - 2251-6581 (Print) IS - 2251-6581 (Electronic) IS - 2251-6581 (Linking) VI - 25 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Dec TI - Empirical dietary and lifestyle indices for hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance in relation to metabolic health in overweight and obese children and adolescents. PG - 282 LID - 10.1007/s40200-026-02096-y [doi] LID - 282 AB - PURPOSE: Empirical dietary and lifestyle indices reflecting hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance have been associated with adverse metabolic outcomes in adults, but pediatric evidence is limited. We examined associations with metabolic health phenotypes in youth with excess weight. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 427 Iranian participants aged 6-18 years with overweight or obesity were classified as metabolically healthy obese (MHO) or metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO) using established cardiometabolic criteria. Dietary intake was assessed with a validated food frequency questionnaire. Modified versions of the empirical dietary and lifestyle indices for hyperinsulinemia (EDIH and ELIH) and insulin resistance (EDIR and ELIR) were calculated using the components available in the Iranian FFQ. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), with subgroup analyses by age and sex. RESULTS: Higher adherence to ELIH and ELIR was significantly associated with increased odds of MUO (OR for Q4 vs. Q1: 3.19 and 2.41, respectively; P-trend < 0.05), while no significant associations were observed for EDIH or EDIR. Exploratory subgroup analyses showed ELIH-MUO associations in participants aged < 10 years and boys, EDIR-MUO associations in girls, and ELIR-MUO associations in girls and, for the Q4-versus-Q1 comparison only, participants aged >/= 10 years (P-trend = 0.09). CONCLUSIONS: Higher lifestyle-based insulinemic scores, particularly ELIH and ELIR, were associated with an unfavorable metabolic phenotype in youth with excess weight. Because these modified indices are empirical biomarker-prediction tools, their component weights should not be interpreted as causal effects of individual foods. Prospective and population-specific validation studies are warranted. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Not applicable. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s40200-026-02096-y. CI - (c) The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Tehran University of Medical Sciences 2026. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. FAU - Nikparast, Ali AU - Nikparast A AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ROR: https://ror.org/034m2b326. GRID: grid.411600.2 FAU - Nourian, Nazanin Zahra AU - Nourian NZ AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ROR: https://ror.org/034m2b326. GRID: grid.411600.2 FAU - Tabatabaeyan, Ali AU - Tabatabaeyan A AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Students' Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. ROR: https://ror.org/04waqzz56. GRID: grid.411036.1. ISNI: 0000 0001 1498 685X FAU - Razavi, Maryam AU - Razavi M AD - Growth and Development Research Center, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ROR: https://ror.org/01c4pz451. GRID: grid.411705.6. ISNI: 0000 0001 0166 0922 FAU - Khoshnezhad Afkham, Ehsan AU - Khoshnezhad Afkham E AD - Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ROR: https://ror.org/01c4pz451. GRID: grid.411705.6. ISNI: 0000 0001 0166 0922 FAU - Etesami, Elahe AU - Etesami E AD - Department of Nutrition, SR.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. ROR: https://ror.org/01kzn7k21. GRID: grid.411463.5. ISNI: 0000 0001 0706 2472 FAU - Asghari, Golaleh AU - Asghari G AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ROR: https://ror.org/034m2b326. GRID: grid.411600.2 LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261005 PL - Switzerland TA - J Diabetes Metab Disord JT - Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders JID - 101590741 PMC - PMC13638921 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Empirical dietary index OT - Hyperinsulinemia OT - Insulin resistance OT - Metabolic health OT - Pediatric obesity COIS- Competing interestsThe authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/10/07 11:32 MHDA- 2026/10/07 11:33 PMCR- 2027/10/05 CRDT- 2026/10/07 07:05 PHST- 2025/10/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/07 11:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/07 11:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/07 07:05 [entrez] PHST- 2027/10/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2096 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s40200-026-02096-y [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2026 Oct 5;25(2):282. doi: 10.1007/s40200-026-02096-y. eCollection 2026 Dec. PMID- 42837523 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261006 LR - 20261008 IS - 1929-0748 (Electronic) IS - 1929-0748 (Linking) VI - 15 DP - 2026 Oct 6 TI - Remote Longitudinal Tracking of Sleep, Depression, and Cognition Across Early Adolescence: Protocol for a Longitudinal Observational Study. PG - e86345 LID - 10.2196/86345 [doi] LID - e86345 AB - BACKGROUND: Depression in adolescents is a growing public health concern, with 3.5 million youth in the United States experiencing a depressive episode each year. When symptoms emerge in early adolescence, they can have lasting psychological, physical, and cognitive consequences, highlighting the urgent need for proactive intervention. Insufficient sleep-characterized by short duration, irregular timing, and poor quality-is bidirectionally linked to depression and associated with impaired cognitive performance. OBJECTIVE: This protocol provides the map for a study tracking sleep patterns and neurophysiology, as well as a range of depressive symptoms, and their dynamic interaction in shaping longitudinal cognitive trajectories. METHODS: Fifty-six youth aged 9 to 13 (mean 11.01, SD 1.39) years were enrolled in a longitudinal measurement burst design comprising 4 assessment waves at baseline, 4, 8, and 12 months. We recruited a sample of youth with a range of depressive symptom severity. Each wave included 7 consecutive days of monitoring during which participants used a personalized mobile health (mHealth) platform, HowRU app, developed by the study team, to report daily sleep patterns, thrice-daily ecological momentary assessments (EMAs), and completed a series of cognitive tasks. Youth and parents also completed validated psychosocial questionnaires to assess mood, behavioral concerns, mental health, and sleep. Sleep and physical activity were monitored remotely using a Garmin VivoSmart 5 watch and Interaxon Muse S headbands. Sleep-dependent cognitive performance was assessed with 2 declarative memory tasks (Word-Pair Associates task [WPA] and Minecraft Memory and Navigation [MMN] task), a procedural memory task (Motor Sequence task), and 2 executive functioning tasks (Operation Span [OSpan] task and Rule Switch task [RST]). For the memory tasks, participants completed training and immediate testing in the evening, followed by a retention test the following morning. The OSpan task and Rule Switch were administered twice daily (morning and evening). For all tasks, stimuli were randomized and counterbalanced across participants and testing sessions. RESULTS: Funding was obtained from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (grant K08 HD107161), with a budget period of August 1, 2022, to July 31, 2027. Participant enrollment occurred May 2023 through October 2024. Data collection began in July 2023 and was completed in October 2025. Study participant retention and adherence rates for sleep diaries, cognitive tasks, and questionnaires were high. Primary outcomes of the study are anticipated to be published in fall 2026. CONCLUSIONS: This protocol provides a robust and reproducible framework to longitudinally track youth with a range of depressive symptoms in the real world using mHealth platforms and wearable technology. Potential findings can support the identification of key developmental periods of vulnerability and resilience in youth, inform future sleep-based interventions to promote mental health, and optimize cognitive outcomes across early adolescence. CI - (c) Katharine C Simon, Lia Galut, Spencer Polk, Shun Iwata, Weining Shen, Mahyar Abbasian, Amir Rahmani, Uma Rao, Jessica L Borelli, Sara C Mednick. Originally published in JMIR Research Protocols (https://www.researchprotocols.org). FAU - Simon, Katharine C AU - Simon KC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8149-4636 AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, 5141 California Ave, Irvine, CA, 92697, United States, 1 8054534462. AD - Pulmonology Department, Rady Children's Health, Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, CA, United States. FAU - Galut, Lia AU - Galut L AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-0936-4441 AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, 5141 California Ave, Irvine, CA, 92697, United States, 1 8054534462. AD - Pulmonology Department, Rady Children's Health, Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, CA, United States. FAU - Polk, Spencer AU - Polk S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-1878-2078 AD - Pulmonology Department, Rady Children's Health, Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, CA, United States. FAU - Iwata, Shun AU - Iwata S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-2578-8247 AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, 5141 California Ave, Irvine, CA, 92697, United States, 1 8054534462. FAU - Shen, Weining AU - Shen W AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3137-1085 AD - Department of Statistics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States. FAU - Abbasian, Mahyar AU - Abbasian M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-8448-3158 AD - Department of Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States. FAU - Rahmani, Amir AU - Rahmani A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0725-1155 AD - School of Nursing, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States. FAU - Rao, Uma AU - Rao U AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2191-279X AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, 5141 California Ave, Irvine, CA, 92697, United States, 1 8054534462. AD - Pulmonology Department, Rady Children's Health, Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, CA, United States. AD - Deparment of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, United States. AD - Department of Psychology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States. FAU - Borelli, Jessica L AU - Borelli JL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8471-6732 AD - Department of Psychology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States. FAU - Mednick, Sara C AU - Mednick SC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0906-3097 AD - Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States. LA - eng GR - K08 HD107161/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States PT - Clinical Trial Protocol PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261006 PL - Canada TA - JMIR Res Protoc JT - JMIR research protocols JID - 101599504 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Cognition/physiology MH - *Depression/psychology/epidemiology MH - Ecological Momentary Assessment MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - *Sleep/physiology MH - Observational Studies as Topic PMC - PMC13641314 OTO - NOTNLM OT - cognition OT - depression OT - development OT - mobile health OT - remote research OT - sleep OT - wearable technology COIS- Conflicts of Interest: None declared. EDAT- 2026/10/06 17:31 MHDA- 2026/10/06 17:32 PMCR- 2026/10/06 CRDT- 2026/10/06 15:04 PHST- 2025/10/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/06 17:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/06 17:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/06 15:04 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v15i1e86345 [pii] AID - 86345 [pii] AID - 10.2196/86345 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JMIR Res Protoc. 2026 Oct 6;15:e86345. doi: 10.2196/86345. PMID- 42837391 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261006 LR - 20261008 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 10 DP - 2026 TI - Gameful experience, exercise identity, and exercise adherence among Chinese university students: A moderated chain mediation model. PG - e0353100 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0353100 [doi] LID - e0353100 AB - BACKGROUND: Gamified fitness applications have grown in popularity, yet it remains unclear how gameful experience, defined as users' subjective perception of game-like engagement during app-supported exercise, is associated with exercise adherence. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among N = 300 Chinese university students who were active users of gamified fitness applications. Data were collected via an online questionnaire platform (Questionnaire Star) from March 5 to April 5, 2026. Participants completed validated measures of gameful experience (GAMEX), exercise identity (EI), exercise habit formation (EHF), intolerance of uncertainty (IU), and exercise adherence (EA). A moderated chain mediation model was tested using hierarchical regression analysis and bias-corrected bootstrap resampling (5,000 iterations). An indirect effect was considered statistically different from zero when its 95% confidence interval excluded zero. RESULTS: Gameful experience was positively associated with exercise adherence ([Formula: see text] = .264, p < .001). The observed associations were consistent with three indirect pathways: GAMEX [Formula: see text] EI [Formula: see text] EA (effect = .065, 95% CI [.020, .114]); GAMEX [Formula: see text] EHF [Formula: see text] EA (effect = .043, 95% CI [.002, .087]); and GAMEX [Formula: see text] EI [Formula: see text] EHF [Formula: see text] EA (effect = .085, 95% CI [.054, .123]). IU moderated the GAMEX-EI association ([Formula: see text] = .237, p < .001, [Formula: see text] = .036); the estimated chain indirect effect ranged from .034 (95% CI [.001, .072]) at low IU to .136 (95% CI [.080, .201]) at high IU. These estimates describe conditional associations and do not establish causal or temporal ordering. CONCLUSIONS: The findings are consistent with the hypothesized ordering of gameful experience, exercise identity, exercise habit formation, and adherence, while alternative causal orderings remain possible. The moderation result suggests that IU may be a useful boundary condition to examine in longitudinal and experimental studies of identity-supportive app features. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Song et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Song, Jingjing AU - Song J AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-3088-8900 AD - College of Physical Education and Health Management, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, China. FAU - Li, Jiaying AU - Li J AD - School of Physical Education, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China. FAU - Li, Dan AU - Li D AD - School of Physical Education, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261006 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - *Students/psychology MH - Male MH - Universities MH - Young Adult MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - China MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Video Games/psychology MH - Adult MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13641342 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/10/06 17:31 MHDA- 2026/10/06 17:32 PMCR- 2026/10/06 CRDT- 2026/10/06 13:45 PHST- 2026/06/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/06 17:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/06 17:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/06 13:45 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-26-28180 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0353100 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 Oct 6;21(10):e0353100. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0353100. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42837008 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261006 LR - 20261010 IS - 1432-1076 (Electronic) IS - 0340-6199 (Linking) VI - 185 IP - 11 DP - 2026 Oct 6 TI - Evaluation of subclinical organ involvement with ultrasound elastography in childhood familial Mediterranean fever: relationships with disease activity, inflammatory markers, colchicine response, and genotype. LID - 806 [pii] LID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07408-1 [doi] AB - This study evaluates multiorgan shear-wave elastography (SWE) in children with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) during attack-free periods and examines associations with clinical and inflammatory parameters. In this single-center, retrospective cross-sectional case-control study, SWE measurements of the liver, spleen, bilateral kidneys, pancreas, four mesenteric fat regions, and bilateral thyroid lobes were evaluated in 75 children with FMF and 52 matched healthy controls. Adjusted linear regression, generalized estimating equation (GEE), and Benjamini-Hochberg correction were applied. The cohort included 127 children; age, sex, weight, height, and BMI were comparable between groups. After adjustment for age, sex, and BMI, FMF patients showed higher SWE values at all 11 sites: liver (beta = 3.25 kPa; 95% CI, 2.55-3.95), right kidney (beta = 0.94 kPa; 95% CI, 0.31-1.57), left kidney (beta = 1.15 kPa; 95% CI, 0.57-1.74), spleen (beta = 1.24 kPa; 95% CI, 0.55-1.93), pancreas (beta = 0.88 kPa; 95% CI, 0.21-1.55), mesenteric fat regions (beta range, 1.43-2.06 kPa), right thyroid lobe (beta = 1.62 kPa; 95% CI, 0.73-2.51), and left thyroid lobe (beta = 2.94 kPa; 95% CI, 2.05-3.83). Repeated-measures GEE showed an overall adjusted FMF-control difference of 1.71 kPa and a significant group x organ-site interaction. Exploratory analyses showed no FDR-significant associations with disease duration, diagnostic delay, ISSF score, attack-free CRP/ESR, colchicine responsiveness, or M694V/M694V genotype. CONCLUSION: Children with FMF had higher multiorgan and mesenteric fat SWE-derived stiffness during attack-free periods. Multiorgan SWE may help evaluate subclinical tissue-level changes in pediatric FMF, but the cross-sectional design, lack of histopathologic validation, and exploratory subgroup analyses preclude causal or therapeutic conclusions. WHAT IS KNOWN: * Familial Mediterranean fever may be associated with persistent subclinical inflammation during attack-free periods. * Shear-wave elastography can noninvasively quantify tissue stiffness. WHAT IS NEW: * Children with FMF showed higher liver, spleen, kidney, pancreas, thyroid, and mesenteric fat stiffness than controls. * These differences persisted after adjustment for age, sex, and BMI. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Uslu, Hande AU - Uslu H AD - Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey. hande.uslu@kocaeli.edu.tr. FAU - Tosun, Mesude AU - Tosun M AD - Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey. FAU - Sahin, Nihal AU - Sahin N AD - Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey. FAU - Ozaslan, Nebahat Zeynep AU - Ozaslan NZ AD - Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey. FAU - Oksel, Betul AU - Oksel B AD - Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey. FAU - Aydin, Duygu AU - Aydin D AD - Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey. FAU - Apaydin, Hulusi Ferhat AU - Apaydin HF AD - Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey. FAU - Altin, Ece Devrim AU - Altin ED AD - Department of Radiology, Sakarya Yenikent State Hospital, Sakarya, Turkey. FAU - Sonmez, Hafize Emine AU - Sonmez HE AD - Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261006 PL - Germany TA - Eur J Pediatr JT - European journal of pediatrics JID - 7603873 RN - SML2Y3J35T (Colchicine) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Familial Mediterranean Fever/drug therapy/diagnostic imaging/genetics MH - Female MH - Male MH - Child MH - *Elasticity Imaging Techniques/methods MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Case-Control Studies MH - *Colchicine/therapeutic use MH - Adolescent MH - Genotype MH - Pancreas/diagnostic imaging MH - Child, Preschool MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - Liver/diagnostic imaging MH - Spleen/diagnostic imaging MH - Kidney/diagnostic imaging MH - Thyroid Gland/diagnostic imaging OTO - NOTNLM OT - Colchicine resistance OT - Familial Mediterranean fever OT - Multiorgan ultrasonography OT - Pediatric OT - Shear-wave elastography COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval: The study protocol was approved by the Local Research Ethics Committee (Approval No. 2026/137) and was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent: The requirement for written informed consent was waived by the Local Research Ethics Committee. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/10/06 17:31 MHDA- 2026/10/06 17:32 CRDT- 2026/10/06 11:16 PHST- 2026/06/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/10/06 17:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/06 17:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/06 11:16 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07408-1 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07408-1 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Eur J Pediatr. 2026 Oct 6;185(11):806. doi: 10.1007/s00431-026-07408-1. PMID- 42836182 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261006 LR - 20261007 IS - 1177-8881 (Electronic) IS - 1177-8881 (Linking) VI - 20 DP - 2026 TI - Optimal Dosing Strategies for Remimazolam Across Diverse Patient Populations: A Clinical Narrative Review. PG - 644446 LID - 10.2147/DDDT.S644446 [doi] LID - 644446 AB - Remimazolam is an ultra-short-acting benzodiazepine that is hydrolyzed by carboxylesterase 1 (CES1) to the inactive metabolite CNS 7054. Since regulatory approval in 2020 it has been adopted globally for procedural sedation and general anesthesia, supported by an expanding evidence base of randomized trials, population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) modeling studies, dose-finding sequential-allocation analyses, and meta-analyses. Synthesizing 92 studies published between January 2020 and April 2026, this narrative review defines dose optimization across diverse populations. For adult procedural sedation, a fixed 5 mg initial bolus followed by 2.5 mg maintenance titrations achieves moderate sedation with a hemodynamic and respiratory profile that compares favorably with propofol, whereas general anesthesia requires an induction rate of 6 to 12 mg kg(-1) h(-1) followed by maintenance at 1.0-2.0 mg kg(-1) h(-1). Dosing demands a 25-30% reduction in the elderly (>/= 65 years), higher weight-adjusted requirements in pediatric patients (1-18 years), and lean or corrected body weight scalars in obesity, while severe hepatic impairment reduces clearance by approximately 38% and opioid co-administration yields a 15-63% synergistic reduction in effective concentrations. Several quantitative estimates, however, derive from single-center trials with fewer than 30 participants per arm that have not been externally validated. To help clinicians weigh these recommendations, each population-level dosing estimate is graded by the strength and external validity of its supporting evidence (A, B, or C); most special-population point estimates rest on single-center studies (grade C) and are best regarded as starting points rather than established standards. Crucially, the halted Japanese Phase II intensive care unit trial (ONO-2745-04) serves as a key safety counter-narrative: continuous infusions exceeding 24 hours in critically ill patients may be associated with drug accumulation and delayed emergence, suggesting that organ-independent clearance may not be guaranteed when CES1 activity is compromised. Major evidence gaps persist for infants under one year of age, long-duration anesthesia, CES1 polymorphisms, and non-East-Asian populations. CI - (c) 2026 Illias et al. FAU - Illias, Amina M AU - Illias AM AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-9430-3776 AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan. AD - College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. FAU - Tsai, Yung-Fong AU - Tsai YF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3121-4840 AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan. AD - College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. FAU - Wu, Shao-Chun AU - Wu SC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0984-6921 AD - College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20261001 PL - New Zealand TA - Drug Des Devel Ther JT - Drug design, development and therapy JID - 101475745 RN - 7V4A8U16MB (remimazolam) RN - 12794-10-4 (Benzodiazepines) RN - 0 (Hypnotics and Sedatives) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Benzodiazepines/administration & dosage/pharmacokinetics MH - *Hypnotics and Sedatives/administration & dosage/pharmacokinetics MH - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug PMC - PMC13637680 OAB - Remimazolam is a fast-acting sedative that anesthesiologists now use worldwide for short procedures and for general anesthesia. The body breaks it down rapidly with an enzyme called carboxylesterase 1, which is found mainly in liver cells but works independently of the slower liver pathways and the kidneys that clear most other sedatives, so doctors expected the dose to be easy to predict. In practice, the recommended dose still varies widely between different types of patients, and it has been hard for clinicians to know which numbers to trust. We searched the published research up to April 2026 and brought together 92 studies. We compared the doses used in adults, older people, children, people carrying extra weight, and people whose liver or kidneys do not work well. We also graded how strong the evidence behind each recommendation is. We found that older patients need roughly a quarter to a third less drug, children need more per kilogram of body weight, and much less drug is needed when a strong painkiller is given at the same time. We also found that the drug can build up and delay waking when it is given for more than a day to patients who are seriously ill, so its usual advantage over other sedatives may not apply to them. Many of the published dose figures come from single hospitals and small groups of patients, so clinicians should treat them as sensible starting points and adjust the dose for each patient rather than follow them as fixed rules. OABL- eng OTO - NOTNLM OT - dosing OT - pharmacodynamics OT - population pharmacokinetics OT - procedural sedation OT - remimazolam OT - special populations COIS- The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work. EDAT- 2026/10/06 11:31 MHDA- 2026/10/06 11:32 PMCR- 2026/10/01 CRDT- 2026/10/06 07:28 PHST- 2026/07/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/06 11:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/06 11:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/06 07:28 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 644446 [pii] AID - 10.2147/DDDT.S644446 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Drug Des Devel Ther. 2026 Oct 1;20:644446. doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S644446. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42836153 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261006 LR - 20261007 IS - 1680-5348 (Electronic) IS - 1020-4989 (Print) IS - 1020-4989 (Linking) VI - 50 DP - 2026 TI - Body weight perception and body self-esteem in adolescents with overweight or obesity in Costa Rica: challenges for public health policy. PG - e80 LID - 10.26633/RPSP.2026.80 [doi] LID - e80 AB - OBJECTIVE: This study estimates the prevalence of weight misperception among Costa Rican adolescents in general and examines its association with body esteem and weight-control behaviors to inform public health policy. METHODS: The authors analyzed cross-sectional data collected in 2017 from a probabilistic sample of 818 adolescents aged 13-18 years enrolled in public and private secondary schools in urban and rural areas of the province of San Jose, Costa Rica. Weight and height were measured by trained nutritionists and classified using World Health Organization body mass index (BMI)-for-age standards. Perceived weight status was assessed using culturally appropriate response categories adapted from the Youth Risk Behavior Survey and refined through a pilot study. Body esteem and weight-control behaviors were measured using validated survey instruments. RESULTS: Among adolescents with overweight or obesity, 59% underestimated their weight, most commonly perceiving themselves as having an "adequate weight." Weight underestimation was associated with higher body esteem and lower engagement in weight-control behaviors after adjustment for key sociodemographic characteristics. CONCLUSION: By contributing evidence from a Latin American context-where research on adolescent weight perception remains scarce-this study enhances understanding of how excess weight is perceived during adolescence in settings where overweight is highly prevalent and supports public policy approaches that prioritize healthy eating and active living from adolescence. FAU - Monge-Rojas, Rafael AU - Monge-Rojas R AD - Nutrition and Health Unit Costa Rican Institute for Research and Education on Nutrition and Health (INCIENSA) Ministry of Health Tres Rios 4-2250 Costa Rica Nutrition and Health Unit, Costa Rican Institute for Research and Education on Nutrition and Health (INCIENSA), Ministry of Health, Tres Rios 4-2250, Costa Rica. FAU - Smith-Castro, Vanessa AU - Smith-Castro V AD - Psychological Research Institute University of Costa Rica City of Research Montes de Oca 11501-2060 Costa Rica Psychological Research Institute, University of Costa Rica, City of Research, Montes de Oca 11501-2060, Costa Rica. FAU - Vargas-Quesada, Rulaman AU - Vargas-Quesada R AD - Nutrition and Health Unit Costa Rican Institute for Research and Education on Nutrition and Health (INCIENSA) Ministry of Health Tres Rios 4-2250 Costa Rica Nutrition and Health Unit, Costa Rican Institute for Research and Education on Nutrition and Health (INCIENSA), Ministry of Health, Tres Rios 4-2250, Costa Rica. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261005 PL - United States TA - Rev Panam Salud Publica JT - Revista panamericana de salud publica = Pan American journal of public health JID - 9705400 PMC - PMC13637699 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent OT - Latin America OT - body weight OT - obesity OT - overweight OT - weight perception COIS- Conflicts of interests. None declared. EDAT- 2026/10/06 11:31 MHDA- 2026/10/06 11:32 PMCR- 2026/10/05 CRDT- 2026/10/06 07:24 PHST- 2026/02/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/06 11:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/06 11:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/06 07:24 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - RPSP.2026.80 [pii] AID - 10.26633/RPSP.2026.80 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2026 Oct 5;50:e80. doi: 10.26633/RPSP.2026.80. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42835958 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261006 LR - 20261007 IS - 2772-4875 (Electronic) IS - 2772-4875 (Linking) VI - 31 DP - 2026 Dec TI - Early-onset atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in young adults: Lifestyle, environmental, and psychosocial risk factors. PG - 200714 LID - 10.1016/j.ijcrp.2026.200714 [doi] LID - 200714 AB - Early-onset atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) must be distinguished from cardiovascular risk factors and subclinical vascular abnormalities that may arise at younger ages. This narrative review critically examines lifestyle, environmental, metabolic, psychosocial, and inherited determinants among adolescents (10-19 years), young adults (20-39 years), and selected adults aged 40-54 years who remain within commonly used thresholds for premature events. The 40-54-year band is included selectively to bridge younger-adult prevention with guideline-based adult risk assessment and is not intended to redefine the upper age limit of premature ASCVD. Epidemiological evidence demonstrates a substantial burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among people aged 15-39 years; however, evidence of increasing clinically manifest ASCVD is less consistent than evidence of rising obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, nicotine exposure, and subclinical vascular injury. Established causal drivers, including cumulative exposure to apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins and cigarette smoking, are distinguished from predominantly associative evidence concerning sleep disruption, psychosocial stress, e-cigarette use, and air pollution. Prevention should combine population-level health promotion with age-appropriate clinical risk assessment, including lipid screening and measurement of lipoprotein(a) at least once in adulthood, with additional targeted evaluation for familial hypercholesterolemia, a family history of premature ASCVD, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and smoking or vaping. Coronary artery calcium scoring and carotid imaging are not recommended as universal screening tests for asymptomatic young people, although they may refine clinical decisions in carefully selected adults. Digital tools may support engagement but should complement, rather than replace, validated clinical care and public-health measures. CI - (c) 2026 The Authors. FAU - Khasanovna, Tukhtaeva Nigora AU - Khasanovna TN AD - "Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases No. 2", Tashkent State Medical University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan. FAU - Egamberdi Son, Babajanov Xudoybergan AU - Egamberdi Son BX AD - Tashkent State Medical University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260924 PL - Netherlands TA - Int J Cardiol Cardiovasc Risk Prev JT - International journal of cardiology. Cardiovascular risk and prevention JID - 9918282077306676 PMC - PMC13636304 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease OT - Familial hypercholesterolemia OT - Premature cardiovascular disease OT - Prevention OT - Risk assessment OT - Young adults OT - lipoprotein(a) EDAT- 2026/10/06 11:31 MHDA- 2026/10/06 11:32 PMCR- 2026/09/24 CRDT- 2026/10/06 07:06 PHST- 2026/05/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/06 11:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/06 11:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/06 07:06 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2772-4875(26)00144-3 [pii] AID - 200714 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ijcrp.2026.200714 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Cardiol Cardiovasc Risk Prev. 2026 Sep 24;31:200714. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcrp.2026.200714. eCollection 2026 Dec. PMID- 42835893 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261006 LR - 20261007 IS - 2378-8038 (Print) IS - 2378-8038 (Electronic) IS - 2378-8038 (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Transcervical Epiglottic Suspension for Severe Type III Laryngomalacia in Infants: Feasibility, Safety, and Effectiveness. PG - e70584 LID - 10.1002/lio2.70584 [doi] LID - e70584 AB - OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility, safety, and clinical outcomes of transcervical epiglottic suspension in respiratory support-dependent infants with Type III laryngomalacia. METHODS: This retrospective case series at a single-center tertiary children's hospital included consecutive infants with endoscopically confirmed Type III laryngomalacia who were dependent on respiratory support because of upper airway obstruction. These infants underwent transcervical epiglottic suspension between January 1, 2024, and December 31, 2025. Because all eligible infants treated during the study period were included, no a priori sample size calculation was performed. Outcomes included procedural success, operative time, suture duration, perioperative complications, liberation from respiratory support, avoidance of tracheostomy, improvement in airway obstruction, feeding recovery, and catch-up growth. RESULTS: Fifteen infants were included. Median age at surgery was 58 days. Primary procedural success was achieved in 14 of 15 infants and in all infants after revision. All infants were liberated from respiratory support, and none required tracheostomy. Airway obstruction scores improved significantly after surgery (p < 0.001). Median operative time was 20 min, median blood loss was 1 mL, median suture duration was 35 days, and median time to full oral feeding was 35 days. Among 10 infants with preoperative growth impairment, eight achieved normal weight-for-age status at final follow-up. Adverse events included premature suture detachment in two infants and minor cutaneous pressure injury in one infant; no severe complications occurred. CONCLUSION: Transcervical epiglottic suspension was feasible and was associated with rapid liberation from respiratory support and an acceptable safety profile in high-risk infants with Type III laryngomalacia. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The Triological Society. FAU - Yang, Weiguang AU - Yang W AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3052-0897 AD - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University (Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital), Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Early Diagnosis and Precise Treatment of Sleep Disordered Breathing Zhengzhou China. FAU - Duan, Qingchuan AU - Duan Q AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2460-9334 AD - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH) Beijing China. FAU - Zhang, Fei AU - Zhang F AD - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University (Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital), Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Early Diagnosis and Precise Treatment of Sleep Disordered Breathing Zhengzhou China. FAU - Jiang, Lan AU - Jiang L AD - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University (Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital), Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Early Diagnosis and Precise Treatment of Sleep Disordered Breathing Zhengzhou China. FAU - Seng, Dongjie AU - Seng D AD - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University (Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital), Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Early Diagnosis and Precise Treatment of Sleep Disordered Breathing Zhengzhou China. FAU - Xu, Ying AU - Xu Y AD - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University (Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital), Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Early Diagnosis and Precise Treatment of Sleep Disordered Breathing Zhengzhou China. FAU - Zhang, Jie AU - Zhang J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1621-7779 AD - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University (Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital), Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Early Diagnosis and Precise Treatment of Sleep Disordered Breathing Zhengzhou China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261005 PL - United States TA - Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol JT - Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology JID - 101684963 PMC - PMC13638263 OTO - NOTNLM OT - airway obstruction OT - epiglottic prolapse OT - infant OT - laryngomalacia OT - transcervical epiglottic suspension COIS- Generative artificial intelligence tools were used only for language editing, grammar refinement, and formatting assistance. No artificial intelligence tool was used to generate clinical data, perform statistical analyses, create primary scientific conclusions, or replace author judgment. All content was reviewed, edited, and approved by the authors, who take full responsibility for the submitted manuscript.The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/06 11:31 MHDA- 2026/10/06 11:32 PMCR- 2026/10/05 CRDT- 2026/10/06 07:02 PHST- 2026/06/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/06 11:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/06 11:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/06 07:02 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - LIO270584 [pii] AID - 10.1002/lio2.70584 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol. 2026 Oct 5;11(5):e70584. doi: 10.1002/lio2.70584. eCollection 2026 Oct. PMID- 42835802 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261006 LR - 20261007 IS - 2296-861X (Print) IS - 2296-861X (Electronic) IS - 2296-861X (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2026 TI - Mediterranean diet, eating behaviours, and nutritional intervention in childhood obesity: what works, where, and for whom-a narrative review. PG - 1892494 LID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1892494 [doi] LID - 1892494 AB - Childhood obesity is a leading public health challenge with rising global prevalence and significant impacts on cardiometabolic health extending into adulthood. Lifestyle intervention, with nutrition as its central component, is the main point of paediatric obesity management, yet the evidence base remains fragmented across regions, instruments, and clinical models. This narrative review synthesises European evidence on Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence assessment, multidisciplinary intervention outcomes, and global comparative patterns in paediatric obesity management. Among dietary patterns, the Mediterranean diet (MD) remains the most evidence-supported framework for cardiometabolic prevention in children and adolescents. KIDMED, a 16-item validated instrument, has been adapted for multiple European paediatric populations and consistently identifies low legume, whole grain, and extra-virgin olive oil intake as the principal adherence gaps associated with a higher body mass index (BMI) Z-score, as well as a higher age- and sex-specific BMI percentile. The Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ) provides a complementary behavioural marker with food-approach subscales positively associated with BMI Z-score and food-avoidance subscales inversely associated, a pattern replicated across European, Latin American, and Middle Eastern cohorts. Structured multidisciplinary interventions consistently produce modest reductions in BMI Z-score, typically between 0.10 and 0.25 units over 3 to 12 months. The strongest predictors of response are younger age, lower baseline obesity severity, breakfast adherence, and the absence of obese parents. Low KIDMED score additionally functions as a screening signal for paediatric Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD). Continental comparisons suggest that dietary-quality predictors of paediatric obesity are broadly consistent across regions. However, the feasibility of Mediterranean-style approaches varies substantially with local food availability, culinary traditions and economic access, so cross-cultural application of KIDMED-based screening requires careful local adaptation. The review concludes that routine integration of KIDMED and CEBQ within structured multidisciplinary pathways represents an evidence-informed, implementation-ready step for pediatric obesity care, particularly in under-studied Central and Eastern Europe. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Bober and Gaszynska. FAU - Bober, Julia AU - Bober J AD - International Doctoral School, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland. AD - Department of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland. FAU - Gaszynska, Ewelina AU - Gaszynska E AD - Department of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260921 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Nutr JT - Frontiers in nutrition JID - 101642264 PMC - PMC13635886 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CEBQ OT - KIDMED OT - Mediterranean diet OT - childhood obesity OT - lifestyle intervention COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/06 11:31 MHDA- 2026/10/06 11:32 PMCR- 2026/09/21 CRDT- 2026/10/06 06:52 PHST- 2026/05/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/06 11:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/06 11:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/06 06:52 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1892494 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Nutr. 2026 Sep 21;13:1892494. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1892494. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42835418 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261006 LR - 20261007 IS - 2296-2360 (Print) IS - 2296-2360 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2360 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Feasibility of FnNO measurement in preschoolers and development of predictive models. PG - 1891740 LID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1891740 [doi] LID - 1891740 AB - BACKGROUND: Fractional nasal exhaled nitric oxide (FnNO) is a valuable biomarker of upper airway mucosal inflammation, but its clinical application in preschoolers is limited by uncertain compliance and a lack of reference data. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of standardized FnNO measurement in children aged 3-6 years, identify independent predictors of test cooperation and first-attempt success to build exploratory predictive models, and provide preliminary distribution estimates of FnNO in healthy preschoolers. METHODS: A total of 148 preschoolers aged 3-6 years were enrolled. Test completion and first-attempt success rates were recorded. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors of compliance. Exploratory predictive models were developed and evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis with internal bootstrap validation. FnNO distribution characteristics were analyzed in both the general cohort and a healthy subgroup. RESULTS: The overall test completion rate was 82.4% (122/148), and the first-attempt success rate was 76.2% (77/101). Multivariable analysis demonstrated that female sex (OR = 4.853, P = 0.004) and greater height (OR = 1.216, P = 0.000) were independent predictors of test completion. Age was the sole independent predictor of first-attempt success (OR = 2.299, P = 0.001). The predictive model for test completion (sex and height) achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.870, while the first-attempt success model (age and BMI) yielded an AUC of 0.749. The median FnNO level was 315.50 ppb (IQR: 168.00-410.00 ppb) across the overall cohort and 324.00 ppb (IQR: 221.00-378.50 ppb) in the healthy subgroup (n = 81). CONCLUSIONS: Standardized FnNO measurement is feasible in preschool children. Height, sex, and age are key factors influencing test cooperation. The proposed predictive models offer exploratory statistical tools for population stratification in research contexts, though prospective clinical validation remains necessary. This study establishes preliminary reference estimates for FnNO in Chinese preschoolers. CI - (c) 2026 Wang, Lin, Wang and Li. FAU - Wang, Yue AU - Wang Y AD - Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Children's Medical Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China. FAU - Lin, Qianqian AU - Lin Q AD - Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Children's Medical Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China. FAU - Wang, Haoyu AU - Wang H AD - Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Children's Medical Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China. FAU - Li, Yanchun AU - Li Y AD - Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Children's Medical Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260921 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Pediatr JT - Frontiers in pediatrics JID - 101615492 PMC - PMC13635358 OTO - NOTNLM OT - FnNO OT - children OT - compliance OT - feasibility OT - predictive model COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/06 11:31 MHDA- 2026/10/06 11:32 PMCR- 2026/09/21 CRDT- 2026/10/06 06:14 PHST- 2026/05/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/06 11:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/06 11:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/06 06:14 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1891740 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Pediatr. 2026 Sep 21;14:1891740. doi: 10.3389/fped.2026.1891740. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42835024 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261006 LR - 20261007 IS - 2296-861X (Print) IS - 2296-861X (Electronic) IS - 2296-861X (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2026 TI - Diet quality in pediatric migraine and the educational quality of related short-form videos: a cross-sectional study and content analysis. PG - 1934926 LID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1934926 [doi] LID - 1934926 AB - BACKGROUND: Diet quality has been associated with headache burden and psychosocial outcomes in children with migraine, while caregivers increasingly use short-form videos for dietary and lifestyle advice. However, evidence on overall diet quality and related video quality remains limited. METHODS: This study included 180 children aged 7-18 years with migraine. Diet quality was assessed using the Chinese Children Dietary Index (CCDI). Participants were divided at the median CCDI score of 117.7 into low- and high-CCDI groups (n = 90 each). Between-group comparisons included Pediatric Migraine Disability Assessment (PedMIDAS) scores, headache characteristics, analgesic use, caregiver burden, and anxiety and depressive symptoms. Multivariable regression was used to examine adjusted associations between CCDI scores and clinical outcomes. Caregiver use of short-form videos was also surveyed. In addition, 150 videos on dietary and lifestyle management of pediatric migraine from Douyin, Kuaishou, and Xiaohongshu were analyzed for educational quality, reliability, and actionability. RESULTS: The high-CCDI group had lower PedMIDAS scores than the low-CCDI group (29.54 +/- 17.20 vs. 41.96 +/- 14.72), fewer headache days over 28 days [6.00 (4.00, 8.00) vs. 9.00 (8.00, 11.00)], lower pain intensity, and fewer days of analgesic use (all p < 0.001). Caregiver burden and anxiety and depression scores were also lower (all p < 0.05). After adjustment, higher CCDI scores remained associated with lower PedMIDAS scores, fewer headache days, lower pain intensity, fewer days of analgesic use, and lower caregiver burden. Diet and lifestyle management was the most frequently searched topic (30.6%), yet only 34.4% of caregivers fully verified video recommendations with a physician. Although 90.0% of videos provided recommendations concordant with clinical guidelines or evidence-based recommendations, reliability, actionability, and nutrition follow-up remained limited; nutrition follow-up was addressed in only 23.33% of videos. CONCLUSION: Higher overall diet quality was associated with lower migraine burden and caregiver burden in children with migraine. These findings support the relevance of overall dietary assessment, while prospective studies are needed to clarify temporal and causal relationships. Short-form videos are an important source of dietary and lifestyle information for caregivers, but their reliability, actionability, and follow-up content require improvement. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Li, Liu, Jiang, Xu, Zhou and Xu. FAU - Li, Haisu AU - Li H AD - Department of Anesthesiology Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Children and Adolescents' Health and Diseases, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Neurodevelopment and Cognitive Disorders, Chongqing, China. FAU - Liu, Lan AU - Liu L AD - Department of Anesthesiology Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Children and Adolescents' Health and Diseases, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Neurodevelopment and Cognitive Disorders, Chongqing, China. FAU - Jiang, Jiayi AU - Jiang J AD - Department of Anesthesiology Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Children and Adolescents' Health and Diseases, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Neurodevelopment and Cognitive Disorders, Chongqing, China. FAU - Xu, Yumei AU - Xu Y AD - Department of Anesthesiology Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Children and Adolescents' Health and Diseases, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Neurodevelopment and Cognitive Disorders, Chongqing, China. FAU - Zhou, Dan AU - Zhou D AD - Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Dazu's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Xu, Ying AU - Xu Y AD - Department of Anesthesiology Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Children and Adolescents' Health and Diseases, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Neurodevelopment and Cognitive Disorders, Chongqing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260921 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Nutr JT - Frontiers in nutrition JID - 101642264 PMC - PMC13634853 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Chinese Children Dietary Index OT - diet quality OT - dietary management OT - pediatric migraine OT - short-form videos COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/06 11:31 MHDA- 2026/10/06 11:32 PMCR- 2026/09/21 CRDT- 2026/10/06 05:17 PHST- 2026/07/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/06 11:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/06 11:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/06 05:17 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1934926 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Nutr. 2026 Sep 21;13:1934926. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1934926. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42833415 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261010 IS - 2405-4577 (Electronic) IS - 2405-4577 (Linking) VI - 76 DP - 2026 Oct 5 TI - Anthropometric profile, severity, and concordance of MUAC and BMI-for-age classification among clinically screened pediatric patients at a tertiary care hospital in south Rajasthan: A hospital-based cross-sectional study. PG - 105167 LID - S2405-4577(26)02264-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.clnesp.2026.105167 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Undernutrition remains a leading contributor to childhood morbidity and mortality in India, and southern Rajasthan - with a large rural and tribal catchment - carries a disproportionate burden. Data describing the anthropometric profile of malnourished children who actually reach tertiary care in this region are limited. AIM: To characterise the anthropometric profile and severity of malnutrition among children undergoing clinical screening at a tertiary care hospital in South Rajasthan, to classify nutritional status using age- and sex-specific WHO z-scores, to assess agreement between mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) and BMI-for-age classification, and to examine associations between anthropometric, dietary, demographic and behavioural variables. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Pediatrics of a tertiary care teaching hospital in Udaipur, Rajasthan, over four months of data collection. One hundred and twenty-five children aged 6 months to 18 years, identified as malnourished on clinical screening, were enrolled by consecutive sampling. Weight, height, body mass index (BMI) and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) were measured by standard technique; habitual pre-illness dietary energy and protein intake were obtained by recall and compared with age-appropriate recommended allowances. Non-parametric tests, Chi-square, Spearman correlation and Cohen's kappa were used, with P < 0.05 considered significant. RESULTS: Of 125 children undergoing clinical screening (mean age 3.37 +/- 3.02 years; 59.2% male; 76.0% rural), age- and sex-specific WHO BMI-for-age z-scores (WHO Child Growth Standards for 6-60 months; WHO Growth Reference 2007 for 61-228 months) classified 31 (24.8%) as wasted and 78 (62.4%) as severely wasted, together 87.2%; 16 (12.8%) were normal. Mean BMI was 12.05 +/- 1.45 kg/m(2) and mean MUAC 12.77 +/- 2.23 cm. In the subgroup aged 6-59 months for whom WHO MUAC cut-offs are validated (n = 102), MUAC classified 31 (30.4%) as severe and 24 (23.5%) as moderate acute malnutrition; among the 91 children in this subgroup classified as wasted or severely wasted by BMI-for-age z-score, 42 (46.2%) had a MUAC value in the normal range. Agreement between MUAC and z-score-based BMI classification in this subgroup was negligible (linear-weighted kappa = 0.02; unweighted kappa = 0.03). Percentage calorie deficit correlated inversely with MUAC (rho = -0.608, P < 0.001), an association that persisted after adjusting for age (partial rho = -0.583, P < 0.001), but not with BMI. No demographic factor reached significance; age group approached it (P = 0.051). CONCLUSION: Among children undergoing clinical screening at this tertiary care centre in South Rajasthan, malnutrition was severe and predominantly acute on z-score-based BMI-for-age classification. Fixed MUAC cut-offs performed poorly outside the 6-59 month band for which they are validated, and a substantial proportion of children with acute malnutrition on BMI-for-age were not flagged by MUAC. These findings support the consideration of complementary anthropometric assessment - using MUAC alongside BMI/weight-for-height and age- and sex-specific WHO z-scores rather than raw cut-offs - particularly in primary and referral care settings serving a wide paediatric age range. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Kumar, Dinesh AU - Kumar D AD - Department of Pharmacology, Pacific College of Pharmacy, Pacific Academy of Higher Education and Research University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, 313001, India. Electronic address: 2016dineshkr@gmail.com. FAU - Singh, Anukrman AU - Singh A AD - Department of Pharmacology, Pacific College of Pharmacy, Pacific Academy of Higher Education and Research University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, 313001, India. FAU - More, S S AU - More SS AD - Department of Pediatrics, Pacific Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, 313001, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261005 PL - England TA - Clin Nutr ESPEN JT - Clinical nutrition ESPEN JID - 101654592 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Anthropometry OT - Child nutrition disorders OT - Cross-sectional studies OT - Mid-upper arm circumference OT - Rajasthan OT - Wasting syndrome COIS- Conflicts of interest There are no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/05 23:30 MHDA- 2026/10/05 23:30 CRDT- 2026/10/05 19:32 PHST- 2026/08/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/05 23:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/05 23:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/05 19:32 [entrez] AID - S2405-4577(26)02264-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.clnesp.2026.105167 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2026 Oct 5;76:105167. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2026.105167. PMID- 42833305 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261005 IS - 2589-5559 (Electronic) IS - 2589-5559 (Linking) DP - 2026 Oct 5 TI - Sex differences in MASLD and fitness improvement during a weight loss intervention for adolescents living with obesity. PG - 102059 LID - S2589-5559(26)00330-7 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jhepr.2026.102059 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The interplay between liver and muscle health is incompletely understood, especially in adolescents living with obesity. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) evaluates cardiorespiratory fitness through peak oxygen uptake ( O(2)peak). The association of baseline cardiorespiratory fitness and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), and their longitudinal co-evolution during a lifestyle intervention, have not been studied in this population. METHODS: Adolescents with obesity receiving a lifestyle intervention in a residential setting were prospectively followed for 9 - 12 months. At baseline and after 6 months, MASLD was defined as a controlled-attenuation parameter >/= 248dB/m. Cardiorespiratory fitness and body composition were assessed at the start and throughout the trajectory. RESULTS: 142 adolescents (69 boys) were included. Relative O(2)peak was 37.9 (33.5 - 42.3) vs. 43.4 (39.7 - 49.8 ; p=0.004) mL∙kg(-1)∙min(-1) [LM] in boys with and without MASLD, and respectively 36.3 (31.7 - 43.2) vs. 41.3 (34.8 - 46.2 ; p=0.055) mL∙kg(-1)∙min(-1) [LM] in girls. Oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES) was respectively 40.6 (35.8 - 46.3) vs. 46.7 (41.6 - 53.8; p=0.011) in boys and 39.1 (34.7 - 45.1) vs. 44.2 (39.1 - 50.8 ; p=0.011) in girls. For boys with MASLD, initial relative O(2)peak was the lowest for those with persistent MASLD during the lifestyle trajectory (33.5; 30.5 - 36.6 mL∙kg(-1)∙min(-1) [LM]). During the lifestyle intervention, lean body mass (LM) was preserved in boys with MASLD resolution and girls without baseline MASLD, whereas boys with persistent MASLD and girls with baseline MASLD experienced LM losses of 7 - 9%. CONCLUSION: Lower baseline cardiorespiratory fitness, independent from (fat) mass, is associated with (persistent) MASLD during a residential lifestyle intervention. LM preservation during weight loss trajectories, with concomitant improvement of maximal oxygen uptake, are important therapeutic targets. IMPACT AND IMPLICATIONS: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has become the most common liver disease in children and adolescents worldwide. Although a better cardiorespiratory fitness at the start of a lifestyle intervention is linked with more weight loss, its association with cardiometabolic health and MASLD has not been assessed. A lower initial cardiorespiratory fitness was observed in adolescents with (persistent) MASLD, and in boys with an increased transient elastography. During the lifestyle intervention, boys and girls without MASLD or boys who experience MASLD resolution preserve their lean mass. Improvement of cardiorespiratory fitness and preservation of lean mass during a structured lifestyle intervention are important therapeutic targets, and sex-specific lifestyle interventions need to be developed and validated. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Buytaert, Maarten AU - Buytaert M AD - Hepatology Research Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Liver Research Center Ghent, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium. FAU - Vandekerckhove, Kristof AU - Vandekerckhove K AD - Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium. FAU - Coomans, Ilse AU - Coomans I AD - Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium. FAU - Vangampelaere, Maxine AU - Vangampelaere M AD - Hepatology Research Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Liver Research Center Ghent, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium. FAU - Dupont, Ellen AU - Dupont E AD - Medical Department, Zeepreventorium, De Haan, Belgium. FAU - Stalpaert, Silke AU - Stalpaert S AD - Medical Department, Zeepreventorium, De Haan, Belgium. FAU - Caen, Kevin AU - Caen K AD - Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. FAU - Lefere, Sander AU - Lefere S AD - Hepatology Research Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Liver Research Center Ghent, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium. FAU - De Bruyne, Ruth AU - De Bruyne R AD - Hepatology Research Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Liver Research Center Ghent, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium. Electronic address: ruth.debruyne@uzgent.be. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261005 PL - Netherlands TA - JHEP Rep JT - JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology JID - 101761237 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - cardiorespiratory fitness OT - lifestyle intervention OT - muscle-liver axis OT - pediatric MASLD OT - pediatric obesity EDAT- 2026/10/05 23:30 MHDA- 2026/10/05 23:30 CRDT- 2026/10/05 19:29 PHST- 2026/03/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/05 23:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/05 23:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/05 19:29 [entrez] AID - S2589-5559(26)00330-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jhepr.2026.102059 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - JHEP Rep. 2026 Oct 5:102059. doi: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2026.102059. PMID- 42833270 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261005 IS - 1439-3964 (Electronic) IS - 0172-4622 (Linking) DP - 2026 Oct 5 TI - Network Analysis of Performance Interrelationships in Youth Water Polo Players. LID - 10.1055/a-2965-7430 [doi] AB - This study mapped the network of anthropometric, maturational, and neuromuscular variables in 69 male youth water polo players (mean age: 14.6+/-0.8 y) to identify key performance drivers. Researchers assessed physical measures (e.g., height, body mass, and maturation) and motor skills (e.g., handgrip, swimming speed, vertical jump, throwing velocity-only accurate throws-and throwing accuracy). A Gaussian graphical model network analysis evaluated centrality via expected influence, closeness centrality, and strength centrality. Throwing velocity emerged as the most central variable (expected influence=1.39, closeness centrality=1.51, and strength centrality=1.48), which can be interpreted as a bridge between physical and technical capacities. Maturity offset also demonstrated high centrality, highlighting the impact of biological development. Agility showed a strong negative expected influence (- 2.01), linking faster movement times to better swimming velocity and vertical power. Conversely, throwing accuracy correlated negatively with arm span and maturation, indicating technical instability during rapid growth phases. These findings offer a novel systemic perspective for coaches and practitioners, suggesting that training programs for youth water polo players should simultaneously prioritize physical conditioning, biological maturation stages, and technical skill development. CI - Thieme. All rights reserved. FAU - Vasques, Dieisson Machado AU - Vasques DM AD - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Aquatic Sports Research Group, RS, Brazil, Porto Alegre. FAU - Paixao, Diego Andrades AU - Paixao DA AD - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Aquatic Sports Research Group, RS, Brazil, Porto Alegre. FAU - Bandeira, Paulo Felipe Ribeiro AU - Bandeira PFR AD - Universidade Regional do Cariri, Department of Physical Education, CE, Brazil, Crato. FAU - Castro, Flavio A de Souza AU - Castro FAS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0848-8226 AD - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Aquatic Sports Research Group, RS, Brazil, Porto Alegre. LA - eng GR - 302743/2025-1/National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261005 PL - Germany TA - Int J Sports Med JT - International journal of sports medicine JID - 8008349 SB - IM COIS- The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/05 23:30 MHDA- 2026/10/05 23:30 CRDT- 2026/10/05 19:03 PHST- 2026/10/05 23:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/05 23:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/05 19:03 [entrez] AID - 10.1055/a-2965-7430 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Int J Sports Med. 2026 Oct 5. doi: 10.1055/a-2965-7430. PMID- 42832767 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261005 LR - 20261007 IS - 2561-6722 (Electronic) IS - 2561-6722 (Linking) VI - 9 DP - 2026 Oct 5 TI - Online Lifestyle Support for Adolescents Undergoing Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery: Pilot Prospective Cohort Study. PG - e86816 LID - 10.2196/86816 [doi] LID - e86816 AB - BACKGROUND: Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is a safe and effective treatment for adolescents with severe obesity, yet no standardized lifestyle interventions exist to support sustained behavior change after MBS. OBJECTIVE: This pilot study assessed the feasibility and acceptability of TeenLyft, an online lifestyle support program for adolescents undergoing MBS, and explored preliminary clinical and safety outcomes to inform the design of a future randomized trial. METHODS: Adolescents aged 13 to 18 years were recruited from a tertiary care MBS center and enrolled in TeenLyft. The study was not powered or designed as a randomized controlled trial but rather as a pilot to guide future randomized controlled trial development. Feasibility domains included recruitment, retention, data completeness, intervention fidelity, and engagement, with predefined progression criteria of >/=80% enrollment, >/=70% retention, >/=70% data completeness, and >/=90% fidelity. Exploratory clinical and safety measures (weight, BMI, and cardiometabolic markers) were collected descriptively to confirm that participation was not associated with harm. RESULTS: Twenty-nine adolescents (mean age 15.9 years, SD 1.1; n=22, 75.9% female; n=13, 44.8% Hispanic; mean BMI 47.8, SD 7.3 kg/m(2)) were enrolled, representing 145% of the recruitment target (n=20), with 72.4% retention at 6 months. All feasibility progression criteria were met. Descriptive trends showed expected post-MBS reductions in weight and BMI and improvements in blood pressure and hemoglobin A(1c), with no adverse cardiometabolic effects observed. CONCLUSIONS: TeenLyft demonstrated high feasibility, acceptability, and safety as an adjunct to adolescent MBS care. Findings support progression to a fully powered randomized trial to evaluate long-term effectiveness and sustainability. CI - (c) Sarah E Messiah, Jackson M Francis, Folefac D Atem, Matthew Sunil Mathew, Alicia Wheelington, Maral Misserian, Sitapriya Neti, Rashon Braxton, Bethany R Cartwright, Faisal G Qureshi, Sarah E Barlow, Marlyn A Alicock. Originally published in JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting (https://pediatrics.jmir.org). FAU - Messiah, Sarah E AU - Messiah SE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6685-2175 AD - Peter O'Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390, United States, 1 3057785309. AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States. AD - Child and Adolescent Population Health Program, Children's Health System of Texas, Dallas, TX, United States. AD - Children's Health System of Texas, Dallas, TX, United States. FAU - Francis, Jackson M AU - Francis JM AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-3840-8431 AD - Child and Adolescent Population Health Program, Children's Health System of Texas, Dallas, TX, United States. FAU - Atem, Folefac D AU - Atem FD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1142-7806 AD - University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health, Dallas, TX, United States. FAU - Mathew, Matthew Sunil AU - Mathew MS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7529-2832 AD - Child and Adolescent Population Health Program, Children's Health System of Texas, Dallas, TX, United States. FAU - Wheelington, Alicia AU - Wheelington A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1739-8759 AD - Children's Health System of Texas, Dallas, TX, United States. AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States. FAU - Misserian, Maral AU - Misserian M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8369-5132 AD - School of Allied Health Professions, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States. FAU - Neti, Sitapriya AU - Neti S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4445-3258 AD - Child and Adolescent Population Health Program, Children's Health System of Texas, Dallas, TX, United States. FAU - Braxton, Rashon AU - Braxton R AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-8397-1532 AD - University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health, Dallas, TX, United States. FAU - Cartwright, Bethany R AU - Cartwright BR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1013-9298 AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States. AD - Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States. FAU - Qureshi, Faisal G AU - Qureshi FG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7986-720X AD - Children's Health System of Texas, Dallas, TX, United States. AD - Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States. FAU - Barlow, Sarah E AU - Barlow SE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1672-2126 AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States. AD - Children's Health System of Texas, Dallas, TX, United States. FAU - Alicock, Marlyn A AU - Alicock MA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2114-6768 AD - University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health, Dallas, TX, United States. LA - eng GR - R21 HD105129/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261005 PL - Canada TA - JMIR Pediatr Parent JT - JMIR pediatrics and parenting JID - 101727244 PMC - PMC13638075 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - cardiometabolic OT - lifestyle intervention OT - metabolic and bariatric surgery OT - weight loss COIS- Conflicts of Interest: FGQ is a consultant at Ethicon Industries. All other authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/05 17:31 MHDA- 2026/10/05 17:32 PMCR- 2026/10/05 CRDT- 2026/10/05 16:33 PHST- 2025/10/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/05 17:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/05 17:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/05 16:33 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v9i1e86816 [pii] AID - 86816 [pii] AID - 10.2196/86816 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JMIR Pediatr Parent. 2026 Oct 5;9:e86816. doi: 10.2196/86816. PMID- 42830479 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261005 LR - 20261005 IS - 1523-5378 (Electronic) IS - 1083-4389 (Linking) VI - 31 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Sep-Oct TI - Epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori and Gastric Atrophy in Rural Southwestern Uganda: The ENIGMA Uganda Study. PG - e70163 LID - 10.1111/hel.70163 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Characterizing the epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and gastric atrophy (GA) is essential for informing preventive strategies in anticipation of the rising gastric cancer burden. The International Agency for Research on Cancer has initiated global studies to characterize these epidemiological patterns using a standardized framework, including in Uganda. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This population-based study included 700 individuals aged 1-69 years, randomly selected from the General Population Cohort in rural Uganda, stratified by sex and age. Participants completed a structured questionnaire to assess risk factors related to H. pylori infection and GA, underwent anthropometric measurements, and provided blood samples. Anti-H. pylori IgG antibodies were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). In individuals aged >/= 40 years, plasma pepsinogen I (PG I) and pepsinogen II (PG II) concentrations were measured by ELISA to define gastric atrophy. RESULTS: The age-standardized H. pylori seroprevalence was 76%. The crude seroprevalence was 63% in children aged 1-9 years, rose to over 80% in individuals aged 10-39 years, and then declined modestly in older age groups (73% in individuals aged >/= 40). Men aged >/= 40 years had a lower H. pylori seroprevalence compared to women aged >/= 40 years (68% vs. 78%, p < 0.05). Serologically defined GA was uncommon, with an overall prevalence of 6% (17/301; 95% CI: 3%-9%) among individuals aged >/= 40 years. Obesity (aOR 6.0, 95% CI 1.6-20.9) and less than daily chili consumption (aOR 4.3, 95% CI 1.4-14.9) were associated with higher odds of GA among participants aged >/= 40 years, after adjustment for age and sex. CONCLUSIONS: In this population-based study in rural southwestern Uganda, H. pylori infection was acquired early in life and was highly prevalent, whereas serologically defined gastric atrophy remained relatively uncommon. This distinct epidemiological pattern warrants further validation and investigation. CI - (c) 2026 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. The WHO International Agency for Research on Cancer retains copyright and all other rights in the manuscript of this article as submitted for publication. FAU - Huang, Yue AU - Huang Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0864-8990 AD - Early Detection, Prevention and Infections Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France. FAU - Knaze, Viktoria AU - Knaze V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9646-2052 AD - Early Detection, Prevention and Infections Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France. FAU - Mugisha, Joseph AU - Mugisha J AD - Uganda Research Unit, MRC/UVRI and LSHTM, Entebbe, Uganda. FAU - Navionis, Anne-Sophie AU - Navionis AS AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-9854-1114 AD - Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France. FAU - Rinaldi, Sabina AU - Rinaldi S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6846-1204 AD - Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France. FAU - Clifford, Gary M AU - Clifford GM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7534-333X AD - Early Detection, Prevention and Infections Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France. FAU - Park, Jin Young AU - Park JY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2491-5099 AD - Early Detection, Prevention and Infections Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France. FAU - Newton, Robert AU - Newton R AD - Uganda Research Unit, MRC/UVRI and LSHTM, Entebbe, Uganda. AD - University of York, York, UK. LA - eng GR - Centre International de Recherche sur le Cancer/ PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Helicobacter JT - Helicobacter JID - 9605411 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Bacterial) RN - 9001-10-9 (Pepsinogen A) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Uganda/epidemiology MH - *Helicobacter Infections/epidemiology/complications MH - Female MH - Male MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Helicobacter pylori/isolation & purification/immunology MH - Aged MH - Young Adult MH - Infant MH - Rural Population MH - Seroepidemiologic Studies MH - Antibodies, Bacterial/blood MH - *Gastritis, Atrophic/epidemiology MH - Pepsinogen A/blood MH - Risk Factors MH - Prevalence MH - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay OTO - NOTNLM OT - Helicobacter pylori OT - gastric atrophy OT - pepsinogen OT - prevalence EDAT- 2026/10/05 05:31 MHDA- 2026/10/05 05:32 CRDT- 2026/10/05 00:33 PHST- 2026/08/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/05 05:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/05 05:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/05 00:33 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/hel.70163 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Helicobacter. 2026 Sep-Oct;31(5):e70163. doi: 10.1111/hel.70163. PMID- 42830064 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261004 LR - 20261004 IS - 1512-0112 (Print) IS - 1512-0112 (Linking) IP - 376-377 DP - 2026 Jul-Aug TI - ACE I/D AND NOS3 G894T POLYMORPHISMS AND CARDIOVASCULAR ADAPTATION PROFILES IN ADOLESCENT FOOTBALL PLAYERS. PG - 281-288 AB - AIM: To assess the associations of ACE I/D (rs4646994) and NOS3 G894T (rs1799983) polymorphisms with cardiovascular adaptation profiles, autonomic regulation, exercise tolerance and responsiveness to individualized training-load correction in adolescent football players. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This controlled comparative study with an observational pre-post follow-up component included 228 male adolescents aged 13-17 years: 168 football players with at least two years of regular training and 60 non-athlete peers. The examination included anthropometry, body composition assessment, resting and exercise electrocardiography, echocardiography, short-term heart rate variability (HRV) analysis, submaximal bicycle ergometry with PWC170 and estimated VO2max, heart-rate recovery (HRR), and genotyping of ACE I/D and NOS3 G894T polymorphisms. The 3-month individualized training-load correction was analyzed as a non-randomized observational component; therefore, its results were interpreted as post-correction dynamics rather than as definitive evidence of causal efficacy. RESULTS: Football players had a lower resting heart rate than controls (58.6+/-6.8 vs 72.4+/-7.5 beats/min; p<0.001), higher PWC170 (196+/-32.6 vs 142+/-28.4 W; p<0.001), higher relative PWC170 (3.42+/-0.52 vs 2.40+/-0.46 W/kg; p<0.001), higher estimated VO2max (54.0+/-4.8 vs 42.5+/-5.2 ml/kg/min; p<0.001) and faster HRR1 (43.6+/-11.3 vs 25.3+/-10.4 beats/min; p<0.001). ACE and NOS3 genotype distributions were comparable between football players and controls. Within the athletic cohort, ACE DD and, to a lesser extent, NOS3 T-allele carriage were associated with lower SDNN, RMSSD and pNN50, higher LF/HF and less favorable diastolic indices. After three months of individualized training-load correction, positive HRV and diastolic dynamics were observed mainly in favorable and intermediate genetic profiles, whereas the unfavorable profile showed limited changes. CONCLUSION: ACE I/D and NOS3 G894T polymorphisms should not be interpreted as markers of football participation or selection. They may be considered exploratory modifiers of autonomic reserve, diastolic adaptation and response to individualized training-load monitoring. Integration of genotyping with ECG, echocardiography, HRV, HRR and PWC170 appears promising for personalized monitoring in adolescent football players but requires further external validation. The results of the dynamic stage should be interpreted as observational, since the training-load correction was not randomized. FAU - Ruziyeva, A AU - Ruziyeva A AD - 1Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Sports Medicine and Traditional Medicine of the Samarkand State Medical University, Uzbekistan. FAU - Khamidov, O AU - Khamidov O AD - 2Rehabilitology and Sports Medicine Research Institute of the Samarkand State Medical University, Uzbekistan. FAU - Murodqosimov, S AU - Murodqosimov S AD - 3Department of Biology, Samarkand State Pedagogical Institute, Uzbekistan. FAU - Doniyorov, B AU - Doniyorov B AD - 4Faculty of Medicine, Abdulla Qodiriy Jizzakh State Pedagogical University, Uzbekistan. FAU - Khalimova, F AU - Khalimova F AD - 5Department of Normal and Pathological Physiology, Medical-Social Institute of Tajikistan, Dushanbe, Tajikistan. FAU - Marwan, I AU - Marwan I AD - 6Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - Georgia (Republic) TA - Georgian Med News JT - Georgian medical news JID - 101218222 RN - EC 3.4.15.1 (Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A) RN - EC 1.14.13.39 (Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III) RN - EC 1.14.13.39 (NOS3 protein, human) RN - EC 3.4.15.1 (ACE protein, human) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Male MH - *Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A/genetics MH - *Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/genetics MH - Heart Rate/genetics/physiology MH - *Adaptation, Physiological/genetics MH - Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide MH - Athletes MH - Exercise Tolerance/genetics MH - Soccer MH - Genotype MH - Polymorphism, Genetic EDAT- 2026/10/04 23:29 MHDA- 2026/10/04 23:30 CRDT- 2026/10/04 18:43 PHST- 2026/10/04 23:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/04 23:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/04 18:43 [entrez] PST - ppublish SO - Georgian Med News. 2026 Jul-Aug;(376-377):281-288. PMID- 42829788 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261004 LR - 20261005 IS - 2277-9531 (Print) IS - 2319-6440 (Electronic) IS - 2277-9531 (Linking) VI - 15 DP - 2026 TI - Design and implementation of a pediatric failure to thrive registry system in Iran. PG - 366 LID - 10.4103/jehp.jehp_852_25 [doi] LID - 366 AB - BACKGROUND: Failure to thrive (FTT) refers to inadequate growth caused by an inability to acquire or use enough calories for growth. It refers to a failure to develop over time, which can lead to more serious problems in adulthood if left untreated. FTT is a significant global health concern, particularly in developing countries like Iran. Effective FTT management necessitates timely, inclusive, and precise data on children's FTT status. A pediatric FTT registry system is a useful tool for gathering and managing data on children with FTT. This study proposes a pediatric FTT registry system for Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A developmental-applied study was conducted in three phases during 2024. The first phase involved defining the features of a pediatric FTT registry system through interviews with experts. The second phase entailed expert validation using the Delphi method. In the third phase, the software was designed based on a conceptual model using the Hypertext Preprocessor programming language and the Laravel framework. PostgreSQL was employed as the database management system. Moreover, Nielsen's Ten Usability Heuristics was used to evaluate the software's usability from the users' perspectives. RESULTS: Experts validated the features of the pediatric FTT registry system, resulting in a framework that included eight headings, 24 sub-headings, and 117 data elements. The usability assessment of the software revealed that the highest number of issues concerned the "error prevention" indicator, whereas the "aesthetic and minimalist design" indicator presented the fewest problems and was assumed flawless. CONCLUSION: A pediatric FFT registry system contributes significantly to service planning, management, disease surveillance, and research. Accordingly, future research is recommended to investigate the feasibility of implementing the pediatric FFT registry system in Iran. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Journal of Education and Health Promotion. FAU - Khademi, Sahar AU - Khademi S AD - Department of Health Information Management, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Langarizadeh, Mostafa AU - Langarizadeh M AD - Department of Health Information Management, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Sheikhtaheri, Abbas AU - Sheikhtaheri A AD - Health Management and Economics Research Center, Health Management Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260831 PL - India TA - J Educ Health Promot JT - Journal of education and health promotion JID - 101593794 PMC - PMC13633805 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Failure to thrive OT - failure to thrive registry OT - low weight OT - registry OT - registry system OT - stunting COIS- There are no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/04 05:36 MHDA- 2026/10/04 05:37 PMCR- 2026/08/31 CRDT- 2026/10/04 04:15 PHST- 2025/05/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/07/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/04 05:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/04 05:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/04 04:15 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JEHP-15-366 [pii] AID - 10.4103/jehp.jehp_852_25 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Educ Health Promot. 2026 Aug 31;15:366. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_852_25. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42829327 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261003 IS - 1751-8431 (Electronic) IS - 1751-8423 (Linking) DP - 2026 Oct 3 TI - Clinical Relevance of the Eating and Drinking Ability Classification System in Young Children with Cerebral Palsy: Associations with Child and Family Outcomes Relevant to Rehabilitation. PG - 1-9 LID - 10.1080/17518423.2026.2738684 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The Eating and Drinking Ability Classification System (EDACS) is a validated functional classification system for assessing feeding ability in individuals with cerebral palsy (CP). Its clinical relevance in relation to broader child and family outcomes has received limited attention, particularly in young children. This study evaluated associations between EDACS and motor function, communication ability, nutritional status, behavioral profile and caregiver quality of life in young children with CP. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 100 children aged 18-60 months with CP attending a tertiary Child Development Center in North India. Of these, 49 (49%) were aged 18-35 months and 51 (51%) were aged 36-60 months; 49 (49%) were classified as GMFCS Levels IV-V. Feeding ability was classified using age-appropriate EDACS descriptors. Gross motor function and communication were assessed using GMFCS and CFCS, respectively. Nutritional status was assessed using weight-for-length/height Z scores, mid-upper arm circumference and clinical pallor. Behavioral problems and caregiver quality of life were evaluated using the Child Behavior Checklist and WHOQOL-BREF, respectively. Associations were assessed using Kruskal-Wallis and Fisher's exact tests, Spearman's rank correlation, cumulative ordinal logistic regression and linear regression. RESULTS: Increasing EDACS level was associated with poorer nutritional status, including lower weight-for-length/height Z scores, reduced mid-upper arm circumference and higher prevalence of clinical pallor (all p /= 25 kg/m(2) recruited from central Arkansas. The participants will be randomized to a standard of care group receiving standardized lactation support (N = 60); a prenatal intervention group receiving standardized lactation support + antenatal breast milk expression (ABME) between 37 weeks of gestation until birth (N = 60); or a postnatal intervention group receiving standardized lactation support + dietary meal plan designed to align with the Dietary Guidelines for Americans from 2 weeks to 6 months postpartum (N = 60). Study assessments will include repeated measures of maternal and infant anthropometrics, body composition, dietary intake, and archiving of biospecimens (blood, human milk, stool, and urine) during infancy and until 6 months postpartum. The primary outcomes are breastfeeding outcomes (initiation, duration, exclusivity) and human milk composition (macronutrients, energy, and bioactive components). Questionnaires will assess maternal demographics and socioeconomic status, breastfeeding self-efficacy, maternal depression, stress, and quality of life as well as infant feeding intention, and medical lactation history. DISCUSSION: This randomized control trial will generate novel evidence on the safety, feasibility, and effectiveness of ABME and provision of a healthy postnatal meal plan in a population at elevated risk for breastfeeding challenges. By evaluating clinical and nutritional strategies, this study will advance the understanding of how maternal behavior and physiology influence breastfeeding outcomes, human milk composition and early life programming of infant growth and development. Findings will also address critical gaps identified by the Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee by guiding nutritional recommendations for women with excess weight. The results will inform future strategies targeting short and long-term maternal-infant health outcomes. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT00616395, identifier NCT00616395. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 da Cruz, Fiecke, Fuenmayor, Beckett, Morris, Kay, Massey-Swindle, Sobik and Andres. FAU - da Cruz, Larissa Leandro AU - da Cruz LL AD - Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR, United States. AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States. FAU - Fiecke, Chelsey AU - Fiecke C AD - Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR, United States. AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States. FAU - Fuenmayor, Anni AU - Fuenmayor A AD - Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR, United States. FAU - Beckett, Emily AU - Beckett E AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States. AD - Arkansas Children's Hospital, Southwest Little Rock Community Clinic, Little Rock, AR, United States. FAU - Morris, Andrew AU - Morris A AD - Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR, United States. AD - Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States. FAU - Kay, Colin D AU - Kay CD AD - Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR, United States. AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States. FAU - Massey-Swindle, Taren AU - Massey-Swindle T AD - Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR, United States. AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States. FAU - Sobik, Sarah AU - Sobik S AD - Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR, United States. AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States. FAU - Andres, Aline AU - Andres A AD - Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR, United States. AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT00616395 PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260918 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Nutr JT - Frontiers in nutrition JID - 101642264 PMC - PMC13630693 OTO - NOTNLM OT - antenatal breastmilk expression OT - breastfeeding OT - colostrum OT - dietary intervention OT - human milk OT - lactation support OT - obesity OT - pregnancy COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/04 00:33 MHDA- 2026/10/04 00:34 PMCR- 2026/09/18 CRDT- 2026/10/03 05:50 PHST- 2026/04/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/04 00:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/04 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/03 05:50 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1854997 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Nutr. 2026 Sep 18;13:1854997. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1854997. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42827757 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261003 LR - 20261005 IS - 1664-1078 (Print) IS - 1664-1078 (Electronic) IS - 1664-1078 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Fifteen-minute recess freestyle rope skipping enhances classroom attention in junior high school students in the context of healthy school development: mechanisms and implications. PG - 1906224 LID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1906224 [doi] LID - 1906224 AB - In the context of healthy school development and the policy mandating 15-min recess physical activity for middle school students, this study employed a longitudinal quasi-experimental design to investigate the effects of 15-min recess freestyle rope skipping on middle school students' classroom attention and emotional indicators. Based on grade level and activity format (individual practice vs. group cooperation), a total of 160 students, 80 boys and 80 girls, aged 13.9 to 14.5 years, from grades 8 and 9 at a middle school in Shijiazhuang were selected and divided into four groups. A 16-week intervention involving individual vs. group freestyle rope skipping for 15 min per session was conducted. Students' recess immediate emotions, classroom academic emotions, and classroom attention were measured using validated self-report scales, specifically the Exercise-Induced Mood Scale, the Classroom Academic Emotion Scale, and the Classroom Attention Scale, at three time points (pre-intervention, mid-intervention, and post-intervention). Data were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA, correlation analysis, and mediation analysis. The results indicated that classroom attention significantly increased from 65.54 (pre-intervention) to 74.68 (post-intervention) across all groups. Classroom academic emotions and recess immediate emotions also exhibited significant changes over time, with significant time x group interaction effects, suggesting that the trajectories of change differed by grade level and activity format. Correlation analysis revealed that improvements in recess immediate emotions and classroom academic emotions were significantly positively correlated with increases in classroom attention, with the strongest correlation found between classroom academic emotions and classroom attention changes (r = 0.450, p < 0.001). Mediation analysis showed that classroom academic emotions significantly mediated the relationship between activity format and changes in classroom attention (indirect effect = 3.098, 95% CI [1.179, 5.525]), whereas the chain mediation pathway (recess immediate emotions --> classroom academic emotions --> classroom attention) was not significant. This study provides evidence that 15-min recess freestyle rope skipping is associated with improvements in middle school students' classroom attention and improve their emotional states, with the intervention effects moderated by grade level and activity format. This study provides empirical evidence for the fields of physical activity, emotion, and attention, and offers practical guidance for optimizing recess physical activities and promoting healthy school development in secondary schools. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Li, Chen, Cen and Liu. FAU - Li, Jianmin AU - Li J AD - College of Physical Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China. FAU - Chen, Xiaoting AU - Chen X AD - College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China. FAU - Cen, Wei AU - Cen W AD - College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China. FAU - Liu, Chao AU - Liu C AD - College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260918 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Psychol JT - Frontiers in psychology JID - 101550902 PMC - PMC13630699 OTO - NOTNLM OT - 15-min recess OT - classroom academic emotions OT - classroom attention OT - freestyle rope skipping OT - healthy school development COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/04 00:33 MHDA- 2026/10/04 00:34 PMCR- 2026/09/18 CRDT- 2026/10/03 05:49 PHST- 2026/06/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/04 00:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/04 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/03 05:49 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1906224 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Psychol. 2026 Sep 18;17:1906224. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1906224. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42827730 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261003 LR - 20261005 IS - 1664-0640 (Print) IS - 1664-0640 (Electronic) IS - 1664-0640 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Predicting multiple mental health outcomes in adolescents using explainable machine learning models. PG - 1923390 LID - 10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1923390 [doi] LID - 1923390 AB - INTRODUCTION: Adolescent mental health problems, including depression, anxiety, and stress, are an increasing public health concern, yet the factors associated with different mental health outcomes may vary across domains. This study investigated shared and outcome-specific predictive features of depression, anxiety, perceived stress, and psychological well-being using explainable machine learning models. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,088 adolescents aged 13-18 years recruited from secondary schools in Wuhan, China, using multistage cluster sampling. Participants completed validated measures of emotional dysregulation, loneliness, social media addiction, self-esteem, sleep quality, academic stress, family support, physical activity, and mental health outcomes. Four algorithms-linear regression, support vector regression, Random Forest, and XGBoost-were trained using an 80/20 train-test split with five-fold cross-validation, and model performance was evaluated using test-set R(2), RMSE, and MAE. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) were used to examine feature contributions. To minimize target leakage, outcome-specific feature sets were used, with PSQI and RSES excluded from the depression model because of direct or substantial conceptual overlap with PHQ-9 content, and PSQI excluded from the well-being model because of overlap with WHO-5 content. RESULTS: XGBoost showed the strongest out-of-sample predictive performance across all four outcomes, explaining 49% of the variance in depression (R(2) = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.44-0.53; RMSE = 3.52; MAE = 2.81), 55% in anxiety (R(2) = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.50-0.59; RMSE = 3.04; MAE = 2.47), 60% in perceived stress (R(2) = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.56-0.64; RMSE = 3.71; MAE = 2.87), and 50% in psychological well-being (R(2) = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.45-0.54; RMSE = 3.38; MAE = 2.68). DISCUSSION: Emotional dysregulation and loneliness were consistently among the most influential features, while academic stress, family support, social media addiction, self-esteem, and sleep quality showed outcome-specific contributions. SHAP rankings for the depression model were stable across five-fold cross-validation, with emotional dysregulation and loneliness consistently occupying the highest ranks. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Dong, Meng, Wang, Yan and Liu. FAU - Dong, Xiaojie AU - Dong X AD - Department of Psychiatry, Ward 1, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China. FAU - Meng, Jing AU - Meng J AD - Department of Psychiatry, Ward 1, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China. FAU - Wang, Peng AU - Wang P AD - Department of Psychiatry, Ward 1, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China. FAU - Yan, Chuandong AU - Yan C AD - Department of Psychiatry, Ward 1, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China. FAU - Liu, Xiaobo AU - Liu X AD - Department of Medical Administration, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260918 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Psychiatry JT - Frontiers in psychiatry JID - 101545006 PMC - PMC13631644 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescent OT - emotional dysregulation OT - loneliness OT - machine learning OT - mental health OT - predictive modeling COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/04 00:33 MHDA- 2026/10/04 00:34 PMCR- 2026/09/18 CRDT- 2026/10/03 05:43 PHST- 2026/06/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/04 00:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/04 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/03 05:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1923390 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Psychiatry. 2026 Sep 18;17:1923390. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1923390. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42827629 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261003 LR - 20261005 IS - 1664-2392 (Print) IS - 1664-2392 (Electronic) IS - 1664-2392 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Maternal SO(2) exposure and birthweight reduction during COVID-19 lockdown and quarantine in East China. PG - 1954694 LID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1954694 [doi] LID - 1954694 AB - BACKGROUND: Low birthweight remains a global public health challenge. While maternal exposure to certain air pollutants is known to adversely affect fetal growth, the association with sulfur dioxide (SO(2)) has been inconsistent. The COVID-19 lockdown provided a unique quasi-natural experiment to reassess the relationship under altered emission patterns. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 21, 777 term singleton births in Southern Zhejiang Province, East China, from 2020 to 2022. We estimated maternal SO(2) exposure using a time-activity weighted model based on residential and work addresses. Associations with low and high birthweight risks were evaluated using linear regression and odds ratios. Three machine learning models were used to assess whether incorporating SO(2) exposure improved birthweight prediction accuracy. RESULTS: The COVID-19 lockdown was associated with a significant 28% reduction in annual mean atmospheric SO(2) levels. Maternal SO(2) exposure during the third trimester showed the most substantial negative association with birthweight, particularly in female neonates, and was associated with increased odds of LBW in both sexes. Feature importance showed SO(2) played a modest but nonnegligible role. Adding SO(2) exposure as a predictor improved birthweight prediction, with XGBoost achieving the highest accuracy. CONCLUSION: We found the susceptible windows of maternal SO(2) exposure for birthweight reduction and LBW risks. Incorporating air pollution exposure into predictive models can enhance the identification of high-risk pregnancies, supporting targeted clinical and environmental interventions. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Feng, Liang, Wang, Shen and Yang. FAU - Feng, Rui AU - Feng R AD - School of Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China. FAU - Liang, Fengbing AU - Liang F AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. AD - Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Precise Protection and Promotion of Fertility, Hangzhou, China. AD - Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health and Disease, Hangzhou, China. FAU - Wang, Xinhui AU - Wang X AD - School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. FAU - Shen, Jiandong AU - Shen J AD - Hangzhou Environmental Monitoring Central Station, Hangzhou, China. FAU - Yang, Cuiyu AU - Yang C AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. AD - Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Precise Protection and Promotion of Fertility, Hangzhou, China. AD - Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health and Disease, Hangzhou, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260918 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) JT - Frontiers in endocrinology JID - 101555782 RN - 0UZA3422Q4 (Sulfur Dioxide) RN - 0 (Air Pollutants) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Sulfur Dioxide/adverse effects/analysis MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/prevention & control MH - China/epidemiology MH - *Birth Weight/drug effects MH - *Maternal Exposure/adverse effects MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Pregnancy MH - Infant, Newborn MH - *Quarantine MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Male MH - Adult MH - *Infant, Low Birth Weight MH - *Air Pollutants/adverse effects PMC - PMC13630596 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 lockdown OT - air pollution OT - birthweight prediction OT - machine learning OT - odds ratio OT - sulfur dioxide COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/04 00:33 MHDA- 2026/10/04 00:34 PMCR- 2026/09/18 CRDT- 2026/10/03 05:30 PHST- 2026/07/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/04 00:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/04 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/03 05:30 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1954694 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2026 Sep 18;17:1954694. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2026.1954694. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42827615 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261003 LR - 20261006 IS - 1664-2392 (Print) IS - 1664-2392 (Electronic) IS - 1664-2392 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - A novel method based on ultrasound radiomics for predicting attainment of near-adult height in adolescents. PG - 1925196 LID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1925196 [doi] LID - 1925196 AB - OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to develop and validate a novel ultrasound radiomics model for predicting the attainment of near-adult height (NAH) in adolescents. METHODS: This dual-center prospective cohort study enrolled 192 adolescents aged 11.0-18.0 years. Standardized ultrasound examinations of the ulnar growth plate region were performed, and 475 radiomic features were extracted. Feature selection was conducted using Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) algorithm with 5-fold cross-validation. Seven machine learning algorithms were compared to develop predictive models. Three models were constructed: clinical (sex and bone age), radiomics (Rad-score), and combined (sex, bone age, and Rad-score). Model performance was evaluated using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis. RESULTS: Three stable radiomic features were selected with selection frequency >/=80%: wavelet-LH_glcm_Imc2, wavelet-LL_ngtdm_Busyness, and wavelet-HL_firstorder_Energy. The combined model demonstrated superior performance, achieving AUCs of 0.981 (95% CI: 0.948-1.000) in the validation set, with sensitivity of 90% and specificity of 100%. Multivariate analysis identified independent positive predictors including Rad-score (OR = 3.28, P = 0.013) and bone age (OR = 2.65, P < 0.001). And male sex was a significant negative predictor (OR = 0.15, P = 0.005). CONCLUSION: The combined ultrasound radiomics machine learning model achieved excellent predictive performance for NAH attainment in adolescents. The non-ionizing ultrasound approach enables repeated dynamic monitoring, and the derived nomogram facilitates individualized risk stratification in routine pediatric practice. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Zhang, Zhao, Sun, Zhang, Yang, Pan, Chen, Li and Yang. FAU - Zhang, Yixuan AU - Zhang Y AD - Department of Ultrasound, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Zhao, Zeqing AU - Zhao Z AD - Department of Ultrasound, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Sun, Yuxin AU - Sun Y AD - Department of Anesthesiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Zhang, Li AU - Zhang L AD - Department of Ultrasound, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Yang, Yamei AU - Yang Y AD - Department of Ultrasound, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Pan, Hui AU - Pan H AD - Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Chen, Shi AU - Chen S AD - Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Li, Jianchu AU - Li J AD - Department of Ultrasound, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Yang, Xiao AU - Yang X AD - Department of Ultrasound, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. AD - Zhangzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260918 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) JT - Frontiers in endocrinology JID - 101555782 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Body Height/physiology MH - *Growth Plate/diagnostic imaging MH - Machine Learning MH - Prospective Studies MH - *Radiomics MH - Ultrasonography/methods PMC - PMC13630604 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescent growth assessment OT - machine learning OT - near-adult height OT - predictive model OT - ultrasound radiomics COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/04 00:33 MHDA- 2026/10/04 00:34 PMCR- 2026/09/18 CRDT- 2026/10/03 05:29 PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/31 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/04 00:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/04 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/03 05:29 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1925196 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2026 Sep 18;17:1925196. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2026.1925196. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42827605 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261003 LR - 20261005 IS - 1664-2392 (Print) IS - 1664-2392 (Electronic) IS - 1664-2392 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Near-final adult height after GnRHa plus growth hormone in central precocious puberty: a single-center cohort study and predicted adult height validation audit. PG - 1885575 LID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1885575 [doi] LID - 1885575 AB - BACKGROUND: Whether adjunctive recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) improves near-final adult height (NFAH) during gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog (GnRHa) therapy for central precocious puberty (CPP) remains uncertain, and predicted adult height (PAH) may reflect treatment selection and prognosis. METHODS: We analyzed a single-center retrospective cohort of 235 children with CPP who initiated GnRHa between January 2018 and December 2020. The primary endpoint was chart-recorded NFAH in the female-only maturity-ascertained cohort (n = 91); the criterion-confirmed all-sex set included 94 patients. The primary adjusted model (M2) included treatment, baseline age, body mass index (BMI), IGF-1, BA-CA, and baseline height; baseline bone age was not entered separately because bone age = chronological age + BA-CA. Missing baseline covariates were handled using 20 imputations by chained equations. Height gain and change in height standard deviation score (SDS) from baseline to 24 months were secondary outcomes. Results: Mean NFAH was 160.17 cm with GnRHa alone and 161.87 cm with GnRHa + rhGH. The adjusted M2 association was +2.26 cm (95% CI 0.12 to 4.40); the chart-PAH-conditioned M3 estimate was +0.58 cm (-1.60 to 2.75) and was treated as diagnostic. At 24 months, M2 estimates were +3.23 cm (2.00 to 4.46) for height gain, +3.24 cm (2.03 to 4.46) in analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) of attained height, and +0.46 SDS (0.27 to 0.66). In the criterion-confirmed female bone-age cohort, M2 estimates were +0.00 years (-0.27 to 0.27) for bone age at 24 months and -0.14 years (-0.30 to 0.03) for bone-age progression. CONCLUSIONS: Adjunctive rhGH was associated with greater growth over 24 months and a positive, imprecisely estimated NFAH difference. Because this was an observational study, ascertainment criteria were heterogeneous, and the NFAH estimate was sensitive to PAH adjustment and criterion restriction, the adult-height finding should be interpreted cautiously. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Jin, Wang, Qian, Zhang, Liu and Yang. FAU - Jin, Peili AU - Jin P AD - Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Wang, Duomei AU - Wang D AD - Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Qian, Minyan AU - Qian M AD - Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Zhang, Huimin AU - Zhang H AD - Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Liu, Chang AU - Liu C AD - Medical Affairs Department, GeneScience Pharmaceuticals, Changchun, Jilin, China. FAU - Yang, Rongwei AU - Yang R AD - Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260918 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) JT - Frontiers in endocrinology JID - 101555782 RN - 33515-09-2 (Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone) RN - 12629-01-5 (Human Growth Hormone) RN - 0 (Puberty Inhibitors) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Puberty, Precocious/drug therapy MH - Female MH - *Body Height/drug effects MH - *Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/analogs & derivatives/therapeutic use/administration & dosage MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Human Growth Hormone/administration & dosage/therapeutic use MH - Puberty Inhibitors MH - Child MH - Puberty Suppression MH - Male MH - Cohort Studies MH - Prognosis MH - Adult PMC - PMC13630612 OTO - NOTNLM OT - central precocious puberty OT - confounding by indication OT - gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog OT - growth hormone OT - near-final adult height OT - observational methods OT - predicted adult height OT - validation audit COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/04 00:33 MHDA- 2026/10/04 00:34 PMCR- 2026/09/18 CRDT- 2026/10/03 05:28 PHST- 2026/05/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/04 00:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/04 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/03 05:28 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1885575 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2026 Sep 18;17:1885575. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2026.1885575. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42826378 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261002 LR - 20261019 IS - 1929-0748 (Electronic) IS - 1929-0748 (Linking) VI - 15 DP - 2026 Oct 2 TI - Development and Validation of an Extraoral Condyle Locating Device and Its Effect on Low-Level Laser Therapy in Patients With Skeletal Class II Malocclusion: Protocol for a 2-Phase Randomized Controlled Trial. PG - e94481 LID - 10.2196/94481 [doi] LID - e94481 AB - BACKGROUND: Precise localization of the mandibular condyle is essential for extraoral therapeutic procedures such as low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in patients with skeletal class II malocclusion undergoing myofunctional appliance therapy. Conventional localization methods rely on palpation and visual estimation, which are operator dependent and may compromise reproducibility and treatment outcomes. To address this limitation, a spectacle-mounted extraoral condyle locating device (EOCLD) has been developed to facilitate accurate and consistent condylar targeting. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to develop and validate the EOCLD for precise condylar localization and evaluate its impact on the clinical efficacy of LLLT in patients with skeletal class II malocclusion undergoing myofunctional appliance therapy. METHODS: This 2-phase study will be conducted in patients aged 10 to 13 years in a growth phase with skeletal class II malocclusion. In phase 1, the EOCLD will be evaluated for accuracy and reproducibility using standardized lateral cephalometric imaging. In phase 2, a prospective randomized controlled trial will be conducted in which participants undergoing myofunctional appliance therapy will be randomly allocated to either EOCLD-guided LLLT or conventional unguided LLLT. Skeletal and dentoalveolar changes will be assessed using standardized cephalometric analyses, while condylar growth and mandibular changes will be evaluated using pretreatment and posttreatment cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging. Treatment duration, patient-reported comfort, and compliance will also be assessed. RESULTS: The study is self-funded and received approval from the institutional ethics committee on November 28, 2025. Phase 1 data collection took place from May 21 to August 30, 2026, with EOCLD validation performed in 50 participants. As of September 2026, the data are undergoing statistical analysis. Phase 2 is scheduled to commence on December 1, 2026. CONCLUSIONS: This study will establish the clinical validity of the EOCLD and determine whether guided LLLT enhances treatment efficiency and skeletal outcomes in skeletal class II therapy. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinical Trials Registry-India CTRI/2026/02/102982; https://tinyurl.com/4t3bwrnz. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): PRR1-10.2196/94481. CI - (c)Shilpa Kendre, Pallavi Daigavane. Originally published in JMIR Research Protocols (https://www.researchprotocols.org), 02.10.2026. FAU - Kendre, Shilpa AU - Kendre S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4024-1744 AD - Department of Orthodontics, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, Maharashtra, India. FAU - Daigavane, Pallavi AU - Daigavane P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7205-8154 AD - Department of Orthodontics, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, Maharashtra, India. LA - eng PT - Clinical Trial Protocol PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261002 PL - Canada TA - JMIR Res Protoc JT - JMIR research protocols JID - 101599504 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Cephalometry/methods MH - *Low-Level Light Therapy/methods/instrumentation MH - *Malocclusion, Angle Class II/therapy MH - *Mandibular Condyle/diagnostic imaging MH - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Validation Studies as Topic PMC - PMC13675681 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CBCT OT - EOCLD OT - LLLT OT - condylar growth OT - condylar localization OT - cone beam computed tomography OT - extraoral condyle locating device OT - functional orthopedics OT - laser-assisted orthodontics OT - low-level laser therapy OT - myofunctional appliance therapy OT - randomized controlled trial OT - skeletal class II COIS- Conflicts of Interest: None declared. EDAT- 2026/10/02 17:30 MHDA- 2026/10/02 23:30 PMCR- 2026/10/02 CRDT- 2026/10/02 16:53 PHST- 2026/03/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/10/02 23:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/02 17:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/02 16:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v15i1e94481 [pii] AID - 10.2196/94481 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JMIR Res Protoc. 2026 Oct 2;15:e94481. doi: 10.2196/94481. PMID- 42825020 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261002 LR - 20261003 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Liver transplantation-related osteoporosis and fragility fractures: pathogenic pathways, risk stratification and novel targeted therapy advances. PG - 1965784 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1965784 [doi] LID - 1965784 AB - Liver transplantation (LT) serves as the definitive treatment for end-stage liver disease. Yet, osteoporosis (OP) and fragility fractures remain frequently overlooked skeletal complications that may impair the long-term prognosis of recipients. This review systematically summarizes recent evidence regarding epidemiological characteristics, multifactorial pathogenic pathways, risk stratification approaches, and advances in targeted interventions for LT-related bone disorders. Skeletal damage distributes across pre-transplant waiting, early post-transplant acute and long-term chronic phases; rapid bone loss and elevated fracture risk potentially peak within the first year after LT. Pre-transplant hepatic dysfunction-induced malnutrition, endocrine disturbance, and chronic inflammation lay baseline skeletal impairment. In contrast, perioperative high-dose glucocorticoids, calcineurin inhibitor toxicity, surgical denervation, and ischemia-reperfusion injury may jointly drive substantial elevation of bone turnover in the early post-transplant stage. Long-term cortical bone repair deficiency could be attributed to persistent secondary hyperparathyroidism, post-transplant diabetes, and genetic susceptibility. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry remains the standard bone mineral density diagnostic tool, while vertebral computed tomography attenuation value and simplified clinical scoring systems support auxiliary risk stratification for skeletal health. Generalized nutritional and lifestyle interventions combined with anti-resorptive agents form mainstream management schemes; DKK-1/Wnt/beta-catenin pathway-targeted therapy shows potential as a novel intervention direction. Pediatric LT recipients feature unique bone maturation characteristics that require age-specific evaluation criteria, though unified standardized protocols remain insufficient. Current clinical practice suffers from inadequate bone health screening and pharmacotherapy coverage. Further prospective trials are warranted to validate optimized stratified screening algorithms and individualized targeted regimens for high-risk LT populations. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Wang and Wang. FAU - Wang, Meiqi AU - Wang M AD - Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China. FAU - Wang, Qi AU - Wang Q AD - Department of Donation Intensive Care Unit, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260917 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Liver Transplantation/adverse effects MH - *Osteoporosis/etiology/therapy/epidemiology/diagnosis MH - *Osteoporotic Fractures/etiology/therapy MH - Risk Assessment MH - Risk Factors MH - Animals MH - Bone Density PMC - PMC13628645 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Wnt/beta-Catenin pathway OT - bone mineral density OT - fragility fracture OT - hepatic osteodystrophy OT - liver transplantation OT - osteoporosis OT - risk stratification COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/02 13:37 MHDA- 2026/10/02 13:38 PMCR- 2026/09/17 CRDT- 2026/10/02 07:06 PHST- 2026/08/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/02 13:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/02 13:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/02 07:06 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1965784 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2026 Sep 17;17:1965784. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1965784. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42824923 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261002 LR - 20261003 IS - 1664-2392 (Print) IS - 1664-2392 (Electronic) IS - 1664-2392 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Predictors of treatment response to semaglutide for weight management. PG - 1893511 LID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1893511 [doi] LID - 1893511 AB - The emergence of weekly, injectable glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists has revolutionized the obesity management landscape. Numerous studies have shown high efficacy as well as great variability in weight loss, highlighting the need for this mini review, summarizing current evidence about predictors of semaglutide-related weight loss. The first well-known determinant of semaglutide-induced weight loss is the presence of type 2 DM which is associated with significantly lower body weight reduction. The second predictor is sex, with females exhibiting a greater weight loss than males by a mean 6%. In addition, higher maintenance dose of 7.2 mg is superior to standard 2.4 mg dose in weight reduction by a mean 3%. There is no clear association of age and baseline body mass index with the magnitude of semaglutide-driven weight loss, except for the possibility of adolescence enhancing and overweight reducing this treatment effect. The potential impact of genetic polymorphisms of individual treatment response to semaglutide remains incompletely understood, limited so far to a modest effect of specific variants in GLP1 receptor gene. Another potential predictor of response could be obesity phenotype, with preliminary data supporting greater effectiveness of semaglutide in individuals with ''hungry gut'' phenotype. Type of lifestyle modification does not seem to have a significant effect on the variability of semaglutide-driven weight loss. Further studies are needed to expand knowledge about predictors of response to semaglutide, paving the way for validated predictive models in order to guide clinical decision-making and provision of personalized obesity care. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Tzoulis. FAU - Tzoulis, Ploutarchos AU - Tzoulis P AD - Research Department of Experimental and Translational Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260917 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) JT - Frontiers in endocrinology JID - 101555782 RN - 53AXN4NNHX (Semaglutide) RN - 62340-29-8 (Glucagon-Like Peptides) RN - 0 (Anti-Obesity Agents) RN - 0 (Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists) RN - 0 (Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor) SB - IM MH - Semaglutide MH - Humans MH - *Glucagon-Like Peptides/therapeutic use MH - *Obesity/drug therapy MH - *Weight Loss/drug effects MH - *Anti-Obesity Agents/therapeutic use MH - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy MH - Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists MH - Treatment Outcome MH - Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor/genetics PMC - PMC13628350 OTO - NOTNLM OT - GLP-1 agonist OT - antiobesity agent OT - obesity OT - semaglutide OT - weight loss COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/02 13:36 MHDA- 2026/10/02 13:37 PMCR- 2026/09/17 CRDT- 2026/10/02 06:56 PHST- 2026/05/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/02 13:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/02 13:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/02 06:56 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1893511 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2026 Sep 17;17:1893511. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2026.1893511. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42824713 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261002 LR - 20261004 IS - 2666-142X (Electronic) IS - 2666-142X (Linking) VI - 11 DP - 2026 Dec TI - Background and design of the empowering cardiovascular health in grandfamilies (ECHG) study: A mixed methods study research protocol. PG - 100654 LID - 10.1016/j.ijnsa.2026.100654 [doi] LID - 100654 AB - A steady increase in the number of grandparent caregivers - accelerated by recent trends such as children orphaned by the COVID-19 pandemic or the opioid crisis - magnifies the importance of addressing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in that already at high-risk group. However, few efforts have directly addressed the specific cardiac health needs of grandparent primary caregivers (or custodial grandparents). In this paper, we describe the research protocol for the Rural Caregiver Heart Health Education (RICHH) intervention for implementation with grandparent caregivers (RICHH-GP) study funded by the National Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood. This study will tailor an existing CVD risk reduction intervention (RICHH) for implementation with grandparent primary caregivers and then test the modified design for feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy. The expected outcome of RICHH-GP is to establish the groundwork for an expanded future clinical trial in which we will test effectiveness with a longer follow-up and with increased inclusivity of participants from marginalized populations. The specific aims are: 1) modify the RICHH intervention to target custodial grandparents from a variety of backgrounds; 2) employ the tailored intervention and assess its feasibility and acceptability via a 2-arm randomized controlled trial; 3) test the preliminary efficacy of RICHH-GP based on measures of CVD risk (physical activity, dietary intake, nicotine exposure, sleep, body mass index, lipids, blood pressure, and HbA1c), self-management behaviors, and depressive symptoms at 4- and 6-months compared to baseline and; 4) (exploratory) examine the proximal impact of the RICHH-GP intervention on CVD risk and depressive symptoms on a subsample of grandchildren of the grandparent participants. The ultimate objectives of this work are to prevent CVD-related morbidity and mortality and overall physical decline, improve psychological well-being among grandparent caregivers, and foster a more heart-healthy environment in grandfamilies. CI - (c) 2026 The Authors. FAU - Song, MinKyoung AU - Song M AD - School of Nursing, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA. FAU - Hansen, Lissi AU - Hansen L AD - School of Nursing, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA. FAU - Musil, Carol M AU - Musil CM AD - Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA. FAU - Dieckmann, Nathan F AU - Dieckmann NF AD - School of Nursing, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA. FAU - Rosenkranz, Susan J AU - Rosenkranz SJ AD - School of Nursing, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA. FAU - Moser, Debra K AU - Moser DK AD - College of Nursing, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, USA. LA - eng GR - R34 HL177243/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260812 PL - England TA - Int J Nurs Stud Adv JT - International journal of nursing studies advances JID - 101769252 PMC - PMC13629207 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cardiovascular diseases OT - Caregivers OT - Grandparents OT - Randomized controlled trial COIS- The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/10/02 13:36 MHDA- 2026/10/02 13:37 PMCR- 2026/08/12 CRDT- 2026/10/02 06:39 PHST- 2026/07/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/02 13:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/02 13:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/02 06:39 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2666-142X(26)00175-X [pii] AID - 100654 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ijnsa.2026.100654 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Nurs Stud Adv. 2026 Aug 12;11:100654. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnsa.2026.100654. eCollection 2026 Dec. PMID- 42824389 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261020 LR - 20261020 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Improvements in body composition and postural control in children with obesity following an AI-assisted, deficit-oriented exercise intervention. PG - 1886988 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1886988 [doi] LID - 1886988 AB - OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of an AI-assisted, individualized exercise management model on body composition, physical fitness, and postural stability in children with obesity, providing a feasibility foundation for subsequent randomized controlled trials. METHODS: A single-group, pre-post pilot study was conducted. Nineteen children with simple obesity (7 girls, 12 boys; mean age 10.11 +/- 2.0 years) from West China Second Hospital (July-September 2024) completed a 12-week exercise intervention. The AI system generated individualized FITT-VP prescriptions based on baseline assessments and dynamically adjusted them via training feedback, with on-site coach implementation. Outcomes were measured pre- and post-intervention. RESULTS: All 19 children completed the intervention with no adverse events. Primary outcomes: BMI decreased from 25.29 +/- 3.56 to 23.64 +/- 3.60 kg/m(2) (p < 0.001, d = 0.46), and body fat mass from 21.06 +/- 6.70 to 17.94 +/- 6.69 kg (p < 0.001, d = 0.47). Secondary outcomes: waist circumference (p < 0.01, d = 0.31), grip strength (p < 0.01, d = 0.54), 1-min jump rope (p < 0.01, d = 1.15), 1-min sit-ups (p < 0.05, d = 1.00), and sit-and-reach (p < 0.05, d = 0.67) all improved significantly. In the eight-directional postural control assessment, endpoint excursion and maximum excursion exhibited improvement trends in all directions, and reaction time was significantly reduced in four directions (p < 0.05). In the Sensory Organization Test, the mean balance percentages for SOT-4 and SOT-5 significantly increased (p < 0.01, d = 1.05 and d = 0.58, respectively), and the composite balance score increased by 24.15% (p < 0.001, d = 1.28). The visual ratio significantly increased by 19.5% (p < 0.05, d = 0.80), whereas the vestibular ratio increased by 15.3%, approaching but not reaching statistical significance (p = 0.054, d = 0.43). CONCLUSION: The AI-assisted, deficit-oriented exercise intervention demonstrated good feasibility and safety in this cohort of children with obesity. The observed improvements in body composition, motor function, and postural control indicators provide a feasibility basis for subsequent confirmatory trials on precision exercise management for childhood obesity. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Cao, Cheng, Deng, Ren, Zhang and Li. FAU - Cao, Lixin AU - Cao L AD - School of Sport Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Jianyang, Sichuan Province, China. FAU - Cheng, Xingxing AU - Cheng X AD - School of Sport Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Jianyang, Sichuan Province, China. FAU - Deng, Changqing AU - Deng C AD - School of Sport Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Jianyang, Sichuan Province, China. FAU - Ren, Yuexin AU - Ren Y AD - School of Sport Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Jianyang, Sichuan Province, China. FAU - Zhang, Shunjiu AU - Zhang S AD - School of Sport Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Jianyang, Sichuan Province, China. FAU - Li, Lunyu AU - Li L AD - School of Sport Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Jianyang, Sichuan Province, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260917 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 SB - IM MH - *Body Composition/physiology MH - *Postural Balance/physiology MH - *Pediatric Obesity/therapy MH - Physical Fitness/physiology MH - Body Mass Index MH - Pilot Projects MH - Artificial Intelligence MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Child PMC - PMC13627403 OTO - NOTNLM OT - AI-assisted decision support system OT - childhood obesity OT - deficit-oriented OT - postural control OT - precision exercise intervention COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/02 13:37 MHDA- 2026/10/02 13:38 PMCR- 2026/09/17 CRDT- 2026/10/02 06:06 PHST- 2026/05/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/02 13:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/02 13:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/02 06:06 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1886988 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2026 Sep 17;14:1886988. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1886988. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42824331 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261002 LR - 20261003 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Predicting metabolic syndrome in adolescents from device-measured 24-h movement behaviors: a machine learning approach. PG - 1928562 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1928562 [doi] LID - 1928562 AB - OBJECTIVE: To develop and internally evaluate a non-invasive machine-learning model for identifying metabolic syndrome (MS) in adolescents using 24-h movement behaviors and non-invasively measured physical characteristics. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 822 adolescents aged 12-15 years recruited in Tianjin, China, from September 2023 to September 2025. Movement behaviors were assessed using ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometers, body composition was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and MS was diagnosed according to the 2007 International Diabetes Federation criteria. LASSO regression was used for feature selection, and 13 machine-learning algorithms were compared. SMOTETomek was used during model development to address class imbalance. Performance was evaluated using stratified five-fold cross-validation and a held-out internal test set. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) were used to interpret model predictions. RESULTS: LASSO retained eight predictors: waist circumference, body fat percentage (FAT%), weight, age, moderate physical activity (MPA), vigorous physical activity, sleep duration, and sex. Extra Trees achieved the best cross-validation performance, with a mean AUC of 0.749 (SD, 0.043) and an F1 score of 0.798 (SD, 0.028). Its relative advantage may reflect the ability of randomized tree ensembles to capture nonlinear relationships and feature interactions while reducing variance through aggregation. In the held-out internal test set, the model achieved an AUC of 0.864, accuracy of 92.02%, specificity of 93.33%, and sensitivity of 76.92%. The lower sensitivity relative to accuracy and specificity indicates that some adolescents with MS may remain undetected. SHAP ranked FAT% as the most influential predictor (mean absolute SHAP value, 0.08) and MPA as the leading movement-behavior predictor (0.04), thereby improving the transparency of model predictions. CONCLUSIONS: The Extra Trees model showed moderate cross-validation discrimination and stronger performance in the internal test set, although this difference warrants cautious interpretation. SHAP improved model transparency by identifying FAT% and MPA as influential predictors. Multicenter external validation and feasibility assessment are required before large-scale screening. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Cao, Feng, Wang and Wang. FAU - Cao, Liquan AU - Cao L AD - Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, China. AD - Tianjin Key Laboratory of Sports and Health Integration and Health Promotion, Tianjin, China. FAU - Feng, Zhanpeng AU - Feng Z AD - Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, China. AD - Tianjin Key Laboratory of Sports and Health Integration and Health Promotion, Tianjin, China. FAU - Wang, Jing AU - Wang J AD - Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, China. FAU - Wang, Yun AU - Wang Y AD - Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260917 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Metabolic Syndrome/diagnosis MH - Adolescent MH - *Machine Learning MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - Male MH - China MH - Predictive Learning Models MH - Child MH - *Exercise/physiology MH - Accelerometry MH - Absorptiometry, Photon MH - Prediction Algorithms PMC - PMC13627327 OTO - NOTNLM OT - 24-hour movement behaviors OT - SHAP OT - adolescent OT - machine learning OT - metabolic syndrome COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/02 13:37 MHDA- 2026/10/02 13:38 PMCR- 2026/09/17 CRDT- 2026/10/02 05:59 PHST- 2026/07/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/02 13:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/02 13:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/02 05:59 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1928562 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2026 Sep 17;14:1928562. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1928562. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42824137 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261002 LR - 20261003 IS - 1664-2392 (Print) IS - 1664-2392 (Electronic) IS - 1664-2392 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Mediating role of peripheral thyroid hormone conversion efficiency in the association between BMI and IGF-1 in children with growth retardation: a cross-sectional study. PG - 1941425 LID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1941425 [doi] LID - 1941425 AB - OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between body mass index (BMI) standard deviation score (SDS) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) SDS and whether thyroid hormones mediate it, focusing on the peripheral conversion marker free triiodothyronine/free thyroxine (FT3/FT4) ratio, in prepubertal children (2.0-9.0 years) with height SDS < -1.0. METHODS: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 1,242 such children. Restricted cubic splines assessed the BMI-IGF-1 relationship, and Bootstrap mediation (5,000 resamples) tested indirect effects of FT3/FT4, FT3, FT4, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), adjusted for sex, age and height SDS. Reverse mediation, subgroup, interaction, Monte Carlo power, and E-value sensitivity analyses were also performed. RESULTS: A significant linear positive association was found (P-overall < 0.001; P-nonlinear = 0.0719). FT3/FT4 and FT3 showed significant partial mediation, accounting for 9.12% (P < 0.001) and 11.60% (P = 0.0108) of the total effect, respectively; TSH and FT4 did not. Sensitivity analyses confirmed robustness after stricter prepubertal cutoffs and exclusion of overweight/obese children. Notably, only FT3/FT4 remained significant after excluding suspected Growth Hormone Deficiency (GHD) (IGF-1 SDS < -2.0). The FT3/FT4 ratio remained a significant mediator across all subgroup analyses. Reverse mediation analysis yielded a substantially smaller indirect effect in the reverse direction. E-values for FT3/FT4 and FT3 were 1.0764 and 1.0609, respectively. CONCLUSION: In this growth-retarded prepubertal cohort, BMI and IGF-1 are linearly associated. The FT3/FT4 ratio is statistically supported as a partial mediator with moderate effect size but strong statistical robustness, while the central TSH pathway is uninvolved, supporting a peripheral "thrifty" regulatory strategy and offering a potential target for nutritional intervention. These mediation findings reflect statistical associations and require prospective validation. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Zhang and Liu. FAU - Zhang, Mengying AU - Zhang M AD - Department of Child Health Care; Clinical Research Center of Child Health Care and Developmental & Behavioral Disorders, Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China. FAU - Liu, Hua AU - Liu H AD - Department of Child Health Care; Clinical Research Center of Child Health Care and Developmental & Behavioral Disorders, Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260917 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) JT - Frontiers in endocrinology JID - 101555782 RN - 67763-96-6 (Insulin-Like Growth Factor I) RN - 0 (Thyroid Hormones) RN - 0 (IGF1 protein, human) RN - Q51BO43MG4 (Thyroxine) RN - 06LU7C9H1V (Triiodothyronine) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/metabolism/analysis MH - Female MH - *Body Mass Index MH - Child MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Child, Preschool MH - Male MH - *Growth Disorders/blood/metabolism MH - *Thyroid Hormones/blood/metabolism MH - Thyroxine/blood MH - *Triiodothyronine/blood PMC - PMC13627020 OTO - NOTNLM OT - FT3/FT4 ratio OT - body mass index OT - growth retardation OT - insulin-like growth factor-1 OT - mediation analysis OT - prepubertal children COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/02 13:37 MHDA- 2026/10/02 13:38 PMCR- 2026/09/17 CRDT- 2026/10/02 05:30 PHST- 2026/07/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/31 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/02 13:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/02 13:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/02 05:30 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1941425 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2026 Sep 17;17:1941425. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2026.1941425. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42823739 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261002 LR - 20261004 IS - 2052-1847 (Print) IS - 2052-1847 (Electronic) IS - 2052-1847 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Aug 25 TI - A comparative study on executive function of adolescent athletes in different winter sports. LID - 10.1186/s13102-026-02004-0 [doi] LID - 455 AB - OBJECTIVE: To explore the differential characteristics of executive function among adolescent athletes in three winter sports (ice hockey, figure skating, and speed skating), and to analyze the correlation between training experience and each subcomponent of executive function. METHODS: A convenience sampling method was adopted to select 199 adolescent winter sport athletes in Chengdu, Sichuan Province as participants (92 ice hockey athletes, 39 figure skating athletes, and 68 speed skating athletes). The Flanker task, 2-back task, and More-odd shifting task were used to assess the athletes' inhibitory control, working memory, and cognitive flexibility, respectively. One-way ANOVA, generalized linear model (control variables included age, gender, training experience, body mass index, family economic status and negative emotions) and partial Pearson correlation analysis were used for data analysis. RESULTS: Ice hockey athletes exhibited significantly shorter response times than speed skating athletes under both congruent (beta = -90.03, P = 0.012) and incongruent conditions (beta = -83.38, P = 0.010). Figure skating athletes had significantly lower accuracy than speed skating athletes under the congruent condition (beta = -7.60, P = 0.011), and their accuracy was also lower than that of ice hockey athletes (P = 0.021). The accuracy of both ice hockey (beta = 5.75, P = 0.018) and figure skating athletes (beta = 7.57, P = 0.009) was significantly higher than that of speed skating athletes. Figure skating athletes showed significantly better performance in response time than speed skating athletes under the size shifting (beta = -148.01, P < 0.001) and parity shifting conditions (beta = -111.49, P = 0.011), and their response time under the size shifting condition was shorter than that of ice hockey athletes (P = 0.036). Ice hockey athletes had a significantly shorter response time than speed skating athletes under the size-parity shifting condition (beta = -170.49, P = 0.004). In addition, no significant correlation was found between training years and executive function (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: There were significant sport-specific differences in the executive function performance of adolescent athletes in different winter sports. This study can provide preliminary reference evidence and testable research hypotheses for subsequent research on specialized training optimization, cognitive intervention development and athletic talent identification among adolescent winter sport athletes. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Wang, Jin AU - Wang J AD - School of Leisure Sports, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, China. FAU - Wang, Fa AU - Wang F AD - School of Leisure Sports, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, China. FAU - Gao, Ge AU - Gao G AD - School of Winter Sports, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China. FAU - Liu, Chao AU - Liu C AD - School of Winter Sports, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China. FAU - Shi, Peng AU - Shi P AD - School of Physical Education, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China. 1658585524@qq.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260825 PL - England TA - BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil JT - BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation JID - 101605016 PMC - PMC13632377 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent athletes OT - Brain OT - Cognitive science OT - Executive function OT - Winter sports COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was conducted in strict accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Chengdu Sport University. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants and their guardians prior to participation. Consent for publication: All participants and their legal guardians have approved the publication of relevant research data in anonymized form, and written consent for publication has been obtained. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/10/02 05:31 MHDA- 2026/10/02 05:32 PMCR- 2026/08/25 CRDT- 2026/10/02 00:53 PHST- 2026/04/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/02 05:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/02 05:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/02 00:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s13102-026-02004-0 [pii] AID - 2004 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s13102-026-02004-0 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2026 Aug 25;18(1):455. doi: 10.1186/s13102-026-02004-0. PMID- 42823676 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261002 LR - 20261003 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Aug 13 TI - Artificial intelligence attitudes in relation to Mediterranean diet adherence and environmental footprints: a cross-sectional study. LID - 10.1186/s12889-026-28997-4 [doi] LID - 2730 AB - OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between attitudes towards artificial intelligence and adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MD), carbon footprint awareness and environmental footprint awareness among adults. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Ankara, Turkey, using snowball sampling and an online questionnaire. The study included 1350 adults aged 18-65 years. Data were collected through a questionnaire containing demographic information, self-report anthropometric measurements, and validated scales. Artificial Intelligence Attitude Scale, Ecological Footprint Awareness Scale, Carbon Footprint Awareness Scale, and Mediterranean Diet Adherence Scale (MEDAS) were used in the study. RESULTS: Of the participants, 76.7% were female and 23.3% were male. Participants with adequate MD adherence (MEDAS >/= 7) were older, had higher BMI, and demonstrated higher ecological and carbon footprint awareness than those with lower adherence. AIAS-4 scores were similar between the MD adherence groups despite a weak negative correlation between AI attitudes and MEDAS scores (rho = -0.057, p = 0.037). AI attitudes were positively correlated with ecological (rho = 0.091, p < 0.001) and carbon footprint awareness (rho= 0.058, p = 0.032). In the multivariable linear regression model, ecological footprint awareness was independently associated with age (B = 0.229, p < 0.001), AIAS-4 (B = 1.151, p < 0.001), carbon footprint awareness (B = 1.331, p < 0.001), and male gender (B = - 4.186, p = 0.002), whereas MD adherence, education level, and AI use frequency were not significant predictors. The model explained 31.0% of the variance in ecological footprint awareness (R(2) = 0.310, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Positive attitudes toward artificial intelligence were associated with greater ecological and carbon footprint awareness but with slightly lower adherence to the Mediterranean diet. In contrast, greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet was positively associated with environmental footprint awareness. Carbon footprint awareness emerged as the strongest independent predictor of ecological footprint awareness. These findings provide preliminary evidence that attitudes toward artificial intelligence, dietary behavior, and environmental sustainability awareness are interrelated, although the observed associations were generally small and should be interpreted cautiously. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Arslan, Neslihan AU - Arslan N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1232-8009 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gulhane Health Sciences Faculty, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey. akdeniz.neslihan91@gmail.com. FAU - Celik, Ozge Mengi AU - Celik OM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0298-9591 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gulhane Health Sciences Faculty, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Guler, Ummugulsum AU - Guler U AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-3352-6047 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gulhane Health Sciences Institute, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Ekici, Emine Merve AU - Ekici EM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5409-6309 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gulhane Health Sciences Faculty, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260813 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Middle Aged MH - Female MH - *Diet, Mediterranean/statistics & numerical data/psychology MH - Adult MH - *Artificial Intelligence MH - Turkey MH - Adolescent MH - Aged MH - Young Adult MH - *Carbon Footprint/statistics & numerical data MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Patient Compliance/statistics & numerical data/psychology PMC - PMC13628745 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Artificial intelligence OT - Carbon footprint OT - Ecological footprint OT - Mediterranean diet COIS- Declarations. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Ethics approval and consent to participate: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The study was conducted with the approval of the University of Health Sciences Gulhane Scientific Research Ethics Committee, numbered 2025/357. Informed consent was obtained from all participants included in the study EDAT- 2026/10/02 05:31 MHDA- 2026/10/02 05:32 PMCR- 2026/08/13 CRDT- 2026/10/02 00:38 PHST- 2026/04/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/02 05:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/02 05:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/02 00:38 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-28997-4 [pii] AID - 28997 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-28997-4 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2026 Aug 13;26(1):2730. doi: 10.1186/s12889-026-28997-4. PMID- 42821542 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261001 LR - 20261003 IS - 2767-3375 (Electronic) IS - 2767-3375 (Linking) VI - 6 IP - 10 DP - 2026 TI - Rapid diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis on induced sputum in children in a high burden setting for HIV and malnutrition. PG - e0007271 LID - 10.1371/journal.pgph.0007271 [doi] LID - e0007271 AB - Microbiological diagnosis of childhood pulmonary tuberculosis can be challenging. We investigated the accuracy of Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra on the induced sputum, focused on high-risk groups (infants, malnourished children, and those living with HIV), where data is limited. Children (under 15 years) investigated for pulmonary tuberculosis at Dora Nginza Hospital, South Africa, were prospectively enrolled between January 2018 and January 2024, and followed up for 12 months. Induced sputa were tested with liquid culture and Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra (Ultra). Children were categorized with confirmed, unconfirmed, or unlikely tuberculosis, according to NIH consensus definitions. Ultra diagnostic accuracy was calculated against culture, with analysis by high-risk subgroups. Of 636 children (median age, 27.4 (IQR 11.8-61.6) months), 173 (27.2%) were classified with confirmed TB, 384 (60.4%) with unconfirmed TB, and 79 (12.4%) with unlikely TB. There were 223 (37.8%) children underweight-for-age, 168 (26.5%) living with HIV, and 163 (25.6%) infants. Of 557 children with TB, 145 (26.0%) were confirmed on induced sputa; with 137/557 (24.6%) confirmed on Ultra (46.0%; 63/137, of which were "trace positive"), and 88/557 (15.8%), on culture. Of those confirmed, 57/145 (39.3%) were Ultra positive, culture negative - contributing 10.2% to the overall yield. Ultra performed better in children over 5 years and with weight-for-height Z-scores < -3. Overall, Ultra sensitivity was 90.9% (95%CI 82.9-96.0) and specificity, 89.6% (95%CI 86.7-92.0), with high accuracy across high-risk groups. Mortality amongst children treated for PTB was 4.9% (27/557) with aRR highest for stunted children (7.3; 95% CI, 2.2-24.2), followed by children with HIV (3.5; 95% CI, 1.6-7.5), and infants (3.3; 95% CI, 1.6-6.7). Ultra on induced sputum was feasible, with high yield and diagnostic accuracy for high-risk children. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Luiz et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Luiz, Juaneta AU - Luiz J AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-7921-8129 AD - Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, and South African Medical Research Council Unit on Child & Adolescent Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa. AD - Department of Paediatrics, Dora Nginza Hospital, Gqeberha, South Africa. FAU - Workman, Lesley J AU - Workman LJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3433-6106 AD - Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, and South African Medical Research Council Unit on Child & Adolescent Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa. FAU - Baard, Cynthia B AU - Baard CB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4747-7610 AD - Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, and South African Medical Research Council Unit on Child & Adolescent Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa. FAU - Hlombe, Yekiwe AU - Hlombe Y AD - Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, and South African Medical Research Council Unit on Child & Adolescent Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa. AD - Department of Paediatrics, Dora Nginza Hospital, Gqeberha, South Africa. FAU - Prins, Margaretha AU - Prins M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-9755-9614 AD - Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, and South African Medical Research Council Unit on Child & Adolescent Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa. FAU - Makubalo, Nomlindo AU - Makubalo N AD - Department of Paediatrics, Dora Nginza Hospital, Gqeberha, South Africa. FAU - Jaganath, Devan AU - Jaganath D AD - Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, United States of America. AD - Center for Tuberculosis, Institute for Global Health Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, United States of America. FAU - Cattamanchi, Adithya AU - Cattamanchi A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6553-2601 AD - Center for Tuberculosis, Institute for Global Health Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, United States of America. AD - Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, United States of America. FAU - Nicol, Mark P AU - Nicol MP AD - Division of Medical Microbiology and Institute for Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town and National Health Laboratory Services, Cape Town, South Africa. AD - Marshall Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia. FAU - Zar, Heather J AU - Zar HJ AD - Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, and South African Medical Research Council Unit on Child & Adolescent Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa. LA - eng GR - R01 AI152161/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261001 PL - United States TA - PLOS Glob Public Health JT - PLOS global public health JID - 9918283779606676 PMC - PMC13630226 COIS- I have read the journal's policy and the authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: DJ serves on the editorial board of PLOS Global Public Health. This did not alter the author's adherence to all PLOS Global Public Health policies on data and material sharing, and DJ was not involved in the peer review or editorial decision-making process for this manuscript. The remaining authors (JL, LJW, CBB, YH, MP, NM, AC, MPN, and HJZ) have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/10/02 03:09 MHDA- 2026/10/02 03:10 PMCR- 2026/10/01 CRDT- 2026/10/01 19:20 PHST- 2026/02/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/02 03:10 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/02 03:09 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/01 19:20 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PGPH-D-26-00364 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pgph.0007271 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLOS Glob Public Health. 2026 Oct 1;6(10):e0007271. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0007271. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42819986 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261001 LR - 20261001 IS - 2296-861X (Print) IS - 2296-861X (Electronic) IS - 2296-861X (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2026 TI - The "pro-inflammatory imprint" of ultra-processed food exposure: a review of mechanisms affecting child and adolescent health and development via the gut microbiome-inflammation axis. PG - 1843587 LID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1843587 [doi] LID - 1843587 AB - The prevalence of ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption in pediatric diets has raised significant concerns regarding long-term health. This review examines evidence for a proposed 'pro-inflammatory imprint' involving the gut microbiome-inflammation axis. Using a structured narrative synthesis of pediatric observational evidence, adult intervention studies, preclinical research, multi-omics data, and public health evaluations, we examine associations between UPF exposure and metabolic, inflammatory, cognitive, and neurodevelopmental outcomes while distinguishing direct from indirect evidence. We propose the Pediatric-Specific Integrated Dietary Inflammatory Index (cP-IDII) as an unvalidated, hypothesis-generating research framework for integrating reproducible nutrient- and processing-related dietary exposures; downstream microbial, intestinal-barrier, inflammatory, metabolic, and immune measures are reserved for external validation. Furthermore, we discuss the role of commercial determinants and environmental factors in shaping child health. The synthesis identifies measurement gaps and complementary policy entry points across product composition, food environments, affordability, and marketing. Empirical development and external validation are required before the cP-IDII can be used for clinical, epidemiological, or public health decision-making. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Liu, Luo, Yan, Yang, Long, Yang, He and Tao. FAU - Liu, Qinghua AU - Liu Q AD - College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China. FAU - Luo, Lijiao AU - Luo L AD - College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China. FAU - Yan, Zhiwen AU - Yan Z AD - Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Yang, Pan AU - Yang P AD - Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Long, Teng AU - Long T AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition, People's Hospital of Chongqing, Hechuan, Chongqing, China. FAU - Yang, Yuntao AU - Yang Y AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition, People's Hospital of Chongqing, Hechuan, Chongqing, China. FAU - He, Min AU - He M AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition, People's Hospital of Chongqing, Hechuan, Chongqing, China. FAU - Tao, Li AU - Tao L AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition, People's Hospital of Chongqing, Hechuan, Chongqing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260916 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Nutr JT - Frontiers in nutrition JID - 101642264 PMC - PMC13625691 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) OT - childhood obesity OT - food environment OT - gut-brain axis OT - metabolic programming OT - neurodevelopment OT - ultra-processed foods COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/02 03:09 MHDA- 2026/10/02 03:10 PMCR- 2026/09/16 CRDT- 2026/10/01 17:31 PHST- 2026/03/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/02 03:10 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/02 03:09 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/01 17:31 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1843587 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Nutr. 2026 Sep 16;13:1843587. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1843587. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42823283 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261001 IS - 1879-730X (Electronic) IS - 1879-7296 (Linking) DP - 2026 Oct 1 TI - A pilot feasibility study of awake laryngeal ultrasonography in children. LID - S1879-7296(26)00180-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.anorl.2026.09.004 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Flexible nasal laryngoscopy is the gold standard examination for laryngeal assessment, but can be uncomfortable, poorly tolerated or even refused by children. Ultrasonography is non-invasive and well-tolerated and could provide an alternative. Data in children, however, are scarce. AIMS: To assess the feasibility of in-office ultrasonography in children for the identification of laryngeal structures using reference imaging planes, and to determine factors influencing examination quality. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A single-center non-interventional prospective pilot feasibility study of a diagnostic tool was conducted in children aged 0 to 15 years. Ultrasonographic images were evaluated by the performing operator and by a second blinded observer using recorded sequences. Qualitative data and inter-rater agreement were expressed as percentages. Association was assessed by logistic regression, with the significance threshold set at 1%. RESULTS: One hundred and forty children were included. The 5 ultrasound planes - axial glottic, subglottic and tracheal, and sagittal median and paramedian - allowed visualization of the thyroid, cricoid and arytenoid cartilage and vocal fold mobility in more than 95% of cases for both assessors. Age and gender effects differed between assessors, while BMI showed no significant effect. Calcification foci, without posterior acoustic shadowing, did not interfere with structural analysis. CONCLUSION: We demonstrated the feasibility of pediatric laryngeal ultrasonography using 5 reference planes, enabling visualization of laryngeal structures regardless of calcifications. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. FAU - Shan, C AU - Shan C AD - Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie et chirurgie cervico-faciale, centre hospitalo-universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France. Electronic address: constancesh31@gmail.com. FAU - Sagardoy, T AU - Sagardoy T AD - Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie et chirurgie cervico-faciale, centre hospitalo-universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France. FAU - Soualhi, A AU - Soualhi A AD - Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie et chirurgie cervico-faciale, centre hospitalo-universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261001 PL - France TA - Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis JT - European annals of otorhinolaryngology, head and neck diseases JID - 101531465 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Flexible nasal laryngoscopy OT - Laryngeal ultrasound OT - Pediatric ENT OT - Pediatrics COIS- Disclosure of interest The authors declare that they have no competing interest. EDAT- 2026/10/01 23:30 MHDA- 2026/10/01 23:30 CRDT- 2026/10/01 22:03 PHST- 2026/10/01 23:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/01 23:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/01 22:03 [entrez] AID - S1879-7296(26)00180-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.anorl.2026.09.004 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis. 2026 Oct 1:S1879-7296(26)00180-8. doi: 10.1016/j.anorl.2026.09.004. PMID- 42818738 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261001 LR - 20261002 IS - 2296-861X (Print) IS - 2296-861X (Electronic) IS - 2296-861X (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2026 TI - Body roundness index and adolescent metabolic syndrome: dose-response analysis and serum biomarker mediation. PG - 1930822 LID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1930822 [doi] LID - 1930822 AB - BACKGROUND: The Body Roundness Index (BRI) combines waist circumference and height into a single geometric measure that is intended to reflect visceral adiposity. Its ability to predict metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adolescents and the biological processes that mediate this association have not been well defined. We tested the BRI-MetS relationship in Chinese adolescents, compared BRI with body mass index (BMI), and examined whether circulating biomarkers mediated this association. METHODS: This cross-sectional study recruited 914 Chinese adolescents (53.2% boys) aged 11-16 years. MetS was defined according to Chinese pediatric guidelines (CN2025) and the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria. Associations and predictive performance were assessed using logistic regression, restricted cubic splines (RCS), and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Subgroup analyses were stratified by sex and BMI category. Potential mechanistic pathways involving 22 serum biomarkers were investigated by correlation networks, hierarchical clustering, and two-stage mediation models. RESULTS: BRI was positively associated with MetS (CN2025: OR = 3.63 per unit, 95%CI 2.91-4.53; IDF: OR = 2.64, 95%CI 2.14-3.26). RCS demonstrated non-linear dose-response relationship, with an acceleration in risk beyond BRI of approximately 4.0. BRI outperformed BMI in discriminating MetS (AUC 0.873 vs. 0.835, p = 0.005), especially among normal-weight participants (OR = 3.48, p < 0.001). Sex stratification showed that BRI was associated with hypertriglyceridemia and hypertension in male adolescents (p < 0.001) but not in female adolescents. We identified three biomarker co-expression modules: the upward module (ALT, FINS, and UA) mediated 52.9% of the association between BRI and hypertriglyceridemia and 54.1-59.5% of the association between BRI and hypertension; SFRP5 and irisin mediated the associations of BRI with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and HDL-cholesterol, respectively. CONCLUSION: BRI may be a better predictor of MetS in Chinese adolescents, particularly when MetS is defined using domestic criteria. Its predictive power was greatest among normal-weight adolescents and varied by sex. Exploratory mediation analyses identified the metabolic-inflammatory axis and protective adipokines as key mediators, suggesting hypothesis-generating targets for interventions to improve adolescent metabolic health that require longitudinal validation. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Yao, Wang, Zhou, Wang, Wang and Du. FAU - Yao, Hui AU - Yao H AD - Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China. FAU - Wang, Yiwen AU - Wang Y AD - Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China. FAU - Zhou, Fang AU - Zhou F AD - Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China. FAU - Wang, Fei AU - Wang F AD - Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China. FAU - Wang, Xiaochen AU - Wang X AD - Department of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial People's Hospital, Shenyang, China. FAU - Du, Runyu AU - Du R AD - Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260916 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Nutr JT - Frontiers in nutrition JID - 101642264 PMC - PMC13623853 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adipokine OT - adolescent OT - body roundness index OT - dose-response analysis OT - mediation analysis OT - metabolic syndrome OT - restricted cubic spline COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/01 11:37 MHDA- 2026/10/01 11:38 PMCR- 2026/09/16 CRDT- 2026/10/01 10:15 PHST- 2026/07/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/01 11:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/01 11:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/01 10:15 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1930822 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Nutr. 2026 Sep 16;13:1930822. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1930822. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42815717 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261027 IS - 2352-3840 (Electronic) IS - 1499-2671 (Linking) DP - 2026 Sep 30 TI - Comparing Physical Activity and Sedentary Time in Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes Using Different Accelerometer Data Processing Protocols. LID - S1499-2671(26)00368-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jcjd.2026.09.005 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Regular physical activity (PA) is crucial for managing type 1 diabetes (T1D), yet many children fail to achieve the recommended 60 min of daily moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA). Device-based (accelerometry) measurement of PA and sedentary time (SED) may be influenced by analytical decisions (e.g. cut points), but less is known about these methodological effects in children with T1D. This study aims to 1) compare the effects of different accelerometer data processing protocols on PA and SED estimates and 2) evaluate how these variations influence the proportion of children with T1D meeting PA guidelines. METHODS: Participants aged 7 to 17 years with T1D (n=43; 49% female; 13.7+/-2.3 years) wore an ActiGraph accelerometer on their right hip for 7 days. ActiLife software processed data according to 8 published protocols to classify SED, light PA (LPA), and MVPA. Linear mixed-effects models compared activity time estimates across protocols, and Cochran's Q test assessed differences in the proportion meeting PA guidelines. RESULTS: SED, LPA, and MVPA estimates differed significantly across protocols (p<0.001), with mean daily SED ranging from 438 to 700 min, LPA from 82 to 329 min, and MVPA from 16 to 193 min. Protocol choice also influenced the proportion of participants meeting the MVPA guidelines (Q(7)=172.0, n=31, p<0.001), with some methods consistently classifying more participants as meeting recommendations than others. CONCLUSIONS: This study addresses gaps in accelerometer-based research by identifying protocol-specific variability in activity measurement in children with T1D. Without criterion reference measures, it remains unclear which protocols provide the most accurate estimates. Future research should incorporate validation methods to strengthen methodological decision-making. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Sedarous, Eden AU - Sedarous E AD - Child Health & Exercise Medicine Program, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Letts, Elyse AU - Letts E AD - Child Health & Exercise Medicine Program, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Byra, Madelyn M AU - Byra MM AD - Child Health & Exercise Medicine Program, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Ball, Elizabeth AU - Ball E AD - Child Health & Exercise Medicine Program, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. FAU - McAssey, Karen AU - McAssey K AD - Department of Pediatrics, McMaster Children's Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Timmons, Brian W AU - Timmons BW AD - Child Health & Exercise Medicine Program, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Obeid, Joyce AU - Obeid J AD - Child Health & Exercise Medicine Program, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address: obeidj@mcmaster.ca. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260930 PL - Canada TA - Can J Diabetes JT - Canadian journal of diabetes JID - 101148810 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - cut point OT - device-based measurement OT - moderate-to-vigorous physical activity OT - pediatric chronic disease OT - wear-time validation EDAT- 2026/09/30 23:30 MHDA- 2026/09/30 23:30 CRDT- 2026/09/30 19:32 PHST- 2026/05/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/30 23:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/30 23:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/30 19:32 [entrez] AID - S1499-2671(26)00368-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jcjd.2026.09.005 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Can J Diabetes. 2026 Sep 30:S1499-2671(26)00368-0. doi: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2026.09.005. PMID- 42814958 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260930 LR - 20261002 IS - 1929-0748 (Electronic) IS - 1929-0748 (Linking) VI - 15 DP - 2026 Sep 30 TI - Fascial Manipulation Compared to Stretching for Rehabilitation of Children With Cerebral Palsy: Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. PG - e92401 LID - 10.2196/92401 [doi] LID - e92401 AB - BACKGROUND: Maintaining and improving motor function is essential in the rehabilitation of children with cerebral palsy (CP). Stretching is traditionally used to prevent muscle tightness and contractures to improve movement patterns in children with CP. Fascial manipulation (FM) is an increasingly used manual therapy method for movement difficulties associated with CP. However, evidence for FM remains limited, and its benefits over conventional stretching are unclear. A pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) is warranted to assess the feasibility and acceptability of a definitive trial comparing FM with stretching. This study protocol describes a pilot randomized controlled feasibility trial comparing FM and stretching in children with CP to inform the design and conduct of a future definitive RCT. OBJECTIVE: The primary objective is to assess the feasibility and acceptability of the trial procedures and interventions. This includes evaluating recruitment and retention rates, intervention adherence, completion rates for outcome assessments, and the perceived impact of the interventions on children's daily functioning and participation. The secondary objective is to explore the preliminary acute and longitudinal effects of FM, compared with traditional stretching, on walking performance, gait biomechanics, joint mobility, and the variability in these outcome measures. METHODS: This pilot RCT will include 20 children aged 7 to 14 years with spastic CP, randomized to an FM intervention group (n=10) and a stretching group (n=10). Both groups will receive 1 treatment session per week for 8 weeks. Feasibility and acceptability will be assessed using quantitative measures of recruitment and retention, intervention adherence, and completion of outcome assessments, complemented by semistructured interviews with caregivers and the children's regular physiotherapists to explore perceived changes in the children's daily functioning and participation, and their experiences of the interventions. Secondary outcomes include the 6-minute walk test (6MWT), walking metabolic cost, gait biomechanics, ankle spasticity, muscle activity, joint stiffness, and functional mobility in daily life. Acute outcomes will be assessed before and after the first intervention session, while longitudinal outcomes will be assessed at baseline and following the 8-week intervention period. RESULTS: Recruitment of participants began in October 2024, with 3 additional participants required to reach the target sample size. Results are expected to be published in 2027. CONCLUSIONS: This pilot RCT will provide essential feasibility data and preliminary estimates of potential treatment effects to inform the design of a future adequately powered RCT. To our knowledge, evidence regarding the effects of FM on gait, mobility, and function in children with CP remains limited. This study aims to contribute to the development of evidence-based rehabilitation strategies for children with CP. CI - (c) Karin von Smitten-Stubb, Joachim Ring, Piia Haakana, Heikki Hurri, Mira Huusko, Ira Jeglinsky-Kankainen, Jyrki Kettunen, Juha-Pekka Kulmala, Taru Laakso, Tiina Lahtinen-Suopanki, Essi Marttinen Rossi, Helena Maenpaa, Tuula Niemela, Mika Peltoniemi, Leena Ristolainen, Petri Salonen, Eva Teijonsalo, Nita Tolvanen. Originally published in JMIR Research Protocols (https://www.researchprotocols.org). FAU - von Smitten-Stubb, Karin AU - von Smitten-Stubb K AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-7359-4709 AD - University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Uusimaa, Finland. FAU - Ring, Joachim AU - Ring J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1557-5152 AD - Arcada University of Applied Sciences, Helsinki, Uusimaa, Finland. FAU - Haakana, Piia AU - Haakana P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0005-3834 AD - Helsinki Children's Hospital, Stenbackinkatu 9, Helsinki, Uusimaa, Finland, 358 40 4863595. FAU - Hurri, Heikki AU - Hurri H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1672-6960 AD - Research Institute Orton, Helsinki, Finland. FAU - Huusko, Mira AU - Huusko M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2726-7250 AD - Finnish Education Evaluation Centre, Helsinki, Finland. FAU - Jeglinsky-Kankainen, Ira AU - Jeglinsky-Kankainen I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2162-4168 AD - Arcada University of Applied Sciences, Helsinki, Uusimaa, Finland. FAU - Kettunen, Jyrki AU - Kettunen J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4155-7150 AD - Research Institute Orton, Helsinki, Finland. FAU - Kulmala, Juha-Pekka AU - Kulmala JP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1881-4689 AD - Helsinki Children's Hospital, Stenbackinkatu 9, Helsinki, Uusimaa, Finland, 358 40 4863595. FAU - Laakso, Taru AU - Laakso T AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-4824-873X AD - Terapia-asema Voima Oy, Espoo, Finland. FAU - Lahtinen-Suopanki, Tiina AU - Lahtinen-Suopanki T AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-5871-1622 AD - Independent physiotherapist, Helsinki, Finland. FAU - Rossi, Essi Marttinen AU - Rossi EM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7811-875X AD - Helsinki Children's Hospital, Stenbackinkatu 9, Helsinki, Uusimaa, Finland, 358 40 4863595. FAU - Maenpaa, Helena AU - Maenpaa H AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-5505-3489 AD - Motion Analysis Laboratory, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. AD - University of Helsinki, Children and Adolescent, Helsinki, Finland. FAU - Niemela, Tuula AU - Niemela T AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-5873-5295 AD - Helsinki Children's Hospital, Stenbackinkatu 9, Helsinki, Uusimaa, Finland, 358 40 4863595. FAU - Peltoniemi, Mika AU - Peltoniemi M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-6582-1817 AD - Helsinki Children's Hospital, Stenbackinkatu 9, Helsinki, Uusimaa, Finland, 358 40 4863595. FAU - Ristolainen, Leena AU - Ristolainen L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3041-260X AD - Research Institute Orton, Helsinki, Finland. FAU - Salonen, Petri AU - Salonen P AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-0970-7876 AD - Research Institute Orton, Helsinki, Finland. FAU - Teijonsalo, Eva AU - Teijonsalo E AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-2032-1325 AD - Terapia-asema Voima Oy, Espoo, Finland. FAU - Tolvanen, Nita AU - Tolvanen N AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-5405-2348 AD - Independent physiotherapist, Helsinki, Finland. LA - eng PT - Clinical Trial Protocol PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260930 PL - Canada TA - JMIR Res Protoc JT - JMIR research protocols JID - 101599504 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Cerebral Palsy/rehabilitation/physiopathology MH - Child MH - Pilot Projects MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - *Muscle Stretching Exercises MH - Male MH - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic MH - Feasibility Studies MH - *Musculoskeletal Manipulations/methods PMC - PMC13626396 OTO - NOTNLM OT - cerebral palsy rehabilitation OT - fascial manipulation OT - range of motion OT - spasticity OT - stretching OT - walking COIS- Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare the following potential conflict of interest: NT is a self-employed physiotherapist who provides fascial manipulation treatment in her professional practice, including as an intervention provider in this study. To minimize potential bias, she was not involved in the analysis or interpretation of the study outcomes. The other authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/30 17:32 MHDA- 2026/09/30 17:33 PMCR- 2026/09/30 CRDT- 2026/09/30 16:24 PHST- 2026/01/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/30 17:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/30 17:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/30 16:24 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v15i1e92401 [pii] AID - 92401 [pii] AID - 10.2196/92401 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JMIR Res Protoc. 2026 Sep 30;15:e92401. doi: 10.2196/92401. PMID- 42814674 OWN - NLM STAT- In-Process LR - 20260930 IS - 1423-0143 (Electronic) IS - 1420-4096 (Linking) VI - 51 IP - 1 DP - 2026 TI - Erratum. PG - 915-922 LID - 10.1159/kbr/adjag008 [doi] AB - In the article "Lipids and Lipid Metabolites in the Diagnosis, Risk Prediction, and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease and Acute Kidney Injury: A Narrative Review" [Kidney Blood Press Res. 2026;51:567-588. https://doi.org/10.1159/000552568] by Erfurt et al. Table 1 was incorrectly transferred during the production process. A corrected version of Table 1 is available below.Table 1.Summaries of all studies discussed, including design and outcomesReferenceDesignMethodologyMain findingsConclusionDiagnostic and prognostic role of fatty acids and their metabolites in CKDShearer et al. [36] (2012)Comparison of plasma fatty acid (FA) profiles in patients with stage 3-4 CKD (n = 10), stage 5 CKD near dialysis initiation (n = 20; one excluded for poor FA recovery), and 10 non-CKD controls from Karolinska prospective cohorts (mean follow-up for stage 5 = 2.7+/-1.7 years)FAs measured by gas chromatography; eGFR (MDRD) and FA relationships assessed using Deming orthogonal regression and Cox models (age-adjusted)Stage 5 CKD patients had lower relative abundances of polyunsaturated Fas - especially arachidonate synthesis intermediates - and lower stearic acid; EPA was lower in stage 5 vs. stage 3-4 and controls. Monounsaturated FAs showed opposing trends with declining eGFR (palmitate decreased, oleic acid increased). Nervonic acid abundance was a strong age-adjusted predictor of mortality in dialysis patientsMetabolic intermediates of arachidonic acid synthesis are reduced in CKDNervonic acid significantly predicts all-cause mortalityAfshinnia et al. [39] (2016)Nested case-control study used fasting serum from a subcohort of the CRIC cohort to identify lipidomic predictors of progression to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD)LC-MS shotgun lipidomics510 lipids detected (382 after filtering); 49 showed nominal differences between progressors and nonprogressors. Statistical selection combined t tests with FDR correction, PLS-DA, and Random Forest, and candidates were tested in logistic regression models adjusted for eGFR, UPCR, demographics, diabetes, hypertension, and heart failure. Two diacylglycerols (DAG 36:0 and DAG 32:0) were lower in progressors and each 1-SD higher level was associated with substantially reduced progression risk; monoacylglycerol MAG 16:0 was higher in progressors and associated with increased risk. Class-level findings showed enrichment and differential regulation of cholesterol esters, DAGs, and phosphatidylethanolamines, with chain length and unsaturation patterns differing between groupsMultimarker lipid panels significantly improve discrimination vs. a base model (eGFR + UPCR)Gollasch et al. [37] (2020)Comparison of fatty acid profiles in 15 healthy volunteers and 15 end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients on maintenance hemodialysis (HD)Venous blood collected from controls and pre-/post-HD from patients; RBC and plasma fatty acids measured by HPLC-MSESRD patients showed altered RBC and plasma fatty acid patterns: reduced EPA (C20:5 n-3) and certain n-6 species and increased very-long-chain monounsaturated fatty acids (e.g., C24:1 n-9); most free fatty acids were higher in plasma and RBCs of patients. A single HD session produced only minor changes in several total plasma saturated and n-6 fatty acids and did not meaningfully change RBC fatty acid composition or the RBC omega-3 indexTotal fatty acid levels differed significantly in RBCs from healthy controls and CKD patients, hemodialysis has no effect on plasma or RBC fatty acid levelsSikorska-Wisniewska et al. [38] (2020)Cohort (n = 134) of 3 groups: patients after renal transplantation (RTx group, n = 24), patients with CKD in stages 2-5, not on dialysis (CKD-ND group, n = 67), and controls without CKD (n = 43)Fatty acids (FA) assessed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; same FA analysed in samples of adipose tissue taken during the kidney transplantation procedure and compared with FA of controlsSerum omega-3 and omega-6 PUFA levels were highest in controls and lowest in RTx patients. No associations were found between GFR and FA levels. Fish intake correlated with EPA/DHA levels in some groups, but ALA intake did not correlate with serum ALA; EPA, DHA, LA, and AA generally correlated inversely with triglycerides (some correlations reached significance), while no meaningful links were found with CRP, albumin, BMI, or adipose tissue PUFA compositionRTx patients present significantly lower serum content of all the examined PUFAs, in comparison to the CKD-ND group and controlsLanzon et al. [47] (2021)Comparison of 11 severely obese patients with chronic kidney disease (OD) and 14 obese controls without CKD (O)Serum lipidomics (LC-MS) and polar metabolomics (GC-HRAM-MS)Lipidomics: 71 serum lipids differed (most increased in OD), notably rises in TGs (many unsaturated, short-/medium-chain), diglycerides (DGs), phosphatidylcholines (PCs), lysophosphatidylcholines (LysoPCs) and plasmalogens, while sphingomyelins (SMs) and phosphatidylinositols (PIs) decreased. Short-chain TGs correlated negatively with eGFR in OD; many lipids correlated with glucose in O but not in OD. Metabolomics: several essential and conditionally essential amino acids (e.g., isoleucine, lysine, proline) were higher in OD. After bariatric surgery OD patients showed lipidomic shifts toward profiles closer to O; DGs and medium-chain TGs correlated with uric acid post-surgery. Serum levels of several essential amino acids (isoleucine, lysine, threonine, valine) and some conditional amino acids fell after surgery; urine valine and glutamine decreased while hippuric acid increasedResults justify the use of lipidomics to validate possible early markers of risk of CKD in patients with severe obesityMika et al. [40] (2021)Study of 198 kidney transplant (Tx) patients (age 18-70) and 48 matched controlsAnalysis of fasting plasma fatty acid (FA) profiles by GC-MS after Folch extractionTx patients - treated with standard triple immunosuppression and excluding FA supplement users - showed distinct FA alterations vs. controls: lower long- and very-long-chain saturated and polyunsaturated FAs (many n-3/n-6 PUFA and branched-chain FAs), but higher palmitic (16:0) and certain monounsaturated FAs (16:1, 18:1). Disturbances were greatest within the first month post-transplant (Tx1M) and partially normalized by >12 months, though differences from controls persisted. PCA and hierarchical clustering clearly separated Tx and control groups. Comorbidities and clinical factors affected profilesFA profiles are significantly different between patients and controls, tendency for normalization in long-term kidney recipients, n-3 PUFA strong inverse associated with inflammationPinto et al. [41] (2021)Investigation of relationships between dialysis, sleep and 24 h heart rate variability (HRV) and LC n-3 PUFA status in hemodialysis patients (CKD stage 5) (n = 45)Pre-dialysis blood samples, measurement of erythrocyte and plasma fatty acid compositionCompared with controls, patients had higher heart rates, lower HRV, more inflammation, and lower LC n-3 PUFA levels; erythrocyte omega-3 index was low overall. While no consistent associations were found for erythrocyte O3I, EPA, or DHA with HRV, plasma DHA correlated positively with HRV during dialysis, plasma EPA with 24-h HRV, and EPA:DHA ratio, DPA(n-3), and EPA showed mixed inverse or negative associations with short-term HRV, indicating a complex relationshipImpaired EPA metabolism might contribute to sudden cardiac death (SCD) risk increase in dialysis patientsSledzinski et al. [42] (2022)Study of 35 CKD patients (19 men, 16 women; age 22-70) comparison of serum fatty acid (FA) profiles before and 3 months after deceased-donor kidney transplantationCollection of fasting serum, lipids extracted and converted to FAMEs, subsequently analyzed by GC-EI-MSTotal even-chain saturated FAs, odd- and branched-chain FAs, and total SFAs did not change, but specific FAs shifted: decreases in some 12-, 18-, and 26-carbon FAs, a rise in palmitic acid (16:0), and a significant reduction in ultra-long-chain FAs (>/=26C), especially 26:0. Total MUFAs were unchanged though 20:1 increased and the 18:1/18:0 desaturation index rose. Among PUFAs, total n-6 was stable despite decreases in DGLA (20:3n-6), ARA, and AdA (22:4n-6) while 18:2n-6 increased; total n-3 PUFAs declinedSignificant reduction in n-3 PUFAs in renal transplant recipients 3 months after transplantation, which may contribute to increased cardiovascular riskSledzinski et al. [45] (2024)Prospective study of 25 CKD patients (23 deceased-donor, 2 living-donor)Quantification of serum fatty acid (FA) profiles before kidney transplantation (KTx), 3 months after, and 6-12 months after. Samples analyzed by GC-MSTotal saturated FAs were largely unchanged except for an increase in odd-chain SFAs; very-long-chain FAs (>20C) rose by 6-12 months, whereas ultra-long-chain FAs (>/=26C) fell progressively. Total MUFAs were stable overall, but C20:1, C22:1, C24:1 increased and C18:1 trended down. Total n-3 PUFAs (including DHA) and some n-6 PUFAs (ARA, DGLA) decreased at 3 months then increased by 6-12 months; linoleic acid rose at 3 monthsFA dynamics following KTx are complex and may indicate a need for supplementationMantovani et al. [46] (2023)Follow-up of 85 post-menopausal women with non-insulin-treated T2DM and preserved kidney function at baselineSerum NEFA concentrations measured using enzymatic colorimetric method, eGFR was estimatedHigher baseline NEFA levels strongly predicted kidney function decline. Patients in the highest NEFA tertile had significantly greater risk by Kaplan-Meier analysisHigher circulating levels of NEFA strongly associated with faster kidney function declineOng et al. [43] (2023)Pooled analysis by the Fatty Acids and Outcomes Research Consortium, combination of de novo data from 19 prospective cohorts (25,570 participants without baseline CKD; median follow-up 11.3 years) to examine circulating/adipose n-3 PUFA biomarkers and risk of incident chronic kidney disease (CKD)Biomarkers (ALA, EPA, DPA, DHA) were measured by gas chromatography in various lipid compartments, and incident CKD was defined as follow-up eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 among those with baseline eGFR >/=60See "Conclusion"Meta-analyses (adjusted Cox/Poisson and linear models) showed higher seafood-derived n-3 PUFAs (EPA/DPA/DHA) were associated with lower risk of incident CKD (8% lower per interquintile range; highest vs. lowest quintile RR 0.87) and with slower annual eGFR decline; results were consistent across compartments and sensitivity analyses. ALA showed no association with incident CKD or eGFR decline. Associations were not modified by age, race, hypertension, diabetes, coronary disease, or baseline eGFRKoh et al., 2024 [44]Prospective observational cohort study, 73.419 participants without CKD and 6. 735 with CKDAnalysis of systemic PUFA levelsHigher PUFA levels - especially omega-3s like DHA - were linked to lower risk of developing CKD and reduced all-cause mortality; higher PUFA levels also correlated with younger age, female sex, nonwhite race, nonsmoking, and healthier clinical profilesAmong participants without CKD, higher plasma levels of total PUFAs are associated with a lower risk of developing CKDFatty acids, their metabolites and modulators of fatty acid metabolism in CKD managementBarden et al. [55] (2015)Double-blinded, placebo-controlled intervention, CKD patients randomized to n-3 fatty acids, CoQ, both or control, daily for 8 weeksExamination of n-3 fatty acid effects on plasma and urinary 20-HETE, plasma and urinary F2-isoprostanes, changes in blood pressureTreatment raised platelet n-3 and plasma CoQ (confirming compliance) and significantly lowered plasma 20-HETE and F2-isoprostanes (urinary levels unchanged) and reduced systolic and diastolic BP during both awake and asleep periods. Post-intervention 20-HETE was positively associated with 24-h SBP and DBP (driven by daytime BP)Identification of a plausible mechanism underlying the reduction in blood pressure observed in patients with chronic kidney disease after omega-3 fatty acid supplementationHu et al. [56] (2017)Review and meta-analysis: 9 RCT with CKD patients includedEvaluation of the benefits and risks of omega-3 fatty acid supplementationSee "Conclusion"Omega-3 supplementation significantly reduces proteinuria and lowers risk of ESKD but does not significantly affect creatinine clearance rate or eGFR. Subgroup analysis shows location, age, and study quality influences the proteinuria benefitDe Boer et al. [57] (2019)RCT: 1,312 adults with type 2 diabetesRandomization to receive vitamin D3 and omega-3 fatty acids and placebo for 5 years, primary outcome: GFR changeNo significant differences in eGFR, urine ACR, or a composite of kidney failure/death between supplement and placebo groups. Adverse events similar across groupsResults do not support use of vitamin D or omega-3 fatty acid supplementationValle Flores et al. [58] (2020)Prospective, randomized, double-blind study in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysisTwo groups: group A (46 patients) received omega-3 fatty acids during 12-week, control group (group B, 47 patients) received paraffin oil, general characteristics, analysis of nutritional indicators, renal disease markers and CRP, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-alpha evaluatedOmega-3 supplementation produced significant reductions in inflammatory markers and significantly raised the IL-10/IL-6 ratio, while IL-10 increased nonsignificantly; no meaningful changes in the control groupOral omega-3 fatty acid supplementation significantly reduces inflammatory marker concentrations in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysisBunout et al. [59] (2021)RCT: 100 CKD patients supplemented for 3 months with docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids or a corn oil supplementEvaluation at baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks; variables: blood and morning spot urine samples, blood pressure, carotid intima media thickness, and pulse wave velocity, main outcome: reduction of >/=20% in urine albuminThe n-3 PUFA group showed significant rises in EPA/DHA and omega-3 index and a drop in triglycerides, while both groups had reductions in urine albumin excretion (no significant between-group difference). Pulse wave velocity remained stable with n-3 PUFA but increased in controls; HbA1c rose in both groups and inflammatory markers were unchanged. Secondary analysis revealed systolic blood pressure fall in n-3 PUFA usersOmega-3 fatty acid supplement does not modify urine albumin excretion in patients with CKD but improves pulse wave velocity and serum triglyceride levelsLin et al. [60] (2022)Investigation of oral supplementation with omega-3 PUFA on circulating IL-6, cardiometabolic parameters, skin moisturization, and symptoms of pruritus in hemodialysis patientsTwenty-seven subjects consumed fish oil daily for 3 months and were measured at baseline, first, second, and third month post-supplementationFish oil did not change BMI, serum calcium, phosphorus, or iPTH but significantly reduced pruritus and improved skin hydration. Inflammatory markers (CRP, IL-6), plasma creatinine, and several lipid measures (total cholesterol down, HDL up, TG improved; LDL fell then rose slightly by month three) also improvedOmega-3 PUFA beneficial in hemodialysisAo et al. [61] (2024)24,497 patients with diabetes includedCox proportional hazards regression models used to estimate hazard ratios for CKD risk and impact of fish oilAdjusted analyses found lower CKD risk in diabetic patients who used fish oil and an approximate 2.79-year delay in CKD onset, with stronger effects in men, older adults, non-smokers, and those with healthier diets. Fish oil use also associated with lower HbA1c and CRP and higher HDLFish oil might reduce CKD risk in diabeticsFei et al. [62] (2024)Review and meta-analysis: 9 studies, total of 347 proteinuric participants included in the analysisAnalysis of the impact of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on proteinuriaSee "Conclusion"Pooled results using fixed- and random-effects models showed non-significant standardized mean differences, with substantial heterogeneity. Study quality was moderate (JADAD 2-4); funnel plot showed no clear publication bias but power was limited by few studies. Overall, omega-3s did not demonstrate a significant anti-proteinuric benefit, though heterogeneity limits confidenceLok et al. [63] (2026)Double-blinded randomized trial of 1,228 adults on maintenance hemodialysisDaily fish-oil supplementation (4 g n-3 fatty acids: 1.6 g EPA + 0.8 g DHA) in comparison with corn-oil placebo over 3.5 yearsFish-oil significantly reduced the rate of serious cardiovascular events (primary end point) vs. placebo and lowered risks of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, stroke, and amputations, with similar adherence and adverse events between groupsFish-oil reduces cardiovascular and mortality risk in hemodialysis patientsDiagnostic and prognostic role of fatty acids and their metabolites in AKIWang et al. [50] (2020)Prospective pilot study: pediatric intensive care, 101 sepsis patients, 30 healthy controlsSerum ApoA5 levels were determined by ELISAApoA5 was lower in septic children than healthy controls and significantly lower in nonsurvivors vs. survivors, correlating with MODS and AKI; low ApoA5 was an independent risk factor for PICU mortality. ROC analysis showed ApoA5 had diagnostic and prognostic value, and it correlated positively with serum calciumLower serum ApoA5 level predicts sepsis-associated complications, e.g., AKI, or MODS in childrenSun et al. [51] (2021)Pilot study: 17 patients with new diagnosed AKI and 17 healthy controlsSerum metabolomic profilingFrom thousands of ion features, 51 reliable metabolites were examined; 1-arachidonoyl-lysoPC was prominent on day 1, while creatine, citrulline, and others distinguished survivors from non-survivors at day 8, with higher levels in those who died. Multimetabolite ROC models predicted outcomes: a 4-metabolite (m4) day-1 model performed best for mortality, an 11-metabolite (m11) day-8 model showed high specificity, and a 3-metabolite (m3) model predicted KRT independence with a favorable AUCDistinct metabolite panels enable assessment of mortality risk in acute kidney injury (AKI)Zhang et al. [53] (2022)Retrospective, observational cohort study: 1,028 patients with primary nephrotic syndrome, AKI (n = 81), non-AKI (n = 947)Examination of serum free fatty acids by enzyme endpoint methodsPrematch, AKI patients were older, more often male, and had more infections, higher SBP, BMI, proteinuria, and serum free fatty acids (FFA), plus lower albumin and HDL. After propensity matching (77 pairs), multivariate analysis found infection, higher SBP, greater proteinuria, and higher FFA associated with AKI No FFA differences by stage or pathological type; FSGS had the highest AKI incidenceSerum FFA showed only weak diagnostic value for AKIin primary nephrotic syndromeZhou et al. [54] (2023)Prospective cohort study: 67 patients with sepsis associated AKI and 20 healthy controlsOxidative lipid analysis in plasma samples, liquid chromatography, tandem mass spectrometric detectionPlasma oxidative lipidomics reveals 21 significantly oxidized lipids. Machine learning (Random Forest, LASSO) highlighted five key biomarkers - particularly 9,10-DiHOME and 5,6-DiHETrE. Pathway analysis showed altered lipid metabolism, including downregulation of vascular smooth muscle contraction and involvement of serotonergic synapse pathwaysIdentification of 9,10-DiHOME and 5,6-DiHETrE as potential biomarkers for detecting sepsis associated AKI, 5-isoPGF2VI: a potential biomarker to distinguish AKI stage III from AKI stages I-II.Zhou et al. [48] (2025)Prospective cohort study in 17 patients with cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) and 17 controlsLipidomic analysis through liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)Broad lipidomic profiling found most differentially expressed lipids were upregulated in CSA-AKI, including acylcarnitines, cholesteryl esters, certain ceramides, lysophosphatidic acids, lysosphingomyelins, PG, and PIP species. Multivariate and network analyses implicated altered glycerophospholipid metabolism and flagged PE(14:0/22:2) and PE(39:1) as early-increased candidates, while PI(18:0/18:1) showed broad negative correlationsIdentification of PE(14:0/22:2) and PE(39:1) as early-increased candidates in CSA-AKIFatty acids, their metabolites and modulators of fatty acid metabolism in AKI managementHoogeveen et al. [64] (2014)2,344 patients with myocardial infarctionRandomization to 4 groups, substitution of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid-docosahexaenoic acid and alpha-linolenic acid, or placebo for 40 months, eGFR measuredDaily EPA-DHA slows eGFR decline compared with placebo, with a larger benefit in those with baseline CKD. ALA showed no significant effect. EPA-DHA does not significantly reduce the incidence of CKD or rapid kidney-function decline, so effects were modest and variableLong-term supplementation with eicosapentaenoic acid-docosahexaenoic acid associated with small beneficial effects on kidney functionAlrowaie et al. [65] (2021)RCT: 130 patients undergoing coronary angiographyTwo groups: 67 received N-acetylcysteine (NAC), 63 received omega-3 fatty acid before interventionNAC group older with higher prevalence of hyperlipidemia, omega-3 group uses more ACEi/ARBs. Rates of contrast-induced nephropathy, kidney replacement therapy, in-hospital death, MI/stroke, and length of stay significantly not different between treatmentsOmega-3 fatty acids no beneficial effects on contrast-induced nephropathy. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. Published by S. Karger AG. LA - eng PT - Published Erratum DEP - 20260930 PL - Switzerland TA - Kidney Blood Press Res JT - Kidney & blood pressure research JID - 9610505 SB - IM EFR - Kidney Blood Press Res. 2026;51(1):567-588. doi: 10.1159/000552568. PMID: 42176287 EDAT- 2026/09/30 17:32 MHDA- 2026/09/30 17:32 CRDT- 2026/09/30 13:28 PHST- 2026/09/30 17:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/30 17:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/30 13:28 [entrez] AID - 000554466 [pii] AID - 10.1159/kbr/adjag008 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Kidney Blood Press Res. 2026;51(1):915-922. doi: 10.1159/kbr/adjag008. Epub 2026 Sep 30. PMID- 42813554 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260930 IS - 1467-1107 (Electronic) IS - 1047-9511 (Linking) DP - 2026 Sep 30 TI - Beyond the obvious in childhood obesity: exploring cardiac electrophysiological balance index and subclinical risk. PG - 1-6 LID - 10.1017/S1047951126124275 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Childhood obesity is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes, including increased risk of arrhythmias and subclinical myocardial dysfunction. However, its impact on cardiac electrophysiological balance remains underexplored. The index of cardiac electrophysiological balance, calculated as QT/QRS ratio and corrected form of index of cardiac electrophysiological balance, emerged as novel electrocardiographic markers of ventricular arrhythmia risk. Although these parameters have been investigated in adult populations, data in obese children are lacking. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of obesity on index of cardiac electrophysiological balance and corrected form of index of cardiac electrophysiological balance in children and explore their associations with metabolic and anthropometric measures. METHODS: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 50 obese, 23 healthy children aged 10-18 years. Demographic, metabolic, electrocardiographic, and echocardiographic data were retrieved from hospital records. Index of cardiac electrophysiological balance, corrected form of index of cardiac electrophysiological balance, and repolarisation indices (QTc dispersion, Tp-e dispersion, and P-wave dispersion) were manually measured from 12-lead electrocardiograms. Associations with metabolic and anthropometric parameters were analysed using linear regression. RESULTS: Index of cardiac electrophysiological balance and corrected form of index of cardiac electrophysiological balance values were significantly lower in obese children than in controls (p < 0.001). QTc, Tp-e, and P-wave dispersions were also increased, indicating greater electrical heterogeneity. Index of cardiac electrophysiological balance showed negative correlations with LDL and total cholesterol levels. Tp-e duration and Tp-e/QTc ratio were inversely associated with hip circumference z-scores, possibly reflecting protective effects of gluteofemoral fat distribution. CONCLUSION: Childhood obesity may disrupt cardiac electrophysiological balance and repolarisation, even in the absence of overt cardiovascular disease. Index of cardiac electrophysiological balance and corrected form of index of cardiac electrophysiological balance could serve as early markers of arrhythmia risk. Prospective studies are needed to validate their prognostic significance. FAU - Caglayan Bozlak, Ozlem Hilal AU - Caglayan Bozlak OH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1002-8432 AD - Pediatrics, Marmara Universitesi Egitim ve Arastirma Hastanesi, Turkiye. ROR: https://ror.org/02kswqa67 FAU - Arici, Sule AU - Arici S AD - Pediatric Cardiology, Kartal Kosuyolu High Specialization Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Karagozlu, Selen AU - Karagozlu S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9542-1937 AD - Pediatric Cardiology, Marmara University Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Turkiye. FAU - Akalin, Figen AU - Akalin F AD - Pediatric Cardiology, Marmara University Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260930 PL - England TA - Cardiol Young JT - Cardiology in the young JID - 9200019 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cardiovascular risk in children OT - cardiac electrophysiological balance index OT - childhood obesity OT - electrocardiography OT - paediatric cardiology OT - subclinical arrhythmia EDAT- 2026/09/30 11:35 MHDA- 2026/09/30 11:35 CRDT- 2026/09/30 07:15 PHST- 2026/09/30 11:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/30 11:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/30 07:15 [entrez] AID - S1047951126124275 [pii] AID - 10.1017/S1047951126124275 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Cardiol Young. 2026 Sep 30:1-6. doi: 10.1017/S1047951126124275. PMID- 42812512 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260930 LR - 20261001 IS - 1179-1411 (Print) IS - 1179-1411 (Electronic) IS - 1179-1411 (Linking) VI - 18 DP - 2026 TI - Assessing Vaginal Wall Elasticity via Shear-Wave Elastography Using a Transrectal Linear Array High-Frequency Probe in Premenopausal versus Postmenopausal Women: A Cross-Sectional Feasibility Study. PG - 640465 LID - 10.2147/IJWH.S640465 [doi] LID - 640465 AB - OBJECTIVES: This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of transrectal high-frequency linear array shear wave elastography (SWE) for assessing vaginal wall elasticity in women and to investigate potential differences in segmental elasticity values between premenopausal and postmenopausal populations. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 228 women (164 premenopausal and 64 postmenopausal) who underwent gynecological ultrasound examinations at Hubei Maternal and Child Health Hospital from December 2024 to January 2025. Transrectal linear array high-frequency ultrasound examinations were performed by two ultrasound technicians. Tissue stiffness was assessed using Young's modulus measurements obtained from six standardized vaginal wall segments: upper, middle, and lower regions of both anterior and posterior walls. Inter-rater reliability was assessed by calculating the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). RESULTS: Linear mixed-effects modeling adjusting for age and BMI demonstrated that postmenopausal women exhibited significantly higher Young's modulus values (kPa) in the middle anterior wall (14.59 +/- 3.93 vs 12.88 +/- 3.87 kPa; adjusted P = 0.003, FDR q = 0.009) and middle posterior wall (14.87 +/- 4.09 vs 13.28 +/- 4.25 kPa; adjusted P = 0.013, FDR q = 0.026) compared with premenopausal women. Intra-group analysis revealed a significant proximal-to-distal stiffness gradient along the anterior wall in both premenopausal (P < 0.001) and postmenopausal (P = 0.001) groups, whereas the posterior wall displayed spatial homogeneity (P > 0.10). Inter-observer reliability was excellent, with ICCs ranging from 0.83 (0.68-0.94) to 0.95 (0.88-0.98) (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Transrectal SWE is a reliable, non-invasive method for evaluating segment-specific vaginal elasticity. Our study showed that postmenopausal tissue stiffening is localized to the middle vaginal canal rather than pan-vaginal, with an anterior proximal-to-distal elasticity gradient. While these findings advance understanding of regional biomechanical specialization, future large-scale, age-matched, and multicenter studies are required to validate these results and establish clinical diagnostic thresholds. CI - (c) 2026 Wu et al. FAU - Wu, Chunxiao AU - Wu C AD - Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, Hubei Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, People's Republic of China. FAU - Zhou, Si AU - Zhou S AD - Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, Hubei Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, People's Republic of China. FAU - Xu, Qianqian AU - Xu Q AD - Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, Hubei Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, People's Republic of China. FAU - Zhao, Sheng AU - Zhao S AD - Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, Hubei Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, People's Republic of China. FAU - Yang, Juan AU - Yang J AD - Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, Hubei Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, People's Republic of China. FAU - Gao, Yanduo AU - Gao Y AD - Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, Hubei Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, People's Republic of China. FAU - Huang, Cheng AU - Huang C AD - Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, Hubei Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, People's Republic of China. FAU - Qian, Qingqing AU - Qian Q AD - Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, Hubei Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, People's Republic of China. FAU - Zhu, Xia AU - Zhu X AD - Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, Hubei Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, People's Republic of China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260924 PL - New Zealand TA - Int J Womens Health JT - International journal of women's health JID - 101531698 PMC - PMC13620308 OTO - NOTNLM OT - postmenopausal OT - premenopausal OT - transrectal high-frequency linear array OT - vaginal elasticity COIS- The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work. EDAT- 2026/09/30 11:35 MHDA- 2026/09/30 11:36 PMCR- 2026/09/24 CRDT- 2026/09/30 05:40 PHST- 2026/07/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/30 11:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/30 11:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/30 05:40 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 640465 [pii] AID - 10.2147/IJWH.S640465 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Womens Health. 2026 Sep 24;18:640465. doi: 10.2147/IJWH.S640465. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42812133 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261006 LR - 20261007 IS - 1839-2628 (Electronic) IS - 1832-4274 (Linking) VI - 29 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Neonatal Health and Long-Term Outcomes: Twin-Based Evidence From Linked Scandinavian Registers. PG - 323-333 LID - 10.1017/thg.2026.10095 [doi] AB - This study examines the long-term consequences of neonatal health using three birth anthropometric measures - weight, length, and head circumference - and analyzes their differential associations with outcomes across the life course. Using linked Swedish and Norwegian population registers with follow-up into adulthood, we compare birth measures of singletons and twins and further estimate within-twin-pair fixed-effects models that control for shared genetic and family environmental factors. Our samples comprise up to approximately 679,000 singletons and 10,400 twins in Sweden, and 347,841 singletons and 6,762 twins in Norway, followed into adulthood. We find that different birth measures capture distinct aspects of fetal development with varying predictive validity across outcome domains. Birth length emerges as the strongest predictor of health outcomes (infant mortality, adult height), consistent with its role as a cumulative indicator of skeletal growth throughout gestation. Birth weight retains stronger associations with cognitive and educational outcomes (grade point average [GPA], years of schooling) in conditional models. Head circumference shows weak and inconsistent associations across specifications. Using within-pair head circumference differences to classify twins as symmetrically versus asymmetrically growth restricted, we find that symmetric intrauterine growth restriction is associated with substantially worse long-term outcomes than asymmetric restriction. In Norwegian twin pairs, growth restriction is associated with lower general cognitive ability (measured at military enlistment) relative to the unaffected co-twin; this within-pair deficit is more than twice as large for symmetric as for asymmetric restriction. We also document significant intergenerational transmission of birth anthropometrics, suggesting both environmental and genetic contributions. Finally, our register-based design with near-complete population coverage minimizes selection bias and attrition while providing statistical power for within-pair analyses across multiple outcomes. Exclusive reliance on birth weight may obscure important information about early-gestation developmental insults. FAU - Conti, Gabriella AU - Conti G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4699-2490 AD - NHH, Norway. FAU - Buetikofer, Aline AU - Buetikofer A AD - Department of Economics and Social Research Institute, University College London, UK. FAU - Bjorkegren, Evelina AU - Bjorkegren E AD - Stockholm University, Sweden. FAU - Palme, Marten AU - Palme M AD - Stockholm University, Sweden. FAU - Salvanes, Kjell G AU - Salvanes KG AD - Department of Economics and Social Research Institute, University College London, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Twin Study PL - England TA - Twin Res Hum Genet JT - Twin research and human genetics : the official journal of the International Society for Twin Studies JID - 101244624 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Registries MH - *Birth Weight MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Norway/epidemiology MH - Male MH - Adult MH - Sweden/epidemiology MH - *Infant Mortality MH - *Fetal Development MH - *Twins/genetics MH - Infant MH - Body Height MH - *Twins, Dizygotic/genetics OTO - NOTNLM OT - Birth length OT - Birth weight OT - Fetal origins OT - Head circumference OT - Intrauterine growth restriction OT - Linkage to administrative data OT - Twin studies EDAT- 2026/09/30 05:30 MHDA- 2026/10/06 11:31 CRDT- 2026/09/30 04:24 PHST- 2026/10/06 11:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/30 05:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/30 04:24 [entrez] AID - S1832427426100954 [pii] AID - 10.1017/thg.2026.10095 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Twin Res Hum Genet. 2026 Aug;29(4):323-333. doi: 10.1017/thg.2026.10095. PMID- 42811307 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260930 LR - 20261006 IS - 1471-2334 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2334 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Aug 10 TI - Diagnostic performance of a centrifugation-free stool processing kit in conjunction with Xpert((R))MTB/RIF Ultra for paediatric tuberculosis: a multicentre prospective study in five low and middle-income countries. LID - 10.1186/s12879-026-13902-6 [doi] LID - 1736 AB - INTRODUCTION: Diagnosing paediatric tuberculosis (TB) remains challenging. Currently available diagnostic tests have limited accuracy, and most sampling methods are invasive. In 2021, the World Health Organization (WHO) endorsed the use of molecular WHO-recommended rapid diagnostic tests (mWRDs) with stool as an initial diagnostic tool for paediatric TB. In this study, we evaluated the diagnostic test accuracy (DTA) of stool samples processed with the Stool Processing Kit (SPK), one of three centrifugation-free methods available at the time. METHODS: We conducted a multi-centre prospective diagnostic validation study in South Africa, Tanzania, Malawi, Mozambique, and India. Children (< 15 years) under investigation for TB provided at least two (induced) sputum samples at enrolment, one stool sample, and one nasopharyngeal aspirate (NPA) if aged < 5 years and a chest x-ray. TB testing included Xpert((R)) MTB/RIF Ultra (Ultra) and culture. Diagnostic classification followed NIH consensus statements. Stool samples were processed using the SPK and tested with Ultra. We calculated DTA in the overall cohort and predefined subgroups of interest. RESULTS: Out of 5313 children screened, 975 were enrolled, and data from 817 children recruited between January 2019 and June 2021 were analysed. The overall microbiological confirmation rate was 203/817 (24.9%), and an additional 358/817 (43.8%) were classified as unconfirmed TB and 256/817 (31.3%) were classified as unlikely TB. The median age was 5.3 years (IQR: 2.0-9.2), and 390/817 (47.7%) of participants were under the age of five. 134/817 (16.4%) of children were living with HIV, and 88/817 (10.8%) had severe acute malnutrition (SAM). The overall sensitivity and specificity of SPK/Ultra against a Strict Reference Standard (SRS) were 33.8% (95% CI: 27.6-40.6) and 86.8% (95% CI: 80.5-91.3), respectively. Among children under one year of age and those with SAM, sensitivity was 43.3% (95% CI: 27.4-60.8) and 41.4% (95% CI: 25.5-59.3), respectively, with specificity reaching 100% in young children and 85% (95% CI: 64.0-94.8) in children with SAM. Classic TB symptoms and chest X-ray abnormalities at baseline were associated with increased likelihood of SPK/Ultra positivity. CONCLUSIONS: This is one of the largest studies to evaluate stool as an alternative specimen for diagnosing paediatric TB. Although the WHO's target product profile was not fully met, stool testing with SPK/Ultra represents a viable alternative to invasive sampling methods, especially in subgroups of interest. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03734172, June 22, 2018. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Banze, Denise AU - Banze D AD - Instituto Nacional de Saude (INS), Marracuene, Mozambique. denise.banze@ins.gov.mz. AD - CIH LMU Center for International Health, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany. denise.banze@ins.gov.mz. FAU - Olbrich, Laura AU - Olbrich L AD - Institute of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany. AD - German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany. AD - Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Immunology, Infection and Pandemic Research, Munich, Germany. FAU - Razid, Alia AU - Razid A AD - Institute of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany. AD - German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany. AD - Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology (IBE), LMU Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Munich, Germany. FAU - Franckling-Smith, Zoe AU - Franckling-Smith Z AD - Department of Paediatrics & Child Health, SA-MRC Unit on Child & Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. FAU - Mfinanga, Alfred AU - Mfinanga A AD - CIH LMU Center for International Health, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany. AD - National Institute for Medical Research - Mbeya Medical Research Centre, Mbeya, Tanzania. FAU - Ntinginya, Nyanda Elias AU - Ntinginya NE AD - National Institute for Medical Research - Mbeya Medical Research Centre, Mbeya, Tanzania. FAU - Sabi, Issa AU - Sabi I AD - National Institute for Medical Research - Mbeya Medical Research Centre, Mbeya, Tanzania. AD - Department of Paediatric and Child Health, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Dodoma, Dodoma, Tanzania. FAU - Nliwasa, Marriot AU - Nliwasa M AD - TB/HIV Research Group, College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi. FAU - Semphere, Robina AU - Semphere R AD - TB/HIV Research Group, College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi. FAU - Corbett, Elizabeth L AU - Corbett EL AD - TB/HIV Research Group, College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi. AD - TB Center, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK. FAU - Michael, Joy Sarojini AU - Michael JS AD - Clinical Microbiology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India. FAU - Verghese, Valsan Philip AU - Verghese VP AD - Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India. FAU - Graham, Stephen M AU - Graham SM AD - Department of Paediatrics and Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia. FAU - Nabeta, Pamela AU - Nabeta P AD - Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics (FIND), Geneva, Switzerland. FAU - Trollip, Andre AU - Trollip A AD - Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics (FIND), Geneva, Switzerland. FAU - Song, Rinn AU - Song R AD - Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Larsson, Leyla AU - Larsson L AD - Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK. FAU - Geldmacher, Christof AU - Geldmacher C AD - Institute of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany. AD - German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany. FAU - Hoelscher, Michael AU - Hoelscher M AD - Institute of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany. AD - German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany. FAU - Zar, Heather J AU - Zar HJ AD - Department of Paediatrics & Child Health, SA-MRC Unit on Child & Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. FAU - Viegas, Sofia AU - Viegas S AD - Instituto Nacional de Saude (INS), Marracuene, Mozambique. FAU - Heinrich, Norbert AU - Heinrich N AD - Institute of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany. AD - German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany. AD - Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Immunology, Infection and Pandemic Research, Munich, Germany. FAU - Khosa, Celso AU - Khosa C AD - Instituto Nacional de Saude (INS), Marracuene, Mozambique. AD - Department of International Public Health and Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK. AD - Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Maputo, Mozambique. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT03734172 GR - RIA2016MC-1623 - RaPaed TB/European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership/ GR - RIA2016MC-1623 - RaPaed TB/European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership/ GR - RIA2016MC-1623 - RaPaed TB/European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership/ GR - RIA2016MC-1623 - RaPaed TB/European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership/ GR - RIA2016MC-1623 - RaPaed TB/European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership/ GR - RIA2016MC-1623 - RaPaed TB/European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership/ GR - RIA2016MC-1623 - RaPaed TB/European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership/ GR - RIA2016MC-1623 - RaPaed TB/European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership/ GR - RIA2016MC-1623 - RaPaed TB/European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership/ GR - RIA2016MC-1623 - RaPaed TB/European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership/ GR - RIA2016MC-1623 - RaPaed TB/European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership/ GR - RIA2016MC-1623 - RaPaed TB/European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership/ GR - RIA2016MC-1623 - RaPaed TB/European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership/ GR - RIA2016MC-1623 - RaPaed TB/European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership/ GR - RIA2016MC-1623 - RaPaed TB/European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership/ GR - RIA2016MC-1623 - RaPaed TB/European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership/ GR - RIA2016MC-1623 - RaPaed TB/European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership/ GR - RIA2016MC-1623 - RaPaed TB/European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership/ GR - RIA2016MC-1623 - RaPaed TB/European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership/ GR - RIA2016MC-1623 - RaPaed TB/European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership/ GR - RIA2016MC-1623 - RaPaed TB/European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership/ GR - RIA2016MC-1623 - RaPaed TB/European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership/ GR - RIA2016MC-1623 - RaPaed TB/European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership/ PT - Clinical Trial PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study DEP - 20260810 PL - England TA - BMC Infect Dis JT - BMC infectious diseases JID - 100968551 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - Male MH - *Feces/microbiology MH - India MH - Malawi MH - *Molecular Diagnostic Techniques/methods MH - Mozambique MH - Mycobacterium tuberculosis/isolation & purification/genetics MH - Prospective Studies MH - Rapid Diagnostic Tests MH - Sensitivity and Specificity MH - South Africa MH - *Specimen Handling/methods MH - Sputum/microbiology MH - Tanzania MH - *Tuberculosis/diagnosis/microbiology MH - *Developing Countries PMC - PMC13621693 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Child* OT - Diagnostics OT - Stool OT - Tuberculosis OT - mWRDs COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine at Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany; the University of Cape Town, Faculty of Health Sciences, Human Research Ethics Committee, South Africa; the Mbeya Medical Research and Ethics Committee, Tanzania; the Ministerio da Saude, Comite Nacional de Bioetica para a Saude, Mozambique; the College of Medicine Research and Ethics Committee (COMREC), Malawi; and the Office of Research Institutional Review Board, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from caregivers or legal guardians of all participants, and assent was obtained from children in accordance with local ethical guidelines. Consent for publication: Consent for publication: Not applicable. This manuscript does not include any individual person's data in an identifiable form (including images). All data are presented in aggregate and/or de-identified. Competing interests: All authors have received funding from the European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership (EDCTP) to their respective institutions. Cepheid provided testing kits at no cost. EDAT- 2026/09/30 05:30 MHDA- 2026/09/30 05:31 PMCR- 2026/08/10 CRDT- 2026/09/29 23:53 PHST- 2025/12/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/30 05:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/30 05:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/29 23:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12879-026-13902-6 [pii] AID - 13902 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12879-026-13902-6 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Infect Dis. 2026 Aug 10;26(1):1736. doi: 10.1186/s12879-026-13902-6. PMID- 42810158 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260929 IS - 1873-5487 (Electronic) IS - 0188-4409 (Linking) VI - 58 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Sep 29 TI - Strengthening the Socio-cultural Dimension of Food in the Mexican Healthy and Sustainable Dietary Guidelines. PG - 103531 LID - S0188-4409(26)00153-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.arcmed.2026.103531 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Dietary guidelines should incorporate not only advances in nutritional science but also the sociocultural factors that shape food practices. This study describes how the sociocultural dimension was integrated into the 2023 Mexican Healthy and Sustainable Dietary Guidelines (HSDGs). It presents key formative research findings on food practices, perceptions, and the sociocultural and environmental factors influencing adherence to selected dietary recommendations, which informed the contextualization, formulation, and communication of the Guidelines. METHODS: We conducted 84 semi-structured interviews with mothers and fathers of children and adolescents from low socioeconomic households across Mexico. Interviews explored food practices, the sociocultural food space, the feasibility of adopting selected dietary recommendations, and environmental practices related to food consumption. RESULTS: Social norms, symbolic meanings, gendered food responsibilities, and food environment factors strongly influenced dietary practices. Prevailing norms encouraged the consumption of red meat and ultra-processed products while discouraging vegetables and legumes, creating barriers to healthier and more sustainable diets. CONCLUSIONS: These findings informed recommendations to reshape food-related social norms by promoting vegetables and legumes as everyday foods, challenging the normalization of frequent red meat and ultra-processed product consumption, encouraging shared household food responsibilities, and addressing structural barriers such as the seasonal affordability of fruits and vegetables. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Theodore, Florence L AU - Theodore FL AD - Centro de Investigacion en Nutricion y Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica, Cuernavaca, Mexico. FAU - Pacheco-Miranda, Selene AU - Pacheco-Miranda S AD - Centro de Investigacion en Nutricion y Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica, Cuernavaca, Mexico. FAU - Venosa-Lopez, Monica AU - Venosa-Lopez M AD - Centro de Investigacion en Nutricion y Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica, Cuernavaca, Mexico. FAU - Franco-Salazar, Mariel Andrea AU - Franco-Salazar MA AD - Centro de Investigacion en Nutricion y Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica, Cuernavaca, Mexico. FAU - Gaxiola, Ana Cecilia AU - Gaxiola AC AD - Centro de Investigacion en Nutricion y Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica, Cuernavaca, Mexico. FAU - Molina-Barrera, Veronika AU - Molina-Barrera V AD - Consultant to the UN Food and Agriculture Organization. FAU - Brero, Mauro AU - Brero M AD - Consultant for Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Head of Nutrition at the United Nations Children's Fund. FAU - Bonvecchio, Anabelle AU - Bonvecchio A AD - Consultant for Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Head of Nutrition at the United Nations Children's Fund. Electronic address: bonvecchio@insp.mx. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260929 PL - United States TA - Arch Med Res JT - Archives of medical research JID - 9312706 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Dietary guidelines OT - Food culture OT - Food environment OT - Formative research OT - Qualitative methodology EDAT- 2026/09/29 23:29 MHDA- 2026/09/29 23:29 CRDT- 2026/09/29 18:19 PHST- 2025/09/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/29 23:29 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/29 23:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/29 18:19 [entrez] AID - S0188-4409(26)00153-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.arcmed.2026.103531 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Arch Med Res. 2026 Sep 29;58(1):103531. doi: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2026.103531. PMID- 42809924 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261024 LR - 20261024 IS - 1872-7727 (Electronic) IS - 0720-048X (Linking) VI - 205 DP - 2026 Dec TI - Age- and sex-specific CT reference trajectories for abdominal organ volumes and attenuation: a large-scale automated analysis. PG - 113247 LID - S0720-048X(26)00595-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ejrad.2026.113247 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Reference values for adult abdominal organ volumes and attenuation remain limited, although they are important for accurate CT interpretation and opportunistic imaging assessment. METHODS: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 25,161 abdominal CT examinations from 15,408 adult patients aged 18-100 years, comprising 5,559 women, 9,848 men, and one non-binary patient. Attenuation measurements were derived from the unenhanced phase available in 9,548 examinations. Organ volumes and attenuation values were quantified using a fully automated segmentation pipeline (TotalSegmentator). Percentile reference curves (P3-P97) were generated using generalized additive models for location, scale, and shape (GAMLSS). RESULTS: Men had higher organ volumes than women across nearly all organs and age groups. Age-group-averaged model-derived P50 estimates showed organ-specific trajectories: liver, pancreas, and kidney volumes followed an inverted U-shaped pattern, increasing from young adulthood to midlife and declining thereafter. Liver volume peaked in midlife and declined thereafter, rising from 1,303.1 to 1,450.2 mL in women and from 1,560.7 to 1,774.1 mL in men, before decreasing to 1,019.6 and 1,234.9 mL at 90-100 years, respectively. Pancreatic volume peaked at 40-49 years (67.7 mL in women; 86.2 mL in men) and declined to 35.5/46.4 mL. Right/left kidney volumes increased from 115.6/126.6 to 138.2/143.2 mL in women and from 154.6/163.4 to 179.4/183.3 mL in men, before declining to 87.8/84.5 and 113.1/112.8 mL, respectively. Spleen volume decreased overall with age, whereas adrenal volume increased into later adulthood. Organ attenuation generally declined with age, most markedly in the pancreas and adrenal glands. CONCLUSION: Percentile-based trajectories derived from large-scale automated CT analysis provide descriptive reference values for abdominal organ volume and attenuation across adulthood. CI - Copyright (c) 2026. Published by Elsevier B.V. FAU - Reschke, Philipp AU - Reschke P AD - Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. Electronic address: Philipp.reschke@outlook.de. FAU - Booz, Christian AU - Booz C AD - Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. FAU - Koch, Vitali AU - Koch V AD - Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. FAU - Gotta, Jennifer AU - Gotta J AD - Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. FAU - Hohne, Elena AU - Hohne E AD - Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. FAU - Martin, Simon S AU - Martin SS AD - Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. FAU - Yel, Ibrahim AU - Yel I AD - Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. FAU - Mahmoudi, Scherwin AU - Mahmoudi S AD - Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. FAU - Bernatz, Simon AU - Bernatz S AD - Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. FAU - Nica, Andreea I AU - Nica AI AD - Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. FAU - Gulli, Claudia AU - Gulli C AD - Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit, Department of Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University Hospital Messina, Messina, Italy. FAU - D'Angelo, Tommaso AU - D'Angelo T AD - Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit, Department of Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University Hospital Messina, Messina, Italy. FAU - Gruber-Rouh, Tatjana AU - Gruber-Rouh T AD - Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. FAU - Eichler, Katrin AU - Eichler K AD - Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. FAU - Vogl, Thomas J AU - Vogl TJ AD - Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. FAU - Gruenewald, Leon D AU - Gruenewald LD AD - Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260912 PL - Ireland TA - Eur J Radiol JT - European journal of radiology JID - 8106411 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Tomography, X-Ray Computed/statistics & numerical data/standards MH - Reference Values MH - Adolescent MH - Organ Size/physiology MH - Middle Aged MH - Aged MH - Adult MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - *Radiography, Abdominal/statistics & numerical data/standards MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Young Adult MH - Sensitivity and Specificity MH - *Aging/physiology MH - Age Distribution MH - *Pattern Recognition, Automated/methods MH - Sex Distribution MH - *Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted/methods MH - *Imaging, Three-Dimensional/standards/statistics & numerical data MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Viscera/diagnostic imaging COIS- Declaration of competing interest Christian Booz received speaking fees from Siemens Healthineers. Ibrahim Yel received a speaking fee from Siemens Healthineers. The other authors have no potential conflict of interest to disclose. EDAT- 2026/09/29 23:29 MHDA- 2026/10/24 05:34 CRDT- 2026/09/29 18:02 PHST- 2026/03/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/24 05:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/29 23:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/29 18:02 [entrez] AID - S0720-048X(26)00595-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ejrad.2026.113247 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Radiol. 2026 Dec;205:113247. doi: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2026.113247. Epub 2026 Sep 12. PMID- 42809284 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260929 LR - 20261002 IS - 2574-3805 (Electronic) IS - 2574-3805 (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep 1 TI - Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity Among Children Younger Than 5 Years in India. PG - e2636750 LID - 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.36750 [doi] LID - e2636750 AB - IMPORTANCE: Evidence is lacking on long-term trends across Indian states and union territories (UTs) and on the attainability of the 2030 Global Nutrition Target (GNT) goals within these specific regions. OBJECTIVES: To estimate the trends in overweight and obesity among children younger than 5 years across 36 states and UTs in India between 2006 and 2024 and to assess the feasibility of achieving the GNT of restricting the overweight burden to 5% or less by 2030. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: For this cross-sectional study, microdata and aggregate data were used from the 4 most recent waves of the National Family Health Survey (repeated cross-sectional surveys conducted between January 1, 2006, and December 31, 2024). The analysis included individual-level samples of 41 306 children in 2006, 225 002 in 2016, and 201 687 in 2021, alongside aggregate estimates of overweight from the 2024 wave. Data were analyzed in January and updated in July 2026. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Following World Health Organization definitions of overweight and obesity in children younger than 5 years (overweight is defined as weight for height >2 SDs above the World Health Organization median and obesity as >3 SDs), their prevalence and standardized annualized changes for 5 timeframes (2006-2016, 2016-2021, 2021-2024, 2006-2021, and 2006-2024) were computed. Additionally, the fractional logistic regression was used to model national and state-level overweight trajectories, forecasting probability of achieving the 5% or less 2030 GNT threshold. RESULTS: The final sample included 467 995 children (241 645 [51.6%] male, 226 350 [48.4%] female) aged 0 to 59 months from NFHSs conducted between 2006 and 2021. Mean (SD) child age remained consistent from 2006 to 2021: 30.1 (17.1) months in 2006, 30.1 (17.0) months in 2016, and 29.9 (17.2) months in 2021. Between 2006 and 2021, the prevalence of overweight increased from 1.55% to 3.42%, whereas obesity prevalence increased from 0.50% to 1.30% before overweight prevalence decreased to 1.3% in 2024. Although India was projected to sustain the 2030 overweight target nationally, 9 states and UTs (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Kerala, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim, and Tripura) maintained a low to moderate probability of adherence. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this cross-sectional study of Indian children younger than 5 years from 2006 to 2024, a historical overweight increase reversed in 2024. However, profound subnational disparities remained, suggesting that targeted regional interventions are needed to achieve the 2030 GNT. FAU - Rai, Rajesh Kumar AU - Rai RK AD - Division of Global Health Management and Policy, School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, California. AD - Birbhum Population Project, Society for Health and Demographic Surveillance, Suri, West Bengal, India. AD - ImplactLoop Ltd, London, UK. AD - Human Nutrition Unit, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand. AD - Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts. FAU - Matsuzaki, Mika AU - Matsuzaki M AD - Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland. AD - Center for Human Nutrition, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland. AD - Community Nutrition Unit, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand. FAU - De Neve, Jan-Walter AU - De Neve JW AD - Division of Global Health Management and Policy, School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, California. AD - Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. FAU - Zafar, Sumaira AU - Zafar S AD - Community Nutrition Unit, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand. FAU - Bromage, Sabri AU - Bromage S AD - Community Nutrition Unit, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand. AD - Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts. FAU - Kim, Rockli AU - Kim R AD - Division of Health Policy and Management, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea. AD - Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Subramanian, S V AU - Subramanian SV AD - Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Cambridge, Massachusetts. AD - Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260901 PL - United States TA - JAMA Netw Open JT - JAMA network open JID - 101729235 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - India/epidemiology MH - Child, Preschool MH - Male MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - Prevalence MH - Infant MH - *Overweight/epidemiology MH - *Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology PMC - PMC13624874 COIS- Conflict of Interest Disclosures: None reported. EDAT- 2026/09/29 19:04 MHDA- 2026/09/29 19:05 PMCR- 2026/09/29 CRDT- 2026/09/29 11:32 PHST- 2026/09/29 19:05 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/29 19:04 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/29 11:32 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2854611 [pii] AID - zoi260985 [pii] AID - 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.36750 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JAMA Netw Open. 2026 Sep 1;9(9):e2636750. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.36750. PMID- 42809071 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261027 LR - 20261027 IS - 1708-0428 (Electronic) IS - 0960-8923 (Linking) VI - 36 IP - 11 DP - 2026 Nov TI - Development and Validation of a Machine Learning Model for Predicting One-year Anemia After Bariatric Surgery: A Multicenter Study. PG - 5595-5606 LID - 10.1007/s11695-026-08965-y [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Anemia is a common nutritional complication after bariatric surgery, but preoperative tools for individualized risk assessment remain limited. This study aims to develop and externally validate a machine learning model for predicting anemia status one year after bariatric surgery. METHODS: This multicenter study included patients aged 16-65 years undergoing sleeve gastrectomy or Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Patients from one hospital formed the derivation cohort, and patients from two independent hospitals formed the external validation cohort. Forty-five preoperative variables were evaluated using logistic regression, random forest, support vector machine, and extreme gradient boosting. Model discrimination, calibration, and clinical utility were assessed and compared with blinded predictions from 10 clinicians with different levels of experience. RESULTS: The derivation cohort included 511 patients (409 training, 102 internal testing), and the external cohort included 300 patients. One-year anemia occurred in 39.6%, 39.2%, and 19.0% of patients in the training, testing, and external validation cohorts, respectively. Random forest showed the most favorable overall performance profile and was simplified to seven predictors. The final model achieved an area under the curve of 0.827 (95% CI, 0.746-0.896) in the testing set and 0.823 (95% CI, 0.771-0.873) in the external validation cohort, with satisfactory calibration and decision-curve net benefit. In external validation, the model outperformed junior, middle-level, and senior clinicians and remained superior in clinician-defined challenging cases. CONCLUSIONS: A seven-variable preoperative model showed good discrimination for one-year anemia status after bariatric surgery and may support individualized postoperative monitoring and nutritional care. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Nie, Yuntao AU - Nie Y AD - Department of General Surgery & Obesity and Metabolic Disease Center, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China. FAU - Wang, Tianshi AU - Wang T AD - Department of General Surgery, Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China. FAU - Tang, Haibo AU - Tang H AD - Department of General Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China. FAU - Huang, Yishan AU - Huang Y AD - Department of General Surgery & Obesity and Metabolic Disease Center, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China. FAU - Wang, Zhe AU - Wang Z AD - Department of General Surgery & Obesity and Metabolic Disease Center, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China. FAU - Wang, Pengpeng AU - Wang P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0161-1933 AD - Department of General Surgery & Obesity and Metabolic Disease Center, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China. FAU - Wang, Siqi AU - Wang S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9401-0880 AD - Department of General Surgery & Obesity and Metabolic Disease Center, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China. FAU - Liu, Genzheng AU - Liu G AD - Department of General Surgery & Obesity and Metabolic Disease Center, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China. FAU - Lin, Ximing AU - Lin X AD - Department of General Surgery & Obesity and Metabolic Disease Center, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China. FAU - Ran, Shuman AU - Ran S AD - Department of General Surgery & Obesity and Metabolic Disease Center, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China. FAU - Liu, Yan AU - Liu Y AD - Department of Gastrointestinal Metabolic Surgery, Zhengzhou Central Hospital, Zhengzhou, China. FAU - Zhu, Ming AU - Zhu M AD - Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining, China. FAU - Hu, Jingwei AU - Hu J AD - Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China. FAU - Li, Chunhui AU - Li C AD - Department of Endocrinology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China. FAU - Zhang, Nianrong AU - Zhang N AD - Department of General Surgery & Obesity and Metabolic Disease Center, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China. FAU - Liu, Baoyin AU - Liu B AD - Department of General Surgery & Obesity and Metabolic Disease Center, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China. FAU - Zhu, Liyong AU - Zhu L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4666-8458 AD - Department of General Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China. zly8128@csu.edu.cn. FAU - Ding, Yinlu AU - Ding Y AD - Department of General Surgery, Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China. dingyinlu@126.com. FAU - Meng, Hua AU - Meng H AD - Department of General Surgery & Obesity and Metabolic Disease Center, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China. menghua@zryhyy.com.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260929 PL - United States TA - Obes Surg JT - Obesity surgery JID - 9106714 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Anemia/etiology/epidemiology/diagnosis MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - Adult MH - Predictive Learning Models MH - *Machine Learning MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - *Postoperative Complications/etiology/epidemiology MH - *Bariatric Surgery/adverse effects MH - Random Forest MH - *Obesity, Morbid/surgery MH - Aged MH - Young Adult MH - Risk Assessment MH - Classification Algorithms MH - Prediction Algorithms MH - Boosting Machine Learning Algorithms MH - *Gastric Bypass/adverse effects MH - Gastrectomy/adverse effects OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bariatric surgery OT - Machine learning OT - Postoperative anemia OT - Prediction model COIS- Declarations. Ethical Approval: This study was conducted in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration and approved by the IRB of Hospital 1 (approval number blinded for peer review). Informed Consent: The requirement for informed consent was waived. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/09/29 19:04 MHDA- 2026/10/27 17:29 CRDT- 2026/09/29 11:12 PHST- 2026/06/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/10/27 17:29 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/29 19:04 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/29 11:12 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s11695-026-08965-y [pii] AID - 10.1007/s11695-026-08965-y [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Obes Surg. 2026 Nov;36(11):5595-5606. doi: 10.1007/s11695-026-08965-y. Epub 2026 Sep 29. PMID- 42808984 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260929 IS - 1935-5548 (Electronic) IS - 0149-5992 (Linking) DP - 2026 Sep 29 TI - Insulin Dose-Adjusted Hemoglobin A1c Has Suboptimal Performance for Identifying C-Peptide-Defined Partial Remission: The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study. LID - dc261313 [pii] LID - 10.2337/dc26-1313 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Insulin dose-adjusted hemoglobin A1c (IDAA1c = HbA1c [%] + [4 x total daily dose in units/kg/day]) /=85th percentile [overweight or obese]) using Wilcoxon rank sum and Fisher exact tests. Sensitivity, specificity, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) AUC of IDAA1c /=0.91 ng/mL with an ROC AUC of 0.77. Among participants with overweight or obesity, sensitivity was 45% and specificity 81%. A Youden index-derived cutoff of IDAA1c 0.05). Higher PDI scores were associated with modestly lower odds of WHR-defined central obesity (adjusted OR = 0.972; 95% CI: 0.947-0.997; p = 0.031), whereas associations with WC- and WHtR-defined central obesity were not significant. CONCLUSION: PDI scores were not consistently associated with measures of general or central adiposity. Although higher scores were associated with modestly lower odds of WHR-defined central obesity, this isolated finding was not supported by the continuous adiposity outcomes and should be considered exploratory. Prospective studies are needed to determine whether this association is reproducible. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Eman M. Alissa et al. BioMed Research International published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Alissa, Eman M AU - Alissa EM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8905-4870 AD - Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, kau.edu.sa. FAU - Algarni, Samiah A AU - Algarni SA AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-1204-8639 AD - Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, kau.edu.sa. FAU - Khaffji, Azza J AU - Khaffji AJ AD - Obstetrics and Gynecology, King Abdulaziz Hospital and Oncology Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Al Mansouri, Nisma M AU - Al Mansouri NM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4346-1291 AD - Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, kau.edu.sa. LA - eng GR - 30-37/King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology/ PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Biomed Res Int JT - BioMed research international JID - 101600173 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Saudi Arabia/epidemiology MH - Adult MH - *Obesity/epidemiology/physiopathology MH - Body Mass Index MH - Waist-Hip Ratio MH - Adolescent MH - *Diet, Vegetarian MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Waist Circumference/physiology MH - Young Adult MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Adiposity PMC - PMC13621456 OTO - NOTNLM OT - BMI OT - FFQ OT - diet pattern OT - vegetarian OT - waist circumference OT - waist-to-hip ratio COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/29 12:28 MHDA- 2026/09/29 12:29 PMCR- 2026/09/29 CRDT- 2026/09/29 08:02 PHST- 2026/09/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/29 12:29 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/29 12:28 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/29 08:02 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - BMRI4023284 [pii] AID - 10.1155/bmri/4023284 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Biomed Res Int. 2026;2026(1):e4023284. doi: 10.1155/bmri/4023284. PMID- 42807778 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260929 LR - 20260930 IS - 1520-6394 (Electronic) IS - 1091-4269 (Print) IS - 1091-4269 (Linking) VI - 2026 DP - 2026 TI - The Moderating Role of Trait Anxiety in the Relationship Between Acute Aerobic Exercise and Cognitive Control in College Students. PG - 1381460 LID - 10.1155/da/1381460 [doi] LID - 1381460 AB - OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to introduce trait anxiety as an individual-difference factor and further examine the complex relationship between acute aerobic exercise and cognitive control in college students. METHOD: A mixed experimental design was adopted. Trait anxiety was assessed using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and used to classify participants into high- and low-trait-anxiety groups. Cognitive control was measured with the AX continuous performance task (AX-CPT). The intervention conditions consisted of 20 min of seated rest and moderate-intensity acute aerobic exercise. A 2 (intervention: acute aerobic exercise vs. rest) x 2 (time: pretest vs. posttest) x 2 (trait anxiety: high vs. low) repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted. RESULTS: Only participants with high trait anxiety showed a significant reduction in posttest reaction time on BX trials, an index of proactive control, following acute aerobic exercise (p < 0.001), with no significant change in accuracy (p > 0.050). In addition, the proactive behavioral index (PBI) for error rate [PBI(error)] significantly increased in this group after exercise (p = 0.031). No significant changes were observed in d'(Proactive), A-cue bias, PBI(RT), PBI(composite), or indices of reactive control under any intervention condition. Among participants with low trait anxiety, neither intervention produced significant changes in proactive control, as reflected by BX trials, or reactive control, as reflected by AY trials and d'(Reactive) (all p s > 0.050). CONCLUSION: Trait anxiety exerted a significant influence on the relationship between acute aerobic exercise and cognitive control, with this effect being particularly evident in reaction time during proactive control. These findings suggest that future exercise interventions should incorporate individuals' baseline cognitive control characteristics to develop more precise and individualized exercise prescriptions. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Zongyu Yang et al. Depression and Anxiety published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Yang, Zongyu AU - Yang Z AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-4061-6204 AD - College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China, hunnu.edu.cn. FAU - Liu, Xiaoming AU - Liu X AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-6216-8007 AD - College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China, hunnu.edu.cn. FAU - Tang, Yi AU - Tang Y AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-2916-3422 AD - Yali High School, Changsha, China. FAU - Yin, Long AU - Yin L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5969-1358 AD - College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China, hunnu.edu.cn. FAU - Li, Fang AU - Li F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8594-2333 AD - College of Physical Education, Hunan First Normal University, Changsha, China, hnfnu.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260928 PL - United States TA - Depress Anxiety JT - Depression and anxiety JID - 9708816 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Students/psychology MH - *Anxiety/psychology/physiopathology MH - *Exercise/psychology/physiology MH - Female MH - Young Adult MH - Male MH - *Personality/physiology MH - Universities MH - *Executive Function/physiology MH - Adult MH - Adolescent MH - *Cognition/physiology PMC - PMC13617466 OTO - NOTNLM OT - acute aerobic exercise OT - cognitive control OT - college students OT - moderating effect OT - trait anxiety COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/29 12:28 MHDA- 2026/09/29 12:29 PMCR- 2026/09/28 CRDT- 2026/09/29 07:11 PHST- 2026/01/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/29 12:29 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/29 12:28 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/29 07:11 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - DA1381460 [pii] AID - 10.1155/da/1381460 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Depress Anxiety. 2026 Sep 28;2026:1381460. doi: 10.1155/da/1381460. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42807456 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260929 LR - 20260930 IS - 2296-2360 (Print) IS - 2296-2360 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2360 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Integrated multi-omics analysis to explore correlations among cord blood IGF-1 levels, metabolomic profiles, and meconium gut microbiota in small-for-gestational-age neonates. PG - 1942176 LID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1942176 [doi] LID - 1942176 AB - BACKGROUND: Small for gestational age (SGA) infants carry high risks of neonatal complications and lifelong metabolic disorders. This study explored correlations among cord blood IGF-1, cord blood metabolome, and meconium microbiota in SGA neonates to clarify the underlying pathophysiology. METHODS: We consecutively recruited 113 term newborns (53 SGA, 60 AGA) delivered at Hainan Women and Children's Medical Centre from June 2024 to March 2025. Cord blood IGF-1 was tested via chemiluminescence. UHPLC-MS/MS untargeted metabolomics and 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing were applied to characterize cord blood metabolites and meconium microbiota. Intergroup differences and partial Spearman correlations across IGF-1, metabolites, microbes and birth indices were analyzed, adjusting for gestational age, infant sex, and maternal delivery mode,where applicable. RESULTS: (1) SGA infants had markedly lower cord blood IGF-1 (P < 0.001), which positively correlated with birth weight and length. (partial Spearman r = 0.634 and 0.494, respectively, P < 0.001, after adjusting for gestational age, sex, and maternal BMI). (2) Two groups presented distinct metabolic profiles. SGA infants showed depleted glycerophospholipids, elevated chlorobenzene pollutants, and altered pathways involving bile secretion, choline and steroid metabolism. (3) No alpha diversity difference existed, yet beta diversity confirmed divergent microbial structures (R(2) = 0.0284, P = 0.046). SGA overrepresented Clostridium and Klebsiella, with reduced facultative pioneer bacteria. (4) SGA-enriched anaerobes negatively correlated with birth size and IGF-1, while chlorobenzene levels were positively associated with these pathogenic genera. CONCLUSIONS: SGA neonates feature suppressed IGF-1, intrauterine metabolic disorders and disordered initial gut colonization. Disturbed prenatal metabolism and pollutant exposure may jointly drive aberrant early microbiota development in growth-restricted newborns. The cross-sectional design precludes causal inference, and the chlorobenzene finding warrants independent validation. CI - (c) 2026 Li, Wang, Luo, Xie, Duan, Wang and Huang. FAU - Li, Yuanlong AU - Li Y AD - Department of Paediatrics, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Centre, Haikou, Hainan, China. FAU - Wang, Haizhen AU - Wang H AD - Department of Paediatrics, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Centre, Haikou, Hainan, China. FAU - Luo, Liangying AU - Luo L AD - Department of Paediatrics, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Centre, Haikou, Hainan, China. FAU - Xie, Junwei AU - Xie J AD - Department of Paediatrics, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Centre, Haikou, Hainan, China. FAU - Duan, Yumei AU - Duan Y AD - Department of Paediatrics, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Centre, Haikou, Hainan, China. FAU - Wang, Junqiong AU - Wang J AD - Department of Paediatrics, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Centre, Haikou, Hainan, China. FAU - Huang, Yan AU - Huang Y AD - Department of Paediatrics, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Centre, Haikou, Hainan, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260914 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Pediatr JT - Frontiers in pediatrics JID - 101615492 PMC - PMC13617061 OTO - NOTNLM OT - 16S rRNA microbiota sequencing OT - cord blood metabolome OT - gut microbiota OT - insulin-like growth factor-1 OT - small for gestational age COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/29 12:28 MHDA- 2026/09/29 12:29 PMCR- 2026/09/14 CRDT- 2026/09/29 06:33 PHST- 2026/07/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/29 12:29 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/29 12:28 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/29 06:33 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1942176 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Pediatr. 2026 Sep 14;14:1942176. doi: 10.3389/fped.2026.1942176. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42804735 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260928 LR - 20260930 IS - 1464-360X (Electronic) IS - 1101-1262 (Print) IS - 1101-1262 (Linking) VI - 36 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Aug 4 TI - Accuracy of parent- and self-reported height and weight data in children: a systematic review. LID - 10.1093/eurpub/ckag175 [doi] LID - ckag175 AB - Growth monitoring is a key component of preventive youth healthcare (YHC) in the Netherlands and many other countries. Parent- and self-reported height and weight measurements can be used to enhance flexibility and parental involvement, especially during remote visits. While these data are practical, concerns exist about their accuracy, particularly for individual assessment. This literature review aimed to determine the accuracy of parent- or self-reported height and weight data for use in YHC. A systematic review was conducted, including studies from the past 13.5 years comparing parent- or self-reported and measured height and weight data in children. Data on correlation coefficients and mean differences were extracted. Meta-analyses were performed by reporting source, age group, and sex. Twenty-nine studies were included. Correlations between reported and measured values ranged from poor to almost perfect. Parent-reported data were more accurate for children aged 4-11 years than for those aged 0-3 years; self-reported data were more accurate in adolescents aged 12-18 years than for those aged 4-11 years. Systematic underestimation of height and weight was observed in parent-reported data for those aged 4-11 years. Self-reported data showed similar trends, with accuracy increasing with age. We conclude that parent- and self-reported height and weight data lack sufficient accuracy for individual growth monitoring in YHC. If used, the data source should be clearly indicated in health records. Further research is needed to improve the accuracy of reported measurements for potential use in Dutch YHC. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association. FAU - Deurloo, Jacqueline A AU - Deurloo JA AD - TNO, Child Health, Leiden, The Netherlands. AD - GGD Hollands Noorden, Youth Health Care, Alkmaar, The Netherlands. FAU - van Dommelen, Paula AU - van Dommelen P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5546-6244 AD - TNO, Child Health, Leiden, The Netherlands. FAU - van Zoonen, Renate AU - van Zoonen R AD - TNO, Child Health, Leiden, The Netherlands. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Systematic Review PL - England TA - Eur J Public Health JT - European journal of public health JID - 9204966 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Body Height MH - Child MH - *Body Weight MH - *Self Report/standards MH - *Parents MH - Adolescent MH - Child, Preschool MH - Netherlands MH - Female MH - Male MH - Infant PMC - PMC13618880 COIS- None declared. EDAT- 2026/09/28 17:31 MHDA- 2026/09/28 17:32 PMCR- 2026/09/28 CRDT- 2026/09/28 16:03 PHST- 2026/09/28 17:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/28 17:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/28 16:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 8842574 [pii] AID - ckag175 [pii] AID - 10.1093/eurpub/ckag175 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Public Health. 2026 Aug 4;36(5):ckag175. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckag175. PMID- 42804465 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260930 IS - 1469-445X (Electronic) IS - 0958-0670 (Print) IS - 0958-0670 (Linking) DP - 2026 Sep 28 TI - Association between dietary fatty acids and all-cause mortality in patients with cirrhosis: A cohort study. LID - 10.1113/EP093526 [doi] AB - Liver cirrhosis imposes a substantial global burden, with complications driving high mortality. Diet is pivotal in managing liver disease progression and cirrhosis-related death. This study investigated associations between total fat intake, specific dietary fatty acid subclasses and all-cause mortality in cirrhotic patients. In this prospective cohort study, 121 ambulatory patients with recently diagnosed cirrhosis (/=4 days/week) were significant associated with a lower probability of VD insufficiency. The global predictive scorecard achieved an optimism-corrected area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (optimism-corrected AUC) of 0.714. Crucially, the subgroup model restricted to overweight individuals (BMI >/= 25 kg/m(2)) demonstrated acceptable exploratory discrimination (optimism-corrected AUC = 0.768, sensitivity 69.2%, specificity 89.7%), serving as a preliminary proof-of-concept assessment for risk stratification. CONCLUSION: By integrating body composition dynamics and cultural habits, this cost-effective model provides a preliminary, exploratory non-invasive screening structure for Paraguayan youth that warrants further multi-center prospective validation before clinical implementation. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Gonzalez, Mino, Espinoza, Cano, Recalde, Miguel and Ishikawa. FAU - Gonzalez, Anabel AU - Gonzalez A AD - Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Health Science, Universidad Santa Clara de Asis (USCA), Caaguazu, Paraguay. FAU - Mino, Camila AU - Mino C AD - Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Health Science, Universidad Santa Clara de Asis (USCA), Caaguazu, Paraguay. AD - Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, Universidad Santa Clara de Asis (USCA), Caaguazu, Paraguay. FAU - Espinoza, Elena AU - Espinoza E AD - Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Health Science, Universidad Santa Clara de Asis (USCA), Caaguazu, Paraguay. FAU - Cano, Marlene AU - Cano M AD - Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, Universidad Santa Clara de Asis (USCA), Caaguazu, Paraguay. FAU - Recalde, Milciades AU - Recalde M AD - Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Health Science, Universidad Santa Clara de Asis (USCA), Caaguazu, Paraguay. FAU - Miguel, Carlos AU - Miguel C AD - Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Health Science, Universidad Santa Clara de Asis (USCA), Caaguazu, Paraguay. AD - Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, Universidad Santa Clara de Asis (USCA), Caaguazu, Paraguay. FAU - Ishikawa, Dai AU - Ishikawa D AD - Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Health Science, Universidad Santa Clara de Asis (USCA), Caaguazu, Paraguay. AD - Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, Universidad Santa Clara de Asis (USCA), Caaguazu, Paraguay. AD - Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), Asuncion, Paraguay. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260911 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Nutr JT - Frontiers in nutrition JID - 101642264 PMC - PMC13612359 OTO - NOTNLM OT - body composition OT - logistic regression OT - mate consumption OT - predictive model OT - traditional habit OT - vitamin D insufficiency COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/27 02:27 MHDA- 2026/09/27 02:28 PMCR- 2026/09/11 CRDT- 2026/09/26 05:12 PHST- 2026/07/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/27 02:28 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/27 02:27 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/26 05:12 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1953400 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Nutr. 2026 Sep 11;13:1953400. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1953400. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42798427 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260926 LR - 20260927 IS - 1664-1078 (Print) IS - 1664-1078 (Electronic) IS - 1664-1078 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Physical literacy and adolescent mental well-being: A chain mediation of basic psychological needs satisfaction and emotion regulation. PG - 1950111 LID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1950111 [doi] LID - 1950111 AB - BACKGROUND: Adolescent mental wellbeing is a pressing global concern. Physical literacy (PL) - the motivation, confidence, physical competence, knowledge, and understanding to value physical activity for life - has emerged as a potentially protective factor for mental wellbeing. However, the mechanisms linking PL to mental wellbeing remain poorly understood. Drawing on Self-Determination Theory and emotion regulation theory, this study examined whether basic psychological needs satisfaction (BPNS) and emotion regulation serve as sequential mediators in the PL-mental wellbeing relationship among adolescents. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in November 2024 with 687 Chinese middle school students from Hubei Province (48.3% female; aged 12-16 years), recruited using stratified cluster sampling from three public schools. Participants completed validated Chinese measures of physical literacy (PPLI), basic psychological needs (BPNSFS), emotion regulation (ERQ), and mental wellbeing (WEMWBS). Covariance-based structural equation modeling (robust maximum likelihood) with bias-corrected bootstrapping (5,000 resamples) tested the chain mediation model. RESULTS: The final analytical sample comprised 687 adolescents (48.3% female), who reported moderate levels of PL (M = 3.42, SD = 0.68), BPNS (M = 3.56, SD = 0.62), cognitive reappraisal (M = 4.52, SD = 1.08), and mental wellbeing (M = 3.51, SD = 0.71). PL was positively associated with mental wellbeing (beta = 0.38, p < 0.001), the standardized total effect estimated in the structural equation model. The direct effect remained significant (beta = 0.14, p = 0.006). The chain mediation pathway - PL --> BPNS --> emotion regulation --> mental wellbeing - was significant (indirect effect = 0.12, 95% CI [0.08, 0.17]), accounting for 31.6% of the total effect. Individual mediation paths through BPNS (indirect effect = 0.05, 95% CI [0.01, 0.09]) and emotion regulation (indirect effect = 0.07, 95% CI [0.04, 0.11]) were also significant. The model explained 42% of the variance in mental wellbeing. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that PL is associated with adolescent mental wellbeing through a sequential pathway involving BPNS and emotion regulation. The results highlight the potential value of PL development and need-supportive environments in educational settings. Future longitudinal research is needed to examine temporal dynamics. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Zhang. FAU - Zhang, Bing AU - Zhang B AD - Institute of Physical Education, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, Hubei, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260911 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Psychol JT - Frontiers in psychology JID - 101550902 PMC - PMC13612352 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Self-Determination Theory OT - adolescents OT - basic psychological needs satisfaction OT - chain mediation OT - emotion regulation OT - mental wellbeing OT - physical literacy COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/26 05:35 MHDA- 2026/09/26 05:36 PMCR- 2026/09/11 CRDT- 2026/09/26 04:58 PHST- 2026/07/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/31 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/26 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/26 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/26 04:58 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1950111 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Psychol. 2026 Sep 11;17:1950111. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1950111. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42797089 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260926 LR - 20260929 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 18 DP - 2026 Sep 21 TI - Domain-Dependent Performance of Human Experts and AI Systems in Pediatric Menu Evaluation. LID - 10.3390/nu18183106 [doi] LID - 3106 AB - BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Artificial intelligence (AI) tools are increasingly used for dietary assessment, but their reliability in pediatric nutrition remains uncertain. This study compared AI systems and human evaluators in pediatric menu assessment against expert-defined reference ratings. METHODS: This observational cross-sectional study used anonymized dietary and clinical information from three healthy pediatric cases. A multidisciplinary panel of pediatric nutrition specialists established standard evaluations. Assessments were completed by 84 AI evaluations, 116 nutrition specialists, 56 pediatric-focused physicians, and 88 physicians from other specialties. Outcomes included absolute error in total energy estimation, deviations in portion and qualitative ratings, standardized scores, and binary adequacy accuracy. Groups were compared using ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis tests with post hoc analyses. RESULTS: A total of 344 assessments were included. Energy-estimation error differed between groups (Kruskal-Wallis = 12.85, p = 0.0016), but this analysis was based on a limited and highly unbalanced subset of 77 assessments. AI had the largest mean absolute error (260.3 +/- 194.3 kcal), followed by nutrition specialists (148.4 +/- 81.5 kcal); physicians with other specialties had the lowest error (60.4 +/- 53.3 kcal); these subgroup comparisons should be interpreted cautiously because of the small and unequal numbers of available energy estimates. AI showed greater portion-rating deviation (0.488; 95% CI: 0.38-0.60) than nutrition specialists (0.310; 95% CI: 0.20-0.42; p = 0.0019, q = 0.0059) and pediatric-focused physicians (0.286; 95% CI: 0.16-0.41; p = 0.0181, q = 0.019). Conversely, AI showed the lowest deviations for variety (0.37 +/- 0.49) and processing (0.33 +/- 0.47), compared with 1.15-1.36 and 1.22-1.57, respectively, among human groups (both p = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: AI may support structured pediatric menu screening for descriptive qualitative features; however, lower precision for energy and portion assessment supports, under these specific conditions, its use as an adjunct, for qualified nutrition professionals. FAU - Martin-Hadmas, Roxana Maria AU - Martin-Hadmas RM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1499-5398 AD - Department of Community Nutrition and Food Safety, "George Emil Palade" University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, Gheorghe Marinescu 38, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania. FAU - Sovea, Rebeca AU - Sovea R AD - Department of Community Nutrition and Food Safety, "George Emil Palade" University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, Gheorghe Marinescu 38, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania. FAU - Pol, Diana AU - Pol D AD - Department of Community Nutrition and Food Safety, "George Emil Palade" University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, Gheorghe Marinescu 38, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania. FAU - Gavra, George Mihaita AU - Gavra GM AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-9594-1231 AD - Center for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania. FAU - Tarcea, Monica AU - Tarcea M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7299-118X AD - Department of Community Nutrition and Food Safety, "George Emil Palade" University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, Gheorghe Marinescu 38, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania. FAU - Neghirla, Adriana AU - Neghirla A AD - Mures School Medicine Association, 540233 Targu Mures, Romania. FAU - Martin, Stefan Adrian AU - Martin SA AD - Center for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260921 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Artificial Intelligence MH - *Nutrition Assessment MH - Child MH - Female MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Energy Intake MH - Male MH - *Menu Planning MH - Pediatrics MH - Nutritionists PMC - PMC13610824 OTO - NOTNLM OT - artificial intelligence OT - clinical decision support OT - dietary assessment OT - energy estimation OT - large language models OT - menu evaluation OT - nutrition professionals OT - pediatric nutrition COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/26 05:35 MHDA- 2026/09/26 05:36 PMCR- 2026/09/21 CRDT- 2026/09/26 01:15 PHST- 2026/08/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/26 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/26 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/26 01:15 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18183106 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-03106 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18183106 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Sep 21;18(18):3106. doi: 10.3390/nu18183106. PMID- 42797068 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260926 LR - 20260929 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 18 DP - 2026 Sep 20 TI - Iodine Nutrition, Non-Genetic Factors, and Two Candidate Polymorphisms Associated with Thyroid Function Abnormalities Among Children Aged 8-10 Years in Iodine-Adequate Areas of Tianjin, China. LID - 10.3390/nu18183085 [doi] LID - 3085 AB - Background/Objectives: As dietary and environmental exposures change, interacting with genetic susceptibility, the prevalence of thyroid function abnormality and subclinical thyroid dysfunction in children is rising, yet systematic research in this population remains scarce. Methods: From 13 districts of Tianjin, China, all characterized by adequate iodine levels, 997 children between the ages of 8-10 years were recruited using a school-based sampling approach. Peripheral venous blood samples were drawn for genotyping analysis of two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) rs2268458 and NK2 homeobox 1 (NKX2-1) rs2076735 using the Sequenom MassARRAY platform. In addition, data on 31 non-genetic factors, including urinary iodine concentration (UIC), were collected. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) models were used to examine the non-linear associations between UIC and thyroid abnormalities. Multivariable Poisson regression was applied to identify factors associated with thyroid outcomes. Results: The overall prevalence of thyroid function abnormality in the study population was 17.35%, with detection rates of 3.51% for subclinical hyperthyroidism and 2.21% for subclinical hypothyroidism. After adjusting for age, sex, body mass index z-score (BMI-z-score), district of residence, and recruitment year, RCS models revealed significant U-shaped non-linear associations between UIC and both free triiodothyronine (FT(3)) abnormality (P(overall) = 0.003, P(nonlinear) < 0.001) and overall thyroid function abnormality (P(overall) = 0.042, P(nonlinear) = 0.029). In multivariable analysis, after Bonferroni correction within prespecified hypothesis families, family history of thyroid disease in first-degree relatives remained significantly associated with subclinical hyperthyroidism (adjusted p = 0.015), and UIC < 100 mug/L remained significantly associated with overall thyroid function abnormality (adjusted p = 0.036). In addition, district of residence was associated with subclinical hypothyroidism after correction (adjusted p = 0.009). Stratified analyses revealed potential subgroup-specific effects. Children with the NKX2-1 rs2076735 TT + TC genotype and UIC < 100 mug/L had a higher prevalence of thyroid function abnormality compared with the reference group (UIC 100-299 mug/L) (p = 0.031, PR = 3.093, 95% CI: 1.108, 8.636). Frequent consumption of kelp or laver soup was associated with a higher prevalence of subclinical hyperthyroidism among children with the NKX2-1 rs2076735 CC genotype or the TSHR rs2268458 TT genotype (p = 0.049, PR = 3.636, 95% CI: 1.006, 13.140; p = 0.023, PR = 4.814, 95% CI: 1.245, 18.610, respectively). Among children with the NKX2-1 rs2076735 CC genotype, those with a family history of thyroid disease had a higher prevalence of subclinical hyperthyroidism (p = 0.029, PR = 4.114, 95% CI: 1.152, 14.688). After Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate correction, none of the subgroup-specific associations remained statistically significant (adjusted p-values: 0.058-0.065). Conclusions: The prevalence of thyroid function abnormality and subclinical thyroid dysfunction was relatively high among school-aged children in this study population from Tianjin, China. After adjustment for covariates and correction for multiple comparisons, family history of thyroid disease, UIC < 100 mug/L, and district of residence remained significantly associated with subclinical hyperthyroidism, overall thyroid function abnormality, and subclinical hypothyroidism, respectively. A U-shaped association was observed between UIC and thyroid health, highlighting the importance of maintaining adequate iodine nutrition. However, stratified analyses suggested potential subgroup-specific associations that require validation in larger, independent cohorts. FAU - Duan, Yani AU - Duan Y AD - Institute of Environment and Public Health, Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 6 Huayue Road, Hedong District, Tianjin 300011, China. FAU - Wang, Yang AU - Wang Y AD - Institute of Environment and Public Health, Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 6 Huayue Road, Hedong District, Tianjin 300011, China. FAU - Li, Fang AU - Li F AD - Institute of Environment and Public Health, Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 6 Huayue Road, Hedong District, Tianjin 300011, China. FAU - Li, Wenfeng AU - Li W AD - Institute of Environment and Public Health, Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 6 Huayue Road, Hedong District, Tianjin 300011, China. FAU - Zhang, Dandan AU - Zhang D AD - Institute of Environment and Public Health, Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 6 Huayue Road, Hedong District, Tianjin 300011, China. FAU - Cui, Yushan AU - Cui Y AD - Institute of Environment and Public Health, Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 6 Huayue Road, Hedong District, Tianjin 300011, China. LA - eng GR - TJWJ2024QN091/Tianjin Health Research Project/ GR - 82173641/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - TJYXZDXK-3-020B/Tianjin Key Medical Discipline Construction/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260920 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 9679TC07X4 (Iodine) RN - 0 (Receptors, Thyrotropin) RN - 0 (Thyroid Nuclear Factor 1) RN - 0 (TSHR protein, human) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Iodine/urine/administration & dosage/deficiency MH - China/epidemiology MH - Child MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide MH - Hyperthyroidism/genetics/epidemiology MH - *Thyroid Gland/physiopathology MH - *Receptors, Thyrotropin/genetics MH - Prevalence MH - Genetic Predisposition to Disease MH - *Hypothyroidism/genetics/epidemiology MH - *Nutritional Status MH - *Thyroid Nuclear Factor 1/genetics MH - *Thyroid Diseases/genetics/epidemiology MH - Thyroid Function Tests PMC - PMC13610479 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Iodine status OT - NKX2-1 OT - TSHR OT - children OT - subclinical thyroid dysfunction OT - thyroid function abnormality COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/26 05:35 MHDA- 2026/09/26 05:36 PMCR- 2026/09/20 CRDT- 2026/09/26 01:15 PHST- 2026/08/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/26 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/26 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/26 01:15 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18183085 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-03085 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18183085 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Sep 20;18(18):3085. doi: 10.3390/nu18183085. PMID- 42797056 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260926 LR - 20260929 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 18 DP - 2026 Sep 20 TI - Pro-Inflammatory Dietary Profiles Are Associated with Psychosocial Functioning in Spanish Adolescents: Findings from the EHDLA Study. LID - 10.3390/nu18183073 [doi] LID - 3073 AB - Background: Dietary factors may influence psychosocial outcomes through inflammatory pathways, but evidence in adolescents remains limited. The aim was to examine whether dietary inflammatory potential is associated with psychosocial functioning among Spanish adolescents. Methods: This cross-sectional study is based on a subsample from the Eating Healthy and Daily Life Activities (EHDLA) project, conducted in the Region of Murcia (Spain). Dietary inflammatory potential was assessed using a dietary inflammatory index (DII)-informed Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ)-derived inflammatory score based on a validated 45-item food frequency questionnaire. Behavioral functioning was evaluated using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Associations between DII-informed FFQ-derived inflammatory scores and SDQ outcomes were examined using robust linear regression models adjusted for sociodemographic, lifestyle, and anthropometric factors. Results: The analysis included 674 adolescents (57.1% girls; age: 14.0 [13.0-15.0] years). Higher DII-informed FFQ-derived inflammatory score (more pro-inflammatory diet) was associated with greater total behavioral difficulties (unstandardized beta coefficient [B] = 0.058; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.005-0.111; standardized beta = 0.099), conduct problems (B = 0.025; 95% CI: 0.011-0.039; beta = 0.148), hyperactivity/inattention (B = 0.032; 95% CI: 0.013-0.052; beta = 0.154), and externalizing problems (B = 0.056; 95% CI: 0.028-0.084; beta = 0.181), and with lower prosocial behavior (B = -0.029; 95% CI: -0.045 to -0.014; beta = -0.149). Multiple imputation sensitivity analyses yielded estimates in a similar direction, although the associations did not reach statistical significance. No significant associations were observed for emotional symptoms, peer relationship problems, or internalizing difficulties. Conclusions: Higher dietary inflammatory potential was associated with a less favorable psychosocial functioning profile among adolescents, particularly in externalizing domains. Longitudinal studies and anti-inflammatory dietary interventions are needed to determine whether the observed associations translate into meaningful changes in psychosocial functioning. FAU - Marrero-Fernandez, Paula AU - Marrero-Fernandez P AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-0031-0408 AD - Department of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of La Laguna, Avda. Astrofisico Francisco Sanchez s/n, 38001 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain. FAU - Munoz-Pardeza, Jacinto AU - Munoz-Pardeza J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0210-2866 AD - Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Publica de Navarra (UPNA), Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain. FAU - Mino, Camila AU - Mino C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9444-8564 AD - European Institute of Higher Studies (IEES), 4820-509 Fafe, Portugal. FAU - Lopez-Gil, Jose Francisco AU - Lopez-Gil JF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7412-7624 AD - School of Medicine, Universidad Espiritu Santo, Samborondon 092301, Ecuador. AD - Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autonoma de Chile, Temuco 4810101, Chile. FAU - Lopez-Moreno, Miguel AU - Lopez-Moreno M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0553-6210 AD - Diet, Planetary Health and Performance, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Madrid, Spain. AD - Institute of Health and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Madrid, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260920 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Spain/epidemiology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - *Inflammation/psychology/etiology MH - *Diet/adverse effects MH - *Psychosocial Functioning MH - *Adolescent Behavior/psychology MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Feeding Behavior PMC - PMC13610942 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - behavioral problems OT - diet-related inflammation OT - dietary inflammatory index OT - psychosocial functioning OT - strengths and difficulties questionnaire COIS- ML-M reports having previously received remuneration from Danone and Foods For Tomorrow for advisory board participation and consulting activities. These activities were unrelated to the submitted work and are not ongoing. At present, he has no active financial relationships with these entities. All other authors reported no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/26 05:35 MHDA- 2026/09/26 05:36 PMCR- 2026/09/20 CRDT- 2026/09/26 01:15 PHST- 2026/08/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/26 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/26 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/26 01:15 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18183073 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-03073 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18183073 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Sep 20;18(18):3073. doi: 10.3390/nu18183073. PMID- 42797034 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260926 LR - 20260930 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 18 DP - 2026 Sep 18 TI - Dietary Behaviours Mediate Intervention Effects on Body Composition Outcomes in Children: Evidence from a Cluster-Randomised Controlled Trial. LID - 10.3390/nu18183051 [doi] LID - 3051 AB - BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Few paediatric obesity trials have examined behavioural mediators of intervention effects on detailed body composition outcomes beyond body mass index (BMI). Given the complexity of multiple correlated body composition indicators, this study aimed to employ principal component analysis (PCA) to derive a composite adiposity factor and to apply mediation analysis to identify whether changes in dietary behaviours and physical activity mediated the effects of the DECIDE-Children intervention on body composition. METHODS: This study included 1180 children from a 9-month cluster-randomised controlled trial that delivered a multifaceted, digitally assisted intervention targeting children (health education, physical activity reinforcement, and app-based BMI monitoring/feedback) and their environments (school food policies and family engagement). Outcomes were changes in body composition (whole-body and trunk fat mass, fat-free mass, and muscle mass indices measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis). Potential mediators included changes in dietary behaviour, screen time, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), assessed via validated questionnaires. PCA was used to reduce the dimensionality of body composition variables and to derive a composite adiposity factor (PCA_1), with higher values indicating greater adiposity and lower muscle mass. Mediation was tested using linear mixed-effects models adjusted for age, sex, and region. RESULTS: The intervention significantly reduced adiposity indicators (e.g., whole-body and trunk fat mass percentage decreased by 1.003%, and PCA_1 decreased by 0.942 SD) and concurrently increased fat-free mass percentage and muscle mass percentage at both whole-body and trunk levels. Dietary behaviour significantly mediated the intervention effects on all body composition outcomes (e.g., mediating 16.1% of the effect on PCA_1), whereas physical activity (both screen time and MVPA) showed no mediation. Sensitivity analyses supported the primary findings. CONCLUSIONS: The DECIDE-Children intervention improved body composition by reducing adiposity and increasing fat-free and muscle mass percentage, effects primarily mediated by dietary behaviour. These findings highlight dietary behaviour as a key component in paediatric obesity intervention. FAU - Zhang, Li AU - Zhang L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0367-0419 AD - Clinical Research Center for Children's Health and Diseases, Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan 250014, China. FAU - Wang, Lu AU - Wang L AD - National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China. FAU - Yin, Chun-Jie AU - Yin CJ AD - National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China. FAU - Duan, Yu-Qi AU - Duan YQ AD - National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China. FAU - Ma, Jiaolong AU - Ma J AD - School of Public Health, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China. FAU - Yan, Shi-Yu AU - Yan SY AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-4067-9652 AD - National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China. FAU - Chin, Yit Siew AU - Chin YS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7609-1944 AD - Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia. FAU - Li, Yan AU - Li Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2233-7061 AD - Clinical Research Center for Children's Health and Diseases, Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan 250014, China. FAU - Wang, Hai-Jun AU - Wang HJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0849-2903 AD - School of Public Health, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China. AD - National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China. LA - eng GR - Z20243204/Shandong Province Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Project/ GR - SFYZXET-202501/Shandong Maternal and Child Health Association Child Growth and Development Medical Research Project/ GR - 2016YFC1300204/National Key R&D Program of China/ PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20260918 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Child MH - *Body Composition MH - Exercise MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Adiposity MH - Body Mass Index MH - *Pediatric Obesity/prevention & control/therapy MH - Principal Component Analysis MH - *Diet MH - *Health Behavior MH - Cluster Analysis PMC - PMC13610272 OTO - NOTNLM OT - body composition OT - children OT - dietary behaviour OT - mediation analysis OT - obesity OT - principal component analysis OT - randomised controlled trial COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/26 05:35 MHDA- 2026/09/26 05:36 PMCR- 2026/09/18 CRDT- 2026/09/26 01:15 PHST- 2026/07/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/26 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/26 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/26 01:15 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18183051 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-03051 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18183051 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Sep 18;18(18):3051. doi: 10.3390/nu18183051. PMID- 42796999 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260926 LR - 20260929 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 18 DP - 2026 Sep 15 TI - Tibetan Butter Tea Consumption and Cognitive Performance Among Tibetan Adolescents at High Altitude. LID - 10.3390/nu18183017 [doi] LID - 3017 AB - Background: Tibetan butter tea sits at a tension between the health concerns raised by its high salt and fat content and the potential cognitive benefits of its tea-derived constituents, yet whether this traditional beverage is associated with cognition in high-altitude Tibetan adolescents has not been directly examined. Methods: We conducted a school-based cross-sectional study of Tibetan students in grades 7-12 in Lhasa, Xizang, China, between June 2024 and June 2025. The analytic sample included 7967 students, with ages ranging from 10.18 to 24.82 years (mean +/- SD: 16.06 +/- 1.80). Butter tea consumption frequency was self-reported. Cognitive performance was assessed with Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices; low cognitive performance was defined as a score below the grade-specific 25th percentile. Logistic regression with cluster-robust standard errors estimated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for demographic, family, socioeconomic, sleep, physical activity, and lifestyle factors, both overall and in sex-specific models. Results: Among 7967 Tibetan students, 3534 were male, and 4433 were female. Low cognitive performance was most prevalent among students reporting daily (29.56%) or never (26.34%) consumption and less prevalent among those reporting occasional (22.18%) or frequent (20.39%) consumption. Compared with never consumption, occasional consumption (aOR = 0.79; 95% CI, 0.70-0.88; p < 0.001) and frequent consumption (aOR = 0.71; 95% CI, 0.55-0.90; p = 0.004) were associated with lower odds of low cognitive performance. Daily consumption was not statistically significant. In sex-stratified analyses, frequent consumption was associated with lower odds among males (aOR = 0.68; 95% CI, 0.49-0.93; p = 0.018). Among females, both occasional (aOR = 0.76; 95% CI, 0.64-0.90; p = 0.001) and frequent (aOR = 0.74; 95% CI, 0.58-0.93; p = 0.011) consumption were associated with lower odds. Conclusions: Occasional and frequent consumption of Tibetan butter tea was associated with reduced odds of low cognitive performance among Tibetan adolescents at high altitude, with modest sex differences. These findings suggest that Tibetan butter tea should be evaluated as a culturally embedded whole-dietary exposure and may inform culturally sensitive school-based nutrition education and public health guidance in high-altitude Tibetan settings; however, causal inference cannot be established from this cross-sectional study, and longitudinal validation is needed. FAU - Deng, Liping AU - Deng L AD - Lhasa Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lhasa 850005, China. FAU - Fang, Yuhang AU - Fang Y AD - Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Shanghai 200237, China. FAU - Pingcuo, Pingcuo AU - Pingcuo P AD - Lhasa Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lhasa 850005, China. FAU - Cirenyangzong, Cirenyangzong AU - Cirenyangzong C AD - Lhasa Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lhasa 850005, China. FAU - Zhao, Wenhu AU - Zhao W AD - Lhasa Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lhasa 850005, China. FAU - Zhao, Junmei AU - Zhao J AD - Lhasa Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lhasa 850005, China. FAU - Wang, Yanhui AU - Wang Y AD - Lhasa Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lhasa 850005, China. FAU - Xu, Simin AU - Xu S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4853-7598 AD - Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Shanghai 200237, China. FAU - Lian, Qiguo AU - Lian Q AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8307-0116 AD - Lhasa Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lhasa 850005, China. AD - Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Shanghai 200237, China. LA - eng GR - XZ202301ZY0045G/Science and Technology Projects of Xizang Autonomous Region, China/ GR - XZ2023ZR-ZY25(Z)/Xizang Natural Science Foundation/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260915 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 0 (Tea) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - Tibet MH - *Altitude MH - *Cognition MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Tea MH - Child MH - Young Adult MH - Students PMC - PMC13610373 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Tibetan butter tea OT - Xizang OT - cognitive performance OT - high altitude OT - students COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/26 05:35 MHDA- 2026/09/27 02:27 PMCR- 2026/09/15 CRDT- 2026/09/26 01:15 PHST- 2026/07/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/27 02:27 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/26 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/26 01:15 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18183017 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-03017 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18183017 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Sep 15;18(18):3017. doi: 10.3390/nu18183017. PMID- 42796989 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260926 LR - 20260929 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 18 DP - 2026 Sep 14 TI - Retinal and Choroidal Vascular Changes Associated with Vitamin D Deficiency. LID - 10.3390/nu18183006 [doi] LID - 3006 AB - Vitamin D is involved in endothelial regulation, inflammatory control, oxidative stress responses, angiogenesis, and neurovascular homeostasis, providing a biological basis for its potential involvement in the retinal and choroidal circulation. This narrative review synthesizes evidence from studies investigating associations between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations and ocular vascular parameters assessed using optical coherence tomography (OCT), OCT angiography (OCTA), and retinal vascular imaging. Evidence from adult and pediatric populations generally associated vitamin D deficiency (VDD) with lower vessel density in the superficial and deep capillary plexuses, altered retinal vascular caliber and foveal avascular zone morphology, and reduced choroidal thickness or vascularity. However, the direction and magnitude of retinal OCTA findings were inconsistent, and conventional retinal structural measurements frequently remained unchanged. Supplementation studies reported relatively consistent increases in choroidal thickness and vascularity, whereas retinal perfusion responses were limited. Preliminary studies suggested that correction of VDD might support a more sustained response to bevacizumab in diabetic macular edema and central retinal vein occlusion, although this effect was not demonstrated consistently across retinal vascular diseases. Lower 25(OH)D concentrations were also more frequent among patients with retinal vascular occlusions, but residual systemic vascular confounding limits causal interpretation. Overall, current evidence supports a biologically plausible association between vitamin D status and ocular microvascular health but does not establish causality, functional visual benefit, or a specific therapeutic indication for supplementation. Longitudinal multicenter studies and randomized trials using standardized imaging protocols, functional outcomes, biochemical confirmation of vitamin D correction, and validated automated image analysis are required to determine the clinical relevance and reversibility of these findings. FAU - Tarasi, Tudor Corneliu AU - Tarasi TC AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-7275-4285 AD - Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania. FAU - Donica, Vlad Constantin AU - Donica VC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8814-3932 AD - Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania. FAU - Cianga, Vlad-Andrei AU - Cianga VA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3215-2562 AD - Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania. FAU - Anita, Dragos-Constantin AU - Anita DC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5463-6651 AD - Ion Ionescu de la Brad Iasi University of Life Sciences, 700490 Iasi, Romania. FAU - Lazar, Mircea AU - Lazar M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3876-8416 AD - Ion Ionescu de la Brad Iasi University of Life Sciences, 700490 Iasi, Romania. FAU - Tirnovanu, Stefan-Dragos AU - Tirnovanu SD AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-2624-8890 AD - Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania. FAU - Branisteanu, Daciana Elena AU - Branisteanu DE AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-5954-1159 AD - Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania. AD - Department of Dermatology, Cai Ferate Clinical Hospital, 700506 Iasi, Romania. FAU - Alexa, Anisia Iuliana AU - Alexa AI AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4226-3779 AD - Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania. FAU - Branisteanu, Daniel-Constantin AU - Branisteanu DC AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-5147-9596 AD - Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania. AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Cai Ferate Clinical Hospital, 700506 Iasi, Romania. LA - eng GR - Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy/ PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260914 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 1406-16-2 (Vitamin D) RN - A288AR3C9H (25-hydroxyvitamin D) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Vitamin D Deficiency/complications/blood MH - Vitamin D/analogs & derivatives/blood MH - *Retinal Vessels/diagnostic imaging/pathology MH - Tomography, Optical Coherence MH - *Choroid/blood supply/diagnostic imaging MH - *Retinal Diseases/etiology MH - Child MH - Dietary Supplements MH - Adult PMC - PMC13610918 OTO - NOTNLM OT - choroidal vasculature OT - optical coherence tomography angiography OT - retinal microvasculature OT - vessel density OT - vitamin D deficiency COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/26 05:35 MHDA- 2026/09/26 05:36 PMCR- 2026/09/14 CRDT- 2026/09/26 01:15 PHST- 2026/08/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/26 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/26 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/26 01:15 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18183006 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-03006 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18183006 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Sep 14;18(18):3006. doi: 10.3390/nu18183006. PMID- 42796979 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260926 LR - 20260929 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 18 DP - 2026 Sep 13 TI - Biochemical-Anthropometric Indices Assessing Liver Steatosis Identified in Elastography in Children with Metabolic DysFunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease. LID - 10.3390/nu18182996 [doi] LID - 2996 AB - Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most common cause of liver pathology in children. Hepatic fat content can be assessed by a transient elastography, but this method is not widely used. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of a simple, surrogate biochemical-anthropometric indices of liver steatosis: FLI (Fatty Liver Index), HSI (Hepatic Steatosis Index), and LAP (Lipid Accumulation Product) in children with MASLD. Methods: The retrospective study included a group of 103 obese/overweight children. MASLD was diagnosed according to criteria developed by a multisociety statement published in Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition in 2024. Liver steatosis (controlled attenuation parameter/CAP/) was assessed in elastography. HSI, FLI, and LAP were calculated according to their mathematical formulas. ROC analysis and multivariate logistic regression were performed to calculate the power of the studied indices in diagnostics of liver steatosis in children with MASLD. Results: MASLD was diagnosed in 72 children (70%). Children with MASLD had significantly higher levels of ALT, AST, GGT, uric acid, value of BMI, waist circumference, HOMA-IR, and indices HSI, FLI, LAP compared to the group of non-hepatopathic controls (n = 31). HSI, FLI, and LAP significantly correlated with CAP. All indices identified MASLD in the ROC analysis (AUC = 0.77, 0.76, 0.68 resp.). However, only HSI remained a significant independent predictor of hepatic steatosis in overweight/obese children. Conclusions: Although HSI, FLI, and LAP can be considered as useful biochemical-anthropometric indicators of MASLD in obese/overweight children, only HSI remained an independent predictor of hepatic steatosis in this group of children. FAU - Motkowska, Aleksandra M AU - Motkowska AM AD - Students' Scientific Association Affiliated with the Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutrition, Allergology and Pulmonology, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona Street 17, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland. FAU - Lebensztejn, Anna AU - Lebensztejn A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-2212-2588 AD - Students' Scientific Association Affiliated with the Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutrition, Allergology and Pulmonology, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona Street 17, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland. FAU - Tuchlinski, Bartosz AU - Tuchlinski B AD - Students' Scientific Association Affiliated with the Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutrition, Allergology and Pulmonology, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona Street 17, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland. FAU - Trochimczyk, Kinga AU - Trochimczyk K AD - Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutrition, Allergology and Pulmonology, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona Street 17, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland. FAU - Flisiak-Jackiewicz, Marta AU - Flisiak-Jackiewicz M AD - Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutrition, Allergology and Pulmonology, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona Street 17, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland. FAU - Bobrus-Chociej, Anna AU - Bobrus-Chociej A AD - Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutrition, Allergology and Pulmonology, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona Street 17, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland. FAU - Rogalska, Magdalena AU - Rogalska M AD - Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Bialystok, Zurawia Street 14, 15-540 Bialystok, Poland. FAU - Cudowska, Beata AU - Cudowska B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8062-5865 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutrition, Allergology and Pulmonology, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona Street 17, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland. FAU - Zdanowicz, Katarzyna AU - Zdanowicz K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0755-911X AD - Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutrition, Allergology and Pulmonology, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona Street 17, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland. FAU - Lebensztejn, Dariusz M AU - Lebensztejn DM AD - Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutrition, Allergology and Pulmonology, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona Street 17, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland. LA - eng GR - Grant No.: B.SUB.26.422/Medical University of Bialystok/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260913 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Male MH - *Elasticity Imaging Techniques MH - Female MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Fatty Liver/diagnosis/diagnostic imaging/etiology MH - Adolescent MH - *Anthropometry MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - ROC Curve MH - Liver/diagnostic imaging MH - Body Mass Index MH - Pediatric Obesity/complications PMC - PMC13609946 OTO - NOTNLM OT - children OT - controlled attenuation parameter OT - fatty liver index OT - hepatic steatosis index OT - lipid accumulation product OT - liver steatosis OT - metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease OT - obesity COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/26 05:35 MHDA- 2026/09/27 02:27 PMCR- 2026/09/13 CRDT- 2026/09/26 01:14 PHST- 2026/08/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/27 02:27 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/26 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/26 01:14 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18182996 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-02996 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18182996 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Sep 13;18(18):2996. doi: 10.3390/nu18182996. PMID- 42796957 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261002 LR - 20261002 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 18 DP - 2026 Sep 11 TI - High Ultra-Processed Food Consumption but No Association with Quality of Life in Saudi Children and Adolescents with ADHD. LID - 10.3390/nu18182977 [doi] LID - 2977 AB - BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Dietary interventions can potentially control ADHD symptoms, providing a non-pharmacological approach that may improve the quality of life (QoL). This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the association between ultra-processed food intake (UPF) and QoL in children and adolescents with ADHD in Saudi Arabia. METHODS: A total of 128 participants (66% males and 33% females) diagnosed with ADHD, aged 8-18 years, were assessed. A validated Saudi food frequency questionnaire was used to assess dietary intake; the degree of food processing was assessed using a novel classification system. The health-related QoL was measured using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory. RESULTS: Both the child (57.83 +/- 18.12) and parent perspectives (57.97 +/- 16.09) of QOL scores were lower than those of healthy norms across all domains. (p-value < 0.0001). The UPF represented the largest proportion of total energy intake (48.76 +/- 13.40%), followed by unprocessed or minimally processed foods (39.80 +/- 13.35%). Parent- and child-reported QoL scores were strongly correlated (p < 0.0001); both were significantly lower than the healthy normative values across all domains (p < 0.0001). Higher parental educational attainment was associated with better QoL scores from both the child's and parents' perspectives (p = 0.049 and p = 0.023, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Children and adolescents with ADHD demonstrated high consumption of UPF and significantly lower QoL scores than healthy norms. No significant association was observed between UPF intake and QoL scores. Further studies are needed to better understand the factors influencing dietary quality and QoL among children and adolescents with ADHD. FAU - Alwaili, Lina M AU - Alwaili LM AD - Department of Health Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alsuhaibani, Norah S AU - Alsuhaibani NS AD - Department of Health Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alotaibi, Heton K AU - Alotaibi HK AD - Department of Health Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alkhudairy, Loujain A AU - Alkhudairy LA AD - Department of Health Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alanezi, Hana A AU - Alanezi HA AD - Department of Health Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Aljahdali, Abeer A AU - Aljahdali AA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3104-1019 AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80215, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia. AD - Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. FAU - Alshamri, Dalal F AU - Alshamri DF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1516-4705 AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition, King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz University Hospital, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alzaben, Abeer S AU - Alzaben AS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9813-1524 AD - Department of Health Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng GR - PNURSP2026R207/Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260911 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - *Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/psychology MH - *Quality of Life MH - Saudi Arabia MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Eating/psychology MH - Diet Surveys MH - *Diet/adverse effects/statistics & numerical data MH - *Fast Foods/adverse effects/classification/statistics & numerical data PMC - PMC13610857 OTO - NOTNLM OT - NOVA OT - adolescents OT - attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder OT - quality of life OT - ultra-processed food COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/26 05:35 MHDA- 2026/09/27 02:27 PMCR- 2026/09/11 CRDT- 2026/09/26 01:14 PHST- 2026/08/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/27 02:27 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/26 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/26 01:14 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18182977 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-02977 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18182977 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Sep 11;18(18):2977. doi: 10.3390/nu18182977. PMID- 42795970 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260926 LR - 20260929 IS - 2077-0383 (Print) IS - 2077-0383 (Electronic) IS - 2077-0383 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 18 DP - 2026 Sep 16 TI - Developmental Postural Modeling: A Historical and Conceptual Narrative Review of Posture Assessment. LID - 10.3390/jcm15187197 [doi] LID - 7197 AB - Background: Posture assessment has progressed from visual observation and descriptive classification to quantitative measurement, three-dimensional imaging, and artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted analyses. Despite these advances, uncertainty persists regarding normative interpretation, developmental significance, and prognosis, particularly during growth and maturation phases. Methods: This historical and conceptual narrative review synthesizes literature from PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Semantic Scholar, with additional citation tracking and targeted searches of historical monographs and foundational sources. The final literature search was completed on 30 May 2026. The review was narrative rather than systematic, and no formal risk-of-bias or evidence-quality appraisal was performed. Reporting and methodological transparency were strengthened by referencing the SANRA principles for narrative reviews. Results: The literature supports several overlapping methodological traditions: observation and classification, quantitative measurement, three-dimensional reconstruction, and automated image- and data-based analysis. These approaches have accumulated rather than replaced one another. Across these traditions, a persistent measurement-interpretation gap remains: postural configuration can be characterized by increasing precision, whereas developmental reference trajectories and prognostic interpretations remain limited. Conclusions: Developmental Postural Modeling (DPM) is proposed as a hypothesis-generating conceptual framework for future research, initially emphasizing posture during childhood and adolescence, when growth and maturation are most explicit. The DPM is not a validated clinical tool and does not currently provide individual predictions or treatment recommendations. Its proposed role is to organize future longitudinal research integrating morphology, function, development, environment, time, advanced imaging, and computational analysis. FAU - Glinkowski, Wojciech Michal AU - Glinkowski WM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2602-1128 AD - Center of Excellence "TeleOrto" for Telediagnostics and Treatment of Disorders and Injuries of the Locomotor System, Department of Medical Informatics and Telemedicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland. AD - Polish Telemedicine and eHealth Society, 03-728 Warsaw, Poland. FAU - Sitnik, Robert AU - Sitnik R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8156-5462 AD - Faculty of Mechatronics, Warsaw University of Technology, ul. sw. Andrzeja Boboli 8, 02-525 Warsaw, Poland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260916 PL - Switzerland TA - J Clin Med JT - Journal of clinical medicine JID - 101606588 PMC - PMC13607638 OTO - NOTNLM OT - anthropometry OT - artificial intelligence OT - auxology OT - body posture OT - developmental trajectories OT - postural development OT - posture classification OT - rasterstereography OT - spinal sagittal alignment OT - surface topography OT - three-dimensional reconstruction COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/26 05:35 MHDA- 2026/09/26 05:36 PMCR- 2026/09/16 CRDT- 2026/09/26 01:12 PHST- 2026/06/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/26 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/26 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/26 01:12 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jcm15187197 [pii] AID - jcm-15-07197 [pii] AID - 10.3390/jcm15187197 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Clin Med. 2026 Sep 16;15(18):7197. doi: 10.3390/jcm15187197. PMID- 42795335 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260926 LR - 20260929 IS - 2075-1729 (Print) IS - 2075-1729 (Electronic) IS - 2075-1729 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep 2 TI - Inter-Rater Reliability of the Progressive Pain Check Method for Standardized Pain Assessment in Lipedema. LID - 10.3390/life16091471 [doi] LID - 1471 AB - BACKGROUND: Lipedema is a chronic progressive condition affecting approximately 10% of women, characterized by disproportionate subcutaneous adipose tissue accumulation and pain in the lower extremities. Standardized assessment methods for pain evaluation in lipedema remain limited. The Progressive Pain Check (PPC) method represents a potentially valuable tool for standardized pain assessment in lipedema patients. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the inter-rater reliability of the PPC method for clinical assessment of evoked pain in lipedema patients. METHODS: Two independent assessors performed PPC evaluations. Inter-rater reliability was assessed using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient [ICC(2,1), two-way random-effects, absolute agreement, single-measurement] with 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS: This study included 429 women diagnosed with lipedema (mean age 41.2 +/- 11.5 years, mean disease duration 27.2 +/- 12.6 years). Patient characteristics revealed mean BMI of 29.5 +/- 6.9 kg/m(2), predominantly Type III lipedema presentation, and disease onset during adolescence (mean age 14 +/- 9.3 years). The PPC method demonstrated excellent inter-rater reliability between two independent assessors across all examined anatomical districts. CONCLUSIONS: The PPC method shows promise as a simple, repeatable, and standardized clinical tool for evoked pain assessment in lipedema patients. The demonstrated inter-rater reliability supports its potential utility in clinical practice. Further research is warranted to evaluate its intra-rater reliability, concurrent validity, and responsiveness in monitoring treatment effects. FAU - Patton, Laura AU - Patton L AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-2024-4607 AD - Endocrinology and Lymphology Clinic, 38096 Vallelaghi, Italy. FAU - Ricolfi, Lorenzo AU - Ricolfi L AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-7216-9612 AD - Endocrinology and Lymphology Clinic, 38096 Vallelaghi, Italy. FAU - Elhadidy, Heba Safwat Mhmoued Abdo AU - Elhadidy HSMA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8425-8580 AD - Department of Public Health Sciences and Paediatrics, University of Turin, 10126 Torino, Italy. FAU - Reverdito, Valeria AU - Reverdito V AD - Human Project Studio, 10138 Torino, Italy. FAU - Russotto, Antonino AU - Russotto A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5925-2240 AD - Department of Public Health Sciences and Paediatrics, University of Turin, 10126 Torino, Italy. FAU - Politano, Gianfranco AU - Politano G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5268-9899 AD - Department of Control and Computer Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy. FAU - Gianino, Maria Michela AU - Gianino MM AD - Department of Public Health Sciences and Paediatrics, University of Turin, 10126 Torino, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260902 PL - Switzerland TA - Life (Basel) JT - Life (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101580444 PMC - PMC13608010 OTO - NOTNLM OT - allodynia OT - clinical OT - examination OT - inter-rater reliability OT - lipedema OT - pain assessment COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/26 05:35 MHDA- 2026/09/26 05:36 PMCR- 2026/09/02 CRDT- 2026/09/26 01:10 PHST- 2026/07/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/26 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/26 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/26 01:10 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - life16091471 [pii] AID - life-16-01471 [pii] AID - 10.3390/life16091471 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Life (Basel). 2026 Sep 2;16(9):1471. doi: 10.3390/life16091471. PMID- 42794587 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260926 LR - 20260929 IS - 1422-0067 (Electronic) IS - 1422-0067 (Linking) VI - 27 IP - 18 DP - 2026 Sep 13 TI - Obesity, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation in Precocious Puberty: Do All Roads Lead to the Hypothalamus? LID - 10.3390/ijms27188159 [doi] LID - 8159 AB - Childhood obesity is consistently associated with earlier pubertal timing, particularly in girls, whereas its relationship with true central precocious puberty (CPP), defined by premature activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, is less clearly established. An increased frequency of CPP diagnoses and referrals was reported during the COVID-19 pandemic, alongside changes in body weight, lifestyle, sleep, and psychosocial exposures. Human studies link excess adiposity to hyperleptinemia, insulin resistance, reduced adiponectin, altered sex-steroid bioavailability, and systemic low-grade inflammation, and associate these features with earlier pubertal development-consistently in girls, less so in boys. However, such associations do not establish that obesity directly induces premature hypothalamic activation. Mechanistic understanding of how these peripheral signals may influence pubertal timing derives predominantly from experimental models. The arcuate nucleus kisspeptin/neurokinin B/dynorphin (KNDy) network, a key component of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) pulse generator, interacts with hypothalamic metabolic circuits. In animal models of obesity and overnutrition, altered leptin and insulin signaling, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation, and activation of microglia and astrocytes remodel the mediobasal hypothalamus through inflammatory and stress-responsive pathways, including IKKbeta/NF-kappaB and JNK signaling and altered Nrf2-mediated antioxidant defenses. At the molecular level, metabolic status interacts with the epigenetic machinery governing Kiss1 expression: in rodent models of overnutrition, accelerated loss of SIRT1-mediated repression at the Kiss1 promoter facilitates pubertal activation. Human genetic evidence establishes MKRN3 and DLK1 as causes of familial CPP, but evidence that obesity modifies these pathways to induce sporadic CPP is insufficient. Similarly, gut microbial metabolites have been linked experimentally to pubertal timing, and antioxidant micronutrients such as selenium, zinc, and vitamins C and E may be altered in pediatric obesity, yet a specific role in CPP remains unproven. Collectively, current evidence supports a working model in which metabolic, inflammatory, redox, glial, and epigenetic pathways may converge on hypothalamic reproductive circuits to influence pubertal timing in susceptible children. Direct evidence in children with CPP-of hypothalamic oxidative stress, glial activation, Nrf2 dysfunction, SIRT1 remodeling, or microbiome-mediated activation-remains limited or absent. Lifestyle optimization is appropriate for improving metabolic health in children with obesity, whereas antioxidant, micronutrient, and microbiome-targeted interventions should be considered investigational with respect to CPP. Longitudinal pediatric studies that distinguish earlier pubertal timing from true CPP, and that integrate metabolic phenotyping with validated measures of HPG-axis activation, are needed to test this framework. FAU - Bizerea-Moga, Teofana-Otilia AU - Bizerea-Moga TO AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1599-5579 AD - Department XI of Pediatrics, First Pediatric University Clinic, Center for Research on Growth and Developmental Disorders in Children, 'Victor Babes' University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania. AD - 1st Pediatric Clinic, 'Louis Turcanu' Children's Clinical and Emergency Hospital, Iosif Nemoianu 2, 300011 Timisoara, Romania. FAU - Chisavu, Flavia AU - Chisavu F AD - Nephrology University Clinic, Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, 'Victor Babes' University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania. AD - 4th Pediatric Clinic, 'Louis Turcanu' Children's Clinical and Emergency Hospital, Iosif Nemoianu 2, 300011 Timisoara, Romania. FAU - Chisavu, Lazar AU - Chisavu L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3664-1945 AD - Nephrology University Clinic, Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, 'Victor Babes' University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania. AD - Nephrology Clinic, 'Pius Brinzeu' County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Liviu Rebreanu 156, 300723 Timisoara, Romania. FAU - Pitulice, Laura AU - Pitulice L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5991-6203 AD - Department of Chemistry, West University of Timisoara, Pestallozi 16, 300115 Timisoara, Romania. AD - Institute of Advanced Environmental Research, Oituz 4c, 300086 Timisoara, Romania. FAU - Moga, Tudor Voicu AU - Moga TV AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8978-1856 AD - Department VII of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology University Clinic, Advanced Regional Research Center in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 'Victor Babes' University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania. AD - Gastroenterology and Hepatology Clinic, 'Pius Brinzeu' County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Liviu Rebreanu 156, 300723 Timisoara, Romania. FAU - Bugi, Meda-Ada AU - Bugi MA AD - 1st Pediatric Clinic, 'Louis Turcanu' Children's Clinical and Emergency Hospital, Iosif Nemoianu 2, 300011 Timisoara, Romania. AD - Department of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy 'Vasile Goldis', 310025 Arad, Romania. FAU - Foghis, Cornel Flavius AU - Foghis CF AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-4621-274X AD - Department XI of Pediatrics, First Pediatric University Clinic, Center for Research on Growth and Developmental Disorders in Children, 'Victor Babes' University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania. AD - 1st Pediatric Clinic, 'Louis Turcanu' Children's Clinical and Emergency Hospital, Iosif Nemoianu 2, 300011 Timisoara, Romania. AD - Ph.D. School Department, 'Victor Babes' University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania. FAU - Isac, Raluca AU - Isac R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1478-9797 AD - 4th Pediatric Clinic, 'Louis Turcanu' Children's Clinical and Emergency Hospital, Iosif Nemoianu 2, 300011 Timisoara, Romania. AD - Department XI of Pediatrics, Third Pediatric University Clinic, 'Victor Babes' University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania. FAU - Marginean, Otilia AU - Marginean O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2313-7643 AD - Department XI of Pediatrics, First Pediatric University Clinic, Center for Research on Growth and Developmental Disorders in Children, 'Victor Babes' University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania. AD - 1st Pediatric Clinic, 'Louis Turcanu' Children's Clinical and Emergency Hospital, Iosif Nemoianu 2, 300011 Timisoara, Romania. FAU - Balica, Nicolae Constantin AU - Balica NC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7755-4608 AD - Department IX, Otolaryngology University Clinic, OftalmoSensory-Tumor Research Center-ORL (EYE-ENT), 'Victor Babes' University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania. AD - Otorhinolaryngology Clinic, Emergency City Hospital, 300054 Timisoara, Romania. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260913 PL - Switzerland TA - Int J Mol Sci JT - International journal of molecular sciences JID - 101092791 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Puberty, Precocious/metabolism/pathology/etiology MH - *Oxidative Stress MH - Animals MH - *Inflammation/metabolism/complications MH - *Hypothalamus/metabolism/pathology MH - *Obesity/metabolism/complications MH - Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis MH - Female PMC - PMC13607323 OTO - NOTNLM OT - KNDy neurons OT - hypothalamus OT - neuroinflammation OT - obesity OT - oxidative stress OT - precocious puberty COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/26 05:35 MHDA- 2026/09/26 05:36 PMCR- 2026/09/13 CRDT- 2026/09/26 01:08 PHST- 2026/07/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/26 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/26 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/26 01:08 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ijms27188159 [pii] AID - ijms-27-08159 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijms27188159 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Mol Sci. 2026 Sep 13;27(18):8159. doi: 10.3390/ijms27188159. PMID- 42794468 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260926 LR - 20260929 IS - 1422-0067 (Electronic) IS - 1422-0067 (Linking) VI - 27 IP - 18 DP - 2026 Sep 9 TI - Targeted 3.34-Million CpG Site Sequencing Reveals Preliminary Cord Blood Epigenetic Alterations of Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Pilot Study Highlighting the PCDHA1-PCDHA8 Cluster. LID - 10.3390/ijms27188038 [doi] LID - 8038 AB - Rising reported Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) prevalence underscores the need to explore early perinatal biological markers. To conduct an exploratory pilot investigation of cord blood DNA methylation patterns as potential early epigenetic candidate loci associated with ASD in infants born to mothers with obesity and gestational diabetes. This prospective pilot study analyzed 14 mother-infant pairs comprising infants born to mothers with obesity and gestational diabetes later diagnosed with ASD (n = 2); healthy infants born to mothers with obesity and diabetes (IODM, n = 6); and healthy controls (IHM, n = 6). Targeted methyl-capture sequencing (covering 3.34 million CpG sites) identified differentially methylated region (DMR)-associated genes. Neurodevelopment was evaluated at 24-26 months using Bayley-III scales. ASD infants showed lower Bayley-III scores across all domains. In this small cohort (n = 2 ASD cases), we identified 249 DMR-associated genes common to both ASD vs. IHM and ASD vs. IODM comparisons, representing preliminary candidate loci. Enrichment analysis identified homophilic cell-cell adhesion as the most significant pathway (fold enrichment = 8.28; FDR = 6.31 x 10(-6)), driven by the PCDH1-PCDHA8 cluster, alongside morphogenesis in neuron differentiation (fold enrichment = 3.45; FDR = 2.08 x 10(-2)). Although prospective validation in larger independent cohorts is required, these pilot results suggest that cord blood PCDHA1-PCDHA8 cluster methylation alterations represent preliminary candidate loci for hypothesis generation and future biomarker evaluation, regardless of maternal metabolic status. FAU - Armas-Gonzalez, Marina AU - Armas-Gonzalez M AD - Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Seccion de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, University of La Laguna (ULL), 38320 La Laguna, Spain. AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon, 28007 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Gonzalez-Gonzalez, Nieves Luisa AU - Gonzalez-Gonzalez NL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1401-5580 AD - Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Seccion de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, University of La Laguna (ULL), 38320 La Laguna, Spain. FAU - Gonzalez-Davila, Enrique AU - Gonzalez-Davila E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0781-9161 AD - Mathematics, Statistics and Operations Research Department (IMAULL), University of La Laguna (ULL), 38320 La Laguna, Spain. FAU - Orribo-Morales, Olivia AU - Orribo-Morales O AD - Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Seccion de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, University of La Laguna (ULL), 38320 La Laguna, Spain. AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Canary Islands University Hospital, 38320 La Laguna, Spain. FAU - Castro-Conde, Jose Ramon AU - Castro-Conde JR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0867-2920 AD - Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Seccion de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, University of La Laguna (ULL), 38320 La Laguna, Spain. AD - Pediatrics Department, Canary Islands University Hospital, 38320 La Laguna, Spain. FAU - Gonzalez-Campos, Candelaria AU - Gonzalez-Campos C AD - Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Seccion de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, University of La Laguna (ULL), 38320 La Laguna, Spain. AD - Pediatrics Department, Canary Islands University Hospital, 38320 La Laguna, Spain. FAU - Flores, Carlos AU - Flores C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5352-069X AD - Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Ntra. Sra. de Candelaria, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Canarias (IISC), 38010 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain. AD - CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain. AD - Genomics Division, Instituto Tecnologico y de Energias Renovables (ITER), 38600 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain. FAU - Lorenzo-Salazar, Jose Miguel AU - Lorenzo-Salazar JM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5135-2861 AD - Genomics Division, Instituto Tecnologico y de Energias Renovables (ITER), 38600 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain. FAU - Gonzalez-Montelongo, Rafaela AU - Gonzalez-Montelongo R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9022-8663 AD - Genomics Division, Instituto Tecnologico y de Energias Renovables (ITER), 38600 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain. FAU - Munoz-Barrera, Adrian AU - Munoz-Barrera A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1561-5898 AD - Genomics Division, Instituto Tecnologico y de Energias Renovables (ITER), 38600 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain. FAU - Padron-Perez, Erika AU - Padron-Perez E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5243-3244 AD - Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Seccion de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, University of La Laguna (ULL), 38320 La Laguna, Spain. AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Canary Islands University Hospital, 38320 La Laguna, Spain. FAU - Tascon-Padron, Laura AU - Tascon-Padron L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9941-9001 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany. FAU - Nunez Catalan, Maria AU - Nunez Catalan M AD - Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Seccion de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, University of La Laguna (ULL), 38320 La Laguna, Spain. LA - eng GR - PI18/01700/Instituto de Salud Carlos III/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260909 PL - Switzerland TA - Int J Mol Sci JT - International journal of molecular sciences JID - 101092791 RN - 0 (Cadherins) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Fetal Blood/metabolism MH - Female MH - Pilot Projects MH - *DNA Methylation MH - *Epigenesis, Genetic MH - *CpG Islands/genetics MH - *Autism Spectrum Disorder/genetics MH - Pregnancy MH - *Cadherins/genetics MH - Male MH - Diabetes, Gestational/genetics MH - Prospective Studies MH - Adult MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Infant PMC - PMC13607789 OTO - NOTNLM OT - DNA OT - autism OT - cord blood OT - diabetes OT - enrichment analysis OT - epigenetic OT - maternal obesity OT - neurodevelopment OT - pregnancy OT - protocadherins COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/26 05:35 MHDA- 2026/09/26 05:36 PMCR- 2026/09/09 CRDT- 2026/09/26 01:07 PHST- 2026/07/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/26 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/26 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/26 01:07 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ijms27188038 [pii] AID - ijms-27-08038 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijms27188038 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Mol Sci. 2026 Sep 9;27(18):8038. doi: 10.3390/ijms27188038. PMID- 42794262 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260926 LR - 20260929 IS - 2227-9067 (Print) IS - 2227-9067 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9067 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep 14 TI - Biomarkers of Treatment-Escalation Risk by Obesity Status in Pediatric Asthma: A Development and External Validation Cohort Study. LID - 10.3390/children13091242 [doi] LID - 1242 AB - Background/Objectives: Obesity may alter the prognostic value of biomarkers in childhood asthma. We examined whether transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta1), soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2), C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8), and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) were associated with sustained treatment escalation and whether associations differed by obesity status. Methods: The development cohort included 292 children: 90 non-atopic controls, 108 with normal-weight asthma, and 94 with obese asthma; longitudinal analyses included 202 with asthma. Biomarkers were modeled continuously in prespecified Cox models with biomarker-by-obesity interactions, internally validated with 1000 bootstrap resamples, and applied without refitting or recalibration to an independent Van cohort of 180 children with asthma. Results: Seventy-five children experienced sustained treatment escalation. TGF-beta1 was associated with escalation in obese asthma (hazard ratio [HR] per 500 pg/mL, 2.12; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.66-2.70; interaction q < 0.001), whereas CXCL8 was associated with escalation in normal-weight asthma (HR per 10 pg/mL, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.67-2.54; interaction q < 0.001). Adding TGF-beta1 or CXCL8 increased 12-month time-dependent area under the curve (AUC) from 0.623 to 0.732 and 0.746. In Van, AUCs were 0.751 and 0.744, and interactions remained significant after adjustment (q = 0.036). sST2 showed a weaker obesity-related signal, whereas IGF-1 added little prognostic information. Conclusions: Prognostic biomarker associations differed by obesity status. TGF-beta1 was associated with escalation in obese asthma, whereas CXCL8 was associated with escalation in normal-weight asthma. Further validation is needed before clinical use. FAU - Goktas, Serdar AU - Goktas S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5738-4979 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Clinic of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Mersin City Training and Research Hospital, 33240 Mersin, Turkiye. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Clinic of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Van Training and Research Hospital, 65300 Van, Turkiye. FAU - Kaya, Mehmet Sirin AU - Kaya MS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9416-9058 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Clinic of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Sanliurfa Training and Research Hospital, 63200 Sanliurfa, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260914 PL - Switzerland TA - Children (Basel) JT - Children (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101648936 PMC - PMC13605966 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CXCL8 OT - TGF-beta1 OT - childhood obesity OT - external validation OT - pediatric asthma OT - prognostic model OT - treatment escalation COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/26 05:35 MHDA- 2026/09/26 05:36 PMCR- 2026/09/14 CRDT- 2026/09/26 01:07 PHST- 2026/08/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/26 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/26 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/26 01:07 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - children13091242 [pii] AID - children-13-01242 [pii] AID - 10.3390/children13091242 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Children (Basel). 2026 Sep 14;13(9):1242. doi: 10.3390/children13091242. PMID- 42794221 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260926 LR - 20260929 IS - 2227-9067 (Print) IS - 2227-9067 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9067 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep 5 TI - Discriminatory Capacity of Anthropometric Indicators and Physical Fitness Tests for Identifying Waist-to-Height Ratio-Defined Cardiometabolic Risk in Adolescents According to Sex and Biological Maturity. LID - 10.3390/children13091201 [doi] LID - 1201 AB - BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Field-based health screening in adolescents requires accurate, non-invasive, and feasible diagnostic tools. This study evaluated the discriminatory capacity of anthropometric parameters and physical fitness tests for identifying waist-to-height ratio (WHtR)-defined surrogate cardiometabolic risk across sex and biological maturity status, determining exploratory cut-off thresholds. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 2944 Spanish adolescents (1459 males, 1485 females; age: 13.35 +/- 1.20 years). Anthropometric variables (BMI, skinfolds, fat/muscle mass) and physical fitness tests (20-m shuttle run, handgrip, CMJ, SBJ, 20-m sprint, curl-up; evaluated in raw and body-mass-normalized formats) were assessed. Biological maturation was estimated via Age at Peak Height Velocity (APHV) using Mirwald equations and categorized into early, on-time, and late maturers relative to the sample mean. Surrogate risk was operationalized strictly as WHtR >/= 0.50, without direct assessment of biochemical or hemodynamic parameters. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, optimal Youden-derived cut-offs, and internal bootstrap validation (1000 resamples) were performed. RESULTS: Anthropometric parameters demonstrated high discriminatory performance for detecting WHtR-defined surrogate risk across all sex and maturation cohorts (AUC = 0.88-0.98). Unadjusted physical fitness tests showed poor overall classification performance. However, normalizing fitness metrics for body mass (particularly relative CMJ and cardiorespiratory fitness) substantially improved discriminatory capacity. Optimal cut-off values for anthropometric indicators displayed an observed descending pattern across progressively later-maturing cohorts. CONCLUSIONS: Anthropometric parameters represent highly accurate field proxies for WHtR-defined surrogate risk screening in adolescents. While unadjusted fitness metrics have limited utility for this anthropometric outcome, body-mass-normalized fitness parameters substantially recover classification capacity. Biological maturation timing should be carefully considered when future research derives and externally validates adolescent screening thresholds, as current cut-offs remain exploratory and sample-derived. FAU - Lopez-Lombo, Victoria AU - Lopez-Lombo V AD - Research Group Movement Sciences and Sport (MS&SPORT), Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Murcia, 30720 San Javier, Murcia, Spain. FAU - Mateo-Orcajada, Adrian AU - Mateo-Orcajada A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8111-8358 AD - Research Group Movement Sciences and Sport (MS&SPORT), Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Murcia, 30720 San Javier, Murcia, Spain. FAU - Abenza-Cano, Lucia AU - Abenza-Cano L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9583-737X AD - Facultad de Deporte, UCAM Universidad Catolica San Antonio de Murcia, 30107 Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain. FAU - Abraldes, J Arturo AU - Abraldes JA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4527-3865 AD - Research Group Movement Sciences and Sport (MS&SPORT), Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Murcia, 30720 San Javier, Murcia, Spain. FAU - Albaladejo-Saura, Mario AU - Albaladejo-Saura M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0234-7756 AD - Facultad de Deporte, UCAM Universidad Catolica San Antonio de Murcia, 30107 Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain. FAU - Vaquero-Cristobal, Raquel AU - Vaquero-Cristobal R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2708-4817 AD - Research Group Movement Sciences and Sport (MS&SPORT), Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Murcia, 30720 San Javier, Murcia, Spain. LA - eng GR - PID2022-140245OA-I00/Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260905 PL - Switzerland TA - Children (Basel) JT - Children (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101648936 PMC - PMC13605130 OTO - NOTNLM OT - ROC curves OT - WHtR-defined cardiometabolic risk OT - Youden index OT - adolescents OT - body composition OT - maturity status OT - physical fitness OT - sex COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2026/09/26 05:35 MHDA- 2026/09/26 05:36 PMCR- 2026/09/05 CRDT- 2026/09/26 01:07 PHST- 2026/08/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/26 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/26 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/26 01:07 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - children13091201 [pii] AID - children-13-01201 [pii] AID - 10.3390/children13091201 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Children (Basel). 2026 Sep 5;13(9):1201. doi: 10.3390/children13091201. PMID- 42794149 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260926 LR - 20260929 IS - 2227-9067 (Print) IS - 2227-9067 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9067 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Aug 24 TI - Associations Between 24-Hour Movement Behaviors and Anthropometric and Body Composition Indicators in Ecuadorian Preschool Children: SUNRISE Pilot Study. LID - 10.3390/children13091129 [doi] LID - 1129 AB - OBJECTIVE: To analyze associations between 24-hour movement behaviors (and guideline adherence) and anthropometric and body composition indicators in Ecuadorian preschoolers using data from the International Study of Movement Behaviors in the Early Years (SUNRISE) pilot study. METHODS: This secondary analysis utilized data from the primary study conducted in 108 children aged 3-4 years (57.4% girls; 50.9% urban). Anthropometry (weight, height, and body mass index [BMI]) was assessed using standardized protocols during the pilot study, whereas body composition indicators (fat-free mass [FFM], fat mass [FM], and body fat percentage) were estimated using a validated anthropometric prediction equation. Movement behaviors were assessed via triaxial accelerometry (ActiGraph GT3X+ or GT3X-BT, Pensacola, FL, USA) over seven days, complemented by parent-reported questionnaires. Exploratory unadjusted correlation analyses were performed using Spearman's rho (rho) for continuous/ordinal variables, and Pearson's correlations (r), mathematically equivalent to point-biserial correlations (r(pb)), for dichotomous-continuous associations. RESULTS: In exploratory unadjusted analyses, device-measured longer sleep duration showed small-to-moderate inverse associations with weight (rho = -0.33, p = 0.001), BMI (rho = -0.28, p = 0.006), and FFM (rho = -0.37, p < 0.001). Higher moderate-to-vigorous physical activity showed moderate positive associations with height (rho = 0.32, p = 0.002), weight (rho = 0.40, p < 0.001), and FFM (rho = 0.44, p < 0.001). In complementary multivariable models, the associations between device-measured sleep or moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and the pre-specified anthropometric and body composition outcomes were attenuated after adjustment for age, sex, area of residence, and, where applicable, height, and were generally not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: In this exploratory secondary analysis of the SUNRISE Pilot Study Ecuador, unadjusted analyses identified associations between specific 24-hour movement behaviors, particularly sleep duration and MVPA, and anthropometric and body composition indicators. However, these associations were attenuated after covariate adjustment. The findings should therefore be interpreted as hypothesis-generating and require confirmation in larger longitudinal studies. FAU - Cisneros-Vasquez, Emily AU - Cisneros-Vasquez E AD - School of Medicine, Universidad Espiritu Santo, Samborondon 0901952, Ecuador. AD - Department of Health Research, Icen Cognis, 38370 La Matanza de Acentejo, Spain. FAU - Jimenez-Lopez, Estela AU - Jimenez-Lopez E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8553-7701 AD - Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Cuenca, Spain. AD - Department of Nursing, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Cuenca, Spain. FAU - Yanez-Sepulveda, Rodrigo AU - Yanez-Sepulveda R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9311-6576 AD - Faculty of Education and Social Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Vina del Mar 8370035, Chile. FAU - Gutierrez-Espinoza, Hector AU - Gutierrez-Espinoza H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4650-3426 AD - Faculty of Education, Universidad Autonoma de Chile, Santiago 7500912, Chile. FAU - Olivares-Arancibia, Jorge AU - Olivares-Arancibia J AD - AFySE Group, Research in Physical Activity and School Health, School of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Universidad de las Americas, Santiago 7500975, Chile. FAU - Sanchez-Miguel, Pedro Antonio AU - Sanchez-Miguel PA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1660-535X AD - Departamento de Didactica de la Expresion Musical, Plastica y Corporal, Grupo de Investigacion Analisis Didactico y Comportamental del Deporte (ADICODE), Facultad de Formacion del Profesorado, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain. FAU - Rahmati, Masoud AU - Rahmati M AD - CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, Aix-Marseille University, 13284 Marseille, France. AD - Clinical Research Unit, Delegation a la Recherche Clinique et a l'Innovation du GHT, Center Hospitalier Intercommunal de Toulon La Seyne-sur-Mer, 83100 Toulon, France. FAU - Yon, Dong Keon AU - Yon DK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1628-9948 AD - Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea. AD - Department of Precision Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea. FAU - Smith, Lee AU - Smith L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5340-9833 AD - Centre for Health Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK. AD - Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Biruni University, Istanbul 34015, Turkey. FAU - Lopez-Gil, Jose Francisco AU - Lopez-Gil JF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7412-7624 AD - School of Medicine, Universidad Espiritu Santo, Samborondon 0901952, Ecuador. AD - Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnologica Atlantico Mediterraneo-UTAMED, 29590 Malaga, Spain. LA - eng GR - 2025-MED-009/Universidad Espiritu Santo/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260824 PL - Switzerland TA - Children (Basel) JT - Children (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101648936 PMC - PMC13605536 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Ecuador OT - childhood OT - daily movement behaviors OT - obesity OT - physical activity OT - screen time OT - sleep COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/26 05:35 MHDA- 2026/09/26 05:36 PMCR- 2026/08/24 CRDT- 2026/09/26 01:06 PHST- 2026/07/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/26 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/26 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/26 01:06 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - children13091129 [pii] AID - children-13-01129 [pii] AID - 10.3390/children13091129 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Children (Basel). 2026 Aug 24;13(9):1129. doi: 10.3390/children13091129. PMID- 42793457 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260926 LR - 20260929 IS - 2227-9032 (Print) IS - 2227-9032 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9032 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 18 DP - 2026 Sep 9 TI - Anthropometric Status, Menstrual Health, and Psychosocial Correlates Among 4251 Adolescent Girls in Kazakhstan: A School-Based Cross-Sectional Study. LID - 10.3390/healthcare14182918 [doi] LID - 2918 AB - BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Menstrual health in adolescence is influenced by nutritional, developmental, and psychosocial factors, yet integrated school-based evidence from Central Asia is limited. We assessed recorded anthropometric, menstrual/reproductive, and psychosocial indicators among adolescent girls in southern Kazakhstan and evaluated factors associated with a prespecified composite menstrual/reproductive outcome. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional secondary analysis of a non-public school health screening database containing 5197 participant records from 2025. After removal of 946 exact duplicate copies, 4251 unique records of girls aged 12-18 years remained. We present prevalence estimates with Wilson 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We estimated adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) using modified Poisson regression with robust standard errors clustered by recorded school field. RESULTS: Mean age was 15.03 +/- 1.23 years and mean BMI was 20.36 +/- 3.36 kg/m(2). The source form used fixed adult BMI categories; these are reported descriptively and are not interpreted as pediatric nutritional diagnoses. At least one non-reference menstrual or reproductive indicator was recorded in 24.1% of participants; severe menstrual pain and stress were each recorded in 6.9%. Stress was associated with any menstrual/reproductive abnormality (aPR 2.05, 95% CI 1.65-2.54) and with severe menstrual pain (aPR 3.27, 95% CI 2.39-4.46). Unsatisfactory nutrition was also associated with the composite outcome (aPR 1.64, 95% CI 1.35-2.00). CONCLUSIONS: Recorded menstrual/reproductive concerns were frequent in this screened sample, and stress showed consistent associations with menstrual outcomes. Because anthropometric categories were based on adult cut points and several screening items were not validated instruments, interpret the findings as descriptive and hypothesis-generating rather than as population prevalence or causal estimates. FAU - Ayazbekov, Ardak AU - Ayazbekov A AD - Scientific Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, 125 Dostyk Ave., 050010 Almaty, Kazakhstan. FAU - Terlikbayeva, Aigul AU - Terlikbayeva A AD - Scientific Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, 125 Dostyk Ave., 050010 Almaty, Kazakhstan. FAU - Khaidarov, Saken AU - Khaidarov S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7770-8427 AD - Scientific Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, 125 Dostyk Ave., 050010 Almaty, Kazakhstan. AD - Department of Molecular Biology and Medical Genetics, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, 37A Zheltoksan Street, 050004 Almaty, Kazakhstan. FAU - Baigazieva, Gulzhan AU - Baigazieva G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1724-8419 AD - Scientific Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, 125 Dostyk Ave., 050010 Almaty, Kazakhstan. FAU - Imanbaeva, Zhaysan AU - Imanbaeva Z AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4764-8149 AD - Scientific Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, 125 Dostyk Ave., 050010 Almaty, Kazakhstan. FAU - Aimbetova, Aliya AU - Aimbetova A AD - Scientific Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, 125 Dostyk Ave., 050010 Almaty, Kazakhstan. FAU - Kurmanova, Almagul AU - Kurmanova A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1859-3903 AD - Faculty of Medicine and Healthcare, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Ave., 050040 Almaty, Kazakhstan. FAU - Salimbayeva, Damilya AU - Salimbayeva D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7933-3654 AD - Scientific Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, 125 Dostyk Ave., 050010 Almaty, Kazakhstan. LA - eng GR - BR27308739/Ministry of Health/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260909 PL - Switzerland TA - Healthcare (Basel) JT - Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101666525 PMC - PMC13606384 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Kazakhstan OT - adolescent health OT - body mass index OT - cross-sectional studies OT - dysmenorrhea OT - menstrual health OT - nutrition OT - psychosocial stress OT - school health services OT - underweight COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the study design; data collection, analysis, or interpretation; manuscript preparation; or the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2026/09/26 05:35 MHDA- 2026/09/26 05:36 PMCR- 2026/09/09 CRDT- 2026/09/26 01:04 PHST- 2026/08/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/26 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/26 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/26 01:04 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - healthcare14182918 [pii] AID - healthcare-14-02918 [pii] AID - 10.3390/healthcare14182918 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Healthcare (Basel). 2026 Sep 9;14(18):2918. doi: 10.3390/healthcare14182918. PMID- 42792471 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260926 LR - 20260929 IS - 2076-328X (Print) IS - 2076-328X (Electronic) IS - 2076-328X (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep 17 TI - Psychometric Properties of the French Version of the Physical Literacy Self-Description (PLSD) Questionnaire Among Children. LID - 10.3390/bs16091672 [doi] LID - 1672 AB - This study sought to document the psychometric properties of scores on the French Version of the Physical Literacy Self-Description questionnaire. A sample of 191 French-speaking Canadian and French children, aged 5-12 years, participated in this study. Results from an exploratory factor analytic solution supported a two-factor solution encompassing (a) perceived confidence and value; and (b) perceived skills competence. Subsequent analyses supported the weak, strong and strict invariance of this solution as a function of sex, and its weak, strong, and partial strict invariance (one item was less reliable in France) across countries. The results also revealed meaningful differences in terms of latent variances (showing more inter-individual variability in Canada and among boys) and covariances (showing stronger correlations in France and among boys) across grouping variables. Results further revealed a lack of differential item functioning as a function of age and time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activities, but minimal evidence of differential item functioning as a function of body mass index (on two items). Moreover, Canadian children scored higher on perceived confidence and value and lower on perceived skills competence, while younger children scored higher on perceived skills competence. Likewise, children spending more time in moderate physical activity scored higher in the perceived confidence and value factor, while those spending more time in vigorous physical activity scored higher on the perceived skills competence factor. Finally, results supported the convergent validity of scores obtained on the French Physical Literacy Self-Description questionnaire in relation to parental ratings of children's overall, cognitive, and motor physical literacy. FAU - Maiano, Christophe AU - Maiano C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4764-2209 AD - Department of Psychoeducation and Psychology, Universite du Quebec en Outaouais, Saint-Jerome, QC J7Z 0B7, Canada. AD - Cyberpsychology Laboratory, Department of Psychoeducation and Psychology, Universite du Quebec en Outaouais, Gatineau, QC J8X 3X7, Canada. AD - Substantive-Methodological Synergy Research Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada. FAU - Morin, Alexandre J S AU - Morin AJS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6898-4788 AD - Substantive-Methodological Synergy Research Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada. AD - Optentia Research Unit, North-West University, P.O. Box 1174, Vanderbijlpark 1900, South Africa. FAU - April, Johanne AU - April J AD - Department of Educational Sciences, Universite du Quebec en Outaouais, Saint-Jerome, QC J7Z 0B7, Canada. FAU - Hue, Olivier AU - Hue O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9270-5291 AD - Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Universite du Quebec a Trois-Rivieres, Trois-Rivieres, QC G9A 5H7, Canada. FAU - Rey, Olivier AU - Rey O AD - ISM, CNRS, Aix Marseille University, 13288 Marseille Cedex 09, France. LA - eng GR - 633-2022-00060/Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260917 PL - Switzerland TA - Behav Sci (Basel) JT - Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101576826 PMC - PMC13603781 OTO - NOTNLM OT - French OT - cross-sectional validation study OT - differential item functioning OT - exploratory factor analyses OT - measurement invariance OT - physical activity OT - physical literacy COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/26 05:35 MHDA- 2026/09/26 05:36 PMCR- 2026/09/17 CRDT- 2026/09/26 01:01 PHST- 2026/06/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/26 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/26 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/26 01:01 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bs16091672 [pii] AID - behavsci-16-01672 [pii] AID - 10.3390/bs16091672 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Behav Sci (Basel). 2026 Sep 17;16(9):1672. doi: 10.3390/bs16091672. PMID- 42792261 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260926 LR - 20260929 IS - 2076-328X (Print) IS - 2076-328X (Electronic) IS - 2076-328X (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Aug 23 TI - Physical Activity, Rumination, and Social Interaction Anxiety in Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Moderated Network Analysis. LID - 10.3390/bs16091461 [doi] LID - 1461 AB - (1) Background: Rumination is closely associated with adolescent social interaction anxiety, and physical activity has been linked to both repetitive negative thinking and anxiety-related symptoms. This study examined the network relationships between different dimensions of rumination and social interaction anxiety and explored the moderating role of physical activity level. (2) Methods: A total of 1194 adolescents aged 14-18 years (525 boys, 669 girls; M = 16.27, SD = 0.80) completed measures of rumination, social interaction anxiety, and physical activity. A moderated network model was estimated using the modnets package in R, and bootstrap procedures were used to assess network accuracy and stability. (3) Results: All rumination dimensions were positively connected, with the strongest association between symptom rumination and reflective pondering. Brooding showed the largest conditional association with social interaction anxiety among the three rumination dimensions and the highest expected influence. At higher physical activity levels, the estimated positive conditional association between symptom rumination and brooding was weaker, the association between reflective pondering and brooding was stronger, and the association between brooding and social interaction anxiety was weaker. (4) Conclusions: In the estimated network, brooding showed the highest expected influence and the largest conditional association with social interaction anxiety among the three rumination dimensions. Several estimated conditional associations involving brooding differed across physical activity levels. However, given the cross-sectional design and the limited stability of the interaction estimates, these moderation patterns should be regarded as exploratory. They reflect correlational differences in the estimated network across physical activity levels rather than evidence of a protective effect of physical activity. FAU - Ji, Pengfei AU - Ji P AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-1349-5168 AD - School of Physical Education, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China. FAU - Wang, Yongxin AU - Wang Y AD - School of Physical Education, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China. FAU - Qiu, Jirui AU - Qiu J AD - School of Physical Education, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China. FAU - Li, Yansong AU - Li Y AD - School of Physical Education, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China. FAU - Xia, Xue AU - Xia X AD - School of Social Development, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao 266113, China. LA - eng GR - No. ZR2025QC320/Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation/ GR - No. QDSKL2301063/Qingdao Social Science Planning Research Project grant number/ GR - No. 32300921/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - No.tsqn202312244/Special Funding for Taishan Scholars Project/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260823 PL - Switzerland TA - Behav Sci (Basel) JT - Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101576826 PMC - PMC13603174 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - brooding OT - moderated network model OT - physical activity OT - rumination OT - social interaction anxiety COIS- All authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest in this work. EDAT- 2026/09/26 05:34 MHDA- 2026/09/26 05:35 PMCR- 2026/08/23 CRDT- 2026/09/26 01:01 PHST- 2026/06/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/26 05:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/26 05:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/26 01:01 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bs16091461 [pii] AID - behavsci-16-01461 [pii] AID - 10.3390/bs16091461 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Behav Sci (Basel). 2026 Aug 23;16(9):1461. doi: 10.3390/bs16091461. PMID- 42791621 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260926 LR - 20260930 IS - 1365-2060 (Electronic) IS - 0785-3890 (Print) IS - 0785-3890 (Linking) VI - 58 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Dec TI - Improving early risk stratification for bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in preterm infants using machine learning: development and external validation. PG - 2739022 LID - 10.1080/07853890.2026.2739022 [doi] LID - 2739022 AB - BACKGROUND: Despite advances in perinatal care and improved survival of preterm infants, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remains a major neonatal morbidity with long-term consequences. Accurate early risk prediction is therefore clinically important. Conventional models may be limited in capturing the complex and nonlinear interactions underlying BPD, whereas machine learning offers greater flexibility for high-dimensional clinical data. However, limited interpretability remains a barrier to clinical implementation. METHOD: This retrospective study included 1,083 preterm infants with gestational age <32 weeks and birth weight <2,500 g admitted to the Affiliated Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University from January 2011 to December 2025. Data were split 7:3 into training and validation sets. Seven models were evaluated, with hyperparameters optimized by 10-fold cross-validation using AUC. Missing data were handled by complete case analysis. Performance was assessed using AUC-ROC, Brier score, and decision curve analysis (DCA), while SHAP and partial dependence plots (PDP) were used for interpretation. The optimal model was externally validated in an independent cohort of 1,000 neonates. RESULT: GBM showed the best internal performance, with an AUC of 0.880, accuracy of 0.793, sensitivity of 0.827, specificity of 0.759, and Brier score of 0.141. Birth weight, gestational age, and 1-minute Apgar score were the leading predictors. Neonatal anemia was strongly associated with BPD (aOR = 5.036, 95% CI: 3.35-7.57). PDP demonstrated a nonlinear association between birth weight and BPD risk, with a sharp increase between 1,250 and 1,500 g. DCA indicated favorable net clinical benefit across relevant threshold probabilities. CONCLUSION: The GBM model provides interpretable, individualized early BPD risk estimates using routinely available clinical variables and may support identification of high-risk preterm infants. It is intended for risk stratification rather than treatment guidance. Prospective multicenter validation is required before routine clinical implementation. FAU - Xu, Yequan AU - Xu Y AD - Department of Neonatology, Affiliated Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China. FAU - Zhang, Ying AU - Zhang Y AD - Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Ye, Danni AU - Ye D AD - Department of Neonatology, Affiliated Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China. FAU - Jiang, Shanyu AU - Jiang S AD - Department of Neonatology, Affiliated Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China. FAU - Yu, Renqiang AU - Yu R AD - Department of Neonatology, Affiliated Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260925 PL - England TA - Ann Med JT - Annals of medicine JID - 8906388 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia/diagnosis/epidemiology MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Risk Assessment/methods MH - Female MH - Infant, Premature MH - Gestational Age MH - *Machine Learning MH - Male MH - Predictive Learning Models MH - Prediction Algorithms MH - ROC Curve MH - Area Under Curve MH - Birth Weight MH - Boosting Machine Learning Algorithms MH - Risk Factors PMC - PMC13618190 OAB - A gradient boosting machine (GBM) model incorporating routinely available clinical variables achieved high predictive accuracy (AUC 0.880) for early risk stratification of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants and demonstrated strong discriminative performance in external validation.Gestational age, birth weight, and 1-minute Apgar score were the strongest predictors of BPD, with neonatal anemia emerging as a major independent risk factor (aOR 5.036, 95% CI: 3.35-7.57).The model provides interpretable, individualized risk estimates with favorable clinical utility across a range of threshold probabilities, offering a practical tool to support early risk stratification decisions in the neonatal intensive care unit. OABL- eng OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bronchopulmonary dysplasia OT - clinical prediction model OT - gradient boosting machine OT - interpretability OT - machine learning OT - very low birth weight COIS- No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s). EDAT- 2026/09/26 05:35 MHDA- 2026/09/26 05:36 PMCR- 2026/09/25 CRDT- 2026/09/26 00:32 PHST- 2026/09/26 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/26 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/26 00:32 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2739022 [pii] AID - 10.1080/07853890.2026.2739022 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Ann Med. 2026 Dec;58(1):2739022. doi: 10.1080/07853890.2026.2739022. Epub 2026 Sep 25. PMID- 42791031 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260925 LR - 20260929 IS - 1746-1561 (Electronic) IS - 0022-4391 (Linking) VI - 96 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Estimating VO(2)max With the Timed Mile Run: An Updated Equation for Today's Youth. PG - e70246 LID - 10.1111/josh.70246 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: School-based physical fitness testing (SB-PFT) is an important tool to address youth physical inactivity. However, the widely used Fitnessgram equation that converts timed mile run performance into estimates of cardiorespiratory fitness (VO(2)max) may not be valid for today's diverse US adolescent population. This study evaluated its validity, developed updated prediction equations, and examined the effect of omitting sex and/or BMI. METHODS: A diverse sample of middle school students (n = 177) provided demographic information and timed mile run data and completed lab-based VO(2)max testing. Prediction accuracy for the Fitnessgram equation and newly-developed equations was assessed using root mean square error (RMSE), Pearson's correlation, and sensitivity and specificity. RESULTS: In this diverse sample, all four new VO(2)max prediction equations outperformed the Fitnessgram equation, including equations excluding sex and/or BMI. IMPLICATIONS FOR SCHOOL HEALTH POLICY, PRACTICE, AND EQUITY: When evaluated on a diverse sample of adolescents, the Fitnessgram misclassifies many adolescents as being in the healthy fitness zone despite having cardiorespiratory fitness levels associated with elevated health risk. CONCLUSIONS: The Fitnessgram VO(2)max prediction equation should be updated to reflect contemporary US demographics and schools' concerns about collecting BMI data. CI - (c) 2026 American School Health Association. FAU - Gao, Lynn AU - Gao L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3527-5130 AD - Department of Statistics, University of California, Irvine, California, USA. FAU - Berrocal, Veronica AU - Berrocal V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0304-7202 AD - Department of Statistics, University of California, Irvine, California, USA. FAU - Woodworth, Amanda AU - Woodworth A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4055-4625 AD - Institute for Clinical and Translational Science, University of California, Irvine, California, USA. FAU - Thompson, Hannah R AU - Thompson HR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0214-5003 AD - Nutrition Policy Institute, University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, Berkeley, California, USA. AD - Department of Community Health Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA. FAU - Schneider, Margaret AU - Schneider M AD - Institute for Clinical and Translational Science, University of California, Irvine, California, USA. AD - Department of Population Health and Disease Prevention, University of California, Irvine, California, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - J Sch Health JT - The Journal of school health JID - 0376370 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - *Oxygen Consumption/physiology MH - *Exercise Test/methods MH - *Cardiorespiratory Fitness/physiology MH - Body Mass Index MH - Male MH - *Running/physiology MH - *Physical Fitness/physiology MH - Child OTO - NOTNLM OT - BMI OT - VO2max prediction equation OT - representative sample OT - school-based physical fitness testing EDAT- 2026/09/25 23:47 MHDA- 2026/09/25 23:48 CRDT- 2026/09/25 21:22 PHST- 2026/08/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/25 23:48 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/25 23:47 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/25 21:22 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/josh.70246 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Sch Health. 2026 Oct;96(10):e70246. doi: 10.1111/josh.70246. PMID- 42790906 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260925 LR - 20261003 IS - 2044-6055 (Electronic) IS - 2044-6055 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep 25 TI - Adaptation and evaluation of a food preference assessment tool for older adults in geriatric care: the DYSPHAGING Preferences study protocol. PG - e120395 LID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2026-120395 [doi] LID - e120395 AB - INTRODUCTION: Undernutrition is a major concern in older adults due to its multifactorial origins and its impact on morbidity and mortality. Oropharyngeal dysphagia is common in frail geriatric patients and contributes to undernutrition by prompting individuals to progressively withdraw foods from their diet, leading to dietary imbalance and potential complications. Although texture adaptation and nutritional strategies are widely implemented in clinical practice, little is known about the actual food preferences of hospitalised older adults with dysphagia. Existing tools to assess food preferences are scarce and poorly adapted to the heterogeneity and sensory impairments of this population. The DYSPHAGING Preferences study aims to develop a food-preference assessment tool specifically tailored to hospitalised older adults, assess its test-retest reliability and describe food preferences measured using this adapted instrument. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The DYSPHAGING Preferences study is designed as a prospective, multicentre, non-comparative protocol consisting of three steps. Step 1 will adapt a forced-choice questionnaire-initially developed for paediatric populations-to adults aged>/=70 years hospitalised in geriatric wards, by assessing visual and lexical recognition of pre-selected food items. Step 2 will evaluate the test-retest reliability and practical feasibility of administering the preference questionnaire in a new cohort of older adults. Step 3 will be a cross-sectional study describing food preferences and comparing Preference Indexes between participants screening positive and screening negative for dysphagia using the Eating Assessment Tool-10. The questionnaire will include six categories of food (acidic, textured, sweet, in sauce, dairy and cooked). A total of 209 participants will be included across acute geriatric, rehabilitation and long-term care units (35 participants in step 1, 35 participants in step 2 and 174 participants in step 3, with the 35 participants from step 2 included in the step 3 population). Descriptive and comparative analyses will be performed according to a predefined statistical analysis plan. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The study protocol was approved by the Comite de Protection des Personnes (CPP) Ile-de-France III on 11 September 2025 (approval number: 25.02467.000911-2025-A00795-44), in accordance with French legislation. All participants will provide informed non-opposition in accordance with national regulations. The results of the primary and secondary objectives will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, conference presentations and communication with clinical stakeholders. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT05734586. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ Group. FAU - Masse-Deragon, Nicolas AU - Masse-Deragon N AD - Institut du Vieillissement, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France nicolas.masse-deragon@chu-lyon.fr. FAU - Tripoz-Dit-Masson, Stephanie AU - Tripoz-Dit-Masson S AD - CRC Vieillissement Cerveau Fragilite, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France. FAU - Grehalle, Coline AU - Grehalle C AD - Speech therapist team - Centre Hospitalier de Pierre Garraud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France. FAU - Subtil, Fabien AU - Subtil F AD - Service de Biostatistique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes, France. AD - CNRS, UMR5558, Laboratoire de Biometrie et Biologie Evolutive, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France. FAU - Rouze, Heloise AU - Rouze H AD - Pole de Sante Publique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France. AD - Laboratoire Reshape, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France. FAU - Grilot, Cecile AU - Grilot C AD - Dietitian team - Centre Hospitalier Pierre Garraud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France. FAU - Merazga, Salima AU - Merazga S AD - Direction a la Recherche en Sante, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France. FAU - Goldet, Karine AU - Goldet K AD - Centre de Recherche Clinique Vieillissement Cerveau Fragilite - Hopital des Charpennes, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France. FAU - Durlach, Olivier AU - Durlach O AD - Institut du Vieillissement, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France. FAU - Schir, Sophie AU - Schir S AD - Institut du Vieillissement, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France. AD - Geriatric department - Centre Hospitalier Pierre Garraud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France. FAU - Haution-Bitker, Marine AU - Haution-Bitker M AD - Institut du Vieillissement, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France. AD - Geriatric department - Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France. FAU - Merdinian, Marion AU - Merdinian M AD - Institut du Vieillissement, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France. AD - Geriatric department - Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France. FAU - Falandry, Claire AU - Falandry C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7267-4723 AD - CarMeN Laboratory, Inserm U1060, INRA U1397, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSA Lyon, Charles Merieux Medical School, University of Lyon, Oullins, France. AD - Geriatric department - Centre Hospitalier de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT05734586 PT - Clinical Trial Protocol PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260925 PL - England TA - BMJ Open JT - BMJ open JID - 101552874 SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Deglutition Disorders/diagnosis/psychology MH - *Food Preferences MH - Frail Elderly MH - *Geriatric Assessment/methods MH - Prospective Studies MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Research Design MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Multicenter Studies as Topic PMC - PMC13630011 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Frail Elderly OT - GERIATRIC MEDICINE OT - NUTRITION & DIETETICS OT - Organisation of health services OT - Protocols & guidelines COIS- Competing interests: NM-D reports financial support was provided by La Societe Francophone de Nutrition Clinique et Metabolisme. CF reports a relationship with Geriamed that includes: speaking and lecture fees. EDAT- 2026/09/25 23:47 MHDA- 2026/09/25 23:48 PMCR- 2026/09/25 CRDT- 2026/09/25 20:43 PHST- 2026/09/25 23:48 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/25 23:47 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/25 20:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjopen-2026-120395 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2026-120395 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Open. 2026 Sep 25;16(9):e120395. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2026-120395. PMID- 42789770 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260925 LR - 20261009 IS - 2368-7959 (Electronic) IS - 2368-7959 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2026 Sep 25 TI - Perinatal Mental Health Detection and Prediction Using Mobile Sensing Data: Systematic Review. PG - e101677 LID - 10.2196/101677 [doi] LID - e101677 AB - BACKGROUND: Perinatal mental health disorders affect approximately 20% of pregnant and postpartum individuals, and are associated with substantial maternal and infant morbidity. Traditional assessment relies on infrequent, subjective self-reports. Mobile devices, including smartphones and wearables, offer opportunities for continuous and objective measurement, but evidence on their assessment utility in perinatal populations remains fragmented. OBJECTIVE: This review aimed to examine the application of wearable devices and smartphones for detecting and predicting perinatal mental health outcomes, with emphasis on predictive performance, informative features, and methodological rigor. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines (PROSPERO CRD420251249218). Six databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO, IEEE Xplore, and ACM Digital Library) were searched initially in January 2026 and supplemented by an amended search in June 2026, with no publication date restrictions. Evidence was synthesized narratively, and the risk of bias was assessed using PROBAST+AI (Prediction Model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool With AI extension). RESULTS: The initial and supplementary searches yielded 1952 unique records after deduplication, of which 10 studies met the inclusion criteria. The included studies covered postpartum depression, prenatal stress, discrete emotions during pregnancy (eg, happiness, anxiety, and sadness), and maternal loneliness. High discrimination metrics were reported for postpartum depression in individual studies, including a multiclass area under the curve of 0.85, a binary area under the curve of 0.871, and an F(1)-score of 0.9872. Heart rate variability, GPS-derived mobility, physical activity, and sleep features were most frequently reported as useful, and their interpretation requires perinatal-specific contextualization. Methodological quality was limited, with 80% (12/15) of PROBAST+AI assessment units rated as having high overall quality concern or risk of bias, mainly due to small samples, limited validation, inadequate handling of missing data, and potential overfitting in the analysis domain. CONCLUSIONS: Mobile sensing shows preliminary potential for perinatal mental health assessment, but current evidence does not yet support clinical screening or decision-making, and independent external validation in perinatal populations is currently lacking. Progress toward clinical utility requires broader mental health outcome coverage, larger longitudinal cohorts, standardized analytical and reporting practices, adoption of modeling approaches better suited to perinatal trajectories, independent external validation, and human-centered monitoring designs. CI - (c) Yifan Sun, Kemeng Che, Tella Lantta, Anna Axelin, Iman Azimi, Pasi Liljeberg. Originally published in JMIR Mental Health (https://mental.jmir.org). FAU - Sun, Yifan AU - Sun Y AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-1897-0308 AD - Department of Computing, University of Turku, Yliopistonmaki, Turku, Southwest Finland, FI-20014, Finland, 358 0449508020. FAU - Che, Kemeng AU - Che K AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-3086-6166 AD - Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Turku, Southwest Finland, Finland. FAU - Lantta, Tella AU - Lantta T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7715-7573 AD - Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Turku, Southwest Finland, Finland. FAU - Axelin, Anna AU - Axelin A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2743-3589 AD - Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Turku, Southwest Finland, Finland. FAU - Azimi, Iman AU - Azimi I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5003-299X AD - Department of Computing, University of Turku, Yliopistonmaki, Turku, Southwest Finland, FI-20014, Finland, 358 0449508020. FAU - Liljeberg, Pasi AU - Liljeberg P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9392-3589 AD - Department of Computing, University of Turku, Yliopistonmaki, Turku, Southwest Finland, FI-20014, Finland, 358 0449508020. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20260925 PL - Canada TA - JMIR Ment Health JT - JMIR mental health JID - 101658926 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *Mental Disorders/diagnosis MH - *Pregnancy Complications/diagnosis MH - *Wearable Electronic Devices MH - Digital Health MH - *Smartphone PMC - PMC13614507 OTO - NOTNLM OT - digital phenotyping OT - machine learning OT - perinatal mental health OT - postpartum depression OT - smartphone sensing OT - systematic review OT - wearable devices COIS- Conflicts of Interest: None declared. EDAT- 2026/09/25 17:33 MHDA- 2026/09/25 17:34 PMCR- 2026/09/25 CRDT- 2026/09/25 14:53 PHST- 2026/05/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/25 17:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/25 17:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/25 14:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v13i1e101677 [pii] AID - 101677 [pii] AID - 10.2196/101677 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JMIR Ment Health. 2026 Sep 25;13:e101677. doi: 10.2196/101677. PMID- 42789372 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260925 IS - 1746-1553 (Electronic) IS - 0309-3646 (Linking) DP - 2026 Aug 10 TI - Machine learning-based prediction model for initial correction effect of Cheneau brace in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. LID - 10.1097/PXR.0000000000000582 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Predicting the initial correction rate (ICR) of Cheneau brace treatment for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is critical for personalized therapeutic planning but remains underexplored. This study aims to develop a clinical prediction model for ICR evaluation. METHODS: A retrospective analysis included 391 spinal curves from 310 patients with AIS (since some patients have double curves) from 4 orthotic centers. Key variables encompassed demographics, axial trunk rotation (ATR), Risser sign, curve type (C-shaped/S-shaped), apical location (thoracic/lumbar), and prebrace Cobb angle. ICR was calculated as [(prebrace Cobb - postbrace Cobb)/prebrace Cobb] x 100%, with satisfactory correction defined as ICR >/=50%. Logistic regression and random forest models were trained (70% data) and validated (30%). Feature importance was assessed through mean decrease accuracy (MDA) and Gini (MDG). A nomogram integrated significant predictors. RESULTS: Multivariate analysis identified Risser sign (OR = 0.033, P < 0.001), ATR (OR = 0.853, P < 0.001), curve type (OR = 0.485, P = 0.036), apical location (OR = 5.827, P < 0.001), and BMI (OR = 0.897, P = 0.041) as independent predictors. Random forest confirmed Risser sign as the most influential variable (MDA = 28.07%, MDG = 24.35%), followed by ATR (MDA = 21.99%, MDG = 19.50%). Both models demonstrated high predictive accuracy: logistic regression (AUC = 0.951, accuracy = 0.879) and random forest (AUC = 0.959, accuracy = 0.897). Lumbar curves and C-shaped curves exhibited superior correctability. CONCLUSION: Machine learning models effectively predict Cheneau brace ICR, with Risser sign and ATR angle as primary determinants. The developed nomogram provides a practical tool for pretreatment outcome anticipation, enhancing clinical decision-making in AIS management. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Wolters Kluwer incorporated on behalf of The International Society for Prosthetics and Orthotics. FAU - Li, Kai-Hua AU - Li KH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7543-2324 AD - Institute of Orthopedics, Fengfeng General Hospital of North China Medical & Health Group, Handan, Hebei, China. AD - North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China. FAU - Zhang, Li-Ning AU - Zhang LN AD - Department of Medical Radiology, Fengfeng General Hospital of North China Medical & Health Group, Handan, Hebei, China. FAU - Xiong, Hui-Ling AU - Xiong HL AD - Department of Medical Radiology, Fengfeng General Hospital of North China Medical & Health Group, Handan, Hebei, China. FAU - Chen, Bao-Sheng AU - Chen BS AD - Institute of Orthopedics, Fengfeng General Hospital of North China Medical & Health Group, Handan, Hebei, China. FAU - Yi, Li-Sha AU - Yi LS AD - Institute of Nursing, Fengfeng General Hospital of North China Medical & Health Group, Handan, Hebei, China. LA - eng GR - 23422083389/Handan Science and Technology Research and Development Program Project/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260810 PL - France TA - Prosthet Orthot Int JT - Prosthetics and orthotics international JID - 7707720 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cheneau brace OT - adolescent idiopathic scoliosis OT - initial correction rate OT - machine learning OT - predictive modeling OT - risser sign EDAT- 2026/09/25 17:33 MHDA- 2026/09/25 17:33 CRDT- 2026/09/25 12:33 PHST- 2025/11/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/25 17:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/25 17:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/25 12:33 [entrez] AID - 00006479-990000000-00460 [pii] AID - 10.1097/PXR.0000000000000582 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Prosthet Orthot Int. 2026 Aug 10. doi: 10.1097/PXR.0000000000000582. PMID- 42788931 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260925 IS - 1879-1972 (Electronic) IS - 1054-139X (Linking) DP - 2026 Sep 24 TI - Inequities in Bullying Victimization Among US High School Students in Years 2017, 2019, and 2021: An Intersectional Multilevel Analysis of Individual Heterogeneity and Discriminatory Accuracy With Random Effects. LID - S1054-139X(26)00284-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2026.07.011 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: To examine inequities in bullying victimization across sex/gender, sexual identity, race/ethnicity, and obesity status among United States high school students in 2017, 2019, and 2021. METHODS: Data from the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System for 342,538 high school students were analyzed. Bullying victimization was defined as any in-school bullying or cyberbullying in the past 12 months. We used an intersectional multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy via logistic regression with random effects, with strata defined by sex/gender, sexual identity, race/ethnicity, and obesity status. RESULTS: Approximately 24% of students reported bullying victimization, with a higher prevalence in 2017-2019 than in 2021. We found that 5.7% and 6.4% of bullying inequities were explained by intersectional strata in 2017-2019 and 2021, respectively, with sex/gender, sexual identity, race/ethnicity, and obesity status accounting for 85.3% and 87.3% of between-stratum variance in 2017-2019 and 2021, respectively. On average, females, sexual minority students (gay/lesbian, bisexual, or other/questioning), and those classified as obese had greater odds of bullying, whereas Black, Asian, and Hispanic students had lower odds. Deviations from the stratum's observed predicted probabilities or intersectional interaction effects were more common in 2017-2019 than in 2021, with the highest positive deviations observed for heterosexual White girls classified as obese in both years and the highest negative deviations for lesbian Black girls classified as nonobese in 2017-2019 and bisexual White boys classified as obese in 2021. DISCUSSION: Bullying victimization inequities among United States high school students are shaped by the intersection of sex/gender, sexual identity, race/ethnicity, and obesity status. Universal proportionate intervention with emphasis on intersecting identities at high risk is essential to reduce bullying and its adverse consequences. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Borrell, Luisa N AU - Borrell LN AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, New York; Public Health and Epidemiology Research Group, Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad de Alcala, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: Luisa.Borrell@sph.cuny.edu. FAU - Brochado-Kith, Oscar AU - Brochado-Kith O AD - Department Medical Specialties and Public Health, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Carmona-Rosado, Luis AU - Carmona-Rosado L AD - Public Health and Epidemiology Research Group, Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad de Alcala, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Diez, Julia AU - Diez J AD - Public Health and Epidemiology Research Group, Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad de Alcala, Madrid, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260924 PL - United States TA - J Adolesc Health JT - The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine JID - 9102136 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescents OT - Bullying OT - I-MAIHDA OT - Intersectionality OT - MAIHDA OT - Multilevel analysis OT - Obesity OT - Race/ethnicity OT - Sex OT - Sexual identity OT - YRBSS EDAT- 2026/09/25 11:45 MHDA- 2026/09/25 11:45 CRDT- 2026/09/25 10:56 PHST- 2026/02/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/25 11:45 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/25 11:45 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/25 10:56 [entrez] AID - S1054-139X(26)00284-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2026.07.011 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - J Adolesc Health. 2026 Sep 24:S1054-139X(26)00284-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2026.07.011. PMID- 42788574 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260925 LR - 20260929 IS - 1984-0462 (Electronic) IS - 0103-0582 (Print) IS - 0103-0582 (Linking) VI - 44 DP - 2026 TI - Factors associated with musculoskeletal pain in the spinal column of children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study with network analysis. PG - e2026040 LID - S0103-05822026000101028 [pii] LID - 10.1590/1984-0462/2026/44/2026040 [doi] LID - e2026040 AB - OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between musculoskeletal spinal pain and individual, behavioral, and contextual factors in children and adolescents. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 189 children and adolescents (10-16 years), of both genders, enrolled in public and private schools in Belem, Para, Brazil. Musculoskeletal pain and postural habits were assessed using the Back Pain and Posture Evaluation Instrument for Children and Adolescents, a validated questionnaire for this population. Network analysis using the EBICglasso estimator explored associations between individual (age, gender), behavioral (physical activity in school and leisure contexts), and contextual factors (school type and postural habits related to daily activities and electronic device use) and the presence of neck and low back pain. RESULTS: The prevalence of low back pain was 62.6% and neck pain 65.4%. Low back pain was negatively associated with family history of pain (r=-0.14) and positively associated with female gender (r=0.19) and neck pain (r=0.12). Sitting posture during electronic device use was negatively associated with neck pain (r=-0.19). Gender and age showed higher centrality, indicating greater influence within the network, while physical activity showed a negative influence on pain outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Musculoskeletal spinal pain was highly prevalent and associated with multiple interrelated factors. Network analysis highlights its multifactorial nature and provides relevant insights into key variables that may guide integrated health promotion and early prevention strategies in pediatric populations. FAU - Gomes, Marcella Veronnica Pereira AU - Gomes MVP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2137-9246 AD - Universidade Federal do Para, Belem, PA, Brazil. FAU - Belem, Ruth Stefany Monteiro AU - Belem RSM AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-6056-7364 AD - Universidade Federal do Para, Belem, PA, Brazil. FAU - Pantoja, Amanda Vitoria Gomes AU - Pantoja AVG AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-4507-7670 AD - Universidade Federal do Para, Belem, PA, Brazil. FAU - Costa, Beatriz Dos Santos AU - Costa BDS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5110-4884 AD - Universidade Federal do Para, Belem, PA, Brazil. FAU - Jardim, Naina Yuki Vieira AU - Jardim NYV AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3760-3684 AD - Universidade Estadual do Para, Tucurui, PA, Brazil. FAU - Crisp, Alex Harley AU - Crisp AH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4683-9576 AD - Universidade Federal do Para, Belem, PA, Brazil. FAU - Magalhaes, Mauricio Oliveira AU - Magalhaes MO AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7857-021X AD - Universidade Federal do Para, Belem, PA, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260918 PL - Brazil TA - Rev Paul Pediatr JT - Revista paulista de pediatria : orgao oficial da Sociedade de Pediatria de Sao Paulo JID - 9109353 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - Child MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - *Musculoskeletal Pain/epidemiology/etiology MH - Prevalence MH - Brazil/epidemiology MH - *Neck Pain/epidemiology/etiology MH - Risk Factors MH - Posture MH - *Low Back Pain/epidemiology/etiology PMC - PMC13588557 EDAT- 2026/09/25 11:45 MHDA- 2026/09/25 11:46 PMCR- 2026/09/18 CRDT- 2026/09/25 10:34 PHST- 2026/02/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/25 11:46 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/25 11:45 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/25 10:34 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0103-05822026000101028 [pii] AID - 10.1590/1984-0462/2026/44/2026040 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Rev Paul Pediatr. 2026 Sep 18;44:e2026040. doi: 10.1590/1984-0462/2026/44/2026040. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42788139 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260925 LR - 20260926 IS - 2168-8184 (Print) IS - 2168-8184 (Electronic) IS - 2168-8184 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Plasma Homocysteine as a Biomarker for Cardiovascular Risk Stratification in Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study From Western Algeria. PG - e115169 LID - 10.7759/cureus.115169 [doi] LID - e115169 AB - Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of premature morbidity and mortality among individuals living with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Although overt cardiovascular events are uncommon during childhood, endothelial dysfunction and subclinical atherosclerosis develop early, making timely cardiovascular risk assessment essential. Plasma homocysteine has emerged as a potential biomarker of vascular injury; however, its clinical value in pediatric T1DM remains controversial, and evidence from African populations is scarce. This study aimed to evaluate plasma homocysteine concentrations in children and adolescents with T1DM and to investigate their relationship with cardiovascular risk profiles and diabetes-related complications. Methods A cross-sectional observational study was conducted at the Department of Pediatrics B, in the university hospital center of Oran, Algeria. A total of 50 children and adolescents aged 5-19 years with confirmed T1DM were included. Demographic, anthropometric, clinical, and laboratory data were retrospectively collected from medical records. Plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) concentrations, glycemic control, lipid profile, diabetes duration, insulin therapy, nephropathy, and cardiovascular risk factors were analyzed. Hyperhomocysteinemia prevalence was determined, and its association with cardiovascular risk stratification was assessed using descriptive and inferential statistical analyses. Results The study included 27 male (54%) and 23 female patients (46%), and hyperhomocysteinemia was identified in 17 of 50 participants (34%). Plasma tHcy concentrations were significantly higher in participants with HbA1c >7.5% than in those with HbA1c 7.5%; aOR = 3.26, 95% CI: 1.18-9.02; p = 0.021) and diabetes duration >/=5 years (aOR = 2.54, 95% CI: 1.01-6.42; p = 0.047) were independently associated with hyperhomocysteinemia. Plasma tHcy showed good discriminative ability for the study-specific moderate-to-high cardiovascular risk classification (AUC = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.69-0.94; p < 0.001). Conclusion Hyperhomocysteinemia was prevalent among children and adolescents with T1DM in our cohort and was associated with an unfavorable cardiovascular risk-factor profile. These findings suggest that plasma homocysteine may represent a potential investigational adjunctive marker of cardiovascular risk-factor burden in pediatric T1DM. Prospective multicenter studies are warranted to validate these associations and determine their incremental clinical value beyond established cardiovascular risk factors. CI - Copyright (c) 2026, Ameur et al. FAU - Ameur, Auda AU - Ameur A AD - Department of Pediatrics B, Amilcar Cabral, University of Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Oran, DZA. FAU - Latroch, Charef AU - Latroch C AD - Department of Pediatrics B, Amilcar Cabral, University of Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Oran, DZA. FAU - Naas, Hiba AU - Naas H AD - Laboratory of Environment, Natural Plant Substances and Food Technology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Ahmed Zabana University - Relizane, Relizane, DZA. FAU - Amraoui, Fatima AU - Amraoui F AD - Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Ahmed Zabana University - Relizane, Relizane, DZA. FAU - Aribi, Nacera AU - Aribi N AD - Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Ahmed Zabana University - Relizane, Relizane, DZA. FAU - Bouziane Nedjadi, Karim AU - Bouziane Nedjadi K AD - Department of Pediatrics B, Amilcar Cabral, University of Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Oran, DZA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260825 PL - United States TA - Cureus JT - Cureus JID - 101596737 PMC - PMC13608191 OTO - NOTNLM OT - algeria OT - cardiovascular disease risk factors OT - homocysteine OT - pediatric type 1 diabetes OT - vascular endothelial dysfunction COIS- Human subjects: Informed consent for treatment and open access publication was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Ethics committee of faculty of medicine of Oran issued approval dd. This study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Oran, Algeria (Approval No. 0082/26; July 11, 2026). The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and applicable institutional guidelines for research involving human participants. (ARABIC AND FRENCH ORIGINAL DOCUMENT). Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work. EDAT- 2026/09/25 11:45 MHDA- 2026/09/25 11:46 PMCR- 2026/08/25 CRDT- 2026/09/25 10:03 PHST- 2026/08/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/25 11:46 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/25 11:45 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/25 10:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.7759/cureus.115169 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cureus. 2026 Aug 25;18(8):e115169. doi: 10.7759/cureus.115169. eCollection 2026 Aug. PMID- 42787313 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260925 LR - 20260926 IS - 2297-055X (Print) IS - 2297-055X (Electronic) IS - 2297-055X (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2026 TI - Impact of anatomic complexity of congenital heart disease on growth retardation: a large retrospective cohort study. PG - 1907307 LID - 10.3389/fcvm.2026.1907307 [doi] LID - 1907307 AB - BACKGROUND: Growth retardation (GR) is a significant comorbidity in children with congenital heart disease (CHD), particularly those with complex CHD. This study aimed to characterize the growth patterns of pediatric CHD patients and to identify the factors associated with GR. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included CHD patients aged /= 5 hospitalizations, comorbid substance use, and higher scores of emotional abuse were associated with a lower likelihood of response to lithium. DISCUSSION: Integrating the evaluation of trauma history, impulsive profiles, ruminative tendencies, and circadian features into clinical assessment may enhance the prediction of lithium response. CONCLUSION: Our findings support the development of personalized treatment strategies for BD. CI - Copyright(c) Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net. FAU - Aguglia, Andrea AU - Aguglia A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2003-2101 AD - Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy. AD - IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Metropolitana, Genoa, Italy. FAU - Breda, Giulia Silvia AU - Breda GS AD - Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy. FAU - Aprile, Valentina AU - Aprile V AD - Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy. FAU - Gagliardi, Michela AU - Gagliardi M AD - Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy. FAU - Stefanini, Francesco AU - Stefanini F AD - Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy. FAU - Conio, Benedetta AU - Conio B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8201-7193 AD - IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Metropolitana, Genoa, Italy. FAU - Costanza, Alessandra AU - Costanza A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6387-6462 AD - Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University (UNIGE), 1205 Geneva, Switzerland. AD - Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, University of Italian Switzerland (USI), 6900 Lugano, Switzerland. FAU - Amore, Mario AU - Amore M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2927-2192 AD - Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy. FAU - Amerio, Andrea AU - Amerio A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3439-340X AD - Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy. AD - IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Metropolitana, Genoa, Italy. FAU - Serafini, Gianluca AU - Serafini G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6631-856X AD - Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy. AD - IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Metropolitana, Genoa, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260921 PL - United Arab Emirates TA - Curr Neuropharmacol JT - Current neuropharmacology JID - 101157239 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bipolar disorder OT - bipolar cycle OT - chronotype OT - lithium OT - rumination OT - trauma EDAT- 2026/09/25 05:31 MHDA- 2026/09/25 05:31 CRDT- 2026/09/25 02:56 PHST- 2026/02/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/25 05:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/25 05:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/25 02:56 [entrez] AID - CN-EPUB-158554 [pii] AID - 10.2174/011570159X482667260909062619 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Curr Neuropharmacol. 2026 Sep 21. doi: 10.2174/011570159X482667260909062619. PMID- 42786460 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260925 LR - 20260926 IS - 1471-2431 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2431 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Sep 3 TI - Combined use of the pediatric Yorkhill malnutrition score and mid-upper arm circumference for identifying nutritional risk and predicting length of hospital stay in hospitalized children: a pilot study. LID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07609-5 [doi] LID - 905 AB - BACKGROUND: Childhood malnutrition remains a critical public health challenge among hospitalized pediatric populations, contributing to increased morbidity and prolonged length of hospital stay (LOS). In countries undergoing nutritional transition, such as Turkiye, the "double burden of malnutrition"-characterized by the coexistence of undernutrition and obesity-is exacerbated by socio-economic inequities. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors of malnutrition in hospitalized children and to evaluate the predictive validity of two rapid screening tools: the Pediatric Yorkhill Malnutrition Score (PYMS) and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), with attention to their utility in identifying socio-economic vulnerability. METHODS: This pilot study was conducted between January and July 2024 in a tertiary university hospital in Turkiye. A total of 100 children (50 girls, 50 boys), aged 1 month to 18 years, were evaluated. Nutritional status was assessed using World Health Organization (WHO) anthropometric Z-scores. Malnutrition risk was screened via PYMS and age-adjusted MUAC Z-scores. A novel socio-economic malnutrition risk classification was developed based on household income, family size, and maternal employment status. This pilot study tested the combined use of routine anthropometric measurements and practical screening tools such as PYMS and MUAC for a later large-scale, school-based screening. RESULTS: The double burden of malnutrition was evident: 13.0% had acute malnutrition and 11.0% chronic malnutrition (stunting); among children aged 5-18 years, 34.5% were overweight and 21.8% obese. The LOS was significantly longer in the PYMS high-risk group compared to the low-risk group (p = 0.001), and in the MUAC moderate malnutrition group (p < 0.05). PYMS demonstrated high specificity (95.89%) for acute malnutrition but limited sensitivity for stunting. Among children aged > 5 years, MUAC Z-scores correlated significantly with body mass index (BMI) Z-scores (p < 0.05). Children classified as high-risk by the socio-economic model had significantly lower height-for-age Z-scores (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the impact of socio-economic inequities-such as low income and household overcrowding-on chronic malnutrition and confirms the clinical relevance of the double burden of malnutrition. PYMS and MUAC effectively predict prolonged hospitalization and adverse clinical outcomes. The integration of socio-economic risk assessment with routine malnutrition screening may guide equitable resource allocation and improve care for vulnerable pediatric populations. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Celik, Emre AU - Celik E AD - Department of Pediatrics, Bursa City Training and Research Hospital, Bursa, Turkiye. abdullahemrecelik@gmail.com. FAU - Korkmaz, Muhammet Furkan AU - Korkmaz MF AD - Department of Pediatrics, Bursa City Training and Research Hospital, Bursa, Turkiye. FAU - Ozkaya, Yunus AU - Ozkaya Y AD - Department of Public Health, Sirnak Provincial Health Directorate, Sirnak, Turkiye. FAU - Yuce, Servet AU - Yuce S AD - Department of Public Health, Istanbul Provincial Health Directorate, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Soyubelli, Tugce Dilara AU - Soyubelli TD AD - Department of Pediatrics, Bursa City Training and Research Hospital, Bursa, Turkiye. FAU - Tutanc, Murat AU - Tutanc M AD - Department of Pediatrics, Bursa City Training and Research Hospital, Bursa, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260903 PL - England TA - BMC Pediatr JT - BMC pediatrics JID - 100967804 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pilot Projects MH - Child, Preschool MH - Infant MH - Male MH - Child MH - *Length of Stay/statistics & numerical data MH - *Arm/anatomy & histology MH - Adolescent MH - Risk Factors MH - *Child Nutrition Disorders/diagnosis/epidemiology MH - Anthropometry MH - Risk Assessment/methods MH - *Nutrition Assessment MH - Child, Hospitalized MH - Prevalence MH - *Malnutrition/diagnosis/epidemiology MH - Nutritional Status MH - Predictive Value of Tests PMC - PMC13602631 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Health inequities OT - Hospitalized children OT - MUAC OT - Mid-upper arm circumference OT - Nutritional screening OT - PYMS OT - Pediatric malnutrition OT - Socio-economic determinants COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical approval was obtained from the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Bursa City Hospital (Approval No: 2023-20/3). Our study was conducted according to the Declaration of Helsinki, and Informed written and verbal consent was obtained from all participants or their legal guardians. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/09/25 05:32 MHDA- 2026/09/25 05:33 PMCR- 2026/09/03 CRDT- 2026/09/24 23:57 PHST- 2026/01/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/25 05:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/25 05:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/24 23:57 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07609-5 [pii] AID - 7609 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07609-5 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pediatr. 2026 Sep 3;26(1):905. doi: 10.1186/s12887-026-07609-5. PMID- 42785732 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260924 IS - 1461-7021 (Electronic) IS - 1359-1045 (Linking) DP - 2026 Sep 24 TI - Adolescents in the Digital Age: Phubbing, Parental Phubbing, Emotional Eating, and Emotion Regulation Difficulties. PG - 13591045261491778 LID - 10.1177/13591045261491778 [doi] AB - BackgroundParental smartphone use during parent-child interactions, known as parental phubbing, may negatively affect adolescents' emotional well-being and contribute to psychological maltreatment. However, the mechanisms linking parental phubbing to adolescents' own digital behaviors remain unclear.ObjectiveThis study examined the associations among parental phubbing, adolescent phubbing, emotion regulation difficulties, perceived psychological maltreatment, and emotional eating, and investigated the mediating roles of emotion regulation difficulties and psychological maltreatment.MethodsThe sample included 128 adolescents aged 12-17 years (51.6% female) and their parents. Participants completed validated self-report measures assessing phubbing behaviors, emotion regulation difficulties, psychological maltreatment, and emotional eating. Correlation, multiple regression, and mediation analyses were conducted.ResultsAdolescent phubbing was positively associated with maternal and paternal phubbing, emotion regulation difficulties, paternal psychological maltreatment, and emotional eating (all p < .05). Regression analyses showed that paternal phubbing, emotion regulation difficulties, paternal psychological maltreatment, and gender significantly predicted adolescent phubbing, explaining 40% of the variance. Mediation analyses indicated that emotion regulation difficulties mediated the associations between both maternal and paternal phubbing and adolescent phubbing. Paternal psychological maltreatment also partially mediated the relationship between paternal phubbing and adolescent phubbing.ConclusionsParental phubbing, particularly paternal phubbing, may influence adolescents' digital behaviors through emotion regulation difficulties and perceived psychological maltreatment, highlighting the importance of parental digital habits for adolescent well-being. FAU - Avunduk, Serdar AU - Avunduk S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3337-1927 AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Canakkale Mehmet Akif Ersoy State Hospital, Canakkale, Turkey. FAU - Aksoy Avunduk, Sena AU - Aksoy Avunduk S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3909-5188 AD - Faculty of Medicine, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey. RINGGOLD: 52950 FAU - Gavcar, Erdal Gorkem AU - Gavcar EG AD - Faculty of Medicine, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey. RINGGOLD: 52990 LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260924 PL - England TA - Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry JT - Clinical child psychology and psychiatry JID - 9604507 SB - IM OAB - What is this study about? In today's digital era, parents often use their smartphones during moments spent with their children-a behavior known as "parental phubbing." This study explored how parents' phone use affects teenagers' own smartphone habits, their ability to manage negative emotions, their perceptions of emotional neglect within the family, and their tendency to engage in emotional eating. What did the researchers do? The researchers surveyed 128 adolescents aged 12 to 17 and their parents at an outpatient clinic. Participants completed questionnaires assessing parental and adolescent smartphone habits, emotion regulation difficulties, feelings of psychological maltreatment, and emotional eating behaviors. What were the key findings? Parental Influence: Teenagers were more likely to phub others if their mothers and fathers frequently used smartphones around them. The Role of Fathers: Father phubbing emerged as a particularly strong factor. Fathers' device distraction directly predicted higher adolescent phubbing and indirect risks linked to emotional dysregulation and perceived paternal emotional neglect. Emotional Dysregulation: Adolescents who struggled to process negative feelings were significantly more likely to use smartphones as an escape and turn to food to cope with distress. Why do these findings matter? This research highlights that parental digital distraction is not just a mild annoyance; it can function as a form of relational distance that undermines an adolescent's emotional well-being. Interventions should encourage device-free family times and help parents-especially fathers-understand the crucial role emotional availability plays in fostering healthy digital and lifestyle habits in youth. OABL- eng OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - emotion regulation OT - emotional eating OT - parental phubbing OT - phubbing OT - psychological maltreatment EDAT- 2026/09/24 23:52 MHDA- 2026/09/24 23:52 CRDT- 2026/09/24 19:53 PHST- 2026/09/24 23:52 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/24 23:52 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/24 19:53 [entrez] AID - 10.1177/13591045261491778 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2026 Sep 24:13591045261491778. doi: 10.1177/13591045261491778. PMID- 42784400 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260924 LR - 20260928 IS - 2075-4663 (Electronic) IS - 2075-4663 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep 14 TI - Classroom Active Breaks Effects on Attention and Concentration Performance Among Adolescents Attending Upper Secondary Schools in Southern Italy. LID - 10.3390/sports14090404 [doi] LID - 404 AB - BACKGROUND: Physical inactivity and prolonged sedentary behavior have been associated with impaired cognitive function during adolescence. Although classroom-based active breaks (ABs) have shown promising effects in primary school children, evidence among adolescents attending upper secondary schools remains limited. This study evaluated the effects of a four-month classroom-based ABs program on attention and concentration performance and explored whether selected participant and lifestyle-related characteristics moderated the intervention response. METHODS: In this cluster-randomized controlled trial, 529 adolescents (302 females, 227 males; 14.3 +/- 0.9 years) from 39 classes attending four upper secondary schools in Southern Italy were included. Classes were randomly allocated to the intervention group (IG; 20 classes, n = 288) or control group (CG; 19 classes, n = 241). The IG participated in two daily 10 min classroom-based ABs for four months, whereas the CG followed the usual school routine. At baseline, anthropometric characteristics, sport participation, sleep duration, daily smartphone use, adherence to the Mediterranean Diet, and concentration performance (CP score), assessed by the d2-R Test of Attention, were evaluated; only CP was reassessed after the intervention. RESULTS: The primary mixed-effects model showed significantly higher adjusted post-intervention CP in the IG than in the CG (adjusted between-group difference = 56.7 points, 95% CI 21.7-91.6; p = 0.003). The intervention effect remained significant in a fully adjusted model including sex, organized sport participation, sleep duration, smartphone use, and Mediterranean Diet adherence (p = 0.004). Exploratory moderator analyses provided no evidence that the intervention effect differed according to any of these characteristics after correction for multiple testing. CONCLUSIONS: A four-month classroom-based ABs program can improve concentration performance among adolescents. High intervention fidelity and student attendance support the feasibility of implementing structured ABs within the school setting over the intervention period. Further research is needed to determine the long-term effects and implementation of ABs program in secondary schools. FAU - Martone, Domenico AU - Martone D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1967-1640 AD - Department of Economics, Law, Cybersecurity and Sport Sciences, University Parthenope, 80133 Naples, Italy. FAU - Vitucci, Daniela AU - Vitucci D AD - Department of Economics, Law, Cybersecurity and Sport Sciences, University Parthenope, 80133 Naples, Italy. FAU - Gillo, Andrea AU - Gillo A AD - Department of Medical, Human Movement and Wellbeing Sciences, University Parthenope, 80133 Naples, Italy. FAU - Dei, Sara AU - Dei S AD - Department of Medical, Human Movement and Wellbeing Sciences, University Parthenope, 80133 Naples, Italy. FAU - Cosco, Loretta Francesca AU - Cosco LF AD - Department of Medical, Human Movement and Wellbeing Sciences, University Parthenope, 80133 Naples, Italy. FAU - Valerio, Giuliana AU - Valerio G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5063-4333 AD - Department of Medical, Human Movement and Wellbeing Sciences, University Parthenope, 80133 Naples, Italy. FAU - Ghirelli, Rosa AU - Ghirelli R AD - Department of Medical, Human Movement and Wellbeing Sciences, University Parthenope, 80133 Naples, Italy. FAU - Alfieri, Andreina AU - Alfieri A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1082-1585 AD - Department of Medical, Human Movement and Wellbeing Sciences, University Parthenope, 80133 Naples, Italy. FAU - Mancini, Annamaria AU - Mancini A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8595-1387 AD - Department of Medical, Human Movement and Wellbeing Sciences, University Parthenope, 80133 Naples, Italy. FAU - Orru, Stefania AU - Orru S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6697-9413 AD - Department of Medical, Human Movement and Wellbeing Sciences, University Parthenope, 80133 Naples, Italy. FAU - Buono, Pasqualina AU - Buono P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0755-6143 AD - Department of Medical, Human Movement and Wellbeing Sciences, University Parthenope, 80133 Naples, Italy. LA - eng GR - I43C23000160005/Parthenope University of Naples/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260914 PL - Switzerland TA - Sports (Basel) JT - Sports (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101722684 PMC - PMC13611686 OTO - NOTNLM OT - active breaks OT - cognitive performance OT - school-based intervention OT - sedentary behavior OT - upper secondary school COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/24 23:52 MHDA- 2026/09/24 23:53 PMCR- 2026/09/14 CRDT- 2026/09/24 18:20 PHST- 2026/07/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/24 23:53 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/24 23:52 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/24 18:20 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - sports14090404 [pii] AID - sports-14-00404 [pii] AID - 10.3390/sports14090404 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sports (Basel). 2026 Sep 14;14(9):404. doi: 10.3390/sports14090404. PMID- 42781822 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260924 IS - 1098-108X (Electronic) IS - 0276-3478 (Linking) DP - 2026 Sep 24 TI - A Pilot Study of the Feasibility, Acceptability, and Preliminary Outcomes of an Intensive Multidisciplinary Online Intervention Integrating FBT and DBT for Caregivers of Youth With Anorexia Nervosa in China. LID - 10.1002/eat.70216 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: This pilot study aimed to examine the feasibility and acceptability of a 12-week intensive, multidisciplinary, synchronous online intervention for caregivers of children and young adults with anorexia nervosa (patient age range: 10-24 years) that integrated Family-Based Therapy (FBT) principles with Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) skills training. A secondary aim was to explore preliminary changes in caregiver and patient outcomes. METHOD: Using a single-arm, pre-post design, 45 caregivers from 26 families (patients' mean age = 16.19 years, SD = 3.57, range = 10-24) completed assessments at baseline (T0), Week 4 (T1), Week 8 (T2), post-intervention (Week 12, T3), and 3-month follow-up (Week 24, T4). The 12-week program (approximately 57 contact hours) comprised weekly theory workshops, multidisciplinary clinical rounds, and skills practice sessions. The primary outcome was caregivers' subjective burden (Zarit Burden Interview, ZBI); secondary outcomes included eating-disorders-related family impact (Eating Disorders Symptom Impact Scale, EDSIS), caregivers' general psychological distress (Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale, DASS-21), and AN patients' Body Mass Index (BMI). Linear mixed models with unstructured covariance structures examined changes over time, with Bonferroni-adjusted pairwise comparisons and Hedges' g effect sizes. RESULTS: The intervention was successfully delivered in an online format and demonstrated acceptable feasibility, with moderate retention across the intervention and follow-up periods. Exploratory clinical analyses suggested significant reductions in caregiver burden (ZBI; F(4, 31.61) = 12.96, p < 0.001) and eating-disorder-related family impact (EDSIS; F(4, 37.19) = 8.78, p < 0.001) over time. Significant improvements emerged by Week 8 and were maintained at follow-up. Patients' BMI also increased significantly across the study period (F(4, 33.95) = 32.65, p < 0.001). In contrast, caregivers' general psychological distress showed no significant improvements relative to baseline. DISCUSSION: This pilot study provides preliminary evidence that an intensive online intervention integrating FBT and DBT can be feasibly delivered and is acceptable to Chinese caregivers of youth with AN. Exploratory findings suggested potential benefits for caregiver burden, eating-disorder-related family impact, and patient BMI; however, the single-arm design precludes conclusions regarding intervention effectiveness. These findings should therefore be considered hypothesis-generating and warrant evaluation in future randomized controlled trials. CI - (c) 2026 Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Zhang, Lei AU - Zhang L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6487-6587 AD - Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - OuYang, Hanlai AU - OuYang H AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-1797-6894 AD - Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Ding, Yin AU - Ding Y AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-7348-4248 AD - Shanghai Zhiai Shenyi Consulting Management Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China. FAU - Peng, Sufang AU - Peng S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2680-9687 AD - Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Chen, Han AU - Chen H AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-4328-1440 AD - Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Han, Hui AU - Han H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4014-1070 AD - Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Gao, Rui AU - Gao R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7709-201X AD - Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Liu, Yue AU - Liu Y AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-3440-7603 AD - Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Mei, Li AU - Mei L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8015-9438 AD - Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Chen, Yan AU - Chen Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8711-215X AD - Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Han, Huiqin AU - Han H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7278-097X AD - Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Gu, Lian AU - Gu L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3699-8250 AD - Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Chen, Jue AU - Chen J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9924-2573 AD - Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. LA - eng GR - 82471573/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - SHDC12023122/Shanghai Hospital Development Center/ GR - 2024-YJ07/Shanghai Mental Health Center/ GR - 2022KTM033/China Medicine Education Association/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260924 PL - United States TA - Int J Eat Disord JT - The International journal of eating disorders JID - 8111226 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - anorexia nervosa OT - caregivers OT - dialectical behavior therapy OT - family based therapy OT - online intervention OT - subjective burden EDAT- 2026/09/24 23:52 MHDA- 2026/09/24 23:52 CRDT- 2026/09/24 17:15 PHST- 2026/09/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/24 23:52 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/24 23:52 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/24 17:15 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/eat.70216 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Int J Eat Disord. 2026 Sep 24. doi: 10.1002/eat.70216. PMID- 42781358 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260924 LR - 20260926 IS - 2296-861X (Print) IS - 2296-861X (Electronic) IS - 2296-861X (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2026 TI - Advancing early identification of at-risk children: a consensus-based refinement and validation roadmap for the pediatric malnutrition screening algorithm. PG - 1857903 LID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1857903 [doi] LID - 1857903 AB - INTRODUCTION: Mild malnutrition risk remains an underrecognized yet clinically important contributor to impaired growth and development in children aged 1-10 years across the Middle East. Regional estimates indicate that 15-25% of children in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) fall within the mild malnutrition risk category (Weight-for-Height Z-score [WHZ] between -1 and -2 SD), a subgroup vulnerable to progressive growth faltering yet excluded from conventional malnutrition diagnostic thresholds (WHZ < -2 SD). The Pediatric Malnutrition Screening Algorithm (PMSA-2025) was refined through a structured regional expert consensus process to enable early, standardized detection of these at-risk children in outpatient and community healthcare settings. METHODS: A 14-member multidisciplinary expert panel from different countries (KSA, UAE, Egypt, Kuwait, Oman, Russia, United States, and Turkiye) refined the PMSA-2025 using a three-round, hybrid modified Delphi approach conducted in September 2025. Expert selection criteria included a minimum of 10 years of clinical or academic experience in pediatric nutrition or gastroenterology, active involvement in malnutrition-related clinical practice or research, and representation of diverse regional healthcare contexts. Content validity was assessed using the Item-level Content Validity Index (I-CVI), with a threshold of >/=0.80 for domain retention. Six clinical domains were retained from an initial pool of eight candidate domains after Delphi-based consensus: perinatal history, growth trajectory, prior nutritional diagnosis, hospitalization frequency, infection recurrence, and feeding behavior. Each domain was operationalized with measurable, age-appropriate criteria and incorporated into a binary (Yes/No) scoring system (total score: 0-6). The tool is designed for use by pediatricians, family physicians, nurses, and trained community health workers in children aged 1-10 years with WHZ between -1 and -2 SD. Exclusion criteria include children with primary chronic systemic disease driving growth impairment and those already receiving formal nutritional support. RESULTS: All six retained domains achieved an Item-level CVI (I-CVI) >/= 0.85 in the final consensus round. Two initial candidate domains (dietary diversity score, caregiver nutritional literacy) were excluded due to insufficient agreement (I-CVI < 0.70). Three domains required definitional refinement during Round 2, achieving >/=90% final agreement in Round 3. The PMSA-2025 stratifies mild malnutrition risk across three tiers: low (0-1), moderate (2-3), and high (4-6). It requires no specialized equipment beyond a standard scale and can be completed within routine consultations. CONCLUSION: The PMSA-2025 represents a consensus-based, multidimensional screening tool with established content validity designed to address the unmet need for early mild malnutrition risk identification in outpatient and community pediatric settings across the Middle East. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Murray, Shaaban, Shamsah, Al Hammadi, Amin, Almehaidib, Elkhashab, Pyrieva, Al Hammadi, Cetin, Al-Said, AlSaadi, Kamal and ElBaroudy. FAU - Murray, Robert D AU - Murray RD AD - Emeritus Professor of Pediatrics, Pediatric GI and Nutrition, The Ohio State University School of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States. FAU - Shaaban, Sanaa Y AU - Shaaban SY AD - Professor of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Consultant of Pediatric Clinical Nutrition, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. FAU - Shamsah, Abdullah AU - Shamsah A AD - President of Kuwait Pediatric Association, Kuwait, Kuwait. AD - Pediatric & Pediatric Emergency Consultant, Ministry of Health, Kuwait, Kuwait. FAU - Al Hammadi, Ahmed AU - Al Hammadi A AD - Dubai Health Authority, Dubai Medical College, Dubai, United Arab Emirates. FAU - Amin, Ahmed AU - Amin A AD - Abbott Laboratories, Dubai, United Arab Emirates. FAU - Almehaidib, Ali AU - Almehaidib A AD - King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Elkhashab, Ehab Khairy AU - Elkhashab EK AD - Pediatric Clinical Nutrition Unit, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. FAU - Pyrieva, Ekaterina A AU - Pyrieva EA AD - Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russia. FAU - Al Hammadi, Entesar AU - Al Hammadi E AD - Dubai Health Authority, Dubai Medical College, Dubai, United Arab Emirates. FAU - Cetin, Funda AU - Cetin F AD - Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Izmir, Turkiye. FAU - Al-Said, Khoula AU - Al-Said K AD - Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman. FAU - AlSaadi, Muslim AU - AlSaadi M AD - Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Kamal, Naglaa M AU - Kamal NM AD - Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Hepatology, Kasr Al-Ainy Faculty of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt. FAU - ElBaroudy, Eslam Tawfik AU - ElBaroudy ET AD - Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Suez, Suez, Egypt. AD - Department of Health, Kids Heart Medical Center affiliated Columbia University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260909 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Nutr JT - Frontiers in nutrition JID - 101642264 PMC - PMC13598915 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Middle East OT - Z-score OT - content validity OT - early detection OT - growth monitoring OT - malnutrition OT - pediatric nutrition OT - screening COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author NK declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision. EDAT- 2026/09/24 17:31 MHDA- 2026/09/24 17:32 PMCR- 2026/09/09 CRDT- 2026/09/24 16:19 PHST- 2026/04/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/24 17:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/24 17:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/24 16:19 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1857903 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Nutr. 2026 Sep 9;13:1857903. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1857903. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42780480 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260924 LR - 20260926 IS - 1664-2392 (Print) IS - 1664-2392 (Electronic) IS - 1664-2392 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Maternal-fetal adipokine remodeling in obesity-complicated pregnancies: associations with neonatal macrosomia and NICU requirement. PG - 1904956 LID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1904956 [doi] LID - 1904956 AB - INTRODUCTION: Maternal obesity is associated with altered maternal-fetal adipokine profiles and adverse early neonatal outcomes. This study aimed to characterize maternal and fetal adipokine patterns across obesity severity groups and to evaluate their associations with macrosomia and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) requirement. METHODS: In this prospective study, 126 singleton pregnancies were stratified into normal-weight, class I obesity, and class II-III obesity groups (n=42 each). Maternal venous and fetal cord blood adiponectin, leptin, asprosin, fetuin-A, retinol-binding protein-4 (RBP-4), adipsin, and glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1) were assessed at delivery. Macrosomia and NICU requirement were evaluated using group comparisons, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses, and multivariable logistic regression models. RESULTS: Maternal and fetal adipokine profiles differed significantly across obesity severity groups. Maternal fetuin-A, RBP-4, and adipsin levels, along with fetal leptin, fetuin-A, RBP-4, adipsin, and GLUT-1 levels, increased significantly with increasing obesity severity. In ROC analyses, fetal adipsin showed the highest discrimination for macrosomia (AUC=0.951), whereas fetal RBP-4 showed the highest discrimination for NICU requirement (AUC=0.781). In exploratory adjusted analyses, fetal adipsin remained associated with macrosomia (adjusted OR=5.43, 95% CI 2.14-13.77), whereas fetal RBP-4 remained statistically associated with NICU requirement (adjusted OR=3.31, 95% CI 1.87-5.86). DISCUSSION: Maternal obesity is accompanied by distinct maternal and fetal adipokine remodeling at delivery, with fetal adipsin and RBP-4 showing outcome-specific associations with neonatal macrosomia and NICU requirement, respectively. The compartment-specific biomarker patterns further suggest that the fetal metabolic response to increasing maternal adiposity is not simply a reflection of maternal circulating profiles. These exploratory findings warrant validation in larger, independent cohorts. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Aslaner, Melekoglu, Yasar, Polat, Yilmaz and Basak Turkmen. FAU - Aslaner, Kubra Nur AU - Aslaner KN AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkiye. FAU - Melekoglu, Rauf AU - Melekoglu R AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkiye. FAU - Yasar, Seyma AU - Yasar S AD - Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkiye. FAU - Polat, Busra Berfin AU - Polat BB AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkiye. FAU - Yilmaz, Ercan AU - Yilmaz E AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkiye. FAU - Basak Turkmen, Nese AU - Basak Turkmen N AD - Faculty of Pharmacy, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260909 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) JT - Frontiers in endocrinology JID - 101555782 RN - 0 (Adipokines) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *Adipokines/blood MH - *Fetal Macrosomia/blood/etiology/metabolism MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Adult MH - Prospective Studies MH - Fetal Blood/metabolism MH - *Intensive Care Units, Neonatal/statistics & numerical data MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - *Pregnancy in Obesity/blood MH - *Obesity/complications MH - *Pregnancy Complications/blood PMC - PMC13597342 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adipokines OT - adipsin OT - fetuin-A OT - fetus OT - leptin OT - obesity OT - pregnancy OT - retinol-binding protein 4 COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/24 17:31 MHDA- 2026/09/24 17:32 PMCR- 2026/09/09 CRDT- 2026/09/24 12:23 PHST- 2026/06/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/24 17:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/24 17:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/24 12:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1904956 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2026 Sep 9;17:1904956. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2026.1904956. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42780328 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260924 LR - 20260925 IS - 2296-2360 (Print) IS - 2296-2360 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2360 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Body mass index is positively associated with flatfoot and inversely associated with hindfoot valgus in school-aged children: a cross-sectional analysis of 3,292 screening records. PG - 1930830 LID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1930830 [doi] LID - 1930830 AB - BACKGROUND: A higher body mass index (BMI) has been associated with pediatric flatfoot, but it is unclear whether BMI relates similarly to arch morphology, hallux alignment, and hindfoot alignment when these measures are collected within the same school-screening workflow. Herein, we examined phenotype-specific associations between BMI and three scanner-derived foot measures. METHODS: This secondary cross-sectional analysis linked project-based school foot-screening records to on-site anthropometric measurements. After linkage and quality-control exclusions, 3,292 records from six primary schools were analyzed. Record-level outcomes were moderate-to-severe flatfoot (arch index >/= 0.28), mild hallux valgus (15 degrees to <30 degrees ), and moderate-to-severe hindfoot valgus (>/=4 degrees ), with positivity defined by either foot. BMI was analyzed in sample-specific quartiles and per 1 internal SD. Multivariable binary logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, and school; threshold and duplicate-identifier sensitivity analyses were performed. RESULTS: The 3,292 records represented 3,266 unique school-student identifiers; median age was 10 years (IQR: 9-12), and There were 1,616 female records (49.1%). Screening prevalence was 64.3% for flatfoot, 11.5% for mild hallux valgus, and 52.8% for hindfoot valgus. Each 1-SD higher BMI (4.73 kg/m(2)) was associated with higher odds of flatfoot [odds ratio (OR): 1.37, 95% CI: 1.26-1.49; P < 0.001] and lower odds of hindfoot valgus (OR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.76-0.88; P < 0.001), while mild hallux valgus showed no statistically significant association (OR: 0.93, 95% CI: 0.82-1.05; P = 0.244). More stringent threshold analyses and analyses retaining one record per identifier produced materially similar BMI associations. CONCLUSIONS: BMI was positively associated with flatfoot and inversely associated with hindfoot valgus, while no significant association was observed for mild hallux valgus. These cross-sectional associations describe operational scanner-derived screening phenotypes and should not be interpreted as causal effects or clinical diagnoses. Prospective studies with documented anthropometric quality control and validated clinical or radiographic measures are needed. CI - (c) 2026 Li, Li, Huo, Xu, Wang, Zhou, Dong, Song, Yang and Wang. FAU - Li, Shanyuan AU - Li S AD - Department of Rehabilitation, Tangshan Second Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China. AD - Institute of Traumatology, Tangshan Second Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China. FAU - Li, Dongmei AU - Li D AD - Institute of Traumatology, Tangshan Second Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China. FAU - Huo, Yongxin AU - Huo Y AD - Institute of Traumatology, Tangshan Second Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China. FAU - Xu, Ying AU - Xu Y AD - Institute of Traumatology, Tangshan Second Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China. FAU - Wang, Yuhang AU - Wang Y AD - Tianjin Delijie Medical Devices Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China. FAU - Zhou, Hongyan AU - Zhou H AD - Institute of Traumatology, Tangshan Second Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China. FAU - Dong, Xinyang AU - Dong X AD - Institute of Traumatology, Tangshan Second Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China. FAU - Song, Ying AU - Song Y AD - Institute of Traumatology, Tangshan Second Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China. FAU - Yang, Weixin AU - Yang W AD - Institute of Traumatology, Tangshan Second Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China. FAU - Wang, Bin AU - Wang B AD - Institute of Traumatology, Tangshan Second Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260909 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Pediatr JT - Frontiers in pediatrics JID - 101615492 PMC - PMC13597771 OTO - NOTNLM OT - body mass index OT - flatfoot OT - hallux valgus OT - hindfoot valgus OT - pediatric orthopedics OT - school screening COIS- YW was employed by Tianjin Delijie Medical Devices Co., Ltd., the manufacturer of the foot analysis instrument used in this study. The remaining author(s) declared that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/24 12:49 MHDA- 2026/09/24 12:50 PMCR- 2026/09/09 CRDT- 2026/09/24 10:58 PHST- 2026/07/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/24 12:50 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/24 12:49 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/24 10:58 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1930830 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Pediatr. 2026 Sep 9;14:1930830. doi: 10.3389/fped.2026.1930830. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42780256 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260924 LR - 20260925 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Interpretable skeleton-based movement profiles for formative feedback in school physical activity education. PG - 1925220 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1925220 [doi] LID - 1925220 AB - BACKGROUND: Schools are an important setting for developing movement competence and supporting physical activity PA). Teachers provide feedback on how learners move, but individualized observation is difficult to sustain and document in large classes. Existing artificial intelligence (AI) systems typically classify an action or predict one competitive-sport score. These outputs do not identify the specific movement feature that a learner might adjust during practice. METHODS: Using three public human action datasets (NTU RGB+D, Penn Action, and a FineGym subset), we benchmarked five representative skeleton-sequence models-recurrent (LSTM, GRU), graph-based (ST-GCN, CTR-GCN), and a Transformer-under a unified setting, and constructed four interpretable movement-profile indicators from joint coordinates and trajectories: movement amplitude, postural stability, left-right coordination, and temporal consistency. Each indicator was normalized against the same-class reference distribution, providing a relative, interpretable description rather than an expert-certified score. RESULTS: Over five random seeds per dataset, independent-test macro-F1 ranged from 0.76 to 0.97; CTR-GCN obtained the highest mean on every dataset (NTU RGB+D 0.970 +/- 0.003). Paired tests supported its advantage over all four comparators on NTU RGB+D and FineGym, whereas on Penn Action only the comparison with LSTM remained significant after correction. In the feature ablation, the full kinematic input increased macro-F1 from 0.925 to 0.936 on 3D skeletons (Holm-adjusted p = 0.022); the corresponding 2D change from 0.893 to 0.905 was not significant after correction (p = 0.079). Per-action profiles and a same-action case analysis showed that the indicators capture interpretable kinematic structure. The resulting percentiles describe relative tendencies within these datasets; a low percentile does not by itself identify an incorrect movement or constitute an age-appropriate standard for children. CONCLUSION: Skeleton-only movement profiles offer a privacy-reducing, teacher-in-the-loop approach to formative feedback that could support digital PA education and health promotion in schools. As a computational proof-of-concept evaluated on public datasets, the study does not include health or learning outcomes, age-specific K-12 reference distributions, or authentic-classroom validation. Calibration on curriculum-relevant data from children and validation against teacher or movement-expert ratings are required before the profiles can be interpreted as movement-quality feedback or used to support public-health claims. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Ma, Lei, Li, Yang, Du, Zhu, Zhao and Jia. FAU - Ma, Qixuan AU - Ma Q AD - University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China. FAU - Lei, Xiao AU - Lei X AD - University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China. FAU - Li, Feng AU - Li F AD - Institute of Orthopaedics, Nankai University, Tianjin, China. AD - Eugene WuKangYuan (Hangzhou) Health Technology Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China. FAU - Yang, Chengmao AU - Yang C AD - Institute of Orthopaedics, Nankai University, Tianjin, China. AD - State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China. FAU - Du, Jinsui AU - Du J AD - Xiguan Guangya Experimental School, Liwan District, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Zhu, Jiaxing AU - Zhu J AD - Institute of Orthopaedics, Nankai University, Tianjin, China. AD - Eugene WuKangYuan (Hangzhou) Health Technology Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China. FAU - Zhao, Dongxin AU - Zhao D AD - Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, China. FAU - Jia, Zhenghu AU - Jia Z AD - Institute of Orthopaedics, Nankai University, Tianjin, China. AD - Eugene WuKangYuan (Hangzhou) Health Technology Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China. AD - State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260909 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Schools MH - *Physical Education and Training/methods MH - *Exercise/physiology MH - *Formative Feedback MH - Movement/physiology MH - Artificial Intelligence MH - Child PMC - PMC13597747 OTO - NOTNLM OT - digital health education OT - formative feedback OT - knowledge of performance OT - movement competence OT - physical activity promotion OT - school physical activity education OT - skeleton-based action recognition COIS- FL, JZ, and ZJ were employed by Eugene WuKangYuan (Hangzhou) Health Technology Co., Ltd. The remaining author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/24 12:49 MHDA- 2026/09/24 12:50 PMCR- 2026/09/09 CRDT- 2026/09/24 10:27 PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/24 12:50 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/24 12:49 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/24 10:27 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1925220 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2026 Sep 9;14:1925220. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1925220. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42779848 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260924 LR - 20260930 IS - 2587-1250 (Electronic) IS - 2587-0823 (Print) IS - 2587-1250 (Linking) VI - 72 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Sep 24 TI - Physical activity and exercise in pediatric oncology: conceptual distinctions and clinical implications. PG - 275-282 LID - 10.4274/tftrd.2026.18471 [doi] AB - Survival in childhood cancers has markedly improved, yet many children experience treatment-related difficulties such as persistent fatigue, muscle weakness, reduced endurance, and impaired quality of life. As interest in non-pharmacological approaches grows, movement-based strategies, ranging from general physical activity to structured exercise, have become increasingly prominent in pediatric oncology care. This review aims to clarify the conceptual and practical differences between physical activity and structured exercise, and to summarize current evidence on movement-based interventions used during active treatment and survivorship in children and adolescents with cancer. Drawing on quantitative and qualitative studies published between 2000 and 2025, it shows that priorities shift across treatment phases: safety and feasibility are emphasized during active therapy, whereas long-term health and functional recovery gain importance in survivorship. The findings highlight the need for clearer terminology, coordinated multidisciplinary practice, meaningful family involvement, and consistent outcome measures with longer-term follow-up in future research. CI - (c)Copyright 2026 The Author(s). Published by Galenos Publishing House on behalf of the Turkish Society of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. FAU - Aydin, Ayse Resa AU - Aydin AR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8496-7424 AD - Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Berktas, Yagmur AU - Berktas Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2221-3029 AD - Department of Supportive Treatment and Care in Cancer Patients, Istanbul University Institute of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - Turkey TA - Turk J Phys Med Rehabil JT - Turkish journal of physical medicine and rehabilitation JID - 101719024 PMC - PMC13617965 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Pediatric oncology OT - childhood cancer OT - exercise OT - physical activity OT - rehabilitation OT - survivorship COIS- Ayse Resa Aydin, MD, is a member of the Scientific Advisory Board of the Turkish Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. She was not involved in the peer-review process of this article and had no access to any information regarding its evaluation. The other author has no conflicts of interest to declare. EDAT- 2026/09/24 13:06 MHDA- 2026/09/24 13:07 PMCR- 2026/09/24 CRDT- 2026/09/24 06:24 PHST- 2026/09/24 13:07 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/24 13:06 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/24 06:24 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.4274/tftrd.2026.18471 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Turk J Phys Med Rehabil. 2026 Sep 24;72(3):275-282. doi: 10.4274/tftrd.2026.18471. PMID- 42777493 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261022 LR - 20261022 IS - 1872-6283 (Electronic) IS - 0379-0738 (Linking) VI - 389 DP - 2026 Dec TI - A novel four-teeth model for dental age estimation: Reliability, validity, and comparative accuracy with a seven-teeth approach. PG - 113142 LID - S0379-0738(26)00330-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.forsciint.2026.113142 [doi] AB - Dental age estimation plays a critical role in forensic identification and legal age determination, particularly in children and adolescents. Although multi-tooth regression models demonstrate high predictive accuracy, their application may be restricted in situations involving incomplete dentition or suboptimal radiographic visualization. The present study aimed to develop and validate a simplified four-teeth model for dental age estimation and to compare its performance with established seven-teeth models. A cross-sectional study was conducted using 2000 panoramic radiographs of Indian children aged 5-16 yrs. Dental maturity was assessed using the normalized open apices method. A regression equation based on four mandibular posterior teeth (34, 35, 36, 37) was derived using stepwise multiple linear regression and validated on an test dataset (n = 500). Model performance was evaluated using coefficient of determination (R(2)), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and compared with Prabhu's population-specific and Cameriere's seven-teeth models. The four-teeth model demonstrated good predictive ability (R(2) = 69.6%, p < 0.0001), with an overall RMSE of 1.15 yrs and MAE of 0.95 yrs. The highest accuracy was observed in the 9-13 yrs age group (RMSE = 0.98 yrs), where performance was comparable to the seven-teeth models. Prediction error increased in the 13-16-yrs group (RMSE = 1.50 yrs), reflecting reduced discriminatory information following completion of root development. The model may therefore be useful as a simplified adjunct for dental age estimation primarily during the 5-13-yrs developmental period, in cases of incomplete dentition or compromised radiographic quality while external validation is required before broader forensic application. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Prabhu, Rachana AU - Prabhu R AD - Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology, Yenepoya Dental College, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), India. Electronic address: rachanaprabhu@yenepoya.edu.in. FAU - Yashaswini, K AU - Yashaswini K AD - Department of Biostatistics, Nitte Institute of Allied Health Sciences, K.S.Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University), India. FAU - Shenoy, Prashanth AU - Shenoy P AD - Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology, Yenepoya Dental College, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), India. FAU - Prabhu, Vishnudas AU - Prabhu V AD - Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, Yenepoya Dental College, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), India. FAU - Chatra, Laxmikanth AU - Chatra L AD - Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology, Yenepoya Dental College, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), India. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260918 PL - Ireland TA - Forensic Sci Int JT - Forensic science international JID - 7902034 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Age Determination by Teeth/methods MH - Child MH - Radiography, Panoramic MH - Adolescent MH - Child, Preschool MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Forensic Dentistry/methods MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Linear Models MH - Male MH - Female MH - Tooth Apex/diagnostic imaging/growth & development OTO - NOTNLM OT - Dental age estimation OT - Forensic odontology OT - Four teeth model OT - Open apices OT - Regression analysis COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest declare that there is no conflict of interest in submission of the same for publication in your esteemed journal. EDAT- 2026/09/23 23:56 MHDA- 2026/10/22 23:28 CRDT- 2026/09/23 18:07 PHST- 2026/04/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/22 23:28 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/23 23:56 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/23 18:07 [entrez] AID - S0379-0738(26)00330-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.forsciint.2026.113142 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Forensic Sci Int. 2026 Dec;389:113142. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2026.113142. Epub 2026 Sep 18. PMID- 42777468 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260923 IS - 1872-7654 (Electronic) IS - 0301-2115 (Linking) VI - 327 DP - 2026 Sep 19 TI - Construction and verification of a prediction model for gestational diabetes mellitus complicated with gestational hypertension based on a specialized disease research database. PG - 115449 LID - S0301-2115(26)00517-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2026.115449 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To construct and validate a model for predicting the risk of gestational hypertension disorder (HDP) in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and to explore the nonlinear association between key metabolic indicators and the risk of HDP. METHOD: This study was a multicenter retrospective cohort study. Data were derived from the GDM-specific databases of multiple collaborating hospitals and included singleton pregnant women with GDM from May 29, 2018 to October 30, 2025. A total of 1,500 pregnant women were included in the analysis, of which 123 (8.2%) developed HDP. Using Boruta algorithm for feature screening, the optimal breakpoint determined based on restricted cubic spline (RCS) is used to convert continuous variables into binary variables, and a multivariable logistic regression is used to construct a prediction model; Apply RCS and segmented regression to analyze the nonlinear effects and thresholds of key continuous variables. Internal validation was conducted using Bootstrap resampling, and the clinical net benefit of the model was evaluated using decision curve analysis (DCA). RESULTS: The final prediction model included six variables: pre pregnancy BMI >/= 25 kg/m (2) (OR = 1.92, 95% CI 1.28-2.87), assisted reproductive conception (OR = 1.80, 95% CI 1.07-3.04), history of adverse pregnancy and childbirth (OR = 1.54, 95% CI 0.97-2.47), HOMA-IR /= 2.867 mmol/L (OR = 1.81, 95% CI 0.91-3.59), and age >/= 35 years (OR = 1.32, 95% CI 0.89-1.94). There is a significant non-linear correlation between HOMA-IR and triglyceride levels in early pregnancy and HDP risk, with thresholds of 2.600 and 2.867 mmol/L, respectively. When the threshold is below, the risk increases sharply with the increase of indicators. After internal validation, the final model had a corrected C-index of 0.644 (AUC = 0.665), with acceptable calibration accuracy. Decision curve analysis shows that when the decision threshold is between 2% and 18%, applying the model to guide clinical intervention can bring net benefits. CONCLUSION: We constructed a moderately‑performing HDP risk‑prediction model for GDM‑complicating pregnancies using accessible clinical variables for auxiliary risk stratification, with HOMA‑IR and TG exploratory thresholds needing prospective validation before clinical use. CI - Copyright (c) 2026. Published by Elsevier B.V. FAU - Gao, Lan AU - Gao L AD - Department of Endocrinology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou City 570311, Hainan Province, China. FAU - Wang, Fei AU - Wang F AD - Department of Endocrinology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou City 570311, Hainan Province, China. FAU - Ji, Qun AU - Ji Q AD - Department of Endocrinology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou City 570311, Hainan Province, China. FAU - Chen, ChunLan AU - Chen C AD - Department of Endocrinology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou City 570311, Hainan Province, China. FAU - Lin, CaiQiong AU - Lin C AD - Department of Endocrinology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou City 570311, Hainan Province, China. FAU - Lu, Min AU - Lu M AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou City 570311, Hainan Province, China. FAU - Chen, KaiNing AU - Chen K AD - Department of Endocrinology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou City 570311, Hainan Province, China. FAU - Liu, HaiWei AU - Liu H AD - Department of Endocrinology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou City 570311, Hainan Province, China. Electronic address: hndxlhw@126.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260919 PL - Ireland TA - Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol JT - European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology JID - 0375672 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Decision Curve analysis OT - Gestational diabetes mellitus OT - Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy OT - Nomogram OT - Predictive models OT - Threshold effect COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/09/23 23:56 MHDA- 2026/09/23 23:56 CRDT- 2026/09/23 18:06 PHST- 2025/12/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/23 23:56 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/23 23:56 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/23 18:06 [entrez] AID - S0301-2115(26)00517-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2026.115449 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2026 Sep 19;327:115449. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2026.115449. PMID- 42777335 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261014 LR - 20261014 IS - 2352-3964 (Electronic) IS - 2352-3964 (Linking) VI - 132 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Metabolomic profiling of ultra-processed food consumption and cardiovascular risk in Spanish preschool children: a cross-sectional study. PG - 106488 LID - S2352-3964(26)00372-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ebiom.2026.106488 [doi] LID - 106488 AB - BACKGROUND: Ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption has increased substantially among children worldwide and has been associated with early cardiovascular alterations. We aimed to identify plasma metabolomic profiles associated with UPF consumption in children aged 3-6 years and to assess their association with cardiovascular risk factors. METHODS: This cross-sectional analysis used baseline data from the Childhood Obesity Risk Assessment Longitudinal Study (CORALS), with children recruited between March 2019 and June 2022 through primary schools and health-care centres in seven Spanish cities. 1148 children were included (mean age 5.0 years [SD 1.1]; 50.6% girls) after exclusions due to medical conditions and incomplete or implausible dietary or metabolomic data. Energy-adjusted UPF intake (g/d) was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire and categorised with NOVA classification. 249 metabolites were quantified by NMR-based metabolomics, and lipid-related and amino acid-related profiles/scores were derived. A composite cardiovascular risk score (CVRs) was constructed by summing sex-specific, age-adjusted z-scores for fat-mass index, HDL-and LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, mean arterial pressure, and Homoeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance. FINDINGS: 19 metabolites were associated with UPF consumption after false discovery rate correction (FDR). A lipid-related score was positively associated with CVRs (beta = 0.511; 95% CI: 0.413-0.610; FDR <0.001) and the amino acid-related score was associated with a lower CVRs (beta = -0.494; 95% CI: -0.667 to -0.321; FDR <0.001). Discrimination of cardiovascular risk beyond covariates alone was higher after inclusion of metabolomic scores, particularly when both scores were considered jointly (DeltaAUC 0.092, 95% CI: 0.013-0.172; p = 0.020). INTERPRETATION: In Spanish pre-schoolers UPF-related metabolomic profiles were associated with different cardiovascular risk factors. These diet-related metabolomic scores capture biological correlates relevant to early cardiovascular health and align with early-life metabolic pattering, supporting future longitudinal studies and prevention strategies. FUNDING: CIBEROBN; Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII-FIS; EU ERDF/ESF); ISCIII PFIS. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Perez-Acosta, Josue A AU - Perez-Acosta JA AD - Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquimica i Biotecnologia, Alimentacio, Nutricio, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental (ANUT-DSM), Reus, Spain; Institut de Recerca Biomedica Catalunya Sud (IRBCatSud), Reus, Spain; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Garcia-Gavilan, Jesus F AU - Garcia-Gavilan JF AD - Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquimica i Biotecnologia, Alimentacio, Nutricio, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental (ANUT-DSM), Reus, Spain; Institut de Recerca Biomedica Catalunya Sud (IRBCatSud), Reus, Spain; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Margara-Escudero, Hernando J AU - Margara-Escudero HJ AD - Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquimica i Biotecnologia, Alimentacio, Nutricio, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental (ANUT-DSM), Reus, Spain; Institut de Recerca Biomedica Catalunya Sud (IRBCatSud), Reus, Spain; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Aguilera, Concepcion M AU - Aguilera CM AD - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INYTA) and Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, 18071, Spain; Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain. FAU - Leis, Rosaura AU - Leis R AD - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Unit of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Pediatric Service, Hospital Clinico Universitario de Santiago, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Pediatric Nutrition Research Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS). Unit of Investigation in Nutrition, Growth and Human Development of Galicia-USC, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain. FAU - Gheorghita, Irina AU - Gheorghita I AD - Institut de Recerca Biomedica Catalunya Sud (IRBCatSud), Reus, Spain; Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Pediatric Nutrition and Human Development Research Unit (PediNuR), Reus, Spain. FAU - Miguel-Berges, Maria L AU - Miguel-Berges ML AD - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD-B34_23R) Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud e Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragon (IA2) University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain. FAU - Navas-Carretero, Santiago AU - Navas-Carretero S AD - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; University of Navarra, Center for Nutrition Research, 31008, Pamplona, Spain; Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Nutricion y Salud, 31080, Pamplona, Spain; IdisNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain. FAU - Sorli, Jose V AU - Sorli JV AD - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. FAU - Lazaro, Iolanda AU - Lazaro I AD - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Pastor-Villaescusa, Belen AU - Pastor-Villaescusa B AD - Primary Care Interventions to Prevent Maternal and Child Chronic Diseases of Perinatal and Developmental Origin (RICORS), RD21/0012/0008, Spanish Network in Maternal, Neonatal, Child and Developmental Health Research (RICORS-SAMID, RD24/0013/0007), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain; Metabolism and Investigation Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimonides Institute of Biomedicine Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), University of Cordoba; Cordoba, 14071, Spain. FAU - Vazquez-Cobela, Rocio AU - Vazquez-Cobela R AD - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Unit of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Pediatric Service, Hospital Clinico Universitario de Santiago, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Pediatric Nutrition Research Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS). Unit of Investigation in Nutrition, Growth and Human Development of Galicia-USC, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain. FAU - Iglesias-Vazquez, Lucia AU - Iglesias-Vazquez L AD - Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquimica i Biotecnologia, Alimentacio, Nutricio, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental (ANUT-DSM), Reus, Spain; Institut de Recerca Biomedica Catalunya Sud (IRBCatSud), Reus, Spain; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. FAU - De Miguel-Etayo, Pilar AU - De Miguel-Etayo P AD - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD-B34_23R) Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud e Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragon (IA2) University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Aragon (IIS Aragon), Zaragoza, Spain. FAU - Vazquez-Bolea, Natalia AU - Vazquez-Bolea N AD - University of Navarra, Center for Nutrition Research, 31008, Pamplona, Spain; Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Nutricion y Salud, 31080, Pamplona, Spain. FAU - Jurado-Castro, Jose Manuel AU - Jurado-Castro JM AD - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Metabolism and Investigation Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimonides Institute of Biomedicine Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), University of Cordoba; Cordoba, 14071, Spain. FAU - Picans-Leis, Rosaura AU - Picans-Leis R AD - Neonatology Service, RICORS-SAMID-CIBERER, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain. FAU - Escribano, Joaquin AU - Escribano J AD - Institut de Recerca Biomedica Catalunya Sud (IRBCatSud), Reus, Spain; Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Pediatric Nutrition and Human Development Research Unit (PediNuR), Reus, Spain; Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Servicio de Pediatria, Reus, Spain. FAU - Moreno, Luis A AU - Moreno LA AD - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD-B34_23R) Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud e Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragon (IA2) University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Aragon (IIS Aragon), Zaragoza, Spain. FAU - Torre-Aguilar, MJose de la AU - Torre-Aguilar M AD - Metabolism and Investigation Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimonides Institute of Biomedicine Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), University of Cordoba; Cordoba, 14071, Spain. FAU - Gil-Campos, Mercedes AU - Gil-Campos M AD - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Metabolism and Investigation Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimonides Institute of Biomedicine Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), University of Cordoba; Cordoba, 14071, Spain. FAU - Salas-Salvado, Jordi AU - Salas-Salvado J AD - Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquimica i Biotecnologia, Alimentacio, Nutricio, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental (ANUT-DSM), Reus, Spain; Institut de Recerca Biomedica Catalunya Sud (IRBCatSud), Reus, Spain; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: jordi.salas@urv.cat. FAU - Babio, Nancy AU - Babio N AD - Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquimica i Biotecnologia, Alimentacio, Nutricio, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental (ANUT-DSM), Reus, Spain; Institut de Recerca Biomedica Catalunya Sud (IRBCatSud), Reus, Spain; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: nancy.babio@urv.cat. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260923 PL - Netherlands TA - EBioMedicine JT - EBioMedicine JID - 101647039 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology/etiology/metabolism MH - *Metabolomics/methods MH - Spain/epidemiology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Child, Preschool MH - Male MH - Child MH - *Metabolome MH - *Fast Foods/adverse effects MH - Biomarkers MH - Heart Disease Risk Factors MH - Risk Factors PMC - PMC13634276 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cardiometabolic risk OT - Children OT - Metabolomics OT - Ultra-processed foods COIS- Declaration of interests JS-S reports non-financial support in the form of food products (virgin olive oil, almonds, and pistachios) provided by Patrimonio Comunal Olivarero, the Almond Board of California, and American Pistachio Growers, respectively, for pilot study participants. JS-S serves on the scientific advisory boards of the Danone Institute International and the International Nut and Dried Fruit Foundation on an unpaid basis. JS-S has received travel and accommodation support from the International Nut and Dried Fruit Foundation to attend scientific meetings and has participated as a member of the international advisory board of a research project on cashew nut supplementation in type 2 diabetes. Outside the submitted work, JS-S has received honoraria for lectures from the Danone Institute Spain and institutional grants or in-kind support from the International Nut and Dried Fruit Foundation. NVB reports an FPU grant from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (MCIU; FPU23/01950). All other authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/09/23 23:56 MHDA- 2026/10/14 23:31 PMCR- 2026/09/23 CRDT- 2026/09/23 18:02 PHST- 2026/02/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/14 23:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/23 23:56 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/23 18:02 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2352-3964(26)00372-5 [pii] AID - 106488 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ebiom.2026.106488 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - EBioMedicine. 2026 Oct;132:106488. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2026.106488. Epub 2026 Sep 23. PMID- 42777198 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260923 LR - 20260923 IS - 2791-6421 (Electronic) IS - 0041-4301 (Linking) VI - 68 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Sep 11 TI - Esophageal atresia and nutritional outcomes: the influence of anastomotic stricture and gastroesophageal reflux. PG - 662-671 LID - 10.24953/turkjpediatr.2026.6347 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Esophageal atresia (EA) is a congenital malformation often associated with long-term gastrointestinal complications and impaired growth. This study aimed to evaluate anthropometric outcomes in children with EA, with particular attention to the impact of associated conditions such as anastomotic stricture and gastroesophageal reflux (GER). METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with type C EA who underwent primary anastomosis between 2005 and 2021. Anthropometric data were collected at four age intervals (<1 year, 1-4 years, 5-11 years, >11 years) and standardized using validated growth charts. Associations between anthropometric parameters and the presence of stricture or GER were analyzed. RESULTS: Fifty-seven patients met the inclusion criteria. Stricture and GER were identified in 32% and 30% of patients, respectively. Infants (<1 year) with stricture had significantly lower BMI Z-scores -2.5 +/- 0.7 than those without stricture (-1.1 +/- 1.1; p=0.0093), while those with GER had significantly lower weight Z-scores (-2.1 +/- 1.0) than those without GER (-1.2 +/- 1.1; p=0.0443). Although most patients showed improvement in anthropometric parameters with age, early growth impairment was consistently observed in association with these complications. CONCLUSIONS: Children with EA are at risk of impaired growth during early childhood, particularly when stricture or GER is present. Regular anthropometric monitoring and early nutritional intervention are crucial, especially within the first year of life. Long-term multidisciplinary follow-up is recommended to optimize developmental outcomes. FAU - Salcedo Arroyo, Paula AU - Salcedo Arroyo P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2579-2094 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Terrassa, Spain. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitari Mutua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Spain. FAU - Bragagnini Rodriguez, Paolo AU - Bragagnini Rodriguez P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3053-3436 AD - Pediatric Surgery Department, Pediatric Surgery Research Group GIISA 018, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain. FAU - Fernandez Atuan, Rafael AU - Fernandez Atuan R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3204-0483 AD - Pediatric Surgery Department, Pediatric Surgery Research Group GIISA 018, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain. AD - University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain. FAU - Garcia Romero, Ruth AU - Garcia Romero R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3017-1340 AD - Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain. FAU - Vargova, Paulina AU - Vargova P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0705-5309 AD - Pediatric Surgery Department, Pediatric Surgery Research Group GIISA 018, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain. FAU - Ros Arnal, Ignacio AU - Ros Arnal I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4163-8003 AD - Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain. FAU - Corona Bellostas, Carolina AU - Corona Bellostas C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7368-1033 AD - Pediatric Surgery Department, Pediatric Surgery Research Group GIISA 018, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain. AD - University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260911 PL - Turkey TA - Turk J Pediatr JT - The Turkish journal of pediatrics JID - 0417505 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Esophageal Atresia/surgery/complications MH - *Gastroesophageal Reflux/complications/etiology MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Female MH - Male MH - Infant MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Esophageal Stenosis/etiology MH - Anastomosis, Surgical/adverse effects MH - *Postoperative Complications MH - *Nutritional Status OTO - NOTNLM OT - esophageal atresia OT - esophageal stricture OT - gastroesophageal reflux OT - growth OT - nutritional status EDAT- 2026/09/23 17:37 MHDA- 2026/09/23 23:56 CRDT- 2026/09/23 16:06 PHST- 2025/05/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/23 23:56 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/23 17:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/23 16:06 [entrez] AID - 6347 [pii] AID - 10.24953/turkjpediatr.2026.6347 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Turk J Pediatr. 2026 Sep 11;68(4):662-671. doi: 10.24953/turkjpediatr.2026.6347. PMID- 42776987 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260923 LR - 20260925 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 9 DP - 2026 TI - Acceptability, feasibility, appropriateness, uptake and cost perceptions of family mid-upper arm circumference supported by two-way SMS in western Kenya. PG - e0358775 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0358775 [doi] LID - e0358775 AB - Early identification and treatment of acute malnutrition can decrease mortality and morbidity related to wasting or low weight-for-height. Teaching caregivers to measure mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), an approach known as Family MUAC, may support early diagnosis of wasting. Family MUAC paired with mobile support from healthcare workers resulted in a 37% reduction in child wasting in the Mama Aweza trial in Kenya. This study examines the intervention's acceptability, feasibility, appropriateness, uptake, perceptions of cost savings, and factors influencing engagement with Family MUAC. This qualitative study involved eight focus group discussions with caregivers enrolled in the Mama Aweza trial and fourteen in-depth interviews with caregivers who participated in the intervention arm, Family MUAC supported by two-way short message service (SMS). Caregivers were purposively selected based on engagement level with the intervention. Eighteen program staff and healthcare workers from three facilities in western Kenya participated in in-depth interviews. The Theoretical Domains Framework informed design of data collection tools. Caregiver and healthcare worker perceptions of Family MUAC with two-way SMS centered on seven themes. The intervention was viewed as acceptable, cost-saving, appropriate, feasible, and empowering. Caregiver uptake was high, and integrating child growth monitoring with other health services may help enhance sustainability. Barriers to uptake included inconsistent MUAC measurements, limited social support, and issues with phone sharing. Refresher trainings could increase accuracy of MUAC measurements and improve engagement. Direct communication with healthcare workers via SMS built trust and strengthened patient-provider relationships. Caregivers also reported perceived cost savings, as SMS communication reduced unnecessary travel to health centers when children were not malnourished. This study supports Family MUAC with two-way SMS as a promising approach to empower caregivers and highlights their critical role in child health and nutrition interventions. Future interventions can focus on improving measurement accuracy and mitigating negative social influences on caregiver-led interventions. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Choo et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Choo, Esther M AU - Choo EM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6564-7962 AD - Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America. FAU - Lara-Arevalo, Jonathan AU - Lara-Arevalo J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9588-7027 AD - Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America. FAU - Achieng, Catherine AU - Achieng C AD - Centre for Clinical Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya. FAU - Odhiambo, Merceline AU - Odhiambo M AD - Independent Consultant, Nairobi, Kenya. FAU - Okello, Maurine Anyango AU - Okello MA AD - Centre for Clinical Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya. FAU - Masheti, Mary AU - Masheti M AD - Centre for Clinical Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya. FAU - Tickell, Kirkby D AU - Tickell KD AD - Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America. FAU - Diakhate, Mame M AU - Diakhate MM AD - Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America. FAU - Singa, Benson O AU - Singa BO AD - Centre for Clinical Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya. FAU - McGrath, Christine J AU - McGrath CJ AD - Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America. FAU - Means, Arianna Rubin AU - Means AR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4087-7080 AD - Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260923 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Kenya MH - *Arm/anatomy & histology MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Text Messaging MH - Caregivers/psychology MH - Feasibility Studies MH - Adult MH - Infant MH - Focus Groups MH - Child, Preschool MH - Health Personnel PMC - PMC13600513 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/09/23 17:36 MHDA- 2026/09/23 17:37 PMCR- 2026/09/23 CRDT- 2026/09/23 13:44 PHST- 2025/12/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/23 17:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/23 17:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/23 13:44 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-25-63080 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0358775 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 Sep 23;21(9):e0358775. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0358775. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42776278 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260923 LR - 20261001 IS - 1432-1335 (Electronic) IS - 0171-5216 (Print) IS - 0171-5216 (Linking) VI - 152 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep 22 TI - Sleep quality and disturbances in adolescents and young adults with cancer compared to a healthy comparison group: results of the AYA-LE study. LID - 10.1007/s00432-026-06627-1 [doi] LID - 185 AB - PURPOSE: Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer often exhibit riskier health behaviors, including poorer sleep patterns, compared to older individuals. Research on the relationship between cancer and sleep quality in AYA patients has yielded inconsistent results. This study investigates sleep quality in AYA patients compared to a healthy comparison group and examines associated sociodemographic, clinical, and psychosocial variables as well as physical activity. METHODS: The prospective observational study included 407 AYA patients aged 18-39 years at diagnosis and 372 healthy participants aged 18-45 years, with data collected from May-September 2019. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Validated questionnaires measured self-efficacy, social support, anxiety, depression, quality of life, lack of energy, and physical activity. Multiple regression analyses were employed to explore the variables associated with sleep quality. RESULTS: The mean age of the AYA patients was 34.8 years (75.2% women) and 32.3 years of the healthy participants (61.8% women). AYA patients demonstrated significantly poorer subjective sleep quality (d=0.31), lower sleep efficiency (d=0.15), more frequent sleep disturbances (d=0.23), greater use of sleep medication (d=0.25), and higher daytime dysfunction (d=0.29). Anxiety, depression (HADS), quality of life (EORTC), and unmet needs for support through lack of energy (SCNS) were significantly associated with PSQI (adjusted R(2)=0.35). CONCLUSION: These findings underscore the relevance of sleep disturbances in AYA patients and support greater attention to sleep disturbances in survivorship care. Routine assessment of sleep quality may help identify AYA patients who could benefit from further evaluation and appropriate support. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Wieland, Carolin AU - Wieland C AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-2507-5294 AD - Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Central Germany (CCCG), University Medical Center Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 55, 04103, Leipzig, Germany. FAU - Friedrich, Michael AU - Friedrich M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0528-1564 AD - Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Central Germany (CCCG), University Medical Center Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 55, 04103, Leipzig, Germany. FAU - Sender, Annekathrin AU - Sender A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5457-4021 AD - Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Central Germany (CCCG), University Medical Center Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 55, 04103, Leipzig, Germany. FAU - Leuteritz, Katja AU - Leuteritz K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5942-0988 AD - Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Central Germany (CCCG), University Medical Center Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 55, 04103, Leipzig, Germany. FAU - Brock, Hannah AU - Brock H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9905-9488 AD - Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Central Germany (CCCG), University Medical Center Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 55, 04103, Leipzig, Germany. FAU - Geue, Kristina AU - Geue K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6590-5650 AD - University Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Magdeburg, Otto-von-Guericke Universitat Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany. FAU - Mehnert-Theuerkauf, Anja AU - Mehnert-Theuerkauf A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6872-9805 AD - Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Central Germany (CCCG), University Medical Center Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 55, 04103, Leipzig, Germany. FAU - Richter, Diana AU - Richter D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3977-2801 AD - Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Central Germany (CCCG), University Medical Center Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 55, 04103, Leipzig, Germany. diana.richter@medizin.uni-leipzig.de. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260922 PL - Germany TA - J Cancer Res Clin Oncol JT - Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology JID - 7902060 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Adult MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - *Neoplasms/complications/psychology/physiopathology MH - *Sleep Quality MH - Male MH - *Sleep Wake Disorders/etiology/epidemiology MH - Prospective Studies MH - Quality of Life MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Middle Aged MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Depression PMC - PMC13601403 OTO - NOTNLM OT - AYA OT - Cancer OT - PSQI OT - Psycho-oncology OT - Sleep OT - Survivorship COIS- Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/23 17:36 MHDA- 2026/09/23 17:37 PMCR- 2026/09/22 CRDT- 2026/09/23 11:14 PHST- 2026/08/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/23 17:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/23 17:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/23 11:14 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s00432-026-06627-1 [pii] AID - 6627 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00432-026-06627-1 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2026 Sep 22;152(9):185. doi: 10.1007/s00432-026-06627-1. PMID- 42776174 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260923 IS - 1558-9110 (Electronic) IS - 1058-0360 (Linking) DP - 2026 Sep 23 TI - The Management of Swallowing Disorders in Children With Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type 1: A Scoping Review. PG - 1-22 LID - 10.1044/2026_AJSLP-25-00460 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: Spinal muscular atrophy Type 1 (SMA1) is a rare autosomal recessive neuromuscular disorder with progressive muscle weakness and atrophy. Dysphagia is common among children with SMA1, and its complications are frequently documented. This scoping review aimed to describe the management of swallowing disorders in this population. METHOD: Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, four electronic databases were searched (PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library) for studies on children with SMA1. We investigated the management of swallowing disorders in children with SMA1, including methods and protocols used to assess swallowing and feeding, and treatment option. The quality of included studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklists; two independent researchers conducted study selection and data extraction. RESULTS: Thirty-eight studies with a total of 1,784 SMA1 patients were included. Swallowing was evaluated using instrumental methods (flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing and videofluoroscopic swallowing study) and clinical assessments, with one validated protocol identified for pediatric SMA (Oral and Swallowing Abilities Tool). Delayed initiation of swallowing, oral impairment, pharyngeal residues, and aspiration were frequently reported. Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy was used in cases of severe dysphagia, malnutrition, and failure to thrive. Few studies reported information on compensatory strategies and rehabilitative treatments. CONCLUSION: Further research is needed to standardize swallowing assessment approaches and to evaluate the effectiveness of rehabilitative and compensatory interventions in children with SMA1. SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL: https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.33746656. FAU - Rocca, Sara AU - Rocca S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4144-7269 AD - Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Italy. FAU - Pizzi, Laura AU - Pizzi L AD - Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Italy. FAU - Pizzorni, Nicole AU - Pizzorni N AD - Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Italy. FAU - Gandolfi, Sofia AU - Gandolfi S AD - Developmental Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy. FAU - Masson, Riccardo AU - Masson R AD - Developmental Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy. FAU - Schindler, Antonio AU - Schindler A AD - Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Italy. AD - Phoniatric and Speech and Language Pathology Unit, V. Buzzi Children Hospital, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Milan, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260923 PL - United States TA - Am J Speech Lang Pathol JT - American journal of speech-language pathology JID - 9114726 SB - IM EDAT- 2026/09/23 17:36 MHDA- 2026/09/23 17:36 CRDT- 2026/09/23 11:07 PHST- 2026/09/23 17:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/23 17:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/23 11:07 [entrez] AID - 10.1044/2026_AJSLP-25-00460 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 2026 Sep 23:1-22. doi: 10.1044/2026_AJSLP-25-00460. PMID- 42775715 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260923 LR - 20260925 IS - 1740-8709 (Electronic) IS - 1740-8695 (Print) IS - 1740-8695 (Linking) VI - 22 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Animal- and Plant-Source Protein-Rich Foods Differ in Their Association With Maternal Micronutrient Status and Breast Milk Composition During Lactation. PG - e70253 LID - 10.1111/mcn.70253 [doi] LID - e70253 AB - Micronutrient deficiencies in lactating women remain widespread and under-addressed, compromising maternal health and breast milk quality. Although dietary guidelines promote protein-rich foods, most do not distinguish between animal and plant sources within this food group, despite differences in nutrient profiles and bioavailability. This study examined associations between intake of animal-source and plant-source foods within the protein-rich food group and maternal nutritional biomarkers in blood and breast milk. Nutrient contributions from each source and intake patterns across sociodemographic groups were also assessed. Data were drawn from 220 mother-infant pairs in urban and rural West Java, Indonesia. Maternal dietary intake was assessed over 3 non-consecutive days using a combination of weighed food records and recall. At 5 months postpartum, maternal BMI, blood, and breast milk samples were collected to assess zinc, iron, vitamin A, and B12 status. Associations between dietary intake and maternal biomarkers were analysed using multiple linear regression, adjusting for relevant covariates. Total protein-rich food intake was not significantly associated with maternal biomarkers. However, higher intake of animal-source protein-rich foods was positively associated with serum B12 and zinc, while higher intake of plant-source protein-rich foods was inversely associated with breast milk vitamin A. Macronutrients, particularly protein and fat, from animal-based foods were more strongly associated with maternal micronutrient biomarkers than micronutrient intake alone. Protein-rich food intake did not vary across sociodemographic groups, indicating feasibility for broad-based interventions. These findings support a shift in dietary guidance for lactating women, from focusing solely on total quantity of protein-rich foods to recognising nutritionally meaningful differences between animal-source and plant-source foods. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Maternal & Child Nutrition published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Rahmannia, Sofa AU - Rahmannia S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2988-1334 AD - School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia. AD - Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pasundan, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. FAU - Arena, Gina AU - Arena G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6956-3472 AD - Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia. AD - The Kids Research Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia. FAU - Murray, Kevin AU - Murray K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8856-6046 AD - School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia. FAU - Diana, Aly AU - Diana A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9394-5235 AD - Nutrition Working Group, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. AD - Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. FAU - Houghton, Lisa AU - Houghton L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2276-6205 AD - Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand. FAU - Gibson, Rosalind AU - Gibson R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1738-7593 AD - Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand. FAU - Hickling, Siobhan AU - Hickling S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8337-2894 AD - School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia. LA - eng GR - OPP1127870/Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation/ GR - Australian Government Research Training Program/ PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Matern Child Nutr JT - Maternal & child nutrition JID - 101201025 RN - 0 (Micronutrients) RN - 0 (Dietary Proteins) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - J41CSQ7QDS (Zinc) RN - P6YC3EG204 (Vitamin B 12) RN - 11103-57-4 (Vitamin A) RN - 0 (Animal Proteins, Dietary) RN - 0 (Plant Proteins) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Micronutrients/blood/deficiency/administration & dosage MH - *Lactation MH - Adult MH - *Nutritional Status MH - *Milk, Human/chemistry MH - *Dietary Proteins/administration & dosage MH - Indonesia MH - Animals MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - Zinc/blood MH - *Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena MH - Vitamin B 12/blood MH - *Diet MH - Vitamin A/blood/analysis MH - *Animal Proteins, Dietary/administration & dosage MH - Young Adult MH - Body Mass Index MH - *Plant Proteins/administration & dosage PMC - PMC13599360 COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/23 11:50 MHDA- 2026/09/23 11:51 PMCR- 2026/09/23 CRDT- 2026/09/23 08:07 PHST- 2026/08/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/01/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/23 11:51 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/23 11:50 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/23 08:07 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - MCN70253 [pii] AID - 10.1111/mcn.70253 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Matern Child Nutr. 2026 Jul;22(3):e70253. doi: 10.1111/mcn.70253. PMID- 42775679 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260923 LR - 20261016 IS - 1460-6984 (Electronic) IS - 1368-2822 (Print) IS - 1368-2822 (Linking) VI - 61 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Nov-Dec TI - Normative Data and Reliability of the Test of Masticating and Swallowing Solids (TOMASS) in Healthy Brazilian Adults. PG - e70328 LID - 10.1111/1460-6984.70328 [doi] LID - e70328 AB - INTRODUCTION: The Test of Masticating and Swallowing Solids (TOMASS) is a standardized clinical assessment designed to quantify oral phase swallowing efficiency during solid food intake. Although TOMASS has been investigated in several countries, normative data for the Brazilian population are still lacking. OBJECTIVE: To establish normative data and investigate the reliability of the Brazilian Portuguese version of TOMASS in healthy adults. METHODS: This observational cross-sectional study included 99 healthy adults stratified by age group. Individuals with dysphagia, head and neck cancer, neurological disorders, or gastrointestinal diseases were excluded. Participants underwent sociodemographic assessment, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), oral structural evaluation, and TOMASS administration using a commercially available Cream Cracker biscuit available in Brazil. All assessments were video-recorded for subsequent analysis. Test-retest reliability was assessed through repeated administrations of TOMASS, and inter-rater reliability was analysed using video recordings. The analysed variables included the number of bites, the number of masticatory cycles, the number of swallows, and total ingestion time. Statistical analyses included Student's t-test, ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc tests, Wilcoxon test, and ICC coefficient. RESULTS: The sample included 99 healthy adults distributed across three age groups, with 54% women, a mean age of 50.2 (+/-16.3) years, mean education level of 12.4 (+/-4.1) years, and monthly household income equivalent to approximately two minimum wages (US$478 +/- US$228). Significant differences were found between age groups in the number of masticatory cycles (p = 0.021), specifically between the 20-40 and 61+ age groups (p = 0.040). Significant differences were also observed in total task time (p < 0.001), with contrasts between the 20-40 and 61+ groups (p = 0.002), as well as between the 41-60 and 61+ groups (p = 0.013). Test-retest reliability ranged from moderate to excellent, and inter-rater reliability demonstrated good to excellent agreement across TOMASS variables. CONCLUSION: The Brazilian Portuguese version of TOMASS demonstrated satisfactory reliability and applicability for assessing mastication and swallowing performance in healthy Brazilian adults. The present study also provides normative reference data that may support future clinical and research applications of TOMASS in Brazil. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS: What is already known on the subject The quantitative variables obtained through the TOMASS protocol contribute to the diagnostic accuracy of mastication abilities during a clinical swallowing examination (CSE), supporting more precise clinical decision-making, particularly when compared with previously established normative values. Moreover, the quantitative data allow for monitoring biomechanical changes over time, whether due to natural processes such as aging, neurofunctional maturation, or spontaneous recovery, or attributed to the efficacy of specific therapeutic interventions. What this paper adds to existing knowledge Normative TOMASS data for the Brazilian population may serve as clinical guidelines for assessing chewing and swallowing functions, given that the test is easily integrated into clinical evaluations due to its low cost and quick administration. These data may be especially relevant in contexts where socioeconomic, cultural, and physical barriers, a reality for a significant portion of the Brazilian population, still limit access to healthcare. What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this study? The clinical implications of this study are significant for speech-language pathologists in Brazil and other professionals involved in swallowing assessment and rehabilitation. The establishment of normative TOMASS data for the Brazilian population provides a valuable reference for identifying deviations in mastication performance across age and gender groups. Moreover, in low-resource contexts and developing countries, a brief, easy-to-administer, and low-cost protocol such as TOMASS is especially valuable, enabling equitable access to standardized assessment and monitoring of masticatory and swallowing functions. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Royal College of Speech and Language Therapists. FAU - Arcaro, Maria Eduarda Soares AU - Arcaro MES AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5321-7671 AD - Postgraduate Program in Medical Science, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. FAU - Bressanelli, Amanda AU - Bressanelli A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5056-5574 AD - Postgraduate Program in Medical Science, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. FAU - Santos, Vanessa Brzoskowski do AU - Santos VBD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2322-3499 AD - Postgraduate Program in Medical Science, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. FAU - Barbosa, Alice AU - Barbosa A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-0303-6591 AD - Undergraduate Program in Speech-Language Pathology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. FAU - Bice, Ed AU - Bice E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5753-9133 AD - IOPI Medical, LLC, Woodinville, Washington, USA. FAU - Olchik, Maira Rozenfeld AU - Olchik MR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8732-9225 AD - Postgraduate Program in Medical Science, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. AD - Undergraduate Program in Speech-Language Pathology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. AD - Neurology Service, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study PL - United States TA - Int J Lang Commun Disord JT - International journal of language & communication disorders JID - 9803709 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Adult MH - Brazil MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - *Deglutition/physiology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Reference Values MH - *Mastication/physiology MH - Young Adult MH - Aged MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13599047 OTO - NOTNLM OT - TOMASS OT - assessment OT - deglutition OT - mastication OT - solid OT - swallowing COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/23 11:50 MHDA- 2026/09/23 11:51 PMCR- 2026/09/23 CRDT- 2026/09/23 08:03 PHST- 2026/06/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/11/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/23 11:51 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/23 11:50 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/23 08:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JLCD70328 [pii] AID - 10.1111/1460-6984.70328 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Lang Commun Disord. 2026 Nov-Dec;61(6):e70328. doi: 10.1111/1460-6984.70328. PMID- 42774817 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260923 LR - 20260924 IS - 1728-869X (Print) IS - 2226-5104 (Electronic) IS - 1728-869X (Linking) VI - 24 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Reliability and validity of the International FItness Scale (IFIS): A systematic review and meta-analysis. PG - 200501 LID - 10.1016/j.jesf.2026.200501 [doi] LID - 200501 AB - BACKGROUND: Reliable and valid physical fitness instruments are necessary for population-level surveillance and monitoring. However, lab-based and field-based measures are often impractical in large-scale studies. Self-rated fitness scales such as the International Fitness Scale (IFIS) offer a feasible alternative. Therefore, the aim of this review was to quantitatively synthesize the available evidence on the reliability and validity of the IFIS. METHOD: Four online databases (Ovid MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, EMBASE and PubMed) were searched for papers published prior was performed August 2025. Studies meeting the following criteria were included: (1) published in English, (2) investigated the validity or reliability of the IFIS, (3) no limitation for population subgroups of the included studies. The risk of bias was assessed through the latest version of the COSMIN (Consensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement Instruments) Risk of Bias checklist. The random effects model was employed to compute the pooled effect sizes, the heterogeneity of the average effect size was assessed using I(2) statistic and Q statistics. RESULTS: After title and abstract screening, 20 records were assessed for full-text eligibility. Of these, 13 eligible studies (9634 participants) were included in this study. Reliability was assessed in 10 studies, and construct validity was assessed in a total of 11 studies (3 assessed the criterion validity). A substantial test-retest reliability was observed for overall fitness (pooled weighted kappa = 0.750, 95%CI = 0.600-0.848, Q = 899.283, I (2)  = 98.777), cardiorespiratory fitness (pooled weighted kappa = 0.752, 95%CI = 0.612-0.846, Q = 816.758, I (2)  = 98.653%), muscular fitness (pooled weighted kappa = 0.724, 95%CI = 0.630-0.798, Q = 350.584, I (2)  = 96.862%), speed-agility (pooled weighted kappa = 0.764, 95%CI = 0.645-0.847, Q = 655.508, I (2)  = 98.322%), and flexibility (pooled weighted kappa = 0.725, 95%CI = 0.633-0.796, Q = 335.094, I (2)  = 96.717%). The 11studies assessing the construct validity of the IFIS reported that participants who self-rated higher fitness with IFIS had higher objectively measured fitness, but due to different methods used, these results could not be meta-analyzed. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that the IFIS is a reliable instrument to assess physical fitness in children and adolescents. Acceptable validity was reported across studies, yet could not be meta-analyzed due to diversity in methodologies. More studies are needed to discern its cultural adaptation among different population groups. CI - (c) 2026 The Society of Chinese Scholars on Exercise Physiology and Fitness. Published by Elsevier B.V. FAU - Bao, Ran AU - Bao R AD - College of Physical Education, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China. FAU - Zhang, Yanjie AU - Zhang Y AD - School of Humanities and Social Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China. FAU - Ortega, Francisco B AU - Ortega FB AD - Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain. AD - CIBER de Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Granada, Spain. FAU - Drenowatz, Clemens AU - Drenowatz C AD - Division of Sport, Physical Activity and Health, University of Education Upper Austria, Austria. FAU - Zhang, Kai AU - Zhang K AD - Healthy Activity Living and Obesity (HALO) Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada. AD - School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada. FAU - Chen, Sitong AU - Chen S AD - The Shenzhen Humanities & Social Sciences Key Research Bases of the Center for Mental Health, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260728 PL - Singapore TA - J Exerc Sci Fit JT - Journal of exercise science and fitness JID - 101198241 PMC - PMC13594616 OTO - NOTNLM OT - IFIS OT - Meta-analysis OT - Reliability OT - Systematic review OT - Validity COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/23 11:50 MHDA- 2026/09/23 11:51 PMCR- 2026/07/28 CRDT- 2026/09/23 06:51 PHST- 2025/12/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/23 11:51 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/23 11:50 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/23 06:51 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1728-869X(26)00062-6 [pii] AID - 200501 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jesf.2026.200501 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Exerc Sci Fit. 2026 Oct;24(4):200501. doi: 10.1016/j.jesf.2026.200501. Epub 2026 Jul 28. PMID- 42774383 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260923 LR - 20260924 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Nutritional determinants, childhood morbidity patterns, and healthcare utilization among Chinese children: a population-based study. PG - 1909080 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1909080 [doi] LID - 1909080 AB - BACKGROUND: Childhood nutrition has a substantial impact on growth, disease susceptibility, and use of health care services. Malnutrition is a double burden in China, characterized by chronic undernutrition and childhood obesity. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to explore the relationships between nutrition determinants, childhood morbidity patterns and health care utilization in the Chinese population. METHODOLOGY: This retrospective, institution-based study analyzed routinely collected health records from 720 children aged 3-14 years who received care at a tertiary healthcare center in Nanchong, Sichuan, China, between 2021 and 2025. Nutritional status and dietary quality were determined by using the routine health records. Morbidity burden and service use were assessed using medical records for children. Independent predictors were identified by using multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS: 15.1% of participants were undernourished, and 20.3% were overweight or obese. The childhood morbidity burden was observed in 25.7% of children and was significantly higher in children who were undernourished and obese (p < 0.001). Known-groups validity testing showed that all 9 individual components of the dietary-quality score varied significantly and monotonically across derived tiers (Cochran-Armitage p < 0.001 for all), supporting the internal coherence of the measure. Poor dietary quality, as measured by this study-specific composite index, was an independent risk factor for a high burden of morbidity (Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.76, 95% CI: 1.89-4.05). High healthcare utilization was observed in 25.8% of participants. It was independently associated with high morbidity burden (AOR = 3.87, 95% CI: 2.71-5.54), undernutrition (AOR = 2.09, 95% CI: 1.37-3.20), obesity (AOR = 2.34, 95% CI: 1.40-3.89), poor dietary quality (AOR = 1.96, 95% CI: 1.32-2.92), low household income (AOR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.07-2.34), and grandparent caregiving (AOR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.01-2.11). CONCLUSION: Undernutrition and overweight/obesity, in addition to poor diet quality, are associated with higher morbidity rates and utilization of health services in children in China. The findings suggest that nutritional status and dietary quality are significantly associated with childhood morbidity burden and healthcare utilization. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Wang, Liao, Zhang, Zhao, Zhang and Huang. FAU - Wang, Pengli AU - Wang P AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Nanchong Hospital, Capital Medical University and Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical School of North Sichuan Medical University, Nanchong, Sichuan, China. FAU - Liao, Wenhua AU - Liao W AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Nanchong Hospital, Capital Medical University and Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical School of North Sichuan Medical University, Nanchong, Sichuan, China. FAU - Zhang, Li AU - Zhang L AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Nanchong Hospital, Capital Medical University and Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical School of North Sichuan Medical University, Nanchong, Sichuan, China. FAU - Zhao, Mingjia AU - Zhao M AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Nanchong Hospital, Capital Medical University and Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical School of North Sichuan Medical University, Nanchong, Sichuan, China. FAU - Zhang, Dong AU - Zhang D AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Nanchong Hospital, Capital Medical University and Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical School of North Sichuan Medical University, Nanchong, Sichuan, China. FAU - Huang, Nanxiang AU - Huang N AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Nanchong Hospital, Capital Medical University and Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical School of North Sichuan Medical University, Nanchong, Sichuan, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260908 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 RN - Chinese people SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - China/epidemiology MH - Child, Preschool MH - Child MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Male MH - *Patient Acceptance of Health Care/statistics & numerical data MH - Adolescent MH - *Nutritional Status MH - Morbidity MH - Malnutrition/epidemiology MH - *Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology MH - East Asian People PMC - PMC13593838 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Chinese children OT - childhood nutrition OT - dietary quality OT - healthcare utilization OT - malnutrition OT - morbidity burden COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/23 11:50 MHDA- 2026/09/23 11:51 PMCR- 2026/09/08 CRDT- 2026/09/23 06:13 PHST- 2026/06/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/23 11:51 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/23 11:50 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/23 06:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1909080 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2026 Sep 8;14:1909080. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1909080. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42773386 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260922 LR - 20260925 IS - 1554-3528 (Electronic) IS - 1554-351X (Print) IS - 1554-351X (Linking) VI - 58 IP - 11 DP - 2026 Sep 22 TI - Creating and validating photorealistic AI-generated facial expression stimuli for emotion research. LID - 10.3758/s13428-026-03156-0 [doi] LID - 296 AB - The development of AI-generated facial expression stimuli offers researchers unprecedented control over stimulus characteristics while maintaining photorealistic quality. However, rigorous validation methodologies are essential to ensure these stimuli function effectively in behavioral research. This paper presents a comprehensive three-study validation framework for AI-generated facial expression stimuli that systematically varied body weight and emotional expressions. Study 1 validated 72 stimuli across three emotions (happiness, sadness, neutrality) and three weight categories using both computational and human validation approaches. Study 2 extended this framework to include anger as a fourth emotion while controlling for individual facial features through same-character methodology. Study 2b further assessed valence, intensity, naturalness, authenticity, and non-focal emotion ratings of the same stimuli from Study 2. Across studies, the stimuli demonstrated successful emotion and weight manipulations, with AI-generated images achieving photorealistic quality that participants could not reliably distinguish from real photographs. Computational validation showed high intended-emotion likelihood in Py-Feat, while human validation confirmed appropriate perception of the target emotions, body weight, realism, age, and broader expression-quality dimensions. This dual validation approach-combining automated computational assessment with human behavioral validation-provides a robust framework for ensuring AI-generated stimuli meet research standards. The methodology offers significant advantages for behavioral research, enabling precise control over stimulus characteristics while maintaining ecological validity and addressing ethical considerations in stimulus development. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Hareli, Shlomo AU - Hareli S AD - The Laboratory for the Study of Social Perception of Emotions, School of Business Administration, The Herta & Paul Amir Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Haifa, 199 Aba Khoushy Ave., Mount Carmel, Israel. shareli@univ.haifa.ac.il. FAU - David, Shlomo AU - David S AD - The Laboratory for the Study of Social Perception of Emotions, School of Business Administration, The Herta & Paul Amir Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Haifa, 199 Aba Khoushy Ave., Mount Carmel, Israel. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260922 PL - United States TA - Behav Res Methods JT - Behavior research methods JID - 101244316 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Facial Expression MH - *Emotions/physiology MH - Female MH - Male MH - Adult MH - Young Adult MH - Generative Artificial Intelligence MH - *Photic Stimulation/methods MH - Adolescent MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Body Weight PMC - PMC13597571 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Artificial intelligence OT - Body weight OT - Emotion perception OT - Facial expressions OT - Stimulus validation COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of The Herta & Paul Amir Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Haifa (No. 381/24). Consent to participate: Informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to their participation. Consent for publication: All participants provided consent for their anonymized data to be used for research purposes. Conflicts of interest/Competing interests: The authors have no competing interests to declare. Open practices statement: All validation data, participant responses, generated stimulus datasets, and supplementary materials are openly available via OSF at: https://osf.io/mbg4j/?view_only=a0c0512fa2b04cc19c335cc2bd299017 . This includes complete raw datasets for all studies, data codebooks, all AI-generated stimuli, PyFeat and FaceShape analysis results, complete analysis reports, and supplementary materials. All computational code and workflows are openly available in the same OSF repository, including R Markdown files, Python scripts, ComfyUI workflow specifications (.json files), LoRA models (.safetensors files), and step-by-step instructions. AI assistance disclosure: During the preparation of this work, the authors used Claude AI to assist with developing the Py-Feat validation script and improving language. To ensure scientific accuracy, all AI-generated outputs were thoroughly reviewed by the authors. The authors take full responsibility for the content of the publication. EDAT- 2026/09/23 05:35 MHDA- 2026/09/23 05:36 PMCR- 2026/09/22 CRDT- 2026/09/22 23:34 PHST- 2025/08/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/23 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/23 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/22 23:34 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3758/s13428-026-03156-0 [pii] AID - 3156 [pii] AID - 10.3758/s13428-026-03156-0 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Behav Res Methods. 2026 Sep 22;58(11):296. doi: 10.3758/s13428-026-03156-0. PMID- 42773043 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260922 IS - 1578-1879 (Electronic) IS - 0214-9168 (Linking) DP - 2026 Sep 22 TI - Early-life atherogenesis: Mechanistic pathways, risk architecture, and clinical implications in pediatric populations. PG - 500964 LID - S0214-9168(26)00073-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.arteri.2026.500964 [doi] AB - Atherosclerosis is now recognized as a long-term biological process whose origins may be established early in life, well before the clinical expression of cardiovascular disease. The increasing prevalence of pediatric obesity, insulin resistance, sedentary behavior, and unhealthy dietary patterns has intensified interest in understanding how vascular risk is shaped from childhood onward. This narrative review examines early-life atherogenesis in pediatric populations from mechanistic, clinical, and preventive perspectives, with emphasis on cardiometabolic risk factors, endothelial dysfunction, vascular inflammation, and potential biomarkers of subclinical vascular injury. A narrative synthesis of current evidence was conducted to integrate mechanistic, clinical, and preventive aspects of pediatric atherogenesis, focusing on biological pathways, developmental determinants, lifestyle-related exposures, and emerging tools for early risk stratification. Sustained exposure to adverse cardiometabolic factors during childhood and adolescence may promote subclinical vascular alterations and establish risk trajectories that persist into adulthood. This process involves the interaction of atherogenic dyslipidemia, oxidative stress, chronic low-grade inflammation, immune activation, endothelial dysfunction, and vascular remodeling. Circulating biomarkers of endothelial activation and vascular inflammation may serve as early indicators of subclinical injury and provide complementary information for identifying children with increased cardiometabolic vulnerability. Genetic susceptibility, pubertal development, sex-related differences, socioeconomic conditions, and lifestyle-related factors further modulate the expression and severity of risk. Early identification of children with unfavorable cardiometabolic profiles requires the integration of conventional clinical assessment with biomarkers, derived lipid parameters, and complementary stratification tools that still require further pediatric validation. Understanding pediatric atherogenesis as an integrated process shaped by biology, development, and environment may help guide more timely strategies for prevention, follow-up, and intervention aimed at reducing future cardiovascular burden. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Sociedad Espanola de Arteriosclerosis. Publicado por Elsevier Espana, S.L.U. All rights reserved. FAU - de la Torre-Sosa, Citlaly Natali AU - de la Torre-Sosa CN AD - Departamento de Salud, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Unidad Villahermosa, Carretera a Reforma Km. 15.5 s/n, Rancheria Guineo 2da Seccion, CP 86280, Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico. FAU - Lopez-Marure, Rebeca AU - Lopez-Marure R AD - Departamento de Fisiologia (Biologia Celular), Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia "Ignacio Chavez", Tlalpan, CP 14080, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico. FAU - Ochoa-Diaz-Lopez, Hector AU - Ochoa-Diaz-Lopez H AD - Departamento de Salud, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Unidad San Cristobal, San Cristobal de las Casas, Chiapas, Mexico. FAU - Irecta-Najera, Cesar Antonio AU - Irecta-Najera CA AD - Departamento de Salud, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Unidad Villahermosa, Carretera a Reforma Km. 15.5 s/n, Rancheria Guineo 2da Seccion, CP 86280, Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico. Electronic address: cirecta@ecosur.mx. LA - eng LA - spa PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260922 PL - Spain TA - Clin Investig Arterioscler JT - Clinica e investigacion en arteriosclerosis : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Arteriosclerosis JID - 9208512 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Aterogenesis OT - Atherogenesis OT - Cardiovascular risk factors OT - Epidemiology OT - Epidemiologia OT - Factores de riesgo cardiovascular OT - Pediatric population OT - Poblacion pediatrica EDAT- 2026/09/22 23:33 MHDA- 2026/09/22 23:33 CRDT- 2026/09/22 21:57 PHST- 2026/06/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/22 23:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/22 23:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/22 21:57 [entrez] AID - S0214-9168(26)00073-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.arteri.2026.500964 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Clin Investig Arterioscler. 2026 Sep 22:500964. doi: 10.1016/j.arteri.2026.500964. PMID- 42772898 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260922 IS - 1468-3296 (Electronic) IS - 0040-6376 (Linking) DP - 2026 Sep 22 TI - Systematic misclassification of lung function in Indian adolescents using GLI-2012 reference equations: evidence from the multicity APEAL cohort. LID - thorax-2026-225309 [pii] LID - 10.1136/thorax-2026-225309 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Accurate spirometric interpretation depends on appropriate reference equations. The Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI-2012) equations are widely used internationally, but South Asian populations were sparsely represented in their derivation and their applicability in Indian adolescents remains uncertain. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from the multicity Air Pollution Exposure on Adolescents' Lungs cohort. Healthy, non-smoking school-going adolescents aged 11-14 years from Delhi, Mumbai, Bengaluru and Mysuru underwent spirometry using standardised American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society procedures. GLI-2012 z-scores for forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV(1)), forced vital capacity (FVC) and FEV(1)/FVC were calculated using the Asian reference category. Fit was assessed using mean z-scores and the proportion below the lower limit of normal (LLN; z<-1.645). RESULTS: Among 4175 adolescents (2148 males), mean z-scores were -2.44 (SD 1.27) for FEV(1), -1.34 (0.93) for FVC and -0.78 (1.11) for FEV(1)/FVC, all well outside the accepted +/-0.5 range for adequate fit. Overall, 74.6% were below the LLN for FEV(1), 36.8% for FVC and 19.3% for FEV(1)/FVC, compared with the expected 5% in a well-calibrated healthy population. The leftward shift in z-score distributions was consistent across sex, city, age, height and body mass index strata. CONCLUSION: GLI-2012 equations, as currently applied in the absence of South Asian-specific references, demonstrated substantial calibration mismatch relative to this cohort of Indian adolescents and risk major overclassification of low lung function. Population-specific validation and recalibration are needed before routine clinical or epidemiological use in this population. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ Group. FAU - Samdarshi, Priya AU - Samdarshi P AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-6396-0876 AD - Environmental Science and Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. FAU - Mahesh, Padukudru Anand AU - Mahesh PA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1632-5945 AD - Respiratory Medicine, JSS Medical College and Hospital, Mysore, Karnataka, India. FAU - Patil, Swapnali AU - Patil S AD - Environmental Science and Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. FAU - Mohan, Anant AU - Mohan A AD - Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi, India. FAU - D'Souza, George AU - D'Souza G AD - Department of Pulmonary Medicine, St John's Medical College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. FAU - Thimmulappa, Rajesh AU - Thimmulappa R AD - Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, Mysuru, Karnataka, India. FAU - Agrawal, Twinkle AU - Agrawal T AD - Department of Community Health, St John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. FAU - Biligere Siddaiah, Jayaraj AU - Biligere Siddaiah J AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine, JSS Medical College, Mysuru, Karnataka, India. FAU - Phuleria, Harish Chandra AU - Phuleria HC AD - Environmental Science and Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India phuleria@iitb.ac.in. AD - Centre for Climate Studies, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260922 PL - England TA - Thorax JT - Thorax JID - 0417353 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Forced Expiratory Volume OT - Respiratory Function Tests OT - Respiratory Infection OT - Respiratory Measurement COIS- Competing interests: None declared. EDAT- 2026/09/22 23:33 MHDA- 2026/09/22 23:33 CRDT- 2026/09/22 21:23 PHST- 2026/04/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/22 23:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/22 23:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/22 21:23 [entrez] AID - thorax-2026-225309 [pii] AID - 10.1136/thorax-2026-225309 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Thorax. 2026 Sep 22:thorax-2026-225309. doi: 10.1136/thorax-2026-225309. PMID- 42772725 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260922 IS - 1543-2920 (Electronic) IS - 0899-8493 (Linking) DP - 2026 Sep 22 TI - Test-Retest Reliability of In Vivo Structure and Mechanical Properties of the Achilles Tendon in Youth With Obesity. PG - 1-9 LID - 10.1123/pes.2025-0127 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: To assess the test-retest reliability of in vivo Achilles tendon (AT) structure and mechanical properties in youth with obesity. METHODS: Participants (11 males; 12 females; age: 12.00 [2.07] y; body mass index z score: 2.93 [0.59]) were assessed for AT (1) length, (2) cross-sectional area, (3) moment arm, (4) force, (5) deformation, (6) stress, (7) strain, (8) stiffness, (9) Young's modulus, (10) plantar flexor maximal isometric voluntary contraction, and (11) tibialis anterior co-activation. Reliability was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient, coefficient of variation, Bland-Altman, standard error of the measurement, and minimum detectable change. The intraclass correlation coefficient values were classified as excellent (>/=.90), good (>/=.75 to <.90), moderate (>.49 to <.75), and poor ( control beliefs [95% CI (0.1135, 0.2500)]. Perceived susceptibility and barriers were indirectly related to lower control beliefs, and this relationship did not operate through attitude. Subjective norm was associated with intention, fully mediated by control beliefs (Effect = 0.3505). Control beliefs showed the largest predictive effect size on intention in the present model (beta = 0.824, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Continuous post-injury exercise intention was associated with a stepwise path of attitude --> control beliefs --> intention. Perceived health benefits were associated with intention through this chain, while the pattern for perceived severity was consistent with fear-avoidance theory. Control beliefs connected internal values and social norms. The findings suggest that interventions may benefit from shifting from risk intimidation to benefit empowerment, and from reconstructing rehabilitation control through social support networks-though these candidate directions await experimental validation. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Hu and Chen. FAU - Hu, Xuanming AU - Hu X AD - School of Sports Science and Physical Education, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Chen, Peiyou AU - Chen P AD - School of Sports Science and Physical Education, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260907 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Intention MH - Theory of Planned Behavior MH - *Athletic Injuries/rehabilitation/psychology MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - Universities MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - *Health Belief Model MH - Self Efficacy MH - *Students/psychology/statistics & numerical data MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Adult MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13590716 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Health Belief Model OT - Theory of Planned Behavior OT - chained mediation model OT - control beliefs regarding exercise rehabilitation OT - university students COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/22 12:42 MHDA- 2026/09/22 12:43 PMCR- 2026/09/07 CRDT- 2026/09/22 05:43 PHST- 2026/05/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/22 12:43 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/22 12:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/22 05:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1894556 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2026 Sep 7;14:1894556. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1894556. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42768389 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260922 LR - 20260923 IS - 2050-2974 (Print) IS - 2050-2974 (Electronic) IS - 2050-2974 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Aug 11 TI - Validation of the Turkish parent-reported Diabetes Eating Problem Survey-Revised (DEPS-R) for screening disordered eating behaviors in adolescents with Type 1 diabetes. LID - 10.1186/s40337-026-01735-2 [doi] LID - 222 AB - BACKGROUND: Adolescents with Type 1 diabetes are at increased risk of eating disorders, which have been associated with suboptimal metabolic control and an increased risk of complications. Reliable and culturally adapted screening tools are essential for early identification. However, the parent-reported version of the Diabetes Eating Problem Survey-Revised (DEPS-R) has not yet been validated in Turkish; therefore, this study aimed to evaluate its validity and reliability in adolescents aged 10-17 years years with type 1 diabetes. METHODS: This methodological validation study included 96 adolescents (45 boys, 51 girls) aged 10-17 years with Type 1 diabetes and their parents. Linguistic and cultural adaptation procedures were conducted in accordance with standard cross-cultural validation guidelines. Parents completed the parent-reported DEPS-R and the Problem Areas in Diabetes-Parents of Teens (P-PAID-T). Adolescents completed the self-reported DEPS-R. Construct validity was assessed using correlation analyses. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed to evaluate structural validity. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha, and test-retest reliability was examined using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). RESULTS: The parent-reported DEPS-R demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.852; McDonald's omega = 0.851) and good test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.83), with a strong correlation between the two administrations (r = 0.89). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses supported a single-factor structure and demonstrated with acceptable model fit (chi(2)/df = 1.629; RMSEA = 0.080; CFI = 0.874; TLI = 0.848). Parent-reported DEPS-R scores were correlated with self-reported DEPS-R scores (r = 0.506, p < 0.001) and P-PAID-T scores (r = 0.458, p < 0.001), supporting construct validity. A positive correlation was also observed between duration of diabetes and DEPS-R scores (r = 0.223, p = 0.029). No significant associations were observed between DEPS-R scores and metabolic indicators, including HbA1c, ketoacidosis episodes, or diabetes-related hospital visits. CONCLUSION: The Turkish parent-reported DEPS-R is a valid and reliable instrument for screening disordered eating behaviors in adolescents with Type 1 diabetes. Its use in both clinical and research settings may facilitate early detection and improve understanding of the relationship between eating behaviors and metabolic outcomes in this high-risk population. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Arslan, Neslihan AU - Arslan N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1232-8009 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gulhane Faculty of Health Sciences, Saglik Bilimleri University, Ankara, Turkiye. akdeniz.neslihan91@gmail.com. FAU - Ayyildiz, Feride AU - Ayyildiz F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2828-3850 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkiye. FAU - Yassibas, Emine AU - Yassibas E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8784-3371 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkiye. FAU - Esin, Kubra AU - Esin K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2687-1811 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkiye. FAU - Bayramoglu, Elvan AU - Bayramoglu E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6732-8823 AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Turan, Hande AU - Turan H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0121-3756 AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Evliyaoglu, Olcay AU - Evliyaoglu O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4851-8637 AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Gunes Kaya, Didem AU - Gunes Kaya D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0791-916X AD - Department of Pediatrics, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260811 PL - England TA - J Eat Disord JT - Journal of eating disorders JID - 101610672 PMC - PMC13591920 OAB - Disordered eating has been reported to be more common among adolescents with type 1 diabetes than among their healthy peers. In this group, disordered eating may lead to poorer metabolic control and make diabetes management more difficult. However, questionnaires completed by adolescents may not always fully reflect actual behaviors, as young people may underreport certain behaviors or may not always be fully aware of them. For this reason, parent-reported assessments such as the parent reported Diabetes Eating Problem Survey-Revised (DEPS-R) may provide an additional and useful perspective for identifying eating-related problems in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. In this study, we evaluated a parent-reported version of the DEPS-R in Turkish families of adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Our findings suggest that this parent-reported version is a reliable tool for identifying possible eating-related problems. Using parent-reported assessments of disordered eating may help healthcare professionals recognize problems earlier and provide timely support for adolescents with type 1 diabetes and their families. OABL- eng OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescents OT - Diabetes Eating Problem Survey-Revised (DEPS-R) OT - Disordered eating OT - Parent report OT - Type 1 diabetes OT - Validation COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University Health and Sports Sciences Research Ethics Committee (Decision No: 01.09); date: 07.11.2025). Written informed consent was obtained from the parents of all participants, and adolescents provided assent before participating in the study. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/09/22 05:37 MHDA- 2026/09/22 05:38 PMCR- 2026/08/11 CRDT- 2026/09/22 00:40 PHST- 2026/03/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/22 05:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/22 05:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/22 00:40 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s40337-026-01735-2 [pii] AID - 1735 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s40337-026-01735-2 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Eat Disord. 2026 Aug 11;14(1):222. doi: 10.1186/s40337-026-01735-2. PMID- 42768369 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260922 LR - 20260923 IS - 2052-1847 (Print) IS - 2052-1847 (Electronic) IS - 2052-1847 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Aug 8 TI - Predicting movement intensity through anthro-fitness profiling and its association with match outcomes in youth badminton: a logistic regression-based machine approach. LID - 10.1186/s13102-026-01954-9 [doi] LID - 432 AB - OBJECTIVES: The fast-paced nature, coupled with the dynamic movement of badminton, renders movement intensity an essential indicator for success. In youth badminton, anthropometric attributes and fitness profile varies across players, yet little is known about the association of these indicators with competitive outcomes. In this study, we aim to classify movement intensity levels and examine the relationship between intensity classification and winning probability in youth badminton players. METHODS: A total of 67 youth badminton players (mean age = 14.13 +/- 1.67 years; badminton experience = 5.55 +/- 2.05 years) drawn from different badminton programs in Malaysia participated in the study. Inertial measurement units were used to capture movement intensity during match play, while anthropometric, physiological and fitness evaluations were completed. RESULTS: K-means clustering grouped players into high and low movement intensities (HMI; LMI), respectively. The logistic regression model yielded an excellent performance in classifying the HMI and LMI with 97% accuracy. Feature importance analysis identified 11 essential predictors comprising velocity, agility, reaction time, core muscle endurance, height and weight as the most influential variables in differentiating intensity levels. Match outcome analysis revealed that HMI players had a winning probability of 68.4%, compared to 60.4% for LMI players. CONCLUSION: The ability for players to sustain higher movement intensity during match play is non-trivial for ensuring success in youth badminton. The application of machine learning in athlete profiling could assist coaches in enhancing training design and workload monitoring, leading to long-term success in youth badminton. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Nazarudin, Mohamad Nizam AU - Nazarudin MN AD - Center for the Study of Education and Community Wellbeing, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, 43600, Malaysia. FAU - Musa, Rabiu Muazu AU - Musa RM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5332-1770 AD - Centre for Fundamental and Continuing Education, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, 21030, Malaysia. rabiumuazu86@gmail.com. FAU - Abdul Majeed, Anwar P P AU - Abdul Majeed APP AD - Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, No 5, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 47500, Malaysia. anwarmajeed1983@gmail.com. FAU - Raj, Naresh Bhaskar AU - Raj NB AD - Faculty of Health Science, School of Rehabilitation Science, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak Campus, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, 21300, Malaysia. FAU - Eswaramoorthi, Vijayamurugan AU - Eswaramoorthi V AD - Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak (Malaysia), NO 3, Jalan Greentown, Ipoh, Perak, 30450, Malaysia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260808 PL - England TA - BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil JT - BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation JID - 101605016 PMC - PMC13591931 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Anthropometric attributes OT - Machine learning OT - Movement intensity OT - Physical Fitness OT - Youth badminton COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Written informed consent was obtained from all participants and their legal guardians, and ethical approval was obtained from the university's Malaysia Terengganu Human Research Ethic Committee Review Board with an ethical endorsement letter (UMT/JKEPM/2023/164). Consent for publication: Not Applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/09/22 05:37 MHDA- 2026/09/22 05:38 PMCR- 2026/08/08 CRDT- 2026/09/22 00:36 PHST- 2026/03/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/22 05:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/22 05:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/22 00:36 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s13102-026-01954-9 [pii] AID - 1954 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s13102-026-01954-9 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2026 Aug 8;18(1):432. doi: 10.1186/s13102-026-01954-9. PMID- 42768347 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260922 LR - 20260924 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Sep 21 TI - A coherent family support model (Co-Fam) for preventing and treating childhood overweight and obesity: protocol for a randomized hybrid type 2 effectiveness-implementation trial. LID - 10.1186/s12889-026-29530-3 [doi] LID - 2636 AB - BACKGROUND: Swedish child healthcare involves school health services, primary healthcare, and pediatric clinics. Family-based programs addressing child diet, eating behavior, parental feeding practices and physical activity show promise for preventing and treating overweight in children 2-12 years, but organizational gaps hinder coherent implementation of interventions. The novel Co-Fam model integrates two complementary programs: the universal Healthy School Start (HSS) family support program, delivered in schools during grade 1, and the targeted 12 months More and Less (ML) parental support program, provided through primary healthcare to treat children 6-12 years with overweight and obesity. ML consists of ten group sessions with parents, followed by individual booster sessions. The dual primary aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the ML program on child bodyweight development and to assess implementation outcomes fidelity, acceptability, feasibility and cost-effectiveness of the Co-Fam model. METHODS: The setting for this study is a municipality in Region Stockholm with high cultural diversity and health needs, which has been running the HSS program since 2022. In this hybrid type 2 effectiveness-implementation study with two parallel arms, children aged 6-12 years with overweight or obesity will be randomized to either the ML program or standard care. Primary effectiveness outcomes are BMI z-score and %IOTF-25 measured at baseline, three and 12 months. Secondary outcomes are waist-to-height-ratio, parental feeding practices, child physical activity, diet and eating behavior. Primary implementation outcomes are fidelity to the ML program assessed at three and 12 months. Acceptability and feasibility of the Co-Fam model will be assessed three to 12 months after start, through semi-structured interviews with parents and providers. A health economic evaluation will be conducted using a cost-utility design. DISCUSSION: We hypothesize that ML will be more effective than standard care in reducing overweight and obesity in children. The integration of the HSS and ML programs in the Co-Fam model is expected to enhance collaboration between school and healthcare and ensure early identification of at-risk families. The dual focus on effectiveness and implementation will inform the scalability and sustainability of the Co-Fam model with implications for policy and practice in child obesity prevention and management. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The trial was registered at Clinicaltrials.gov, September 11-2025, ID: NCT07158944. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Berdman, Ida AU - Berdman I AD - Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavagen 1E, Stockholm, 113 65, Sweden. Ida.berdman@ki.se. FAU - Ek, Anna AU - Ek A AD - Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavagen 1E, Stockholm, 113 65, Sweden. AD - Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Nowicka, Paulina AU - Nowicka P AD - Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. AD - Department of Food Studies, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. FAU - Raposo, Sara AU - Raposo S AD - Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavagen 1E, Stockholm, 113 65, Sweden. AD - Centre for Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Kwak, Lydia AU - Kwak L AD - Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Brissman, Markus AU - Brissman M AD - Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Andermo, Susanne AU - Andermo S AD - Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. AD - Department of Physical Activity and Health, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Annerstedt, Kristi Sidney AU - Annerstedt KS AD - Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavagen 1E, Stockholm, 113 65, Sweden. FAU - Elinder, Liselotte Schafer AU - Elinder LS AD - Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavagen 1E, Stockholm, 113 65, Sweden. AD - Centre for Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT07158944 PT - Clinical Trial Protocol PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260921 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Sweden MH - *Pediatric Obesity/prevention & control/therapy MH - Family Support MH - Female MH - Male MH - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic MH - Cost-Benefit Analysis MH - *Overweight/prevention & control/therapy MH - *School Health Services/organization & administration MH - Program Evaluation MH - Parents/education PMC - PMC13591887 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Children OT - Family support OT - Obesity treatment OT - Parental support OT - Prevention OT - Randomized control trial COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was approved by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority November 18th, 2024, No 2024-06041-01, February 11th, 2025, No 2025-00531-02 and April 25th, 2025, No 2025-01385-01. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/09/22 05:37 MHDA- 2026/09/22 05:38 PMCR- 2026/09/21 CRDT- 2026/09/22 00:28 PHST- 2026/01/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/22 05:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/22 05:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/22 00:28 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-29530-3 [pii] AID - 29530 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-29530-3 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2026 Sep 21;26(1):2636. doi: 10.1186/s12889-026-29530-3. PMID- 42768234 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260922 LR - 20261008 IS - 1550-7416 (Electronic) IS - 1550-7416 (Linking) VI - 28 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Sep 21 TI - Immunogenicity Profile of Lonapegsomatropin During Long-Term Treatment in Children With Growth Hormone Deficiency. LID - 160 [pii] LID - 10.1208/s12248-026-01294-z [doi] AB - Monitoring and evaluation of immunogenicity is important for biological therapeutics due to the potential impact of antibodies on safety and efficacy. A comprehensive immunogenicity assessment was conducted to support clinical development of lonapegsomatropin, a prodrug of somatropin, administered once weekly. Lonapegsomatropin is approved in the United States for pediatric and adult growth hormone deficiency (GHD), and in other countries for pediatric GHD. Lonapegsomatropin consists of somatropin, an inert methoxy polyethylene glycol carrier (mPEG), and a proprietary TransCon((R)) linker that transiently binds somatropin to the carrier. Four dedicated immunoassays were developed, validated, and applied in a risk-based tiered approach to rigorously assess the immunogenicity of lonapegsomatropin in children with GHD. Samples collected from 298 children with GHD treated with lonapegsomatropin for up to six years were analyzed for anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) against lonapegsomatropin (intact prodrug), released somatropin, and mPEG. Treatment-emergent anti-lonapegsomatropin, anti-somatropin, and anti-mPEG binding antibodies were detected in 4.7%, 5.4%, and 0.7% of treated children, respectively. ADA responses were low titer, transiently detected, and primarily observed within the first year of treatment, and no neutralizing antibodies were detected. These findings support the long-term low immunogenicity of lonapegsomatropin in children with GHD, consistent with somatropin. Importantly, the multi-assay tiered strategy applied here was robust and reproducible, enabling sensitive detection of ADAs against the intact prodrug, mPEG, and released somatropin across trials, and demonstrated its clinical applicability for evaluating a complex long-acting growth hormone like lonapegsomatropin. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Mygind, Per Holse AU - Mygind PH AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-1043-8078 AD - Ascendis Pharma A/S, Tuborg Boulevard 12, 2900, Hellerup, Denmark. phm@ascendispharma.com. FAU - Weiser, Amiee AU - Weiser A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-3051-6901 AD - BioAgilytix Labs, Durham, North Carolina, USA. FAU - Furst, Camilla Melin AU - Furst CM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5487-4270 AD - Svar Life Science AB, Malmo, Sweden. FAU - Komirenko, Allison S AU - Komirenko AS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8844-2804 AD - Ascendis Pharma, LLC, Palo Alto, California, USA. FAU - Mao, Meng AU - Mao M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7745-5359 AD - Ascendis Pharma, LLC, Palo Alto, California, USA. FAU - Shu, Aimee D AU - Shu AD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1801-5289 AD - Ascendis Pharma, LLC, Palo Alto, California, USA. FAU - Breinholt, Vibeke Miller AU - Breinholt VM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2658-3315 AD - Ascendis Pharma A/S, Tuborg Boulevard 12, 2900, Hellerup, Denmark. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260921 PL - United States TA - AAPS J JT - The AAPS journal JID - 101223209 RN - 12629-01-5 (Human Growth Hormone) RN - 0 (Prodrugs) RN - 3WJQ0SDW1A (Polyethylene Glycols) RN - 0 (Antibodies) RN - OP35X9610Y (lonapegsomatropin) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Human Growth Hormone/deficiency/immunology/administration & dosage/therapeutic use MH - Child MH - Female MH - *Prodrugs/administration & dosage MH - Male MH - Polyethylene Glycols/chemistry MH - Adolescent MH - Antibodies/blood/immunology MH - *Growth Disorders/drug therapy MH - Immunoassay MH - Dwarfism, Pituitary/drug therapy OTO - NOTNLM OT - TransCon hGH OT - anti-drug antibodies OT - growth hormone OT - immunogenicity OT - lonapegsomatropin COIS- Declarations. Conflict of interest: PHM and VMB are employees of Ascendis Pharma A/S; AW is an employee of BioAgilytix Labs; CMF is an employee of Svar Life Science AB; ASK, MM, and ADS are employees of Ascendis Pharma, LLC. EDAT- 2026/09/22 05:37 MHDA- 2026/09/22 05:38 CRDT- 2026/09/22 00:10 PHST- 2026/02/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/22 05:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/22 05:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/22 00:10 [entrez] AID - 10.1208/s12248-026-01294-z [pii] AID - 10.1208/s12248-026-01294-z [doi] PST - epublish SO - AAPS J. 2026 Sep 21;28(6):160. doi: 10.1208/s12248-026-01294-z. PMID- 42767755 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260921 LR - 20260925 IS - 2044-6055 (Electronic) IS - 2044-6055 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep 21 TI - Pasteurised donor human milk for HIV-exposed infants in Saskatchewan, Canada: a feasibility trial protocol. PG - e120638 LID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2026-120638 [doi] LID - e120638 AB - INTRODUCTION: Pasteurised donor human milk (PDHM) provides nutritional and immunological benefits for vulnerable infants, yet its use remains largely restricted to neonatal intensive care units. The protective effects of PDHM are well established for preterm and very low birth weight infants, but little is known about its feasibility and acceptability for other populations, including HIV-exposed infants. In high-income countries, infant feeding guidelines historically prioritised exclusive formula feeding to eliminate HIV transmission through breast milk. More recently, guidance has incorporated harm-reduction strategies supporting breastfeeding under specific conditions and recognising PDHM as an option when maternal milk is unavailable. However, evidence on PDHM use for HIV-exposed infants outside hospital settings remains limited. This study explores caregiver acceptability and practical considerations related to providing PDHM in community settings. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This single-arm feasibility trial aims to recruit 10 caregivers of HIV-exposed infants through the Saskatchewan Health Authority Pediatric Infectious Disease unit. Eligible caregivers will be >/=15 years of age and residents of Saskatchewan. Participants will complete four home visits over the study period. Baseline home visits will occur when infants are approximately 2 months of age, during which frozen PDHM will be delivered to homes. PDHM will be used as a supplement to infant formula or breastfeeding. Caregivers will record PDHM usage and infant tolerance using structured tracking forms. Follow-up visits will occur every 2-3 weeks for PDHM delivery and bottle counts, with weekly check-ins for support. Clinical pilot data will include infant anthropometrics and serious illness events collected during study visits and abstracted from medical records. Descriptive analyses will summarise PDHM intake, tolerance and caregiver experiences. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethical approval was obtained from the University of Saskatchewan Biomedical Research Ethics Board (BIO 5307) and the Saskatchewan Health Authority. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT06955715. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ Group. FAU - Langen, Chloe AU - Langen C AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-7659-2298 AD - College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada. FAU - Blackburn, David AU - Blackburn D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7831-5913 AD - College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada. FAU - Purewal, Rupeena AU - Purewal R AD - College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada. FAU - Cochrane, Kelsey M AU - Cochrane KM AD - College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada Kelsey.Cochrane@usask.ca. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT06955715 PT - Clinical Trial Protocol PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260921 PL - England TA - BMJ Open JT - BMJ open JID - 101552874 SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Male MH - Breast Feeding MH - Caregivers MH - Feasibility Studies MH - *HIV Infections/transmission/prevention & control MH - *Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical/prevention & control MH - *Milk, Human MH - *Pasteurization MH - Saskatchewan MH - Clinical Trials as Topic PMC - PMC13599818 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Caregivers OT - HIV & AIDS OT - Health Equity OT - Paediatric infectious disease & immunisation OT - Public health COIS- Competing interests: None declared. EDAT- 2026/09/21 23:33 MHDA- 2026/09/21 23:34 PMCR- 2026/09/21 CRDT- 2026/09/21 20:54 PHST- 2026/09/21 23:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/21 23:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/21 20:54 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjopen-2026-120638 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2026-120638 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Open. 2026 Sep 21;16(9):e120638. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2026-120638. PMID- 42767740 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260921 LR - 20260925 IS - 2044-6055 (Electronic) IS - 2044-6055 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep 21 TI - Diagnostic accuracy of growth hormone stimulation tests for growth hormone deficiency following radiotherapy involving the hypothalamic-pituitary axis: protocol for a systematic review and planned meta-analysis. PG - e125247 LID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2026-125247 [doi] LID - e125247 AB - INTRODUCTION: Radiotherapy is part of the treatment for many intracranial tumours, head and neck cancers and haematological malignancies. In these cases, the hypothalamic-pituitary (HP) axis is often included within the radiation field and can be damaged as an organ at risk. As survival improves, an increasing number of patients are living with late endocrine complications, particularly growth hormone deficiency (GHD). Diagnosing GHD in this context is challenging, as much of the evidence supporting growth hormone (GH) stimulation tests comes from populations with fundamentally different disease mechanisms. We aim to conduct a systematic review, and meta-analysis where feasible, to assess the diagnostic accuracy of GH stimulation tests for diagnosing GHD in children, teenagers, young adults and adults who have received radiotherapy involving the HP axis. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Eligible studies will include patients exposed to radiotherapy involving the HP axis, who subsequently underwent GH stimulation testing for suspected GHD. Index tests will include commonly used stimulation tests such as the insulin tolerance test, glucagon stimulation test, arginine stimulation test, clonidine stimulation test, GH-releasing hormone-arginine stimulation test and macimorelin stimulation test. Reference standards will include clinical criteria (>/=2 additional pituitary hormone deficiencies) or alternative GH stimulation tests. Searches will be conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library and PubMed. Two independent reviewers will screen studies, collect data, evaluate risk of bias using Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 and assess reporting quality using the Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies criteria. Sensitivity and specificity will be extracted. Where studies are sufficiently comparable, results will be pooled using hierarchical bivariate and summary receiver operating characteristic models. Prespecified subgroup analyses will explore heterogeneity by age group, body mass index, ethnicity, radiotherapy dose and time since treatment. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethical approval is not required as this systematic review summarises published data only. We will share our findings through peer-reviewed publications, conference presentations and engagement with relevant clinical teams to improve diagnostic decision-making in our population of interest. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD420261415689. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ Group. FAU - Chen, Lillian Ruiheng AU - Chen LR AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-7983-1865 AD - Department of Endocrinology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK lillian.chen@nhs.net. FAU - Perry, Melissa Betty AU - Perry MB AD - Christie Patient Centred Research, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK. FAU - Salomon Estebanez, Maria AU - Salomon Estebanez M AD - Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester, UK. FAU - Livesey, Daniel AU - Livesey D AD - The Christie Institute for Cancer Education, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK. FAU - Martin, Glen Philip AU - Martin GP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3410-9472 AD - Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Science, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. FAU - Higham, Claire E AU - Higham CE AD - Department of Endocrinology, The Christie Hospital NHS Trust, Manchester, UK. AD - Division of Cancer Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. AD - Manchester Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), NIHR, Manchester, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260921 PL - England TA - BMJ Open JT - BMJ open JID - 101552874 RN - 12629-01-5 (Human Growth Hormone) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Systematic Reviews as Topic MH - *Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/radiation effects MH - Meta-Analysis as Topic MH - *Human Growth Hormone/deficiency MH - *Radiotherapy/adverse effects MH - Research Design PMC - PMC13599972 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cancer Survivors OT - Diabetes & endocrinology OT - Pituitary disorders OT - RADIOTHERAPY OT - Sensitivity and Specificity OT - Systematic Review COIS- Competing interests: None declared. EDAT- 2026/09/21 23:33 MHDA- 2026/09/21 23:34 PMCR- 2026/09/21 CRDT- 2026/09/21 20:54 PHST- 2026/09/21 23:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/21 23:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/21 20:54 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjopen-2026-125247 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2026-125247 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Open. 2026 Sep 21;16(9):e125247. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2026-125247. PMID- 42767496 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260924 IS - 2405-4577 (Electronic) IS - 2405-4577 (Linking) VI - 76 DP - 2026 Sep 22 TI - Total body potassium and body cell mass in adolescents with obesity. PG - 105128 LID - S2405-4577(26)02225-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.clnesp.2026.105128 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND & AIMS: Body composition abnormalities are associated with adverse health outcomes, but assessing them in adolescents with obesity is challenging because growth and obesity alter tissue hydration. This exploratory study (1) examined relationships between body cell mass (BCM), derived from hydration-independent total body potassium (TBK), and anthropometry, body composition, and muscle strength, and (2) evaluated agreement between measured and predicted TBK. METHODS: Twelve adolescents with obesity (median age: 12.8 years; 75% females; median BMI z-score 2.5) underwent TBK assessment using a whole-body potassium counter, alongside anthropometry, air-displacement plethysmography, bioelectrical impedance analysis, ultrasound, and handgrip strength assessments. RESULTS: BCM positively correlated with age, height, weight, fat-free mass, and handgrip strength (r = 0.70-0.90; p /= 2 COVID-19 vaccinations. Participants completed extensive questionnaires including PSQ. Healthcare workers (HCW) were categorized as HCW-healthy or HCW-plus (any chronic medical condition). PSQ total and domain scores (worries, tension, joy, demands) were compared to reference values. Multivariable logistic regression identified factors associated with cohort-specific high scores (mean + 1SD). RESULTS: HCW-healthy (N = 1998, mean age +/- SD: 38 +/- 12 years) reached higher mean total PSQ scores than historical healthy individuals (36 +/- 18 vs. 33 +/- 17, respectively, p<0.001), but lower scores (40 +/- 19, p < 0.001) than HCW-plus (N = 1717, 43 +/- 13 years). Female HCW-healthy perceived higher stress than males, especially at younger age. Participants with IBD (N = 161, 45 +/- 15 years) exhibited lower scores than historical IBD patients (38 +/- 19 vs. 43 +/- 17, p < 0.001); psychiatric patients (N = 100, 41 +/- 15 years) showed the highest scores (60 +/- 19). Among HCW, female gender, frequent consumption of ready-to-eat meals/foods, and living with children were associated with higher, whereas regular physical activity and healthy dietary habits with lower PSQ scores. CONCLUSION: Assuming representativeness of our cohort, these PSQ data could serve as updated benchmark for future research. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Adorjan, Kristina AU - Adorjan K AD - Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), LMU University Hospital, LMU Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Munich, Germany. AD - Center for International Health (CIH), LMU Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Munich, Germany. AD - University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (UPZ), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. FAU - Raffel, Jannis AU - Raffel J AD - Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital, LMU Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Munich, Germany. FAU - Zhelyazkova, Ana AU - Zhelyazkova A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8085-5003 AD - Institut fur Notfallmedizin und Medizinmanagement (INM), LMU Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Munich, Germany. FAU - Csollarova, Katarina AU - Csollarova K AD - Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, LMU University Hospital, LMU Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Munich, Germany. FAU - Jebrini, Tarek AU - Jebrini T AD - Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital, LMU Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Munich, Germany. FAU - Wratil, Paul R AU - Wratil PR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0942-0637 AD - Max von Pettenkofer Institute and Gene Center, Virology, National Reference Center for Retroviruses, LMU Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Munich, Germany. AD - German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany. FAU - Keppler, Oliver T AU - Keppler OT AD - Max von Pettenkofer Institute and Gene Center, Virology, National Reference Center for Retroviruses, LMU Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Munich, Germany. AD - German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany. FAU - Tuschen, Marina AU - Tuschen M AD - Department of Anaesthesiology, Laboratory of Translational Research Stress and Immunity,LMU University Hospital, LMU Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Munich, Germany. FAU - Koletzko, Leandra AU - Koletzko L AD - Department of Medicine II, LMU University Hospital, LMU Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Munich, Germany. FAU - Torok, Helga P AU - Torok HP AD - Department of Medicine II, LMU University Hospital, LMU Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Munich, Germany. FAU - Chouker, Alexander AU - Chouker A AD - Department of Anaesthesiology, Laboratory of Translational Research Stress and Immunity,LMU University Hospital, LMU Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Munich, Germany. FAU - Koletzko, Sibylle AU - Koletzko S AD - Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, LMU University Hospital, LMU Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Munich, Germany. Sibylle.Koletzko@med.uni-muenchen.de. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, School of Medicine Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland. Sibylle.Koletzko@med.uni-muenchen.de. FAU - Le Thi, Thu Giang AU - Le Thi TG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2504-9551 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, LMU University Hospital, LMU Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Munich, Germany. thu_giang.le_thi@med.uni-muenchen.de. AD - Stiftung Kindergesundheit, c/o Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Munich, Germany. thu_giang.le_thi@med.uni-muenchen.de. CN - Members of RisCoin Study Group LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260921 PL - Germany TA - Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci JT - European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience JID - 9103030 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Chronic conditions OT - Collaborative care OT - Prospective study OT - Risk factors OT - Stress COIS- Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors declare no competing interests. Informed consent statement: All the participants provided written informed consent prior to participation. Institutional review board statement: This study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of LMU Munich on September 21, 2021 (Project Number: 21-0839), with acceptance of amendments on February 22, 2022, and May 4, 2022. The data protection concept was approved by the LMU data protection officer on September 15, 2021, and the amendment for the second follow-up was approved on September 8, 2022. Clinical trial registration: "Risk factors for COVID-19 vaccine failure, "RisCoin", MainID: DRKS00026804, http://drks.de/search/en/trial/DRKS00026804 (Accessed on 18.07.2025). FIR - Osterman, A IR - Osterman A FIR - Badell Garcia, I IR - Badell Garcia I FIR - Huber, M IR - Huber M FIR - Wratil, P R IR - Wratil PR FIR - Adorjan, K IR - Adorjan K FIR - Gryaznova, A IR - Gryaznova A FIR - Jebrini, T IR - Jebrini T FIR - Kohl, P IR - Kohl P FIR - Jonge, S IR - Jonge S FIR - Neumeier, K IR - Neumeier K FIR - Koletzko, S IR - Koletzko S FIR - Koletzko, B IR - Koletzko B FIR - Kim-Helmuth, S IR - Kim-Helmuth S FIR - Hao, Y IR - Hao Y FIR - Horak, J IR - Horak J FIR - Le Thi, T G IR - Le Thi TG FIR - Puzek, B IR - Puzek B FIR - Schwerd, T IR - Schwerd T FIR - Torok, H P IR - Torok HP FIR - Koletzko, L IR - Koletzko L FIR - Breiteneicher, S IR - Breiteneicher S FIR - Csollarova, K IR - Csollarova K FIR - Chouker, A IR - Chouker A FIR - Tuschen, M IR - Tuschen M FIR - Biere, K IR - Biere K FIR - Wohrle, T IR - Wohrle T FIR - Matzel, S IR - Matzel S FIR - Horl, M IR - Horl M FIR - Moser, D IR - Moser D FIR - Hornung, V IR - Hornung V FIR - Rech, J IR - Rech J FIR - Ludwig, C IR - Ludwig C FIR - Hansbauer, L IR - Hansbauer L FIR - Zhelyazkova, A IR - Zhelyazkova A FIR - Klein, M IR - Klein M FIR - Volk, S IR - Volk S EDAT- 2026/09/21 17:47 MHDA- 2026/09/21 17:47 CRDT- 2026/09/21 11:04 PHST- 2026/03/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/21 17:47 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/21 17:47 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/21 11:04 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00406-026-02379-8 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00406-026-02379-8 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2026 Sep 21. doi: 10.1007/s00406-026-02379-8. PMID- 42765914 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260921 IS - 1558-9129 (Electronic) IS - 0161-1461 (Linking) DP - 2026 Sep 21 TI - Children's Rights to the Best Possible Care: Establishing Processes for Data Collection in Routine Care to Address Questions of Intervention Effectiveness for Children With Speech Sound Disorder. PG - 1-10 LID - 10.1044/2026_LSHSS-25-00202 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: The United Nations Convention of the Rights of the Child (CRC) recognizes that all children have a right to the best possible care, CRC Article 24 (health, water, food, environment). For children with speech sound disorder, this is vital in order to protect their rights to CRC Article 13 (sharing thoughts freely), CRC Article 19 (protection from violence), and CRC Article 28 (access to education). Determining what constitutes best possible care for this population is challenging because much evidence for intervention takes place outside of routine care. This review article provides an overview of Phase 1 of the Maximising the Impact of Speech and Language Therapy for Children with Speech Sound Disorder (MISLToe_SSD) program of research, which ultimately aims to establish a process for using data collected in routine care to investigate best possible care for children with speech sound disorder. The purpose of Phase 1 was to obtain consensus on a diagnostic pathway, a defined list of interventions, and a core outcome set. METHOD AND RESULTS: An umbrella review was carried out to provide information on existing evidence. Participatory workshops with speech and language therapists were used to determine the content of the diagnostic pathway, and a card sorting exercise was used to provide a list of interventions currently in use and agree on their definitions. Finally, the core outcome set was agreed through a Delphi process. Patient and public involvement activities were used throughout the program of work to ensure that the aims and activities were in line with the preferences of those with lived experience of speech sound disorder. CONCLUSIONS: Consensus was reached on the three core aims of agreeing a diagnostic protocol, a core outcome set, and a list of defined interventions. Phase 2 of MISLToe_SSD will establish the feasibility of implementing these within routine care, and Phase 3 will extend the work to multiple services, leading to the large data set required for future analyses. This work has been carried out in the United Kingdom, but work is underway to replicate this work in Brazil, Sweden, Portugal, and other countries and in other languages to establish an international diagnostic pathway, a defined list of interventions, and a core outcome set. FAU - Wren, Yvonne AU - Wren Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1575-453X AD - Bristol Speech & Language Therapy Research Unit, North Bristol NHS Trust, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom. AD - Cardiff School of Sport & Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Llandaff Campus, Wales, United Kingdom. AD - Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, United Kingdom. FAU - Burr, Sam AU - Burr S AD - Bristol Speech & Language Therapy Research Unit, North Bristol NHS Trust, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom. AD - Cardiff School of Sport & Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Llandaff Campus, Wales, United Kingdom. FAU - Cleland, Joanne AU - Cleland J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0660-1646 AD - Department of Psychological Sciences & Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland. FAU - Stringer, Helen AU - Stringer H AD - King George VI Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. FAU - Harding, Sam AU - Harding S AD - Bristol Speech & Language Therapy Research Unit, North Bristol NHS Trust, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom. AD - Department of Research & Development, North Bristol NHS Trust, United Kingdom. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260921 PL - United States TA - Lang Speech Hear Serv Sch JT - Language, speech, and hearing services in schools JID - 0323431 SB - IM EDAT- 2026/09/21 11:44 MHDA- 2026/09/21 11:44 CRDT- 2026/09/21 10:23 PHST- 2026/09/21 11:44 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/21 11:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/21 10:23 [entrez] AID - 10.1044/2026_LSHSS-25-00202 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Lang Speech Hear Serv Sch. 2026 Sep 21:1-10. doi: 10.1044/2026_LSHSS-25-00202. PMID- 42765528 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261014 IS - 1744-8379 (Electronic) IS - 1473-7167 (Print) IS - 1473-7167 (Linking) DP - 2026 Sep 22 TI - Obstetric pharmacoeconomics. PG - 1-16 LID - 10.1080/14737167.2026.2738026 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Pharmacoeconomic principles are increasingly shaping modern obstetric pharmacology as maternal therapeutics become more complex, costly, and precision-driven. Rising rates of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, gestational diabetes, obesity, maternal cardiovascular disease, and medically complicated pregnancies have intensified the need for cost-effective therapeutic strategies that optimize maternal and neonatal outcomes while minimizing unnecessary healthcare expenditure. AREAS COVERED: This review examines contemporary pharmacoeconomic concepts in obstetric pharmacology, including cost-effectiveness analysis, quality-adjusted life years, implementation science, and value-based maternal therapeutics. Major domains reviewed include antihypertensive therapy, aspirin prophylaxis, diabetes pharmacotherapy, antiretroviral therapy in pregnancy, anticoagulation, perinatal mental health, lactation, fetal therapeutics, pharmacogenomics, precision dosing, digital health integration, and emerging artificial intelligence applications in maternal fetal medicine. The review further explores linked maternal-child outcome modeling, implementation-sensitive economic evaluation, and the growing role of pharmacometrics and biomarker-guided therapeutics in precision pregnancy care. The review also proposes a life-course framework linking pregnancy therapeutics to inter-generational health, implementation outcomes, and sustainable maternal healthcare systems globally. EXPERT OPINION: Obstetric pharmacology is entering a precision-medicine era where therapeutic value will depend on biologic profiling, implementation feasibility, and long-term maternal-child outcomes. Future pharmacoeconomic frameworks should integrate precision therapeutics, biomarker-guided strategies, real-world effectiveness, and lifelong maternal cardiovascular risk reduction. FAU - Eke, Ahizechukwu C AU - Eke AC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0070-9840 AD - Division of Maternal Fetal-Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. AD - Masters in Business Administration (MBA Program in Healthcare Administration), Department of Business Administration, University of South Carolina, Aiken, CA, USA. FAU - Igbodike, Emeka P AU - Igbodike EP AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH), Lagos, Nigeria. LA - eng GR - DP1 HD115433/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 HL182418/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260922 PL - England TA - Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res JT - Expert review of pharmacoeconomics & outcomes research JID - 101132257 SB - IM PMC - PMC13657845 MID - NIHMS2212086 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Pharmacoeconomics OT - cost-effectiveness OT - drug safety OT - implementation science OT - maternal-fetal medicine OT - obstetric pharmacology OT - precision medicine OT - pregnancy COIS- Declaration of interests The authors have no relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties. The authors declare that OpenAI ChatGPT (GPT-5.6 Sol) was used solely to assist with editing the presentation of our original figures. Generative AI was not used to write or edit the manuscript or to generate the figures. The authors independently reviewed and verified all AI-assisted figure edits and take full responsibility for the final content. All use of generative AI was conducted in accordance with Taylor & Francis' policy on the responsible use of generative AI. EDAT- 2026/09/21 11:44 MHDA- 2026/09/21 11:44 PMCR- 2026/10/13 CRDT- 2026/09/21 07:14 PHST- 2026/09/21 11:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/21 11:44 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/21 07:14 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1080/14737167.2026.2738026 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res. 2026 Sep 22:1-16. doi: 10.1080/14737167.2026.2738026. PMID- 42764707 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260921 LR - 20260923 IS - 1520-6300 (Electronic) IS - 1042-0533 (Print) IS - 1042-0533 (Linking) VI - 38 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Sleep Duration and Sun Exposure in Portuguese Children: Associations With Obesity Indicators. PG - e70333 LID - 10.1002/ajhb.70333 [doi] LID - e70333 AB - INTRODUCTION: Sleep duration, sun exposure, and obesity are important and potentially interconnected factors in child health. In this study, we aimed to analyze the associations between sleep duration, sun exposure, and obesity indicators in Portuguese children. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 4755 children aged 3-10 years from public and private schools across Portugal. Parents reported children's sleep duration, sun exposure, screen time, active play, and physical activity using validated questionnaires. Trained professionals measured weight and height to calculate Body Mass Index (BMI) and assessed skinfold thickness to estimate body fat percentage (%BF). Multiple linear regression analyses, stratified by sex and adjusted for demographic, behavioral, and anthropometric factors, analyzed associations between sun exposure and sleep duration. RESULTS: In partially adjusted models (Model 1), negative associations persisted among boys, and positive associations emerged in girls for average sleep duration (beta = 2.11; 95% CI: 0.25 to 3.96; p = 0.026) and weekdays (beta = 2.40; 95% CI: 0.47 to 4.33; p = 0.015). In fully adjusted models (Model 2), the negative association remained only for boys on Sundays (beta = -4.57; 95% CI: -8.22 to -0.91; p = 0.014), with no significant associations in girls. CONCLUSIONS: Sun exposure exhibits modest, sex-specific associations with sleep duration in children. These findings emphasize the importance of considering behavioral and environmental factors when designing interventions to promote healthy sleep, support growth, and prevent childhood obesity. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). American Journal of Human Biology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Dos Santos, Elizabete A AU - Dos Santos EA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9201-4095 AD - Research Centre for Anthropology and Health, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. AD - Department of Nutrition, Paulista School of Medicine (EPM) of the Federal University of Sao Paulo (Unifesp), Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Machado-Rodrigues, Aristides AU - Machado-Rodrigues A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7169-8034 AD - Research Centre for Anthropology and Health, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. AD - Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. FAU - Rodrigues, Daniela AU - Rodrigues D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4559-4303 AD - Research Centre for Anthropology and Health, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. FAU - Silva, Maria-Raquel G AU - Silva MG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8170-3119 AD - Research Centre for Anthropology and Health, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. AD - FP-I3ID, FP-BHS, CEBIMED and Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal. AD - Comprehensive Health Research Centre, Nova Medical School, Nova University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal. FAU - Nogueira, Helena AU - Nogueira H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5724-3538 AD - Research Centre for Anthropology and Health, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. AD - Department of Geography and Tourism, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. FAU - Padez, Cristina AU - Padez C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1967-3497 AD - Research Centre for Anthropology and Health, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. LA - eng GR - PTDC/DTP-SAP/1520/2014/Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia/ GR - COMPETE 2020, Portugal 2020, FEDER, and FCT/ PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Am J Hum Biol JT - American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council JID - 8915029 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Portugal/epidemiology MH - *Sleep Duration MH - Male MH - Child MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Sunlight MH - *Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology/etiology MH - *Sleep PMC - PMC13591200 OTO - NOTNLM OT - childhood obesity OT - children OT - pediatric public health OT - sleep duration OT - sun exposure COIS- The authors used ChatGPT (OpenAI) solely to assist with English-language editing and grammatical review. The tool was not used for data collection, data analysis, statistical procedures, interpretation of the findings, or generation of scientific conclusions. All AI-assisted revisions were critically reviewed and verified by the authors to ensure their accuracy, integrity, and consistency with the original scientific content. The authors take full responsibility for the final content of the manuscript. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/21 05:34 MHDA- 2026/09/21 05:35 PMCR- 2026/09/21 CRDT- 2026/09/21 03:03 PHST- 2026/08/31 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/21 05:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/21 05:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/21 03:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - AJHB70333 [pii] AID - 10.1002/ajhb.70333 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Am J Hum Biol. 2026 Sep;38(9):e70333. doi: 10.1002/ajhb.70333. PMID- 42764592 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260921 LR - 20260921 IS - 1520-6300 (Electronic) IS - 1042-0533 (Linking) VI - 38 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Comparison of External Measurement Methods of the 2D:4D Digit Ratio. PG - e70337 LID - 10.1002/ajhb.70337 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: External methods for measuring digit length differ in the hand surface and anatomical landmarks used, but the comparability of resulting 2D:4D ratios is unclear. This study compared 2D:4D ratios obtained using four external measurement methods and evaluated between-method differences, correlations, and reliability. METHODS: Digit lengths were measured in 231 Turkish university students (103 males, 128 females). Measurements were obtained directly with calipers from the dorsal and ventral surfaces and indirectly from photocopies and photographs. The 2D:4D ratio was calculated as second-digit length divided by fourth-digit length. Right and left hands were analyzed separately for effects of measurement method, sex, and hand side. RESULTS: Males had lower 2D:4D ratios than females for all methods and hand sides except direct dorsal measurement of the left hand. Mean ratios were lowest with direct dorsal measurement and highest with direct ventral measurement. Differences among methods were significant for both hands (p < 0.001). Between-method correlations ranged from r = 0.529-0.771 for the right hand and r = 0.440-0.776 for the left hand (all p < 0.001). Intraobserver and interobserver reliability in the pilot sample was high (ICC = 0.85-0.95). CONCLUSIONS: The 2D:4D ratio varies systematically according to the external measurement method used. Measurement protocols should therefore be reported explicitly, and absolute 2D:4D values obtained using different methods should be compared cautiously. These findings highlight the importance of standardizing measurement methods in 2D:4D research and suggest that the detection of sex differences may vary according to both the measurement method and hand side. CI - (c) 2026 Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Collu, Ilknur AU - Collu I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1605-6327 AD - Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkiye. FAU - Malas, Mehmet Ali AU - Malas MA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1451-0672 AD - Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkiye. LA - eng GR - 2025-TDU-TIPF-0002/Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Izmir Katip Celebi University/ PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Am J Hum Biol JT - American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council JID - 8915029 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Fingers/anatomy & histology MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - *Anthropometry/methods MH - Young Adult MH - Turkey MH - *Digit Ratios MH - Adult MH - Adolescent OTO - NOTNLM OT - 2D:4D OT - digit ratio OT - direct measurement OT - dorsal surface OT - indirect measurement OT - measurement method OT - ventral surface EDAT- 2026/09/21 05:34 MHDA- 2026/09/21 05:35 CRDT- 2026/09/21 02:24 PHST- 2026/09/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/21 05:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/21 05:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/21 02:24 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/ajhb.70337 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Am J Hum Biol. 2026 Sep;38(9):e70337. doi: 10.1002/ajhb.70337. PMID- 42764170 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260920 IS - 2154-1671 (Electronic) IS - 2154-1671 (Linking) DP - 2026 Sep 21 TI - Clinical Prediction With Time-Varying Predictors in Pediatric Hospital Medicine. LID - e2026009395 [pii] LID - 10.1542/hpeds.2026-009395 [doi] AB - Clinical prediction models traditionally rely on measurements obtained at a single time point to estimate risk and guide management. However, the clinical status of hospitalized children often evolves during admission, and time-varying measurements obtained over the course of hospitalization may provide more accurate, dynamic estimates of risk that better reflect clinical trajectories. Time-varying prediction models are therefore an increasingly important methodological opportunity for pediatric hospitalists seeking to leverage patient-specific longitudinal data in clinical practice. In this article, we review the development of clinical prediction models using time-varying predictors in pediatric hospital medicine, including appropriate clinical settings and data recording, data structuring, analytic approaches, and advantages and limitations. We illustrate these principles using a published example of a time-varying model developed to predict in-hospital mortality among severely malnourished children, highlighting how incorporating daily clinical signs improved predictive accuracy compared with a single time point model using admission data alone. CI - Copyright (c) 2027 by the American Academy of Pediatrics. FAU - Fung, Alastair AU - Fung A AD - Division of Paediatric Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Beyene, Joseph AU - Beyene J AD - Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. FAU - D'Arienzo, David AU - D'Arienzo D AD - Department of Pediatrics, The Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. FAU - Mediratta, Rishi P AU - Mediratta RP AD - Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260921 PL - United States TA - Hosp Pediatr JT - Hospital pediatrics JID - 101585349 SB - IM EDAT- 2026/09/20 23:34 MHDA- 2026/09/20 23:34 CRDT- 2026/09/20 20:14 PHST- 2026/03/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/20 23:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/20 23:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/20 20:14 [entrez] AID - 209479 [pii] AID - 10.1542/hpeds.2026-009395 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Hosp Pediatr. 2026 Sep 21:e2026009395. doi: 10.1542/hpeds.2026-009395. PMID- 42763700 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260920 LR - 20260921 IS - 1726-9148 (Electronic) IS - 1726-913X (Print) IS - 1726-913X (Linking) VI - 24 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Apr 30 TI - Subclinical Diastolic Indices in Children with Type 1 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Comparative Study from Northern Iran. PG - e164686 LID - 10.5812/ijem-164686 [doi] LID - e164686 AB - BACKGROUND: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T(1)DM) is common and can cause cardiac complications. Subclinical myocardial involvement, particularly impaired diastolic function, is a concern in pediatric patients with T(1)DM. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to assess cardiac function, with a particular focus on diastolic indices, in children with T(1)DM. METHODS: In this cross-sectional comparative study, children aged 6 - 12 years were divided into two groups: a case group with T(1)DM and a control group of healthy children. Participants were recruited in 2023 from the Endocrinology Clinic at Amirkola Children's Hospital, Babol, Iran. All children underwent clinical evaluation, pubertal status assessment using the Marshall-Tanner criteria, electrocardiography, and echocardiography. RESULTS: A total of 150 children were included, comprising 50 children with T(1)DM and 100 controls. Overall, 52% of the participants were boys, and the mean age was 9.28 +/- 1.85 years. Late diastolic tissue velocity (A') was significantly higher in the T(1)DM group (P = 0.02), suggesting subclinical diastolic impairment. However, most other cardiac parameters, including all systolic indices, ejection fraction, fractional shortening, and electrocardiographic findings, were comparable between the groups (all P > 0.4). The T(1)DM group also had higher mean weight, height, body mass index, and body mass index percentiles (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Children with T(1)DM exhibited subtle diastolic dysfunction, reflected by elevated A', whereas systolic function and other cardiac parameters were comparable with those in controls. Given the cross-sectional design, limited sample size, and potential confounding by body mass index and selection bias, these findings should be interpreted cautiously. The standardized single-center methodology supports internal validity; however, multicenter longitudinal studies with larger, z-score-adjusted samples are needed to confirm these results and clarify their clinical implications. CI - Copyright (c) 2026, Rezvani et al. FAU - Rezvani, Atoosa AU - Rezvani A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-8083-2203 AD - Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. FAU - Mirzaei Ilali, Hamidreza AU - Mirzaei Ilali H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5238-2811 AD - Clinical Research Development Unit of Amirkola Children's Hospital, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. FAU - Ebrahimzade, Hadis AU - Ebrahimzade H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0649-7268 AD - Clinical Research Development Unit of Amirkola Children's Hospital, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. FAU - Gholinia Ahangar, Hemmat AU - Gholinia Ahangar H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0517-2429 AD - Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. FAU - Aghajanpour, Faeze AU - Aghajanpour F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1698-6906 AD - Non-Communicable Pediatric Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. FAU - Alijanpour, Morteza AU - Alijanpour M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0031-4718 AD - Non-Communicable Pediatric Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260424 PL - Netherlands TA - Int J Endocrinol Metab JT - International journal of endocrinology and metabolism JID - 101235597 PMC - PMC13589466 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cardiovascular Disease OT - Child OT - Echocardiography OT - Iran OT - Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus COIS- There was no conflict of interest EDAT- 2026/09/20 05:43 MHDA- 2026/09/20 05:44 PMCR- 2026/04/24 CRDT- 2026/09/20 03:59 PHST- 2025/07/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/20 05:44 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/20 05:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/20 03:59 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.5812/ijem-164686 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Endocrinol Metab. 2026 Apr 24;24(2):e164686. doi: 10.5812/ijem-164686. eCollection 2026 Apr 30. PMID- 42763449 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260920 LR - 20260921 IS - 2732-5121 (Electronic) IS - 2732-5121 (Linking) VI - 5 DP - 2025 TI - Moderate and vigorous physical activity show intensity specific familial and interpersonal association patterns in 9-12-year-olds: A cross-sectional DE-PASS study. PG - 331 LID - 10.12688/openreseurope.21538.4 [doi] LID - 331 AB - BACKGROUND: Research on children's physical activity often examines interpersonal associations but commonly aggregates MPA and VPA into a single MVPA outcome. This approach may obscure intensity-specific association patterns, particularly in intergenerational analyses. METHODS: This cross-sectional study used harmonized data from the European DE-PASS project, including children aged 9-12 years and one of their parents. Waist-worn accelerometry was used to assess MPA and VPA. Perceived parental, peer, and teacher support were measured using validated questionnaires. Intensity-specific associations between parent and child physical activity and between interpersonal support variables and children's activity were examined, including sex-stratified and socioeconomic sensitivity analyses. RESULTS: Parent-child associations differed by activity intensity. Parent-child resemblance was numerically larger for MPA than for VPA, although the difference between intensities was not statistically significant when formally compared; associations involving VPA were weaker and less consistent. Parental co-participation support showed a weak positive association (which did not survive correction for multiple testing) with children's MPA, whereas peer and teacher support showed limited or no associations with children's activity at either intensity. Sex-stratified analyses indicated similar MPA associations across boys and girls, while associations for VPA were not observed among girls. Aggregating MPA and VPA into MVPA may obscure these intensity-specific patterns. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that interpersonal associations with children's physical activity differ by intensity and support examining MPA and VPA as intensity-specific outcomes in intergenerational analyses. Family-based approaches focusing on MPA may represent a pausible direction for future longitudinal and intervention research, while different strategies may be needed to address VPA. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Ferreira F et al. FAU - Ferreira, Flavio AU - Ferreira F AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-0336-5561 AD - Lusofona University of Humanities and Technologies Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal. FAU - Dowd, Kieran AU - Dowd K AD - Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technological University of the Shannon Midlands Midwest Faculty of Science and Health, Athlone, County Westmeath, Ireland. FAU - Coffey, Alan AU - Coffey A AD - Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technological University of the Shannon Midlands Midwest Faculty of Science and Health, Athlone, County Westmeath, Ireland. FAU - Cardon, Greet AU - Cardon G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4983-6557 AD - Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent, Flanders, Belgium. FAU - Iliano, Evelien AU - Iliano E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8858-8333 AD - Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent, Flanders, Belgium. FAU - Dygryn, Jan AU - Dygryn J AD - Palacky University Olomouc Faculty of Physical Culture, Olomouc, Olomouc Region, Czech Republic. FAU - Pelclova, Jana AU - Pelclova J AD - Palacky University Olomouc Faculty of Physical Culture, Olomouc, Olomouc Region, Czech Republic. FAU - Labisa Palmeira, Antonio AU - Labisa Palmeira A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6508-0599 AD - Lusofona University of Humanities and Technologies Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal. AD - Lusofona University of Humanities and Technologies Research Center on Sports Physical Education Exercise and Health, Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal. AD - University of Porto Research Centre for Training Innovation and Intervention in Sport, Porto, Porto District, Portugal. FAU - de Geus, Eco J C AU - de Geus EJC AD - Department of Biological Psychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260902 PL - Belgium TA - Open Res Eur JT - Open research Europe JID - 9918230081006676 PMC - PMC13586601 OAB - This study looked at how parents, friends, and teachers might influence how active children aged 9 to 12 are in their daily lives. Physical activity is very important for children's growth and health. Doctors and health organizations recommend at least an hour of activity each day, yet most children around the world are not reaching this level. Being active helps children control their weight, strengthen their bones and muscles, and reduce the risk of health problems later in life. Researchers in Belgium, Czechia, and Ireland asked 181 families to take part. Both children and their parents wore activity trackers for eight days to measure how much moderate activity (like walking or playing outside) and vigorous activity (like running or sports) they did. Children also filled in questionnaires about how much support children felt from parents, friends, and teachers. The results showed that children were more active when their parents were active, especially for moderate activities. For example, if parents often walked or cycled, children were more likely to do the same. Vigorous activity, such as sports, showed weaker links to parents' behaviour and was only slightly connected to friends' encouragement. Teacher support was not found to make a difference in this study. These findings suggest that the best way to help children be more active is through family involvement, especially when parents take part in activities with their children. Friends' influence may become more important as children get older, but for this age group, parents are the strongest role models. This knowledge can help shape programs that aim to get children moving more often and more effectively. OABL- eng OTO - NOTNLM OT - Accelerometry; Physical activity intensity; Interpersonal Support; Parental modelling COIS- No competing interests were disclosed. EDAT- 2026/09/20 05:43 MHDA- 2026/09/20 05:44 PMCR- 2026/09/02 CRDT- 2026/09/20 03:45 PHST- 2026/07/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/20 05:44 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/20 05:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/20 03:45 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.12688/openreseurope.21538.4 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Open Res Eur. 2026 Sep 2;5:331. doi: 10.12688/openreseurope.21538.4. eCollection 2025. PMID- 42763398 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260919 LR - 20260923 IS - 1471-2431 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2431 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Sep 11 TI - Evaluating the therapeutic efficacy of a modified ketogenic diet in children with autism spectrum disorder: a randomized controlled trial. LID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07708-3 [doi] LID - 893 AB - BACKGROUND: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder marked by persistent impairments in social communication and interaction, together with restricted and repetitive behavior or interests. Recent epidemiological data indicate that the prevalence of ASD has continued to increase worldwide. Current behavioral and pharmacological interventions remain limited in efficacy, particularly for associated comorbidities. In this context, metabolic interventions, especially the ketogenic diet (KD), have attracted growing interest as a potential therapeutic strategy. METHODS: A total of 62 young children with ASD admitted to Hefei Maternal and Child Health Hospital between January 2024 and January 2025 were prospectively enrolled and randomly assigned to a treatment group or a control group (31 per group). Both groups underwent hospital-based rehabilitation training on weekdays and home-based rehabilitation on weekends over a 2-month period. The treatment group additionally received a modified KD, comprising ketogenic nutritional powder and a structured dietary plan, with lunch provided at the hospital on training days while breakfast, dinner, weekend dietary implementation, and home monitoring were managed by caregivers. The control group followed a regular diet along with the same rehabilitation program. Changes in ASD-related symptoms were assessed using the Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC) and Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS). RESULTS: After two months of intervention, both groups showed significant reductions in ABC and CARS scores compared with baseline (P < 0.05). Between-group comparison of individual change scores showed larger reductions in the treatment group for both ABC (U = 324.000, P = 0.027) and CARS (U = 273.500, P = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS: In this cohort of young children with ASD, the modified ketogenic diet combined with rehabilitation training was associated with greater short-term reductions in ABC and CARS scores than rehabilitation alone. The intervention demonstrated acceptable short-term feasibility. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The Project was registered on China Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR) with the identifier ChiCTR2300075057 ,Registered 24 August 2023, https://www.chictr.org.cn/ . CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Liu, Le AU - Liu L AD - Child Neurological Rehabilitation Center, Hefei Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Hefei, China. FAU - Zhao, Qingsong AU - Zhao Q AD - Anhui Medical University Clinic Medical College, Hefei, China. FAU - Zhou, Jing AU - Zhou J AD - Child Neurological Rehabilitation Center, Hefei Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Hefei, China. FAU - Liu, Zhi AU - Liu Z AD - Shenzhen Zeneca Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, China. FAU - Wu, De AU - Wu D AD - Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Center, Pediatric Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China. FAU - He, Kaiyin AU - He K AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-2082-9762 AD - Child Neurological Rehabilitation Center, Hefei Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Hefei, China. hekaiyin@126.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20260911 PL - England TA - BMC Pediatr JT - BMC pediatrics JID - 100967804 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Diet, Ketogenic/methods MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Autism Spectrum Disorder/diet therapy MH - Child, Preschool MH - Treatment Outcome MH - Prospective Studies PMC - PMC13589367 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Autism spectrum disorder OT - Childhood autism rating scale OT - Ketogenic diet OT - Treatment COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was conducted in strict compliance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from all participating children's legal guardians prior to their inclusion in the research. The study protocol received formal approval from the Institutional Review Board of Hefei Maternal and Child Health Hospital (Ethical Approval No.: YYLL2022-07-01-01) following rigorous ethical review procedures. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/09/20 05:43 MHDA- 2026/09/20 05:44 PMCR- 2026/09/11 CRDT- 2026/09/19 23:25 PHST- 2026/06/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/20 05:44 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/20 05:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/19 23:25 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07708-3 [pii] AID - 7708 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07708-3 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pediatr. 2026 Sep 11;26(1):893. doi: 10.1186/s12887-026-07708-3. PMID- 42763108 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260919 LR - 20260925 IS - 2399-9772 (Electronic) IS - 2399-9772 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Sep 19 TI - Happiness Toolkit in a paediatric outpatient setting for children with social, emotional, behavioural and/or mental health difficulties: a prospective cohort study. LID - 10.1136/bmjpo-2026-005011 [doi] LID - e005011 AB - OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility, acceptability and clinical outcomes of the Happiness Toolkit (HTK), a structured, low-intensity, family-delivered intervention for children aged 0-16 years screening positive for social, emotional, behavioural and/or mental health difficulties (SEMHD) in a paediatric outpatient setting. DESIGN: Single-site prospective cohort study; validated age-specific baseline screening, parent-reported outcomes at 6 weeks and 6 months. SETTING: General paediatric outpatient department, secondary hospital, Ireland. PARTICIPANTS: Consecutive paediatric outpatient attendees screening positive for SEMHD on the Ages and Stages Questionnaires: Social-Emotional, Second Edition (under 6 years) or Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders questionnaire (6-16 years) were enrolled for intervention. INTERVENTIONS: The HTK comprises six evidence-based components practised for 5 minutes morning and evening, introduced during routine outpatient consultation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary: consent rate, positive screen rate and 6-week response rate (feasibility); parental willingness to recommend (acceptability). Secondary: parent-reported functional changes at 6 weeks and 6 months, component uptake and adverse events. RESULTS: 240 of 277 families approached across 16 outpatient clinics consented (86.6%); 94 children screened positive for SEMHD (39.2%) and received the HTK. At 6-week follow-up (n=46; 48.9% response rate), 95.2% of parents reported a positive or very positive experience, 73.9% noted improved mood in their child, 43.5% reduced screen time and 37.0% improved sleep patterns. 97.8% would recommend, with no adverse events. At 6-month follow-up (n=13; 13.8% response rate), 61.5% reported sustained child mood improvement and 92.3% would still recommend. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates strong feasibility and high parental acceptability for the HTK when embedded in routine paediatric outpatient care. Parent-reported improvements at 6 weeks and no adverse events at both time points support progression to a controlled evaluation. In Ireland, 4462 children await Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services and over 28 000 await primary care psychology; the HTK represents a promising, pragmatic early and bridging support for emerging SEMHD. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ Group. FAU - Eustace, Kate AU - Eustace K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1537-9805 AD - Paediatrics, Midland Regional Hospital Mullingar, Mullingar, Ireland kateeustace1@gmail.com. FAU - McCrory, Sarah Alexandra AU - McCrory SA AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-8525-4567 AD - Paediatrics, Midland Regional Hospital Mullingar, Mullingar, Ireland. FAU - Sharif, Farhana AU - Sharif F AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-0051-8953 AD - Paediatrics, Midland Regional Hospital Mullingar, Mullingar, Ireland. AD - Paediatrics, RCSI, Dublin, Ireland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260919 PL - England TA - BMJ Paediatr Open JT - BMJ paediatrics open JID - 101715309 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Female MH - Male MH - Prospective Studies MH - Child, Preschool MH - Adolescent MH - Feasibility Studies MH - *Mental Disorders/therapy/diagnosis MH - Infant MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Parents/psychology MH - Ireland MH - *Child Behavior Disorders/therapy/diagnosis MH - *Happiness MH - Infant, Newborn PMC - PMC13599945 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent Health OT - Child Health OT - Child Psychiatry OT - Psychology OT - Qualitative research EDAT- 2026/09/19 23:52 MHDA- 2026/09/19 23:53 PMCR- 2026/09/19 CRDT- 2026/09/19 20:42 PHST- 2026/05/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/19 23:53 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/19 23:52 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/19 20:42 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1136/bmjpo-2026-005011 [pii] AID - bmjpo-2026-005011 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjpo-2026-005011 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Paediatr Open. 2026 Sep 19;10(1):e005011. doi: 10.1136/bmjpo-2026-005011. PMID- 42762125 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260919 IS - 2047-945X (Electronic) IS - 0260-1060 (Linking) DP - 2026 Sep 19 TI - Feasibility of millet-based gluten free and casein free diet in children with autism spectrum disorders: A 12-week pilot study in India. PG - 2601060261489302 LID - 10.1177/02601060261489302 [doi] AB - BackgroundAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is often associated with selective eating, nutritional deficiencies, and gastrointestinal (GI) disturbances. Gluten-free, casein-free (GFCF) diets are popular but inconsistently supported by evidence. Millets, naturally gluten and casein-free, are nutrient-dense traditional grains that may offer a culturally relevant alternative.AimTo assess the feasibility, acceptability, adherence, and nutritional impact of a millet-based GFCF dietary intervention in children with ASD.MethodsA 12-week single-arm pilot study enrolled children aged 4 to 6 years with confirmed ASD. A millet flour blend (foxtail, little, pearl millet) was developed into three recipes: Foxtail Millet Upma, Little Millet Biscuits, and Pearl Millet Nachos. Pre and postintervention dietary intake was measured using 3-day recalls. Sensory acceptability was rated on a nine-point hedonic scale; adherence was tracked through caregiver logs; and structured interviews explored feasibility.SummaryAll millet-based recipes were well accepted, with Foxtail Millet Upma receiving the highest acceptability scores. Significant improvements were observed in cereal and pulse intake, along with a reduction in fat consumption. Caregivers reported improvements in GI comfort (70%), sleep quality (60%), and reductions in hyperactivity (55%). Adherence to the dietary intervention was high (80%), although challenges related to ingredient availability and preparation time were reported. Millet-based GFCF diets are feasible, acceptable, and nutritionally balanced at the food-group level in children with ASD. Findings highlight their potential as culturally appropriate dietary interventions, warranting larger controlled studies to evaluate long-term outcomes. FAU - Dahake, Urmila AU - Dahake U AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6822-8317 AD - Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, India. RINGGOLD: 534693 FAU - Deotale, Shweta AU - Deotale S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4409-278X AD - Department of Chemical Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur, India. RINGGOLD: 29583 FAU - Mandavgane, Sachin AU - Mandavgane S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1436-8987 AD - Department of Chemical Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur, India. RINGGOLD: 29583 FAU - Sharma, Shakti AU - Sharma S AD - Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Sadabai Raisoni Women's College, Nagpur, India. FAU - Bang, Akash AU - Bang A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2035-1193 AD - Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, India. RINGGOLD: 534693 FAU - Solanki, Ranjan AU - Solanki R AD - Department of Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, India. RINGGOLD: 534693 FAU - Kumar, Anupama AU - Kumar A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9051-1482 AD - Department of Chemical Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur, India. RINGGOLD: 29583 LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260919 PL - England TA - Nutr Health JT - Nutrition and health JID - 8306569 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Autism spectrum disorder OT - India OT - casein-free diet OT - food selectivity OT - gluten-free diet OT - gut-brain axis OT - millets OT - nutritional intervention OT - pediatric nutrition EDAT- 2026/09/19 23:52 MHDA- 2026/09/19 23:52 CRDT- 2026/09/19 07:52 PHST- 2026/09/19 23:52 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/19 23:52 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/19 07:52 [entrez] AID - 10.1177/02601060261489302 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Nutr Health. 2026 Sep 19:2601060261489302. doi: 10.1177/02601060261489302. PMID- 42761920 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260919 LR - 20260923 IS - 1178-7074 (Print) IS - 1178-7074 (Electronic) IS - 1178-7074 (Linking) VI - 19 DP - 2026 TI - Trajectories of Gestational Weight Gain During Early and Mid-Pregnancy and Their Association with Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy. PG - 634468 LID - 10.2147/IJGM.S634468 [doi] LID - 634468 AB - OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between trajectories of gestational weight gain (GWG) during early and mid-pregnancy and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP). A trajectory approach was used because total GWG or a single measurement cannot represent the timing and pattern of weight change. METHODS: This retrospective cohort included 11,278 women who attended the nutrition clinic and delivered at Fujian Provincial Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fuzhou, China, between March 2014 and May 2018. Interval-specific GWG through 28 weeks was characterized using latent class growth modeling. Logistic regression estimated associations with HDP; the fully adjusted model included maternal age, pre-pregnancy body mass index, parity, platelet count, lactate dehydrogenase, and alanine aminotransferase. RESULTS: The current analysis used four reported GWG patterns: stable-low (Group 1; n=9,314, 82.6%), early-slow/mid-fast (Group 2; n=70, 0.6%), early-fast/mid-slow (Group 3; n=301, 2.7%), and moderate-growth (Group 4; n=1,593, 14.1%). Compared with Group 1, the fully adjusted odds of HDP were higher in Group 3 (odds ratio [OR]=2.285, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.370-3.613; P=0.001) and Group 4 (OR=1.356, 95% CI 1.037-1.752; P=0.023), but not Group 2 (OR=1.084, 95% CI 0.176-3.528; P=0.911). CONCLUSION: In this hospital-based cohort, early- and mid-pregnancy GWG patterns were associated with HDP. The estimates for the smallest groups were imprecise, and the observational design does not establish causality or predictive utility. Studies with prospectively recorded HDP diagnosis timing and external validation are required before clinical use. CI - (c) 2026 Li et al. FAU - Li, Wenwen AU - Li W AD - Department of Gynecology II, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children's Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China. FAU - Kang, Youhong AU - Kang Y AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-7528-7152 AD - Obstetrics Department, Quanzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital (Quanzhou Children's Hospital), Quanzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China. FAU - Zhang, Huale AU - Zhang H AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China. FAU - Tan, Wenxin AU - Tan W AD - Department of Obstetrics, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China. FAU - Li, Feng AU - Li F AD - Department of Gynecology II, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children's Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China. FAU - Wu, Kunhai AU - Wu K AD - Blood Transfusion Department, Fujian Children's Hospital (Fujian Branch of Shanghai Children's Medical Center), College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China. AD - Blood Transfusion Department, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China. FAU - Fang, Zhuanji AU - Fang Z AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260914 PL - New Zealand TA - Int J Gen Med JT - International journal of general medicine JID - 101515487 PMC - PMC13588108 OTO - NOTNLM OT - gestational weight gain OT - hypertensive disorders of pregnancy OT - latent class growth model OT - longitudinal trajectory OT - pregnancy COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/19 23:52 MHDA- 2026/09/19 23:53 PMCR- 2026/09/14 CRDT- 2026/09/19 06:25 PHST- 2026/07/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/19 23:53 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/19 23:52 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/19 06:25 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 634468 [pii] AID - 10.2147/IJGM.S634468 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Gen Med. 2026 Sep 14;19:634468. doi: 10.2147/IJGM.S634468. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42761388 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260919 LR - 20260921 IS - 2398-8835 (Electronic) IS - 2398-8835 (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Lifestyle Behaviors and Their Socio-Demographic Correlates Among University-Going Adolescents in Rawalpindi, Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study. PG - e73240 LID - 10.1002/hsr2.73240 [doi] LID - e73240 AB - OBJECTIVE: Adolescence is a critical period where lifestyle habits, including diet, physical exercise, sleep, and substance abuse, may have a significant influence on future health. The objective of this study was to determine adolescents' lifestyle behaviors and how they relate to socio-demographic characteristics. METHODS: The study included university-going older adolescents in Rawalpindi, Pakistan and employed a cross-sectional study design. Participants completed a validated questionnaire assessing lifestyle behaviors and their socio-demographic correlates, along with anthropometric measurements for BMI categorization. Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression were used for analysis. RESULTS: The present study included 215 university-going older adolescents (mean age: 18.69 SD = 0.46 years); the majority (75.8%) were female participants, and 70.2% were urban inhabitants. The majority had a healthy BMI (68.8%) and ate three meals each day (90.7%), but less than 12% were physically active. Over a quarter reported not getting enough sleep. 28.4% of participants reported depressed symptoms; just 10.2% addressed their problems with a specialist. 9.8% used drugs (smoking), 20.9% vaped, and 25.6% began using before the age of 12. There were significant (p < 0.05) associations between lifestyle behaviors and socio-demographic characteristics such as age, BMI, and family type. Regression analysis showed BMI, residence, and parental education as key predictors of adolescent lifestyle. CONCLUSION: The findings revealed significant gaps in healthy lifestyle behaviors university-going older adolescents in Rawalpindi. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Health Science Reports published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Rao, Meesha AU - Rao M AD - Department of Research and Development Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology/National Institute of Heart Diseases Rawalpindi Pakistan. FAU - Mahmood, Humaira AU - Mahmood H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2341-6431 AD - School of Public Health Health Services Academy Islamabad Pakistan. FAU - Ahmad, Abdul Momin Rizwan AU - Ahmad AMR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3499-902X AD - Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, NUST School of Health Sciences National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) Islamabad Pakistan. AD - Department of Health Sciences University of York York UK. FAU - Zafar, Saira AU - Zafar S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-1850-5081 AD - School of Public Health Health Services Academy Islamabad Pakistan. FAU - Khalid, Hasnain AU - Khalid H AD - School of Management Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou China. FAU - Siddiqui, Manaar Adil AU - Siddiqui MA AD - Department of Public Health, Armed Forces Postgraduate Medical Institute (AFPGMI) National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Rawalpindi Pakistan. FAU - Azad, Naseem AU - Azad N AD - Department of Public Health, Armed Forces Postgraduate Medical Institute (AFPGMI) National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Rawalpindi Pakistan. FAU - Abbasi, Attiya Najeeb AU - Abbasi AN AD - Department of Public Health, Armed Forces Postgraduate Medical Institute (AFPGMI) National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Rawalpindi Pakistan. FAU - Mohammadi, Nilab AU - Mohammadi N AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-6376-0007 AD - Department of Curative Medicine Ghalib University Herat Afghanistan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260917 PL - United States TA - Health Sci Rep JT - Health science reports JID - 101728855 PMC - PMC13586443 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - lifestyle behaviors OT - physical activity OT - socio-demographic correlates OT - university students COIS- The authors declare that they do not have any conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/19 23:52 MHDA- 2026/09/19 23:53 PMCR- 2026/09/17 CRDT- 2026/09/19 05:36 PHST- 2026/07/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/19 23:53 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/19 23:52 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/19 05:36 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - HSR273240 [pii] AID - 10.1002/hsr2.73240 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Health Sci Rep. 2026 Sep 17;9(9):e73240. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.73240. eCollection 2026 Sep. PMID- 42760922 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260919 LR - 20260920 IS - 1664-2392 (Print) IS - 1664-2392 (Electronic) IS - 1664-2392 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Pre-Ramadan time-below-range stratifies the simulated pump basal-rate dose-response during Ramadan fasting: a five-policy paired virtual-patient study. PG - 1922149 LID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1922149 [doi] LID - 1922149 AB - BACKGROUND: Pump basal-rate reduction during Ramadan may prevent hypoglycemia but can increase hyperglycemia. Its dose-response relation and phenotype-dependent trade-off remain uncertain. METHODS: Thirty UVA/Padova virtual patients (10 children, 10 adolescents, 10 adults) underwent paired 30-day Ramadan conditions delivering 100%, 90%, 80%, 70%, or 60% of the pump steady-state basal rate. The primary complete-case analysis included 29 virtual patients. Outcomes were time in range (TIR), time below range (TBR), time above range (TAR, including TAR > 250 and TAR > 300), and rescue corrections. Paired permutation tests and bootstrap intervals quantified effects. Robustness and revision analyses used three sensor seeds, three seeded meal/timing scenarios with a held-out evaluation, a reactive-correction sensitivity analysis, a time-of-day decomposition, terminal-event reporting, and a negative-control (sham) test of the pre-Ramadan marker. RESULTS: Mean TIR was 81.7%, 79.9%, 73.9%, 65.3%, and 56.0% at 100%, 90%, 80%, 70%, and 60%, respectively (P <0.001). Compared with 100%, 90% basal reduced TBR by 1.6 percentage points (95% CI -2.1 to -1.2) while changing TIR by -1.8 points (95% CI -3.7 to -0.3; Holm-adjusted P = 0.031). Severe hyperglycemia rose steeply with deeper reduction (TAR>250: 2.9% at 100% to 14.8% at 60%). Enabling realistic reactive corrections raised TIR at the deepest policies but preserved the same policy ordering. Pre-Ramadan TBR stratified the TIR response across reduced policies (omnibus patient-blocked permutation P = 0.023), with the strongest gradients at 70% and 60% basal; a negative-control analysis showed this signal was not specific to TBR but reflected a broader baseline-glycemia pattern. In a held-out scenario, a revised safety-first selection rule improved hypoglycemia-target attainment (39% to 79%) and reduced TBR by 2.9 points but incurred a 5.2-point TIR cost, demonstrating that prioritizing fasting safety involves a glycemic trade-off. CONCLUSION: Ramadan pump basal-rate reduction should be treated not as a uniform percentage change but as a phenotype- and context-dependent trade-off. Among the reduced policies, 90% basal produced the smallest TIR loss while lowering hypoglycemia; pre-Ramadan TBR was an exploratory candidate stratifier; and meal-size associations differed by policy. These mechanistic findings apply to simulated pump basal-rate modulation and require prospective, CGM-anchored validation before any clinical use. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Banjar. FAU - Banjar, Ameen AU - Banjar A AD - Department of Information Systems and Technology, College of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260904 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) JT - Frontiers in endocrinology JID - 101555782 RN - 0 (Blood Glucose) RN - 0 (Insulin) RN - 0 (Hypoglycemic Agents) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Male MH - *Islam MH - Female MH - Blood Glucose/analysis/metabolism MH - *Fasting MH - Child MH - *Insulin Infusion Systems MH - Adult MH - *Insulin/administration & dosage MH - *Hypoglycemia/prevention & control MH - Intermittent Fasting MH - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/drug therapy/blood MH - Hypoglycemic Agents/administration & dosage MH - Hyperglycemia/prevention & control MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC13585517 OTO - NOTNLM OT - basal insulin OT - continuous glucose monitoring OT - dose response OT - precision dosing OT - ramadan OT - treatment heterogeneity OT - type 1 diabetes OT - virtual patients COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/19 05:39 MHDA- 2026/09/19 05:40 PMCR- 2026/09/04 CRDT- 2026/09/19 04:28 PHST- 2026/06/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/19 05:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/19 05:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/19 04:28 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1922149 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2026 Sep 4;17:1922149. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2026.1922149. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42759561 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261013 LR - 20261013 IS - 1361-6579 (Electronic) IS - 0967-3334 (Linking) VI - 47 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct 13 TI - Improving sleep monitoring in athletes: a comparative evaluation of four automated sleep scoring algorithms on 204 polysomnography recordings. LID - 10.1088/1361-6579/aea9ea [doi] AB - Objective.Automated sleep scoring offers the potential for fast, precise, and cost-effective analysis. This study evaluated the accuracy, robustness, and clinical agreement of four algorithms against manual polysomnography (PSG) in athletes, and assessed how signal degradation and individual physiological traits affect automated scoring in ambulatory settings.Approach.Data from 75 healthy athletes (91.1% male, mean age 26.3 +/- 5.4 years, range [18-41], 204 PSG recordings) were retrospectively collected from studies conducted in our laboratory. Manual scoring was compared to four automated sleep staging algorithms: Luna, U-Sleep, Yet Another Spindle Algorithm (YASA), and Greifswald Sleep Stage Classifier (GSSC). Performance was evaluated on accuracy (per stage, macro and weightedF1), sensitivity (confusion matrices), robustness (signal quality:R(2); individual differences: beta coefficients) and clinical relevance (prediction of total sleep time (TST), sleep onset latency (SOL), wake after sleep onset (WASO) and sleep efficiency (SE)).Main results.All algorithms demonstrated strong agreement with manual scoring, with macroF1 scores of 0.76 (GSSC), 0.71 (U-Sleep), 0.70 (YASA), and 0.69 (Luna). GSSC was the most accurate and robust across sport, physiological, behavioral, and anthropometric variables. It showed minimal bias and narrow limits of agreement for TST, WASO and SE. GSSC was also the most resilient to signal degradation (marginalR(2)= 0.05), compared to YASA and Luna (0.06) and U-Sleep (0.24).Significance.Automated sleep staging algorithms demonstrated accuracy comparable to typical inter-rater agreement, supporting broader use in athletes. These algorithms could make PSG more accessible for both monitoring and research, providing deeper insights into sleep and its influence on athletic performance. CI - Creative Commons Attribution license. FAU - Crosbie, Flynn AU - Crosbie F AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-1635-194X AD - Universite Paris Cite, VIFASOM (Vigilance fatigue Sommeil et Sante Publique), Paris, France. AD - INSEP (Institut National du Sport, de l'Expertise et de la Performance), Paris, France. FAU - Hanif, Umaer AU - Hanif U AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8288-5532 AD - Universite Paris Cite, VIFASOM (Vigilance fatigue Sommeil et Sante Publique), Paris, France. FAU - Aloulou, Anis AU - Aloulou A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4124-3864 AD - Universite Paris Cite, VIFASOM (Vigilance fatigue Sommeil et Sante Publique), Paris, France. AD - APHP, Hotel-Dieu, Centre du Sommeil et de la Vigilance, Paris, France. FAU - Chauvineau, Maxime AU - Chauvineau M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0690-8074 AD - Universite Paris Cite, VIFASOM (Vigilance fatigue Sommeil et Sante Publique), Paris, France. AD - APHP, Hotel-Dieu, Centre du Sommeil et de la Vigilance, Paris, France. FAU - Chennaoui, Mounir AU - Chennaoui M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4409-813X AD - Universite Paris Cite, VIFASOM (Vigilance fatigue Sommeil et Sante Publique), Paris, France. AD - IRBA (Institut de Recherche biomedicale des armees), Bretigny, France. FAU - Nedelec, Mathieu AU - Nedelec M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8095-9163 AD - INSEP (Institut National du Sport, de l'Expertise et de la Performance), Paris, France. FAU - Leger, Damien AU - Leger D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1168-480X AD - Universite Paris Cite, VIFASOM (Vigilance fatigue Sommeil et Sante Publique), Paris, France. AD - APHP, Hotel-Dieu, Centre du Sommeil et de la Vigilance, Paris, France. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Evaluation Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261013 PL - England TA - Physiol Meas JT - Physiological measurement JID - 9306921 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Polysomnography/methods MH - *Algorithms MH - Male MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Automation MH - Adolescent MH - *Athletes MH - *Sleep/physiology MH - Young Adult MH - Sleep Stages MH - Sleep Duration MH - Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted OTO - NOTNLM OT - EEG OT - artificial intelligence OT - athletes OT - automated scoring OT - polysomnography OT - sleep staging EDAT- 2026/09/18 23:36 MHDA- 2026/10/13 17:37 CRDT- 2026/09/18 19:08 PHST- 2026/05/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/13 17:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/18 23:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/18 19:08 [entrez] AID - 10.1088/1361-6579/aea9ea [doi] PST - epublish SO - Physiol Meas. 2026 Oct 13;47(10). doi: 10.1088/1361-6579/aea9ea. PMID- 42758477 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260918 LR - 20260922 IS - 1460-2210 (Electronic) IS - 0141-5387 (Print) IS - 0141-5387 (Linking) VI - 48 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Aug 6 TI - Metabolomic analysis of gingival crevicular fluid for dental age and skeletal maturity assessment in growing individuals. LID - 10.1093/ejo/cjag064 [doi] LID - cjag064 AB - OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to examine the metabolic profile of growing patients for potential identification of biomarkers related to dental skeletal development. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Gingival crevicular fluid samples from 54 young patients were collected and further analyzed by an untargeted gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method. For the estimation of dental development, the Demirjian method was used, and for the skeletal maturation level, the cervical vertebrae maturation method was applied. Multivariate and univariate analyses were performed to examine possible metabolomic variations according to the chronological, dental, and skeletal age. Group differences were evaluated using Kruskal-Wallis tests, with Bonferroni correction applied to account for multiple comparisons. Spearman's rho correlation coefficient was used to examine variable correlations. Metabolite expression variations were visualized using boxplots. RESULTS: In total, 63 compounds were retrieved with metabolomic analysis. The results showed that cadaverine and L-valine uniquely displayed robust dental age-related variation, demonstrating significant elevations during tooth development and decrease in the late stages of the dentition. Malonic acid and nonanoic acid decrease with advanced dental age. Regarding bone growth, cadaverine, L-serine, and L-homoserine have been identified as strong indicators of skeletal maturation. CONCLUSIONS: Several distinct metabolites showed coherent associations with skeletal and dental maturation. Additional studies employing complementary analytical methods and broader metabolome profiling are necessary to validate their association with tooth and bone growth pathways. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The adjunct use of metabolomics in dentistry and orthodontics may lead to more precise diagnosis and personalized healthcare. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Orthodontic Society. FAU - Eirini, Tsagkari AU - Eirini T AD - Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece. FAU - Eleftherios, Panteris AU - Eleftherios P AD - Biomic_AUTh, CIRI-AUTH Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece. FAU - Moschos, Papadopoulos A AU - Moschos PA AD - Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece. FAU - Athina, Chatzigianni AU - Athina C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7114-689X AD - Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece. LA - eng GR - Greece/ GR - MIS 5047928/European Union (European Social Fund-ESF)/ PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Eur J Orthod JT - European journal of orthodontics JID - 7909010 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Gingival Crevicular Fluid/chemistry/metabolism MH - *Age Determination by Teeth/methods MH - *Metabolomics/methods MH - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/methods MH - Female MH - Child MH - Biomarkers/analysis/metabolism MH - Male MH - *Age Determination by Skeleton/methods MH - Cervical Vertebrae/growth & development MH - Adolescent MH - *Odontogenesis/physiology MH - *Bone Development/physiology PMC - PMC13587827 OTO - NOTNLM OT - biomarkers OT - dentistry OT - metabolomics OT - orthodontics OT - skeletal growth OT - tooth development COIS- Conflicts of interest: The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/18 17:36 MHDA- 2026/09/18 17:37 PMCR- 2026/09/18 CRDT- 2026/09/18 11:26 PHST- 2026/09/18 17:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/18 17:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/18 11:26 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 8817247 [pii] AID - cjag064 [pii] AID - 10.1093/ejo/cjag064 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Orthod. 2026 Aug 6;48(5):cjag064. doi: 10.1093/ejo/cjag064. PMID- 42757670 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260918 LR - 20261001 IS - 1536-7290 (Electronic) IS - 1746-1391 (Print) IS - 1536-7290 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Measurement Agreement and Reliability of the 6-m Gait Speed Test in Adult Population: The ADULT-FIT Project. PG - e70207 LID - 10.1002/ejsc.70207 [doi] LID - e70207 AB - We aimed to examine: (i) measurement agreement between photoelectric cell system and manual stopwatch timing; (ii) inter-rater agreement between trained and untrained raters using manual stopwatch timing; and (iii) reliability of the 6-m gait speed test to assess motor fitness in adults, according to sex, age, and physical activity levels. 410 healthy adults (203 females) aged 18-64 years participated in this study. The time required to perform the 6-m gait speed test was recorded simultaneously by a trained (R1) and an untrained (R2) rater (inter-rater reliability), and by photoelectric cells (measurement agreement between timing methods). The test was repeated under the identical conditions (test-retest reliability) 48-72 h later. Systematic error between photoelectric cells and R1 was close to zero (0.015 s), whereas a larger difference was observed for R2 ( approximately 0.2 s). The corresponding concordance correlation coefficients (CCC) were 0.966 and 0.861, respectively. There was a systematic error between R2 and R1 of approximately 0.2 s, with a CCC of 0.872. Test-retest systematic error was -0.047 s (p < 0.01), with an effect size of 0.067. The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.984, and all error measurements reported low values, except the coefficient of variation that was 14.386. No heteroscedasticity was observed (p > 0.05). Measurement agreements and reliability were not influenced by sex, age groups and physical activity levels. Manual timing by R1 demonstrated high agreement with photoelectric cells and high test-retest reliability for assessing 6-m gait speed test in adults. Rater training is strongly recommended to minimize measurement error. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). European Journal of Sport Science published by Wiley-VCH GmbH on behalf of European College of Sport Science. FAU - Castro-Pinero, Jose AU - Castro-Pinero J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7353-0382 AD - Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, GALENO Research Group, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain. AD - Instituto de Investigacion e Innovacion Biomedica de Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain. FAU - Marin-Jimenez, Nuria AU - Marin-Jimenez N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0687-7554 AD - Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, GALENO Research Group, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain. AD - Instituto de Investigacion e Innovacion Biomedica de Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain. AD - Department of Education, Faculty of Educational Sciences, Health Research Centre, University of Almeria, Almeria, Spain. FAU - Cruz-Leon, Carolina AU - Cruz-Leon C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9070-5693 AD - Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, GALENO Research Group, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain. AD - Instituto de Investigacion e Innovacion Biomedica de Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain. FAU - Cies Valleras, Francisco Javier AU - Cies Valleras FJ AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-1857-1245 AD - Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, GALENO Research Group, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain. AD - Instituto de Investigacion e Innovacion Biomedica de Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain. FAU - Borges-Cosic, Milkana AU - Borges-Cosic M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8276-9387 AD - Instituto de Investigacion e Innovacion Biomedica de Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain. AD - Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Physical Activity for Health Promotion Research Group (PAHELP), University of Granada, Granada, Spain. AD - Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain. FAU - Camiletti-Moiron, Daniel AU - Camiletti-Moiron D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8856-5967 AD - Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, GALENO Research Group, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain. AD - Instituto de Investigacion e Innovacion Biomedica de Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain. FAU - Cuenca-Garcia, Magdalena AU - Cuenca-Garcia M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8510-9253 AD - Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, GALENO Research Group, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain. AD - Instituto de Investigacion e Innovacion Biomedica de Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain. LA - eng GR - DEP2017-88043-R/This project was supported by the Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness in the 2017 call for R&D Projects of the State Program for Research, Development and Innovation Targeting the Challenges of the Company; National Plan for Scientific and Technical Research and Innovation 2013-2016; the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport; Spanish Ministry of Universities, funded by the European Union-NextGenerationEU; "Salvador de Madariaga" Senior Mobility Grant Program from the Ministry of Universities; and the Juan de la Cierva Fellowship from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation./ PT - Journal Article PL - Germany TA - Eur J Sport Sci JT - European journal of sport science JID - 101146739 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Female MH - Adult MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - *Walking Speed MH - Middle Aged MH - Adolescent MH - Observer Variation MH - *Exercise Test/methods MH - *Physical Fitness PMC - PMC13587142 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adults OT - field-based test OT - measurement concordance OT - motor fitness OT - physical fitness OT - reproducibility COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/18 12:25 MHDA- 2026/09/18 12:26 PMCR- 2026/09/18 CRDT- 2026/09/18 09:08 PHST- 2026/05/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/11/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/18 12:26 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/18 12:25 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/18 09:08 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - EJSC70207 [pii] AID - 10.1002/ejsc.70207 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Sport Sci. 2026 Oct;26(10):e70207. doi: 10.1002/ejsc.70207. PMID- 42757245 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260918 LR - 20260919 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Activity-function transitions and interpretable machine learning for predicting incident depressive symptoms among ACE-exposed middle-aged and older adults: a multi-cohort study. PG - 1924836 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1924836 [doi] LID - 1924836 AB - BACKGROUND: Ad--verse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with increased risk of depressive symptoms in later life. This study aimed to develop and externally validate an interpretable machine-learning model for predicting incident depressive symptoms among ACE-exposed middle-aged and older adults. METHODS: Data were obtained from the English Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSA) and the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). Participants with baseline depressive symptoms were excluded. ELSA was used for model development and HRS for external validation. LASSO regression was applied for predictor selection, followed by comparison of multiple machine-learning algorithms. Pre-outcome activity-function transition profiles were further examined in relation to observed incident depressive symptoms. RESULTS: LASSO identified stable predictors mainly involving physical function, physical activity, chronic conditions, and sociodemographic characteristics. Among the evaluated models, random forest demonstrated the best performance, with an AUC of 0.701 in ELSA and 0.693 in HRS external validation. SHAP analysis identified walking time, grip strength, falls, arthritis, and physical activity as important contributors to prediction. Participants with unfavorable activity-function status at both pre-outcome assessments showed higher odds of incident depressive symptoms in both cohorts. CONCLUSION: An interpretable machine-learning framework integrating physical performance, physical activity, and health-related factors achieved moderate and externally validated prediction of incident depressive symptoms among ACE-exposed adults. Pre-outcome activity-function transition profiles provided additional information on subsequent depressive-symptom risk. Given the moderate discrimination and limited case-detection ability, the framework should be regarded as exploratory and requires further validation and refinement before any clinical application. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Lin, Shangguan, Sim, Chen and Wang. FAU - Lin, Zhenhao AU - Lin Z AD - Department of Pediatrics, Binhai County People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China. AD - Department of Exercise Physiology, Kunsan National University, Gunsan, Republic of Korea. FAU - Shangguan, Yuwen AU - Shangguan Y AD - Department of Exercise Physiology, Kunsan National University, Gunsan, Republic of Korea. AD - School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China. FAU - Sim, Young-Je AU - Sim YJ AD - Department of Exercise Physiology, Kunsan National University, Gunsan, Republic of Korea. FAU - Chen, Dahua AU - Chen D AD - Department of Exercise Physiology, Kunsan National University, Gunsan, Republic of Korea. FAU - Wang, Xiang AU - Wang X AD - Department of Pediatrics, Binhai County People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260903 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Depression/epidemiology MH - *Machine Learning MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Aged MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - *Adverse Childhood Experiences/statistics & numerical data/psychology MH - Predictive Learning Models MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - Incidence MH - Risk Factors MH - Prediction Algorithms PMC - PMC13584956 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adverse childhood experiences OT - depression OT - longitudinal cohort OT - machine learning OT - middle-aged and older adults OT - physical activity COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/18 12:26 MHDA- 2026/09/18 12:27 PMCR- 2026/09/03 CRDT- 2026/09/18 08:37 PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/18 12:27 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/18 12:26 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/18 08:37 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1924836 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2026 Sep 3;14:1924836. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1924836. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42756624 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260918 LR - 20260919 IS - 1728-869X (Print) IS - 2226-5104 (Electronic) IS - 1728-869X (Linking) VI - 24 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Evaluation of the Government indicator methodology in the Global Matrix on physical activity for children and adolescents. PG - 200520 LID - 10.1016/j.jesf.2026.200520 [doi] LID - 200520 AB - BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The Government indicator evaluates national policies and strategies for child and adolescent physical activity, supporting country reporting and international comparisons within the Global Matrix initiative. To grade this indicator, countries/jurisdictions apply either the original method or, in recent editions, an alternative approach. The alternative approach was proposed by the Welsh team, who derived six criteria from the World Health Organization's Health-Enhancing Physical Activity Policy Audit Tool v2 and developed an accompanying scoring rubric. This study aimed to evaluate the Welsh approach in comparison with the original method to guide recommendations for future applications. METHODS: The study employed a mixed-methods design, including: 1) inductive content analysis of feedback collected via survey from 17 researchers and policy professionals from various countries, and 2) descriptive and Wilcoxon signed-rank analysis of Government indicator grades from Global Matrices 3.0 and 4.0 in 6 countries that transitioned to the Welsh approach and 28 countries/jurisdictions that retained the original method. RESULTS: User feedback on the Welsh approach was predominantly positive, noting its structure, transparency, and comprehensiveness as strengths, and indicating greater utility and suitability than the original method. Concerns included limited consideration of policy implementation and feasibility aspects. No statistically significant group-level temporal grade differences were found for both methods. CONCLUSION: The Welsh approach adds structure and transparency to the Government indicator assessment. Further refinements to the Welsh approach may improve comparability and policy relevance, while both the Welsh and original methods remain acceptable for interim use within the Global Matrix, with potential applicability beyond it. CI - (c) 2026 The Society of Chinese Scholars on Exercise Physiology and Fitness. Published by Elsevier B.V. FAU - Demchenko, Iryna AU - Demchenko I AD - Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada. AD - Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada. AD - Active Healthy Kids Global Alliance, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - Aubert, Salome AU - Aubert S AD - Active Healthy Kids Global Alliance, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - Kuzik, Nicholas AU - Kuzik N AD - Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. FAU - Edwards, Lowri C AU - Edwards LC AD - Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Wales, UK. FAU - Ward, Malcolm AU - Ward M AD - Applied Sports Technology, Exercise and Medicine Research Centre (A-STEM), Swansea University, Wales, UK. FAU - Arbour-Nicitopoulos, Kelly P AU - Arbour-Nicitopoulos KP AD - Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. FAU - Brazo-Sayavera, Javier AU - Brazo-Sayavera J AD - Department of Sports and Computer Science, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain. FAU - Cortinez-O'Ryan, Andrea AU - Cortinez-O'Ryan A AD - Department of Physical Education, Sports and Recreation, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile. AD - School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Chile. FAU - De Roia, Gabriela AU - De Roia G AD - Laboratorio de Estudios en Actividad Fisica (LEAF), Universidad de Flores, CABA, Argentina. FAU - Gonzalez, Silvia A AU - Gonzalez SA AD - School of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Bogota, Colombia. FAU - Guisihan, Roselle M AU - Guisihan RM AD - Institute of Clinical Epidemiology, National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila City, Philippines. FAU - Jeon, Justin Y AU - Jeon JY AD - Department of Sport Industry Studies, Center for Exercise Medicine and Salutogenesis, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Kim, Yeon Soo AU - Kim YS AD - Department of Physical Education, Institute of Sports Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Poh, Bee Koon AU - Poh BK AD - Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. FAU - Slancova, Terezia Kovalik AU - Slancova TK AD - University of Presov, Faculty of Sports, Presov, Slovakia. FAU - Lopez-Gil, Jose Francisco AU - Lopez-Gil JF AD - School of Medicine, Universidad Espiritu Santo, Samborondon, Ecuador. AD - Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autonoma de Chile, Temuco, Chile. FAU - Ng, Kwok AU - Ng K AD - Physical Activity for Health Research Centre, Health Research Institute & Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland. AD - Institute of Sports Science and Innovation, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania. AD - Department of Teacher Education, Turku Institute of Advanced Studies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. FAU - Palad, Yves AU - Palad Y AD - Department of Physical Therapy, College of Allied Medical Professions, University of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines. FAU - Silva, Diego Augusto Santos AU - Silva DAS AD - Department of Physical Education, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. FAU - Tomaz, Simone A AU - Tomaz SA AD - Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, UK. FAU - Urbanski, Piotr Kazimierz AU - Urbanski PK AD - Department of Adapted Physical Activity, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznan, Poland. FAU - Tremblay, Mark S AU - Tremblay MS AD - Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada. AD - Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada. AD - Active Healthy Kids Global Alliance, Ottawa, ON, Canada. AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260905 PL - Singapore TA - J Exerc Sci Fit JT - Journal of exercise science and fitness JID - 101198241 PMC - PMC13583972 OTO - NOTNLM OT - International benchmarking OT - Measurement OT - Policy OT - Youth COIS- ID was an AHKGA Fellow, and SA, JBS, DASS, and MST were members of the AHKGA Board of Directors during the conduct of this study. LCE and MW were part of the expert team that developed the Welsh approach. All other authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/09/18 12:26 MHDA- 2026/09/18 12:27 PMCR- 2026/09/05 CRDT- 2026/09/18 07:40 PHST- 2026/05/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/18 12:27 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/18 12:26 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/18 07:40 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1728-869X(26)00081-X [pii] AID - 200520 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jesf.2026.200520 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Exerc Sci Fit. 2026 Oct;24(4):200520. doi: 10.1016/j.jesf.2026.200520. Epub 2026 Sep 5. PMID- 42756052 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260918 LR - 20260919 IS - 2296-2360 (Print) IS - 2296-2360 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2360 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Physical activity and health-related quality of life among Chinese adolescents: a cross-sectional statistical path model involving sleep disturbance and depressive symptoms. PG - 1954434 LID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1954434 [doi] LID - 1954434 AB - OBJECTIVE: Physical activity (PA) is positively associated with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in adolescents, while sleep disturbance and depressive symptoms are also closely related to both PA and HRQoL. However, relatively few studies have examined these factors simultaneously, particularly among Chinese adolescents. This study examined the association between PA and HRQoL and assessed the separate and serial indirect associations involving sleep disturbance and depressive symptoms. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 2,202 secondary-school students from 12 schools in China. Participants completed validated self-report measures of PA, sleep disturbance, depressive symptoms, and HRQoL. Pearson correlations were used to examine bivariate associations, and a serial multiple-mediator model (PROCESS Model 6) was applied to estimate direct and indirect associations. Statistical uncertainty was evaluated using 5,000 bootstrap resamples and bias-corrected 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: Higher PA was associated with lower sleep disturbance and depressive symptoms and with better HRQoL. Sleep disturbance was positively associated with depressive symptoms, whereas both sleep disturbance and depressive symptoms were inversely associated with HRQoL. The standardized total association between PA and HRQoL was 0.324 [95% CI (0.288, 0.358)], of which 0.095 was statistically accounted for by the combined indirect associations. Significant specific indirect associations were observed through sleep disturbance alone [beta = 0.032, 95% CI (0.019, 0.046)], depressive symptoms alone [beta = 0.046, 95% CI (0.034, 0.058)], and the sequential pathway involving sleep disturbance followed by depressive symptoms [beta = 0.017, 95% CI (0.013, 0.022)]. The direct PA-HRQoL association remained significant after both statistical mediators were included [beta = 0.229, 95% CI (0.191, 0.265)]. CONCLUSIONS: PA, sleep disturbance, depressive symptoms, and HRQoL were closely interconnected among Chinese adolescents. Sleep- and mood-related factors statistically accounted for part of the positive association between PA and HRQoL, with depressive symptoms showing the largest specific indirect association. These findings support considering PA, sleep health, and emotional well-being within an integrated adolescent health framework. Because all variables were measured concurrently, the observed indirect associations should not be interpreted as evidence of temporal or causal mediation. CI - (c) 2026 Liu. FAU - Liu, Mengxuan AU - Liu M AD - School of Physical Education, Jiangxi Institute of Technology, Nanchang, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260903 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Pediatr JT - Frontiers in pediatrics JID - 101615492 PMC - PMC13582418 OTO - NOTNLM OT - China OT - adolescents OT - depressive symptoms OT - health-related quality of life OT - physical activity OT - sleep disturbance OT - statistical association COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/18 12:25 MHDA- 2026/09/18 12:26 PMCR- 2026/09/03 CRDT- 2026/09/18 06:37 PHST- 2026/07/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/18 12:26 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/18 12:25 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/18 06:37 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1954434 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Pediatr. 2026 Sep 3;14:1954434. doi: 10.3389/fped.2026.1954434. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42756047 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260918 LR - 20260919 IS - 1664-0640 (Print) IS - 1664-0640 (Electronic) IS - 1664-0640 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Associations between objectively measured physical activity intensities and executive function in preschool children: a cross-sectional study. PG - 1900022 LID - 10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1900022 [doi] LID - 1900022 AB - BACKGROUND: Executive function, including inhibitory control, working memory, and cognitive flexibility, develops rapidly during the preschool years and is central to children's cognitive, behavioral, and social development. Physical activity is a potentially modifiable factor that may support executive function; however, evidence regarding the associations of specific physical activity intensities with individual executive function domains in preschool children remains limited and inconsistent. This cross-sectional study examined associations between objectively measured physical activity intensity and executive function in preschool children. METHODS: The analysis included 238 children aged 3-6 years (124 boys and 114 girls; mean age, 5.3 years) from three kindergartens in Guangzhou, China. Physical activity was measured for four consecutive days using a wrist-worn ActiGraph wGT3X-BT accelerometer. Executive function was assessed using the Go/No-Go, Flanker, 1-back, and Dimensional Change Card Sort (DCCS) tasks, which indexed response inhibition, interference control, working memory, and cognitive flexibility, respectively. Group comparisons, correlation and Mantel analyses, and multiple linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index were used. RESULTS: Executive function performance differed across age groups in all tasks, with older children generally showing higher accuracy and shorter reaction times. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), average daily MVPA, and the proportions of moderate physical activity and vigorous physical activity (VPA) also increased with age. In adjusted regression models, higher MVPA was nominally associated with shorter DCCS reaction time (B = -1.950, 95% CI, -3.681 to -0.219; beta = -0.143; p = 0.027), but this association did not remain statistically significant after false discovery rate (FDR) correction (q = 0.108). VPA was associated with shorter Flanker reaction time before multiple-comparison correction (p = 0.021), but the association did not remain significant after FDR correction (q = 0.084). No consistent independent associations were observed between sedentary time, light physical activity, or other physical activity indicators and the remaining executive function outcomes. CONCLUSION: Higher-intensity physical activity showed small, task-specific nominal associations with executive function reaction-time outcomes, but these associations were not robust after FDR correction. Exploratory moderation analysis suggested that the association between MVPA and cognitive flexibility varied according to age. Given the cross-sectional design, these findings should be interpreted as tentative, domain-specific patterns rather than robust or causal effects. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Xiong, Lai, Wang, Li, Pei, Sun, An and Wang. FAU - Xiong, Xin AU - Xiong X AD - Department of Sports, Guangzhou Polytechnic of Sports, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Lai, Jiawei AU - Lai J AD - Department of Sports, Guangzhou Polytechnic of Sports, Guangzhou, China. AD - School of Sports Training, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Wang, Siming AU - Wang S AD - Department of Sports, Guangzhou Polytechnic of Sports, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Li, Jian AU - Li J AD - Asset Management Office, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Pei, Xiaohui AU - Pei X AD - Experimental School of Fangcun Primary School in Liwan District, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Sun, Jiayi AU - Sun J AD - School of Sports, Guangzhou College of Commerce, Guangzhou, China. FAU - An, Yaqi AU - An Y AD - School of Culture and Tourism, Guangdong Vocational College of Arts, Foshan, China. FAU - Wang, Zhenguo AU - Wang Z AD - School of Physical Education, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260903 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Psychiatry JT - Frontiers in psychiatry JID - 101545006 PMC - PMC13582332 OTO - NOTNLM OT - accelerometry OT - cognitive flexibility OT - executive function OT - inhibitory control OT - physical activity OT - preschool children COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/18 12:25 MHDA- 2026/09/18 12:26 PMCR- 2026/09/03 CRDT- 2026/09/18 06:35 PHST- 2026/06/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/18 12:26 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/18 12:25 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/18 06:35 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1900022 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Psychiatry. 2026 Sep 3;17:1900022. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1900022. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42754274 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260917 LR - 20260925 IS - 2044-6055 (Electronic) IS - 2044-6055 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep 17 TI - Semaglutide as adjunct treatment for obesity in adolescents receiving antipsychotic medication (the GOAL trial): protocol for a single-arm, open-label feasibility study. PG - e123779 LID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2026-123779 [doi] LID - e123779 AB - INTRODUCTION: Adolescents treated with antipsychotic medication are at increased risk of obesity and metabolic complications, yet evidence-based interventions in this group remain limited. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists have demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of obesity in both adults and adolescents. The aim of this trial is to assess the feasibility of a 36-week treatment period with a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist as an adjunct to standard care in adolescents with antipsychotic-associated obesity, defined as completion from baseline to end of treatment. The findings from this feasibility trial will inform the design and support the scale-up of a subsequent randomised controlled trial. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The GOAL trial is a single-arm, open-label feasibility study conducted at Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg, Denmark, in collaboration with the Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center. A total of 34 adolescents aged 12-18 years with obesity, defined as body mass index SD score equal to or greater than +1.28 and body fat percentage at or above the 95th percentile, receiving stable antipsychotic treatment will be enrolled. The study population includes adolescents with a range of psychiatric diagnoses requiring antipsychotic treatment, including psychotic disorders, mood disorders and neurodevelopmental disorders. Adolescents receiving antipsychotic treatment under coercion are excluded. Participants will receive once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide at a dose up to 2.4 milligrams for 36 weeks in addition to standard care, followed by an 18-month observational follow-up period. The primary outcome is study completion rate. Additional feasibility outcomes include recruitment rate, treatment adherence and completion of study procedures. Secondary outcomes include changes in body mass index SD score, body composition, metabolic biomarkers and psychiatric outcomes. Feasibility outcomes will be analysed descriptively. Exploratory longitudinal analyses will be conducted using linear mixed-effects models. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The study complies with the Declaration of Helsinki and European Union Clinical Trials Regulation (536/2014) and is approved in the Clinical Trials Information System (2024-5 17 471-21-02). Written informed consent will be obtained from participants and their legal guardians. Results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and scientific conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: 2024-5 17 471-21-02. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ Group. FAU - Giraldi, Laura Victoria AU - Giraldi LV AD - Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Bispebjerg-Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Andersen, Jon Traerup AU - Andersen JT AD - Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Bispebjerg-Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. AD - Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Jespersen, Jonas AU - Jespersen J AD - Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Bispebjerg-Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Baden, Christoffer Storm AU - Baden CS AD - Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Bispebjerg-Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Fonvig, Cilius Esmann AU - Fonvig CE AD - Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Holbaek, Denmark. FAU - Riis, Troels AU - Riis T AD - Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Bispebjerg-Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Dalhoff, Kim Peder AU - Dalhoff KP AD - Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Bispebjerg-Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. AD - Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Holm, Jens-Christian AU - Holm JC AD - Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Holbaek, Denmark. FAU - Fink-Jensen, Anders AU - Fink-Jensen A AD - Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. AD - Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Bispebjerg-Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Pagsberg, Anne Katrine AU - Pagsberg AK AD - Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. AD - Child- and adolescent mental health center Research Unit, Gentofte, Capital Region Mental Health Services, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Christensen, Mikkel Bring AU - Christensen MB AD - Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Bispebjerg-Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. AD - Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Gade, Christina AU - Gade C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0007-6158 AD - Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Bispebjerg-Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark christina.gade@regionh.dk. AD - Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. LA - eng PT - Clinical Trial Protocol PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260917 PL - England TA - BMJ Open JT - BMJ open JID - 101552874 RN - 0 (Antipsychotic Agents) RN - 0 (Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists) RN - 53AXN4NNHX (Semaglutide) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Antipsychotic Agents/administration & dosage MH - Body Mass Index MH - Denmark MH - Feasibility Studies MH - *Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists/administration & dosage MH - Mental Disorders/drug therapy MH - *Pediatric Obesity/drug therapy/chemically induced MH - Semaglutide MH - Observational Studies as Topic PMC - PMC13599909 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent OT - Body Mass Index OT - Child & adolescent psychiatry OT - Clinical Protocols OT - Clinical Trial COIS- Competing interests: None declared. EDAT- 2026/09/17 23:34 MHDA- 2026/09/17 23:35 PMCR- 2026/09/17 CRDT- 2026/09/17 20:42 PHST- 2026/09/17 23:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/17 23:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/17 20:42 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjopen-2026-123779 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2026-123779 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Open. 2026 Sep 17;16(9):e123779. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2026-123779. PMID- 42753886 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261028 LR - 20261028 IS - 1872-6240 (Electronic) IS - 0006-8993 (Linking) VI - 1892 DP - 2026 Dec 1 TI - EEG neurofeedback for children with overweight and obesity: A proof-of-concept study. PG - 150554 LID - S0006-8993(26)00416-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.brainres.2026.150554 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Current treatment options for childhood overweight and obesity do not sufficiently address underlying neurophysiological disturbances, such as deviations in electroencephalography (EEG)-measured brain activity, which may account for weight loss failure. Therefore, the present proof-of-concept study estimated effects of food-cue based EEG neurofeedback for reducing high beta band activity in 8-14-year-old children with overweight/obesity (OO). As secondary outcomes, eating disorder psychopathology, food preferences, self-regulation, quality of life, body mass index, feasibility and acceptance were analyzed. METHODS: Children with OO (N = 20) were offered 10 sessions of EEG neurofeedback over 6 weeks. Assessments prior and after the end of treatment included interview-based, self- and parent-report measures as well as objective anthropometrics. RESULTS: EEG neurofeedback resulted in a less than small-sized reduction of food-specific high beta band activity pre- vs. post-intervention. Small effects on the reduction of children's standardized body mass index, external eating behavior, and medium to large effects for overeating were documented. Feasibility and acceptance were provided. CONCLUSION: Promising results of the present proof-of-concept study indicate the need for further in-depth research with larger samples, adequate control groups, and randomized design. SIGNIFICANCE: Potentially, EEG neurofeedback is a valuable, resource-efficient addition to standard treatment options for childhood obesity. CI - Copyright (c) 2026. Published by Elsevier B.V. FAU - Hahn, Ulrike AU - Hahn U AD - University of Leipzig Medical Center, Integrated Research and Treatment Center AdiposityDiseases, Behavioral Medicine Research Unit, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Philipp-Rosenthal-Strasse 55, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. Electronic address: ulrikeh@posteo.de. FAU - Hubner, Claudia AU - Hubner C AD - University of Leipzig Medical Center, Integrated Research and Treatment Center AdiposityDiseases, Behavioral Medicine Research Unit, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Philipp-Rosenthal-Strasse 55, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. FAU - Hilbert, Anja AU - Hilbert A AD - University of Leipzig Medical Center, Integrated Research and Treatment Center AdiposityDiseases, Behavioral Medicine Research Unit, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Philipp-Rosenthal-Strasse 55, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany; German Center for Child and Adolescent Health (DZKJ), partner site Leipzig/Dresden, Leipzig, Germany. FAU - Schmidt, Ricarda AU - Schmidt R AD - German Center for Child and Adolescent Health (DZKJ), partner site Leipzig/Dresden, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260917 PL - Netherlands TA - Brain Res JT - Brain research JID - 0045503 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Neurofeedback/methods MH - Child MH - Male MH - Female MH - Electroencephalography/methods MH - Proof of Concept Study MH - Adolescent MH - *Overweight/therapy/physiopathology MH - Body Mass Index MH - *Pediatric Obesity/therapy/physiopathology MH - Brain/physiopathology MH - Beta Rhythm/physiology MH - Obesity MH - Feeding Behavior/physiology MH - Quality of Life MH - Treatment Outcome OTO - NOTNLM OT - Childhood obesity OT - EEG neurofeedback OT - Frequency bands OT - Intervention OT - Neuromodulation OT - Self-regulation COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/09/17 23:34 MHDA- 2026/10/29 05:30 CRDT- 2026/09/17 19:13 PHST- 2026/02/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/17 23:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/29 05:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/17 19:13 [entrez] AID - S0006-8993(26)00416-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.brainres.2026.150554 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Brain Res. 2026 Dec 1;1892:150554. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2026.150554. Epub 2026 Sep 17. PMID- 42753249 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260917 LR - 20260925 IS - 2561-1011 (Electronic) IS - 2561-1011 (Linking) VI - 10 DP - 2026 Sep 17 TI - Improving Cardiometabolic Health in Adolescent Girls With Elevated Anxiety: Web-Based Multisite, Pilot, and Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial. PG - e82781 LID - 10.2196/82781 [doi] LID - e82781 AB - BACKGROUND: Anxiety is common in adolescents with elevated BMI (kg/m(2)), affecting 33%-43% of adolescents with overweight or obesity (age- and sex-specific BMI >/=85th percentile ). Anxiety has been associated with poorer cardiometabolic health, and disinhibited eating in response to anxiety may be a key explanatory mechanism. Therefore, reducing anxiety in adolescents may improve disinhibited eating patterns and prevent worsening cardiometabolic health. OBJECTIVE: This pilot study primarily aimed to assess the feasibility and acceptability of 2 virtual group psychological interventions, interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), in adolescent girls with elevated anxiety and above-average weight. Secondary aims were to describe changes in anxiety, eating behavior, and cardiometabolic health indices. METHODS: This 2-site, 2-year, pilot and feasibility randomized controlled trial enrolled 12- to 17-year-old girls with elevated anxiety symptoms (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children total score >/=32) and above-average weight (BMI >/=75th percentile for age and sex), who were in good general health and not concurrently receiving therapy or medication treatment. Girls were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 web-based arms: 12-week, psychologist-led, group IPT or CBT. In both arms, groups of 5-7 adolescents met for 90 minutes on secure Zoom (Zoom Communications, Inc) once per week. Anxiety, disinhibited eating, BMI indices, blood pressure, lipids, hemoglobin A(1c) (HbA(1c)), and fasting glucose were measured at baseline, 12-week follow-up, and 1-year follow-up. Feasibility of recruitment, retention, and study protocol, and acceptability and fidelity of IPT and CBT were evaluated. RESULTS: Of 47 eligible adolescents, 40 (85%) enrolled. Enrollment of the total sample (n=40) was completed in 7 months. Retention was 85% (n=17) in IPT and 100% (n=20) in CBT at 12-week follow-up. Protocol adherence exceeded 96% for all intervals. Missing data varied, with higher rates for phlebotomy (up to 30%). Acceptability ratings were above-average for likability (mean 3.03, SD 1.14) and credibility (mean 3.26, SD 0.75; 0-4 scale with 4=Highest) across arms. Most adolescents received >/=80% intervention dosage (IPT: 90%, CBT: 95%). Expert fidelity ratings of IPT were 78% (SD 11%) and CBT were 94% (SD 9%). From baseline to 1-year, IPT demonstrated improvements in general anxiety (95% CI -8.95 to -1.40), social anxiety (95% CI -12.37 to -1.88), and HbA(1c) (95% CI -0.48 to -0.23); CBT demonstrated improvement in emotional eating (95% CI -1.18 to -0.18), and both arms demonstrated improvements in BMI percentile (effect sizes=-0.82 and -0.63, IPT and CBT, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: This pilot and feasibility trial provided initial support for the feasibility of recruitment and retention and acceptability of web-based group IPT and CBT, as well as yielded areas for optimizing protocol feasibility and intervention fidelity. These preliminary results inform the planning of larger-scale efficacy trials with powered samples to assess effects on BMI and cardiometabolic health indicators among adolescents with elevated anxiety and above-average weight. CI - (c) Caitlin Edwards, LIsa Ranzenhofer, Jason Lavender, Lauren D Gulley, Stephen Aichele, Isabel Thorstad, Natalia Sanchez, Ruby Schrag, Zoe Sinkford, Jill Emerick, Victoria Thomas, Thomas Arnold, Jami Young, Denise Wilfley, Mark Haigney, Lauren Shomaker, Marian Tanofsky-Kraff. Originally published in JMIR Cardio (https://cardio.jmir.org). FAU - Edwards, Caitlin AU - Edwards C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7576-0483 AD - Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Health and Human Services, Colorado State University, 410 W. Pitkin St, 1570 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, United States, 1 970-491-3217. AD - Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States. FAU - Ranzenhofer, Lisa AU - Ranzenhofer L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7199-6998 AD - Department of Psychiatry, University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, NY, United States. FAU - Lavender, Jason AU - Lavender J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9853-2280 AD - Department of Medicine, Military and Cardiovascular Outcomes Research (MiCOR), Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States. AD - The Metis Foundation, San Antonio, TX, United States. FAU - Gulley, Lauren D AU - Gulley LD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3868-8096 AD - Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States. AD - University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 6Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, Aurora, CO, United States. FAU - Aichele, Stephen AU - Aichele S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3397-7921 AD - Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Health and Human Services, Colorado State University, 410 W. Pitkin St, 1570 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, United States, 1 970-491-3217. FAU - Thorstad, Isabel AU - Thorstad I AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-7710-0186 AD - Department of Medicine, Military and Cardiovascular Outcomes Research (MiCOR), Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States. FAU - Sanchez, Natalia AU - Sanchez N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7929-4029 AD - Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Health and Human Services, Colorado State University, 410 W. Pitkin St, 1570 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, United States, 1 970-491-3217. FAU - Schrag, Ruby AU - Schrag R AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-5691-4659 AD - Department of Medicine, Military and Cardiovascular Outcomes Research (MiCOR), Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States. FAU - Sinkford, Zoe AU - Sinkford Z AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-4359-4271 AD - Department of Medicine, Military and Cardiovascular Outcomes Research (MiCOR), Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States. FAU - Emerick, Jill AU - Emerick J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1839-8980 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, United States. FAU - Thomas, Victoria AU - Thomas V AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-6480-9394 AD - Department of Medicine, Military and Cardiovascular Outcomes Research (MiCOR), Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States. FAU - Arnold, Thomas AU - Arnold T AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-9665-4518 AD - Department of Medicine, Military and Cardiovascular Outcomes Research (MiCOR), Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States. FAU - Young, Jami AU - Young J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7488-5097 AD - Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States. FAU - Wilfley, Denise AU - Wilfley D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3599-8689 AD - Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States. FAU - Haigney, Mark AU - Haigney M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6449-4386 AD - Department of Medicine, Military and Cardiovascular Outcomes Research (MiCOR), Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States. FAU - Shomaker, Lauren AU - Shomaker L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6129-8707 AD - Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Health and Human Services, Colorado State University, 410 W. Pitkin St, 1570 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, United States, 1 970-491-3217. AD - Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States. FAU - Tanofsky-Kraff, Marian AU - Tanofsky-Kraff M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3871-2233 AD - Department of Medicine, Military and Cardiovascular Outcomes Research (MiCOR), Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States. AD - Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, United States. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20260917 PL - Canada TA - JMIR Cardio JT - JMIR cardio JID - 101718325 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - Pilot Projects MH - Feasibility Studies MH - *Anxiety/therapy/psychology MH - *Cognitive Behavioral Therapy/methods MH - Child MH - Body Mass Index PMC - PMC13585365 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - anxiety OT - cardiometabolic health OT - cognitive behavioral therapy OT - eating behaviors OT - feasibility OT - interpersonal psychotherapy OT - pilot trial COIS- Conflicts of Interest: None declared. EDAT- 2026/09/17 18:32 MHDA- 2026/09/17 18:33 PMCR- 2026/09/17 CRDT- 2026/09/17 16:29 PHST- 2025/08/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/17 18:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/17 18:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/17 16:29 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v10i1e82781 [pii] AID - 82781 [pii] AID - 10.2196/82781 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JMIR Cardio. 2026 Sep 17;10:e82781. doi: 10.2196/82781. PMID- 42752631 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260917 LR - 20260922 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 9 DP - 2026 TI - Machine learning and deep learning-based prediction of hypertension and analysis of its major risk factors in Bangladesh. PG - e0358471 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0358471 [doi] LID - e0358471 AB - BACKGROUND: Hypertension is a leading cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in Bangladesh. This study examined its prevalence, risk factors, and predictive modeling using machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) approaches. METHOD: We analyzed cross-sectional data from the 2022 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey, which included 14,283 adults (>/=18 years). Prevalence was estimated, chi-square tests assessed associations, and four ML models (weighted logistic regression, random forest, extreme gradient boosting, light gradient boosting machine) and two DL models (TabNet, and multi-layer perceptron) were applied to predict hypertension risk. Model performance was evaluated using accuracy, precision, recall, specificity, F1 score, and area under the receiver operating characteristics curve and precision-recall curve. RESULTS: Overall prevalence was 18.04% (95% CI: 17.2%-18.9%), higher among women (18.87%) than men (16.97%). The chi-square test suggests that hypertension was significantly associated with age, BMI, diabetes, wealth index, education, household size, and region (p < 0.05). Among the machine learning and deep learning models, weighted logistic regression (WLR) achieved the highest accuracy (0.817), precision (0.444), specificity (0.981), AUC-ROC (0.751), and AUC-PR (0.357). However, WLR exhibited low recall (0.070). In contrast, the random forest (RF) model achieved the highest recall (0.687) and F1-score (0.460) on the test data, indicating greater sensitivity in identifying individuals with hypertension. Additionally, age, BMI, sex, family size, and educational level were identified as the most important predictors among the variables included in the study. CONCLUSION: Hypertension is common in Bangladesh, with higher prevalence in women and significant association with socio-demographic determinants. Although WLR demonstrated the highest accuracy, precision, specificity, and AUC-PR, its low recall limits its utility for identifying individuals with hypertension. RF may be more suitable for public health applications because of its higher recall and F1-score; however, further external validation and assessment of its clinical utility are required before implementation. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Chandra et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Chandra, Shawrab AU - Chandra S AD - Department of Statistics and Data Science, University of Barishal, Barishal, Bangladesh. FAU - Molla, Md Maeen AU - Molla MM AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-9315-7338 AD - Department of Statistics, Pirojpur Science and Technology University, Pirojpur, Bangladesh. FAU - Islam, Samiul AU - Islam S AD - Department of Statistics and Data Science, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh. FAU - Rahaman, Md Matiur AU - Rahaman MM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9799-9364 AD - Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science, Gopalganj Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Bangladesh. FAU - Ali, Mohammad AU - Ali M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0279-1972 AD - Statistics Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh. FAU - Ali, Md Ayub AU - Ali MA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5113-0054 AD - Department of Statistics and Data Science, University of Barishal, Barishal, Bangladesh. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260917 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - *Hypertension/epidemiology/diagnosis MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Deep Learning MH - Bangladesh/epidemiology MH - Risk Factors MH - Male MH - Adult MH - Predictive Learning Models MH - Middle Aged MH - Random Forest MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Prevalence MH - Boosting Machine Learning Algorithms MH - *Machine Learning MH - Prediction Algorithms MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Classification Algorithms MH - Logistic Models MH - ROC Curve PMC - PMC13585235 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/09/17 18:32 MHDA- 2026/09/17 18:33 PMCR- 2026/09/17 CRDT- 2026/09/17 15:52 PHST- 2025/10/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/17 18:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/17 18:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/17 15:52 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-25-55897 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0358471 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 Sep 17;21(9):e0358471. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0358471. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42752205 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261007 LR - 20261024 IS - 2165-0497 (Electronic) IS - 2165-0497 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct 6 TI - Multi-omics insights into growth impairment mechanisms in children with persistent diarrhea. PG - e0390525 LID - 10.1128/spectrum.03905-25 [doi] LID - e03905-25 AB - This study aimed to elucidate the key mechanisms underlying short stature with pediatric persistent diarrhea in children (PDC) and to propose an integrated model linking the butyrate-producing gut microbial niche, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), Th17/Treg balance, the growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor 1 (GH-IGF-1) axis, and growth regulation. Samples from healthy controls (HCs), PDC patients without short stature (PDC-NS), and PDC patients with short stature (PDC-S) were analyzed using multi-omics profiling and machine learning-based predictive modeling. The results showed that PDC-S patients exhibited disruption of core butyrate-producing bacterial communities and related metabolic pathways, markedly reduced fecal butyrate levels, systemic Th17/Treg imbalance characterized by a pro-inflammatory state, and dual suppression of receptor- and ligand-level components of the GH-IGF-1 axis. Multi-omics machine learning identified a five-factor risk prediction panel composed of metabolic, immune, and endocrine markers, while causal inference further established butyrate as a central regulator of growth. Mouse experiments further validated that combined intervention with butyrate, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, and recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) ameliorated growth retardation. Overall, this study proposes a precision therapeutic strategy based on butyrate and GH co-intervention, providing new mechanistic insights and translational tools for PDC-associated short stature. IMPORTANCE: The research conducted in this study holds significant implications for improving the understanding and treatment of stunted growth with persistent diarrhea in children (PDC). By unraveling the intricate pathways linking gut microbiota, immune responses, and growth hormone regulation, the study sheds light on the underlying mechanisms contributing to stunting in these vulnerable populations. The identification of key factors, such as butyrate-producing bacteria and the Th17/Treg balance, not only enhances our comprehension of PDC-related growth impairment but also offers a promising avenue for targeted interventions. The proposed integrated mechanistic model and intervention strategy pave the way for precision therapies tailored to address the specific biological mechanisms at play, potentially leading to more effective and personalized treatments for children suffering from PDC-associated stunting. FAU - Shen, Jian AU - Shen J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9332-5389 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China. RINGGOLD: 66322. ROR: https://ror.org/00z27jk27 FAU - Yan, Junle AU - Yan J AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China. RINGGOLD: 66322. ROR: https://ror.org/00z27jk27 FAU - Yuan, Ying AU - Yuan Y AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China. RINGGOLD: 66322. ROR: https://ror.org/00z27jk27 FAU - Le, Lilin AU - Le L AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China. RINGGOLD: 66322. ROR: https://ror.org/00z27jk27 FAU - Xu, Juan AU - Xu J AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China. RINGGOLD: 66322. ROR: https://ror.org/00z27jk27 FAU - Chen, Bailu AU - Chen B AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China. RINGGOLD: 66322. ROR: https://ror.org/00z27jk27 FAU - Liu, Xiaoying AU - Liu X AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China. RINGGOLD: 66322. ROR: https://ror.org/00z27jk27 FAU - Chen, Huijie AU - Chen H AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China. RINGGOLD: 66322. ROR: https://ror.org/00z27jk27 FAU - Chen, Lijun AU - Chen L AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China. RINGGOLD: 66322. ROR: https://ror.org/00z27jk27 FAU - Yi, Meixiang AU - Yi M AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China. RINGGOLD: 66322. ROR: https://ror.org/00z27jk27 FAU - Lyu, Jiajia AU - Lyu J AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China. RINGGOLD: 66322. ROR: https://ror.org/00z27jk27 FAU - Diao, Jun AU - Diao J AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China. RINGGOLD: 66322. ROR: https://ror.org/00z27jk27 FAU - Zhang, Xinlin AU - Zhang X AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China. RINGGOLD: 66322. ROR: https://ror.org/00z27jk27 FAU - Zhao, Yinqiu AU - Zhao Y AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China. RINGGOLD: 66322. ROR: https://ror.org/00z27jk27 FAU - Chen, Jingru AU - Chen J AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China. RINGGOLD: 66322. ROR: https://ror.org/00z27jk27 LA - eng GR - E4-H200210199/Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine General Program/ GR - ZY(2021-2023)-0206-03/Shanghai Municipal Health Commission Three-Year Action Plan for TCM Development/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260917 PL - United States TA - Microbiol Spectr JT - Microbiology spectrum JID - 101634614 RN - 0 (Fatty Acids, Volatile) RN - 0 (Butyrates) RN - 67763-96-6 (Insulin-Like Growth Factor I) RN - 12629-01-5 (Human Growth Hormone) RN - 9002-72-6 (Growth Hormone) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Diarrhea/microbiology/complications/metabolism MH - Animals MH - Multiomics MH - Child MH - Fatty Acids, Volatile/metabolism MH - Butyrates/metabolism MH - *Growth Disorders/microbiology/metabolism MH - Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/metabolism MH - Male MH - Mice MH - Female MH - Feces/microbiology/chemistry MH - Gastrointestinal Microbiome MH - Child, Preschool MH - T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology MH - Human Growth Hormone/metabolism MH - Th17 Cells/immunology MH - Faecalibacterium prausnitzii/physiology MH - Machine Learning MH - Growth Hormone MH - Bacteria/classification/genetics/isolation & purification/metabolism PMC - PMC13689471 OTO - NOTNLM OT - T helper 17 cells/regulatory T-cell balance OT - butyrate OT - growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor 1 axis OT - machine learning OT - multi-omics OT - persistent diarrhea in children OT - short-chain fatty acids OT - stunting COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/17 18:33 MHDA- 2026/10/07 05:31 PMCR- 2026/09/17 CRDT- 2026/09/17 15:30 PHST- 2026/10/07 05:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/17 18:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/17 15:30 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - spectrum03905-25 [pii] AID - spectrum.03905-25 [pii] AID - 10.1128/spectrum.03905-25 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Microbiol Spectr. 2026 Oct 6;14(10):e0390525. doi: 10.1128/spectrum.03905-25. Epub 2026 Sep 17. PMID- 42751864 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260917 LR - 20260923 IS - 1365-2060 (Electronic) IS - 0785-3890 (Print) IS - 0785-3890 (Linking) VI - 58 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Dec TI - Association of body mass index with postoperative pulmonary complications and potential explanatory pathways in paediatric scoliosis correction surgery: a multicentre cohort study. PG - 2731716 LID - 10.1080/07853890.2026.2731716 [doi] LID - 2731716 AB - BACKGROUND: Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) contribute substantially to morbidity after paediatric scoliosis correction surgery, but the relationship between preoperative body mass index (BMI) and PPCs remains uncertain. We evaluated this association and explored potential explanatory pathways and the incremental predictive value of BMI. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 1,165 patients from three Chinese tertiary hospitals. Associations between BMI and the composite PPC outcome were evaluated using multivariable regression. An orthogonalized causal forest estimated the average partial effect of continuous BMI on PPC probability, and variation in model-derived partial-effect predictions across sex and preoperative Cobb-angle strata was examined descriptively. Exploratory pathway analyses considered the Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI), intraoperative blood loss, and fusion levels. At the completion of surgery, the incremental predictive value of BMI was assessed using an elastic-net model developed in centres 1 and 3 and externally validated in centre 2. RESULTS: PPCs occurred in 321 patients (27.55%). In the primary preoperative-adjusted model, each 1-kg/m(2) higher BMI was associated with lower odds of PPCs (aOR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.83-0.91; p < 0.001). A secondary exploratory perioperative-adjusted model yielded a similar estimate (aOR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.81-0.89; p < 0.001). Compared with normal weight, thinness was associated with higher odds of PPCs (aOR, 4.26; 95% CI, 2.74-6.67; p < 0.001), whereas overweight was associated with lower odds (aOR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.34-0.91; p = 0.022). The causal forest yielded an inverse average partial-effect estimate for BMI (-0.031; 95% CI, -0.037 to -0.025; p < 0.001). Exploratory pathway analyses suggested small indirect components through PNI, blood loss, and fusion levels. Adding BMI increased the external-validation AUC from 0.658 to 0.703 (p < 0.001), representing a modest improvement in discrimination. CONCLUSIONS: Higher preoperative BMI was associated with lower odds of PPCs, with a concordant inverse causal-forest estimate under its identification assumptions. Low BMI or thinness may serve as a preoperative risk marker, while the examined pathways accounted for only small proportions of the association. At the end-of-surgery prediction time point, adding BMI provided modest incremental predictive value, although the model's external performance was modest and further prospective validation is required. FAU - Shi, Weihai AU - Shi W AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. AD - Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Zhu, Shouqiang AU - Zhu S AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. AD - Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Wang, Yan AU - Wang Y AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. AD - Drum Tower Clinical Medical School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Sun, Yanhua AU - Sun Y AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Zheng, Zhiying AU - Zheng Z AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. AD - Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Liu, Peiyu AU - Liu P AD - Department of Operating Room, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Zhang, Ruocui AU - Zhang R AD - Post-Anesthesia Care Unit, Department of Anesthesiology and Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China. FAU - Xia, Tianjiao AU - Xia T AD - Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Ma, Lulu AU - Ma L AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China. FAU - Li, Min AU - Li M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4853-4258 AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China. FAU - Bo, Jinhua AU - Bo J AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Gu, Xiaoping AU - Gu X AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. AD - Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study DEP - 20260917 PL - England TA - Ann Med JT - Annals of medicine JID - 8906388 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Scoliosis/surgery MH - Female MH - *Body Mass Index MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Postoperative Complications/epidemiology/etiology MH - Male MH - Child MH - *Lung Diseases/etiology/epidemiology MH - Adolescent MH - China/epidemiology MH - Spinal Fusion/adverse effects MH - Risk Factors MH - Blood Loss, Surgical/statistics & numerical data PMC - PMC13587573 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Body mass index OT - paediatric scoliosis OT - postoperative pulmonary complications OT - scoliosis surgery COIS- No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors. EDAT- 2026/09/17 15:37 MHDA- 2026/09/17 15:38 PMCR- 2026/09/17 CRDT- 2026/09/17 07:27 PHST- 2026/09/17 15:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/17 15:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/17 07:27 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2731716 [pii] AID - 10.1080/07853890.2026.2731716 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Ann Med. 2026 Dec;58(1):2731716. doi: 10.1080/07853890.2026.2731716. Epub 2026 Sep 17. PMID- 42751489 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260917 LR - 20260918 IS - 2624-9367 (Electronic) IS - 2624-9367 (Linking) VI - 8 DP - 2026 TI - Explainable machine learning for age-specific talent identification in Chinese youth football. PG - 1912796 LID - 10.3389/fspor.2026.1912796 [doi] LID - 1912796 AB - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: To identify elite youth football players in China, we developed an interpretable machine learning model. METHODS: We modeled each age group separately to track changes in predictive factors across different age groups. A cross-sectional analysis included 398 players from the 2024 Yunnan Football Association Elite Training Camp (U8 to U12). All participants underwent a multidimensional assessment covering anthropometric, physical, technical, psychological, and match performance dimensions. In our prediction model, coaches' selection of provincial elite players was used as the outcome variable. Three classifiers: XGBoost, Random Forest, and Logistic Regression, were trained with hyperparameter tuning and 5-fold cross-validation. Then we used SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) to interpret our models. RESULTS: The best-performing model demonstrated high discriminative ability (test set ROC-AUC: 0.900-0.957). SHAP analysis indicated that dribbling speed and standing long jump consistently mattered at all ages, while sprint performance were especially important for the U8 and U10 groups. Notably, for U12 males, left-foot shooting skill was the strongest predictor, while for U12 females, tactical awareness during matches emerged as most important. Psychological traits contributed little predictive value. When we applied retrospectively to national selection data, the U12M model showed fair agreement (K = 0.269) but identified 40%-47% of national elites and highlighted several overlooked high-potential players. CI - (c) 2026 Tong, Bi, Li, Chen, Liu and Chen. FAU - Tong, Yan AU - Tong Y AD - School of Physical Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, China. FAU - Bi, Jingyi AU - Bi J AD - School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China. FAU - Li, Shixin AU - Li S AD - Kunming Institute of Zoology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. FAU - Chen, Luohang AU - Chen L AD - School of Physical Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, China. FAU - Liu, Chun AU - Liu C AD - School of Physical Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, China. FAU - Chen, Hengxin AU - Chen H AD - School of Physical Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260902 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Sports Act Living JT - Frontiers in sports and active living JID - 101765780 PMC - PMC13579789 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Chinese athletes OT - explainable machine learning OT - predictive modeling OT - talent identification OT - youth football COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/17 15:39 MHDA- 2026/09/17 15:40 PMCR- 2026/09/02 CRDT- 2026/09/17 06:59 PHST- 2026/06/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/17 15:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/17 15:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/17 06:59 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fspor.2026.1912796 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Sports Act Living. 2026 Sep 2;8:1912796. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2026.1912796. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42750879 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260917 LR - 20260918 IS - 2666-5352 (Electronic) IS - 2666-5352 (Linking) VI - 12 DP - 2026 Dec TI - Effectiveness of the digital parental-family-centered program for problematic gaming and screen use in a clinical child and adolescent population. PG - 100848 LID - 10.1016/j.puhip.2026.100848 [doi] LID - 100848 AB - OBJECTIVES: Problematic gaming and screen use may be associated with psychosocial, academic, and mental-health difficulties in children. The digital Parental-Family-Centered Program (P-FAME) is a brief, digitally delivered, parent-focused program developed in Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services. This study examined its feasibility and preliminary associations with change in child screen time, family functioning, and parental stress over time. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective single-group pre-post feasibility study. METHODS: Twenty-nine parents of 22 children (mean child age 10.6 years) participated in three online group sessions delivered over five weeks. Standardized measures were administered at baseline and post-intervention, including Screens-Q (screen time and rules), SCORE-15 (family functioning), and the Parental Stress Scale (PSS). Linear mixed-effects models accounting for clustering within families estimated change from pre-intervention to post-intervention. RESULTS: From baseline to post-intervention, children's weekly screen time decreased (adjusted mean difference: -1400 min/week, p < .001; d = -1.81), as did parental stress (p = .036; d = -0.63). The PSS stress subscale also decreased (p = .048, d = 0.59). No statistically significant changes were observed in overall family functioning or parental satisfaction. Child ADHD diagnosis and age did not significantly moderate the observed changes. CONCLUSIONS: In this uncontrolled clinical study, participation in P-FAME was associated with lower child screen time and parental stress. The findings provide preliminary feasibility and outcome signals that require confirmation in adequately powered controlled studies with longer follow-up and broader implementation measures. CI - (c) 2026 The Authors. FAU - Claesdotter-Knutsson, Emma AU - Claesdotter-Knutsson E AD - Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. AD - Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Regional Outpatient Care, Skane University Hospital, Lund, Region Skane, Sweden. FAU - Wilts, Sophie AU - Wilts S AD - Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. AD - Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Regional Outpatient Care, Skane University Hospital, Lund, Region Skane, Sweden. AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Werner, Marie AU - Werner M AD - Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. AD - Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Regional Outpatient Care, Skane University Hospital, Lund, Region Skane, Sweden. FAU - Andre, Frida AU - Andre F AD - Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. AD - Primary Health Care, Region Dalarna, Sweden. FAU - Andersson, Mitchell J AU - Andersson MJ AD - Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. AD - Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Regional Outpatient Care, Skane University Hospital, Lund, Region Skane, Sweden. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260824 PL - England TA - Public Health Pract (Oxf) JT - Public health in practice (Oxford, England) JID - 101774776 PMC - PMC13579036 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Digital intervention OT - Family intervention OT - Problematic gaming OT - Problematic screen use COIS- The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/09/17 15:36 MHDA- 2026/09/17 15:37 PMCR- 2026/08/24 CRDT- 2026/09/17 05:13 PHST- 2026/04/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/17 15:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/17 15:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/17 05:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2666-5352(26)00127-8 [pii] AID - 100848 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.puhip.2026.100848 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Public Health Pract (Oxf). 2026 Aug 24;12:100848. doi: 10.1016/j.puhip.2026.100848. eCollection 2026 Dec. PMID- 42750024 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260917 LR - 20260919 IS - 1471-2431 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2431 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Aug 26 TI - Pancreatic steatosis is associated with exocrine pancreatic dysfunction in children with MASLD: a prospective cross-sectional study. LID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07464-4 [doi] LID - 879 AB - OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between pancreatic steatosis and fecal elastase (FE) levels in children with hepatic steatosis, compare clinical, metabolic, and imaging findings according to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) status, and determine whether this relationship persists within children with MASLD. METHODS: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the Pediatric Gastroenterology and Pediatric Endocrinology Departments of Kayseri City Hospital. Participants were classified according to the presence of MASLD. Clinical characteristics, anthropometric measurements, metabolic parameters, ultrasonographic findings, and FE levels were compared between groups. FE levels were categorized as normal (> 200 microg/g), low (100-200 microg/g), and severely low (< 100 microg/g). For binary analyses, low FE was defined as /=95th percentile (OR: 3.31, 95% CI: 1.24-8.87, p = 0.017) were independently associated with low FE levels. Within the MASLD group, pancreatic steatosis grade was significantly associated with low FE levels. Pancreatic steatosis grade showed the highest discriminatory performance for low FE levels among the evaluated parameters (AUC = 0.76). CONCLUSIONS: Pancreatic steatosis was more frequent in children with MASLD, and its severity was associated with low FE levels both in the overall cohort and within the MASLD group. Imaging-based pancreatic findings showed moderate discriminatory performance for low FE levels but should not be interpreted as validated diagnostic thresholds. Pancreatic steatosis may represent a clinically relevant feature of pediatric MASLD in relation to possible subclinical alterations in exocrine pancreatic function. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Daldaban Sarica, Buket AU - Daldaban Sarica B AD - Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Health Sciences, Kayseri City Hospital, Kayseri, Turkiye. buketdaldaban@gmail.com. FAU - Gumus, Ummugulsum Ozgul AU - Gumus UO AD - Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, University of Health Sciences, Kayseri City Hospital, Kayseri, Turkiye. FAU - Kara, Leyla AU - Kara L AD - Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, University of Health Sciences, Kayseri City Hospital, Kayseri, Turkiye. FAU - Gok, Ebru AU - Gok E AD - Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, University of Health Sciences, Kayseri City Hospital, Kayseri, Turkiye. FAU - Koca, Serkan Bilge AU - Koca SB AD - Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, University of Health Sciences, Kayseri City Hospital, Kayseri, Turkiye. FAU - Kirkgoz, Tarik AU - Kirkgoz T AD - Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, University of Health Sciences, Kayseri City Hospital, Kayseri, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260826 PL - England TA - BMC Pediatr JT - BMC pediatrics JID - 100967804 RN - EC 3.4.21.36 (Pancreatic Elastase) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Prospective Studies MH - Male MH - Female MH - Child MH - *Pancreatic Elastase/analysis/metabolism MH - *Pancreatic Diseases/complications/etiology MH - Feces/enzymology/chemistry MH - *Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency/etiology MH - *Pancreas, Exocrine/physiopathology MH - Adolescent MH - Ultrasonography PMC - PMC13584307 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Fecal elastase OT - Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease OT - Pancreatic exocrine function OT - Pancreatic fat infiltration COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical approval for this study was granted by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Kayseri City Hospital on January 14, 2026, with approval decision number 752. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki (1964), as revised in 2013. Written informed consent to participate was obtained from the participants' parents or legal guardians; specifically, parental or legal guardian consent was obtained for every participant younger than 16 years. Consent for publication: Not appilicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/09/17 05:35 MHDA- 2026/09/17 05:36 PMCR- 2026/08/26 CRDT- 2026/09/16 23:55 PHST- 2026/05/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/17 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/17 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/16 23:55 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07464-4 [pii] AID - 7464 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07464-4 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pediatr. 2026 Aug 26;26(1):879. doi: 10.1186/s12887-026-07464-4. PMID- 42749612 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261007 LR - 20261007 IS - 1871-403X (Print) IS - 1871-403X (Linking) VI - 20 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Sep-Oct TI - Urinary metabolomic profiling reveals distinct metabolic characteristics in children with overweight and obesity. PG - 409-417 LID - S1871-403X(26)00087-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.orcp.2026.09.003 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Childhood obesity is a critical global public health problem. Untargeted metabolomics can identify metabolic alterations associated with childhood obesity, but pediatric evidence remains limited. This study characterized urinary metabolic profiles associated with overweight and obesity in children. METHODS: A total of 120 first-grade primary school children were selected. The population comprised 40 children with normal weight, 40 children with overweight, and 40 children with obesity, with equal sex distribution in each group. Urinary metabolic profiles were analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomics, followed by multivariate analysis, differential feature analysis, pathway enrichment analysis, and ROC analysis. RESULTS: Compared with children with normal weight, children with overweight showed 69 differential metabolic features (40 upregulated and 29 downregulated), whereas children with obesity showed 193 (161 upregulated and 32 downregulated). Three of 37 and 15 of 83 pathways, respectively, met the exploratory criteria of raw P < 0.05 and pathway impact > 0.01. After FDR correction, two and four pathways remained statistically significant, respectively. Phenylalanine metabolism (FDR=0.015 and 0.001, respectively) and phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis (FDR=0.036 and 0.012, respectively) were significant in both comparisons with the normal-weight group. Thirteen metabolic features showed discriminatory potential between children with obesity and children with normal weight, with N-acetyl-D-glucosamine showing an AUC of 0.889 (95% CI: 0.821-0.958). CONCLUSION: This study characterized urinary metabolic alterations and enriched pathways associated with overweight and obesity in children compared with normal weight. Several candidate metabolic features showed exploratory discriminatory potential but require targeted confirmation and independent validation. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Asia Oceania Association for the Study of Obesity. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Chen, Yingzi AU - Chen Y AD - Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Wen, Xiaosa AU - Wen X AD - Minhang District Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China. FAU - He, Guanhao AU - He G AD - Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Yu, Dan AU - Yu D AD - Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Xu, Su AU - Xu S AD - Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Ruan, Zengliang AU - Ruan Z AD - Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: rzl@seu.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260917 PL - Netherlands TA - Obes Res Clin Pract JT - Obesity research & clinical practice JID - 101303911 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 47E5O17Y3R (Phenylalanine) RN - 8DUH1N11BX (Tryptophan) RN - 42HK56048U (Tyrosine) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Metabolomics/methods MH - *Pediatric Obesity/urine/metabolism MH - *Overweight/urine MH - *Metabolome MH - Body Mass Index MH - Biomarkers/urine MH - Phenylalanine/urine MH - Tryptophan/urine MH - Chromatography, Liquid MH - Tyrosine/urine OTO - NOTNLM OT - Childhood obesity OT - Metabolic pathways OT - Overweight OT - Untargeted metabolomics OT - Urinary metabolomics COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper EDAT- 2026/09/16 23:34 MHDA- 2026/10/07 23:30 CRDT- 2026/09/16 22:05 PHST- 2026/01/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/07 23:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/16 23:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/16 22:05 [entrez] AID - S1871-403X(26)00087-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.orcp.2026.09.003 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Obes Res Clin Pract. 2026 Sep-Oct;20(5):409-417. doi: 10.1016/j.orcp.2026.09.003. Epub 2026 Sep 17. PMID- 42747779 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261007 LR - 20261010 IS - 1708-0428 (Electronic) IS - 0960-8923 (Linking) VI - 36 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Ethical Dimensions of Bariatric Surgery: A Narrative Review of Principles, Challenges, and Practice Implications. PG - 5498-5509 LID - 10.1007/s11695-026-08933-6 [doi] AB - Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is among the most effective interventions for severe obesity, with contemporary outcomes best reported as percentage total weight loss (%TWL), yet it raises ethical challenges distinct from many other surgical disciplines. This SANRA-guided narrative review synthesizes ethical issues across the adult bariatric patient journey using Beauchamp and Childress' four principles: autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice. Key tensions include safeguarding consent validity amid obesity stigma and desperation bias; balancing patient autonomy with assessment of co-occurring psychiatric conditions, including a reported five-year cumulative incidence of new alcohol use disorder symptoms of approximately 21% after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass; addressing long-term nutritional, psychological, and follow-up obligations; adapting communication for collectivist contexts; and engaging the implications of obesity management medications, telemedicine, and artificial intelligence. Ethical bariatric practice requires multimodal consent, individualized multidisciplinary candidacy assessment, equity-oriented access policies, and durable systems for long-term postoperative care. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Soltani, Hamid Reza AU - Soltani HR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5045-978X AD - Department of General Surgery, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Islamic Republic of Iran. hrsgmed@yahoo.com. FAU - Toolabi, Karamollah AU - Toolabi K AD - Department of Minimally Invasive and Bariatric Surgery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran. FAU - Sadat-Safavi, Seyed Abbas AU - Sadat-Safavi SA AD - Department of Minimally Invasive and Bariatric Surgery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran. FAU - Najjari, Khosrow AU - Najjari K AD - Department of Minimally Invasive and Bariatric Surgery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran. FAU - Latif, Amirhossein AU - Latif A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8248-7662 AD - Department of Minimally Invasive and Bariatric Surgery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260916 PL - United States TA - Obes Surg JT - Obesity surgery JID - 9106714 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Bariatric Surgery/ethics MH - *Obesity, Morbid/surgery/psychology MH - Personal Autonomy MH - Informed Consent/ethics MH - Beneficence MH - Social Stigma MH - Ethical Dilemmas OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bariatric surgery OT - Ethics, medical OT - Health equity OT - Informed consent OT - Metabolic surgery OT - Obesity OT - Personal autonomy OT - Social stigma COIS- Declarations. Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate: This study is a narrative review of previously published literature and did not involve human participants, animal subjects, or identifiable patient data. Accordingly, ethical approval was not required, and no patient consent was obtained. Consent for Publication: Not applicable. Patient and Public Involvement Statement: Patients and members of the public were not directly involved in this narrative review. Future empirical and consensus-based work should include patient and public involvement to ensure that bariatric ethics frameworks reflect patient priorities, decisional experiences, follow-up barriers, and perceptions of equitable care. AI Tool Use Disclosure: AI-assisted writing tools were used during the preparation of this manuscript for language editing and structural refinement. All intellectual content, interpretation, and conclusions are the sole responsibility of the authors. The authors have reviewed and take full responsibility for the final text. Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Clinical Trial Registration: Not applicable. EDAT- 2026/09/16 17:36 MHDA- 2026/10/07 17:33 CRDT- 2026/09/16 11:41 PHST- 2026/06/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/10/07 17:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/16 17:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/16 11:41 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s11695-026-08933-6 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s11695-026-08933-6 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Obes Surg. 2026 Oct;36(10):5498-5509. doi: 10.1007/s11695-026-08933-6. Epub 2026 Sep 16. PMID- 42747402 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260916 IS - 1876-3405 (Electronic) IS - 1876-3405 (Linking) DP - 2026 Sep 16 TI - An exploratory study to describe the growth and neurodevelopmental status of low birthweight infants in the context of a community-based mother-to-mother peer support implementation program in Kenya. LID - ihag076 [pii] LID - 10.1093/inthealth/ihag076 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: This article examines changes in mothers' knowledge of low birthweight (LBW; <2500 g) infant care practices in a study assessing the feasibility and acceptability of peer mother support post-discharge, explores the acceptability of the intervention among mothers and healthcare workers and describes the post-intervention growth and neurodevelopmental status of the LBW infants. METHODS: A mixed methods exploratory study, using questionnaires, semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions with mothers, healthcare providers and peer mothers was conducted in three health facilities in Homa Bay County, western Kenya. Peer mothers delivered the interventions (including breastfeeding support) to mother-LBW infant pairs at 24 h post-discharge and six other time points until 3 months after birth. Infant anthropometric assessments were done at birth, discharge and 3 months after birth, while neurodevelopmental assessment was done only at 3 months using the Malawi Developmental Assessment Tool. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the quantitative data. A thematic framework was used to analyse the qualitative data. RESULTS: Sixty mother-LBW infant pairs were enrolled in the study, but only 55 were included in the analysis because 5 mothers and their LBW infants were lost to follow-up. The median birthweight was 2050 g, median discharge weight was 2100 g and median weight gain 3 months after birth was 2820 g. The weight-for-age z-scores increased by 0.3 from birth to 3 months; similarly, the weight-for-length z-score increased by approximately 0.2. However, the length for age Z-score decreased by 0.3. At 3 months, 96% (n=53) of LBW infants had achieved their gross motor, 71% (n=42) fine motor, 89% (n=49) language and 100% social milestones. The intervention improved maternal knowledge and practice of recommended LBW infant care strategies, promoted resilience and enhanced family relationships. CONCLUSION: This exploratory study suggests that a mother-to-mother peer support intervention improved maternal knowledge, care practices and empowerment in the post-discharge care of LBW infants in a resource-limited setting. Further refinement and rigorous evaluation are needed to generate robust evidence on its effectiveness and impact on growth and neurodevelopmental outcomes. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. FAU - Nabwera, Helen M AU - Nabwera HM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1056-729X AD - Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK. AD - Aga Khan University, Centre of Excellence for Women and Child Health, P.O. Box 30270 - 00100, Nairobi, Kenya. FAU - Parekh, Meera AU - Parekh M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-5132-0220 AD - Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK. AD - University of Liverpool, Ashton Street, Liverpool L69 3GE, UK. FAU - Gaetean, Brezesky K AU - Gaetean BK AD - London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK. FAU - Achieng Were, Florence AU - Achieng Were F AD - KEMRI-Centre for Global Health Research, P.O. Box 1578-40100, Kisumu, Kenya. FAU - Agbla, Schadrac AU - Agbla S AD - University of Liverpool, Ashton Street, Liverpool L69 3GE, UK. AD - London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK. FAU - Barsosio, Hellen C AU - Barsosio HC AD - Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK. AD - KEMRI-Centre for Global Health Research, P.O. Box 1578-40100, Kisumu, Kenya. FAU - Tindi, Linda AU - Tindi L AD - Homa Bay County Teaching and Referral Hospital, 52-40300 Homa Bay, Kenya. FAU - Boga, Mwanamvua AU - Boga M AD - KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, P.O. Box 230-80108, Kilifi, Kenya. FAU - Kimani, Mary AU - Kimani M AD - Action Against Hunger, Old Dagoretti Estate Gate, off Ngong Road, Nairobi, Kenya. FAU - Juma, Dan AU - Juma D AD - KEMRI-Centre for Global Health Research, P.O. Box 1578-40100, Kisumu, Kenya. FAU - Kiige, Laura AU - Kiige L AD - UNICEF Kenya, P.O. Box 44145-00100, Nairobi, Kenya. FAU - Manu, Alexander AU - Manu A AD - Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK. FAU - Kariuki, Simon AU - Kariuki S AD - KEMRI-Centre for Global Health Research, P.O. Box 1578-40100, Kisumu, Kenya. FAU - Mwangome, Martha K AU - Mwangome MK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4806-1307 AD - KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, P.O. Box 230-80108, Kilifi, Kenya. FAU - Pyone, Thidar AU - Pyone T AD - Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK. FAU - Gladstone, Melissa AU - Gladstone M AD - University of Liverpool, Ashton Street, Liverpool L69 3GE, UK. FAU - Mathai, Matthews AU - Mathai M AD - Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK. LA - eng GR - Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine/ GR - UK Medical Research Council/ GR - MRC/ GR - FCDO/ GR - European Union/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260916 PL - England TA - Int Health JT - International health JID - 101517095 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Kenya OT - community-based interventions OT - low birthweight infants OT - neurodevelopment OT - peer mothers EDAT- 2026/09/16 11:41 MHDA- 2026/09/16 11:41 CRDT- 2026/09/16 10:44 PHST- 2025/06/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/16 11:41 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/16 11:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/16 10:44 [entrez] AID - 8802187 [pii] AID - 10.1093/inthealth/ihag076 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Int Health. 2026 Sep 16:ihag076. doi: 10.1093/inthealth/ihag076. PMID- 42744207 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261023 LR - 20261023 IS - 1532-3064 (Electronic) IS - 0954-6111 (Linking) VI - 263 DP - 2026 Nov TI - Identification of modifiable risk factors to prevent atopic wheeze in infants born to mothers with asthma: a cohort study. PG - 109154 LID - S0954-6111(26)00523-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.rmed.2026.109154 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Maternal asthma is the leading risk factor for children developing wheeze and allergic disease in early life. We aimed to describe atopic phenotypes in infants of mothers with asthma and assess which early-life factors were associated with these phenotypes. METHODS: Participants were part of the Breathing for Life Trial Birth Cohort, which recruited pregnant women with asthma prior to 23 weeks gestation (n = 549). Parents completed a validated questionnaire about their child's wheeze requiring healthcare utilization (hospitalization, emergency department visits, consultant referral and primary care visits for wheeze, asthma medication use), respiratory infections, eczema and rhinitis at 12 months of age. Latent class analysis was used to identify the atopic phenotypes among infants. Logistic regression assessed early-life risk factors including maternal characteristics, perinatal factors and environmental exposures. RESULTS: Three phenotypes were identified: low-atopy/low-wheeze (35.2%), atopic mild-wheeze (38.6%) and atopic high-wheeze (26.2%). Maternal obesity (aOR 3.22 95% CI 1.90, 5.44), smoking in pregnancy (aOR 2.60 95%CI 1.36, 4.97), asthma exacerbations in pregnancy (aOR 1.98 95%CI 1.30, 3.02), preterm birth (aOR 2.50 1.34, 4.66), and NICU admission (aOR 2.71 95%CI 1.14, 6.46) were associated with atopic high-wheeze compared to low-atopy/low-wheeze. Maternal obesity (aOR 2.02 95%CI 1.26, 3.24) and smoking in pregnancy (aOR 2.55 95%CI 1.37, 4.72) were associated with atopic mild-wheeze compared to low-atopy/low-wheeze. CONCLUSION: Multiple modifiable factors (maternal obesity, smoking and maternal asthma exacerbations) and adverse birth outcomes are associated with the severity of wheeze in infants of mothers with asthma, providing an opportunity for intervention to prevent later childhood asthma. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Liu, Jihong AU - Liu J AD - Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA. FAU - Brew, Bronwyn K AU - Brew BK AD - School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia; Asthma and Breathing Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia. Electronic address: bronwyn.brew@newcastle.edu.au. FAU - Zhao, Xingpei AU - Zhao X AD - Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA. FAU - Collison, Adam AU - Collison A AD - School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia; Asthma and Breathing Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia. FAU - Jensen, Megan E AU - Jensen ME AD - School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia; Asthma and Breathing Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia. FAU - Mattes, Joerg AU - Mattes J AD - School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia; Asthma and Breathing Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia; Department of Respiratory Medicine, John Hunter Children's Hospital, Newcastle, NSW, Australia. FAU - Robinson, Paul D AU - Robinson PD AD - Children's Health and Environment Program, Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, QLD, Australia; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Queensland Children's Hospital, QLD, Australia. FAU - Sly, Peter D AU - Sly PD AD - Children's Health and Environment Program, Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, QLD, Australia. FAU - Gibson, Peter G AU - Gibson PG AD - School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia; Asthma and Breathing Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia; Department of Respiratory & Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, NSW, Australia. FAU - Murphy, Vanessa E AU - Murphy VE AD - School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia; Asthma and Breathing Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260915 PL - England TA - Respir Med JT - Respiratory medicine JID - 8908438 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Asthma/complications/epidemiology MH - *Respiratory Sounds/etiology MH - Pregnancy MH - Risk Factors MH - Infant MH - Adult MH - *Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/prevention & control MH - Cohort Studies MH - Smoking/adverse effects MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Phenotype MH - *Pregnancy Complications/epidemiology MH - Male MH - Developmental Origins of Health and Disease MH - Mothers OTO - NOTNLM OT - Asthma OT - Infant OT - Maternal OT - Obesity OT - Phenotypes OT - Smoking OT - Wheeze COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests:Bronwyn Brew reports financial support was provided by National Health and Medical Research Council. Vanessa Murphy reports financial support was provided by Australian Government Medical Research Future Fund. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/09/15 23:35 MHDA- 2026/10/23 23:31 CRDT- 2026/09/15 19:21 PHST- 2026/03/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/23 23:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/15 23:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/15 19:21 [entrez] AID - S0954-6111(26)00523-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.rmed.2026.109154 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Respir Med. 2026 Nov;263:109154. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2026.109154. Epub 2026 Sep 15. PMID- 42743324 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260921 LR - 20260923 IS - 1935-2735 (Electronic) IS - 1935-2727 (Print) IS - 1935-2727 (Linking) VI - 20 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Fecal biomarkers to characterize intestinal inflammation among children with medically attended diarrhea across six low-resource settings: Findings from the Enterics for Global Health (EFGH) Shigella surveillance study. PG - e0014320 LID - 10.1371/journal.pntd.0014320 [doi] LID - e0014320 AB - BACKGROUND: Frequent enteric infections can damage the small intestine causing inflammation and malabsorption, leading to environmental enteric dysfunction. We aimed to characterize the association between intestinal inflammation and enteric pathogens among children in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) who presented to care with diarrhea. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPLE FINDINGS: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis within the Enterics for Global Health - Shigella surveillance study at six LMIC sites: Bangladesh, Kenya, Malawi, Pakistan, Peru, and The Gambia. From August 2022 to July 2024, rectal swabs and whole stool samples were collected from 4,903 children with medically attended diarrhea aged 6-35 months (44.4% females, n = 2178/4903; mean age: 15.4 months +/- 7.4 months) and were analyzed for Shigella and four fecal inflammatory biomarkers: hemoglobin, lipocalin-2, myeloperoxidase, and calprotectin via Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assays. Caregivers and clinicians demonstrated moderate accuracy in identifying blood in stool compared to fecal hemoglobin (area under the curve (AUC)=0.70). Among 10 pathogens evaluated, Shigella-attributable diarrhea had the highest concentrations of calprotectin, hemoglobin, and myeloperoxidase. Shigella culture-/PCR+ episodes had intermediate levels of inflammation between culture-/PCR- and culture+ episodes. In multivariable models restricted to Shigella episodes, dysentery was positively associated and vomiting was negatively associated with biomarker concentrations, with the strongest associations observed for hemoglobin (dysentery geometric mean ratio: 12.82 (95% CI: 7.21, 22.77) and vomiting geometric mean ratio: 0.45 (95% CI: 0.23, 0.86)). Age, sex, and both acute and chronic malnutrition were not associated with inflammatory biomarker concentrations. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Hemoglobin appeared to be a more sensitive marker of blood in stool than visual observation. While Shigella was associated with heightened levels of all inflammatory biomarkers, hemoglobin was most strongly associated with Shigella, especially among attributable and culture positive episodes. The distinct clinical characteristics of Shigella were most closely associated with elevated hemoglobin concentrations. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Horne et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Horne, Bri'Anna AU - Horne B AD - Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America. FAU - Otieno Onyando, Brian AU - Otieno Onyando B AD - Kenya Medical Research Institute, Center for Global Health Research, Kisumu, Kenya. FAU - Badji, Henry AU - Badji H AD - Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Banjul, The Gambia. FAU - Mujahid, Wardah AU - Mujahid W AD - Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan. FAU - Bhuiyan, Taufiqur Rahman AU - Bhuiyan TR AD - International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Bakali, Mutsai AU - Bakali M AD - Malawi-Liverpool-Welcome Trust, Blantyre, Malawi. FAU - Iqbal, Junaid AU - Iqbal J AD - Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan. FAU - Olortegui, Maribel Paredes AU - Olortegui MP AD - Asociacion Benefica PRISMA, Iquitos, Peru. FAU - Pavlinac, Patricia AU - Pavlinac P AD - Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America. FAU - Ceesay, Bubacar E AU - Ceesay BE AD - Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Banjul, The Gambia. FAU - Schultes, Olivia AU - Schultes O AD - Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America. FAU - Tennant, Sharon M AU - Tennant SM AD - Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America. FAU - Ogwel, Billy AU - Ogwel B AD - Kenya Medical Research Institute, Center for Global Health Research, Kisumu, Kenya. FAU - Witte, Desiree AU - Witte D AD - Malawi-Liverpool-Welcome Trust, Blantyre, Malawi. AD - Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom. FAU - Atlas, Hannah AU - Atlas H AD - Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America. FAU - Ahmed, Naveed AU - Ahmed N AD - Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan. FAU - Ochieng, John Benjamin AU - Ochieng JB AD - Kenya Medical Research Institute, Center for Global Health Research, Kisumu, Kenya. FAU - Sears, Khandra AU - Sears K AD - Baltimore City Community College, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America. FAU - Islam, Sadia AU - Islam S AD - International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Saidi, Queen AU - Saidi Q AD - Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America. FAU - Jallow, Samba Juma AU - Jallow SJ AD - Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Banjul, The Gambia. FAU - Hussain, Zarfishan AU - Hussain Z AD - Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan. FAU - Garcia Bardales, Paul AU - Garcia Bardales P AD - Asociacion Benefica PRISMA, Iquitos, Peru. FAU - Platts-Mills, James A AU - Platts-Mills JA AD - Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America. FAU - Omore, Richard AU - Omore R AD - Kenya Medical Research Institute, Center for Global Health Research, Kisumu, Kenya. FAU - Khanam, Farhana AU - Khanam F AD - International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Mosharraf, Md Parvel AU - Mosharraf MP AD - International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Secka, Ousman AU - Secka O AD - Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Banjul, The Gambia. FAU - Munthali, Vitumbiko AU - Munthali V AD - Malawi-Liverpool-Welcome Trust, Blantyre, Malawi. FAU - Kosek, Margaret N AU - Kosek MN AD - Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America. FAU - Ndalama, Maureen AU - Ndalama M AD - Malawi-Liverpool-Welcome Trust, Blantyre, Malawi. FAU - Cornick, Jen AU - Cornick J AD - Malawi-Liverpool-Welcome Trust, Blantyre, Malawi. AD - Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom. FAU - Yousafzai, Md Tahir AU - Yousafzai MT AD - Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan. AD - School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. FAU - Hossain, Md Jahangir AU - Hossain MJ AD - Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Banjul, The Gambia. FAU - Sonye, Catherine AU - Sonye C AD - Kenya Medical Research Institute, Center for Global Health Research, Kisumu, Kenya. FAU - Qadri, Firdausi AU - Qadri F AD - International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Rogawski McQuade, Elizabeth T AU - Rogawski McQuade ET AD - Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America. FAU - Brennhofer, Stephanie A AU - Brennhofer SA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9914-4471 AD - Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America. LA - eng GR - INV-036891/Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation/United States GR - INV-031791/Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation/United States GR - INV-016650/Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation/United States GR - INV-028721/Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation/United States GR - INV-036892/Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation/United States GR - INV-041730/Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260915 PL - United States TA - PLoS Negl Trop Dis JT - PLoS neglected tropical diseases JID - 101291488 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Hemoglobins) RN - 0 (Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex) RN - 0 (Lipocalin-2) RN - EC 1.11.1.7 (Peroxidase) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Biomarkers/analysis MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Infant MH - Male MH - *Feces/chemistry/microbiology MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Diarrhea/microbiology/epidemiology MH - *Dysentery, Bacillary/epidemiology/microbiology/diagnosis MH - Shigella/isolation & purification MH - Hemoglobins/analysis MH - Peru MH - Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex/analysis MH - Inflammation MH - Lipocalin-2/analysis MH - Peroxidase/analysis PMC - PMC13592711 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/09/15 18:07 MHDA- 2026/09/21 17:47 PMCR- 2026/09/15 CRDT- 2026/09/15 14:13 PHST- 2026/04/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/21 17:47 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/15 18:07 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/15 14:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PNTD-D-26-00837 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pntd.0014320 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2026 Sep 15;20(9):e0014320. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0014320. eCollection 2026 Sep. PMID- 42743207 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260915 LR - 20260917 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 9 DP - 2026 TI - Performance evaluation of a direct chemiluminescence assay for 25-hydroxyvitamin D and its application in assessing vitamin D status among reproductive-age women in southeastern China. PG - e0356809 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0356809 [doi] LID - e0356809 AB - BACKGROUND: Vitamin D deficiency is a global public health concern, and women of reproductive age represent a particularly vulnerable population. Accurate measurement of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] is therefore essential for reliable clinical assessment. This study aimed to evaluate the analytical performance of the Innodx vitamin D assay for 25(OH)D measurement and to investigate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among women of reproductive age in southeastern China. METHODS: This cross-sectional study enrolled women of reproductive age (20-45 years) who sought medical services at Xiamen Maternal and Child Health Hospital in China between November 2023 and September 2025. Serum 25(OH)D levels were measured to determine vitamin D status using the Innodx vitamin D assay (Xiamen Innodx Biotech Co., Ltd., Xiamen, China). The analytical performance of the assay was validated according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines, covering precision, accuracy, linearity, and interference. A method comparison was performed against liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and the Roche electrochemiluminescence assay. Based on the measured levels, vitamin D status was categorized as deficient (< 20 ng/mL), insufficient (>/=20, < 30 ng/mL), or sufficient (>/= 30 ng/mL). RESULTS: The intra-assay coefficients of variation (CV) were 3.18%, 2.09%, and 1.86% at three concentration levels (5, 25, and 100 ng/mL), while intermediate precision CVs were 4.34%, 3.64%, and 3.17%, respectively. Accuracy testing showed bias of 4.20% and 3.26% at 20 and 50 ng/mL. The assay demonstrated excellent linearity (R2 = 0.998) across the range of 4.0-150.0 ng/mL. No significant interference was observed from hemoglobin (100 mg/dL), bilirubin (40 mg/dL), triglycerides (400 mg/dL), or rheumatoid factor (600 IU/mL). In method comparison with LC-MS/MS, the Innodx vitamin D assay demonstrated strong concordance with a Pearson correlation coefficient of r = 0.970. When compared with the Roche vitamin D assay, the Innodx showed better correlation with LC-MS/MS. Among 495 women, the mean 25(OH)D concentration was 20.50 +/- 7.88 ng/mL, with 88.9% (95% CI: 86.1%, 91.7%) having vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency. Women aged 35 years: 23.72 +/- 8.56 ng/mL) (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The Innodx vitamin D chemiluminescence assay demonstrated satisfactory analytical performance for clinical use. Our findings reveal a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among reproductive-age women in southeastern China, particularly in younger age groups, highlighting the need for public health interventions. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Zhu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Zhu, Min AU - Zhu M AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fujian Key Clinical Specialty of Laboratory Medicine, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China. FAU - Chen, Tianhua AU - Chen T AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fujian Key Clinical Specialty of Laboratory Medicine, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China. FAU - Cao, Jiali AU - Cao J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6286-5574 AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fujian Key Clinical Specialty of Laboratory Medicine, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China. FAU - Luo, Linhua AU - Luo L AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fujian Key Clinical Specialty of Laboratory Medicine, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China. FAU - Lin, Minchuan AU - Lin M AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fujian Key Clinical Specialty of Laboratory Medicine, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China. FAU - Huang, Haiying AU - Huang H AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fujian Key Clinical Specialty of Laboratory Medicine, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China. FAU - Xu, Weiwei AU - Xu W AD - Medical Laboratory of Xiamen Humanity Hospital Fujian Medical University, Xiamen, China. FAU - Li, Lihua AU - Li L AD - Xiamen Innodx Biotech Co., Ltd, Xiamen, China. FAU - Xie, Hongbin AU - Xie H AD - Department of Health Management, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China. FAU - Chen, Xiaoli AU - Chen X AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fujian Key Clinical Specialty of Laboratory Medicine, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China. FAU - Ye, Huiming AU - Ye H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2069-3644 AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fujian Key Clinical Specialty of Laboratory Medicine, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260915 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 RN - 1406-16-2 (Vitamin D) RN - A288AR3C9H (25-hydroxyvitamin D) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Vitamin D/analogs & derivatives/blood MH - Adult MH - China/epidemiology MH - *Vitamin D Deficiency/blood/epidemiology/diagnosis MH - Middle Aged MH - *Luminescent Measurements/methods MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Young Adult MH - Tandem Mass Spectrometry PMC - PMC13577506 COIS- Lihua Li is employed by Xiamen Innodx Biotech Co., Ltd. Xiamen Innodx Biotech Co., Ltd. provided support in the form of salary for author Lihua Li. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. The other authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/09/15 18:07 MHDA- 2026/09/15 18:08 PMCR- 2026/09/15 CRDT- 2026/09/15 13:53 PHST- 2026/04/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/15 18:08 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/15 18:07 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/15 13:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-26-17612 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0356809 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 Sep 15;21(9):e0356809. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0356809. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42741407 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260915 LR - 20260916 IS - 2624-9367 (Electronic) IS - 2624-9367 (Linking) VI - 8 DP - 2026 TI - Network-based performance analysis of multidimensional performance characteristics in trained male youth combat athletes. PG - 1932190 LID - 10.3389/fspor.2026.1932190 [doi] LID - 1932190 AB - Youth combat sport performance relies on a complex interplay of biological maturation, anthropometrics, neuromuscular capacity, and executive cognitive function. Despite this, these domains are typically studied in isolation. To bridge this gap, the present study applied a network-based performance analysis to uncover the multidimensional organization of these characteristics in trained male youth combat athletes. We evaluated biological maturation, anthropometry, neuromuscular performance and executive cognitive function in eighty-eight trained male athletes (13-16 years) from six combat sport disciplines. A Gaussian graphical model was estimated with the Extended Bayesian Information Criterion graphical least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (EBICglasso; gamma = 0.25). Nonparametric and case-dropping bootstrap procedures were used to evaluate network accuracy and stability. The estimated network contained 35 variables with 129 of 595 possible edges (network density = 21.7%). Anthropometric and maturational characteristics, particularly skeletal muscle mass, body mass, body height and maturity offset, were found to be the primary structural components, whereas Trail Making Test A completion time and Five-Key Task incongruent accuracy occupied highly connected positions within the network, linking cognitive, anthropometric and neuromuscular domains. The strongest conditional associations were observed between countermovement jump height from flight time and velocity (weight = 0.64; 95% CI: 0.57-0.77) and maturity offset and chronological age (weight = 0.59; 95% CI: 0.54-0.81). Strength centrality had acceptable stability (CS = 0.60). The findings suggest that performance in youth combat athletes is organized as an integrated multidimensional system of conditional associations. These results support the use of network-based performance analysis as a systems-oriented framework for multidimensional athlete profiling and hypothesis generation, while longitudinal studies are required to determine developmental trajectories and evaluate potential training applications. CI - (c) 2026 Kernluea, Chainok, Thongchai, Pachatikapanya, Noiphon, Zhi Lin, Bandeira and Zacca. FAU - Kernluea, Sadanan AU - Kernluea S AD - Faculty of Sport Science, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand. FAU - Chainok, Phornpot AU - Chainok P AD - Faculty of Sport Science, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand. FAU - Thongchai, Piyathida AU - Thongchai P AD - Faculty of Sport Science, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand. FAU - Pachatikapanya, Kanapan AU - Pachatikapanya K AD - Faculty of Sport Science and Human Performance, Institute of Entrepreneurial Science, Sathon, Thailand. FAU - Noiphon, Sirinapha AU - Noiphon S AD - Faculty of Sport Science and Human Performance, Institute of Entrepreneurial Science, Sathon, Thailand. FAU - Zhi Lin, Jian AU - Zhi Lin J AD - Department of Physical Education, National Taiwan University of Sport, Taichung, Taiwan. FAU - Bandeira, Paulo Felipe Ribeiro AU - Bandeira PFR AD - Universidade Regional do Cariri, Crato, Brazil. FAU - Zacca, Rodrigo AU - Zacca R AD - Research Center in Physical Activity, Faculty of Sports, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), University of Porto (FADEUP), Porto, Portugal. AD - Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal. AD - Nucleus of Research in Human Motricity Sciences, Universidad Adventista de Chile, Chillan, Chile. AD - Laboratory of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260831 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Sports Act Living JT - Frontiers in sports and active living JID - 101765780 PMC - PMC13572719 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Gaussian graphical model OT - athlete development OT - biological maturation OT - combat sports OT - executive function OT - youth athletes COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author(s) RZ declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision. EDAT- 2026/09/15 11:37 MHDA- 2026/09/15 11:38 PMCR- 2026/08/31 CRDT- 2026/09/15 06:12 PHST- 2026/07/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/31 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/15 11:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/15 11:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/15 06:12 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fspor.2026.1932190 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Sports Act Living. 2026 Aug 31;8:1932190. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2026.1932190. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42740390 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260915 LR - 20260917 IS - 2314-6753 (Electronic) IS - 2314-6745 (Print) VI - 2026 IP - 1 DP - 2026 TI - Olfactory Performance of Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes: Relationship to Diabetes Duration and Glycemic Control. PG - e8415282 LID - 10.1155/jdr/8415282 [doi] LID - 8415282 AB - BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Olfactory dysfunction is increasingly recognized as a complication of diabetes that negatively impacts eating behavior and quality of life. This study investigates olfactory function in adolescents with Type 1 diabetes and evaluates the impact of disease duration and long-term glycemic control (mean HbA1c) on olfactory performance. METHODS: Olfactory function was assessed using the validated "Sniffin' Sticks" test, which evaluates odor threshold, discrimination, and identification to generate a composite TDI score for diagnosing hyposmia (TDI < 30.75). RESULTS: Hyposmia was identified in 30% of adolescents with Type 1 diabetes, whereas none exhibited anosmia. Overall olfactory performance (TDI scores) did not differ significantly by diabetes duration, age, sex, BMI, lipid profiles, or insulin therapy method. However, a strong negative correlation was observed between long-term mean HbA1c and total TDI scores (r = -0.65, p < 0.001). Logistic regression confirmed that elevated mean HbA1c (> 7.0%) was a significant independent predictor of olfactory impairment, increasing the risk of hyposmia 3.7-fold (OR = 3.726, p = 0.018). CONCLUSIONS: Poor long-term glycemic control significantly impairs olfactory function in adolescents with Type 1 diabetes. This is demonstrated by the marked reduction in olfactory scores among adolescents with high mean HbA1c. Consequently, future research may validate olfactory testing as an effective, early biomarker for diabetic complications. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Grzegorz Sobek et al. Journal of Diabetes Research published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Sobek, Grzegorz AU - Sobek G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2504-0562 AD - Faculty of Health Sciences and Psychology, Collegium Medicum, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland, ur.edu.pl. AD - University Center for Research and Development in Health Sciences, Rzeszow, Poland. FAU - Jagielski, Pawel AU - Jagielski P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7583-8965 AD - Department of Nutrition and Drug Research, Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland, cm-uj.krakow.pl. FAU - Mazur, Artur AU - Mazur A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5393-3515 AD - Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Rzeszow, Poland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - J Diabetes Res JT - Journal of diabetes research JID - 101605237 RN - 0 (Glycated Hemoglobin) RN - 0 (Blood Glucose) RN - 0 (hemoglobin A1c protein, human) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/blood/complications/physiopathology/drug therapy MH - Adolescent MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Glycemic Control MH - Glycated Hemoglobin/metabolism/analysis MH - Child MH - *Olfaction Disorders/etiology/physiopathology/diagnosis MH - *Blood Glucose/metabolism MH - *Smell/physiology MH - *Anosmia/etiology/physiopathology/diagnosis MH - Time Factors MH - Quality of Life PMC - PMC13575325 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Type 1 diabetes OT - adolescents OT - glycated hemoglobin OT - olfactory function COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/15 05:36 MHDA- 2026/09/15 11:37 PMCR- 2026/09/14 CRDT- 2026/09/15 03:31 PHST- 2026/08/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/15 11:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/15 03:31 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JDR8415282 [pii] AID - 10.1155/jdr/8415282 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Diabetes Res. 2026;2026(1):e8415282. doi: 10.1155/jdr/8415282. PMID- 42740054 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260915 LR - 20260916 IS - 1424-8220 (Electronic) IS - 1424-8220 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 17 DP - 2026 Aug 27 TI - Activation Duty Cycle and Regional Muscle Co-Activation Across GMFCS Levels in Ambulatory Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy: An Exploratory Surface EMG Study. LID - 10.3390/s26175434 [doi] LID - 5434 AB - During self-selected overground walking, we examined participant-level surface electromyography (sEMG) descriptors associated with Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels I-III in 38 ambulatory children with spastic cerebral palsy. Eight-muscle sEMG was summarized using a design-locked pool of 16 peak-normalized envelope and exploratory synergy features. Higher GMFCS level was associated most consistently with longer activation duty cycle, stronger distal and proximal peak-normalized co-activation, and greater inter-muscle spatial entropy. Directions were retained across sensitivity analyses. For secondary within-cohort discrimination, the 16-feature pool yielded a quadratic weighted kappa (QWK) of 0.837+/-0.046 across 50 repeated participant-level nested cross-validation evaluations. Repeating correlation reduction and four-feature selection inside every outer-training fold yielded QWK 0.849+/-0.029. Both estimates reuse the 38 children and describe resampling performance, not independent-population generalizability. The core-four specification was post hoc. In an open supplementary workbook containing 195 unique participant IDs, directional concordance was strongest for activation duty cycle and distal co-activation, but direct transfer of the internally fitted 16-feature and core-four models was poor (QWK 0.210 and 0.077). Without healthy controls or measured walking speed and stride length, these cross-sectional results identify descriptors associated with ambulatory GMFCS level, not cerebral-palsy-specific biomarkers or evidence of clinical predictive utility. FAU - Huang, Peng AU - Huang P AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-6053-0626 AD - School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China. FAU - Zhang, Zhen AU - Zhang Z AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2014-5747 AD - School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China. FAU - Tong, Yonggang AU - Tong Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7516-8313 AD - School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China. FAU - Sun, Yingfei AU - Sun Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0615-2569 AD - School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China. LA - eng GR - 61431017/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260827 PL - Switzerland TA - Sensors (Basel) JT - Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101204366 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Cerebral Palsy/physiopathology MH - *Electromyography/methods MH - Child MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Muscle, Skeletal/physiopathology MH - Walking/physiology MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13568141 OTO - NOTNLM OT - GMFCS OT - activation duty cycle OT - cerebral palsy OT - feature association OT - interpretable machine learning OT - muscle co-activation OT - surface electromyography COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/15 05:36 MHDA- 2026/09/15 11:37 PMCR- 2026/08/27 CRDT- 2026/09/15 03:25 PHST- 2026/07/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/15 11:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/15 03:25 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - s26175434 [pii] AID - sensors-26-05434 [pii] AID - 10.3390/s26175434 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sensors (Basel). 2026 Aug 27;26(17):5434. doi: 10.3390/s26175434. PMID- 42739246 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260915 LR - 20260916 IS - 2075-4418 (Print) IS - 2075-4418 (Electronic) IS - 2075-4418 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 17 DP - 2026 Sep 1 TI - Comparison of Ultrasound and Scintigraphy in Gastric Emptying: A Comprehensive Review. LID - 10.3390/diagnostics16172816 [doi] LID - 2816 AB - Gastric emptying is the process by which gastric contents are transferred from the stomach to the small intestine for further digestion and nutrient absorption. It is the result of multiple gastrointestinal mechanisms and is essential for understanding the kinetics of digestion in humans. Delayed gastric emptying is clinically relevant as it is commonly observed in conditions such as gastroparesis and functional dyspepsia. A wide range of diagnostic modalities are available to assess gastric emptying, including scintigraphy, ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging, gastric aspiration, and stable isotope breath tests. Scintigraphy is widely regarded as the 'gold standard' technique, as it enables a direct quantitative assessment of gastric emptying following ingestion of a radiolabeled meal(s). Scintigraphy is non-invasive, reproducible, widely available, and well tolerated; however, it lacks standardized protocols, is time-consuming, costly, and necessitates exposure to ionizing radiation. Although the radiation dose is low, cumulative exposure remains a concern, particularly in pediatric and pregnant populations. In contrast, ultrasonography is safe, non-invasive, portable, inexpensive, and free from radiation exposure. Nevertheless, the application of ultrasound is limited by operator dependency and the need for technical expertise, and image quality may be affected by factors such as obesity and intraluminal gas. Furthermore, there is substantial methodological variability across studies, and its use in assessing gastric emptying of semisolid and solid meals is less well established. 3D ultrasonography, in particular, shows promise as a safe, non-invasive method for assessing gastric emptying. Further studies are required to promote the consistent application of established scintigraphic gastric emptying protocols across centers and to validate 3D ultrasound, particularly with solid meals, to potentially enhance its role as an alternative to scintigraphy. This article represents a comprehensive review based on a structured literature search with the primary aim of comparing ultrasonographic and scintigraphic measurements of gastric emptying, including the advantages and disadvantages of both methods. FAU - Lein, Emilie AU - Lein E AD - Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5007 Bergen, Norway. FAU - Jones, Karen L AU - Jones KL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1155-5816 AD - School of Medicine, Adelaide University, Adelaide 5005, Australia. AD - School of Allied Health and Human Performance, Adelaide University, Adelaide 5005, Australia. AD - Endocrine and Metabolic Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide 5000, Australia. FAU - Gilja, Odd Helge AU - Gilja OH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0436-0383 AD - Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5007 Bergen, Norway. AD - National Centre for Ultrasound in Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260901 PL - Switzerland TA - Diagnostics (Basel) JT - Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101658402 PMC - PMC13565500 OTO - NOTNLM OT - gastric emptying OT - gastric function OT - scintigraphy OT - stomach OT - ultrasound COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/15 05:36 MHDA- 2026/09/15 05:37 PMCR- 2026/09/01 CRDT- 2026/09/15 03:24 PHST- 2026/06/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/15 03:24 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - diagnostics16172816 [pii] AID - diagnostics-16-02816 [pii] AID - 10.3390/diagnostics16172816 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Diagnostics (Basel). 2026 Sep 1;16(17):2816. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics16172816. PMID- 42739090 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260915 LR - 20260929 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 17 DP - 2026 Sep 6 TI - Maternal Consumption of Fruits, Vegetables and Fruit Juices in Relation to Offspring Weight at 4 Years. LID - 10.3390/nu18172918 [doi] LID - 2918 AB - Background/Objectives: Maternal diet plays a crucial role in fetal development and may influence offspring weight development. Although fruits and vegetables provide nutritional and metabolic benefits during pregnancy, evidence regarding their specific role on childhood overweight/obesity remains limited. This study aimed to examine the association between maternal intake of fruits, vegetables, and fruit juices during pregnancy and the risk of overweight/obesity in children at 4 years of age. Methods: We analyzed 252 mother-child pairs from the Mediterranean ECLIPSES cohort in a prospective observational study. Maternal dietary intake was assessed at 12, 24 and 36 weeks of gestation using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire previously validated in a Spanish population. Childhood overweight/obesity was defined as a BMI z-score above the 85th percentile for age and sex at age 4. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models estimated ORs and 95% CIs. Results: Higher maternal consumption of fruits and vegetables was inversely associated with overweight/obesity in children (OR: 0.31 [0.13-0.74]). No associations were observed for total or natural fruit juice, whereas higher consumption of commercial fruit juice was associated with increased odds of overweight/obesity (OR: 2.48 [1.06-5.78]). Conclusions: Higher maternal combined consumption of fruits and vegetables during pregnancy was associated with lower odds of overweight or obesity in offspring at 4 years of age, whereas the opposite association was observed for commercial, but not natural, fruit juice. These associations may involve both prenatal biological and postnatal behavioral and family dietary pathways; however, the commercial fruit juice finding should be considered exploratory and requires confirmation in larger prospective studies. FAU - Riggioni-Saborio, Lucia AU - Riggioni-Saborio L AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-9880-7159 AD - Nutrition and Mental Health (NUTRISAM) Research Group, Unitat de Salut Publica i Epidemiologia Nutricional, Departament de Ciencies Mediques Basiques, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain. FAU - Jardi, Cristina AU - Jardi C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7946-1488 AD - Nutrition and Mental Health (NUTRISAM) Research Group, Unitat de Salut Publica i Epidemiologia Nutricional, Departament de Ciencies Mediques Basiques, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain. AD - Institut de Recerca Biomedica Catalunya Sud (IRB CatSud), 43005 Tarragona, Spain. FAU - Becerra-Tomas, Nerea AU - Becerra-Tomas N AD - Nutrition and Mental Health (NUTRISAM) Research Group, Unitat de Salut Publica i Epidemiologia Nutricional, Departament de Ciencies Mediques Basiques, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain. AD - Institut de Recerca Biomedica Catalunya Sud (IRB CatSud), 43005 Tarragona, Spain. FAU - Cruz-Rodriguez, Josue AU - Cruz-Rodriguez J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7145-5836 AD - Nutrition and Mental Health (NUTRISAM) Research Group, Unitat de Salut Publica i Epidemiologia Nutricional, Departament de Ciencies Mediques Basiques, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain. AD - Institut de Recerca Biomedica Catalunya Sud (IRB CatSud), 43005 Tarragona, Spain. FAU - Arija, Victoria AU - Arija V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1758-0975 AD - Nutrition and Mental Health (NUTRISAM) Research Group, Unitat de Salut Publica i Epidemiologia Nutricional, Departament de Ciencies Mediques Basiques, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain. AD - Institut de Recerca Biomedica Catalunya Sud (IRB CatSud), 43005 Tarragona, Spain. AD - Collaborative Group on Lifestyles, Nutrition, and Tobacco (CENIT), Institut D'Investigacio en Atencio Primaria IDIAP Jordi Gol, 08007 Barcelona, Spain. LA - eng GR - PI12/02777/Institute of Health Carlos III/ GR - PI17/01754/Instituto de Salud Carlos III/ GR - European Union/ PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260906 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Fruit MH - *Vegetables MH - Female MH - *Fruit and Vegetable Juices MH - Pregnancy MH - Child, Preschool MH - Prospective Studies MH - *Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena MH - Spain/epidemiology MH - *Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology/prevention & control/etiology MH - Male MH - Adult MH - Developmental Origins of Health and Disease MH - *Diet PMC - PMC13567673 OTO - NOTNLM OT - childhood obesity OT - fruit consumption OT - fruit juice consumption OT - maternal nutrition OT - pregnancy OT - vegetable consumption COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/15 05:36 MHDA- 2026/09/15 11:37 PMCR- 2026/09/06 CRDT- 2026/09/15 03:24 PHST- 2026/07/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/15 11:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/15 03:24 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18172918 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-02918 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18172918 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Sep 6;18(17):2918. doi: 10.3390/nu18172918. PMID- 42739088 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260915 LR - 20260916 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 17 DP - 2026 Sep 5 TI - Associations of Diabetes-Related Distress, Disordered-Eating Risk, and Self-Perceived Health with Glycemic Outcomes in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Study. LID - 10.3390/nu18172916 [doi] LID - 2916 AB - Background/Objectives: Adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are particularly vulnerable to psychological distress, disordered-eating (DE) risk and negative self-perceived health status (SPHS), which may compromise metabolic control and self-care. Although these factors have been studied individually, the usefulness of brief and clinically feasible screening tools to detect these dimensions remains underexplored. This study aimed to: (1) examine associations between distress, DE risk and SPHS; (2) explore their relationships with glycemic control, clinical profile and self-care; and (3) assess the influence of age and diabetes duration on these outcomes. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 37 adolescents with T1DM in Spain. Sociodemographic, anthropometric and clinical variables were obtained from medical records. Distress, DE risk and self-care were assessed using validated questionnaires, while SPHS was measured using single-item question. Pearson and Spearman correlations were performed. Results: Distress was present in 48.6% of participants and DE risk in 29.7%, while 67.6% reported positive SPHS. Distress correlated with higher HbA1c and lower TIR. DE risk correlated with BMI. Lower SPHS was associated with higher HbA1c. Age and diabetes duration were associated with greater glycemic variability, and diabetes duration also correlated with higher glucose and TyG-based insulin resistance indexes. No significant associations were found for self-care behaviors. Conclusions: Distress, DE risk and SPHS, assessed through feasible screening tools, showed meaningful associations with metabolic outcomes in adolescents with T1DM. Integrating brief psychological screening tools into routine care may facilitate early identification of psychological vulnerability profiles in this population during routine practice. FAU - Garcia-Poblet, Marta AU - Garcia-Poblet M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7110-6222 AD - Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Science, University of Alicante, 03692 Alicante, Spain. AD - Research Group on Applied Dietetics, Nutrition and Body Composition (DANuC), University of Alicante, 03692 Alicante, Spain. FAU - Sospedra, Isabel AU - Sospedra I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8513-8986 AD - Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Science, University of Alicante, 03692 Alicante, Spain. AD - Research Group on Applied Dietetics, Nutrition and Body Composition (DANuC), University of Alicante, 03692 Alicante, Spain. FAU - Formilan, Brisa Florencia AU - Formilan BF AD - Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Science, University of Alicante, 03692 Alicante, Spain. FAU - Soler-Climent, Esther AU - Soler-Climent E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8543-4865 AD - Research and Innovation Area, Health Department of General Hospital of Elche, 03203 Elche, Alicante, Spain. AD - Traumatology and Neurosurgery Service, General Hospital of Elche, 03203 Elche, Alicante, Spain. FAU - Alberola-Chazarra, Manuel Antonio AU - Alberola-Chazarra MA AD - Pediatrics Unit, General Hospital of Elche, 03203 Elche, Alicante, Spain. FAU - Martinez-Sanz, Jose Miguel AU - Martinez-Sanz JM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9054-3858 AD - Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Science, University of Alicante, 03692 Alicante, Spain. AD - Research Group on Applied Dietetics, Nutrition and Body Composition (DANuC), University of Alicante, 03692 Alicante, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260905 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 0 (Blood Glucose) RN - 0 (Glycated Hemoglobin) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/psychology/blood/complications MH - Adolescent MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology/epidemiology MH - *Psychological Distress MH - *Self Concept MH - Self Care MH - Blood Glucose/metabolism MH - *Stress, Psychological MH - Risk Factors MH - Glycated Hemoglobin MH - Glycemic Control/psychology MH - Health Status MH - Spain MH - Surveys and Questionnaires PMC - PMC13567549 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - eating disorders OT - metabolic control OT - psychological distress OT - self-perceived health OT - type 1 diabetes mellitus COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/15 05:36 MHDA- 2026/09/15 11:37 PMCR- 2026/09/05 CRDT- 2026/09/15 03:24 PHST- 2026/07/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/15 11:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/15 03:24 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18172916 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-02916 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18172916 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Sep 5;18(17):2916. doi: 10.3390/nu18172916. PMID- 42739059 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260915 LR - 20260916 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 17 DP - 2026 Sep 3 TI - Assessment of Nutritional Risk Representations in Publicly Available Data in Saudi Arabia: A Triangulated Scoping Study. LID - 10.3390/nu18172888 [doi] LID - 2888 AB - Background: Saudi Arabia maintains official statistics on its food security, in addition to conducting surveys on health parameters and performing national health assessments. Also, several academic papers on dietary patterns are published every year. Many published documents analyze data on food availability, self-reported eating habits, and biomarker-based health risks. However, individually, they represent distinct aspects of nutrition. Hence, this study was undertaken to examine publicly accessible nutrition-related evidence in Saudi Arabia and assess whether existing public food and nutrition datasets consistently align with the biological indicators of nutritional risk. Methods: Searches were conducted using defined criteria in publicly available Saudi and international sources published or updated between 2005 and 2025. These were identified through official reports, global food databases, WHO-aligned surveys, and peer-reviewed articles, with searches conducted and updated during June-July 2026. Sources were classified by representativeness, recency, measurement validity, accessibility, and analytical role. The primary outcome was the completeness and interpretability of public evidence streams rather than a pooled prevalence estimate. Results: SHIS 2013 remains the top public national dietary intake dataset, which shows that only 5.2% and 7.5% of people met their fruit and vegetable intake recommendations, respectively. GASTAT Health Determinants Statistics 2024 indicated that only 10.2% of people aged 15 years and above ate five or more portions of fruits and vegetables daily, yet GASTAT Food Security Statistics 2024 indicated significant per capita availability of rice, milk, poultry, eggs, red meat, onions, tomatoes, and dates. High levels of biological risk were evident in WHS 2019 biomarkers; for example, 42.6% of people had hypercholesterolemia and 50% had low hemoglobin according to the WHS 2019 indicator definition. Recent studies provided additional data on beverages, sugars, dietary habits of adolescents, and diet quality but lacked national food-wide intake data. Conclusions: Public Saudi nutrition data provide complementary but non-equivalent information; indicators show low dietary adequacy and high biomarker-defined risk, supporting the need for integrated individual-level nutrition surveillance. In the future, Saudi national nutrition surveillance must focus on individual-level intake data and biomarker-based measurements. FAU - Alagal, Reham I AU - Alagal RI AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8515-1574 AD - Department of Health Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260903 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) SB - IM MH - Saudi Arabia/epidemiology MH - Humans MH - *Diet/statistics & numerical data MH - *Nutritional Status MH - Vegetables MH - Fruit MH - Feeding Behavior MH - Risk Assessment MH - Adolescent MH - Biomarkers MH - Female PMC - PMC13567205 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Saudi Arabia OT - biomarkers OT - dietary consumption OT - food availability OT - food balance sheets OT - fruit and vegetable consumption OT - hypercholesterolaemia OT - low haemoglobin OT - nutrition surveillance COIS- The author declares no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/15 05:36 MHDA- 2026/09/15 05:37 PMCR- 2026/09/03 CRDT- 2026/09/15 03:24 PHST- 2026/07/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/15 03:24 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18172888 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-02888 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18172888 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Sep 3;18(17):2888. doi: 10.3390/nu18172888. PMID- 42739031 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260915 LR - 20260916 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 17 DP - 2026 Sep 1 TI - A Comprehensive Study of Dietary and Lifestyle Correlates of Erythrocyte Membrane Fatty Acids and Oxidative Stress and Their Association with Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes. LID - 10.3390/nu18172859 [doi] LID - 2859 AB - Background: Erythrocyte fatty acid (FA) and oxidative stress levels are influenced by a range of factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate erythrocyte FA profiles and oxidative stress markers and their relationships with each other, nutrition, lifestyle, gestational age, and pregnancy outcomes in pregnant Latvian women. Methods: A total of 74 pregnant and postpartum women were cross-sectionally examined. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire; erythrocyte FA composition was analyzed using gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector; and oxidative status was assessed based on Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assays, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, and selenoprotein P (SEPP1) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Results: Dietary fats constituted 42.0% of the total caloric intake. Saturated fatty acids (SFAs) predominated in erythrocytes (55.7%), with the highest concentration observed for 16:0. Although multiple significant correlations between dietary factors and laboratory parameters were identified, none remained significant after correction for multiple comparisons. Erythrocyte 18:3, n-3 was significantly associated with FRAP (p < 0.05). Gestational complications and age did not affect biochemical parameters (p > 0.05), though gestational age correlated with MDA (r = 0.377, p < 0.05) and pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) with MUFAs (r = 0.373, p < 0.01). The FA composition differed depending on smoking status and alcohol consumption. Conclusions: Given the exploratory nature of this study, findings should be interpreted with appropriate caution. Several associations retained statistical significance following correction for multiple comparisons, namely between erythrocyte 18:3, n-3 and FRAP, alcohol consumption and smoking with erythrocyte fatty acid profiles, maternal age and plasma MDA concentrations, and pre-gestational BMI and MUFA levels. The remaining associations did not withstand correction and should therefore be regarded as hypothesis-generating, warranting confirmation in larger, adequately powered, confirmatory studies. FAU - Nikolajeva, Ksenija AU - Nikolajeva K AD - Riga East Clinical University Hospital, 2 Hipokrata Street, LV-1038 Riga, Latvia. AD - Doctoral Department, Faculty of Medicine, Riga Stradins University, 16 Dzirciema Street, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia. AD - Department of Rehabilitation, Riga Stradins University, 26a Anninmuizas Boulevard, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia. FAU - Lece, Anna AU - Lece A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0970-2127 AD - Institute of Occupational Safety and Environmental Health, Riga Stradins University, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia. FAU - Skesters, Andrejs AU - Skesters A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3726-8724 AD - Institute of Occupational Safety and Environmental Health, Riga Stradins University, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia. FAU - Cauce, Vinita AU - Cauce V AD - Statistics Unit, Riga Stradins University, 14 Balozu Street, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia. FAU - Zacs, Dzintars AU - Zacs D AD - Scientific Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health, and Environment, Lejupes Street 3, LV-1076 Riga, Latvia. FAU - Meija, Laila AU - Meija L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8205-0639 AD - Riga East Clinical University Hospital, 2 Hipokrata Street, LV-1038 Riga, Latvia. AD - Department of Rehabilitation, Riga Stradins University, 26a Anninmuizas Boulevard, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia. LA - eng GR - Izp-2019/1-0335/Latvian Council of Science/ GR - 6-DN-20/4/2026/Riga Stradins University/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260901 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 0 (Fatty Acids) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Dietary Fats) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Oxidative Stress MH - Pregnancy MH - *Fatty Acids/blood MH - Adult MH - *Life Style MH - *Erythrocyte Membrane/metabolism/chemistry MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Pregnancy Outcome MH - *Diet MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - Gestational Age MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Latvia MH - Nutritional Status MH - Dietary Fats PMC - PMC13567114 OTO - NOTNLM OT - fatty acids OT - nutrition OT - oxidative stress OT - pregnancy COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/15 05:36 MHDA- 2026/09/15 11:38 PMCR- 2026/09/01 CRDT- 2026/09/15 03:23 PHST- 2026/05/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/15 11:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/15 03:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18172859 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-02859 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18172859 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Sep 1;18(17):2859. doi: 10.3390/nu18172859. PMID- 42739020 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260915 LR - 20260916 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 17 DP - 2026 Aug 31 TI - Trends and Contextual Factors Related to Obesity-Related Legislation in the Republic of Korea (2006-2024). LID - 10.3390/nu18172848 [doi] LID - 2848 AB - OBJECTIVES: The objective of this paper is to analyse trends in obesity-related legislation in the Republic of Korea (2006-2024) and examine political, institutional, and ideational factors observed in relation to legislative outcomes. METHODS: A retrospective policy analysis of 53 obesity-related bills identified through systematic searches of the National Assembly Legislative Information System and independently coded by two researchers. Quantitative trends were examined by policy domain and instrument type, and qualitative analysis applied Kingdon's Multiple Streams Framework, the Ideas-Interests-Institutions (3I) model, and Policy Instrument Theory. RESULTS: Legislative attention increased unevenly across the study period. Sixteen bills (30.2%) achieved a favorable legislative outcome, comprising direct passage or incorporation into an enacted committee alternative. Regulatory instruments dominated, followed by educational and institutional tools; fiscal measures were rare. Legislative activity clustered in 2013 and 2017-2019, while later proposals increasingly addressed school, digital, and post-pandemic concerns. CONCLUSIONS: Korea's experience shows both progress and fragmentation in obesity governance. Child-focused framing and institutional feasibility were recurrent features among enacted measures, whereas fiscal and structural proposals were less frequently enacted. The findings highlight the importance of considering regulatory, educational, and fiscal approaches within a comprehensive intersectoral policy framework. FAU - Lee, Yuri AU - Lee Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2780-7678 AD - Department of Health and Medical Information, Myongji College, Seoul 03656, Republic of Korea. AD - Department of Public Health, Environments and Society, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1H 9SH, UK. FAU - Shin, Hyun-Young AU - Shin HY AD - Department of Family Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260831 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Republic of Korea/epidemiology MH - Humans MH - *Obesity/prevention & control/epidemiology MH - *Health Policy/legislation & jurisprudence/trends MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Policy Making PMC - PMC13567622 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Republic of Korea OT - child nutrition OT - multiple streams framework OT - obesity legislation OT - public health policy COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/15 05:36 MHDA- 2026/09/15 05:37 PMCR- 2026/08/31 CRDT- 2026/09/15 03:23 PHST- 2026/07/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/15 03:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18172848 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-02848 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18172848 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Aug 31;18(17):2848. doi: 10.3390/nu18172848. PMID- 42738991 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260915 LR - 20260916 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 17 DP - 2026 Aug 28 TI - Dairy Product Consumption Patterns and Associated Sociodemographic and Lifestyle Factors Among Adults from Selected Peruvian Cities. LID - 10.3390/nu18172819 [doi] LID - 2819 AB - Background: Dairy products provide protein, calcium, and other essential nutrients, but intake may vary across sociodemographic and lifestyle groups. Objective: To characterize dairy consumption patterns and identify factors associated with consuming >/=3 dairy servings/day among adults recruited from selected Peruvian cities. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from April to June 2026. Of the 1619 eligible participants, 203 (12.5%) reported no dairy consumption and were analyzed separately for reasons for non-consumption; the final analytical sample included 1265 dairy consumers. Dairy intake was assessed using a culturally adapted questionnaire with content validity evaluated by expert judgment. Descriptive analyses, bivariate tests, and multivariable logistic regression were performed. Results: Mean age was 33.0 +/- 13.0 years, and 61.2% were women. The most commonly consumed products were cheese (90.9%), yogurt (85.4%), whole milk (71.2%), and quesillo or fresh cheese (60.8%). Overall, 16.3% consumed >/=3 dairy servings/day. Participants recruited from cities in the Highlands (aOR = 0.54; 95% CI: 0.37-0.79) and Amazon (aOR = 0.59; 95% CI: 0.40-0.87) had lower odds of reaching this threshold than those from the Coast. Middle socioeconomic status was associated with lower odds (aOR = 0.48; 95% CI: 0.34-0.67), whereas physical activity >/=3 times/week was associated with higher odds (aOR = 1.53; 95% CI: 1.09-2.14). Perceived lactose intolerance was the most frequently reported reason for non-consumption (46.8%). Conclusions: Consumption of >/=3 dairy servings/day was uncommon. Socioeconomic differences were the most consistent correlate, while geographic and physical activity associations warrant cautious interpretation. FAU - Paz-Olivas, Youmi AU - Paz-Olivas Y AD - Area de Investigacion, Instituto de Nutricion y Seguridad Alimentaria, Lima 15026, Peru. AD - Escuela de Nutricion y Dietetica, Universidad Femenina Sagrado Corazon (UNIFE), La Molina, Lima 15023, Peru. FAU - Duran-Aguero, Samuel AU - Duran-Aguero S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0548-3676 AD - Facultad de Ciencias de la Rehabilitacion y Calidad de Vida, Universidad San Sebastian, Providencia 7500000, Chile. FAU - Saintila, Jacksaint AU - Saintila J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7340-7974 AD - Research Group on Nutritional Psychology and Public Health, Universidad Peruana Union, Lima 15464, Peru. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260828 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Adult MH - Peru MH - *Dairy Products/statistics & numerical data MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - *Life Style MH - Middle Aged MH - *Sociodemographic Factors MH - Young Adult MH - Socioeconomic Factors MH - Cities MH - *Diet/statistics & numerical data MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13567231 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Peru OT - adults OT - dairy products OT - dietary intake OT - food consumption OT - lactose intolerance OT - socioeconomic status COIS- Y.P.-O. is employed as Nutrition Manager at Grupo Gloria, a company operating in the dairy sector. Grupo Gloria had no role in the funding of the study; study design; data collection, analysis, or interpretation; preparation or writing of the manuscript; or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. S.D.-A. and J.S. declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/15 05:36 MHDA- 2026/09/15 05:37 PMCR- 2026/08/28 CRDT- 2026/09/15 03:23 PHST- 2026/08/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/15 03:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18172819 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-02819 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18172819 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Aug 28;18(17):2819. doi: 10.3390/nu18172819. PMID- 42738983 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260915 LR - 20260916 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 17 DP - 2026 Aug 27 TI - Development and Feasibility Study of Sustainable ePlate: A Web-Based Serious Game for Multidimensional Sustainable Healthy Diet Interventions in Schools. LID - 10.3390/nu18172812 [doi] LID - 2812 AB - BACKGROUND: School-based sustainable and healthy diet (SHD) interventions often inadequately capture the multidimensional nature of sustainability, with socioeconomic and cultural dimensions frequently underrepresented. While digital interventions can facilitate the integration of multiple SHD components, maintaining user engagement remains a persistent challenge that can compromise intervention effectiveness. Digital serious games represent a promising intervention strategy that can address both limitations by delivering multidimensional SHD content through interactive and engaging learning, while enabling real-time behavioral monitoring. OBJECTIVES: To assess the feasibility, as well as the acceptability and user experience of "Sustainable ePlate", a web-based serious game for multidimensional SHD educational interventions in schools, during school-based sessions. METHODS: Sustainable ePlate integrates food-level sustainability indicators into a scaffolded nine-challenge serious game. Challenges are presented through the healthy eating plate structure, while addressing eight food-level sustainability indicators transformed into 1-5 ordinal game scores. A database of 138 food items was developed from publicly available LCA and TCA databases. The game design draws on established learning theories implemented through progressive challenge sequencing, tiered feedback, and social features. Feasibility was assessed in guided school sessions in Northern Greece using the eGameFlow questionnaire and system in-app metrics. RESULTS: The assessment sample comprised n = 59 students from two secondary schools, of whom n = 57 completed the eGameFlow questionnaire. Mean overall enjoyment was 82.54 +/- 16.33%. Mean session duration was 22.39 +/- 12.68 min. Across all sessions, 6003 food selections were recorded, with 5179 correct and 824 incorrect placements, corresponding to an 86.27% placement accuracy rate. In-app metrics indicated strong technical feasibility, with all sessions completing the full game sequence. Behavioral metrics demonstrated active interaction, characterized by placement interval duration, hesitation times, and high placement accuracy. CONCLUSIONS: Sustainable ePlate demonstrated feasibility and a positive user experience as a school-based serious game for multidimensional SHD education, and as a research platform for capturing in-app behavioral metrics. Further studies are required to assess its educational effectiveness in improving knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to sustainable healthy diets through pre-post design interventions. FAU - Patra, Elena AU - Patra E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8615-1541 AD - Nutrition Information Systems Laboratory (NISLAB), Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece. FAU - Hassapidou, Maria AU - Hassapidou M AD - Nutrition Information Systems Laboratory (NISLAB), Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece. FAU - Androutsos, Odysseas AU - Androutsos O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2849-1994 AD - Laboratory of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Physical Education, Sports Science and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 42132 Trikala, Greece. FAU - Diou, Christos AU - Diou C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2461-1928 AD - Department of Informatics and Telematics, School of Digital Technology, Harokopio University of Athens, 17778 Athens, Greece. FAU - Pagkalos, Ioannis AU - Pagkalos I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1538-4663 AD - Nutrition Information Systems Laboratory (NISLAB), Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260827 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Feasibility Studies MH - *Diet, Healthy/methods MH - *Video Games MH - Schools MH - Female MH - *Health Promotion/methods MH - Male MH - *Internet MH - Child MH - *School Health Services MH - Adolescent MH - Greece MH - Digital Media PMC - PMC13567481 OTO - NOTNLM OT - behavioral monitoring OT - digital interventions OT - gamification OT - nutrition education OT - school intervention OT - serious game OT - sustainable healthy diet COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/15 05:36 MHDA- 2026/09/15 05:37 PMCR- 2026/08/27 CRDT- 2026/09/15 03:23 PHST- 2026/07/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/15 03:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18172812 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-02812 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18172812 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Aug 27;18(17):2812. doi: 10.3390/nu18172812. PMID- 42738982 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260915 LR - 20260929 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 17 DP - 2026 Aug 27 TI - Mediterranean Diet Adherence, Nutrition Knowledge and Lifestyle Factors in Physically Active Adults and Athletes: The NUTRI_ACTIVE Study. LID - 10.3390/nu18172810 [doi] LID - 2810 AB - Background/Objectives: Unhealthy diets and poor lifestyle choices can increase athlete's risk of low energy availability (LEA) and its negative consequences. Conversely, optimal nutrition, such as the Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet), promotes health, recovery, and performance. This study evaluates MedDiet adherence among athletes and physically active individuals, exploring its relationship with nutrition knowledge (NK), dietary intake, eating behaviors, and sleep quality. Methods: This single-center observational study evaluated Italian healthy active adults/athletes (18-65 years) categorized into four performance Tiers. Validated questionnaires analyzed MedDiet adherence (MEDI-LITE), NK (GeSNK), eating behaviour (EAT-26 and TOS), sleep quality (PSQI), and physical activity (IPAQ). Dietary intake was estimated via a 7-day food diary. Body composition (skinfolds/BIVA), and resting energy expenditure (indirect calorimetry) were assessed. Results: Analysis included 169 participants (32.3 +/- 11.9 years; 52.7% females; 56.8% Tier 1), practicing 2.0 +/- 0.9 sports with 7.1 +/- 3.7 h/week of training. Mean MEDI-LITE score was 10.6 +/- 2.2 (moderate adherence) across all Tiers and was significantly, positively associated with NK (p = 0.002). Mean EA was 31.3 +/- 8.6 kcal/kg FFM/day; sex-specific cut-offs revealed a substantial proportion of high-tier participants with low/suboptimal EA. Eating disorder risk and orthorexic tendencies were low, sleep quality was generally good; none significantly correlated with MEDI-LITE score. Conclusions: Higher NK was positively associated with MedDiet adherence. However, high-tier athletes showed low or suboptimal EA. Targeted nutrition education must integrate MedDiet principles with sport-specific fueling strategies, optimizing diet quality and energy adequacy. FAU - Fiorini, Simona AU - Fiorini S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-2790-0601 AD - Laboratory of Food Education and Sport Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Guglielmetti, Monica AU - Guglielmetti M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6327-9959 AD - Laboratory of Food Education and Sport Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Lopes Neri, Lenycia de Cassya AU - Lopes Neri LC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4162-3664 AD - Laboratory of Food Education and Sport Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Ferraro, Ottavia Eleonora AU - Ferraro OE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4398-4885 AD - Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Rondanelli, Mariangela AU - Rondanelli M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8336-4851 AD - Human Nutrition and Eating Disorder Research Center, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Tagliabue, Anna AU - Tagliabue A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7647-6975 AD - Human Nutrition and Eating Disorder Research Center, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Ferraris, Cinzia AU - Ferraris C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4148-2136 AD - Laboratory of Food Education and Sport Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy. LA - eng GR - Project code PE0000003/Ministry of Universities and Research/ PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260827 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Diet, Mediterranean MH - Female MH - Male MH - Adult MH - *Athletes/psychology/statistics & numerical data MH - Young Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - *Life Style MH - *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MH - Adolescent MH - Feeding Behavior MH - *Exercise MH - Aged MH - Italy MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Patient Compliance MH - Energy Metabolism MH - Energy Intake MH - Body Composition MH - Sleep Quality MH - Nutritional Status PMC - PMC13567227 OTO - NOTNLM OT - athletes OT - energy availability OT - lifestyle OT - mediterranean diet OT - nutrition knowledge OT - sport nutrition COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2026/09/15 05:36 MHDA- 2026/09/15 05:37 PMCR- 2026/08/27 CRDT- 2026/09/15 03:23 PHST- 2026/07/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/15 03:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18172810 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-02810 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18172810 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Aug 27;18(17):2810. doi: 10.3390/nu18172810. PMID- 42738966 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260915 LR - 20260916 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 17 DP - 2026 Aug 26 TI - Associations and Multidimensional Characterization of the Nutritional-Inflammatory Profile in Children with Previous SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Retrospective Cohort Study. LID - 10.3390/nu18172793 [doi] LID - 2793 AB - Background/Objectives: Nutritional, inflammatory, and lifestyle-related characteristics may contribute to substantial biological heterogeneity among children with documented previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study aimed to characterize an integrated nutritional-inflammatory profile and explore its relationships with biological and clinical features in a hospitalized pediatric cohort. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 260 children with documented previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. Clinical, anthropometric, and laboratory data were complemented by questionnaire-derived dietary and lifestyle information (n = 213). Analyses combined conventional statistics with correlation and multivariate techniques, including PCA and K-means clustering (n = 231) and exploratory Ridge regression (n = 188). Results: Suboptimal serum 25(OH)D concentrations (<30 ng/mL) were present in 55.8% of participants (95% CI [49.7%, 61.7%]), while 43.5% were overweight or obese (95% CI [37.6%, 49.5%]). BMI correlated with hemoglobin (rho = 0.23) and CRP (rho = 0.12), while 25(OH)D correlated with potassium (rho = 0.22). Increasing daily device use was associated with progressively lower 25(OH)D concentrations (H = 24, p < 0.001, epsilon(2) = 0.11), with median values decreasing from 33 ng/mL at <1 h/day to 24 ng/mL at >4 h/day. PCA identified three complementary biological dimensions explaining 55.0% of the total variance, while K-means clustering identified three reproducible exploratory nutritional-inflammatory phenotypes differentiated by age, BMI, hematological and inflammatory characteristics, and selected lifestyle factors. Conclusions: The findings show multidimensional nutritional-inflammatory heterogeneity in children with documented previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. The identified patterns and exploratory phenotypes provide an integrated framework for biological characterization and warrant validation in prospective multicenter cohorts. FAU - Petrea Cliveti, Carmen Loredana AU - Petrea Cliveti CL AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-8838-8817 AD - Research Center in the Medico-Pharmaceutical Field, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, "Dunarea de Jos" University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania. AD - "Sf. Ioan" Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children, 800487 Galati, Romania. FAU - Ciortea, Diana-Andreea AU - Ciortea DA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7420-256X AD - Research Center in the Medico-Pharmaceutical Field, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, "Dunarea de Jos" University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania. AD - "Maria Sklodowska Curie" Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children, 041451 Bucharest, Romania. FAU - Gurau, Gabriela AU - Gurau G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8327-1364 AD - Research Center in the Medico-Pharmaceutical Field, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, "Dunarea de Jos" University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania. AD - "Sf. Ioan" Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children, 800487 Galati, Romania. FAU - Matei, Madalina Nicoleta AU - Matei MN AD - Research Center in the Medico-Pharmaceutical Field, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, "Dunarea de Jos" University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania. AD - "Sf. Ioan" Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children, 800487 Galati, Romania. FAU - Barbu, Codrina AU - Barbu C AD - Research Center in the Medico-Pharmaceutical Field, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, "Dunarea de Jos" University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania. AD - "Sf. Ioan" Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children, 800487 Galati, Romania. FAU - Verga Rauta, Gabriela Isabela AU - Verga Rauta GI AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-5438-666X AD - Research Center in the Medico-Pharmaceutical Field, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, "Dunarea de Jos" University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania. AD - "Sf. Ioan" Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children, 800487 Galati, Romania. FAU - Lungu, Irinel AU - Lungu I AD - Research Center in the Medico-Pharmaceutical Field, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, "Dunarea de Jos" University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania. AD - "Sf. Ioan" Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children, 800487 Galati, Romania. FAU - Valcan, Mariana Mirela AU - Valcan MM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5347-4267 AD - Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania. FAU - Berbece, Sorin Ion AU - Berbece SI AD - Research Center in the Medico-Pharmaceutical Field, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, "Dunarea de Jos" University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260826 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 1406-16-2 (Vitamin D) RN - A288AR3C9H (25-hydroxyvitamin D) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Female MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Child MH - Male MH - *Nutritional Status MH - Vitamin D/blood/analogs & derivatives MH - *Inflammation/blood MH - Adolescent MH - Life Style MH - Body Mass Index MH - Child, Preschool PMC - PMC13567281 OTO - NOTNLM OT - 25-hydroxyvitamin D OT - children OT - exploratory phenotypes OT - inflammatory biomarkers OT - lifestyle OT - nutritional-inflammatory profile OT - previous SARS-CoV-2 infection OT - principal component analysis COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/15 05:36 MHDA- 2026/09/15 11:37 PMCR- 2026/08/26 CRDT- 2026/09/15 03:23 PHST- 2026/07/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/15 11:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/15 03:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18172793 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-02793 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18172793 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Aug 26;18(17):2793. doi: 10.3390/nu18172793. PMID- 42738956 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260915 LR - 20260916 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 17 DP - 2026 Aug 26 TI - Beverage Consumption Patterns, Beverage-Derived Energy Intake, and Adherence to Fluid Intake Recommendations Among Polish Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study Using the BEVQ-PL Questionnaire. LID - 10.3390/nu18172784 [doi] LID - 2784 AB - Background/Objectives: Different organizations have established fluid intake recommendations for adolescents; however, studies assessing adherence typically rely on a single reference system, limiting comparisons across populations. This study assessed beverage consumption patterns and beverage-derived energy intake among Polish adolescents and examined how adherence estimates differed when recommendations issued by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), the Institute of Medicine (IOM), and the Polish National Institute of Public Health-National Institute of Hygiene (NIH) were applied. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1644 secondary school students aged 14-18 years. Beverage consumption (mL/day) and beverage-derived energy intake (kcal/day) were assessed using the validated Polish Beverage Intake Questionnaire (BEVQ-PL). Adherence was defined as achieving at least 80% of the age- and sex-specific Adequate Intake (AI) from beverages, assuming that beverages provide approximately 80% of total daily water intake. Results: Water had the highest median daily intake (960 mL/day). Males consumed significantly more water than females (1080 vs. 720 mL/day; p = 0.037), whereas females consumed significantly more reduced-fat milk (2%), skim milk, plant-based and flavored milk beverages, 100% vegetable juice, and coffee with milk and sugar. Adherence differed according to the recommendation system, reaching 65.2% (EFSA), 50.6% (IOM), and 65.8% (NIH). Female sex was independently associated with higher adherence across all three reference systems, whereas older age was associated with lower adherence only according to the NIH criteria and overweight/obesity only according to the IOM criteria. Conclusions: Estimated adherence to fluid intake recommendations varied substantially according to the reference system applied. These findings highlight the importance of explicitly reporting the selected reference criteria when assessing and comparing the adequacy of beverage-derived fluid intake among adolescents. FAU - Zborowski, Marek AU - Zborowski M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2695-2491 AD - The Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Applied Sciences in Nowy Sacz, Kosciuszki 2G, 33-300 Nowy Sacz, Poland. FAU - Skotnicka, Magdalena AU - Skotnicka M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0853-0685 AD - Department of Commodity Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, 7 Debinki Street, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260826 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Beverages MH - Poland MH - *Energy Intake MH - *Drinking MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Recommended Dietary Allowances MH - Animals MH - Guideline Adherence MH - *Patient Compliance PMC - PMC13567327 OTO - NOTNLM OT - BEVQ-PL OT - adequate intake OT - adolescents OT - beverage consumption OT - hydration recommendations COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/15 05:36 MHDA- 2026/09/15 05:37 PMCR- 2026/08/26 CRDT- 2026/09/15 03:23 PHST- 2026/08/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/15 03:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18172784 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-02784 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18172784 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Aug 26;18(17):2784. doi: 10.3390/nu18172784. PMID- 42738947 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260915 LR - 20260922 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 17 DP - 2026 Aug 25 TI - Association of Sleep Duration and Physical Activity with Healthy Eating Habits Among Peruvian Secondary School Students. LID - 10.3390/nu18172775 [doi] LID - 2775 AB - Background/Objectives: Sleep duration and physical activity are key behavioral components in the development of healthy lifestyles during adolescence. In Peru, a considerable proportion of school students do not meet recommended levels of physical activity and may also experience insufficient sleep, which could negatively affect their eating habits. This study aimed to analyze the association between sleep duration, physical activity level, and healthy eating habits among Peruvian secondary school students. Methods: An observational, analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted among 275 secondary school students aged 12 to 17 years. Sleep duration, physical activity, and eating habits were assessed using validated questionnaires. Associations were analyzed using Pearson's chi-square test and multivariable binary logistic regression. Results: Students who slept 7 h had higher odds of having healthy eating habits compared with those who slept 6 h or less (aOR = 2.525; 95% CI: 1.181-5.536; p = 0.018). In addition, students with low levels of physical activity showed lower odds of having healthy eating habits compared with those with high levels of physical activity (aOR = 0.097; 95% CI: 0.005-0.564; p = 0.032). Conclusions: Sleep duration and physical activity were associated with healthy eating habits among Peruvian secondary school students. These findings support the importance of promoting integrated school-based strategies that jointly address sleep, physical activity, and nutrition during adolescence. FAU - Remon-Lopez, Jennyfer A AU - Remon-Lopez JA AD - Escuela de Nutricion Humana, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Peruana Union, Lima 15102, Peru. FAU - Chilon-Llico, Raquel AU - Chilon-Llico R AD - Escuela de Nutricion Humana, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Peruana Union, Lima 15102, Peru. FAU - Peralta-Eugenio, Gutember AU - Peralta-Eugenio G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1177-6088 AD - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Escuela de Psicologia, Universidad Cesar Vallejo, Chimbote 02801, Peru. FAU - Morales-Garcia, Wilter C AU - Morales-Garcia WC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1208-9121 AD - Facultad de Teologia, Universidad Peruana Union, Lima 15102, Peru. FAU - Sairitupa-Sanchez, Liset Z AU - Sairitupa-Sanchez LZ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0555-091X AD - Escuela de Psicologia, Universidad Senor de Sipan, Chiclayo 14001, Peru. FAU - Morales-Garcia, Sandra B AU - Morales-Garcia SB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5102-303X AD - Escuela de Medicina Humana, Universidad Senor de Sipan, Chiclayo 14001, Peru. FAU - Rivera-Lozada, Oriana AU - Rivera-Lozada O AD - Escuela de Medicina Humana, Universidad Senor de Sipan, Chiclayo 14001, Peru. FAU - Morales-Garcia, Mardel AU - Morales-Garcia M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6413-1072 AD - Direccion de Investigacion, Escuela de Posgrado, Universidad Peruana Union, Lima 15102, Peru. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260825 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - *Sleep Duration MH - Peru MH - Female MH - Male MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Child MH - *Exercise MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - *Students/statistics & numerical data MH - *Diet, Healthy MH - Schools MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Logistic Models MH - *Sleep MH - Adolescent Behavior PMC - PMC13567383 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Peru OT - adolescents OT - healthy eating habits OT - physical activity OT - sleep duration COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/15 05:36 MHDA- 2026/09/15 05:37 PMCR- 2026/08/25 CRDT- 2026/09/15 03:23 PHST- 2026/04/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/15 03:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18172775 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-02775 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18172775 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Aug 25;18(17):2775. doi: 10.3390/nu18172775. PMID- 42738945 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260915 LR - 20260916 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 17 DP - 2026 Aug 25 TI - The Gut-Brain Axis and Dietary Patterns in Shaping Long-Term Neurocognitive and Psychosocial Outcomes in Adolescent and Young Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer: A Systematized Narrative Review. LID - 10.3390/nu18172773 [doi] LID - 2773 AB - Background: The dynamic advancement of pediatric hemato-oncology and intensified therapeutic protocols have significantly increased survival rates while simultaneously highlighting the challenge of long-term treatment complications. Within the cohort of adolescent and young adult (AYA) survivors, delayed neurocognitive deficits, often manifesting as the chemobrain phenotype, and psychosocial disorders constitute a particularly substantial burden. Contemporary neurogastroenterological evidence indicates a fundamental role of persistent dysbiosis and gut-brain axis dysfunction in the pathogenesis of these alterations. This review aims to critically synthesize translational evidence elucidating the impact of iatrogenic gut microbiota damage and modifiable dietary patterns on the development of long-term neurocognitive sequelae in survivors of early childhood cancer. Methods: A systematized narrative review was conducted in accordance with the SANRA guidelines by integrating data from in vivo models and observational studies. A comprehensive literature search across the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central, Scopus, and Web of Science databases up to June 2026 was performed utilizing the Population, Exposure, and Outcomes (PEO) framework. Results: Oncological therapies, including myeloablative conditioning and broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy, induce a microbial scar phenomenon characterized by the depletion of commensal Firmicutes in favor of resistant pathobionts. The subsequent decline in the synthesis of neuroprotective short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) alongside the pathological activation of the kynurenine pathway disrupts central nervous system homeostasis. Translocation of lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) across the compromised intestinal barrier generates systemic inflammation recognized as inflammaging, which, in turn, stimulates neurotoxic microglial hyperreactivity. This pathophysiological cascade is accelerated by a pro-inflammatory Western diet, whereas anti-inflammatory interventions such as the MIND diet and postbiotics demonstrate measurable restorative potential. Conclusions: The pathophysiology of delayed neurotoxicity is largely a consequence of systemic neuroinflammation driven by intestinal dysbiosis. Implementing individualized dietary and microbiome-targeted strategies into survivorship care protocols constitutes a crucial direction for clinical prophylaxis. Validating their clinical efficacy in the AYA population necessitates prospective randomized controlled trials integrated with shotgun metagenomic sequencing. FAU - Pawlowski, Piotr AU - Pawlowski P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1197-7218 AD - Department of Psychology, Psychosocial Aspects of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland. AD - Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Applied Sciences in Chelm, 22-100 Chelm, Poland. FAU - Kosciolek, Otylia AU - Kosciolek O AD - Student Scientific Club at the Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland. FAU - Jezak, Mikolaj AU - Jezak M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-2014-3985 AD - I Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Clinical Hospital No. 4 in Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland. FAU - Jakubik, Karol AU - Jakubik K AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-8880-3522 AD - Doctoral School, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland. AD - I Department of Medical Radiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland. FAU - Kosciolek, Aneta AU - Kosciolek A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5712-1629 AD - Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Applied Sciences in Chelm, 22-100 Chelm, Poland. FAU - Samardakiewicz, Marzena AU - Samardakiewicz M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2793-0756 AD - Department of Psychology, Psychosocial Aspects of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260825 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - *Cancer Survivors/psychology MH - *Gastrointestinal Microbiome/physiology MH - Young Adult MH - *Diet MH - *Brain-Gut Axis/physiology MH - *Neoplasms/psychology MH - Dysbiosis MH - Child MH - *Brain PMC - PMC13567169 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescent and young adult (AYA) OT - childhood cancer survivors OT - dietary patterns OT - human gut microbiota OT - long-term follow-up (LTFU) OT - neurocognitive functioning OT - psychosocial functioning COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/15 05:36 MHDA- 2026/09/15 05:37 PMCR- 2026/08/25 CRDT- 2026/09/15 03:23 PHST- 2026/07/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/15 03:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18172773 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-02773 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18172773 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Aug 25;18(17):2773. doi: 10.3390/nu18172773. PMID- 42738936 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260915 LR - 20260916 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 17 DP - 2026 Aug 24 TI - Prehabilitation Practices for Paediatric Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Survey and Patient and Public Involvement Study of Healthcare Professionals. LID - 10.3390/nu18172762 [doi] LID - 2762 AB - Background/Objectives: Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) causes substantial morbidity in children and young people (CYP). Although prehabilitation benefits adults with cancer, its role in paediatric HSCT remains underexplored. This study aimed to describe current pre-transplant assessment and supportive care practices across paediatric HSCT centres, explore healthcare professional perspectives on prehabilitation implementation, and integrate patient and public involvement (PPI) to inform future intervention design. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was administered to healthcare professionals across 16 paediatric HSCT centres in the UK and the Republic of Ireland, alongside semi-structured PPI discussions conducted with eight children, young people, and caregivers with direct experience of paediatric HSCT. Survey data were analysed descriptively, free-text responses by qualitative content analysis, and PPI by reflexive thematic analysis. Results: Forty-nine eligible responses were received from healthcare professionals. Formal prehabilitation services were reported by 27 (55.1%) respondents, with substantial within-centre variation. Nutritional advice was the most consistently delivered component, 36 (72%), whilst physical activity interventions were the least consistently provided, 13 (26%). Workforce limitations were identified as the dominant barrier by 37 (95%) respondents. PPI findings described provision as reactive and inconsistent, with families expressing preference for flexible, hybrid, and family-centred delivery models. Conclusions: Prehabilitation provision in paediatric HSCT is variable, often informal, and limited by workforce capacity. CYP and caregivers expressed a desire for prehabilitation, particularly through flexible, hybrid (face-to-face and online), and family-centred approaches. Future research should prioritise co-design and feasibility testing of safe, individually tailored programmes that can be integrated into paediatric HSCT pathways. FAU - AbuSalameh, Hala AU - AbuSalameh H AD - Public Health and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK. FAU - Revuelta Iniesta, Raquel AU - Revuelta Iniesta R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5534-7146 AD - Public Health and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK. FAU - Rowley, Deborah AU - Rowley D AD - Public Health and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK. AD - Haematology and Oncology, Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Clarkson Street, Broomhall, Sheffield S10 2TH, UK. LA - eng GR - N/A/Children's Cancer and Leukaemia Group/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260824 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Child MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - Male MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Patient Participation MH - United Kingdom MH - *Health Personnel MH - Ireland MH - *Preoperative Care/methods MH - Adult MH - Child, Preschool PMC - PMC13567236 OTO - NOTNLM OT - children and young people OT - haematopoietic stem cell transplantation OT - healthcare professionals OT - patient and public involvement OT - prehabilitation COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/15 05:36 MHDA- 2026/09/15 05:37 PMCR- 2026/08/24 CRDT- 2026/09/15 03:23 PHST- 2026/07/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/15 03:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18172762 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-02762 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18172762 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Aug 24;18(17):2762. doi: 10.3390/nu18172762. PMID- 42738923 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260915 LR - 20260916 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 17 DP - 2026 Aug 22 TI - Prenatal, Perinatal and Postnatal Exposures and Clinical Factors of Food Allergy Prevention: A Review for the First 1000 Days of Life from the SIAIP Primary and Secondary Prevention of Allergic Diseases Commission. LID - 10.3390/nu18172749 [doi] LID - 2749 AB - Food allergy prevention is no longer understood as the simple avoidance of allergenic foods. The first 1000 days (from conception to, approximately, 24 months of age) include prenatal, perinatal and postnatal windows in which diet, epithelial barrier integrity, microbial ecology, immune maturation and family-level implementation interact. This narrative review was developed as a Commission-proposed SIAIP-oriented clinical framework, rather than a formal guideline or consensus statement. Evidence from guidelines, systematic reviews, randomised trials, birth cohorts and mechanistic studies was organised by developmental window and interpreted according to endpoint validity, confounding, feasibility and clinical readiness. Prenatal factors include maternal allergen non-avoidance, whole-diet quality, micronutrient and fatty acid status, antibiotic exposure, environmental context and maternal microbiome. Perinatal factors include mode of delivery, intrapartum and neonatal antibiotics, gestational maturity, early colonisation, breastfeeding initiation and routine vaccination. Postnatal factors include eczema, skin barrier inflammation, the timing and regularity of allergen introduction, breastfeeding management, infant diet diversity, siblings, daycare, pets, smoke and pollution, physical activity and equitable implementation. The strongest actionable evidence remains eczema-linked risk recognition and timely, sustained oral exposure to peanut and well-cooked egg. Maternal and environmental factors are clinically important, but many are contextual rather than prescriptive; they should guide non-restrictive, non-blaming counselling rather than deterministic risk labelling. FAU - Klain, Angela AU - Klain A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7823-2125 AD - Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', 80138 Naples, Italy. FAU - Cascone, Salvatore AU - Cascone S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-6327-1119 AD - Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', 80138 Naples, Italy. FAU - Grella, Carolina AU - Grella C AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-5029-7895 AD - Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', 80138 Naples, Italy. FAU - Cattivera, Valentina AU - Cattivera V AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-6786-1506 AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy. FAU - Fabiano, Cecilia AU - Fabiano C AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy. FAU - Galletta, Francesca AU - Galletta F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4166-2030 AD - Pediatric Unit, Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age 'Gaetano Barresi', University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy. FAU - Manti, Sara AU - Manti S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5420-8411 AD - Pediatric Unit, Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age 'Gaetano Barresi', University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy. FAU - Senatore, Antonio Andrea AU - Senatore AA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3377-9252 AD - Pediatric Clinic, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Licari, Amelia AU - Licari A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1773-6482 AD - Pediatric Clinic, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico, 27100 Pavia, Italy. AD - Pediatric Unit, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Miraglia Del Giudice, Michele AU - Miraglia Del Giudice M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8369-5957 AD - Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', 80138 Naples, Italy. FAU - Marseglia, Gian Luigi AU - Marseglia GL AD - Pediatric Unit, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Indolfi, Cristiana AU - Indolfi C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9513-193X AD - Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', 80138 Naples, Italy. CN - SIAIP Primary and Secondary Prevention of Allergic Diseases Commission LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260822 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Food Hypersensitivity/prevention & control MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - Infant MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Breast Feeding MH - *Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects MH - Risk Factors MH - Diet MH - Developmental Origins of Health and Disease PMC - PMC13567279 OTO - NOTNLM OT - breastfeeding OT - children OT - eczema OT - environment OT - food allergy OT - microbiome OT - oral tolerance OT - perinatal factors OT - pregnancy OT - prevention OT - siblings OT - vaccination COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/15 05:36 MHDA- 2026/09/15 05:37 PMCR- 2026/08/22 CRDT- 2026/09/15 03:23 PHST- 2026/07/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/15 03:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18172749 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-02749 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18172749 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Aug 22;18(17):2749. doi: 10.3390/nu18172749. PMID- 42738299 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260915 LR - 20260917 IS - 2072-6694 (Print) IS - 2072-6694 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6694 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 17 DP - 2026 Aug 27 TI - Multi-Target HCC Blood Test Demonstrates Consistent Performance Across Subgroups of Patients with Chronic Liver Disease. LID - 10.3390/cancers18172777 [doi] LID - 2777 AB - BACKGROUND: Early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is critical for improving patient outcomes; however, ultrasound-based surveillance has limited sensitivity and variable performance across patient populations. We evaluated the performance of a multitarget HCC blood test (mt-HBT), incorporating methylated DNA markers, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and patient sex, across clinically relevant subgroups. METHODS: We performed a subgroup analysis of a multicenter, prospective case-control study that included 159 patients with early-stage HCC (Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Stage 0/A) and 649 control patients with cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis B without HCC. The mt-HBT combined methylated HOXA1, TSPYL5, and B3GALT6 markers with AFP and sex. Sensitivity and specificity were evaluated overall and according to age, sex, obesity, liver disease etiology, Child Pugh class, and tumor size. Performance was compared with AFP and GALAD. RESULTS: Overall sensitivity and specificity of mt-HBT for early-stage HCC detection were 76.7% (95% CI, 69.6-82.6) and 87.5% (95% CI, 84.8-89.8), respectively. Sensitivity was significantly higher than that of AFP (35.2%, p < 0.001) and comparable to that of GALAD (78.6%, p = 0.56), whereas specificity was lower than that of AFP (98.5%, p < 0.001) but higher than that of GALAD (76.9%, p < 0.001). Sensitivity was maintained across key subgroups, including patients with obesity (68.9%), Child Pugh B cirrhosis (75.0%), hepatitis C (80.0%), hepatitis B (72.2%), alcohol-associated liver disease (80.5%), and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic disease (69.0%) (all p > 0.05 between subgroups). Specificity exceeded 80% in all examined populations and was significantly higher in women than in men (92.5% vs. 83.9%, p < 0.001). Sensitivity increased with tumor size, ranging from 60.0% for tumors < 2 cm to 100% for tumors > 5 cm. CONCLUSIONS: The mt-HBT demonstrated robust, consistent performance for early-stage HCC detection across diverse patient populations, including subgroups in which ultrasound surveillance commonly underperforms. These findings support the prospective validation of mt-HBT as a blood-based surveillance strategy for HCC. FAU - Singal, Amit G AU - Singal AG AD - Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA. FAU - Camardo, Mark AU - Camardo M AD - Abbott, Madison, WI 53719, USA. FAU - Bruinsma, Janelle J AU - Bruinsma JJ AD - Abbott, Madison, WI 53719, USA. FAU - Kielar-Grevstad, Elle AU - Kielar-Grevstad E AD - Abbott, Madison, WI 53719, USA. FAU - Chalasani, Naga AU - Chalasani N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4082-3178 AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA. FAU - John, Binu V AU - John BV AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2002-9682 AD - Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA. AD - Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Miami VA Health System, Miami, FL 33136, USA. LA - eng GR - U01 CA283935/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 CA283935; U01 CA271887; P50 CA295495; CPRIT RP200554/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - I01 CX002654/CX/CSRD VA/United States GR - U01 CA271887/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - VA MERIT I01CX002654 01A1/VA clinical science research and development/ GR - P50 CA295495/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260827 PL - Switzerland TA - Cancers (Basel) JT - Cancers JID - 101526829 PMC - PMC13565293 OTO - NOTNLM OT - liver cancer OT - mt-HBT OT - screening OT - surveillance OT - ultrasound COIS- Dr. Singal has served as a consultant or on advisory boards for Genentech, AstraZeneca, Eisai, Exelixis, Bayer, Merck, Elevar, Boston Scientific, Sirtex, FujiFilm Medical Sciences, Exact Sciences, Helio Genomics, Roche, Glycotest, ImCare, Curve Bio, DELFI, Mursla, Universal Dx, and Abbott. Dr. Chalasani serves as a consultant to Madrigal, GSK, Altimmune, Insitro, Eccogene, Akero, Boston Pharmaceuticals, Zydus, He receives research support from Boerhinger-Ingelheim and Exact Sciences. He has equity in Heligenics, a drug discovery start-up company and Avant Sante, a contract research organization. Dr. John received institutional research support from Exact Sciences, Genentech, and Takeda. Dr. Bruinsma, Dr. Kielar-Grevstad, and Mr. Camardo are employees of Exact Sciences (now Abbott) and were involved in the study design, data interpretation, manuscript preparation, and review. All authors have reviewed and approved the final manuscript. EDAT- 2026/09/15 05:36 MHDA- 2026/09/15 05:37 PMCR- 2026/08/27 CRDT- 2026/09/15 03:22 PHST- 2026/07/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/15 03:22 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - cancers18172777 [pii] AID - cancers-18-02777 [pii] AID - 10.3390/cancers18172777 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cancers (Basel). 2026 Aug 27;18(17):2777. doi: 10.3390/cancers18172777. PMID- 42737710 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260915 LR - 20260916 IS - 1422-0067 (Electronic) IS - 1422-0067 (Linking) VI - 27 IP - 17 DP - 2026 Aug 31 TI - Enzyme-Specific Redox Stability and Plasticity in Trained Youth Athletes: Longitudinal Analysis of SOD and GPX. LID - 10.3390/ijms27177813 [doi] LID - 7813 AB - Resting antioxidant enzyme activity in youth athletes may reflect stable individual redox characteristics and developmentally modulated plasticity. This 12-month longitudinal analysis from the MuCAYA(plus) study examined the tracking of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in 69 trained athletes aged 10-17 years. Participants underwent repeated assessments of antioxidant enzyme activity, training exposure, body composition, and hematological parameters. Longitudinal tracking was evaluated using Pearson correlation and intraclass correlation coefficients, while change-score regression models tested whether changes in training exposure, growth-related variables, sex interactions, and hematological parameters predicted changes in SOD or GPX. In exploratory analyses, cluster-based redox phenotype stability was assessed using agreement statistics. Over 12 months, SOD decreased whereas GPX increased. GPX showed substantial tracking (r = 0.714, p < 0.001; ICC = 0.683), while SOD showed no meaningful tracking (r = 0.057, p = 0.644; ICC = 0.053). No statistically supported associations were detected between changes in training-exposure or growth-related measures and enzyme changes. Exploratory erythrocyte-related associations were observed for SOD, whereas leukocyte and platelet changes were unrelated. Cluster-based SOD/GPX phenotype analyses were not robust. These findings are compatible with a comparatively stronger trait-like component for GPX and greater state-like variability for SOD. FAU - Haferanke, Jonas AU - Haferanke J AD - Institute of Preventive Pediatrics, Department Health and Sport Sciences, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 80809 Munich, Germany. FAU - Dettenhofer, Maximilian AU - Dettenhofer M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-1733-6360 AD - Institute of Preventive Pediatrics, Department Health and Sport Sciences, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 80809 Munich, Germany. FAU - Huber, Stefanie AU - Huber S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-0757-7681 AD - Institute of Preventive Pediatrics, Department Health and Sport Sciences, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 80809 Munich, Germany. FAU - Muhlbauer, Frauke AU - Muhlbauer F AD - Institute of Preventive Pediatrics, Department Health and Sport Sciences, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 80809 Munich, Germany. FAU - Baumgartner, Lisa AU - Baumgartner L AD - Institute of Preventive Pediatrics, Department Health and Sport Sciences, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 80809 Munich, Germany. FAU - Engl, Tobias AU - Engl T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6251-9532 AD - Institute of Preventive Pediatrics, Department Health and Sport Sciences, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 80809 Munich, Germany. FAU - Schulz, Thorsten AU - Schulz T AD - Institute of Preventive Pediatrics, Department Health and Sport Sciences, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 80809 Munich, Germany. FAU - Oberhoffer, Renate AU - Oberhoffer R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3166-0488 AD - Institute of Preventive Pediatrics, Department Health and Sport Sciences, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 80809 Munich, Germany. FAU - Freilinger, Sebastian AU - Freilinger S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-3755-6481 AD - Institute of Preventive Pediatrics, Department Health and Sport Sciences, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 80809 Munich, Germany. LA - eng GR - 516547656/Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260831 PL - Switzerland TA - Int J Mol Sci JT - International journal of molecular sciences JID - 101092791 RN - EC 1.15.1.1 (Superoxide Dismutase) RN - EC 1.11.1.9 (Glutathione Peroxidase) RN - 0 (Antioxidants) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism MH - *Glutathione Peroxidase/metabolism MH - *Athletes MH - Oxidation-Reduction MH - Adolescent MH - Male MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Female MH - Child MH - Antioxidants/metabolism MH - Body Composition PMC - PMC13566580 OTO - NOTNLM OT - antioxidative capacity OT - glutathione peroxidase OT - oxidative stress OT - pediatric exercise science OT - physical activity OT - redox plasticity OT - superoxide dismutase OT - training adaptation OT - young athletes COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/15 05:36 MHDA- 2026/09/15 05:37 PMCR- 2026/08/31 CRDT- 2026/09/15 03:21 PHST- 2026/07/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/15 03:21 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ijms27177813 [pii] AID - ijms-27-07813 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijms27177813 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Mol Sci. 2026 Aug 31;27(17):7813. doi: 10.3390/ijms27177813. PMID- 42736809 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260915 LR - 20261010 IS - 1536-5964 (Electronic) IS - 0025-7974 (Print) IS - 0025-7974 (Linking) VI - 105 IP - 37 DP - 2026 Sep 11 TI - Continuous age-dependent centile curves and preliminary reference intervals for renal biomarkers and electrolytes in healthy Kenyan children under five years: A single-center cross-sectional study. PG - e50653 LID - 10.1097/MD.0000000000050653 [doi] LID - e50653 AB - Renal biomarkers change rapidly in early childhood, but pediatric reference intervals used in African laboratories are often extrapolated from non-African populations and discrete age partitions. This study derived continuous age-dependent centile curves and preliminary reference intervals for body mass index (BMI), serum creatinine, urea, and electrolytes in healthy Kenyan children aged 0 to 60 months. In this cross-sectional study, 176 children (90 males, 86 females) were systematically recruited at Kitui County Referral Hospital between June 2024 and February 2025. Children underwent clinical screening, World Health Organization-standard anthropometry, and morning fasting venous blood sampling. Creatinine and urea were measured using isotope-dilution mass spectrometry-traceable enzymatic assays, and electrolytes by direct ion-selective electrode. Centiles (2.5th, 50th, 97.5th) were estimated non-parametrically with 90% bootstrap confidence intervals, and continuous age trends modeled using generalized additive models for location, scale, and shape or quantile regression. BMI showed modest age-related variation, with median values rising from 15.8 kg/m2 (2.5th-97.5th: 11.4-20.2) at 0 to 11 months to 16.5 kg/m2 (10.1-23.0) at 48 to 60 months, with dispersion narrowing after age 2. Median creatinine rose steeply in infancy and more gradually thereafter, from 17.4 to 31.2 micromol/L. Urea increased gradually from a median of 2.59 to 3.63 mmol/L, with overlapping centile limits across adjacent strata. Electrolytes were tightly regulated and largely age-invariant: sodium ranged from 135 to 147 mmol/L (median ~141), potassium 3.6 to 5.7 mmol/L (median declining from 4.9 to 4.5), and chloride 100 to 111 mmol/L (median ~105-106). Sex-specific partitions were supported only in early life (BMI in infancy, creatinine in toddlers); correlations between anthropometric z-scores and biomarkers were weak (|rho| < 0.15; P > .10). These continuous centile curves provide the first preliminary age-dependent reference estimates for renal biomarkers in Kenyan children under 5, showing rapid early renal maturation alongside stable electrolyte homeostasis. As this cross-sectional design cannot capture within-subject variation, larger multicenter and longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these trajectories, refine intervals, and develop age-dependent z-score calculators for clinical use. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, LLC. FAU - Nganda, Brian AU - Nganda B AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-5981-1424 AD - Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya. FAU - Karanja, Peter AU - Karanja P AD - Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya. FAU - Muna, Kennedy AU - Muna K AD - Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School Pure, Applied, and Health Sciences, Murang'a University of Technology, Murang'a, Kenya. FAU - Moriasi, Gervason AU - Moriasi G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5604-9987 AD - Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, School of Pure and Applied Sciences, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya. AD - Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical School, Mount Kenya University, Thika, Kenya. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Medicine (Baltimore) JT - Medicine JID - 2985248R RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Electrolytes) RN - 8W8T17847W (Urea) RN - AYI8EX34EU (Creatinine) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Kenya MH - Male MH - Infant MH - *Biomarkers/blood MH - *Electrolytes/blood MH - Reference Values MH - *Urea/blood MH - *Creatinine/blood MH - Child, Preschool MH - Body Mass Index MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Age Factors MH - *Kidney PMC - PMC13574458 OTO - NOTNLM OT - diagnostic accuracy OT - generalized additive models OT - pediatric reference intervals OT - renal function biomarkers COIS- The authors have no funding and conflicts of interest to declare. EDAT- 2026/09/15 05:36 MHDA- 2026/09/15 05:37 PMCR- 2026/09/11 CRDT- 2026/09/15 03:20 PHST- 2026/01/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/15 03:20 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 00005792-202609110-00094 [pii] AID - MD-D-25-18841 [pii] AID - 10.1097/MD.0000000000050653 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Medicine (Baltimore). 2026 Sep 11;105(37):e50653. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000050653. PMID- 42736733 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260915 LR - 20261010 IS - 1536-5964 (Electronic) IS - 0025-7974 (Print) IS - 0025-7974 (Linking) VI - 105 IP - 37 DP - 2026 Sep 11 TI - A machine learning model integrating radiomics and clinical factors to predict recurrence risk after rehabilitation in lumbar disc herniation. PG - e50454 LID - 10.1097/MD.0000000000050454 [doi] LID - e50454 AB - This study aimed to construct and internally validate a machine learning model integrating radiomics features and clinical factors to predict post-rehabilitation recurrence risk in patients with lumbar disc herniation (LDH). In this single-center retrospective cohort study, 260 adults aged 18 to 70 years with LDH who completed standardized rehabilitation were analyzed (78 with recurrence and 182 without recurrence). Radiomics features were extracted separately from sagittal T1-weighted, sagittal T2-weighted, and axial T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging, standardized, concatenated across sequences, and reduced using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression. Three logistic regression models were developed: radiomics-only, clinical plus rehabilitation, and combined models. A stratified 70/30 split provided internal validation; receiver operating characteristic curves, calibration analysis, decision curve analysis, and risk stratification were used to evaluate performance. A separate multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify clinically interpretable predictors. Age, body mass index, disc height index, improvement in the Oswestry Disability Index, diabetes, Modic changes, and poor rehabilitation adherence differed significantly between the recurrence and non-recurrence groups (all P < .05). The combined model demonstrated the best predictive performance, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.85 (95% confidence interval: 0.78-0.91), outperforming the radiomics model (AUC = 0.78) and the clinical model (AUC = 0.76). The calibration curve showed strong agreement between predicted and observed recurrence, and decision curve analysis indicated superior net clinical benefit across a wide range of thresholds. Based on predicted probabilities, patients were stratified into low- (<20%), intermediate- (20%-40%), and high-risk (>40%) groups, with recurrence rates of 15.0%, 30.0%, and 66.0%, respectively (P < .001). Multivariable logistic regression identified disc height index (odds ratio [OR] = 1.80), Oswestry Disability Index improvement (OR = 0.65), poor rehabilitation adherence (OR = 2.50), diabetes (OR = 2.10), and Modic changes (OR = 1.90) as independent predictors of recurrence. Integrating multisequence weighted magnetic resonance imaging radiomics with clinical and rehabilitation variables improved internal prediction of post-rehabilitation recurrence in LDH. The combined model may support risk-adapted rehabilitation intensity and follow-up, but it requires prospective, multicenter external validation before routine clinical use. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, LLC. FAU - Qi, Yanhong AU - Qi Y AD - Medical Department, Beidaihe Rest and Recuperation Center of the Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA, Beidaihe City, Hebei Province, China. FAU - Feng, Yifei AU - Feng Y AD - Department of Medical Imaging, Beidaihe Rest and Recuperation Center of the Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA, Beidaihe City, Hebei Province, China. FAU - Xing, Xiaoyue AU - Xing X AD - Department of Medical Imaging, Beidaihe Rest and Recuperation Center of the Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA, Beidaihe City, Hebei Province, China. FAU - Wang, Zhe AU - Wang Z AD - Special Care Department, Beidaihe Rehabilitation and Recuperation Center, Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA, Beidaihe City, Hebei Province, China. FAU - Yang, Yuwei AU - Yang Y AD - Medical Department, Beidaihe Rest and Recuperation Center of the Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA, Beidaihe City, Hebei Province, China. FAU - Zhang, Lin AU - Zhang L AD - Medical Department, Beidaihe Rest and Recuperation Center of the Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA, Beidaihe City, Hebei Province, China. FAU - Yu, Weiguo AU - Yu W AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-1821-7919 AD - Department of Medical Imaging, Beidaihe Rest and Recuperation Center of the Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA, Beidaihe City, Hebei Province, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Medicine (Baltimore) JT - Medicine JID - 2985248R SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Radiomics MH - *Intervertebral Disc Displacement/rehabilitation/diagnostic imaging MH - *Machine Learning MH - Middle Aged MH - Adult MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Recurrence MH - *Lumbar Vertebrae/diagnostic imaging MH - Female MH - Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods MH - Male MH - Predictive Learning Models MH - Aged MH - Logistic Models MH - ROC Curve MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Risk Factors PMC - PMC13574428 OTO - NOTNLM OT - lumbar disc herniation OT - machine learning OT - predictive model OT - radiomics OT - recurrence OT - rehabilitation COIS- The authors have no funding and conflicts of interest to declare. EDAT- 2026/09/15 05:36 MHDA- 2026/09/15 05:37 PMCR- 2026/09/11 CRDT- 2026/09/15 03:20 PHST- 2025/12/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/15 03:20 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 00005792-202609110-00017 [pii] AID - MD-D-25-17232 [pii] AID - 10.1097/MD.0000000000050454 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Medicine (Baltimore). 2026 Sep 11;105(37):e50454. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000050454. PMID- 42736577 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260915 LR - 20260916 IS - 2052-1847 (Print) IS - 2052-1847 (Electronic) IS - 2052-1847 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Aug 18 TI - Effectiveness of virtual reality-based balance training in primary school children: a randomized controlled trial. LID - 10.1186/s13102-026-02006-y [doi] LID - 415 AB - Balance and coordination are fundamental for children's motor development and injury prevention, yet sedentary lifestyles have contributed to their decline. Conventional balance training can be effective, but maintaining children's engagement remains challenging. Virtual reality (VR)-based programs provide immersive and gamified practice and may offer an alternative way to deliver balance- and coordination-related training in schools. This six-week randomized controlled trial compared immersive VR-based training with conventional training in 129 primary school students (VR: n = 64; control: n = 65). Participants trained three times per week for 30 min per session. Balance and coordination were assessed pre- and post-intervention using the Y-Balance Test (YBT composite score) as the primary dynamic-balance outcome, alongside single-leg stance with eyes closed (SLST-EC) and a 1-minute rope-skipping test. Both groups showed significant pre-post improvements across all outcomes (all p < 0.001), but within-group rope-skipping changes were not reliably interpretable as training effects because of likely test-retest familiarization, and SLST-EC changes were constrained by ceiling effects. Between-group comparisons of change scores showed no statistically significant differences for DeltaYBT, DeltaSLST-EC, or Deltarope skipping (all p > 0.05). An ANCOVA adjusting for baseline YBT also showed no group effect on post-intervention YBT (p = 0.442). Overall, immersive VR did not show a statistically significant advantage over conventional training matched for scheduled frequency and session duration in this six-week school-based trial. Trial registration: ISRCTN Registry, ISRCTN37850916, registered on 30 June 2026. Retrospectively registered. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Zhang, Hongfei AU - Zhang H AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-7134-7757 AD - Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, 80-336, Poland. FAU - Hu, Wenjun AU - Hu W AD - Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, 80-336, Poland. FAU - Kortas, Jakub AU - Kortas J AD - Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, 80-336, Poland. jakub.kortas@awf.gda.pl. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260818 PL - England TA - BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil JT - BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation JID - 101605016 PMC - PMC13573351 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Balance training OT - Child health promotion OT - Exercise intervention OT - Motor coordination OT - Virtual reality COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee of Shanxi Engineering Vocational College (Ethics approval No. SEVC-2025-063). Written informed consent was obtained from the parents or legal guardians of all participating children before participation. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/09/15 05:36 MHDA- 2026/09/15 05:37 PMCR- 2026/08/18 CRDT- 2026/09/15 03:10 PHST- 2025/12/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/15 03:10 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s13102-026-02006-y [pii] AID - 2006 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s13102-026-02006-y [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2026 Aug 18;18(1):415. doi: 10.1186/s13102-026-02006-y. PMID- 42736550 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260915 LR - 20260922 IS - 1471-2431 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2431 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Sep 10 TI - Effectiveness of a digi-physical tool and working method for paediatric obesity treatment in Abu Dhabi: a non-inferiority intervention study using an external historical comparator. LID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07623-7 [doi] LID - 868 AB - BACKGROUND: Effective paediatric obesity treatment requires high intensity, scalable interventions. A digi-physical tool for paediatric obesity treatment has shown positive results in Stockholm, Sweden. This study evaluates whether the same treatment method is effective in a different cultural setting. METHODS: This non-inferiority intervention study, using an external historical comparator, included 60 consecutively recruited children aged 6-15.9 years with obesity who initiated treatment at Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City in Abu Dhabi between June and December 2023. Patients were treated with Evira, a digi-physical tool and working method enabling high intensity individualized care, real-time monitoring, and interactive patient-clinician communication. The primary outcome was BMI z-score change at 26 weeks. Non-inferiority was assessed using a predefined margin of 0.10 BMI z-score, with outcomes compared to a prior published trial in Stockholm (n = 107). RESULTS: A total of 112 children were included in the analysis (Abu Dhabi cohort, n = 35; Stockholm cohort, n = 77). The adjusted mean change in BMI z-score was - 0.20 (95% CI: - 0.28, - 0.12) in the Abu Dhabi cohort and - 0.20 (- 0.26, - 0.14) in the Stockholm cohort (p = 0.88). Non-inferiority was confirmed, (predefined margin 0.10 was not exceeded). A clinically significant BMI z-score reduction (>/= 0.20 units) was achieved by 45.7% of participants in Abu Dhabi and 36.4% in Stockholm (p = 0.35). Non-retention rates at 26 weeks were 41.7% vs. 28.0%, respectively (p = 0.07). CONCLUSIONS: The findings provide promising evidence that treatment outcomes achieved with the digi-physical treatment tool were comparable in the Abu Dhabi and Stockholm cohorts, supporting its feasibility in a second cultural and healthcare setting. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Lindberg, Louise AU - Lindberg L AD - Division of Pediatrics, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. louise.lindberg@ki.se. AD - Evira AB, Triewaldsgrand 2, Stockholm, Sweden. louise.lindberg@ki.se. FAU - Hassan Beck, Reem AU - Hassan Beck R AD - Paediatric Endocrine Division, Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. FAU - Danielsson, Pernilla AU - Danielsson P AD - Division of Pediatrics, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Nielsen, Timmy AU - Nielsen T AD - Evira AB, Triewaldsgrand 2, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Abdalla, Asmahan AU - Abdalla A AD - Paediatric Endocrine Division, Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. FAU - Ekstedt, Peter AU - Ekstedt P AD - Swedish Health, Dubai, United Arab Emirates. FAU - Chaturvedi, Deepti AU - Chaturvedi D AD - Paediatric Endocrine Division, Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. FAU - Al Qahtani, Nabras AU - Al Qahtani N AD - Paediatric Endocrine Division, Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. FAU - Marcus, Claude AU - Marcus C AD - Division of Pediatrics, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. AD - Evira AB, Triewaldsgrand 2, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Deeb, Asma AU - Deeb A AD - Paediatric Endocrine Division, Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. AD - Faculty of Health & Science, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. LA - eng PT - Equivalence Trial PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260910 PL - England TA - BMC Pediatr JT - BMC pediatrics JID - 100967804 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Pediatric Obesity/therapy MH - Adolescent MH - Sweden MH - Body Mass Index MH - Treatment Outcome PMC - PMC13573347 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Digital health OT - Home-weighing OT - Non-inferiority intervention study OT - Paediatric obesity OT - Treatment outcome COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was conducted in accordance with the declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Institution Review Board of SSMC, Abu Dhabi (SSMCREC-395) as well as the Stockholm Ethics Committee (approval no. 2018/1413-31, amendment 2024-06085-02). The study is retrospectively registered on Clinicaltrials.gov (ID: NCT06665893) 2024-10-29. Eligible patients were invited to participate, after receiving both oral and written information from one of the study clinicians. Informed consent was obtained from the parents or legal guardians. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: LL and TN are employees of, and have share rights in, Evira AB. CM is a board member and shareholder of Evira AB. EDAT- 2026/09/15 05:36 MHDA- 2026/09/15 05:37 PMCR- 2026/09/10 CRDT- 2026/09/15 02:57 PHST- 2025/04/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/15 02:57 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07623-7 [pii] AID - 7623 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07623-7 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pediatr. 2026 Sep 10;26(1):868. doi: 10.1186/s12887-026-07623-7. PMID- 42736520 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260915 IS - 1933-7205 (Electronic) IS - 1933-7191 (Linking) DP - 2026 Sep 14 TI - Circulating Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 4 (FABP4) in Adolescents with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Metabolic Correlates and Diagnostic Performance. LID - 10.1007/s43032-026-02189-2 [doi] AB - To compare circulating fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) concentrations in adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and controls, examine its metabolic correlates, and evaluate its diagnostic performance. This prospective observational study included 88 adolescents (44 PCOS, 44 controls) aged 10-19 years. PCOS was diagnosed using 2023 ESHRE/ASRM criteria. Clinical, anthropometric, and biochemical parameters were assessed. Serum FABP4 was measured via ELISA. Statistical analyses included multivariable linear regression, Firth's penalized logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Median FABP4 levels were significantly higher in adolescents with PCOS compared to controls (5.74 vs. 3.59 ng/mL, p < 0.001). Multivariable linear regression demonstrated that PCOS status, body mass index (BMI), and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) associated with higher FABP4 concentrations. Multivariable logistic regression identified free androgen index (FAI) and FABP4 as variables independently associated with PCOS. ROC analysis showed FABP4 (> 4.08 ng/mL) yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.849 (81.8% sensitivity, 75.0% specificity). The combination of FABP4 and FAI improved model discrimination compared with FAI alone (DeltaAUC = 0.133, p = 0.001), and this improvement remained significant after BMI adjustment. Circulating FABP4 is elevated in adolescents with PCOS and is associated with PCOS status, BMI, and insulin resistance. In this cohort, FABP4 provided complementary metabolic information when interpreted alongside FAI; however, BMI-matched, body composition-characterized, and externally validated studies are needed before FABP4 can be considered a clinically generalizable adjunctive biomarker in adolescent PCOS. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Society for Reproductive Investigation. FAU - Codal, Bahadir AU - Codal B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0044-9820 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Bursa, Nev Anadolu Hospital, Nev Anadolu Hospital, 16110, Bursa, Turkiye. bahadrcodal@gmail.com. FAU - Kurt, Ahmet AU - Kurt A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8402-5675 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gemlik State Hospital, Bursa, Turkiye. FAU - Kaplan, Hacer AU - Kaplan H AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-9240-4065 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Etlik City Hospital, Ankara, Turkiye. FAU - Cakir, Ayberk AU - Cakir A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5749-4556 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Acibadem University Atakent Hospital, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Hizli, Burak AU - Hizli B AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-6060-1761 AD - School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Usak University, Usak, Turkiye. FAU - Ozler, Mustafa Rasit AU - Ozler MR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5911-6786 AD - Department of Perinatology, Bursa City Hospital, Bursa, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260914 PL - United States TA - Reprod Sci JT - Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) JID - 101291249 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adipokines OT - Adolescent OT - Biomarkers OT - Fatty acid-binding protein 4 OT - Hyperandrogenism OT - Insulin resistance OT - Polycystic ovary syndrome COIS- Declarations. Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate: The study protocol was approved by the Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University Medical Research Evaluation Commission (ATADEK) (Approval No: ATADEK-2026-01/07). The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants and their legal guardians prior to enrollment. Consent for Publication: The authors declare that they agree to publication. Conflict of interest: The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this article. No financial or personal relationships exist that could inappropriately influence or bias the content of the work. EDAT- 2026/09/15 05:36 MHDA- 2026/09/15 05:36 CRDT- 2026/09/15 02:51 PHST- 2026/03/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/15 02:51 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s43032-026-02189-2 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s43032-026-02189-2 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Reprod Sci. 2026 Sep 14. doi: 10.1007/s43032-026-02189-2. PMID- 42734924 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260914 LR - 20260914 IS - 1873-5843 (Electronic) IS - 0887-6177 (Linking) VI - 41 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Sep 9 TI - Characterizing neuropsychological performance and its nutritional, visual, and physiological correlates in children. LID - acag071 [pii] LID - 10.1093/arclin/acag071 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To characterize neuropsychological performance in Ghanaian preadolescent children and examine its associations with demographic, health, nutritional, and visual factors. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 290 preadolescent school children (median age: 11.0 years [IQR: 2.0]; range: 8-11 years; 54.8% female) from urban and rural public and private schools in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. Neuropsychological function was assessed using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery, covering memory, executive function, attention, and psychomotor domains (minimum analytical sample: n = 150). Spearman's rank correlations assessed convergent validity and domain-specific independence. Associations between participant characteristics and cognitive performance were examined using multivariable linear regression, with Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate (FDR) correction applied across all regression tests. Statistical significance was defined as an FDR-adjusted q < 0.05, whereas both unadjusted p-values and adjusted q-values were reported for transparency. RESULTS: Cognitive performance exhibited a predominantly modular structure, characterized by strong within-task coherence and limited cross-domain integration. Males performed better than females on visual learning and psychomotor speed tasks, particularly Paired Associates Learning and movement reaction time measures (p < .05), whereas simple reaction time did not differ between sexes (p > .05). Following Benjamini-Hochberg FDR correction, no associations between cognitive performance and demographic, health, nutritional, or visual factors remained statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Neuropsychological functioning in Ghanaian preadolescent children appears to be predominantly modular, with limited evidence that demographic, health, nutritional, or visual factors are independently associated with cognitive performance after correction for multiple comparisons. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site-for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com. FAU - Osei Duah Junior, Isaiah AU - Osei Duah Junior I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4501-8602 AD - Department of Optometry and Visual Science, College of Science, PMB, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana. AD - Department of Psychology, John R. and Kathy R. Hairston College of Health and Human Sciences, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, United States of America. FAU - Ashon, Nana Aba Senuwah AU - Ashon NAS AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-4618-8321 AD - Department of Optometry and Visual Science, College of Science, PMB, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana. FAU - Ofori-Asare, Wendy AU - Ofori-Asare W AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-2401-9561 AD - Department of Optometry and Visual Science, College of Science, PMB, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana. FAU - Johnson, Elizabeth J AU - Johnson EJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8508-0032 AD - Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, United States of America. FAU - Amoako, Mary AU - Amoako M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9387-2286 AD - Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, College of Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana. FAU - Adu-Owusu, Dorcas AU - Adu-Owusu D AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-7594-3626 AD - Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, College of Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana. FAU - Boateng, Josephine Ampomah AU - Boateng JA AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-3522-5012 AD - Department of Optometry and Visual Science, College of Science, PMB, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana. FAU - Boateng, Charllote AU - Boateng C AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-3778-1318 AD - Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, United States of America. FAU - Akuffo, Kwadwo Owusu AU - Akuffo KO AD - Department of Optometry and Visual Science, College of Science, PMB, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana. LA - eng GR - N.A.S.A./ PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Arch Clin Neuropsychol JT - Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists JID - 9004255 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Neuropsychological Tests MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Psychomotor Performance/physiology MH - *Executive Function/physiology MH - *Attention/physiology MH - Ghana MH - Processing Speed MH - *Cognition/physiology MH - Memory/physiology MH - *Nutritional Status/physiology MH - *Visual Perception/physiology MH - Reaction Time/physiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - attention OT - cognitive enhancements OT - executive functions OT - gender effects OT - learning and memory OT - perception/spatial processing EDAT- 2026/09/14 17:40 MHDA- 2026/09/14 17:41 CRDT- 2026/09/14 11:33 PHST- 2026/03/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/14 17:41 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/14 17:40 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/14 11:33 [entrez] AID - 8793661 [pii] AID - 10.1093/arclin/acag071 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Arch Clin Neuropsychol. 2026 Sep 9;41(7):acag071. doi: 10.1093/arclin/acag071. PMID- 42734311 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260914 LR - 20260914 IS - 1970-7096 (Electronic) IS - 1827-1987 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Jul 23 TI - Household-level spatial modelling of child height-for-age in Northern Province, Rwanda: comparison of geographically weighted and neural network weighted regression models. LID - 10.4081/gh.2026.1491 [doi] AB - Childhood stunting remains a major public health concern in low- and middle-income countries, with persistent sub-national disparities. This study examined spatially varying associations between Height-for-Age z-scores (HAZ) and selected child, maternal, and household factors, and compared Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR), Multi-scale GWR (MGWR) and Geographically Neural Network Weighted Regression (GNNWR) in their ability to capture spatial heterogeneity and non-linearity. We analysed data from a cross-sectional survey conducted in December 2021 in the Northern Province of Rwanda. The survey covered 615 households, with analyses performed for 601 children aged 1-36 months. After imputation, multicollinearity screening, and feature selection, HAZ was modelled using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), GWR, MGWR and GNNWR. Model performance was assessed using coefficient of determination (R2), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Akaike Information Criterion/AIC Corrected (AIC/AICc), and Moran's I of residuals. Overall stunting prevalence was 27.1%. Spatially varying associations were observed for child age, sex, birthweight, underweight status, selected childcare practices, maternal support, and household living conditions. GNNWR achieved the best training performance (R2 = 0.66; RMSE=0.74) followed by MGWR (R2 =0.51; RMSE=0.88) and GWR (R2 =0.43; RMSE=0.95). Validation performance declined for all models, although GNNWR retained a higher validation (R2=0.28) with negligible residual spatial autocorrelation (Moran's I = -0.005). GNNWR provided the strongest overall fit among the compared models and highlighted local spatial variation in associations with HAZ. However, the modest validation performance indicates that the findings should be interpreted cautiously. The workflow offers a portable framework for analysing DHS-like geocoded household datasets, but broader applicability should be assessed using spatial cross-validation, and sensitivity analyses. FAU - Kagoyire, Clarisse AU - Kagoyire C AD - Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Centre for GIS and Remote Sensing, College of Science and Technology, University of Rwanda, Kigali. FAU - Nduwayezu, Gilbert AU - Nduwayezu G AD - Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatics Engineering, College of Science and Technology, University of Rwanda, Kigali. FAU - Oucheikh, Rachid AU - Oucheikh R AD - Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lund University, Lund. FAU - Bizimana, Jean Pierre AU - Bizimana JP AD - Department of Spatial Planning, School of Architecture and Built Environment, College of Science and Technology, University of Rwanda, Kigali. FAU - Pilesjo, Petter AU - Pilesjo P AD - Lund University, Lund, Sweden. FAU - Mansourian, Ali AU - Mansourian A AD - Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lund University, Lund. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260914 PL - Italy TA - Geospat Health JT - Geospatial health JID - 101302943 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Rwanda/epidemiology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - Infant MH - Male MH - *Body Height MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Growth Disorders/epidemiology MH - *Family Characteristics MH - *Neural Networks, Computer MH - *Spatial Analysis MH - *Spatial Regression OTO - NOTNLM OT - Child height-for-age OT - Rwanda OT - childhood stunting OT - geographically weighted regression OT - spatial heterogeneity EDAT- 2026/09/14 11:40 MHDA- 2026/09/14 11:41 CRDT- 2026/09/14 08:42 PHST- 2026/01/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/14 11:41 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/14 11:40 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/14 08:42 [entrez] AID - 10.4081/gh.2026.1491 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Geospat Health. 2026 Jul 23;21(2). doi: 10.4081/gh.2026.1491. Epub 2026 Sep 14. PMID- 42731058 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260912 IS - 2047-945X (Electronic) IS - 0260-1060 (Linking) DP - 2026 Sep 12 TI - Does the British Columbia Farmers' Market Nutrition Coupon Program improve the diet quality and food security of parents and children with lower incomes? Protocol for a dose-response, pragmatic randomized controlled trial. PG - 2601060261473062 LID - 10.1177/02601060261473062 [doi] AB - BackgroundThe British Columbia Farmers' Market Nutrition Coupon Program (FMNCP) provides lower-income households with coupons to purchase healthy foods at farmers' markets.AimThis pragmatic randomized controlled trial (RCT) will examine the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of two higher subsidies for healthy food, compared to the usual FMNCP healthy food subsidy, on the diet quality (primary outcome), food insecurity, and other health-related outcomes of 276 parent-child dyads with lower incomes.MethodsIn this single-blind, three-arm, parallel-group pragmatic RCT, 276 parent-child dyads in lower-income households will be randomized to receive the usual FMNCP healthy food subsidy ($27/week) or a subsidy that is two ($54/week) or three times ($81/week) higher. Participants will receive 16 weeks of coupons that can be redeemed for up to 20 weeks. Outcomes will be assessed in one parent (18-64 years) and child (6-17 years) from each household pre-, mid-, and post-intervention. Dietary intake will be collected via two 24-h dietary recalls at each time point to calculate diet quality using the Healthy Eating Food Index-2019. Food insecurity and other health-related outcomes will be assessed using validated self-reported instruments. Mixed effects regression will assess the effects of the interventions, relative to the usual subsidy, on outcomes in parents and children. A full incremental analysis will quantify the cost-effectiveness ratios of the healthy food subsidies.SummaryThis dose-response RCT will show how the diet quality, food insecurity, and other health-related outcomes of parents and children vary according to subsidy amount.Trial registrationThe trial is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT06992947). FAU - Olstad, Dana Lee AU - Olstad DL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9787-9952 AD - Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. RINGGOLD: 70401 FAU - Campbell, David Jt AU - Campbell DJ AD - Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. RINGGOLD: 70401 AD - Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary Foothills Medical Centre-North Tower, Calgary, AB, Canada. AD - Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada. FAU - Sajobi, Tolulope T AU - Sajobi TT AD - Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. RINGGOLD: 70401 FAU - O'Hara, Heather AU - O'Hara H AD - British Columbia Association of Farmers' Markets, Vancouver, BC, Canada. RINGGOLD: 576770 FAU - Leblanc, Peter AU - Leblanc P AD - British Columbia Association of Farmers' Markets, Vancouver, BC, Canada. RINGGOLD: 576770 FAU - McCormack, Gavin R AU - McCormack GR AD - Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. RINGGOLD: 70401 FAU - Radin-Pereira, Leticia AU - Radin-Pereira L AD - Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. RINGGOLD: 70401 FAU - Lee, Yun Yun AU - Lee YY AD - Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. RINGGOLD: 70401 FAU - Aktary, Michelle L AU - Aktary ML AD - Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. RINGGOLD: 70401 FAU - Minaker, Leia M AU - Minaker LM AD - Future Cities Institute, School of Planning, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada. RINGGOLD: 8430 FAU - Spackman, Eldon AU - Spackman E AD - Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. RINGGOLD: 70401 LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT06992947 PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260912 PL - England TA - Nutr Health JT - Nutrition and health JID - 8306569 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Randomized controlled trial OT - adults OT - children OT - diet quality OT - dose-response OT - farmers' market OT - food insecurity OT - healthy food subsidy OT - lower-income OT - parental shielding EDAT- 2026/09/13 00:50 MHDA- 2026/09/13 00:50 CRDT- 2026/09/12 13:03 PHST- 2026/09/13 00:50 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/13 00:50 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/12 13:03 [entrez] AID - 10.1177/02601060261473062 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Nutr Health. 2026 Sep 12:2601060261473062. doi: 10.1177/02601060261473062. PMID- 42730926 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260912 IS - 1432-1998 (Electronic) IS - 0301-0449 (Linking) DP - 2026 Sep 12 TI - Musculoskeletal ultrasonography of lower extremity entheses in children and adolescents - a pilot study of normal B-mode and Doppler characteristics. LID - 10.1007/s00247-026-06784-y [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Musculoskeletal ultrasonography is an important imaging modality in children. Features of arthritis are well defined and age-related normative data exist. Data on entheses are limited with no consensus on definition of pathology. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate entheseal thickness, echotexture, and presence of vascularity in healthy children and adolescents as a prerequisite for distinction from pathology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Children and adolescents without musculoskeletal conditions underwent standardized B-mode and power Doppler ultrasonography of the dominant hip, knee, and ankle entheses. Entheseal thickness, echotexture, and vascularity were assessed, alongside demographic, puberty, and physical activity data. Statistical analysis included intraclass correlation coefficients, single regression, and t-tests. RESULTS: Seventy-nine healthy participants (mean age 10.5 years; 48% female) were included. All 782 evaluated entheses showed normal B-mode echotexture. Inter- and intraobserver reliability was high to excellent, with intraclass correlation coefficient values ranging from 0.84-0.99 and 0.91-0.99, respectively. Entheseal thickness correlated significantly with age (r = 0.65-0.90), lacking sex-specific differences at most sites. Minor power Doppler activity was detected in 1-44% of entheses within 2 mm of the insertion, increasing to 2-68% within 5 mm. Doppler signals were most frequent at proximal sartorius and knee entheses. CONCLUSION: Entheseal thickness correlates with age, but sex differences are minimal. Mild signals are common at the sartorius, quadriceps, and Achilles entheses with normal B-mode findings. Pathologic Doppler may require accompanying B-mode abnormalities. These data broaden the base for ultrasonography of pediatric entheses and facilitate differentiation of pathology from normal findings. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Hansmann, Sandra AU - Hansmann S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7486-3090 AD - Department of Neuropediatrics, General Pediatrics, Diabetology, Endocrinology and Social Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital Tubingen, Tubingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 1, 72076 Tubingen, Germany. sandra.hansmann@klinikum.uni-tuebingen.de. FAU - Roth, Johannes AU - Roth J AD - Childrens's Hospital of Central Switzerland, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260912 PL - Germany TA - Pediatr Radiol JT - Pediatric radiology JID - 0365332 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Doppler OT - Enthesis OT - Healthy children OT - Lower extremity OT - Pediatric rheumatology OT - Ultrasound COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was approved by the local Ethics Committee of the University of Tubingen (No. 721/2019BO1, approval June 10, 2020) and adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants and their legal guardians. Conflicts of interest: None EDAT- 2026/09/13 00:50 MHDA- 2026/09/13 00:50 CRDT- 2026/09/12 11:14 PHST- 2026/05/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/13 00:50 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/13 00:50 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/12 11:14 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00247-026-06784-y [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00247-026-06784-y [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Pediatr Radiol. 2026 Sep 12. doi: 10.1007/s00247-026-06784-y. PMID- 42730602 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260921 IS - 1365-2516 (Electronic) IS - 1351-8216 (Linking) DP - 2026 Sep 12 TI - Living With Factor VII Deficiency-A Mixed Methods Study. LID - 10.1111/hae.70404 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Factor VII deficiency (FVIID) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder, resulting in potentially unpredictable and life-threatening bleeding. The prevalence of symptomatic patients is 1 in 300,000. Treatment is mostly given following bleeding, but those with the lowest levels may be offered prophylaxis. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to explore the real-life impact of FVIID on individuals and their families, focusing on psychosocial wellbeing and quality of life (QoL). METHODS: The study used a quantitative survey, including validated QoL tools, and qualitative one-to-one interviews to enable deeper exploration of the quantitative findings. RESULTS: One hundred people with FVIID (74 adults; 26 caregivers of children) completed the survey; 24 (18 adults; 6 caregivers) were interviewed. A significant gender-based disparity was observed: males were diagnosed at a median age of 4 years, versus 17 years in females (p < 0.001). 56% of respondents reported a mean of 1.25 bleeds per week; significantly higher in women than men (mean 1.65 vs. 0.53/week, respectively; p < 0.01). QoL scores decreased with increased bleeding measured by the self-BAT (p < 0.001). Bleeding was associated with significant social impact: missed physical activity (64%), avoidance of social engagements (53%) and lost education (50%). Interviews yielded six core themes associated with unmet need. CONCLUSION: FVIID causes significant challenges, disproportionately borne by women and compounded by gaps in management, especially treatment. Current treatments are burdensome and fail to prevent breakthrough bleeds. People with FVIID have unmet needs that require therapeutic innovation, improved diagnosis and management strategies, and data collection to improve their QoL and outcomes. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Haemophilia published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Fletcher, Simon AU - Fletcher S AD - Haemnet Ltd, London, UK. FAU - Boyton, Matthew AU - Boyton M AD - Haemnet Ltd, London, UK. FAU - Bristow, Sam AU - Bristow S AD - Haemnet Ltd, London, UK. FAU - Khair, Kate AU - Khair K AD - Haemnet Ltd, London, UK. LA - eng GR - Hemab Therapeutics/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260912 PL - England TA - Haemophilia JT - Haemophilia : the official journal of the World Federation of Hemophilia JID - 9442916 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - factor VII deficiency OT - mixed methods OT - natural history OT - quality of life OT - unmet need EDAT- 2026/09/13 00:50 MHDA- 2026/09/13 00:50 CRDT- 2026/09/12 08:23 PHST- 2026/08/31 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/13 00:50 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/13 00:50 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/12 08:23 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/hae.70404 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Haemophilia. 2026 Sep 12. doi: 10.1111/hae.70404. PMID- 42730388 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260912 LR - 20260914 IS - 2168-8184 (Print) IS - 2168-8184 (Electronic) IS - 2168-8184 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Academic- and Family-Related Correlates of Anxiety Among College-Going Adolescents in Central India: A Cross-Sectional Study. PG - e114386 LID - 10.7759/cureus.114386 [doi] LID - e114386 AB - BACKGROUND: Anxiety is the most common mental health disorder among adolescents worldwide. In India, intense academic competition and evolving family dynamics add to this burden, yet systematic data from smaller central Indian districts are scarce. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to determine the prevalence and severity of anxiety among college-going adolescents aged 17-19 years in Ratlam district, Madhya Pradesh, and to examine its association with academic- and family-related factors. METHODS: In this cross-sectional observational study, 550 first-year students were enrolled from 10 colleges (five professional, five nonprofessional) through multistage random sampling between June 2023 and November 2024. Depression, anxiety, and stress were measured with the validated Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21). Family-related factors included family type, parental marital status, sibling count, and paternal education, while academic-related factors included college type. Associations were assessed with the chi-square test and Cramer's V, and factors independently associated with clinically significant anxiety were assessed using binary logistic regression, yielding adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), using R (version 4.3); p < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Clinically significant anxiety was recorded in 178 participants (32.36%) (mild: 110 (20.00%); moderate: 57 (10.36%); severe: 11 (2.00%)), making anxiety the most prevalent DASS-21 domain ahead of stress (116; 21.09%) and depression (62; 11.28%). On multivariable analysis, female sex (AOR: 2.26; 95% CI: 1.45-3.52; p < 0.001), professional-college enrolment (AOR: 1.45; 95% CI: 1.05-2.01; p = 0.024), and hostel residence (AOR: 1.68; 95% CI: 1.15-2.45; p = 0.007) were independently associated with higher odds of clinically significant anxiety, whereas joint-family structure was associated with lower odds (AOR: 0.62; 95% CI: 0.42-0.91; p = 0.015). Nuclear-family students showed the highest anxiety prevalence (113 of 301; 37.54%) compared with joint-family students (59 of 230; 25.70%). Music (226; 41.09%) and social connection (95; 17.27%) were the most frequently used coping strategies, whereas physical exercise was rarely used (8; 1.45%). CONCLUSIONS: Academic- and family-related factors were associated with anxiety among college-going adolescents. These findings support the need for campus-based mental-health screening, accessible counselling services, and promotion of healthy coping strategies, including physical activity. CI - Copyright (c) 2026, Chawla et al. FAU - Chawla, Heena AU - Chawla H AD - Community Medicine, Dr. Laxminarayan Pandey Government Medical College, Ratlam, IND. FAU - Sinha, Umesh AU - Sinha U AD - Community Medicine, Dr. Laxminarayan Pandey Government Medical College, Ratlam, IND. FAU - Agriya, Rajkumar AU - Agriya R AD - Community Medicine, Dr. Laxminarayan Pandey Government Medical College, Ratlam, IND. FAU - Ranasaria, Hitesh AU - Ranasaria H AD - Orthopedics, Virendra Kumar Sakhlecha Government Medical College, Neemuch, IND. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260811 PL - United States TA - Cureus JT - Cureus JID - 101596737 PMC - PMC13566112 OTO - NOTNLM OT - academic factors OT - adolescent anxiety OT - college students OT - cross-sectional study OT - dass-21 OT - family factors OT - mental health COIS- Human subjects: Informed consent for treatment and open access publication was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Government Autonomous Medical College, Ratlam issued approval GMC/RATLAM/2023/IEC/Approval/09. The institutional ethics committee meeting held on 27.05.2023 and 28.05.2023 approved the research project entitled "Assessment of Mental Well-being and its correlates in college-going adolescents (17-19 years) of Ratlam District. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work. EDAT- 2026/09/13 00:50 MHDA- 2026/09/13 00:51 PMCR- 2026/08/11 CRDT- 2026/09/12 08:04 PHST- 2026/08/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/13 00:51 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/13 00:50 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/12 08:04 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.7759/cureus.114386 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cureus. 2026 Aug 11;18(8):e114386. doi: 10.7759/cureus.114386. eCollection 2026 Aug. PMID- 42729466 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260912 LR - 20260914 IS - 2451-8654 (Electronic) IS - 2451-8654 (Linking) VI - 53 DP - 2026 Oct TI - From Kitchen to Clinic: Study protocol for a family-centered, food-as-medicine approach using medically tailored meals and caregiver coaching in pediatric oncology care. PG - 101681 LID - 10.1016/j.conctc.2026.101681 [doi] LID - 101681 AB - BACKGROUND: Children undergoing cancer treatment are at high risk for malnutrition, poor diet quality, and early cardiometabolic risk due to treatment-related side effects, disrupted appetite, and household-level barriers to healthy eating. Caregivers play a central role in nutritional support during treatment but often experience substantial burden, time constraints, and nutrition insecurity. Food-as-medicine strategies, including medically tailored meals (MTMs), have shown promise in adult populations but remain underexplored in pediatric oncology, particularly during active treatment and within family-centered models. OBJECTIVE: The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and adherence of From Kitchen to Clinic, a 12-week, family-centered food-as-medicine intervention that integrates MTM delivery with caregiver coaching for caregivers of children undergoing cancer treatment. Secondary objectives include collecting exploratory data on patient dietary intake, weight and lean body mass trajectories, treatment tolerance, household food and nutrition security, and caregiver burden and distress to inform a future definitive trial. METHODS: This prospective, single-arm feasibility study will enroll 60 caregiver-child dyads (N = 120) recruited from three outpatient pediatric oncology clinics at a large children's hospital. The 12-week intervention includes an intensive phase (weeks 1-8) with weekly MTM delivery and caregiver coaching, followed by a tapered phase (weeks 9-12) with reduced meal frequency and bi-weekly coaching. Feasibility outcomes include recruitment, retention, assessment completion, intervention adherence, and acceptability, evaluated against predefined progression criteria. Exploratory outcomes will be assessed at baseline and at 3, 6, and 12 months post-intervention using validated dietary, anthropometric, clinical, and caregiver-reported measures. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT07454902. CI - (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. FAU - Milliron, Brandy-Joe AU - Milliron BJ AD - Department of Health Sciences, College of Nursing and Health Professions, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Schlechter, Haley AU - Schlechter H AD - Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, King of Prussia, PA, USA. FAU - Muir, Cass AU - Muir C AD - The Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Supportive Care in Oncology Research (SCORe) Program, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Moss, Cynthia AU - Moss C AD - The Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Supportive Care in Oncology Research (SCORe) Program, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Henstenburg, Jule Anne AU - Henstenburg JA AD - MANNA Institute, Metropolitan Area Neighborhood Nutrition Alliance, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Rappaport, Kylee AU - Rappaport K AD - Department of Health Sciences, College of Nursing and Health Professions, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Boakye, Faustina AU - Boakye F AD - Department of Health Sciences, College of Nursing and Health Professions, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Deutsch, Jonathan M AU - Deutsch JM AD - Department of Health Sciences, College of Nursing and Health Professions, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Jubelirer, Tracey AU - Jubelirer T AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT07454902 PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260829 PL - Netherlands TA - Contemp Clin Trials Commun JT - Contemporary clinical trials communications JID - 101671157 PMC - PMC13562409 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Caregiving OT - Feasibility OT - Food as medicine OT - Medically tailored meals OT - Nutrition OT - Pediatric oncology OT - Survivorship COIS- The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/09/13 00:50 MHDA- 2026/09/13 00:51 PMCR- 2026/08/29 CRDT- 2026/09/12 06:51 PHST- 2026/03/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/13 00:51 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/13 00:50 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/12 06:51 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2451-8654(26)00088-8 [pii] AID - 101681 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.conctc.2026.101681 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Contemp Clin Trials Commun. 2026 Aug 29;53:101681. doi: 10.1016/j.conctc.2026.101681. eCollection 2026 Oct. PMID- 42728946 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260912 LR - 20260914 IS - 2633-4402 (Electronic) IS - 2633-4402 (Linking) VI - 5 DP - 2025 TI - Adapt-Ed: co-designing adaptations to a whole school intervention to improve the uptake and impact of food provision in special schools - scoping research for a future trial. PG - 50 LID - 10.3310/nihropenres.13897.2 [doi] LID - 50 AB - BACKGROUND: Children and young people (CYP) with Special Educational Needs and/or Disabilities (SEND) are more likely to grow up in poverty and be entitled to free school meals than other children. However, they might not eat well at school because their needs aren't always accommodated. There is a need to understand school food provision for children with SEND and how the whole school food environment (WSFE) can be improved to address health inequalities. METHODS: We conducted scoping research and involved public and professional stakeholders in co-producing adaptations to a whole school food approach called Healthy Zones (HZ). The aim was to inform a future proposal to implement and evaluate the Adapt-ed HZ intervention in special schools. The four work packages (WP) (June to November 2024) were: WP1: establish stakeholder groups to co-produce a logic model and HZ adaptations; WP2: scoping reviews of food interventions for CYP with SEND; WP3: analysis of publicly available administrative data and online survey; WP4: ethnographic case studies of three special schools. RESULTS: Working with CYP with SEND, parents, carers and professionals in schools and policy roles, Adapt-Ed has provided a wealth of information to tailor and refine the HZ approach for special schools. It has included extensive public involvement and scoping research to inform future research. The work has led to a draft logic model and outline research plan which have been co-produced with public and professional stakeholders throughout. CONCLUSION: Through this project we have co-produced HZ adaptations and a draft logic model and learned there is a need and demand for Adapt-Ed HZ to enhance WSFEs in special schools and promote children's health and wellbeing. Subject to a feasibility study to refine the research protocol and test data collection methods, a trial is recommended to implement and evaluate the effect of Adapt-Ed HZ on the health and wellbeing of children with SEND. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 O'Connell R et al. FAU - O'Connell, Rebecca AU - O'Connell R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1515-2659 AD - University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, England, UK. FAU - Ludlow, Amanda AU - Ludlow A AD - University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, England, UK. FAU - Holford, Angus AU - Holford A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2019-4845 AD - University of Essex, Colchester, England, UK. FAU - Hamilton, Laura AU - Hamilton L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2388-3278 AD - University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, England, UK. FAU - Brady, Louca-Mai AU - Brady LM AD - University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, England, UK. FAU - Denyer, Lauren AU - Denyer L AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-6423-9663 AD - University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, England, UK. FAU - Feltham, Andy AU - Feltham A AD - University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, England, UK. FAU - Wellsted, David AU - Wellsted D AD - University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, England, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260801 PL - England TA - NIHR Open Res JT - NIHR open research JID - 9918333281906676 PMC - PMC13560602 OAB - Why are we doing this project? Eating nutritious food at school can create more equality in the diets and lives of children from lower and higher income families. However, children with special educational needs and/or disabilities (SEND) might not be able to eat well at school because their needs aren't always accommodated. Schools can have an influence on children's eating habits, including education and activities outside school. Making learning about and eating nutritious food part of all aspects of the school day is known as a 'whole school approach'. This approach can increase the number of children who eat school dinners and improve their health and wellbeing. We wanted to explore how a 'whole school approach' called Healthy Zones might work in special schools. What have we done so far? We involved children and young people, their caregivers, and people who work in or for schools in our plans. This helped us to create an idea of what the approach needs to grow and have good outcomes. We reviewed past research to identify ways to measure nutritious eating for children with SEND. This helped us discover that there are not enough ways to measure nutritious eating for children with SEND. We explored existing information on free school meals and found out that children with SEND are more likely to be eligible for free school meals, but less likely to have one in some schools. We worked with three special schools in the East of England to find out how taking part in future research would work for them. This helped us identify the opportunities and practicalities of trying out a whole school approach in future research. What is next? We will use what we've learned to apply for a new project to test our Adapt-Ed Healthy Zones in special schools. OABL- eng OTO - NOTNLM OT - School food OT - children and young people OT - co-production OT - health inequalities OT - mixed methods OT - special educational needs and disabilities OT - whole school food environments COIS- Competing interests: From 2019-2026 RO'C was a voluntary trustee / Chair of Trustees, of the charity School Food Matters (SFM). SFM exists to teach children about food and to improve children's access to healthy, sustainable food during their time at school. SFM delivers the Healthy Zones programme and is a collaborator on the Application Development Award underpinning this work. EDAT- 2026/09/13 00:50 MHDA- 2026/09/13 00:51 PMCR- 2026/08/01 CRDT- 2026/09/12 05:55 PHST- 2026/07/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/13 00:51 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/13 00:50 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/12 05:55 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3310/nihropenres.13897.2 [doi] PST - epublish SO - NIHR Open Res. 2026 Aug 1;5:50. doi: 10.3310/nihropenres.13897.2. eCollection 2025. PMID- 42728700 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261022 LR - 20261022 IS - 1439-4286 (Electronic) IS - 0018-5043 (Linking) VI - 58 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Association of Progesterone and Prolactin with Hepatic Steatosis in Premenopausal Women: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study. PG - 413-418 LID - 10.1055/a-2949-7994 [doi] AB - This study aimed to investigate the association between hepatic steatosis and serum levels of reproductive hormones in premenopausal women, with particular focus on progesterone and prolactin. A total of 87 premenopausal women aged 18-45 years were included in this prospective study. Participants were classified by ultrasonographic steatosis status and grade. Blood samples obtained on day 3 of the menstrual cycle were used to measure follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol, progesterone, and prolactin levels. Women with overt metabolic and endocrine disorders were excluded. Multivariable logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic analyses were performed. Hepatic steatosis was present in 53 participants (60.9%), whereas 34 participants had no steatosis. Progesterone and prolactin levels were significantly lower in participants with hepatic steatosis than in those without steatosis (0.6 vs. 1.1 ng/mL and 7.9 vs. 11.0 ng/mL, respectively; both p<0.001). In multivariable analysis, older age (odds ratio: 1.32, 95% confidence interval: 1.12-1.56; p=0.001), higher body mass index (odds ratio: 1.57, 95% confidence interval: 1.19-2.08; p=0.002), lower progesterone levels (odds ratio: 0.75, 95% confidence interval: 0.58-0.98; p=0.037), and lower prolactin levels (odds ratio: 0.51, 95% confidence interval: 0.34-0.79; p=0.002) were independently associated with hepatic steatosis. Estradiol, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone were not associated with steatosis. Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed a discriminative value for progesterone (area under the curve: 0.751) and prolactin (area under the curve: 0.790). Lower serum progesterone and prolactin levels were associated with hepatic steatosis after adjustment for age and body mass index. These findings support a possible relationship between reproductive hormonal milieu and hepatic steatosis in a selected premenopausal population, while the progesterone finding should be interpreted in the context of early follicular-phase measurement. CI - Thieme. All rights reserved. FAU - Ulusoy, Muhammed Aziz AU - Ulusoy MA AD - Ministry of Health Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Turkey, Cankaya. FAU - Comoglu, Mustafa AU - Comoglu M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4977-9919 AD - Ministry of Health Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Turkey, Cankaya. FAU - Zengin, Oguzhan AU - Zengin O AD - Ministry of Health Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Turkey, Cankaya. FAU - Camli, Huseyin AU - Camli H AD - Ministry of Health Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Turkey, Cankaya. FAU - Uzdogan, Esma Andac AU - Uzdogan EA AD - Ministry of Health Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Ankara, Turkey, Cankaya. FAU - Kalkan, Emra Asfuroglu AU - Kalkan EA AD - Ministry of Health Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Turkey, Cankaya. FAU - Ates, Ihsan AU - Ates I AD - Ministry of Health Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Turkey, Cankaya. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260911 PL - Germany TA - Horm Metab Res JT - Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme JID - 0177722 RN - 9002-62-4 (Prolactin) RN - 4G7DS2Q64Y (Progesterone) RN - 9002-68-0 (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Prolactin/blood MH - *Progesterone/blood MH - Adult MH - *Premenopause/blood MH - Prospective Studies MH - *Fatty Liver/blood MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Middle Aged MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Follicle Stimulating Hormone/blood MH - ROC Curve COIS- The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/13 00:50 MHDA- 2026/10/22 23:28 CRDT- 2026/09/12 05:33 PHST- 2026/10/22 23:28 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/13 00:50 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/12 05:33 [entrez] AID - 10.1055/a-2949-7994 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Horm Metab Res. 2026 Oct;58(10):413-418. doi: 10.1055/a-2949-7994. Epub 2026 Sep 11. PMID- 42728638 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260912 LR - 20260914 IS - 1758-5996 (Print) IS - 1758-5996 (Electronic) IS - 1758-5996 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Aug 4 TI - Unpacking adiposity: a narrative critical appraisal of diverse obesity definitions. LID - 10.1186/s13098-026-02261-6 [doi] LID - 201 AB - BACKGROUND: Obesity is a complex, multifaceted chronic disease that poses a major global health challenge. Traditionally, population-level screening and follow-up have relied heavily on body mass index (BMI). Although BMI provides a simple, standardized measure for epidemiological studies, it does not account for individual variations in muscle mass, fat distribution, or metabolic health. Consequently, relying solely on weight-to-height ratios-even when supplemented with waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, or waist-to-height ratio-limits precise individual diagnosis and comprehensive health risk assessment. Comprehensive risk stratification incorporating clinical factors beyond body weight is therefore needed to capture the heterogeneity of obesity and enable a more individualized, patient-centered approach to management. MAIN BODY: This critical narrative review evaluates the main definitions and classification systems used for obesity, including the traditional World Health Organization classification, the Edmonton Obesity Staging System (EOSS), the Lancet Commission framework, the European Association for the Study of Obesity framework, and classifications based on weight history. BMI remains valuable for population-level assessment and may also be useful at the individual level when combined with additional anthropometric measurements and sex-, age-, and ethnicity-specific cutoff values. The EOSS complements anthropometric assessment by incorporating metabolic, physical, psychological, and functional consequences, thereby supporting treatment intensity according to disease severity. The Lancet Commission definitions of preclinical and clinical obesity broaden diagnosis beyond BMI but have raised concerns regarding the absence of standardized screening tools, potential diagnostic inconsistency, and possible delays in treatment for people classified as having preclinical obesity. Such limitations may be particularly relevant for children and adolescents, in whom delayed intervention may increase long-term health risks. Weight-history classifications provide an additional perspective by incorporating maximum weight attained in life, supporting realistic treatment goals, reinforcing the chronic nature of obesity, reducing stigma, and encouraging long-term treatment adherence. CONCLUSION: No single classification adequately captures the biological and clinical heterogeneity of obesity. BMI should not be abandoned, but interpreted alongside anthropometric, metabolic, functional, psychological, and weight-history information. Integrating complementary classification systems may improve diagnostic accuracy, risk stratification, treatment prioritization, and patient-centered obesity care. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Mancini, Marcio C AU - Mancini MC AD - Department of Endocrinology, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. mmancini@usp.br. FAU - Halpern, Bruno AU - Halpern B AD - Associacao Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade e Sindrome Metabolica, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - de Melo, Maria Edna AU - de Melo ME AD - Department of Endocrinology, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. AD - Associacao Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade e Sindrome Metabolica, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Kramer, Caroline K AU - Kramer CK AD - University of Toronto, Sinai Centre for Diabetes at Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260804 PL - England TA - Diabetol Metab Syndr JT - Diabetology & metabolic syndrome JID - 101488958 PMC - PMC13563844 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adipose tissue dysfunction OT - Body mass index OT - Clinical obesity OT - Controlled obesity OT - Diet quality OT - Immunometabolism OT - Metabolic syndrome OT - Reduced obesity OT - Type 2 diabetes OT - Waist circumference COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Not applicable. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: MCM has been on speakers' bureaus for Eli-Lilly, Boehringer Ingelheim, Novo Nordisk, Merck, EMS; has received support for attending meetings and/or traveling from Novo Nordisk and Eurofarma; has participated on advisory boards for Novo Nordisk, Eli-Lilly and Ache, Eli-Lilly, Merck, NC Pharma, Brace Pharma, Boehringer Ingelheim. BH has been on a speakers' bureau for Novo Nordisk, Eli-Lilly, Boehringer Ingelheim, Astra Zeneca, Merck; has received support for attending meetings and/or travel from Novo Nordisk; has participated on advisory boards for Novo Nordisk, Eli-Lilly, Merck, Currax, Abbott Nutrition. MEM has been on speakers' bureaus for EMS, Novo Nordisk, Merck; has received support for attending meetings and/or traveling from Novo Nordisk and Eurofarma; has participated on advisory boards for Brace Pharma. CKK has received investigator-initiated research grant from Boehringer Ingelheim not related to this work. EDAT- 2026/09/13 00:50 MHDA- 2026/09/13 00:51 PMCR- 2026/08/04 CRDT- 2026/09/12 05:30 PHST- 2026/06/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/13 00:51 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/13 00:50 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/12 05:30 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s13098-026-02261-6 [pii] AID - 2261 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s13098-026-02261-6 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2026 Aug 4;18(1):201. doi: 10.1186/s13098-026-02261-6. PMID- 42728571 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260912 LR - 20260915 IS - 1472-6831 (Electronic) IS - 1472-6831 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Sep 11 TI - New predictive regression models for estimating the size of unerupted canines and premolars in the Egyptian population. LID - 10.1186/s12903-026-09706-4 [doi] LID - 1710 AB - BACKGROUND: Mixed dentition space analysis assesses the discrepancy between the available and required space within the dental arches during the mixed dentition stage, thereby facilitating the diagnosis and treatment planning of developing malocclusions. So, this study aimed to develop Egyptian population-specific regression equations for predicting the combined mesiodistal widths of permanent canines and premolars (Sigma345) and to compare their predictive accuracy with that of the Tanaka and Johnston method. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 450 dental casts obtained from Egyptian adolescents aged 13-17 years (230 females and 220 males). The mesiodistal crown widths of the maxillary and mandibular permanent incisors, canines, and premolars were measured using a calibrated digital caliper. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to develop new prediction equations. The predicted widths obtained using the newly developed equations and the Tanaka and Johnston method were compared with the actual tooth measurements. RESULTS: The mesiodistal widths of the maxillary and mandibular central and lateral incisors demonstrated the strongest correlations with the combined widths of permanent canines and premolars and were therefore used to generate the prediction equations. The newly developed Egyptian equations demonstrated good predictive performance, with coefficients of determination of R(2) = 0.672 for the maxillary arch and R(2) = 0.602 for the mandibular arch. Furthermore, they showed smaller mean prediction errors (0.00 +/- 1.03 mm and 0.00 +/- 1.34 mm for the maxillary and mandibular arches, respectively) than the Tanaka and Johnston equations (- 1.02 +/- 1.22 mm and - 1.30 +/- 1.45 mm, respectively). CONCLUSION: The newly developed Egyptian-specific regression equations provided more accurate estimates of the mesiodistal widths of unerupted permanent canines and premolars than the Tanaka and Johnston method and may serve as reliable tools for mixed dentition space analysis in Egyptian adolescents. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - El-Desouky, Shaimaa S AU - El-Desouky SS AD - Pediatric Dentistry, Oral Health, and Preventive Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt. FAU - Hadwa, Shimaa M AU - Hadwa SM AD - Pediatric Dentistry, Oral Health, and Preventive Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt. FAU - Kabbash, Ibrahim A AU - Kabbash IA AD - Public Health & Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt. FAU - Alawy, Safa B AU - Alawy SB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2761-1923 AD - Orthodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt. safa_basyouny@dent.tanta.edu.eg. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260911 PL - England TA - BMC Oral Health JT - BMC oral health JID - 101088684 SB - IM MH - *Bicuspid/anatomy & histology MH - *Cuspid/anatomy & histology MH - Adolescent MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Egypt MH - Male MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Tooth, Unerupted/anatomy & histology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Dentition, Mixed MH - *Odontometry/methods MH - Regression Analysis MH - Dental Arch/anatomy & histology MH - Models, Dental MH - Maxilla/anatomy & histology MH - Mandible PMC - PMC13570539 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Canine OT - Mixed dentition OT - Prediction OT - Premolar OT - Regression equation COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical approval for this study was secured from the Research Ethics Committee (REC) of the Faculty of Dentistry at Tanta University, under code (#R-PED-5-24-3107), in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration of 1964 and its subsequent amendments. The study was retrospective and non-interventional; consequently, patients did not receive any treatment related to the study. As all participants were adolescents aged 13-17 years, written informed consent to participate was obtained from the parents or legal guardians of all participants at the time of their initial attendance at the outpatient clinics, together with assent from the adolescent participants. Consent included permission to use anonymized dental casts and clinical records for future retrospective research purposes. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/09/13 00:50 MHDA- 2026/09/13 00:51 PMCR- 2026/09/11 CRDT- 2026/09/12 05:21 PHST- 2026/02/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/13 00:51 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/13 00:50 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/12 05:21 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12903-026-09706-4 [pii] AID - 9706 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12903-026-09706-4 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Oral Health. 2026 Sep 11;26(1):1710. doi: 10.1186/s12903-026-09706-4. PMID- 42728168 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260911 IS - 1878-1861 (Electronic) IS - 1878-1861 (Linking) DP - 2026 Aug 21 TI - The evaluation of a family-based multiple health behaviour intervention targeting girls: The Beyond the 80 feasibility trial. LID - S1440-2440(26)00530-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jsams.2026.08.209 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: To examine the feasibility and acceptability of Beyond the 80 (BT80), a family-based healthy lifestyle intervention for school-aged girls. DESIGN: Single-arm mixed-methods feasibility trial. METHODS: BT80 was an 8-week intervention co-delivered with a National Rugby League Women's Premiership team. Eligible families included >/=1 parent and a daughter aged 7-11 years. Families participated in weekly in-person educational and practical sessions and completed home-based challenges. Topics included physical activity (including muscle-strengthening activity), sedentary behaviour, healthy eating, communication, emotion literacy, and sleep. A priori targets were set for recruitment (20 families), attendance (70%), retention (70%), fidelity (checklist; 80%), and enjoyment (self-report; 80%). Child engagement (active/passive engagement or interfering behaviour via direct observation), compliance (photo evidence of home-based challenges completed), and acceptability (child/parent self-report and focus groups) were also assessed. RESULTS: Recruitment (N = 12 families) and attendance (68%) targets were not met, whilst retention (92%) met the target. Intervention fidelity was high (98% education, 100% practical), as was child active/passive engagement (90% education, 96% practical). Child and parent enjoyment was high for educational (child: 82%, parent: 99%) and practical sessions (child: 87%, parent: 98%). Families completed on average 1-2 home-based challenges, and some families found photo submission burdensome. Data collection averaged 102.1 +/- 25.6 min at baseline and 69.7 +/- 17.9 min at intervention end. Parents found the time and measures acceptable. CONCLUSIONS: The preliminary findings for BT80 are promising, however, recruitment strategies, attendance, and home-based challenge engagement require refinement. Our findings may help to inform the development and refinement of similar family-based interventions. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - El Masri, Aymen AU - El Masri A AD - School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, Western Sydney University, Australia; Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Australia. FAU - George, Emma S AU - George ES AD - School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, Western Sydney University, Australia; Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Australia. FAU - West, Nicholas K AU - West NK AD - School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, Western Sydney University, Australia. FAU - Kennedy, Sarah G AU - Kennedy SG AD - School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, Western Sydney University, Australia; Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Australia. FAU - Hliounakis, Holly AU - Hliounakis H AD - School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, Western Sydney University, Australia. FAU - Fleming, Catharine A K AU - Fleming CAK AD - School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, Western Sydney University, Australia; Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Australia. FAU - Mackenzie, Erin AU - Mackenzie E AD - Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Australia; Faculty of Social Sciences, Arts, Business, Education and Law, Western Sydney University, Australia. FAU - Guagliano, Justin M AU - Guagliano JM AD - School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, Western Sydney University, Australia; Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Australia. Electronic address: j.guagliano@westernsydney.edu.au. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260821 PL - Australia TA - J Sci Med Sport JT - Journal of science and medicine in sport JID - 9812598 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Family functioning OT - Healthy eating OT - Muscle strengthening OT - Physical activity OT - Sedentary behaviour OT - Sleep COIS- Declaration of interest statement None. EDAT- 2026/09/11 23:36 MHDA- 2026/09/11 23:36 CRDT- 2026/09/11 21:58 PHST- 2026/02/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/11 23:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/11 23:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/11 21:58 [entrez] AID - S1440-2440(26)00530-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jsams.2026.08.209 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - J Sci Med Sport. 2026 Aug 21:S1440-2440(26)00530-X. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2026.08.209. PMID- 42727707 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260911 IS - 2589-5559 (Electronic) IS - 2589-5559 (Linking) DP - 2026 Sep 11 TI - Prevalence and Significance of Combined Low Muscle Volume and High Muscle Fat in Patients with Child-Pugh A-B Cirrhosis. PG - 102031 LID - S2589-5559(26)00302-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jhepr.2026.102031 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND & AIMS: Physical frailty and sarcopenia are linked to adverse outcomes and higher healthcare utilisation in liver cirrhosis. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) assessment combining thigh muscle volume and muscle fat infiltration identifies muscle composition (MC) phenotypes, where adverse MC (high fat, low volume) independently predicts all-cause mortality. We aimed to determine MC prevalence, correlate MRI measurements with functional and physical performance tests, and characterise MC groups in patients with liver cirrhosis undergoing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance. METHODS: The ACCESS-ESLD study prospectively enrolled 150 patients with liver cirrhosis. An abbreviated MRI (for HCC surveillance and an assessment of muscle quantity and body fat), blood sampling (Child-Pugh, MELD 3.0), a Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) test, and a Liver Frailty Index (LFI) test were performed. RESULTS: Out of 150 patients (57% males, mean age 64+/-11 years, BMI 29.3+/-5.6 kg/m(2)), 44% had alcohol-related liver disease and 28% had MASLD. Ninety per cent were Child-Pugh A, and the mean MELD was 8.9. Adverse MC was found in 21% of patients, who showed higher LFI, poorer SPPB, and 1.6 L more visceral fat. No differences in Child-Pugh, MELD, decompensation history, type 2 diabetes, or BMI were observed. Muscle measurements strongly correlated with frailty and physical tests, with muscle fat most strongly linked to the LFI and the SPPB. CONCLUSIONS: Incorporating a concise MRI protocol to assess muscle health into HCC surveillance effectively identifies one in five patients with higher frailty and poorer physical performance, independent of liver disease status. Assessing both muscle fat and volume provides additional benefit beyond muscle volume alone. IMPACT AND IMPLICATIONS: This study provides scientific justification for utilising a concise magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol to assess muscle health during MR-based HCC surveillance in patients with liver cirrhosis, demonstrating its feasibility as a combined MRI-based tool for integrated diagnostics. By effectively identifying patients with adverse muscle composition, linked to higher frailty and poorer physical performance, our findings highlight a patient cohort that warrants future targeted research and the development of specific clinical strategies. The findings suggest that assessing both muscle fat and volume provides a more comprehensive understanding of muscle health than assessing muscle volume alone, potentially leading to more effective management strategies. Future longitudinal data from ACCESS-ESLD will be vital to further explore long-term outcomes and inform the clinical utility of such integrated assessments, ultimately informing refined clinical practices and patient care. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: NCT05502198. CI - Copyright (c) 2026. Published by Elsevier B.V. FAU - Forsgren, Mikael Fredrik AU - Forsgren MF AD - Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden; AMRA Medical AB, Linkoping, Sweden; Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden. Electronic address: mikael.f.forsgren@liu.se. FAU - Sjogren, Daniel AU - Sjogren D AD - Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden; Department of Medicine, Hoglandssjukhuset Eksjo, Region Jonkoping County Council, Eksjo, Sweden. FAU - Stjernman, Henrik AU - Stjernman H AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Ryhov Hospital Jonkoping, Region Jonkoping County Council, Jonkoping, Sweden. FAU - Nasr, Patrik AU - Nasr P AD - Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden; Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden; Clinical Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology in Linkoping, Region Ostergotland, Linkoping, Sweden; Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine (WCMM), Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden. FAU - Balkhed, Wile AU - Balkhed W AD - Clinical Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology in Linkoping, Region Ostergotland, Linkoping, Sweden. FAU - Cederborg, Anna AU - Cederborg A AD - Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden; Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Goteborg, Sweden; Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden. FAU - Holmberg, Markus AU - Holmberg M AD - Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden. FAU - Bartholoma, Wolf AU - Bartholoma W AD - Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden; Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden; Clinical Department of Radiology in Linkoping, Region Ostergotland, Linkoping, Sweden. FAU - Jonsson, Cecilia AU - Jonsson C AD - Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden. FAU - Lundberg, Peter AU - Lundberg P AD - Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden; Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden; Clinical Department of Radiology in Linkoping, Region Ostergotland, Linkoping, Sweden; Clinical Department of Medical Radiation Physics, Region Ostergotland, Linkoping, Sweden. FAU - Rejler, Martin AU - Rejler M AD - Futurum, Academy for Healthcare, Region Jonkoping County, Jonkoping, Sweden; The Jonkoping Academy for Improvement of Health and Welfare, Halsohogskolan, Jonkoping University, Jonkoping, Sweden. FAU - Dahlstrom, Nils AU - Dahlstrom N AD - Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden; Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden; Clinical Department of Radiology in Linkoping, Region Ostergotland, Linkoping, Sweden. FAU - Kechagias, Stergios AU - Kechagias S AD - Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden; Clinical Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology in Linkoping, Region Ostergotland, Linkoping, Sweden. FAU - Leinhard, Olof Dahlqvist AU - Leinhard OD AD - Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden; AMRA Medical AB, Linkoping, Sweden; Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden. FAU - Ekstedt, Mattias AU - Ekstedt M AD - Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden; Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden; Clinical Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology in Linkoping, Region Ostergotland, Linkoping, Sweden. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT05502198 PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260911 PL - Netherlands TA - JHEP Rep JT - JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology JID - 101761237 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adverse muscle composition OT - Body composition OT - Frailty OT - HCC surveillance OT - Liver cirrhosis OT - Magnetic resonance imaging OT - Muscle composition OT - Muscle fat OT - Muscle volume COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest: MF is a shareholder and employee of AMRA Medical AB. PN has served on an advisory board for Boehringer Ingelheim. AC has received lecture fees from Norgine Denmark A/S. PL is shareholder of AMRA Medical AB. ODL is an employee, shareholder, and board member of AMRA Medical AB. ME has received lecture fees from Mediplast and Novo Nordisk and has served on an advisory board for Ipsen. No other author has any competing interest. EDAT- 2026/09/11 23:36 MHDA- 2026/09/11 23:36 CRDT- 2026/09/11 19:20 PHST- 2026/02/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/11 23:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/11 23:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/11 19:20 [entrez] AID - S2589-5559(26)00302-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jhepr.2026.102031 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - JHEP Rep. 2026 Sep 11:102031. doi: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2026.102031. PMID- 42726424 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260911 LR - 20260914 IS - 2196-1042 (Electronic) IS - 1723-7785 (Print) IS - 1723-7785 (Linking) VI - 27 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Sep 11 TI - Digital analysis of age-related dentoalveolar changes: a 50-year longitudinal study. LID - 10.1186/s40510-026-00643-0 [doi] LID - 41 AB - BACKGROUND: With the growing demand for orthodontic treatment among adults, a clear understanding of the age-related dentoalveolar changes has become increasingly important for accurate diagnosis, treatment planning, and long-term retention strategies. This study aims to characterize dentoalveolar changes in individuals with normal occlusion from early adolescence (13 years) to late adulthood (62 years) across four time points, using digitally derived measurements and strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. METHODOLOGY: Thirty orthodontically untreated subjects (11 males, 19 females) recruited through the Public Dental Health Care system in, were examined at mean ages of 13 (T1), 16 (T2), 31 (T3), and 62 years (T4). Stone casts of the maxillary and mandibular arches were digitized using a high-resolution 3D scanner. Eleven variables were digitally assessed: overjet, overbite, intercanine width, intermolar width, arch depth, palatal height, curve of Spee, clinical crown height, arch length, space deficiency, and irregularity index. Changes across time points were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. RESULTS: Sagittally, overjet remained stable, whereas arch depth decreased significantly in both arches. Vertically, overbite decreased significantly, while clinical crown height increased significantly in both arches. Palatal height increased significantly up to age 31, and the curve of Spee decreased significantly by age 16. Transversely, maxillary and mandibular intermolar widths, as well as maxillary intercanine width, showed no significant changes, whereas mandibular intercanine width decreased significantly. In terms of space, maxillary and mandibular arch lengths decreased significantly at all time points, accompanied by significant increases in space deficiency and in the irregularity of the mandibular incisors throughout the observation period. CONCLUSIONS: Age-related dentoalveolar changes continue from adolescence into late adulthood, supporting the concept that occlusion remains dynamic throughout life. These longitudinal findings provide clinically relevant reference data for orthodontic diagnosis, treatment planning, and the development of effective long-term retention strategies. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Basim, Anas AU - Basim A AD - Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai Health, Dubai, United Arab Emirates. FAU - Naoumova, Julia AU - Naoumova J AD - Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. AD - Public Dental Service, University Clinic of Orthodontics, Region Vastra Gotaland, Gothenburg, Sweden. FAU - Leffler, Klara AU - Leffler K AD - Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Johansson, Kristina AU - Johansson K AD - Orthodontics, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Medicine, Umea University, Umea, Sweden. FAU - Persson, Maurits AU - Persson M AD - Orthodontics, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Medicine, Umea University, Umea, Sweden. FAU - Al-Taai, Nameer AU - Al-Taai N AD - Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai Health, Dubai, United Arab Emirates. nameer.altaai@dubaihealth.ae. AD - Orthodontics, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Medicine, Umea University, Umea, Sweden. nameer.altaai@dubaihealth.ae. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260911 PL - Germany TA - Prog Orthod JT - Progress in orthodontics JID - 100936353 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - *Dental Arch/anatomy & histology/growth & development MH - Adolescent MH - Maxilla/anatomy & histology/growth & development MH - Mandible/anatomy & histology/growth & development MH - Middle Aged MH - Overbite/pathology MH - Male MH - Imaging, Three-Dimensional/methods MH - Age Factors MH - Incisor/anatomy & histology MH - Models, Dental MH - Young Adult MH - Cephalometry/methods MH - Tooth Crown/anatomy & histology MH - *Aging MH - Cuspid/anatomy & histology MH - *Alveolar Process/anatomy & histology/growth & development MH - Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods MH - Adult PMC - PMC13569759 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Age-related changes OT - Incisor crowding OT - Intercanine width OT - Intraclass correlation coefficient COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval: Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Regional Ethical Board at Umea University, Sweden (registration no. 2012-410 - 31 M). Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Co-author Julia Naoumova is an Associate Editor for Progress in Orthodontics and was not involved in the editorial evaluation or peer-review process of this manuscript. EDAT- 2026/09/11 17:36 MHDA- 2026/09/11 17:37 PMCR- 2026/09/11 CRDT- 2026/09/11 13:10 PHST- 2026/03/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/11 17:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/11 17:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/11 13:10 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s40510-026-00643-0 [pii] AID - 643 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s40510-026-00643-0 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Prog Orthod. 2026 Sep 11;27(1):41. doi: 10.1186/s40510-026-00643-0. PMID- 42725535 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261014 LR - 20261016 IS - 1477-0377 (Electronic) IS - 1358-863X (Linking) VI - 31 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Normal endothelial peripheral arterial tonometry values in healthy children: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PG - 639-650 LID - 10.1177/1358863X261462856 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Endothelial dysfunction is an early, reversible marker of cardiovascular disease that can already be detected in childhood. EndoPAT (endothelial peripheral arterial tonometry) provides a noninvasive and operator-independent assessment of endothelial function, but pediatric reference values are not established. By pooling EndoPAT-derived data from existing studies in healthy children, this meta-analysis aims to derive normative values and to evaluate the influence of age, sex, and body mass index (BMI) on endothelial function. METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE were searched up to April 2026 for studies reporting EndoPAT measurements in healthy children aged 5-18 years. Data on study characteristics, participant demographics, and vascular parameters were extracted. Pooled estimates were calculated using random-effects models and meta-regression explored effects of age, sex, and BMI. The study protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42025643846). RESULTS: From 8573 records, 54 studies including 3555 healthy children (13.5 +/- 2.5 years) were analyzed. The pooled mean reactive hyperemia index (RHI) was 1.73 (95% CI: 1.66-1.81), and meta-regressions showed that RHI increased with age and BMI, with no significant association observed with sex. CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis demonstrates that adult-derived RHI cutoffs for endothelial dysfunction are not applicable to children. Vascular function during childhood is influenced by age, pubertal stage, and BMI. Therefore, low RHI values in children likely reflect ongoing microvascular maturation rather than true endothelial dysfunction. These findings support the use of pediatric reference values for RHI and highlight the need for standardized pediatric EndoPAT protocols, as well as longitudinal studies to establish normal developmental trajectories and to identify early clinically relevant deviations. FAU - Makhout, Sanae AU - Makhout S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8486-6025 AD - Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics and Member of the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium. FAU - Degraeve, Julie AU - Degraeve J AD - Department of Pediatrics, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium. FAU - Beeldens, Jente AU - Beeldens J AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-6315-2743 AD - Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics and Member of the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium. FAU - Bouziotis, Jason AU - Bouziotis J AD - Clinical Trial Center, Clinical Research Center Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital, University of Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium. FAU - Verhulst, Stijn AU - Verhulst S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1922-9716 AD - Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics and Member of the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium. FAU - Van Eyck, Annelies AU - Van Eyck A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4722-969X AD - Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics and Member of the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Meta-Analysis PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20260911 PL - England TA - Vasc Med JT - Vascular medicine (London, England) JID - 9610930 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - Reference Values MH - *Manometry MH - Male MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Endothelium, Vascular/physiology/physiopathology MH - Female MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - Age Factors MH - Hyperemia/physiopathology MH - Body Mass Index MH - Sex Factors OTO - NOTNLM OT - EndoPAT OT - endothelial function OT - pediatrics OT - reactive hyperemia index OT - reference values COIS- Declaration of conflicting interestsThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. EDAT- 2026/09/11 17:36 MHDA- 2026/10/14 05:33 CRDT- 2026/09/11 12:23 PHST- 2026/10/14 05:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/11 17:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/11 12:23 [entrez] AID - 10.1177/1358863X261462856 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Vasc Med. 2026 Oct;31(5):639-650. doi: 10.1177/1358863X261462856. Epub 2026 Sep 11. PMID- 42724426 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260911 LR - 20260912 IS - 2224-4344 (Print) IS - 2224-4344 (Electronic) IS - 2224-4336 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug 31 TI - Is there an association between dietary fiber intake, screen time, and physical activity among students aged 14 to 17 years?-a cross-sectional study. PG - 299 LID - 10.21037/tp-2026-0432 [doi] LID - 299 AB - BACKGROUND: Concerns about the impact of screen time, unbalanced diet, and declining physical activity (PA) on health are increasing. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine the association between screen time, PA and dietary behavior, with a special consideration of fiber intake in adolescents. METHODS: The study is based on cross-sectional data including 410 Austrian adolescents (54.6% girls) with an average age of 15.7+/-1.0 years. Daily fiber intake was determined using a validated screening instrument (18-item Fiber-Screen). In addition, participants reported average hours per week of leisure-time PA including club sport activities and daily screen time [mobile phone, computer and television (TV)] via a questionnaire. RESULTS: The average fiber intake per day was 14.49 g/day, less than the international recommendations of at least 25 g of fiber per day. Girls got more of their fiber from vegetables and legumes, while boys consumed more bread and potatoes. Regression analyses showed that both PA (beta =0.257) and screen time, particularly computer (beta =-0.144) and TV time (beta =-0.138) are independently associated with fiber intake (P<0.001). Furthermore, sports club members had a significantly higher daily fiber intake than non-sports club members (16.1+/-6.7 vs. 12.8+/-4.6 g/d; P<0.001). Sports club participation was also associated with higher PA levels (40.0% vs. 15.0% reported >3 h/week) less time on the computer (51.0% vs. 33.0% reported <1 h/d) compared to non-sports club members (P<0.001) but there was no significant difference in mobile phone use and TV time. CONCLUSIONS: The present results show that low fiber intake is widespread among adolescents and that longer screen time and low PA are associated with a low fiber intake, which indicates a clustering of health behaviors. Accordingly, intervention strategies may target several behaviors to promote health in youth. CI - (c) AME Publishing Company. FAU - Greier, Carla AU - Greier C AD - Department of Sports Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria. FAU - Drenowatz, Clemens AU - Drenowatz C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3861-5364 AD - Division of Sport, Physical Activity and Health, University of Education Upper Austria, Linz, Austria. FAU - Dudas, Jozsef AU - Dudas J AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria. FAU - Ruedl, Gerhard AU - Ruedl G AD - Department of Sports Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria. FAU - Posch, Markus AU - Posch M AD - Division of Physical Education, Private University of Education (KPH-ES), Stams, Austria. FAU - Greier, Klaus AU - Greier K AD - Department of Sports Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260827 PL - China TA - Transl Pediatr JT - Translational pediatrics JID - 101649179 PMC - PMC13559115 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Diet OT - computer time OT - media use OT - sports OT - television time (TV time) COIS- Conflicts of Interest: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form (available at https://tp.amegroups.com/article/view/10.21037/tp-2026-0432/coif). C.D. serves as an unpaid editorial board member of Translational Pediatrics from May 2026 to December 2027. The other authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. EDAT- 2026/09/11 11:38 MHDA- 2026/09/11 11:39 PMCR- 2026/08/31 CRDT- 2026/09/11 09:35 PHST- 2026/05/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/11 11:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/11 11:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/11 09:35 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - tp-15-08-299 [pii] AID - 10.21037/tp-2026-0432 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Transl Pediatr. 2026 Aug 31;15(8):299. doi: 10.21037/tp-2026-0432. Epub 2026 Aug 27. PMID- 42724392 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260911 LR - 20260912 IS - 2224-4344 (Print) IS - 2224-4344 (Electronic) IS - 2224-4336 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug 31 TI - The global landscape of pediatric hyperuricemia research: a bibliometric roadmap to mechanisms, management, and future therapeutics (1997-2024). PG - 339 LID - 10.21037/tp-2026-0255 [doi] LID - 339 AB - BACKGROUND: Pediatric hyperuricemia has emerged as a significant global health concern, intricately linked to the early pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease. Despite extensive research in adults, critical gaps persist in our understanding of its unique pathophysiology, age-specific diagnostic criteria, and evidence-based management strategies in children. This study aims to provide a comprehensive, quantitative assessment of the global research landscape on pediatric hyperuricemia, identify pivotal thematic foci, and map emerging frontiers to guide future scientific inquiry and clinical translation. METHODS: We conducted a systematic bibliometric and visual analysis of all relevant articles and reviews indexed in the Web of Science Core Collection (WoS CC) from inception to December 20, 2024. Data were synthesized using VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and the Bibliometrix R package to construct collaboration networks, perform co-citation analyses, and track keyword evolution. RESULTS: Our analysis identified 189 publications, revealing a trajectory of fluctuating but overall increasing scholarly attention. China (n=47) and the United States (n=43) were the most prolific contributors, with St. Jude Children's Research Hospital and Harvard University leading institutional output. Authors Simonetta Genovesi and Marco Giussani were the most productive. Keyword co-occurrence analysis delineated three dominant research clusters: (I) core clinical management ("hyperuricemia", "allopurinol", "rasburicase"); (II) cardiometabolic comorbidities ("obesity", "hypertension", "metabolic syndrome"); and (III) epidemiological and risk factor profiling ("children", "uric acid", "prevalence"). Notably, recent years have witnessed an emergent focus on long-term sequelae, including "chronic kidney disease" and "acute kidney injury". CONCLUSIONS: Research into pediatric hyperuricemia remains nascent yet is rapidly gaining momentum. Our roadmap highlights four critical frontiers: elucidating developmental-stage-specific pathological mechanisms, establishing validated diagnostic thresholds, evaluating the long-term safety and efficacy of both pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions, and defining strategies for lifelong management to mitigate adult-onset complications. We advocate for enhanced international and interdisciplinary collaboration as the cornerstone for accelerating progress in this vital field. CI - (c) AME Publishing Company. FAU - Xiao, Liang AU - Xiao L AD - Department of Pediatrics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Lu, Wei AU - Lu W AD - Department of Pediatrics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Wang, Junli AU - Wang J AD - Department of Pediatrics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Yu, Shengyou AU - Yu S AD - Department of Pediatrics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260629 PL - China TA - Transl Pediatr JT - Translational pediatrics JID - 101649179 PMC - PMC13559144 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Pediatric hyperuricemia OT - bibliometric analysis OT - metabolic syndrome OT - therapeutic innovation OT - uric acid metabolism COIS- Conflicts of Interest: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form (available at https://tp.amegroups.com/article/view/10.21037/tp-2026-0255/coif). The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. EDAT- 2026/09/11 11:38 MHDA- 2026/09/11 11:39 PMCR- 2026/08/31 CRDT- 2026/09/11 09:32 PHST- 2026/03/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/11 11:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/11 11:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/11 09:32 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - tp-15-08-339 [pii] AID - 10.21037/tp-2026-0255 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Transl Pediatr. 2026 Aug 31;15(8):339. doi: 10.21037/tp-2026-0255. Epub 2026 Jun 29. PMID- 42724349 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260911 LR - 20260912 IS - 2224-4344 (Print) IS - 2224-4344 (Electronic) IS - 2224-4336 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug 31 TI - Whole-exome sequencing-centered genetic evaluation for early-onset obesity in Chinese children: a retrospective single-center cohort. PG - 330 LID - 10.21037/tp-2026-0407 [doi] LID - 330 AB - BACKGROUND: Genetic causes of early-onset obesity remain undercharacterized in East Asian children. This study evaluated a whole-exome sequencing (WES)-centered diagnostic workflow in Chinese children with obesity onset before 5 years. METHODS: Consecutive children with body mass index above the 95th percentile and obesity onset before 5 years who completed structured inpatient assessment at a single center between February 2022 and December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Phenotyping included clinical, biochemical, oral glucose tolerance, cortisol rhythm, and liver assessments. Genetic testing combined WES, mitochondrial DNA analysis, multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) for obesity-related imprinting loci, WES-based copy-number variant and runs-of-homozygosity analyses, and Sanger validation. Variants were interpreted according to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics/Association for Molecular Pathology (ACMG/AMP) criteria. RESULTS: Among 23 children, clinically relevant genetic findings were identified in 6 (26.1%): melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) c.831T>A (p.C277*), maternal uniparental disomy of 15q11-13, and four phenotype-correlated variants of uncertain significance in UCP3, BBS1, NCOA1, and SH2B1. The definitive/likely diagnostic yield, restricted to pathogenic or confirmed imprinting findings, was 8.7% (2/23). Findings involved leptin-MC4R signaling, BBSome function, fatty-acid oxidation, and chromosomal imprinting. Genetically positive children showed numerically higher alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), but differences were not statistically significant. BBS1 p.T374S was relatively enriched in East Asian reference data. CONCLUSIONS: A WES-centered integrated workflow detected heterogeneous genetic mechanisms in Chinese children with early-onset obesity, but variant of uncertain significance (VUS)-associated findings should be distinguished from confirmed diagnoses. Orthogonal methylation/MLPA and runs of homozygosity (ROH) analyses were necessary for imprinting diagnosis. Larger multicenter studies and functional validation are needed. CI - (c) AME Publishing Company. FAU - Chen, Si AU - Chen S AD - Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Chengdu Women's and Children's Center Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China. FAU - Zhang, Jing AU - Zhang J AD - Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Chengdu Women's and Children's Center Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China. FAU - Ge, Liyuan AU - Ge L AD - Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Chengdu Women's and Children's Center Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China. FAU - Li, Zhonghui AU - Li Z AD - Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Chengdu Women's and Children's Center Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China. FAU - Wang, Liuxu AU - Wang L AD - Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Chengdu Women's and Children's Center Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China. FAU - Cheng, Xinran AU - Cheng X AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9001-4016 AD - Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Chengdu Women's and Children's Center Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260722 PL - China TA - Transl Pediatr JT - Translational pediatrics JID - 101649179 PMC - PMC13559094 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Chinese children OT - Early-onset obesity OT - genetic diagnosis OT - monogenic obesity OT - whole-exome sequencing (WES) COIS- Conflicts of Interest: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form (available at https://tp.amegroups.com/article/view/10.21037/tp-2026-0407/coif). The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. EDAT- 2026/09/11 11:38 MHDA- 2026/09/11 11:39 PMCR- 2026/08/31 CRDT- 2026/09/11 09:28 PHST- 2026/04/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/11 11:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/11 11:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/11 09:28 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - tp-15-08-330 [pii] AID - 10.21037/tp-2026-0407 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Transl Pediatr. 2026 Aug 31;15(8):330. doi: 10.21037/tp-2026-0407. Epub 2026 Jul 22. PMID- 42724052 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260911 LR - 20260912 IS - 2296-861X (Print) IS - 2296-861X (Electronic) IS - 2296-861X (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2026 TI - Insulin resistance evaluated by estimated glucose disposal rate and its association with cardiometabolic risk factors among adolescents in Northeast China. PG - 1853266 LID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1853266 [doi] LID - 1853266 AB - BACKGROUND: Insulin resistance (IR) is a key factor in cardiometabolic diseases, but there are few practical ways to measure it in adolescents. The insulin sensitivity's surrogate measure, the eGDR, has not been well validated in young populations. METHODS: eGDR was determined by the use of waist circumference (WC), HbA1c levels, and hypertension status in this cross-sectional study of Chinese adolescents. Restricted cubic spline models and multivariate logistic regression were utilized to estimate associations between eGDR and cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs), such as dyslipidemia, hyperuricemia, and high fasting plasma glucose (FPG). The eGDR's discriminative performance was compared with traditional IR indices, such as HOMA-IR, TyG, AIP, TyG-BMI, and QUIKI. RESULTS: After confounders' adjustment, each SD raise in eGDR was linked with reduced odds of dyslipidemia (OR = 0.781, 95% CI: 0.703-0.866, p < 0.001) and hyperuricemia (OR = 0.884, 95% CI: 0.800-0.977, p = 0.016). eGDR showed negative correlations with atherogenic lipid subfractions, such as LDL-C, non-HDL-C, and triglycerides (TG), but not with total cholesterol (TC) or FPG. Subgroup analyses showed that the protective effect against dyslipidemia was stronger in participants with BMI in the >/= 85th percentile, and sex-specific differences in the associations with TG and FPG. eGDR was found to be better than traditional IR indices in discriminating clustered CMRFs. Sex-specific cut-offs for IR were determined: eGDR <8.06 mg/kg/min and <8.46 mg/kg/min for males and females, respectively. CONCLUSION: eGDR is a strong, non-invasive cardiometabolic risk indicator in adolescents, especially dyslipidemia and hyperuricemia. It can offer a feasible instrument of early risk stratification in this group. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Wang, Yao, Li and Du. FAU - Wang, Yiwen AU - Wang Y AD - Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China. FAU - Yao, Hui AU - Yao H AD - Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China. FAU - Li, Ling AU - Li L AD - Department of Endocrinology, Jinghua Hospital, Shenyang, China. FAU - Du, Runyu AU - Du R AD - Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260827 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Nutr JT - Frontiers in nutrition JID - 101642264 PMC - PMC13558436 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - cardiometabolic risk OT - estimated glucose disposal rate OT - insulin resistance OT - predictive performance COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/11 11:38 MHDA- 2026/09/11 11:39 PMCR- 2026/08/27 CRDT- 2026/09/11 08:18 PHST- 2026/04/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/11 11:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/11 11:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/11 08:18 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1853266 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Nutr. 2026 Aug 27;13:1853266. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1853266. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42723982 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260911 LR - 20260912 IS - 2624-9367 (Electronic) IS - 2624-9367 (Linking) VI - 8 DP - 2026 TI - A new potential intervention strategy to promote the "body-mind-brain" health development of Chinese children and adolescents: a scoping review. PG - 1862354 LID - 10.3389/fspor.2026.1862354 [doi] LID - 1862354 AB - OBJECTIVE: This scoping review maps the extent and nature of literature on Shaolin martial arts (SMA) and examines how direct, contextual, and indirect evidence may inform hypotheses about body-mind-brain health in children and adolescents. It does not evaluate intervention effectiveness. METHODS: Following PRISMA-ScR guidance, we searched PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wanfang Data from database inception to February 2026. Eligibility was defined by the population-concept-context framework. Records were classified as direct empirical evidence, contextual SMA literature, or indirect mechanistic evidence from related practices. Classical Chinese sources were used only to describe SMA principles and cultural context, not as evidence of health outcomes. RESULTS: Twelve of the 13 included sources were contextual publications on SMA history, philosophy, education, or dissemination, and only one examined Shaolin boxing in children aged 8-10 years. The broader literature on martial arts, tai chi, qigong, meditation, and physical activity provides only indirect support for proposed physical, psychological, and cognitive mechanisms. No direct evidence currently establishes that SMA reduces anxiety or depression, improves executive function, alters brain activation, or induces neuroplasticity in children and adolescents. CONCLUSION: The current literature supports SMA as a culturally grounded candidate for future intervention development, but not as an empirically validated health intervention for children and adolescents. Feasibility studies and well-designed controlled trials with standardized SMA protocols and prespecified physical, mental-health, cognitive, and neurobiological outcomes are required before effectiveness claims can be made. CI - (c) 2026 Jin, Qi, Zhang, Yang, Shi and Chen. FAU - Jin, Long AU - Jin L AD - School of Physical Education and Sport, Henan University, Kaifeng, China. FAU - Qi, Kai AU - Qi K AD - School of Sport and Brain Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China. AD - Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, Poland. FAU - Zhang, Zehao AU - Zhang Z AD - School of Physical Education and Sport, Henan University, Kaifeng, China. FAU - Yang, Jia AU - Yang J AD - School of Sport and Brain Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China. AD - College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China. FAU - Shi, Yifan AU - Shi Y AD - School of Sport and Brain Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China. AD - College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China. FAU - Chen, Aiguo AU - Chen A AD - School of Sport and Brain Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20260827 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Sports Act Living JT - Frontiers in sports and active living JID - 101765780 PMC - PMC13558168 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Shaolin martial arts OT - adolescents OT - body OT - brain OT - children OT - health OT - intervention strategy OT - mind COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/11 11:38 MHDA- 2026/09/11 11:39 PMCR- 2026/08/27 CRDT- 2026/09/11 07:39 PHST- 2026/04/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/11 11:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/11 11:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/11 07:39 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fspor.2026.1862354 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Sports Act Living. 2026 Aug 27;8:1862354. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2026.1862354. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42723824 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260911 LR - 20260912 IS - 1664-2392 (Print) IS - 1664-2392 (Electronic) IS - 1664-2392 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Distinct metabolic phenotypes in adolescents with obesity identified by unsupervised learning: associations with insulin resistance and resting energy expenditure. PG - 1875870 LID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1875870 [doi] LID - 1875870 AB - BACKGROUND: Pediatric obesity is characterized by substantial metabolic heterogeneity, including adiposity, insulin resistance, inflammation, and energy metabolism. Traditional categorical classifications may inadequately capture this complexity. Objective: To identify clinically meaningful metabolic phenotypes using unsupervised clustering and to compare the statistical performance and clinical interpretability of two- and three-cluster solutions. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 758 children and adolescents with obesity underwent anthropometric, biochemical, and indirect calorimetry assessments. Fat-free mass was estimated using validated bioimpedance-based equations, and fat-free mass index (FFMI) was standardized before clustering. K-means clustering (k = 2 and k = 3) was performed using FFMI z-score, BMI-SDS, HOMA-IR, triglycerides, and HDL-cholesterol. Cluster validity was assessed using the Silhouette, Elbow, Davies-Bouldin index, Calinski-Harabasz index, and Gap statistic methods. Validation employed variables not included in clustering, such as glucose-insulin dynamics, inflammatory and hepatic markers, blood pressure, respiratory quotient, and resting energy expenditure (REE). Group comparisons were performed using Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's post-hoc tests with false discovery rate correction. RESULTS: Both clustering solutions demonstrated significant separation across metabolic domains. The two-cluster model identified metabolically favourable and unfavourable phenotypes differing in adiposity, insulin resistance, inflammatory burden, hepatic markers, blood pressure, and REE. The three-cluster solution revealed a more granular metabolic stratification with an intermediate phenotype characterized by partial metabolic impairment. Validation confirmed robust differences across physiological variables (all FDR-adjusted p < 0.05). Although the two-cluster solution showed slightly superior internal validity, the three-cluster model provided greater clinical granularity and phenotypic resolution. CONCLUSIONS: Unsupervised clustering identified biologically coherent metabolic phenotypes in pediatric obesity. While the two-cluster solution provided statistically robust stratification, the three-cluster configuration captured a broader spectrum of metabolic heterogeneity and risk profiles, supporting the application of higher-resolution phenotyping approaches in pediatric endocrinology and metabolic risk assessment. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Sonza, Tamini, Bondesan, Caroli, Abbruzzese and Sartorio. FAU - Sonza, Anelise AU - Sonza A AD - Centro de Ciencias da Saude e do Esporte (CEFID), Department of Physical Therapy, Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencias do Movimento Humano (PPGCMH), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Florianopolis, Brazil. AD - Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-Endocrinological Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Piancavallo-Verbania, Italy. FAU - Tamini, Sofia AU - Tamini S AD - Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-Endocrinological Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Piancavallo-Verbania, Italy. FAU - Bondesan, Adele AU - Bondesan A AD - Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-Endocrinological Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Piancavallo-Verbania, Italy. FAU - Caroli, Diana AU - Caroli D AD - Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-Endocrinological Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Piancavallo-Verbania, Italy. FAU - Abbruzzese, Laura AU - Abbruzzese L AD - Division of Auxology, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Piancavallo-Verbania, Italy. FAU - Sartorio, Alessandro AU - Sartorio A AD - Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-Endocrinological Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Piancavallo-Verbania, Italy. AD - Division of Auxology, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Piancavallo-Verbania, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260827 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) JT - Frontiers in endocrinology JID - 101555782 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Insulin Resistance/physiology MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adolescent MH - Phenotype MH - *Energy Metabolism/physiology MH - Male MH - *Pediatric Obesity/metabolism MH - Child MH - *Unsupervised Machine Learning MH - Clustering Algorithms MH - Cluster Analysis MH - Body Mass Index PMC - PMC13557994 OTO - NOTNLM OT - clustering analysis OT - energy metabolism OT - insulin resistance OT - metabolic phenotyping OT - obesity OT - pediatric endocrinology COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/11 11:38 MHDA- 2026/09/11 11:39 PMCR- 2026/08/27 CRDT- 2026/09/11 06:04 PHST- 2026/05/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/11 11:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/11 11:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/11 06:04 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1875870 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2026 Aug 27;17:1875870. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2026.1875870. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42723572 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260911 IS - 2769-707X (Electronic) IS - 2769-7061 (Linking) DP - 2026 Sep 11 TI - Dietary Patterns and Acne Severity in Middle Eastern Youth: The Negative Correlation Role of Fermented Dairy Products. PG - 1-11 LID - 10.1080/27697061.2026.2725655 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Acne vulgaris is one of the most prevalent skin disorders worldwide, affecting 85-90% of teenagers. Acne can be caused by a variety of factors, but lifestyle decisions like stress levels, sleep patterns, and diet can play a significant part. This research aims to examine how lifestyle factors impact the severity of acne vulgaris. METHODS: Patients with acne who visited dermatology clinics at a primary referral hospital in northern Jordan were included. They also used the validated Global Acne Severity Scale to assess acne severity. Structured interviews gathered information on dietary habits, physical activity, sleep quality, smoking behaviors, and psychological stress. The study identified risk factors associated with moderate-to-severe acne through multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The study included 423 participants with a mean age of 20.2 years. Frequent consumption of fast food (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.56, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.21-1.81) and sweets (aOR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.15-1.98); lack of sleep (aOR = 1.19, 95% CI:1.02-1.36); and high psychological stress (aOR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.28-1.93) were all significant correlates of moderate-to-severe acne. Regular consumption of fruits and vegetables (aOR = 0.66, 95% CI:0.41-0.84) and regular exercise (aOR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.44-0.89) were inversely associated with acne severity. In the exploratory post hoc dairy-subtype analysis, yogurt (aOR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.53-0.83) and labneh (aOR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.51-0.79) were inversely associated with moderate-to-severe acne, whereas non-fermented milk was positively associated (aOR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.12-1.68). CONCLUSION: This clinic-based cross-sectional study identified several demographic and lifestyle factors associated with acne severity among Jordanian youth. The exploratory post hoc analysis also identified inverse associations between yogurt and labneh consumption and moderate-to-severe acne, while non-fermented milk showed a positive association. These findings are hypothesis-generating and require confirmation in prospective and interventional studies before specific dietary or lifestyle recommendations can be established. FAU - Seetan, Khaled AU - Seetan K AD - Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan. FAU - Khamees, Almu'atasim AU - Khamees A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6282-8351 AD - Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan. AD - Princess Basma Teaching Hospital, Ministry of Health, Irbid, Jordan. FAU - Yassin, Raghad Yousef AU - Yassin RY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0435-4124 AD - Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan. FAU - Mahmoud Hamad, Amro Mousa AU - Mahmoud Hamad AM AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-4967-6223 AD - King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan. FAU - Kiwan, Bashar Moh'd AU - Kiwan BM AD - Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan. FAU - Kasasbeh, Dana Mohammad AU - Kasasbeh DM AD - Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan. FAU - Ayesh, Monther Ahmad AU - Ayesh MA AD - Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan. FAU - Abedalaziz, Irjuwan Muhye Aldeen AU - Abedalaziz IMA AD - Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan. FAU - Almajali, Hamza Samah AU - Almajali HS AD - Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan. FAU - Al Sarhan, Bashar Salem AU - Al Sarhan BS AD - Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260911 PL - United States TA - J Am Nutr Assoc JT - Journal of the American Nutrition Association JID - 9918300687506676 SB - IM OAB - Several dietary and lifestyle factors were associated with acne severity in this Jordanian clinic-based population. Frequent consumption of sweets, fast food, and non-fermented milk was associated with greater acne severity, whereas yogurt and labneh were inversely associated with moderate-to-severe acne in an exploratory post hoc analysis. These observational findings are hypothesis-generating and require confirmation in prospective and interventional studies before specific dietary or lifestyle recommendations can be made. OABL- eng OTO - NOTNLM OT - Acne vulgaris OT - acne severity OT - diet OT - lifestyle OT - stress EDAT- 2026/09/11 05:36 MHDA- 2026/09/11 05:36 CRDT- 2026/09/11 04:33 PHST- 2026/09/11 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/11 05:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/11 04:33 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/27697061.2026.2725655 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - J Am Nutr Assoc. 2026 Sep 11:1-11. doi: 10.1080/27697061.2026.2725655. PMID- 42723365 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260911 LR - 20260913 IS - 2162-3279 (Electronic) VI - 16 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Association Between Dietary Regimens and Eating Disorder Susceptibility Among Adults in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. PG - e71688 LID - 10.1002/brb3.71688 [doi] LID - e71688 AB - OBJECTIVE: To systematically examine the association between dietary practices and eating disorder susceptibility among adults in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and to determine whether specific dieting characteristics are associated with elevated eating disorder symptoms. METHOD: A cross-sectional study was conducted among Saudi adults aged 18-45 years residing in Riyadh between December 2024 and August 2025. Participants were recruited through online platforms using convenience sampling. Eating disorder susceptibility was assessed using the validated Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26), with a score >/= 20 indicating elevated susceptibility. Dietary behaviors during the previous 6 months were self-reported and categorized into index-based, macronutrient-focused, pattern/lifestyle, and special or plant-based diets. Multivariable logistic regression models and general linear models were used to examine associations between dietary variables and eating disorder susceptibility and symptom severity. RESULTS: Among the 188 participants included in the primary analysis, 90 (47.9%) participants were susceptible to eating disorders. Participants who had followed any dietary regimen in the previous 6 months were significantly more likely to exhibit eating disorder susceptibility compared with non-dieters (p < 0.001). DISCUSSION: These findings suggest that recent engagement in dieting, rather than specific dietary characteristics, is associated with increased eating disorder susceptibility among adults in Riyadh. Public health efforts should emphasize balanced, evidence-based dietary guidance and increased awareness of the potential psychological risks of unsupervised dieting. Longitudinal research is needed to clarify temporal relationships and causal pathways. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Brain and Behavior published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Aldahash, Rehab A AU - Aldahash RA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2703-3585 AD - Department of Health Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alturki, Haifa Y AU - Alturki HY AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-6048-8528 AD - Department of Health Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alonazi, Shahad G AU - Alonazi SG AD - Department of Health Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Dabbour, Joury AU - Dabbour J AD - Department of Health Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Aldossari, Shahad M AU - Aldossari SM AD - Department of Health Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Aldhfayan, Sara AU - Aldhfayan S AD - Department of Health Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng GR - PNURSP2026R533/Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project/ GR - PNURSP2026R533/Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University/ PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Brain Behav JT - Brain and behavior JID - 101570837 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Saudi Arabia/epidemiology MH - Adult MH - *Feeding and Eating Disorders/epidemiology MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - *Diet MH - Middle Aged MH - *Feeding Behavior/physiology MH - Disease Susceptibility PMC - PMC13563051 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) OT - Saudi Arabia OT - dietary patterns OT - dieting behavior OT - eating disorder susceptibility COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/11 05:36 MHDA- 2026/09/11 05:37 PMCR- 2026/09/10 CRDT- 2026/09/11 02:43 PHST- 2026/07/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/01/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/11 05:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/11 05:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/11 02:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - BRB371688 [pii] AID - 10.1002/brb3.71688 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Brain Behav. 2026 Sep;16(9):e71688. doi: 10.1002/brb3.71688. PMID- 42722762 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260911 LR - 20261013 IS - 1432-1076 (Electronic) IS - 0340-6199 (Linking) VI - 185 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Sep 10 TI - Association between insulin resistance and obstructive sleep apnea in non-diabetic children with obesity. LID - 739 [pii] LID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07395-3 [doi] AB - Although several studies have demonstrated an independent association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and insulin resistance, the evidence remains inconsistent. We aimed to investigate the relationship between the presence and severity of OSA and insulin resistance in non-diabetic children with obesity and to explore the potential role of homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) in identifying children at higher risk for OSA. Children with obesity aged 6-18 years who underwent polysomnography were retrospectively analyzed. Patients with diabetes, neuromuscular disorders, craniofacial anomalies, or those receiving treatment affecting insulin sensitivity were excluded. Age, sex, BMI, and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results were extracted from medical records, and HOMA-IR was calculated. Patients were divided into two groups based on their obstructive apnea-hypopnea index (OAHI): < 2 and >/= 2 events/h. ROC analysis was performed for HOMA-IR to determine the optimal cutoff value for identifying patients with OSA. A total of 90 children with obesity were enrolled, among whom 39 (43.3%) had OSA. The groups were comparable in terms of age and sex. Median HOMA-IR values were significantly higher in the OSA group (p = 0.014). Total OAHI showed moderately positive correlation with HOMA-IR (rho = 0.325, p = 0.002), and baseline insulin levels measured during OGTT (rho = 0.323, p = 0.002). In multiple linear regression analysis, HOMA-IR remained independently associated with OSA severity after adjustment for age, sex, BMI z-score, sleep efficiency, and pubertal status (beta = 0.691, p = 0.025). ROC analysis identified a HOMA-IR cutoff of 3.39, with 72% sensitivity and 59% specificity for OSA. CONCLUSION: HOMA-IR was independently associated with OSA severity in children with obesity, suggesting that insulin resistance may serve as a useful adjunct marker for identifying patients at higher risk and prioritizing PSG evaluation. WHAT IS KNOWN: * Childhood obesity is strongly associated with both obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and insulin resistance. Whether insulin resistance contributes to OSA risk beyond the effect of obesity remains controversial. * Access to polysomnography (PSG) is limited, creating an unmet need for practical tools to identify children at greatest risk for OSA. WHAT IS NEW: * To our knowledge, this is the first pediatric study to evaluate HOMA-IR as a tool for identifying children with obesity at increased risk of obstructive sleep apnea and to propose a clinically applicable HOMA-IR threshold for prioritizing polysomnography referral. * In non-diabetic children with obesity, insulin resistance was independently associated with OSA severity, regardless of obesity, pubertal status, and other clinically relevant confounders. Children with HOMA-IR >/= 3.39 had a substantially greater burden of obstructive sleep apnea. These findings support HOMA-IR as a simple, widely available biomarker that could help prioritize children with obesity for PSG evaluation and improve risk stratification in pediatric sleep medicine. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Sunman, Birce AU - Sunman B AD - Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. bircesunman@gmail.com. AD - Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, School of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, 06230, Ankara, Turkey. bircesunman@gmail.com. FAU - Alboga, Didem AU - Alboga D AD - Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Akgul Erdal, Meltem AU - Akgul Erdal M AD - Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Demir, Havva Ipek AU - Demir HI AD - Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Senkalfa, Burcu AU - Senkalfa B AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Vuralli, Dogus AU - Vuralli D AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Emiralioglu, Nagehan AU - Emiralioglu N AD - Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Gonc, Nazli AU - Gonc N AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Ozon, Alev AU - Ozon A AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Yalcin, Ebru AU - Yalcin E AD - Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Dogru, Deniz AU - Dogru D AD - Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Ozcelik, Ugur AU - Ozcelik U AD - Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260910 PL - Germany TA - Eur J Pediatr JT - European journal of pediatrics JID - 7603873 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/diagnosis/complications/etiology MH - *Insulin Resistance MH - Child MH - Male MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Polysomnography MH - *Pediatric Obesity/complications MH - Severity of Illness Index MH - Glucose Tolerance Test MH - Risk Factors MH - ROC Curve MH - Body Mass Index OTO - NOTNLM OT - AHI OT - Child OT - Insulin resistance OT - Sleep apnea COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Hacettepe University (Approval No: GO 22/138) and conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from the parents or legal guardians of all participants, and assent was obtained from children when appropriate. Consent for publication: All authors have read and approved the final manuscript and consent to its publication. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/09/11 05:36 MHDA- 2026/09/11 05:37 CRDT- 2026/09/10 23:55 PHST- 2026/06/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/11 05:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/11 05:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/10 23:55 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07395-3 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07395-3 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Eur J Pediatr. 2026 Sep 10;185(10):739. doi: 10.1007/s00431-026-07395-3. PMID- 42722725 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260911 LR - 20260917 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Sep 8 TI - Probability of predicting dietary pattern adherence among primary schoolchildren based on socio-demographic data, anthropometric parameters, physical activity levels, and nutritional knowledge. LID - 10.1038/s41598-026-70753-6 [doi] LID - 28356 AB - Adolescence is a critical period of rapid physical and psychosocial development during which eating behaviours are influenced by a variety of internal and external factors. Understanding these relationships is crucial for preventing unhealthy dietary habits and for effective nutrition education. This cross-sectional study included 7,763 schoolchildren aged 10-12 (49.2% boys, 50.8% girls) from Polish schools. The validated questionnaire was used to assess children's nutritional knowledge, dietary habits, and physical activity. Standard anthropometric measurements (body weight, height, waist circumference) were taken, and BMI, WHtR, RFMp, and TMI were calculated. Descriptive statistics were used for sample characteristics. Principal component analysis (PCA) with varimax rotation (MSA = 0.796) was used to identify dietary patterns. Logistic regression modeled predictors of belonging to the highest tertile. Three dietary patterns were identified: Salty-Sweet, Plant-Dairy, and Protein. Children classified as overweight according to the RFMp index and children who were very physically active showed less adherence to the Salty-Sweet Pattern. Schoolchildren who were underweight according to the BMI index and those with low nutritional knowledge were more likely to follow the Salty-Sweet Pattern. Girls, children with an elevated waist-to-hip ratio (WHtR), and very physically active children were more likely to be in the third tertile of the Plant-Dairy Pattern. Schoolchildren with low nutritional knowledge showed less adherence to this pattern. Girls showed less adherence to the protein pattern, whereas underweight children and those who were very physically active showed greater adherence. The dietary patterns of schoolchildren are interrelated, and knowledge of nutrition and physical activity is the main modifiable determinant. These factors can be utilised when developing strategies for regularly assessing nutritional status and providing specialist advice to schoolchildrens, their families, and teachers. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Drywien, Malgorzata Ewa AU - Drywien ME AD - Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, Warsaw, Poland. FAU - Czarniecka-Skubina, Ewa AU - Czarniecka-Skubina E AD - Department of Food Gastronomy and Food Hygiene, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, Nowoursynowska st. 159c, Warsaw, 02-787, Poland. ewa_czarniecka-skubina@sggw.edu.pl. FAU - Hamulka, Jadwiga AU - Hamulka J AD - Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, Warsaw, Poland. FAU - Gebski, Jerzy AU - Gebski J AD - Department of Food Market and Consumer Research, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, Warsaw, Poland. FAU - Januszko, Olga AU - Januszko O AD - Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, Warsaw, Poland. FAU - Sadowska, Joanna AU - Sadowska J AD - Department of Applied Microbiology and Human Nutrition Physiology, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland. FAU - Gutkowska, Krystyna AU - Gutkowska K AD - Department of Food Market and Consumer Research, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, Warsaw, Poland. LA - eng GR - MEiN/2022/DPI/96 of 7 March 2022/Polish Ministry of Education and Science/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20260908 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Child MH - *Exercise MH - Male MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Anthropometry MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MH - Body Mass Index MH - Poland MH - *Diet MH - Surveys and Questionnaires PMC - PMC13562532 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Anthropometric data OT - Dietary patterns OT - Nutritional knowledge OT - Physical activity OT - Schoolchildren OT - Socio-demographic factors COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: Ewa Czarniecka-Skubina - Editor Board Member. Implications and contribution: This study has implications for educational and public health policies targeting young people. Adolescents follow distinct dietary patterns shaped by modifiable factors. These findings may inform strategies to prevent nutritional deficiencies through regular dietary assessment and targeted guidance for schoolchildrenadolescents, families, and educators. EDAT- 2026/09/11 05:36 MHDA- 2026/09/11 05:37 PMCR- 2026/09/08 CRDT- 2026/09/10 23:46 PHST- 2026/07/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/11 05:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/11 05:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/10 23:46 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-70753-6 [pii] AID - 70753 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-70753-6 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2026 Sep 8;16(1):28356. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-70753-6. PMID- 42722700 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261002 LR - 20261005 IS - 2092-6413 (Electronic) IS - 1226-3613 (Print) IS - 1226-3613 (Linking) VI - 58 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Linking visceral fat accumulation to gut microbiota: key bacterial taxa and their roles in the glycogen synthesis pathway. PG - 3113-3126 LID - 10.1038/s12276-026-01828-7 [doi] AB - Obesity, marked by visceral fat accumulation, has a complex relationship with the gut microbiome that impacts body weight and fat accumulation. However, previous studies did not account for fat distribution, reflecting only overall fat mass, leaving specifics of this relationship partially understood. Here we analyzed the mechanistic links between visceral fat and the microbiome in a large cohort of healthy Koreans. Using permutational multivariate analysis of variance and prediction modeling, we examined associations between microbial profiles and metabolic variables including insulin, triglycerides, waist circumference and visceral fat. The strongest correlations were noted with specific enterotypes. Shotgun sequencing revealed that visceral fat is linked to the glycogen synthesis pathway influenced by Dorea longicatena and Bifidobacterium adolescentis. This suggests that these specific microbial signatures and their associated functional potential play a role in visceral fat-related obesity. To validate these findings, we conducted an in vivo study using diet-induced obesity mouse model. Oral administration of D. longicatena or B. adolescentis significantly promoted body weight gain and fat mass expansion and induced hepatic lipogenic gene upregulation. The prevalence of these strains in Korean and American populations highlights their global relevance, contributing to the development of personalized treatments and advanced health strategies. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Kim, Nam-Eun AU - Kim NE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4155-2584 AD - Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. AD - Department of Medical Informatics, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea. FAU - Cho, Beomki AU - Cho B AD - Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Yunjae AU - Kim Y AD - Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Gihyeon AU - Kim G AD - Genomic Medicine Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. AD - Genome and Company, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea. FAU - Yie, Ga-Eun AU - Yie GE AD - Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Haeon AU - Kim H AD - Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea. FAU - Park, Jaesung AU - Park J AD - Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Hyun AU - Kim H AD - Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea. FAU - Jeong, Chanyoung AU - Jeong C AD - Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, Minji AU - Lee M AD - Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea. FAU - Joo, Yanghyun AU - Joo Y AD - Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lim, Sua AU - Lim S AD - Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea. FAU - Park, Sihyeon AU - Park S AD - Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea. FAU - Hong, Yeji AU - Hong Y AD - Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea. FAU - Min, Kyungchan AU - Min K AD - Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea. FAU - Cho, Belong AU - Cho B AD - Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. AD - Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Yun, Jae Moon AU - Yun JM AD - Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. AD - Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Jung, Eun Sung AU - Jung ES AD - HEM Pharma, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea. FAU - Ji, Yosep AU - Ji Y AD - HEM Pharma, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea. FAU - Cho, Seongbeom AU - Cho S AD - College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Seong, Je Kyung AU - Seong JK AD - Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. AD - Korea Model Animal Priority Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Park, Hansoo AU - Park H AD - Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea. hspark27@gist.ac.kr. AD - Genome and Company, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea. hspark27@gist.ac.kr. FAU - Park, Jin-Ho AU - Park JH AD - Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. pjhn@snu.ac.kr. AD - Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. pjhn@snu.ac.kr. FAU - Won, Sungho AU - Won S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5751-5089 AD - Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. won1@snu.ac.kr. AD - Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. won1@snu.ac.kr. AD - RexSoft Corp, Seoul, Republic of Korea. won1@snu.ac.kr. AD - Department of Public Health Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. won1@snu.ac.kr. LA - eng GR - 2022R1A2C2008976/Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning (MSIP)/ GR - RS-2023-00228315/Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning (MSIP)/ GR - 2024-ER2108-00/Ministry of Health, Welfare and Family Affairs | Korea National Institute of Health (KNIH)/ GR - RS-2021-NR060088/National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)/ GR - KSC-2024-CRE-0514/National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260910 PL - United States TA - Exp Mol Med JT - Experimental & molecular medicine JID - 9607880 RN - 9005-79-2 (Glycogen) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - *Intra-Abdominal Fat/metabolism MH - *Gastrointestinal Microbiome MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Glycogen/biosynthesis MH - Mice MH - *Obesity/metabolism/microbiology/etiology MH - Female MH - *Bacteria/classification/genetics MH - Bifidobacterium adolescentis PMC - PMC13633279 COIS- Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/09/11 05:36 MHDA- 2026/10/03 05:33 PMCR- 2026/09/10 CRDT- 2026/09/10 23:43 PHST- 2025/09/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/10/03 05:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/11 05:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/10 23:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s12276-026-01828-7 [pii] AID - 1828 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s12276-026-01828-7 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Exp Mol Med. 2026 Sep;58(9):3113-3126. doi: 10.1038/s12276-026-01828-7. Epub 2026 Sep 10. PMID- 42721609 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260910 IS - 1873-1244 (Electronic) IS - 0899-9007 (Linking) VI - 153 DP - 2026 Aug 18 TI - Not only bowel: opportunistic assessment of sarcopenia in pediatric ulcerative colitis patients undergoing magnetic resonance enterography. PG - 113402 LID - S0899-9007(26)00309-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.nut.2026.113402 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: Malnutrition and sarcopenia are under-recognized complications in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease, with an understudied interrelationship. This exploratory study aimed to estimate the prevalence of sarcopenia in children with newly diagnosed Ulcerative Colitis (UC) and to investigate associations between opportunistically MRE-derived muscle metrics and clinical, laboratory, and endoscopic disease activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective enrollment of 20 children aged 6-18 years who were ultimately diagnosed with UC and had undergone MRE as part of the systematic initial diagnostic work-up for suspected pediatric IBD. Total psoas muscle area (tPMA) was measured on axial T2-weighted images at the L3 vertebral level and used as a sarcopenia biomarker: "at risk of sarcopenia" with tPMA <10th percentile, and with "severe sarcopenia" /=0.70, 0.80, and 0.90). Sensitivity analyses using the combined durations of sessions and glances produced similar conservative monitoring-day recommendations. RESULTS: Single-day ICCs were 0.69 (95% CI 0.63-0.76) for Android Chronicle and 0.71 (95% CI 0.65-0.77) for iOS Screenshot data. Point-estimate projections indicated that 2 monitoring days were sufficient to achieve an ICC>/=0.80 for both data sources. Using the more conservative criterion that the lower bound of the projected 95% CI exceeded 0.80, 3 monitoring days were required for both Android and iOS data. Screen time was significantly lower on weekends than on weekdays, suggesting that monitoring periods should include at least 1 weekend day. CONCLUSIONS: Among caregivers of preschool-aged children, relatively short objective monitoring periods may provide reliable estimates of average daily smartphone screen time within a 7-day monitoring period. Two monitoring days were sufficient under point-estimate projections, whereas 3 days were required using a conservative lower-bound criterion. These findings support the feasibility of brief smartphone monitoring protocols for estimating the 7-day average duration, while emphasizing the importance of including weekend representation and avoiding the extension of these estimates to longer-term habitual smartphone behavior or screen time metrics beyond duration without further evidence. CI - (c) Joshua Culverhouse, Taylor Adair, Meghan Restino, Heidi M Weeks, Jenny S Radesky, R Glenn Weaver, Sarah Burkart, Hannah Parker, Olivia L Finnegan, Anthony J Holmes, Keagan Kiely, Rahul Ghosal, Srihari Nelakuditi, Michael W Beets, Bridget Armstrong. Originally published in JMIR mHealth and uHealth (https://mhealth.jmir.org). FAU - Culverhouse, Joshua AU - Culverhouse J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5345-5760 AD - Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, PHRC - Room 140, 921 Assembly St, Columbia, SC, 29201, United States, 1 8032017927. FAU - Adair, Taylor AU - Adair T AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-8045-9984 AD - Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, PHRC - Room 140, 921 Assembly St, Columbia, SC, 29201, United States, 1 8032017927. FAU - Restino, Meghan AU - Restino M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-1557-2471 AD - Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, PHRC - Room 140, 921 Assembly St, Columbia, SC, 29201, United States, 1 8032017927. FAU - Weeks, Heidi M AU - Weeks HM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3467-7987 AD - University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, United States. FAU - Radesky, Jenny S AU - Radesky JS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7721-7350 AD - University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States. FAU - Weaver, R Glenn AU - Weaver RG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5889-974X AD - Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, PHRC - Room 140, 921 Assembly St, Columbia, SC, 29201, United States, 1 8032017927. FAU - Burkart, Sarah AU - Burkart S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0840-1680 AD - Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, PHRC - Room 140, 921 Assembly St, Columbia, SC, 29201, United States, 1 8032017927. FAU - Parker, Hannah AU - Parker H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4197-7224 AD - Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, PHRC - Room 140, 921 Assembly St, Columbia, SC, 29201, United States, 1 8032017927. FAU - Finnegan, Olivia L AU - Finnegan OL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0625-1479 AD - Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, PHRC - Room 140, 921 Assembly St, Columbia, SC, 29201, United States, 1 8032017927. FAU - Holmes, Anthony J AU - Holmes AJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4711-629X AD - Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, PHRC - Room 140, 921 Assembly St, Columbia, SC, 29201, United States, 1 8032017927. FAU - Kiely, Keagan AU - Kiely K AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-0015-3484 AD - Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, PHRC - Room 140, 921 Assembly St, Columbia, SC, 29201, United States, 1 8032017927. FAU - Ghosal, Rahul AU - Ghosal R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0939-4731 AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States. FAU - Nelakuditi, Srihari AU - Nelakuditi S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5990-394X AD - Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States. FAU - Beets, Michael W AU - Beets MW AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6728-6742 AD - Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, PHRC - Room 140, 921 Assembly St, Columbia, SC, 29201, United States, 1 8032017927. FAU - Armstrong, Bridget AU - Armstrong B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1909-8170 AD - Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, PHRC - Room 140, 921 Assembly St, Columbia, SC, 29201, United States, 1 8032017927. LA - eng GR - P20 GM130420/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 HD112311/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural DEP - 20260910 PL - Canada TA - JMIR Mhealth Uhealth JT - JMIR mHealth and uHealth JID - 101624439 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Smartphone/statistics & numerical data/instrumentation/standards MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - *Caregivers/statistics & numerical data/psychology MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Screen Time MH - Female MH - Male MH - Time Factors PMC - PMC13561401 OTO - NOTNLM OT - passive sensing OT - reliability OT - sampling duration OT - screen time OT - smartphone COIS- Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/10 17:42 MHDA- 2026/09/10 17:43 PMCR- 2026/09/10 CRDT- 2026/09/10 15:53 PHST- 2025/08/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/10 17:43 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/10 17:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/10 15:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v14i1e82846 [pii] AID - 82846 [pii] AID - 10.2196/82846 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JMIR Mhealth Uhealth. 2026 Sep 10;14:e82846. doi: 10.2196/82846. PMID- 42721394 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260910 LR - 20260910 IS - 2757-6256 (Print) IS - 2757-6256 (Linking) VI - 61 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Jul 6 TI - Does Body Fat Mass Influence the Timing of Puberty in Boys with Constitutional Delay of Growth and Puberty? PG - 815-821 LID - 10.65717/TurkArchPediatr.2026.25450 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: In girls, a strong relationship exists between body fat percentage (BFP) and pubertal development, with a critical fat threshold considered essential for the initiation of puberty. In contrast, research addressing the impact of body composition on the timing of puberty in boys remains limited, and the available findings are inconsistent. To evaluate the association between body composition and delayed pubertal development in boys with constitutional delay of growth and puberty (CDGP) compared with healthy peers. METHODS: Thirty-one boys with CDGP and 31 age-matched healthy males (Tanner stage 2-4) were included. Body composition was assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Body fat percentage (BFP), fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), fat mass index (FMI), and fat-free mass index (FFMI) were evaluated. A BFP value of 17% was used as a descriptive reference rather than a validated biological cut-off. RESULTS: The mean chronological age was 14.1 +/- 0.5 years in the CDGP group and 13.9 +/- 1.1 years in the control group (P = .4). Compared with controls, boys with CDGP had significantly lower body mass index (BMI) standard deviation (SD) scores (P = .01). FM and FM SD scores were also significantly lower (both P = .002), and BFP was reduced (P = .03). No significant difference in BFP SD score was observed between groups (P > .05). The FFM/FM ratio was higher in the CDGP group (P = .04). FMI, FMI SD score, FFMI, and FFMI SD score were all significantly lower in boys with CDGP (P = .02, P = .02, P = .009, and P = .009, respectively). A BFP below 17% was observed in 58.1% of CDGP patients compared with 9.7% of controls (P < .001). CONCLUSION: Lower BMI, FM, and FFMI were associated with delayed pubertal onset in boys with CDGP, suggesting a potential relationship between reduced adiposity, lean mass, and the timing of pubertal development. CI - Content of this journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. Copyright (c) Author(s) - Available online at https://turkarchpediatr.org/EN. Published by the Turkish Pediatrics Association. FAU - Kagizmanli, Gozde Akin AU - Kagizmanli GA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6158-9002 AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkiye. FAU - Demir, Korcan AU - Demir K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8334-2422 AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkiye. FAU - Bober, Ece AU - Bober E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8828-0892 AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkiye. FAU - Abaci, Ayhan AU - Abaci A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1812-0321 AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260706 PL - Turkey TA - Turk Arch Pediatr JT - Turkish archives of pediatrics JID - 101776822 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adiposity OT - body composition OT - delayed puberty OT - fat mass OT - male OT - pubertal onset COIS- The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. EDAT- 2026/09/10 17:42 MHDA- 2026/09/10 17:43 CRDT- 2026/09/10 15:53 PHST- 2026/09/10 17:43 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/10 17:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/10 15:53 [entrez] AID - 10.65717/TurkArchPediatr.2026.25450 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Turk Arch Pediatr. 2026 Jul 6;61(9):815-821. doi: 10.65717/TurkArchPediatr.2026.25450. PMID- 42720613 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260910 IS - 1878-7401 (Electronic) IS - 0928-7329 (Linking) DP - 2026 Sep 10 TI - The triple burden of malnutrition and the role of machine learning: A systematic review. PG - 9287329261481452 LID - 10.1177/09287329261481452 [doi] AB - BackgroundMalnutrition remains a key global health concern encompassing the triple burden of undernutrition (stunting and wasting), micronutrient deficiencies, and overnutrition. These situations persist across all life phases and regions, significantly contributing to diseases, mortality, and impaired development. With increasing data availability, machine learning has emerged as a powerful tool capable of identifying complex, and diverse determinants of malnutrition and providing early, data-driven predictions for interventions.ObjectiveThe primary objective of this article is to provide a systematically review of existing literature to identify the determinants and contributing factors of malnutrition across different age groups and to highlight the application of machine learning algorithms in predicting malnutrition.MethodsA systematic literature review was conducted using multiple databases. The review analysed determinants of malnutrition and assessed the use of various ML algorithms such as decision trees, random forests, support vector machines, and neural networks in predicting malnutrition. Studies included were peer-reviewed and focused on assessable features such as anthropometric, socioeconomic, dietary, and environmental factors.ResultsThe review highlights that the triple burden of malnutrition continues as a global health challenge. Socioeconomic status, demographic characteristics, dietary patterns, maternal education, and health indicators were identified as chief determinants. ML models have demonstrated high predictive accuracy in identifying at-risk populations by studying multidimensional relationships that traditional methods often overlook. Among these, decision trees, random forests, and neural networks performed constantly well across diverse datasets and contexts.ConclusionThis review founds that machine learning plays a transformative role in addressing malnutrition by enabling early prediction, identification of risk factors, and policymaking. However, current studies are largely centred on children and pregnant women, with limited focus on adolescents especially adolescent girls who are equally vulnerable to undernutrition, micronutrient deficiencies, and obesity. Future research should expand to include adolescent populations and employ real-time, primary data from wearable devices, mobile health applications, and IoT-based nutrition monitoring tools. The adoption of explainable AI and deep learning will further enhance model interpretability and scalability. Collaborating these advanced technologies will reinforce global efforts to achieve sustainable nutrition and health equity. FAU - Kaur, Harminder AU - Kaur H AD - Faculty of Applied Sciences, IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala, Punjab, India. FAU - Sharma, Pooja AU - Sharma P AD - Faculty of Applied Sciences, IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala, Punjab, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260910 PL - United States TA - Technol Health Care JT - Technology and health care : official journal of the European Society for Engineering and Medicine JID - 9314590 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Nutrition OT - machine learning OT - malnutrition OT - overweight OT - stunting OT - wasting EDAT- 2026/09/10 11:53 MHDA- 2026/09/10 11:53 CRDT- 2026/09/10 10:34 PHST- 2026/09/10 11:53 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/10 11:53 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/10 10:34 [entrez] AID - 10.1177/09287329261481452 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Technol Health Care. 2026 Sep 10:9287329261481452. doi: 10.1177/09287329261481452. PMID- 42720508 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260910 LR - 20260915 IS - 1460-2245 (Electronic) IS - 0957-4824 (Print) IS - 0957-4824 (Linking) VI - 41 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Sep 1 TI - A realist inspired barriers and facilitators evaluation of the co-creation process in the Youth-centred Participatory Action Project. LID - 10.1093/heapro/daag134 [doi] LID - daag134 AB - This study examined barriers and facilitators of the first phase of the co-creation process as part of the Youth-centred Participatory Action (YoPA) project, a multi-country co-creation initiative to address health inequities by engaging adolescents in Denmark, Nigeria, South Africa, and the Netherlands. Using a qualitative design informed by implementation science and realist thinking, we analysed data from 22 transcripts of semi-structured interviews with researchers, facilitators, and external stakeholders, alongside 61 logbooks from co-creation sessions. Data were coded deductively using the PROSECO process-evaluation framework, followed by the development of exploratory Context-Mechanism-Outcome configurations. Findings highlight four predominant areas shaping the co-creation process: group dynamics, partnerships, contextual influences, and resources and support. Facilitators included psychologically safe spaces, horizontal communication, consistent facilitation, strong institutional partnerships, motivation driven by purpose and belonging, and access to organizational resources and staff support. Barriers were associated with socioeconomic adversity, unstable infrastructures, logistical constraints, competing priorities, uneven engagement, and challenges in translating complex systems-thinking concepts into youth-friendly practice. Realist interpretations suggest that when structured participation, trust, and relational support were present, they activated mechanisms of ownership, agency, and sustained engagement; conversely, low-resource contexts and activities overload hindered participation, feasibility, and engagement. This study contributes empirical evidence on co-creation processes with adolescents across diverse settings. It demonstrates the combined value of the PROSECO framework and realist-inspired analysis for evaluation and understanding of how context and mechanisms shape co-creation in health-related research. Implications include the need for resourcing relational work, and designing context-sensitive strategies when conducting co-creation with adolescents. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. Published by Oxford University Press. FAU - Souza, Maria Fernanda S AU - Souza MFS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4135-8549 AD - Research Center in Sports, Physical Education, Exercise and Health (CIDEFES), Universidade Lusofona, Campo Grande, 376, Lisboa 1749-024, Portugal. AD - CIFI2D, Faculdade de Desporto, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Placido Costa 91, Porto 4200-450, Portugal. FAU - Chinapaw, Mai AU - Chinapaw M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6259-2441 AD - Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - Silva, Catarina Santos AU - Silva CS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9464-7064 AD - Research Center in Sports, Physical Education, Exercise and Health (CIDEFES), Universidade Lusofona, Campo Grande, 376, Lisboa 1749-024, Portugal. AD - CIFI2D, Faculdade de Desporto, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Placido Costa 91, Porto 4200-450, Portugal. FAU - Demetriadou, Leto AU - Demetriadou L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2620-9932 AD - Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - Madsen, Line AU - Madsen L AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-4539-3842 AD - Department of Sports Science and Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Southern Denmark University, Campusvej, 55, Odense M DK52-30, Denmark. FAU - Maluleke, Vongani AU - Maluleke V AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-8426-4632 AD - Department of Paediatrics, School of Clinical Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits Medical School, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa. FAU - Ndwandwe, Lethukuthula AU - Ndwandwe L AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-1373-960X AD - Department of Paediatrics, School of Clinical Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits Medical School, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa. FAU - Okafor, Anita AU - Okafor A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4510-1553 AD - Department of Physiotherapy, Redeemer's University, off Gbongan - Oshogbo Road, Ede, Osun State 232101, Nigeria. FAU - Ogunleye, Adefunke AU - Ogunleye A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-2821-6811 AD - Gender and Education Department, Value Re-Orientation for Community Enhancement (VARCE), 25, Bola Famoyin Lane, Dada State, Osogbo, Osun State 230261, Nigeria. FAU - Vargas, Jesse AU - Vargas J AD - Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - Longworth, Giuliana AU - Longworth G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9063-4821 AD - School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, Cowcaddens Road, Glasgow G4 0BA, United Kingdom. FAU - Altenburg, Teatske AU - Altenburg T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8764-5631 AD - Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - Klaufus, Leonie AU - Klaufus L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9878-3530 AD - Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - Omotoso, Dayo AU - Omotoso D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4467-2955 AD - Department of Anatomy, Redeemer's University, off Gbongan - Oshogbo Road, Ede, Osun State 232101, Nigeria. FAU - Oyeyemi, Adewale AU - Oyeyemi A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3737-2911 AD - College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, 550 N, 3rd Street, Health North Building, Suite 501, Phoenix, AZ 85004, United States. FAU - Ware, Lisa AU - Ware L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9762-4017 AD - Department of Paediatrics, School of Clinical Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits Medical School, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa. FAU - Palmeira, Antonio AU - Palmeira A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6508-0599 AD - Research Center in Sports, Physical Education, Exercise and Health (CIDEFES), Universidade Lusofona, Campo Grande, 376, Lisboa 1749-024, Portugal. AD - CIFI2D, Faculdade de Desporto, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Placido Costa 91, Porto 4200-450, Portugal. FAU - Silva, Marlene N AU - Silva MN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4734-0283 AD - Research Center in Sports, Physical Education, Exercise and Health (CIDEFES), Universidade Lusofona, Campo Grande, 376, Lisboa 1749-024, Portugal. AD - CIFI2D, Faculdade de Desporto, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Placido Costa 91, Porto 4200-450, Portugal. LA - eng GR - WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom GR - 301436/Z/23/Z/Wellcome Trust UK/ GR - 101095423/Horizon Europe/ PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Health Promot Int JT - Health promotion international JID - 9008939 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Nigeria MH - South Africa MH - Denmark MH - *Health Promotion/organization & administration/methods MH - Netherlands MH - Qualitative Research MH - Community-Based Participatory Research MH - Group Dynamics PMC - PMC13560076 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - co-creation OT - health inequities OT - movement behaviours OT - participatory research OT - physical activity OT - realist thinking COIS- The authors report there are no competing interests to declare. EDAT- 2026/09/10 11:53 MHDA- 2026/09/10 11:54 PMCR- 2026/09/10 CRDT- 2026/09/10 10:03 PHST- 2026/09/10 11:54 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/10 11:53 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/10 10:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 8789919 [pii] AID - daag134 [pii] AID - 10.1093/heapro/daag134 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Health Promot Int. 2026 Sep 1;41(5):daag134. doi: 10.1093/heapro/daag134. PMID- 42720098 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260910 LR - 20261015 IS - 1469-493X (Electronic) IS - 1361-6137 (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep 10 TI - Iodine supplementation for preventing iodine deficiency disorders in children and adolescents. PG - CD014475 LID - 10.1002/14651858.CD014475.pub2 [doi] LID - CD014475 AB - RATIONALE: Iodine is a micronutrient crucial in the early stages of human development, as it is essential for synthesising thyroid hormones involved in somatic growth and neurodevelopment. It is far better to prevent iodine deficiency than to treat it, since children are particularly vulnerable to iodine deficiency disorders, which involve a broad spectrum of consequences including endemic goitre, delayed growth and development of the central nervous system, intellectual impairment, and infant mortality. The primary dietary sources of iodine are iodised salt, seafood (animals and plants concentrate iodine from seawater), and grains from iodine-rich soils. Reliable evidence is needed on the benefits and harms of direct iodine supplementation in children and adolescents before considering its use to prevent the health consequences of iodine deficiency. OBJECTIVES: To assess the benefits and harms of iodine supplementation for preventing iodine deficiency in children and adolescents. SEARCH METHODS: We searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, eight other databases, and two trials registries to 8 May 2025. We also searched the reference lists of retrieved studies. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the benefits and harms of iodine supplementation alone (orally or by injection) or in combination with vitamins and minerals (orally or by injection) compared with placebo. OUTCOMES: Our critical outcomes were cognitive function assessed by validated scales, growth, hypothyroidism, and adverse events. Important outcomes included health-related quality of life, all-cause mortality, and goitre. RISK OF BIAS: We used the Cochrane RoB 2 tool to assess the risk of bias in the included studies. SYNTHESIS METHODS: Two review authors independently selected trials, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias. We used random-effects meta-analysis to combine data. We assessed the certainty of the evidence using GRADE. INCLUDED STUDIES: We included eight RCTs with a total of 2528 participants. The trials were conducted in seven countries between 1982 and 2009. The trials compared iodine supplementation (alone or with iron in one study) versus placebo. In one study, iodine supplementation was 150 mug daily for 28 weeks, while in the remaining studies, iodine supplementation was done in a single dose: 100 mg in a study on infants younger than 1 year, and a dose between 400 mg and 490 mg for children 6 to 17 years. Follow-up ranged from 3 to 22 months. SYNTHESIS OF RESULTS: Iodine supplementation versus placebo Iodine supplementation results in a slight increase in cognitive function compared to placebo (standardised mean difference 0.19, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.04 to 0.34; 1 study, 166 participants; high-certainty evidence). Iodine supplementation may result in little to no difference in children's weight (kg) compared to placebo (mean difference (MD) -0.20, 95% CI -1.92 to 1.52; I(2) = 44%; 3 studies, 658 participants; low-certainty evidence). We downgraded the certainty of evidence by one level for imprecision and one level for heterogeneity. Iodine supplementation likely results in a large reduction in hypothyroidism compared to placebo (risk ratio (RR) 0.03, 95% CI 0.00 to 0.23; 1 study, 264 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). We downgraded the certainty of evidence by one level for risk of bias. No study reported adverse events related to iodine or quality of life. Iodine supplementation likely reduces all-cause mortality in infants compared to placebo (RR 0.32, 95% CI 0.14 to 0.73; 1 study, 617 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). We downgraded the certainty of evidence by one level for risk of bias. The evidence is very uncertain about the effect of iodine supplementation on the reduction of goitre (RR 0.68, 95% CI 0.15 to 3.07; I(2) = 97%; 2 studies, 432 participants; very low-certainty evidence). We downgraded the certainty of evidence by one level for imprecision, one level for heterogeneity, and one level for risk of bias. However, a sensitivity analysis removing the study with high risk of bias showed that iodine likely results in a large reduction in goitre (RR 0.31, 95% CI 0.22 to 0.45; 1 study, 230 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). Iodine plus iron supplementation versus placebo Iodine plus iron supplementation was compared to placebo in a single study. The evidence is very uncertain about the effect of iodine plus iron on weight (MD -0.40, 95% CI -1.44 to 0.64; 1 study, 146 participants; very low-certainty evidence). We downgraded the certainty of evidence by two levels for imprecision and one level for risk of bias. No other outcomes were assessed for this comparison. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Iodine supplementation, in the doses and follow-up periods evaluated in published RCTs, results in a slight increase in cognitive function and may result in little to no difference in growth. It likely reduces hypothyroidism and the risk of death in infants, but the evidence is very uncertain about its effect on the reduction of goitre. Future studies should focus on areas or populations in which iodine deficiency could be a problem, and include children of lower socioeconomic levels. They should evaluate higher doses of iodine administered during longer periods of treatment and follow-up times. FUNDING: This Cochrane review had no dedicated funding. REGISTRATION: Protocol (2023). DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD014475. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. FAU - Velasco, Ines AU - Velasco I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6143-6970 AD - Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain. FAU - Rueda-Etxebarria, Mikel AU - Rueda-Etxebarria M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4341-9245 AD - Free time independent Cochrane reviewer, Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, Bilbao, Spain. FAU - Trak-Fellermeier, Maria Angelica AU - Trak-Fellermeier MA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2152-2935 AD - Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Florida International University / Global Nutrition Professionals, Miami, Florida, USA. FAU - Taylor, Peter AU - Taylor P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3436-422X AD - Thyroid Research Group, Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK. FAU - Rabassa Bonet, Montserrat AU - Rabassa Bonet M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0276-6726 AD - Iberoamerican Cochrane Centre, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA-UB), Facultat de Farmacia i Ciencies de l'Alimentacio, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Chi, Yuan AU - Chi Y AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-9745-2019 AD - Yealth Network, Beijing Yealth Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing, China. AD - Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, & Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada. FAU - Janka, Heidrun AU - Janka H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8677-4036 AD - Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany. FAU - Rueda, Jose-Ramon AU - Rueda JR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3560-7315 AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Meta-Analysis PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20260910 PL - England TA - Cochrane Database Syst Rev JT - The Cochrane database of systematic reviews JID - 100909747 RN - 9679TC07X4 (Iodine) RN - 0 (Trace Elements) SB - IM UOF - doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD014475 MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - Cognition/drug effects MH - Deficiency Diseases/prevention & control MH - *Dietary Supplements/adverse effects MH - Hypothyroidism/prevention & control MH - *Iodine/deficiency/administration & dosage/adverse effects MH - Quality of Life MH - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic MH - *Trace Elements/administration & dosage PMC - PMC13559954 COIS- Ines Velasco (IV): none known. Mikel Rueda-Etxebarria (MRE): none known. Maria Angelica Trak-Fellermeier (MTF): none known. Peter Taylor (PT): none known. Montserrat Rabassa Bonet (MRB): none known. Yuan Chi (YC): none known. Heidrun Janka (HJ): none known. HJ is a member of the Cochrane Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders Group, but she was not involved in the editorial process of the review. Jose-Ramon Rueda (JRR): none known. EDAT- 2026/09/10 11:53 MHDA- 2026/09/10 11:54 PMCR- 2027/09/10 CRDT- 2026/09/10 09:02 PHST- 2026/09/10 11:54 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/10 11:53 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/10 09:02 [entrez] PHST- 2027/09/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - CD014475.pub2 [pii] AID - 10.1002/14651858.CD014475.pub2 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2026 Sep 10;9(9):CD014475. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD014475.pub2. PMID- 42718735 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260910 LR - 20260911 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Understanding vaccination gaps in Peru: a convergent cross-sectional analysis of coverage, parental perceptions, and child mortality data in Sunampe. PG - 1779442 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1779442 [doi] LID - 1779442 AB - BACKGROUND: The Sunampe district on the Peruvian coast faces challenges related to adherence to childhood vaccination schedules. This study aimed to assess whether non-compliance with vaccination correlates with an increased risk of vaccine-preventable epidemiological vulnerability and health system fragility among children under five, within the context of low coverage in Sunampe. METHODS: An analytical, correlational, cross-sectional study was conducted involving 123 families in Sunampe. Data on vaccination status, reported illnesses, and mortality of children aged 1 to 5 years were collected. Medical records were reviewed for vaccine-preventable diseases, and mortality data were obtained from the SINADEF database. Severe non-compliance was defined as vaccination discontinued by 6 months of age (>/=3 missed key doses). Logistic regression with prespecified predictors (knowledge, fear, access) was used to identify determinants of severe non-compliance. Mortality data were obtained from the SINADEF database (2017-2022). Sensitivity analysis using Firth's penalized logistic regression with dimension reduction (composite knowledge, fear, and access scores) addressed low events-per-variable (EPV = 4.5). RESULTS: Some Peruvian districts had to improve health facilities, while families in Sunampe perceived the single local health center as insufficient. No active vaccine-preventable illnesses were reported among surveyed children, but SINADEF data showed 10 deaths in children under five between 2017 and 2022, including 6 around respiratory mechanics issues (Pneumococcus) and 1 with malnutrition (no clearly anemia). Also, it was shown the prevalence of illness and incomplete immunization, as well as increased rates of anemia in Peru. Logistic regression models had fair to good predictive power and identified two significant predictors of severe non-compliance: lack of knowledge about vaccination age (Q17: OR = 10.96, 95% CI: 3.40-35.36, p = 0.0001) and never attending a vaccine information session (Q18: OR = 3.32, 95% CI: 1.16-9.57, p = 0.026). Fear of reactions (reported by 99.2% of mothers) did not reach statistical significance. The model showed good discriminative ability (AUC = 0.852, accuracy = 76.4%). Firth penalized logistic regression on composite scores confirmed knowledge as the only significant predictor (OR = 3.84 per 1-point increase, p < 0.001), while fear (OR = 2.82, p = 0.082) and access (OR = 0.80, p = 0.512) were not significant. CONCLUSION: Incomplete vaccination in Sunampe appears linked to parental knowledge gaps and concerns about vaccine side effects, despite most parents reporting no severe reactions. Fear of reactions did not predict behavior, suggesting that reported safety concerns may reflect social desirability bias rather than true barriers. These findings highlight the need, in clinical decision-making, for targeted education to improve vaccination adherence and reduce epidemiological vulnerability and health system fragility. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Castro-Fuentes and Mugruza-Vassallo. FAU - Castro-Fuentes, Margarita Norma AU - Castro-Fuentes MN AD - School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista (UPSJB), Chincha, Peru. FAU - Mugruza-Vassallo, Carlos Andres AU - Mugruza-Vassallo CA AD - Grupo de Investigacion en Computacion y Neurociencia Cognitiva, Universidad Tecnologica de Lima Sur (UNTELS), Lima, Peru. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260826 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Peru/epidemiology MH - Infant MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Parents/psychology MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MH - *Child Mortality MH - *Vaccination Coverage/statistics & numerical data MH - *Vaccination/statistics & numerical data PMC - PMC13553873 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - anemia OT - health literacy OT - machine learning OT - parental knowledge OT - respiratory mechanics OT - vaccine compliance OT - vaccine-preventable diseases COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/10 11:53 MHDA- 2026/09/10 11:54 PMCR- 2026/08/26 CRDT- 2026/09/10 06:48 PHST- 2026/01/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/10 11:54 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/10 11:53 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/10 06:48 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1779442 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2026 Aug 26;14:1779442. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1779442. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42717780 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260910 LR - 20260917 IS - 1365-2214 (Electronic) IS - 0305-1862 (Print) IS - 0305-1862 (Linking) VI - 52 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Intervention to Improve Running and Physical Activity Participation in Children With Generalised Joint Hypermobility: A Feasibility Study. PG - e70345 LID - 10.1111/cch.70345 [doi] LID - e70345 AB - BACKGROUND: Children with symptomatic paediatric generalised joint hypermobility (pgGJH) have limitations in physical activity and participation, yet there is a lack of research to guide intervention. In Australia, these children do not receive funding support. The objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility of a programme delivered in a private practice to improve running and associated goals of children with pgGJH from the perspectives of children, parents and staff. METHODS: Children with pgGJH undertook a weekly group running intervention and home exercise programme (HEP) for 10 weeks. Feasibility of delivery in a private paediatric therapy clinic was determined using physical and self-reported measures for acceptability, demand, implementation, practicality, integration and intervention efficacy. Semi-structured interviews with participants, therapists and managers explored multiple aspects of feasibility of the programme. RESULTS: Acceptability: satisfaction was rated between 6.5 and 9/10. Demand: 155 of 175 survey respondents were interested in the programme. Recruitment saw 24 participants invited, 10 excluded and 6 declined. Eight children aged 10-15 years (two female) participated and attended >/= 90% of sessions. The HEP was completed at least twice per week by 62% of participants. IMPLEMENTATION: the intervention was completed according to the protocol with one minor adverse event. Practicality: the intervention was well equipped but expensive to run with a therapist to participant ratio of 1:3. Integration: interventionists perceived the programme to fit well within the practice infrastructure and culture. EFFICACY: participants and parents reported improved running technique and increased confidence in physical activity. Leg stiffness improved and kinesiophobia was reduced. CONCLUSION: A running intervention for children with pgGJH was acceptable, in demand, practical to deliver and able to be integrated and implemented in a private clinic. Cost was the main challenge identified by families and management. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Child: Care, Health and Development published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Chappell, Annie AU - Chappell A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7092-8662 AD - School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia. AD - Western Kids Health, Shenton Park, Western Australia, Australia. AD - School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia. FAU - Jepson, Beverly AU - Jepson B AD - School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia. AD - Western Kids Health, Shenton Park, Western Australia, Australia. FAU - Kilgour, Gaela AU - Kilgour G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8867-7782 AD - Department of Physiotherapy, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. AD - Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Child Care Health Dev JT - Child: care, health and development JID - 7602632 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Female MH - Feasibility Studies MH - Male MH - *Joint Instability/rehabilitation/physiopathology/psychology MH - *Running/physiology MH - Adolescent MH - *Exercise Therapy/methods MH - Patient Satisfaction MH - Australia PMC - PMC13559497 OTO - NOTNLM OT - feasibility OT - hypermobility OT - intervention OT - motor skill OT - physical activity OT - running COIS- Annie Chappell and Beverly Jepson were employees of Western Kids Health at the time of the study. Neither Curtin University nor Western Kids Health had any role in the planning or analysis of the study. EDAT- 2026/09/10 11:53 MHDA- 2026/09/10 11:54 PMCR- 2026/09/10 CRDT- 2026/09/10 05:16 PHST- 2026/08/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/10 11:54 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/10 11:53 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/10 05:16 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - CCH70345 [pii] AID - 10.1111/cch.70345 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Child Care Health Dev. 2026 Sep;52(5):e70345. doi: 10.1111/cch.70345. PMID- 42717323 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260910 LR - 20260916 IS - 1471-2431 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2431 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Aug 14 TI - Psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Preschool Eating, Lifestyle, and Sleeping Attitudes (PRELSA) scale. LID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07532-9 [doi] LID - 847 AB - BACKGROUND: Childhood obesity in preschool years is strongly influenced by modifiable parental attitudes and behaviors. This study examined the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Preschool Eating, Lifestyle, and Sleeping Attitudes (PRELSA) Scale, which assesses parental attitudes related to childhood obesity during the preschool period. METHODS: This methodological study was conducted with 460 parents of children aged 2-6 years from seven preschools in Central Anatolia, Turkiye. Data were collected using a family and child information form and the PRELSA Scale. The adaptation process included forward-backward translation, expert review, face validity assessment, and psychometric evaluation. Data were analyzed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, Cronbach's alpha, test-retest reliability, and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). RESULTS: The Turkish version comprised 39 items across 13 subscales. The overall Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.887. Exploratory factor analysis explained 58.5% of the total variance, with factor loadings ranging from 0.353 to 0.890. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated acceptable model fit (chi(2)/df = 1.434, RMSEA = 0.031, SRMR = 0.046, CFI = 0.904, IFI = 0.907, GFI = 0.911, TLI = 0.888). Test-retest reliability was high (r = 0.911), and the ICC was 0.865 (95% CI: 0.738-0.933), indicating good temporal stability. CONCLUSION: The Turkish PRELSA Scale is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing parental attitudes toward eating behaviors, physical activity, screen use, and sleep routines in early childhood. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Bolacali, Edanur Tar AU - Bolacali ET AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8821-8554 AD - Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Children Health and Disease Nursing, Kirsehir Ahi Evran University, Kirsehir, Turkiye. edanur.tar@ahievran.edu.tr. FAU - Bolacali, Memis AU - Bolacali M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4196-2359 AD - Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Kirsehir Ahi Evran University, Kirsehir, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260814 PL - England TA - BMC Pediatr JT - BMC pediatrics JID - 100967804 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child, Preschool MH - Turkey MH - Male MH - Psychometrics MH - Female MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Child MH - *Parents/psychology MH - *Life Style MH - *Sleep MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Pediatric Obesity/psychology/prevention & control MH - Factor Analysis, Statistical MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - *Attitude to Health PMC - PMC13560222 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Childhood obesity OT - Parents OT - Preschool child OT - Psychometrics OT - Validation study COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Written permission for the Turkish adaptation and use of the PRELSA Scale was obtained via email from corresponding author Carretero-Bravo on September 12, 2024. Before starting the study, ethical committee approval was obtained from the Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Committee of Kirsehir Ahi Evran University Faculty of Social and Human Sciences on February 26, 2025, with the number 2025/04/18. In addition, institutional permission for data collection was obtained from the Kirsehir Provincial Directorate of National Education on February 26, 2025, with the number MEB.TT.2025.019400. Prior to data collection, eligible parents were provided with detailed information about the study, and written informed consent was obtained from those who agreed to participate. They were also advised that participation was voluntary and that they could withdraw from the study at any time without consequence. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/09/10 05:36 MHDA- 2026/09/10 05:37 PMCR- 2026/08/14 CRDT- 2026/09/10 04:40 PHST- 2026/03/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/10 05:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/10 05:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/10 04:40 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07532-9 [pii] AID - 7532 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07532-9 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pediatr. 2026 Aug 14;26(1):847. doi: 10.1186/s12887-026-07532-9. PMID- 42716646 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260909 LR - 20260921 IS - 1097-6752 (Electronic) IS - 0889-5406 (Linking) VI - 170 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Artificial intelligence-assisted analysis of tongue morphology and sagittal skeletal patterns: A multicenter study. PG - 415-424.e1 LID - S0889-5406(26)00189-7 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ajodo.2026.03.011 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: This study investigated the association between tongue morphology and sagittal skeletal patterns and assessed a deep learning model for automated tongue landmark detection and segmentation on lateral cephalometric radiographs (LCRs). METHODS: Pretreatment LCRs from 503 orthodontic patients (aged 6-40 years) were analyzed, categorized by dentition stage (mixed: 6-11; permanent: 12-40), and sagittal skeletal patterns. Tongue measurements were compared across subgroups. A multicenter dataset of 1179 LCRs trained a deep learning framework integrating U-Net for segmentation and RTMPose (real-time model for pose estimation) for landmark detection: tongue tip, dorsum of tongue, and base of the epiglottis. Model performance was assessed using mean radial error, success detection rate, mean intersection over union, and recall. External validation was performed on an independent hold-out dataset from 2 hospitals. RESULTS: In the permanent dentition group, subjects with Class Ⅲ malocclusion showed larger tongue areas than Class Ⅱ but not Class I; no significant differences in tongue area were observed in the mixed dentition group. The model achieved a mean radial error of 1.72 +/- 1.78 mm, success detection rates of 75.65% (/= 32 weeks). Missing data were addressed with multiple imputation. RESULTS: In the overall population, higher fish intake before pregnancy was associated with reduced risks of Eo-HDP in the Q5 groups, whereas higher fish intake during pregnancy was associated with reduced risks of overall HDP in Q4. In analyses restricted to nulliparous women, higher pre-pregnancy fish intake was associated with a lower risk of Eo-HDP (Q4: aOR 0.57; 95% CI 0.34-0.97; p for trend = 0.02), and higher fish intake during pregnancy was associated with a lower risk of Lo-HDP (Q4: aOR 0.79; 95% CI 0.64-0.96). Total n-3 PUFA intake showed significant associations with HDP only in some analyses. Sensitivity analyses using a 34-week cutoff yielded consistent results. CONCLUSION: Fish intake before pregnancy was associated with lower risk of Eo-HDP, whereas intake during pregnancy was linked to reduced risk of Lo-HDP. Sustained fish consumption from preconception through pregnancy may help prevent HDP and inform global nutritional guidance, including preconception care. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The Japan Environment and Children's Study, https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000035091 (Registration no. UMIN000030786). CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Inouye, Takuya AU - Inouye T AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-9827-6887 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan. AD - Toyama Regional Center for JECS, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan. FAU - Higeta, Daisuke AU - Higeta D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6981-9722 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan. FAU - Hamazaki, Kei AU - Hamazaki K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0456-6805 AD - Department of Public Health Faculty of Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa 3 Maebashi, Gunma, Japan. kei.hamazaki@gunma-u.ac.jp. AD - Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan. kei.hamazaki@gunma-u.ac.jp. AD - Toyama Regional Center for JECS, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan. kei.hamazaki@gunma-u.ac.jp. FAU - Iwase, Akira AU - Iwase A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0031-884X AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan. FAU - Tsuchida, Akiko AU - Tsuchida A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1209-3104 AD - Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan. AD - Toyama Regional Center for JECS, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan. FAU - Inadera, Hidekuni AU - Inadera H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3548-221X AD - Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan. AD - Toyama Regional Center for JECS, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan. FAU - Yoshioka, Eiji AU - Yoshioka E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3316-1057 AD - Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan. AD - Toyama Regional Center for JECS, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan. CN - Japan Environment and Children's Study Group LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260908 PL - Germany TA - Eur J Nutr JT - European journal of nutrition JID - 100888704 RN - 0 (Fatty Acids, Omega-3) RN - 0 (Fatty Acids, Omega-6) SB - IM MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Pregnancy MH - Japan/epidemiology MH - Animals MH - *Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced/epidemiology/prevention & control MH - Adult MH - *Seafood MH - *Fishes MH - *Fatty Acids, Omega-3/administration & dosage MH - *Diet/methods MH - Birth Cohort MH - *Fatty Acids, Omega-6/administration & dosage MH - *Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena MH - Risk Factors MH - Odds Ratio MH - Cohort Studies MH - Logistic Models MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Gestational Age PMC - PMC13553602 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Birth cohort OT - Fish OT - Hypertensive disorder of pregnancy OT - Polyunsaturated fatty acids OT - Preconception care COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: KH has received lecture honoraria from Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Suntory Wellness Ltd., JCR Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Pfizer Japan Inc., and Kensho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., for presentations related to n-3 PUFAs. All other authors report no conflicts of interest. Declaration of Generative AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process: During the preparation of this manuscript, the authors did not use any generative artificial intelligence or AI-assisted technologies for writing, editing, or content generation. The authors take full responsibility for the integrity and originality of the content.ss EDAT- 2026/09/08 17:36 MHDA- 2026/09/08 17:37 PMCR- 2026/09/08 CRDT- 2026/09/08 11:19 PHST- 2026/05/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/08 17:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/08 17:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/08 11:19 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s00394-026-04103-7 [pii] AID - 4103 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00394-026-04103-7 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Eur J Nutr. 2026 Sep 8;65(7):249. doi: 10.1007/s00394-026-04103-7. PMID- 42707981 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260908 LR - 20260909 IS - 2296-861X (Print) IS - 2296-861X (Electronic) IS - 2296-861X (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2026 TI - Enhancing healthy eating and active environments in early learning settings: findings from the eHealth study. PG - 1873291 LID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1873291 [doi] LID - 1873291 AB - INTRODUCTION: Early childhood educators are important influencers of children's eating and activity behaviors, making them key targets for interventions aimed at improving nutrition and physical activity practices and fostering healthier childcare environments. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of the eHealth professional development program in improving early childhood education and care (ECEC) nutrition and physical activity environments, educators' nutrition knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors, and educators' perceptions of program acceptability. METHOD: This study was conducted in licensed ECEC centers in one Canadian province. The study used a two-armed quasi-experimental pre-test/post-test design with intervention and control groups and repeated measures to evaluate a 10-month eHealth program informed by Social Cognitive Theory and the Interconnected Model of Professional Growth Theory. The program aimed to enhance educators' capacity to implement evidence-based nutrition and physical activity practices. Delivered in annual cohorts from 2019 to 2021, it comprised two phases: (1) a 12-week series of online educational modules with accompanying virtual Communities of Practice meetings, and (2) a five-month follow-up period involving monthly implementation-coaching virtual Communities of Practice meetings. Validated questionnaires assessed center-level and educator-level outcomes at baseline, five (midpoint), and 10 months (end-of-program). Semi-structured interviews explored perceptions of program acceptability. RESULTS: Compared with controls, significant improvements in center-level nutrition and physical activity environments (mean change 0.362, p = 0.002, Cohen's d = 0.72), and educator nutrition knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors (mean change 5.467, p = 0.023, Cohen's d = 0.69) were observed at midpoint and maintained at the end-of-program. Qualitative findings indicated high acceptability, with educators describing the program as relevant, feasible, and supportive of integrating practices into daily routines. CONCLUSION: The eHealth professional development program was acceptable and associated with improvements in educators' knowledge and adherence to nutrition and physical activity practice guidelines, with sustained effect over time. Scalable, digitally delivered professional development may offer a promising strategy to support healthier ECEC environments. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Lafave, Hayek, McConnell and Winkens. FAU - Lafave, Lynne M Z AU - Lafave LMZ AD - CHEERS Lab, Department Health and Physical Education, Mount Royal University, Calgary, AB, Canada. FAU - Hayek, Joyce AU - Hayek J AD - CHEERS Lab, Department Health and Physical Education, Mount Royal University, Calgary, AB, Canada. FAU - McConnell, Ceilidh AU - McConnell C AD - CHEERS Lab, Department Health and Physical Education, Mount Royal University, Calgary, AB, Canada. FAU - Winkens, Bjorn AU - Winkens B AD - Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Department of Methodology and Statistics, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260824 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Nutr JT - Frontiers in nutrition JID - 101642264 PMC - PMC13548801 OTO - NOTNLM OT - eHealth intervention OT - early childhood education and care OT - interconnected model of professional growth OT - linear mixed models OT - nutrition OT - physical activity OT - professional development OT - social cognitive theory COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/08 12:33 MHDA- 2026/09/08 12:34 PMCR- 2026/08/24 CRDT- 2026/09/08 06:41 PHST- 2026/05/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/08 12:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/08 12:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/08 06:41 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1873291 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Nutr. 2026 Aug 24;13:1873291. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1873291. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42707971 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260908 LR - 20260909 IS - 2296-861X (Print) IS - 2296-861X (Electronic) IS - 2296-861X (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2026 TI - Artificial intelligence in child nutrition and eating behavior: from prediction to gastronomic mediation. PG - 1952364 LID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1952364 [doi] LID - 1952364 AB - Artificial intelligence (AI) is entering child nutrition through dietary assessment, malnutrition forecasting, clinical decision support, meal recommendation, conversational interventions, and food-environment monitoring. The consequences of these applications converge in everyday eating. This Mini Review synthesizes evidence on how AI measures nutritional states and mediates food choice, communication, sensory acceptance, family practice, and digital exposure. The evidence supports two connected functions. As nutritional intelligence, AI converts clinical, dietary, and environmental data into assessments or predictions. As gastronomic mediation, it participates in decisions about what foods are noticed, recommended, prepared, discussed, and accepted. Direct pediatric validation is strongest for bounded assessment and forecasting tasks. Child meal-planning studies and generative-AI evaluations based on standardized adolescent profiles reveal a gap between nutrient optimization, culinary coherence, and nutritional safety. A large adolescent chatbot trial combined scalable delivery with null intention-to-treat effects on diet quality and BMI trajectory. Co-design and behavioral studies further identify familiarity, texture, participation, and caregiver involvement as central design variables. We propose five iterative translational gates: technical validity, nutritional validity, behavioral acceptability, contextual legitimacy, and real-world effectiveness and implementation. Future research should combine age-specific nutritional constraints with sensory and cultural knowledge, evaluate performance across food cultures, preserve professional and caregiver oversight, and test outcomes in homes, schools, clinics, and digital food environments. AI can advance child-focused gastronomy by translating computational outputs into safe, culturally meaningful, and developmentally appropriate eating practices. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Xing and Wu. FAU - Xing, Lu AU - Xing L AD - School of Preschool Education, Changsha Normal University, Changsha, China. AD - School of Education, Faculty of Social Sciences and Leisure Management, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia. FAU - Wu, Xueqi AU - Wu X AD - Taylor's Culinary Institute, Faculty of Social Sciences and Leisure Management, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260824 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Nutr JT - Frontiers in nutrition JID - 101642264 PMC - PMC13548810 OTO - NOTNLM OT - artificial intelligence OT - child nutrition OT - child-centered design OT - digital food environment OT - eating behavior OT - food culture OT - gastronomy OT - personalized nutrition COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/08 12:33 MHDA- 2026/09/08 12:34 PMCR- 2026/08/24 CRDT- 2026/09/08 06:38 PHST- 2026/07/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/08 12:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/08 12:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/08 06:38 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1952364 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Nutr. 2026 Aug 24;13:1952364. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1952364. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42707362 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260908 LR - 20260909 IS - 2296-861X (Print) IS - 2296-861X (Electronic) IS - 2296-861X (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2026 TI - Nutrition education and behavioral interventions in youth team-sport and related development settings: a systematic review of nutrition knowledge, dietary behaviors, hydration, body composition, and performance. PG - 1939289 LID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1939289 [doi] LID - 1939289 AB - INTRODUCTION: Nutrition knowledge and the ability to translate it into appropriate food and hydration choices are important for health, development, recovery, and performance in young athletes. However, evidence on nutrition interventions in youth team-sport settings remains dispersed across sports, educational formats, and outcome domains. This systematic review aimed to synthesize evidence on nutrition education, hydration education, dietary counseling, digital tools, controlled dietary modification, and multicomponent interventions in child, adolescent, and late-adolescent development settings. METHODS: The review followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines and was registered in PROSPERO (CRD420261441507). PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, SPORTDiscus/EBSCO, and Cochrane CENTRAL were searched from inception to 3 July 2026. Two reviewers independently screened reports, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias using RoB 2 or ROBINS-I. Because of substantial heterogeneity in interventions and outcomes, findings were synthesized narratively. RESULTS: Database searches identified 419 records. After duplicate removal and screening, 46 full-text reports were assessed, 19 were excluded, and 27 unique studies were included. Soccer/football predominated, with additional evidence from volleyball, basketball, handball, baseball, hockey, American football, and mixed-sport settings. Nutrition and sports nutrition knowledge showed the most consistent favorable changes. Findings for dietary intake, diet quality, body composition, biochemical markers, and performance were mixed. Hydration interventions showed clearer short-term improvements when education was combined with practical cues, improved fluid access, feedback, or individualized prescriptions. DISCUSSION: Nutrition interventions in youth team-sport and related development settings may support knowledge acquisition and selected hydration behaviors, but their effects on dietary behavior and physiological outcomes remain uncertain. Confidence in the evidence is limited by small samples, short follow-up periods, heterogeneous measures, reliance on self-report, incomplete fidelity reporting, and risk-of-bias concerns. Future trials should use validated age-appropriate measures, objective outcomes, longer follow-up, prespecified analyses, and implementation strategies involving athletes, families, coaches, schools, and clubs. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420261441507, CRD420261441507. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Victoria-Montesinos, Garcia-Munoz, Mercader-Ros, Jaraba-Salinero and Figueroa-Morales. FAU - Victoria-Montesinos, Desiree AU - Victoria-Montesinos D AD - Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, UCAM Universidad Catolica de Murcia, Murcia, Spain. FAU - Garcia-Munoz, Ana Maria AU - Garcia-Munoz AM AD - Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, UCAM Universidad Catolica de Murcia, Murcia, Spain. FAU - Mercader-Ros, Maria Teresa AU - Mercader-Ros MT AD - Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, UCAM Universidad Catolica de Murcia, Murcia, Spain. FAU - Jaraba-Salinero, Yasmina AU - Jaraba-Salinero Y AD - Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, UCAM Universidad Catolica de Murcia, Murcia, Spain. FAU - Figueroa-Morales, Fernando AU - Figueroa-Morales F AD - Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, UCAM Universidad Catolica de Murcia, Murcia, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20260824 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Nutr JT - Frontiers in nutrition JID - 101642264 PMC - PMC13547255 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - body composition OT - children OT - dietary behavior OT - nutrition education OT - nutrition knowledge OT - sport performance OT - sports nutrition COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author DV-M declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision. EDAT- 2026/09/08 12:33 MHDA- 2026/09/08 12:34 PMCR- 2026/08/24 CRDT- 2026/09/08 05:37 PHST- 2026/07/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/08 12:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/08 12:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/08 05:37 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1939289 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Nutr. 2026 Aug 24;13:1939289. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1939289. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42706523 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260908 LR - 20260910 IS - 1471-2466 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2466 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Sep 7 TI - Moving beyond treatment: pulmonary function, autonomous motivation, and physical activity enjoyment in adults with cystic fibrosis. LID - 10.1186/s12890-026-04661-w [doi] LID - 400 AB - BACKGROUND: Physical activity (PA) and structured exercise are established cornerstones of cystic fibrosis (CF) management. While CFTR modulators have transformed treatment, the psychological factors affecting sustained PA adherence, particularly motivational regulation and PA enjoyment, require further investigation. This study aimed to determine whether percent predicted forced expiratory volume in one second (ppFEV(1)) is independently associated with autonomous motivation and PA enjoyment in adults with CF, after adjusting for CFTR modulator therapy status and sex. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a specialised CF centre (N = 200). Participants completed validated questionnaires assessing motivational regulation (Behavioural Regulation Questionnaire-2, BREQ-2) and PA enjoyment (Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale, PACES). Clinical data, including the ppFEV(1), were obtained from medical records. Multivariate general linear models (GLM), partial correlations, and hierarchical regression analyses were utilised. RESULTS: Cross-sectional analyses showed that ppFEV(1) was independently associated with intrinsic motivation (beta = .233, p < .001), the relative autonomy index (RAI) (beta = .203, p = .004) and the PACES total score (beta = .201, p = .004). After CFTR modulator therapy status and sex were accounted for, the additional variance explained by the ppFEV(1) was statistically significant but modest (DeltaR(2) = .054, .041, and .040, respectively). Neither the CFTR modulator therapy status nor sex was significantly associated with the assessed motivational or enjoyment outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Although ppFEV(1) showed small, independent associations with autonomous motivational regulation and PA enjoyment in adults with CF, lung function should not be used as a proxy for motivational support needs. To provide person-centred, SDT-informed support that encourages sustained participation in PA, the motivational regulation and enjoyment of PA should be assessed directly in adults with CF. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Gruber, Wolfgang AU - Gruber W AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2186-9269 AD - Paediatric Pulmonology and Sleep Medicine, Cystic Fibrosis Centre, Children S Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147, Essen, Germany. wolfgang.gruber@uk-essen.de. AD - Fachklinik Satteldune der DRV Nord, Nebel/Amrum, Germany. wolfgang.gruber@uk-essen.de. FAU - Welsner, Matthias AU - Welsner M AD - Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Adult Cystic Fibrosis Center, University Hospital Essen - Ruhrlandklinik, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany. FAU - Stehling, Florian AU - Stehling F AD - Paediatric Pulmonology and Sleep Medicine, Cystic Fibrosis Centre, Children S Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147, Essen, Germany. FAU - Schermaul, Jin-Sun AU - Schermaul JS AD - Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Adult Cystic Fibrosis Center, University Hospital Essen - Ruhrlandklinik, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany. FAU - Ortiz, Jose G AU - Ortiz JG AD - Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Adult Cystic Fibrosis Center, University Hospital Essen - Ruhrlandklinik, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany. FAU - Lechtenberg, Liron AU - Lechtenberg L AD - Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Adult Cystic Fibrosis Center, University Hospital Essen - Ruhrlandklinik, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany. FAU - Taube, Christian AU - Taube C AD - Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Adult Cystic Fibrosis Center, University Hospital Essen - Ruhrlandklinik, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany. FAU - Olivier, Margarete AU - Olivier M AD - Paediatric Pulmonology and Sleep Medicine, Cystic Fibrosis Centre, Children S Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147, Essen, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260907 PL - England TA - BMC Pulm Med JT - BMC pulmonary medicine JID - 100968563 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Motivation MH - Male MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Cystic Fibrosis/psychology/physiopathology/therapy MH - Adult MH - Forced Expiratory Volume MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - Young Adult MH - Linear Models MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13548599 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Autonomous motivation OT - CFTR modulator therapy OT - Cystic fibrosis OT - Physical activity enjoyment OT - Pulmonary function OT - Self-determination theory OT - Sex COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the University of Duisburg-Essen (24-11951-BO). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/09/08 05:36 MHDA- 2026/09/08 05:37 PMCR- 2026/09/07 CRDT- 2026/09/08 00:06 PHST- 2026/04/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/08 05:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/08 05:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/08 00:06 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12890-026-04661-w [pii] AID - 4661 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12890-026-04661-w [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pulm Med. 2026 Sep 7;26(1):400. doi: 10.1186/s12890-026-04661-w. PMID- 42704402 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260907 LR - 20260910 IS - 2196-1042 (Electronic) IS - 1723-7785 (Print) IS - 1723-7785 (Linking) VI - 27 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Sep 7 TI - Morphological variations and differences of the mandible and midfacial skeleton across different sagittal skeletal patterns and sexes: a three-dimensional geometric morphometric analysis. LID - 10.1186/s40510-026-00645-y [doi] LID - 39 AB - BACKGROUND: Maxillofacial morphological analysis is essential for orthodontic diagnosis, treatment planning, and outcome evaluation. However, previous two-dimensional or landmark-based studies can hardly comprehensively analyze three-dimensional morphology. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze morphological variations and differences of the mandible and midfacial skeleton across different sagittal skeletal patterns and sexes using three-dimensional geometric morphometrics, while also providing novel perspectives and methodologies for morphological analysis in orthodontics. METHODS: The midfacial skeleton and mandible were analyzed separately. Three-dimensional dense templates were first constructed and template registration was validated. Through template registration, all segmented skeleton images (n = 186) obtained a homologous configuration with tens of thousands of quasi-landmarks. After generalized Procrustes analysis, principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted to examine shape variations. The average skeletal shapes were calculated and compared according to sagittal skeletal pattern and sex. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) was used to evaluate the independent effects of ANB angle and sex on skeletal shape. RESULTS: PCA revealed the principal patterns of shape variations. The first principal component (PC1) of the mandible primarily showed variation in sagittal length and inter-ramal width (explaining 31.80% of the total variance), whereas PC1 of the midfacial skeleton mainly showed variation in vertical height and inter-zygomatic width (24.07%). Morphological differences were demonstrated through comparisons of average skeletal shapes grouped by sagittal skeletal pattern or sex. PLSR indicated significant effects of ANB angle and sex on the three-dimensional morphology of both the mandible and midfacial skeleton (all P < 0.001). Specifically, with increasing ANB angle (skeletal Class II tendency), the length of the condyle (condylar head and neck) decreased, the antegonial notch became more prominent, and the maxillary alveolar bone plane rotated downward and backward (clockwise). Compared with females, males exhibited a more prominent mandibular angle, increased inter-zygomatic width, and more protrusive nasal bridge and anterior nasal spine. CONCLUSIONS: Three-dimensional dense geometric morphometrics enables a more comprehensive analysis of facial skeletal morphology. Three-dimensional morphological variations and differences of the mandible and midfacial skeleton across different sagittal skeletal patterns and sexes were characterized. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Zhao, Guangpu AU - Zhao G AD - Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China. FAU - Su, Xinyu AU - Su X AD - Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China. FAU - He, Danqing AU - He D AD - Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China. hedanqing@bjmu.edu.cn. FAU - Gu, Yan AU - Gu Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0108-4325 AD - Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China. guyan96@126.com. LA - eng GR - L242130/Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality/ GR - 7232217/Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality/ GR - 82170996/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - PKUSSNCT-25A04/Program for New Clinical Techniques and Therapies of Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260907 PL - Germany TA - Prog Orthod JT - Progress in orthodontics JID - 100936353 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Mandible/anatomy & histology/diagnostic imaging MH - Male MH - *Imaging, Three-Dimensional/methods MH - Principal Component Analysis MH - *Facial Bones/anatomy & histology/diagnostic imaging MH - Cephalometry/methods MH - Sex Factors MH - Anatomic Landmarks MH - Sex Characteristics MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13550393 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Geometric morphometrics OT - Mandible OT - Midfacial skeleton OT - Morphology OT - Sagittal skeletal pattern OT - Sex characteristics OT - Three-dimensional COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Biomedical Ethics Committee of Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology (PKUSSIRB-202497034). Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/09/07 17:36 MHDA- 2026/09/07 17:37 PMCR- 2026/09/07 CRDT- 2026/09/07 11:05 PHST- 2025/12/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/07 17:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/07 17:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/07 11:05 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s40510-026-00645-y [pii] AID - 645 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s40510-026-00645-y [doi] PST - epublish SO - Prog Orthod. 2026 Sep 7;27(1):39. doi: 10.1186/s40510-026-00645-y. PMID- 42703382 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260907 LR - 20260908 IS - 1177-8881 (Electronic) IS - 1177-8881 (Linking) VI - 20 DP - 2026 TI - A Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Model to Predict Posaconazole Suspension Exposure and Optimize Dosing Strategy in Pediatric Hematology Patients: Incorporating the Impact of Food Intake. PG - 632843 LID - 10.2147/DDDT.S632843 [doi] LID - 632843 AB - OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to develop and validate a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for posaconazole oral suspension in pediatric hematology patients to predict systemic exposure and optimize dose regimens that incorporate food intake. METHODS: A PBPK model was established and validated in adults. The model was then extrapolated to pediatric patients by integrating age-specific physiological parameters. The pediatric model was validated using published data and local therapeutic drug monitoring results. The validated model was employed to simulate posaconazole exposure across different age groups, dosing regimens, and meal conditions. RESULTS: The adult PBPK model showed good predictability, with fold errors within 0.5-2.0 and a geometric mean fold error < 2.0. Sensitivity analysis identified the bile salt solubilization ratio, gastric pH, and hepatic UGT1A4 as critical determinants. The pediatric model accurately predicted plasma concentrations, with a mean absolute prediction error of 12.3%. Simulations revealed that achieving prophylactic trough concentration (C(min)) is challenging under fasted conditions, while fed administration significantly increases C(min)s. C(min)s increased with age and meal fat/calorie content, but no significant further increase was observed across all age groups beyond 6 mg/kg dose levels under fed conditions, with this plateau pattern consistent for both three- and four-times daily regimens. The oral suspension was unreliable in children aged < 2 years. In contrast, a high-fat, high-calorie meal was necessary for children aged 2-6 years, and a moderate-fat, moderate-calorie meal for those aged 7-12 years, whereas a low-fat, low-calorie meal was sufficient for those aged >/= 13 years. CONCLUSION: This study successfully developed and validated a PBPK model for posaconazole suspension in pediatric hematology patients, which could serve as a supportive in silico tool for model-informed dose optimization in this population. Further prospective clinical validation is still required to support its real-world dosing decision application. CI - (c) 2026 Wu et al. FAU - Wu, Juan AU - Wu J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0792-5300 AD - Department of Pharmacy Administration, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. FAU - Qin, Xia AU - Qin X AD - Blood and Marrow Transplantation Center, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. FAU - Huang, Xiaohang AU - Huang X AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-3530-3835 AD - Blood and Marrow Transplantation Center, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. FAU - Wang, Dengyu AU - Wang D AD - Department of Pharmacy Administration, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. FAU - Jin, Cheng AU - Jin C AD - Department of Pharmacy Administration, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. FAU - Huang, Shiying AU - Huang S AD - Department of Pharmacy Administration, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. FAU - Li, Zhuo AU - Li Z AD - Department of Pharmacy Administration, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. FAU - Liu, Manman AU - Liu M AD - Department of Pharmacy Administration, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260902 PL - New Zealand TA - Drug Des Devel Ther JT - Drug design, development and therapy JID - 101475745 RN - 0 (Triazoles) RN - 6TK1G07BHZ (posaconazole) RN - 0 (Suspensions) RN - 0 (Antifungal Agents) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Triazoles/pharmacokinetics/administration & dosage/blood MH - Child MH - *Models, Biological MH - Suspensions MH - Child, Preschool MH - Administration, Oral MH - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug MH - *Antifungal Agents/pharmacokinetics/administration & dosage MH - Adolescent MH - *Eating MH - Infant MH - Male MH - Female PMC - PMC13546638 OTO - NOTNLM OT - dose optimization OT - food intake OT - pediatrics OT - physiologically based pharmacokinetic model OT - posaconazole oral suspension COIS- The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare regarding the content of this article. EDAT- 2026/09/07 05:35 MHDA- 2026/09/07 05:36 PMCR- 2026/09/02 CRDT- 2026/09/07 04:02 PHST- 2026/06/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/07 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/07 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/07 04:02 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 632843 [pii] AID - 10.2147/DDDT.S632843 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Drug Des Devel Ther. 2026 Sep 2;20:632843. doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S632843. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42701327 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260906 IS - 2047-945X (Electronic) IS - 0260-1060 (Linking) DP - 2026 Sep 6 TI - Bringing the child's and parents' voices together: French validation of the SMU and STU quality of life questionnaires in pediatric obesity. PG - 2601060261484279 LID - 10.1177/02601060261484279 [doi] AB - BackgroundChildhood obesity is associated with significant impairments in health-related quality of life (HRQoL), yet culturally adapted, weight-specific tools are lacking in French-speaking settings.AimThis study aimed to validate French versions of the Sizing Me Up (SMU) and Sizing Them Up (STU) questionnaires to assess obesity-related quality of life in children and adolescents from self- and parent-report perspectives.MethodsShortened French versions of the SMU and STU were developed, retaining three subscales common to both instruments (Emotional, Physical, and Teasing/Marginalization) based on theoretical and psychometric criteria. A clinical sample included 120 children and adolescents with obesity (aged 5-18 years) and their parents. Psychometric analyses included internal consistency, confirmatory factor analysis, convergent validity with the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL), sensitivity to body mass index (BMI) z-scores, measurement invariance across age and sex, and parent-child agreement.ResultsBoth instruments demonstrated good internal consistency and a stable three-factor structure. Associations were observed between the BMI z-score and the Physical domain, with modest effect sizes comparable to those of the generic PedsQL. Convergent validity was supported by correlations with corresponding PedsQL subscales. Measurement invariance held across age groups and for the SMU across sex, but the STU across sex did not achieve configural invariance. Procrustean analysis indicated moderate structural similarities between child and parent profiles, with moderate to good individual-level agreement, higher for physical than emotional domains.SummaryThe shortened French SMU and STU are reliable and valid tools for assessing HRQoL in pediatric obesity, supporting their use in clinical and research settings. FAU - Brodard, Fabrice AU - Brodard F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3000-0891 AD - Family and Development Research Center, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. RINGGOLD: 27213 AD - Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. RINGGOLD: 27213 FAU - Antonietti, Jean-Philippe AU - Antonietti JP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0117-4769 AD - Family and Development Research Center, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. RINGGOLD: 27213 FAU - Amouroux, Remy AU - Amouroux R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3402-0942 AD - Family and Development Research Center, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. RINGGOLD: 27213 FAU - Bouthors, Therese AU - Bouthors T AD - Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Service of Pediatrics, Woman-Mother-Child Department, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland. RINGGOLD: 527885 FAU - Hauschild, Michael AU - Hauschild M AD - Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Service of Pediatrics, Woman-Mother-Child Department, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland. RINGGOLD: 527885 FAU - Ruiz Arana, Inge Lore AU - Ruiz Arana IL AD - Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Service of Pediatrics, Woman-Mother-Child Department, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland. RINGGOLD: 527885 FAU - Antoniou, Maria-Christina AU - Antoniou MC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8089-7908 AD - Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Service of Pediatrics, Woman-Mother-Child Department, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland. RINGGOLD: 527885 LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260906 PL - England TA - Nutr Health JT - Nutrition and health JID - 8306569 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - French translation OT - Pediatric obesity OT - SMU OT - STU OT - quality of life OT - questionnaire validation EDAT- 2026/09/06 05:40 MHDA- 2026/09/06 05:40 CRDT- 2026/09/06 03:23 PHST- 2026/09/06 05:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/06 05:40 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/06 03:23 [entrez] AID - 10.1177/02601060261484279 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Nutr Health. 2026 Sep 6:2601060261484279. doi: 10.1177/02601060261484279. PMID- 42700485 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261008 LR - 20261008 IS - 1872-7123 (Electronic) IS - 0165-1781 (Linking) VI - 366 DP - 2026 Dec TI - Agreement between smartphone-based mobile sensing and actigraphy sleep metrics in young people with bipolar disorder. PG - 117434 LID - S0165-1781(26)00494-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117434 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Sleep disturbance is a core feature of bipolar disorder (BD) and often precedes mood recurrence, particularly in youth. Smartphone-based mobile sensing offers a scalable alternative to objective sleep measurement via actigraphy, but its validity in youths with BD is unclear. METHODS: Analyses included adolescents and young adults (ages 14-25) with BD-I/II from the PROMPT-BD study with at least four days of concurrent actigraphy and mobile sensing. Actigraphy-derived sleep metrics were compared with smartphone-derived proxies. Agreement was evaluated using root mean squared error (RMSE) and mixed-effects models. Zero-inflated negative binomial models examined associations between actigraphy-derived and mobile-sensing derived wake after sleep onset (WASO). Sensitivity analyses tested robustness to missing data, smartphone use patterns, sleep window definitions, operating system, presence of mood symptoms and anxiety, and weekend effects. RESULTS: Mobile sensing showed strong convergence with actigraphy for sleep timing and duration. RMSEs were <21 minutes for onset, offset, midsleep, and TST, with strongest agreement for midsleep (RMSE = 14.8 minutes). Mobile sensing slightly overestimated sleep duration and estimated earlier timing, and underestimated WASO. Greater WASO significantly increased the odds of detecting any via mobile sensing; mobile sensing proxies were sensitive to the presence of nocturnal wakefulness but did not provide an accurate estimate of the extent of sleep fragmentation. Findings were robust across sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS: Passive smartphone-derived sleep metrics approximated actigraphy-based estimates of sleep timing and duration in youth with BD. Given the widespread availability of smartphones in this population, this supports their potential as scalable tools for monitoring circadian disruption and informing early intervention. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Lopaczynski, Adrianna AU - Lopaczynski A AD - University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, USA. Electronic address: lopaczynskia2@upmc.edu. FAU - Merranko, John AU - Merranko J AD - University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, USA. FAU - Mak, Jessica AU - Mak J AD - University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, USA. FAU - Gill, Mary Kay AU - Gill MK AD - University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, USA. FAU - Goldstein, Tina R AU - Goldstein TR AD - University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, USA; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Pittsburgh, USA. FAU - Fedor, Jennifer AU - Fedor J AD - University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA. FAU - Low, Carissa AU - Low C AD - University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA. FAU - Levenson, Jessica C AU - Levenson JC AD - University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, USA; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Pittsburgh, USA. FAU - Birmaher, Boris AU - Birmaher B AD - University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, USA; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Pittsburgh, USA. FAU - Hafeman, Danella M AU - Hafeman DM AD - University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, USA; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Pittsburgh, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260901 PL - Ireland TA - Psychiatry Res JT - Psychiatry research JID - 7911385 SB - IM UOF - medRxiv. 2026 Mar 02:2026.02.20.26346722. doi: 10.64898/2026.02.20.26346722. PMID: 41867203 MH - Humans MH - *Actigraphy/standards/methods MH - *Smartphone MH - *Bipolar Disorder/complications/physiopathology MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - *Sleep Wake Disorders/diagnosis/etiology/physiopathology MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - Adult MH - Sleep Duration MH - Sleep/physiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Actigraphy OT - Adolescence OT - Bipolar disorder OT - Digital phenotyping OT - Mobile sensing OT - Mood recurrence OT - Sleep COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest related to this study. EDAT- 2026/09/06 01:18 MHDA- 2026/10/08 23:31 CRDT- 2026/09/05 18:00 PHST- 2026/03/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/08 23:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/06 01:18 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/05 18:00 [entrez] AID - S0165-1781(26)00494-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117434 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Psychiatry Res. 2026 Dec;366:117434. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117434. Epub 2026 Sep 1. PMID- 42699031 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260905 LR - 20260907 IS - 2645-4904 (Electronic) IS - 2645-4904 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 1 DP - 2026 TI - Shock-Stratified Prognostic Performance of Lactate and Procalcitonin in Pediatric Sepsis In-Hospital Mortality; A Retrospective Cohort Study. PG - e34 LID - 10.22037/aaem.v14i1.3029 [doi] LID - e34 AB - INTRODUCTION: Admission lactate and procalcitonin (PCT) are routinely measured in pediatric sepsis; however, their prognostic performance may vary by clinical phenotype. This study aimed to evaluate the shock-stratified prognostic performance of admission lactate and PCT for predicting in-hospital mortality in children with sepsis. METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study (July 2022 - July 2025), children aged 2 months to 15 years evaluated for suspected sepsis were screened; 193 met eligibility criteria and were included in analyses. Septic shock was recorded at admission, and organ dysfunction was recorded at admission or within the first 24 hours. The Phoenix Sepsis Score was calculated in 143 patients with complete lactate and other required data, whereas the Pediatric Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (pSOFA) score was calculated for all 193 patients using data recorded within the first 24 hours. Admission lactate and PCT were summarized by survival status within shock and non-shock phenotypes. Multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for age and malnutrition assessed biomarker-mortality associations and biomarker x shock interactions. Discrimination was evaluated using shock-stratified receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and area under the curve (AUC), with DeLong tests comparing AUCs between phenotypes. RESULTS: Among 193 children, 93 (48.2%) had septic shock, 145 (75.1%) had organ dysfunction, and 79 (40.9%) died in hospital. The median Phoenix Sepsis Score was 2.0 (range, 0--12) among 143 patients, while the median pSOFA score was 4.0 (range: 0--21) among all 193 patients. Mortality was higher in shock than non-shock sepsis (66.7% vs 17.0%; odds ratio (OR): 9.77 (95% confidence interval (CI): 4.96-19.24)) and in those with organ dysfunction (53.1% vs 4.2%; OR = 26.03 (95% CI: 6.09-111.34)). Admission lactate was higher in non-survivors than survivors in both non-shock and shock groups (p<0.05). In adjusted interaction models, each 1 mmol/L increase in lactate (OR = 1.50, 95% CI: 1.11--2.01; p = 0.0075) and each one-unit increase in natural-log--transformed PCT (ln(PCT)) (OR = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.01-1.79; p=0.0458) were associated with mortality in non-shock sepsis. The lactate x shock interaction (OR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.55--1.05; p = 0.092) and ln(PCT) x shock interaction (OR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.52--1.07; p = 0.114) were not statistically significant. Shock-stratified ROC curve analysis showed better discrimination in non-shock than shock for lactate (AUC: 0.76 (95% CI: 0.67-0.85) vs 0.62 (95% CI: 0.40-0.83); DeLong p=0.233) and modest discrimination for natural-log-transformed PCT [ln(PCT)] in both phenotypes (AUC: 0.65 (95% CI: 0.55-0.75) vs 0.61 (95% CI: 0.41-0.80); DeLong p=0.695). CONCLUSION: Admission lactate showed moderate discrimination for in-hospital mortality in non-shock sepsis, whereas discrimination was lower in septic shock. PCT showed modest discrimination across phenotypes. Although AUCs were numerically higher in non-shock sepsis, between-phenotype differences were not statistically significant, supporting phenotype-based interpretation and the need for external validation. FAU - Vo, Thi Van AU - Vo TV AD - Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho, Vietnam. FAU - Lu, Dien Tri AU - Lu DT AD - Department of General Nursing, Internal Medicine Program, Faculty of Nursing and Medical Technology, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho, Vietnam. FAU - Thai, Dien Minh AU - Thai DM AD - Faculty of Medicine, Nam Can Tho University, Can Tho, Vietnam. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260803 PL - Iran TA - Arch Acad Emerg Med JT - Archives of academic emergency medicine JID - 101740147 PMC - PMC13542529 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Biomarkers OT - Lactic acid OT - Pediatrics OT - Procalcitonin OT - Sepsis OT - Shock, septic COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/06 01:18 MHDA- 2026/09/06 01:19 PMCR- 2026/08/03 CRDT- 2026/09/05 09:05 PHST- 2026/09/06 01:19 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/06 01:18 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/05 09:05 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.22037/aaem.v14i1.3029 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Arch Acad Emerg Med. 2026 Aug 3;14(1):e34. doi: 10.22037/aaem.v14i1.3029. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42697107 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261024 LR - 20261024 IS - 2211-0356 (Electronic) IS - 2211-0348 (Linking) VI - 115 DP - 2026 Nov TI - Longitudinal stability of dietary intake patterns in pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis: A multicenter prospective cohort study. PG - 107677 LID - S2211-0348(26)00712-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.msard.2026.107677 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Diet may influence MS activity, but most studies use a single dietary measure. The stability of diet over time in pediatric-onset MS (POMS) is unclear. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the reproducibility and short-term temporal stability of dietary intake in youth with POMS using repeated food frequency questionnaires (FFQ). METHODS: This longitudinal study included participants with a baseline FFQ (the Block Kids Food Screener, 2014). Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were estimated using random-intercept mixed-effects models to quantify the relative contributions of between-person and within-person variability. Temporal trends in intake were assessed by modeling time since baseline as a fixed effect, using log-transformed dietary variables to estimate percent change over time. RESULTS: Of 419 FFQs from 195 participants, 140 (71.8%) completed >/=2 FFQs over a median of 6.5 months (range 2.8-18). ICCs ranged from 0.41 to 0.78 across dietary measures, with the highest reproducibility observed for vegetables and fiber (ICCs 0.78 and 0.72). Log-transformed models showed small declines in several nutrients over time, corresponding to <10% change over a six-month period. CONCLUSIONS: Dietary intake demonstrated moderate to good reproducibility over the 6 to 18 month follow-up period. Vegetable and fiber intake had the strongest reliability. These findings suggest that reported dietary intake assessed by a single or infrequent FFQ may remain reasonably stable over a 6- to 18-month period in longitudinal POMS studies. However, the moderate-to-good reproducibility observed indicates that within-person variability persists and may attenuate diet-disease associations when only a single dietary assessment is available. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Virupakshaiah, Akash AU - Virupakshaiah A AD - UCSF School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA. Electronic address: Akash.Virupakshaiah@ucsf.edu. FAU - Schoeps, Vinicius A AU - Schoeps VA AD - UCSF School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA. FAU - Chang, Gina AU - Chang G AD - UCSF School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA. FAU - Waltz, Michael AU - Waltz M AD - University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. FAU - Race, Jonathan AU - Race J AD - University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. FAU - Mar, Soe AU - Mar S AD - Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, St. Louis, MO, USA. FAU - Francisco, Carla AU - Francisco C AD - UCSF School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA. FAU - Casper, T Charles AU - Casper TC AD - University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. FAU - Rose, John AU - Rose J AD - University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. FAU - Rodriguez, Moses AU - Rodriguez M AD - Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. FAU - Tillema, Jan-Mendelt AU - Tillema JM AD - Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. FAU - Chitnis, Tanuja AU - Chitnis T AD - Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Gorman, Mark P AU - Gorman MP AD - Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Benson, Leslie A AU - Benson LA AD - Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Graves, Jennifer S AU - Graves JS AD - Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA. FAU - Rensel, Mary AU - Rensel M AD - Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA. FAU - Abrams, Aaron AU - Abrams A AD - Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA. FAU - Krupp, Lauren B AU - Krupp LB AD - NYU Langone Health, NY, NY, USA. FAU - O'Neill, Kimberly A AU - O'Neill KA AD - NYU Langone Health, NY, NY, USA. FAU - Lotze, Timothy E AU - Lotze TE AD - Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA. FAU - Aaen, Gregory AU - Aaen G AD - Loma Linda University Children's Hospital, Loma Linda, CA, USA. FAU - Wheeler, Yolanda AU - Wheeler Y AD - University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA. FAU - Schreiner, Teri AU - Schreiner T AD - Children's Hospital Colorado, Denver, CO, USA. FAU - Waldman, Amy T AU - Waldman AT AD - Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Chong, Janet AU - Chong J AD - UCSF School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA. FAU - Titcomb, Tyler J AU - Titcomb TJ AD - Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, United States. FAU - Tremlett, Helen AU - Tremlett H AD - Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Canada. FAU - Waubant, Emmanuelle AU - Waubant E AD - UCSF School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study DEP - 20260823 PL - Netherlands TA - Mult Scler Relat Disord JT - Multiple sclerosis and related disorders JID - 101580247 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Adolescent MH - Male MH - Child MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - *Multiple Sclerosis/epidemiology MH - *Diet MH - Prospective Studies MH - Diet Surveys MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Age of Onset OTO - NOTNLM OT - Diet OT - Dietary assessment OT - Food frequency questionnaire OT - Pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis COIS- Declaration of competing interest None reported. EDAT- 2026/09/04 23:36 MHDA- 2026/10/24 05:34 CRDT- 2026/09/04 18:10 PHST- 2026/03/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/24 05:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/04 23:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/04 18:10 [entrez] AID - S2211-0348(26)00712-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.msard.2026.107677 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2026 Nov;115:107677. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2026.107677. Epub 2026 Aug 23. PMID- 42695814 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260904 LR - 20260911 IS - 1364-6893 (Electronic) IS - 0144-3615 (Linking) VI - 46 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Dec TI - Predicting Category II and III foetal heart rate patterns during epidural analgesia: a retrospective cohort study. PG - 2721398 LID - 10.1080/01443615.2026.2721398 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: This study aimed to identify predictors and develop a multivariable prediction model for Category II and III foetal heart rate (FHR) patterns in parturients undergoing labour epidural analgesia (LEA). METHODS: A retrospective cohort study of 237 parturients receiving LEA was conducted. To address the multicollinearity of 18 intrapartum variables, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and cross-validation were used for feature selection. A predictive nomogram was constructed and internally validated. Model performance was evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), calibration plots, and Decision Curve Analysis (DCA). RESULTS: Abnormal FHR patterns (Category II and III) occurred in 168 (70.9%) parturients. The LASSO algorithm identified 11 predictors. Multivariable logistic regression demonstrated that maternal intrapartum temperature (OR = 3.518), initial LEA bolus count (OR = 3.625), body mass index (BMI), and oxytocin dosage were independent predictors associated with abnormal FHR patterns. The constructed nomogram demonstrated good discrimination (AUC = 0.800) and good calibration. DCA demonstrated potential clinical net benefit across a wide range of threshold probabilities (0.02-0.99). CONCLUSIONS: We developed and internally validated an 11-variable nomogram (AUC = 0.800) to predict abnormal FHR patterns during LEA. By integrating routinely available clinical variables, the nomogram facilitate early risk stratification and support individualised intrapartum management. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinical trial registration: (https://www.chictr.org.cn ChiCTR2300073493; registered 12th July 2023). FAU - Li, Bing AU - Li B AD - Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province. FAU - Wang, Qiqi AU - Wang Q AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province. FAU - Xie, Yuemei AU - Xie Y AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province. FAU - Chen, Liurong AU - Chen L AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province. FAU - Jia, Junxiang AU - Jia J AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province. FAU - Song, Xingrong AU - Song X AD - Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260904 PL - England TA - J Obstet Gynaecol JT - Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology : the journal of the Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology JID - 8309140 RN - 50-56-6 (Oxytocin) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Pregnancy MH - *Analgesia, Epidural/adverse effects/methods MH - *Analgesia, Obstetrical/adverse effects/methods MH - *Heart Rate, Fetal/physiology MH - Nomograms MH - Oxytocin/administration & dosage MH - Prediction Algorithms MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Cohort Studies OAB - Labour epidural analgesia is a safe and effective method of pain relief during childbirth. However, it can sometimes be accompanied by temporary changes in the baby's heart rate. At present, it is difficult for clinicians to identify in advance which mothers are more likely to develop these changes during labour.To address this question, we reviewed the medical records of 237 women who received labour epidural analgesia. Using statistical methods, we evaluated 18 clinical characteristics and identified 11 key predictors of abnormal foetal heart rate patterns. We found that a higher maternal temperature during labour, the need for additional epidural bolus doses shortly after analgesia, a higher body mass index (BMI), and greater oxytocin use were key predictive contributors associated with these heart rate changes.Based on these findings, we developed a simple risk prediction tool that may help clinicians identify women at increased risk earlier during labour. Earlier recognition of higher-risk patients may support closer monitoring and timely consideration of appropriate interventions, such as maternal repositioning, fluid administration, or adjustment of oxytocin when clinically indicated. Further studies are needed to determine whether use of this tool improves maternal and neonatal outcomes in routine clinical practice. OABL- eng OTO - NOTNLM OT - Epidural OT - analgesia OT - cardiotocography OT - foetus OT - nomogram OT - parturition EDAT- 2026/09/04 17:40 MHDA- 2026/09/04 17:41 CRDT- 2026/09/04 12:09 PHST- 2026/09/04 17:41 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/04 17:40 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/04 12:09 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/01443615.2026.2721398 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Obstet Gynaecol. 2026 Dec;46(1):2721398. doi: 10.1080/01443615.2026.2721398. Epub 2026 Sep 4. PMID- 42693933 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260930 LR - 20261002 IS - 1367-4811 (Electronic) IS - 1367-4803 (Print) IS - 1367-4803 (Linking) VI - 42 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Aug 31 TI - Revealing subject-specific temporal patterns from longitudinal data. LID - 10.1093/bioinformatics/btag658 [doi] LID - btag658 AB - MOTIVATION: Temporal multivariate data are ubiquitous in many domains, for instance, being collected over time at planned visits (every few months/years) in longitudinal cohorts, or every few minutes/hours in challenge tests. The analysis of such data often focuses on revealing the underlying temporal patterns common across subjects. However, there are subject-specific differences in temporal patterns, which hold the promise to enhance our understanding of underlying mechanisms and facilitate personalized approaches. Nevertheless, extracting subject-specific temporal patterns from longitudinal multivariate data reliably is an open challenge. RESULTS: We introduce coupled matrix factorizations (CMFs) as effective tools to capture subject-specific temporal patterns focusing on two novel applications: analysis of longitudinal metabolomics data and sensitization data. Our analysis shows that CMF models reliably capture subject-specific (shape) differences in temporal patterns with the promise to reveal further insights compared to the state of the art. In metabolomics, CMF models reveal differences in metabolic responses of individuals (in a postprandial meal challenge) according to anthropometric and insulin sensitivity measures. In sensitization data analysis, CMF-based methods capture differences in temporal trajectories of children according to delivery/birth mode and atopic disease diagnosis. We demonstrate the reliability of extracted patterns using reproducibility and replicability. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION: The code is available on github.com/cchatzis/Revealing-Subject-specific-Temporal-Patterns-from-Longitudinal-Data and doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22084338. Clinical data are not publicly available due to privacy reasons. Data can be made available under a joint research collaboration by contacting COPSAC (administration@dbac.dk). CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. Published by Oxford University Press. FAU - Chatzis, Christos AU - Chatzis C AD - Department of Data Science and Knowledge Discovery, Simula Metropolitan Center for Digital Engineering, Oslo, 0170, Norway. AD - Faculty of Technology, Art and Design, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, 0166, Norway. FAU - Horner, David AU - Horner D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0200-4561 AD - COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2820, Denmark. FAU - Bro, Rasmus AU - Bro R AD - Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 1958, Denmark. FAU - Schoos, Ann-Marie Malby AU - Schoos AM AD - COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2820, Denmark. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital-Naestved, Slagelse and Ringsted, Slagelse, 4200, Denmark. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital-Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, 2650, Denmark. AD - Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark. FAU - Rasmussen, Morten A AU - Rasmussen MA AD - COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2820, Denmark. AD - Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 1958, Denmark. FAU - Acar, Evrim AU - Acar E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3737-292X AD - Department of Data Science and Knowledge Discovery, Simula Metropolitan Center for Digital Engineering, Oslo, 0170, Norway. LA - eng GR - NNF23SA0087869/Novo Nordisk Foundation/ PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Bioinformatics JT - Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) JID - 9808944 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Metabolomics/methods MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Algorithms MH - *Computational Biology/methods PMC - PMC13623513 COIS- Ann-Marie Malby Schoos has received payment as a speaker from Thermo Fisher Scientific. EDAT- 2026/09/04 05:35 MHDA- 2026/09/30 05:30 PMCR- 2026/09/04 CRDT- 2026/09/04 04:13 PHST- 2026/01/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/30 05:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/04 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/04 04:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 8785290 [pii] AID - btag658 [pii] AID - 10.1093/bioinformatics/btag658 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Bioinformatics. 2026 Aug 31;42(9):btag658. doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btag658. PMID- 42693541 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260904 LR - 20260914 IS - 1478-5153 (Electronic) IS - 1362-1017 (Print) IS - 1362-1017 (Linking) VI - 31 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Wearable Sleep and Circadian Monitoring in Intensive Care Nursing: A Scoping Review. PG - e70671 LID - 10.1111/nicc.70671 [doi] LID - e70671 AB - BACKGROUND: Sleep and circadian disruption are common in critical illness, yet bedside assessment remains difficult. Wearables are unobtrusive and extend observation across 24 h, but their measurement performance in critical illness requires appraisal. AIMS: To map wearable sleep and circadian monitoring during intensive care, its measurement performance, clinical applications and nursing implications. STUDY DESIGN: A scoping review followed JBI and PRISMA-ScR guidance. PubMed, Europe PMC and OpenAlex were searched from inception to 22 July 2026, with citation searching. Eligible primary reports used a body-worn sensor during intensive care to estimate sleep or circadian/rest-activity outcomes at any age. Conventional polysomnography/electroencephalography without an eligible wearable, non-contact systems, staff studies and post-ICU-only monitoring were excluded. No risk-of-bias appraisal was undertaken. RESULTS: Sixty-one reports (43 adult; 18 paediatric/neonatal; 1996-2026) were included. Actigraphy dominated; commercial trackers, smartwatches and one respiratory-belt/heart-rate-variability system were less common. Monitoring was feasible, but performance varied by device, patient state and age group: wake specificity was often poor in ventilated, sedated or immobile patients and agreement with patient or nurse reports was weak to modest. Records showed fragmented and daytime sleep, weak day-night consolidation and attenuated circadian rhythmicity. Nursing bundles, massage, positioning, light and chronotype-informed care changed selected outcomes, but effects were heterogeneous. CONCLUSIONS: Wearables usefully describe rest-activity patterns and support nursing assessment, but agreement with physiological sleep varied by device, patient state and age; movement-derived estimates need clinical context and are not a stand-alone sleep measure. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Nurses should combine wearable trends with patient report, sedation and mobility, delirium screening and care-interaction records; escalation thresholds require prospective validation. CI - (c) 2026 British Association of Critical Care Nurses. FAU - Badawy, Walaa AU - Badawy W AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8154-0038 AD - College of Education, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Shaban, Mostafa AU - Shaban M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7822-1653 AD - Community Health Nursing Department, College of Nursing, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng GR - RGP2/129/47/Deanship of Research and Graduate Studies at King Khalid University/ PT - Journal Article PT - Scoping Review PL - England TA - Nurs Crit Care JT - Nursing in critical care JID - 9808649 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Critical Care Nursing MH - *Wearable Electronic Devices MH - *Sleep/physiology MH - *Circadian Rhythm/physiology MH - Monitoring, Physiologic/instrumentation MH - Actigraphy MH - Polysomnography MH - Intensive Care Units MH - Critical Illness PMC - PMC13542315 OTO - NOTNLM OT - actigraphy OT - circadian rhythm OT - critical care nursing OT - intensive care units OT - sleep monitoring COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/04 05:36 MHDA- 2026/09/04 05:37 PMCR- 2026/09/04 CRDT- 2026/09/04 01:50 PHST- 2026/08/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/04 05:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/04 05:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/04 01:50 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - NICC70671 [pii] AID - 10.1111/nicc.70671 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nurs Crit Care. 2026 Sep;31(5):e70671. doi: 10.1111/nicc.70671. PMID- 42692871 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260903 IS - 1878-4046 (Electronic) IS - 1076-6332 (Linking) DP - 2026 Sep 3 TI - Value of the Newly Designed Major and Minor Checklists in Diagnosis of Congenital Cardiovascular Disease and Associated Malformation: New Era of Fetal Cardiac MRI. LID - S1076-6332(26)00583-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.acra.2026.07.071 [doi] AB - RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Fetal echocardiography is the standard, rapid, affordable, and noninvasive modality for prenatal assessment of suspected congenital heart disease. Fetal cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (FCMRI) has emerged as a valuable adjunct, particularly when ultrasound is limited by maternal obesity, uterine fibroids, oligohydramnios, fetal malposition, or late-gestational acoustic shadowing. Consequently, this study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic utility of a newly proposed structured major/minor checklist system for FCMRI interpretation. By correlating structured FCMRI interpretations with postnatal echocardiographic outcomes, we assess the framework's reliability in characterizing structural cardiovascular anomalies, particularly when initial ultrasound evaluation is suboptimal. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between May 2024 and November 2025, an initial cohort of 60 pregnant women was screened, yielding 52 singleton pregnancies with suspected fetal cardiac anomalies. These cases were prospectively evaluated with fetal echocardiography and FCMRI. Image interpretation was performed by two radiologists experienced in prenatal imaging and one pediatric cardiologist. Postnatal confirmation was available for 40 live-born infants; 12 intrauterine fetal death cases were excluded from postnatal diagnostic-performance analysis. RESULTS: Based on postnatal echocardiography, both modalities demonstrated high diagnostic performance. Fetal echocardiography yielded slightly higher sensitivity than FCMRI (96.5% vs. 93.1%), whereas FCMRI exhibited higher specificity (100% vs. 81.8%) and overall diagnostic accuracy (95.0% vs. 92.5%). Notably, FCMRI demonstrated a significantly higher overall concordance with postnatal echocardiography compared to fetal echocardiography for ductus-dependent critical lesions (90.0% vs. 77.5% total agreement). This superior concordance for FCMRI was particularly pronounced in identifying emergency ductus-dependent lesions (72.7% vs. 36.4% agreement in positive cases), alongside higher exact concordance in normal, conotruncal, and hypoplastic heart-spectrum categories, whereas fetal echocardiography showed higher concordance in tetralogy of Fallot and Ebstein anomaly. Both modalities showed similar concordance for atrioventricular septal defects. CONCLUSION: FCMRI is a useful complementary adjunct to fetal echocardiography, improving diagnostic confidence in complex cases and supporting prenatal counseling, delivery planning, and postnatal management. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Association of University Radiologists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Hassan, Hend Galal Eldeen Mohamed Ali AU - Hassan HGEMA AD - Department of Diagnostic, Interventional Radiology and Molecular Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. FAU - Ragheb, Samar Ramzy AU - Ragheb SR AD - Department of Diagnostic, Interventional Radiology and Molecular Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. FAU - Elyasaki, Ahmed M AU - Elyasaki AM AD - Technology of Prosthetic & Orthotic Devices Program, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Galala University, Suez, Egypt; Rheumatology, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. FAU - M M Habeeb, Nevin AU - M M Habeeb N AD - Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. FAU - G Khattap, Mohamed AU - G Khattap M AD - Technology of Radiology and Medical Imaging Program, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences Technology, Galala University, Suez 435611, Egypt. Electronic address: mohamed.khattap.2016@gmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260903 PL - United States TA - Acad Radiol JT - Academic radiology JID - 9440159 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Congenital heart disease OT - Disease-spectrum classification OT - Fetal cardiac MRI OT - Fetal echocardiography OT - Major and minor checklists COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/09/03 23:36 MHDA- 2026/09/03 23:36 CRDT- 2026/09/03 21:52 PHST- 2026/05/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/03 23:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/03 23:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/03 21:52 [entrez] AID - S1076-6332(26)00583-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.acra.2026.07.071 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Acad Radiol. 2026 Sep 3:S1076-6332(26)00583-0. doi: 10.1016/j.acra.2026.07.071. PMID- 42692055 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260911 LR - 20260911 IS - 1873-4030 (Electronic) IS - 1350-4533 (Linking) VI - 147 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep 11 TI - Anthropometry-aware chest-worn inertial sensing for pediatric activity assessment using a school-badge device. LID - 10.1088/1873-4030/aea226 [doi] AB - Objective assessment of physical activity in children and adolescents supports school health surveillance and the evaluation of behavioral interventions, but wearable recognition models are typically developed on adults, public benchmarks, or sample-level data splits that do not test performance on new users. Baseline models also encode the inertial stream alone and carry no description of the individual, leaving developmental differences in body size and movement execution uncorrected. This study developed the Anthropometry-Aware Temporal Attention DeepConvLSTM (AATA-DeepConvLSTM) model for single-label 22-class activity recognition from a chest-worn school-badge inertial measurement unit. It combines convolutional-recurrent encoding of eight inertial channels (triaxial acceleration and angular velocity at 100 Hz plus their magnitudes), temporal attention pooling, and representation-level fusion of age, sex, height, body weight, and body mass index as subject-level context. After quality control, 4,666 activity records from 128 participants aged 5-18 years were analyzed under subject-independent five-fold cross-validation, with record-level macro-averaged1 (Macro-1) as the primary metric. AATA-DeepConvLSTM reached a record-level accuracy of 0.9377 and a Macro-1 of 0.9291, against 0.9092 and 0.8992 for the strongest baseline, DeepConvLSTM. In ablation, temporal attention alone raised Macro-1 from 0.8992 to 0.9112 and real anthropometric context raised it to 0.9291, whereas shuffling the anthropometric values across participants returned it to 0.9117; height alone recovered 0.9264. Static postures remained the weakest classes. These results support anthropometry-aware wearable-signal modeling as a feasible engineering approach for pediatric activity assessment, while naturalistic validation and stable calibration protocols remain necessary before routine school-based deployment. CI - (c) 2026 Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine. All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved. FAU - Yang, Zhiyuan AU - Yang Z AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-1495-4784 AD - Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, People's Republic of China. FAU - Li, Liang AU - Li L AD - China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, People's Republic of China. FAU - Cai, Yujun AU - Cai Y AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-6827-6708 AD - Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. FAU - Sun, Zhiyuan AU - Sun Z AD - Shandong Sport University, Jinan, People's Republic of China. FAU - Tao, Liangze AU - Tao L AD - School of Automation, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China. FAU - Bao, Chunyu AU - Bao C AD - Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, People's Republic of China. FAU - Meng, Qinghua AU - Meng Q AD - Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, People's Republic of China. FAU - Li, Xuesong AU - Li X AD - Qufu Normal University, Qufu, People's Republic of China. FAU - Xue, Yijia AU - Xue Y AD - Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, People's Republic of China. FAU - Xiong, Kai AU - Xiong K AD - Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China. FAU - Yan, Longxin AU - Yan L AD - Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China. FAU - Bu, Can AU - Bu C AD - School of Automation, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260911 PL - England TA - Med Eng Phys JT - Medical engineering & physics JID - 9422753 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - *Wearable Electronic Devices MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Anthropometry/instrumentation MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Schools MH - *Accelerometry/instrumentation OTO - NOTNLM OT - anthropometric information OT - biomedical engineering OT - few-shot personalization OT - human activity recognition OT - pediatric activity assessment OT - subject-independent validation OT - wearable inertial sensing EDAT- 2026/09/03 23:36 MHDA- 2026/09/11 17:36 CRDT- 2026/09/03 18:53 PHST- 2026/06/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/11 17:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/03 23:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/03 18:53 [entrez] AID - 10.1088/1873-4030/aea226 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Med Eng Phys. 2026 Sep 11;147(9). doi: 10.1088/1873-4030/aea226. PMID- 42690852 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260903 LR - 20260905 IS - 0971-5916 (Print) IS - 0971-5916 (Linking) VI - 164 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Body composition changes and nutritional challenges in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: Perspectives from low-resource settings. PG - 435-444 LID - 10.25259/IJMR_3730_2025 [pii] AB - Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is the most common childhood cancer in India; despite improving survival in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs), outcomes remain inferior to those in high-income countries and are further complicated by the dual burden of undernutrition and treatment-related obesity. This narrative review synthesises evidence on nutritional status, body composition changes, and related challenges in children with ALL in low-resource settings, focusing on India. During treatment, weight and body mass index (BMI) may fluctuate, yet body-composition studies indicate that even when weight/BMI are stable or increase, lean mass can decline with concurrent fat gain. These alterations often persist into survivorship, increasing cardiometabolic and functional risks, highlighting the limitations of relying solely on anthropometric measurements, which may miss clinically important shifts in body composition. This issue is particularly relevant in South Asian children, who exhibit a 'thin fat' phenotype with relatively greater adiposity at a given BMI. Both undernutrition and overnutrition are associated with higher infection rates, chemotherapy toxicity, treatment delays, relapses, and mortality, yet nutritional care often remains peripheral within oncology services in LMICs. This review outlines the limitations of conventional anthropometry, summarises the feasibility and constraints of available body-composition techniques, and describes complementary biochemical, clinical, and dietary indicators to refine nutritional risk stratification. It also discusses health-system, socioeconomic, and cultural barriers, including gaps in caregiver nutrition knowledge. Collectively, the findings highlight the need to integrate routine nutrition screening, longitudinal body-composition monitoring, and individualised, culturally sensitive dietary interventions into standard paediatric ALL care, particularly in resource-limited settings. FAU - Puttaswamy, Deepa AU - Puttaswamy D AD - Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India. AD - Division of Nutrition, St. John's Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. FAU - Kuriyan, Rebecca AU - Kuriyan R AD - Division of Nutrition, St. John's Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. AD - Department of Physiology, St. John's Medical College, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - United States TA - Indian J Med Res JT - The Indian journal of medical research JID - 0374701 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Body Composition/physiology MH - *Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/epidemiology/physiopathology/complications/pathology MH - Child MH - Resource-Limited Settings MH - *Nutritional Status MH - India/epidemiology MH - Body Mass Index MH - *Obesity/epidemiology/physiopathology MH - *Malnutrition/epidemiology/physiopathology PMC - PMC13541148 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia OT - Body composition OT - India OT - Nutritional status OT - Paediatric COIS- None. EDAT- 2026/09/03 17:36 MHDA- 2026/09/03 17:37 PMCR- 2026/09/01 CRDT- 2026/09/03 13:00 PHST- 2025/12/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/03 17:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/03 17:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/03 13:00 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.25259/IJMR_3730_2025 [pii] AID - 10.25259/IJMR_3730_2025 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Indian J Med Res. 2026 Sep;164(3):435-444. doi: 10.25259/IJMR_3730_2025. PMID- 42690225 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260903 LR - 20260906 IS - 1550-2783 (Electronic) IS - 1550-2783 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Dec 30 TI - Assessment of energy cost in three winter sports: Alpine skiing, snowboarding, and simulated cross-country skiing. PG - 2722536 LID - 10.1080/15502783.2026.2722536 [doi] LID - 2722536 AB - BACKGROUND: Little is known about the energy costs of recreational skiing, snowboarding, and cross-country skiing activities in young adults. Investigating the intensity of such activities for promoting skiing in public health and exercise contexts is needed. This study measured the heart rate (HR), oxygen uptake (VO(2)), and respiratory quotient (RQ) of recreational Alpine skiing, snowboarding, and simulated cross-country skiing (roller skiing) in young adults (17-25 y). METHODS: Three cross-sectional studies were performed. Alpine skiing (study 1, n = 13, 11 males, 2 females) and snowboarding (study 2, n = 13, all males) were performed on a ski slope rated intermediate in difficulty. Each skier completed one run and was guided by a researcher to maintain a common speed. Simulated cross-country skiing (study 3, n = 13, 8 males, 5 females) was performed while the roller skiing on a laboratory treadmill at 0% incline with increasing velocities per stage. Two trials were conducted: free skate (combined V1, V2) and the classic technique. HR was monitored by telemetry. VO(2) and RQ were measured by portable indirect calorimetry. METs were computed as VO(2) ml.kg(-1.)min(-1) divided by 3.5. RESULTS: The energy cost in METS for men and women combined was highest for simulated cross-country skiing (free skate, 10.57 +/- 0.53; classic, 8.62 +/- 0.75) than Alpine skiing (7.76 +/- 1.18) and snowboarding (7.38 +/- 2.55). RQ was highest for Alpine skiing (0.96 +/- 0.10) than other skiing modes (on average, 0.87 to 0.88). Exercise HR was higher in the free skate (164.52 +/- 13.58) and Alpine skiing (153.41 +/- 20.54) than classic skiing (149.56 +/- 12.68) and snowboarding (139.39 +/- 41.96). CONCLUSIONS: Recreational Alpine skiing, snowboarding, and simulated cross-country skiing are vigorous-intensity activities with an energy cost exceeding 6 METs in young adults. This study provides empirical, protocol-specific MET values for these activities, which validated and refined the existing estimates for these activities in the Adult Compendium of Physical Activities, offering an empirical basis for more precise energy expenditure assessment in recreational skiing. FAU - Li, Lu AU - Li L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5128-5323 AD - School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China. FAU - Liang, Zhiqiang AU - Liang Z AD - School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China. FAU - Sun, Bo AU - Sun B AD - School of Physical Education, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China. FAU - Yun, Chu AU - Yun C AD - School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China. FAU - Ainsworth, Barbara E AU - Ainsworth BE AD - School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China. FAU - Liu, Yu AU - Liu Y AD - School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China. AD - Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260903 PL - United States TA - J Int Soc Sports Nutr JT - Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition JID - 101234168 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Skiing/physiology MH - *Energy Metabolism MH - Female MH - Heart Rate MH - Oxygen Consumption MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adolescent MH - Adult PMC - PMC13543838 OTO - NOTNLM OT - METs OT - Olympic sports OT - energy costs OT - physical activity OT - winter sports COIS- No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s). EDAT- 2026/09/03 17:36 MHDA- 2026/09/03 17:37 PMCR- 2026/09/03 CRDT- 2026/09/03 12:19 PHST- 2026/09/03 17:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/03 17:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/03 12:19 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2722536 [pii] AID - 10.1080/15502783.2026.2722536 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2026 Dec 30;23(1):2722536. doi: 10.1080/15502783.2026.2722536. Epub 2026 Sep 3. PMID- 42689310 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260903 LR - 20260904 IS - 0970-0218 (Print) IS - 1998-3581 (Electronic) IS - 0970-0218 (Linking) VI - 51 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Jul-Aug TI - In-Service Training of Stakeholders Working for Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) in an Eastern State of India: A Pre and Post- Training Assessment. PG - 686-693 LID - 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_693_25 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Particularly vulnerable tribal groups (PVTGs) are among the most marginalized tribal communities in India. The uptake of government-led health and nutrition programmes by them is low owing to the geographical remoteness of their habitats, communication gaps between service providers and PVTG communities, and distinct cultural beliefs. Under the "Jiban Sampark" ("Connection with Life") project-a collaboration between the Government of Odisha, United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), and AIIMS Bhubaneswar-a structured training of trainers (ToT) programme was implemented to build the capacity of stakeholders serving these communities. The objective of this study was to implement and assess the effectiveness of the training programme on the knowledge of stakeholders working for PVTGs in tribal districts of Odisha, an eastern state of India. METHODS: A single-group pre-post (before-after) interventional study was conducted in 12 tribal districts from April 2019 to January 2020. Six modules were developed and vetted by subject experts for the training of different stakeholders including health officials, officials from Women and Child Development (WCD) departments, Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) personnel, and functionaries of the Odisha Livelihood Mission (OLM) and the Odisha PVTG Empowerment and Livelihood Programme (OPELIP). Three-day residential trainings covered six modules; knowledge was assessed across five domains-childhood malnutrition, adolescent health, antenatal and postnatal care, newborn care and immunization, and communication in service delivery-using a pretested, content-validated 20-item questionnaire administered immediately before and after training to 231 of the 242 participants trained. RESULTS: The mean total knowledge score improved significantly after training compared with before training (13.80 +/- 3.78 vs 11.55 +/- 5.19; paired t-test, P < 0.001). All five domains improved significantly by McNemar's test (all P < 0.0001). The pre-test overall knowledge was lowest among OPELIP staff and health functionaries (8.41 +/- 3.03 and 9.16 +/- 2.49, respectively). The post-test scores of health functionaries were highest across all domains, and their overall improvement was statistically significant (9.16 +/- 2.49 vs 15.48 +/- 4.19; P < 0.001). WCD functionaries, who had the highest baseline score, showed a significant decline in total score (14.85 +/- 6.37 vs 12.82 +/- 3.96; P = 0.023). CONCLUSION: The assessment of pre- and post-test results revealed a significant improvement in the knowledge of stakeholders across most domains and cadres. Hence, an administrative mechanism within the government system is needed to impart training to all stakeholders at regular intervals and to monitor the cascade training of frontline workers (FLWs). CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Indian Journal of Community Medicine. FAU - Bhatia, Vikas AU - Bhatia V AD - Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, AIIMS Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. FAU - Giri, Prajna Paramita AU - Giri PP AD - Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, AIIMS Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. FAU - Taywade, Manish AU - Taywade M AD - Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, AIIMS Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. FAU - Parida, Swayam Pragyan AU - Parida SP AD - Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, AIIMS Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. FAU - Behera, Binod Kumar AU - Behera BK AD - Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, AIIMS Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. FAU - Das, Sandeep AU - Das S AD - Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, AIIMS Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260813 PL - India TA - Indian J Community Med JT - Indian journal of community medicine : official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine JID - 9315574 PMC - PMC13537773 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Knowledge assessment OT - PVTG OT - scheduled tribe OT - training OT - tribal COIS- There are no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/03 12:09 MHDA- 2026/09/03 12:10 PMCR- 2026/07/01 CRDT- 2026/09/03 11:08 PHST- 2025/09/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/03 12:10 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/03 12:09 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/03 11:08 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - IJCM-51-686 [pii] AID - 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_693_25 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Indian J Community Med. 2026 Jul-Aug;51(4):686-693. doi: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_693_25. Epub 2026 Aug 13. PMID- 42689159 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260903 LR - 20260904 IS - 2168-8184 (Print) IS - 2168-8184 (Electronic) IS - 2168-8184 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Chrononutrition and Pediatric Metabolic Health: An Integrative Review of Circadian Biology and Early-Day Metabolic Regulation. PG - e113864 LID - 10.7759/cureus.113864 [doi] LID - e113864 AB - Childhood obesity remains one of the most important public health challenges worldwide, resulting from the complex interaction of biological, behavioral, environmental, and socioeconomic factors. Although substantial advances have been achieved in nutritional science, increasing evidence suggests that metabolic regulation is influenced not only by dietary composition but also by biological timing. This narrative conceptual review synthesizes current knowledge from chronobiology, chrononutrition, pediatric endocrinology, nutritional physiology, and behavioral nutrition to examine how early-day eating patterns may influence metabolic regulation during childhood. The available evidence indicates that metabolic responses emerge from the coordinated interaction among circadian organization, endocrine signaling, dietary quality, feeding behavior, and developmental physiology rather than from isolated nutritional variables alone. Based on this integrated interpretation, this review proposes the concept of the Early-Day Metabolic Window (EMW), defined as the physiological period immediately following overnight fasting during which circadian synchronization, endocrine responsiveness, metabolic flexibility, and nutrient sensing converge during the transition toward daytime metabolism. Building upon this concept, we present the Costa Reset Conceptual Model, an integrative physiological framework designed to organize current evidence into a unified interpretation of early-day metabolic regulation. Rather than proposing a new biological mechanism or a specific dietary intervention, the model provides a conceptual structure through which biological timing and nutritional exposures may be interpreted as interacting determinants of pediatric metabolic regulation. Although the proposed framework remains conceptual and requires prospective experimental validation, it generates biologically plausible and testable hypotheses that may guide future clinical and translational research. Integrating chrononutrition and temporal nutritional physiology into pediatric nutritional science may contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of childhood metabolic health and support future chrononutrition-based preventive and therapeutic strategies. CI - Copyright (c) 2026, Costa et al. FAU - Costa, Bruno AU - Costa B AD - Nutrition, Private Practice, Santos, BRA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260803 PL - United States TA - Cureus JT - Cureus JID - 101596737 PMC - PMC13537081 OTO - NOTNLM OT - child health OT - chronobiology OT - chrononutrition OT - circadian rhythm OT - early-day metabolic window OT - feeding behavior OT - metabolism OT - pediatric metabolism OT - pediatric obesity COIS- Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work. EDAT- 2026/09/03 12:09 MHDA- 2026/09/03 12:10 PMCR- 2026/08/03 CRDT- 2026/09/03 10:50 PHST- 2026/08/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/03 12:10 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/03 12:09 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/03 10:50 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.7759/cureus.113864 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cureus. 2026 Aug 3;18(8):e113864. doi: 10.7759/cureus.113864. eCollection 2026 Aug. PMID- 42689141 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260903 LR - 20260904 IS - 2296-861X (Print) IS - 2296-861X (Electronic) IS - 2296-861X (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2026 TI - Daily fiber supplementation after bariatric surgery demonstrates tolerability and influence on the fecal gut microbiome. PG - 1912097 LID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1912097 [doi] LID - 1912097 AB - INTRODUCTION: This study assessed the feasibility and tolerance of a 30-day resistant potato starch (RPS) supplement in patients who recently underwent bariatric surgery and its effect on microbial production of fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFA). METHODS: This clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT05653648), conducted at Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, provided 30-days of RPS supplement (titration: 24 g for 15 days; 48 g for 15 days) starting 90-days post-op and assessed gastrointestinal symptoms, dietary intake (24 h recall), fecal SCFAs, and fecal gut microbiome (n = 30). RESULTS: The RPS supplement was well tolerated by participants (77% achieving consumption goal), with modest, but significant increases in self-reported gas (p = 0.004) and abdominal rumbling (p = 0.047). It was associated with an increase in the Bifidobacterium genus (LDA score >4, p < 0.001) and specifically, an enrichment of B. faecale/adolescentis (p = 0.006), one of two known primary degraders of RPS. No changes were observed in the abundance of cross-feeders or in SCFA concentrations. Alpha diversity measures were significantly lower post-RPS, and there was no change in species richness. DISCUSSION: This study demonstrated that a RPS supplement is tolerable in post-op bariatric patients and that the gut microbiome is responsive to fiber interventions. RPS increased the abundance of SCFA-producing bacteria but did not alter fecal SCFAs, likely due to competition among cross-feeders. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Moser, Saxby, Lebby, Letendre, Lange, Mendez, Trus, Honigsberg, Billmeier, Gilbert-Diamond, Dao and Meijer. FAU - Moser, Brandy AU - Moser B AD - Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Food Systems, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, United States. FAU - Saxby, Solange M AU - Saxby SM AD - Department of Community and Family Medicine, Dartmouth Health, Lebanon, NH, United States. FAU - Lebby, Stephanie AU - Lebby S AD - Section of Obesity Medicine, Center for Digestive Health, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, United States. FAU - Letendre, Jennifer D AU - Letendre JD AD - Section of Bariatric Surgery, Center for Digestive Health, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, United States. FAU - Lange, Sarah AU - Lange S AD - Section of Bariatric Surgery, Center for Digestive Health, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, United States. FAU - Mendez, Marissa A AU - Mendez MA AD - Section of Bariatric Surgery, Center for Digestive Health, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, United States. FAU - Trus, Thadeus L AU - Trus TL AD - Section of Bariatric Surgery, Center for Digestive Health, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, United States. FAU - Honigsberg, Elizabeth AU - Honigsberg E AD - Section of Obesity Medicine, Center for Digestive Health, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, United States. FAU - Billmeier, Sarah E AU - Billmeier SE AD - Section of Bariatric Surgery, Center for Digestive Health, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, United States. FAU - Gilbert-Diamond, Diane AU - Gilbert-Diamond D AD - Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States. FAU - Dao, Maria Carlota AU - Dao MC AD - Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Food Systems, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, United States. FAU - Meijer, Jennifer L AU - Meijer JL AD - Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT05653648 PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260819 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Nutr JT - Frontiers in nutrition JID - 101642264 PMC - PMC13536892 OTO - NOTNLM OT - bariatric surgery OT - butyrate OT - fiber OT - gut microbiota OT - obesity OT - potato starch OT - short-chain fatty acids OT - supplementation COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/03 12:09 MHDA- 2026/09/03 12:10 PMCR- 2026/08/19 CRDT- 2026/09/03 10:48 PHST- 2026/06/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/03 12:10 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/03 12:09 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/03 10:48 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1912097 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Nutr. 2026 Aug 19;13:1912097. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1912097. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42688803 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260903 LR - 20260904 IS - 1664-0640 (Print) IS - 1664-0640 (Electronic) IS - 1664-0640 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - The moderated mediation effect of physical activity on non-suicidal self-injury: the mediating role of perceived stress and the moderating role of parental support. PG - 1824693 LID - 10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1824693 [doi] LID - 1824693 AB - OBJECTIVES: Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) has emerged as a significant public health challenge among adolescents globally. Although physical activity (PA) is widely recognized as a potential protective factor for mental health, the internal mechanisms through which it is associated with specific high-risk behaviors like NSSI remain insufficiently explored. This study aims to construct and validate a moderated mediation model to examine the association between PA and adolescent NSSI, the mediating role of perceived stress, and the boundary conditions set by parental support. METHODS: Utilizing a cross-sectional observational design and a stratified cluster sampling method, 402 adolescents (198 males and 204 females; mean age = 15.23 +/- 1.57 years) were recruited from five middle and high schools (three urban, two rural) in Sichuan Province, China. Participants completed a battery of psychometric instruments, including the Physical Activity Rating Scale-3 (PARS-3), the Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10), the Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (IPPA), and the Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory (DSHI). Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 26.0 and the PROCESS macro (Model 58). RESULTS: PA was significantly and negatively associated with adolescent NSSI (beta = -0.58, p < 0.001). Perceived stress partially mediated this relationship, with the indirect association accounting for 36.21% of the total effect. The substantial direct association (63.79%) suggests that PA may also relate to NSSI through other unmeasured pathways, such as speculative neurobiological adaptations or behavioral replacement. Furthermore, parental support significantly moderated the mediated process. Specifically, parental support moderated both the PA -> perceived stress pathway (beta = 0.15, p = 0.003) and the perceived stress -> NSSI pathway (beta = -0.14, p = 0.005), suggesting that the negative association between PA and stress is stronger under low parental support. CONCLUSIONS: PA serves as a potential protective factor negatively associated with NSSI through both direct and indirect statistical pathways. Parental support functions as a critical environmental buffer; for adolescents lacking parental support, PA serves as a crucial compensatory resource for stress management. These findings offer empirical evidence for the development of integrated family-school intervention strategies for adolescent mental health. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Wang, Jia and Xu. FAU - Wang, Pengyu AU - Wang P AD - School of Public Administration, Henan University of Economics and Law, Zhengzhou, China. FAU - Jia, Hui AU - Jia H AD - Department of Marine-Sports, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea. FAU - Xu, Jie AU - Xu J AD - Sichuan Technology and Business University, Meishan, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260819 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Psychiatry JT - Frontiers in psychiatry JID - 101545006 PMC - PMC13535768 OTO - NOTNLM OT - moderated mediation OT - non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) OT - parental support OT - perceived stress OT - physical activity COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/03 12:09 MHDA- 2026/09/03 12:10 PMCR- 2026/08/19 CRDT- 2026/09/03 09:56 PHST- 2026/03/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/03 12:10 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/03 12:09 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/03 09:56 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1824693 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Psychiatry. 2026 Aug 19;17:1824693. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1824693. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42688531 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260903 LR - 20260904 IS - 1664-042X (Print) IS - 1664-042X (Electronic) IS - 1664-042X (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Time-dependent changes in aerobic capacity of acute sub-high altitude exposure in elite youth endurance athletes. PG - 1916986 LID - 10.3389/fphys.2026.1916986 [doi] LID - 1916986 AB - PURPOSE: This study investigated the non-linear, time-dependent alterations in cardiorespiratory fitness, running economy (RE), and metabolic kinetics during the first week of acute exposure to a sub-high altitude (1,300 m) in elite youth endurance athletes. METHODS: Fourteen male national-level middle- and long-distance runners (age: 19.8 +/- 0.7 years; sea-level V O2max : 67.2 +/- 3.8 mL.kg(-)(1).min(-)(1)) completed field-based incremental exhaustion tests on a standard 400-m outdoor track at sea level (T0) and on day 1 (T1, within 18 h post-arrival), day 4 (T2), and day 6 (T3) after rapid rail-based ascent to 1,300 m. Maximal oxygen uptake ( V O2max ), peak running speed ( vV O2max ), and submaximal RE (steady-state V O2 at 12, 14, and 16 km.h(-)(1)) were assessed using an automated metabolic cart. Blood lactate concentration ([La(-)]b) and maximal heart rate (HRmax) were measured. Daily waking morning heart rate (morning HR) and resting arterial oxygen saturation (SpO(2)) were continuously monitored. Training volume was strictly standardized to 70% of the habitual sea-level load. RESULTS: One-way RM ANOVA revealed a significant main effect of time on V O2max ( F[3, 39] = 18.42, p < 0.001, etap2 = 0.59 ). Crucially, polynomial contrasts confirmed a highly significant quadratic trend ( Fquadratic[1, 13] = 34.21, ptrend < 0.001, etap2 = 0.72 ), statistically validating a non-linear V-shaped temporal kinetic profile. V O2max dropped from T1 to a distinct nadir at T2 ( - 7.0% , 95% CI:[60.1, 64.7] mL . kg-1 . min-1, p < 0.001 ), and partially rebounded at T3 . Concurrently, submaximal RE at 14 km/h significantly deteriorated at T2 , as evidenced by a 5.3% increase in distance-specific oxygen cost (from 210.5 +/- 12.4 at T1 to 221.7 +/- 14.2 mL . kg-1 . km-1 at T2 , p = 0.010 ), which also exhibited a significant quadratic pattern ( ptrend = 0.008 ). Post-exercise blood lactate peaked at T2 ( 11.2 +/- 1.4 mmol . L-1, p = 0.015 ), while HRmax remained statistically stable ( F[3, 39] = 0.21, p = 0.885, etap2 = 0.015 ). CONCLUSION: Acute relocation to 1,300 m induces a distinct physiological nadir on Day 4, which may be related to transient autonomic adjustments and respiratory muscle work, rather than hematological adaptations. Early adaptation emerges by Day 6. Coaches may consider closer monitoring and temporary adjustment of training intensity during the early days following ascent, particularly around day 4. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Feng, Ning, Zhang, Tao, Sun and Wu. FAU - Feng, Junpeng AU - Feng J AD - China Winter Sports College, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China. FAU - Ning, Fengming AU - Ning F AD - College of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China. FAU - Zhang, Xuchang AU - Zhang X AD - College of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China. FAU - Tao, Ye AU - Tao Y AD - College of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China. FAU - Sun, Mingyue AU - Sun M AD - Department of Physical Education, Beijing City University, Beijing, China. FAU - Wu, Wenqiang AU - Wu W AD - College of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260819 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Physiol JT - Frontiers in physiology JID - 101549006 PMC - PMC13534102 OTO - NOTNLM OT - endurance OT - hypoxic acclimatization OT - running economy OT - sub-high altitude OT - youth athletes COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/03 12:09 MHDA- 2026/09/03 12:10 PMCR- 2026/08/19 CRDT- 2026/09/03 09:16 PHST- 2026/06/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/03 12:10 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/03 12:09 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/03 09:16 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fphys.2026.1916986 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Physiol. 2026 Aug 19;17:1916986. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2026.1916986. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42688474 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260903 LR - 20260904 IS - 2624-9367 (Electronic) IS - 2624-9367 (Linking) VI - 8 DP - 2026 TI - Cultural adaptation, validation, and first application of the Canadian assessment of physical literacy (CAPL-2) in Lithuanian primary school children. PG - 1922697 LID - 10.3389/fspor.2026.1922697 [doi] LID - 1922697 AB - INTRODUCTION: Physical literacy is increasingly recognized as a multidimensional construct that supports lifelong engagement in physical activity. Although the Canadian Assessment of Physical Literacy, second edition (CAPL-2), is one of the most widely used instruments for assessing physical literacy in children, no culturally adapted and validated Lithuanian version has previously been available. This study aimed to translate and culturally adapt CAPL-2 for Lithuanian primary school children, evaluate its psychometric properties, and report the findings from its first application in a national sample. METHODS: CAPL-2 was translated and culturally adapted following established international guidelines, including forward-backward translation, expert review, and pilot testing. The adapted instrument was administered to 846 children aged 8-11 years from 10 Lithuanian schools. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlations, confirmatory factor analysis, age- and sex-group comparisons, and internal consistency analyses were performed. RESULTS: The Lithuanian CAPL-2 demonstrated good psychometric properties and retained the original four-domain structure (CFI = .963, TLI = .946, RMSEA = .047, SRMR = .040). The Motivation and Confidence domain showed good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = .867; McDonald's omega = .87). The mean total CAPL-2 score was 70.25/100. Motivation and Confidence showed the highest domain scores, whereas Knowledge and Understanding demonstrated the weakest associations with the remaining domains and no significant correlation with Daily Behavior. Significant age-related differences were observed for Physical Competence and Knowledge and Understanding. CONCLUSION: The Lithuanian version of CAPL-2 is a valid and culturally appropriate instrument for assessing physical literacy in primary school children. The findings support its use in research, education, and public health and provide a foundation for future national and international studies. CI - (c) 2026 Vizbariene, Mieziene, Rutkauskaite and Emeljanovas. FAU - Vizbariene, Audrone AU - Vizbariene A AD - Department of Physical and Social Education, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania. FAU - Mieziene, Brigita AU - Mieziene B AD - Department of Physical and Social Education, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania. FAU - Rutkauskaite, Renata AU - Rutkauskaite R AD - Department of Physical and Social Education, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania. FAU - Emeljanovas, Arunas AU - Emeljanovas A AD - Department of Physical and Social Education, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260819 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Sports Act Living JT - Frontiers in sports and active living JID - 101765780 PMC - PMC13534132 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CAPL-2 OT - cross-cultural adaptation and validation OT - physical education OT - physical literacy OT - primary school children COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The handling editor BO declared a past co-authorship/collaboration ("Compatibility of physical education curricula with physical literacy across 40 European countries") with the authors BM and AE. EDAT- 2026/09/03 12:09 MHDA- 2026/09/03 12:10 PMCR- 2026/08/19 CRDT- 2026/09/03 08:59 PHST- 2026/06/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/03 12:10 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/03 12:09 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/03 08:59 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fspor.2026.1922697 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Sports Act Living. 2026 Aug 19;8:1922697. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2026.1922697. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42688190 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260903 LR - 20260904 IS - 1664-0640 (Print) IS - 1664-0640 (Electronic) IS - 1664-0640 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Clinical correlates of depressed adolescents comorbid with food addiction: a cross-sectional study. PG - 1909728 LID - 10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1909728 [doi] LID - 1909728 AB - BACKGROUND: Food addiction (FA) involves the excessive intake of ultra-processed foods and is prevalent among individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD). Despite this association, evidence regarding FA in adolescents with MDD is limited. This investigation sought to examine the relationship between FA and clinical features in this demographic, aiming to clarify the prevalence of FA and offer theoretical insights for clinical management. METHODS: A total of 194 depressed adolescents were recruited at the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University between September 2022 and June 2025. Validated multidimensional scales were used to assess FA, depression, anxiety, perceived stress, and internet addiction (IA). Subsequently, stepwise regression analysis was performed to identify independent factors of FA, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was conducted for these predictors, with the area under the curve (AUC) calculated. RESULTS: The prevalence of FA in depressed adolescents was 17.5%. Multivariate logistic regression identified BMI (OR = 1.149, 95% CI = 1.051 - 1.257, P = 0.002), anxiety (OR = 1.116, 95% CI = 1.039 - 1.198, P = 0.002), perceived stress (OR = 1.137, 95% CI = 1.030 - 1.254, P = 0.011), and IA (OR = 1.051, 95% CI = 1.020 - 1.083, P = 0.001) as independent risk factors of FA. Furthermore, ROC curve analysis demonstrated that a combined model comprising these four factors exhibited superior discriminatory ability for identifying FA (AUC = 0.861, 95% CI = 0.801 - 0.921, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: FA affects some adolescents with MDD and is closely associated with BMI, anxiety, perceived stress, and IA. Clinicians should integrate screening for this abnormal eating behavior and related psychosocial factors into routine care. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Sun, Liu, Tang, Fan, Hao, Zhang and Liu. FAU - Sun, Liling AU - Sun L AD - Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China. FAU - Liu, Lewei AU - Liu L AD - Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China. FAU - Tang, Pei AU - Tang P AD - Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China. FAU - Fan, Haojie AU - Fan H AD - Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China. FAU - Hao, Mingru AU - Hao M AD - Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China. FAU - Zhang, Kai AU - Zhang K AD - Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China. FAU - Liu, Huanzhong AU - Liu H AD - Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260819 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Psychiatry JT - Frontiers in psychiatry JID - 101545006 PMC - PMC13534092 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescent OT - clinical characteristics OT - food addiction OT - major depressive disorder OT - receiver operating characteristic COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The authors HL, KZ declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision. EDAT- 2026/09/03 12:09 MHDA- 2026/09/03 12:10 PMCR- 2026/08/19 CRDT- 2026/09/03 07:09 PHST- 2026/06/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/03 12:10 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/03 12:09 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/03 07:09 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1909728 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Psychiatry. 2026 Aug 19;17:1909728. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1909728. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42688108 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260903 LR - 20260904 IS - 1664-0640 (Print) IS - 1664-0640 (Electronic) IS - 1664-0640 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Digital health literacy and disordered eating among adolescents: the chain mediating roles of physical activity and problematic social media use. PG - 1937781 LID - 10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1937781 [doi] LID - 1937781 AB - BACKGROUND: Digital environments may increase adolescents' vulnerability to disordered eating through misleading health information and problematic social media use. This study examined the association between digital health literacy and disordered eating, including the independent and serial indirect associations of physical activity and problematic social media use. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 2,206 adolescents recruited from five secondary schools using purposive and convenience sampling. Participants had a mean age of 14.50 years (SD = 1.76). Digital health literacy, disordered eating, physical activity, and problematic social media use were assessed using validated scales. Correlation and bootstrap-based regression analyses were conducted to estimate the specific and serial indirect associations. RESULTS: Digital health literacy was negatively associated with disordered eating and problematic social media use and positively associated with physical activity. The total association between digital health literacy and disordered eating was -0.324 (95% CI [-0.365, -0.283]), including a direct association of -0.135 (95% CI [-0.177, -0.092]). Indirect associations were observed through physical activity (-0.098, 95% CI [-0.121, -0.077]), problematic social media use (-0.072, 95% CI [-0.089, -0.057]), and physical activity followed by problematic social media use (-0.019, 95% CI [-0.024, -0.015]). CONCLUSION: Digital health literacy was associated with disordered eating through independent and serial indirect associations involving physical activity and problematic social media use. These findings suggest the value of coordinated school- and family-based strategies integrating digital health literacy education, physical activity promotion, responsible social media use, and early identification of disordered eating. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Ding, Zhao, Qu, Tang, Shang, Lyu and Li. FAU - Ding, Xuyao AU - Ding X AD - College of Physical Education, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China. FAU - Zhao, Chuyuan AU - Zhao C AD - College of Physical Education, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China. FAU - Qu, Jiaqi AU - Qu J AD - College of Physical Education, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China. FAU - Tang, Chen AU - Tang C AD - College of Physical Education, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China. FAU - Shang, Chuxi AU - Shang C AD - College of Physical Education, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China. FAU - Lyu, Jianing AU - Lyu J AD - Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Psychology, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China. FAU - Li, Zhen AU - Li Z AD - School of Physical Education, Henan Kaifeng College of Science Technology and Communication, Kaifeng, Henan, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260819 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Psychiatry JT - Frontiers in psychiatry JID - 101545006 PMC - PMC13533913 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - digital health literacy OT - disordered eating OT - physical activity OT - problematic social media use COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/03 12:09 MHDA- 2026/09/03 12:10 PMCR- 2026/08/19 CRDT- 2026/09/03 06:24 PHST- 2026/07/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/31 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/03 12:10 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/03 12:09 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/03 06:24 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1937781 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Psychiatry. 2026 Aug 19;17:1937781. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1937781. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42687936 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260903 LR - 20260904 IS - 2813-2890 (Electronic) IS - 2813-2890 (Linking) VI - 5 DP - 2026 TI - Exploring nightly variability in sleep apnea and changes in severity classification with multi night sleep testing in a population based cohort of young children. PG - 1903809 LID - 10.3389/frsle.2026.1903809 [doi] LID - 1903809 AB - BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is typically evaluated with single-night sleep studies. In adults, night-to-night variability (NtNV) is well documented, but less so in children. The current study evaluated NtNV in apnea events for misclassification in disease severity in young children to investigate if multi-night sleep-recordings may be clinically relevant to improve diagnostic accuracy and affect treatment decisions. METHODS: Parents/guardians of healthy 4-9-year-old children participating in a study to evaluate prevalence of OSA were asked to record the child's sleep for up to 5-nights. This analysis is from children who completed three consecutive night sleep recordings. RESULTS: Average age of participants was 6.1 years (n = 200, 58.0%-girls/42.0%-boys), prevalence of overweight/obesity was 25% and moderate-severe-OSA (AHI(3%) >/= 5) based on single-night testing protocol was 29.0%. Using the highest AHI(3%) value from the three recordings, the first-night correctly identified 57.0% of participants and adding a second night identified 86.0% of participants, with 14% of participants not identified until the third night of sleep testing.Bland-Altman plots (BA(plots)) demonstrated non-statistically significant mean-differences and 95% upper and lower-limits (LOA(95%)) close in absolute terms night-one/night-two; -0.024 events/hour-of-sleep LOA(95%) [-5.062, 5.013], 8.0% of observations outside the LOA(95%) (p = 0.894) and night-two/night-three; -0.009 events/hour of sleep, LOA(95%) [-5.227, 5.209] and 6.0% of observations outside LOA(95%), (p = 0.9620).The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) for AHI(3%) for all 3 nights was 0.45 [0.37, 0.54], p < 0.001, for night-one/night-two (0.44; p < 0.001), and night-two/night-three (0.44; p < 0.001). Cohens Kappa (0.304-0.462) and Brennan-Prediger Kappa (0.403-0.490), respectively indicated low-to-moderate interrater agreement, with quadratic-weighted Cohen's Kappa for the four ordinal severity categories of 0.37 and 0.48 for the two night-pairs, demonstrating NtNV, which is consistent with the variability demonstrated by the BA(plots). CONCLUSION: Observed NtNV in apnea events affected severity categorization, suggesting that multi-night sleep testing may have clinical value and improve accuracy of sleep apnea evaluation in young children. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: URL: clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05479201, identifier NCT0547920 . CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Magnusdottir, Ingolfsdottir, Hilmisson, Hrolfsdottir, Birkisson, Hallgrimsdottir, Johannesdottir and Petersen. FAU - Magnusdottir, Solveig AU - Magnusdottir S AD - MyCardio LLC, Denver, CO, United States. FAU - Ingolfsdottir, Ingibjorg AU - Ingolfsdottir I AD - Akureyri Hospital, Pediatrics, Akureyri, Iceland. AD - University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland. FAU - Hilmisson, Hugi AU - Hilmisson H AD - MyCardio LLC, Denver, CO, United States. FAU - Hrolfsdottir, Laufey AU - Hrolfsdottir L AD - Institution of Health Science Research, University of Akureyri and Akureyri Hospital, Akureyri, Iceland. FAU - Birkisson, Magnus AU - Birkisson M AD - Akureyri Hospital, Ear Nose Throat, Akureyri, Iceland. FAU - Hallgrimsdottir, Erla AU - Hallgrimsdottir E AD - Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. FAU - Johannesdottir, Groa AU - Johannesdottir G AD - Akureyri Hospital, Pediatrics, Akureyri, Iceland. FAU - Petersen, Hannes AU - Petersen H AD - University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland. AD - Akureyri Hospital, Ear Nose Throat, Akureyri, Iceland. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT05479201 PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260819 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Sleep JT - Frontiers in sleep JID - 9918451286706676 PMC - PMC13533644 OTO - NOTNLM OT - apnea hypopnea index OT - children OT - diagnostic accuracy OT - night-to-night variability OT - sleep apnea COIS- SM was employed by MyCardio LLC. The remaining author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author HP declared being an editorial board member of Vestibular Disorders, Frontiers in Audiology and Otology, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision. EDAT- 2026/09/03 12:09 MHDA- 2026/09/03 12:10 PMCR- 2026/08/19 CRDT- 2026/09/03 05:18 PHST- 2026/06/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/03 12:10 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/03 12:09 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/03 05:18 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/frsle.2026.1903809 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Sleep. 2026 Aug 19;5:1903809. doi: 10.3389/frsle.2026.1903809. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42687173 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260903 LR - 20260905 IS - 1472-6831 (Electronic) IS - 1472-6831 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Aug 13 TI - Population-adapted Nolla method for dental age estimation in Northwestern Romanian children. LID - 10.1186/s12903-026-09588-6 [doi] LID - 1654 AB - OBJECTIVES: Accurate dental age (DA) estimation is essential in pediatric dentistry, orthodontic treatment planning, and forensic practice; however, the applicability of international reference standards varies across populations. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of a population-adapted Nolla method for dental age estimation in children from northwestern Romania and to compare its performance with the original approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on 860 digital panoramic radiographs of children aged 3-15 years. Dental development was assessed using the Nolla staging system, and a third-degree polynomial regression model was developed to estimate chronological age (CA) based on the total Nolla score. Model performance was evaluated using coefficient of determination (R(2)), five-fold cross-validation, and non-parametric statistical tests. RESULTS: The original Nolla method underestimated CA by approximately 1.5 years. The population-specific model showed strong predictive performance (R(2) = 0.846; cross-validated R(2) = 0.84) and close agreement between estimated DA and CA (mean difference 0.000 +/- 0.976 years; p = 0.983). Accuracy was stable across most age groups, although larger deviations were observed after 12 years. Girls showed slightly more advanced dental maturation than boys, but differences were clinically small. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed population-calibrated equation eliminates systematic bias and provides a reliable tool for dental age estimation in children from northwestern Romania, although external validation is recommended. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Moga, Ligia Ioana AU - Moga LI AD - Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania. FAU - Iurcov, Raluca AU - Iurcov R AD - Department of Dental Medicine, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania. FAU - Moca, Abel Emanuel AU - Moca AE AD - Department of Dental Medicine, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania. abelmoca@uoradea.ro. FAU - Csep, Andrei AU - Csep A AD - Department of Psycho-Neurosciences and Recovery, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania. csep.andrei@gmail.com. FAU - Slavescu, Dan AU - Slavescu D AD - Department of Dental Medicine, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania. FAU - Dima, Raluca AU - Dima R AD - Department of Dental Medicine, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania. FAU - Vaida, Ligia Luminita AU - Vaida LL AD - Department of Dental Medicine, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260813 PL - England TA - BMC Oral Health JT - BMC oral health JID - 101088684 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Age Determination by Teeth/methods MH - Romania MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Radiography, Panoramic MH - Female MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - Reproducibility of Results PMC - PMC13536641 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Dental age estimation OT - Dental maturation OT - Nolla method OT - Romanian children COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki (1964) and its subsequent amendments. Ethical approval was obtained from the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea (Approval No. CEFMF/1, issued on 30 July 2024). Written informed consent was obtained from the parents or legal guardians for the use of anonymized radiographic data for research purposes. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/09/03 05:37 MHDA- 2026/09/03 05:38 PMCR- 2026/08/13 CRDT- 2026/09/03 02:01 PHST- 2026/03/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/03 05:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/03 05:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/03 02:01 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12903-026-09588-6 [pii] AID - 9588 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12903-026-09588-6 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Oral Health. 2026 Aug 13;26(1):1654. doi: 10.1186/s12903-026-09588-6. PMID- 42684739 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260902 IS - 1939-3229 (Electronic) IS - 1939-3210 (Linking) DP - 2026 Sep 2 TI - Organochlorine pesticide residues in cow's milk, honey, and poultry eggs in Algiers, Algeria, and associated health risk. PG - 1-13 LID - 10.1080/19393210.2026.2714426 [doi] AB - Organochlorine pesticide residues were determined in 180 animal-derived food samples (cow's milk, honey, and poultry eggs) from three zones in Algiers (Rouiba, Zeralda, and Beraki) to evaluate their chronic non-carcinogenic health risks. Method validation using GC-MS demonstrated high precision and linearity (R(2) > 0.995), satisfactory recovery rates (76.9-91.4%) and LOQs of 0.001-0.009 microg/kg. Analysis revealed a pronounced geographic profile, positioning Beraki as a major environmental hotspot, with mean levels up to 15.18 microg/kg for endrin in milk, 11.44 microg/kg for gamma-BHC in honey, and 39.46 microg/kg for gamma-BHC in eggs. While dietary intake from Rouiba and Zeralda proved to be toxicologically safe, the cumulative hazard indices (HIs) for infants consuming Beraki-sourced milk (HI = 1.19) and honey (HI = 1.55) exceeded the threshold of 1. Conversely, poultry egg consumption was considered to be safe across all regions (HI < 1). These findings highlight a localised public health concern for the local population in Beraki. FAU - Chebli, Akli Islem AU - Chebli AI AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9242-9733 AD - Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medical Sciences, Algiers, Algeria. AD - Research and Development Department, National Center of Toxicology, Algiers, Algeria. FAU - Iko Afe, O Herbert AU - Iko Afe OH AD - Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Agronomic Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin. FAU - Uc-Peraza, Russell Giovanni AU - Uc-Peraza RG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4014-3172 AD - Division de Ciencias, Ingenieria Y Tecnologia, Universidad Autonoma Del Estado de Quintana Roo (UAEQROO), Chetumal, Mexico. FAU - Kindossi, Janvier Melegnonfan AU - Kindossi JM AD - Laboratory of Applied Modelling in Nutrition and Food Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Parakou, Algiers, Benin. FAU - Fassinou, Grace L Setondji AU - Fassinou GLS AD - Laboratory of Human Nutrition and Valorization of Food Bio-Ingredients, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, Jericho Cotonou, Benin. FAU - Mehouel, Fetta AU - Mehouel F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9771-2183 AD - Laboratory of Research Food Hygiene and Quality Insurance System (HASAQ), Institute of Veterinary Sciences, University of Constantine 1, Constantine, Algeria. AD - Department of Veterinary Sciences, Higher National Veterinary School of Algiers (ENSV- Alger), Algiers, Algeria. FAU - Zergui, Anissa AU - Zergui A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8074-4082 AD - Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oran, Oran, Algeria. FAU - Amziane, Ahmed AU - Amziane A AD - Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medical Sciences, Algiers, Algeria. AD - Research and Development Department, National Center of Toxicology, Algiers, Algeria. FAU - Abdennour, Sara AU - Abdennour S AD - Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Setif 1, Setif, Algeria. FAU - Zebbiche, Younes AU - Zebbiche Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1427-8025 AD - Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medical Sciences, Algiers, Algeria. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260902 PL - England TA - Food Addit Contam Part B Surveill JT - Food additives & contaminants. Part B, Surveillance JID - 101317183 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Algeria OT - Organochlorine pesticides OT - animal-derived food OT - cow's milk OT - health risk assessment OT - honey OT - poultry eggs EDAT- 2026/09/03 01:13 MHDA- 2026/09/03 01:13 CRDT- 2026/09/02 12:01 PHST- 2026/09/03 01:13 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/03 01:13 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/02 12:01 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/19393210.2026.2714426 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Food Addit Contam Part B Surveill. 2026 Sep 2:1-13. doi: 10.1080/19393210.2026.2714426. PMID- 42683142 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260902 LR - 20260903 IS - 2168-8184 (Print) IS - 2168-8184 (Electronic) IS - 2168-8184 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Quality Assessment of Complementary Feeding (CF) Practices Using CF Index and Determining Its Association With Sociodemographic Factors Among Children Aged 6-23 Months in District Etawah, Uttar Pradesh, India: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study. PG - e113808 LID - 10.7759/cureus.113808 [doi] LID - e113808 AB - BACKGROUND: Achieving nutritionally sufficient and well-timed supplementary feeding is central to sustaining physical growth, brain maturation, and immunological competence in infants and toddlers from 6 through 23 months. The Complementary Feeding Index (CFI) functions as an integrated multi-component instrument designed to quantify the overall adequacy of young child nutrition at the household level. OBJECTIVE: This investigation sought to appraise complementary feeding adequacy via the CFI and explore its associations with sociodemographic characteristics among children between 6 and 23 months of age in Etawah district, Uttar Pradesh, India. METHODS: This community-based cross-sectional analytical study recruited 416 children aged 6-23 months across rural and urban localities of Etawah district between January 2024 and February 2026. Household data were obtained through a validated, pre-piloted structured interview tool. CFI sub-indicators were evaluated: breastfeeding continuation, bottle use, age-appropriateness of complementary food introduction, dietary variety, food group coverage, and meal frequency. Anthropometric indices were measured with calibrated instruments, and all data were processed in Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS, version 26.0; IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Armonk, NY). RESULTS: Breastfeeding was ongoing in 70.9% of children; 35.6% were bottle-fed. Supplementary foods at the recommended six-month milestone were given in 52.2% of cases. Minimum dietary diversity (MDD) was met by 22.1%, minimum meal frequency (MMF) by 59.4%, and minimum acceptable diet (MAD) by only 13.9%. Overall, CFI classification placed 43% of children in the appropriate and 57% in the inappropriate feeding category. CONCLUSION: Supplementary feeding quality in Etawah district is far below recommended thresholds, with 57% the children unable to achieve adequate dietary diversity or a MAD. Sustained investment in nutrition counselling, frontline workforce skill-building, and locally tailored community programmes is essential to reverse these deficits and improve child nutrition. CI - Copyright (c) 2026, Prajapati et al. FAU - Prajapati, Balram AU - Prajapati B AD - Community Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences (UPUMS), Saifai, IND. FAU - Maurya, Adarsh AU - Maurya A AD - Community Medicine, Uma Nath Singh Autonomous State Medical College, Jaunpur, IND. FAU - Prajapati, Neelam AU - Prajapati N AD - Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, King George's Medical University (KGMU), Lucknow, IND. FAU - Rani, Vidya AU - Rani V AD - Community Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences (UPUMS), Saifai, IND. FAU - Singh, Naresh P AU - Singh NP AD - Community Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences (UPUMS), Saifai, IND. FAU - Jain, Pankaj AU - Jain P AD - Community Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences (UPUMS), Saifai, IND. FAU - Kaur, Gagan AU - Kaur G AD - Community Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences (UPUMS), Saifai, IND. FAU - Shukla, Sushil AU - Shukla S AD - Community Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences (UPUMS), Saifai, IND. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260802 PL - United States TA - Cureus JT - Cureus JID - 101596737 PMC - PMC13532554 OTO - NOTNLM OT - complementary feeding OT - complementary feeding index OT - dietary diversity OT - infant and young child feeding OT - malnutrition COIS- Human subjects: Informed consent for treatment and open access publication was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Institutional Ethics Committee, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Etawah (U.P.) issued approval 45/Cert./ICE/UPUMS/2024-2025. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work. EDAT- 2026/09/02 11:39 MHDA- 2026/09/02 11:40 PMCR- 2026/08/02 CRDT- 2026/09/02 09:01 PHST- 2026/07/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/02 11:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/02 11:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/02 09:01 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.7759/cureus.113808 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cureus. 2026 Aug 2;18(8):e113808. doi: 10.7759/cureus.113808. eCollection 2026 Aug. PMID- 42682444 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260902 LR - 20260903 IS - 1664-1078 (Print) IS - 1664-1078 (Electronic) IS - 1664-1078 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Physical activity relates to adolescent social anxiety: evidence from a structural equation model involving resilience and self-efficacy. PG - 1862222 LID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1862222 [doi] LID - 1862222 AB - BACKGROUND: Physical activity is consistently associated with reduced anxiety in adolescents, yet the psychological mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear. This study examined whether resilience and self-efficacy independently and sequentially mediated the association between physical activity and social anxiety. METHODS: A cross-sectional design was used with 986 Chinese adolescents. Physical activity, resilience, self-efficacy, and social anxiety were assessed using validated scales (PARS-3, CD-RISC, GSES, and SASC). Structural equation modeling was conducted in R, and indirect effects were tested using bias-corrected bootstrap procedures with 5,000 resamples. RESULTS: Physical activity was significantly associated with lower social anxiety both directly (beta = -0.420, p < 0.001) and indirectly. The indirect association through resilience was significant [beta = -0.049, 95% CI [-0.064, -0.035]], whereas the indirect effect through self-efficacy and the serial mediation pathway were not significant. Absolute fit indices were acceptable (RMSEA = 0.064, SRMR = 0.073), but the incremental fit indices fell below conventional thresholds (CFI = 0.805, TLI = 0.796); the structural estimates should therefore be interpreted with corresponding caution. CONCLUSIONS: These findings are consistent with a model in which resilience functions as a proximal correlate linking physical activity to lower social anxiety, whereas general self-efficacy did not emerge as a significant mediator in this cross-sectional sample. Given the study design and the modest incremental fit of the model, these pathways should be read as theoretically plausible associations rather than causal effects. The results nonetheless underscore the potential value of fostering resilience within physical activity interventions, and they identify longitudinal designs and domain-specific efficacy measures as priorities for future research. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Wang, Chen, Li, Yang, Chen, Shi, Lv and Lipowski. FAU - Wang, Ning AU - Wang N AD - Department of Physical Education, Lanzhou Institute of Technology, Lanzhou, Gansu, China. FAU - Chen, Ye AU - Chen Y AD - School of Business, China West Normal University, Nanchong, China. FAU - Li, Mengmeng AU - Li M AD - Chongqing Metropolitan College of Science and Technology, Chongqing, China. FAU - Yang, Jifan AU - Yang J AD - Jinding First Primary School, Zhuhai High tech Zone, Zhuhai, China. FAU - Chen, Fangting AU - Chen F AD - Jingyang Primary School, Zhuhai High tech Zone, Zhuhai, China. FAU - Shi, Yijie AU - Shi Y AD - Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, Poland. FAU - Lv, Rujun AU - Lv R AD - Zhongshan University Affiliated Houhuan Primary School in the High-tech Zone of Zhuhai City, Zhuhai, China. FAU - Lipowski, Mariusz AU - Lipowski M AD - WSB Merito University in Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260818 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Psychol JT - Frontiers in psychology JID - 101550902 PMC - PMC13529522 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - physical activity OT - resilience OT - self-efficacy OT - social anxiety COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/02 11:39 MHDA- 2026/09/02 11:40 PMCR- 2026/08/18 CRDT- 2026/09/02 05:23 PHST- 2026/04/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/02 11:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/02 11:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/02 05:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1862222 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Psychol. 2026 Aug 18;17:1862222. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1862222. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42681656 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260902 LR - 20260923 IS - 1479-5876 (Electronic) IS - 1479-5876 (Linking) VI - 24 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Aug 31 TI - Human milk microbiome as a modulator of the early-life gut-brain axis: mechanisms and translational opportunities for neurodevelopment. LID - 10.1186/s12967-026-08844-1 [doi] LID - 1125 AB - The first 1000 days of life represent a critical developmental window during which early microbial colonization contributes to immune, metabolic, and neurodevelopmental programming. Human milk is increasingly recognized as a biologically active fluid that shapes infant gut microbiome assembly through microorganisms, human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), immune factors, and microbial metabolites. Within this framework, the human milk microbiome has emerged as a potential contributor to the milk-gut-brain axis (MGBA), a bidirectional communication network linking the gut microbiota with neural, immune, endocrine, and metabolic pathways involved in brain development. This review summarizes current evidence regarding the origins, determinants, and functional relevance of the human milk microbiome and its potential role in early-life neurodevelopment. Proposed microbial sources include maternal skin, the infant oral cavity, environmental exposure, and the entero-mammary pathway, while key determinants include lactational stage, delivery mode, antibiotic exposure, maternal diet, obesity, and prematurity. Mechanistic pathways linking milk-associated microbes with neurodevelopment are discussed, including microbial colonization, immune and barrier maturation, vagal and neuroendocrine signalling, and production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and tryptophan-derived metabolites. We further evaluate evidence relating breastfeeding and milk-associated microbial exposures to cognitive, behavioural, and neurodevelopmental outcomes, particularly in preterm and medically vulnerable infants. Although experimental and observational evidence supports biologically plausible links between the human milk microbiome and the developing microbiota-gut-brain axis, major uncertainties remain regarding microbial viability, sustained colonization, causality, and long-term functional significance. Methodological limitations, including low microbial biomass, contamination susceptibility, and heterogeneity in analytical approaches, continue to complicate interpretation across studies. Future progress will require longitudinal, mechanistically informed studies integrating microbiome profiling with metabolomics, immune phenotyping, neuroimaging, and validated neurodevelopmental outcomes. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Alnuaimi, Fatima AU - Alnuaimi F AD - Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates. FAU - Yassin, Lidya K AU - Yassin LK AD - Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates. FAU - Alketbi, Salma AU - Alketbi S AD - Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates. FAU - Skrabulyte-Barbulescu, Jurga AU - Skrabulyte-Barbulescu J AD - The Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King s College London, London, UK. FAU - Almazrouei, Saif AU - Almazrouei S AD - Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates. FAU - Alremeithi, Dana AU - Alremeithi D AD - Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates. FAU - Alahbabi, Noud AU - Alahbabi N AD - Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates. FAU - Almarzooqi, Sultan AU - Almarzooqi S AD - Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates. FAU - Alkuwaiti, Shamma H AU - Alkuwaiti SH AD - Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates. FAU - Hamad, Mohammad I K AU - Hamad MIK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7413-0305 AD - Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates. m.hamad@uaeu.ac.ae. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20260831 PL - England TA - J Transl Med JT - Journal of translational medicine JID - 101190741 SB - IM EIN - J Transl Med. 2026 Sep 15;24(1):1184. doi: 10.1186/s12967-026-08990-6. PMID: 42745312 MH - Humans MH - *Milk, Human/microbiology MH - *Neurodevelopment MH - *Brain/growth & development MH - *Gastrointestinal Microbiome MH - *Translational Research, Biomedical MH - *Microbiota MH - Infant, Newborn MH - *Translational Science, Biomedical PMC - PMC13536827 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Breastfeeding OT - Human milk microbiome OT - Human milk oligosaccharides OT - Infant gut microbiota OT - Microbial metabolites OT - Milk-gut-brain axis OT - Neurodevelopment OT - Preterm infants COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Not applicable. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interest. EDAT- 2026/09/02 05:36 MHDA- 2026/09/02 05:37 PMCR- 2026/08/31 CRDT- 2026/09/02 01:17 PHST- 2026/05/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/02 05:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/02 05:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/02 01:17 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12967-026-08844-1 [pii] AID - 8844 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12967-026-08844-1 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Transl Med. 2026 Aug 31;24(1):1125. doi: 10.1186/s12967-026-08844-1. PMID- 42680952 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260916 LR - 20260918 IS - 1546-170X (Electronic) IS - 1078-8956 (Print) IS - 1078-8956 (Linking) VI - 32 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Isthmin-2 is a first-trimester predictor of preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction. PG - 3351-3358 LID - 10.1038/s41591-026-04573-6 [doi] AB - Preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction (FGR) are major causes of global morbidity and mortality. Both conditions are associated with impaired invasion of the uterus by extravillous trophoblast (EVT). We performed proteomics in maternal serum obtained at ~12 weeks of gestational age in a prospective pregnancy cohort (Pregnancy Outcome Prediction Study). Here we show that low maternal serum isthmin-2 (ISM2) was the strongest protein signal (out of 2,904) in the first trimester of pregnancy for preeclampsia or FGR. We validated the association in two independent cohorts (Pregnancy Outcome Prediction Study 2 and Improving Maternal Pregnancy And Child ouTcomes study). ISM2 protein and mRNA are almost exclusively produced in the placenta, and, within the placenta, ISM2 mRNA is highly enriched in EVT. Knocking down ISM2 in cultured human trophoblast stem cells profoundly inhibited EVT invasion. Conversely, expressing ISM2 in a cell line lacking endogenous ISM2 (HEK293 cells) promoted migration. We conclude that ISM2 may be causally involved in the early pathophysiology of failed trophoblast invasion and that the protein and its associated pathways are potential targets for the prediction and prevention of preeclampsia and FGR. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Miao, Ruoyu AU - Miao R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6125-4467 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Cambridge; NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK. AD - The Loke Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. FAU - Gong, Sungsam AU - Gong S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5796-4423 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Cambridge; NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK. AD - The Loke Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. FAU - Sovio, Ulla AU - Sovio U AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0799-1105 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Cambridge; NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK. AD - The Loke Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. FAU - Aye, Irving L M H AU - Aye ILMH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3400-5005 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Cambridge; NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK. AD - The Loke Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. AD - Wellcome - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. FAU - Avellino, Giulia AU - Avellino G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7413-0217 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Cambridge; NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK. AD - The Loke Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. FAU - Guettler, Jacqueline AU - Guettler J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8141-5712 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Cambridge; NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK. AD - The Loke Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. FAU - Rogers, Stephanie N AU - Rogers SN AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Cambridge; NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK. FAU - Cook, Emma AU - Cook E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6142-4443 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Cambridge; NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK. FAU - Toribio, Ana AU - Toribio A AD - Stratified Medicine Core Laboratory, Department of Genomic Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. FAU - Bergman, Lina AU - Bergman L AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden. AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden. AD - Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa. AD - Wallenberg Center of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. FAU - Lager, Susanne AU - Lager S AD - Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. FAU - Wikstrom, Anna-Karin AU - Wikstrom AK AD - Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden. CN - IMPACT Consortium FAU - Kirk, Paul D W AU - Kirk PDW AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5931-7489 AD - MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. FAU - Charnock-Jones, D Stephen AU - Charnock-Jones DS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2936-4890 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Cambridge; NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK. dscj1@cam.ac.uk. AD - The Loke Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. dscj1@cam.ac.uk. FAU - Smith, Gordon C S AU - Smith GCS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2124-0997 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Cambridge; NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK. gcss2@cam.ac.uk. AD - The Loke Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. gcss2@cam.ac.uk. LA - eng GR - WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom GR - MR/Z504440/1/RCUK | Medical Research Council (MRC)/ GR - MR/W027046/1/RCUK | Medical Research Council (MRC)/ GR - 215524/Z/19/Z/Wellcome Trust (Wellcome)/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260901 PL - United States TA - Nat Med JT - Nature medicine JID - 9502015 RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Pre-Eclampsia/blood/diagnosis MH - Pregnancy MH - *Fetal Growth Retardation/blood/diagnosis/genetics MH - *Pregnancy Trimester, First/blood MH - Extravillous Trophoblasts/metabolism MH - Cell Movement MH - Trophoblasts/metabolism MH - Placenta/metabolism MH - Adult MH - HEK293 Cells MH - Prospective Studies MH - RNA, Messenger/metabolism PMC - PMC13577898 COIS- Competing interests: The authors declare the following competing interests: G.C.S.S. and D.S.C.-J. have received research support from Roche Diagnostics Ltd for studies of diagnostics and screening for fetal growth restriction and preeclampsia. G.C.S.S.'s department has received payment from Roche for a talk given by G.C.S.S. (fetal growth restriction). G.C.S.S. has been a paid consultant to GSK (preterm birth) and has been a member of a Data Monitoring Committee for GSK trials of respiratory syncytial virus vaccination in pregnancy. G.C.S.S. is currently a member of a Data Monitoring Committee for respiratory syncytial virus vaccination in pregnancy (Moderna) and chairs a Data Monitoring Committee for a hyperemesis gravidarum therapeutic trial (NG Biopharmaceuticals). G.C.S.S. and D.S.C.-J. have received nonfinancial support from Illumina. G.C.S.S. and D.S.C.-J. have received support from Pfizer and Sera Prognostics (outside the scope of this work). Cambridge Enterprise (UK) has filed a patent relating to the work described in this paper, with G.C.S.S., D.S.C.-J., P.D.W.K., S.G., R.M., U.S. and I.L.M.H.A. as the named inventors. The patent has been licensed to Medicines360 (San Francisco, USA). G.C.S.S. and D.S.C.-J. are paid consultants to Medicines360. D.S.C.-J. is a paid consultant to GondolaBio. L.B. and A.-K.W. have received reagents for PlGF and/or sFlt1 from Roche, Perkin Elmer and Thermo Fischer. L.B. has received drugs and placebo for a preeclampsia intervention trial from Merck Damstadt. L.B. consults for DiaMedica and Arraka therapeutics, which are invested in finding new treatments for preeclampsia. The other authors declare no competing interests. FIR - Carlsson, Ylva IR - Carlsson Y FIR - Hansson, Stefan R IR - Hansson SR FIR - Lindgren, Peter IR - Lindgren P FIR - Larsson, Anders IR - Larsson A FIR - Conner, Peter IR - Conner P FIR - Zancanaro, Alice IR - Zancanaro A FIR - Kublickas, Marius IR - Kublickas M FIR - Sandstrom, Anna IR - Sandstrom A EDAT- 2026/09/02 05:36 MHDA- 2026/09/16 05:36 PMCR- 2026/09/01 CRDT- 2026/09/02 00:39 PHST- 2025/09/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/16 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/02 05:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/02 00:39 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41591-026-04573-6 [pii] AID - 4573 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41591-026-04573-6 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nat Med. 2026 Sep;32(9):3351-3358. doi: 10.1038/s41591-026-04573-6. Epub 2026 Sep 1. PMID- 42680256 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260901 LR - 20260901 IS - 1938-3207 (Electronic) IS - 0002-9165 (Linking) VI - 124 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Low-burden metrics for monitoring healthy diets among nonpregnant females aged 15 to 49 years: a multicountry validation analysis using quantitative 24-hour dietary intake data. PG - 101387 LID - S0002-9165(26)00196-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2026.101387 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Limited nationally representative quantitative dietary intake data and a lack of consensus on lower-burden tools and metrics hinder high-frequency monitoring of healthy diets globally. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the comparative construct validity and potential complementarity of low-burden metrics of a healthy diet among nonpregnant females aged 15 to 49 y. METHODS: Quantitative 24-h dietary intake data collected from 77,118 adolescent and adult females across 27 countries were used to construct low-burden metrics and reference metrics of dietary intake. Associations between mean-standardized low-burden measures or indicators and reference metrics were assessed using linear and logistic mixed-effect models, with Spearman's rho used for survey-level rank correlations. Test characteristics identified low-burden indicators best differentiated adherence to reference indicators. RESULTS: An indicator reflecting nonconsumption of sweet foods and/or sweet beverages was most robustly associated with greater adherence to <10% energy from free sugars in upper-middle-income countries odds ratio [OR] [95% confidence interval (CI)]: 5.35 [5.05, 5.66]. Food group diversity score (FGDS) was most strongly associated with and differentiated higher mean adequacy ratio of micronutrients [beta of 1-standard deviation (SD) change: approximately 11 percentage points (9, 12); rho: 0.79], whereas noncommunicable disease-Protect score best reflected consumption of >/=400 g/d of fruits and vegetables [range OR of 1-SD changes (95% CI): 2.56-3.01 (2.40, 3.13) in lower-middle and high-income countries, respectively; rho: 0.56]. FGDS and Global Diet Quality Score Positive were most consistently associated with achieving >/=25 g/d of fiber and >/=3510 mg/d of potassium across contexts. CONCLUSIONS: Low-burden data collection tools yield valid metrics, enabling high-frequency monitoring of healthy diets across contexts. Specifically, avoiding sweet foods and/or sweet beverages is an indicator for adherence to WHO free sugar guidelines among nonpregnant females in upper-middle-income countries, whereas metrics reflecting nutritious food group diversity strongly reflect better micronutrient adequacy and adherence to WHO guidelines for fruits and vegetables, fiber, and potassium intakes within and across contexts. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Hanley-Cook, Giles T AU - Hanley-Cook GT AD - Food and Nutrition Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: giles.hanleycook@fao.org. FAU - Frongillo, Edward A AU - Frongillo EA AD - Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behaviour, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States. FAU - Sattamini, Isabela Fleury AU - Sattamini IF AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. FAU - Ingenbleek, Luc AU - Ingenbleek L AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. FAU - Coates, Jennifer C AU - Coates JC AD - The Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States. FAU - Holmes, Bridget A AU - Holmes BA AD - Food and Nutrition Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy. CN - Healthy Diets Monitoring Initiative (HDMI) LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260813 PL - United States TA - Am J Clin Nutr JT - The American journal of clinical nutrition JID - 0376027 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Diet, Healthy MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Young Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - Energy Intake MH - Diet Surveys OTO - NOTNLM OT - GDQS OT - MDD-W OT - UPF OT - construct validity OT - dietary diversity OT - healthy diets OT - macronutrient balance OT - moderation OT - monitoring OT - nutrient adequacy COIS- Conflict of interest EF is a member of the Statistical Review Board of the American Society for Nutrition. The authors report no conflicts of interest. FIR - Aguayo, Victor IR - Aguayo V IRAD- Data and Analytics Section, Division of Data, Analytics, Planning and Monitoring, United Nations Children's Fund, New York, NY, United States. FIR - Branca, Francesco IR - Branca F IRAD- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. FIR - Borghi, Elaine IR - Borghi E IRAD- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. FIR - Coates, Jennifer C IR - Coates JC IRAD- The Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States. FIR - Frongillo, Edward A IR - Frongillo EA IRAD- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behaviour, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States. FIR - Hanley-Cook, Giles T IR - Hanley-Cook GT IRAD- Food and Nutrition Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy. FIR - Hassfurter, Karoline IR - Hassfurter K IRAD- Data and Analytics Section, Division of Data, Analytics, Planning and Monitoring, United Nations Children's Fund, New York, NY, United States. FIR - Hayashi, Chika IR - Hayashi C IRAD- Data and Analytics Section, Division of Data, Analytics, Planning and Monitoring, United Nations Children's Fund, New York, NY, United States. FIR - Holmes, Bridget A IR - Holmes BA IRAD- Food and Nutrition Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy. FIR - Ingenbleek, Luc IR - Ingenbleek L IRAD- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. FIR - Mehra, Vrinda IR - Mehra V IRAD- Data and Analytics Section, Division of Data, Analytics, Planning and Monitoring, United Nations Children's Fund, New York, NY, United States. FIR - Neufeld, Lynnette M IR - Neufeld LM IRAD- Food and Nutrition Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy. FIR - Saha, Kuntal IR - Saha K IRAD- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. FIR - Sattamini, Isabella Fleury IR - Sattamini IF IRAD- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. EDAT- 2026/09/01 23:34 MHDA- 2026/09/01 23:35 CRDT- 2026/09/01 20:54 PHST- 2025/09/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/01 23:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/01 23:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/01 20:54 [entrez] AID - S0002-9165(26)00196-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2026.101387 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Am J Clin Nutr. 2026 Sep;124(3):101387. doi: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2026.101387. Epub 2026 Aug 13. PMID- 42680155 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260901 IS - 1753-4887 (Electronic) IS - 0029-6643 (Linking) DP - 2026 Sep 1 TI - Validity of Nutrition Screening Tools for Risk of Malnutrition Among Pediatric Oncology Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. LID - nuag120 [pii] LID - 10.1093/nutrit/nuag120 [doi] AB - CONTEXT: The lack of standardized procedures for malnutrition risk screening in the pediatric oncology population. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the validity of nutritional screening tools for identifying the risk of malnutrition in pediatric oncology patients. DATA SOURCES: A systematic review of studies identified in 4 databases (Web of Science, Scopus, OVID and CINAHL) were searched from inception to April 2025. DATA EXTRACTION: Two reviewers independently screened studies, extracted data, and assessed methodological quality using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 tool. DATA ANALYSIS: Diagnostic accuracy outcomes were analyzed using a Bayesian bivariate random-effects model via MetaBayesDTA. Summary estimates were pooled where applicable, and summary receiver operating characteristic curves were generated to illustrate diagnostic performance. RESULTS: Of 1377 articles retrieved, 7 met inclusion criteria for the systematic review, and 6 were included in the pooled meta-analysis. These studies evaluated 4 different nutrition screening tools, including the Screening Tool for Childhood Cancer (SCAN), Screening Tool for Risk on Nutritional Status and Growth (STRONGkids), Pediatric Yorkhill Malnutrition Score (PYMS), and Screening Tool for the Assessment of Malnutrition in Pediatrics (STAMP). The meta-analysis evaluated the diagnostic performance of 3 nutritional risk screening tools-SCAN, STRONGkids, and PYMS-against anthropometric measurements and/or pediatric Subjective Global Nutritional Assessment (SGNA) as reference standards. SCAN demonstrated good to excellent sensitivity against body mass index (BMI; 89.0%; 95% CrI, 68.8-95.9) and SGNA (95.0%; 95% CrI, 72.9-98.9), though with poor to insufficient specificity. PYMS showed excellent sensitivity (91.0%; 95% CrI, 59.1-97.8), but poor specificity (43.3%; 95% CrI, 26.1-66.6) compared to BMI. CONCLUSION: SCAN and PYMS demonstrated high sensitivity but low specificity in identifying pediatric cancer patients at risk of malnutrition. Future research should focus on validation studies, aimed at standardizing the nutritional risk screening process in the pediatric oncology population. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO registration No. [CRD420251022898]. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the International Life Sciences Institute. FAU - Kangalgil, Melda AU - Kangalgil M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2868-8903 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, 58140, Turkiye. FAU - Meral, Buket AU - Meral B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1664-9333 AD - Department of Child Health and Diseases Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, 61080, Turkiye. FAU - Kucuk Erdol, Ebru AU - Kucuk Erdol E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1182-7807 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, 61080, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260901 PL - United States TA - Nutr Rev JT - Nutrition reviews JID - 0376405 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - cancer OT - child OT - malnutrition OT - malnutrition screening tools OT - meta-analysis OT - nutritional screening EDAT- 2026/09/01 23:34 MHDA- 2026/09/01 23:34 CRDT- 2026/09/01 19:53 PHST- 2026/09/01 23:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/01 23:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/01 19:53 [entrez] AID - 8778819 [pii] AID - 10.1093/nutrit/nuag120 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Nutr Rev. 2026 Sep 1:nuag120. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuag120. PMID- 42677197 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260901 LR - 20260902 IS - 2048-7177 (Print) IS - 2048-7177 (Electronic) IS - 2048-7177 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Alterations in Human Milk Adiponectin, Leptin, Resistin, and microRNAs in Mothers With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Compared With Healthy Controls: A Systematic Review and Network-Based Analysis. PG - e72256 LID - 10.1002/fsn3.72256 [doi] LID - e72256 AB - Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is linked to poor infant metabolic outcomes, potentially via altered human milk (HM) hormones and microRNAs. Since their specific roles remain unclear, this study synthesizes current evidence on HM adipose tissue-derived hormones (particularly adiponectin, leptin, and resistin) and microRNA modifications during gestational diabetes. Firstly, a systematic review following PRISMA 2020 guidelines was conducted (PROSPERO: CRD42024612813). Searches in major databases identified studies comparing HM adiponectin, leptin, or resistin concentrations and/or miRNA profiles between GDM and normoglycemic mothers. Secondly, bioinformatics analysis using miRWalk 3.0, functional enrichment, and network topology mapping examined miRNA interactions with ADIPOQ, LEP, and RETN genes. Twelve studies were included. Adiponectin showed the most consistent GDM-associated reductions, though findings were context-dependent. Leptin was primarily associated with maternal adiposity rather than GDM status. Resistin evidence was insufficient. Three miRNA studies revealed stage-dependent dysregulation in GDM, with miR-148a, miR-30b, let-7a, and let-7d linked to infant growth outcomes during the first 6 months. Bioinformatics identified miR-148a-5p and miR-30b-3p as targeting all three adipokine genes, with enrichment in glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance pathways. Network analysis highlighted TCF7L2, INSR, GCK, and HNF1A as central nodes. GDM is associated with selective alterations in HM adipokines and miRNAs, with adiponectin and specific miRNAs showing the strongest signals. These findings support a conceptual model where GDM shapes HM's molecular composition through interacting endocrine and posttranscriptional mechanisms, potentially influencing infant metabolic programming. Larger longitudinal studies are needed to validate these observations and determine clinical relevance. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Food Science & Nutrition published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Zhang, Zhijun AU - Zhang Z AD - Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, School of Pharmacy Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology Xianning Hubei Province P. R. China. FAU - Davoudi, Maryam AU - Davoudi M AD - Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran. FAU - Ghafourian, Amirreza AU - Ghafourian A AD - Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran. AD - Students' Scientific Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran. FAU - Dehghan, Parmida AU - Dehghan P AD - Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran. AD - Students' Scientific Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran. FAU - Ahmadi, Mojde AU - Ahmadi M AD - Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran. AD - Students' Scientific Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran. FAU - Ayyoubzadeh, Seyed Mohammad AU - Ayyoubzadeh SM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8450-7818 AD - Department of Medical Education, School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran. FAU - Miao, Xiaolei AU - Miao X AD - Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, School of Pharmacy Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology Xianning Hubei Province P. R. China. FAU - Choobineh, Hamid AU - Choobineh H AD - Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran. FAU - Afrisham, Reza AU - Afrisham R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8064-118X AD - Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260831 PL - United States TA - Food Sci Nutr JT - Food science & nutrition JID - 101605473 PMC - PMC13528237 OTO - NOTNLM OT - body weight OT - gestational diabetes OT - hormones OT - human milk OT - infant obesity COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/01 11:39 MHDA- 2026/09/01 11:40 PMCR- 2026/08/31 CRDT- 2026/09/01 06:23 PHST- 2026/02/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/01 11:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/01 11:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/01 06:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - FSN372256 [pii] AID - 10.1002/fsn3.72256 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Food Sci Nutr. 2026 Aug 31;14(9):e72256. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.72256. eCollection 2026 Sep. PMID- 42676987 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260901 LR - 20260902 IS - 2352-3409 (Electronic) IS - 2352-3409 (Linking) VI - 68 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Design and manufacturing data for an infant upper body physical model for bench testing of assistive devices. PG - 113099 LID - 10.1016/j.dib.2026.113099 [doi] LID - 113099 AB - Pediatric assistive devices require rigorous preliminary testing for safety and effectiveness before conducting trials with pediatric populations. Existing upper-body physical models for infants are often prohibitively expensive; meanwhile, more affordable alternatives frequently lack anthropometric accuracy or adequate joint mobility. This paper presents design and manufacturing data for a high-fidelity model that closely mirrors the physical properties of a six-month-old infant's upper body. A comprehensive guide to the design process, manufacturing, and assembly is also included. The model consists of the torso, upper arms, forearms, and hands, connected with articulated joints. Validation of the model's segments confirms close alignment with target metrics for size, mass distribution, and joint mobility. By adjusting the design parameters, the infant model can be scaled to represent older pediatric populations. This work offers a scalable framework for researchers to develop physical models for pediatric device testing. CI - (c) 2026 The Authors. FAU - Kuo, Emily AU - Kuo E AD - Department of Bioengineering, University of California, 900 University Ave, Riverside, CA 92521-0001, USA. FAU - Rauch, Chris AU - Rauch C AD - Department of Bioengineering, University of California, 900 University Ave, Riverside, CA 92521-0001, USA. FAU - Macaluso, Christian AU - Macaluso C AD - Department of Bioengineering, University of California, 900 University Ave, Riverside, CA 92521-0001, USA. FAU - Gowda, Aryan AU - Gowda A AD - Department of Bioengineering, University of California, 900 University Ave, Riverside, CA 92521-0001, USA. FAU - Ortega, Jonathan AU - Ortega J AD - Department of Bioengineering, University of California, 900 University Ave, Riverside, CA 92521-0001, USA. FAU - Castillo, Miriam Contreras AU - Castillo MC AD - Department of Bioengineering, University of California, 900 University Ave, Riverside, CA 92521-0001, USA. FAU - Barahona, Melanie AU - Barahona M AD - Department of Bioengineering, University of California, 900 University Ave, Riverside, CA 92521-0001, USA. FAU - McCarty, Tristan AU - McCarty T AD - Department of Bioengineering, University of California, 900 University Ave, Riverside, CA 92521-0001, USA. FAU - Sahin, Ipsita AU - Sahin I AD - Department of Bioengineering, University of California, 900 University Ave, Riverside, CA 92521-0001, USA. FAU - Kokkoni, Elena AU - Kokkoni E AD - Department of Bioengineering, University of California, 900 University Ave, Riverside, CA 92521-0001, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260818 PL - Netherlands TA - Data Brief JT - Data in brief JID - 101654995 PMC - PMC13527506 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Additive manufacturing OT - Computer-aided design OT - Manikin EDAT- 2026/09/01 11:39 MHDA- 2026/09/01 11:40 PMCR- 2026/08/18 CRDT- 2026/09/01 06:07 PHST- 2026/03/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/01 11:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/01 11:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/01 06:07 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2352-3409(26)00647-5 [pii] AID - 113099 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.dib.2026.113099 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Data Brief. 2026 Aug 18;68:113099. doi: 10.1016/j.dib.2026.113099. eCollection 2026 Aug. PMID- 42676574 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260901 LR - 20260902 IS - 2296-2360 (Print) IS - 2296-2360 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2360 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Bibliometric analysis of research on pediatric hypothyroidism treatment: a global perspective on trends and emerging fronts (2018-2026). PG - 1908940 LID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1908940 [doi] LID - 1908940 AB - BACKGROUND: Pediatric hypothyroidism is among the most prevalent endocrine disorders in childhood, yet no bibliometric analysis has systematically mapped the research landscape of its treatment. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to characterize the publication trends, geographic distribution, research hotspots, and emerging fronts in pediatric hypothyroidism treatment research from 2018 to 2026. METHODS: A comprehensive search was conducted in the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) as the primary database, with external data validation performed via PubMed. Bibliometric indicators were analyzed using CiteSpace, Python and R. Keyword co-occurrence networks were constructed with Louvain community detection, and burst detection was performed to identify emerging research fronts. RESULTS: A total of 1,302 publications were included. Annual output grew from 138 (2018) to a peak of 183 (2022). The United States (n = 263, 20.2%), China (n = 203, 15.6%), and Italy (n = 137, 10.5%) were the leading contributors. Five thematic clusters were identified: (1) congenital hypothyroidism and neonatal screening; (2) subclinical hypothyroidism; (3) pregnancy-related thyroid disorders; (4) autoimmune thyroid disease; and (5) comorbidities and genetic syndromes. Burst detection revealed "obesity" (burst strength = 7.2), "COVID-19" (4.0), and "thyroid dyshormonogenesis" (3.2) as emerging fronts. CONCLUSIONS: The field is shifting focus from congenital hypothyroidism screening optimization toward subclinical hypothyroidism management and the recognition of obesity-related TSH elevation as a distinct physiological entity. Future research should prioritize prospective trials on watchful-waiting strategies and obesity-specific TSH reference ranges. CI - (c) 2026 Wu, Sun, Liu, Huang, Liu, Qiu and Wang. FAU - Wu, Wei AU - Wu W AD - Children's Health Section, Ganzhou Women and Children's Health Care Hospital, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China. FAU - Sun, Zhengyun AU - Sun Z AD - Department of Radiology, Lincang First People's Hospital, Lincang, Yunnan, China. FAU - Liu, Mengxun AU - Liu M AD - Children's Health Section, Ganzhou Women and Children's Health Care Hospital, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China. FAU - Huang, Yu AU - Huang Y AD - Children's Health Section, Ganzhou Women and Children's Health Care Hospital, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China. FAU - Liu, Tingting AU - Liu T AD - Children's Health Section, Ganzhou Women and Children's Health Care Hospital, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China. FAU - Qiu, Xiaobing AU - Qiu X AD - Children's Health Section, Ganzhou Women and Children's Health Care Hospital, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China. FAU - Wang, Yuanbiao AU - Wang Y AD - Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University/Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20260817 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Pediatr JT - Frontiers in pediatrics JID - 101615492 PMC - PMC13526919 OTO - NOTNLM OT - congenital hypothyroidism OT - levothyroxine OT - neonatal screening OT - pediatric hypothyroidism OT - subclinical hypothyroidism COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/01 11:39 MHDA- 2026/09/01 11:40 PMCR- 2026/08/17 CRDT- 2026/09/01 05:30 PHST- 2026/06/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/01 11:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/01 11:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/01 05:30 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1908940 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Pediatr. 2026 Aug 17;14:1908940. doi: 10.3389/fped.2026.1908940. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42675825 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260901 LR - 20260907 IS - 1643-3750 (Electronic) IS - 1234-1010 (Print) IS - 1234-1010 (Linking) VI - 32 DP - 2026 Sep 1 TI - Development and Clinical Feasibility of a Computer-Assisted Shape Design and Bending System for Spinal Fixation Rods. PG - e952722 LID - 10.12659/MSM.952722 [doi] LID - e952722 AB - BACKGROUND Spinal pedicle screw-rod fixation is widely used, but manual rod bending is time-consuming and prone to contour inconsistencies. Although computer-assisted technologies have been explored, existing systems remain limited by cost, complexity, and insufficient precision. This study evaluated a novel computer-assisted rod design and bending system, with the goal of testing whether computer-assisted rod bending reduces bending plus installation time vs manual bending in unilateral paired cases and to evaluate safety, feasibility, and rod-screw fitting accuracy. MATERIAL AND METHODS A prospective trial enrolled 26 patients (18-75 years) undergoing spinal pedicle screw-rod fixation (>/=4 segments) for fractures or degenerative diseases. Twenty patients received unilateral computer-assisted bending (contralateral manual for comparison) and 6 received bilateral assisted bending. The primary outcome was bending plus installation time; secondary outcomes included complications and fitting accuracy. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used (P<0.05). RESULTS No instrument-related complications were observed (n=26; median age 60.5 years). For 20 unilateral cases, computer-assisted bending (183.3+/-70.8 seconds) was significantly shorter than manual bending (236.1+/-119.1 s; mean reduction 52.75 seconds, P=0.017). Subgroup analyses indicated signals of greater time savings in more than 4 segments (93.9 seconds, P=0.039) and BMI of 25 kg/m2 or higher (95.3 seconds, P=0.005), although these were exploratory and not adjusted for multiplicity. CONCLUSIONS The computer-assisted system reduced bending plus installation time vs manual bending, with no instrument-related complications. Subgroup findings were exploratory and require further validation. FAU - Li, Xingye AU - Li X AD - Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. FAU - Zhang, Weijun AU - Zhang W AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-0688-4036 AD - School of Medical Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China. AD - TINAVI Medical Technologies Co., Ltd., Beijing, China. FAU - Xu, Zhongning AU - Xu Z AD - Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. FAU - Zhao, Yongqiang AU - Zhao Y AD - TINAVI Medical Technologies Co., Ltd., Beijing, China. FAU - An, Yan AU - An Y AD - Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. FAU - Li, Qingyun AU - Li Q AD - Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. FAU - He, Da AU - He D AD - Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260901 PL - United States TA - Med Sci Monit JT - Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research JID - 9609063 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Middle Aged MH - Female MH - Adult MH - Prospective Studies MH - Aged MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - Pedicle Screws MH - Feasibility Studies MH - *Computer-Aided Design MH - *Fracture Fixation, Internal/methods/instrumentation MH - Young Adult MH - *Spinal Fusion/methods/instrumentation MH - *Surgery, Computer-Assisted/methods PMC - PMC13545973 COIS- Conflict of interest: None declared EDAT- 2026/09/01 05:41 MHDA- 2026/09/01 05:42 PMCR- 2026/09/01 CRDT- 2026/09/01 01:23 PHST- 2026/09/01 05:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/01 05:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/01 01:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 952722 [pii] AID - 10.12659/MSM.952722 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Med Sci Monit. 2026 Sep 1;32:e952722. doi: 10.12659/MSM.952722. PMID- 42675564 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260901 LR - 20260903 IS - 1932-846X (Electronic) IS - 1932-8451 (Print) IS - 1932-8451 (Linking) VI - 86 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Does the Gut Microbiota Play a Role in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Childhood? A Pilot Study From Turkey. PG - e70057 LID - 10.1002/dneu.70057 [doi] LID - e70057 AB - The pathophysiology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is not fully understood, but increasing evidence suggests that gut microbiota may play a role. This study compared the gut microbiota of children with ADHD with that of a control group of healthy children, and examined their dietary and sleep habits. Ten medication-naive children aged 612 years who had recently been diagnosed with ADHD and ten healthy controls were included. ADHD diagnoses were confirmed using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age ChildrenPresent and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL). Sleep and eating habits were assessed using the 2nd Level Sleep Disorder Short Form, the Children's Eating Behaviour Inventory, and a form to collect sociodemographic and clinical information. The gut microbiota were analysed using 16S NGS metagenome analysis. A significant decrease in the Shannon and Simpson diversity index values was observed in the ADHD group compared to the control group. Despite the presence of a percentage difference, no statistically significant differences were observed between the groups with respect to species, genus, family, order, class or phylum. Following evaluation of the sleep and eating habit scale scores, no statistically significant difference between the groups was determined.These findings suggests that children with ADHD may alter gut microbiota diversity.However, the absence of significant taxonomic differences and the small sample size mean that these results should be interpreted with caution. Further, larger, adequately powered studies are needed to validate these findings and clarify the potential role of gut microbiota in the pathophysiology of ADHD. CI - (c) 2026 Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Akyol, Cansin Kardelen AU - Akyol CK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8772-3476 AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Akhisar State Hospital, Manisa, Turkey. FAU - Bilac, Oznur AU - Bilac O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8369-6215 AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey. FAU - Cam, Fethi Sirri AU - Cam FS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0972-8896 AD - Department of Medical Genetics, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey. LA - eng GR - 2022-146/Manisa Celal Bayar University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit/ PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Dev Neurobiol JT - Developmental neurobiology JID - 101300215 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/microbiology/physiopathology MH - Male MH - Pilot Projects MH - *Gastrointestinal Microbiome/physiology MH - Turkey MH - Female MH - Child MH - Feeding Behavior/physiology MH - Sleep/physiology PMC - PMC13530312 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) OT - gut microbiota OT - hyperactivity OT - impulsivity OT - inattention OT - neurodevelopmental disorder COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/01 05:41 MHDA- 2026/09/01 05:42 PMCR- 2026/09/01 CRDT- 2026/09/01 00:13 PHST- 2026/07/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/01 05:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/01 05:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/01 00:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - DNEU70057 [pii] AID - 10.1002/dneu.70057 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Dev Neurobiol. 2026 Oct;86(4):e70057. doi: 10.1002/dneu.70057. PMID- 42675534 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260901 IS - 2542-5641 (Electronic) IS - 0366-6999 (Linking) DP - 2026 Sep 1 TI - Single-cell RNA sequencing uncovers m6A regulator-defined T-cell subpopulations and YTHDF1-HSP90AB1-MYC therapeutic axis in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. LID - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000004239 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: N6-methyladenosine (m6A) drives T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL); however, its roles in leukemic heterogeneity and tumor microenvironment remodeling unclear. This study characterized N6-methyladenosine regulator-defined subpopulations and YTH N6-methyladenosine RNA binding protein 1 (YTHDF1) in leukemogenesis. METHODS: Integrated single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing from 17 pediatric T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients and 3 healthy donors were analyzed. Non-negative matrix factorization based on m6A regulator expression identified distinct T-cell subpopulations. CellChat, Monocle, and single-cell regulatory network inference and clustering analyses revealed intercellular communication patterns, developmental trajectories, and transcriptional regulatory programs. Functional validations included lentiviral-mediated YTHDF1 knockdown in Jurkat and Molt4 cells for proliferation, apoptosis, and migration assays, and a non-obese diabetic severe combined immunodeficiency mouse xenograft model. Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation quantitative polymerase chain reaction, RNA immunoprecipitation quantitative polymerase chain reaction, RNA stability assays, and Western blotting characterized YTHDF1 interactions with heat shock protein 90 alpha family class B member 1 (HSP90AB1). RESULTS: Single-cell transcriptomics identified m6A-defined T-cell subpopulations in T-ALL. YTHDF1-enriched cells exhibited hypoxia and cell-cycle programs, occupied early developmental states, and communicated with macrophages. Knockdown suppressed proliferation and migration, increased apoptosis, and reduced leukemic burden in vivo. The protein bound and stabilized m6A-modified HSP90AB1 to sustain MYC proto-oncogene signaling. CONCLUSION: This study identified a YTHDF1-high m6A-associated T-cell subpopulation in T-ALL. YTHDF1 promoted leukemic progression through regulation of the HSP90AB1-MYC axis and was associated with altered macrophage-related intercellular signaling. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Chinese Medical Association, produced by Wolters Kluwer Health, LLC. under the CC-BY-NC-ND license. FAU - Liu, Chao AU - Liu C AD - Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China. FAU - Wang, Weimin AU - Wang W FAU - Wang, Fang AU - Wang F FAU - Xing, Haizhou AU - Xing H FAU - Cao, Weijie AU - Cao W FAU - Jiang, Zhongxing AU - Jiang Z LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260901 PL - China TA - Chin Med J (Engl) JT - Chinese medical journal JID - 7513795 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Heat shock protein 90 alpha family class B member 1 OT - N6-methyladenosine OT - Single-cell RNA sequencing OT - T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia EDAT- 2026/09/01 05:41 MHDA- 2026/09/01 05:41 CRDT- 2026/09/01 00:12 PHST- 2025/04/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/01 05:41 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/01 05:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/01 00:12 [entrez] AID - 00029330-990000000-02208 [pii] AID - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000004239 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Chin Med J (Engl). 2026 Sep 1. doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000004239. PMID- 42674753 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260831 LR - 20260930 IS - 1532-656X (Electronic) IS - 0891-5245 (Linking) VI - 40 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Sep-Oct TI - Beyond "Picky Eating": Identification, Screening, and Referral for Pediatric Feeding Disorders in Primary Care. PG - 770-781 LID - S0891-5245(26)00129-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.pedhc.2026.05.011 [doi] AB - Pediatric feeding disorders (PFDs) affect 1 in 37 children under age 5 in the United States, representing a common yet frequently underrecognized condition in primary care. In 2019, a multidisciplinary expert panel established the first consensus definition of PFD, creating a standardized four-domain framework (medical, nutritional, feeding skill, and psychosocial) that has transformed clinical assessment and management. A recent 2025 consensus further clarified the relationship between PFD and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID), providing guidance on diagnostic overlap and differentiation. This continuing education article provides pediatric healthcare providers with current, evidence-based knowledge to screen, identify, and make appropriate referrals for children with PFDs. The article reviews the consensus definitions, epidemiology, validated screening tools, differential diagnosis, risk factors, assessment strategies, and referral guidelines. A case-based example illustrates the application of the four-domain framework in clinical practice. With appropriate early identification and intervention, most children with feeding difficulties can achieve improved nutritional status, oral-motor development, and positive mealtime experiences. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Taha, Asma A AU - Taha AA AD - School of Nursing, California State University, Fullerton, CA; Child Development and Rehabilitation Center (CDRC), School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR. Electronic address: ataha@fullerton.edu. FAU - Sahl, Sarah F AU - Sahl SF AD - Child Development and Rehabilitation Center (CDRC), School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR. FAU - Farrell, Julia R AU - Farrell JR AD - Child Development and Rehabilitation Center (CDRC), School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR. FAU - Wright, Amber AU - Wright A AD - Child Development and Rehabilitation Center (CDRC), School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR. FAU - Frazier, Kelsey AU - Frazier K AD - Child Development and Rehabilitation Center (CDRC), School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR. FAU - Doan, Sylvia AU - Doan S AD - Child Development and Rehabilitation Center (CDRC), School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - United States TA - J Pediatr Health Care JT - Journal of pediatric health care : official publication of National Association of Pediatric Nurse Associates & Practitioners JID - 8709735 SB - IM MH - Child, Preschool MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder MH - Diagnosis, Differential MH - *Feeding and Eating Disorders/diagnosis MH - *Feeding and Eating Disorders of Childhood/diagnosis/therapy/epidemiology MH - *Mass Screening/methods MH - Practice Guidelines as Topic MH - *Primary Health Care MH - *Referral and Consultation MH - Risk Factors MH - United States/epidemiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) OT - Multidisciplinary assessment OT - Pediatric feeding disorder (PFD) OT - Pediatric primary care OT - Screening and early identification COIS- CONFLICTS OF INTEREST None to report. EDAT- 2026/08/31 23:43 MHDA- 2026/08/31 23:44 CRDT- 2026/08/31 20:54 PHST- 2026/02/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/31 23:44 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/31 23:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/31 20:54 [entrez] AID - S0891-5245(26)00129-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.pedhc.2026.05.011 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Pediatr Health Care. 2026 Sep-Oct;40(5):770-781. doi: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2026.05.011. PMID- 42674301 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260925 LR - 20261028 IS - 1573-2517 (Electronic) IS - 0165-0327 (Linking) VI - 415 DP - 2026 Dec 15 TI - Emotion regulation and state body image during daily body-exposure situations: A pilot ecological momentary assessment study. PG - 122447 LID - S0165-0327(26)01300-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jad.2026.122447 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Emotion regulation has been consistently associated with eating disorder psychopathology, yet most evidence comes from retrospective and cross-sectional studies. Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) allows these processes to be examined as they unfold during daily body-exposure situations. This pilot study investigated associations among emotion regulation strategies, affect, and state body image during naturally occurring body-exposure situations and explored whether average regulatory patterns across a two-week EMA period were associated with short-term change in drive for thinness. METHOD: Thirty-four young adults completed a 14-day EMA protocol combining event-based and end-of-day assessments. Event-level measures included state body image, positive and negative affect, cognitive reappraisal, expressive suppression, and rumination. Drive for thinness was assessed at baseline and post-monitoring. Pearson correlations examined associations among participant-level averages, a linear mixed-effects model tested event-level associations, and multiple regression examined whether average emotion regulation variables were associated with post-monitoring drive for thinness after controlling for baseline scores. RESULTS: Participants completed 305 EMA entries, corresponding to 64.08% adherence. More positive average body image was associated with higher positive affect and lower negative affect, expressive suppression, and rumination. At the event level, greater expressive suppression and rumination were associated with poorer state body image, whereas cognitive reappraisal was not. Baseline drive for thinness was significantly associated with post-monitoring scores. None of the EMA-derived emotion regulation variables was significantly associated with post-monitoring drive for thinness after controlling for baseline levels. DISCUSSION: These preliminary findings suggest that expressive suppression and rumination may co-occur with poorer state body image during everyday body-salient situations. Larger EMA studies using parallel and validated measures of emotion regulation are needed to clarify these associations and their temporal relevance. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Rojas-Rincon, Juliana AU - Rojas-Rincon J AD - BrainXR Lab, Department of Psychology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195, Sant Cugat del Valles, Spain. FAU - Gamiz-Sanfeliu, Maria AU - Gamiz-Sanfeliu M AD - BrainXR Lab, Department of Psychology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195, Sant Cugat del Valles, Spain. FAU - Ampatzoglou, Aikaterini AU - Ampatzoglou A AD - BrainXR Lab, Department of Psychology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195, Sant Cugat del Valles, Spain. FAU - Carballo-Marquez, Anna AU - Carballo-Marquez A AD - BrainXR Lab, Department of Psychology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195, Sant Cugat del Valles, Spain. FAU - Garolera, Maite AU - Garolera M AD - BrainXR Lab, Department of Psychology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195, Sant Cugat del Valles, Spain; Brain, Cognition, and Behavior Research Group, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa-Hospital Universitari, 08227, Terrassa, Spain. FAU - Fernandez-Capo, Maria AU - Fernandez-Capo M AD - BrainXR Lab, Department of Psychology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195, Sant Cugat del Valles, Spain. FAU - Porras-Garcia, Bruno AU - Porras-Garcia B AD - BrainXR Lab, Department of Psychology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195, Sant Cugat del Valles, Spain; Brain, Cognition, and Behavior Research Group, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa-Hospital Universitari, 08227, Terrassa, Spain. Electronic address: bporras@uic.es. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260901 PL - Netherlands TA - J Affect Disord JT - Journal of affective disorders JID - 7906073 SB - IM EIN - J Affect Disord. 2026 Oct 28:122659. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2026.122659. PMID: 42951731 MH - Humans MH - *Emotional Regulation MH - *Ecological Momentary Assessment MH - Pilot Projects MH - *Body Image/psychology MH - Female MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - Rumination, Cognitive MH - Affect MH - Adult MH - Thinness/psychology MH - Adolescent OTO - NOTNLM OT - Affect OT - Body image OT - Eating disorders OT - Ecological momentary assessment OT - Emotion regulation OT - Prevention OT - Rumination OT - Suppression COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/08/31 23:43 MHDA- 2026/09/25 23:47 CRDT- 2026/08/31 19:14 PHST- 2026/05/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/25 23:47 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/31 23:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/31 19:14 [entrez] AID - S0165-0327(26)01300-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jad.2026.122447 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Affect Disord. 2026 Dec 15;415:122447. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2026.122447. Epub 2026 Sep 1. PMID- 42673582 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260831 LR - 20260917 IS - 1929-0748 (Electronic) IS - 1929-0748 (Linking) VI - 15 DP - 2026 Aug 31 TI - Remote Assessment of Physical Function and Physical Activity in Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Protocol for Feasibility, Validity, and Reliability Study. PG - e86020 LID - 10.2196/86020 [doi] LID - e86020 AB - BACKGROUND: Adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are at increased risk for chronic health conditions and reduced quality of life (QoL), often linked to lower physical activity (PA), motor impairments, and barriers to health care access. Although communication and social differences in ASD are well documented, motor impairments such as deficits in coordination, balance, and gait remain understudied in adulthood despite their relevance to fall risk and PA participation. Telehealth and wearable technologies may improve access to physical therapy assessment and remote monitoring of physical function in this underserved population. OBJECTIVE: This pilot study aims to evaluate the feasibility, construct validity, and rating reliability of remotely administered physical function and balance assessments in adults with ASD and to examine racial and ethnic disparities and associations among physical function, PA, fall risk, and QoL. METHODS: This pilot study uses a 2-phase, cross-sectional, noninterventional design with remote data collection in legally independent adults aged 18-59 years with ASD who were recruited through the Simons Powering Autism Research and Knowledge (SPARK) registry. Participants complete self-report questionnaires; 2 weeks of wearable step monitoring using a Fitbit Inspire 3 (Google LLC) device; and, for a randomized subset of 25 participants, 1 remote, telehealth-based physical function assessment session. Remote performance-based measures include the Five Times Sit-to-Stand, 30-second Sit-to-Stand, standing balance under eyes open and eyes closed conditions, and single-leg stance under eyes open and eyes closed conditions. Construct validity of the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) physical function measures will be examined using hypothesis testing with related indicators of health and functioning, including steps per day, lower-extremity functional outcome surveys, fall risk screening surveys, and comorbidity burden. Interrater and intrarater reliability of remote performance scoring will be evaluated from video-recorded sessions scored by 6 raters using intraclass correlation coefficients. Secondary analyses will examine racial and ethnic disparities in physical function, PA, and QoL, as well as associations among these variables and moderation by race and ethnicity. RESULTS: Study funding was available from August 2024 to May 2025. Recruitment occurred from December 2024 to March 2025, and final data collection was completed in May 2025. By May 2025, 155 adults with ASD had been recruited, of whom 65.2% were female and 77% identified as Black or Hispanic. Data analysis is projected to be completed in July 2026, and submission of the primary results manuscript is anticipated in August 2026. CONCLUSIONS: This protocol describes a pilot study designed to evaluate the feasibility, construct validity, and equity relevance of remotely administered physical function assessments in adults with ASD. If supported, the findings may provide preliminary evidence for more accessible telehealth-based assessment approaches and inform larger studies on physical functioning, PA, and QoL in this population. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/86020. CI - (c)Annabel Nunez-Gaunaurd, Melissa M Tovin, Melissa Hale, Tan Li, Anjana Bhat. Originally published in JMIR Research Protocols (https://www.researchprotocols.org), 31.08.2026. FAU - Nunez-Gaunaurd, Annabel AU - Nunez-Gaunaurd A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2977-7994 AD - Department of Physical Therapy, Nicole Wertheim College of Nursing & Health Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States. FAU - Tovin, Melissa M AU - Tovin MM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1355-3117 AD - Department of Physical Therapy, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States. FAU - Hale, Melissa AU - Hale M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5963-4794 AD - Division Director, Child and Family Services, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States. FAU - Li, Tan AU - Li T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6871-7719 AD - Department of Biostatistics, Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States. FAU - Bhat, Anjana AU - Bhat A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0771-0967 AD - Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States. LA - eng GR - U54 MD012393/MD/NIMHD NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural DEP - 20260831 PL - Canada TA - JMIR Res Protoc JT - JMIR research protocols JID - 101599504 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adult MH - Pilot Projects MH - Female MH - Feasibility Studies MH - Male MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Middle Aged MH - *Exercise/physiology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adolescent MH - *Autism Spectrum Disorder/physiopathology/psychology MH - Young Adult MH - Quality of Life MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Telemedicine PMC - PMC13575549 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adult autism OT - autism in adulthood OT - autism spectrum disorder OT - co-participation OT - cross-sectional design OT - digital health OT - family support OT - health disparities OT - minority health OT - motor impairments OT - patient-reported outcomes OT - physical activity OT - physical function OT - protocol study OT - rehabilitation OT - remote assessment OT - telehealth OT - wearable devices COIS- Conflicts of Interest: None declared. EDAT- 2026/08/31 19:42 MHDA- 2026/08/31 23:43 PMCR- 2026/08/31 CRDT- 2026/08/31 16:53 PHST- 2025/10/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/31 23:43 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/31 19:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/31 16:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v15i1e86020 [pii] AID - 10.2196/86020 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JMIR Res Protoc. 2026 Aug 31;15:e86020. doi: 10.2196/86020. PMID- 42670969 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260918 LR - 20260920 IS - 2149-2042 (Print) IS - 2149-4606 (Electronic) IS - 2149-4606 (Linking) VI - 41 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Sep 18 TI - Evaluation of Early Diagnostic Methods for Subclinical Cardiovascular Changes in Childhood Obesity. PG - 296-308 LID - 10.4274/MMJ.galenos.2026.59783 [doi] AB - Childhood obesity is associated with early cardiometabolic abnormalities and subclinical vascular and cardiac changes. This narrative review summarizes the mechanisms underlying these changes and evaluates non-invasive methods used for early detection. PubMed/MEDLINE and Scopus were searched for pediatric studies, systematic reviews, and guidelines, and the principal evidence sources were appraised using design-appropriate tools. Blood pressure measurement, anthropometry, and age-and risk-based laboratory testing remain the basis of routine assessment. Carotid intima-media thickness, pulse wave velocity, endothelial function tests, heart rate variability, advanced echocardiographic measures, and epicardial adipose tissue assessment are promising; however, methodological heterogeneity and limited pediatric reference values restrict most of them to selected clinical or research settings. Standardized longitudinal studies are required to validate thresholds and determine whether test-guided strategies improve outcomes. CI - Copyright(c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Galenos Publishing House on behalf of Istanbul Medeniyet University Faculty of Medicine. FAU - Badem, Meryem AU - Badem M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6930-2424 AD - Goztepe Prof. Dr. Suleyman Yalcin City Hospital, Clinic of Pediatric Endocrinology, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Hepokur, Merve Nur AU - Hepokur MN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5470-1254 AD - Marmara University Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Karagozlu, Selen AU - Karagozlu S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9542-1937 AD - Goztepe Prof. Dr. Suleyman Yalcin City Hospital, Clinic of Pediatric Endocrinology, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Emeksiz, Hamdi Cihan AU - Emeksiz HC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4815-1591 AD - Goztepe Prof. Dr. Suleyman Yalcin City Hospital, Clinic of Pediatric Endocrinology, Istanbul, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260831 PL - Turkey TA - Medeni Med J JT - Medeniyet medical journal JID - 101676811 PMC - PMC13586907 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Pediatric obesity OT - atherosclerosis OT - cardiovascular diagnostic techniques OT - cardiovascular diseases COIS- The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest related to this study. EDAT- 2026/08/31 19:42 MHDA- 2026/08/31 19:43 PMCR- 2026/09/18 CRDT- 2026/08/31 07:12 PHST- 2026/08/31 19:43 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/31 19:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/31 07:12 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.4274/MMJ.galenos.2026.59783 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Medeni Med J. 2026 Sep 18;41(3):296-308. doi: 10.4274/MMJ.galenos.2026.59783. Epub 2026 Aug 31. PMID- 42670657 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260831 LR - 20260903 IS - 1745-5065 (Electronic) IS - 1745-5057 (Print) IS - 1745-5057 (Linking) VI - 22 DP - 2026 Jan-Dec TI - To what extent does the adapted Women's empowerment in nutrition index demonstrate psychometric validity and determine the nutritional empowerment among pregnant women in southern Ethiopia? PG - 17455057261484831 LID - 10.1177/17455057261484831 [doi] LID - 17455057261484831 AB - BackgroundWomen's empowerment plays a crucial role in the wellbeing of families by affecting nutrition and health. Women's Empowerment in Nutrition Index (WENI) was recently developed in rural South Asia, but requires validation in new contexts.ObjectiveThe study aimed to evaluate the psychometric validation of the WENI, the level of nutritional empowerment and factors associated with nutritional empowerment among pregnant women in Southern Ethiopia.DesignA facility-based cross-sectional study design was employed.MethodsThe study was conducted among 392 pregnant women from March 10 to May 30, 2025. The structural validity of the WENI was assessed using Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (EFA/CFA) to identify latent constructs of empowerment. Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (>/= 0.60) and significant results in Bartlett's Test (p < 0.05) were used for confirming sampling adequacy. Independent factors were identified using a hierarchical negative binomial multiple regression with adjusted incidence rate ratios (aIRRs) calculated, considering statistical significance at p < 0.05.ResultsFactor analysis revealed a six-factor structure with an internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.86), and convergent and discriminant validities (AVE=0.50, CR=0.70). The model demonstrated strong fit indices (CFI= 0.94; RMSEA<0.06). A significant relationship was found between WENI scores and maternal and child nutrition outcomes (p<0.001), with 51.5% of women being nutritionally empowered. Empowerment was higher in women free from intimate partner violence (aIRR = 1.12), those receiving nutritional counseling (aIRR = 1.33). Conversely, empowerment rates were lower in women with no formal education (aIRR = 0.76) and those in the lowest wealth quintile (aIRR = 0.82).ConclusionThis study confirmed that nutritional empowerment, measured via a 21-item tool, improves maternal health and food security. However, social norms and a "knowledge-agency gap" persist. Interventions must shift from basic education to actively promoting women's control over resources, gender equality, and stronger community-based support systems to be truly effective. FAU - Fikrie, Anteneh AU - Fikrie A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9809-3326 AD - School of Public Health, Institute of Health, Bule Hora University, Bule Hora, Ethiopia. RINGGOLD: 435723 FAU - Wodessa, Gelgelo AU - Wodessa G AD - School of Public Health, Institute of Health, Bule Hora University, Bule Hora, Ethiopia. RINGGOLD: 435723 FAU - Gelchu, Miesa AU - Gelchu M AD - School of Public Health, Institute of Health, Bule Hora University, Bule Hora, Ethiopia. RINGGOLD: 435723 FAU - Jofa, Bekam Yambo AU - Jofa BY AD - School of Public Health, Institute of Health, Bule Hora University, Bule Hora, Ethiopia. RINGGOLD: 435723 FAU - Hailu, Dejene AU - Hailu D AD - School of Public Health, Hawassa University College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Awassa, Ethiopia. RINGGOLD: 293657 FAU - Abera, Mubarek AU - Abera M AD - Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Science, Jimma University, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia. RINGGOLD: 107839 FAU - Spigt, Mark AU - Spigt M AD - Department of Family Medicine, Universiteit Maastricht Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht, Netherlands. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260831 PL - United States TA - Womens Health (Lond) JT - Women's health (London, England) JID - 101271249 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Ethiopia MH - *Psychometrics MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Empowerment MH - Adult MH - Pregnancy MH - *Pregnant People/psychology MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - *Nutritional Status MH - Surveys and Questionnaires/standards MH - Young Adult MH - *Power, Psychological MH - Rural Population PMC - PMC13530473 OAB - This study assessed how to measure nutritional empowerment, woman ability to make decisions that impact the health and nutrition of herself and her family's among 392 pregnant women in Southern Ethiopia. By using a 21-item tool called the Women's Empowerment in Nutrition Index (WENI), researchers confirmed that the survey is an accurate and reliable way to measure these capabilities in the region. The findings showed that about 51.5% of the women surveyed were nutritionally empowered, a status that was directly linked to better overall health outcomes for both mothers and children. The study identified clear factors that influence whether a woman can exercise this control. Women were significantly more likely to be empowered if they received nutritional counselling or lived in households free from intimate partner violence. Conversely, empowerment was lower among women who had no formal education or lived in the lowest income households. Ultimately, the researchers concluded that while nutritional knowledge is important, it is not enough on its own. To bridge the gap between knowing about health and having the agency to act on it, future interventions must shift focus toward promoting gender equality, securing women control over household resources, and strengthening community-based support systems. OABL- eng OTO - NOTNLM OT - factor analysis OT - pregnant women OT - psychometric validation OT - women's empowerment COIS- Declaration of conflicting interestsThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. EDAT- 2026/08/31 19:42 MHDA- 2026/08/31 19:43 PMCR- 2026/08/31 CRDT- 2026/08/31 04:33 PHST- 2026/08/31 19:43 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/31 19:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/31 04:33 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1177_17455057261484831 [pii] AID - 10.1177/17455057261484831 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Womens Health (Lond). 2026 Jan-Dec;22:17455057261484831. doi: 10.1177/17455057261484831. Epub 2026 Aug 31. PMID- 42670279 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261008 LR - 20261010 IS - 1536-4801 (Electronic) IS - 0277-2116 (Print) IS - 0277-2116 (Linking) VI - 83 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Mid-upper arm circumference, steatosis indices, and elastography for screening liver steatosis in children with overweight/obesity: A prospective cross-sectional study. PG - 616-623 LID - 10.1002/jpn3.70554 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is common in children, and practical screening approaches are needed in populations with overweight/obesity. We aimed to evaluate mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) as a simple marker for ultrasonography (US)-detected liver steatosis (LS) in children with overweight/obesity, to examine the performance of other non-invasive measures, and to assess MUAC-based composite cut-offs. METHODS: In this study, 194 children with overweight/obesity aged 5-17 years were evaluated at a pediatric gastroenterology clinic. US-detected LS was defined as US grade >/=1. Liver stiffness was measured by two-dimensional shear-wave elastography (2D-SWE). Fasting biochemistry was obtained, and alanine aminotransferase (ALT)/aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ratio, Hepatic Steatosis Index, and Framingham Steatosis Index were calculated. Associations between US-detected LS and anthropometric, biochemical, and liver stiffness measures were assessed using Spearman correlation, logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristic analyses; composite models used an odds ratio-rule approach. RESULTS: US-detected LS was present in 55.2%. MUAC >/= 30.0 cm yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.738 for identifying US-detected LS. A composite rule of body mass index (BMI) z score >/=1.70 or MUAC >/= 30.0 cm achieved 97.2% sensitivity and 54.0% specificity for identifying US-detected LS, with an AUC of 0.813, negative predictive value 94.0%, and positive predictive value 72.2%. Adding liver stiffness >/=5.68 kPa increased discrimination for identifying US-detected LS, with an AUC of 0.881. CONCLUSION: MUAC is a low-cost adjunct for screening US-detected LS in children with overweight/obesity. Simple composite cut-offs integrating MUAC with BMI showed high sensitivity in this cohort and may support initial risk stratification before ultrasonographic evaluation; adding liver stiffness yielded the highest discriminative performance. CI - (c) 2026 European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition and North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition. FAU - Teke, Selcuk AU - Teke S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1885-6611 AD - Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkiye. FAU - Cavis, Tugba AU - Cavis T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8878-9568 AD - Department of Radiology, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkiye. FAU - Ergen, Yasin Maruf AU - Ergen YM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3689-6852 AD - Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkiye. FAU - Akcay, Birce Izgi AU - Akcay BI AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1325-0899 AD - Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkiye. FAU - Basaran, Edibe Gozde AU - Basaran EG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3165-3234 AD - Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkiye. FAU - Balamtekin, Necati AU - Balamtekin N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8665-5611 AD - Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkiye. LA - eng GR - None/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260831 PL - United States TA - J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr JT - Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition JID - 8211545 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - *Elasticity Imaging Techniques/methods MH - Male MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - Prospective Studies MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Fatty Liver/diagnosis/etiology/diagnostic imaging MH - *Arm/anatomy & histology MH - *Pediatric Obesity/complications MH - *Overweight/complications MH - Liver/diagnostic imaging/pathology MH - Body Mass Index MH - ROC Curve MH - Mass Screening/methods MH - Sensitivity and Specificity MH - Anthropometry PMC - PMC13646030 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Framingham Steatosis Index OT - Hepatic Steatosis Index OT - body mass index OT - elasticity imaging techniques OT - fatty liver COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/31 19:42 MHDA- 2026/10/08 05:31 PMCR- 2026/10/08 CRDT- 2026/08/31 03:23 PHST- 2026/07/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/08 05:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/31 19:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/31 03:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JPN370554 [pii] AID - 10.1002/jpn3.70554 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2026 Oct;83(4):616-623. doi: 10.1002/jpn3.70554. Epub 2026 Aug 31. PMID- 42670172 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260831 LR - 20260902 IS - 2057-4347 (Electronic) IS - 2057-4347 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Machine Learning Prediction of Anterior Open-Bite Development After Stabilization Splint Treatment in Temporomandibular Disorder. PG - e70447 LID - 10.1002/cre2.70447 [doi] LID - e70447 AB - OBJECTIVES: To develop interpretable machine learning (ML) models for risk stratification of clinically meaningful anterior overbite decrease after stabilization splint therapy in temporomandibular disorder (TMD) patients, and to compare ML performance with conventional logistic regression. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective cohort included 87 TMD patients treated with stabilization splints, physical therapy, and pharmacologic therapy. Thirty-five pre-treatment cephalometric and demographic features were used. The primary outcome was overbite difference (OD = post-treatment minus pre-treatment overbite). For classification, patients were labeled as Decrease (OD < -0.5 mm; n = 37) versus Non-Decrease (OD >/= -0.5 mm; n = 50), combining No Change and Increase due to severe imbalance in the Increase subgroup. Six classifiers (logistic regression, random forest, extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), Light Gradient Boosting Machine, support vector machine, k-nearest neighbors) were evaluated using stratified fivefold cross-validation and leave-one-out cross-validation. Class imbalance was handled using class-weighting and the Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE) applied within the cross-validation loop. For regression, nine algorithms were tested to predict continuous OD. Model explainability was assessed using SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP). RESULTS: In fivefold cross-validation, XGBoost achieved the best discrimination (AUC = 0.734), outperforming logistic regression (AUC = 0.611). With SMOTE, the random forest achieved a comparable AUC (0.735) with improved sensitivity. Across regression models, cross-validated R(2) values were near-zero or negative, indicating limited ability to predict the exact magnitude of overbite change from baseline variables alone. SHAP ranked pre-treatment overbite, ramus height, upper occlusal plane to SN angle, sella-to-condylion distance, and condylar positional indices among the most influential predictors for classification. CONCLUSION: Interpretable ML enables improved risk stratification for clinically meaningful anterior overbite decrease after stabilization splint therapy in TMD patients, whereas predicting the exact magnitude of overbite change remains limited using pre-treatment cephalometrics alone. These models may support individualized counseling and closer monitoring for patients at higher risk of open-bite development during splint therapy. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Clinical and Experimental Dental Research published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Hwang, Jae Joon AU - Hwang JJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0379-8460 AD - Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea. AD - Dental Research Institute, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea. FAU - Jeon, Hye-Mi AU - Jeon HM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0007-5662 AD - Department of Oral Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea. AD - Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea. FAU - Ju, Hye-Min AU - Ju HM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9252-6717 AD - Dental Research Institute, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea. AD - Department of Oral Medicine, Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea. FAU - Jeong, Sung-Hee AU - Jeong SH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6296-4775 AD - Dental Research Institute, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea. AD - Department of Oral Medicine, Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea. FAU - Ahn, Yong-Woo AU - Ahn YW AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2197-0394 AD - Dental Research Institute, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea. AD - Department of Oral Medicine, Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea. FAU - Ok, Soo-Min AU - Ok SM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1776-371X AD - Dental Research Institute, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea. AD - Department of Oral Medicine, Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea. LA - eng GR - RS-2025-20082969/National Research Foundation of Korea/ GR - RS-2023-00217689/National Research Foundation of Korea/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - Clin Exp Dent Res JT - Clinical and experimental dental research JID - 101692332 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Temporomandibular Joint Disorders/therapy/complications MH - *Machine Learning MH - Female MH - Predictive Learning Models MH - Boosting Machine Learning Algorithms MH - Random Forest MH - *Open Bite/etiology/diagnosis MH - *Occlusal Splints MH - Classification Algorithms MH - Prediction Algorithms MH - Logistic Models MH - Cephalometry MH - Adult MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Risk Assessment/methods PMC - PMC13527398 OTO - NOTNLM OT - machine learning OT - occlusal splint OT - open-bite OT - temporomandibular disorders COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/31 19:42 MHDA- 2026/08/31 19:43 PMCR- 2026/08/30 CRDT- 2026/08/31 02:02 PHST- 2026/08/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/31 19:43 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/31 19:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/31 02:02 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - CRE270447 [pii] AID - 10.1002/cre2.70447 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Clin Exp Dent Res. 2026 Oct;12(5):e70447. doi: 10.1002/cre2.70447. PMID- 42669329 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261001 IS - 2589-5559 (Electronic) IS - 2589-5559 (Linking) DP - 2026 Aug 30 TI - Clinical and Metabolomic Panel for Noninvasive Screening of Biopsy-Confirmed MASH in Children and Adolescents. PG - 102016 LID - S2589-5559(26)00287-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jhepr.2026.102016 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND & AIMS: Noninvasive tests to identify pediatric metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) remain a critical need. We aimed to develop and validate a screening panel that identifies biopsy-confirmed MASH in children and adolescents using clinical and metabolomics data. METHODS: Fasting serum from youth in NASH CRN studies and healthy participants underwent untargeted metabolomics by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Clinical data included anthropometrics, lipids, liver enzymes, and markers of insulin resistance. MASH was determined by biopsy in NASH CRN participants and hepatic steatosis by MRI-PDFF in healthy participants. Clinical features were selected by Kolmogorov-Smirnov testing (p < 0.05), and metabolomics data were reduced to 52 features with non-zero LASSO coefficients. Feature importance was ranked using CatBoost. The final model included eight clinical features and the top 10 annotated metabolites. Data were split into training and test sets, with longitudinal validation in a sub-cohort with 96-week follow-up biopsies. RESULTS: The cohort included 586 children (ages 5-18, 70% male, mean BMI z-score of 2.35 +/- 0.84, 72% Hispanic). Of these, 390 had MASH (21% Zone 3, 41% Zone 1, 38% definite MASH), and 196 were non-MASH. The model incorporated ALT, AST, GGT, platelets, HOMA-IR, BMI z-score, TG:HDL ratio, and alkaline phosphatase. Key metabolic features included amino acid derivatives (e.g., glutamic acid, argininosuccinic acid), indole, diacetylspermine, and lipid metabolites. The model achieved an AUROC of 0.88 (92% sensitivity, 71% specificity) in the test set and 0.81 (69% sensitivity, 86% specificity) in the longitudinal cohort. CONCLUSIONS: This 18-variable panel of eight clinical measures and 10 metabolites showed strong performance for noninvasive screening of biopsy-confirmed MASH in children and potential utility for longitudinal monitoring. IMPACT AND IMPLICATIONS: Currently, there are no clinically approved non-invasive biomarkers for diagnosing or monitoring pediatric MASH, despite its growing prevalence and long-term health risks. This study developed and validated a machine-learning-based panel that combines clinical and high-resolution metabolomics data, demonstrating strong performance for classifying MASH and monitoring disease status in a longitudinal cohort. These findings are particularly relevant for improving the care of children with MASH and could inform both clinical practice and research. With further validation, this approach could reduce reliance on liver biopsy, enable earlier detection, and support clinical decision-making for physicians and researchers. CI - Copyright (c) 2026. Published by Elsevier B.V. FAU - Huneault, Helaina E AU - Huneault HE AD - Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University, College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, MI, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, & Nutrition, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. Electronic address: hhuneau@emory.edu. FAU - Sudhakar, Shrramana Ganesh AU - Sudhakar SG AD - School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA. FAU - Gent, Alasdair E AU - Gent AE AD - Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA. FAU - Jarrell, Zachery R AU - Jarrell ZR AD - Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. FAU - Smith, Matthew Ryan AU - Smith MR AD - Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; VA Healthcare System of Atlanta, Decatur, GA, USA. FAU - Sanchez-Torres, Cristian AU - Sanchez-Torres C AD - Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, & Nutrition, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. FAU - Jain, Ajay K AU - Jain AK AD - Department of Pediatrics, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA. FAU - Yates, Katherine P AU - Yates KP AD - Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. FAU - Neuschwander-Tetri, Brent A AU - Neuschwander-Tetri BA AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA. FAU - Schwimmer, Jeffrey B AU - Schwimmer JB AD - Department of Gastroenterology, Rady Children's Hospital San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA. FAU - Xanthakos, Stavra A AU - Xanthakos SA AD - Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA. FAU - Molleston, Jean P AU - Molleston JP AD - Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Riley Children's Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA. FAU - Behling, Cynthia A AU - Behling CA AD - Sharp Memorial Hospital, San Diego, California, USA. FAU - Fishbein, Mark H AU - Fishbein MH AD - Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine at Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA. FAU - Kamaleswaran, Rishikesan AU - Kamaleswaran R AD - Department of Biomedical Informatics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA. FAU - Vos, Miriam B AU - Vos MB AD - Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University, College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, MI, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, & Nutrition, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA; Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Corewell Health, Grand Rapids, MI, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260830 PL - Netherlands TA - JHEP Rep JT - JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology JID - 101761237 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - MASLD OT - biomarker discovery OT - gradient boosting OT - histology COIS- Conflicts of interest MBV serves as a consultant to Boehringer Ingelheim, Novo Nordisk, Eli Lilly, Intercept, Takeda, and Alberio. She has stock or stock options in Thiogenesis and Tern Pharmaceuticals. Her institution has received research grants (or in-kind research services) from Target Real World Evidence, Quest, Labcorp, and Sonic Incytes Medical Corp. JPM has research grant funding from Gilead, Abbvie, Albireo, and Mirum. BANT: Advisor or consultant: Abbvie, Akero, Aldeyra, Aligos, Arrowhead, Corcept, Galectin, GSK, Hepion, HistoIndex, Madrigal, Merck, Mirum, Pfizer, Sagimet, Senseion; Stock options: HepGene, HeptaBio; Institutional research grants: Madrigal. SAX: Institutional research grants: Target Real World Evidence. EDAT- 2026/08/30 23:36 MHDA- 2026/08/30 23:36 CRDT- 2026/08/30 19:10 PHST- 2026/03/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/30 23:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/30 23:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/30 19:10 [entrez] AID - S2589-5559(26)00287-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jhepr.2026.102016 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - JHEP Rep. 2026 Aug 30:102016. doi: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2026.102016. PMID- 42668018 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260923 LR - 20261001 IS - 2405-4577 (Electronic) IS - 2405-4577 (Linking) VI - 75 DP - 2026 Oct TI - A 12-week home-based exercise program with nutritional guidance is associated with improved functional capacity in chronic liver disease. PG - 105073 LID - S2405-4577(26)02170-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.clnesp.2026.105073 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND & AIMS: Although exercise therapy improves physical function in chronic liver disease (CLD), structured programs remain underutilized in routine hepatology care. We evaluated the feasibility, safety, and potential functional impact of a structured home-based exercise program in patients with CLD. METHODS: In this prospective study, patients with CLD received guideline-based nutritional guidance, followed by a 12-week individualized home-based exercise program combining aerobic and resistance training. Primary endpoints were changes in functional capacity (6-min walking test, Liver Frailty Index, Short Physical Performance Battery), muscle strength, and muscle mass. Secondary endpoints included laboratory parameters and exercise-related adverse events. RESULTS: Among 46 patients (median age 75 years; 70% male), including 20 (46%) with cirrhosis (median Child-Pugh score 5), 43 (93%) completed the 12-week intervention. Significant improvements were observed from baseline at week 12 in 6-min walking test (Hodges-Lehmann estimate, 33 m; 95% confidence interval [CI] 14-49), Liver Frailty Index (-0.14; 95% CI, -0.23 to -0.02), and Short Physical Performance Battery (1; 95% CI, 1-2). Body weight-normalized knee extensor strength significantly increased (0.03; 95%CI, 0.01-0.06), whereas handgrip strength and skeletal muscle mass did not change. Physical activity increased after physiotherapist instruction and were maintained throughout the intervention period. No exercise-related serious adverse events or deterioration in liver functional reserves were observed. CONCLUSIONS: A home-based exercise program, combining aerobic and resistance training, with periodic adjustment by rehabilitation professionals was feasible, safe, and associated with improvements in functional capacity in patients with CLD, without adverse effects on liver functional reserves. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study protocol is registered at Japan Registry of Clinical Trials (jRCT1040230078). CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Unome, Shinji AU - Unome S AD - Department of Gastroenterology/Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan. Electronic address: unome.shinji.t7@f.gifu-u.ac.jp. FAU - Miwa, Takao AU - Miwa T AD - Department of Gastroenterology/Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan; Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA. Electronic address: miwa.takao.a6@f.gifu-u.ac.jp. FAU - Atago, Yoshihiko AU - Atago Y AD - Department of Rehabilitation and Orthopedics, Gifu University Hospital, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan. Electronic address: atago.yoshihiko.s1@f.gifu-u.ac.jp. FAU - Nakashima, Satomi AU - Nakashima S AD - Center for Nutrition Support and Infection Control, Gifu University Hospital, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan. Electronic address: nakashima.satomi.h9@f.gifu-u.ac.jp. FAU - Nishimura, Kayoko AU - Nishimura K AD - Center for Nutrition Support and Infection Control, Gifu University Hospital, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan. Electronic address: nishimura.kayoko.m1@f.gifu-u.ac.jp. FAU - Hiraoka, Shinya AU - Hiraoka S AD - Department of Gastroenterology/Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan. Electronic address: hiraoka.shinya.t8@f.gifu-u.ac.jp. FAU - Aiba, Masashi AU - Aiba M AD - Department of Gastroenterology/Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan. Electronic address: aiba.masashi.v4@f.gifu-u.ac.jp. FAU - Imai, Kenji AU - Imai K AD - Department of Gastroenterology/Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan. Electronic address: imai.kenji.c1@f.gifu-u.ac.jp. FAU - Shirakami, Yohei AU - Shirakami Y AD - Department of Gastroenterology/Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan. Electronic address: shirakami.yohei.t3@f.gifu-u.ac.jp. FAU - Takai, Koji AU - Takai K AD - Department of Gastroenterology/Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan. Electronic address: takai.koji.t2@f.gifu-u.ac.jp. FAU - Aoki, Takaaki AU - Aoki T AD - Department of Rehabilitation and Orthopedics, Gifu University Hospital, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan. Electronic address: aoki.takaaki.j5@f.gifu-u.ac.jp. FAU - Shimizu, Masahito AU - Shimizu M AD - Department of Gastroenterology/Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan. Electronic address: shimizu.masahito.j1@f.gifu-u.ac.jp. LA - eng PT - Clinical Trial PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260829 PL - England TA - Clin Nutr ESPEN JT - Clinical nutrition ESPEN JID - 101654592 SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Chronic Disease MH - *Exercise Therapy/methods MH - Feasibility Studies MH - *Liver Diseases/therapy/physiopathology MH - Muscle Strength MH - Nutritional Status MH - Prospective Studies MH - Resistance Training MH - Treatment Outcome OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cirrhosis OT - Frailty OT - Liver rehabilitation OT - Sarcopenia OT - Training COIS- Conflict of interest The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/29 23:35 MHDA- 2026/09/23 05:34 CRDT- 2026/08/29 19:11 PHST- 2026/06/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/23 05:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/29 23:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/29 19:11 [entrez] AID - S2405-4577(26)02170-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.clnesp.2026.105073 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2026 Oct;75:105073. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2026.105073. Epub 2026 Aug 29. PMID- 42666156 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260829 LR - 20260908 IS - 1664-2392 (Print) IS - 1664-2392 (Electronic) IS - 1664-2392 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Scale-up of the Diactive-1 mHealth program integrating tailored resistance training as an educational strategy for self-management in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: protocol for an 11-hospital multicenter randomized controlled trial. PG - 1913568 LID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1913568 [doi] LID - 1913568 AB - INTRODUCTION: Physical activity is strongly recommended for youth with type 1 diabetes, yet many children and adolescents do not meet current exercise guidelines, partly because of fear of hypoglycemia. Resistance training may offer metabolic and musculoskeletal benefits, but its implementation in routine pediatric diabetes care remains limited. Diactive-1 is an mHealth program designed to deliver tailored resistance-training sessions combined with glucose-management educational support. This multicenter trial aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Diactive-1 (v2.0) in improving hangrip strength in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. METHODS: This study is a 12-week, parallel-group, multicenter randomized controlled trial conducted across 11 Spanish pediatric endocrinology units. The target sample size is 158 children and adolescents aged 10-18 years with type 1 diabetes, with 79 participants allocated to each group. Participants will be randomized to either the Diactive-1 intervention or usual clinical care. The intervention group will use the Diactive-1 (v2.0) app, which provides individualized resistance-training programs, glucose-related educational prompts, safety thresholds for exercise, and engagement strategies such as gamification. The primary outcome will be the change in age- and sex-standardized handgrip strength z-score from baseline to 12 weeks. Secondary outcomes will include glycemic stability, insulin requirements, cardiometabolic markers, physical literacy, quality of life, psychological well-being, app usability, and intervention engagement. Analyses will follow the intention-to-treat principle using mixed-effects models. EXPECTED OUTCOMES AND DISCUSSION: This trial will assess whether a scalable mHealth-supported resistance-training program can improve muscular strength and support diabetes self-management in routine pediatric care. By testing Diactive-1 across multiple hospitals and real-world settings, the study will provide evidence on the external validity, feasibility, and potential clinical integration of digitally supported exercise education for youth with type 1 diabetes. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethical approval was granted by the Research Ethics Committee for Medicinal Products of the Government of Navarra. Written informed consent will be obtained from parents or legal guardians, with age-appropriate assent from minors. Findings will be disseminated through scientific conferences, peer-reviewed publications, and summaries shared with participating families. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07290868, identifier NCT07290868. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Sanchez-Arlegui, Munoz-Pardeza, Hormazabal-Aguayo, Abio-Abero, Bertholt-Zuber, Alonso-Rubio, Burillo-Sanchez, Chueca-Guindulain, Cifuentes-Zamalloa, Congost-Marin, Diez-Lopez, Ferrer-Lozano, Garcia-Navas, Gonzalez-Garcia, Huidobro-Fernandez, Lalaguna-Mallada, Llorente-Cereza, Maeso-Mendez, Riano-Galan, Ruiz-del Campo, Salcedo Fresneda, Vara-Callau, Vela-Desojo, Ezzatvar and Garcia-Hermoso. FAU - Sanchez-Arlegui, Amaia AU - Sanchez-Arlegui A AD - Public Healthcare Service of Navarra-Osasunbidea (SNS-O), Universidad Publica de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, Spain. FAU - Munoz-Pardeza, Jacinto AU - Munoz-Pardeza J AD - Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, Universidad Publica de Navarra (UPNA), Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain. FAU - Hormazabal-Aguayo, Ignacio AU - Hormazabal-Aguayo I AD - Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, Universidad Publica de Navarra (UPNA), Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain. AD - Office of the Vice-Rector for Research and Graduate Studies, Universidad de La Serena, La Serena, Chile. FAU - Abio-Abero, Sonia AU - Abio-Abero S AD - Pediatrics Service, Hospital San Jorge, Huesca, Spain. FAU - Bertholt-Zuber, Maria Laura AU - Bertholt-Zuber ML AD - Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Hospital Universitario Marques de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain. FAU - Alonso-Rubio, Pablo AU - Alonso-Rubio P AD - Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Hospital Universitario Marques de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain. FAU - Burillo-Sanchez, Elisabet AU - Burillo-Sanchez E AD - Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain. FAU - Chueca-Guindulain, Maria J AU - Chueca-Guindulain MJ AD - Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain. FAU - Cifuentes-Zamalloa, Claudia AU - Cifuentes-Zamalloa C AD - Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Hospital Universitario Cruces, Barakaldo, Spain. FAU - Congost-Marin, Sofia AU - Congost-Marin S AD - Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Hospital Clinico Universitario Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain. FAU - Diez-Lopez, Ignacio AU - Diez-Lopez I AD - Pediatrics Service, Hospital de Araba, Vitoria, Spain. FAU - Ferrer-Lozano, Marta AU - Ferrer-Lozano M AD - Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Hospital Infantil Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain. FAU - Garcia-Navas, Patricia AU - Garcia-Navas P AD - Pediatrics Service, Hospital San Pedro, Logrono, Spain. FAU - Gonzalez-Garcia, Lara Gloria AU - Gonzalez-Garcia LG AD - Pediatrics Service, Hospital de Cabuenes, Gijon, Spain. FAU - Huidobro-Fernandez, Belen AU - Huidobro-Fernandez B AD - Pediatrics Service, Hospital de Cabuenes, Gijon, Spain. FAU - Lalaguna-Mallada, Paula AU - Lalaguna-Mallada P AD - Pediatrics Service, Hospital de Barbastro, Huesca, Spain. FAU - Llorente-Cereza, Maria Teresa AU - Llorente-Cereza MT AD - Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain. FAU - Maeso-Mendez, Sandra AU - Maeso-Mendez S AD - Pediatrics Service, Hospital de Araba, Vitoria, Spain. FAU - Riano-Galan, Isolina AU - Riano-Galan I AD - Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain. FAU - Ruiz-Del Campo, Maria AU - Ruiz-Del Campo M AD - Pediatrics Service, Hospital San Pedro, Logrono, Spain. FAU - Salcedo Fresneda, Oihane AU - Salcedo Fresneda O AD - Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain. FAU - Vara-Callau, Marta AU - Vara-Callau M AD - Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Hospital Infantil Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain. FAU - Vela-Desojo, Amaia AU - Vela-Desojo A AD - Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Hospital Universitario Cruces, Barakaldo, Spain. FAU - Ezzatvar, Yasmin AU - Ezzatvar Y AD - Lifestyle factors with impact on Ageing and overall Health (LAH) Research Group, Departamento de Enfermeria, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain. AD - Vicerrectoria de Investigacion y Postgrado, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile. FAU - Garcia-Hermoso, Antonio AU - Garcia-Hermoso A AD - Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, Universidad Publica de Navarra (UPNA), Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT07290868 PT - Clinical Trial Protocol PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260814 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) JT - Frontiers in endocrinology JID - 101555782 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/therapy MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - *Resistance Training/methods MH - Multicenter Studies as Topic MH - Female MH - *Self-Management/education/methods MH - Male MH - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic MH - *Patient Education as Topic/methods MH - Telemedicine MH - Quality of Life PMC - PMC13521802 OTO - NOTNLM OT - digital health OT - education OT - mHealth OT - strength training OT - type 1 diabetes COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/29 05:35 MHDA- 2026/08/29 05:36 PMCR- 2026/08/14 CRDT- 2026/08/29 04:31 PHST- 2026/06/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/29 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/29 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/29 04:31 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1913568 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2026 Aug 14;17:1913568. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2026.1913568. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42665290 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260828 IS - 1552-6127 (Electronic) IS - 1090-1981 (Linking) DP - 2026 Aug 28 TI - A Therapeutic Exercise Programme for Trans and Gender Diverse Youth: An Effectiveness-Implementation Trial. PG - 10901981261479283 LID - 10.1177/10901981261479283 [doi] AB - Trans young people face systemic barriers to physical activity participation and experience disproportionately higher rates of physical and mental health challenges compared with their cisgender peers, yet evidence-based exercise interventions tailored to this population remain limited. This study evaluated a 12-week structured, group-based, gender-affirming exercise programme for trans youth aged 12 to 24 years in Western Australia, recruited through a specialist paediatric gender diversity service and community-based health and well-being services. Using a nonrandomised effectiveness-implementation hybrid design, the study assessed both the real-world implementation outcomes and health-related effectiveness of the programme, which was collaboratively designed with trans young people, families, and health professionals and grounded in international physical activity guidelines. Twenty participants enrolled, with 18 completing postprogramme assessments. Quantitative analysis revealed modest improvements in muscular strength, endurance, power, aerobic recovery, and well-being from baseline to 12 weeks, alongside high acceptability, appropriateness, feasibility, fidelity, and retention rates. Qualitative analysis identified themes relating to pathways to participation, connection through shared experience, supportive facilitation, and perceived physical and psychological benefits. This study adds to the limited evidence base by demonstrating that gender-affirming exercise programmes are both feasible and acceptable across clinical and community settings. Findings support the broader integration of exercise into gender-affirming health care, with implications for the design of inclusive health services and physical activity policies that address the specific needs of trans youth. FAU - Austin, Felicity AU - Austin F AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-1287-8280 AD - The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia. AD - The Kids Research Institute Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. AD - Thriving in Motion, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. FAU - Wright, Kemi AU - Wright K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7146-0835 AD - The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia. AD - Thriving in Motion, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. AD - University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. FAU - Lin, Ashleigh AU - Lin A AD - The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia. AD - La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Jackson, Ben AU - Jackson B AD - The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia. AD - The Kids Research Institute Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. FAU - Moore, Julia K AU - Moore JK AD - The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia. AD - Perth Children's Hospital, Western Australia, Australia. FAU - Saunders, Liz AU - Saunders L AD - The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia. AD - Perth Children's Hospital, Western Australia, Australia. FAU - Laming, Bridget AU - Laming B AD - The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia. AD - Thriving in Motion, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. FAU - Munsie, Claire AU - Munsie C AD - Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. FAU - Kramer, Ben AU - Kramer B AD - The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia. AD - Thriving in Motion, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. AD - South Metropolitan Health Service, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia. FAU - Quick, Ben AU - Quick B AD - The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia. AD - Thriving in Motion, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. FAU - Almarjawi, Ashley AU - Almarjawi A AD - Thriving in Motion, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. FAU - Simpson, Aaron AU - Simpson A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0660-488X AD - The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia. AD - The Kids Research Institute Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. FAU - Furzer, Bonnie AU - Furzer B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0321-6988 AD - The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia. AD - The Kids Research Institute Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. AD - Thriving in Motion, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. AD - South Metropolitan Health Service, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260828 PL - United States TA - Health Educ Behav JT - Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education JID - 9704962 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - exercise therapy OT - gender identity OT - health OT - physical fitness OT - transgender person EDAT- 2026/08/28 23:34 MHDA- 2026/08/28 23:34 CRDT- 2026/08/28 20:32 PHST- 2026/08/28 23:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/28 23:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/28 20:32 [entrez] AID - 10.1177/10901981261479283 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Health Educ Behav. 2026 Aug 28:10901981261479283. doi: 10.1177/10901981261479283. PMID- 42665051 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261005 LR - 20261005 IS - 1938-3207 (Electronic) IS - 0002-9165 (Linking) VI - 124 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Major dietary protein sources during pregnancy and obesity risk in mothers and offspring: A prospective cohort study. PG - 101508 LID - S0002-9165(26)00317-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2026.101508 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Maternal protein intake during pregnancy may influence long-term obesity risk in mothers and offspring, but the role of specific dietary protein sources remains unclear. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to examine the associations of major dietary protein sources during pregnancy with maternal postpartum weight retention (PPWR) and offspring overweight/obesity, and to evaluate isocaloric substitution between sources. METHODS: In 59,791 mothers from the Danish National Birth Cohort (1996-2002), diet at 25 wk of gestation was assessed by a validated food-frequency questionnaire. Log-binomial regression and isocaloric substitution models estimated adjusted relative risks (RRs) for maternal PPWR >5 kg at 6-18 mo postpartum and offspring overweight/obesity at ages 7-11 y. RESULTS: Overall, 10,678 (22.1%) mothers had PPWR >5 kg, and 8287 (19.0%) offspring developed overweight/obesity. Comparing highest with lowest quintile of intake (% energy), higher total plant [RR: 0.86; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.81, 0.91], grain (RR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.82, 0.91), legume and nut (RR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.88, 0.98), poultry (RR: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.85, 0.95), and fish protein (RR: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.86, 0.95) were associated with lower maternal PPWR risk, whereas higher red meat protein intake with higher risk (RR: 1.11; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.17). For offspring overweight/obesity, higher total animal (RR: 1.12; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.19), red meat (RR: 1.06; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.13), and dairy protein (RR: 1.11; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.17) were associated with higher risk, whereas poultry (RR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.89, 0.99) and fish protein (RR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.88, 0.99) with modestly lower risk. Replacing 1% of energy from total animal protein with plant protein, or from red meat or dairy protein with poultry, fish, or grain protein, was associated with 4%-6% lower maternal PPWR risk; corresponding substitutions with poultry or fish protein were associated with 3%-4% lower offspring risk. CONCLUSIONS: During pregnancy, substituting poultry or fish protein for red meat or dairy protein was associated with lower risks of both maternal PPWR and offspring overweight/obesity, supporting consideration of protein source in food-based dietary guidance. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 American Society for Nutrition. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Zhang, Hanyue AU - Zhang H AD - Research Unit for Diet and Health, The Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark; Global Centre for Asian Women's Health, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. Electronic address: hanyue.zhang@nus.edu.sg. FAU - Zheng, Miaobing AU - Zheng M AD - School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health & Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. FAU - Halldorsson, Thornorhallur I AU - Halldorsson ThornI AD - Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark; Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland. FAU - Olsen, Sjurdur F AU - Olsen SF AD - Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States. FAU - Simpson, Stephen J AU - Simpson SJ AD - Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. FAU - Raubenheimer, David AU - Raubenheimer D AD - Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. FAU - Heitmann, Berit L AU - Heitmann BL AD - Research Unit for Diet and Health, The Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark; Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Section for General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Electronic address: Berit.Lilienthal.Heitmann@regionh.dk. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260911 PL - United States TA - Am J Clin Nutr JT - The American journal of clinical nutrition JID - 0376027 RN - 0 (Dietary Proteins) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *Dietary Proteins/administration & dosage MH - *Obesity/etiology/epidemiology MH - Prospective Studies MH - Denmark/epidemiology MH - Adult MH - Child MH - *Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena MH - Diet MH - Risk Factors MH - Overweight/etiology/epidemiology MH - Postpartum Period MH - Cohort Studies OTO - NOTNLM OT - Danish National Birth Cohort OT - childhood obesity OT - dietary protein OT - postpartum weight retention OT - pregnancy OT - protein source OT - substitution analysis COIS- Conflict of interest The authors report no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/28 23:34 MHDA- 2026/10/05 23:29 CRDT- 2026/08/28 19:11 PHST- 2026/05/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/05 23:29 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/28 23:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/28 19:11 [entrez] AID - S0002-9165(26)00317-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2026.101508 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Am J Clin Nutr. 2026 Oct;124(4):101508. doi: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2026.101508. Epub 2026 Sep 11. PMID- 42663907 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260915 LR - 20261008 IS - 1867-0687 (Electronic) VI - 22 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Waist-to-height ratio as a practical indicator for screening pediatric metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in diverse populations and genetic backgrounds. PG - 805-818 LID - 10.1007/s12519-026-01084-9 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the leading chronic liver disease in children and adolescents; this parallels the global obesity epidemic. The contribution of genetic susceptibility to pediatric MASLD, and its interaction with anthropometric and biochemical indices used for non-invasive screening remains poorly understood. We aimed to evaluate waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) as a simple, equitable, and scalable tool for early identification of pediatric MASLD and relate this to genetic risk. METHODS: We combined school-based data from 1010 Chinese children with analyses of the Global Burden of Disease, the 1000 Genomes Project, and the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Thirteen MASLD-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped to construct a genetic risk score (GRS). We examined global epidemiological patterns, quantified inter-population allele divergence, and assessed how GRS modifies cutoffs and performance of nine anthropometric and biochemical indices. RESULTS: Genetic analysis revealed minimal frequency divergence across most ancestries (mean Fixation index < 0.05), except for the African ancestry where there was moderate divergence. Higher GRS were associated with lower cutoffs across indices. When GRS Z-score increased from -3 to 3, visceral adiposity index showed the sharpest changes (Z-score decreased from 1.5 to -1.8), while BFP (1.2 to 0.1) and WHtR (1.5 to 0.1) showed gradual change. Furthermore, incorporating GRS into the base anthropometric models yielded only marginal improvements in overall screening performance [area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and Youden Index]. Validation in NHANES showed WHtR >/= 0.48 retained high discrimination (AUC > 0.87) across most genetic variants. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that WHtR is a consistent and practical tool for screening pediatric patients with MASLD across diverse populations. While genetic variation may influence optimal thresholds, WHtR >/= 0.48 appears broadly applicable, supporting its potential use as a frontline screening metric in diverse settings. CI - (c) 2026. Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine. FAU - Liu, Yun-Fei AU - Liu YF AD - Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. FAU - Wang, You-Xin AU - Wang YX AD - Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. FAU - Li, Li AU - Li L AD - Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China. FAU - Shi, Di AU - Shi D AD - Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. FAU - Wolters, Maike AU - Wolters M AD - Department of Epidemiological Methods and Etiological Research, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany. FAU - Zhang, Ping-Ping AU - Zhang PP AD - Ningbo Center for Healthy Lifestyle Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China. FAU - Dang, Jia-Jia AU - Dang JJ AD - Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. FAU - Cai, Shan AU - Cai S AD - Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. FAU - Huang, Tian-Yu AU - Huang TY AD - Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. FAU - Wang, Ya-Qi AU - Wang YQ AD - Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. FAU - Liu, Jie-Yu AU - Liu JY AD - Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. FAU - Wang, Ming-Yue AU - Wang MY AD - Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. FAU - Wu, Yu-Ying AU - Wu YY AD - Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. FAU - Nur, Enkar AU - Nur E AD - Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. FAU - Lian, Wen-Jia AU - Lian WJ AD - Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. FAU - Guo, Li-Po AU - Guo LP AD - Changping Health Education Center for Primary and Secondary Schools, Beijing, China. FAU - Li, Yuan-Yuan AU - Li YY AD - Changping Health Education Center for Primary and Secondary Schools, Beijing, China. FAU - Song, Jie-Yun AU - Song JY AD - Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. FAU - Li, Jing AU - Li J AD - Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. FAU - Dong, Yan-Hui AU - Dong YH AD - Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. FAU - Cui, Yan-Chun AU - Cui YC AD - Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. FAU - Hebestreit, Antje AU - Hebestreit A AD - Department of Epidemiological Methods and Etiological Research, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany. FAU - Yeo, Yee Hui AU - Yeo YH AD - Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA. FAU - Sawyer, Susan M AU - Sawyer SM AD - Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia. AD - Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia. AD - Centre for Adolescent Health, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia. FAU - Wang, Hui AU - Wang H AD - Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. huiwang@bjmu.edu.cn. FAU - Song, Yi AU - Song Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6990-6781 AD - Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. songyi@bjmu.edu.cn. LA - eng GR - 2022-1G-4251/Capital's Funds for Health Improvement and Research/ GR - 82273654/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - LTGY24H260007/Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - 2025KY1315/Medical Health Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Province/ GR - 2022-B126/Cyrus Tang Foundation for Young Scholar 2022/ GR - 202406010179/China Scholarship Council/ GR - 202406010169/China Scholarship Council/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260828 PL - Switzerland TA - World J Pediatr JT - World journal of pediatrics : WJP JID - 101278599 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Female MH - *Waist-Height Ratio MH - Male MH - Genetic Predisposition to Disease MH - Adolescent MH - *Fatty Liver/diagnosis/genetics/epidemiology MH - Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide MH - China MH - Mass Screening/methods MH - Genetic Risk Score MH - Nutrition Surveys OTO - NOTNLM OT - Genetic variants OT - Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease OT - Pediatric OT - Screening OT - Waist-to-height ratio COIS- Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors declare no competing interests. Ethical approval: The Beijing study and Ningbo study received approval from the Ethics Committee of Review Board of Peking University Health Science Center (Approval No. 00001052-22018) and the Ethics Committee of Ningbo First Hospital (Approval No. 2021-R168), respectively. Written informed consent was obtained from the children and their parents prior to enrollment. Analyses based on the GBD, 1000G Project, and NHANES datasets used publicly available de-identified data and therefore did not require additional ethical approval. The authors confirm that they are accountable for all aspects of the work including full data access, data integrity, and accuracy of data analysis. EDAT- 2026/08/28 18:06 MHDA- 2026/09/15 18:07 CRDT- 2026/08/28 11:27 PHST- 2025/12/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/15 18:07 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/28 18:06 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/28 11:27 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s12519-026-01084-9 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s12519-026-01084-9 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - World J Pediatr. 2026 Jul;22(7):805-818. doi: 10.1007/s12519-026-01084-9. Epub 2026 Aug 28. PMID- 42663583 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260828 LR - 20260828 IS - 2219-6749 (Electronic) IS - 0258-414X (Print) IS - 0258-414X (Linking) VI - 44 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Aug 27 TI - Is the cervical bone a biological marker for bone age assessment? PG - 57-66 LID - 10.5281/zenodo.21849300 [doi] AB - Age assessment is essential in forensic practice when the chronological age of living individuals is unknown, particularly in legal, civil, migration, and asylum contexts requiring the judicial determination of age-related rights and responsibilities. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of two cervical vertebral methods in a Portuguese reference subadult population (6-23 years), ethnically homogeneous, using the analysis of the fourth cervical vertebra (C4) on lateral cephalometric radiographs. Two approaches were applied: Baccetti's qualitative morphological staging of C2-C4 and Cameriere's morphometric ratio of C4. A total of 528 lateral cephalometric radiographs, balanced by age and sex, were analysed independently by trained observers. Intra- and inter-observer reliability were evaluated using Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and weighted Cohen's kappa (kappa). Statistical procedures included correlation analyses, multiple linear regression, Classification Trees (CT), and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves to assess performance at legally relevant thresholds (12, 14, 16, 18 years). Baccetti's method explained 75.3% (coefficient of determination R(2)=0.753) of chronological age variability, with a mean error of approximately two years and high accuracy for thresholds of 12-16 years. Cameriere's ratio showed lower explanatory capacity (R(2)=0.568) and a mean error of 2.7 years, although its ROC curves demonstrated good discriminatory performance across all age cut-offs. The combination of both methods showed a slight increase in predictive performance (R(2)=0.784), although this combined approach was not formally evaluated as an independent model. Females reached skeletal maturity earlier, although error rates were similar between sexes. Reliability was excellent across methods. Both approaches proved applicable for forensic age assessment, offering complementary advantages: Baccetti's method provides broader morphological interpretation, whereas Cameriere's morphometric ratio offers objectivity and reproducibility. These population-specific reference data support the forensic use of cervical vertebral analysis as part of a multimodal age estimation framework. CI - Copyright(c) 2026 IOFOS This work is published and licensed by International Organization for Forensic Odonto-Stomatology. FAU - Pereira, Cristiana Palmela AU - Pereira CP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9164-7189 AD - School of Dental Medicine University of Lisbon. FAU - Bonvini, Rebeca AU - Bonvini R AD - Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Genoa, Italy. FAU - Santos, Rui AU - Santos R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7371-363X AD - School of Technology and Management, Polytechnic University of Leiria. FAU - Vanin, Stefano AU - Vanin S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1676-5916 AD - Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Genoa, Italy. FAU - Cameriere, Roberto AU - Cameriere R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3775-2244 AD - Department of Medicine and Health Science "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, Age Estimation Project, Campobasso, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260827 PL - Australia TA - J Forensic Odontostomatol JT - The Journal of forensic odonto-stomatology JID - 8501421 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Age Determination by Skeleton/methods MH - *Cervical Vertebrae/diagnostic imaging/growth & development/anatomy & histology MH - Female MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - Cephalometry MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Portugal PMC - PMC13713070 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Baccetti's morphological staging system OT - Bone Age Assessment OT - Cameriere's morphometric method OT - Cephalometric OT - Cervical Vertebrae COIS- The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work. EDAT- 2026/08/28 11:49 MHDA- 2026/08/28 11:50 PMCR- 2026/12/15 CRDT- 2026/08/28 10:23 PHST- 2026/08/28 11:50 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/28 11:49 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/28 10:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/12/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JFOS-44-2-57 [pii] AID - 10.5281/zenodo.21849300 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Forensic Odontostomatol. 2026 Aug 27;44(2):57-66. doi: 10.5281/zenodo.21849300. PMID- 42663580 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260828 LR - 20261009 IS - 2219-6749 (Electronic) IS - 0258-414X (Print) IS - 0258-414X (Linking) VI - 44 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Aug 27 TI - The use of canine dimensions as markers for sex estimation in biological profiling. PG - 23-34 LID - 10.5281/zenodo.21849228 [doi] AB - Forensic dentistry focuses on identifying individuals through distinctive characteristics of their dental structures. There is a lack of documentation of dental records in developing countries, particularly in Ghana. Therefore, the study aimed to generate detailed baseline data on the sexually dimorphic features of the canine tooth. A convenience sampling technique was employed to recruit a total of 280 participants (140 males and 140 females) aged 18-42 years. Ethical approval was obtained from the Committee on Human Research, Publications and Ethics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology. Informed consent was sought from the participants. Dental impressions were made using alginate powder, and study models were prepared using dental stone. Measurements of right and left mesiodistal width of the mandibular and maxillary canines, and Intercanine distances were taken using Digital Vernier Calipers. The means of the Right and Left Mandibular, Maxillary Mesiodistal Widths, Intercanine Distances, and the Right Mandibular Canine index were sexually dimorphic. Binary logistic regression analyses showed that models employing the Right and Left Mandibular Mesiodistal Width, Mandibular Intercanine Distance, Maxillary Intercanine Distance, Right and Left Maxillary Mesiodistal Width, and Right Mandibular Canine Index were good and statistically significant in predicting sex. The best-performing model was the Left Maxillary Mesiodistal Width, which correctly predicted 65% of males and 67.9% of females, with an overall prediction accuracy of 66.40%. Microdont was the predominant tooth type for left and right maxillary canines, followed by mesodont and microdont among both sexes. The results of this study indicate sexual dimorphism, providing a baseline for further research. Canine dimensions, combined with other dental and skeletal indicators, can enhance the accuracy of sex estimation. CI - Copyright(c) 2026 IOFOS This work is published and licensed by International Organization for Forensic Odonto-Stomatology. FAU - Sarkodie, Francis Kofi AU - Sarkodie FK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0900-4724 AD - Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana. FAU - Abaidoo, Chrissie Stansie AU - Abaidoo CS AD - Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana. FAU - Tetteh, Joshua AU - Tetteh J AD - Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana. FAU - Diby, Thomas Koukou AU - Diby TK AD - Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana. FAU - Bimpong, Samuel AU - Bimpong S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9062-800X AD - Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana. FAU - Appiah, Atta Kusi AU - Appiah AK AD - Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana. FAU - Darko, Nancy Darkoa AU - Darko ND AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6009-5713 AD - Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana. FAU - Nketsiah, James AU - Nketsiah J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2182-9163 AD - Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana. FAU - Adjei-Antwi, Collins AU - Adjei-Antwi C AD - Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana. FAU - Atobiga, Clement Nsobire AU - Atobiga CN AD - Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana. FAU - Robertson, Juliet AU - Robertson J AD - Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana. FAU - Peprah Bempah, Samuel Kwadwo AU - Peprah Bempah SK AD - Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana. FAU - Okwan, Daniel Kobina AU - Okwan DK AD - Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana. FAU - Achiaa Domfeh, Ethel Akua AU - Achiaa Domfeh EA AD - Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana. FAU - Obeng, Priscilla AU - Obeng P AD - Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana. FAU - Afriyie, Sarah Owusu AU - Afriyie SO AD - Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260827 PL - Australia TA - J Forensic Odontostomatol JT - The Journal of forensic odonto-stomatology JID - 8501421 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Cuspid/anatomy & histology MH - Female MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - Forensic Dentistry MH - *Sex Characteristics MH - Adult MH - Odontometry MH - Models, Dental MH - Mandible PMC - PMC13645325 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Dental Impressions OT - Dental Records OT - Intercanine Distance OT - Mandibular Canine Index OT - Maxillary Canine Index OT - Mesiodistal Width COIS- The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work. EDAT- 2026/08/28 11:49 MHDA- 2026/08/28 11:50 PMCR- 2026/12/15 CRDT- 2026/08/28 10:23 PHST- 2026/08/28 11:50 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/28 11:49 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/28 10:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/12/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JFOS-44-2-23 [pii] AID - 10.5281/zenodo.21849228 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Forensic Odontostomatol. 2026 Aug 27;44(2):23-34. doi: 10.5281/zenodo.21849228. PMID- 42663578 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260828 LR - 20261009 IS - 2219-6749 (Electronic) IS - 0258-414X (Print) IS - 0258-414X (Linking) VI - 44 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Aug 27 TI - Sexual dimorphism based on metric and non-metric parameters of human teeth in a Brazilian population. PG - 2-15 LID - 10.5281/zenodo.21848953 [doi] AB - In forensic contexts, incomplete or fragmented bones are frequently encountered due to post-mortem damage and taphonomic changes, and teeth can be considered a valid and reliable source for sex estimation, as they are among the most resistant structures of the human body. Methods based on metric and non-metric dental traits are commonly used for sex estimation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of sexual dimorphism in a Brazilian population through metric and non-metric analysis of teeth. A total of 73 individuals aged between 18 and 25 years were evaluated. All analyses were conducted on the upper jaw. The metric analysis consisted of obtaining buccolingual and mesiodistal measurements of the clinical crown of the teeth. In addition to measurements for each tooth, the maxillary dental arch perimeter and intercanine distance were also considered. The non-metric analysis consisted of observing and describing traits present or absent in the teeth, using the ASUDAS. Intraobserver error was assessed using the paired t-test and the Dahlberg method. Parametric or non-parametric tests were applied according to the data distribution. The mesiodistal and buccolingual dimensions proved effective for identifying sex differences, except for teeth 12/22 (mesiodistal) and 13/23 (buccolingual). The maxillary dental arch perimeter and intercanine distance were significantly larger in males. Regarding non-metric traits, the results were less significant; only a few teeth presented traits associated with sexual dimorphism: the lingual tubercle (tooth 22), the mesial marginal ridge tubercle (tooth 26), and the hypocone cusp (teeth 17 and 27). It is concluded that the findings, although relevant, should be interpreted with caution, as their consistency still needs to be confirmed. Therefore, additional studies with larger samples from different regions of Brazil are necessary to validate these parameters and consider them reliable in anthropological and forensic contexts. CI - Copyright(c) 2026 IOFOS This work is published and licensed by International Organization for Forensic Odonto-Stomatology. FAU - Costa Rossi Junior, Wagner AU - Costa Rossi Junior W AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9889-414X AD - Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL), Alfenas, MG, Brazil. FAU - Esteves, Alessandra AU - Esteves A AD - Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL), Alfenas, MG, Brazil. FAU - Alves Nogueira, Denismar AU - Alves Nogueira D AD - Department of Statistics, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL), Alfenas, MG, Brazil. FAU - Silva Pereira, Bruna AU - Silva Pereira B AD - School of Dentistry, Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL), Alfenas, MG, Brazil. FAU - Chiomark Malaquias, Lara Kramer AU - Chiomark Malaquias LK AD - School of Dentistry, Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL), Alfenas, MG, Brazil. FAU - de Araujo Oliveira, Clarice AU - de Araujo Oliveira C AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-9562-1427 AD - Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto (FMRP), University of Sao Paulo (USP), Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil. FAU - Alves da Silva, Ricardo Henrique AU - Alves da Silva RH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1532-1670 AD - Department of Stomatology, Public Health and Forensic Odontology, Ribeirao Preto School of Dentistry (FORP), University of Sao Paulo (USP), Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260827 PL - Australia TA - J Forensic Odontostomatol JT - The Journal of forensic odonto-stomatology JID - 8501421 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Brazil MH - Adolescent MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - Adult MH - *Sex Characteristics MH - Forensic Dentistry MH - *Tooth/anatomy & histology MH - *Odontometry MH - Tooth Crown/anatomy & histology PMC - PMC13645323 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Dentition OT - Forensic Anthropology OT - Forensic Dentistry OT - Permanent OT - Sex Characteristics OT - Sex Determination Analysis OT - Tooth COIS- The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work. EDAT- 2026/08/28 11:49 MHDA- 2026/08/28 11:50 PMCR- 2026/12/15 CRDT- 2026/08/28 10:23 PHST- 2026/08/28 11:50 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/28 11:49 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/28 10:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/12/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JFOS-44-2-02 [pii] AID - 10.5281/zenodo.21848953 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Forensic Odontostomatol. 2026 Aug 27;44(2):2-15. doi: 10.5281/zenodo.21848953. PMID- 42663493 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260828 IS - 1941-2452 (Electronic) IS - 0884-5336 (Linking) DP - 2026 Aug 28 TI - Seeing is believing: The evolving role of muscle ultrasound in comprehensive nutritional care of pediatric oncology patients-A case series. LID - 10.1002/ncp.70177 [doi] AB - Traditional nutritional assessments in pediatric oncology, such as weight and body mass index, often fail to accurately capture changes in body composition, frequently masking significant muscle depletion, or secondary sarcopenia. This retrospective case series evaluates the novel clinical application of muscle ultrasound (mUS) by a pediatric oncology dietitian to help objectively guide and monitor nutrition interventions. We report our observations regarding three pediatric patients with cancer (one school-aged child and two adolescents/young adults). Serial mUS measurements of the quadriceps femoris and rectus femoris were obtained alongside standard anthropometric data. Nutritional interventions, including appetite stimulants and enteral nutrition, were tailored based on these combined assessments. In all three cases, mUS findings were discordant with total body weight trends. One patient exhibited weight gain on appetite stimulants, but mUS revealed concurrent muscle loss, prompting a transition to enteral nutrition. Conversely, another patient experienced persistent weight loss, but mUS confirmed muscle preservation and growth and led to reduced healthcare utilization. These observations suggest mUS is a feasible, non-invasive tool with potential to complement conventional anthropometric measures by detecting subclinical muscle changes that may otherwise be missed. Given the small, heterogeneous sample and retrospective design, these findings should be considered as hypothesis-generating rather than conclusive and warrant further validation in larger, prospective studies before mUS can be recommended as a standard component of nutritional assessment in pediatric oncology. CI - (c) 2026 American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. FAU - Hawes, Corey AU - Hawes C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3444-0923 AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA. FAU - Radulescu, Vlad Calin AU - Radulescu VC AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA. FAU - Munnikhuysen, Senna AU - Munnikhuysen S AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260828 PL - United States TA - Nutr Clin Pract JT - Nutrition in clinical practice : official publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition JID - 8606733 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - body composition OT - muscle ultrasound OT - pediatric oncology OT - secondary sarcopenia EDAT- 2026/08/28 11:49 MHDA- 2026/08/28 11:49 CRDT- 2026/08/28 09:23 PHST- 2026/08/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/28 11:49 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/28 11:49 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/28 09:23 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/ncp.70177 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Nutr Clin Pract. 2026 Aug 28. doi: 10.1002/ncp.70177. PMID- 42663129 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260828 LR - 20260903 IS - 1613-9860 (Electronic) IS - 1869-6716 (Print) IS - 1613-9860 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jan 7 TI - Documenting two decades of longitudinal changes to a community-engaged obesity prevention intervention for Native American families to facilitate scale-up. LID - 10.1093/tbm/ibag056 [doi] LID - ibag056 AB - BACKGROUND: Community-based participatory research (CBPR) interventions frequently undergo adaptation as they move from efficacy studies to dissemination; yet long-term adaptations are rarely documented in ways that support replication or scale-up. PURPOSE: To demonstrate a structured approach for retrospectively documenting longitudinal adaptations to Healthy Children, Strong Families (HCSF)-a culturally grounded, evidence-based obesity prevention intervention for Native American families-as it evolved into Turtle Island Tales. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of permanent records generated between 2006 and 2026 spanning three major program iterations: HCSF1, HCSF2, and Turtle Island Tales. Guided by the Framework for Reporting Adaptations and Modifications to Evidence-based Interventions (FRAME), the implementation-strategy extension FRAME-IS, and the Adaptome, adaptations were categorized as changes to intervention governance, content, structure, or strategy. Data sources included intervention materials, study protocols, quantitative and qualitative trial data, meeting minutes, and emails. RESULTS: Adaptations were layered and interdependent and were documented as preserving core functions while supporting intended implementation outcomes (e.g. acceptability, feasibility, reach, adoption, sustainability). Governance adaptations reflected shifts from more centralized, CBPR-grounded adaptation and implementation processes to greater local decision-making by community implementers. Content adaptations included greater integration of traditional knowledge and new lessons addressing sleep, emotional regulation, and family traditions. Structural adaptations involved delivery changes aligned with community systems and development of culturally resonant branding and characters. Strategy adaptations included opt-out classroom-based recruitment, embedding implementation within existing community roles, and revised training materials. CONCLUSIONS: Organizing adaptations into governance, content, structure, and strategy provides a pragmatic approach for documenting flexibility across long-term CBPR partnerships and may offer considerations for documentation of intervention adaptations in similar settings. CLINICAL TRIAL INFORMATION: The Clinical Trials Registrations #NCT01776255, NCT06298149. CI - (c) Society of Behavioral Medicine 2026. FAU - Tomayko, Emily J AU - Tomayko EJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9074-0875 AD - Department of Food Systems, Nutrition, and Kinesiology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States. AD - Center for American Indian and Rural Health Excellence, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States. FAU - Estabrooks, Paul A AU - Estabrooks PA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2261-9886 AD - Department of Health and Kinesiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States. FAU - Warne, Teresa M AU - Warne TM AD - Center for American Indian and Rural Health Excellence, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States. FAU - Merle, James L AU - Merle JL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9646-2733 AD - Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States. FAU - Adams, Alexandra K AU - Adams AK AD - Center for American Indian and Rural Health Excellence, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT01776255 SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT06298149 GR - U54 CA280812/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - 5U54CA280812/National Cancer Institute of the National Institute of Health/ PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Transl Behav Med JT - Translational behavioral medicine JID - 101554668 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Community-Based Participatory Research MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Child MH - Female MH - *Indians, North American MH - *Health Promotion/methods MH - *Pediatric Obesity/prevention & control MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - *Obesity/prevention & control MH - *American Indian or Alaska Native MH - Male MH - Family PMC - PMC13522849 OAB - Health promotion interventions that demonstrate effectiveness in research settings often require refinement as they are used across different communities and delivery contexts, particularly when the intervention does not fully align with local needs, cultures, or systems. This article examines how a family-based wellness program developed in partnership with multiple Native American communities changed over two decades as it moved from research trials into broader community use. Originally developed as Healthy Children, Strong Families and later renamed Turtle Island Tales, the program underwent adaptations to strengthen cultural relevance, improve feasibility, and support sustained use. Over time, local community partners adjusted how the program was delivered, how families were invited to participate, and how materials reflected culture and community values. These changes included integrating cultural teachings and storytelling, shifting from mailed home delivery to school- and community-based delivery, and aligning implementation with existing community roles and systems. Throughout this process, the program's focus on family health promotion was intentionally maintained. By documenting a way to categorize adaptations across longer-term stages of program development, this article provides guidance for educators, community organizations, and researchers on how programs can be adapted across settings while maintaining the elements necessary to achieve intended outcomes. OABL- eng OTO - NOTNLM OT - American Indian/Alaska Native OT - health behavior OT - health promotion OT - implementation science OT - pediatric obesity OT - program evaluation COIS- All authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/28 11:49 MHDA- 2026/08/28 11:50 PMCR- 2026/08/28 CRDT- 2026/08/28 06:43 PHST- 2026/08/28 11:50 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/28 11:49 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/28 06:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 8772273 [pii] AID - ibag056 [pii] AID - 10.1093/tbm/ibag056 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Transl Behav Med. 2026 Jan 7;16(1):ibag056. doi: 10.1093/tbm/ibag056. PMID- 42662625 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260828 LR - 20260829 IS - 1937-8688 (Electronic) VI - 53 DP - 2026 TI - Association of oxidative stress, inflammation, and ADIPOQ gene expression in young adults at risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular disease. PG - 175 LID - 10.11604/pamj.2026.53.175.47681 [doi] LID - 175 AB - INTRODUCTION: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are increasingly seen in young adults due to obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and poor diet. Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation are key contributors to their development, promoting liver damage, endothelial dysfunction, and atherosclerosis. Adiponectin, encoded by the ADIPOQ gene, has protective metabolic effects, and its reduction, often influenced by genetic factors, is linked to increased disease risk. This study evaluates the relationship between oxidative stress (MDA), inflammation (IL-6), and ADIPOQ gene expression in young adults to identify early biomarkers. METHODS: this case-control study (2022 December-2024 December) included 300 participants aged 18-45 years with clinically established non-alcoholic fatty liver and/or cardiovascular risk disease, who were categorized as the case group. The remaining 150 healthy individuals served as the control group. MDA and IL-6 levels were measured using ELISA, while ADIPOQ expression was analyzed via reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Data were analyzed using t-tests, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, and quantile regression in Stata 17.0, with significance set at p<0.05. RESULTS: cases showed elevated MDA and IL-6 levels and reduced ADIPOQ expression compared to controls. ROC analysis identified MDA as the strongest biomarker (AUC = 0.9605). IL-6 showed diagnostic potential but lost significance after adjustment for sociodemographic variables. MDA and IL-6 levels negatively correlated with ADIPOQ expression. CONCLUSION: oxidative stress and inflammation are associated with reduced ADIPOQ expression in young adults at risk of NAFLD and CVD. While ADIPOQ alone may have limited predictive power, early identification of oxidative and inflammatory markers could aid in timely intervention. CI - Copyright: Rachana Raveendran et al. FAU - Raveendran, Rachana AU - Raveendran R AD - Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. FAU - Josephine, Anthony AU - Josephine A AD - Department of Research, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. FAU - Sureka, Varalakshmi AU - Sureka V AD - Department of Research, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. FAU - Kalaiselvi, Periandavan AU - Kalaiselvi P AD - Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. A.L.M. PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Tamil Nadu, India. FAU - Varma, Poornima Raja Raja AU - Varma PRR AD - Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. FAU - Kandy, Lasitha Neroth AU - Kandy LN AD - Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. FAU - Nair, Renjith Kariyil Radhakrishnan AU - Nair RKR AD - Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. FAU - Kottola, Manjusha AU - Kottola M AD - Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. FAU - Mohanan, Midhun Thazhissery AU - Mohanan MT AD - Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. FAU - Thoduvayil, Swathi AU - Thoduvayil S AD - Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. FAU - Abdulla, Thahira AU - Abdulla T AD - Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. FAU - Kottiyath, Pinchulatha AU - Kottiyath P AD - Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. FAU - Divakaran, Dinesh Roy AU - Divakaran DR AD - Genetika, Centre for Advanced Genetic Studies, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260427 PL - Uganda TA - Pan Afr Med J JT - The Pan African medical journal JID - 101517926 RN - 0 (Adiponectin) RN - 0 (ADIPOQ protein, human) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Interleukin-6) RN - 4Y8F71G49Q (Malondialdehyde) RN - 0 (IL6 protein, human) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Adiponectin/genetics MH - *Oxidative Stress/physiology MH - *Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/genetics/epidemiology MH - Female MH - Male MH - Adult MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Young Adult MH - *Inflammation/epidemiology MH - *Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology/genetics MH - Adolescent MH - Biomarkers/metabolism MH - Interleukin-6/metabolism/blood MH - Middle Aged MH - Gene Expression MH - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay MH - Malondialdehyde/metabolism MH - ROC Curve PMC - PMC13521425 OTO - NOTNLM OT - ADIPOQ gene expression OT - cardiovascular disease OT - inflammatory markers OT - non-alcoholic fatty liver disease OT - oxidative stress COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/08/28 11:50 MHDA- 2026/08/28 11:51 PMCR- 2026/04/27 CRDT- 2026/08/28 06:13 PHST- 2025/04/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/06/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/28 11:51 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/28 11:50 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/28 06:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PAMJ-53-175 [pii] AID - 10.11604/pamj.2026.53.175.47681 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Pan Afr Med J. 2026 Apr 27;53:175. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2026.53.175.47681. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42661870 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260828 LR - 20260903 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Measurement tools for sedentary behavior in the Arabic-speaking countries in MENA region: a systematic review of validated instruments from the BRIDGE project. PG - 1815050 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1815050 [doi] LID - 1815050 AB - BACKGROUND: Sedentary behavior is an independent risk factor for adverse health outcomes. Screen time represents a specific domain of sedentary behavior and is often used as a proxy. Accurate measurement of these behaviors is essential for surveillance, research, and intervention. However, the availability, characteristics, and psychometric quality of validated instruments used to assess these behaviors in Arabic-speaking countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region have not been well documented. This systematic review aimed to identify, describe, and critically appraise the instruments used to assess sedentary behavior and/or screen time in this region. METHODS: This systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. Major electronic databases were searched to identify studies that reported the development, cross-cultural adaptation, or validation of instruments measuring sedentary behavior or screen time in Arabic-speaking MENA countries. Studies assessing at least one measurement property were eligible. Data on study characteristics, instruments, and psychometric properties were extracted. The methodological quality and measurement properties were evaluated using the COSMIN framework. RESULTS: Ten studies conducted in five MENA countries (Jordan, United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Morocco, and Syria) were included. Most studies relied on self-reported questionnaires originally designed to assess physical activity, with sedentary behavior measured as a secondary dimension. The most frequently evaluated instruments were the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ), and Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS). Only one instrument, the Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire (SBQ), was specifically designed to measure sedentary behavior and was validated in two countries among adults and university students. Overall, the psychometric properties were often insufficient or inconsistent, particularly for criterion validity. Evidence among children and adolescents is limited and mainly focuses on screen time, showing weak agreement with objective measures. CONCLUSION: The measurement of sedentary behavior in Arabic-speaking MENA countries relies largely on non-specific instruments with limited psychometric evidence. There is a clear need for the development and rigorous validation of culturally adapted, sedentary behavior-specific tools across age groups to support research, surveillance, and public health policies in the region. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420261283730, Identifier: CRD420261283730. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Bartal, Bahra, Hussien, Aly, Abdelkarim and El Rhazi. FAU - Bartal, Fatima Zahrae AU - Bartal FZ AD - Laboratory of Epidemiology, Clinical Research, and Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy, and Dentistry, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah University, Fez, Morocco. FAU - Bahra, Nassiba AU - Bahra N AD - Laboratory of Epidemiology, Clinical Research, and Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy, and Dentistry, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah University, Fez, Morocco. FAU - Hussien, Fatma AU - Hussien F AD - Faculty of Sport Sciences, Capital University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Aly, Mohamed AU - Aly M AD - Faculty of Sport Sciences, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt. AD - Department of Sports Management, School of Business, ESLSCA University, Cairo, Egypt. FAU - Abdelkarim, Osama AU - Abdelkarim O AD - Faculty of Sport Sciences, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt. AD - Department of Sports Management, School of Business, ESLSCA University, Cairo, Egypt. AD - Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany. FAU - El Rhazi, Karima AU - El Rhazi K AD - Laboratory of Epidemiology, Clinical Research, and Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy, and Dentistry, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah University, Fez, Morocco. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20260813 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Africa, Northern MH - Middle East MH - Middle Eastern People MH - Psychometrics MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - *Screen Time MH - *Sedentary Behavior MH - Surveys and Questionnaires/standards MH - North African People PMC - PMC13518537 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Arabic-speaking countries OT - COSMIN OT - MENA region OT - measurement instruments OT - psychometric properties OT - sedentary behavior COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/28 11:49 MHDA- 2026/08/28 11:50 PMCR- 2026/08/13 CRDT- 2026/08/28 05:23 PHST- 2026/02/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/28 11:50 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/28 11:49 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/28 05:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1815050 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2026 Aug 13;14:1815050. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1815050. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42661784 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260828 LR - 20260829 IS - 2296-2360 (Print) IS - 2296-2360 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2360 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Feasibility, uptake, and exploratory outcomes of an individualized exercise program in pediatric oncology: a prospective single-center pilot study. PG - 1914065 LID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1914065 [doi] LID - 1914065 AB - INTRODUCTION: Exercise interventions may help mitigate treatment-related physical impairment in pediatric oncology, but implementation in routine care remains challenging, particularly during active treatment and in heterogeneous patient cohorts. PATIENTS: This prospective single-center pilot study evaluated an individualized exercise program for children and adolescents aged 4-17 years undergoing cancer treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD: The program combined supervised in-hospital exercise, personalized home-based training, and an optional video-based SMART-Sport component introduced from month 3. The primary focus was feasibility, uptake, safety, and acceptability. Motor performance, six-minute walk distance, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and neuropsychological functioning were assessed at baseline and six months as secondary exploratory outcomes. RESULTS: Twenty participants were enrolled; 15 completed at least one six-month follow-up assessment. Overall, 348 of 583 scheduled in-hospital exercise opportunities were attended, corresponding to a scheduled-session attendance of 59.7% using a conservative denominator. No serious program-related adverse event occurred. Movement diaries were available for 15 participants and documented 361 home-training sessions, of which 262 (72.6%) occurred during the first three months. Four participants documented use of SMART-Sport, completing 14 sessions. Exploratory complete-case analyses showed nominal within-participant improvements in hand-eye coordination, reaction time, six-minute walk distance, and selected HRQoL domains. Neuropsychological findings were inconclusive. DISCUSSION: The findings support the feasibility and safety of supervised individualized in-hospital exercise under the conditions of a specialized pediatric oncology center with a dedicated sports therapist. Feasibility was component-specific: home-training documentation decreased over time, and uptake of the optional video-based component was limited. CONCLUSION: This pilot study provides preliminary implementation data supporting further development of individualized exercise programs in pediatric oncology. Exploratory outcome findings should be interpreted as hypothesis-generating and require confirmation in larger controlled studies. CI - (c) 2026 Schuster, Loos, Traunwieser, Fruhwald and Kuhlen. FAU - Schuster, Christina AU - Schuster C AD - Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany. FAU - Loos, Elena AU - Loos E AD - Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany. FAU - Traunwieser, Thomas AU - Traunwieser T AD - Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany. FAU - Fruhwald, Michael C AU - Fruhwald MC AD - Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany. FAU - Kuhlen, Michaela AU - Kuhlen M AD - Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260813 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Pediatr JT - Frontiers in pediatrics JID - 101615492 PMC - PMC13518581 OTO - NOTNLM OT - exercise therapy OT - feasibility OT - pediatric oncology OT - physical activity OT - quality of life OT - supportive care COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/28 11:50 MHDA- 2026/08/28 11:51 PMCR- 2026/08/13 CRDT- 2026/08/28 05:16 PHST- 2026/06/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/28 11:51 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/28 11:50 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/28 05:16 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1914065 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Pediatr. 2026 Aug 13;14:1914065. doi: 10.3389/fped.2026.1914065. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42661386 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260828 IS - 1467-789X (Electronic) IS - 1467-7881 (Linking) DP - 2026 Aug 27 TI - Harnessing Systems Science to Strengthen Community-Based Childhood Obesity Prevention: An Overview of the Literature. PG - e70218 LID - 10.1111/obr.70218 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Addressing the obesity epidemic requires understanding the complex and multilevel dynamics that shape it. Systems science can help researchers and practitioners move beyond linear causal logic. This overview identifies empirical studies using explicit systems science methods or broader systems-informed approaches to design, implement, or evaluate community-based childhood obesity prevention efforts. We report how systems methods have been applied, their contributions to tackling obesity, challenges, and opportunities. METHODS: We searched Web of Science for English-language publications reporting empirical applications of systems thinking, systems science methods, or systems-informed ecological and participatory approaches in community-level childhood obesity prevention. Three reviewers screened 273 records, assessed full texts, and extracted data. RESULTS: Ninety-eight articles met inclusion criteria. Systems approaches were used most often during intervention design (n = 50; 51.0%), followed by implementation (n = 23; 23.5%) and evaluation (n = 14; 14.3%), with some spanning multiple stages (n = 11; 11.2%). Participatory methods such as group model building deepened understanding of structural and relational drivers, and supported context-specific adaptation and cross-sector coordination. The use of systems approaches for evaluation was limited, though emerging methods (e.g., ripple-effect mapping, longitudinal network analysis, and agent-based modeling) signal growing opportunity. Barriers included limited infrastructure for cross-sector collaboration, funding misalignment, and a lack of shared or validated metrics. CONCLUSION: Systems science has strengthened the field's ability to visualize complexity and align stakeholders in interventions' design and implementation. Its application in evaluation and scale-up remains limited. Sustained investment in participatory capacity, longitudinal infrastructure, and systems-informed implementation is needed to strengthen community-based childhood obesity prevention. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Obesity Reviews published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of World Obesity Federation. FAU - Moore, Travis R AU - Moore TR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7874-0813 AD - Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. AD - Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Chang Chusan, Yuilyn A AU - Chang Chusan YA AD - Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Calancie, Larissa AU - Calancie L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8943-5590 AD - Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Tamvakologos, Panos I AU - Tamvakologos PI AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-3450-7713 AD - School of Medicine, St. Georges University, University Centre, St. George's, Grenada. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Maimonides Children's Hospital, Brooklyn, New York, USA. FAU - Economos, Christina D AU - Economos CD AD - Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260827 PL - England TA - Obes Rev JT - Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity JID - 100897395 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - childhood OT - community OT - obesity OT - primary care OT - systems science EDAT- 2026/08/28 11:46 MHDA- 2026/08/28 11:46 CRDT- 2026/08/28 01:43 PHST- 2026/07/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/28 11:46 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/28 11:46 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/28 01:43 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/obr.70218 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Obes Rev. 2026 Aug 27:e70218. doi: 10.1111/obr.70218. PMID- 42660602 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260827 LR - 20260904 IS - 2399-9772 (Electronic) IS - 2399-9772 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Aug 27 TI - Multicentre validation of paediatric weight estimation methods in Indonesian children: a comparison of length-based, habitus-adjusted and age-based approaches. LID - 10.1136/bmjpo-2026-004495 [doi] LID - e004495 AB - BACKGROUND: Accurate weight estimation in paediatric emergencies is essential for determining appropriate drug dosage and equipment sizes. In Indonesia, where emergency tapes are not widely available, the 2011 Advanced Paediatric Life Support (APLS) formula is commonly used although its accuracy in the local population remains uncertain. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the accuracy of four weight estimation methods-the 2019 Broselow Tape, the 2022 Dose-by-Growth (DbG) Tape, the 2009 Paediatric Advanced Weight Prediction in the Emergency Room (PAWPER) Tape and the 2011 APLS formula. METHODS: This multicentre cross-sectional study included 1448 Indonesian children aged 0-12 years from two major hospitals. Estimated weights using the four methods were compared with actual body weight. Agreement was assessed using Bland-Altman plots, while accuracy was evaluated using the percentage of weight estimates within 10% and 20% of actual weight (PW10 and PW20). RESULTS: The PAWPER Tape demonstrated the highest accuracy (PW20=89.4%) with low bias (mean percentage error (MPE) 4.6+/-12.8%). The Broselow Tape (MPE 5.1+/-15.9%; PW20=82.7%) and DbG Tape (MPE 7.3+/-16.0%; PW20=79.6%) showed comparable performance. In contrast, the APLS formula had substantially greater bias and lower accuracy (MPE 14.0+/-28.5%; PW20=58.8%) and demonstrated consistent overestimation across most weight categories. CONCLUSION: PAWPER Tape showed the best accuracy and agreement with measured weight in Indonesian children followed by the Broselow and DbG Tapes. In contrast, the 2011 APLS formula performed poorly, with greater error and systematic overestimation. These findings support the use of length-based and habitus-adjusted methods in paediatric emergency settings. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ Group. FAU - Puspaningtyas, Niken Wahyu AU - Puspaningtyas NW AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5977-1577 AD - Paediatric Emergency and Intensive Therapy Division, Department of Child Health, Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Nasional Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo, Central Jakarta, Indonesia nikenwp2020@gmail.com. AD - Universitas Indonesia Fakultas Kedokteran, Jakarta, Indonesia. FAU - Hidayat, Sharfina Fulki Adilla AU - Hidayat SFA AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-2505-7445 AD - Paediatric Emergency and Intensive Therapy Division, Department of Child Health, Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Nasional Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo, Central Jakarta, Indonesia. AD - Universitas Indonesia Fakultas Kedokteran, Jakarta, Indonesia. FAU - Tartila, Tartila AU - Tartila T AD - Paediatric Emergency and Intensive Therapy Division, Department of Child Health, Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Nasional Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo, Central Jakarta, Indonesia. AD - Universitas Indonesia Fakultas Kedokteran, Jakarta, Indonesia. FAU - Prawira, Yogi AU - Prawira Y AD - Paediatric Emergency and Intensive Therapy Division, Department of Child Health, Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Nasional Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo, Central Jakarta, Indonesia. AD - Universitas Indonesia Fakultas Kedokteran, Jakarta, Indonesia. FAU - Yuniar, Irene AU - Yuniar I AD - Paediatric Emergency and Intensive Therapy Division, Department of Child Health, Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Nasional Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo, Central Jakarta, Indonesia. AD - Universitas Indonesia Fakultas Kedokteran, Jakarta, Indonesia. FAU - Nathania, Ilona AU - Nathania I AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-5667-0710 AD - Universitas Indonesia Fakultas Kedokteran, Jakarta, Indonesia. AD - Department of Child Health, Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Nasional Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo, Central Jakarta, Indonesia. FAU - Negoro, Fae Ilana AU - Negoro FI AD - Universitas Indonesia Fakultas Kedokteran, Jakarta, Indonesia. AD - Department of Child Health, Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Nasional Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo, Central Jakarta, Indonesia. FAU - Sunukanto, Jennifer S AU - Sunukanto JS AD - Universitas Indonesia Fakultas Kedokteran, Jakarta, Indonesia. AD - Department of Child Health, Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Nasional Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo, Central Jakarta, Indonesia. FAU - Dewi, Rismala AU - Dewi R AD - Paediatric Emergency and Intensive Therapy Division, Department of Child Health, Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Nasional Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo, Central Jakarta, Indonesia. AD - Universitas Indonesia Fakultas Kedokteran, Jakarta, Indonesia. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260827 PL - England TA - BMJ Paediatr Open JT - BMJ paediatrics open JID - 101715309 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Indonesia MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Child, Preschool MH - Female MH - Infant MH - Male MH - *Body Weight MH - Child MH - Infant, Newborn MH - *Anthropometry/methods MH - Reproducibility of Results PMC - PMC13536096 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Child Health OT - Children OT - Cross-Sectional Studies OT - Developing Countries OT - Resuscitation COIS- Competing interests: None declared. EDAT- 2026/08/28 11:40 MHDA- 2026/08/28 11:41 PMCR- 2026/08/27 CRDT- 2026/08/27 21:12 PHST- 2026/04/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/28 11:41 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/28 11:40 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/27 21:12 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1136/bmjpo-2026-004495 [pii] AID - bmjpo-2026-004495 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjpo-2026-004495 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Paediatr Open. 2026 Aug 27;10(1):e004495. doi: 10.1136/bmjpo-2026-004495. PMID- 42660285 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260901 IS - 1559-2030 (Electronic) IS - 1551-7144 (Linking) VI - 170 DP - 2026 Aug 27 TI - 'eatNplay'- a family-based, telehealth intervention for childhood obesity: A randomized newsletter-controlled pilot study. PG - 108450 LID - S1551-7144(26)00236-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.cct.2026.108450 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Childhood obesity is a major public health concern in the United States. Telehealth interventions are a strategy to instill healthy lifestyle choices among children and their guardians by introducing and reinforcing healthy behaviors. OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to assess the feasibility of a telehealth intervention using motivational interviewing focusing on healthy behaviors in children. METHODS: Using a family-based, randomized, controlled, crossover trial design, 42 families with children aged 5-11 years were randomly assigned to an intervention group or newsletter control group. Participants were randomly divided into two groups. One group was assigned the intervention condition for four weeks (Phase-1, from the beginning of the study through 4 weeks), followed by a two-week washout period, then assigned to the newsletter control condition (Phase-2, from week 7 until the end of week 10.) The intervention consisted of weekly 'eatNplay' group telehealth sessions, conducted by a registered nurse and a motivational interviewing expert, to discuss diet, physical activity, screentime, and sleep. RESULTS: Participants' mean age was 8.8 +/- 1.8; 54% were female. Engagement scores and attendance were consistently high throughout the study. Dietary, activity, and sleep outcomes were compared to American Pediatrics Association recommendations for the age group. DISCUSSION: A telehealth intervention using motivational interviewing to address healthy behaviors in children was well received by participating families. This pilot study helped guide a planned future study that may be longer. Data from dietary intake, activity, and sleep are valuable to guide future studies. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Arce, Britney AU - Arce B AD - School of Nursing, Indiana University, United States of America. Electronic address: barce@iu.edu. FAU - Davis-Ajami, Mary Lynn AU - Davis-Ajami ML AD - College of Health, Cleveland State University, United States of America. Electronic address: m.davisajami@csuohio.edu. FAU - Ortyl, Bailey AU - Ortyl B AD - School of Public Health, Indiana University, United States of America. Electronic address: brtyl@iu.edu. FAU - Hartlieb, Kathryn AU - Hartlieb K AD - College Of Human Performance, Parker University, United States of America. Electronic address: kathrynhartlieb@parker.edu. FAU - Dickinson, Stephanie AU - Dickinson S AD - School of Public Health, Indiana University, United States of America. Electronic address: sd3@iu.edu. FAU - Golzarri-Arroyo, Lilian AU - Golzarri-Arroyo L AD - School of Public Health, Indiana University, United States of America. Electronic address: lgolzarr@iu.edu. FAU - Faith, Myles AU - Faith M AD - University at Buffalo, United States of America. Electronic address: mfaith@buffalo.edu. FAU - Jayawardene, Wasantha AU - Jayawardene W AD - School of Human Sciences, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, United States of America. Electronic address: wasantha@siu.edu. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260827 PL - United States TA - Contemp Clin Trials JT - Contemporary clinical trials JID - 101242342 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Exercise OT - Family-based OT - Kids OT - Pediatric OT - Telehealth OT - Wellness COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/08/28 11:40 MHDA- 2026/08/28 11:40 CRDT- 2026/08/27 19:11 PHST- 2026/02/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/28 11:40 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/28 11:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/27 19:11 [entrez] AID - S1551-7144(26)00236-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.cct.2026.108450 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Contemp Clin Trials. 2026 Aug 27;170:108450. doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2026.108450. PMID- 42659919 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260911 LR - 20260911 IS - 1873-2518 (Electronic) IS - 0264-410X (Linking) VI - 91 DP - 2026 Oct 3 TI - Muscle size matters: making paediatric vaccination safe for all - a pilot study. PG - 129076 LID - S0264-410X(26)00885-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.129076 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Shoulder Injury Related to Vaccine Administration (SIRVA) is an uncommon but clinically significant iatrogenic complication of vaccination, associated with improper injection depth or site selection. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the suitability of existing Australian intramuscular deltoid injection guidelines in a paediatric population and to assess the accuracy of commonly used anatomical landmarking techniques. METHODS: A cohort of 20 participants (14 male, 6 female) aged 12 months to 18 years was recruited. Real-time ultrasound was used to measure the skin-to-deltoid muscle distance and the thickness of the deltoid muscle. These measurements were compared with common external landmarking techniques. RESULTS: Only 20% of participants had sufficient tissue depth to safely accommodate a 25 mm needle. No demographic or anthropometric variables reliably predicted tissue depth. Anatomical landmarking techniques demonstrated variability in accuracy, though all were suitably close to the optimal injection site. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest while vaccination landmarking techniques are appropriate, current needle length guidelines in Australia appear to not be appropriate for a paediatric population, and highlight the need for more individualised, evidence-based approaches to vaccine administration. CI - Copyright (c) 2026. Published by Elsevier Ltd. FAU - Mackenzie, Laura Jane AU - Mackenzie LJ AD - Faculty of Health (Physiotherapy), University of Canberra, Canberra 2617, Australia. Electronic address: laura.mackenzie@canberra.edu.au. FAU - Bousie, Jaquelin Anne AU - Bousie JA AD - Faculty of Health (Physiotherapy), University of Canberra, Canberra 2617, Australia; UC Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, Canberra 2617, Australia. FAU - Newman, Phillip AU - Newman P AD - Faculty of Health (Physiotherapy), University of Canberra, Canberra 2617, Australia; UC Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, Canberra 2617, Australia. FAU - Preston, Peter AU - Preston P AD - Faculty of Health (Medical Imaging), University of Canberra, Canberra 2617, Australia. FAU - Cunningham, John Edward AU - Cunningham JE AD - Epworth Richmond, Melbourne, Australia. FAU - Fleming, Catriona AU - Fleming C AD - Austin Hospital, Heidelberg, Melbourne, Australia. FAU - Leary, Kate AU - Leary K AD - Faculty of Health (Medical Imaging), University of Canberra, Canberra 2617, Australia. FAU - Bushell, Mary-Jessimine Ann AU - Bushell MA AD - Faculty of Health (Pharmacy), University of Canberra, Canberra 2617, Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260826 PL - Netherlands TA - Vaccine JT - Vaccine JID - 8406899 RN - 0 (Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pilot Projects MH - Male MH - Child, Preschool MH - Adolescent MH - *Vaccination/adverse effects/methods MH - Injections, Intramuscular/methods/adverse effects MH - Infant MH - Child MH - Ultrasonography MH - Australia MH - *Deltoid Muscle/anatomy & histology/diagnostic imaging MH - Vaccines/administration & dosage OTO - NOTNLM OT - Immunisation OT - Intramuscular injection OT - Paediatrics OT - SIRVA OT - Vaccination COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/08/28 11:40 MHDA- 2026/09/11 23:36 CRDT- 2026/08/27 18:08 PHST- 2026/06/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/31 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/11 23:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/28 11:40 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/27 18:08 [entrez] AID - S0264-410X(26)00885-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.129076 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Vaccine. 2026 Oct 3;91:129076. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.129076. Epub 2026 Aug 26. PMID- 42656734 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260827 LR - 20260828 IS - 2168-8184 (Print) IS - 2168-8184 (Electronic) IS - 2168-8184 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Internet Gaming Addiction in Children and Adolescents: A Narrative Review in the Context of Screen Time. PG - e113441 LID - 10.7759/cureus.113441 [doi] LID - e113441 AB - Internet gaming addiction in children and adolescents is an emerging clinical and public health concern within the broader context of increasing recreational screen exposure. Despite growing recognition of gaming disorder, uncertainty remains regarding its distinction from high recreational gaming, its relationship with screen time, and the most appropriate prevention and management strategies for pediatric populations. This narrative review aimed to synthesise evidence published between 2013 and 2026 on diagnostic concepts, epidemiological patterns, screen-time context, mental and physical health associations, and intervention approaches for problematic gaming in children and adolescents. Relevant literature was reviewed and organised into diagnostic, clinical, public health, and therapeutic domains. The conclusions were derived from qualitative narrative synthesis rather than pooled quantitative analysis. Current evidence indicates that gaming disorder should not be defined by screen-time duration alone, but by impaired control, persistence despite harm, prioritisation of gaming over essential activities, and functional impairment across academic, social, developmental, and family domains. Prevalence estimates vary because of differences in diagnostic criteria, assessment tools, cultural gaming practices, and study populations. Excessive gaming commonly overlaps with emotional symptoms, sleep disturbance, sedentary behaviour, reduced physical activity, academic difficulties, social withdrawal, and family conflict. Available evidence suggests potential benefit from multidimensional management involving validated assessment, cognitive behavioural strategies, relapse prevention, parental involvement, school-based digital literacy, structured offline activities, and coordinated pediatric mental health care. Screen-time reduction is important, but restriction alone is insufficient. Given the absence of formal evidence grading and risk-of-bias assessment, conclusions regarding intervention effectiveness should be interpreted cautiously. Pediatric gaming disorder requires impairment-based assessment and developmentally appropriate, family-supported intervention rather than simple screen-time control. CI - Copyright (c) 2026, Sharma et al. FAU - Sharma, Neena AU - Sharma N AD - Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jammu, Jammu, IND. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260727 PL - United States TA - Cureus JT - Cureus JID - 101596737 PMC - PMC13508007 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - gaming disorder OT - internet gaming addiction OT - pediatric mental health OT - screen time COIS- Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work. EDAT- 2026/08/27 12:36 MHDA- 2026/08/27 12:37 PMCR- 2026/07/27 CRDT- 2026/08/27 06:08 PHST- 2026/07/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/27 12:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/27 12:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/27 06:08 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.7759/cureus.113441 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cureus. 2026 Jul 27;18(7):e113441. doi: 10.7759/cureus.113441. eCollection 2026 Jul. PMID- 42656511 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260827 LR - 20260828 IS - 2347-5625 (Print) IS - 2349-6673 (Electronic) IS - 2347-5625 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2026 Dec TI - Development and preliminary validation of the Exercise Fit Tool for adolescents undergoing cancer treatment in Hong Kong. PG - 101005 LID - 10.1016/j.apjon.2026.101005 [doi] LID - 101005 AB - OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to develop and preliminarily validate the Exercise Fit Tool (EFT), a patient-reported self-assessment tool for adolescents undergoing cancer treatment in Hong Kong. METHODS: A convenience sample of 158 adolescents aged 13-18 years who were undergoing cancer treatment and could communicate in Cantonese and read Chinese was recruited in Hong Kong. Instrument development followed the procedures recommended in AMEE Guide No. 87. Candidate items were generated from a literature review and focus groups with adolescents and healthcare professionals, refined by an expert panel, assessed for content validity, and revised through cognitive interviews. Pilot testing was conducted in 158 adolescents. Convergent validity was examined using pain scores and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1, % predicted), and criterion-related validity was evaluated by comparing EFT scores with physiotherapists' ratings. Test-retest reliability was assessed in 50 participants, and principal component analysis with Varimax rotation was performed. RESULTS: The final 10-item EFT demonstrated satisfactory content validity, with I-CVIs ranging from 0.86 to 1.00, and good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.92). The 2-week test-retest ICC was 0.82 (P < 0.001). EFT scores were negatively correlated with pain scores and positively correlated with FEV1 (% predicted), supporting convergent validity. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure was 0.87, and Bartlett's test of sphericity was significant (P < 0.001). Principal component analysis identified a two-component solution: cancer- and treatment-related influences on physical activity (7 items; Cronbach's alpha = 0.96; 55.7% of the rotated variance) and perceived physical activity exertion (3 items; Cronbach's alpha = 0.74; 20.6% of the rotated variance). Primary component loadings ranged from 0.74 to 0.93, and communalities ranged from 0.55 to 0.91. The two components explained 76.3% of the total variance. CONCLUSIONS: The EFT demonstrated preliminary evidence of validity and reliability for adolescents undergoing cancer treatment in Hong Kong. Further evaluation of its latent structure and implementation in independent samples is required before wider clinical use. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). FAU - Lam, Katherine Ka Wai AU - Lam KKW AD - School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China. FAU - Wu, Stanley AU - Wu S AD - Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China. FAU - Liu, Qi AU - Liu Q AD - School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China. FAU - Mao, Ting AU - Mao T AD - School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China. FAU - Pan, Jingda AU - Pan J AD - School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China. FAU - Jiang, Lulu AU - Jiang L AD - School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China. FAU - Li, Yanjia AU - Li Y AD - School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China. FAU - Gao, Yuwen AU - Gao Y AD - School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China. FAU - Cheng, Frankie Wai Tsoi AU - Cheng FWT AD - Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China. FAU - Chan, Godfrey Chi Fung AU - Chan GCF AD - Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. FAU - Ho, Ka Yan AU - Ho KY AD - School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260711 PL - United States TA - Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs JT - Asia-Pacific journal of oncology nursing JID - 101673157 PMC - PMC13506534 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescents OT - Cancer OT - Patient-reported outcome OT - Physical activity OT - Reliability OT - Validation COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/27 12:36 MHDA- 2026/08/27 12:37 PMCR- 2026/07/11 CRDT- 2026/08/27 05:40 PHST- 2025/11/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/27 12:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/27 12:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/27 05:40 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2347-5625(26)00155-1 [pii] AID - 101005 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.apjon.2026.101005 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs. 2026 Jul 11;13:101005. doi: 10.1016/j.apjon.2026.101005. eCollection 2026 Dec. PMID- 42654495 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260827 LR - 20260829 IS - 1648-9144 (Electronic) IS - 1010-660X (Print) IS - 1010-660X (Linking) VI - 62 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug 20 TI - Maternal Vulnerability Indicators Derived from Free-Text Clinical Documentation in Adolescent Pregnancy. LID - 10.3390/medicina62081598 [doi] LID - 1598 AB - Background and Objectives: Adolescent pregnancy is associated with biological, behavioral, and healthcare-related vulnerabilities that are incompletely captured by structured datasets. This study aimed to characterize selected maternal vulnerability indicators derived from narrative clinical documentation and to examine their exploratory associations with documented prenatal care deficiency and neonatal outcomes. Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study including 759 singleton adolescent pregnancies managed at a Romanian secondary obstetric center between 2020 and 2024. Narrative clinical observations were reviewed to extract maternal vulnerability indicators, including smoking, anemia, infection, hypertensive disorders, obesity, Rh incompatibility, and documented prenatal care deficiency. Associations between extracted variables, documented prenatal care deficiency, and neonatal outcomes were evaluated using contingency analyses, Kendall's tau-b correlations, and multivariable logistic regression models. Results: Among pregnancies with available narrative observations, documented prenatal care deficiency was identified in 612/692 (88.4%), maternal anemia in 207/692 (29.9%), and smoking during pregnancy in 186/692 (26.9%). Validation performance differed across categories, with a sensitivity of 57.1% (95% CI 18.4-90.1%) for hypertensive disorders and wide confidence intervals for rare categories. Correlations between extracted variables were weak, indicating limited clustering of maternal risk factors. Hypertensive disorders (aOR 0.31, 95% CI 0.10-0.95, p = 0.038) and maternal obesity (aOR 0.39, 95% CI 0.16-0.98, p = 0.044) were associated with lower odds of documented prenatal care deficiency. Significant neonatal associations were observed primarily for low birth weight. Hypertensive disorders were independently associated with increased odds of low birth weight (aOR 3.56, 95% CI 1.33-9.54, p = 0.011), whereas documented maternal anemia was associated with lower observed odds of LBW (aOR 0.45, 95% CI 0.24-0.82, p = 0.009). No significant associations were identified for preterm birth or Apgar score < 7 at 5 min. Conclusions: Narrative clinical documentation allowed the identification of heterogeneous maternal vulnerability indicators that showed weak interrelationships and selective associations with prenatal surveillance patterns and low birth weight. These exploratory findings should be interpreted in the context of healthcare engagement and documentation practices. FAU - Sandor, Florin Mihai AU - Sandor FM AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-4137-7388 AD - Multidisciplinary Doctoral School, "Vasile Goldis" Western University of Arad, 310414 Arad, Romania. AD - Department of Life Sciences, "Vasile Goldis" Western University of Arad, 310414 Arad, Romania. FAU - Precup, Cris Virgiliu AU - Precup CV AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-4299-5652 AD - Department of Life Sciences, "Vasile Goldis" Western University of Arad, 310414 Arad, Romania. FAU - Furau, Cristian George AU - Furau CG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7158-2579 AD - Multidisciplinary Doctoral School, "Vasile Goldis" Western University of Arad, 310414 Arad, Romania. AD - Department of Life Sciences, "Vasile Goldis" Western University of Arad, 310414 Arad, Romania. FAU - Edu, Antoine AU - Edu A AD - Department 13-Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania. AD - Nicolae Malaxa Clinical Hospital, 022441 Bucharest, Romania. FAU - Edu, Mihnea-Dan AU - Edu MD AD - Department 13-Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania. AD - Nicolae Malaxa Clinical Hospital, 022441 Bucharest, Romania. FAU - Coroleuca, Ciprian AU - Coroleuca C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2043-9307 AD - Department 13-Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania. AD - Panait Sarbu Clinical Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 060251 Bucharest, Romania. FAU - Furau, Roxana AU - Furau R AD - Department of General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, "Vasile Goldis" Western University of Arad, 310414 Arad, Romania. FAU - Rosca, Ioana AU - Rosca I AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-4629-5820 AD - Panait Sarbu Clinical Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 060251 Bucharest, Romania. AD - Faculty of Midwifery and Nursery, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania. FAU - Mateescu, Radu Nicolae AU - Mateescu RN AD - Department 13-Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania. AD - Nicolae Malaxa Clinical Hospital, 022441 Bucharest, Romania. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260820 PL - Switzerland TA - Medicina (Kaunas) JT - Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) JID - 9425208 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - Adolescent MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Pregnancy in Adolescence/statistics & numerical data MH - Romania/epidemiology MH - *Prenatal Care/statistics & numerical data/standards MH - Cohort Studies MH - *Documentation/methods/statistics & numerical data/standards MH - Pregnancy Complications/epidemiology MH - Risk Factors MH - Logistic Models MH - Pregnancy Outcome/epidemiology MH - Infant, Newborn PMC - PMC13515706 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescent pregnancy OT - low birth weight OT - maternal vulnerability OT - narrative clinical documentation OT - perinatal epidemiology OT - prenatal care deficiency OT - routinely collected health data COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/27 05:35 MHDA- 2026/08/27 05:36 PMCR- 2026/08/20 CRDT- 2026/08/27 01:10 PHST- 2026/07/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/27 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/27 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/27 01:10 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - medicina62081598 [pii] AID - medicina-62-01598 [pii] AID - 10.3390/medicina62081598 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Medicina (Kaunas). 2026 Aug 20;62(8):1598. doi: 10.3390/medicina62081598. PMID- 42654292 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260827 LR - 20260829 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 16 DP - 2026 Aug 19 TI - Reproducibility of a 69-Item School Children's Food Frequency Questionnaire (69-Item SCh-FFQ) and Diet Quality Scores Among Polish Children Aged 7-9 Years. LID - 10.3390/nu18162712 [doi] LID - 2712 AB - Background/Objectives: Reliable dietary assessment tools are essential for evaluating dietary habits and diet quality in children. The aim of this study was to assess the reproducibility of a 69-item School Children's Food Frequency Questionnaire (69-item SCh-FFQ) and the diet quality scores among Polish children aged 7-9 years. Methods: The reproducibility study was conducted among 77 children. The 69-item SCh-FFQ was administered twice (test and retest). Data on food consumption frequency were used to evaluate two diet quality scores: the pro-Healthy Diet Index (pHDI) and the non-Healthy Diet Index (nHDI). The reproducibility of the 69-item SCh-FFQ and the diet quality scores was evaluated using comparisons of mean values, cross-classification analysis, Cohen's kappa statistic, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and Bland-Altman analysis. Results: No significant differences were observed between test and retest of the FFQ for mean values of the pHDI (2.9 +/- 1.8 vs. 2.8 +/- 1.9 points; p = 0.124) or the nHDI (4.3 +/- 1.5 vs. 4.2 +/- 1.5 points; p = 0.611). Total agreement for the classification of children into categories of the diet quality scores reached 81.8% for pHDI and 75.3% for nHDI, with low gross misclassification rates (1.3% and 0.0%, respectively). Cohen's kappa statistic indicated moderate to good agreement (kappa = 0.68 for pHDI and kappa = 0.51 for nHDI). For all food items, total agreement ranged from 66.2% to 94.8%, while the kappa statistic ranged from 0.56 to 0.81. Strong correlations and good agreement were observed between repeated measurements for both pHDI (r = 0.748, ICC = 0.778; p < 0.001) and nHDI (r = 0.783, ICC = 0.752; p < 0.001). Bland-Altman analysis demonstrated good agreement and no evidence of proportional bias. Conclusions: The 69-item SCh-FFQ demonstrated satisfactory reproducibility for assessing food consumption frequency and diet quality scores in children aged 7-9 years. Therefore, this questionnaire is a promising tool for future epidemiological studies among early school-aged children, although its utility should be confirmed in further validation studies using an appropriate reference method. FAU - Sobas, Kamila AU - Sobas K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4246-6944 AD - Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College, Jan Kochanowski University, 5 Zeromskiego Street, 25-369 Kielce, Poland. FAU - Kowalkowska, Joanna AU - Kowalkowska J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1981-7320 AD - Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Science, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 45F Sloneczna Street, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland. FAU - Suliga, Edyta AU - Suliga E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3063-0380 AD - Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College, Jan Kochanowski University, 5 Zeromskiego Street, 25-369 Kielce, Poland. AD - Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 36A Postepu Street, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland. FAU - Wadolowska, Lidia AU - Wadolowska L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8571-9935 AD - Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Science, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 45F Sloneczna Street, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260819 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Poland MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - *Diet Surveys MH - *Nutrition Assessment MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Diet MH - *Diet, Healthy PMC - PMC13516586 OTO - NOTNLM OT - diet quality OT - dietary assessment OT - food consumption frequency OT - reliability OT - school-aged children COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2026/08/27 05:35 MHDA- 2026/08/27 05:36 PMCR- 2026/08/19 CRDT- 2026/08/27 01:10 PHST- 2026/07/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/27 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/27 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/27 01:10 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18162712 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-02712 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18162712 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Aug 19;18(16):2712. doi: 10.3390/nu18162712. PMID- 42654273 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260827 LR - 20260829 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 16 DP - 2026 Aug 18 TI - Maternal Dietary B-Complex Vitamin Pattern and Risk of Complex Congenital Heart Defects in a Mexican Population. LID - 10.3390/nu18162693 [doi] LID - 2693 AB - BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are among the most common congenital anomalies worldwide, and maternal nutrition during early pregnancy may influence their development. Although previous studies have mainly evaluated individual B-complex vitamins, the contribution of their combined dietary intake to CHD risk remains poorly understood. This study investigated the association between maternal dietary B-complex vitamin intake and the risk of complex CHDs in a Mexican case-control study. METHODS: Maternal dietary intake during pregnancy was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire, and nutrient intakes were energy-adjusted. Principal component analysis was used to construct a B-Complex Index based on the combined intake of vitamins B1, B2, B3, B6, and B12. Associations were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression adjusted for maternal age, total energy intake, multivitamin supplementation during pregnancy, and periconceptional folic acid supplementation. RESULTS: Mothers of children with complex CHDs had significantly lower dietary intakes of B-complex vitamins than control mothers. The B-Complex Index was independently associated with lower odds of complex CHDs (adjusted OR = 0.707, 95% CI: 0.586-0.843; p = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that evaluating the overall maternal dietary pattern of selected B-complex vitamins may provide complementary information regarding the nutritional environment relevant to early cardiac development. Prospective studies integrating dietary assessment, biomarkers, and genetic susceptibility are warranted to confirm these findings and further elucidate the underlying biological mechanisms. FAU - Vilchis-Gil, Jenny AU - Vilchis-Gil J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5473-6772 AD - Unidad de Investigacion Epidemiologica en Endocrinologia y Nutricion, Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gomez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico. AD - Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico. FAU - Gomez-Jimenez, Aaron M AU - Gomez-Jimenez AM AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-1099-0431 AD - Departamento de Matematicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico. FAU - Santillan-Orgas, Maria E AU - Santillan-Orgas ME AD - Departamento de Neonatologia, Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gomez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico. FAU - Segura-Stanford, Begona AU - Segura-Stanford B AD - Departamento de Cardiologia, Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gomez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico. FAU - Navarro-Castellanos, Inaki AU - Navarro-Castellanos I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7680-0835 AD - Departamento de Cardiologia, Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gomez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico. FAU - Gomez-Lopez, Jacqueline AU - Gomez-Lopez J AD - Hospital Militar de Especialidades de la Mujer y Neonatologia, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Mexico City 11200, Mexico. FAU - Moran-Espinosa, Mari C AU - Moran-Espinosa MC AD - Laboratorio de Investigacion en Patogenesis Molecular, Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gomez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico. FAU - Granados-Riveron, Javier T AU - Granados-Riveron JT AD - Laboratorio de Investigacion en Patogenesis Molecular, Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gomez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico. FAU - Sanchez-Urbina, Rocio AU - Sanchez-Urbina R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8018-7749 AD - Laboratorio de Investigacion en Cardiogenetica, Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gomez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico. AD - Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico. LA - eng GR - HIM/2019/049/Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gomez/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260818 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 12001-76-2 (Vitamin B Complex) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Heart Defects, Congenital/epidemiology/etiology/prevention & control MH - Mexico/epidemiology MH - Pregnancy MH - *Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Adult MH - *Vitamin B Complex/administration & dosage MH - Risk Factors MH - *Diet MH - Dietary Supplements MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC13516518 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B-complex vitamins OT - congenital heart defects OT - maternal nutrition OT - one-carbon metabolism OT - pregnancy OT - principal component analysis COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2026/08/27 05:35 MHDA- 2026/08/27 05:36 PMCR- 2026/08/18 CRDT- 2026/08/27 01:10 PHST- 2026/06/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/27 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/27 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/27 01:10 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18162693 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-02693 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18162693 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Aug 18;18(16):2693. doi: 10.3390/nu18162693. PMID- 42654217 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260827 LR - 20260829 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 16 DP - 2026 Aug 12 TI - Development and Validation of the Food Consumption Rate Questionnaire (FCRQ): A Behaviorally Informed Measure of Eating-Rate Regulation. LID - 10.3390/nu18162637 [doi] LID - 2637 AB - Background: Eating-rate regulation is a multidimensional behavioral process shaped by oral-processing dynamics, interoceptive cues, sensory engagement, and contextual influences. Despite its relevance, no validated self-report instrument currently assesses these mechanisms. Methods: The Food Consumption Rate Questionnaire (FCRQ) was developed as a behaviorally informed tool for measuring eating-rate regulation. Item generation followed a theory-driven process supported by expert review, forward-backward translation, and pilot testing. Structural validity was examined through Exploratory Factor Analysis (Principal Axis Factoring, Promax rotation) and a theory-driven Confirmatory Factor Analysis evaluating the proposed four-domain model. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha and corrected item-total correlations. Behavioral heterogeneity was explored using hierarchical and k-means cluster analysis. Results: A clear four-factor structure emerged-Slowness, Awareness of Eating Rate, External Factors, and Awareness & Enjoyment-explaining 42.77% of the variance. CFA indicated acceptable model fit (CFI = 0.93, TLI = 0.91, RMSEA = 0.052), supporting the adequacy of the theoretical structure. Reliability indices were consistent with the multidimensional nature of the construct. All four domains were positively correlated. Cluster analysis identified distinct behavioral profiles, illustrating the instrument's discriminative capacity. Conclusions: The FCRQ provides the first behaviorally informed, psychometrically evaluated framework for assessing eating-rate regulation. The instrument demonstrates a coherent theoretical structure, satisfactory early-stage validity, and the ability to differentiate meaningful behavioral patterns. Continued refinement and validation across diverse populations will further establish the FCRQ as a robust measure for behavioral-nutrition research and practice. FAU - Koliou, Maria P AU - Koliou MP AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-1751-5629 AD - Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece. FAU - Karaiskou, Chrysoula AU - Karaiskou C AD - Sidroco Holdings Ltd., Nicosia 1082, Cyprus. FAU - Eleftheriadis, Charalampos AU - Eleftheriadis C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0726-4127 AD - Sidroco Holdings Ltd., Nicosia 1082, Cyprus. FAU - Skalkos, Dimitris AU - Skalkos D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7771-2845 AD - Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260812 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - Surveys and Questionnaires/standards MH - Psychometrics MH - Female MH - Factor Analysis, Statistical MH - Male MH - Adult MH - *Eating/psychology MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13516422 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Food Consumption Rate Questionnaire (FCRQ) OT - behavioral nutrition OT - confirmatory factor analysis OT - eating-rate regulation OT - factor analysis OT - interoceptive awareness OT - psychometric evaluation OT - questionnaire development OT - questionnaire validation OT - sensory engagement COIS- C.K. and C.E. were employed by Sidroco Holdings Ltd. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/27 05:35 MHDA- 2026/08/27 05:36 PMCR- 2026/08/12 CRDT- 2026/08/27 01:09 PHST- 2026/07/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/27 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/27 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/27 01:09 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18162637 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-02637 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18162637 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Aug 12;18(16):2637. doi: 10.3390/nu18162637. PMID- 42652740 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260827 LR - 20260829 IS - 2077-0383 (Print) IS - 2077-0383 (Electronic) IS - 2077-0383 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 16 DP - 2026 Aug 16 TI - Return to Sport After Surgery for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: From Time-Based Clearance to Sport-Specific Readiness. LID - 10.3390/jcm15166336 [doi] LID - 6336 AB - Return to sport (RTS) is an important outcome after surgery for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), yet postoperative clearance remains largely time-based and reported outcomes vary according to procedure, population, endpoint, and treating-center policy. This critical review integrates direct postoperative RTS cohorts with biomechanical, rehabilitation, psychological, safety, and clinical-guidance evidence. Most available data concern adolescents treated with posterior spinal fusion and rely on self-reported participation. Resumption of physical activity or sport is common within the first postoperative year, but return to the same discipline, previous competitive level, and objectively verified performance is less consistently demonstrated. Evidence for anterior fusion is sparse, whereas vertebral body tethering is supported by smaller, selected cohorts and should be interpreted separately. Associations between RTS and distal fusion level or construct characteristics remain inconsistent, and biomechanical studies suggest redistribution rather than normalization of movement. Reported sport-related complications are uncommon, but existing cohorts are too small and lack exposure denominators to quantify rare events. No universal safe date or validated AIS-specific readiness battery currently exists. The proposed Multidimensional Scoliosis Return-to-Sport Framework therefore uses elapsed time as safety context while integrating clinical recovery, physical and psychological readiness, graded sport-specific exposure, and distinct return outcomes. The framework is evidence-informed and requires prospective validation. FAU - May, Maria Cesarina AU - May MC AD - IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Metropolitana, 16132 Genoa, Italy. FAU - Biz, Carlo AU - Biz C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8517-0057 AD - Department of Orthopedics and Orthopedic Oncology, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DiSCOG), University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy. FAU - Puce, Luca AU - Puce L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0825-2707 AD - Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy. FAU - Zanirato, Andrea AU - Zanirato A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2578-1133 AD - IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Metropolitana, 16132 Genoa, Italy. AD - Department of Integrated Surgical Diagnostic Sciences (DISC), Orthopedic Clinic, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy. FAU - Ruggieri, Pietro AU - Ruggieri P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9617-9882 AD - Department of Orthopedics and Orthopedic Oncology, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DiSCOG), University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy. FAU - Formica, Matteo AU - Formica M AD - IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Metropolitana, 16132 Genoa, Italy. AD - Department of Integrated Surgical Diagnostic Sciences (DISC), Orthopedic Clinic, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260816 PL - Switzerland TA - J Clin Med JT - Journal of clinical medicine JID - 101606588 PMC - PMC13512920 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescent idiopathic scoliosis OT - athletic performance OT - posterior spinal fusion OT - psychological readiness OT - rehabilitation OT - return to sport OT - sports participation OT - vertebral body tethering COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/27 05:35 MHDA- 2026/08/27 05:36 PMCR- 2026/08/16 CRDT- 2026/08/27 01:06 PHST- 2026/07/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/27 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/27 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/27 01:06 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jcm15166336 [pii] AID - jcm-15-06336 [pii] AID - 10.3390/jcm15166336 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Clin Med. 2026 Aug 16;15(16):6336. doi: 10.3390/jcm15166336. PMID- 42652543 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260827 LR - 20260829 IS - 2077-0383 (Print) IS - 2077-0383 (Electronic) IS - 2077-0383 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 16 DP - 2026 Aug 7 TI - Psychiatric and Psychosocial Outcomes of Bariatric Surgery in Adolescents and Adult Women: A Prospective Cohort Study. LID - 10.3390/jcm15166139 [doi] LID - 6139 AB - Background/Objectives: The rising prevalence of severe adolescent obesity has increased the number of young patients referred for bariatric surgery. The psychiatric and psychosocial profiles of adolescents and of adult women undergoing this treatment remain insufficiently characterized. This study compared preoperative and postoperative psychiatric, psychosocial, and metabolic profiles of adolescents and adult women undergoing bariatric surgery. Methods: This prospective cohort study recruited 77 consecutive female patients (32 adolescents aged <18 years; 45 adult women aged 18-25 years) at a single bariatric center in Poland between December 2022 and December 2023. All participants underwent comprehensive preoperative and one-year postoperative assessments including laboratory testing, standardized psychiatric interviews, and psychometric screening with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Results: Preoperatively, adolescents were more severely affected for their age (median BMI-for-age z-score 3.53) and waited longer between the first obesity clinic visit and surgery. Adolescents more frequently reported self-harm behaviors and moderate-to-severe depression on the BDI, whereas adult women more often reported psychoactive substance use. Both groups achieved comparable improvements in laboratory and comorbidity outcomes at one year, although relative weight loss was greater in adult women (median total weight loss 37.6% vs. 28.4%, p < 0.0001). Postoperatively, a greater proportion of adolescents than adult women improved with respect to social anxiety (50.0% vs. 13.3%, p = 0.0007) and BDI depression severity (53.1% vs. 24.4%, p = 0.02), whereas a greater proportion of adult women improved with respect to psychoactive substance use (46.7% vs. 12.5%, p = 0.003). Generalized anxiety and suicidal ideation declined within both groups, but the extent of improvement did not differ significantly between them. These differences persisted, and for several outcomes became larger, after adjustment for the reduction in BMI, which was smaller in adolescents. Conclusions: In this observational cohort, bariatric surgery was associated with distinct psychiatric and psychosocial outcome profiles in adolescents compared with adult women. Because the study was uncontrolled and included no non-surgical comparison group, these findings are hypothesis-generating and cannot establish a causal effect of surgery or of its timing; confirmation in larger, multicenter studies with appropriate comparison groups is required. Comprehensive multidisciplinary perioperative care and tailored postoperative psychological support appear important for both age groups. FAU - Herstowska, Marta AU - Herstowska M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0905-6233 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Diabetology and Endocrinology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland. FAU - Przygocka-Pieniazek, Ada AU - Przygocka-Pieniazek A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7831-0242 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Diabetology and Endocrinology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland. FAU - Lejk, Agnieszka AU - Lejk A AD - Department of Pediatrics, Diabetology and Endocrinology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland. FAU - Burzynski, Jacek AU - Burzynski J AD - Department of Biostatistics and Translational Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland. FAU - Mysliwiec, Malgorzata AU - Mysliwiec M AD - Department of Pediatrics, Diabetology and Endocrinology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland. FAU - Kaska, Lukasz AU - Kaska L AD - Hospital of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration, 80-104 Gdansk, Poland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260807 PL - Switzerland TA - J Clin Med JT - Journal of clinical medicine JID - 101606588 PMC - PMC13513403 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescent obesity OT - bariatric surgery OT - depression OT - mental health OT - psychosocial outcomes COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/27 05:35 MHDA- 2026/08/27 05:36 PMCR- 2026/08/07 CRDT- 2026/08/27 01:06 PHST- 2026/06/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/27 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/27 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/27 01:06 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jcm15166139 [pii] AID - jcm-15-06139 [pii] AID - 10.3390/jcm15166139 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Clin Med. 2026 Aug 7;15(16):6139. doi: 10.3390/jcm15166139. PMID- 42651535 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260827 LR - 20260829 IS - 2076-328X (Print) IS - 2076-328X (Electronic) IS - 2076-328X (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug 7 TI - The Association Between Physical Activity and Physical Literacy Among Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study. LID - 10.3390/bs16081358 [doi] LID - 1358 AB - This study examined the association between physical activity (PA) patterns and physical literacy (PL) among adolescents in Shanghai, China. The researchers conducted a cross-sectional survey between December 2021 and February 2022. They recruited 1624 adolescents aged 11 to 18 from schools in various districts of Shanghai using stratified sampling. Out of these, 1500 provided complete and valid questionnaires for analysis. The researchers assessed PL using a validated adolescent Physical Literacy Questionnaire and measured PA with an updated PA questionnaire that included school-based, household, transportation, and leisure activities. The demographic factors considered included gender, school stage, academic performance, and family socioeconomic status (SES). Two-way multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and multiple linear regression analyses were used to explore group differences and the connections between PA and PL. The MANOVA results showed significant differences in PA based on gender (F(1,1498) = 7.94, p < 0.001) and school stage (F(1,1498) = 9.79, p < 0.001). However, no significant differences were found concerning academic performance (F(1,1498) = 2.12, p = 0.081) or SES (F(1,1498) = 1.90, p = 0.072). On the other hand, PL varied significantly by school stage (F(1,1498) = 9.55, p < 0.001), academic performance (F(1,1498) = 8.84, p < 0.05), and SES (F(1,1498) = 7.94, p < 0.05), but not by gender (F(1,1498) = 1.90, p = 0.121). Furthermore, multiple regression analyses revealed that involvement in school-based, transportation, and leisure-time PA was positively associated with adolescents' PL, whereas household PA was not. These findings suggest that adolescents' participation in PA and their PL vary among different demographic groups. Additionally, different PA contexts are associated with varying degrees of PL development. Because of the cross-sectional nature of the study, these findings should be seen as associative rather than indicating a causal relationship. Programs that encourage participation in school-based, transportation, and leisure activities may help improve adolescents' physical literacy. FAU - Qian, Song AU - Qian S AD - School of Marxism, Shanghai University of Sport, No. 399, Changhai Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200438, China. FAU - Wang, Xuebin AU - Wang X AD - Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China. AD - Post-Doctoral Station of Sport Science, Fujian Normal University, Cangshan Campus, No. 8 Shangsan Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou 350007, China. FAU - Dan, He AU - Dan H AD - School of Journalism and Communication, Shanghai University of Sport, No. 399, Changhai Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200438, China. FAU - Qin, Yuke AU - Qin Y AD - School of Education, City University of Macau, Avenida Padre Tomas Pereira, Taipa, Macau 999078, China. LA - eng GR - 22CTY011/National Social Science Fund Youth Projects/ GR - 2020ETY004/Shanghai Social Science Planning Youth Project/ GR - C2-2020012/Shanghai Education Science Research Projects/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260807 PL - Switzerland TA - Behav Sci (Basel) JT - Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101576826 PMC - PMC13509980 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - household PA OT - moderate-to-vigorous PA OT - physical activity OT - physical literacy OT - school-based PA COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/27 05:35 MHDA- 2026/08/27 05:36 PMCR- 2026/08/07 CRDT- 2026/08/27 01:04 PHST- 2026/04/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/27 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/27 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/27 01:04 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bs16081358 [pii] AID - behavsci-16-01358 [pii] AID - 10.3390/bs16081358 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Behav Sci (Basel). 2026 Aug 7;16(8):1358. doi: 10.3390/bs16081358. PMID- 42651521 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260827 LR - 20260829 IS - 2076-328X (Print) IS - 2076-328X (Electronic) IS - 2076-328X (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug 5 TI - An Active Approach to Behavior: Exergaming Bike Breaks for Students with Disabilities. LID - 10.3390/bs16081344 [doi] LID - 1344 AB - Many children, particularly those with disabilities, do not meet the recommended amount of physical activity per day, which can increase the likelihood of poor health outcomes. Beyond the potential health benefits, physical activity breaks are associated with increased academic engagement and decreased stereotypy and off-task behavior. It is important to increase periods of physical activity in naturalistic settings like schools. The purpose of this article is to describe two pilot studies that examined the feasibility of integrating exergaming bike breaks into daily school routines for students with disabilities. Across the studies, data were collected on physical fitness, mood, classroom behavior, and acceptability. In Study 1, 13 students ages 9-13 with autism participated in exergaming biking for 15 min, 3 days per week for 6 weeks. No significant differences were observed between ride and non-ride days for teacher-reported behaviors; however, researcher-observed disruptive behaviors were significantly lower on ride days. In Study 2, six students with disabilities ages 9-17 who had a behavior intervention plan participated in biking for 5 days per week for 10 weeks. There was a significant increase in the percentage of time students were on-task and a decrease in time students were reported to be disruptive based on teacher behavior reports. Physical fitness remained low following intervention. Overall, exergaming biking was an acceptable and engaging form of physical activity that can be integrated into students' daily routines. Use of the bikes was associated with some improvement in classroom behavior. We discuss implications for practice and recommendations for future research. FAU - Kupzyk, Sara AU - Kupzyk S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6721-8659 AD - Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182, USA. FAU - Reelfs, Heidi K AU - Reelfs HK AD - Department of Physical Therapy, Munroe-Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68106, USA. FAU - Kupzyk, Kevin AU - Kupzyk K AD - College of Nursing, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA. LA - eng GR - 2017/Munroe-Meyer Institute Guild Grant/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260805 PL - Switzerland TA - Behav Sci (Basel) JT - Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101576826 PMC - PMC13509195 OTO - NOTNLM OT - exergaming OT - physical activity breaks OT - positive behavior intervention COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2026/08/27 05:35 MHDA- 2026/08/27 05:36 PMCR- 2026/08/05 CRDT- 2026/08/27 01:04 PHST- 2026/05/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/27 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/27 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/27 01:04 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bs16081344 [pii] AID - behavsci-16-01344 [pii] AID - 10.3390/bs16081344 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Behav Sci (Basel). 2026 Aug 5;16(8):1344. doi: 10.3390/bs16081344. PMID- 42651518 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260827 LR - 20260829 IS - 2076-328X (Print) IS - 2076-328X (Electronic) IS - 2076-328X (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug 4 TI - Beyond Screen Time: Parent-Adolescent Relationship as a Mediating Pathway Between Problematic Internet Use and Psychological Well-Being Among Malaysian Adolescents. LID - 10.3390/bs16081341 [doi] LID - 1341 AB - The construct of adolescent psychological well-being has long been a focus of both public discourse and scholarly inquiry. With the widespread adoption of the Internet, there have been growing concerns about adolescents' exposure to escalating online risks. Parental mediation has been hypothesised to facilitate the guidance and regulation of adolescents' Internet use. However, the specific mediating role of the parent-adolescent relationship in the association between problematic Internet use and psychological well-being has remained underexamined, a gap explored in the current study. Based on the theoretical underpinnings provided by Phase Three of Bronfenbrenner's Bioecological Model of Human Development, a cross-sectional survey using validated psychometric instruments was conducted, involving 1598 students (mean age 16.0 years; 51% female) from secondary schools in Selangor, Malaysia. For data analysis, inferential statistics and partial least squares-structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) were used to examine the complex structural relationships among the variables. Mean scores for problematic Internet use and psychological well-being indicated moderate severity levels. SEM results indicated the negative influence of problematic Internet use on psychological well-being (beta = -0.104 *, p = 0.040) and parent-adolescent relationship (beta = -0.241 **, p < 0.001) and a significant positive influence of parent-adolescent relationship on psychological well-being (beta = 0.328 **, p < 0.001). Subsequent mediation analysis confirmed the partial mediating effect of parent-adolescent relationship (indirect association: beta = -0.079) on the relationship between problematic Internet use and psychological well-being among Malaysian adolescents. This was consistent with Bronfenbrenner's Bioecological Model of Human Development. Strengthening the parent-adolescent relationship could mitigate the adverse psychological effects of excessive Internet use. From a policy perspective, these findings supported the use of family-focused intervention as a strategy to address the adverse psychological effects of problematic Internet use among adolescents. FAU - Okafor-Emeagha, Ijeoma Miriam AU - Okafor-Emeagha IM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2561-6680 AD - Faculty of Nursing Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia. FAU - Ramoo, Vimala AU - Ramoo V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8506-7826 AD - School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nursing and Education, Mahsa University, Bandar Saujana Putra, Jenjarom 42610, Selangor, Malaysia. FAU - Marret, Mary Joseph AU - Marret MJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1739-8751 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia. FAU - Ling, Lee Wan AU - Ling LW AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5584-2905 AD - Faculty of Nursing Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260804 PL - Switzerland TA - Behav Sci (Basel) JT - Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101576826 PMC - PMC13510131 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescence OT - parental mediation OT - problematic internet use OT - psychological well-being COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/27 05:35 MHDA- 2026/08/27 05:36 PMCR- 2026/08/04 CRDT- 2026/08/27 01:04 PHST- 2026/05/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/27 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/27 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/27 01:04 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bs16081341 [pii] AID - behavsci-16-01341 [pii] AID - 10.3390/bs16081341 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Behav Sci (Basel). 2026 Aug 4;16(8):1341. doi: 10.3390/bs16081341. PMID- 42651483 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260827 LR - 20260829 IS - 2076-328X (Print) IS - 2076-328X (Electronic) IS - 2076-328X (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug 1 TI - Developing and Evaluating a Universal Primary School Body Image Program: An Uncontrolled Pilot Study of Butterfly Body Bright. LID - 10.3390/bs16081306 [doi] LID - 1306 AB - Body image develops during childhood, yet few universal programs address body dissatisfaction and disordered eating risk across the primary school years. This paper describes the development of Butterfly Body Bright, which is, to our knowledge, a world-first whole-of-school program promoting positive body image and healthy relationships with eating and physical activity across all primary school years. We also describe an uncontrolled pilot study that evaluated the feasibility, acceptability, and impact of components of the program, namely, online staff training and teacher-led lessons from three program themes. Lessons targeted appearance-based teasing, media literacy, body gratitude, and self-compassion. Participants were 12 teachers and 114 Grade 4 to 6 children in Australia, who received one of seven Body Bright lessons. Significant pre- to immediate post-program improvements emerged in state body satisfaction, body appreciation, confidence managing appearance-based teasing, and help-seeking intentions. Specific lessons improved media literacy and appearance comparison and, at a 3-to-7-week follow-up, trait body appreciation. Boys showed improvement in state body satisfaction, confidence managing appearance-based teasing, and appreciation of body functionality. Girls showed improvement in state body satisfaction and media literacy. Butterfly Body Bright showed some promising preliminary results, with small to large effects, and was deemed feasible and acceptable by teachers, supporting the need for a randomized controlled trial. FAU - Damiano, Stephanie R AU - Damiano SR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7659-4413 AD - School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Australia. AD - Butterfly Foundation, Sydney 2065, Australia. FAU - Jarman, Hannah K AU - Jarman HK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8225-4511 AD - School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong 3220, Australia. FAU - Paxton, Susan J AU - Paxton SJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8486-1996 AD - School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Australia. LA - eng GR - NA/FDC Construction & Fitout/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260801 PL - Switzerland TA - Behav Sci (Basel) JT - Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101576826 PMC - PMC13509812 OTO - NOTNLM OT - body dissatisfaction OT - body image OT - children OT - prevention OT - school OT - teachers OT - universal COIS- The first author (SRD) serves as the Manager of Butterfly Body Bright at Butterfly Foundation, the organisation responsible for delivering the program evaluated in this study. The authors recognize this represents a competing interest and declare it accordingly. However, all authors affirm that this relationship has not influenced the collection, analysis, or interpretation of data, nor the presentation of results. To mitigate potential bias, data entry and statistical analyses were conducted independently by a university-based co-author (HKJ). All authors agree with the contents of this manuscript. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2026/08/27 05:35 MHDA- 2026/08/27 05:36 PMCR- 2026/08/01 CRDT- 2026/08/27 01:04 PHST- 2026/05/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/27 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/27 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/27 01:04 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bs16081306 [pii] AID - behavsci-16-01306 [pii] AID - 10.3390/bs16081306 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Behav Sci (Basel). 2026 Aug 1;16(8):1306. doi: 10.3390/bs16081306. PMID- 42650934 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260827 LR - 20260829 IS - 2075-4418 (Print) IS - 2075-4418 (Electronic) IS - 2075-4418 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 16 DP - 2026 Aug 11 TI - Applying Artificial Intelligence to Childhood Obesity: T2DM and MASLD Risk Predictive Models. LID - 10.3390/diagnostics16162533 [doi] LID - 2533 AB - Pediatric obesity is a complex, multifactorial pandemic with serious early-onset comorbidities, including prediabetes, type 2 diabetes, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), and cardiovascular disorders. While lifestyle modifications and the Mediterranean diet remain primary interventions, artificial intelligence (AI) is emerging as a critical tool for early diagnosis and personalized management. This review evaluates the current role of AI in predicting and treating childhood obesity and its complications. A literature search was conducted on PubMed and Google Scholar for English-language articles published from 2015 onward. Search terms included combinations of keywords related to "obesity", "pediatric", "comorbidities" (e.g., MASLD, diabetes), and "artificial intelligence" (e.g., machine learning, deep learning, multi-omics). Eligible study types ranged from original articles to systematic reviews and clinical guidelines. By integrating multi-omic data (genome, epigenome, transcriptome, metabolome, microbiota) with socio-psychological metrics, AI can predict obesity risk and early complications. Machine learning (ML) and deep learning have successfully identified specific metabolites, gut flora alterations, neurological pathways, and metabolic SNPs linked to obesity susceptibility. Furthermore, ML-driven prognostic models enable risk assessment for MASLD or diabetes progression, while specialized software supports remote lifestyle monitoring and tailored dietary interventions. AI has the potential to revolutionize pediatric obesity management through precision medicine. However, challenges regarding data privacy, digital literacy, and equitable access persist. Because current evidence relies heavily on limited and heterogeneous pediatric datasets, large-scale, well-characterized, and externally validated cohorts are essential to establish the clinical applicability of AI models before routine implementation. FAU - Amitrano, Marianna AU - Amitrano M AD - Unit of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Hospital "San Giovanni di Dio", 80027 Frattamaggiore, Italy. FAU - Mondillo, Gianluca AU - Mondillo G AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-7756-8145 AD - Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, Universita Degli Studi Della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy. FAU - Emiliano, Mario AU - Emiliano M AD - Unit of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Hospital "San Giovanni di Dio", 80027 Frattamaggiore, Italy. FAU - Santoro, Umberto Paolo AU - Santoro UP AD - Department of Public Health, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260811 PL - Switzerland TA - Diagnostics (Basel) JT - Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101658402 PMC - PMC13511550 OTO - NOTNLM OT - MASLD OT - artificial intelligence OT - childhood obesity OT - type 2 diabetes COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/27 05:35 MHDA- 2026/08/27 05:36 PMCR- 2026/08/11 CRDT- 2026/08/27 01:03 PHST- 2026/05/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/27 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/27 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/27 01:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - diagnostics16162533 [pii] AID - diagnostics-16-02533 [pii] AID - 10.3390/diagnostics16162533 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Diagnostics (Basel). 2026 Aug 11;16(16):2533. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics16162533. PMID- 42650452 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260827 LR - 20260829 IS - 2227-9067 (Print) IS - 2227-9067 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9067 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug 20 TI - AI-Enabled Physical Activity Intervention Strategies for Children and Adolescents: A Scoping Review. LID - 10.3390/children13081114 [doi] LID - 1114 AB - BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Most children and adolescents do not meet recommended physical activity (PA) levels. Artificial intelligence (AI) may enable personalized and adaptive interventions, but evidence across delivery formats remains unclear. This scoping review mapped AI-enabled PA interventions for children and adolescents aged 6-18 years. METHODS: Following PRISMA-ScR and Joanna Briggs Institute guidance, six databases were searched on 24 May 2026 for English-language studies published since 2018. Eligible studies used AI in intervention delivery and empirically evaluated at least one participant-level PA-related outcome following exposure to the intervention. The review protocol was registered during data analysis. RESULTS: Seven studies published between 2022 and 2026 were included. Primary AI techniques were computer vision (n = 3), generative AI or large language models (n = 2), reinforcement learning (n = 1), and evolutionary computation (n = 1). Interventions included immersive systems (n = 2), conversational agents (n = 2), exergames or serious games (n = 2), and a robot (n = 1). Three studies used controlled designs and four were single-arm pilot or feasibility studies. CONCLUSIONS: AI supported movement recognition, content generation, personalization, and adaptive feedback. However, the small, heterogeneous, and predominantly early-stage evidence base precludes conclusions about effectiveness. Rigorous controlled studies and transparent AI-specific reporting are needed. FAU - Zhao, Junling AU - Zhao J AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-8734-0444 AD - School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China. AD - China Center for Health Development Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China. FAU - Huang, Jiandong AU - Huang J AD - School of Control and Computer Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China. FAU - Shang, Zhaoyang AU - Shang Z AD - Department of Applied Mathematics and Informatics, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen 518172, China. FAU - He, Zhongkai AU - He Z AD - Department of Physical Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260820 PL - Switzerland TA - Children (Basel) JT - Children (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101648936 PMC - PMC13510757 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - artificial intelligence OT - children OT - machine learning OT - physical activity OT - scoping review OT - sedentary behaviour COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/27 05:35 MHDA- 2026/08/27 05:36 PMCR- 2026/08/20 CRDT- 2026/08/27 01:02 PHST- 2026/06/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/27 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/27 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/27 01:02 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - children13081114 [pii] AID - children-13-01114 [pii] AID - 10.3390/children13081114 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Children (Basel). 2026 Aug 20;13(8):1114. doi: 10.3390/children13081114. PMID- 42650380 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260827 LR - 20260829 IS - 2227-9067 (Print) IS - 2227-9067 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9067 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug 5 TI - Machine Learning-Based Prediction of Six-Minute Walk Distance in Children with Obesity. LID - 10.3390/children13081043 [doi] LID - 1043 AB - Background: The six-minute walk test (6MWT) assesses functional exercise capacity, but existing reference equations for children with obesity rely on traditional linear regression, potentially overlooking complex, non-linear relationships between anthropometric characteristics and functional exercise capacity. Objective: This study aimed to develop and internally validate machine-learning (ML) prediction models and preliminary prediction equations derived from explainable ML models for six-minute walk distance (6MWD) in Tunisian school-aged children with obesity and to compare their predictive performance with a conventional regression-based approach. Methods: We analyzed data from 236 school-aged children with obesity (104 females, 132 males; 6-12 years). Anthropometric measurements included body mass (BM), height, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and hip circumference (HC). Five models were evaluated: linear regression, Ridge, Lasso, Elastic Net, and XGBoost. Performance was assessed using five-fold cross-validation and evaluated by the mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean square error (RMSE). Predictor importance was assessed using SHapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP) and Gini importance. Results: XGBoost achieved the best predictive performance, with the lowest MAE (17.4 +/- 2.5 m in females and 19.5 +/- 1.9 m in males) and RMSE (25.3 +/- 3.1 m in females and 26.4 +/- 2.2 m in males). Age was the strongest predictor across all models (SHAP: 54.2-62.0%; Gini importance: 0.52-0.69), followed by height and BMI. Sex-specific analyses indicated that, in females, age and BMI contributed ~80% to the cumulative SHAP analysis; whereas, in males, age, height, and WC were the primary factors. Conclusions: ML, particularly XGBoost, significantly improves 6MWD prediction in school-aged children with obesity compared with traditional linear regression. Explainable ML increases model interpretability by evaluating the relative importance of anthropometric predictors. These obesity-specific prediction models may better capture complex non-linear associations between anthropometrics and functional exercise capacity. These initial population-specific models should be validated in larger independent samples before routine use clinical or field settings. FAU - Makni, Emna AU - Makni E AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-2941-1095 AD - Research Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Pathophysiology (LR19ES09), Faculty of Medicine Ibn Al-Jazzar, University of Sousse, Sousse 4002, Tunisia. FAU - Elloumi, Mohamed AU - Elloumi M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3751-2125 AD - Sport Sciences and Diagnostics Research Group, College of Sciences and Humanities, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Ammar, Achraf AU - Ammar A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0347-8053 AD - Department of Training and Movement Science, Institute of Sport Science, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55122 Mainz, Germany. AD - Research Laboratory, Molecular Bases of Human Pathology (LR19ES13), Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia. AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, School of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan. FAU - Brahim, Mehdi Ben AU - Brahim MB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8439-0429 AD - Sport Sciences and Diagnostics Research Group, College of Sciences and Humanities, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Hachana, Younes AU - Hachana Y AD - Research Laboratory (LR23JS01) "Sport Performance, Health & Society", Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Said, University of "La Manouba", Manouba 2037, Tunisia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260805 PL - Switzerland TA - Children (Basel) JT - Children (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101648936 PMC - PMC13511065 OTO - NOTNLM OT - anthropometry OT - explainable artificial intelligence OT - functional exercise capacity OT - pediatric obesity OT - predictive modelling COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/27 05:35 MHDA- 2026/08/27 05:36 PMCR- 2026/08/05 CRDT- 2026/08/27 01:02 PHST- 2026/07/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/27 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/27 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/27 01:02 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - children13081043 [pii] AID - children-13-01043 [pii] AID - 10.3390/children13081043 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Children (Basel). 2026 Aug 5;13(8):1043. doi: 10.3390/children13081043. PMID- 42648697 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261027 IS - 1534-4436 (Electronic) IS - 1081-1206 (Linking) DP - 2026 Aug 26 TI - Pediatric Asthma Impairment and Risk Questionnaire identifies children most at risk for exacerbation. LID - S1081-1206(26)00413-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.anai.2026.08.017 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Uncontrolled asthma symptoms and prior-year exacerbations increase the risk of future exacerbations in school-aged children. The Pediatric Asthma Impairment and Risk Questionnaire (Peds-AIRQ) is an 8-item, equally weighted, yes/no asthma control tool validated for children aged 5 to 11 years that assesses current symptoms and exacerbation history. OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between asthma control, as assessed by the Peds-AIRQ, and subsequent 3-month exacerbation occurrence. METHODS: At enrollment, children with asthma (aged 5 to 11 years) and their parents/caregivers completed a baseline Peds-AIRQ. Parent/caregiver-reported exacerbations were captured monthly for 3 months after enrollment via an electronic survey. Logistic regression models used the baseline Peds-AIRQ score, asthma control category (well-controlled [WC], not WC [NWC], or very poorly controlled [VPC]), age, sex, race, ethnicity, and body mass index as covariates and 1 or more subsequent 3-month exacerbations as the dependent variable. RESULTS: Of the 399 children enrolled in the Peds-AIRQ validation study, 313 completed 1 or more follow-up surveys over 3 months: mean (SD) age was 7.9 (1.9) years, 63.3% were boys, 71.6% were White, and 25.9% were Hispanic or Latino. At baseline, Peds-AIRQ categorized 39.3% of children as having WC asthma, 43.1% as having NWC asthma, and 17.6% as having VPC asthma. During the 3-month follow-up, 69 (22%) children experienced 114 exacerbations. Each 1-point increase in baseline Peds-AIRQ score was associated with 32% increased odds of 1 or more subsequent 3-month exacerbations (odds ratio [OR], 1.32; 95% CI, 1.16-1.51; P < .001). Children with VPC asthma had greater odds of exacerbation than those with WC asthma (OR, 3.85; 95% CI, 1.79-8.24; P < .001) or NWC asthma (OR, 2.56; 95% CI, 1.26-5.21; P < .01). CONCLUSION: At the point of care, Peds-AIRQ can help identify children at risk for exacerbation over 3 months. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Bacharier, Leonard B AU - Bacharier LB AD - Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonary Medicine, Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt, Nashville, Tennessee. Electronic address: leonard.bacharier@vumc.org. FAU - Chipps, Bradley E AU - Chipps BE AD - Capital Allergy & Respiratory Disease Center, Sacramento, California. FAU - Coyne, Karin S AU - Coyne KS AD - PPD Evidera Patient-Centered Research, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, Massachusetts. FAU - Eudicone, James M AU - Eudicone JM AD - AstraZeneca, Wilmington, Delaware. FAU - George, Maureen AU - George M AD - Department of Nursing, Columbia University School of Nursing, New York, New York. FAU - Gilbert, Ileen AU - Gilbert I AD - AstraZeneca, Wilmington, Delaware. FAU - Guilbert, Theresa W AU - Guilbert TW AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio. FAU - Harding, Gale AU - Harding G AD - PPD Evidera Patient-Centered Research, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, Massachusetts. FAU - Lanz, Miguel J AU - Lanz MJ AD - Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Nicklaus Children's Hospital, Miami, Florida. FAU - LeNoir, Monique AU - LeNoir M AD - African American Wellness Project, Washington, District of Columbia. FAU - Mohammad, Acklema AU - Mohammad A AD - Urban Health Plan, The Bronx, New York. FAU - Murphy, Kevin R AU - Murphy KR AD - Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, Nebraska. FAU - Winders, Tonya AU - Winders T AD - Global Allergy & Airways Patient Platform, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Zeiger, Robert S AU - Zeiger RS AD - Department of Clinical Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Pasadena, California. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260826 PL - United States TA - Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol JT - Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology JID - 9503580 SB - IM COIS- Disclosures Dr Bacharier has served as a consultant for AstraZeneca, Avillion Life Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Recludix Pharma, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, and Sanofi; has received speaker fees from Regeneron Pharmaceuticals and Sanofi; is a member of the data and safety monitoring board for Aravax, AstraZeneca, Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Therapeutics/Vertex Pharmaceuticals, and DBV Technologies; and has received research support from the National Institutes of Health and Sanofi. Dr Chipps has served as an advisor, consultant, and speaker for AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Circassia, Genentech, Novartis, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, and Sanofi. Dr Coyne and Ms Harding are employees of PPD Evidera Patient-Centered Research, Thermo Fisher Scientific, which was contracted by AstraZeneca for study design and to collect and analyze data for this study. Mr Eudicone and Dr Gilbert are employees of AstraZeneca and may hold stock or stock options. Dr George has served as a consultant for AstraZeneca, Genentech/Roche, Verona Pharma, and VisionHealth; and has served as a speaker for AstraZeneca and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals. Dr Guilbert has received grants and personal fees from AstraZeneca, OM Pharma, and Sanofi/Regeneron/Amgen; has received grants from GSK; has received personal fees from Advent.com, AiCME, Genentech, PlatformQ Health, and Teva Pharmaceuticals; and has received royalties from UpToDate. Dr Lanz has served as a consultant or speaker for Amgen, Apogee, AstraZeneca, Chiesi, Genentech, Novartis, and Sanofi/Regeneron Pharmaceuticals; and has received grant funding from AstraZeneca, Genentech/Roche, and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals/Sanofi. Ms LeNoir has served on an advisory board for AstraZeneca and is a board member for the African American Wellness Project and the Digital Health for Equitable Health Alliance. Dr Mohammad has served on an advisory board for AstraZeneca. Dr Murphy has served as a consultant and speaker for AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Genentech, Merck, Mylan, Novartis, Optinose, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Sanofi, Stallergenes Greer, and Teva Pharmaceuticals. Ms Winders has served as a consultant and speaker for ALK-Abello A/S, AstraZeneca, Chiesi, Eli Lilly, Genentech, GSK, Novartis, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Roche, Sanofi, and Teva Pharmaceuticals. Dr Zeiger has received grant support from ALK-Abello A/S, AstraZeneca, Blueprint Medicines, Merck & Co, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, and Sanofi/Regeneron Pharmaceuticals; has received consulting fees from AstraZeneca; and has received royalties from UpToDate during the conduct of the present study. EDAT- 2026/08/26 23:35 MHDA- 2026/08/26 23:35 CRDT- 2026/08/26 19:17 PHST- 2026/03/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/31 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/26 23:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/26 23:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/26 19:17 [entrez] AID - S1081-1206(26)00413-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.anai.2026.08.017 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2026 Aug 26:S1081-1206(26)00413-8. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2026.08.017. PMID- 42648644 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261005 LR - 20261028 IS - 1938-3207 (Electronic) IS - 0002-9165 (Linking) VI - 124 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Construct validity of the Planetary Health Diet Index relative to global food group-based measures of a healthy diet: a multicountry analysis of 24-hour dietary intake data on the FAO/WHO Global Individual Food Consumption Data Tool. PG - 101495 LID - S0002-9165(26)00304-7 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2026.101495 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The Planetary Health Diet Index (PHDI) was developed as a measure of adherence to the Planetary Health Diet proposed by the EAT-Lancet Commissions; however, its construct validity for accurately reflecting a healthy diet as compared with other global dietary measures remain to be evaluated. OBJECTIVES: The construct validity of PHDI was assessed by comparing the strength of its associations with reference metrics of nutrient adequacy and moderation of foods associated with greater risks of diet-related noncommunicable diseases against food group diversity score (FGDS) and Global Diet Quality Score (GDQS), and its positive (GDQS+) and negative (GDQS-) submetrics. METHODS: Cross-sectional quantitative 24-h recall and food record data from 152,004 nonpregnant females and males (>/=15 y) from 45 surveys in 26 countries accessed from the FAO/WHO Global Individual Food Consumption Data Tool were analyzed. Multilevel linear and modified Poisson regression models quantified associations between PHDI, FGDS, GDQS+, and GDQS- with reference measures [e.g., mean adequacy ratio (MAR), % energy from ultraprocessed food (UPF)] or indicators of a healthy diet [e.g., >/=400 g/d of fruits and vegetables (F&V)], respectively. RESULTS: Adherence to PHDI was highest in low income (LIC) and lower-middle income countries (LMIC), and lowest in upper-middle income (UMIC) and high income countries (HIC). One-SD increments in PHDI were associated with higher MAR beta: 5.49 percentage points [pp]; [95% confidence interval (CI): 3.65 pp, 7.33 pp] in LIC to beta: 1.41 pp [95% CI: 1.23 pp, 1.58 pp] in UMIC, appropriate F&V intakes [relative risk (RR): 2.41 (95% CI: 1.85, 2.49) in UMIC to RR: 1.19 (95% CI: 1.05, 1.34) in LMIC], lower unprocessed red meat [beta: -10.0 g/d (95% CI: -11.4 g/d, -8.73 g/d) in LIC to beta: -6.86 g/d (95% CI: -7.54 g/d, -6.17 g/d) in UMIC], and lower proportions of energy from UPF [beta: -2.47 pp (95% CI: -3.77 pp, -1.18 pp) in LMIC to beta: -1.21 pp (95% CI: -2.32 pp, 0.105 pp) in LIC]; however, 1-SD increases in FGDS and GDQS+ outperformed PHDI in predicting measures of nutrient adequacy, particularly MAR [beta for FGDS: 11.2 pp (95% CI: 9.13 pp, 13.3 pp) in LIC to beta for FGDS: 8.57 pp (95% CI: 8.42 pp, 8.72 pp) in UMIC; beta for GDQS+: 9.82 pp (95% CI: 7.26 pp, 12.4 pp) in LMIC to beta for GDQS+: 7.18 pp (95% CI: 6.00 pp, 8.36 pp) in HIC] and appropriate F&V intakes [RR for FGDS: 2.78 (95% CI: 2.26, 3.41) in LMIC to RR for FGDS: 1.63 (95% CI: 1.22, 2.19) in HIC; RR for GDQS+: 2.39 (95% CI: 1.89, 2.89) in LMIC to RR for GDQS+: 1.55 (95% CI: 1.16, 1.96) in LIC]. CONCLUSIONS: PHDI may serve as a robust, dual-purpose measure for monitoring adherence to diets that are both sustainable and healthy in contexts with regular quantitative dietary intake assessments and low burdens of diet-related undernutrition. However, simpler food group-based measures, such as the FGDS, often show stronger associations with healthy diet subconstructs, such as nutrient adequacy, and are more feasible for large-scale, routine monitoring of diets. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 American Society for Nutrition. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Hanley-Cook, Giles T AU - Hanley-Cook GT AD - Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. Electronic address: giles.hanleycook@ugent.be. FAU - van der Meulen, Emma AU - van der Meulen E AD - Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. FAU - Beal, Ty AU - Beal T AD - Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition, Washington, DC, United States. FAU - Cacau, Leandro Teixeira AU - Cacau LT AD - Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260826 PL - United States TA - Am J Clin Nutr JT - The American journal of clinical nutrition JID - 0376027 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Diet, Healthy MH - Male MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - World Health Organization MH - Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Diet Records MH - Young Adult MH - Global Health MH - *Diet Surveys MH - Middle Aged MH - Diet MH - Energy Intake MH - Feeding Behavior OTO - NOTNLM OT - GDQS OT - MDD-W OT - Planetary Health Diet OT - dietary diversity OT - fruit and vegetable intake OT - moderation OT - nutrient adequacy OT - ultraprocessed foods OT - unprocessed red meat COIS- Conflict of interest The authors report no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/26 23:35 MHDA- 2026/10/05 23:29 CRDT- 2026/08/26 19:15 PHST- 2025/11/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/05 23:29 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/26 23:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/26 19:15 [entrez] AID - S0002-9165(26)00304-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2026.101495 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Am J Clin Nutr. 2026 Oct;124(4):101495. doi: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2026.101495. Epub 2026 Aug 26. PMID- 42648412 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260902 IS - 1872-7573 (Electronic) IS - 0378-8741 (Linking) VI - 374 IP - Pt 1 DP - 2026 Aug 26 TI - Pharmacodynamic-oriented serum pharmacochemistry-based discovery of the pharmacodynamic material basis and mechanism of Ohwia caudata leaves against acute ulcerative colitis. PG - 122326 LID - S0378-8741(26)01181-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jep.2026.122326 [doi] AB - ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Ohwia caudata leaves have long been used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat dysentery, gastroenteritis, and infantile malnutrition. However, their effect on ulcerative colitis (UC) remains unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY: This study aimed to investigate the pharmacodynamic material basis and underlying mechanism of O. caudata leaves against acute UC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An acute UC mouse model was induced by 2.5% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) to evaluate the pharmacodynamics of the 70% ethanol extract and different extraction/elution fractions of O. caudata leaves. The chemical constituents of the most active fraction were isolated and identified using various chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques. Serum pharmacochemistry coupled with LC-MS was employed to identify prototype components absorbed into the blood. The anti-inflammatory activity of the absorbed components was screened by measuring nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Network pharmacology was used to predict the potential targets and pathways of the active components, and key signaling pathways were validated by Western blot. RESULTS: The 95% ethanol elution fraction (OCLH) was identified as the main anti-UC active fraction. From this fraction, 81 compounds were isolated and identified, including aliphatic glycosides, ionone glycosides, flavonoid glycosides, etc. 27 prototype components were found to enter the bloodstream, among which 16 exhibited significant inhibitory activity against NO production. Representative flavonoid C-glycosides (compounds 25, 30, 31, 38) significantly suppressed the phosphorylation levels of p38, Erk1/2, and AKT, and down-regulated the protein expression of PI3K, IL-6, and TNF-alpha in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. CONCLUSION: The 95% ethanol elution fraction of O. caudata leaves is the main pharmacodynamic fraction responsible for ameliorating acute UC. Flavonoid C-glycosides are the key active components, and their mechanism is associated with the intervention of TNF-mediated MAPK and PI3K-AKT signaling pathways. This study provides a scientific basis for the rational clinical application of O. caudata leaves and the discovery of anti-UC lead compounds. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Ruan, Jingya AU - Ruan J AD - Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China. FAU - Zhang, Qianqian AU - Zhang Q AD - School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China. FAU - Geng, Qianqian AU - Geng Q AD - School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China. FAU - Wu, Yijin AU - Wu Y AD - School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China. FAU - Liu, Qian AU - Liu Q AD - School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China. FAU - Zhang, Ping AU - Zhang P AD - School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China. FAU - Zhang, Yi AU - Zhang Y AD - Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China. Electronic address: zhwwxzh@tjutcm.edu.cn. FAU - Wang, Tao AU - Wang T AD - Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China. Electronic address: wangtao@tjutcm.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260826 PL - Ireland TA - J Ethnopharmacol JT - Journal of ethnopharmacology JID - 7903310 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Mechanism of action OT - Pharmacological substances OT - TNF/MAPK/PI3K-AKT signaling pathway OT - The leaves of O. caudata OT - Ulcerative colitis COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. The authors have used DeepSeek for language polishing of this manuscript. EDAT- 2026/08/26 23:35 MHDA- 2026/08/26 23:35 CRDT- 2026/08/26 19:11 PHST- 2026/06/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/26 23:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/26 23:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/26 19:11 [entrez] AID - S0378-8741(26)01181-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jep.2026.122326 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - J Ethnopharmacol. 2026 Aug 26;374(Pt 1):122326. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2026.122326. PMID- 42647367 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260826 LR - 20260828 IS - 2411-5142 (Electronic) IS - 2411-5142 (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Aug 22 TI - Comparison of Anthropometric Equations to Estimate Body Composition in Chilean Male Adolescent Soccer Players. LID - 10.3390/jfmk11030326 [doi] LID - 326 AB - Background: Anthropometric body-composition assessment in youth soccer commonly relies on equations developed in different source populations and based on distinct body-composition models, potentially altering nutritional and sport-related interpretation. This study compared body-fat estimates from equations intended to report the same outcome, body fat percentage, but based on different operational models, and quantified muscle-mass outputs from anthropometric approaches targeting total-body skeletal, whole-body, and tissue-level muscle compartments in a cohort of Chilean male U-15 and U-16 players. Methods: This secondary cross-sectional method-comparison study analyzed anonymized anthropometric records collected in 2018 from 50 male players. Slaughter, Faulkner, Carter, Deurenberg, and Sloan-Siri estimates of body fat were compared, together with Poortmans, Lee, Doupe, and Kerr muscle-mass approaches. Absolute agreement among adiposity equations was evaluated using a two-way random-effects, absolute-agreement, single-measure ICC [ICC(A,1)] and Bland-Altman analyses. Muscle-mass approaches were compared with repeated-measures analysis; pairwise difference-versus-mean summaries across different muscle constructs were interpreted descriptively rather than as formal agreement tests. Sensitivity analyses excluded Deurenberg and examined a maturation-related Slaughter scenario. Results: Deurenberg yielded the highest body-fat estimate (18.97 +/- 3.07%), followed by Slaughter (13.32 +/- 3.35%), Faulkner (10.84 +/- 1.40%), Sloan-Siri (8.01 +/- 2.80%), and Carter (7.91 +/- 1.49%). Global differences were large (chi(2)(4) = 182.96; p < 0.001; Kendall's W = 0.915), and individual absolute agreement was low [ICC(A,1) = 0.157; bootstrap 95% CI 0.102-0.212]. Excluding Deurenberg did not remove the between-method differences (chi(2)(3) = 124.44; p < 0.001; W = 0.830). For muscle mass, mean estimates ranged from 25.11 +/- 3.07 kg with Poortmans to 31.26 +/- 4.94 kg with Doupe, with a significant method effect after Greenhouse-Geisser correction (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The adiposity equations yielded substantially different numerical estimates of the same reported outcome, body fat percentage, and showed low individual-level absolute agreement. Muscle-mass approaches also produced large numerical differences, partly expected because they target different compartments. Outputs from different equations or constructs should not be treated as numerically interchangeable. Because no criterion reference method was included, this study quantifies method dependence rather than validity and cannot identify the most accurate equation. FAU - Farfan-Diaz, Alvaro AU - Farfan-Diaz A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-2435-0185 AD - Carrera de Nutricion y Dietetica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Tarapaca, Arica 1000000, Chile. FAU - Alarcon-Rivera, Miguel AU - Alarcon-Rivera M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8341-5567 AD - Escuela de Ciencias del Deporte y Actividad Fisica, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tomas, Talca 3460000, Chile. FAU - Andrade Oyarzun, Marcelo AU - Andrade Oyarzun M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-9430-2646 AD - Departamento de Nutricion y Dietetica, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas 6210427, Chile. AD - Centro Asistencial de Docencia e Investigacion, Universidad de Magallanes (CADI-UMAG), Punta Arenas 6210427, Chile. FAU - Tapia-Villanueva, Daniel AU - Tapia-Villanueva D AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-8414-7791 AD - Independent Researcher, Santiago 8320000, Chile. FAU - Garcia-Carrillo, Exal AU - Garcia-Carrillo E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6190-938X AD - Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Faculty of Education Sciences, Universidad Catolica del Maule, Talca 3480112, Chile. AD - Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno 5290000, Chile. FAU - Molina-Marquez, Ivan AU - Molina-Marquez I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6003-5107 AD - Pedagogia en Educacion Fisica, Facultad de Educacion, Universidad Adventista de Chile, Chillan 3780000, Chile. AD - Programa Doctorado en Ciencias de la Actividad Fisica, Universidad Catolica del Maule, Talca 3460000, Chile. FAU - Yanez-Sepulveda, Rodrigo AU - Yanez-Sepulveda R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9311-6576 AD - Escuela de Ciencias del Deporte, Facultad de Educacion y Humanidades, Universidad Andres Bello, Vina del Mar 2200055, Chile. AD - School of Medicine, Universidad Espiritu Santo, Samborondon 092301, Ecuador. FAU - Barrera-Gonzalez, Dario AU - Barrera-Gonzalez D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4799-341X AD - Carrera de Kinesiologia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Chile, Talca 3460000, Chile. FAU - Montalva-Valenzuela, Felipe AU - Montalva-Valenzuela F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0004-3089 AD - Escuela de Entrenador en Actividad Fisica y Deporte, Facultad de Ciencias Humanas, Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago 8370993, Chile. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260822 PL - Switzerland TA - J Funct Morphol Kinesiol JT - Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology JID - 101712257 PMC - PMC13511747 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adiposity OT - body composition OT - kinanthropometry OT - method comparison OT - skeletal muscle OT - youth soccer COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/26 17:37 MHDA- 2026/08/26 17:38 PMCR- 2026/08/22 CRDT- 2026/08/26 12:54 PHST- 2026/07/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/26 17:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/26 17:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/26 12:54 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jfmk11030326 [pii] AID - jfmk-11-00326 [pii] AID - 10.3390/jfmk11030326 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Funct Morphol Kinesiol. 2026 Aug 22;11(3):326. doi: 10.3390/jfmk11030326. PMID- 42646535 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260826 LR - 20260828 IS - 2039-4403 (Electronic) IS - 2039-439X (Print) IS - 2039-439X (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug 4 TI - Development of Thai-Specific Gestational Weight Gain Targets Using Asian BMI Cut-Points: Implications for Nursing and Midwifery Practice in Preventing Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. LID - 10.3390/nursrep16080274 [doi] LID - 274 AB - Background: Thai obstetric nurses follow WHO gestational weight gain (GWG) guidelines to prevent gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However, these Western-derived guidelines misclassify approximately 16% of Thai pregnant women, who carry excess metabolic risk at lower BMI values than Western populations. Objectives: To derive and validate Thai-specific GWG targets using Thai BMI cut-points across five BMI subgroups and assess implications for nursing practice in GDM prevention. Methods: Retrospective cohort study of 1396 Thai singleton pregnancies at a maternal and child hospital (2023-2025). GWG targets were derived as interquartile ranges (P25-P75) from a healthy-outcomes subgroup (n = 706), with validity confirmed by multivariable logistic regression and a 70:30 derivation/validation split. Results: GDM prevalence was 15.8%, with a rising crude trend that was attenuated after accounting for a mid-study change in screening protocol. Provisional Thai-specific GWG targets were underweight/normal weight 11.5-18.0 kg, overweight 9.7-18.0 kg, obesity class I 9.1-16.0 kg, and obesity class II+ 5.8-12.1 kg. Inadequate GWG in obesity class I was associated with a 3.92-fold GDM risk increase (aOR 3.92, 95% CI 2.12-7.24, p < 0.001). Adherence improved from 34.7% (IOM 2009) to 50.2% with Thai-specific targets. Conclusions: These Thai-specific GWG targets are provisional, single-centre pilot estimates. They appear clinically safe and are substantially more achievable than IOM 2009 criteria and are offered to inform BMI-appropriate antenatal counselling and to justify a multi-centre validation study, rather than as ranges that are ready for immediate national adoption. FAU - Xuto, Piyanut AU - Xuto P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1338-0789 AD - Faculty of Nursing, Chiang Mai University, 110/406 Intawaroros rd., Suthep, Muang, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. FAU - Bressington, Daniel AU - Bressington D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0951-2208 AD - Faculty of Nursing, Chiang Mai University, 110/406 Intawaroros rd., Suthep, Muang, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. FAU - Khiaokham, Lawitra AU - Khiaokham L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4008-5446 AD - Faculty of Nursing, Chiang Mai University, 110/406 Intawaroros rd., Suthep, Muang, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. FAU - Khaw-On, Patompong AU - Khaw-On P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9965-5319 AD - Faculty of Nursing, Chiang Mai University, 110/406 Intawaroros rd., Suthep, Muang, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. FAU - Matayaboon, Nantarat AU - Matayaboon N AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-9365-0733 AD - Faculty of Nursing, Chiang Mai University, 110/406 Intawaroros rd., Suthep, Muang, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. FAU - Sangsawang, Suraphan AU - Sangsawang S AD - Regional Health Promotion Center 1, Department of Health, Ministry of Public Health, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand. FAU - Janta, Nantawan AU - Janta N AD - Regional Health Promotion Center 1, Department of Health, Ministry of Public Health, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand. FAU - Sungplipan, Pradab AU - Sungplipan P AD - Regional Health Promotion Center 1, Department of Health, Ministry of Public Health, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand. FAU - Wiangsuwan, Suratsawadee AU - Wiangsuwan S AD - Regional Health Promotion Center 1, Department of Health, Ministry of Public Health, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand. FAU - Chaiwatthanakorn, Sujitra AU - Chaiwatthanakorn S AD - Regional Health Promotion Center 1, Department of Health, Ministry of Public Health, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand. FAU - Phiwon, Ampaporn AU - Phiwon A AD - Regional Health Promotion Center 1, Department of Health, Ministry of Public Health, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand. FAU - Khetwang, Kamonchanok AU - Khetwang K AD - Regional Health Promotion Center 1, Department of Health, Ministry of Public Health, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand. FAU - Charuloedphong, Ratchaneewan AU - Charuloedphong R AD - Regional Health Promotion Center 1, Department of Health, Ministry of Public Health, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand. LA - eng GR - The Chiang Mai University International Visiting Professor Fellowship scheme./Chiang Mai University/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260804 PL - Switzerland TA - Nurs Rep JT - Nursing reports (Pavia, Italy) JID - 101592662 PMC - PMC13516527 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Asian populations OT - antenatal care OT - body mass index OT - gestational diabetes mellitus OT - gestational weight gain OT - midwifery OT - nursing COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/26 17:37 MHDA- 2026/08/26 17:38 PMCR- 2026/08/04 CRDT- 2026/08/26 11:31 PHST- 2026/06/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/26 17:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/26 17:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/26 11:31 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nursrep16080274 [pii] AID - nursrep-16-00274 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nursrep16080274 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nurs Rep. 2026 Aug 4;16(8):274. doi: 10.3390/nursrep16080274. PMID- 42644700 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260826 LR - 20260826 IS - 1938-2359 (Electronic) IS - 0090-4481 (Linking) VI - 55 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Structured Approach to Pediatric Acute Gastroenteritis: Discussion of Diagnostics and Treatment of Acute Gastroenteritis in Children. PG - e323-e327 LID - 10.3928/19382359-20260609-05 [doi] AB - Pediatric acute gastroenteritis remains a leading global cause of mortality and malnutrition, accounting for 1.7 billion annual cases. Despite its prevalence, management remains variable. This article advocates for a transition from unstructured clinical "gestalt" to evidence-based frameworks in order to improve outcomes. Diagnostic evaluation should prioritize validated tools, like the Clinical Dehydration Scale and the Gorelick Scale, as physician intuition often lacks precision. Laboratory diagnostics and polymerase chain reaction testing should be reserved for severe cases or patients with high risk to avoid over testing. Management emphasizes oral rehydration therapy as the gold standard for mild-to-moderate dehydration, supported by single-dose ondansetron to reduce intravenous (IV) fluid reliance and hospitalization. Antimicrobials are indicated only for specific pathogens (eg, Shigella, Vibrio cholerae) or immunocompromised hosts. Finally, there is discussion on systemic health disparities-noting that children who are Black and not Hispanic and children who are Hispanic are statistically less likely to receive IV fluids or admission-underscoring the role of standardized guidelines in ensuring equitable, high-value care. FAU - Traisman, Benjamin AU - Traisman B AD - Department of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital. FAU - Kilaru, Raga AU - Kilaru R AD - Department of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital. FAU - Parikh, Sonia AU - Parikh S AD - Department of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital. FAU - Listernick, Zoe AU - Listernick Z AD - Department of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital. AD - Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260801 PL - United States TA - Pediatr Ann JT - Pediatric annals JID - 0356657 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Gastroenteritis/diagnosis/therapy/complications MH - Acute Disease MH - Fluid Therapy/methods MH - Dehydration/therapy/etiology/diagnosis MH - Child COIS- Disclosure: The authors have disclosed no potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise. EDAT- 2026/08/26 11:50 MHDA- 2026/08/26 11:51 CRDT- 2026/08/26 09:46 PHST- 2026/08/26 11:51 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/26 11:50 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/26 09:46 [entrez] AID - 10.3928/19382359-20260609-05 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pediatr Ann. 2026 Aug;55(8):e323-e327. doi: 10.3928/19382359-20260609-05. Epub 2026 Aug 1. PMID- 42644658 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260826 LR - 20260828 IS - 1746-1561 (Electronic) IS - 0022-4391 (Print) IS - 0022-4391 (Linking) VI - 96 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Wearable-Supported Physical Education for Physical Activity and Psychosocial Beliefs in Underserved Adolescents. PG - e70219 LID - 10.1111/josh.70219 [doi] LID - e70219 AB - BACKGROUND: Despite well-established health benefits of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), many youth, especially from low-income households, remain insufficiently active. This study examined the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a fitness wearable-supported intervention to increase MVPA in physical education (PE) classes among underserved adolescents. METHODS: Four PE classes (N = 55 enrolled; ages 11-14) at a low-income public school were assigned to either a two-week wearable-supported PE or usual PE, and analyses included the 52 students with pre- and post-assessment data. Feasibility benchmarks (recruitment, retention, data completeness, adherence, dose, technology) were compared against benchmarks set a priori. Between-group differences in change in MVPA (actigraphy) and psychosocial beliefs (questionnaires) were analyzed using ANCOVA or non-parametric equivalent tests. RESULTS: Recruitment, retention, data collection, and technology adherence benchmarks were met. A significant interaction for MVPA of in-class PE was observed (F(1, 47) = 14.60, p < 0.01, etap2 = 0.24), favoring the intervention group. No significant improvements in psychosocial beliefs were observed in either group. IMPLICATIONS FOR SCHOOL HEALTH POLICY, PRACTICE, AND EQUITY: Schools and health professionals may consider integrating digital health tools, aligned with evidence-based pedagogical strategies and behavior change techniques to facilitate health-enhancing physical activity. CONCLUSIONS: Self-monitoring and real-time feedback via fitness wearables may increase in-class engagement in MVPA among underserved adolescents, however, further studies are warranted to strengthen the evidence in this population. CI - (c) 2026 American School Health Association. FAU - Ryu, Suryeon AU - Ryu S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8080-8821 AD - School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. AD - Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, Children's Mercy, Kansas City, Missouri, USA. FAU - Kringle, Emily AU - Kringle E AD - School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. FAU - Gao, Zan AU - Gao Z AD - Department of Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport Studies, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - J Sch Health JT - The Journal of school health JID - 0376370 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Child MH - *Physical Education and Training/methods MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - *Wearable Electronic Devices MH - *Vulnerable Populations/psychology MH - Feasibility Studies MH - Digital Health MH - Poverty MH - School Health Services PMC - PMC13509092 OTO - NOTNLM OT - digital health literacy OT - health equity OT - health technology OT - physical activity disparities OT - self-regulation COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/26 11:50 MHDA- 2026/08/26 11:51 PMCR- 2026/08/26 CRDT- 2026/08/26 09:22 PHST- 2026/07/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/12/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/26 11:51 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/26 11:50 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/26 09:22 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JOSH70219 [pii] AID - 10.1111/josh.70219 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Sch Health. 2026 Sep;96(9):e70219. doi: 10.1111/josh.70219. PMID- 42644423 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260826 IS - 1464-5165 (Electronic) IS - 0963-8288 (Linking) DP - 2026 Aug 26 TI - Optimizing upper extremity rehabilitation in children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy: adjunctive strategies and an integrative framework. PG - 1-16 LID - 10.1080/09638288.2026.2719950 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: Intensive, motor learning-based interventions such as constraint-induced movement therapy and bimanual training improve upper extremity outcomes in children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy, yet required effective dosages are difficult to deliver in clinical settings. This paper conceptualizes how adjunctive strategies may optimize upper extremity rehabilitation by addressing translational constraints. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This perspective integrates selected empirical findings and theory-driven interpretation informed by our experience in pediatric neurorehabilitation and motor learning. Rather than offering a comprehensive review, we use representative evidence to motivate a novel framework and provide pragmatic judgements for clinicians and researchers. RESULTS: Although high-dose, motor learning-based therapies remain the gold standard to improve upper extremity function, implementation is limited by time, cost, and service-delivery constraints. Adjunctive strategies may enhance feasibility through complementary mechanisms: dose modification (e.g., neuromodulation paired with training to enhance responsiveness to practice); and dose distribution (e.g., home-based training, telerehabilitation, and recreational physical activity, which redistribute structured motor practice across varied contexts). Together, these approaches may support sustained practice, motivation, and participation beyond the clinic. CONCLUSION: We propose an integrative framework that positions adjunctive strategies as complements to, rather than replacements for, intensive motor learning-based interventions, supporting upper extremity improvements with fewer clinical hours. FAU - Metelski, Nicole AU - Metelski N AD - Department of Biobehavioral Sciences, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Gordon, Andrew M AU - Gordon AM AD - Department of Biobehavioral Sciences, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260826 PL - England TA - Disabil Rehabil JT - Disability and rehabilitation JID - 9207179 SB - IM OAB - High-dose, motor learning-based upper extremity therapies remain the gold standard for children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy, but feasibility is limited by time, cost, and service-delivery constraints.Adjunctive strategies can support upper extremity improvements by enhancing responsiveness to practice or by redistributing practice across settings and schedules.Individual factors, including neurophysiology, age, family capacity, and practice context, should inform selection and integration of adjunctive strategies alongside clinic-based therapy.Distributing motor practice across clinical, home, school, and community contexts may help preserve task-specific, goal-directed practice while reducing reliance on high-dose clinic-based therapy. OABL- eng OTO - NOTNLM OT - Unilateral spastic cerebral palsy OT - home-based training OT - intensive training OT - noninvasive brain stimulation OT - recreational physical activity OT - telerehabilitation OT - therapy dosage OT - upper extremity rehabilitation EDAT- 2026/08/26 11:50 MHDA- 2026/08/26 11:50 CRDT- 2026/08/26 07:33 PHST- 2026/08/26 11:50 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/26 11:50 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/26 07:33 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/09638288.2026.2719950 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Disabil Rehabil. 2026 Aug 26:1-16. doi: 10.1080/09638288.2026.2719950. PMID- 42643824 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260826 LR - 20260827 IS - 2383-1219 (Electronic) IS - 2345-5152 (Print) IS - 2345-5152 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Jul TI - The Correlations between Spatial Equality and School Environment with Children's Physical Activity Levels: The Mediating Role of Motivation toward Physical Education. PG - 196-204 LID - 10.30476/intjsh.2026.109473.1592 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Children's engagement in physical activity (PA) is influenced by a combination of environmental and psychological factors. The present study aimed to investigate the correlation of spatial equality and the school environment with children's PA levels, given the mediating role of motivation toward physical education (PE). METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2024 in Gorgan, Iran, involving 384 middle-school students (mean age=13.1+/-0.9 years; 194 (50.5%) female and 190 (49.5%) male students). The study participants completed validated questionnaires assessing spatial equality (NEWS-Y), the school environment (SPAEQ), motivation for PE (PEMS), and PA levels (PAQ-C). Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to investigate both direct and indirect correlations between the variables of the study. RESULTS: Boys exhibited significantly higher levels of PA (M=3.38+/-0.70) compared with girls (M=3.18+/-0.73; P=0.012). Both spatial equality and the school environment were positively correlated with motivation for PE (r=0.62, P<0.001; r=0.59, P<0.001, respectively) and with PA (r=0.48, P<0.001; r=0.51, P<0.001, respectively). SEM results revealed significant correlations of spatial equality (beta=0.14, P=0.005) and the school environment (beta=0.18, P<0.001) with PA, with motivation toward PE acting as a partial mediator (indirect beta=0.15-0.22, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The study results underscored the importance of comprehensive school interventions that integrate equitable infrastructure aimed at enhancing student motivation, thereby encouraging the development of lifelong habits of PA. CI - Copyright: (c) International Journal of School Health. FAU - Monadi, Aref AU - Monadi A AD - Department of Urban Engineering, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Design, Sooreh International University, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Dana, Amir AU - Dana A AD - Department of Physical Education, Ta.C, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran. FAU - Ghorbani, Saeed AU - Ghorbani S AD - Department of Physical Education, Isl.C., Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr, Iran. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260701 PL - Iran TA - Int J Sch Health JT - International journal of school health JID - 101702483 PMC - PMC13504179 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Environment OT - Exercise OT - Motivation OT - Schools OT - Spatial Equality COIS- None declared. EDAT- 2026/08/26 11:50 MHDA- 2026/08/26 11:51 PMCR- 2026/07/01 CRDT- 2026/08/26 06:18 PHST- 2025/11/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/12/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/01/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/26 11:51 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/26 11:50 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/26 06:18 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - intjsh-13-3 [pii] AID - 10.30476/intjsh.2026.109473.1592 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Sch Health. 2026 Jul 1;13(3):196-204. doi: 10.30476/intjsh.2026.109473.1592. eCollection 2026 Jul. PMID- 42643582 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260826 LR - 20260827 IS - 2296-2360 (Print) IS - 2296-2360 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2360 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Pulmonary function and risk factors in pediatric chest tightness variant asthma: a case-control study. PG - 1842381 LID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1842381 [doi] LID - 1842381 AB - OBJECTIVE: To investigate the pulmonary function characteristics and risk factors for pediatric chest tightness variant asthma (CTVA). METHODS: A retrospective case-control study was conducted. Clinical data of 39 children diagnosed with CTVA in our outpatient department from February 2022 to February 2024 were analyzed. Fifty healthy children undergoing physical examinations during the same period were enrolled as controls. All participants underwent fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) measurement and pulmonary ventilation function tests at initial diagnosis or physical examination. FeNO levels and pulmonary function parameters were compared between groups. Baseline demographic and clinical data were recorded. Univariate logistic regression analyses were performed to explore factors associated with pediatric CTVA. Due to the limited sample size (39 cases) and an event-per-variable ratio below the recommended minimum of 10:1 for reliable multivariable modeling, multivariate analysis was not performed. RESULTS: FeNO levels were significantly higher in the CTVA group than in the healthy control group (p = 0.016). FEV1/FVC, PEF, FEF25, FEF50, and FEF75 were significantly lower in the CTVA group (all p < 0.05), whereas FEV1, FVC, and MMEF showed no significant differences (p > 0.05). Significant intergroup differences were observed for obesity, inhalant allergen sensitization, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, history of recurrent respiratory infections, and family history of allergic diseases (all p < 0.05). Univariate logistic regression analysis confirmed these six factors as significantly associated with pediatric CTVA (all p < 0.05).ntified these six factors as potential independent risk factors for pediatric CTVA (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Children with CTVA have higher FeNO levels and lower FEV1/FVC, PEF, FEF25, FEF50, and FEF75 compared to healthy peers. Obesity, inhalant allergens, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, recurrent respiratory infections, and family history of allergic diseases showed significant univariate associations with pediatric CTVA in this exploratory cohort. Combined assessment of FeNO and small airway parameters may aid in the diagnostic evaluation of CTVA, although further diagnostic accuracy studies are needed. CI - (c) 2026 Cao, He, Yu and Tong. FAU - Cao, Ruo-Yu AU - Cao RY AD - Department of Pediatrics, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China. FAU - He, Wei-Chao AU - He WC AD - Department of Pediatrics, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China. FAU - Yu, Ya-Bin AU - Yu YB AD - Department of Pediatrics, Hejian City Hospital of TCM, Cangzhou Central Hospital Medical Group, Hejian City, Hebei, China. FAU - Tong, Shan-Shan AU - Tong SS AD - Department of Pediatrics, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260811 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Pediatr JT - Frontiers in pediatrics JID - 101615492 PMC - PMC13503571 OTO - NOTNLM OT - chest tightness variant asthma OT - children OT - fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) OT - pulmonary function OT - risk factors COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/26 11:50 MHDA- 2026/08/26 11:51 PMCR- 2026/08/11 CRDT- 2026/08/26 05:49 PHST- 2026/03/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/26 11:51 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/26 11:50 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/26 05:49 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1842381 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Pediatr. 2026 Aug 11;14:1842381. doi: 10.3389/fped.2026.1842381. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42642883 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260907 IS - 2151-4658 (Electronic) IS - 2151-464X (Linking) DP - 2026 Aug 25 TI - Validation of Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Pediatric Measures for Children With Chronic Nonbacterial Osteomyelitis. LID - 10.1002/acr.80146 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To assess the validity of the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Pediatric measures in patients with chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (CNO). METHODS: Within the longitudinal patient registry of CNO, English-speaking patients aged 8 years and older self-reported PROMIS Pediatric measures of fatigue, pain interference (PI), pain behavior (PB), mobility, upper extremity (UE), physical activity (PA), and strength impact (SI), and external validation measures. Log-transformed linear mixed-effects models with random patient intercepts were used to assess PROMIS T-score changes. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was performed to determine the PROMIS T-score changes among the improved, worsened, and unchanged groups. Spearman rank correlation test determined the relationship of PROMIS T-scores with disease status reported by patients/families. RESULTS: More than 1,000 clinical visits from 184 patients included PROMIS Pediatric measures entries. All PROMIS T-scores correlated significantly (P < 0.01) with patient-reported variables and physician global assessment (PHGA). The correlation between function and mobility, PB, and PI was good (r = 0.4-0.6). The correlation of patient-reported disease status was strong with PHGA (r = 0.75); moderate with mobility, PB, and PI; and weak with fatigue, SI, UE, and PA. The changes of PROMIS T-scores over time for mobility, PB, PA, and PI compared with the self-reported status change were significant (P < 0.05). After effective treatment, when clinical disease activity score improved by at least three points (n = 18), the change of PROMIS T-scores for mobility, PB, PI, and UE were significant (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: This study provided evidence supporting the use of PROMIS Pediatric mobility, PB, and PI measures for CNO clinical disease monitoring. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Arthritis Care & Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American College of Rheumatology. FAU - Eckert, Mary M AU - Eckert MM AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-2105-5025 AD - Western University of Health Sciences, Lebanon, Oregon. AD - Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington. FAU - Wu, Eveline Y AU - Wu EY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6394-6843 AD - The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. FAU - Oliver, Melissa AU - Oliver M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7689-2573 AD - Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis. FAU - Scheck, Joshua AU - Scheck J AD - Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington. FAU - Lapidus, Sivia AU - Lapidus S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8452-9937 AD - Joseph M. Sanzari Children's Hospital, Hackensack, New Jersey. AD - Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, New Jersey. AD - Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Hackensack, New Jersey. FAU - Akca, Ummusen Kaya AU - Akca UK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0426-9432 AD - Hacettepe University, Pediatric Rheumatology, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Yasin, Shima AU - Yasin S AD - University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City. FAU - Lenert, Aleksander AU - Lenert A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2129-3263 AD - University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City. FAU - Stern, Sara AU - Stern S AD - University of Utah, Salt Lake City. FAU - Insalaco, Antonella AU - Insalaco A AD - IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesu, Rheumatology, Rome, Italy. AD - ERN RITA Center, Rheumatology, Rome, Italy. FAU - Pardeo, Manuela AU - Pardeo M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0850-7351 AD - IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesu, Rheumatology, Rome, Italy. AD - ERN RITA Center, Rheumatology, Rome, Italy. FAU - Simonini, Gabriele AU - Simonini G AD - AOU Meyer Children's Hospital, Rheumatology, Florence, Italy. AD - ERN ReCONNET Center, Rheumatology, Florence, Italy. FAU - Marrani, Edoardo AU - Marrani E AD - AOU Meyer Children's Hospital, Rheumatology, Florence, Italy. FAU - Wang, Xing AU - Wang X AD - Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington. FAU - Huang, Bin AU - Huang B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9724-675X AD - Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio. AD - University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio. FAU - Kovalick, Leonard K AU - Kovalick LK AD - The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. FAU - Rosenwasser, Natalie AU - Rosenwasser N AD - Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington. AD - University of Washington, Seattle. FAU - Balay-Destrude, Erin AU - Balay-Destrude E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6235-1947 AD - Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington. AD - University of Washington, Seattle. FAU - Casselman, Gabriel AU - Casselman G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6950-7502 AD - Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington. AD - University of Washington, Seattle. FAU - Liau, Adriel AU - Liau A AD - Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington. AD - University of Washington, Seattle. FAU - Klein, Ava AU - Klein A AD - Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington. FAU - Shao, Yurong AU - Shao Y AD - Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington. FAU - Yang, Claire AU - Yang C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6822-0518 AD - Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington. AD - University of Washington, Seattle. FAU - Briggs, Molly AU - Briggs M AD - Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington. AD - University of Washington, Seattle. FAU - Mueller, Ethan AU - Mueller E AD - Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington. AD - University of Washington, Seattle. FAU - Deng, Emily AU - Deng E AD - Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington. AD - University of Washington, Seattle. FAU - Trunnell, Paige Rhiannon AU - Trunnell PR AD - Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington. AD - University of Washington, Seattle. FAU - Hamilton, Iris AU - Hamilton I AD - Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington. AD - University of Washington, Seattle. FAU - Machrone, Elise AU - Machrone E AD - Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington. AD - University of Washington, Seattle. FAU - Mosa, Doaa Mosad AU - Mosa DM AD - Mansoura University Hospitals, Rheumatology, Rehabilitation, Mansoura, Egypt. AD - Mansoura University, Rheumatology, Rehabilitation, Mansoura, Egypt. FAU - Tucker, Lori AU - Tucker L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4314-6750 AD - BC Children's Hospital, Rheumatology, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. AD - University of British Columbia, Rheumatology, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. FAU - Girschick, Hermann AU - Girschick H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2755-3129 AD - Vivantes Clinic Friedrichshain, Pediatrics, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Laxer, Ronald M AU - Laxer RM AD - The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. AD - University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. AD - St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Tiller, Georgina AU - Tiller G AD - Royal Children's Hospital, Pediatrics, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Akikusa, Jonathan AU - Akikusa J AD - Royal Children's Hospital, Pediatrics, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Hedrich, Christian M AU - Hedrich CM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1295-6179 AD - Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Liverpool, United Kingdom. AD - Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom. FAU - Onel, Karen AU - Onel K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1238-5361 AD - Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York. FAU - Dedeoglu, Fatma AU - Dedeoglu F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7516-0848 AD - Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. FAU - Twilt, Marinka AU - Twilt M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1954-2822 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Section of Rheumatology, Alberta Children's Hospital, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. FAU - Ozen, Seza AU - Ozen S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2883-7868 AD - Hacettepe University, Pediatric Rheumatology, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Ferguson, Polly J AU - Ferguson PJ AD - University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City. FAU - Schanberg, Laura AU - Schanberg L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1913-6472 AD - Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina. AD - Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina. FAU - Reeve, Bryce B AU - Reeve BB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6709-8714 AD - Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina. AD - Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina. FAU - Zhao, Yongdong AU - Zhao Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3618-1379 AD - Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington. AD - University of Washington, Seattle. LA - eng GR - Kaila Komfort/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260825 PL - United States TA - Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) JT - Arthritis care & research JID - 101518086 SB - IM EDAT- 2026/08/26 05:36 MHDA- 2026/08/26 05:36 CRDT- 2026/08/26 01:02 PHST- 2026/07/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/11/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/26 05:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/26 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/26 01:02 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/acr.80146 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2026 Aug 25. doi: 10.1002/acr.80146. PMID- 42642511 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260826 LR - 20260828 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Aug 25 TI - The relationship between problematic media use and their fear, anxiety and behavior during dental treatment in children. LID - 10.1038/s41598-026-63546-4 [doi] LID - 26663 AB - This study aimed to investigate individual, familial, and media-related factors associated with dental fear and anxiety (DFA) and dental behavior management problems (DBMP) in school-age children, with particular emphasis on problematic media use (PMU). In this cross-sectional study, 145 children aged 6-12 years undergoing restorative dental treatment were evaluated. Sociodemographic characteristics, maternal dental anxiety, children's media use characteristics, and PMU were assessed using parental questionnaires and the Problematic Media Use Measure-Short Form (PMUM-SF). Children's dental fear and anxiety were assessed using validated child questionnaires, namely the Children's Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS) and the Modified Child Dental Anxiety Scale (MCDASf), while behavior during dental treatment was assessed using the standardized Frankl Rating Scale (FRS). Group comparisons, correlation analyses, and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed. Dental anxiety and uncooperative behavior during dental treatment were more common among early school-age children than pre-teens (p = 0.011 and p = 0.002, respectively). Maternal dental anxiety was independently associated with uncooperative behavior during dental treatment (AOR = 2.93, 95% CI:1.36-6.30) and dental fear (AOR = 2.86, 95% CI:1.38-5.94). PMUM-SF scores did not differ significantly between children with and without dental anxiety in unadjusted analyses. However, after adjustment for potential confounders, higher PMUM-SF scores were independently associated with dental fear (AOR = 1.07, 95% CI:1.01-1.13). The observed correlations between PMUM-SF scores and dental anxiety-related measures were statistically significant but weak. Younger age and maternal dental anxiety were among the factors most consistently associated with children's dental fear and behavior. Although PMU showed only weak associations with dental anxiety-related outcomes, higher PMUM-SF scores were independently associated with dental fear after adjustment for potential confounders. These findings should be interpreted cautiously and considered exploratory given the cross-sectional design and modest effect sizes. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Mustuloglu, Seyma AU - Mustuloglu S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9796-4348 AD - Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey. dtseymaozturk@gmail.com. FAU - Tezol, Ozlem AU - Tezol O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9994-7832 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey. FAU - Yalcin, Siddika Songul AU - Yalcin SS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9061-4281 AD - Department of Social Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20260825 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Female MH - *Dental Anxiety/psychology/epidemiology MH - Male MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Child Behavior/psychology MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Media Exposure PMC - PMC13507237 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Behavior Management Problems OT - Children OT - Dental Fear and Anxiety OT - Problematic Media Use OT - Screen Time COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Ethical approval: Mersin University Non-Interventional Clinical Research Ethics Committee's (2022/740) approval was obtained. EDAT- 2026/08/26 05:36 MHDA- 2026/08/26 05:37 PMCR- 2026/08/25 CRDT- 2026/08/25 23:56 PHST- 2026/04/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/26 05:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/26 05:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/25 23:56 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-63546-4 [pii] AID - 63546 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-63546-4 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2026 Aug 25;16(1):26663. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-63546-4. PMID- 42641818 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260906 LR - 20260906 IS - 1874-1754 (Electronic) IS - 0167-5273 (Linking) VI - 463 DP - 2026 Nov 15 TI - Tracking arterial stiffness from childhood to adolescence: the role of adiposity and cardiometabolic factors. PG - 134754 LID - S0167-5273(26)00604-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ijcard.2026.134754 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) is the gold standard measure of central arterial stiffness and a predictor of cardiovascular events in adults, with growing relevance in pediatric populations. Although PWV increases naturally with age, cardiometabolic risk factors may accelerate this process. This study compared carotid-femoral PWV between non-overweight and overweight/obese adolescents, evaluated its progression from prepubertal age to early adolescence, and identified independent determinants of arterial stiffness. METHODS: This longitudinal study included 118 participants from the Generation XXI cohort (Porto, Portugal) assessed at ages 8-9 and 13-14 years. Carotid-femoral PWV was measured at both time points using a validated portable device. Anthropometric data, office blood pressure, and fasting blood samples for lipid profile, glucose, and insulin were collected. Body mass index (BMI) classification followed World Health Organization references. RESULTS: PWV increased significantly from childhood to adolescence (5.01 +/- 0.47 to 6.30 +/- 1.05 m/s; p < 0.001). At 13-14 years, overweight/obese adolescents had significantly higher PWV than non-overweight peers. PWV at 13-14 years correlated positively with BMI, BMI z-score, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and fasting glucose. In adjusted models, PWV at 8-9 years (beta = 0.39; p = 0.039) and BMI z-score at 13-14 years (beta = 0.33; p < 0.001) remained independent predictors of PWV at 13-14 years. CONCLUSIONS: Arterial stiffness in early adolescence reflects both vascular tracking from childhood and concurrent adiposity. These findings support early vascular screening and weight management interventions during key developmental periods to optimize long-term cardiovascular health. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Ventura, Daniela AU - Ventura D AD - Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas de Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal. FAU - Mosca, Sara AU - Mosca S AD - Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas de Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal; EPIUnit ITR, Instituto de Saude Publica da Universidade do Porto, University of Porto, Portugal; Pediatric Nephrology Department, Centro Materno-Infantil do Norte, ULS Santo Antonio, Portugal. FAU - Teixeira, Ana AU - Teixeira A AD - EPIUnit ITR, Instituto de Saude Publica da Universidade do Porto, University of Porto, Portugal; Pediatric Nephrology Department, Centro Materno-Infantil do Norte, ULS Santo Antonio, Portugal. FAU - Mota, Claudia AU - Mota C AD - Pediatric Cardiology Department, ULS Sao Joao, Portugal. FAU - Costa, Ana Luisa AU - Costa AL AD - Pediatric Cardiology Department, ULS Sao Joao, Portugal. FAU - Caldas Afonso, Alberto AU - Caldas Afonso A AD - Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas de Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal; EPIUnit ITR, Instituto de Saude Publica da Universidade do Porto, University of Porto, Portugal; Pediatric Nephrology Department, Centro Materno-Infantil do Norte, ULS Santo Antonio, Portugal. FAU - Correia-Costa, Liane AU - Correia-Costa L AD - Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas de Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal; EPIUnit ITR, Instituto de Saude Publica da Universidade do Porto, University of Porto, Portugal; Pediatric Nephrology Department, Centro Materno-Infantil do Norte, ULS Santo Antonio, Portugal. Electronic address: lianecosta@icbas.up.pt. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260825 PL - Netherlands TA - Int J Cardiol JT - International journal of cardiology JID - 8200291 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Vascular Stiffness/physiology MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Male MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - *Adiposity/physiology MH - *Cardiometabolic Risk Factors MH - Pulse Wave Analysis/methods MH - Cohort Studies MH - *Cardiovascular Diseases/physiopathology/epidemiology MH - Carotid-Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity/methods MH - Portugal/epidemiology MH - Body Mass Index OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescence OT - Arterial stiffness OT - Cardiovascular risk OT - Childhood obesity OT - Pulse wave velocity COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/08/25 23:33 MHDA- 2026/09/06 23:34 CRDT- 2026/08/25 19:12 PHST- 2026/06/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/06 23:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/25 23:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/25 19:12 [entrez] AID - S0167-5273(26)00604-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ijcard.2026.134754 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Cardiol. 2026 Nov 15;463:134754. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2026.134754. Epub 2026 Aug 25. PMID- 42641368 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260831 LR - 20260918 IS - 1532-3099 (Electronic) IS - 0266-6138 (Linking) VI - 162 DP - 2026 Nov TI - Exploring the dose-response relationship between prenatal exercise and postpartum depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. PG - 104960 LID - S0266-6138(26)00264-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.midw.2026.104960 [doi] AB - IMPORTANCE: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a hidden and widespread global public health crisis affecting millions of mothers and infants annually. Prenatal exercise is a potentially accessible nonpharmacological strategy for PPD prevention, but its optimal dose remains uncertain. OBJECTIVE: To explore the dose-response relationship between prenatal exercise and the incidence of PPD through meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). DATA SOURCES: Systematic searches were conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library using MeSH terms and keywords related to "pregnant women," "prenatal exercise," and "postpartum depression," up to June 23, 2025. STUDY SELECTION: RCTs included examined prenatal exercise interventions in pregnant women without a history of depression, with PPD incidence reported using validated depression scales (such as EPDS, CES-D). Non-RCT studies, duplicate publications, and studies with insufficient data were excluded. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Two researchers independently extracted data according to the PRISMA guidelines. A random-effects model was used to pool odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI). Linear and nonlinear dose-response models were employed to analyze and evaluate the relationship between exercise dose (measured in METs-min/week) and the incidence of PPD. MAIN OUTCOME(S) AND MEASURE(S): The primary outcome is the incidence of PPD, analyzing its relationship with prenatal exercise dose. RESULTS: Eight RCTs involving 2231 pregnant women were included. The pooled analysis showed that prenatal exercise was associated with a potential reduction in PPD incidence, although the overall effect did not reach statistical significance (OR=0.58, 95% CI [0.33, 1.02]). In dose-stratified analysis, exercise doses >/=500 METs-min/week were associated with significantly lower PPD incidence (OR=0.44, 95% CI [0.24, 0.78]). Subgroup analyses suggested trends toward greater benefits among women aged >/=30 years and those initiating exercise between 14 and 28 weeks of gestation; however, subgroup differences did not reach statistical significance. The linear dose-response trend did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.0533), and neither the overall spline association (p = 0.1704) nor the test for nonlinearity (p = 0.6361) was statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Prenatal exercise may be associated with a lower risk of PPD, but the overall pooled effect did not reach statistical significance. Findings concerning >/=500 METs-min/week and the apparent flattening of the dose-response curve should be considered exploratory and require confirmation in larger trials. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Lei, Zhuoling AU - Lei Z AD - School of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Institute of Motor Quotient, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China. FAU - Ma, Pengwei AU - Ma P AD - School of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Institute of Motor Quotient, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China. FAU - Xue, Zhuolin AU - Xue Z AD - School of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Institute of Motor Quotient, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China. FAU - Teo, Eng Wah AU - Teo EW AD - Faculty of Sports and Exercise Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 59100, Malaysia. FAU - Li, Junfeng AU - Li J AD - Ministry of Sports, Shandong Technology and Business University, Yantai, 264005, China. Electronic address: 201513386@sdtbu.edu.cn. FAU - Chang, Jindong AU - Chang J AD - School of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Institute of Motor Quotient, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Faculty of Sports and Exercise Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 59100, Malaysia. Electronic address: changlai@163.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Meta-Analysis PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20260820 PL - Scotland TA - Midwifery JT - Midwifery JID - 8510930 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic MH - *Depression, Postpartum/prevention & control/psychology MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - *Prenatal Care/methods/standards OTO - NOTNLM OT - Depression OT - METs OT - Meta-analysis OT - Postpartum depression OT - Prenatal exercise COIS- Declaration of competing interest All authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/25 23:33 MHDA- 2026/08/31 23:43 CRDT- 2026/08/25 18:06 PHST- 2025/09/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/31 23:43 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/25 23:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/25 18:06 [entrez] AID - S0266-6138(26)00264-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.midw.2026.104960 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Midwifery. 2026 Nov;162:104960. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2026.104960. Epub 2026 Aug 20. PMID- 42640944 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260825 LR - 20260904 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 8 DP - 2026 TI - Can different exercise modalities improve esports performance? Study protocol for a 12-week three-arm randomized controlled trial. PG - e0357119 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0357119 [doi] LID - e0357119 AB - BACKGROUND: Growing evidence indicates a positive association between physical exercise and both cognitive functions and gaming performance in esports players. However, most existing studies focus on acute or short-term effects and are limited by small sample sizes and a lack of follow-up assessments. Furthermore, comparisons between different exercise modalities remain largely unexplored. Therefore, longitudinal studies comparing optimal exercise protocols and their sustained effects on esports performance are critically needed. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to: (1) investigate and compare the long-term effects of 12-week high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on various dimensions of esports performance in first-person shooter (FPS) gamers; (2) examine the sustainability of these effects through a 4-week follow-up assessment; and (3) explore the potential associations between physical competence, psychological skills, and gaming performance. METHODS: In this three-arm randomized controlled trial, 195 FPS gamers (aged 18-29) will be randomly assigned to HIIT, MICT, or control groups. Interventions consist of three weekly sessions for 12 weeks (HIIT: 10 x 1-minute high-intensity bouts interspersed with 1-minute active recovery; MICT: 20-minute continuous moderate-intensity exercise). The primary outcome is flicking capacity (a core metric of esports performance). Secondary outcomes include other gaming operational metrics, esports-related psychological skills, body composition, and physical competence. All outcomes will be assessed at baseline, post-intervention (12 weeks), and follow-up (16 weeks). DISCUSSION: This protocol outlines a standardized longitudinal framework to address the critical lack of evidence-based esports training guidelines. Anticipated findings will further validate the benefits of physical exercise on esports performance, providing essential long-term empirical evidence for integrating optimal exercise modalities into esports training regimens. Furthermore, exploring the associations between physical competence, psychological skills, and operational performance will offer insights into the behavioral pathways of performance enhancement. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT07150312). Registered on Aug 29, 2025. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Tang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Tang, Di AU - Tang D AD - Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, Faculty of Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. AD - The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. FAU - Ye, Zheng AU - Ye Z AD - Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, Faculty of Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. FAU - Ma, Ruisi AU - Ma R AD - School of Physical Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Liu, Jinde AU - Liu J AD - Faculty of Physical Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. FAU - Ho, Wai Keung AU - Ho WK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0387-9869 AD - Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, Faculty of Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. FAU - Sum, Raymond Kim Wai AU - Sum RKW AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4051-9945 AD - Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, Faculty of Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT07150312 PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20260825 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *High-Intensity Interval Training/methods MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Exercise/physiology MH - Research Design PMC - PMC13505923 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/08/25 17:35 MHDA- 2026/08/25 17:36 PMCR- 2026/08/25 CRDT- 2026/08/25 13:35 PHST- 2026/03/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/25 17:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/25 17:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/25 13:35 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-26-12376 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0357119 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 Aug 25;21(8):e0357119. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0357119. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42640915 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260825 LR - 20260827 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 8 DP - 2026 TI - Circulating CTRP-1 levels are elevated in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A case-control study. PG - e0356461 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0356461 [doi] LID - e0356461 AB - OBJECTIVE: To investigate circulating C1q/TNF-related protein-1 (CTRP-1) levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and evaluate its potential association with metabolic and reproductive features of the syndrome. METHODS: A prospective cross-sectional case-control study was conducted between October 2021 and March 2022 including 96 women (48 with PCOS and 48 controls) aged 15-40 years. PCOS was diagnosed according to the 2003 Rotterdam criteria. Anthropometric measurements and fasting venous blood samples were obtained during the early follicular phase. Serum CTRP-1 levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Metabolic and hormonal parameters, including HOMA-IR, AMH, and androgen levels, were analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) adjusted for age and body mass index (BMI) were performed. RESULTS: Serum CTRP-1 levels were significantly higher in women with PCOS compared with controls (54.9 +/- 5.2 vs. 26.6 +/- 4.8 ng/mL, p < 0.001). CTRP-1 concentrations were associated with several metabolic and hormonal parameters, including BMI, fasting insulin, triglyceride levels, HDL cholesterol, and AMH. ROC curve analysis demonstrated excellent discriminatory ability within this cohort, although these findings should be interpreted cautiously given the relatively small sample size and case-control design. In multivariable analysis adjusting for age and BMI, CTRP-1 remained independently associated with PCOS (beta = 28.97, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Circulating CTRP-1 levels are elevated in women with PCOS and appear to be associated with both metabolic and reproductive characteristics of the syndrome. CTRP-1 may represent a potential biomarker related to metabolic dysregulation in PCOS; however, larger prospective and multicenter studies are required to validate its clinical and diagnostic utility. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Ali et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Ali, Cavide AU - Ali C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6188-1516 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Turkiye. AD - Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic, Kadikoy Acibadem Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Sayir, Alper AU - Sayir A AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Turkiye. FAU - Ocba, Feride AU - Ocba F AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Turkiye. FAU - Ozturk Atan, Deniz AU - Ozturk Atan D AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Turkiye. FAU - Harmanci, Melike Sevde AU - Harmanci MS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5629-2036 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Turkiye. FAU - Surecek, Mustafa Cem AU - Surecek MC AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkiye. FAU - Gulerman, Hacer Cavidan AU - Gulerman HC AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260825 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 RN - 0 (C1QTNF1 protein, human) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Proteins) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/blood MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Adult MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Prospective Studies MH - Body Mass Index MH - ROC Curve MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - Proteins PMC - PMC13505912 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/08/25 17:35 MHDA- 2026/08/25 17:36 PMCR- 2026/08/25 CRDT- 2026/08/25 13:34 PHST- 2026/04/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/25 17:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/25 17:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/25 13:34 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-26-16139 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0356461 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 Aug 25;21(8):e0356461. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0356461. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42640905 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260825 LR - 20260827 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 8 DP - 2026 TI - Identification and risk-factor analysis for individuals at high risk for keratoconus via machine learning and logistic regression. PG - e0354924 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0354924 [doi] LID - e0354924 AB - PURPOSE: To evaluate keratoconus (KC) risk factors and to develop a machine-learning (ML) model for KC and myopia classification. METHODS: In this retrospective single-center cross-sectional study, demographic and lifestyle data from patients with KC and individuals from a preoperative refractive surgery clinic were collected from January 20, 2024, to December 1, 2024. Univariable and multivariable regression analyses were used to identify key risk factors. Additionally, random forest (RF)-recursive feature elimination (RFE), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost)-RFE, and univariable logistic regression were applied to select factors for ML models. Seven ML models were developed for a lifestyle-based classification system, with the performance being validated through discrimination and calibration, and interpretability being improved using SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP). RESULTS: Analysis of 711 patients (mean [standard deviation] age, 26.6 [7.1] years; 439 males [61.7%]) revealed 275 with KC. Multivariable regression analysis identified seven risk factors for KC, including male sex, higher body-mass index (BMI), lower education level, more distant childhood residence, allergic conjunctivitis, and increased eye-rubbing intensity and frequency. After feature selection of 24 variables, the neural-network model demonstrated the highest performance (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUROC] = 0.79), followed by RF (AUROC = 0.77) and XGBoost (AUROC = 0.76). SHAP analysis consistently highlighted eye-rubbing intensity, sex, BMI, and childhood residence among the top 10 factors across the top three models, which were also confirmed by univariable logistic regression. CONCLUSION: ML models can distinguish high-risk KC groups based on clinical risk factors, facilitating risk stratification and early lifestyle interventions. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Du et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Du, Kaiyue AU - Du K AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China. AD - Key Laboratory of Vision Loss and Restoration, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China. FAU - Peng, Rongmei AU - Peng R AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China. AD - Key Laboratory of Vision Loss and Restoration, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China. FAU - Chen, Yueguo AU - Chen Y AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China. AD - Key Laboratory of Vision Loss and Restoration, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China. FAU - Yuan, Bowei AU - Yuan B AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China. AD - Key Laboratory of Vision Loss and Restoration, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China. FAU - Chen, Wei AU - Chen W AD - Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. FAU - Han, Liang AU - Han L AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China. AD - Key Laboratory of Vision Loss and Restoration, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China. FAU - Xiao, Gege AU - Xiao G AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China. AD - Key Laboratory of Vision Loss and Restoration, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China. FAU - Qu, Yi AU - Qu Y AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China. AD - Key Laboratory of Vision Loss and Restoration, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China. FAU - Hong, Jing AU - Hong J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8079-2073 AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China. AD - Key Laboratory of Vision Loss and Restoration, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260825 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Keratoconus/epidemiology/etiology/diagnosis MH - Female MH - Risk Factors MH - Male MH - *Machine Learning MH - Logistic Models MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Adult MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Random Forest MH - Boosting Machine Learning Algorithms MH - Predictive Learning Models MH - Classification Algorithms MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC13505905 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/08/25 17:35 MHDA- 2026/08/25 17:36 PMCR- 2026/08/25 CRDT- 2026/08/25 13:34 PHST- 2025/06/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/25 17:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/25 17:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/25 13:34 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-25-28249 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0354924 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 Aug 25;21(8):e0354924. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0354924. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42640180 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260901 LR - 20260903 IS - 1469-0705 (Electronic) IS - 0960-7692 (Print) IS - 0960-7692 (Linking) VI - 68 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Modified umbilical artery Doppler scoring system based on multisite assessment: association with perinatal outcome in early and late fetal growth restriction. PG - 341-350 LID - 10.1002/uog.70319 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: To evaluate a novel bilateral, segment-based umbilical artery (UA) Doppler scoring system in pregnancies complicated by early- or late-onset fetal growth restriction (FGR) and to investigate its association with adverse perinatal outcome. METHODS: This single-center prospective cohort study, conducted between May 2025 and December 2025, included singleton pregnancies diagnosed with FGR according to Delphi consensus criteria. Bilateral UA Doppler measurements were obtained from six predefined anatomical sites: the perivesical segment, the free-loop segment and the placental insertion site in each UA. End-diastolic flow at each site was categorized as present, absent or reversed and incorporated into a cumulative UA Doppler score (0-18 points). Composite adverse perinatal outcome (CAPO) was defined as the occurrence of at least one of the following: neonatal hypoglycemia, need for phototherapy, neonatal sepsis, respiratory distress syndrome, need for continuous positive airway pressure, need for mechanical ventilation, 5-min Apgar score < 7 or admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Participants were stratified by UA Doppler score (< 3 vs >/= 3 points). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between UA Doppler score as a continuous or dichotomized variable and CAPO, adjusting for maternal age, body mass index, parity, mode of conception, estimated fetal weight percentile and gestational age at delivery. In addition, the prevalence of individual markers of fetoplacental hemodynamic deterioration, including abnormal ductus venosus Doppler, cerebroplacental ratio < 5(th) percentile, intrauterine fetal demise, fetal distress leading to delivery and 5-min Apgar score < 7, was analyzed across UA Doppler score categories (0-2, 3-5, 6-8, 9-12 and > 12 points). RESULTS: A total of 251 pregnancies with FGR were included, of which 117 were early onset (< 32 weeks' gestation) and 134 were late onset (>/= 32 weeks' gestation). Higher UA Doppler scores (>/= 3 points) were associated significantly with preterm delivery and higher rates of NICU admission and CAPO in both early- and late-onset FGR. In early-onset FGR, higher scores were associated additionally with lower birth weight. The UA Doppler score remained associated independently with CAPO on multivariable logistic regression analysis. A significant linear trend was observed across increasing UA Doppler score categories for the rate of CAPO and individual markers of fetoplacental hemodynamic deterioration. CONCLUSIONS: In pregnancies complicated by early-onset or late-onset FGR, a higher UA Doppler score based on a multisite bilateral scoring system is associated independently with adverse perinatal outcome. These findings support the feasibility of a segment-based approach to UA Doppler assessment. Further studies are required to determine the clinical benefit and feasibility of adoption within current surveillance strategies. (c) 2026 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. CI - (c) 2026 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. FAU - Bulan, D D AU - Bulan DD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9983-2306 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Perinatology, Ankara Etlik City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Bayraktar, B AU - Bayraktar B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6233-4207 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Perinatology, Ankara Etlik City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Perinatology, Turgut Ozal University Malatya Training and Research Hospital, Malatya, Turkey. FAU - Dayanan, R AU - Dayanan R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8192-8841 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Perinatology, Ankara Etlik City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Ozkan, M A AU - Ozkan MA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2437-9719 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Perinatology, Ankara Etlik City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Tonyali, N V AU - Tonyali NV AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7284-6887 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Perinatology, Ankara Etlik City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Seyhanli, Z AU - Seyhanli Z AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3924-3723 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Perinatology, Ankara Etlik City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Yilmaz, Z V AU - Yilmaz ZV AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8719-1879 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Perinatology, Ankara Etlik City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260825 PL - England TA - Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol JT - Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology JID - 9108340 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Fetal Growth Retardation/diagnostic imaging MH - *Umbilical Arteries/diagnostic imaging MH - Pregnancy MH - Female MH - Prospective Studies MH - *Ultrasonography, Doppler/methods MH - *Ultrasonography, Prenatal/methods MH - Adult MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Pregnancy Outcome MH - Gestational Age PMC - PMC13532136 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Doppler scoring system OT - adverse perinatal outcome OT - fetal growth restriction OT - perinatal outcome OT - umbilical artery Doppler EDAT- 2026/08/25 11:38 MHDA- 2026/09/01 11:39 PMCR- 2026/09/01 CRDT- 2026/08/25 09:53 PHST- 2026/03/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/12/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/01 11:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/25 11:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/25 09:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - UOG70319 [pii] AID - 10.1002/uog.70319 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2026 Sep;68(3):341-350. doi: 10.1002/uog.70319. Epub 2026 Aug 25. PMID- 42639351 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260825 LR - 20260826 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Prediction of gait subtypes in children with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy using Edinburgh Visual Gait Score. PG - 1884116 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1884116 [doi] LID - 1884116 AB - OBJECTIVES: Early and accurate gait subtype classification in children with spastic bilateral cerebral palsy (CP) is essential for guiding rehabilitation. While three-dimensional gait analysis is limited by cost and accessibility, the Edinburgh Visual Gait Score (EVGS) provides a feasible observational tool. This study evaluates the discriminative value of EVGS-derived features using machine learning to support gait phenotype stratification. METHODS: This retrospective study included 40 children with spastic bilateral CP (80 lower limbs). EVGS item-level and subscale scores were extracted from standardized gait videos. Gait patterns were classified into four pathological subtypes by two blinded raters. A Random Forest (RF) classifier was evaluated using 5-fold stratified group cross-validation, with Multinomial Logistic Regression (MLR) serving as a benchmark. To address within-subject dependency, a sensitivity analysis involving random single-limb sampling was performed. Model performance was assessed using balanced accuracy, macro-averaged F1-score, area under the curve (AUC), and class-specific sensitivity, specificity, precision, recall, and F1-score. Feature importance was analyzed by permutation and Gini metrics. RESULTS: The RF model using item-level features outperformed MLR, achieving a mean balanced accuracy of 0.64 (SD = 0.03) and a macro-AUC of 0.74 (SD = 0.05). Item-level data consistently outperformed aggregated subscale scores. Sensitivity analysis using random single-limb sampling confirmed the robustness of these findings, yielding comparable performance estimates. For class-specific performance, the model achieved moderate discriminative ability for Type 1 (AUC = 0.76) and Type 3 (AUC = 0.69), limited performance for Type 2 (AUC = 0.55) due to feature overlap, and high discriminative ability for Type 4 (AUC = 0.89). Feature importance analysis identified hip peak flexion at swing (Item 13), knee position at terminal swing (Item 10), knee peak extension at stance (Item 9), trunk peak sagittal position (Item 16), and maximum ankle dorsiflexion at swing (Item 7) as key predictors. CONCLUSION: EVGS item-level features facilitate moderate yet robust gait subtype classification in spastic bilateral CP. The integration of EVGS with machine learning presents a promising adjunctive approach for preliminary assessment, particularly in resource-limited settings; however, external validation is requisite prior to clinical implementation. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Tong, Chen, Xu, Gao, Bai, Liu, Zhang, Yun and Huang. FAU - Tong, Nan AU - Tong N AD - Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China. FAU - Chen, Turong AU - Chen T AD - Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China. FAU - Xu, Long AU - Xu L AD - Department of Pediatric Rehabilitation, Xiangya Boai Rehabilitation Hospital, Changsha, China. FAU - Gao, Li AU - Gao L AD - Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China. FAU - Bai, Xue AU - Bai X AD - Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China. FAU - Liu, Guixiang AU - Liu G AD - Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China. FAU - Zhang, Dongxue AU - Zhang D AD - Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China. FAU - Yun, Guojun AU - Yun G AD - Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China. FAU - Huang, Meihuan AU - Huang M AD - Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China. AD - Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260810 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Cerebral Palsy/physiopathology/classification/complications MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Female MH - Male MH - Child MH - *Gait/physiology MH - Machine Learning MH - *Gait Analysis/methods MH - Random Forest MH - Child, Preschool MH - Classification Algorithms PMC - PMC13501382 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Edinburgh Visual Gait Score OT - Random Forest OT - gait classification OT - machine learning OT - observational gait analysis OT - pediatric rehabilitation OT - spastic bilateral cerebral palsy COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/25 11:38 MHDA- 2026/08/25 11:39 PMCR- 2026/08/10 CRDT- 2026/08/25 06:29 PHST- 2026/05/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/25 11:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/25 11:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/25 06:29 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1884116 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2026 Aug 10;14:1884116. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1884116. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42639006 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260825 LR - 20260826 IS - 1664-2392 (Print) IS - 1664-2392 (Electronic) IS - 1664-2392 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Pediatric hyperuricemia: genetic basis, metabolic mechanisms, and clinical implications. PG - 1841803 LID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1841803 [doi] LID - 1841803 AB - Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a heterogeneous group of metabolic disorders caused by long-term disturbances in purine metabolism. In recent years, although adult HUA and gout have been extensively studied, the understanding of HUA and gout in children and adolescents remains insufficient. Diagnostic criteria for adult HUA are well-established, but no consensus has yet been reached regarding its definition in children and adolescents. This review summarizes the current understanding of pediatric HUA, emphasizing its genetic basis, metabolic mechanisms, and clinical associations. ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2) dysfunction, gene-defined forms of autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease (ADTKD), particularly ADTKD-UMOD and ADTKD-REN, and selected purine metabolism disorders contribute to early-onset HUA, gout, nephrolithiasis, and renal involvement. Obesity-related insulin resistance (IR) may promote urate accumulation through pathways linked to oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and inflammasome activation. Persistent elevation of uric acid (UA) has been associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression, elevated blood pressure (BP), and subclinical cardiovascular remodeling. However, many of these mechanistic associations are supported primarily by adult and experimental studies and require further validation in children. We also review non-pharmacological management and indication-based pharmacological treatment strategies for pediatric HUA. These indications include asymptomatic hyperuricemia (AH), pediatric gout, UA nephrolithiasis, inherited purine metabolism disorders, CKD-associated HUA, and tumor lysis syndrome (TLS)-associated acute HUA, with emphasis on pediatric evidence, regulatory approval, off-label use, dosing, monitoring, and safety. In children, asymptomatic serum urate elevation is often the first recognized presentation, whereas nephrolithiasis, gout, renal dysfunction, or acute HUA should prompt evaluation for genetic, metabolic, renal, or treatment-related causes. These findings underscore the need for early identification and personalized intervention in children with HUA to prevent long-term renal and metabolic complications. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Zhou, Lv, Hong, Liu, Jin, Zhang and Liu. FAU - Zhou, Jing AU - Zhou J AD - Department of Endocrinology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China. AD - First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China. FAU - Lv, Jianing AU - Lv J AD - Department of Endocrinology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China. AD - First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China. FAU - Hong, Chunhuan AU - Hong C AD - Department of Endocrinology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China. AD - First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China. FAU - Liu, Qinhao AU - Liu Q AD - Department of Endocrinology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China. AD - First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China. FAU - Jin, Shuqing AU - Jin S AD - Department of Endocrinology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China. AD - First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China. FAU - Zhang, Yi AU - Zhang Y AD - Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China. AD - Medicinal Basic Research Innovation Center of Chronic Kidney Disease, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China. FAU - Liu, Yunfeng AU - Liu Y AD - Department of Endocrinology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China. AD - First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260810 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) JT - Frontiers in endocrinology JID - 101555782 RN - 268B43MJ25 (Uric Acid) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Hyperuricemia/genetics/metabolism MH - Child MH - Uric Acid/metabolism MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13501462 OTO - NOTNLM OT - children and adolescents OT - chronic kidney disease OT - obesity OT - pediatric hyperuricemia OT - urate-lowering therapy OT - uric acid COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/25 11:38 MHDA- 2026/08/25 11:39 PMCR- 2026/08/10 CRDT- 2026/08/25 05:56 PHST- 2026/03/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/25 11:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/25 11:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/25 05:56 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1841803 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2026 Aug 10;17:1841803. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2026.1841803. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42638524 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261006 IS - 1537-6591 (Electronic) IS - 1058-4838 (Linking) DP - 2026 Aug 25 TI - When Choosing Antiretroviral Therapy Meets Immigration Policy: An Ethical Analysis. LID - ciag442 [pii] LID - 10.1093/cid/ciag442 [doi] AB - Migration policies increasingly shape the conditions of care for migrants living with HIV. In France, access to residence permits on medical grounds intersects with clinical practice, raising important ethical challenges. We describe a 29-year-old woman from Guinea living in France with HIV and severe obesity, with an irregular migration status. Although virologically stable on oral antiretroviral therapy, she requests a switch to a long-acting injectable regimen, motivated by both anticipated administrative implications and the desire for greater discretion. Through this case, we examine how therapeutic reasoning in HIV care may be shaped by legal and social determinants. Using the principlism framework of Beauchamp and Childress, complemented by Tronto's ethics of care, we highlight tensions related to justice, beneficence, non-maleficence, and autonomy. Uncertainty surrounding administrative decision-making may lead patients and clinicians to perceive treatment choices as influencing legal outcomes. Differences between oral and injectable regimens raise issues of equity, feasibility, and social impact. Risks related to treatment interruption, particularly in contexts of legal instability, further complicate clinical reasoning. This case underscores the need to integrate legal and social determinants into therapeutic reasoning and supports the development of guidance from professional societies to assist clinicians facing these complex decisions. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site-for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com. FAU - Diarra, Ava AU - Diarra A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5468-0695 AD - Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, AP-HP, Hopitaux Universitaires Paris Seine-Saint-Denis, Hopital Avicenne and Hopital Jean Verdier, Bobigny, France. FAU - Vignier, Nicolas AU - Vignier N AD - Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, AP-HP, Hopitaux Universitaires Paris Seine-Saint-Denis, Hopital Avicenne and Hopital Jean Verdier, Bobigny, France. AD - Universite Sorbonne Paris Nord and Universite Paris Cite, Inserm, UFR SMBH, IAME, UMR 1137, Paris, France. FAU - Tantet, Claire AU - Tantet C AD - Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, AP-HP, Hopitaux Universitaires Paris Seine-Saint-Denis, Hopital Avicenne and Hopital Jean Verdier, Bobigny, France. FAU - Petit, Bettina AU - Petit B AD - Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, AP-HP, Hopitaux Universitaires Paris Seine-Saint-Denis, Hopital Avicenne and Hopital Jean Verdier, Bobigny, France. FAU - Delagreverie, Heloise AU - Delagreverie H AD - Department of Virology, AP-HP, Hopitaux Universitaires Paris Seine-Saint-Denis, Hopital Avicenne and Hopital Jean Verdier, Bobigny, France. FAU - Milleliri, Ornella AU - Milleliri O AD - Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, AP-HP, Hopitaux Universitaires Paris Seine-Saint-Denis, Hopital Avicenne and Hopital Jean Verdier, Bobigny, France. FAU - Bouchaud, Olivier AU - Bouchaud O AD - Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, AP-HP, Hopitaux Universitaires Paris Seine-Saint-Denis, Hopital Avicenne and Hopital Jean Verdier, Bobigny, France. AD - Universite Sorbonne Paris Nord and Universite Paris Cite, IRD, Inserm, CEPED, UMR 196, Bobigny, France. FAU - Goupil de Bouille, Jeanne AU - Goupil de Bouille J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3013-9850 AD - Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, AP-HP, Hopitaux Universitaires Paris Seine-Saint-Denis, Hopital Avicenne and Hopital Jean Verdier, Bobigny, France. AD - Laboratoire Educations et Promotion de la Sante,Universite Sorbonne Paris Nord, LEPS, Bobigny, France. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260825 PL - United States TA - Clin Infect Dis JT - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America JID - 9203213 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - HIV OT - anti retroviral therapy OT - migrant COIS- Potential conflicts of interest. A. D. received a grant from IDSA and payment honoraria from Shionogi. All other authors report no potential conflicts. All authors have submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Conflicts that the editors consider relevant to the content of the manuscript have been disclosed. EDAT- 2026/08/25 05:34 MHDA- 2026/08/25 05:34 CRDT- 2026/08/25 04:03 PHST- 2026/02/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/25 05:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/25 05:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/25 04:03 [entrez] AID - 8769915 [pii] AID - 10.1093/cid/ciag442 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Clin Infect Dis. 2026 Aug 25:ciag442. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciag442. PMID- 42637091 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260910 IS - 1095-8304 (Electronic) IS - 0195-6663 (Linking) VI - 228 DP - 2026 Sep 10 TI - Tactile exposure as a strategy for shaping food texture preferences in preschool children - a mixed-methods pilot study. PG - 108765 LID - S0195-6663(26)00327-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.appet.2026.108765 [doi] AB - Food texture, such as the presence of lumps or pieces, is a common reason for food rejection among children. Yet, few strategies exist to support children with narrow texture preferences. This pilot study explored whether tactile exposure to food stimuli could improve children's preferences for food containing particles. Twenty-four children aged 3-6 years with an initial low preference for particulate textures, screened using a validated forced-choice questionnaire, participated in three tactile activities over one week. These included (1) searching for hidden objects in muesli and yoghurt, (2) preparing a yoghurt-fruit mix by cutting and smashing fresh fruits, and (3) matching foods to texture vocabulary in a semantic task. Texture preferences were assessed immediately before and after the activity week using paired preference tests comparing smooth yoghurts with yoghurts containing fruit pieces, and at a one-week follow-up by repeating the questionnaire. Parents were also interviewed regarding their perceptions of the activities. Paired preference tests showed no significant change in children's preference for yoghurt with fruit pieces. However, children's self-reported preferences for foods containing particles increased significantly at follow-up (p = 0.032). Parents responded positively to the activities, and about half reported positive changes in their child's eating behaviours, such as being more explorative, increased acceptance of foods with particles and willingness to try new foods. Overall, these findings support the feasibility of texture-focused activities within this pilot sample and provide examples that could inform future interventions in home or childcare settings. Larger controlled studies are needed to determine their effectiveness. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Chow, Ching Yue AU - Chow CY AD - Section for Design and Consumer Behaviour, Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Arla Innovation Centre, Arla Foods AMBA, Denmark. Electronic address: chingyuechow@food.ku.dk. FAU - Bech, Anne C AU - Bech AC AD - Arla Innovation Centre, Arla Foods AMBA, Denmark. FAU - Zeinstra, Gertrude G AU - Zeinstra GG AD - Wageningen Social & Economic Research: Consumer Research Group, Wageningen University & Research, the Netherlands. FAU - Olsen, Annemarie AU - Olsen A AD - Section for Design and Consumer Behaviour, Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Bredie, Wender L P AU - Bredie WLP AD - Section for Design and Consumer Behaviour, Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260910 PL - England TA - Appetite JT - Appetite JID - 8006808 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Children OT - Food neophobia OT - Food texture OT - Preference OT - Tactile exposure COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests:Ching Yue Chow reports financial support was provided by Arla Foods amba. Anne C. Bech reports a relationship with Arla Foods amba that includes: employment. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/08/24 23:34 MHDA- 2026/08/24 23:34 CRDT- 2026/08/24 19:14 PHST- 2026/05/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/24 23:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/24 23:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/24 19:14 [entrez] AID - S0195-6663(26)00327-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.appet.2026.108765 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Appetite. 2026 Sep 10;228:108765. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2026.108765. PMID- 42636716 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260824 IS - 1557-8615 (Electronic) IS - 0883-9441 (Linking) VI - 97 DP - 2026 Aug 24 TI - Tandem ECMO/CRRT medical nutrition therapy clinical practice points: A literature review and Delphi consensus on clinical practice. PG - 155711 LID - S0883-9441(26)00289-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jcrc.2026.155711 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Patients who undergo tandem extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) have a high risk of metabolic disturbances, malnutrition, and fluid imbalances. ECMO/CRRT tandem therapy is becoming more prevalent in use; however, there are limited evidence-based guidelines for optimizing nutritional management. In this review, we examine the current literature on nutritional strategies for tandem ECMO and CRRT patients and provisional, consensus-informed clinical practice points to support individualized nutritional interventions. METHODS: We present a literature review with provisional, consensus-informed clinical practice points using a modified Delphi process. A literature search was conducted in PubMed and included studies discussing ECMO, CRRT, or tandem nutritional support in all age groups. Data extraction was standardized, and risk bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Statements were considered clinically relevant practice points if more than 70% of respondents assigned them a rating of 3 or higher on a 5-point Likert scale. Statements identified as needing additional evidence were categorized as recommendations for future research. RESULTS: The review identified key areas critical for nutritional management in ECMO/CRRT patients: (1) early malnutrition assessment within 48 h of ICU admission, (2) individualized energy and protein requirement estimations accounting for device-specific challenges, (3) aggressive fluid and electrolyte monitoring, (4) preference for early enteral nutrition with parenteral nutrition as a safe alternative when needed, (5) early timing of nutrition initiation, (6) heightened protein targets (2-2.5 g/kg/day for adults; 3-3.5 g/kg/day for pediatrics), (7) careful carbohydrate and lipid administration to avoid metabolic complications, and (8) proactive replacement of vitamins and trace elements lost through CRRT. These recommendations are summarized in clinical practice points for bedside implementation. CONCLUSIONS: This review presents a structured set of provisional, expert consensus-informed clinical practice points for the nutritional management of patients undergoing tandem ECMO/CRRT therapy. While numerous studies address nutrition in the context of either ECMO or CRRT, none were found to specifically examine nutritional strategies in patients receiving both therapies simultaneously. This gap significantly limits the direct applicability of existing evidence to patients on ECMO and CRRT. Nevertheless, the review highlights the critical role of optimized nutritional interventions in improving outcomes, including survival and complication rates, in these critically ill patients. The findings underscore the urgent need for targeted research to validate these preliminary recommendations and to establish evidence-based nutritional goals for this complex and vulnerable population. REGISTRATION: PROSPERO ID: CRD420250651962. CI - Copyright (c) 2026. Published by Elsevier Inc. FAU - Sathik, Nafees AU - Sathik N AD - College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA. Electronic address: nsathik@neomed.edu. FAU - Ghose, Shaarav AU - Ghose S AD - College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA. FAU - Lussier, Natalie AU - Lussier N AD - Akron Children's Hospital, Akron, OH, USA. FAU - Vitale, Victoria AU - Vitale V AD - Akron Children's Hospital, Akron, OH, USA. FAU - Keller, Gerri AU - Keller G AD - Akron Children's Hospital, Akron, OH, USA. FAU - Lussier, Jack AU - Lussier J AD - Akron Children's Hospital, Akron, OH, USA. FAU - Ghazoul, Adam AU - Ghazoul A AD - College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA. FAU - Bunchman, Timothy AU - Bunchman T AD - Pediatric Nephrology, Transplantation, Children's Hospital of Richmond, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. FAU - Kakajiwala, Aadil AU - Kakajiwala A AD - Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Raimer, Patricia AU - Raimer P AD - Akron Children's Hospital, Division of Critical Care, Akron, OH, USA. FAU - Raina, Rupesh AU - Raina R AD - College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA; Department of Nephrology, Akron Nephrology Associates at Cleveland Clinic Akron General Medical Center, Akron, OH, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260824 PL - United States TA - J Crit Care JT - Journal of critical care JID - 8610642 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - CRRT OT - Critical care nutrition OT - ECMO OT - Nutritional management OT - Tandem therapy COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/08/24 23:34 MHDA- 2026/08/24 23:34 CRDT- 2026/08/24 18:08 PHST- 2025/11/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/24 23:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/24 23:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/24 18:08 [entrez] AID - S0883-9441(26)00289-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jcrc.2026.155711 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - J Crit Care. 2026 Aug 24;97:155711. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2026.155711. PMID- 42635550 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260824 LR - 20260827 IS - 2047-3095 (Electronic) IS - 2047-3087 (Print) IS - 2047-3087 (Linking) VI - 37 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Apr TI - Clinical validation of the nursing diagnosis of inadequate nutritional intake in children with cancer. PG - 274-282 LID - 10.1177/20473087261450939 [doi] AB - PurposeTo clinically validate the nursing diagnosis "Inadequate Nutritional Intake" based on elements identified within a specific situation theory framework in the context of children with cancer.MethodThis is a diagnostic accuracy study following the Standards for Reporting Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (STARD) protocol. Specifically, it refers to the clinical validation phase of the nursing diagnosis Inadequate nutritional intake, using a cross-sectional design. The study was conducted in a tertiary pediatric hospital with a sample of 69 children diagnosed with cancer.FindingsA total of 11 clinical indicators demonstrated diagnostic accuracy above 50%, including: ascites, low weight-for-age 77% sensitivity, 97% specificity, and 88% precision, outperforming the static method. This explainable data-driven framework improves data quality, transparency, and reproducibility, supporting scalable epidemiologic analyses using AI-ready dietary data. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. FAU - Massara, Paraskevi AU - Massara P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0906-0985 AD - Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. AD - Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada. FAU - Saab, Stephanie AU - Saab S AD - Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. FAU - Asrar, Arooj AU - Asrar A AD - Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. FAU - Omand, Jessica AU - Omand J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2095-3629 AD - School of Nutrition, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada. FAU - Anderson, Laura N AU - Anderson LN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6106-5073 AD - Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada. FAU - Keown-Stoneman, Charles AU - Keown-Stoneman C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8790-1589 AD - Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada. AD - Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. FAU - Maguire, Jonathon L AU - Maguire JL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4083-8612 AD - Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. AD - Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. AD - Department of Pediatrics, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada. AD - Joannah and Brian Lawson Center for Child Nutrition, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. FAU - Bandsma, Robert H J AU - Bandsma RHJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6358-4750 AD - Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. AD - Translational Medicine Program, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada. FAU - Birken, Catherine S AU - Birken CS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0308-8645 AD - Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. AD - Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada. AD - Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. AD - Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. AD - Department of Pediatrics, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada. AD - Joannah and Brian Lawson Center for Child Nutrition, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. FAU - Comelli, Elena M AU - Comelli EM AD - Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. AD - Joannah and Brian Lawson Center for Child Nutrition, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260824 PL - United States TA - Am J Epidemiol JT - American journal of epidemiology JID - 7910653 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - 24-hour dietary recall OT - AI-ready diet data OT - child and adult nutrition OT - data-driven outlier detection OT - longitudinal diet data EDAT- 2026/08/24 11:37 MHDA- 2026/08/24 11:37 CRDT- 2026/08/24 06:33 PHST- 2026/04/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/24 11:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/24 11:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/24 06:33 [entrez] AID - 8769274 [pii] AID - 10.1093/aje/kwag204 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Am J Epidemiol. 2026 Aug 24:kwag204. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwag204. PMID- 42634399 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261015 LR - 20261015 IS - 1440-1754 (Electronic) IS - 1034-4810 (Linking) VI - 62 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Early Mortality Risk Assessment in Preterm Neonates Using the Prognostic Nutritional Index. PG - 1995-2002 LID - 10.1111/jpc.70554 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Preterm neonates are at high risk of morbidity and mortality due to physiological immaturity and susceptibility to complications. The prognostic nutritional index (PNI), calculated from serum albumin and lymphocyte counts, is an inflammation-based biomarker widely used to predict prognosis in adult diseases. However, its role in neonatology remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between PNI and early mortality in preterm infants. METHODS: Preterm infants born at < 32 weeks of gestation and admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit were retrospectively analysed. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data were obtained from medical records. Infants who died within the first 7 days of life were defined as the mortality group and compared with survivors. PNI was calculated using lymphocyte and albumin levels measured within the first 24 h of life. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to evaluate the predictive performance of PNI for early mortality, and multi-variable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent predictors. RESULTS: A total of 142 infants were included, of whom 17 (12%) died within the first 7 days. Gestational age, birth weight and Apgar scores were significantly lower in the mortality group, whereas maternal smoking was more frequent. PNI values were significantly lower in infants who died (p < 0.05). ROC analysis demonstrated an AUC of 0.703 for PNI in predicting early mortality with a cut-off value of 40 (sensitivity 77%, specificity 64%). Multi-variable logistic regression analysis identified low PNI (< 40) and gestational age as independent predictors of early mortality. CONCLUSION: PNI may serve as an adjunctive biomarker to complement established clinical predictors of early neonatal mortality in preterm infants. CI - (c) 2026 Paediatrics and Child Health Division (The Royal Australasian College of Physicians). FAU - Butun Turk, Seyma AU - Butun Turk S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6304-4073 AD - Department of Neonatology, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkiye. FAU - Akin, Mustafa Senol AU - Akin MS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0055-8277 AD - Department of Neonatology, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkiye. FAU - Sari, Fatma Nur AU - Sari FN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4643-7622 AD - Department of Neonatology, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkiye. FAU - Alyamac Dizdar, Evrim AU - Alyamac Dizdar E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8956-0917 AD - Department of Neonatology, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260823 PL - Australia TA - J Paediatr Child Health JT - Journal of paediatrics and child health JID - 9005421 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Serum Albumin) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Female MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Infant, Premature MH - *Nutrition Assessment MH - Male MH - Risk Assessment/methods MH - Prognosis MH - *Infant Mortality MH - ROC Curve MH - Intensive Care Units, Neonatal MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - Gestational Age MH - Serum Albumin/analysis MH - Predictive Value of Tests OTO - NOTNLM OT - early mortality OT - inflammation OT - neonatal OT - preterm infants OT - prognostic nutritional index EDAT- 2026/08/24 06:59 MHDA- 2026/08/24 05:34 CRDT- 2026/08/24 02:23 PHST- 2026/08/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/24 06:59 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/24 05:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/24 02:23 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/jpc.70554 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Paediatr Child Health. 2026 Oct;62(10):1995-2002. doi: 10.1111/jpc.70554. Epub 2026 Aug 23. PMID- 42632822 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260822 IS - 1530-0447 (Electronic) IS - 0031-3998 (Linking) DP - 2026 Aug 22 TI - Association between triglyceride-glucose index and elevated blood pressure among U.S. adolescents aged 12-17. LID - 10.1038/s41390-026-05407-4 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a known cardiovascular risk factor in adults, but its association with elevated blood pressure (EBP) in adolescents remains unclear. We hypothesized that the TyG index is associated with EBP among U.S. adolescents aged 12-17 years. METHODS: This cross-sectional analysis included 4409 adolescents from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2018. We used weighted multivariate logistic regression, weighted subgroup analysis, threshold effect and smoothing curve fitting to examine the association between the TyG index and EBP. RESULTS: Among the participants, 661 (14.9%) had EBP. After full adjustment, each unit rise in TyG index significantly boosted EBP odds (OR = 4.45, 95% CI 1.34-14.78, P = 0.02). A nonlinear relationship was observed, with an exploratory inflection point of the TyG index at 7.98. In BMI-stratified analyses, the association remained significant only among adolescents with BMI < 25 kg/m(2) (OR 3.09; 95%CI: 1.55-6.18; P < 0.01). Subgroup analyses revealed no significant interactions (all P for interaction >0.05). CONCLUSIONS: TyG index was cross-sectionally associated with EBP in U.S. 12-17-year-olds, with an exploratory inflection point. This suggests a potential low-cost indicator for risk stratification of adolescents with higher odds of EBP, pending verification in longitudinal studies. IMPACT: The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is cross-sectionally associated with elevated blood pressure (EBP) in U.S. 12-17-year-old adolescents, with an exploratory inflection point of 7.98. This study explores a TyG index exploratory inflection point for adolescent EBP risk in a nationally representative sample. TyG index, a routine and low-cost biomarker, presents potential utility for early risk stratification of adolescent EBP, although further prospective validation is required. The non-linear TyG index-EBP association highlights the potential need for age-specific metabolic risk stratification in adolescents. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to the International Pediatric Research Foundation, Inc. FAU - Tang, Jiazhong AU - Tang J AD - Department of Pediatric Cardiac Center, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Shi, Yuexin AU - Shi Y AD - Department of Jinglang International Medical Center, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Jiao, Xianting AU - Jiao X AD - Department of Pediatric Infectious, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Yang, Ling AU - Yang L AD - Department of Pediatric Cardiac Center, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Huang, Jihong AU - Huang J AD - Department of Pediatric Cardiac Center, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Wang, Huiying AU - Wang H AD - Department of Pediatric Cardiac Center, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. 18221403205@163.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260822 PL - United States TA - Pediatr Res JT - Pediatric research JID - 0100714 SB - IM COIS- Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Consent statement: NHANES was conducted with approval by the National Center for Health Statistics Ethics Review Board and obtained informed written consent from all the individuals involved in the study. EDAT- 2026/08/23 05:41 MHDA- 2026/08/23 05:41 CRDT- 2026/08/22 23:18 PHST- 2026/02/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/23 05:41 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/23 05:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/22 23:18 [entrez] AID - 10.1038/s41390-026-05407-4 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41390-026-05407-4 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Pediatr Res. 2026 Aug 22. doi: 10.1038/s41390-026-05407-4. PMID- 42631893 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260930 LR - 20261008 IS - 0973-7693 (Electronic) IS - 0019-5456 (Linking) VI - 93 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Clinical Predictors of High-Flow Nasal Cannula Failure in Children with Acute Respiratory Illness: A Single-Center Experience. PG - 1099-1101 LID - 10.1007/s12098-026-06415-2 [doi] AB - High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy is increasingly used for managing pediatric respiratory distress; however, early identification of children at risk of treatment failure remains challenging. This retrospective observational study evaluated clinical predictors of HFNC failure among children aged 1 mo to 12 y admitted with moderate-to-severe respiratory illness at a tertiary care center between April and June 2025. Fifty children received HFNC therapy, of whom 44 (88%) had successful outcomes, while six (12%) required invasive mechanical ventilation, among these two died. HFNC failure was significantly associated with a Respiratory Severity Score (RSS) >/=10, admission oxygen saturation (SpO(2)) <85%, congenital heart disease, severe acute malnutrition, and anemia. The combination of RSS >/=10 and SpO(2) <85% demonstrated the highest predictive accuracy for HFNC failure. Owing to the limited number of failure events, only univariate analyses were performed. Early bedside assessment using RSS and SpO(2) may facilitate timely escalation of respiratory support and improve clinical decision-making in resource-limited pediatric settings. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Dr. K C Chaudhuri Foundation. FAU - Shashank, J AU - Shashank J AD - Department of Pediatrics, Karnataka Medical College and Research Institute, Hubballi, 580021, India. FAU - Ratageri, Vinod H AU - Ratageri VH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7772-2413 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Karnataka Medical College and Research Institute, Hubballi, 580021, India. ratageri@rediffmail.com. FAU - Pawar, Rajeshwari AU - Pawar R AD - Department of Pediatrics, Karnataka Medical College and Research Institute, Hubballi, 580021, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260822 PL - India TA - Indian J Pediatr JT - Indian journal of pediatrics JID - 0417442 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Oxygen Inhalation Therapy/methods/instrumentation MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Cannula MH - Treatment Failure MH - Infant MH - Child MH - Severity of Illness Index MH - *Respiratory Insufficiency/therapy MH - Acute Disease MH - Oxygen Saturation OTO - NOTNLM OT - High-flow nasal cannula OT - Pediatrics OT - Respiratory distress OT - Respiratory severity score OT - SpO2 OT - Treatment failure COIS- Declarations. Conflict of Interest: None. EDAT- 2026/08/22 22:41 MHDA- 2026/10/01 05:30 CRDT- 2026/08/22 11:16 PHST- 2026/01/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/01 05:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/22 22:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/22 11:16 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s12098-026-06415-2 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s12098-026-06415-2 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Indian J Pediatr. 2026 Oct;93(10):1099-1101. doi: 10.1007/s12098-026-06415-2. Epub 2026 Aug 22. PMID- 42628000 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260821 LR - 20260914 IS - 1929-0748 (Electronic) IS - 1929-0748 (Linking) VI - 15 DP - 2026 Aug 21 TI - Mental Health, Gender Dysphoria, and Quality of Life in Trans Individuals Following Top Surgery: Protocol for a Prospective Cohort Study. PG - e83928 LID - 10.2196/83928 [doi] LID - e83928 AB - BACKGROUND: Top surgery refers to various gender-affirming surgical procedures involving breast or chest tissue. Existing research suggests top surgery improves physical, psychological, and social well-being in transgender and gender-diverse individuals (herein "trans") who desire it. However, most studies have been retrospective, have not used validated outcome measures, and have excluded nonbinary individuals, limiting the robustness of the existing research. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to examine changes in mental health, gender dysphoria, risky behaviors, and quality of life of trans people (including nonbinary individuals) following top surgery. METHODS: Trans individuals aged 16 years and older undergoing top surgery will be recruited from a single surgeon's office in Perth, Western Australia, as part of a longitudinal, prospective cohort study. Questionnaires will be administered to participants at 3 time points: within 8 weeks prior to surgery, 6-8 weeks post surgery, and 1 year post surgery. These questionnaires will collect data on patient demographics, planning and expectations for surgery, support received during surgery access, satisfaction with care received from their surgeon, use of gender-affirming hormones, mental health (ie, anxiety, depression, self-harm and suicide, and mental health diagnoses), gender euphoria and dysphoria, exercise and diet, disordered eating, quality of life, substance use, social acceptance and discrimination, and reflections on the experience and outcomes of their surgery. Patient-reported outcomes will be measured using validated instruments and bespoke items developed through community consultation. Validated instruments include the GENDER-Q (health professional subscale); the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item; the Patient Health Questionnaire-9; the Gender Euphoria Scale; an adapted version of the Olson-Kennedy Chest Dysphoria Scale; the International Physical Activity Questionnaire - Short Form; the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire - Short; the Assessment of Quality of Life 8 Dimensions; and the Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test - Short Form. Surgical satisfaction will be assessed using both patient- and surgeon-reported measures, enabling between-group comparisons. Quantitative data will be analyzed using linear regression models and repeated-measures ANOVA to compare outcomes across the 3 time points; qualitative data will undergo a general inductive approach to analysis to produce categories that contextualize and supplement the quantitative findings, as well as identify any novel or unexpected experiences. RESULTS: This study received funding in February 2024. Data collection commenced in May 2025 and is expected to be completed by December 2027. As of February 2026, 26 people have consented to participate. CONCLUSIONS: This study will extend research on the mental health, gender dysphoria, and quality-of-life outcomes of top surgery for trans individuals in Australia. By addressing limitations of existing research, this study aims to improve our understanding of trans people's experience accessing and receiving top surgery. The findings may guide improvements in perioperative and postoperative care and support for patients and inform policy related to gender-affirming surgeries in Australia. CI - (c) Julia Bak, Kah Aik Tan, Jack Ball, Sam Bonney, Julia K Moore, Kirsty Hird, Blake S Cavve, Larissa Marion, Tim Hewitt, Sav Zwickl, Simone Mahfouda, Ashleigh Lin, Penelope Strauss. Originally published in JMIR Research Protocols (https://www.researchprotocols.org). FAU - Bak, Julia AU - Bak J AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-6822-534X AD - Youth Mental Health, The Kids Research Institute Australia, 15 Hospital Ave, Nedlands WA 6009, Perth, Australia, 61 63191000. FAU - Tan, Kah Aik AU - Tan KA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3053-7154 AD - South Metropolitan Health Service - Mental Health, Fiona Stanley Hospitals Group, Perth, Australia. AD - East Metropolitan Health Service - Mental Health, Royal Perth Bentley Hospitals Group, Perth, Australia. FAU - Ball, Jack AU - Ball J AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-4726-3723 AD - Youth Mental Health, The Kids Research Institute Australia, 15 Hospital Ave, Nedlands WA 6009, Perth, Australia, 61 63191000. FAU - Bonney, Sam AU - Bonney S AD - Youth Mental Health, The Kids Research Institute Australia, 15 Hospital Ave, Nedlands WA 6009, Perth, Australia, 61 63191000. FAU - Moore, Julia K AU - Moore JK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2313-7048 AD - The Gender Diversity Service, Child and Adolescent Health Service - Mental Health, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, Australia. FAU - Hird, Kirsty AU - Hird K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7677-2128 AD - The Kids Research Institute Australia, 15 Hospital Ave, Nedlands WA 6009, Perth, Australia. FAU - Cavve, Blake S AU - Cavve BS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3548-6181 AD - Youth Mental Health, The Kids Research Institute Australia, 15 Hospital Ave, Nedlands WA 6009, Perth, Australia, 61 63191000. FAU - Marion, Larissa AU - Marion L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8244-6588 AD - School of Psychological Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia. FAU - Hewitt, Tim AU - Hewitt T AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-0989-9470 AD - Fellow of the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons, Perth, Australia. AD - Child and Adolescent Health Service, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, Australia. FAU - Zwickl, Sav AU - Zwickl S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2959-5928 AD - Youth Mental Health, The Kids Research Institute Australia, 15 Hospital Ave, Nedlands WA 6009, Perth, Australia, 61 63191000. AD - Department of Medicine (Austin Health), Trans Health Research Group, The University of Melbourne, Perth, Australia. FAU - Mahfouda, Simone AU - Mahfouda S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1501-3926 AD - Department of Clinical Psychology, Acute Adult Inpatient Services, Graylands Hospital, Perth, Australia. FAU - Lin, Ashleigh AU - Lin A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4054-0242 AD - School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia. AD - Australian Research Centre in Sex, Health and Society, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia. FAU - Strauss, Penelope AU - Strauss P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4828-0983 AD - Youth Mental Health, The Kids Research Institute Australia, 15 Hospital Ave, Nedlands WA 6009, Perth, Australia, 61 63191000. AD - School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20260821 PL - Canada TA - JMIR Res Protoc JT - JMIR research protocols JID - 101599504 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Quality of Life/psychology MH - Female MH - *Gender Dysphoria/psychology MH - Prospective Studies MH - *Transgender Persons/psychology MH - *Mental Health MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Adult MH - *Gender-Affirming Surgery/psychology MH - Adolescent MH - Western Australia MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Gender-Nonconforming Persons PMC - PMC13496940 OTO - NOTNLM OT - chest reconstruction OT - gender affirmation OT - gender dysphoria OT - top surgery OT - transgender COIS- Conflicts of Interest: TH is a surgeon who performs top surgery in Western Australia and is a recruitment site for this study. TH contributed to the study design primarily through co-developing the surgical pro formas and informing on the ideal timing of questionnaire delivery for participants. TH will be aware of the identity of participants as he will complete the surgical pro formas for participants. However, TH will not have access to the raw data collected through the participant questionnaires, to preserve participant privacy and ensure that participants feel free to answer the questionnaires freely. EDAT- 2026/08/21 17:37 MHDA- 2026/08/21 17:38 PMCR- 2026/08/21 CRDT- 2026/08/21 15:53 PHST- 2025/09/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/21 17:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/21 17:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/21 15:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v15i1e83928 [pii] AID - 83928 [pii] AID - 10.2196/83928 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JMIR Res Protoc. 2026 Aug 21;15:e83928. doi: 10.2196/83928. PMID- 42627948 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260821 LR - 20260823 IS - 1438-8871 (Electronic) IS - 1439-4456 (Print) IS - 1438-8871 (Linking) VI - 28 DP - 2026 Aug 21 TI - Co-Designing a Clinician-Centered Video Gait Assessment System for Cerebral Palsy Based on the Framework for Co-Design of Clinical Practice Tools: Iterative Development and Formative Evaluation Study. PG - e92823 LID - 10.2196/92823 [doi] LID - e92823 AB - BACKGROUND: Clinical gait assessment is essential for monitoring functional progress in children with cerebral palsy (CP); however, traditional visual observation remains inherently subjective and labor-intensive. Although AI-supported video gait assessment may provide more objective and automated outputs, many tools remain difficult to integrate into routine clinical workflows. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to iteratively develop and evaluate a clinician-centered, automated gait analysis system for children with CP by using a structured co-design process, ensuring the tool effectively supports clinical decision-making and integrates into routine practice. METHODS: This study adopted the Framework for Co-design of Clinical Practice Tools (FRESCO) to guide a 5-step iterative development process. A multidisciplinary advisory group, comprising rehabilitation physicians, therapists, biomechanics experts, and human factors engineers, collaborated throughout the study. The process involved the following: (1) identifying baseline clinical needs and initial system requirements through advisory group input and review of existing gait-analysis systems; (2) developing an initial system prototype based on these requirements; (3) conducting think-aloud evaluations and System Usability Scale (SUS) assessments with 19 rehabilitation professionals to identify usability barriers, additional user requirements, and prototype refinement needs; (4) testing workflow integration and safety in clinical simulations with 12 rehabilitation professionals; and (5) finalizing prototype specifications, workflow procedures, and implementation guidelines through a consensus workshop. RESULTS: By targeting workflow alignment, interpretability, and the delivery of useful system outputs, the iterative co-design process supported progressive prototype refinement. The baseline needs-identification phase generated initial system requirements across system content, workflow integration, and clinical usability support, which informed the first prototype. The think-aloud phase demonstrated good perceived usability (SUS score: mean 75.8, SD 7.5) and identified additional refinement needs related to functional expansion, report interpretability, and workflow compatibility. In the clinical simulation phase, the prototype was perceived as stable and safe for use in routine clinical settings, with no safety incidents observed, while also revealing implementation needs related to video capture and output interpretation. This work culminated in 2 key outputs: a refined prototype ready for large-scale clinical testing and a comprehensive implementation guideline. Conceptually, the study articulated two data-informed design principles: (1) supporting workflow-compatible implementation by minimizing technical and operational barriers, and (2) prioritizing clinical autonomy and actionability. CONCLUSIONS: FRESCO provided a structured approach for narrowing the gap between technical feasibility and clinical utility in the development of a clinician-centered video gait assessment system. By iteratively involving a multidisciplinary team, we transformed a video-based analysis tool into a stable, interpretable, and workflow-compatible decision-support prototype. Broadly, the identified design principles may provide practical reference points for developing clinician-centered digital health tools intended to support clinical decision-making in routine practice. CI - (c) Xi Gao, Xingye Cheng, Jiming Sun, Wenqi Liang, Stacey Reading, Yanxin Zhang. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (https://www.jmir.org). FAU - Gao, Xi AU - Gao X AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-8939-4234 AD - School of Exercise, Sport and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Bldg 907, 368 Khyber Pass, Auckland, 1023, New Zealand, 64 9 3737599 ext 86859. FAU - Cheng, Xingye AU - Cheng X AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-5246-6174 AD - School of Exercise, Sport and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Bldg 907, 368 Khyber Pass, Auckland, 1023, New Zealand, 64 9 3737599 ext 86859. FAU - Sun, Jiming AU - Sun J AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-5095-394X AD - Qingdao Eber Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China. FAU - Liang, Wenqi AU - Liang W AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6814-9958 AD - School of Exercise, Sport and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Bldg 907, 368 Khyber Pass, Auckland, 1023, New Zealand, 64 9 3737599 ext 86859. FAU - Reading, Stacey AU - Reading S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8852-4607 AD - School of Exercise, Sport and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Bldg 907, 368 Khyber Pass, Auckland, 1023, New Zealand, 64 9 3737599 ext 86859. FAU - Zhang, Yanxin AU - Zhang Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7638-1669 AD - School of Exercise, Sport and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Bldg 907, 368 Khyber Pass, Auckland, 1023, New Zealand, 64 9 3737599 ext 86859. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260821 PL - Canada TA - J Med Internet Res JT - Journal of medical Internet research JID - 100959882 SB - IM MH - *Cerebral Palsy/physiopathology MH - Humans MH - *Gait MH - *Video Recording MH - *Gait Analysis/methods MH - Child PMC - PMC13496319 OTO - NOTNLM OT - cerebral palsy OT - co-design OT - decision-support system OT - gait analysis OT - human factors OT - rehabilitation COIS- Conflicts of Interest: XG and XC were involved in the development of the gait analysis system evaluated in this study. The remaining authors declare no other financial or nonfinancial competing interests. EDAT- 2026/08/21 17:37 MHDA- 2026/08/21 17:38 PMCR- 2026/08/21 CRDT- 2026/08/21 14:13 PHST- 2026/02/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/21 17:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/21 17:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/21 14:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v28i1e92823 [pii] AID - 92823 [pii] AID - 10.2196/92823 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Med Internet Res. 2026 Aug 21;28:e92823. doi: 10.2196/92823. PMID- 42627606 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260821 IS - 1720-8386 (Electronic) IS - 0391-4097 (Linking) DP - 2026 Aug 21 TI - Interpreting the GnRH stimulation test in girls with central precocious puberty: the role of age and body mass index. LID - 10.1007/s40618-026-03027-7 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: The gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulation test is the reference standard for diagnosing central precocious puberty (CPP), yet its reliability may vary with age and body mass index (BMI). This study evaluated the diagnostic performance of GnRH test parameters in girls with suspected CPP and examined the influence of age and BMI on their clinical interpretation. METHODS: This retrospective study included 98 girls who underwent GnRH stimulation testing between January 2023 and December 2025 at a tertiary pediatric endocrinology center. Auxological data, basal luteinizing hormone (LH), stimulated LH at 40 min (LH(4)(0)), stimulated LH/FSH ratio (sLH/FSH), bone age advancement (BAA), and pelvic ultrasonographic measurements were recorded. Final CPP diagnosis based on longitudinal follow-up served as the reference outcome. ROC analyses, age- and BMI-stratified evaluations, and multivariable logistic regression were performed. RESULTS: Thirty-six girls (36.7%) were diagnosed with CPP, and all initiated GnRHanalogue treatment. LH(4)(0) showed the highest diagnostic performance (AUC = 0.738); a cut-off of 4.65 IU/L yielded 91.2% sensitivity and 61.7% specificity. Basal LH had limited accuracy (AUC = 0.668), and ultrasonographic parameters showed poor discrimination. LH(4)(0) and BAA were independently associated with CPP. Diagnostic performance varied by age, with excellent discrimination in girls < 6 years (AUC = 1.000) and moderate accuracy at 6-8 years (AUC = 0.738). Increasing BMI was associated with reduced discriminatory capacity of LH(4)(0), while uterine length showed relatively higher performance in girls with obesity. CONCLUSION: The diagnostic performance of the GnRH stimulation test varied with age and BMI and was lower in older girls and those with obesity. LH(4)(0) was the most informative hormonal parameter, but should not be interpreted in isolation. Test results should be integrated with clinical progression, auxological findings, skeletal maturation, biochemical data, and imaging when clinically indicated. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Italian Society of Endocrinology (SIE). FAU - Hurmuzlu Kozler, Selen AU - Hurmuzlu Kozler S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6533-2944 AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Kocaeli City Hospital, Kocaeli, Turkey. selenhurmuzlu@gmail.com. FAU - Kilci, Fatih AU - Kilci F AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Kocaeli City Hospital, Kocaeli, Turkey. FAU - Sarikaya, Emre AU - Sarikaya E AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Kocaeli City Hospital, Kocaeli, Turkey. FAU - Ozcan Murat, Nurhan AU - Ozcan Murat N AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Kocaeli City Hospital, Kocaeli, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260821 PL - Italy TA - J Endocrinol Invest JT - Journal of endocrinological investigation JID - 7806594 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Body mass index OT - Central precocious puberty OT - Diagnostic performance OT - GnRH stimulation test OT - Luteinizing hormone OT - Pelvic ultrasonography COIS- Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose. Ethical approval: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of Kocaeli City Hospital (No:2026/27). Informed consent: was waived due to the use of anonymized retrospective data. EDAT- 2026/08/21 17:37 MHDA- 2026/08/21 17:37 CRDT- 2026/08/21 11:18 PHST- 2026/06/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/21 17:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/21 17:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/21 11:18 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s40618-026-03027-7 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s40618-026-03027-7 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - J Endocrinol Invest. 2026 Aug 21. doi: 10.1007/s40618-026-03027-7. PMID- 42626294 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260821 LR - 20260926 IS - 1664-2392 (Print) IS - 1664-2392 (Electronic) IS - 1664-2392 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Hunger, satiety, and eating behavior after craniopharyngioma - narrative review on current management and future therapeutic perspectives. PG - 1895026 LID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1895026 [doi] LID - 1895026 AB - Craniopharyngiomas are low-grade, intracranial tumors frequently associated with dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary axes and the development of obesity. This narrative review aimed to evaluate the potential contribution of eating behaviors, while also identifying perspectives for future therapeutic intervention. Searches were performed across five bibliographic databases. All peer-reviewed published studies involving childhood-onset or adult-onset craniopharyngioma populations were considered eligible when they examined eating behavior in relation to pharmacological or surgical interventions, neuroimaging, endocrine responses, energy expenditure, sleep, and/or neuropsychological outcomes. The available evidence regarding eating behavior in individuals with craniopharyngioma was limited, with only 10 of the 82 included studies employing validated measures of eating behavior. Eating behavior was assessed as a primary outcome in seven studies, as a secondary outcome in twelve studies, and discussed without formal measurement in thirty-one studies. Only one randomized controlled trial with the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) agonist setmelanotide was identified that successfully targeted eating behavior (hyperphagia) modification and achieved significant weight loss as an intervention for craniopharyngioma-related obesity. Greater insight into eating behavior in this population, supported by long-term studies using validated assessment tools, is required to clarify the mechanisms underlying craniopharyngioma-associated obesity and confirm effectiveness and tolerability of medical treatment with MC4R-agonists. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Muller. FAU - Muller, Hermann L AU - Muller HL AD - Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Carl von Ossietzky Universitat, Klinikum Oldenburg AoR, Oldenburg, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260806 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) JT - Frontiers in endocrinology JID - 101555782 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Craniopharyngioma/therapy/complications/physiopathology MH - *Pituitary Neoplasms/therapy/complications/physiopathology MH - *Feeding Behavior/physiology MH - *Hunger/physiology MH - *Satiation/physiology MH - Obesity/etiology PMC - PMC13491036 OTO - NOTNLM OT - craniopharyngioma OT - eating behavior OT - hunger OT - hypothalamus OT - obesity OT - quality of life OT - satiety OT - setmelanotide COIS- HM has received reimbursement of participation fees for scientific meetings and continuing medical education events, and reimbursement of travel expenses and lecture honoraria from Rhythm Pharmaceuticals. HM is specialty chief editor for the journal Frontiers in Endocrinology - Pituitary Endocrinology, guest associate editor for Frontiers Obesity and Frontiers Pediatric Endocrinology, and editorial board member of biomedicines mdpi. The author HM declared that he was an editorial board member of Frontiers at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision. EDAT- 2026/08/21 11:39 MHDA- 2026/08/21 11:40 PMCR- 2026/08/06 CRDT- 2026/08/21 06:02 PHST- 2026/05/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/21 11:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/21 11:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/21 06:02 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1895026 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2026 Aug 6;17:1895026. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2026.1895026. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42626192 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260821 LR - 20260822 IS - 2624-8212 (Electronic) IS - 2624-8212 (Linking) VI - 9 DP - 2026 TI - Digital twin-supported behavioral intention in mothers of young children to prevent childhood obesity: a large language model-based intervention study. PG - 1927993 LID - 10.3389/frai.2026.1927993 [doi] LID - 1927993 AB - INTRODUCTION: Childhood obesity is a major determinant of lifelong non-communicable disease risk, yet early intervention may modify this trajectory. Digital twins and large language models may provide a scalable means of translating individualized risk prediction into understandable and motivating lifestyle guidance. METHODS: We developed a precision-preventive intervention integrating a childhood-overweight digital twin with an empathic, supervised-fine-tuned open-source nutrition-guidance large language model. The model was based on Llama 3-70B and fine-tuned using the Standard Tables of Food Composition in Japan 2020 and its 2023 amendment. Response appropriateness was evaluated using 30 nutrition-related questions independently assessed by three registered dietitians. The digital twin adopted a published Tohoku Medical Megabank Birth and Three-Generation cohort model predicting overweight risk at 36-47 months, 6 years, 11 years, and 14 years. A total of 121 women with a child under 14 years of age participated in the digital-twin visualization and a single chat-based test. RESULTS: The off-the-shelf Llama 3-70B produced a mean of 18 appropriate responses out of 30, whereas the fine-tuned model produced 27 out of 30. The digital-twin visualization and chat consultation were rated highly for clarity, perceived value, behavioral intention, and willingness to continue, with core-item means above 4.9 on a five-point scale. Thematic analysis showed that 112 of 121 participants perceived the recommended lifestyle changes as feasible and achievable gradually. DISCUSSION: The integrated intervention demonstrated preliminary operational feasibility and acceptability. Individualized future-risk visualization combined with supportive conversational guidance was associated with high self-reported behavioral intention. Controlled and longitudinal studies are required to determine whether these preliminary motivational responses translate into sustained behavior change and improved health outcomes. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Nakamura, Shinoda, Noda, Ishikuro, Obara, Matsubara, Ishii, Onishi and Ohyama. FAU - Nakamura, Kenji AU - Nakamura K AD - Center for Mathematics and Data Science, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan. AD - Innovative Medical Research Center, Gunma University Hospital, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan. FAU - Shinoda, Genki AU - Shinoda G AD - Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. FAU - Noda, Aoi AU - Noda A AD - Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. FAU - Ishikuro, Mami AU - Ishikuro M AD - Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. FAU - Obara, Taku AU - Obara T AD - Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. FAU - Matsubara, Taeka AU - Matsubara T AD - Interfaculty Initiative in Information Studies, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Ishii, Hideki AU - Ishii H AD - Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan. FAU - Onishi, Masahiro AU - Onishi M AD - System Integration Center, Gunma University Hospital, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan. FAU - Ohyama, Yoshiaki AU - Ohyama Y AD - Innovative Medical Research Center, Gunma University Hospital, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260806 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Artif Intell JT - Frontiers in artificial intelligence JID - 101770551 PMC - PMC13491048 OTO - NOTNLM OT - behavioral intention OT - childhood obesity OT - digital twin OT - large language model OT - maternal and child health OT - nutrition counseling OT - precision prevention COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/21 11:39 MHDA- 2026/08/21 11:40 PMCR- 2026/08/06 CRDT- 2026/08/21 05:55 PHST- 2026/07/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/21 11:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/21 11:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/21 05:55 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/frai.2026.1927993 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Artif Intell. 2026 Aug 6;9:1927993. doi: 10.3389/frai.2026.1927993. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42625989 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260821 LR - 20260822 IS - 2624-9367 (Electronic) IS - 2624-9367 (Linking) VI - 8 DP - 2026 TI - Patterns of habitual physical activity in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (GMFCS I-II). PG - 1896196 LID - 10.3389/fspor.2026.1896196 [doi] LID - 1896196 AB - BACKGROUND: To provide tailored recommendations and interventions for physical activity in children with cerebral palsy, it is important to gain insight not only into the amount and intensity, but also into the temporal pattern of activity. This descriptive study describes postures, bouts, transitions, timepoints, frequency, and type of activity in ambulatory children with Cerebral Palsy (CP) and compare these patterns with typically developing (TD) peers. METHODS: Twenty-three children with CP [GMFCS I-II, 11 males, mean age [range] 9 years [7-16]] and 23 TD peers [9 male, mean age[range] 10 years [7-15]] wore two accelerometers for seven consecutive days. A validated human activity recognition model classified following activities; lying, sitting, standing, walking, running, cycling and jumping based on raw acceleration data. RESULTS: Both groups accumulated about five hours of daily physical activity through active postures and locomotion, predominantly through standing ( approximately 200 min) and walking ( approximately 100 min), and short periods of running ( approximately 10 min), cycling (<1 min) and jumping (1-2 min). The accumulated activity was approximately 8% for CP and 10,5% higher for TD on weekdays than weekends. Children with CP were on average approximately 10 to 17 min less active and had approximately 15% less active-sedentary-transitions compared to TD, but without statistical significance. During weekdays, all children engaged in standing bouts of up to 10 min, walking bouts of up to two minutes and running bouts of up to 24 s. During weekends, the proportion of children performing different bout lengths decreased as bout length increased. CONCLUSION: Ambulatory children with CP, predominantly classified as GMFCS I, demonstrated habitual physical activity patterns, with no statistically significant difference from TD peers. Additionally, there was no statistically significant difference between weekdays and weekends for either group. Substantial within-group variation highlights the heterogeneity of habitual physical activity patterns in children. Furthermore, given small sample size and low statistical power, these findings should be regarded as descriptive and hypothesis-generating. CI - (c) 2026 Torring, Roeleveld, Lydersen, Bardal and Braendvik. FAU - Torring, Marte Fossflaten AU - Torring MF AD - Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway. AD - Physiotherapy Unit, Trondheim Municipal, Trondheim, Norway. FAU - Roeleveld, Karin AU - Roeleveld K AD - Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway. FAU - Lydersen, Stian AU - Lydersen S AD - Regional Centre for Child and Youth - Mental Health and Child Welfare, Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway. FAU - Bardal, Ellen Marie AU - Bardal EM AD - Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway. AD - Clinic of Rehabilitation, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway. FAU - Braendvik, Siri Merete AU - Braendvik SM AD - Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway. AD - Clinic of Rehabilitation, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260731 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Sports Act Living JT - Frontiers in sports and active living JID - 101765780 PMC - PMC13491053 OTO - NOTNLM OT - activity patterns OT - activity types OT - cerebral palsy OT - habitual physical activity OT - human activity recognition COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/21 11:39 MHDA- 2026/08/21 11:40 PMCR- 2026/07/31 CRDT- 2026/08/21 05:42 PHST- 2026/05/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/21 11:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/21 11:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/21 05:42 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fspor.2026.1896196 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Sports Act Living. 2026 Jul 31;8:1896196. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2026.1896196. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42625773 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260821 LR - 20260822 IS - 2296-858X (Print) IS - 2296-858X (Electronic) IS - 2296-858X (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2026 TI - A descriptive cross-sectional study on the dry eye disease in children in Xiamen, China. PG - 1897928 LID - 10.3389/fmed.2026.1897928 [doi] LID - 1897928 AB - OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical characteristics, risk factors, and applicability of three commonly used dry eye disease (DED) questionnaires (OSDI, CDEQ, and COCI) in children and adolescents in Xiamen, China, aiming to provide preliminary descriptive data in DED pediatric population. METHODS: This single-center cross-sectional study included 105 pediatric patients with DED. Demographic data, clinical findings, risk factors, and questionnaire scores were collected. Univariate analysis was used to identify associated factors. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha, inter-questionnaire correlations using Spearman analysis, and discriminative validity using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. RESULTS: Among 105 participants (mean age 7.86 +/- 3.13 years; 64.76% male), the majority were elementary school-aged (54.29%). All patients exhibited meibomian gland dysfunction, and 92.38% had mixed-type DED. Age (p = 0.012), BMI (p = 0.067), outdoor activity (p = 0.029), and sleep duration (p = 0.055) were associated with DED subtype or severity. The response rates of the CDEQ and COCI were 100%. All questionnaires showed acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.642-0.919) and moderate correlations. However, none demonstrated significant discriminative ability for DED severity (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Given the cross-sectional design, no causal inference can be drawn from these findings. Within this descriptive framework, mixed-type DED with predominant MGD emerged as the main subtype in children in Xiamen. Obesity, limited outdoor activity, and short sleep duration were identified as potential correlates. The CDEQ and COCI showed acceptable feasibility and reliability, while the OSDI demonstrated limited applicability. None of the three questionnaires effectively distinguished severity, underscoring the need for pediatric-specific tools. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Fang, Sun, Xiong, Yin, Yang and Bu. FAU - Fang, Weifang AU - Fang W AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Xiamen Children's Hospital (Children's Hospital of Fudan University at Xiamen), Xiamen Key Laboratory of Pediatric General Surgery Diseases, Xiamen, China. FAU - Sun, Le AU - Sun L AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China. FAU - Xiong, Weiwei AU - Xiong W AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Xiamen Children's Hospital (Children's Hospital of Fudan University at Xiamen), Xiamen Key Laboratory of Pediatric General Surgery Diseases, Xiamen, China. FAU - Yin, Xue AU - Yin X AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Xiamen Children's Hospital (Children's Hospital of Fudan University at Xiamen), Xiamen Key Laboratory of Pediatric General Surgery Diseases, Xiamen, China. FAU - Yang, Hui AU - Yang H AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Xiamen Children's Hospital (Children's Hospital of Fudan University at Xiamen), Xiamen Key Laboratory of Pediatric General Surgery Diseases, Xiamen, China. FAU - Bu, Jinghua AU - Bu J AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260806 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Med (Lausanne) JT - Frontiers in medicine JID - 101648047 PMC - PMC13490148 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CDEQ OT - COCI OT - OSDI OT - dry eye disease OT - pediatric dry eye disease OT - questionnaire COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/21 11:39 MHDA- 2026/08/21 11:40 PMCR- 2026/08/06 CRDT- 2026/08/21 05:21 PHST- 2026/06/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/21 11:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/21 11:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/21 05:21 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fmed.2026.1897928 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Med (Lausanne). 2026 Aug 6;13:1897928. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2026.1897928. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42625158 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260821 LR - 20260909 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Aug 20 TI - Addressing insufficient physical activity in children with obesity in a 4-month physical activity on prescription intervention: a single-group pre-post study. LID - 10.1186/s12889-026-29071-9 [doi] LID - 2407 AB - BACKGROUND: Childhood obesity is a complex disease and a growing global public health challenge. Physical activity on prescription (PAP) is an evidence-based method to increase physical activity (PA) in adults but has been sparsely studied in children with obesity. The aim of the study was to explore changes in PA patterns in 6-12-year-old children with obesity after a 4-month PAP intervention and to explore age- and sex-related differences. METHODS: The cohort consisted of 42 children (20 boys), 6-12 years old, treated at paediatric or rehabilitation clinics in Gothenburg and surrounding municipalities, Sweden. An individualised PAP intervention was provided, comprising individual counselling, a written prescription with an individually tailored PA recommendation, and structured follow-up. Main activities performed by the children were ball sports, swimming and walking, the latter including daily walks to and from school. Physical activity was measured using accelerometers attached to the participants' hips for 7 days before and after the intervention. Changes pre- to post-intervention in PA patterns were analysed using Wilcoxon's signed rank test. RESULTS: Of the 42 included children, 35 completed the intervention (dropout rate 16.7%), of whom 32 provided valid accelerometer data. The sample was balanced by sex (16 girls/16 boys) and age (n = 16 in each subgroup). No significant changes were observed in PA patterns in the overall group or in subgroup analyses by sex and age. Overall satisfaction with the PAP treatment was high among both children and parents. CONCLUSIONS: Although no significant changes in PA patterns were observed post-intervention, children and parents expressed satisfaction with the PAP intervention. The lack of significant findings may partly be explained by the small sample size and limited statistical power, the extent and duration of the intervention, and the limited ability of accelerometers to capture certain types of activities. Further research is needed to explore the feasibility, adherence, and long-term effects of PAP interventions in children with obesity, with implications for broader public health efforts. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04847271, registered 14 April 2021. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Tornqvist, Jessica AU - Tornqvist J AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-3775-7364 AD - Centre for Physical Activity, Region Vastra Gotaland, Gothenburg, Sweden. AD - Unit of Physiotherapy, Department of Health and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. FAU - Lauruschkus, Katarina AU - Lauruschkus K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1801-8503 AD - Faculty of Medicine, Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. AD - Faculty of Health Sciences, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden. FAU - Bernhardsson, Susanne AU - Bernhardsson S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8212-7678 AD - Unit of Physiotherapy, Department of Health and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. AD - Research, Education, Development and Innovation, Primary Health Care, Region Vastra Gotaland, Gothenburg, Sweden. FAU - Melin, Karin AU - Melin K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3297-7735 AD - Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. AD - Department of Paediatric Neurology and Psychiatry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Vastra Gotaland, Gothenburg, Sweden. FAU - Karlsson, Li AU - Karlsson L AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-7660-0828 AD - Centre for Physical Activity, Region Vastra Gotaland, Gothenburg, Sweden. AD - Unit of Physiotherapy, Department of Health and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. FAU - Arvidsson, Daniel AU - Arvidsson D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3112-5434 AD - Centre for Health and Performance, Department of Food and Nutrition, and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. FAU - Fridolfsson, Jonatan AU - Fridolfsson J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7003-4025 AD - Center for Lifestyle Intervention, Department of Molecular and Acute Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. AD - Department of MGAO, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Vastra Gotaland, Gothenburg, Sweden. FAU - Greven, Christian AU - Greven C AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-4745-1582 AD - Centre for Health and Performance, Department of Food and Nutrition, and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. AD - Department of MGAO, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Vastra Gotaland, Gothenburg, Sweden. FAU - Lundqvist, Stefan AU - Lundqvist S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3467-8499 AD - Centre for Physical Activity, Region Vastra Gotaland, Gothenburg, Sweden. stefan.lundqvist@gu.se. AD - Unit of Physiotherapy, Department of Health and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. stefan.lundqvist@gu.se. AD - Research, Education, Development and Innovation, Primary Health Care, Region Vastra Gotaland, Gothenburg, Sweden. stefan.lundqvist@gu.se. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT04847271 PT - Clinical Trial PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260820 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 SB - IM MH - Child MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Accelerometry MH - *Exercise MH - *Health Promotion/methods MH - *Pediatric Obesity/therapy MH - Sweden PMC - PMC13495397 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Accelerometry OT - Paediatric obesity OT - Physical Activity on Prescription OT - Physical activity OT - Sedentary behaviour COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles described in the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority (reference no 2021-03632, 2021-06810-02). Written and verbal informed consent were collected from participating parents and verbal assent from the children. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/08/21 05:35 MHDA- 2026/08/21 05:36 PMCR- 2026/08/20 CRDT- 2026/08/21 00:20 PHST- 2026/01/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/21 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/21 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/21 00:20 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-29071-9 [pii] AID - 29071 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-29071-9 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2026 Aug 20;26(1):2407. doi: 10.1186/s12889-026-29071-9. PMID- 42624607 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260820 LR - 20260827 IS - 2044-6055 (Electronic) IS - 2044-6055 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug 19 TI - Reassessing mid-upper arm circumference thresholds for predicting nutritional status and pregnancy outcomes among pregnant adolescents in Bundibugyo District, Uganda: protocol for a health facility-based prospective cohort study. PG - e121400 LID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2026-121400 [doi] LID - e121400 AB - INTRODUCTION: In 2023, Sub-Saharan Africa recorded the world's highest teenage pregnancy rate of 4.4 per 1000 women compared with the global average of 1.5 per 1000, highlighting the need for accurate nutritional assessment during pregnancy. Current mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) thresholds differ between non-pregnant adolescents (18.5 cm) and pregnant adolescents (23 cm) as per the Uganda Integrated Management of Acute Malnutrition guidelines. This classification can lead to inadequate treatment and mislabelling of adolescents as non-responders, despite nutritional improvements. This study will reassess MUAC thresholds for predicting nutritional status and pregnancy outcomes among pregnant adolescents in Bundibugyo District, Uganda. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This health facility-based prospective cohort study will target 241 pregnant women comprising 121 pregnant adolescents (10-19 years) and 120 adults (20-49 years) in their first trimester (/= 5.6 mmol/L were randomly selected from 210 participants, alongside 60 matched healthy controls (FPG < 5.6 mmol/L). Semiquantitative lipidomics was performed, and lipid ratios were calculated from identified characteristic lipids. Univariate and multiple regression analyses were conducted. RESULTS: After adjusting for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), early-life risk factors, and metabolic disorder factors, six lipid species remained independently associated with FPG variations (Bonferroni-adjusted p < 0.05). Lipid ratios derived from these six lipids differed significantly between groups; the decreased levels of phosphatidylethanolamine/diacyl-phosphatidylcholine was significantly correlated with elevated FPG, whereas elevated levels of ether-phosphoatidylcholine/diacyl-phosphoatidylcholine ratios was significantly associated with elevated FPG. Three phosphatidylcholine species showed good diagnostic performance (AUC = 0.811, 95% CI: 0.733-0.881). Their composite signature outperformed both the baseline model (age, sex; AUC: 0.882 vs. 0.584, DeLong's p < 0.001), and the extended risk factor model (age, sex, BMI, and early-life riskr factors, AUC: 0.882 vs. 0.635, DeLong's p < 0.001). The robustness of the three PCs was further supported by sensitivity analyses, which demonstrated consistent performance using Firth penalized regression (AUC = 0.883) and an alternative FPG cutoff at the 75th percentile (AUC = 0.834). CONCLUSIONS: In this cross-sectional targeted lipidomics study, a three PC lipid panel was independently associated with subclinical hyperglycemia in preschool-aged children and showed robust diagnostic performance. Two lipid ratios were also associated with FPG. These findings identify a potential lipid panel for early risk detection in this understudied population, pending validation in larger cohorts. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Zhang, Wang, Lv, Huang, Guo, Jiang, Zhang, Liu and Chen. FAU - Zhang, Haifeng AU - Zhang H AD - Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China. FAU - Wang, Jing AU - Wang J AD - Tianjin Women and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, China. FAU - Lv, Yueguang AU - Lv Y AD - Key Laboratory of Consumer Product Quality Safety Inspection and Risk Assessment, State Administration for Market Regulation, Beijing, China. FAU - Huang, Yiying AU - Huang Y AD - Department of Epidemiology, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China. FAU - Guo, Yuanyuan AU - Guo Y AD - Tianjin Women and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, China. FAU - Jiang, Chang AU - Jiang C AD - Tianjin Women and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, China. FAU - Zhang, Ting AU - Zhang T AD - Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China. FAU - Liu, Gongshu AU - Liu G AD - Tianjin Women and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, China. FAU - Chen, Fangfang AU - Chen F AD - Department of Epidemiology, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260805 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) JT - Frontiers in endocrinology JID - 101555782 RN - 0 (Phosphatidylcholines) RN - 0 (Blood Glucose) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Hyperglycemia/diagnosis/blood MH - Male MH - Pilot Projects MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Phosphatidylcholines/blood MH - Blood Glucose/analysis/metabolism MH - *Biomarkers/blood MH - Lipidomics PMC - PMC13485523 OTO - NOTNLM OT - diagnostic signature OT - glycerophopholipids OT - lipid ratio OT - lipidomics OT - pediatric hyperglycemia COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/20 11:41 MHDA- 2026/08/20 11:42 PMCR- 2026/08/05 CRDT- 2026/08/20 07:32 PHST- 2026/05/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/20 11:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/20 11:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/20 07:32 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1878086 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2026 Aug 5;17:1878086. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2026.1878086. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42620310 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260820 LR - 20260821 IS - 1664-1078 (Print) IS - 1664-1078 (Electronic) IS - 1664-1078 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Effect of a theory-based coach education program on the objectively assessed motivational climate in grassroots football across four European countries: results from the Promoting Adolescent Physical Activity (PAPA) project. PG - 1563931 LID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1563931 [doi] LID - 1563931 AB - INTRODUCTION: This study examined the longitudinal effects of the Empowering Coaching program, designed to promote more adaptive motivational climates as created by coaches in grassroots youth football across different countries. METHODS: Sixty-eight coaches from four countries (England, France, Spain, and Greece) were randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group. Coaches' behaviors were assessed at three time points during the season using a validated observational system based on motivational theories. RESULTS: A series of linear and quadratic multilevel models revealed that, compared to the control group, intervention coaches demonstrated a significant reduction in disempowering behaviors (i.e., ego-involving climate) across the season and a temporary increase (assessed 1 month post-intervention) in features of an empowering climate (i.e., autonomy support and relatedness support). CONCLUSION: Findings highlight the training program's short- and long-term impacts and point to the need for continued support to sustain positive coaching practices and reduce the occurrence of negative coaching behaviors. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Tzioumakis, Tessier, Smith, Fabra Lopez, Krommidas, Comoutos, Keramidas, Appleton, Sarrazin, Balaguer, Digelidis, Quested, Papaioannou and Duda. FAU - Tzioumakis, Yannis S AU - Tzioumakis YS AD - Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece. FAU - Tessier, Damien AU - Tessier D AD - SENS, Universite Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France. FAU - Smith, Nathan AU - Smith N AD - University of Coventry, Coventry, United Kingdom. FAU - Fabra Lopez, Priscila AU - Fabra Lopez P AD - Department of Psychology, Universidad Europea de Valencia, Valencia, Spain. FAU - Krommidas, Charalambos AU - Krommidas C AD - Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece. FAU - Comoutos, Nikos AU - Comoutos N AD - Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece. FAU - Keramidas, Panagiotis AU - Keramidas P AD - Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece. FAU - Appleton, Paul R AU - Appleton PR AD - School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom. AD - Institute of Sport, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom. FAU - Sarrazin, Philippe AU - Sarrazin P AD - SENS, Universite Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France. FAU - Balaguer, Isabel AU - Balaguer I AD - Department of Social Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Speech Therapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. FAU - Digelidis, Nikos AU - Digelidis N AD - Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece. FAU - Quested, Eleanor AU - Quested E AD - Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia. FAU - Papaioannou, Athanasios G AU - Papaioannou AG AD - Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece. FAU - Duda, Joan L AU - Duda JL AD - School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260805 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Psychol JT - Frontiers in psychology JID - 101550902 PMC - PMC13485734 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Achievement Goal Theory OT - coach training OT - empowering coaching OT - motivational climate OT - observation OT - self-determination theory OT - youth football COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/20 11:41 MHDA- 2026/08/20 11:42 PMCR- 2026/08/05 CRDT- 2026/08/20 06:34 PHST- 2025/01/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/01/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/20 11:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/20 11:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/20 06:34 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1563931 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Psychol. 2026 Aug 5;17:1563931. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1563931. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42619597 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260820 LR - 20260822 IS - 1460-2210 (Electronic) IS - 0141-5387 (Print) IS - 0141-5387 (Linking) VI - 48 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Aug 6 TI - Frontal sinus morphology and maturation determination. LID - 10.1093/ejo/cjag059 [doi] LID - cjag059 AB - AIM: To determine the relationship between frontal sinus morphometric measurements and established maturation indicators obtained from hand-wrist and lateral cephalometric radiographs, and to evaluate the diagnostic performance of frontal sinus morphometric measurements in discriminating growth and developmental stages. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study analysed radiographs of 240 patients aged 9-19 years who underwent simultaneous hand-wrist and cephalometric imaging. Patients were categorized into six cervical vertebral maturation stages (CVS), with 20 females and 20 males in each stage. Hand-wrist (HWS), cervical vertebra (CVS), and dental maturation (DS) stages were assessed. Frontal sinus measurements included maximum height (FSHeight), maximum width (FSWidth), frontal sinus index (FSIndex), area (FSArea), and perimeter (FSPerimeter). Spearman's Rho assessed correlations, and ROC analysis evaluated diagnostic performance with cut-off-based accuracy rates. Reliability was examined using the Kappa coefficient, Kendall's tau-b, and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). RESULTS: After Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate (FDR) correction, no significant correlations were found between HWS or DS stages and FSHeight in male patients, or between CVS or DS stages and FSIndex. In females, FSArea showed the highest discriminatory performance for classifying the transition from pre-pubertal to pubertal stage (AUC = 0.794; P < 0.001). In males, FSWidth showed the strongest discriminatory performance (AUC = 0.817; P < 0.001). For the transition from the pubertal to post-pubertal stage, FSWidth showed the highest discriminatory performance (AUC = 0.846; P < 0.001), and all frontal sinus measurements were statistically significant in both sexes. CONCLUSION: Frontal sinus morphometry showed high reliability and meaningful associations with age and maturation indicators. However, as AUC values ranged from moderate to good (0.655-0.846) and diagnostic performance varied by sex, maturation system, and transition stage, frontal sinus morphometry should be regarded as a supplementary rather than a standalone or definitive indicator of skeletal maturation, pending longitudinal validation. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Orthodontic Society. FAU - Kok, Hatice AU - Kok H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5874-9474 AD - Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Selcuk University, Alaeddin Keykubat Campus, Akademi Square, Yeni Istanbul Street No. 309, 42150 Selcuklu, Konya, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Eur J Orthod JT - European journal of orthodontics JID - 7909010 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Cephalometry/methods MH - Female MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - *Age Determination by Skeleton/methods MH - Cervical Vertebrae/growth & development/diagnostic imaging MH - *Frontal Sinus/diagnostic imaging/growth & development/anatomy & histology MH - Young Adult MH - ROC Curve MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Wrist/diagnostic imaging MH - Sex Factors PMC - PMC13490868 OTO - NOTNLM OT - ROC curve OT - frontal sinus OT - growth and development OT - maturity OT - orthodontics COIS- Conflicts of interest: The author declares that there is no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/20 11:41 MHDA- 2026/08/20 11:42 PMCR- 2026/08/20 CRDT- 2026/08/20 05:03 PHST- 2026/08/20 11:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/20 11:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/20 05:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 8766858 [pii] AID - cjag059 [pii] AID - 10.1093/ejo/cjag059 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Orthod. 2026 Aug 6;48(5):cjag059. doi: 10.1093/ejo/cjag059. PMID- 42618859 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260820 LR - 20261008 IS - 1432-1076 (Electronic) IS - 0340-6199 (Linking) VI - 185 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Aug 19 TI - Bioelectrical impedance analysis versus dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry for body composition assessment in children with chronic kidney disease. LID - 679 [pii] LID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07355-x [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) exhibit progressive body composition alterations. While dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the reference standard, its routine use is limited by cost, radiation, and availability. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) offers a portable, radiation-free alternative, but its accuracy relative to DXA in paediatric CKD remains insufficiently evaluated. METHODS: This cross-sectional study enrolled 102 children aged 5-14 years with CKD stages 3-5. Same-day BIA and DXA measurements were performed. Agreement between methods was assessed using Pearson's correlation coefficient, Lin's concordance correlation coefficient (CCC), and Bland-Altman analysis. Associations with CKD stage and sex were examined. RESULTS: BIA showed strong to very strong correlations with DXA for fat mass (FM; r = 0.93), fat-free mass (FFM; r = 0.91), and total bone mineral content (BMC; r = 0.84). Lin's CCC indicated poor concordance for all parameters (all < 0.90): FFM 0.87, total BMC 0.81, total bone mineral density (BMD) 0.74, FM 0.66 and body fat percentage (BF%) 0.29. BIA systematically underestimated FM and overestimated FFM relative to DXA. DXA detected significant stage-wise reductions in FM, FMI, FFM and FFMI across CKD stages, whereas BIA detected only the decline in FFMI (p = 0.012). CONCLUSIONS: Despite strong correlations, BIA showed poor concordance with DXA for every parameter assessed, with clinically unacceptable limits of agreement; correlation does not imply interchangeability. BIA may retain a role in population-level nutritional screening in resource-limited settings, although its ability to track change was not tested here; DXA remains necessary for individual-level assessment in paediatric CKD. What is known * Children with CKD experience progressive lean tissue loss, fat redistribution, and impaired bone mineralisation contributing to growth failure. * DXA is the reference standard for body composition assessment, but it is limited by cost, radiation, and availability. What is new * BIA shows a strong to very strong correlation with DXA but poor concordance (Lin's CCC < 0.90) for every body composition and bone parameter in paediatric CKD stages 3-5. * BIA cannot detect stage-wise differences in body composition that DXA identifies, limiting its diagnostic precision in this population. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Karri, Madhu Sudhan AU - Karri MS AD - Department of Paediatrics, Advanced Paediatrics Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India. FAU - Dawman, Lesa AU - Dawman L AD - Department of Paediatrics, Advanced Paediatrics Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India. lesadawman@gmail.com. FAU - Sadasivam, Deepthika AU - Sadasivam D AD - Department of Paediatrics, Advanced Paediatrics Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India. FAU - Vallabhaneni, Pujitha AU - Vallabhaneni P AD - Department of Paediatrics, Advanced Paediatrics Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India. FAU - Mahajan, Shailza AU - Mahajan S AD - Department of Paediatrics, Advanced Paediatrics Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India. FAU - Singh, Tulika AU - Singh T AD - Department of Radiodiagnosis, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India. FAU - Kaur, Harvinder AU - Kaur H AD - Department of Paediatrics, Advanced Paediatrics Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India. FAU - Yadav, Jaivinder AU - Yadav J AD - Department of Paediatrics, Advanced Paediatrics Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India. FAU - Tiewsoh, Karalanglin AU - Tiewsoh K AD - Department of Paediatrics, Advanced Paediatrics Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260819 PL - Germany TA - Eur J Pediatr JT - European journal of pediatrics JID - 7603873 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - *Absorptiometry, Photon/methods MH - Female MH - Male MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Electric Impedance MH - Adolescent MH - *Body Composition MH - *Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/physiopathology MH - Child, Preschool MH - Bone Density MH - Reproducibility of Results OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bioelectrical impedance analysis OT - Body composition OT - Bone mineral density OT - Children OT - Chronic kidney disease OT - Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry COIS- Declarations. Ethical approval: All procedures performed in the study involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee at which the study was conducted (Institutional Ethics Committee, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India, IEC approval number: No.IEC-INT/2024/MD-1684, dated: 16.03.2024) and the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Informed consent: Written informed consent was obtained from all parents or legal guardians prior to enrolment. Conflicts of interest: None of the authors has any disclosures or conflicts of interest concerning this article's research, authorship, or publication. EDAT- 2026/08/20 05:43 MHDA- 2026/08/20 05:44 CRDT- 2026/08/20 00:15 PHST- 2026/06/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/20 05:44 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/20 05:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/20 00:15 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07355-x [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07355-x [doi] PST - epublish SO - Eur J Pediatr. 2026 Aug 19;185(9):679. doi: 10.1007/s00431-026-07355-x. PMID- 42617192 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260819 LR - 20260822 IS - 1598-6357 (Electronic) IS - 1011-8934 (Print) IS - 1011-8934 (Linking) VI - 41 IP - 32 DP - 2026 Aug 17 TI - Twin Birth Weight Chart Comparisons in Korea. PG - e215 LID - 10.3346/jkms.2026.41.e215 [doi] LID - e215 AB - BACKGROUND: Birth weight deviations from gestational age-specific standards affect neonatal outcomes. While singleton references are established, their applicability to twins is debated. With the increasing incidence of twin and preterm births, twin-specific growth standards remain limited in Korea. This study systematically analyzed twin growth trajectories, considering sex, mode of conception, and chorionicity, to establish accurate references. METHODS: This study analyzed data from the Korean Neonatal Network (2013-2020; 60 years). T-scores for RF parameters were derived from a young reference subgroup aged 18-45 years (n = 1001). Associations with sex, age, body mass index and physical activity were analysed. RESULTS: All NU parameters differed significantly by sex (all p < 0.001). Median RF-CSA was 4.60 cm(2) (IQR 3.83-5.58) in women and 6.77 cm(2) (5.55-7.91) in men; median RF-Y axis at rest was 1.56 cm (1.33-1.80) and 1.91 cm (1.65-2.17), and during contraction 1.97 cm (1.71-2.24) and 2.47 cm (2.15-2.78), respectively. Median total abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (T-SAT) was 1.77 cm (1.16-2.39) in women and 1.65 cm (1.13-2.22) in men. RF measurements correlated moderately-strongly with BIA-derived muscle mass (r = 0.45-0.65) and HGS (r = 0.49-0.58). T-SAT correlated with BIA fat mass and waist circumference (r = 0.45-0.65), whereas visceral adipose tissue showed weaker associations (r approximately 0.33). RF-CSA and RF-Y axis increased across physical-activity categories (p < 0.05). Absolute RF values did not differ by BMI; however, when indexed to body weight, participants with BMI > 25 kg/m(2) had lower RF-CSA and RF-Y values (all p < 0.001). RF parameters followed a normal distribution, whereas adipose tissue measures did not. In the young reference group (18-45 years), mean +/- SD RF-Y axis was 1.68 +/- 0.33 cm in women and 2.05 +/- 0.37 cm in men. When applying T-score criteria, the -2 standard deviation cut-off identified 1.4%-11.7% of adults aged >/=45 years as having low muscle mass. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides the first age- and sex-specific population-based reference values for nutritional ultrasound measurements in an apparently healthy adult Spanish population. These findings support the validity, clinical applicability, and standardisation of nutritional ultrasound for the assessment of muscle mass, with potential utility in the diagnosis of sarcopenia and malnutrition. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Moreno-Torres-Taboada, Carolina AU - Moreno-Torres-Taboada C AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-2768-8151 AD - Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Regional University Hospital of Malaga, Malaga, Spain. AD - Department of Medicine and Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain. FAU - Romero-Marquez, Jose M AU - Romero-Marquez JM AD - Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain. AD - Foundation for Biosanitary Research of Eastern Andalusia - Alejandro Otero (FIBAO), Granada, Spain. AD - Faculty of Health Sciences. Department of Nutrition and Sports Sciences, International University of La Rioja, Logrono, Spain. FAU - Garcia-Olivares, Maria AU - Garcia-Olivares M AD - Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Regional University Hospital of Malaga, Malaga, Spain. AD - Department of Medicine and Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain. AD - IBIMA BIONAND Platform, Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga, Malaga, Spain. AD - Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, QuironSalud Malaga Hospital, Malaga, Spain. FAU - Novo-Rodriguez, Maria AU - Novo-Rodriguez M AD - Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain. AD - Foundation for Biosanitary Research of Eastern Andalusia - Alejandro Otero (FIBAO), Granada, Spain. FAU - Fernandez-Jimenez, Rocio AU - Fernandez-Jimenez R AD - Department of Medicine and Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain. AD - IBIMA BIONAND Platform, Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga, Malaga, Spain. AD - Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, QuironSalud Malaga Hospital, Malaga, Spain. AD - Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Malaga, Spain. FAU - Vegas-Aguilar, Isabel AU - Vegas-Aguilar I AD - IBIMA BIONAND Platform, Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga, Malaga, Spain. AD - Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Malaga, Spain. FAU - Garcia-Luna, Pedro Pablo AU - Garcia-Luna PP AD - Nutrition Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Sevilla, Spain. FAU - Garcia-Rey, Silvia AU - Garcia-Rey S AD - Nutrition Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Sevilla, Spain. FAU - Garcia-Almeida, Jose Manuel AU - Garcia-Almeida JM AD - Department of Medicine and Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain. AD - IBIMA BIONAND Platform, Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga, Malaga, Spain. AD - Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, QuironSalud Malaga Hospital, Malaga, Spain. AD - Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Malaga, Spain. AD - Network Biomedical Research Center Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CiberOBN), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Olveira, Gabriel AU - Olveira G AD - Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Regional University Hospital of Malaga, Malaga, Spain. AD - Department of Medicine and Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain. AD - IBIMA BIONAND Platform, Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga, Malaga, Spain. AD - Biomedical Research Networking Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Malaga, Spain. CN - VALORES Group LA - eng GR - C24051/Fresenius Kabi/ PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PL - Germany TA - J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle JT - Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle JID - 101552883 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - Reference Values MH - Aged MH - Ultrasonography/methods MH - Adolescent MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Young Adult MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Body Composition MH - *Muscle, Skeletal/diagnostic imaging/physiology MH - Adipose Tissue/diagnostic imaging PMC - PMC13487697 OTO - NOTNLM OT - body composition OT - malnutrition OT - muscle ultrasound OT - nutritional ultrasound OT - reference values OT - sarcopenia COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. FIR - The Valores Group, For IR - The Valores Group F FIR - Lopez-de-la-Torre-Casares, Martin IR - Lopez-de-la-Torre-Casares M IRAD- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain. FIR - Munoz-Garach, Araceli IR - Munoz-Garach A IRAD- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain. FIR - Novo-Rodriguez, Cristina IR - Novo-Rodriguez C IRAD- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain. FIR - Guardia-Baena, Juan Manuel IR - Guardia-Baena JM IRAD- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain. FIR - Padial-Barranco, Marina IR - Padial-Barranco M IRAD- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Regional University Hospital of Malaga, Malaga, Spain. FIR - Porras-Perez, Nuria IR - Porras-Perez N IRAD- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Regional University Hospital of Malaga, Malaga, Spain. FIR - Rojo-Martinez, Gemma IR - Rojo-Martinez G IRAD- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Regional University Hospital of Malaga, Malaga, Spain. FIR - Del Carmen Roque-Cuellar, Maria IR - Del Carmen Roque-Cuellar M IRAD- Nutrition Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Sevilla, Spain. FIR - Jimenez-Sanchez, Andres IR - Jimenez-Sanchez A IRAD- Nutrition Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Sevilla, Spain. FIR - Martinez-Ortega, Antonio Jesus IR - Martinez-Ortega AJ IRAD- Nutrition Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Sevilla, Spain. EDAT- 2026/08/19 14:49 MHDA- 2026/08/19 14:50 PMCR- 2026/08/19 CRDT- 2026/08/19 06:13 PHST- 2026/06/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/19 14:50 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/19 14:49 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/19 06:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JCSM70344 [pii] AID - 10.1002/jcsm.70344 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2026 Aug;17(4):e70344. doi: 10.1002/jcsm.70344. PMID- 42614353 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260819 LR - 20260820 IS - 2673-3153 (Electronic) IS - 2673-3153 (Print) IS - 2673-3153 (Linking) VI - 8 DP - 2026 TI - The value of anti-Mullerian hormone for diagnosing polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescents: a case-control study based on an epidemiological survey. PG - 1907699 LID - 10.3389/frph.2026.1907699 [doi] LID - 1907699 AB - BACKGROUND: Updated 2023 international evidence-based guidelines do not recommend anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) for diagnosing adolescent polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS, also newly termed polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome [PMOS]) due to limited specificity. Physiological multifollicular ovaries are prevalent in teenagers, and existing studies show massive heterogeneity in participant age, BMI, AMH detection platforms and cut-off thresholds without unified adolescent-specific standards. This study aimed to analyze serum AMH correlations with core adolescent PCOS phenotypes and evaluate the auxiliary diagnostic performance of AMH for adolescent PCOS. METHODS: Based on a cross-sectional school-based epidemiological survey among adolescent girls aged 14-18 years, we enrolled 211 healthy girls, 158 girls with oligo-/amenorrhea, 38 girls with isolated clinical hirsutism, 51 girls with isolated biochemical hyperandrogenemia, and 39 adolescent PCOS patients for case-control analysis. Pearson's correlation coefficients were calculated to determine the correlations between AMH and various parameters. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to examine the diagnostic performance of AMH. RESULTS: Serum AMH concentrations were significantly higher in girls with oligo-/amenorrhea and isolated biochemical hyperandrogenemia relative to healthy controls (P < 0.05), while isolated hirsutism presented comparable AMH levels with controls (P > 0.05). Adolescent PCOS patients had the highest AMH levels among all subgroups (P < 0.05). AMH was positively correlated with all circulating androgen markers (T, FAI, A2, fT, DHEAS) but showed no correlation with age, menarcheal age, gynecological age, BMI, WHR or SHBG. Within the PCOS cohort, only serum testosterone maintained an independent positive correlation with AMH (r = 0.450, P = 0.004). ROC analysis showed an AUC of AMH for adolescent PCOS of 0.717 (95%CI: 0.625-0.809, P < 0.001). Bootstrap-validated optimal AMH cut-off value was 4.0 ng/mL, with sensitivity 51.3% (95CI: 35.4%-67.2%) and specificity 86.1% (95CI: 81.2%-90.0%). post-hoc power analysis demonstrated moderate statistical power of 0.74 for this ROC model due to limited PCOS sample size (n = 39). CONCLUSIONS: Serum AMH is closely correlated with two core diagnostic manifestations of adolescent PCOS: ovulatory dysfunction and biochemical hyperandrogenemia. Nevertheless, the low sensitivity of the 4.0 ng/mL threshold leads to nearly half missed PCOS cases if used alone for screening. Combined with inherent incorporation bias, absence of ovarian ultrasound data and consistent 2023 guideline recommendations, AMH can only serve as an adjunctive auxiliary biomarker rather than an independent diagnostic or screening tool for adolescent PCOS. Multicenter studies with standardized ovarian ultrasonography and external validation cohorts are required to establish generalizable age-specific AMH cut-offs for adolescents. CI - (c) 2026 Hong, Li, Yang, Zhou and Dong. FAU - Hong, Yu AU - Hong Y AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China. AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kiangwu Hospital, Macao SAR, China. FAU - Li, Enping AU - Li E AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kiangwu Hospital, Macao SAR, China. FAU - Yang, Dongzi AU - Yang D AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Zhou, Zehong AU - Zhou Z AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Dong, Zhe AU - Dong Z AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260804 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Reprod Health JT - Frontiers in reproductive health JID - 9918230899006676 PMC - PMC13481504 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescence OT - anti-Mullerian hormone OT - auxiliary diagnostic biomarker OT - polycystic ovary syndrome OT - polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/19 14:49 MHDA- 2026/08/19 14:50 PMCR- 2026/08/04 CRDT- 2026/08/19 05:07 PHST- 2026/06/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/19 14:50 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/19 14:49 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/19 05:07 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/frph.2026.1907699 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Reprod Health. 2026 Aug 4;8:1907699. doi: 10.3389/frph.2026.1907699. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42614308 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260819 LR - 20260820 IS - 2296-861X (Print) IS - 2296-861X (Electronic) IS - 2296-861X (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2026 TI - Gut microbiota of sprint athletes: signature microbes and dietary links. PG - 1855417 LID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1855417 [doi] LID - 1855417 AB - BACKGROUND: The gut microbiota has emerged as an important biological factor associated with host physiological status in athletes. However, relevant research remains limited for sprint athletes, whose physiological demands differ substantially from those of endurance athletes. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to characterize the gut microbiota profile of college sprint athletes, compare it with non-athletic peers, identify potential sprint-associated bacterial taxa, and explore diet-microbiota associations to propose potential nutritional hypotheses for these signature taxa. METHODS: Fecal samples were collected from 20 college sprint athletes and 23 non-athletic college students for metagenomic sequencing. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Alpha and beta diversity analyses were performed to evaluate microbial community diversity and structure. LEfSe was used to identify differentially abundant taxa. Functional annotation and enrichment were conducted using KEGG, GO, and other databases. Spearman's correlation was applied to examine diet-microbiota relationships. RESULTS: Alpha diversity indices (Shannon, Chao1, etc.) did not differ significantly between groups. In contrast, beta diversity analysis revealed significant structural separation. LEfSe identified Segatella copri (LDA = 4.986, p = 0.017) and Bifidobacterium adolescentis (LDA = 3.154, p = 0.003) as signature taxa in athletes, both with significantly higher abundance than in non-athletes. Functional analysis showed predicted enrichment of pathways related to energy metabolism (carbohydrate metabolism, ATP binding) and amino acid metabolism in athletes. Correlation analysis indicated that S. copri abundance was nominally positively associated with dairy intake (r = 0.31, p = 0.045), while B. adolescentis was nominally associated with whole grains, soy milk/soy powder, and dairy products. CONCLUSION: College sprint athletes possess a distinct gut microbiota structure compared with non-athletes. S. copri and B. adolescentis represent distinct microbial signatures associated with sprint athletes, accompanied by corresponding predicted functional pathway enrichment. Specific dietary patterns, including the intake of whole grains, soy milk/soy powder, and dairy products, exhibit exploratory nominal associations with the signature gut microbiota composition of sprinters. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Su, Lan, Chen and Wang. FAU - Su, Chuanjian AU - Su C AD - Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China. FAU - Lan, Jinfeng AU - Lan J AD - Army Arms University of PLA, Hefei, Anhui, China. FAU - Chen, Huimin AU - Chen H AD - The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China. FAU - Wang, Daoming AU - Wang D AD - School of Physical Education and Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260804 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Nutr JT - Frontiers in nutrition JID - 101642264 PMC - PMC13481514 OTO - NOTNLM OT - college students OT - diet-microbiota interaction OT - gut microbiota OT - metagenomic sequencing OT - sprint athletes OT - sprint-associated bacteria COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/19 14:49 MHDA- 2026/08/19 14:50 PMCR- 2026/08/04 CRDT- 2026/08/19 05:00 PHST- 2026/04/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/19 14:50 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/19 14:49 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/19 05:00 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1855417 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Nutr. 2026 Aug 4;13:1855417. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1855417. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42613783 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260819 IS - 1530-0315 (Electronic) IS - 0195-9131 (Linking) DP - 2026 Aug 19 TI - Association of Physical Activity and Physical Fitness with Executive Function in Disabled Children and Adolescents. LID - 10.1249/MSS.0000000000004114 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: To examine the associations of physical activity (PA) and physical fitness with executive function among disabled children and adolescents, and explore potential differences across disability types and gender. METHODS: Two hundred and forty-one participants (64.3% boys; mean age: 12.96 +/- 3.29 years) with physical disabilities (PD, n = 112), intellectual disabilities (ID, n = 119), and hearing impairment (n = 10) were recruited from 19 special schools. PA was measured with wrist-worn accelerometers. Physical fitness, including body composition, muscular strength, muscular endurance, and flexibility, was assessed using the Brockport Physical Fitness Test. Executive function was evaluated through computer-based tasks that measured mean accuracy and reaction time. RESULTS: Linear mixed models revealed that higher PA and better muscular fitness were positively associated with the accuracy of executive function tests. Both light PA (LPA, B = 0.03; 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 0.00, 0.06; d = 0.295) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA; B = 0.25; 95%CI: 0.14, 0.36; d = 0.611) showed significant associations with accuracy. Muscular fitness, including curl-ups (B = 0.58; 95% CI: 0.16, 1.00; d = 0.285) and handgrip strength (B = 0.74; 95% CI: 0.42, 1.07; d = 0.587), demonstrated positive associations with accuracy. Disability-specific analyses indicated that MVPA and handgrip strength were consistently associated with accuracy in both PD and ID groups, while PA was associated with reaction time only in the PD group. Gender-stratified analyses revealed that muscular fitness showed stronger associations with executive function in PD boys, whereas MVPA demonstrated stronger associations with accuracy in PD girls. CONCLUSIONS: Promoting PA and improving muscular fitness may enhance executive function in disabled children and adolescents, with patterns varying by disability type and gender. However, the cross-sectional design precludes causal inferences, and future longitudinal studies are needed to establish causality and explore potential mediating mechanisms. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 by the American College of Sports Medicine. FAU - Wen, Jingsi AU - Wen J AD - Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, CHINA. FAU - Feng, Jie AU - Feng J AD - Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, CHINA. FAU - Yu, Jane Jie AU - Yu JJ AD - Department of Sports Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. FAU - Yang, Wen AU - Yang W AD - Department of Physical Education, Hubei University, Wuhan, CHINA. FAU - Yang, Yijian AU - Yang Y AD - Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, CHINA. FAU - Poon, Eric Tsz-Chun AU - Poon ET AD - Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, CHINA. FAU - Sit, Cindy Hui-Ping AU - Sit CH AD - Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, CHINA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260819 PL - United States TA - Med Sci Sports Exerc JT - Medicine and science in sports and exercise JID - 8005433 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - COGNITIVE FUNCTION OT - EXERCISE OT - MUSCULAR FITNESS OT - STRENGTH OT - YOUTH COIS- Conflict of Interest and Funding Source: This study was funded by the Hong Kong Jockey Club Charities Trust. EDAT- 2026/08/19 14:48 MHDA- 2026/08/19 14:48 CRDT- 2026/08/19 01:03 PHST- 2026/08/19 14:48 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/19 14:48 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/19 01:03 [entrez] AID - 00005768-990000000-01153 [pii] AID - 10.1249/MSS.0000000000004114 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2026 Aug 19. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000004114. PMID- 42613030 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260818 LR - 20260926 IS - 1464-3685 (Electronic) IS - 0300-5771 (Print) IS - 0300-5771 (Linking) VI - 55 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Aug 18 TI - Elucidating the proteomic pathways linking childhood body mass index with type 2 diabetes: a Mendelian randomization and recall-by-genotype study. LID - 10.1093/ije/dyag165 [doi] LID - dyag165 AB - BACKGROUND: Increased childhood adiposity contributes to higher type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Furthermore, whether these mechanistic pathways are shared across ethnic groups has not been explored. METHODS: We conducted a two-step Mendelian randomization (MR) using European-based summary statistics from genome-wide association studies of childhood body mass index (BMI) (n = 61 111), adulthood proteomics (n = 35 559), and later life T2D (cases: 242 283; controls: 1 569 734). We also conducted a recall-by-genotype (RbG) study in a Chinese birth cohort (n = 250) to assess whether childhood BMI was associated with the identified proteomic signals in an East Asian population. Analyses included multi-instrument MR methods (inverse variance weighted and MR-Egger) and, for single-instrument proteins, cis-MR using the Wald ratio, with colocalization validation. Multiple testing was adjusted using false discovery rate (FDR). RESULTS: Higher genetically predicted childhood BMI was associated with 1299 proteins (FDR-adjusted P < .05), of which 36 proteins were associated with higher T2D risk. Six proteins were supported by colocalization (PPH4 > 80%). Genetically predicted higher childhood BMI was positively associated with GCKR, RBP1, ENTPD6, and GST A1-1, and inversely associated with PRSS27 and SHBG. The proportion of the BMI-T2D effect mediated by these proteins ranged from 1.87% to 12.92%. However, only SHBG was replicated in Asians in the RbG study. CONCLUSIONS: Our study identified putative actionable proteins that could reduce the elevated T2D risk attributable to childhood adiposity in Europeans, but their relevance in Asian populations requires further investigation. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the International Epidemiological Association. FAU - Chen, Siyu AU - Chen S AD - School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. FAU - Liang, Yiwen AU - Liang Y AD - School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. FAU - Luo, Shan AU - Luo S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3368-9935 AD - School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. AD - Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. FAU - Zheng, Jie AU - Zheng J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4265-6695 AD - Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Yoshiji, Satoshi AU - Yoshiji S AD - Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada. FAU - Power, Grace M AU - Power GM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5702-7728 AD - MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom. AD - Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom. AD - Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. FAU - Xu, Zikun AU - Xu Z AD - Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Burgess, Stephen AU - Burgess S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5365-8760 AD - MRC Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom. FAU - Cowling, Benjamin John AU - Cowling BJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6297-7154 AD - School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. FAU - Lam, Hugh Simon AU - Lam HS AD - Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. FAU - Li, Albert Martin AU - Li AM AD - Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. FAU - Leung, Gabriel Matthew AU - Leung GM AD - School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. FAU - Schooling, Catherine Mary AU - Schooling CM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9933-5887 AD - School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. AD - Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, New York, NY, United States. FAU - Au Yeung, Shiu Lun AU - Au Yeung SL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6136-1836 AD - School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. LA - eng GR - 216106/Health Care and Promotion Fund, Health and Welfare Bureau, Government of the Hong Kong SAR/ GR - 03040771/Health and Health Services Research Fund/ GR - 05060671/Health and Health Services Research Fund/ GR - 07080751/Health and Health Services Research Fund/ GR - 07080841/Health and Health Services Research Fund/ PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Int J Epidemiol JT - International journal of epidemiology JID - 7802871 RN - Chinese people SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Child MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Body Mass Index MH - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics/metabolism MH - Genome-Wide Association Study MH - Genotype MH - Mendelian Randomization Analysis MH - *Pediatric Obesity/genetics/metabolism MH - Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide MH - Proteomics MH - White People/genetics MH - East Asian People/genetics MH - Genetic Predisposition to Disease PMC - PMC13485351 OTO - NOTNLM OT - childhood obesity OT - proteomics OT - type 2 diabetes COIS- S.L.A.Y. received honoraria from Standard BioTools for scientific presentations on proteomic studies that was related to this study. However, Standard BioTools was not involved in the study design and data analysis of this study. S.B. and C.M.S. serve as editors of the International Journal of Epidemiology, but were not involved in the review, editorial assessment, or decision to publish this manuscript. Other authors declared no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/18 23:36 MHDA- 2026/08/18 23:37 PMCR- 2026/08/18 CRDT- 2026/08/18 20:03 PHST- 2025/11/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/18 23:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/18 23:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/18 20:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 8764056 [pii] AID - dyag165 [pii] AID - 10.1093/ije/dyag165 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Epidemiol. 2026 Aug 18;55(5):dyag165. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyag165. PMID- 42612614 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260909 LR - 20260909 IS - 2352-3964 (Electronic) IS - 2352-3964 (Linking) VI - 131 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Trans-omics integration underscores distinct roles of polyunsaturated phospholipids in bidirectional offspring birth weight deviations. PG - 106435 LID - S2352-3964(26)00319-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ebiom.2026.106435 [doi] LID - 106435 AB - BACKGROUND: Abnormal birth weights are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes and future metabolic consequences. We aimed to examine cord blood lipidomes from low, normal and high birth weight (LBW, NBW, HBW) infants to identify core lipid signatures associated with non-optimum birth weight, and to derive biological insights through trans-omics data integration with placental proteome, maternal plasma lipidome and clinical phenome. METHODS: We conducted quantitative lipidomics of cord blood samples from two independent cohorts: a retrospective discovery cohort (n = 147) and a prospective validation cohort (n = 73). Integration with placental proteomics, maternal plasma lipidomics and clinical phenomics was conducted to elucidate potential biological implications. FINDINGS: We identified substantial reductions in cord blood polyunsaturated phospholipids (PUFA-PLs) (FDR <0.05) associated with placental vesicle trafficking and formation in LBW, and altered neutrophil degranulation in HBW. Combinatorial analyses of paired maternal plasma and cord blood samples indicated that cord blood PUFA-PL reductions were not attributable to deficient maternal supply, but rather to impeded assimilation (LBW) and increased utilisation (HBW). INTERPRETATION: Our findings provide biological insights that may inform targetable, lipid-oriented nutritional and/or pharmacological strategies to modulate foetal growth and development, with the goal of optimising clinical outcomes for both mother and child. FUNDING: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82170854, 81870579, 81870545, 82571043, 2357308); National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding (2022-PUMCH-C-019); Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases-National Science and Technology Major Project (2024ZD0530200 and 2024ZD0530204); Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission (Z201100005520011); Peking University Clinical Scientist Training Program (No. BMU2023PYJH022); Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation (7202163, 7184252). CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Zheng, Jia AU - Zheng J AD - Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China; Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China. FAU - Lam, Sin Man AU - Lam SM AD - Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Targets and Intervention for Metabolic Diseases, LipidALL Technologies, Changzhou, 213022, China; Guangzhou Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 510095, China. FAU - Florence Lim, Wei Ling AU - Florence Lim WL AD - Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Targets and Intervention for Metabolic Diseases, LipidALL Technologies, Changzhou, 213022, China. FAU - Zhang, Shixuan AU - Zhang S AD - Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China. FAU - Mao, Lili AU - Mao L AD - Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China. FAU - Zhang, Qian AU - Zhang Q AD - Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China. FAU - Cui, Jingkang AU - Cui J AD - Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Targets and Intervention for Metabolic Diseases, LipidALL Technologies, Changzhou, 213022, China. FAU - Zhang, Junqing AU - Zhang J AD - Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China. FAU - Gao, Ying AU - Gao Y AD - Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China. FAU - Zhao, Yurong AU - Zhao Y AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fuxing Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China. Electronic address: zhaoyurong72@163.com. FAU - Shui, Guanghou AU - Shui G AD - State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510005, China. Electronic address: shui_guanghou@gzlab.ac.cn. FAU - Xiao, Xinhua AU - Xiao X AD - Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China. Electronic address: xiaoxh2014@vip.163.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260818 PL - Netherlands TA - EBioMedicine JT - EBioMedicine JID - 101647039 RN - 0 (Phospholipids) RN - 0 (Fatty Acids, Unsaturated) RN - 0 (Proteome) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Birth Weight MH - Pregnancy MH - *Phospholipids/blood/metabolism MH - Fetal Blood/metabolism MH - Infant, Newborn MH - *Lipidomics/methods MH - Multiomics MH - *Fatty Acids, Unsaturated/blood/metabolism MH - Placenta/metabolism MH - Proteomics/methods MH - Adult MH - Proteome PMC - PMC13505370 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Abnormal birth weight OT - Cord blood lipidomics OT - PUFAs OT - Placental proteomics COIS- Declaration of interests S.M.L., W.L.F.L and J.K.C are employees of LipidALL Technologies. The other authors declare no conflicting interests. EDAT- 2026/08/18 23:36 MHDA- 2026/09/09 23:36 PMCR- 2026/08/18 CRDT- 2026/08/18 18:11 PHST- 2025/10/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/31 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/09 23:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/18 23:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/18 18:11 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2352-3964(26)00319-1 [pii] AID - 106435 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ebiom.2026.106435 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - EBioMedicine. 2026 Sep;131:106435. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2026.106435. Epub 2026 Aug 18. PMID- 42609271 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260818 LR - 20260819 IS - 2296-861X (Print) IS - 2296-861X (Electronic) IS - 2296-861X (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2026 TI - Nutritional and behavioral determinants of overweight and obesity among school-aged children in Shandong Province, China: evidence from a large-scale cross-sectional study. PG - 1853192 LID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1853192 [doi] LID - 1853192 AB - BACKGROUND: Childhood overweight and obesity are pressing global health challenges with rising prevalence in China. Shandong Province, as a populous and economically developed region, provides a critical context for understanding regional patterns and determinants. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 83,436 children aged 9-12 years from 155 schools in 16 cities (September-November 2025). Anthropometric measurements and validated questionnaires were used to assess weight status, demographics, family environment, and lifestyle factors. Overweight/obesity was classified using International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) cut-offs. Logistic regression identified associated risk and protective factors. RESULTS: The prevalence of overweight/obesity was 19.0%. Rates were higher in boys than girls (19.9% vs. 18.2%, p < 0.001) and increased with age (11-year-olds 20.4% vs. 9-year-olds 18.0%, p < 0.001). Urban children had slightly higher prevalence than rural peers (19.6% vs. 18.7%, p = 0.002). Factors independently associated with overweight/obesity included parental overweight/obesity (OR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.10-1.26), maternal gestational diabetes (OR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.36-1.71), and high birth weight (OR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.09-1.24). Lifestyle behaviors were strongly associated: <1 h/day physical activity increased risk, while >1.5 h/day was protective (OR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.79-0.87); >8 h sleep reduced risk (OR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.60-0.72); >3 h/day screen time (OR = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.02-1.20) and >3 h/day homework (OR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.38-1.62) elevated risk; frequent fruit/vegetable intake was protective, whereas fast-food consumption >3 times/week increased risk (OR = 1.12, 95% CI: 1.05-1.20). CONCLUSION: Childhood overweight/obesity in Shandong Province is influenced by demographic, familial, and lifestyle factors. Findings highlight the importance of multilevel interventions-targeting family health behaviors, maternal metabolic management, school-based physical activity promotion, and community nutrition policies-to curb the rising burden of obesity. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Wang, Yan, Xu, Pang, Li, Chen and Ge. FAU - Wang, Wance AU - Wang W AD - The School of Physical Education and Health, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang, China. FAU - Yan, Lei AU - Yan L AD - School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China. FAU - Xu, Bowen AU - Xu B AD - The School of Physical Education and Health, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang, China. FAU - Pang, Xiangwei AU - Pang X AD - Jafron Biomedical Co., Ltd., Jinan, China. FAU - Li, Qianqian AU - Li Q AD - Shandong University of Art and Design, Jinan, China. FAU - Chen, Ke AU - Chen K AD - The School of Physical Education and Health, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang, China. FAU - Ge, Renkai AU - Ge R AD - The School of Physical Education and Health, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260803 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Nutr JT - Frontiers in nutrition JID - 101642264 PMC - PMC13477887 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Shandong Province OT - childhood obesity OT - lifestyle behaviors OT - overweight OT - risk factors COIS- XP was employed by Jafron Biomedical Co., Ltd. The remaining author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/18 07:46 MHDA- 2026/08/18 07:47 PMCR- 2026/08/03 CRDT- 2026/08/18 04:24 PHST- 2026/04/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/18 07:47 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/18 07:46 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/18 04:24 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1853192 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Nutr. 2026 Aug 3;13:1853192. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1853192. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42608598 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260818 LR - 20260923 IS - 1432-1076 (Electronic) IS - 0340-6199 (Print) IS - 0340-6199 (Linking) VI - 185 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Aug 18 TI - Gross motor function, functional level, physical performance, and muscle strength in preschool children newly diagnosed with cancer: Data from the RePlay trial. LID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07333-3 [doi] LID - 674 AB - Children with cancer experience treatment-related physical disruptions; however, these disruptions for preschool children newly diagnosed with cancer are poorly characterized. This study aimed to quantify gross motor function, functional level, physical performance, and muscle strength in preschool children aged 1-5 years newly diagnosed with cancer, and to compare these with age-expected normative values. This cross-sectional study includes data from the baseline assessment of 83 children (49% girls, 39 +/- 16 months old) enrolled in the Rehabilitation including structured active Play for preschoolers with cancer (RePlay) trial. Gross motor function was evaluated using the Peabody Developmental Motor Scales-Second Edition (PDMS-2); functional level was assessed using the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI); physical performance was assessed using the 6-min walk test; and muscle strength was assessed using the KLS Martin Vigorimeter for handgrip strength. Mean gross motor quotient was 78.9 [95% CI: 73.6-84.2], indicating poor overall performance; 76% of the children performed below average or worse. Most children had difficulties with locomotion, with a mean standard score of 5.7 [95% CI: 4.8-6.6], indicating poor performance; 81% of the children performed below average or worse. PEDI mobility data were available for 83 children, with a mean normative standard score of 23.2 [95% CI: 20.0-26.3], indicating decreased functional level; 69% of the children scored below average. Mean handgrip strength was below average compared to healthy children; 0.17 [95% CI: 0.12-0.22]. CONCLUSION: These results show that preschoolers newly diagnosed with cancer have gross motor function, functional level, and muscle strength impairments, underlining the importance of targeted physical rehabilitation. CLINICALTRIALS: gov: NCT04672681. WHAT IS KNOWN: * Research has shown that children newly diagnosed with cancer have markedly impaired muscle strength, cardiorespiratory fitness, physical performance, and gross motor functions. * Gross motor function development is fundamentally important for preschoolers. However, research on gross motor function in children with cancer is limited, and existing studies often include broad age ranges (1-18 years), hindering clear evidence specific to preschoolers aged 1-5 years. WHAT IS NEW: * Preschool children newly diagnosed with cancer have clinically significant impairments of gross motor function and functional level. * Data on physical performance and muscle strength are limited, indicating poor feasibility for preschoolers with cancer. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Pouplier, Anna AU - Pouplier A AD - Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Juliane Marie Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark. anna.pouplier@regionh.dk. FAU - Christensen, Jan AU - Christensen J AD - Department of Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Schmidt-Andersen, Peter AU - Schmidt-Andersen P AD - Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Juliane Marie Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Winther, Helle AU - Winther H AD - Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Larsen, Hanne Baekgaard AU - Larsen HB AD - Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Juliane Marie Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark. AD - Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Fridh, Martin Kaj AU - Fridh MK AD - Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Juliane Marie Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT04672681 PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20260818 PL - Germany TA - Eur J Pediatr JT - European journal of pediatrics JID - 7603873 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Child, Preschool MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - *Muscle Strength/physiology MH - Infant MH - *Physical Functional Performance MH - *Neoplasms/physiopathology/complications MH - *Motor Skills/physiology MH - Disability Evaluation PMC - PMC13481491 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cancer OT - Functional level OT - Gross motor function OT - Handgrip strength OT - Newly diagnosed OT - Physical performance OT - Preschoolers COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki II. The Regional Research Ethics Committee in the Capital Region of Denmark approved the RePlay trial (jr.nr.: H-20023949), and the Danish Data Protection Agency approved the handling of data (jr. nr.: P-2020-290). Consent to participate: Informed parental consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/08/18 07:46 MHDA- 2026/08/18 07:47 PMCR- 2026/08/18 CRDT- 2026/08/18 00:11 PHST- 2026/05/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/18 07:47 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/18 07:46 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/18 00:11 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07333-3 [pii] AID - 7333 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07333-3 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Eur J Pediatr. 2026 Aug 18;185(9):674. doi: 10.1007/s00431-026-07333-3. PMID- 42607051 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260817 LR - 20260902 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 8 DP - 2026 TI - The COCCOS study: A protocol for a multicentric quasi-experimental study of a healthcare transition program for young people with chronic conditions. PG - e0353932 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0353932 [doi] LID - e0353932 AB - INTRODUCTION: The growing number of adolescents and young adults (AYAs) living with chronic conditions highlights the need for effective healthcare transition programmes (TPs) to support the transfer from paediatric to adult care. Despite existing recommendations, many AYAs experience inadequate preparation, resulting in disrupted care and adverse health outcomes. The COCCOS project developed a co-designed TP to address these challenges. This study presents the protocol for an evaluation of this programme. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: A multicentric quasi-experimental pretest-posttest study will be conducted in two Belgian university hospitals. AYAs aged 17-18 years with type 1 diabetes, asthma, or obesity will be recruited into an intervention group receiving the COCCOS TP or a control group receiving usual care. The intervention consists of four structured consultations over 13-16 months, focusing on transition preparation, autonomy, and continuity of care. Primary outcome is transition readiness, measured using the Transition Readiness Assessment Questionnaire. Secondary outcomes include patient empowerment, medication adherence, health-related quality of life, and mental health. Data will be collected at baseline, transfer, and four months post-transfer. Cost-effectiveness will be assessed from a healthcare payer perspective using quality-adjusted life years. A mixed-methods process evaluation will examine implementation fidelity, acceptability, and contextual factors through observations, surveys, and interviews. The study is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov under identifier NCT07145671. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: This study will provide comprehensive evidence on the feasibility, preliminary effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, and implementation of a co-designed TP in real-world clinical practice. By integrating clinical, economic, and process outcomes, it addresses key gaps in transitional care research. Findings will inform refinement of the programme and the design of a future large-scale trial, contributing to the development of sustainable, patient-centred transition care for AYAs with chronic conditions. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Van Wilder et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Van Wilder, Lisa AU - Van Wilder L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4394-2623 AD - Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. FAU - Janssens, Natwarin AU - Janssens N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4821-5444 AD - Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. AD - Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium. FAU - Van Hoorenbeeck, Kim AU - Van Hoorenbeeck K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8812-4440 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium. AD - Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium. FAU - Vanden Wyngaert, Karsten AU - Vanden Wyngaert K AD - Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium. FAU - Goossens, Eva AU - Goossens E AD - Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. AD - Department of Patient Care, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium. FAU - De Smedt, Delphine AU - De Smedt D AD - Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT07145671 PT - Clinical Trial Protocol PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260817 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - Asthma/therapy MH - Belgium MH - Chronic Disease/therapy MH - Cost-Benefit Analysis MH - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/therapy MH - Obesity/therapy MH - Quality of Life MH - *Transition to Adult Care MH - Non-Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic MH - Multicenter Studies as Topic PMC - PMC13480643 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/08/17 17:45 MHDA- 2026/08/17 17:46 PMCR- 2026/08/17 CRDT- 2026/08/17 13:33 PHST- 2026/06/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/17 17:46 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/17 17:45 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/17 13:33 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-26-23316 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0353932 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 Aug 17;21(8):e0353932. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0353932. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42606737 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260817 LR - 20261008 IS - 1437-9813 (Electronic) IS - 0179-0358 (Linking) VI - 42 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Aug 17 TI - Challenging the size: ovarian-sparing surgery in borderline huge pediatric ovarian tumors. LID - 344 [pii] LID - 10.1007/s00383-026-06582-5 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Huge ovarian tumors in paediatric patients pose a surgical challenge, particularly in distinguishing tumor margins from ovarian parenchyma. While ovarian preservation is recommended for benign masses, concerns about tumor size may limit its application. This study evaluates the feasibility and outcomes of ovarian-sparing surgery (OSS) in children with giant ovarian tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was realize on girls (< 18 years) who underwent surgery for ovarian masses with cystic lesions >/= 8 cm in our department (2009-2019). We included all patients classified O-RADS 3 and 4, and excluded O-RADS 5 in those OSS is contraindicated. Data on clinical presentation, imaging, tumor characteristics, surgical approach, histopathology, and follow-up were collected. Patients were categorized into two groups: OSS and oophorectomy (OV). RESULTS: Thirty patients (mean age: 13 years, range 3-17) were treated, including one with bilateral tumors. Palpable abdominal mass was the most common symptom (33.3%). The median tumor diameter was 148 mm (range 80-350 mm); 16 were purely cystic, 15 had mixed components, and 4 had calcifications. Tumor markers were negative except in 2 cases. Histology confirmed all tumors were benign (17 teratomas, 12 cystadenomas, 2 functional cysts). CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Mariani, Aurora AU - Mariani A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6346-1259 AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France. auroramariani@hotmail.it. AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Centre Hospitalo Universitaire, 4 rue Larrey, 49000, Angers, France. auroramariani@hotmail.it. FAU - Fiorenza, Venusia AU - Fiorenza V AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Gaslini Children Hospital, Genova, Italy. FAU - Hameury, Frederic AU - Hameury F AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hopital Femme Mere Enfant, Bron, France. FAU - Goulin, Jeanne AU - Goulin J AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hopital Femme Mere Enfant, Bron, France. FAU - Dijoud, Frederique AU - Dijoud F AD - Department of Pathology, Hopital Femme Mere Enfant, Bron, France. FAU - Gorduza, Daniela AU - Gorduza D AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, St Etienne University Hospital, St Etienne, France. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260817 PL - Germany TA - Pediatr Surg Int JT - Pediatric surgery international JID - 8609169 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Ovarian Neoplasms/surgery/pathology MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - *Organ Sparing Treatments/methods MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Ovariectomy/methods MH - Feasibility Studies MH - Tumor Burden MH - Ovary/surgery OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent gynaecology OT - Fertility issues. OT - Ovarian sparing surgery OT - Ovarian tumor COIS- Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors have no conflicts of interest relevant to this article. EDAT- 2026/08/17 17:45 MHDA- 2026/08/17 17:46 CRDT- 2026/08/17 11:15 PHST- 2026/05/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/17 17:46 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/17 17:45 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/17 11:15 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00383-026-06582-5 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00383-026-06582-5 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Pediatr Surg Int. 2026 Aug 17;42(1):344. doi: 10.1007/s00383-026-06582-5. PMID- 42606340 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260921 LR - 20260921 IS - 1939-327X (Electronic) IS - 0012-1797 (Linking) VI - 75 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct 1 TI - Body Composition-Driven Phenotyping Reveals Obesity and Cardiometabolic Heterogeneity in Children Using a Tree-Like Representation. PG - 1810-1822 LID - 10.2337/db26-0136 [doi] AB - Traditional measures such as BMI do not fully capture obesity-related metabolic risks. Here, we examined DXA-derived body composition patterns in children (n = 11,238) using the discriminative dimensionality reduction tree algorithm, which was validated in an independent cohort (n = 2,001). The tree structure revealed a continuous landscape of body composition phenotypes, with distinct spatial gradients for fat and lean mass. Within the phenotypic tree, fat-dominant phenotypes clustered in the region of low dimension 1 and low dimension 2 (corresponding to the lower left branches), where they demonstrated significant spatial overlap with high-risk clusters for hypertension, elevated LDL cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol, and triglycerides (TG) (Moran I >0.3, all P < 0.001). Meanwhile, phenotypes characterized by elevated lean mass coupled with increased adiposity were localized in the region of low dimension 1 and high dimension 2 (upper left branches), demonstrating an increased risk of low HDL-C and high TG (Moran I >0.6, all P < 0.001). In contrast, lean-dominant phenotypes clustered in the region of high dimension 1 and high dimension 2 (upper right branches), which were associated with a relatively low risk of hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and high LDL-C (Moran I >0.1, all P < 0.001). For practical utility, we developed a publicly available web application to map individual data on the reference tree architecture, allowing for assessment of cardiometabolic risk. Our findings highlight the value of more precise body composition measures for early identification and prevention of obesity-related health problems. ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS: Childhood obesity shows large differences in body composition and health risk that are not well captured by BMI or simple metabolic classifications, prompting the need for more precise characterization. This study aimed to determine whether a data-driven framework integrating detailed body composition measures could better describe obesity-related phenotypic heterogeneity and its relationship with cardiometabolic risk in children. We delineated a continuous body composition manifold encompassing fat-dominant, lean-dominant, and concomitant high-mass phenotypes, which captured diverging cardiometabolic risk trajectories and yielded modest incremental improvements in risk prediction. These findings support more precise risk stratification and provide a practical tool to improve early identification and prevention of obesity-related health complications in children. CI - (c) 2026 by the American Diabetes Association. FAU - Xiao, Pei AU - Xiao P AD - Center for Non-communicable Disease Management, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China. FAU - Cheng, Hong AU - Cheng H AD - Department of Epidemiology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China. FAU - Xiong, Jingfan AU - Xiong J AD - Child and Adolescent Chronic Disease Prevention and Control Department, Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Guangdong, China. FAU - Yan, Yinkun AU - Yan Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7758-744X AD - Center for Non-communicable Disease Management, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China. FAU - Liu, Junting AU - Liu J AD - Child Health Big Data Research Center, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University and Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China. FAU - Liu, Li AU - Liu L AD - School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Dong, Hongbo AU - Dong H AD - Center for Non-communicable Disease Management, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China. FAU - Li, Yan AU - Li Y AD - Child and Adolescent Chronic Disease Prevention and Control Department, Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Guangdong, China. FAU - Ye, Peiyu AU - Ye P AD - Center for Non-communicable Disease Management, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China. FAU - Fu, Liwan AU - Fu L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7851-6379 AD - Center for Non-communicable Disease Management, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China. FAU - Gao, Liwang AU - Gao L AD - School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. FAU - Chen, Fangfang AU - Chen F AD - Department of Epidemiology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China. FAU - Shan, Xinying AU - Shan X AD - Department of Epidemiology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China. FAU - Lan, Lina AU - Lan L AD - Child and Adolescent Chronic Disease Prevention and Control Department, Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Guangdong, China. FAU - Li, Yanyan AU - Li Y AD - Child and Adolescent Chronic Disease Prevention and Control Department, Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Guangdong, China. FAU - Mi, Jie AU - Mi J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0630-8447 AD - Center for Non-communicable Disease Management, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China. LA - eng GR - L259068/Beijing Natural Science Foundation/ GR - 82204061/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - 82373589/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - SZSM 202311020/Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen/ GR - CFH 2026-4G-2097/Capital's Funds for Health Improvement and Research/ PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Diabetes JT - Diabetes JID - 0372763 RN - 0 (Triglycerides) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Body Composition/physiology MH - Phenotype MH - Child MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Obesity MH - Body Mass Index MH - Absorptiometry, Photon MH - Algorithms MH - Triglycerides/blood MH - Adolescent MH - Adiposity/physiology EDAT- 2026/08/17 11:40 MHDA- 2026/09/21 17:47 CRDT- 2026/08/17 09:53 PHST- 2026/02/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/21 17:47 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/17 11:40 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/17 09:53 [entrez] AID - 172389 [pii] AID - 10.2337/db26-0136 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Diabetes. 2026 Oct 1;75(10):1810-1822. doi: 10.2337/db26-0136. PMID- 42604984 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260817 LR - 20260817 IS - 1117-1936 (Print) VI - 33 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Sep 1 TI - Luteinising Hormone-to-follicle-stimulating Hormone Ratio for Predicting Unexplained Infertility in Patients with Hypovitaminosis D. PG - 574-578 LID - 10.4103/npmj.npmj_638_25 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Hypovitaminosis D critically influences reproductive hormones in women of reproductive age. The luteinising hormone (LH)/follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) ratio predicts poor ovulatory response. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the correlation between the LH/FSH ratio and hypovitaminosis D as a predictor of unexplained infertility in women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was a cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection spanning 2 years, from January 2023 to December 2024, conducted in the Fertility and Gynecology of El Assrar Center of Oran (Algeria). Patients were segregated into the following groups (deficient group vs. insufficient group vs. sufficient group). RESULTS: During the study period, 200 patients were admitted. Hypovitaminosis D status was observed in 44.5%. The mean age was 32.24 +/- 6.39 years (range: 18-47). In the deficient group, serum LH concentrations were markedly lower compared to the insufficient and sufficient groups (LH = 5.80 +/- 3.31 UI/L vs. 8.83 +/- 6.90 UI/L vs. 6.48 +/- 4.00 UI/L, P = 0.018; respectively). In contrast, the LH/FSH ratio was statistically higher in the deficient group compared to the insufficient and sufficient groups (LH/FSH ratio = 1.67 +/- 1.88 vs. 0.94 +/- 0.59 vs. 1.02 +/- 0.64, P = 0.018; respectively). In addition, the results revealed that the 4th quartile (odds ratios = 11.37 [4.13-22.00], P = 0.021) of LH/FSH ratio was statistically higher in patients with Vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency. The LH/FSH ratio was a significant predictor for unexplained infertility with a diagnostic accuracy of 0.724. CONCLUSIONS: Elevated LH/FSH ratio in women with hypovitaminosis D is significantly linked to unexplained infertility. Therefore, the LH/FSH ratio can serve as a reliable clinical marker for predicting successful pregnancy when evaluated alongside Vitamin D levels. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Nigerian Postgraduate Medical Journal. FAU - Hamri, Walid Hassene AU - Hamri WH AD - Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Mustapha Stambouli University, Mascara, Algeria. AD - Laboratory of Nutrition, Pathology, Agro-Biotechnology, and Health, Sidi-Bel-Abbes, Algeria. FAU - Chenni, Fatima Zohra AU - Chenni FZ AD - Department of Biology, Biotoxicology Laboratory, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Djillali Liabes University, Sidi-Bel-Abbes, Algeria. FAU - Mirali, Chahnez Hadj Slimane AU - Mirali CHS AD - Fertility and Gynecology of Makhzan El Assrar Center, Oran, Algeria. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260817 PL - Nigeria TA - Niger Postgrad Med J JT - The Nigerian postgraduate medical journal JID - 9613595 RN - 9002-67-9 (Luteinizing Hormone) RN - 9002-68-0 (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) RN - 1406-16-2 (Vitamin D) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Vitamin D Deficiency/complications/blood MH - *Luteinizing Hormone/blood MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adult MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Infertility, Female/blood/etiology/diagnosis MH - *Follicle Stimulating Hormone/blood MH - Middle Aged MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - Vitamin D/blood MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - Predictive Value of Tests OTO - NOTNLM OT - Hypovitaminosis D OT - luteinising hormone/follicle-stimulating hormone ratio OT - reproductive hormones OT - unexplained infertility EDAT- 2026/08/17 05:38 MHDA- 2026/08/17 05:39 CRDT- 2026/08/17 00:04 PHST- 2025/11/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/17 05:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/17 05:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/17 00:04 [entrez] AID - 00130415-202609000-00004 [pii] AID - 10.4103/npmj.npmj_638_25 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Niger Postgrad Med J. 2026 Sep 1;33(5):574-578. doi: 10.4103/npmj.npmj_638_25. Epub 2026 Aug 17. PMID- 42603809 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260815 IS - 1530-0447 (Electronic) IS - 0031-3998 (Linking) DP - 2026 Aug 15 TI - Associations of mental health with subsequent weight development during a 4-year follow-up in adolescence. LID - 10.1038/s41390-026-05361-1 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Although obesity and mental health problems represent two of the most pressing public health challenges, their developmental interplay remains insufficiently understood. Thus, we examined how depressive and anxiety symptoms, self-esteem, and psychological resilience are associated with weight development during adolescence. METHODS: We included 1280 11-year-old children from the Finnish Health in Teens cohort, following 814 of them for 4.3 years. Mental health was assessed with validated self-administered scales at age 11. Psychological resilience was determined by complete mental health after exposure to stressful life events. Body mass index z-score (BMIz) and waist-to-height ratio (WtHr) were calculated at ages 11 and 16. RESULTS: In models adjusted for sex, age, physical activity, dietary pattern, puberty status, caregivers' BMI and education level, depressive symptoms were associated with higher baseline BMIz but smaller increases in mean BMIz thereafter (p = 0.030). High self-esteem was associated with lower baseline BMIz, yet with steeper increases over follow-up (adjusted model, p = 0.021). Anxiety symptoms and resilience were not associated with BMIz after adjustments. Similar patterns were observed for WtHr. CONCLUSION: Findings highlight that mental health is associated with physical growth in adolescence, emphasizing the need to consider mental health in understanding and addressing patterns of weight development and their underlying dynamics. IMPACT: This study provides up-to-date, longitudinal evidence on how mental health shapes subsequent weight development during the critical and rapid growth period of adolescence. Both positive and negative dimensions of mental health play a role in shaping adolescent weight development, with evidence that some youths experiencing mental health difficulties exhibited smaller increases in BMI z-score, even when starting from a higher baseline BMI. It should be acknowledged that in contemporary society, adolescents with mental health difficulties may not necessarily present immediate excessive weight gain but instead follow stable or even declining weight trajectories. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Ankkuri, Emilia AU - Ankkuri E AD - Folkhalsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland. AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. FAU - Lommi, Sohvi AU - Lommi S AD - Folkhalsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland. AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. FAU - Granroth-Wilding, Hanna AU - Granroth-Wilding H AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. FAU - Lahti, Jari AU - Lahti J AD - Folkhalsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland. AD - Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. FAU - Viljakainen, Heli AU - Viljakainen H AD - Folkhalsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland. heli.viljakainen@helsinki.fi. AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. heli.viljakainen@helsinki.fi. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260815 PL - United States TA - Pediatr Res JT - Pediatric research JID - 0100714 SB - IM COIS- Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Informed consent: Written informed consent was obtained from Finnish Health in Teens participating adolescents and their caregivers. EDAT- 2026/08/16 05:35 MHDA- 2026/08/16 05:35 CRDT- 2026/08/15 23:28 PHST- 2025/09/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/16 05:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/16 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/15 23:28 [entrez] AID - 10.1038/s41390-026-05361-1 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41390-026-05361-1 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Pediatr Res. 2026 Aug 15. doi: 10.1038/s41390-026-05361-1. PMID- 42602124 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260815 LR - 20260816 IS - 2168-8184 (Print) IS - 2168-8184 (Electronic) IS - 2168-8184 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Evaluation of a Caregiver-Completed Questionnaire for Assessing Early Childhood Caries Risk: A Cross-Sectional Study. PG - e112685 LID - 10.7759/cureus.112685 [doi] LID - e112685 AB - Introduction Early childhood caries (ECC) is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases affecting preschool children worldwide and can adversely affect oral health, nutrition, growth, and quality of life. Early identification of children at risk is essential for implementing timely preventive interventions. Caregiver-completed screening tools may offer a simple and cost-effective approach to identifying children who require further dental evaluation. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of a self-developed, caregiver-completed questionnaire for identifying ECC among preschool children, using clinical examination as the reference standard. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 150 caregiver-child dyads, including children aged 3-6 years. Caregivers completed a self-developed, 15-item questionnaire covering feeding practices, dietary habits, oral hygiene practices, dental history, and caregiver-related factors. Content validation was performed by an expert panel, followed by pilot testing and reliability assessment. All children subsequently underwent a clinical examination for the diagnosis of ECC. Internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to determine the optimal questionnaire cutoff score. Sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, likelihood ratios, area under the curve (AUC), and Cohen's kappa were calculated. Results Clinical examination identified ECC in 90 (60.0%) children, while 60 (40.0%) children did not have ECC. Questionnaire scores were significantly higher among children with ECC (19.4 +/- 4.6) than among those without ECC (10.2 +/- 3.8; p < 0.001). The questionnaire demonstrated good internal consistency, with an overall Cronbach's alpha of 0.86. ROC curve analysis revealed an AUC of 0.884 (95% CI: 0.830-0.938). The optimal cutoff score was >/=15, yielding a sensitivity of 82.2%, specificity of 86.7%, positive predictive value of 90.2%, and negative predictive value of 76.5%. The positive and negative likelihood ratios were 6.17 and 0.205, respectively. Agreement analysis demonstrated an observed agreement of 84.0% and a Cohen's kappa coefficient of 0.672, indicating substantial agreement with the clinical diagnosis. Conclusion The caregiver-completed ECC questionnaire demonstrated good reliability, substantial agreement with clinical examination findings, and good diagnostic performance as a screening tool. The questionnaire may serve as a simple, non-invasive, and cost-effective tool for the early identification of children with or at risk of ECC and may facilitate timely preventive interventions in community and clinical settings. CI - Copyright (c) 2026, Gunnam et al. FAU - Gunnam, Divya Sree AU - Gunnam DS AD - Department of Public Health, Master of Public Health, University of New Haven, West Haven, USA. FAU - Ravikumar, Akshitha AU - Ravikumar A AD - Department of Public Health Dentistry, Panineeya Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Hyderabad, IND. FAU - Chokshi, Akshat A AU - Chokshi AA AD - Department of Dentistry, Taunton Village Dental, Oshawa, CAN. FAU - Chauhan, Sameer AU - Chauhan S AD - Department of Prosthodontics, K. M. Shah Dental College and Hospital, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Vadodara, IND. FAU - Sreedhar, Gayathri AU - Sreedhar G AD - Department of Public Health Dentistry, Azeezia College of Dental Sciences and Research, Adichanalloor, IND. FAU - Kumar B, Prashanth AU - Kumar B P AD - Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Tirumala Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Nizamabad, IND. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260714 PL - United States TA - Cureus JT - Cureus JID - 101596737 PMC - PMC13473709 OTO - NOTNLM OT - caregivers OT - dental caries risk assessment OT - early childhood caries OT - oral health screening OT - questionnaires COIS- Human subjects: Informed consent for treatment and open access publication was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Institutional Ethics Committee, Azeezia College of Dental Sciences and Research, Kollam, Kerala, India issued approval AEC/2022/29. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work. EDAT- 2026/08/15 13:47 MHDA- 2026/08/15 13:48 PMCR- 2026/07/14 CRDT- 2026/08/15 05:11 PHST- 2026/07/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/15 13:48 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/15 13:47 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/15 05:11 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.7759/cureus.112685 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cureus. 2026 Jul 14;18(7):e112685. doi: 10.7759/cureus.112685. eCollection 2026 Jul. PMID- 42602011 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260815 LR - 20260816 IS - 1664-0640 (Print) IS - 1664-0640 (Electronic) IS - 1664-0640 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Analysis of influencing factors and nomogram of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in school-age children. PG - 1830784 LID - 10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1830784 [doi] LID - 1830784 AB - INTRODUCTION: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder in school-aged children (6-13 years) that can lead to significant functional impairment if not identified early. This study aims to identify factors associated with ADHD among school-age children and evaluate the predictive value of a risk nomogram. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study including 155 school-age children diagnosed with ADHD at the Minhang District Mental Health Centre (Shanghai) between June 2022 and May 2025, and 155 age-matched healthy controls who underwent physical examination during the same period. Clinical and demographic data were collected via standardized questionnaires. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors, and a nomogram prediction model was constructed. Model performance was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), calibration plots, and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test. RESULTS: Multivariate logistic analysis identified maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy (OR = 6.975), maternal smoking during pregnancy (OR = 3.785), maternal anxiety and depression during pregnancy (OR = 3.826), family history of ADHD (OR = 9.449), parental violence (OR = 3.369), difficulty falling asleep (OR = 7.317), and daily screen time >/= 2 hours (OR = 1.755) as independent risk factors for ADHD. Family harmony was identified as a protective factor (OR = 0.455). The nomogram prediction model demonstrated good discriminative ability with an AUC of 0.817 (95% CI: 0.769-0.864) at a cut-off value of logit(P) > 0.471. The model showed satisfactory calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow test, P = 0.355) with a sensitivity of 75.48% and specificity of 76.77%. DISCUSSION: ADHD in school-age children is influenced by multiple factors, including prenatal exposures, family environment, sleep patterns, and daily screen time. The nomogram prediction model developed in this study demonstrates good predictive performance and may serve as a preliminary tool for early identification of at-risk children, though external validation is needed before clinical implementation. These findings highlight the importance of targeted preventive interventions addressing modifiable risk factors, particularly focusing on prenatal care, family harmony, sleep hygiene, and screen time management, to reduce the probability of ADHD in school-age children. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Li, Zhang, Jiang, Tao, Wang and Jin. FAU - Li, Bo AU - Li B AD - Shanghai Minhang District Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China. FAU - Zhang, Wei Bo AU - Zhang WB AD - Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China. FAU - Jiang, Chao AU - Jiang C AD - Shanghai Minhang District Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China. FAU - Tao, Jing AU - Tao J AD - Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China. FAU - Wang, Li Na AU - Wang LN AD - Shanghai Minhang District Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China. FAU - Jin, Jin AU - Jin J AD - Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260731 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Psychiatry JT - Frontiers in psychiatry JID - 101545006 PMC - PMC13473084 OTO - NOTNLM OT - ADHD OT - nomogram OT - prediction model OT - risk factors OT - school-aged children COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/15 05:36 MHDA- 2026/08/15 05:37 PMCR- 2026/07/31 CRDT- 2026/08/15 04:59 PHST- 2026/03/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/15 05:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/15 05:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/15 04:59 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1830784 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Psychiatry. 2026 Jul 31;17:1830784. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1830784. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42601769 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260815 LR - 20260819 IS - 1536-5964 (Electronic) IS - 0025-7974 (Print) IS - 0025-7974 (Linking) VI - 105 IP - 33 DP - 2026 Aug 14 TI - Central adiposity reflected by the weight-adjusted waist index and spirometric parameters in US children and adolescents: A cross-sectional analysis of NHANES 2007 to 2012. PG - e50200 LID - 10.1097/MD.0000000000050200 [doi] LID - e50200 AB - Obesity impairs pulmonary function. This study aimed to investigate the potential relationship between the weight-adjusted waist index (WWI), a novel metric for measuring adiposity, and pulmonary function in children and adolescents. This cross-sectional study used extensive data on WWI and pulmonary function metrics from the 2007 to 2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The WWI calculation entails dividing waist circumference (cm) by the square root of weight (kg). Z-scores for each lung function measure were derived from Global Lung Function Initiative references. We employed a weighted multivariate logistic regression model to ascertain the association between lung function and WWI. The application of smooth curve fitting validated the linearity of the relationships. Subgroup analysis and evaluation of interactions were conducted as well. Across all statistical models, no significant association was observed between WWI and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) z-score. However, WWI demonstrated a significant positive correlation with forced vital capacity (FVC) z-score. Importantly, a significant negative correlation was consistently found between WWI and FEV1/FVC z-score. In the model with all adjustments, each unit rise in WWI was associated with a decrease of 0.395 in FEV1/FVC z-score (beta = -0.395, 95% confidence interval: -0.496, -0.295) and an increase of 0.292 in FVC z-score (beta = 0.292, 95% confidence interval: 0.186, 0.398). This study finds a significant negative association between WWI and FEV1/FVC z-score. This highlights the necessity for sustained WWI surveillance to guide public health initiatives. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, LLC. FAU - Wu, Meijuan AU - Wu M AD - Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Sanming, Sanming, Fujian Province, PR China. FAU - Xie, Qihua AU - Xie Q FAU - Zhang, Aimei AU - Zhang A FAU - Lin, Yongping AU - Lin Y LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Medicine (Baltimore) JT - Medicine JID - 2985248R SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adolescent MH - Nutrition Surveys MH - Female MH - Child MH - United States/epidemiology MH - Male MH - *Waist Circumference/physiology MH - Spirometry MH - Forced Expiratory Volume/physiology MH - Vital Capacity/physiology MH - *Obesity, Abdominal/physiopathology/epidemiology MH - *Adiposity/physiology PMC - PMC13480898 OTO - NOTNLM OT - NHANES OT - children and adolescents OT - obesity OT - pulmonary function OT - weight-adjusted waist index COIS- The authors have no funding and conflicts of interest to declare. EDAT- 2026/08/15 05:36 MHDA- 2026/08/15 05:37 PMCR- 2026/08/14 CRDT- 2026/08/15 01:00 PHST- 2026/01/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/15 05:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/15 05:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/15 01:00 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 00005792-202608140-00097 [pii] AID - MD-D-26-01188 [pii] AID - 10.1097/MD.0000000000050200 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Medicine (Baltimore). 2026 Aug 14;105(33):e50200. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000050200. PMID- 42601187 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260928 IS - 1468-6244 (Electronic) IS - 0022-2593 (Print) IS - 0022-2593 (Linking) DP - 2026 Aug 14 TI - Childhood-onset neurodegeneration and brain atrophy: defining UBTF-related developmental regression and progressive ataxia. LID - jmg-2025-111356 [pii] LID - 10.1136/jmg-2025-111356 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The heterozygous variant c.628G>A (p.Glu210Lys) in UBTF (upstream binding transcription factor) causes childhood-onset neurodegeneration with brain atrophy (CONDBA) (OMIM # 600673), characterised by early normal or mildly delayed development followed by regression, with individuals frequently experiencing movement disorders. This study defines the natural history of this rare disorder and explores potential biomarkers in humans and mice. METHODS: Caregivers of individuals with CONDBA completed cross-sectional surveys detailing genetic, developmental and clinical features. Patients evaluated in a neurogenetics clinic underwent Brief Ataxia Rating Scale (BARS) assessments compared with remotely collected wrist and ankle accelerometry data. Neurofilament light chain (NFL) levels were assessed in the clinic cohort and in a Ubtf E210K knock-in mouse model. RESULTS: All 11 caregiver surveys reported onset of neurodevelopmental regression (median 3.5 years, range 0.5-5 years), at times following anaesthesia or illness and 82% developed ataxia. Motor activity data from five participants (median 11.8 years, range 8.1-12.5 years) had high test-retest reliability, correlated with ataxia severity as measured by the BARS, and showed declines across multiple measures over the study period. NFL was abnormally elevated in both humans and the mouse model. CONCLUSION: UBTF-related CONDBA presents with early normal or mildly delayed development followed by regression and progressive ataxia. Wearable accelerometers provide a reliable measure of disease severity, and elevated NFL may serve as a biomarker of neuronal injury in both humans and animal models. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ Group. FAU - Nagy, Amanda AU - Nagy A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8116-4805 AD - Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA anagy2@mgb.org. FAU - Luddy, Anna AU - Luddy A AD - Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Molay, Francine AU - Molay F AD - Division of Clinical Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - McLaughlin, Haley AU - McLaughlin H AD - Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - De La Rosa Abreu, Lizbeth AU - De La Rosa Abreu L AD - Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Becker, Catherine AU - Becker C AD - Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Terrey, Markus AU - Terrey M AD - Rare Disease Translational Center, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, USA. FAU - Lutz, Cathleen M AU - Lutz CM AD - Rare Disease Translational Center, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, USA. AD - JAX Center for Precision Genetics, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, USA. FAU - Gupta, Anoopum AU - Gupta A AD - Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Eichler, Florian S AU - Eichler FS AD - Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. LA - eng GR - R01 NS134597/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States GR - U42 OD010921/OD/NIH HHS/United States GR - U54 NS115052/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States GR - U54 OD030187/OD/NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260814 PL - England TA - J Med Genet JT - Journal of medical genetics JID - 2985087R SB - IM PMC - PMC13614006 MID - NIHMS2209294 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Central Nervous System Diseases OT - Cerebellar Diseases OT - Movement Disorders OT - Neurodegenerative Diseases OT - Pediatrics COIS- Competing interests: For the methods for extracting and characterising submovements from wearable sensor data, a PCT (US2022/081374) was filed on 12 December 2022, titled 'System and method for clinical disorder assessment'. An earlier US Provisional Application (Serial No. 63/288,619) was filed on 12 December 2021. The patent applicant is the institution (Massachusetts General Hospital) and inventor is AG. EDAT- 2026/08/14 23:37 MHDA- 2026/08/14 23:37 PMCR- 2026/09/25 CRDT- 2026/08/14 21:23 PHST- 2025/11/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/14 23:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/14 23:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/14 21:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jmg-2025-111356 [pii] AID - 10.1136/jmg-2025-111356 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - J Med Genet. 2026 Aug 14:jmg-2025-111356. doi: 10.1136/jmg-2025-111356. PMID- 42600838 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260909 LR - 20260909 IS - 1095-9319 (Electronic) IS - 0026-2862 (Linking) VI - 168 DP - 2026 Nov TI - Evaluation of retinochoroidal microvascular parameters and biochemical markers in childhood obesity. PG - 105002 LID - S0026-2862(26)00102-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.mvr.2026.105002 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: To evaluate retinochoroidal microvascular changes and their association with biochemical parameters in children with obesity. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 100 children aged 6-15 years (50 obese, 50 normal weight). Retinal parameters superficial and deep capillary plexuses (SCP, DCP), choriocapillaris (CC), foveal avascular zone (FAZ), ganglion cell layer (GCL), and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) were assessed using OCT and OCTA. Biochemical measures, including HDL, LDL, triglycerides, glucose, insulin, and blood pressure, were recorded. Associations between vascular density and biochemical variables were analyzed using regression analysis. RESULTS: Obese children showed a significantly smaller FAZ area than controls (262.11 +/- 60.33 mum(2) vs 316.47 +/- 67.09 mum(2), p < 0.001). RNFL thickness was significantly reduced in the central region (9.35 +/- 5.51 mum vs 11.25 +/- 4.65 mum, p = 0.041). GCL thickness was significantly lower in the temporal (81.55 +/- 10.07 mum vs 87.42 +/- 9.81 mum, p = 0.022) and inferior regions (85.73 +/- 13.29 mum vs 92.69 +/- 10.06 mum, p = 0.028). No significant differences were observed in SCP, DCP, or CC vessel densities. Foveal SCP and DCP vessel densities were negatively associated with systolic blood pressure and positively associated with HDL cholesterol. CONCLUSIONS: Childhood obesity is associated with FAZ reduction and thinning of retinal neural layers. Retinal microvascular findings may reflect the influence of vascular and metabolic risk factors in pediatric obesity. CI - Copyright (c) 2026. Published by Elsevier Inc. FAU - Bahar, Tevfik Serhat AU - Bahar TS AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Antalya, 07425, Turkey. Electronic address: drserhatbahar@gmail.com. FAU - Bahar, Yasemin Funda AU - Bahar YF AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, 07070, Turkey. Electronic address: yaseminfkorkmaz@gmail.com. FAU - Ocal, Olgar AU - Ocal O AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, 07070, Turkey. Electronic address: ocalolgar@gmail.com. FAU - Cetin, Kursat AU - Cetin K AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, 07070, Turkey. Electronic address: kursat5712@gmail.com. FAU - Kayis, Turgut AU - Kayis T AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, 07070, Turkey. Electronic address: ratumim231@gmail.com. FAU - Tuhan, Hale AU - Tuhan H AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, 07070, Turkey. Electronic address: halenvr@hotmail.com. FAU - Yaprak, Asli Cetinkaya AU - Yaprak AC AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, 07070, Turkey. Electronic address: aslickaya@yahoo.com. FAU - Parlak, Mesut AU - Parlak M AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, 07070, Turkey. Electronic address: mesut.parlak@akdeniz.edu.tr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260814 PL - United States TA - Microvasc Res JT - Microvascular research JID - 0165035 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Blood Glucose) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - Male MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - Adolescent MH - *Retinal Vessels/diagnostic imaging/physiopathology/pathology MH - *Tomography, Optical Coherence MH - *Pediatric Obesity/diagnosis/blood/complications/physiopathology MH - Case-Control Studies MH - *Choroid/blood supply MH - *Microcirculation MH - Age Factors MH - Blood Glucose MH - Risk Factors MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - *Retinal Diseases/etiology/physiopathology/diagnostic imaging/blood/pathology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Biochemical markers OT - Childhood obesity OT - Optical coherence tomography angiography OT - Retinochoroidal microvasculature COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/08/14 23:37 MHDA- 2026/09/09 23:36 CRDT- 2026/08/14 19:20 PHST- 2026/05/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/09 23:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/14 23:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/14 19:20 [entrez] AID - S0026-2862(26)00102-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.mvr.2026.105002 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Microvasc Res. 2026 Nov;168:105002. doi: 10.1016/j.mvr.2026.105002. Epub 2026 Aug 14. PMID- 42600329 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260907 LR - 20260907 IS - 1873-1600 (Electronic) IS - 1466-853X (Linking) VI - 81 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Diagnostic accuracy of patient history and clinical examination to identify pathology in the lumbar spine of elite gymnasts with MRI as the reference standard. PG - 101970 LID - S1466-853X(26)00091-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ptsp.2026.101970 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of patient history and physical examination for diagnosing common causes of low back pain in elite gymnasts, using MRI as the reference standard. DESIGN: Prospective cross-sectional study reported according to STARD guidelines. Index tests were acquired by an experienced musculoskeletal physiotherapist blinded to imaging. MRI scans were independently analysed by two specialist musculoskeletal radiologists. SETTING: MRI centre, Birmingham, UK. PARTICIPANTS: Non-probability consecutive total-population sample of elite gymnasts, regardless of low back pain status. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Sensitivity and specificity of individual index tests and exploratory test clusters. RESULTS: Forty participants consented; 75% had abnormal MRI findings. Most specific findings were 'eased by flexion' and 'erector spinae hypertrophy' for degenerative disc disease, 'erector spinae hypertrophy', 'pain on flexion in standing', and 'pain on extension/left side flexion' for disc herniation, 'pain on flexion in standing' plus 'pain on extension/left side flexion' for pars oedema/spondylolysis; and 'eased by flexion' with the same cluster for spondylolisthesis. CONCLUSIONS: Highly specific index tests and exploratory clusters showed diagnostic accuracy for identifying gymnasts without degenerative disc disease, disc herniation, and pars oedema/spondylolysis. All gymnasts were recruited regardless of low back pain; these findings need to be considered cautiously when applied clinically. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Fawcett, Louise AU - Fawcett L AD - Head of Olympic Performance Support, UK Sports Institute, Lilleshall National Sports Centre, Nr Newport, Shropshire, TF10 9AT, UK; School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, West Midlands, UK. Electronic address: LXF615@student.bham.ac.uk. FAU - Martin, James AU - Martin J AD - Biostatistics, Department of Applied Health Sciences, University of Birmingham, West Midlands, UK. FAU - James, Steven AU - James S AD - School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, West Midlands, UK; Consultant Musculoskeletal Radiologist, Department of Radiology, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, UK. FAU - Soundy, Andrew AU - Soundy A AD - Physiotherapy, School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, West Midlands, UK. FAU - Heneghan, Nicola R AU - Heneghan NR AD - School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, West Midlands, UK. FAU - Rushton, Alison AU - Rushton A AD - School of Physical Therapy, Western University, London, Canada; Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain, School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, West Midlands, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260806 PL - England TA - Phys Ther Sport JT - Physical therapy in sport : official journal of the Association of Chartered Physiotherapists in Sports Medicine JID - 100940513 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Magnetic Resonance Imaging MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - *Gymnastics/injuries MH - *Lumbar Vertebrae/pathology/diagnostic imaging MH - *Low Back Pain/diagnosis/etiology/diagnostic imaging MH - Prospective Studies MH - Male MH - *Physical Examination MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - Adult MH - Sensitivity and Specificity MH - *Medical History Taking MH - Reference Standards MH - Intervertebral Disc Degeneration/diagnosis OTO - NOTNLM OT - Diagnostic accuracy OT - Gymnastics OT - Low back pain OT - MRI COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Louise Fawcett reports financial support was provided by British Society of Skeletal Radiologists. Louise Fawcett reports financial support was provided by Musculoskeletal Association of Chartered Physiotherapists. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/08/14 23:37 MHDA- 2026/09/07 23:34 CRDT- 2026/08/14 18:04 PHST- 2026/05/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/07 23:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/14 23:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/14 18:04 [entrez] AID - S1466-853X(26)00091-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ptsp.2026.101970 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Phys Ther Sport. 2026 Sep;81:101970. doi: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2026.101970. Epub 2026 Aug 6. PMID- 42600070 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260814 LR - 20260816 IS - 2291-9279 (Print) IS - 2291-9279 (Electronic) VI - 14 DP - 2026 Aug 14 TI - Structured Virtual Reality Exergame Intervention in Adolescents With Mild Intellectual Disabilities: Pre-Post Pilot Study on Motor Proficiency and Reaction Time. PG - e95572 LID - 10.2196/95572 [doi] LID - e95572 AB - BACKGROUND: Adolescents with mild intellectual disabilities often exhibit deficits in motor proficiency and neurocognitive processing, which can limit their functional independence. Although virtual reality (VR) exergames provide a motivating platform for physical activity, objective data quantifying their impact on standardized motor scales remain scarce, particularly when implemented through structured pedagogical frameworks. Earlier research established the WISH (warm-up, imitation, settings, half-hour) and WON (warm-up, objective evaluation, no problem!) protocols to facilitate gameplay independence in this population. However, the extent to which this systematic approach translates into measurable clinical motor and reaction time gains requires further investigation. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the effectiveness of a 16-session structured VR exergame intervention, using the WISH and WON protocols, in enhancing motor proficiency and shortening simple reaction time among adolescents with mild intellectual disability. METHODS: A multisession, single-group pretest and posttest pilot design was used. A convenience sample of 8 adolescents (3 males, 5 females; mean age 17.63, SD 1.77, range 15-20 years) was recruited from a special school complex in Poland. The intervention was conducted over an 8-month period (October 2023 to May 2024), consisting of 16 sessions conducted once every 2 weeks. The rhythmic fitness game "OhShape!" (Odders Lab) was played on the Meta Quest 2 system. Motor proficiency was assessed with the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency short form, and simple reaction time to visual and auditory stimuli was measured using a standardized Alfa-Electronics meter. Statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test (alpha=.05). RESULTS: Total Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency scores significantly improved from a baseline mean of 69.25 (SD 6.80; 95% CI 63.56-74.94) to 80.50 (SD 5.50; 95% CI 75.90-85.10) at the posttest (P=.01; r=0.74). Based on the standardized 5-point proficiency scale, the group mean rose from 1.88 (SD .64; 95% CI 1.34-2.42) at baseline to 2.88 (SD .35; 95% CI 2.59-3.17) postintervention (P=.008; r=0.89). Furthermore, the mean simple reaction time decreased from 426.50 (SD 52.3; 95% CI 382.78-470.22) ms to 392.10 (SD 38.4; 95% CI 359.98-424.22) ms at the final assessment (P=.02; r=0.72). CONCLUSIONS: This pilot study suggests structured VR exergaming may address motor deficits in adolescents with mild intellectual disability. Promoting autonomy via protocols was associated with measurable motor gains within this cohort. Although the absence of a control group limits causal claims, immersive VR may offer a supportive tool for neuro-motor adaptations in special education, warranting validation in larger controlled trials. CI - (c) Julia Ciazynska, Agnieszka Kazimiera Rudowicz, Aneta Worska, Janusz Maciaszek. Originally published in JMIR Serious Games (https://games.jmir.org). FAU - Ciazynska, Julia AU - Ciazynska J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9065-9164 AD - Department of Physical Activity and Health Promotion Science, Poznan University of Physical Education, Krolowej Jadwigi 27/39, Poznan, Poland, 48 (61) 835 50 07. FAU - Rudowicz, Agnieszka Kazimiera AU - Rudowicz AK AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-3009-0046 AD - Special School Complex No. 102, Poznan, Poland. FAU - Worska, Aneta AU - Worska A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1624-5267 AD - Department of Physical Activity and Health Promotion Science, Poznan University of Physical Education, Krolowej Jadwigi 27/39, Poznan, Poland, 48 (61) 835 50 07. FAU - Maciaszek, Janusz AU - Maciaszek J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8425-5921 AD - Department of Physical Activity and Health Promotion Science, Poznan University of Physical Education, Krolowej Jadwigi 27/39, Poznan, Poland, 48 (61) 835 50 07. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260814 PL - Canada TA - JMIR Serious Games JT - JMIR serious games JID - 101645255 PMC - PMC13475785 OTO - NOTNLM OT - active video game OT - bilateral coordination OT - exergame OT - gross motor movements OT - health promotion OT - intellectual disabilities OT - physical activity OT - physical education OT - postural stability OT - virtual reality COIS- Conflicts of Interest: None declared. EDAT- 2026/08/14 17:39 MHDA- 2026/08/14 17:40 PMCR- 2026/08/14 CRDT- 2026/08/14 15:03 PHST- 2026/03/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/14 17:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/14 17:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/14 15:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v14i1e95572 [pii] AID - 95572 [pii] AID - 10.2196/95572 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JMIR Serious Games. 2026 Aug 14;14:e95572. doi: 10.2196/95572. PMID- 42599780 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260814 LR - 20260831 IS - 1680-0745 (Electronic) IS - 1015-9657 (Linking) VI - 37 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Jul 31 TI - Body mass index predicts ventricular repolarisation in obese children: differential effects across obesity levels. PG - 282-292 LID - 10.5830/CVJA-2026-029 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Childhood obesity is associated with cardiac electrical remodelling, yet the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and ventricular repolarisation (VR) heterogeneity remains incompletely characterised in paediatric obesity. METHODS: This prospective observational comparative study enrolled 184 children (112 obese, 72 normal-weight; age 8-17 years). Electrocardiographic analysis included traditional (QT, QTc, JT) and novel VR parameters (Tp-e interval, Tp-e/QT, Tp-e/QTc ratios). Multiple linear regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses identified independent predictors and clinically applicable thresholds. RESULTS: Obese children demonstrated significantly prolonged Tp-e intervals (87.83 +/- 12.35 vs. 80.10 +/- 16.80 ms, p = 0.002) and elevated Tp-e/QTcB ratios (0.211 +/- 0.028 vs. 0.192 +/- 0.034, p < 0.001). BMI emerged as the independent predictor of VR heterogeneity (beta = 0.308, p < 0.001), after adjustment for insulin resistance, metabolic parameters, and echocardiographic findings. Regression analyses revealed differences in the BMI-repolarisation relationship: strong associations in normal-weight children (beta = 0.353, p = 0.003), disappearing in established obesity (beta = -0.041, p = 0.699), and a significant BMI x group interaction was observed (beta = -2.079, p = 0.001). ROC analysis identified BMI >/= 23.1 kg/m(2) as the optimal threshold for abnormal repolarisation (AUC = 0.682, sensitivity 76.1%, specificity 50.0%, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Childhood obesity is associated with VR abnormalities independently of metabolic dysfunction and structural cardiac changes. This study suggests that repolarisation abnormalities occur in the early stages of obesity and through different pathophysiological mechanisms. The defined BMI threshold provides a clinically applicable tool for early risk stratification, highlighting the critical importance of intervention before obesity becomes established. FAU - Karayakali, Metin AU - Karayakali M AD - Department of Cardiology, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey. Email: drmk5170@gmail.com. FAU - Karaman, Kayihan AU - Karaman K AD - Department of Cardiology, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey. FAU - Kasap, Tuba AU - Kasap T AD - Department of Pediatric Clinics, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey. FAU - Yilmaz, Volkan AU - Yilmaz V AD - Department of Cardiology, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260731 PL - South Africa TA - Cardiovasc J Afr JT - Cardiovascular journal of Africa JID - 101313864 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - *Body Mass Index MH - Male MH - Female MH - Prospective Studies MH - Adolescent MH - *Pediatric Obesity/diagnosis/physiopathology/complications MH - Electrocardiography MH - *Action Potentials MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - *Arrhythmias, Cardiac/physiopathology/etiology/diagnosis MH - *Heart Rate MH - Age Factors MH - Risk Factors MH - *Heart Conduction System/physiopathology MH - Adiposity MH - *Ventricular Remodeling MH - Risk Assessment OTO - NOTNLM OT - arrhythmia OT - body mass index OT - electrocardiogram OT - repolarisation EDAT- 2026/08/14 17:39 MHDA- 2026/08/14 17:40 CRDT- 2026/08/14 12:22 PHST- 2025/12/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/14 17:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/14 17:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/14 12:22 [entrez] AID - 10.5830/CVJA-2026-029 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cardiovasc J Afr. 2026 Jul 31;37(3):282-292. doi: 10.5830/CVJA-2026-029. Epub 2026 Jul 31. PMID- 42598990 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260814 IS - 2049-3614 (Print) IS - 2049-3614 (Linking) DP - 2026 Aug 14 TI - Depression and Distress in Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes: A Latin American Multicenter Study. LID - EC-26-0512 [pii] LID - 10.1530/EC-26-0512 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To determine (1) the prevalence of depressive symptoms and diabetes-related distress and (2) the association between their combined presence and metabolic outcomes in Latin American children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). METHODS: This cross-sectional study included children with T1DM of> 1 year's duration from 10 diabetes centers in Argentina and Chile. Age, sex, socioeconomic status (SES), and HbA1c were evaluated. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D; range 0-60; depression >/=16) and diabetes distress using the Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID; range 0-80; distress >/=40). Spearman correlation, Phi coefficient, and multivariable logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Among 244 children (50% female), median age was 13.4 years (IQR 11.3-15.0), and median HbA1c was 8.3% (IQR 7.2-9.5). Depressive symptoms were present in 52% of participants and diabetes-distress in 26.6%. The agreement between CES-D and PAID categorical thresholds was fair (Phi = 0.39). The Both-1 group (n = 55; 22.5%) (high CES-D and PAID ) showed an inverse Spearman correlation with SES (r = -0.32, p < 0.01) and a positive correlation with HbA1c (r = 0.30, p < 0.01). In multivariable logistic regression, higher HbA1c (OR 1.34; 95% CI 1.1-1.6) and lower SES (OR 0.36; 95% CI 0.2-0.6) were independently associated with the Both-1 group (high CES-D and PAID), adjusted for age, sex, and BMI. CONCLUSION: In Latin American children with T1DM, the combined presence of depressive symptoms and diabetes-related distress was associated with poorer metabolic control and lower SES. CI - (c) the author(s). FAU - Hirschler, Valeria AU - Hirschler V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9533-9343 AD - Diabetes Argentine Society, Epidemiology , Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Gonzalez, Claudio D AU - Gonzalez CD AD - CEMIC, Pharmacology , Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Benitez, Amanda AU - Benitez A AD - Hospital Pediatrico Juan Pablo Segundo , Corrientes, Argentina. FAU - Marassi, Andrea Escalante AU - Marassi AE AD - Hospital Pediatrico Fernando Barreyro , Posadas, Argentina. FAU - Sobrero, Angela Figueroa AU - Sobrero AF AD - Hospital San Roque, Parana , Entre Rios, Argentina. FAU - Bogado, Ernesto AU - Bogado E AD - Hospital San Roque, Parana , Entre Rios, Argentina. FAU - Roussos, Adriana AU - Roussos A AD - Hospital de ninos Ricardo Gutierrez , Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Gaete, Laura AU - Gaete L AD - Hospital de ninos Ricardo Gutierrez , Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Arrigo, Angeles AU - Arrigo A AD - Hospital Prof. Ramon Exeni , Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Florencia, Grabois AU - Florencia G AD - Hospital Provincial Neuquen Dr. Castro Rendon , Neuquen, Argentina. FAU - Andres, Eugenia AU - Andres E AD - Hospital de Ninos Pedro de Elizalde , Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Arzamendia, Maria Laura AU - Arzamendia ML AD - Hospital de Ninos Pedro de Elizalde , Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Rojas Godoy, Juan Pablo AU - Rojas Godoy JP AD - Hospital Clinico San Borja-Arriaran/IDIMI , Santiago de Chile, Chile. FAU - Codner, Etel AU - Codner E AD - Hospital Clinico San Borja-Arriaran/IDIMI , Santiago de Chile, Chile. FAU - Araujo, Luciana AU - Araujo L AD - Hospital Pediatrico Avelino Castelan , Resistencia, Argentina. FAU - Palacios Porta, Luis F AU - Palacios Porta LF AD - Hospital Nacional A.Posadas , Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Molinari, Claudia AU - Molinari C AD - University of Buenos Aires, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Mathematics , Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Witte, Daniel R AU - Witte DR AD - Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital , Aarhus, Denmark. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260814 PL - England TA - Endocr Connect JT - Endocrine connections JID - 101598413 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Latin American Children OT - Type 1 diabetes OT - diabetes distress EDAT- 2026/08/14 12:16 MHDA- 2026/08/14 12:16 CRDT- 2026/08/14 08:23 PHST- 2026/07/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/14 12:16 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/14 12:16 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/14 08:23 [entrez] AID - 78000 [pii] AID - 10.1530/EC-26-0512 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Endocr Connect. 2026 Aug 14:EC-26-0512. doi: 10.1530/EC-26-0512. PMID- 42598624 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260814 LR - 20260926 IS - 0976-5662 (Print) IS - 2213-3445 (Electronic) IS - 0976-5662 (Linking) VI - 82 DP - 2026 Nov TI - Direct anterior approach for open correction of Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysiolysis: surgical technique and clinical outcome. PG - 103572 LID - 10.1016/j.jcot.2026.103572 [doi] LID - 103572 AB - BACKGROUND: Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE) is an idiopathic hip disorder in adolescents. With or without surgery, avascular necrosis (AVN) is the most dangerous complication. For open reduction and internal fixation, the modified Dunn procedure is considered the gold standard. This study presents an open epiphyseal realignment through the Hueter-interval and reports on (1) surgical technique of direct anterior approach (DAA) based surgical realignment, (2) radiographic correction of biomechanics, and (3) AVN-incidence after surgery. METHODS: A single-center retrospective case series was conducted including all patients who underwent open realignment for SCFE via the direct anterior approach between January 2014 and January 2025. Pre- and postoperative Southwick and alpha angles were measured by two independent observers. Complications, including avascular necrosis, chondrolysis, and degenerative changes, were assessed at final follow-up. Descriptive statistics were used. Interobserver agreement of radiographic measurements was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). RESULTS: Twelve patients (13 hips; 9 boys and 3 girls) were included. Median age and BMI were respectively 12.9 years old (IQR 12.2-13.7) and 23.1 kg/m(2) (IQR 19.9-29.5) kg/m(2). One patient showed bilateral involvement. Median preoperative AP - and lateral Southwick angle were respectively 117.5 (IQR 95.8-137.3) and 59.6 (IQR 35.1-71.8) degrees. After open realignment, median postoperative AP - and lateral Southwick angles were respectively 139.5 (IQR 135.0-143.3) and 14.7 (IQR 11.3-20.9). Thus, a correction of the lateral Southwick angle of 31.2 (IQR 17.4-54.2) was achieved. Follow-up was 6.0 years (IQR 2.4-8.3) and none of the patients developed AVN. Median Alpha-angle on Dunn view at final follow-up was 44.5 (IQR 42.8-68.1). CONCLUSION: The DAA described in this series, can be considered a reproducible technique for an open realignment of displaced SCFE. None of the cases had an AVN and the approach does not appear to limit correction potential. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level 4 Therapeutic study. CI - (c) 2026 The Authors. FAU - Vandeputte, Frans-Jozef AU - Vandeputte FJ AD - Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Ziekenhuis Oost Limburg (ZOL) Genk, Synaps Park 1, 3600, Genk, Belgium. AD - European Hip Center, Boskant 18, 2260, Westerlo, Belgium. AD - Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium. FAU - Clarebout, Siebe AU - Clarebout S AD - Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Ziekenhuis Oost Limburg (ZOL) Genk, Synaps Park 1, 3600, Genk, Belgium. FAU - Sergooris, Abner AU - Sergooris A AD - European Hip Center, Boskant 18, 2260, Westerlo, Belgium. AD - REVAL, Rehabilitation Research, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium. FAU - Gevers, Mathieu AU - Gevers M AD - Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Ziekenhuis Oost Limburg (ZOL) Genk, Synaps Park 1, 3600, Genk, Belgium. FAU - Van Praet, Frank AU - Van Praet F AD - Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Ziekenhuis Oost Limburg (ZOL) Genk, Synaps Park 1, 3600, Genk, Belgium. FAU - Corten, Kristoff AU - Corten K AD - Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Ziekenhuis Oost Limburg (ZOL) Genk, Synaps Park 1, 3600, Genk, Belgium. AD - European Hip Center, Boskant 18, 2260, Westerlo, Belgium. AD - REVAL, Rehabilitation Research, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260720 PL - India TA - J Clin Orthop Trauma JT - Journal of clinical orthopaedics and trauma JID - 101559469 PMC - PMC13472028 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Direct anterior approach OT - SCFE OT - Slipped capital femoral Epiphyses COIS- The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/08/14 12:16 MHDA- 2026/08/14 12:17 PMCR- 2026/07/20 CRDT- 2026/08/14 08:03 PHST- 2026/04/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/14 12:17 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/14 12:16 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/14 08:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0976-5662(26)00240-7 [pii] AID - 103572 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jcot.2026.103572 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Clin Orthop Trauma. 2026 Jul 20;82:103572. doi: 10.1016/j.jcot.2026.103572. eCollection 2026 Nov. PMID- 42598598 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260814 LR - 20260817 IS - 2167-8359 (Electronic) IS - 2167-8359 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Effects of physical activity distribution patterns on basketball skill acquisition and physical exercise self-efficacy among Chinese male university students: a randomised controlled trial. PG - e21459 LID - 10.7717/peerj.21459 [doi] LID - e21459 AB - BACKGROUND: As an open-skills sport, basketball not only enhances university students' physical fitness and specialised techniques but also influences their technical learning efficiency and exercise self-efficacy through patterns of physical activity distribution. However, empirical research on the mechanisms underlying the effects of physical activity distribution patterns on basketball technical performance and self-efficacy remains limited. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the impact of two distinct physical activity patterns (massed vs. regularly distributed) on specialised basketball skill acquisition and exercise self-efficacy among Chinese male university students. METHOD: A randomised controlled trial design was employed, enrolling 105 male university students aged 18-25 years. The participants were randomly assigned to either a massed training group or a regularly distributed training group. Both interventions lasted 8 weeks, followed by a 2-month follow-up period. Training volume and intensity were maintained at equivalent levels, differing solely in the distribution of practice sessions. Basketball skill acquisition was assessed through shooting accuracy, dribbling agility, and passing precision, whereas psychological efficacy was measured via the Revised Self-Efficacy Scale for Physical Exercise. Generalised estimating equation (GEE) and simple effects analyses were employed to examine between-group and within-group differences, controlling for potential confounding factors. RESULTS: The findings indicate that the regularly distributed training group demonstrated significantly greater improvements than did the massed training group in shooting (odds ratio (OR) = 2.316, P < 0.001), passing (OR = 1.608, P < 0.001), and self-efficacy (OR = 2.691, P = 0.001), with partial effects persisting two months post-intervention. Both groups demonstrated improvements in dribbling performance, although the differences between groups were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: A regularly distributed physical activity pattern has greater advantages in promoting basketball-specific skills (particularly shooting and passing) and physical exercise self-efficacy. This suggests that basketball training programmes should prioritise optimising practice distribution to increase skill acquisition quality and sustain long-term exercise motivation. Future research may extend to different gender and age groups while incorporating game performance metrics to further validate the efficacy of distributed practice. CI - (c)2026 Liu et al. FAU - Liu, Zhuoxiao AU - Liu Z AD - Strength and Conditioning Training College, Beijing Sports University, Haidian, Beijing, China. AD - School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Yangpu, Shanghai, China. FAU - Zhou, Chengyu AU - Zhou C AD - Strength and Conditioning Training College, Beijing Sports University, Haidian, Beijing, China. AD - School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Yangpu, Shanghai, China. FAU - Zeng, Zhuo AU - Zeng Z AD - Strength and Conditioning Training College, Beijing Sports University, Haidian, Beijing, China. FAU - Yang, Huaibo AU - Yang H AD - Department of Physical Education, Hongshan College of Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20260810 PL - United States TA - PeerJ JT - PeerJ JID - 101603425 RN - Chinese people SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Basketball/psychology MH - *Self Efficacy MH - Young Adult MH - Adult MH - Adolescent MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - Universities MH - *Students/psychology MH - China MH - *Athletic Performance MH - East Asian People PMC - PMC13471745 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Basketball OT - Distributed practice OT - Physical activity patterns OT - Physical exercise self-efficacy OT - Technical performance COIS- The authors declare there are no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/08/14 12:16 MHDA- 2026/08/14 12:17 PMCR- 2026/08/10 CRDT- 2026/08/14 08:02 PHST- 2025/11/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/14 12:17 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/14 12:16 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/14 08:02 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 21459 [pii] AID - 10.7717/peerj.21459 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PeerJ. 2026 Aug 10;14:e21459. doi: 10.7717/peerj.21459. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42597527 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260814 LR - 20260815 IS - 2296-875X (Print) IS - 2296-875X (Electronic) IS - 2296-875X (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2026 TI - Development of an automated machine learning-based risk prediction and decision support system for postoperative cubitus varus complicating pediatric lateral humeral condyle fracture. PG - 1836372 LID - 10.3389/fsurg.2026.1836372 [doi] LID - 1836372 AB - PURPOSE: Postoperative cubitus varus is a disabling complication of pediatric lateral humeral condyle fractures that impairs long-term elbow function. This study aimed to develop and validate the first Improved LangEvin Equation-based Evolutionary (ILEE) automated machine learning (AutoML) model and visual decision support system for preoperative prediction of this complication, to enable personalized risk stratification and targeted intervention. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 330 children with lateral humeral condyle fractures treated between January 2005 and June 2022. An ILEE-optimized AutoML model was constructed and compared with the original LEE algorithm and 6 conventional machine learning models. Model performance was evaluated using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC-AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. Key predictors were identified and interpreted via SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis, and a clinical decision support system was developed using MATLAB App Designer. RESULTS: The ILEE algorithm outperformed all comparators in optimization stability and convergence speed. The AutoML model identified five key features for predicting cubitus varus and exhibited better prediction calibration performance compared to other models (ROC-AUC = 0.9557). SHAP analysis ranked the importance of these features as follows: obesity degree, preoperative timing, internal fixation time, fracture type, and external fixation time. The decision support system can generate real-time risk levels, predicted probabilities, and personalized clinical recommendations within 1 s. CONCLUSION: This study establishes the first ILEE-based AutoML model for predicting postoperative cubitus varus in pediatric lateral humeral condyle fractures, demonstrating competitive predictive performance. The user-friendly visual system enables rapid preoperative risk assessment, assisting clinicians in identify high-risk patients, optimize treatment plans, and potentially improving pediatric orthopedic outcomes. CI - (c) 2026 Wan, Deng, Yuan, Zhang, Li, Cai and Wang. FAU - Wan, Yu AU - Wan Y AD - Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Deng, Kun AU - Deng K AD - Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Yuan, Yang AU - Yuan Y AD - Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Zhang, Li AU - Zhang L AD - Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Li, Cong AU - Li C AD - Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Cai, Haoqi AU - Cai H AD - Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Wang, Yufeng AU - Wang Y AD - Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260730 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Surg JT - Frontiers in surgery JID - 101645127 PMC - PMC13469642 OTO - NOTNLM OT - automated machine learning OT - clinical decision support system OT - cubitus varus OT - improved langEvin equation-based evolutionary OT - lateral humeral condyle fracture COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/14 12:16 MHDA- 2026/08/14 12:17 PMCR- 2026/07/30 CRDT- 2026/08/14 06:27 PHST- 2026/03/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/14 12:17 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/14 12:16 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/14 06:27 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fsurg.2026.1836372 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Surg. 2026 Jul 30;13:1836372. doi: 10.3389/fsurg.2026.1836372. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42597453 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260814 LR - 20260815 IS - 1664-1078 (Print) IS - 1664-1078 (Electronic) IS - 1664-1078 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Dose-related effects of acute cycling on executive function in children with autism spectrum disorder: a within-subject repeated-measures study. PG - 1902127 LID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1902127 [doi] LID - 1902127 AB - BACKGROUND: Exercise has shown promise for supporting executive function in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but findings remain inconsistent, partly because exercise dose has not been examined systematically. This study examined the immediate effects of acute cycling with different combinations of intensity and duration on executive function in children with ASD. METHODS: A within-subject repeated-measures design was used. Thirty children with ASD completed one non-exercise sedentary control session at enrollment, followed by four counterbalanced cycling sessions arranged in a 2 x 2 exercise-dose matrix: 20 min low-intensity, 40 min low-intensity, 20 min moderate-intensity, and 40 min moderate-intensity cycling. Exercise intensity was monitored using the heart rate reserve method. Selected executive function components were assessed after each condition using the Early Years Toolbox, including the Go/No-Go task for inhibitory control and the Mr. Ant task for working memory. Repeated-measures analyses of variance were conducted, followed by FDR-corrected planned comparisons between each exercise condition and the sedentary control condition. RESULTS: Significant condition effects were observed for Go reaction time (p = 0.024, partial eta(2)  = 0.092), No-Go reaction time (p = 0.006, partial eta(2)  = 0.116), Go accuracy (p = 0.046, partial eta(2)  = 0.080), No-Go accuracy (p = 0.006, partial eta(2)  = 0.115), and the inhibitory-control composite score (p < 0.001, partial eta(2)  = 0.405). Moderate-intensity exercise showed the clearest post-session advantages relative to sedentary control, with the 40-min moderate-intensity condition showing the most consistent pattern across inhibitory-control outcomes. For the inhibitory-control composite score, all four exercise conditions were higher than sedentary control. No significant condition effect was found for working memory (p = 0.353, partial eta(2)  = 0.037). CONCLUSION: Acute cycling may have selective short-term effects on selected executive function components in children with ASD. Moderate-intensity cycling, particularly a 40-min session under the present protocol, was associated with more favorable inhibitory-control performance, whereas immediate changes in working memory were not observed. These findings should be interpreted in light of the non-counterbalanced sedentary control session. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=248491, ChiCTR2400091872. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Shi, Gao, Liu, Cai, Sun, Xu, Zou and Chen. FAU - Shi, Yifan AU - Shi Y AD - School of Sport and Brain Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China. AD - College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China. FAU - Gao, Funing AU - Gao F AD - Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Liu, Zhimei AU - Liu Z AD - Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China. FAU - Cai, Kelong AU - Cai K AD - School of Sport and Brain Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China. FAU - Sun, Zhiyuan AU - Sun Z AD - College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China. FAU - Xu, Yifan AU - Xu Y AD - University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, Poland. FAU - Zou, Liye AU - Zou L AD - Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China. FAU - Chen, Aiguo AU - Chen A AD - School of Sport and Brain Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China. LA - eng PT - Clinical Trial PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260730 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Psychol JT - Frontiers in psychology JID - 101550902 PMC - PMC13467928 OTO - NOTNLM OT - autism spectrum disorder OT - dose-response relationship OT - executive function OT - exercise OT - inhibition OT - working memory COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author LZ declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision. EDAT- 2026/08/14 12:16 MHDA- 2026/08/14 12:17 PMCR- 2026/07/30 CRDT- 2026/08/14 06:16 PHST- 2026/06/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/14 12:17 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/14 12:16 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/14 06:16 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1902127 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Psychol. 2026 Jul 30;17:1902127. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1902127. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42596884 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260814 LR - 20260816 IS - 2047-2986 (Electronic) IS - 2047-2978 (Print) IS - 2047-2978 (Linking) VI - 16 DP - 2026 Aug 14 TI - DNA methylation informs adult cardiovascular risk and prevention for low birthweight individuals. PG - 04242 LID - 10.7189/jogh.16.04242 [doi] LID - 04242 AB - BACKGROUND: Barker's hypothesis posits that adverse in utero exposures, often reflected by low birthweight, increase adult cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. However, underlying mechanisms remain unclear; identifying potentially causal mediators is crucial for developing effective interventions. Emerging research suggests epigenetic modifications may influence CVD traits from early life. We aimed to identify DNA methylation (DNAm) signatures that mediate birthweight and CVD traits and to establish their biological relevance across three developmental time points using multi-omics integration. METHODS: We identified DNAm mediators using epigenetic Mendelian randomisation (MR). The exposures were 261 birthweight-associated CpG sites (BW-CpGs) from epigenome-wide association studies, instrumented by cis-methylation quantitative trait loci (cis-mQTLs) in European-ancestry participants from the Accessible Resource for Integrative Epigenomic Studies measured at three developmental time points: birth (mean gestational age = 40 weeks), childhood (mean age = 7.49 years), and adolescence (mean age = 17.14 years). The outcomes included adult cardiovascular events and lipid traits from genome-wide association studies (n = 98,048-547,261). Sensitivity analyses included colocalisation, Steiger's test, Cochran's Q, and pleiotropy-robust methods. We interrogated DNAm persisting across development using omics datasets. RESULTS: Using cis-mQTLs measured at birth, we found 230 associations between 216 BW-CpGs and CVD traits, including coronary artery disease, hypertension, stroke, cholesterol, and triglycerides (false discovery rate-corrected P < 0.05), with effect size directions consistent with Barker's hypothesis. A total of 42 associations were robust following sensitivity analyses. Persistent DNAm changes across development were observed at ASGR1 and KDM2B. Multi-omics interrogation prioritised a promising therapeutic candidate (ASGR1). CONCLUSIONS: Although Barker's hypothesis is well-established, this is the first study to explore its causal pathway using a rigorous, multi-time-point epigenetic MR framework with multi-omic integration. This represents a major advancement over previous observational and DNAm studies. The Barker-consistent hypothesis-free discovery approach identified novel and known candidate genes that, with future validation, may serve as therapeutic targets, identify high-risk individuals, and support clinical trial recruitment. CI - (c) 2026 The Authors. FAU - Tang, John Yen AU - Tang JY FAU - Ng, Nicole Ying Ting AU - Ng NYT FAU - Kwok, Alice Wing Sze AU - Kwok AWS FAU - Mak, Christopher Chun Yu AU - Mak CCY FAU - Cheung, Yiu-Fai AU - Cheung YF FAU - Chung, Brian Hon Yin AU - Chung BHY LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260814 PL - Scotland TA - J Glob Health JT - Journal of global health JID - 101578780 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *DNA Methylation MH - Female MH - *Cardiovascular Diseases/genetics/prevention & control/epidemiology MH - Genome-Wide Association Study MH - *Infant, Low Birth Weight MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - *Birth Weight/genetics MH - Male MH - Mendelian Randomization Analysis MH - Heart Disease Risk Factors MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Developmental Origins of Health and Disease MH - Epigenesis, Genetic MH - Adult PMC - PMC13474067 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Barker's hypothesis OT - DNA methylation OT - Mendelian randomisation OT - cardiovascular disease risk OT - epigenetics COIS- Disclosure of interest: The authors completed the ICMJE Disclosure of Interest Form (available upon request from the corresponding author) and disclose no relevant interests. EDAT- 2026/08/14 12:16 MHDA- 2026/08/14 12:17 PMCR- 2026/08/14 CRDT- 2026/08/14 05:12 PHST- 2026/08/14 12:17 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/14 12:16 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/14 05:12 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jogh-16-04242 [pii] AID - 10.7189/jogh.16.04242 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Glob Health. 2026 Aug 14;16:04242. doi: 10.7189/jogh.16.04242. PMID- 42595859 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260814 LR - 20260912 IS - 1432-1076 (Electronic) IS - 0340-6199 (Print) IS - 0340-6199 (Linking) VI - 185 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Aug 13 TI - Is watchful waiting an alternative to adenotonsillectomy in children with mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnoea? LID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07330-6 [doi] LID - 663 AB - Adenotonsillectomy (ATE) has traditionally been the first-line treatment for obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) in children. Increasing evidence suggests that many children with mild to moderate OSA may improve without surgery. This mini-review examines whether watchful waiting is a safe and effective alternative to ATE in otherwise healthy children with mild to moderate OSA. We searched PubMed from inception to January 2026 for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing ATE with watchful waiting in children aged 1-16 years with OSA or sleep-disordered breathing confirmed by polysomnography or a validated symptom score. Two reviewers independently screened and extracted data. Results were analysed qualitatively. Five RCTs (seven published reports; n = 1287 children; mean age 6.1 years) met inclusion criteria. Spontaneous OSA resolution occurred in 44-55% of children managed with watchful waiting, compared with 57-79% following ATE. ATE produced statistically greater reductions in the apnoea-hypopnoea index in four of five trials, but between-group differences were modest. The largest and most consistent effects of ATE were seen for OSA symptom scores. CONCLUSION: Watchful waiting is a reasonable option for young, nonobese children with mild OSA, given the relatively high rates of spontaneous resolution. ATE remains appropriate for children with moderate to severe OSA. Shared decision-making, individualised care and close follow-up are essential when watchful waiting is chosen. WHAT IS KNOWN: * Otherwise healthy children with obstructive sleep apnoea due to adenotonsillar hyperplasia are usually managed with adenotonsillectomy. * Young, non-obese, Caucasian children with more mild obstructive sleep apnoea, however, showed a surprisingly high probability of spontaneous resolution of the disease in one study. WHAT IS NEW: * High rates of spontaneous resolution of obstructive sleep apnoea were observed in four independent studies, ranging from 44% to 55%. * Watchful waiting for several months may, thus, be a reasonable management option in a particular low-risk group of children with obstructive sleep apnoea. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Kuhle, Stefan AU - Kuhle S AD - Institute of Clinical Epidemiology, Public Health, Health Economics, Medical Statistics and Informatics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria. FAU - Poets, Christian F AU - Poets CF AD - Department of Neonatology and Division of Paediatric Sleep Medicine, University Children's Hospital, Tubingen, Germany. FAU - Urschitz, Michael S AU - Urschitz MS AD - Division of Paediatric Epidemiology, Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany. urschitz@uni-mainz.de. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260813 PL - Germany TA - Eur J Pediatr JT - European journal of pediatrics JID - 7603873 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Watchful Waiting MH - *Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/therapy/surgery MH - *Adenoidectomy MH - *Tonsillectomy MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Polysomnography MH - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic MH - Severity of Illness Index MH - Treatment Outcome MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13473323 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adenotonsillectomy OT - Apnoea OT - Children OT - Polysomnography OT - Sleep OT - Watchful waiting COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval, accordance, consent to participate and consent to publish: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/08/14 05:38 MHDA- 2026/08/14 05:39 PMCR- 2026/08/13 CRDT- 2026/08/13 23:55 PHST- 2026/03/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/14 05:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/14 05:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/13 23:55 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07330-6 [pii] AID - 7330 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07330-6 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Eur J Pediatr. 2026 Aug 13;185(9):663. doi: 10.1007/s00431-026-07330-6. PMID- 42595823 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260813 IS - 1530-0447 (Electronic) IS - 0031-3998 (Linking) DP - 2026 Aug 13 TI - Identification of weight loss predictors using machine learning approaches in adolescents with obesity. LID - 10.1038/s41390-026-05359-9 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Despite the effectiveness of lifestyle multidisciplinary (LMD) weight loss interventions in pediatric obesity, outcomes remain variable between individuals. Machine learning (ML), capable of capturing complex relationships between variables, offer a promising avenue to better understand and predict this variability. METHODS: This study aimed to identify baseline predictors of 9-month LMD success in adolescents with obesity. A pooled database of 471 adolescents (42.9% males, 13.6 +/- 1.4 years, BMI z-score 3.06 +/- 0.51) from 21 clinical trials was used. Five ML models (Random Forest (RFC), XGBoost, LightGBM, Logistic Regression, and Support Vector Machine) were developed and evaluated to predict treatment response using both binary and multiclass classification RESULTS: Mean BMI z-score reduction at 9 months was -0.53 +/- 0.34. For binary classification, RFC achieved the highest performance (accuracy = 0.97; AUC-ROC = 0.97). For multiclass prediction, XGBoost performed best (accuracy = 0.80; AUC-ROC = 0.90). CONCLUSION: The most influential predictors consistently belonged to two main domains: (1) functional aptitudes, (e.g. forced vital capacity, maximal aerobic power, vertical jump height, resting VO2) and (2) dietary profiles (e.g. total energy intake, protein intake, hunger/fullness scores). Metabolic markers (eg. Insulin, cholesterol) also contributed to multiclass prediction. ML shows promise for personalizing adolescent weight loss strategies and deserves further study. IMPACT: While many fields of healthcare utilize artificial intelligence-based (AI) methods to achieve personalized and patient-centered care, these methods remain underexplored in the field of pediatric obesity. Identifying baseline predictors of lifestyle multidisciplinary weight loss interventions (LMD) would further improve the effectiveness of such interventions, currently hindered by inter-individual variability in response to treatment. Machine learning models were successful in predicting LMD's success in adolescents with obesity with high accuracy, and uncovered a novel, promising dietary factors. Machine learning is a promising tool for personalization of weight management strategies in the field of pediatric obesity. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to the International Pediatric Research Foundation, Inc. FAU - Gaucherot, Andrea AU - Gaucherot A AD - Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France. andrea.gaucherot@etu.uca.fr. FAU - Beraud, Duane AU - Beraud D AD - Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France. FAU - Lonjou, Paul AU - Lonjou P AD - Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France. FAU - Gois, Virginia Carol Leandro AU - Gois VCL AD - Academic Center of Vitoria, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitoria de Santo Antao, Brazil. FAU - Julian, Valerie AU - Julian V AD - CHU Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Department of Sport Medicine, functional and respiratory rehabilitation, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France. AD - CRNH, INRAE, Unite de Nutrition Humaine, Clermont Auvergne University, Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France. FAU - Duclos, Martine AU - Duclos M AD - CHU Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Department of Sport Medicine, functional and respiratory rehabilitation, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France. AD - CRNH, INRAE, Unite de Nutrition Humaine, Clermont Auvergne University, Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France. AD - International Research Chair Health in Motion, Clermont Auvergne University Foundation, Clermont-Ferrand, France. FAU - Guillet, Christelle AU - Guillet C AD - International Research Chair Health in Motion, Clermont Auvergne University Foundation, Clermont-Ferrand, France. FAU - Boirie, Yves AU - Boirie Y AD - CRNH, INRAE, Unite de Nutrition Humaine, Clermont Auvergne University, Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France. AD - Department of Human Nutrition, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France. FAU - Isacco, Laurie AU - Isacco L AD - Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France. AD - International Research Chair Health in Motion, Clermont Auvergne University Foundation, Clermont-Ferrand, France. FAU - Pereira, Bruno AU - Pereira B AD - Biostatistics Unit, DRCI, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France. FAU - Thivel, David AU - Thivel D AD - Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France. AD - International Research Chair Health in Motion, Clermont Auvergne University Foundation, Clermont-Ferrand, France. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260813 PL - United States TA - Pediatr Res JT - Pediatric research JID - 0100714 SB - IM COIS- Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Consent for publication: Patients' consent was collected during each intervention they participated in. EDAT- 2026/08/14 05:38 MHDA- 2026/08/14 05:38 CRDT- 2026/08/13 23:53 PHST- 2025/09/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/14 05:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/14 05:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/13 23:53 [entrez] AID - 10.1038/s41390-026-05359-9 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41390-026-05359-9 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Pediatr Res. 2026 Aug 13. doi: 10.1038/s41390-026-05359-9. PMID- 42595351 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260813 LR - 20260815 IS - 1447-0756 (Electronic) IS - 1341-8076 (Print) IS - 1341-8076 (Linking) VI - 52 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Evaluation of Maternal Serum ELABELA Levels in Pregnancies Diagnosed With Abortus Imminens Between 8 and 14 Weeks of Gestation. PG - e70450 LID - 10.1111/jog.70450 [doi] LID - e70450 AB - AIM: Abortus imminens is a common condition in early pregnancy characterized by vaginal bleeding with a closed cervix and viable intrauterine pregnancy. Current biochemical markers have limited accuracy in predicting pregnancy outcomes. ELABELA (also known as Apela or Toddler), a peptide involved in angiogenesis and placental development, may serve as a potential biomarker in early pregnancy complications. This study aimed to evaluate maternal serum ELABELA levels in pregnancies diagnosed with abortus imminens. METHODS: This prospective cross-sectional study included 45 pregnant women diagnosed with abortus imminens between 8 and 14 weeks of gestation and 45 healthy controls. Maternal serum ELABELA levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). All serum samples were analyzed simultaneously in a single analytical batch to minimize interassay variability. Statistical analyses included group comparisons, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and binary logistic regression. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between groups in terms of age, body mass index (BMI), gestational age at sampling, gravidity, or parity (p > 0.05). ELABELA levels were significantly lower in the abortus imminens group compared with controls (median: 649.82 vs. 859.60 pg/mL; p = 0.021). ROC analysis demonstrated modest discriminative ability (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.641; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.520-0.751), with an optimal cut-off value of 712.0 pg/mL (sensitivity 60.0%, specificity 68.9%). Logistic regression analysis showed no independent predictive value for ELABELA. CONCLUSION: Maternal serum ELABELA levels are significantly reduced in pregnancies with abortus imminens, suggesting a potential role in early placental dysfunction. Although ELABELA alone may not be a strong independent predictor, it may serve as a complementary biomarker in the evaluation of abortus imminens. Further large-scale prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings. CI - (c) 2026 Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology. FAU - Ozgedik, Simge AU - Ozgedik S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-3241-9984 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Health Sciences, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Herguner, Metehan AU - Herguner M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3182-6430 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Health Sciences, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Durace, Alihan AU - Durace A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-5848-1467 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Health Sciences, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Al, Cagdas Necati AU - Al CN AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-0198-8956 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Health Sciences, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Yucel, Ecem AU - Yucel E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5941-1926 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Health Sciences, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Ozgokce, Cagdas AU - Ozgokce C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4960-4625 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Health Sciences, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Kale, Ibrahim AU - Kale I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7802-7199 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Health Sciences, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - Australia TA - J Obstet Gynaecol Res JT - The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research JID - 9612761 RN - 0 (Peptide Hormones) RN - 0 (APELA protein, human) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *Peptide Hormones/blood MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - Adult MH - Prospective Studies MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Pregnancy Trimester, First/blood PMC - PMC13472750 OTO - NOTNLM OT - ELABELA OT - abortus imminens OT - biomarker OT - early pregnancy OT - placental dysfunction COIS- The authors have nothing to report. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/14 04:30 MHDA- 2026/08/14 04:31 PMCR- 2026/08/13 CRDT- 2026/08/13 20:33 PHST- 2026/07/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/14 04:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/14 04:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/13 20:33 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JOG70450 [pii] AID - 10.1111/jog.70450 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2026 Aug;52(8):e70450. doi: 10.1111/jog.70450. PMID- 42595669 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261001 LR - 20261005 IS - 2529-993X (Electronic) IS - 2529-993X (Linking) VI - 44 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Evaluation of risk factors and development of a predictive clinical score for TB contact tracing in Angola. PG - 503251 LID - S2529-993X(26)00152-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503251 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Contact tracing for tuberculosis (TB) is an essential component of public health efforts to detect secondary cases and interrupt transmission chains. This study aimed to assess the risk factors associated with TB diagnosis and to develop a predictive clinical score for TB diagnosis among contacts of people with TB attending the outpatient clinic at Hospital Nossa Senhora da Paz (HNSP) in Cubal, Angola. METHODS: Prospective observational study including TB contacts of all ages. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including multivariable logistic regression with multiple imputation for missing data. The performance of the proposed clinical score was assessed through ROC analysis, calibration, bootstrap internal validation, and comparison with the WHO symptom-based screening approach. RESULTS: Two-hundred and eighty-five TB contacts were included. Fifty (17.5%) contacts were diagnosed with TB, 40 (80%) of whom were children /=6 points, the score showed a sensitivity of 94% and a specificity of 75%, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.89 (95% CI: 0.85-0.94). CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight the high burden of TB among close contacts and the challenges in properly assessing them. An easy-to-use clinical score may support frontline health workers in improving TB contact tracing in settings with high burden of disease and limited resources, such as Angola. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Sociedad Espanola de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiologia Clinica. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L.U. All rights reserved. FAU - Martinez-Camprecios, Joan AU - Martinez-Camprecios J AD - Servei de Malalties Infeccioses, Unitat de Medicina Tropical i Salut Internacional, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain; Tuberculosis Unit, Hospital Nossa Senhora da Paz, Cubal, Benguela, Angola. FAU - Aznar, Maria Luisa AU - Aznar ML AD - Servei de Malalties Infeccioses, Unitat de Medicina Tropical i Salut Internacional, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain; Tuberculosis Unit, Hospital Nossa Senhora da Paz, Cubal, Benguela, Angola; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades (CIBER), Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Grupo de Estudio de Micobacterias, Sociedad Espanola de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiologia Clinica (SEIMC), Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: maria.aznar@vhir.org. FAU - Espinosa-Pereiro, Juan AU - Espinosa-Pereiro J AD - Servei de Malalties Infeccioses, Unitat de Medicina Tropical i Salut Internacional, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain; Grupo de Estudio de Micobacterias, Sociedad Espanola de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiologia Clinica (SEIMC), Madrid, Spain; Damien Foundation, Brussels, Belgium. FAU - Aixut, Sandra AU - Aixut S AD - Servei de Malalties Infeccioses, Unitat de Medicina Tropical i Salut Internacional, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain; Pediatric Unit, Hospital Nossa Senhora da Paz, Cubal, Benguela, Angola. FAU - Nindia, Arlete AU - Nindia A AD - Laboratory Department, Hospital Nossa Senhora da Paz, Cubal, Benguela, Angola. FAU - Zakarias, Adriano AU - Zakarias A AD - Tuberculosis Unit, Hospital Nossa Senhora da Paz, Cubal, Benguela, Angola. FAU - Gonzalez-Farias, Inigo AU - Gonzalez-Farias I AD - Servei de Malalties Infeccioses, Unitat de Medicina Tropical i Salut Internacional, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain; Tuberculosis Unit, Hospital Nossa Senhora da Paz, Cubal, Benguela, Angola. FAU - Comella, Patricia AU - Comella P AD - Servei de Malalties Infeccioses, Unitat de Medicina Tropical i Salut Internacional, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Sicaleta, Nicolau AU - Sicaleta N AD - Pediatric Unit, Hospital Nossa Senhora da Paz, Cubal, Benguela, Angola. FAU - Sanchez-Montalva, Adrian AU - Sanchez-Montalva A AD - Servei de Malalties Infeccioses, Unitat de Medicina Tropical i Salut Internacional, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades (CIBER), Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Grupo de Estudio de Micobacterias, Sociedad Espanola de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiologia Clinica (SEIMC), Madrid, Spain. FAU - Molina, Israel AU - Molina I AD - Servei de Malalties Infeccioses, Unitat de Medicina Tropical i Salut Internacional, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades (CIBER), Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260813 PL - Spain TA - Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin (Engl Ed) JT - Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.) JID - 101777541 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Angola/epidemiology MH - Risk Factors MH - *Contact Tracing/methods MH - Prospective Studies MH - *Tuberculosis/diagnosis/epidemiology/transmission MH - Female MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Adult MH - Child, Preschool MH - Young Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - Infant OTO - NOTNLM OT - Contact-tracing OT - Estudio de contactos OT - Factores de riesgo OT - Risk factors OT - Tuberculosis EDAT- 2026/08/13 23:36 MHDA- 2026/10/01 23:30 CRDT- 2026/08/13 21:58 PHST- 2026/01/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/01 23:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/13 23:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/13 21:58 [entrez] AID - S2529-993X(26)00152-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503251 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin (Engl Ed). 2026 Oct;44(8):503251. doi: 10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503251. Epub 2026 Aug 13. PMID- 42594584 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260923 LR - 20260923 IS - 1873-5711 (Electronic) IS - 1050-6411 (Linking) VI - 90 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Nonimpaired literature-derived scaling does not accurately represent the shoulder and elbow strength of children and adults with paraplegia. PG - 103197 LID - S1050-6411(26)00094-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jelekin.2026.103197 [doi] AB - This study evaluated whether participant characteristics, literature-derived regression equations, and a generic musculoskeletal model developed for nonimpaired populations could accurately predict maximal shoulder and elbow strength in children and adults with paraplegia. Thirty individuals with paraplegia (22 adults, 8 children) completed maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVICs) in seven upper extremity postures. Predicted MVICs were generated using a scaled OpenSim upper extremity model with three muscle activation inputs (Full, Separated, and EMG-informed). Linear mixed-effects models evaluated relationships between predicted and experimentally measured MVICs across postures. Model performance was assessed using marginal and conditional R(2), root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), Lin's concordance correlation coefficient (CCC), and repeated-measures Bland-Altman analyses. Agreement between measured and height-predicted upper extremity segment lengths was also evaluated. Joint posture significantly influenced measured MVIC, and significant posture-by-predicted MVIC interactions demonstrated that prediction accuracy was posture dependent (all p < 0.001). The Full activation input explained the greatest proportion of variance in measured MVIC (marginal R(2) = 0.770; conditional R(2) = 0.931), whereas the EMG-informed activation input produced the lowest prediction error (RMSE = 22.38% MVIC; MAE = 17.14% MVIC). However, agreement between predicted and measured MVIC remained modest across all activation inputs (CCC = 0.259-0.312), with systematic bias evident in Bland-Altman analyses. Height-based anthropometric scaling overestimated forearm and humerus lengths by 1.25 and 4.96 cm, respectively, with greater error for the humerus (RMSE = 5.82 cm). Regression-based scaling and generic musculoskeletal models derived from nonimpaired populations provided only modest estimates of maximal upper extremity strength in individuals with paraplegia. Improving strength prediction will require innovative scaling approaches that incorporate participant-specific anthropometry, population-specific muscle properties, and individualized neuromuscular activation while balancing model accuracy with practical clinical feasibility. CI - Copyright (c) 2026. Published by Elsevier Ltd. FAU - Zhao, Hanhsen AU - Zhao H AD - Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. FAU - Cho, Yeajin AU - Cho Y AD - Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. FAU - Schnorenberg, Alyssa J AU - Schnorenberg AJ AD - Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA; Department of Occupational Science and Technology, College of Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA. FAU - Slavens, Brooke A AU - Slavens BA AD - Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA; Department of Occupational Science and Technology, College of Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA. FAU - Peterson, Carrie L AU - Peterson CL AD - Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. Electronic address: clpeterson@vcu.edu. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260810 PL - England TA - J Electromyogr Kinesiol JT - Journal of electromyography and kinesiology : official journal of the International Society of Electrophysiological Kinesiology JID - 9109125 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Paraplegia/physiopathology MH - Child MH - Male MH - Female MH - Adult MH - *Muscle Strength/physiology MH - Isometric Contraction/physiology MH - *Muscle, Skeletal/physiopathology MH - *Elbow Joint/physiopathology MH - *Models, Biological MH - *Shoulder Joint/physiopathology MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Sensitivity and Specificity OTO - NOTNLM OT - Musculoskeletal modeling OT - Peak isometric moment OT - Spinal cord injury OT - Upper extremity COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/08/13 23:36 MHDA- 2026/09/23 23:55 CRDT- 2026/08/13 18:05 PHST- 2025/06/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/23 23:55 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/13 23:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/13 18:05 [entrez] AID - S1050-6411(26)00094-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jelekin.2026.103197 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2026 Oct;90:103197. doi: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2026.103197. Epub 2026 Aug 10. PMID- 42594228 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260928 LR - 20260928 IS - 1536-3678 (Electronic) IS - 1077-4114 (Linking) VI - 48 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Oct 1 TI - Beyond Tumor Size: Hilar-to-Central Vessel Distance as a Complementary Safety Metric for Laparoscopic Nephrectomy in Wilms Tumor. PG - 323-330 LID - 10.1097/MPH.0000000000003264 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic nephrectomy for Wilms tumor remains controversial despite growing evidence supporting its feasibility. This study analyzed surgical and oncological outcomes according to the SIOP criteria and evaluated the hilar-to-central vessel distance as a potential selection parameter. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 50 children with unilateral Wilms tumor treated between 2014 and 2020. Patients underwent open (ON=38) or laparoscopic (LN=12) nephrectomy following SIOP protocols. Laparoscopic selection required: tumor confined to the kidney, not crossing vertebral border, no venous thrombus, volume 1 year. The definition of advanced BA as BA-CA >1 year is widely adopted in clinical pediatric practice in China. RESULTS: The prevalence of advanced BA was 7.9%, with significantly higher rates in girls (11.9% vs. 3.4% in boys, P<0.001), children aged 9-12 years (19.4%), and those with overweight (17.1%) or obesity (16.9%) compared to normal weight children (5.8%, P<0.001). Body mass index (BMI) was positively correlated with advanced BA (Spearman rho=0.361, P<0.001) and exhibited moderate predictive value for advanced BA [area under the curve (AUC) =0.735; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.684-0.786]. Overweight and obesity were associated with increased odds of advanced BA after adjustment for age and sex [overweight: odds ratio (OR) =2.49, 95% CI: 1.435-4.314, P<0.05; obesity: OR =2.33, 95% CI: 1.463-3.71, P<0.001], whereas serum 25(OH)D levels showed no significant association. CONCLUSIONS: Overweight and obesity were significantly associated with advanced BA in this cross-sectional cohort of children from northwest China, whereas no significant association was detected between serum 25(OH)D and advanced BA. These findings highlight the importance of nutritional monitoring for healthy skeletal development in economically transitioning regions. CI - (c) AME Publishing Company. FAU - Li, Tingting AU - Li T AD - Department of Child Health Care, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-Care Hospital, Lanzhou, China. FAU - Nan, Nan AU - Nan N AD - Department of Child Health Care, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-Care Hospital, Lanzhou, China. FAU - Wei, Wenjie AU - Wei W AD - Academy of Fine Art & Design, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China. FAU - Zhu, Yin AU - Zhu Y AD - Department of Child Health Care, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-Care Hospital, Lanzhou, China. FAU - Huang, Lei AU - Huang L AD - Department of Child Health Care, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-Care Hospital, Lanzhou, China. FAU - Ma, Xuerong AU - Ma X AD - Department of Child Health Care, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-Care Hospital, Lanzhou, China. FAU - Du, Yongxia AU - Du Y AD - Department of Child Health Care, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-Care Hospital, Lanzhou, China. FAU - Zhang, Naqi AU - Zhang N AD - Department of Child Health Care, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-Care Hospital, Lanzhou, China. FAU - An, Dandan AU - An D AD - Department of Child Health Care, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-Care Hospital, Lanzhou, China. FAU - Bai, Wenjie AU - Bai W AD - Department of Child Health Care, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-Care Hospital, Lanzhou, China. FAU - Fan, Hongyan AU - Fan H AD - Department of Child Health Care, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-Care Hospital, Lanzhou, China. FAU - Wang, Chen AU - Wang C AD - Department of Scientific and Technological Development, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-Care Hospital, Lanzhou, China. FAU - Da, Zhenqiang AU - Da Z AD - Department of Medical Administration, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, Lanzhou, China. FAU - Xie, Xingwen AU - Xie X AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-2454-635X AD - Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260629 PL - China TA - Transl Pediatr JT - Translational pediatrics JID - 101649179 PMC - PMC13462753 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Body mass index (BMI) OT - bone age (BA) OT - children OT - northwest China OT - serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [serum 25(OH)D] COIS- Conflicts of Interest: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form (available at https://tp.amegroups.com/article/view/10.21037/tp-2026-0378/coif). The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. EDAT- 2026/08/13 12:42 MHDA- 2026/08/13 12:43 PMCR- 2026/07/31 CRDT- 2026/08/13 06:56 PHST- 2026/04/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/13 12:43 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/13 12:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/13 06:56 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - tp-15-07-266 [pii] AID - 10.21037/tp-2026-0378 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Transl Pediatr. 2026 Jul 31;15(7):266. doi: 10.21037/tp-2026-0378. Epub 2026 Jun 29. PMID- 42592010 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260813 LR - 20260814 IS - 2224-4344 (Print) IS - 2224-4344 (Electronic) IS - 2224-4336 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul 31 TI - Development of a parsimonious predictive model for height gain outcome in children with central precocious puberty following gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist therapy. PG - 284 LID - 10.21037/tp-2026-0254 [doi] LID - 284 AB - BACKGROUND: Central precocious puberty (CPP) is associated with compromised adult height if untreated, and gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) therapy remains the standard treatment. However, height gain during treatment varies considerably among patients, and clinically practical tools for early identification of children at risk for suboptimal growth response are lacking. This study aimed to identify prognostic determinants of suboptimal height gain during GnRHa therapy and to develop a parsimonious predictive model to facilitate evidence-based clinical decision-making and optimal intervention timing. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted enrolling children with CPP treated with triptorelin. Baseline clinical and biochemical parameters were collected, including chronological age, height standard deviation score (SDS), body mass index (BMI) SDS, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) SDS, bone age advancement [bone age minus chronological age (BA-CA)], Tanner stage, GnRH-stimulated luteinizing hormone (LH) peak, and serum estradiol concentrations. Patients were stratified into favorable and unfavorable outcome cohorts based on height gain during treatment. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent predictors. Three predictive models were constructed: M0 (comprehensive model with five predictors: IGF-1 SDS, BMI SDS, BA-CA, Tanner stage, and age), M1 (univariate model with IGF-1 SDS), and M2 (parsimonious model with IGF-1 SDS and BA-CA). Model performance was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration plots, decision curve analysis (DCA; 1-50% risk thresholds), and bootstrap internal validation. RESULTS: A total of 163 children with CPP were enrolled (favorable outcome: n=113; unfavorable outcome: n=50). Multivariable logistic regression identified BMI SDS [odds ratio (OR) =2.33, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.14-4.76, P=0.02], IGF-1 SDS (OR =1.94, 95% CI: 1.24-3.02, P=0.004), and bone age advancement (OR =21.49, 95% CI: 5.41-85.30, P<0.001) as independent predictors for unfavorable outcome. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.838 (95% CI: 0.774-0.903) for M0, 0.664 (95% CI: 0.573-0.754) for M1, and 0.815 (95% CI: 0.748-0.883) for M2. DeLong test revealed no significant difference between M2 and M0 (DeltaAUC =-0.023, P=0.24). Bootstrap internal validation (1,000 iterations) demonstrated optimism-corrected AUC values of 0.810, 0.661, and 0.807 for M0, M1, and M2, respectively. M2 exhibited optimal calibration slope (0.957, 95% CI: 0.642-1.389) closest to unity. Brier scores were 0.160 for M0 and 0.167 for M2. DCA demonstrated comparable clinical net benefit for M0 and M2 across 1-50% risk thresholds. CONCLUSIONS: The parsimonious model (M2) incorporating IGF-1 SDS and bone age advancement demonstrates robust predictive capability for height gain outcome in children with CPP receiving GnRHa therapy, comparable to the comprehensive model. This model may support early risk stratification and closer growth monitoring in selected patients; however, external validation and confirmation against final adult height outcomes are required before it can inform decisions about adjunctive interventions. CI - (c) AME Publishing Company. FAU - Lin, Xiaohong AU - Lin X AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yueqing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Yueqing, China. FAU - Lin, Kai AU - Lin K AD - Department of Radiology, Yueqing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Yueqing, China. FAU - Ye, Pengcheng AU - Ye P AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yueqing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Yueqing, China. FAU - Wang, Ben AU - Wang B AD - Department of Laboratory, Yueqing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Yueqing, China. FAU - Huang, Chongbin AU - Huang C AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yueqing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Yueqing, China. FAU - Hong, Jianyu AU - Hong J AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yueqing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Yueqing, China. FAU - Xue, Yunyun AU - Xue Y AD - Department of Medical Affairs, Yueqing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Yueqing, China. FAU - Qian, Xiaoquan AU - Qian X AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-9549-5677 AD - Department of Pathology, Yueqing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Yueqing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260727 PL - China TA - Transl Pediatr JT - Translational pediatrics JID - 101649179 PMC - PMC13462843 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Central precocious puberty (CPP) OT - bone age OT - gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) OT - height outcome OT - insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) COIS- Conflicts of Interest: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form (available at https://tp.amegroups.com/article/view/10.21037/tp-2026-0254/coif). The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. EDAT- 2026/08/13 12:42 MHDA- 2026/08/13 12:43 PMCR- 2026/07/31 CRDT- 2026/08/13 06:52 PHST- 2026/03/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/13 12:43 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/13 12:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/13 06:52 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - tp-15-07-284 [pii] AID - 10.21037/tp-2026-0254 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Transl Pediatr. 2026 Jul 31;15(7):284. doi: 10.21037/tp-2026-0254. Epub 2026 Jul 27. PMID- 42591968 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260813 LR - 20260814 IS - 2224-4344 (Print) IS - 2224-4344 (Electronic) IS - 2224-4336 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul 31 TI - An interpretable machine learning model based on routine clinical indicators for early identification of obesity-related non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in children: a single-center retrospective study. PG - 275 LID - 10.21037/tp-2026-0371 [doi] LID - 275 AB - BACKGROUND: There is still a lack of a noninvasive, individualized tool to pre-screen children with obesity for the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and to prioritize referral for confirmatory abdominal ultrasonography. In this study, we aimed to develop and interpret a machine learning (ML)-based model for predicting ultrasound-defined NAFLD risk among children with obesity using routine clinical and biochemical indicators. METHODS: This single-center retrospective study included 439 obese children treated at Siyang Hospital between February 2021 and December 2025. Demographic, anthropometric, and routine laboratory indicators were collected, and ultrasound-defined NAFLD was used as the study outcome. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and the Boruta algorithm were applied to identify robust predictive features, and six ML models-logistic regression, decision tree, random forest, extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), light gradient boosting machine (LightGBM), and support vector machine (SVM)-were developed and compared to determine the optimal model. Model performance was evaluated in the test set, and Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) was used to interpret the final model. RESULTS: A total of 439 obese children were included in the analysis, of whom 206 (46.9%) had ultrasound-defined NAFLD. Seven variables were selected to develop six ML models. Among these, the LightGBM model showed the best overall performance across multiple metrics, with comparable discrimination among the top models in the test set, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.870, accuracy of 0.823, precision of 0.828, sensitivity of 0.787, specificity of 0.855, and F1 score of 0.807. SHAP analysis further demonstrated that waist-to-height ratio contributed most to the model output, followed by body mass index (BMI), triglyceride-glucose index x waist circumference (TyG-WC), serum uric acid, and triglyceride-glucose index x body mass index (TyG-BMI). CONCLUSIONS: This study developed an interpretable ML-based model for predicting ultrasound-defined NAFLD risk in obese children using routine clinical and biochemical indicators. LightGBM showed the best overall predictive performance, with good calibration and potential clinical utility. It may serve as a noninvasive auxiliary tool to pre-screen children with obesity and prioritize referral for confirmatory abdominal ultrasonography, supporting early identification and risk assessment of ultrasound-defined NAFLD, although further multicenter prospective studies and external validation are still needed before broader clinical application. CI - (c) AME Publishing Company. FAU - Zhuang, Lili AU - Zhuang L AD - Department of Pediatrics, Siyang Hospital, Suqian, China. FAU - Dai, Jinxing AU - Dai J AD - Department of Pediatrics, Siyang Hospital, Suqian, China. FAU - Wang, Jiajia AU - Wang J AD - Cancer Center, Siyang Hospital, Suqian, China. FAU - Shi, Qianjin AU - Shi Q AD - Cancer Center, Siyang Hospital, Suqian, China. FAU - Shen, Kang AU - Shen K AD - Cancer Center, Siyang Hospital, Suqian, China. FAU - Qiu, Hao AU - Qiu H AD - Cancer Center, Siyang Hospital, Suqian, China. FAU - Qiu, Weibing AU - Qiu W AD - Department of Pediatrics, Siyang Hospital, Suqian, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260627 PL - China TA - Transl Pediatr JT - Translational pediatrics JID - 101649179 PMC - PMC13462896 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Childhood obesity OT - Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) OT - light gradient boosting machine (LightGBM) OT - machine learning (ML) OT - non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) COIS- Conflicts of Interest: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form (available at https://tp.amegroups.com/article/view/10.21037/tp-2026-0371/coif). The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. EDAT- 2026/08/13 12:43 MHDA- 2026/08/13 12:44 PMCR- 2026/07/31 CRDT- 2026/08/13 06:48 PHST- 2026/04/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/13 12:44 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/13 12:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/13 06:48 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - tp-15-07-275 [pii] AID - 10.21037/tp-2026-0371 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Transl Pediatr. 2026 Jul 31;15(7):275. doi: 10.21037/tp-2026-0371. Epub 2026 Jun 27. PMID- 42591247 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260813 LR - 20260814 IS - 1664-1078 (Print) IS - 1664-1078 (Electronic) IS - 1664-1078 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - The impact of physical activity on executive function in college students: the chain mediating role of anxiety and sleep quality. PG - 1853278 LID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1853278 [doi] LID - 1853278 AB - BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Executive function (EF) serves as a critical regulatory hub for goal-directed behavior, yet its operational integrity is increasingly threatened by the sedentary lifestyles and psychological stressors prevalent in higher education. While the cognitive benefits of exercise are documented, the specific pathways through which it navigates psychological and physiological barriers remain underexplored. This study constructs a chain mediation model to elucidate how physical activity (PA) optimizes EF by sequentially modulating anxiety and sleep quality (SQ) among university students. METHODS: Data collection was conducted in December 2025, involving a multi-stage cluster convenience sample of 2,033 students across six Chinese provinces. Participants (mean age 19.0 +/- 1.1) completed a battery of validated instruments, including the Single-Item Measure for PA, the GAD-2 for anxiety, the Single-Item Sleep Quality Scale, and the Adolescent Executive Function Scale. Structural relationships were analyzed using the SPSS PROCESS macro (Model 6) while controlling for demographic covariates such as gender, age, and socioeconomic background. RESULTS: Path analysis confirmed that PA positively predicts EF proficiency, with the direct effect accounting for 49.53% of the total variance. Beyond this direct link, the relationship is substantiated by three distinct mediating trajectories: (1) a psychological pathway via anxiety reduction (31.78%), (2) a physiological pathway via enhanced sleep quality (14.02%), (3) a sequential chain pathway wherein PA alleviates anxiety, which subsequently optimizes sleep, leading to superior executive performance (4.67%). All mediating effects reached statistical significance as evidenced by bootstrap confidence intervals. CONCLUSION: These findings transition the understanding of physical intervention from a unilinear correlation to a multi-systemic synergistic response. Exercise functions not only as a cognitive catalyst but also as a vital buffer that prevents the maladaptive depletion of neural resources by stabilizing emotional oscillations and facilitating physiological restoration. The results underscore the necessity for higher education institutions to integrate physical activity, psychological counseling, and sleep hygiene management into a cohesive framework for cognitive health. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Li, Wan, Ru, Wang, Wang, Liu, Liang, Zhang and Bao. FAU - Li, Yuhao AU - Li Y AD - Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China. FAU - Wan, Xiaotong AU - Wan X AD - School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China. FAU - Ru, Aojie AU - Ru A AD - School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China. FAU - Wang, Yanfei AU - Wang Y AD - Department of Science and Education, Xilingol League Central Hospital, Xilinhot, China. FAU - Wang, Jing AU - Wang J AD - Department of Anesthesiology for Surgery, Xilingol League Central Hospital, Xilinhot, China. FAU - Liu, Yang AU - Liu Y AD - Jishou University, Jishou, China. FAU - Liang, Zhiru AU - Liang Z AD - Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xilingol League Central Hospital, Xilinhot, China. FAU - Zhang, Hui AU - Zhang H AD - School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China. AD - Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University (Anhui Public Health Clinical Center), Hefei, China. FAU - Bao, Yin AU - Bao Y AD - Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xilingol League Central Hospital, Xilinhot, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260729 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Psychol JT - Frontiers in psychology JID - 101550902 PMC - PMC13461551 OTO - NOTNLM OT - anxiety OT - chain mediation OT - college students OT - executive function OT - physical activity OT - sleep quality COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/13 12:42 MHDA- 2026/08/13 12:43 PMCR- 2026/07/29 CRDT- 2026/08/13 05:22 PHST- 2026/04/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/13 12:43 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/13 12:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/13 05:22 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1853278 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Psychol. 2026 Jul 29;17:1853278. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1853278. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42590622 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260813 LR - 20260815 IS - 1424-8220 (Electronic) IS - 1424-8220 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 15 DP - 2026 Aug 1 TI - Assessing Sprint Mechanical Outputs Derived from LPS, Radar and Laser Technologies in Basketball. LID - 10.3390/s26154845 [doi] LID - 4845 AB - Sprint mechanical profiling is widely used in team sports, yet the agreement between field-based measurement systems in indoor environments remains unclear. This study compared sprint mechanical outputs derived from a Kinexon local positioning system (LPS), radar, and laser during maximal indoor basketball sprints and examined their inter-system agreement and inter-trial reliability. Twenty-two elite youth basketball players performed maximal 28 m linear sprints recorded simultaneously using the three technologies. Sprint kinematics were modeled using a mono-exponential approach applied to the native signals provided by each system to derive theoretical maximal velocity (S(0)), theoretical maximal acceleration (A(0)), and acceleration time constant (Tau). Inter-system agreement was assessed using mean bias and 95% limits of agreement, while inter-trial reliability was evaluated using coefficients of variation (CV), change in the mean, and standard error of measurement. Radar and laser showed close agreement for S(0) (bias = -0.07 +/- 0.17 m.s(-1); relative error = 0.89%), whereas LPS systematically overestimated S(0), with relative systematic errors of 5.26-6.49%. Acceleration-related parameters exhibited larger inter-system discrepancies, with relative errors up to 3.92% for A(0) and 10.55% for Tau. Inter-trial reliability was high across all systems (CV < 1.5% for S(0) and 3.7-4.7% for A(0) and Tau). These findings indicate that sprint mechanical outputs should not be used interchangeably across technologies, particularly for acceleration-related variables, although all systems remain suitable for within-system longitudinal monitoring in applied basketball settings. FAU - Irid, Yannis AU - Irid Y AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-9648-4127 AD - IRMES-UMR 7329, Institut de Recherche Medicale et d'Epidemiologie du Sport, Universite de Paris Cite, 75012 Paris, France. AD - Institut National du Sport, de l'Expertise et de la Performance (INSEP), 75012 Paris, France. AD - Federation Francaise de Basketball (FFBB), 75013 Paris, France. FAU - Fenaux, Eric AU - Fenaux E AD - Ef-E-Sciences, Independent Scientific Consultancy, 75009 Paris, France. FAU - Legoupil, Romeo AU - Legoupil R AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-7362-5402 AD - IRMES-UMR 7329, Institut de Recherche Medicale et d'Epidemiologie du Sport, Universite de Paris Cite, 75012 Paris, France. FAU - Tachdjian, Mathis AU - Tachdjian M AD - Institut National du Sport, de l'Expertise et de la Performance (INSEP), 75012 Paris, France. FAU - Leduc, Cedric AU - Leduc C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8054-546X AD - IRMES-UMR 7329, Institut de Recherche Medicale et d'Epidemiologie du Sport, Universite de Paris Cite, 75012 Paris, France. AD - Center for Human Performance, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds LS1 3HE, UK. AD - Federation Francaise de Tennis (FFT), 75016 Paris, France. FAU - Toussaint, Jean-Francois AU - Toussaint JF AD - IRMES-UMR 7329, Institut de Recherche Medicale et d'Epidemiologie du Sport, Universite de Paris Cite, 75012 Paris, France. AD - Institut National du Sport, de l'Expertise et de la Performance (INSEP), 75012 Paris, France. AD - Centre d'Investigation en Medecine du Sport, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Hotel-Dieu, 75004 Paris, France. FAU - Sedeaud, Adrien AU - Sedeaud A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8492-3579 AD - IRMES-UMR 7329, Institut de Recherche Medicale et d'Epidemiologie du Sport, Universite de Paris Cite, 75012 Paris, France. AD - Institut National du Sport, de l'Expertise et de la Performance (INSEP), 75012 Paris, France. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260801 PL - Switzerland TA - Sensors (Basel) JT - Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101204366 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Basketball/physiology MH - *Lasers MH - *Radar MH - Biomechanical Phenomena MH - Acceleration MH - *Running/physiology MH - Reproducibility of Results PMC - PMC13468825 OTO - NOTNLM OT - acceleration mechanics OT - athlete monitoring OT - indoor tracking OT - sprint profiling OT - team sports COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/13 05:35 MHDA- 2026/08/13 05:36 PMCR- 2026/08/01 CRDT- 2026/08/13 01:08 PHST- 2026/04/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/13 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/13 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/13 01:08 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - s26154845 [pii] AID - sensors-26-04845 [pii] AID - 10.3390/s26154845 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sensors (Basel). 2026 Aug 1;26(15):4845. doi: 10.3390/s26154845. PMID- 42589895 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260813 LR - 20260815 IS - 2077-0383 (Print) IS - 2077-0383 (Electronic) IS - 2077-0383 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 15 DP - 2026 Jul 24 TI - Strong Family-Level Clustering of Adolescent Weight Status Despite Limited Associations with Individual Parental Anthropometric and Metabolic Characteristics. LID - 10.3390/jcm15155790 [doi] LID - 5790 AB - Objectives: Familial aggregation of obesity has been consistently reported; however, previous studies have predominantly relied on body mass index (BMI)-based associations and have dedicated insufficient time to examining the contribution of measurable parental biological traits to family-level clustering. We investigated associations between parental anthropometric and metabolic characteristics and adolescent weight status in families in which at least one parent had obesity, while exploring family-level clustering patterns. Methods: This cross-sectional family-based study included 34 families comprising 110 individuals (65 parents and 45 adolescents) consecutively recruited from primary care registries. Participants underwent anthropometric and biochemical evaluation, including indices of central body fat distribution. Linear mixed models were used to investigate associations between parental characteristics and adolescent BMI percentile while accounting for non-independence of observations within families. Results: Mean parental BMI was 31.37 +/- 5.67 kg/m(2), while 61.5% of parents had obesity. Among adolescents, 28.9% had BMI percentile between the 85th and 95th percentiles and 13.3% had a BMI percentile > 95th percentile. Strong family-level clustering of adolescent weight status was consistently observed across analyses, with intraclass correlation coefficients ranging from 0.716 to 0.728. In contrast, parental characteristics demonstrated limited explanatory contribution (marginal R(2) 0.028-0.044), while no isolated parental variable showed a significant association with adolescent BMI percentile. Conclusions: Strong family-level clustering of adolescent weight status was observed despite the absence of significant associations with individual parental anthropometric and metabolic characteristics, suggesting that familial obesity susceptibility may reflect shared influences extending beyond routinely measurable traits alone. FAU - Mournos, Vasilios AU - Mournos V AD - Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece. FAU - Dimakopoulos, Georgios AU - Dimakopoulos G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2351-7411 AD - BIOSTATS, Epirus Science and Technology Park Campus, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece. FAU - Makridou, Theano AU - Makridou T AD - General Hospital of Veria, 59132 Veria, Greece. FAU - Kontotasios, Konstantinos AU - Kontotasios K AD - General Hospital of Veria, 59132 Veria, Greece. FAU - Pournaras, Dimitri J AU - Pournaras DJ AD - North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK. AD - Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1UD, UK. FAU - le Roux, Carel W AU - le Roux CW AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5521-5445 AD - School of Medicine, University College Dublin, DO4 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland. FAU - Kokkinos, Alexander AU - Kokkinos A AD - First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece. FAU - Kotsa, Kalliopi AU - Kotsa K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2376-740X AD - Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism and Diabetes Center, First Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA University Hospital, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece. FAU - Koufakis, Theocharis AU - Koufakis T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5853-1352 AD - Second Propaedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration General Hospital, 49 Konstantinoupoleos Str., 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260724 PL - Switzerland TA - J Clin Med JT - Journal of clinical medicine JID - 101606588 PMC - PMC13466985 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescent obesity OT - anthropometric characteristics OT - body mass index OT - family clustering COIS- DJP declares consulting fees from Johnson & Johnson, Novo Nordisk, Eli Lilly, Pfizer, GSK and Medtronic as well as honoraria from Johnson & Johnson, Medtronic, Sandoz and Novo Nordisk. ClR reports grants from the EU Innovative Medicine Initiative, Irish Research Council, Science Foundation Ireland, Anabio, and the Health Research Board. He serves on advisory boards and speakers panels of Abbvie, Altimmune, Amgen, Arrowhead Pharma, Astrazeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lily, Gila Pharmaceuticals, Herbalife, Irish Life Health, Johnson and Johnson, Keyron, Medscape, Metsera, Morphic Medical, Novo Nordisk, Nymble, Olympus, Pfizer, Rhythm Pharma, Roche, Wave, and Zealand Pharma. ClR is the Chair of the Irish Society for Nutrition and Metabolism. ClR received stock options as payment for scientific advisory board functions from Nymble. ClR provides obesity clinical care at the My Best Weight clinic and Beyond BMI clinic and is a co-owner of these clinics. AK reports research grants through his institution by Novo Nordisk Greece, Pharmaserve Lilly Greece, and ELPEN Pharma Greece. AK is on the speakers' bureau for Novo Nordisk Greece, Pharmaserve Lilly Greece, Astra Zeneca Greece, MSD Greece, Sanofi Greece, Bausch Health Greece, Ethicon Greece, Galenica Pharma Greece, Epsilon Health Greece, Winmedica Greece, and Viatris, and has consulting agreements with Novo Nordisk Greece, Pharmaserve Lilly Greece, Sanofi Greece, and Boehringer Ingelheim. TK has received honoraria for lectures from AstraZeneca, Sanofi, Boehringer Ingelheim, Pharmaserve Lilly, ELPEN, Menarini, and Novo Nordisk, for serving on advisory boards from Novo Nordisk, Roche Diagnostics, Sanofi, and Boehringer Ingelheim and has participated in sponsored studies by Eli-Lilly, AstraZeneca, and Novo Nordisk. The other authors declare that no conflicts of interest or financial relationships relevant to this article exist. EDAT- 2026/08/13 05:35 MHDA- 2026/08/13 05:36 PMCR- 2026/07/24 CRDT- 2026/08/13 01:05 PHST- 2026/06/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/13 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/13 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/13 01:05 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jcm15155790 [pii] AID - jcm-15-05790 [pii] AID - 10.3390/jcm15155790 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Clin Med. 2026 Jul 24;15(15):5790. doi: 10.3390/jcm15155790. PMID- 42588200 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260813 LR - 20260827 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 15 DP - 2026 Aug 6 TI - Is Phenylalanine Restricted Dietary Treatment in Phenylketonuria Associated with Disordered Eating: A Systematic Review. LID - 10.3390/nu18152576 [doi] LID - 2576 AB - Background: In phenylketonuria (PKU), the lifelong phenylalanine (Phe)-restricted diet may contribute to altered feeding behaviours and disordered eating. The true prevalence of disordered eating and eating disorders remains uncertain, partly because validated PKU-specific assessment tools are lacking. This systematic review aimed to identify, appraise, and synthesise the evidence on disordered eating and eating disorders in PKU. Methods: Four electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane) were searched from inception to 24 February 2026. English-language studies reporting disordered eating or eating disorders in early-diagnosed individuals with PKU managed with a Phe-restricted diet, with or without drug therapy, were included. Studies of late- or never-treated patients, pregnancy, lactation, reviews, and preclinical studies were excluded. Two independent reviewers conducted study selection and data extraction. Outcomes included the prevalence of eating disorders, disordered eating behaviours and attitudes, associated factors, and the influence of drug treatment. Findings were synthesised qualitatively, and risk of bias was assessed using the NIH Study Quality Assessment Tools. Results: Twenty-four studies (2928 individuals with PKU) met the inclusion criteria. Most were observational or survey-based. Eating disorders were reported more frequently in PKU (3-13%) than in the general population (n = 4 studies). Common disordered eating features included food neophobia (n = 5 studies), limited food variety (n = 9), food aversion or refusal (n = 5), poor appetite (n = 5), prolonged mealtimes (n = 3), negative parent-child mealtime interactions (n = 6), and specific taste preferences (n = 5). Delayed feeding skill development (n = 6 studies), reduced social eating (n = 6), gastrointestinal symptoms (n = 8), and psychological or neurodevelopmental difficulties (n = 7) were also associated with disordered eating. Early feeding difficulties frequently persisted into adulthood, and longstanding eating behaviours did not consistently improve with pharmaceutical treatment (n = 6 studies). Most studies were rated as fair quality (19/24), with common limitations including small sample sizes, lack of sample-size justification, non-validated assessment tools, and absence of randomised controlled trials. Conclusions: Current evidence suggests that people with PKU experience a greater burden of eating-related difficulties than the general population, although robust estimates of eating disorder prevalence remain lacking. Existing screening tools may misclassify treatment-related dietary behaviours as pathological or fail to identify PKU-specific eating concerns. Development of PKU-specific screening tools could support routine clinical discussions about eating behaviours and the psychosocial impact of dietary treatment, facilitating earlier identification of individuals requiring specialist eating disorder assessment. (Prospero registration: CRD42024539600). FAU - Evans, Sharon AU - Evans S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7654-3621 AD - Birmingham Children's Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK. FAU - Ilgaz, Fatma AU - Ilgaz F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6518-0255 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06100, Turkey. FAU - MacDonald, Anita AU - MacDonald A AD - Birmingham Children's Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK. LA - eng GR - Nutricia (United Kingdom)/ PT - Journal Article PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20260806 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 47E5O17Y3R (Phenylalanine) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Feeding and Eating Disorders/epidemiology/etiology/diet therapy MH - Feeding Behavior MH - *Phenylalanine/blood MH - *Phenylketonurias/diet therapy/complications/psychology MH - Prevalence MH - Diet, Protein-Restricted PMC - PMC13467740 OTO - NOTNLM OT - PKU OT - disordered eating OT - eating disorders OT - phenylketonuria COIS- The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. S.E. receives research funding from Vitaflo. F.I. declares no conflicts of interest in relation to this project. A.M. has received research or advisory board funding from Ajinomoto Cambrooke, Applied Pharma Research, Arla Food Ingredients, BioMarin Pharmaceutical, Galen Pharma, Ipsen Pharma, Jnana Therapeutics, MetaHealth, metaX, Nutricia, PIAM, PTC Therapeutics, and Vitaflo International. EDAT- 2026/08/13 05:35 MHDA- 2026/08/13 05:36 PMCR- 2026/08/06 CRDT- 2026/08/13 01:02 PHST- 2026/06/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/13 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/13 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/13 01:02 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18152576 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-02576 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18152576 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Aug 6;18(15):2576. doi: 10.3390/nu18152576. PMID- 42588180 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260813 LR - 20260815 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 15 DP - 2026 Aug 5 TI - Body Composition Assessment in Pediatric Cystic Fibrosis in the Highly Effective Modulator Therapy Era-A Pilot Study. LID - 10.3390/nu18152557 [doi] LID - 2557 AB - Background/Objectives: The prevalence of obesity in cystic fibrosis (CF) has increased following the introduction of highly effective modulator therapy (HEMT). However, the impact of increased adiposity on the lung function of pediatric patients with CF (ppwCF) in the era of HEMT remains incompletely understood. Furthermore, while the body mass index (BMI) is the most commonly used nutritional marker in CF care, it has important limitations and may not accurately reflect body composition. Methods: In this cross-sectional pilot study, ppwCF aged 5-18 years completed Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) while a subset completed a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan and spirometry. Normality was assessed using Shapiro-Wilk tests. Correlations, categorical association, agreement tests, Firth penalized logistic regression, and exploratory linear regression of continuous FEV1% predicted were used to examine relationships among anthropometric measurements, body compositions, and pulmonary function. Results: Thirty-four individuals completed study procedures (19 female (56%); mean age 9.85 (SD 3.58)). BIA and DXA-derived body fat percentages were strongly correlated, and categorical agreement was moderate (Cohen's Kappa 0.574; p-value 0.005). In age and sex-adjusted linear regression, BIA fat percentage (beta = -0.23; 95% CI, -1.09 to 0.64; p = 0.595) and DXA fat percentage (beta = -0.47; 95% CI, -2.14 to 1.21; p = 0.552) were not significantly associated with FEV1% predicted. Similarly, Firth logistic models showed no statistically significant association between the adiposity category and reduced lung function. Conclusions: BIA-derived body fat measurements correlate with DXA-derived measurements in ppwCF and demonstrate feasibility for use in routine CF clinic visits. This pilot cohort did not show a statistically significant relationship between higher adiposity and poorer pulmonary function. However, the wide confidence intervals indicate substantial uncertainty. Larger prospective studies are needed to evaluate longitudinal relationships between body composition and lung function in the HEMT era. FAU - Yavelow, Michelle AU - Yavelow M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5660-8862 AD - Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA. AD - Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA. FAU - Tsalatsanis, Athanasios AU - Tsalatsanis A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3818-8283 AD - Office of Research, Research Methodology and Biostatistics Core, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA. FAU - Couluris, Marisa AU - Couluris M AD - Division of Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA. FAU - Reynolds, Danielle AU - Reynolds D AD - USF Diabetes and Endocrinology Center, Health Informatics Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA. FAU - Khalaf, Racha T AU - Khalaf RT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5010-8149 AD - Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA. LA - eng GR - HSC-611900-22000-000000-0000000-8880153000/North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260805 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Pilot Projects MH - Female MH - *Cystic Fibrosis/physiopathology/drug therapy/complications MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Body Composition MH - Absorptiometry, Photon MH - Electric Impedance MH - Child, Preschool MH - Body Mass Index MH - Adiposity MH - Spirometry PMC - PMC13468600 OTO - NOTNLM OT - bioelectrical impedance analysis OT - body composition OT - body mass index OT - cystic fibrosis OT - dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry OT - fat mass OT - lung function OT - modulator therapy OT - pediatrics COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/13 05:35 MHDA- 2026/08/13 05:36 PMCR- 2026/08/05 CRDT- 2026/08/13 01:02 PHST- 2026/06/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/13 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/13 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/13 01:02 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18152557 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-02557 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18152557 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Aug 5;18(15):2557. doi: 10.3390/nu18152557. PMID- 42588145 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260813 LR - 20260815 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 15 DP - 2026 Aug 4 TI - Sex-Specific Associations Between MTHFR, PPARG and ADRB3 Polymorphisms, Habitual Nutrient Intake and Metabolic Risk in Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Single-Centre Study. LID - 10.3390/nu18152522 [doi] LID - 2522 AB - Background/Objectives: Genetic polymorphisms modulate the risk of metabolic complications of obesity; yet, it remains unclear how genotype reshapes actual dietary intake and why these mechanisms differ between men and women. The aim of this study was to identify sex-specific associations of three common polymorphisms (MTHFR C677T, PPARG Pro12Ala, ADRB3 Trp64Arg) with habitual nutrient intake in patients with obesity, and to explore candidate sex-differentiated dietary hypotheses for future prospective testing. Methods: A single-centre cross-sectional study was performed in 348 patients with obesity (83 men, 265 women; BMI >/= 30 kg/m(2); age 18-60 years). Genotyping was performed by allele-specific real-time PCR from buccal swabs. Habitual intake of more than 18 nutrients was assessed using a standardised Russian software-based questionnaire. Statistical analysis included Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests with Bonferroni correction (threshold p < 0.017), as well as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals. Genotype distributions were tested for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, and genotype-nutrient associations were additionally examined in models adjusted for age, BMI and total energy intake. Results: Three genotype-phenotype associations remained significant after Bonferroni correction. In men, the dominant-heterozygous MTHFR C/T genotype was associated with a hypercaloric dietary pattern-excess protein, fat, sodium and phosphorus-and with a high risk of arterial hypertension (OR 5.96, 95% CI 1.48-24.08; p = 0.010). The sodium load in C/T carriers was a consequence of overall overeating rather than a selective preference for salty foods. In men, ADRB3 Trp64Arg carriage was associated with massive dietary cholesterol overconsumption (+466% vs. +153% in Trp/Trp; p = 0.012), whereas in women the opposite direction was observed. The PPARG G/G genotype in women was associated with elevated alanine aminotransferase (p = 0.027), most pronounced under 40 years (p = 0.011), and is considered a marker of hepatic risk without a confirmed dietary target. In women, the MTHFR T/T homozygous genotype showed suggestive associations with excessive mono-/disaccharide intake and a tendency toward hypertension (OR 2.62, 95% CI 1.07-6.43; p = 0.035); however, these did not survive FDR correction and require independent validation. Conclusions: Genetic polymorphisms were associated with sex-specific patterns of actual dietary intake, a finding that extends current knowledge beyond biochemical risk associations. Based on these associations, we propose testable hypotheses rather than clinical recommendations: that caloric restriction (with consequent sodium reduction) in men with MTHFR C/T, cholesterol restriction in men with ADRB3 Arg64, and mono-/disaccharide restriction in women with MTHFR T/T might reduce metabolic risk; women with PPARG G/G may warrant ALT monitoring. These findings suggest that genotype-informed dietary strategies may need to be sex-specific, and that the window for intervention may be earlier in life than currently practised. However, these hypotheses require prospective interventional validation before any clinical application. FAU - Lapik, Irina A AU - Lapik IA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0963-0792 AD - Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, 2/14 Ustinsky Proyezd, Moscow 109240, Russia. FAU - Tarmaeva, Inna Yu AU - Tarmaeva IY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7791-1222 AD - Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, 2/14 Ustinsky Proyezd, Moscow 109240, Russia. FAU - Nikityuk, Dmitry B AU - Nikityuk DB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4968-4517 AD - Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, 2/14 Ustinsky Proyezd, Moscow 109240, Russia. AD - I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow 119991, Russia. LA - eng GR - FGMF-2026-0014/Federal Research Centre of Nutrition and Biotechnology/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260804 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 0 (PPAR gamma) RN - 0 (Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3) RN - 0 (ADRB3 protein, human) RN - EC 1.5.1.20 (Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2)) RN - EC 1.5.1.20 (MTHFR protein, human) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Adult MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Middle Aged MH - *PPAR gamma/genetics MH - *Obesity/genetics MH - *Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3/genetics MH - Adolescent MH - *Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2)/genetics MH - Young Adult MH - Sex Factors MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Genotype MH - *Polymorphism, Genetic MH - Genetic Predisposition to Disease MH - Risk Factors MH - Diet MH - Genetic Association Studies PMC - PMC13468027 OTO - NOTNLM OT - ADRB3 Trp64Arg OT - MTHFR C677T OT - PPARG Pro12Ala OT - arterial hypertension OT - habitual dietary intake OT - metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease OT - nutrigenetics OT - obesity OT - personalised prevention OT - sex differences COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/13 05:35 MHDA- 2026/08/13 05:36 PMCR- 2026/08/04 CRDT- 2026/08/13 01:02 PHST- 2026/07/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/13 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/13 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/13 01:02 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18152522 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-02522 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18152522 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Aug 4;18(15):2522. doi: 10.3390/nu18152522. PMID- 42588098 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260813 LR - 20260815 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 15 DP - 2026 Jul 30 TI - Effects of Three Consecutive Days of Diurnal Intermittent Fasting on Cognitive Function, Psychomotor Vigilance, and Sleep Quality in Adolescent Male Soccer Players: A Quasi-Experimental Parallel-Group Study. LID - 10.3390/nu18152475 [doi] LID - 2475 AB - Aim: While voluntary Islamic intermittent fasting (IF) of three consecutive days (mimicking practices such as Ayyam al-Bid) may be observed by Muslim athletes, its short-term effects on cognitive function and sleep quality in adolescent team-sport athletes remain unexamined. This study investigated the impact of three successive days of dawn-to-sunset IF on memory, attention, psychomotor vigilance, and subjective sleep quality in young male soccer players. Methods: A quasi-experimental, parallel-group design was employed. Thirty-five male soccer players (age: 15.6 +/- 0.8 years; body mass: 55.07 +/- 6.53 kg) were allocated to an IF group (n = 17) or a non-fasting control group (n = 18). The fasting protocol comprised approximately 14 consecutive hours of complete food and fluid abstinence per day (from 04:40 to 18:36, with daily variations of -3 min for the dawn and +2 min for the sunset, local time). Cognitive function was assessed using the CogniFit Cognitive Assessment Battery (CAB) and the Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT), and subjective well-being was quantified via the Hooper Index. Both assessment sessions were conducted between 14:00 and 17:00 to control for diurnal variation. Results: The Group x Time interaction for single-item subjective sleep quality reached nominal significance at the unadjusted threshold (Z = 2.18, p = 0.029, r = 0.37) but did not survive Bonferroni correction for the four Hooper Index comparisons (alpha = 0.0125); this result is therefore interpreted as hypothesis-generating only, reflecting a within-group deterioration in the control group (p < 0.05) alongside a non-significant marginal improvement in the fasting group. No statistically significant Group x Time interaction was detected for any memory subdomain (all p >/= 0.419, r 0.176, r 0.192, eta(2)p/r /= 3 days/week) using sociodemographic, behavioural, dietary, and psychosocial predictors. Model performance was evaluated using the area under the curve (AUC) and accuracy. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) and partial dependence plots were employed to interpret feature importance and functional relationships. RESULTS: Overall, 61.8% of participants in the analytic sample met the MSE guideline. The XGBoost model demonstrated robust predictive performance (AUC = 0.835; Accuracy = 0.769). Feature importance analysis identified moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), sex, and fruit intake as the top predictors. SHAP summary plots revealed that higher MVPA, male sex, and healthier dietary behaviours were associated with a higher probability of meeting the guideline, while poorer mental health was linked to lower adherence. CONCLUSION: MSE participation is not an isolated behaviour but is strongly clustered with aerobic activity and a broader healthy lifestyle profile. The findings highlight significant sex disparities and the role of psychosocial well-being in strengthening behaviours. Explainable machine learning provides a useful framework for identifying and prioritising correlates associated with MSE participation, which may help inform future hypothesis-driven research and potential public health strategies. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Ge, Bi. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Ge, Yiwei AU - Ge Y AD - Teaching and Research Unit of Physical Education, Department of Public Teaching, Shanghai Institute of Tourism, Shanghai, China. FAU - Bi, Jingkun AU - Bi J AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-1945-1940 AD - Teaching and Research Unit of Physical Education, Department of General Studies, Shanghai Urban Construction Vocational College, Shanghai, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260812 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - *Machine Learning MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Boosting Machine Learning Algorithms MH - *Exercise/physiology MH - *Muscle Strength/physiology MH - Predictive Learning Models MH - *Resistance Training PMC - PMC13465836 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/08/12 17:35 MHDA- 2026/08/12 17:36 PMCR- 2026/08/12 CRDT- 2026/08/12 13:34 PHST- 2025/12/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/12 17:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/12 17:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/12 13:34 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-25-68940 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0354343 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 Aug 12;21(8):e0354343. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0354343. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42584861 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260812 LR - 20260812 IS - 1944-7558 (Electronic) IS - 1944-7558 (Linking) VI - 131 IP - 3 DP - 2026 TI - Telehealth Administration of the Affect in Play Scale in Children with Developmental Differences. PG - 204-211 LID - 10.1080/19447558.2026.2615614 [doi] AB - The Affect in Play Scale (APS) is a standardized pretend play assessment that measures cognitive and affective skills in school-aged children. We examined the comparative utility of the APS via telehealth across three diagnostic groups. Ninety-four children ages 6 to 9 who were either typically developing or had high-functioning autism spectrum disorder or Prader-Willi syndrome completed the APS either in-person or via videoconferencing in a single mode administration design. Equivalence analyses compared in-person versus remote APS scores within diagnostic groups. Paired samples t tests revealed no significant differences between groups on all APS variables (ps > .073). Results support equivalence and feasibility of the remote APS for school-aged children with and without developmental differences. Recommendations for administration are discussed. FAU - Gordon, Rachel A AU - Gordon RA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7566-6868 AD - Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH. FAU - Doernberg, Ellen A AU - Doernberg EA AD - Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA. FAU - Dimitropoulos, Anastasia AU - Dimitropoulos A AD - Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH. FAU - Russ, Sandra W AU - Russ SW AD - Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260225 PL - United States TA - Am J Intellect Dev Disabil JT - American journal on intellectual and developmental disabilities JID - 101492916 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Female MH - *Play and Playthings MH - *Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis/physiopathology MH - Male MH - *Prader-Willi Syndrome/diagnosis/physiopathology MH - Telemedicine MH - *Affect/physiology MH - *Psychometrics/instrumentation OTO - NOTNLM OT - Affect in Play Scale OT - Prader-Willi Syndrome OT - Pretend play OT - assessment OT - autism spectrum disorder OT - telehealth EDAT- 2026/08/12 17:35 MHDA- 2026/08/12 17:36 CRDT- 2026/08/12 11:25 PHST- 2026/08/12 17:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/12 17:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/12 11:25 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/19447558.2026.2615614 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Am J Intellect Dev Disabil. 2026;131(3):204-211. doi: 10.1080/19447558.2026.2615614. Epub 2026 Feb 25. PMID- 42584023 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261013 LR - 20261013 IS - 1097-0223 (Electronic) IS - 0197-3851 (Linking) VI - 46 IP - 11 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Trio-Exome-Based Mendelian Inheritance Error Analysis Helps Identify Uniparental Disomies and Resolve Discordant NIPT Findings. PG - 1711-1720 LID - 10.1002/pd.70238 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Uniparental disomy (UPD), particularly heterodisomy (hUPD), is an underdiagnosed etiology in cases of fetal growth restriction (FGR) and discordant noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT). Because conventional absence-of-heterozygosity (AOH) analysis frequently misses hUPDs, we aimed to validate a systematic Mendelian inheritance error (MIE) analysis pipeline for trio exome sequencing (trio-ES) to resolve ambiguous prenatal findings. METHOD: A two-stage study analyzed 1948 parent-offspring trios (postnatal and prenatal samples). A retrospective cohort (n = 992) established and validated a quantitative biparental inheritance percentage (BPI%) threshold. This workflow was prospectively applied (n = 956) to evaluate clinical utility, focusing on discordant NIPT and unexplained fetal growth restriction (FGR). Orthogonal analysis of methylation or short-tandem repeats (STR) were used to confirm identified UPD. RESULTS: Utilizing a BPI% < 0.7 threshold, the pipeline identified 12 clinically significant UPD events. Crucially, 25% (3/12) were hUPDs missed by standard AOH analysis of exome. Prenatally, the pipeline resolved 57.1% (4/7; 95% CI: 18.4%-90.1%) of discordant NIPT cases, inferring trisomy rescue and confined placental mosaicism that explained the associated FGR. Postnatally, it unmasked 8 UPD events associated with imprinting disorders for pediatric cases. CONCLUSION: MIE analysis of existing trio-ES data effectively captures hUPDs missed by conventional AOH analysis. Routine integration of this pipeline resolves discordant NIPT results, explains FGR, and enables comprehensive UPD detection. CI - (c) 2026 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. All rights reserved, including rights for text and data mining and training of artificial intelligence technologies or similar technologies. FAU - Xu, Ting AU - Xu T AD - Clinical Genetics Center, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Zeng, Qingwen AU - Zeng Q AD - Department of Laboratory, Shanghai Jiahui International Hospital, Shanghai, China. FAU - Lu, Xinyi AU - Lu X AD - Clinical Genetics Center, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Huo, Xiaoyan AU - Huo X AD - Clinical Genetics Center, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Liu, Huili AU - Liu H AD - Clinical Genetics Center, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Yang, Tingting AU - Yang T AD - Clinical Genetics Center, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Chen, Linlin AU - Chen L AD - Clinical Genetics Center, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Zhao, Qianfeng AU - Zhao Q AD - Clinical Genetics Center, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Liu, Yi AU - Liu Y AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-5029-4104 AD - Clinical Genetics Center, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Sun, Yu AU - Sun Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2938-0233 AD - Clinical Genetics Center, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Xiao, Bing AU - Xiao B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3736-6714 AD - Clinical Genetics Center, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Qiu, Wenjuan AU - Qiu W AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Wang, Lei AU - Wang L AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Zhu, Hong AU - Zhu H AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Zhang, Huiwen AU - Zhang H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8241-325X AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Yu, Yongguo AU - Yu Y AD - Clinical Genetics Center, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Fan, Yanjie AU - Fan Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7006-733X AD - Clinical Genetics Center, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. LA - eng GR - 82171165/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - 82572115/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - 82271904/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - 2025ZZ2009/Shanghai Municipal Health Commission Medical New Technology Research and Transformation Seed Program/ GR - QNWS2024020/Shanghai Eastern Talent Program/ GR - 2025YFC2708201/National Key Research and Development Program of China/ GR - 2025_GZL_RGZN_01036/Shanghai Municipal Commission of Economy and Informatization/ GR - 25X010301330/Cross Biomedical Engineering of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine/ GR - XKPF2024B102/Climb-B program of Shanghai Xinhua Hospital/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260812 PL - England TA - Prenat Diagn JT - Prenatal diagnosis JID - 8106540 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Uniparental Disomy/diagnosis/genetics MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Fetal Growth Retardation/genetics/diagnosis MH - *Noninvasive Prenatal Testing/methods/statistics & numerical data MH - *Exome Sequencing/methods MH - Adult OTO - NOTNLM OT - mendelian inheritance error OT - pediatric rare disease OT - prenatal cell-free DNA screening OT - prenatal diagnosis OT - trio exome sequencing OT - uniparental disomy EDAT- 2026/08/12 11:38 MHDA- 2026/10/13 05:31 CRDT- 2026/08/12 08:43 PHST- 2026/07/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/13 05:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/12 11:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/12 08:43 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/pd.70238 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Prenat Diagn. 2026 Oct;46(11):1711-1720. doi: 10.1002/pd.70238. Epub 2026 Aug 12. PMID- 42583817 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260812 LR - 20260909 IS - 2054-1058 (Electronic) IS - 2054-1058 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Prevalence of Kinesiophobia and Associated Factors Among Patients After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study. PG - e70748 LID - 10.1002/nop2.70748 [doi] LID - e70748 AB - AIM: To investigate the prevalence and associated factors of kinesiophobia after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). DESIGN: A multicenter cross-sectional study. METHODS: We collected data of post-PCI patients who were recruited via convenience sampling from cardiology departments of eight tertiary hospitals between 1 November 2022 and 31 December 2023. Kinesiophobia was assessed by the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia Heart (TSK-SV Heart). Exercise self-efficacy, depression, anxiety, stress, and social support were evaluated by validated instruments. Participants' demographic and objective socioeconomic factors were also collected. Binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the associated factors of kinesiophobia. RESULTS: Of 1145 recruited patients, 970 (84.72%) provided complete data and were included in the final analysis, of which 780 (80.41%) exhibited kinesiophobia. Factors significantly associated with kinesiophobia in the binary logistic regression analysis included: single status (vs. married: OR = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.22-0.79, p = 0.008), retired (vs. freelancers: OR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.22-2.93, p = 0.004), had beyond 3 children (vs. 1 child: OR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.46-0.99, p = 0.045), generally familiar with illness (vs. not familiar: OR = 2.00, 95% CI: 1.37-2.93, p < 0.001), comorbid hypertension (vs. no hypertension: OR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.05-2.13, p = 0.028), participated in cardiac rehabilitation (vs. did not participate: OR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.06-2.19, p = 0.023), moderate physical activity (vs. low: OR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.42-0.97, p = 0.034), and high physical activity (vs. low: OR = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.25-0.65, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with kinesiophobia occurrence (p < 0.05). For each one-point increase in stress, anxiety, and objective support, the odds of kinesiophobia increased by 9% (OR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.02-1.15, p = 0.008), 21% (OR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.12-1.29, p < 0.001), and 9% (OR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.01-1.19, p = 0.027), respectively. For each one-point increase in depression and SEE-C score, the odds of kinesiophobia decreased by 11% (OR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.84-0.96, p = 0.001) and 1% (OR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.98-0.99, p < 0.001), respectively. CONCLUSION: Kinesiophobia is highly prevalent among post-PCI patients. Identified associated factors include marital status, occupational status, number of children, illness familiarity, hypertension comorbidity, cardiac rehabilitation participation, physical activity level, levels of psychological distress, objective support, and exercise self-efficacy. These findings highlight potential targets for intervention. IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PROFESSION AND PATIENT CARE: Nurses should integrate routine kinesiophobia screening using the TSK-SV Heart scale into post-PCI assessment protocols. Risk-stratified screening should prioritize married or retired patients, those with fewer than three children, individuals with hypertension, and those with low baseline physical activity. For patients with low exercise self-efficacy, nurses can use motivational interviewing; for those with elevated anxiety or stress, collaborative cognitive-behavioural therapy is recommended. These nursing actions can reduce kinesiophobia and improve cardiac rehabilitation adherence. IMPACT: What problem did the study address? Kinesiophobia is a common but under-recognized barrier to cardiac rehabilitation in post-PCI patients, yet its prevalence and modifiable factors in Chinese populations remain poorly understood. What were the main findings? The prevalence of kinesiophobia was 80.41%. Independent associated factors included marital status, retirement, number of children, illness familiarity, hypertension, cardiac rehabilitation participation, physical activity level, anxiety, stress, depression, objective support, and exercise self-efficacy. Where and on whom will the research have an impact? The findings directly inform cardiac nursing practice in China and similar settings, enabling nurses to identify high-risk patients and implement targeted psychosocial interventions. REPORTING METHOD: This study adhered to the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guideline for cross-sectional observational studies. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: No patient or public contributed to the design, conduct, analysis, or interpretation of this study. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This observational study was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (No. ChiCTR2300070396; https://www.chictr.org.cn/). CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Nursing Open published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Wang, Chunyuan AU - Wang C AD - Interventional Operation Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Hou, Xiaoqin AU - Hou X AD - Interventional Operation Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Zhang, Pian AU - Zhang P AD - Interventional Operation Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Liu, Caiyang AU - Liu C AD - Interventional Operation Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Yang, Yi AU - Yang Y AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-2994-8346 AD - Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Zhao, Zhenhua AU - Zhao Z AD - Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Second Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Jiang, Weijun AU - Jiang W AD - Interventional Operating Room, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China. FAU - Su, Guanfu AU - Su G AD - Department of Cardiology, Huizhou Central People's Hospital, Huizhou, China. FAU - Jiang, Xiaofang AU - Jiang X AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-6556-3226 AD - Department of Cardiology, Northern Guangdong People's Hospital, Shaoguan, China. FAU - Lin, Lijuan AU - Lin L AD - Department of Cardiology, Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou, China. FAU - Ning, Libing AU - Ning L AD - Department of Cardiology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China. FAU - Lin, Lixia AU - Lin L AD - Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Zhan, Lechang AU - Zhan L AD - Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Zhan, Jie AU - Zhan J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0220-3699 AD - Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China. LA - eng GR - 2023HL11/the Hongmian project of GuangZhou First People's Hospital/ PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Observational Study PL - United States TA - Nurs Open JT - Nursing open JID - 101675107 SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Anxiety/psychology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Kinesiophobia/epidemiology MH - *Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/psychology/adverse effects MH - Prevalence MH - Risk Factors MH - Surveys and Questionnaires PMC - PMC13463317 OTO - NOTNLM OT - exercise adherence OT - kinesiophobia OT - nursing assessment OT - percutaneous coronary intervention OT - psychological assessment OT - rehabilitation nursing COIS- Statistical Declaration Statement: The authors confirm that all statistical analyses in this study were performed appropriately. Data analysis was conducted using SPSSAU (version 26.0, https://www.spssau.com). The choice of statistical methods was guided by the nature of the data and the study objectives. Normality of continuous variables was assessed using the Shapiro-Wilk test, leading to the use of Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman correlation where appropriate. Categorical variables were analysed using the chi-square test. Binary logistic regression with stepwise selection was used to identify independent predictors of kinesiophobia, with results reported as odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Multicollinearity was assessed using the variance inflation factor (VIF) and tolerance. Tolerance values > 0.1 (or VIF < 10) indicated no significant multicollinearity. Model fit was evaluated using the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test. A non-significant p value (> 0.05) indicated adequate model fit. The overall model significance was tested using the likelihood ratio test comparing the final model to the null model. A two-sided p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. AI Tools Acknowledgement: No generative artificial intelligence tools were used in the preparation of this manuscript. All writing, analysis, and interpretation were performed by the authors. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/12 11:37 MHDA- 2026/08/12 11:38 PMCR- 2026/08/12 CRDT- 2026/08/12 07:32 PHST- 2026/07/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/12/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/12 11:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/12 11:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/12 07:32 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - NOP270748 [pii] AID - 10.1002/nop2.70748 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nurs Open. 2026 Aug;13(8):e70748. doi: 10.1002/nop2.70748. PMID- 42582827 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260923 IS - 2573-959X (Electronic) IS - 2573-9581 (Print) IS - 2573-9581 (Linking) DP - 2026 Aug 5 TI - Valid when valued: A community-engaged framework and toolkit to improve identification of autistic people's motor difficulties in research and practice. LID - 10.1177/25739581261474754 [doi] AB - Many autistic people experience clinically-significant motor differences that pose lifelong physical health risks including physical inactivity, cardiometabolic disease, falls and injuries, and chronic pain. These differences amplify existing cognitive and social-emotional features of autism and limit daily living skills, which in turn negatively impacts mental health and participation. Yet, professionals often overlook or mischaracterize autistic people's motor difficulties, in part because non-motor factors can affect assessment outcomes. Most standardized motor assessments presume typical communication, sensory processing, regulation, and tolerance of unfamiliar testing environments, leading to construct-irrelevant variance and potential misinterpretation of results. This risk increases when examiners lack autism-specific experience or use rigid administration practices without appropriate adaptation. Adopting a neurodiversity-affirming framework improves validity, equity, and uptake of motor assessment across research, education, and clinical contexts. Here, we present an Adapted Motor Assessment Toolkit for Autism with implementation examples grounded in the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-Third Edition. An interdisciplinary team of clinicians and researchers developed and refined the toolkit in partnership with autistic people and parents of autistic children. The toolkit enables preservation of core task demands and scoring while adapting assessment practices to support accessibility and improve validity of results. Adaptations span five domains: pre-assessment preparation, sensory supports, procedural adaptations, communication supports, and motivation/engagement. The toolkit helps examiners to identify support needs, implementing adaptations, interpreting results, and determining whether normative comparisons remain appropriate. Neurodiversity-affirming assessment practices enable earlier identification of motor differences, inclusion of more diverse participants in research, and tailored intervention and prevention planning to advance physical health equity across the lifespan. FAU - Miller, Haylie L AU - Miller HL AD - School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States. FAU - Tamplain, Priscila M AU - Tamplain PM AD - School of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, United States. FAU - Tal-Saban, Miri AU - Tal-Saban M AD - School of Occupational Therapy, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel. FAU - Zoia, Stefania AU - Zoia S AD - Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy. FAU - Barnett, Anna L AU - Barnett AL AD - Centre for Psychological Research, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, England, United Kingdom. FAU - Henderson, Sheila E AU - Henderson SE AD - University College Institute of Education, University of London, London, England, United Kingdom. LA - eng GR - K01 MH107774/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States GR - L30 MH117745/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States GR - P30 AG024824/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260805 PL - United States TA - Autism Adulthood JT - Autism in adulthood JID - 101741462 PMC - PMC13458965 MID - NIHMS2197979 OTO - NOTNLM OT - assessment OT - autism OT - mobility OT - motor skills OT - movement OT - physical health EDAT- 2026/08/12 11:38 MHDA- 2026/08/12 11:38 PMCR- 2026/08/12 CRDT- 2026/08/12 06:36 PHST- 2026/08/12 11:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/12 11:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/12 06:36 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1177/25739581261474754 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Autism Adulthood. 2026 Aug 5:10.1177/25739581261474754. doi: 10.1177/25739581261474754. PMID- 42582380 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260812 LR - 20260813 IS - 2673-3153 (Electronic) IS - 2673-3153 (Print) IS - 2673-3153 (Linking) VI - 8 DP - 2026 TI - Development and temporal validation of a prediction model for live birth in infertile women with polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome: a retrospective cohort study. PG - 1891181 LID - 10.3389/frph.2026.1891181 [doi] LID - 1891181 AB - OBJECTIVE: To develop and temporally validate a prediction model for delivery of a live-born infant within 365 days after the initial infertility consultation in infertile women with a documented diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), which was renamed in 2026 as polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome (PMOS), using routine clinical and basal endocrine variables. METHODS: This single-center retrospective cohort study included infertile women with a documented diagnosis of PCOS and an index date between December 1, 2021, and December 31, 2024. The index date was the first infertility consultation at which baseline clinical assessment and basal endocrine testing were completed. Patients were assigned to the development cohort (December 1, 2021-December 31, 2023) or the same-center temporal validation cohort (January 1-December 31, 2024). Outcome ascertainment ended on December 31, 2025. Multivariable logistic regression was used to predict delivery of a live-born infant within 365 days under routine individualized care. RESULTS: Among 610 women, 389 were in the development cohort and 221 in the temporal validation cohort. Live-birth proportions within 365 days were 44.7% and 44.3%, respectively. Complete-case model development and validation included 349 and 203 women, respectively. The final model included age, body mass index, infertility duration, gravidity, luteinizing hormone/follicle-stimulating hormone ratio, tubal/pelvic factors, and uterine factors. Older age (OR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.85-0.98), higher body mass index (OR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.86-0.98), longer infertility duration (OR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.77-0.94), higher luteinizing hormone/follicle-stimulating hormone ratio (OR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.55-0.91), and uterine factors (OR = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.15-0.80) were associated with lower live-birth probability. The AUCs were 0.735 and 0.738, and the Brier scores were 0.208 and 0.205, respectively. CONCLUSION: This model showed moderate discrimination and acceptable calibration for predicting delivery of a live-born infant within 365 days after initial infertility consultation. Multicenter external validation and impact studies are needed before broader clinical application. CI - (c) 2026 Liu, Wang, Lu, Jia, Geng, Cao, Han and Zhou. FAU - Liu, Peng AU - Liu P AD - Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hebei Reproductive Health Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China. FAU - Wang, Shuhong AU - Wang S AD - Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hebei Reproductive Health Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China. FAU - Lu, Yubo AU - Lu Y AD - School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. FAU - Jia, Hanbing AU - Jia H AD - Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hebei Reproductive Health Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China. FAU - Geng, Yue AU - Geng Y AD - Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hebei Reproductive Health Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China. FAU - Cao, Cuijuan AU - Cao C AD - Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hebei Reproductive Health Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China. FAU - Han, Le AU - Han L AD - Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hebei Reproductive Health Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China. FAU - Zhou, Yingjie AU - Zhou Y AD - Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hebei Reproductive Health Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260728 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Reprod Health JT - Frontiers in reproductive health JID - 9918230899006676 PMC - PMC13457464 OTO - NOTNLM OT - infertility OT - live birth OT - nomogram OT - polycystic ovary syndrome OT - polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome OT - prediction model OT - temporal validation COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/12 11:38 MHDA- 2026/08/12 11:39 PMCR- 2026/07/28 CRDT- 2026/08/12 06:04 PHST- 2026/05/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/12 11:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/12 11:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/12 06:04 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/frph.2026.1891181 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Reprod Health. 2026 Jul 28;8:1891181. doi: 10.3389/frph.2026.1891181. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42582369 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260812 LR - 20260813 IS - 0972-5229 (Print) IS - 1998-359X (Electronic) IS - 0972-5229 (Linking) VI - 30 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Change in Nutritional Status of Children in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit over First 14 Days: A Prospective Cohort Study. PG - 595-600 LID - 10.5005/jp-journals-10071-25227 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: We studied changes in nutritional status from baseline, as measured by serial skinfold thickness measurements and their association with patient factors, disease factors, and biochemical factors, as well as time to the start of enteral feeds. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We enrolled 50 consecutive children aged 2-5 years from the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of a public sector hospital in India between 14 February, 2024 and 31 August, 2024. Baseline demographic and clinical data were recorded. Serial anthropometric parameters were measured for all children at the time of admission (+4 hours), day 3, day 7, and day 14 or at hospital discharge, if earlier. We used the World Health Organization (WHO) growth charts to interpret the anthropometric data. RESULTS: Of the 50 children enrolled (mean age 3.17 +/- 1.22 years; 46% females), 58% were underweight, 52% had wasting, and 52% had short stature at admission. Only 10% children (n = 5) had triceps skinfold thickness for age <-2 standard deviation (SD) at baseline. 32 (64%) of the children demonstrated a reduction in triceps skinfold thickness, 72% (n = 36) experienced weight loss, and 58% (n = 29) showed a decrease in mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC). However, we did not find a statistically significant association of change in triceps skinfold thickness with age, severity of illness, outcome, duration of stay, and early start of enteral feeds. CONCLUSION: This study shows the feasibility of skinfold calipers as a serial monitoring tool in the PICU. Nutritional status worsens during the initial 2 weeks of PICU stay, despite early enteral feeding policies. CI - Copyright (c) 2026; The Author(s). FAU - Loyi, Morik AU - Loyi M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-4956-3392 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Maulana Azad Medical College and Lok Nayak Hospital (Delhi University), New Delhi, India. FAU - Mishra, Devendra AU - Mishra D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6810-3095 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Maulana Azad Medical College and Lok Nayak Hospital (Delhi University), New Delhi, India. FAU - Jhamb, Urmila AU - Jhamb U AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1734-3504 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Maulana Azad Medical College and Lok Nayak Hospital (Delhi University), New Delhi, India. FAU - Saxena, Romit AU - Saxena R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8518-5504 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Maulana Azad Medical College and Lok Nayak Hospital (Delhi University), New Delhi, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260721 PL - India TA - Indian J Crit Care Med JT - Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine JID - 101208863 PMC - PMC13457648 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Critical illness OT - Enteral feeding OT - Malnutrition OT - Outcome OT - Triceps skinfold thickness OT - Wasting COIS- None.Source of support: Nil Conflict of interest: NoneConflict of interest: None EDAT- 2026/08/12 11:38 MHDA- 2026/08/12 11:39 PMCR- 2026/07/01 CRDT- 2026/08/12 06:03 PHST- 2025/06/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/12 11:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/12 11:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/12 06:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.5005/jp-journals-10071-25227 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Indian J Crit Care Med. 2026 Jul;30(7):595-600. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10071-25227. Epub 2026 Jul 21. PMID- 42581838 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260812 LR - 20260909 IS - 1478-5153 (Electronic) IS - 1362-1017 (Print) IS - 1362-1017 (Linking) VI - 31 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Sleep Characteristics of Parents of Children in the Paediatric Intensive Care Unit: A Pilot Observational Study. PG - e70609 LID - 10.1111/nicc.70609 [doi] LID - e70609 AB - BACKGROUND: Parents of children hospitalised in the paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) exhibit poor sleep quality due to stress from the child's illness, uncertainty and changing family roles. AIMS: We aimed to utilise two subjective and one objective measurement to examine sleep characteristics among parents of children in the PICU and explore possible contributing factors, including parental stress. STUDY DESIGN: This observational pilot study assessed parents of children in the PICU in South Korea using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the General Sleep Disturbance Scale (GSDS). Sleep-related parameters were measured for 3 nights using an actigraph. The Parental Stress Scale:PICU was used to assess stress levels. RESULTS: A total of 18 parents participated in the study. Sleep quality was poor on both PSQI and GSDS, and their total sleep scores did not correlate with any actigraphy parameter. Only the GSDS daytime function subscale suggested associations with sleep efficiency (p = 0.04) and wake after sleep onset (p = 0.04). Parents averaged 5.73 h of sleep per night, with a sleep efficiency of 86.8%. The most prominent stressors were changes in parental roles and the child's appearance, while stress levels were not significantly related to sleep. No single factor influenced sleep across all tools; rather, different factors, including parent characteristics and length of stay, exerted an influence that varied by measurement tool. All participants completed the actigraphy protocol, proving its feasibility. CONCLUSIONS: Factors influencing parental sleep varied by measurement tool, suggesting that subjective and objective sleep measures may capture different aspects of sleep in parents. As this was a pilot study for hypothesis generation and feasibility, the findings require further validation in larger-scale studies. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: A comprehensive assessment that integrates objective and subjective sleep measures could improve the understanding of sleep among PICU parents and inform effective support strategies. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Nursing in Critical Care published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Association of Critical Care Nurses. FAU - Lee, Hyejung AU - Lee H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9357-0640 AD - Mo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, College of Nursing, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Lee, Hyeryeong AU - Lee H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3043-6767 AD - College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA. AD - College of Nursing, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Jung, Sanghun AU - Jung S AD - Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, USA South Korea. FAU - Park, Ai Soon AU - Park AS AD - Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, USA South Korea. LA - eng GR - Yonsei University College of Nursing/ PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study PL - England TA - Nurs Crit Care JT - Nursing in critical care JID - 9808649 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Pilot Projects MH - *Intensive Care Units, Pediatric MH - Female MH - *Parents/psychology MH - Male MH - Child MH - Republic of Korea MH - *Sleep Quality MH - *Stress, Psychological MH - Child, Preschool MH - Actigraphy MH - *Sleep Wake Disorders MH - Adult MH - Sleep Duration MH - *Sleep/physiology MH - Infant PMC - PMC13463211 OTO - NOTNLM OT - hospitalised child OT - paediatric intensive care unit OT - parents OT - sleep quality COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/12 11:38 MHDA- 2026/08/12 11:39 PMCR- 2026/08/12 CRDT- 2026/08/12 05:05 PHST- 2026/06/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/12 11:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/12 11:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/12 05:05 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - NICC70609 [pii] AID - 10.1111/nicc.70609 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nurs Crit Care. 2026 Sep;31(5):e70609. doi: 10.1111/nicc.70609. PMID- 42579997 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260821 LR - 20260821 IS - 1753-6405 (Electronic) IS - 1326-0200 (Linking) VI - 50 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Staff and student acceptability and feasibility of an evidence-based integrated physical activity and mental wellbeing program in Australian secondary schools: A pilot study. PG - 100580 LID - S1326-0200(26)00269-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.anzjph.2026.100580 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To determine the acceptability, feasibility, perceived effectiveness and factors influencing the implementation of an evidence-based integrated physical activity and mental wellbeing program in Australian secondary schools. METHODS: A pilot study of a teacher-delivered 5-week physical activity and mental wellbeing program for Year 7 students was conducted in two New South Wales (NSW) schools. Surveys and focus groups collected teacher- and/or student-data regarding fidelity of implementation, acceptability, feasibility, usefulness, confidence to deliver, enjoyment, perceived effectiveness and factors influencing implementation. RESULTS: Seven teachers and 87 students participated. Both schools implemented all program components. Teachers reported that the program components were acceptable (40%-100%), feasible (71%), that the resources were useful (86%-100%) and confidence in delivering all components (71%-100%). Students reported that the program information was acceptable (74%-78%) and enjoyable (48%-62%). Teachers and students perceived positive student health and wellbeing impacts (40%-83%). Key teacher-reported factors influencing implementation were sufficient financial resources (86%) and recognition for program implementation (71%). Students suggested increasing active lessons relative to theoretical lessons, peer and teacher participation and lesson activity autonomy to improve participation. CONCLUSIONS: The integrated physical activity and mental wellbeing program was acceptable and feasible, and important factors to improve implementation and student participation were identified. IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH: Findings support a controlled study to assess effects on student health and wellbeing outcomes. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Hodder, Rebecca K AU - Hodder RK AD - School of Medicine and Public Health, the University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia; Hunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, NSW, Australia. Electronic address: Rebecca.Hodder@health.nsw.gov.au. FAU - Wrigley, Jessica AU - Wrigley J AD - Hunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, NSW, Australia. FAU - Ainsworth, Emma AU - Ainsworth E AD - Hunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, NSW, Australia; Northern Territory Health, Allied Health Service, Katherine, NT, Australia. FAU - McDiarmid, Katrina AU - McDiarmid K AD - School of Medicine and Public Health, the University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia; Hunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, NSW, Australia. FAU - O'Brien, Kate M AU - O'Brien KM AD - School of Medicine and Public Health, the University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia; Hunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, NSW, Australia. FAU - Nathan, Nicole AU - Nathan N AD - School of Medicine and Public Health, the University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia; Hunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, NSW, Australia. FAU - Bartlem, Kate AU - Bartlem K AD - Hunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, NSW, Australia; School of Psychological Sciences, the University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia. FAU - Groombridge, Daniel AU - Groombridge D AD - Hunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, NSW, Australia. CN - Healthy Children's Initiative Secondary School Advisory Group AD - Hunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, NSW, Australia. FAU - Clinton-McHarg, Tara AU - Clinton-McHarg T AD - School of Medicine and Public Health, the University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia; Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, the University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260811 PL - United States TA - Aust N Z J Public Health JT - Australian and New Zealand journal of public health JID - 9611095 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Pilot Projects MH - Female MH - *Mental Health MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - *Students/psychology MH - *Health Promotion/methods MH - Feasibility Studies MH - Schools MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - Psychological Well-Being MH - New South Wales MH - *School Health Services/organization & administration MH - Program Evaluation MH - Focus Groups MH - Child MH - *School Teachers/psychology MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Australia OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescent OT - health promotion OT - mental wellbeing OT - physical activity OT - schools COIS- Conflicts of interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/08/11 23:35 MHDA- 2026/08/21 23:37 CRDT- 2026/08/11 18:05 PHST- 2024/12/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/21 23:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/11 23:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/11 18:05 [entrez] AID - S1326-0200(26)00269-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.anzjph.2026.100580 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Aust N Z J Public Health. 2026 Aug;50(4):100580. doi: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2026.100580. Epub 2026 Aug 11. PMID- 42579937 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260811 IS - 1532-8449 (Electronic) IS - 0882-5963 (Linking) VI - 91 DP - 2026 Aug 11 TI - The mediating role of impulsivity in the relationship between multiple screen addiction and nighttime eating behaviors among adolescents. PG - 100-108 LID - S0882-5963(26)00372-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.pedn.2026.08.003 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: This study examined whether impulsivity mediates the association between multiple screen addiction and nighttime eating behaviors among adolescents. METHODS: A cross-sectional design was used with 1247 adolescents recruited through purposive venue-based sampling with socioeconomic stratification in eastern Turkey province. Multiple screen addiction, impulsivity, and nighttime eating behaviors were assessed using validated self-report scales. A latent-variable structural equation model was tested, with age, gender, sleep duration, BMI z-score, and perceived socioeconomic status as covariates. Mediation was tested using bootstrap resampling (5000 resamples). RESULTS: Multiple screen addiction was positively associated with both impulsivity (beta = 0.272) and nighttime eating behaviors. Impulsivity partially mediated the association, accounting for approximately 28% of the total association, while the direct association between multiple screen addiction and nighttime eating behaviors remained the dominant pathway (approximately 72%). The structural model demonstrated acceptable fit (CFI = 0.924, RMSEA = 0.063, SRMR = 0.058). CONCLUSION: Impulsivity represents one partial mechanism linking multiple screen addiction to nighttime eating behaviors in adolescents. Pediatric and school health nurses may benefit from incorporating assessment of multiple screen addiction and self-regulation into routine adolescent care. Findings should be interpreted within the regional context of a single eastern Turkey province. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: Interventions targeting adolescent health should adopt a multidimensional approach that includes screen time management, promotion of healthy eating habits, and strengthening self-regulation skills. Early identification of at-risk adolescents and development of school- and community-based nursing interventions may help prevent maladaptive behavioral patterns. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Evcimen, Hasan AU - Evcimen H AD - Mus Alparslan University, Department of Therapy and Rehabilitation Mus, Turkey. Electronic address: hsn_evcimen@hotmail.com. FAU - Bilgin, Sonay AU - Bilgin S AD - Ataturk University, Faculty of Nursing, Department of Public Health Nursing, Erzurum, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260811 PL - United States TA - J Pediatr Nurs JT - Journal of pediatric nursing JID - 8607529 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent OT - Impulsivity OT - Multiple screen addiction OT - Nighttime eating OT - Structural equation modeling COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/08/11 23:35 MHDA- 2026/08/11 23:35 CRDT- 2026/08/11 18:01 PHST- 2026/04/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/11 23:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/11 23:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/11 18:01 [entrez] AID - S0882-5963(26)00372-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.pedn.2026.08.003 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - J Pediatr Nurs. 2026 Aug 11;91:100-108. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2026.08.003. PMID- 42579708 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260811 LR - 20260813 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 8 DP - 2026 TI - A two-stage unified Bayesian framework for adolescent physical fitness surveillance in Sichuan, China: Latent factor measurement followed by spatiotemporal modeling. PG - e0355280 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0355280 [doi] LID - e0355280 AB - Large-scale adolescent fitness testing produces heterogeneous multi-item measurements. Translating these measurements into interpretable and comparable evidence for provincial surveillance remains challenging. We propose a two-stage Bayesian framework for adolescent physical fitness surveillance in Sichuan, China. In Stage 1, Bayesian confirmatory factor analysis maps cross-grade test items onto four latent fitness factors: strength, speed, endurance, and flexibility. This stage explicitly models item-level measurement error and item heterogeneity. In Stage 2, factor-level outcomes are modeled using Bayesian spatiotemporal hierarchical regression. This stage estimates covariate associations, temporal trends, and residual spatial heterogeneity. In the Sichuan application, the four latent factors showed clear and interpretable spatial structure. Residual spatial clustering persisted after adjustment for covariates, educational-stage effects, and shared temporal trends. Urbanization rate showed positive conditional associations with all four factors. Selected socioeconomic, geographic, and environmental covariates showed domain-specific associations, such as negative associations of GDP per capita and population density mainly with strength and speed. Model comparison using PSIS-LOO indicated that models with spatial random effects provided better conditional pointwise predictive fit than corresponding no-spatial models for all four factors, with satisfactory Pareto-k diagnostics. By separating latent measurement from regional spatiotemporal modeling, the proposed framework supports more interpretable regional comparisons. It also helps identify regions with persistent residual advantages or disadvantages, providing quantitative evidence for targeted monitoring and policy discussion. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Wei et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Wei, Honglei AU - Wei H AD - School of Mathematics, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. AD - Sichuan Province Big Data Research and Joint Application Technology Center of Student Health, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. FAU - Li, Haoran AU - Li H AD - School of Mathematics, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. AD - Sichuan Province Big Data Research and Joint Application Technology Center of Student Health, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. FAU - Pu, Maowu AU - Pu M AD - School of Mathematics, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. AD - Sichuan Province Big Data Research and Joint Application Technology Center of Student Health, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. FAU - He, Zhou AU - He Z AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-5596-3445 AD - School of Mathematics, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. AD - Sichuan Province Big Data Research and Joint Application Technology Center of Student Health, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. FAU - Wang, Yiru AU - Wang Y AD - Sichuan Province Big Data Research and Joint Application Technology Center of Student Health, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. AD - College of International Education, Chengdu University of Technology (Oxford Brookes College), Chengdu, Sichuan, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260811 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Bayes Theorem MH - Humans MH - China MH - *Physical Fitness/physiology MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Male MH - Spatio-Temporal Analysis MH - Factor Analysis, Statistical PMC - PMC13460590 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/08/11 17:36 MHDA- 2026/08/11 17:37 PMCR- 2026/08/11 CRDT- 2026/08/11 13:43 PHST- 2026/01/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/11 17:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/11 17:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/11 13:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-26-03114 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0355280 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 Aug 11;21(8):e0355280. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0355280. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42579372 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260811 LR - 20260817 IS - 1540-8175 (Electronic) IS - 0742-2822 (Print) IS - 0742-2822 (Linking) VI - 43 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Pretreatment Coronary Ultrasound Radiomics Combined With the Prognostic Nutritional Index for Predicting IVIG Resistance in Children With Kawasaki Disease. PG - e70559 LID - 10.1111/echo.70559 [doi] LID - e70559 AB - BACKGROUND: Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) resistance in children with Kawasaki disease (KD) is associated with an increased risk of coronary artery injury and subsequent adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Early identification of patients at risk remains difficult in clinical practice. Conventional coronary ultrasound is largely based on geometric parameters, such as luminal diameter and Z scores, and may not fully capture local heterogeneity within coronary images. In this study, we investigated whether pretreatment coronary artery ultrasound radiomics could improve early identification of IVIG resistance in children with KD. We further developed a multimodal prediction model incorporating radiomics, the prognostic nutritional index (PNI), and clinical characteristics. METHODS: A total of 352 children diagnosed with KD and treated at The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University between January 2020 and January 2026 were retrospectively included. All patients received standardized treatment after diagnosis. Demographic characteristics, pretreatment laboratory results, conventional coronary ultrasound parameters, and two-dimensional static ultrasound images of the left coronary artery (LCA), left anterior descending artery (LAD), and right coronary artery (RCA) were collected. The pretreatment two-dimensional static coronary ultrasound images were imported into 3D Slicer for region-of-interest segmentation. A clinical prediction model was constructed using multivariable logistic regression. PNI was defined a priori as the primary nutritional-immunologic indicator. In addition, the potential incremental predictive value of other nutritional-inflammatory indices, including the C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio (CAR), neutrophil-to-albumin ratio (NAR), neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio (NPAR), and C-reactive protein-albumin-lymphocyte (CALLY) index, was further evaluated. Radiomics features were selected through repeated segmentation, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC)-based stability filtering, correlation filtering, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression. The Clinic, Clinic + PNI, Radiomics, and Clinic + PNI + Radiomics models were assessed using receiver operating characteristic curves, DeLong tests, calibration curves, decision curve analysis, and Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) interpretation. The Kobayashi, Egami, and Sano scores were evaluated in the same training and validation cohorts. RESULTS: Among the 352 children, 57 (16.2%) were classified as IVIG resistant. Multivariable analysis showed that higher pretreatment maximum coronary artery Z score (Z(max)), longer fever duration, and higher neutrophil count were associated with an increased risk of IVIG resistance. In the validation cohort, the Clinic + PNI model showed favorable discriminatory ability, with an AUC of 0.855 (95% CI, 0.767-0.911), a sensitivity of 0.882, and a negative predictive value of 0.969. Seven radiomics features were selected and used to construct the radiomics score (Rad-score). In the training cohort, the Clinic + PNI + Radiomics model achieved higher AUC values than the Clinic, Clinic + PNI, and Radiomics models. This pattern was also observed in the validation cohort, where the integrated model achieved the highest AUC of 0.880 (95% CI, 0.817-0.944), although the between-model differences did not reach statistical significance. Decision curve analysis showed that the integrated model offered a favorable net benefit within clinically meaningful threshold ranges. SHAP analysis suggested that its predictions reflected the joint influence of systemic inflammatory burden, nutritional and immune status, and local imaging heterogeneity captured from coronary ultrasound images. The Kobayashi, Egami, and Sano scores yielded validation AUCs of 0.616, 0.567, and 0.449, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Pretreatment coronary ultrasound radiomics may provide complementary information to conventional clinical, laboratory, and ultrasonographic parameters for assessing the risk of IVIG resistance in children with KD. By integrating inflammatory burden, nutritional-immunologic status, and local coronary imaging heterogeneity, the Clinic + PNI + Radiomics model showed favorable discrimination and potential clinical net benefit in internal validation. However, its incremental value and clinical applicability require further confirmation in external cohorts. CI - (c) 2026 Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Xiao, Caiyi AU - Xiao C AD - Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China. AD - Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, Liuzhou People's Hospital, Liuzhou, China. FAU - Chen, Chaorong AU - Chen C AD - Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China. AD - Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, Liuzhou People's Hospital, Liuzhou, China. FAU - Huang, Yuanyuan AU - Huang Y AD - Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China. AD - Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, Liuzhou People's Hospital, Liuzhou, China. FAU - Wei, Xianbin AU - Wei X AD - Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, Liuzhou People's Hospital, Liuzhou, China. FAU - Li, Bin AU - Li B AD - Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, Liuzhou People's Hospital, Liuzhou, China. FAU - Wu, Jing AU - Wu J AD - Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, Liuzhou People's Hospital, Liuzhou, China. FAU - Huang, Huiying AU - Huang H AD - Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, Liuzhou People's Hospital, Liuzhou, China. FAU - Su, Dunhui AU - Su D AD - Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, Liuzhou People's Hospital, Liuzhou, China. FAU - Zhang, Bulin AU - Zhang B AD - Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, Liuzhou People's Hospital, Liuzhou, China. FAU - Wu, Ji AU - Wu J AD - Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Echocardiography JT - Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.) JID - 8511187 RN - 0 (Immunoglobulins, Intravenous) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome/drug therapy MH - Male MH - Female MH - Radiomics MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Prognosis MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Drug Resistance MH - *Immunoglobulins, Intravenous/therapeutic use MH - *Coronary Vessels/diagnostic imaging MH - *Nutrition Assessment MH - *Echocardiography/methods MH - Ultrasonography/methods MH - Infant PMC - PMC13460361 OTO - NOTNLM OT - IVIG resistance OT - Kawasaki disease OT - coronary artery ultrasound OT - prediction model OT - prognostic nutritional index OT - radiomics COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/11 17:36 MHDA- 2026/08/11 17:37 PMCR- 2026/08/11 CRDT- 2026/08/11 12:04 PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/11 17:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/11 17:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/11 12:04 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ECHO70559 [pii] AID - 10.1111/echo.70559 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Echocardiography. 2026 Aug;43(8):e70559. doi: 10.1111/echo.70559. PMID- 42579007 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260811 IS - 2366-0058 (Electronic) DP - 2026 Aug 11 TI - A simplified MRI‑based risk score and nomogram to predict initial objective response in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma treated with HAIC, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy: a multicenter study. LID - 10.1007/s00261-026-05732-6 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: This study aimed to develop and validate a simplified risk score based on pretreatment Gd‑EOB‑DTPA MRI features for the noninvasive prediction of initial objective response rate (ORR) in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC) undergoing triple therapy (hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy [HAIC], tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and immune checkpoint inhibitors). METHODS: This retrospective study enrolled 223 uHCC patients from two medical centers who underwent Gd‑EOB‑DTPA‑enhanced MRI prior to initiating triple therapy (training set: n = 127; external test set: n = 96). Imaging features were evaluated and extracted. Independent predictors of initial ORR were identified by multivariate logistic regression to build a simplified imaging risk score (I-score), and a nomogram was constructed to visualize the final predictive model. Model performance was assessed by AUC, calibration (Hosmer‑Lemeshow test), confusion matrix, and decision curve analysis (DCA), with internal bootstrap and external validation. SHAP analysis provided interpretability. Patients were stratified into low‑ and high‑risk groups, and Kaplan‑Meier curves for progression‑free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared. RESULTS: Three MRI features (irregular morphology, rim enhancement, peritumoral low signal) were independent negative predictors of initial ORR. The simplified I-score was formulated as: 1x(irregular morphology) + 1 x (rim enhancement) + 2 x (peritumoral low signal), with an optimal cut-off of 1.5. Following LASSO regression, BMI > 22.55, PA < 182.5 mg/L, NLR > 2.37, and I-score >/= 2 were included in the nomogram. The nomogram achieved AUCs of 0.890 in training and 0.841 in validation for ORR prediction, demonstrating good calibration (P > 0.05) and clinical benefit. SHAP analysis identified I-score as the most important contributor. The model significantly outperformed BCLC, ALBI, Child‑Pugh, and Six‑and‑Twelve staging systems (all P < 0.05). High‑risk patients had significantly worse PFS and OS than low‑risk patients. CONCLUSION: The MRI‑based simplified risk score and the derived nomogram offer a noninvasive and precise method for predicting initial ORR and classifying prognosis in uHCC patients undergoing triple therapy. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Wang, Yi-Kang AU - Wang YK AD - Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Feng, Hua-Guo AU - Feng HG AD - Chongqing Red Cross Hospital, Chongqing, China. FAU - Liu, Yan-Han AU - Liu YH AD - Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, Chongqing, China. FAU - Zhang, Chun-Yu AU - Zhang CY AD - Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Zhou, Xue AU - Zhou X AD - Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, Chongqing, China. FAU - Liu, Hai-Ling AU - Liu HL AD - Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. 980956941@qq.com. FAU - Liu, Zuo-Jin AU - Liu ZJ AD - Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. 300376@hospital.cqmu.edu.cn. FAU - Tan, Hao-Yang AU - Tan HY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5739-378X AD - Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, Chongqing, China. 13609454209@163.com. LA - eng GR - 82504160/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - 82370672/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - BX20250259/China Postdoctoral Science Foundation/ GR - 2025YCXM010/Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital Internal Cultivation Project/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260811 PL - United States TA - Abdom Radiol (NY) JT - Abdominal radiology (New York) JID - 101674571 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy OT - Hepatocellular carcinoma OT - Imaging scores OT - Initial objective response OT - Magnetic resonance imaging COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/08/11 12:37 MHDA- 2026/08/11 12:37 CRDT- 2026/08/11 11:05 PHST- 2026/01/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/11 12:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/11 12:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/11 11:05 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00261-026-05732-6 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00261-026-05732-6 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Abdom Radiol (NY). 2026 Aug 11. doi: 10.1007/s00261-026-05732-6. PMID- 42578774 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260811 LR - 20260811 IS - 2724-7031 (Electronic) IS - 0041-4131 (Linking) VI - 104 IP - 4 DP - 2026 May 1 TI - Chronic pain among patients treated for breast cancer: Prevalence and associates factors. PG - 678-682 LID - 10.62438/tunismed.v104i05.6520 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: Chronic pain has emerged as a significant health issue among women treated for breast cancer, representing a substantial burden that negatively affects quality of life. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and characteristics of chronic pain among Tunisian breast cancer survivors. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study including 100 Tunisian women treated for breast cancer at the Medical Oncology Department of Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital (Monastir, Tunisia). Data collected included sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, lifestyle habits, and medical history. Validated instruments were used, including the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), DN4 questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and Family APGAR score. RESULTS: The prevalence of chronic pain in our population was 100%. All participants reported persistent pain following breast cancer surgery, without any other identified medical cause. The most common pain locations were the breast and ipsilateral upper limb. Pain interference was generally mild in both affective and activity domains. Most participants (88%) belonged to highly functional families. Higher pain intensity was significantly associated with a greater number of children and a history of dysthyroidism. Multivariate analysis identified body mass index, number of children, and number of lymph nodes removed as independent predictors of pain intensity. Higher pain intensity was also associated with increased anxiety levels. CONCLUSIONS: Chronic pain is highly prevalent among breast cancer survivors and is influenced by multiple factors, highlighting the need for comprehensive assessment and management strategies. FAU - Khechine, Wiem AU - Khechine W AD - Department of Medical Oncology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia. FAU - Chouat, Marwa AU - Chouat M AD - Department of Medical Oncology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia. FAU - Hmad, Alaeddine AU - Hmad A AD - Department of Medical Oncology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia. FAU - Amamou, Badii AU - Amamou B AD - Department of Psychiatry, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia. FAU - Felfoul, Asma AU - Felfoul A AD - Department of Medical Oncology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia. FAU - Korbi, Asma AU - Korbi A AD - Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Maternity and neonatology center, Monastir, Tunisia. FAU - Jebali, Fethi AU - Jebali F AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Maternity and neonatology center, Monastir, Tunisia. FAU - Zaied, Sonia AU - Zaied S AD - Department of Medical Oncology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia. FAU - Daldoul, Amira AU - Daldoul A AD - Department of Medical Oncology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260501 PL - Tunisia TA - Tunis Med JT - La Tunisie medicale JID - 0413766 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Breast Neoplasms/complications/epidemiology/therapy/surgery MH - Prevalence MH - *Chronic Pain/epidemiology/etiology MH - Tunisia/epidemiology MH - Middle Aged MH - Adult MH - Quality of Life MH - Aged MH - Pain Measurement MH - Mastectomy/adverse effects MH - Cancer Survivors/statistics & numerical data MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Risk Factors OTO - NOTNLM OT - Breast cancer survivors OT - Breast conserving surgery OT - Chronic pain OT - Mastectomy OT - Quality of life EDAT- 2026/08/11 12:37 MHDA- 2026/08/11 12:38 CRDT- 2026/08/11 09:52 PHST- 2025/10/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/11 12:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/11 12:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/11 09:52 [entrez] AID - /article/view/6520 [pii] AID - 10.62438/tunismed.v104i05.6520 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Tunis Med. 2026 May 1;104(4):678-682. doi: 10.62438/tunismed.v104i05.6520. PMID- 42578573 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260811 LR - 20260813 IS - 1460-2210 (Electronic) IS - 0141-5387 (Print) IS - 0141-5387 (Linking) VI - 48 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Aug 6 TI - Automated prediction of hand-wrist maturation stage from lateral cephalometric and panoramic radiographs using a deep learning approach. LID - 10.1093/ejo/cjag054 [doi] LID - cjag054 AB - OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to predict hand-wrist developmental stages, the most reliable indicator of skeletal maturation, from panoramic radiographs (PRs) and lateral cephalometric radiographs (LCRs) using deep learning and to compare the two methods. The goal was to provide a rapid and objective method for growth assessment in orthodontic planning without additional radiation exposure. METHODS: A total of 3703 patients who underwent hand-wrist radiographs (HWRs), PRs, and LCRs prior to orthodontic treatment were retrospectively analyzed. HWRs were classified according to Bjork's 9-stage system and reduced to 5- and 3-group schemes. YOLOv5 was used for automated reference point detection, and the extracted regions were classified using a multimodal deep learning framework. EfficientNet-B0 was used for 9-stage classification, and EfficientNet-B4 was used for 5- and 3-group classifications. Clinical variables (age, gender) were included, and hybrid loss strategies addressed class imbalance while preserving sequential stage relationships. Performance metrics included accuracy, recall, mAP@0.5, balanced accuracy, Cohen's Kappa coefficient, and detailed error analysis; 5-fold cross-validation and ensemble learning were used to improve robustness. RESULTS: YOLOv5 detected tooth roots in PRs (accuracy 92.5%, recall 93.3%, mAP@0.5 = 0.942) and cervical vertebrae in LCRs (accuracy 98.9%, recall 99.9%, mAP@0.5 = 0.995). In PRs, the standard accuracy in 9-, 5-, and 3-stage classifications was 0.3648, 0.5307, and 0.7520, respectively, while in LCRs, the standard accuracy in 9-, 5-, and 3-stage classifications was 0.4350, 0.6336, and 0.8975, respectively. CONCLUSION: Deep learning can reliably automate skeletal maturation assessment across imaging methods and resolutions. Appropriately optimized models provide valuable decision support in orthodontic treatment, increasing efficiency and consistency. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Orthodontic Society. FAU - Edik, Merve AU - Edik M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-9801-5392 AD - Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Erciyes University Faculty of Dentistry, Kosk Mah. Ahmet El Biruni Cad. No: 52, Melikgazi, Kayseri 38030, Turkey. FAU - Celebi, Fatma AU - Celebi F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7472-8297 AD - Department of Software Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Erciyes University, Kosk Mah. Ahmet El Biruni Cad. No: 52, Melikgazi, Kayseri 38030, Turkey. FAU - Etoz, Meryem AU - Etoz M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7222-0430 AD - Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Erciyes University Faculty of Dentistry, Kosk Mah. Ahmet El Biruni Cad. No: 52, Melikgazi, Kayseri 38030, Turkey. LA - eng GR - Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey/ PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Eur J Orthod JT - European journal of orthodontics JID - 7909010 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Deep Learning MH - *Radiography, Panoramic/methods MH - *Cephalometry/methods MH - Female MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Male MH - *Age Determination by Skeleton/methods MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Convolutional Neural Networks MH - Anatomic Landmarks/diagnostic imaging MH - Detection Algorithms MH - *Hand Bones/growth & development/diagnostic imaging PMC - PMC13458939 OTO - NOTNLM OT - EfficientNet OT - deep learning OT - hand-wrist maturation OT - lateral cephalometric radiography OT - panoramic radiography COIS- Conflicts of interest: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/11 12:37 MHDA- 2026/08/11 12:38 PMCR- 2026/08/11 CRDT- 2026/08/11 08:23 PHST- 2026/08/11 12:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/11 12:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/11 08:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 8758821 [pii] AID - cjag054 [pii] AID - 10.1093/ejo/cjag054 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Orthod. 2026 Aug 6;48(5):cjag054. doi: 10.1093/ejo/cjag054. PMID- 42577908 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260811 LR - 20260813 IS - 1178-6973 (Print) IS - 1178-6973 (Electronic) IS - 1178-6973 (Linking) VI - 19 DP - 2026 TI - Miliary Tuberculosis: A Comprehensive Review of Epidemiology, Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Complications. PG - 616761 LID - 10.2147/IDR.S616761 [doi] LID - 616761 AB - Miliary tuberculosis (TB) represents a potentially fatal form of disseminated TB resulting from the lymphohematogenous dissemination of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Although accounting for approximately 1-2% of all TB cases in immunocompetent adults, its mortality rate exceeds 30%. This review screened peer-reviewed, original research studies via four databases (PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and CENTRAL) to synthesize up-to-date evidence. Key risk factors include human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection, anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) agents and chronic malnutrition. The clinical presentation of miliary TB is notoriously nonspecific, with fever, night sweats, weight loss, and constitutional symptoms predominating. Over 60% of patients have extrapulmonary complications, with central nervous system (CNS) involvement in 10-30%, abdominal involvement in 15-30%, and skeletal involvement in up to 17%. Laboratory abnormalities are common, including elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), anemia, lymphopenia, and nearly universal C-reactive protein (CRP) elevation. Diagnoses remain difficult due to paucibacillary lesions; novel molecular assays and a validated CNS prediction scoring system greatly improve diagnostic efficiency, while multiple microbiological and invasive tissue sampling modalities are briefly summarized for comprehensive clinical reference. Standard 6-month isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide ethambutol and isoniazid, rifampicin (HRZE-HR) regimens apply to isolated pulmonary miliary TB, whereas 9-12-month extended therapy plus adjunctive dexamethasone is required for CNS complications. Drug resistant cases demand 18-24-month individualized regimens with high blood-brain barrier penetration. Severe complications including tuberculous meningitis and high mortality acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are fully discussed, and TNF-alpha antagonists act as salvage therapy for steroid-refractory tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS). Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination provides substantial protection against miliary TB in children, with efficacy of approximately 77% and favorable cost-effectiveness. Existing reviews lack integrated post-pandemic epidemiological data, cutting-edge molecular diagnostics and modern extrapulmonary treatment algorithms; this paper fills such gaps to offer balanced clinical guidance for frontline clinicians. CI - (c) 2026 Qiu et al. FAU - Qiu, Yukun AU - Qiu Y AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-3685-2746 AD - Department of Emergency Medicine, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China. FAU - Tang, Yubin AU - Tang Y AD - Department of Emergency Medicine, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China. FAU - Yu, Shuqing AU - Yu S AD - Lanzhou Pulmonary Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China. FAU - He, Jiaoyu AU - He J AD - Lanzhou Pulmonary Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China. FAU - Wang, Xiaohui AU - Wang X AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1934-1011 AD - Clinical Laboratory, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, Gansu, China. FAU - Liang, Juan AU - Liang J AD - Department of Emergency Medicine, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China. FAU - Li, Yamei AU - Li Y AD - Department of Emergency Medicine, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China. FAU - Sun, Mei AU - Sun M AD - Department of Emergency Medicine, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China. FAU - Xiao, Yongjiu AU - Xiao Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9140-3945 AD - Department of Emergency Medicine, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260806 PL - New Zealand TA - Infect Drug Resist JT - Infection and drug resistance JID - 101550216 PMC - PMC13455802 OTO - NOTNLM OT - complications OT - diagnosis OT - miliary tuberculosis OT - prognosis OT - treatment COIS- The authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/08/11 12:37 MHDA- 2026/08/11 12:38 PMCR- 2026/08/06 CRDT- 2026/08/11 06:38 PHST- 2026/04/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/11 12:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/11 12:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/11 06:38 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 616761 [pii] AID - 10.2147/IDR.S616761 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Infect Drug Resist. 2026 Aug 6;19:616761. doi: 10.2147/IDR.S616761. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42577167 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260811 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Latent profiles of problematic internet use and their associations with physical activity levels among college students: a cross-sectional study. PG - 1818418 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1818418 [doi] LID - 1818418 AB - OBJECTIVE: To identify latent profiles of problematic internet use (PIU) among college students and examine their associations with physical activity (PA) levels. METHODS: A stratified cluster sampling survey was conducted among 2,660 college students from central China. Problematic short video, social media, and internet game use were assessed using validated scales, and PA level was measured using the Physical Activity Rating Scale-3. Latent profile analysis was performed to identify PIU profiles. Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine the associations between PA levels and profile membership after adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics. RESULTS: Four heterogeneous latent profiles of problematic internet use were identified among college students: the Low-risk problematic use profile (n = 1,630, 61.28%), the Social media-dominant problematic use profile (n = 304, 11.43%), the Gaming-dominant problematic use profile (n = 478, 17.97%), and the High-risk problematic use profile (n = 248, 9.32%). Multinomial logistic regression analyses showed that, compared with the Low-risk profile, male students had higher odds of membership in the Gaming-dominant profile (OR = 2.122, 95%CI:1.697-2.654) and the High-risk profile (OR = 1.714, 95%CI:1.292-2.273), but lower odds of membership in the Social media-dominant profile (OR = 0.767, 95%CI:0.598-0.983). Sophomore and junior students had significantly higher odds of membership in all three non-low-risk profiles, whereas senior students had significantly lower odds. Off-campus residence was associated with lower odds of membership in the Gaming-dominant profile (OR = 0.508, 95%CI:0.298-0.864). High-level physical activity was associated with lower odds of membership in the Social media-dominant (OR = 0.585, 95%CI:0.395-0.866), Gaming-dominant (OR = 0.371, 95%CI:0.255-0.539), and High-risk profiles (OR = 0.552, 95%CI:0.353-0.862). Moderate-level physical activity was associated with lower odds of membership only in the Gaming-dominant profile (OR = 0.795, 95%CI:0.632-0.999). CONCLUSION: PIU among college students exhibits substantial heterogeneity. The observed associations between PA levels and profile membership may inform targeted PIU prevention strategies. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Peng, Zhou and Chen. FAU - Peng, Wenzhi AU - Peng W AD - Department of Physical Education Teaching and Research, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. FAU - Zhou, Zeng AU - Zhou Z AD - Department of Physical Education Teaching and Research, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. AD - College of Sports Science, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan, China. FAU - Chen, Ziyi AU - Chen Z AD - College of Physical Education and Health, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260727 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Students/statistics & numerical data/psychology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Exercise MH - Female MH - Young Adult MH - China/epidemiology MH - Universities MH - *Internet Addiction Disorder/epidemiology MH - *Internet Use/statistics & numerical data MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Adolescent MH - *Behavior, Addictive/epidemiology MH - Digital Media MH - Video Games/statistics & numerical data PMC - PMC13453751 OTO - NOTNLM OT - behavioral addiction OT - college students OT - latent profiles OT - physical activity levels OT - problematic internet use COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/11 06:35 MHDA- 2026/08/11 12:37 PMCR- 2026/07/27 CRDT- 2026/08/11 05:32 PHST- 2026/02/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/11 12:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/11 06:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/11 05:32 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1818418 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2026 Jul 27;14:1818418. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1818418. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42575069 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260829 LR - 20260829 IS - 1873-3379 (Electronic) IS - 0891-4222 (Linking) VI - 176 DP - 2026 Sep TI - The longitudinal relationship between physical activity and social skills in children with autism: Basic psychological need satisfaction in exercise as a potential pathway. PG - 105362 LID - S0891-4222(26)00157-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ridd.2026.105362 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To examine the longitudinal association between physical activity and social skills in children with autism and evaluate basic psychological need satisfaction in exercise as a potential longitudinal indirect pathway. METHODS: A three-wave longitudinal study was conducted in seven special education schools in Sichuan, Hunan, and Yunnan, China. Data were collected in November 2025, February 2026, and May 2026 at three-month intervals. Primary caregivers completed all questionnaires. After excluding attrition cases and invalid responses, 584 valid cases were retained. Physical activity, basic psychological need satisfaction in exercise, and social skills were assessed using validated Chinese scales. Measurement invariance testing and fixed-effect cross-lagged panel modeling were supplemented by a longitudinal latent-variable model, demographic- and physical-activity-scaling sensitivity analyses, and random-effects cross-lagged panel modeling. RESULTS: The preliminary bivariate CLPM showed inadequate global fit; therefore, its path coefficients were not used for substantive inference. In the primary three-variable longitudinal model, physical activity showed consistent positive prospective associations with social skills across both adjacent intervals (beta = 0.274 and 0.169, respectively; both p < 0.001). T1 physical activity was positively associated with T2 basic psychological need satisfaction in exercise (beta = 0.105, p = 0.002), which was subsequently associated with higher T3 social skills (beta = 0.188, p < 0.001). This pathway yielded a small positive standardized indirect effect (effect = 0.020, 95% CI [0.007, 0.039], p = 0.015). The directly estimated association between T1 physical activity and T3 social skills also remained positive (effect = 0.137, 95% CI [0.068, 0.213], p < 0.001), indicating that basic psychological need satisfaction in exercise accounted for part, but not all, of the longitudinal association. The focal indirect effect was replicated in the longitudinal latent-variable, covariate-adjusted, and alternative physical-activity-scoring analyses, with estimates ranging from 0.022 to 0.029. The targeted random-effects model yielded a comparable point estimate (0.022), although with greater uncertainty (95% CI [-0.012, 0.056]). CONCLUSION: These findings position physical activity as a recurring developmental context associated with later social-skill development in children with autism and indicate that basic psychological need satisfaction in exercise may modestly help explain this longitudinal relationship. They further suggest that the social-developmental relevance of physical activity may depend partly on whether participation supports autonomy, competence, and relatedness, underscoring the importance of considering the psychological quality of participation alongside activity volume. CI - Copyright (c) 2026. Published by Elsevier Ltd. FAU - Chen, Longjiang AU - Chen L AD - School of Physical Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, China. Electronic address: longjiang-chen@outlook.com. FAU - Mei, Zhengyang AU - Mei Z AD - School of Physical Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China. Electronic address: meizhengyang0823@126.com. FAU - Cai, Chenyi AU - Cai C AD - School of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China. Electronic address: caichenyi2002@126.com. FAU - Yin, Tian AU - Yin T AD - School of Physical Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, China. Electronic address: shanliangdenanzihan@ymu.edu.cn. FAU - Xiang, Yian AU - Xiang Y AD - Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China. Electronic address: xyian@126.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260810 PL - United States TA - Res Dev Disabil JT - Research in developmental disabilities JID - 8709782 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Female MH - Child MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - *Social Skills MH - *Personal Satisfaction MH - *Autistic Disorder/psychology MH - China MH - Education, Special MH - *Autism Spectrum Disorder/psychology MH - Surveys and Questionnaires OTO - NOTNLM OT - Basic psychological need satisfaction in exercise OT - Children with autism OT - Longitudinal study OT - Physical activity OT - Social skills COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/08/11 00:35 MHDA- 2026/08/29 23:35 CRDT- 2026/08/10 18:10 PHST- 2026/06/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/29 23:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/11 00:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/10 18:10 [entrez] AID - S0891-4222(26)00157-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ridd.2026.105362 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Res Dev Disabil. 2026 Sep;176:105362. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2026.105362. Epub 2026 Aug 10. PMID- 42574849 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260825 LR - 20260825 IS - 1873-6297 (Electronic) IS - 0001-6918 (Linking) VI - 269 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Drivers of sustainable sport behavior in university students: Model development and validation. PG - 107572 LID - S0001-6918(26)01373-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.actpsy.2026.107572 [doi] AB - This study developed and evaluated an integrative model of sustainable sport behavior among university students, defined as a theoretically linked but noninterchangeable pair of outcomes: maintenance of sport and physical activity participation and eco-aligned sport choices. Drawing on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), self-regulation, motivation, social influence, and ecological perspectives, the study examined the confirmatory contribution of core TPB constructs and the incremental contribution of selected psychological, social, environmental, and sustainability-related factors. A two-phase design was used. In Phase 1, newly developed items measuring eco-aligned sport choices, visible sustainability practices, and perceived gendered/cultural barriers were reviewed by experts, refined through cognitive interviews, and examined using exploratory factor analysis with 284 students. In Phase 2, confirmatory factor analysis, measurement invariance testing, and structural equation modeling were conducted with 948 undergraduate students; 412 students provided behavior data at an eight-week follow-up. The measurement analyses supported two related first-order dimensions; a second-order score was retained for concise reporting, although the correlated two-factor solution showed a small fit advantage. Perceived behavioral control showed the largest association with intention, and T1 intention was prospectively associated with T2 behavior after baseline behavior was considered. Self-efficacy, perceived competence, intrinsic motivation, peer support, scheduling compatibility, access, physical environment quality, and visible sustainability practices showed additional, generally small associations. Statistical indirect associations through stress and anxiety were interpreted cautiously. Measurement invariance was evaluated for women and men and across academic stage. The findings indicate that sustainable sport behavior is associated with both individual regulation and inclusive, accessible, schedule-sensitive, and visibly sustainable campus conditions; however, the 43.5% follow-up retention, self-report measurement, and the observational nature of most paths limit causal inference. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Chen, Xiao AU - Chen X AD - Faculty of Sports Science and Technology, Bangkok Thonburi University, Bangkok, Thailand. Electronic address: chenxiao2152@outlook.com. FAU - Esmaeili, Ali AU - Esmaeili A AD - Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: ali.esmaeili@atu.ac.ir. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260810 PL - Netherlands TA - Acta Psychol (Amst) JT - Acta psychologica JID - 0370366 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Students/psychology MH - Female MH - Universities MH - Theory of Planned Behavior MH - *Sports/psychology MH - *Motivation MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - Self Efficacy MH - Adult MH - Intention MH - Self-Control MH - *Models, Psychological MH - Adolescent MH - *Exercise/psychology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Campus sustainability OT - Motivation OT - Perceived behavioral control OT - Physical activity OT - Structural equation modeling OT - Sustainable sport behavior OT - University students COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/08/11 00:35 MHDA- 2026/08/25 05:34 CRDT- 2026/08/10 18:02 PHST- 2026/06/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/31 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/25 05:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/11 00:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/10 18:02 [entrez] AID - S0001-6918(26)01373-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.actpsy.2026.107572 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Acta Psychol (Amst). 2026 Sep;269:107572. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2026.107572. Epub 2026 Aug 10. PMID- 42574428 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260810 LR - 20260813 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 8 DP - 2026 TI - Moving Kindergartens: Protocol for a 10-week feasibility study. PG - e0354826 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0354826 [doi] LID - e0354826 AB - OBJECTIVE: The primary aim of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of a proposed intervention designed to support the daily movement practices and fostering joy of movement in Danish kindergartens, as well as the implementation strategies intended to facilitate adoption. Additionally, the feasibility of the planned measurement and procedures for a future effectiveness study will be examined. METHODS: The study uses a mixed-methods design to examine the feasibility of the intervention and the evaluation design. The planned duration of the intervention period is 10 weeks. The intervention consists of multiple integrated components co-designed with pedagogical staff, leaders, experts in kindergarten movement culture, and a team of researchers, to collectively support the daily movement practice in kindergartens. Alongside the intervention components, tailored strategies are developed to facilitate adoption and implementation. The intervention elements are categorized into four main types: 1) Formal establishment of the project; 2) Components of physical activity integrated in existing structures in the kindergarten; 3) Organizational and staff training; 4) Inspirational materials, tools and exemplary plans. DISCUSSION: The use of a co-design approach in close collaboration between kindergartens, experts, and a team of researchers will ensure contextual relevance and shared ownership. This approach is expected to enhance acceptability, feasibility, and sustainability of the intervention. The mixed-methods evaluation design, use of theoretical implementation frameworks, and tailored strategies further strengthen the study. The findings from this feasibility study will inform the refinement of the final intervention and guide the planning of a forthcoming effectiveness study. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Bandak et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Bandak, Elisabeth AU - Bandak E AD - Department of Midwifery, Physiotherapy, Occupational Therapy and Psychomotor Therapy, University College Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. AD - Centre for Better Childhoods, University College Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Jeppesen, Lise Sohl AU - Jeppesen LS AD - Department of Midwifery, Physiotherapy, Occupational Therapy and Psychomotor Therapy, University College Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. AD - Centre for Better Childhoods, University College Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Sederberg, Mathilde AU - Sederberg M AD - Centre for Better Childhoods, University College Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Pawlowski, Charlotte Skau AU - Pawlowski CS AD - Centre for Better Childhoods, University College Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. AD - Active Living Research Unit, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. FAU - Bugge, Anna AU - Bugge A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8345-1434 AD - Department of Midwifery, Physiotherapy, Occupational Therapy and Psychomotor Therapy, University College Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. AD - Centre for Better Childhoods, University College Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260810 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Feasibility Studies MH - *Schools MH - Child, Preschool MH - Denmark MH - *Exercise MH - Research Design PMC - PMC13456249 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/08/10 18:36 MHDA- 2026/08/10 18:37 PMCR- 2026/08/10 CRDT- 2026/08/10 13:34 PHST- 2025/12/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/10 18:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/10 18:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/10 13:34 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-25-65081 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0354826 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 Aug 10;21(8):e0354826. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0354826. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42571161 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260809 LR - 20260826 IS - 2325-9671 (Print) IS - 2325-9671 (Electronic) IS - 2325-9671 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Association of Mental Health, Quality of Life, and Sport Specialization Using the Wisconsin Sport Specialization Questionnaire Among Adolescent Athletes. PG - 23259671261467554 LID - 10.1177/23259671261467554 [doi] LID - 23259671261467554 AB - BACKGROUND: Higher sport specialization levels have been associated with increased mental health issues. A recently validated questionnaire, the Wisconsin Sport Specialization Questionnaire (WISSQ), may provide clarity about the degree of sport specialization to investigate associations with mental health/quality of life (QoL) among adolescent athletes. PURPOSE: To examine the association of sports specialization, as measured by the WISSQ, and mental health/QoL outcomes among uninjured adolescent athletes, as well as the effect of age on the interaction between mental health/QoL outcomes and sport specialization. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 2. METHODS: During the preseason assessment, performed in July and August from 2023 to 2025, participants completed the WISSQ and the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Global 25 (Version 1.1). A multiple linear regression model was constructed that evaluated the association between 6 PROMIS domains and WISSQ ratings, adjusting for age, sex, and self-reported physical activity volume. To address the secondary purpose, linear regression models with an interaction term were used to examine the association between each PROMIS domain and age with sport specialization. RESULTS: A total of 251 uninjured adolescent athletes completed the study (mean +/- SD age, 15.9 +/- 1.4 years). The mean WISSQ rating was 54.1 (SD, 15.4). Results from the multivariable linear regression model indicated that higher depressive symptoms (beta = 0.46; 95% CI, 0.16-0.76; P = .003) and pain interference ratings (beta = 0.30; 95% CI, 0.02-0.57; P = .03) were significantly associated with higher WISSQ ratings, after adjusting for baseline physical activity, age, sex, and history of anxiety or depression diagnosis. For the secondary purpose, there was a significant interaction between fatigue and age group on sport specialization (beta coefficient = 0.49; 95% CI, 0.02-0.95; P = .04). The relationship between fatigue and sport specialization differed by age: a stronger association occurred among older adolescents than younger adolescents. There were no other age x QoL interactions. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that higher depressive symptoms and pain interference ratings were significantly associated with higher WISSQ ratings. In addition, there was a significant interaction between fatigue and age group, with a stronger association identified among older adolescents. Higher specialized and older adolescent athletes may be more at risk for developing mental health/QoL concerns and may benefit from more targeted screening. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. FAU - Meyers, Rachel AU - Meyers R AD - Sports Medicine Center, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA. FAU - Petersen, Sarah AU - Petersen S AD - Sports Medicine Center, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA. AD - Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA. FAU - Hogg-Cornejo, Veronica AU - Hogg-Cornejo V AD - Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA. FAU - Sweeney, Emily AU - Sweeney E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5546-4668 AD - Sports Medicine Center, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA. AD - Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA. FAU - Armento, Aubrey AU - Armento A AD - Sports Medicine Center, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA. AD - Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA. FAU - Howell, David AU - Howell D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2955-0191 AD - Sports Medicine Center, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA. AD - Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA. FAU - Walker, Gregory AU - Walker G AD - Sports Medicine Center, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA. AD - Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA. LA - eng GR - R13 AR080451/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/United States GR - UL1 TR002535/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 NS100952/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States GR - K12 TR004412/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States GR - R03 HD094560/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States GR - UM1 TR004399/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States GR - R43 NS108823/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260806 PL - United States TA - Orthop J Sports Med JT - Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine JID - 101620522 PMC - PMC13451724 OTO - NOTNLM OT - WISSQ OT - adolescence OT - mental health OT - sport specialization COIS- One or more of the authors has declared the following potential conflict of interest or source of funding: Research reported in this publication was supported by the Denver Broncos Foundation. The funding source played no role in the research design, data collection, data analysis, or interpretation of results. Unrelated to this study, D.H. has received research support from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R03HD094560,), the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS100952, R43NS108823), the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (1R13AR080451), the 59th Medical Wing Department of the Air Force, MINDSOURCE Brain Injury Network, the Tai Foundation, and the Colorado Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute (UL1 TR002535-05). A.A. has received funding from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences/Clinical and Translational Science Awards Program/Colorado Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute (K12 TR004412, UM1 TR004399). EDAT- 2026/08/09 06:41 MHDA- 2026/08/09 06:42 PMCR- 2026/08/06 CRDT- 2026/08/09 03:58 PHST- 2026/06/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/09 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/09 06:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/09 03:58 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1177_23259671261467554 [pii] AID - 10.1177/23259671261467554 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Orthop J Sports Med. 2026 Aug 6;14(8):23259671261467554. doi: 10.1177/23259671261467554. eCollection 2026 Aug. PMID- 42570575 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260926 LR - 20260926 IS - 1872-7727 (Electronic) IS - 0720-048X (Linking) VI - 204 DP - 2026 Nov TI - Ultrasound-based area ossification ratios for pediatric radiographic bone age: Development and internal validation of a radiation-free nomogram. PG - 113135 LID - S0720-048X(26)00483-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ejrad.2026.113135 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: Radiographic bone age (BA) assessment involves ionizing radiation, limiting its utility in frequent longitudinal follow-up. This study developed and internally validated a radiation-free nomogram based on multi-site two-dimensional ultrasound area ossification ratios (ORs) to assess Zhonghua-05 (RUS-CHN) radiographic bone age and predicted adult height (PAH), evaluating its incremental value over chronological age. METHODS: In this single-center prospective study (August 2024 approximately December 2025), 1,053 children aged 3-15 years were randomized into training and validation sets (7:3). Ultrasound area ORs of the left distal radius, ulna, and femur were calculated. Using radiographic RUS-CHN BA as the reference standard, predictor variables were selected via LASSO regression to construct the nomogram. Model performance was evaluated across the cohort and within developmental discordance subgroups (advanced/delayed maturation). RESULTS: Ultrasound OR measurements showed excellent reproducibility (ICC > 0.88). In the validation set, the nomogram predicted RUS-CHN BA with a mean absolute error (MAE) of 2.94 months (RMSE = 3.67 months, R(2) = 0.989). Crucially, in children with advanced or delayed maturation, the nomogram reduced BA prediction MAE by over 60 % compared to a baseline clinical feature model. The secondary model for PAH achieved an MAE of 0.63 cm. CONCLUSIONS: Multi-site ultrasound area ORs provide a highly reproducible, radiation-free index of skeletal maturity. As an internally validated, standard-specific research tool, the nomogram estimated RUS-CHN radiographic BA and corrected age-anchoring bias in children with discordant maturation. Because its numeric calibration is specific to the RUS-CHN standard, external multicenter and longitudinal validation is required before clinical use. ABBREVIATIONS: BA, Bone age; BMI, Body mass index; CI, Confidence interval; GP, Greulich Pyle; ICC, Intraclass correlation coefficient; LASSO, Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator; LoA, Limits of agreement; MAE, Mean absolute error; MPH, Mid‑parental height; OR, Area ossification ratio; PAH, Predicted adult height; QC, Quality control; RMSE, Root mean square error; RUS‑CHN, Radius, ulna, and short bones RUS skeletal‑maturity score, Chinese standard; SOP, Standard operating procedure; TRIPOD, Transparent Reporting of a multivariable prediction model for Individual Prognosis Or Diagnosis. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Deng, Yongzhi AU - Deng Y AD - School of Medical Technology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, China. FAU - Qiang, Lu AU - Qiang L AD - Department of Radiology, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, Hunan 423000, China. FAU - Wang, Tailong AU - Wang T AD - Department of Ultrasound, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, Hunan 423000, China. FAU - Zheng, Haijun AU - Zheng H AD - Department of Radiology, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, Hunan 423000, China. FAU - He, Yucheng AU - He Y AD - Department of Radiology, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, Hunan 423000, China. FAU - Li, Yifang AU - Li Y AD - Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China. FAU - Zhu, Weihong AU - Zhu W AD - Department of Ultrasound, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, Hunan 423000, China. Electronic address: zhu_wei_hong@126.com. FAU - Li, Yudan AU - Li Y AD - Department of Ultrasound, The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China. Electronic address: liyudan2026@163.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260805 PL - Ireland TA - Eur J Radiol JT - European journal of radiology JID - 8106411 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Age Determination by Skeleton/methods MH - *Nomograms MH - Child MH - Ultrasonography/methods MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Child, Preschool MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Osteogenesis/physiology MH - Adolescent MH - Prospective Studies OTO - NOTNLM OT - Area ossification ratio OT - Bone age OT - LASSO OT - Nomogram OT - Predicted adult height OT - RUS-CHN OT - Ultrasound COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/08/09 00:43 MHDA- 2026/09/26 05:34 CRDT- 2026/08/08 18:07 PHST- 2026/06/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/26 05:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/09 00:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/08 18:07 [entrez] AID - S0720-048X(26)00483-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ejrad.2026.113135 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Radiol. 2026 Nov;204:113135. doi: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2026.113135. Epub 2026 Aug 5. PMID- 42551383 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260825 LR - 20260825 IS - 1873-6297 (Electronic) IS - 0001-6918 (Linking) VI - 269 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Fatigue in adolescent girls is linked to heavy menstrual bleeding, meal skipping and nicotine use - not iron deficiency. PG - 107568 LID - S0001-6918(26)01369-7 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.actpsy.2026.107568 [doi] AB - Fatigue is common among adolescent girls, and iron deficiency is often considered a potential contributing factor. However, the association between iron status and self-reported fatigue in this population remains insufficiently understood. In a cross-sectional study of 485 post-menarchal girls aged 15-19 years, we examined associations between iron status, menstrual health, lifestyle factors, fatigue, and quality of life. Participants completed validated measures of fatigue (Pediatric Quality of Life Multidimensional Fatigue Scale) and quality of life (KIDSCREEN-10), and provided blood samples for ferritin and hemoglobin assessment. Iron deficiency was present in 37.7% of participants and anemia in 7.7%. Neither iron deficiency nor anemia was associated with fatigue or quality of life in crude analyses. In contrast, heavy menstrual bleeding, daily nicotine use, and skipping breakfast or school lunch were associated with higher fatigue and lower quality of life. After adjustment for potential confounders, higher ferritin and hemoglobin levels were associated with greater fatigue, while heavy menstrual bleeding remained consistently associated with fatigue. These findings suggest that fatigue in adolescent girls is more closely related to menstrual health and everyday behavioral factors than to iron status. The results support a multidimensional perspective on adolescent fatigue and highlight the importance of considering behavioral and psychosocial influences when assessing fatigue and well-being. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Stubbendorff, Anna AU - Stubbendorff A AD - Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmo, Lund University, Malmo, Sweden. Electronic address: anna.stubbendorff@med.lu.se. FAU - Borgfors, Alice AU - Borgfors A AD - Center for Primary Health Care Research, Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmo, Lund University, Sweden; University Clinic Primary Care Skane, Region Skane, Sweden. FAU - Bolmsjo, Beata Borgstrom AU - Bolmsjo BB AD - Center for Primary Health Care Research, Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmo, Lund University, Sweden; University Clinic Primary Care Skane, Region Skane, Sweden. FAU - Vinge, Fredrik AU - Vinge F AD - Center for Primary Health Care Research, Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmo, Lund University, Sweden; University Clinic Primary Care Skane, Region Skane, Sweden. FAU - Midlov, Patrik AU - Midlov P AD - Center for Primary Health Care Research, Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmo, Lund University, Sweden; University Clinic Primary Care Skane, Region Skane, Sweden. FAU - Wolff, Moa AU - Wolff M AD - Center for Primary Health Care Research, Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmo, Lund University, Sweden; University Clinic Primary Care Skane, Region Skane, Sweden. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260804 PL - Netherlands TA - Acta Psychol (Amst) JT - Acta psychologica JID - 0370366 RN - 9007-73-2 (Ferritins) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - *Fatigue/epidemiology/etiology/blood MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Quality of Life MH - *Iron Deficiencies MH - *Menorrhagia/epidemiology/complications MH - Ferritins/blood MH - Young Adult MH - *Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/epidemiology MH - *Tobacco Use/epidemiology MH - *Feeding Behavior/physiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent OT - Fatigue OT - Heavy menstrual bleeding, nicotine, diet OT - Iron deficiency OT - Teenage COIS- Declaration of competing interest All authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/08/09 15:21 MHDA- 2026/08/25 05:34 CRDT- 2026/08/04 18:10 PHST- 2026/06/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/25 05:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/09 15:21 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/04 18:10 [entrez] AID - S0001-6918(26)01369-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.actpsy.2026.107568 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Acta Psychol (Amst). 2026 Sep;269:107568. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2026.107568. Epub 2026 Aug 4. PMID- 42551355 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260826 LR - 20260826 IS - 1878-7487 (Electronic) IS - 1752-928X (Linking) VI - 122 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Stature estimation based on palm and fingers of hand anthropometric measurements in an adult Slovak population. PG - 103227 LID - S1752-928X(26)00160-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jflm.2026.103227 [doi] AB - Individual identification plays an important role in forensic anthropology, where biological profiles are created. Estimating body height is a key parameter, alongside age, sex and ethnicity. This study aims to assess the relationship between height and hand dimensions, and to develop regression equations specific to the Slovak population. The sample consists of 125 women and 90 men aged 18-30. Twenty-two hand dimensions were measured on both hands (hand length and width, palm length, finger length, and the length of individual finger phalanges), as well as participants' height. The measurement data were subsequently analysed using simple and multiple regression analysis. Significant differences between the sexes were found for all measured variables, with bilateral asymmetry observed for certain dimensions. The accuracy of predicting height using these hand dimension-based equations ranges from +/-5.14 to +/-5.92 cm for women and from +/-5.57 to +/-7.35 cm for men. The results indicate a positive correlation between height and all hand-related variables (R = 0.366-0.894, p < 0.001), with a stronger association observed between hand and finger length than between finger phalanx length and height. Our study provides equations that can be used to estimate stature based on palm and finger measurements among Slovaks. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier Ltd and Faculty of Forensic and Legal Medicine. All rights reserved. FAU - Dornhoferova, Michaela AU - Dornhoferova M AD - Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynska dolina, Bratislava, 84215, Slovakia. Electronic address: michaela.dornhoferova@uniba.sk. FAU - Stankova, Romana AU - Stankova R AD - Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynska dolina, Bratislava, 84215, Slovakia. Electronic address: stankovaromana11@gmail.com. FAU - Lassova, Dominika AU - Lassova D AD - Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynska dolina, Bratislava, 84215, Slovakia; Department of Paediatrics, National Institute of Children's Diseases, Bratislava, 833 40, Slovakia. Electronic address: dominika.lassova@uniba.sk. FAU - Chovancova, Maria AU - Chovancova M AD - Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynska dolina, Bratislava, 84215, Slovakia. Electronic address: maria.chovancova@uniba.sk. FAU - Bodorikova, Silvia AU - Bodorikova S AD - Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynska dolina, Bratislava, 84215, Slovakia. Electronic address: silvia.bodorikova@uniba.sk. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260727 PL - England TA - J Forensic Leg Med JT - Journal of forensic and legal medicine JID - 101300022 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Slovakia MH - Adult MH - Female MH - *Hand/anatomy & histology MH - Forensic Anthropology MH - *Body Height MH - Young Adult MH - *Fingers/anatomy & histology MH - Regression Analysis MH - Adolescent MH - Finger Phalanges/anatomy & histology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Forensic anthropology OT - Hand dimensions OT - Intersexual differences OT - Regression equations COIS- Declaration of competing interests The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/08/09 15:21 MHDA- 2026/08/26 23:35 CRDT- 2026/08/04 18:09 PHST- 2026/04/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/26 23:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/09 15:21 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/04 18:09 [entrez] AID - S1752-928X(26)00160-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jflm.2026.103227 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Forensic Leg Med. 2026 Aug;122:103227. doi: 10.1016/j.jflm.2026.103227. Epub 2026 Jul 27. PMID- 42570408 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260822 LR - 20260822 IS - 1873-4162 (Electronic) IS - 1344-6223 (Linking) VI - 85 DP - 2026 Sep TI - The relationship between postmortem heart weight and morphometric measurements and body mass index: an investigation of forensic autopsy cases. PG - 102916 LID - S1344-6223(26)00144-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.legalmed.2026.102916 [doi] AB - The postmortem evaluation of heart weight and morphometric measurements presents challenges, highlighting the need for reliable reference values. This study aimed to establish population-specific data for the Turkish population. A retrospective analysis was performed on autopsy cases aged >/=18 years between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2019, at the relevant forensic morgue department. Statistical analyses were conducted using the Number Cruncher Statistical System. Of the included cases, 20.2% were female and 79.8% male. The mean age and body mass index were 52.32 +/- 20.29 years and 28.34 +/- 7.29 kg/m(2) in females, and 46.86 +/- 17.06 years and 26.54 +/- 5.43 kg/m(2) in males. Heart weight increased with age up to 80 years in both sexes and was independently associated with body mass index in multivariable regression analysis. The mean heart weight was 507.08 +/- 129.12 g in cardiovascular-related deaths and 410.35 +/- 128.94 g in other natural deaths. In hearts without detected cardiac pathology, the mean weight was 277.74 g in females and 350.11 g in males. Average ventricular wall thickness was 0.31 cm (right) and 1.27 cm (left). Valve circumferences were larger in males. Multivariate regression analysis revealed moderate explanatory power (R(2) = 32.5% in cases with pathology and 48.0% in those without pathology) for heart weight. This study provides population-specific reference data for postmortem heart weight and morphometric parameters within the methodological framework of a retrospective autopsy cohort in the Turkish population. These findings may support forensic autopsy practice, though further studies are needed for validation. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Tat, Emrah AU - Tat E AD - The Group Presidency of Forensic Medicine, Council of Forensic Medicine, Ministry of Justice, Antalya, Turkiye. Electronic address: ab205132@adalet.gov.tr. FAU - Sogukpinar, Veysel Osman AU - Sogukpinar VO AD - The Group Presidency of Forensic Medicine, Council of Forensic Medicine, Ministry of Justice, Van, Turkiye. Electronic address: v.o.s23@hotmail.com. FAU - Arpak, Baha Berk AU - Arpak BB AD - The Council of Forensic Medicine, Ministry of Justice, Istanbul, Turkiye. Electronic address: bahaberk@gmail.com. FAU - Uzun, Ibrahim AU - Uzun I AD - The Council of Forensic Medicine, Ministry of Justice, Istanbul, Turkiye. Electronic address: ibrahim.uzun@iuc.edu.tr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260708 PL - Ireland TA - Leg Med (Tokyo) JT - Legal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) JID - 100889186 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - Aged MH - *Body Mass Index MH - Adult MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Organ Size MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Autopsy MH - *Heart/anatomy & histology MH - Adolescent MH - Turkey MH - Young Adult MH - Forensic Pathology MH - Reference Values MH - *Myocardium/pathology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Body mass index OT - Forensic autopsy OT - Heart morphometric measurements OT - Heart weight OT - Reference values OT - Turkish population COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/08/08 23:10 MHDA- 2026/08/22 23:43 CRDT- 2026/08/08 18:01 PHST- 2026/02/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/22 23:43 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/08 23:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/08 18:01 [entrez] AID - S1344-6223(26)00144-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.legalmed.2026.102916 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Leg Med (Tokyo). 2026 Sep;85:102916. doi: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2026.102916. Epub 2026 Jul 8. PMID- 42569675 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260808 LR - 20260813 IS - 2667-3681 (Electronic) IS - 2667-3681 (Linking) VI - 19 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Creation and validation of the 8-Item Brief Emotional Eating Scale (BEES-8, version 1.0) in youth and adults. PG - 100307 LID - 10.1016/j.obpill.2026.100307 [doi] LID - 100307 AB - INTRODUCTION: Although several instruments have been developed to assess emotional eating, no measure has yet been identified that evaluates this construct based on the eight basic emotions. Assessing emotional eating is particularly important because it represents a relevant factor associated with overweight and obesity. In this context, the aim of the present study was to develop and validate the Brief Emotional Eating Scale based on the Eight Basic Emotions (BEES-8, version 1.0) in a sample of Peruvian youth and adults. METHODS: A cross-sectional psychometric study was conducted. The non-probabilistic sample consisted of 481 participants of both sexes, with a mean age of 31.72 years (SD = 12.08), recruited from Metropolitan Lima, Peru. The Brief Emotional Eating Scale (BEES-8, v1.0) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-2) were administered. RESULTS: A second-order confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated an adequate model fit (CFI = 0.976, TLI = 0.962, SRMR = 0.029, RMSEA = 0.076). Furthermore, BEES-8 (v1.0) scores showed a positive and statistically significant correlation with generalized anxiety (r = 0.449, p < 0.001), providing evidence of validity based on relationships with other variables. Finally, the scale demonstrated adequate overall reliability (omega = 0.919). CONCLUSION: The BEES-8 (v1.0) demonstrated adequate evidence of validity and reliability for assessing emotional eating based on the eight basic emotions. It constitutes a potentially useful tool for research and for the study of eating behaviors associated with emotional states, as well as variables related to overweight, obesity, and emotional regulation. CI - (c) 2026 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Obesity Medicine Association. FAU - Javier-Aliaga, David AU - Javier-Aliaga D AD - Graduate School,Universidad Peruana Union, Lima, Peru. AD - Advanced Research Center in Neuroscience, Lifestyles, Gastrointestinal health, Obesity and Diabetes (ARCeNeLGOD), Lima, Peru. FAU - Quinteros-Zuniga, Damaris AU - Quinteros-Zuniga D AD - Graduate School,Universidad Peruana Union, Lima, Peru. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260724 PL - United States TA - Obes Pillars JT - Obesity pillars JID - 9918697364706676 PMC - PMC13450208 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adult OT - Emotional eating OT - Factor analysis OT - Obesity OT - Validation OT - Young adult COIS- The authors declare no financial, institutional, employment, or personal conflicts of interest related to the preparation of this manuscript. EDAT- 2026/08/08 23:10 MHDA- 2026/08/08 23:11 PMCR- 2026/07/24 CRDT- 2026/08/08 06:32 PHST- 2026/06/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/08 23:11 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/08 23:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/08 06:32 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2667-3681(26)00063-X [pii] AID - 100307 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.obpill.2026.100307 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Obes Pillars. 2026 Jul 24;19:100307. doi: 10.1016/j.obpill.2026.100307. eCollection 2026 Sep. PMID- 42568081 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260808 LR - 20260813 IS - 1472-6831 (Electronic) IS - 1472-6831 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Aug 8 TI - Digital odontometric analysis for sex estimation in Egyptian adolescents. LID - 10.1186/s12903-026-09486-x [doi] LID - 1384 AB - OBJECTIVES: Reliable sex estimation using dental metrics has important implications for clinical assessment and forensic identification, particularly in adolescents where skeletal indicators may be limited. This study aimed to validate the accuracy and clinical applicability of a digital odontometric model for sex estimation in an Egyptian adolescent population. METHODS: A total of 150 dental casts from individuals aged 12-19 years were digitized using a high-resolution three-dimensional scanner. Mesiodistal and buccolingual dimensions of the permanent first molars, mesiodistal widths of the maxillary canines, and intercanine, interpremolar, and intermolar arch widths were obtained using Facad Ortho tracing software. Statistical comparisons between sexes were performed, and discriminant function analysis was applied to construct and validate a predictive model for sex estimation. RESULTS: All measured parameters demonstrated significantly higher mean values in males compared with females (p < 0.05). The buccolingual and mesiodistal dimensions of the maxillary first molar exhibited the greatest sexual dimorphism (26.95% and 25.98%, respectively). The developed discriminant function model achieved a prediction accuracy of 97.8% for males and 100% for females. CONCLUSIONS: Digital odontometric analysis provides a promising approach for assessing sexual dimorphism in adolescents, pending external validation. This promising model may serve as a reliable adjunct for clinical evaluation and forensic identification within population-specific contexts pending further multicenter validation. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Digital measurement of tooth and arch dimensions enables objective, standardized assessment of sex-related differences, supporting its integration into orthodontic diagnostics, treatment planning, and forensic casework where conventional skeletal indicators may be unavailable or inconclusive. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Hadwa, Shimaa M AU - Hadwa SM AD - Pediatric Dentistry, Oral Health, and Preventive Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt. shimaa.hadwa@dent.tanta.edu.eg. FAU - Alawy, Safa B AU - Alawy SB AD - Orthodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt. FAU - Kabbash, Ibrahim A AU - Kabbash IA AD - Public Health & Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt. FAU - El-Desouky, Shaimaa S AU - El-Desouky SS AD - Pediatric Dentistry, Oral Health, and Preventive Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260808 PL - England TA - BMC Oral Health JT - BMC oral health JID - 101088684 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - *Odontometry/methods MH - Egypt MH - Male MH - Child MH - Female MH - Young Adult MH - Imaging, Three-Dimensional MH - Discriminant Analysis MH - Models, Dental MH - Sex Characteristics MH - *Sex Determination Analysis/methods MH - Image Processing, Computer-Assisted MH - Dental Arch/anatomy & histology PMC - PMC13452096 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Arch width OT - Forensic odontology OT - Odontometric analysis OT - Sex OT - Sexual dimorphism COIS- Declarations. Ethical approval and consent to participate: Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Research Ethics Committee, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University (Approval code: R-PED-5-24-3108), in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent amendments. The study was retrospective and non-interventional in nature. Written informed consent to participate was obtained from all participants and/or their legal guardians at the time of record and dental cast collection, permitting the use of anonymized clinical data and models for research purposes. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/08/08 00:37 MHDA- 2026/08/08 12:52 PMCR- 2026/08/08 CRDT- 2026/08/07 23:57 PHST- 2026/01/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/08 12:52 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/08 00:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/07 23:57 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12903-026-09486-x [pii] AID - 9486 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12903-026-09486-x [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Oral Health. 2026 Aug 8;26(1):1384. doi: 10.1186/s12903-026-09486-x. PMID- 42568061 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260819 LR - 20261027 IS - 2047-9980 (Electronic) IS - 2047-9980 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 16 DP - 2026 Aug 18 TI - Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Score Trajectories From Early to Middle Adulthood and Coronary Artery Calcium Progression in Middle Age. PG - e044564 LID - 10.1161/JAHA.125.044564 [doi] LID - e044564 AB - BACKGROUND: The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet reduces blood pressure and cardiovascular disease risk, but its impact on later coronary artery calcium (CAC) progression is unclear. This study aimed to identify DASH score trajectories from early to middle adulthood and assess their association with CAC progression in middle age, exploring the potential mediating factors. METHODS: We conducted a prospective analysis of 2238 Black and White adults who were aged 18 to 30 years at CARDIA (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) baseline and were followed from study year 20 to year 25. DASH score trajectories from early to middle adulthood were determined using latent class analysis. The primary end point was CAC progression, a validated measure of plaque progression, defined as a >2.5 square root increase in CAC score between years 20 and 25. RESULTS: Two distinct DASH score trajectories were identified: the low-increasing and high-decreasing trajectories. In the fully adjusted model, participants in the high-decreasing trajectory had a 21% lower risk of CAC progression compared with those in the low-increasing trajectory (hazard ratio, 0.79 [95% CI, 0.65-0.98]; P=0.028). The association was partially mediated by diastolic blood pressure, insulin, uric acid, and lipid profiles. CONCLUSIONS: DASH score trajectories vary from early to middle adulthood. Maintaining high adherence to the DASH diet from early to middle adulthood is associated with reduced CAC progression in middle age, partially mediated by cardiometabolic risk factors. These findings support the importance of long-term adherence to a healthy dietary pattern for cardiovascular disease primary prevention. REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; unique identifier: NCT00005130. FAU - Li, Xiong-Zhi AU - Li XZ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8000-0227 AD - Department of Cardiology Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200120 China. FAU - Xiong, Zhuo-Chao AU - Xiong ZC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7520-409X AD - Department of Cardiology Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200120 China. FAU - Wang, Xin-Yi AU - Wang XY AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-2285-6772 AD - Department of Cardiology Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200120 China. FAU - Yu, Jin-Bo AU - Yu JB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4341-3131 AD - Department of Cardiology Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200120 China. FAU - Zhou, Jian AU - Zhou J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5188-7129 AD - Department of Cardiology Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200120 China. FAU - Zhong, Dong-Xiang AU - Zhong DX AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3997-7578 AD - Department of Cardiology Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200120 China. FAU - Wu, Yi-Zhang AU - Wu YZ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9693-8516 AD - Department of Cardiology Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200120 China. FAU - Zhang, Bao-Wei AU - Zhang BW AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7043-0370 AD - Department of Cardiology Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200120 China. FAU - Zhang, You-Ming AU - Zhang YM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5014-8228 AD - Department of Cardiology Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200120 China. FAU - Xia, Guang AU - Xia G AD - Department of Cardiology Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200120 China. FAU - Fan, Feng-Hua AU - Fan FH AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-0049-6089 AD - Department of Cardiology Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200120 China. FAU - Xie, Xin AU - Xie X AD - Department of Cardiology Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200120 China. FAU - Chen, Jie AU - Chen J AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-2462-9559 AD - Department of Cardiology Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200120 China. FAU - Song, Jie AU - Song J AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-3238-4962 AD - Department of Cardiology Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200120 China. FAU - Zhao, Jie AU - Zhao J AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-3898-3505 AD - Department of Cardiology Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200120 China. FAU - Li, Xiao-Rong AU - Li XR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7295-655X AD - Department of Cardiology Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200120 China. FAU - Yang, Bing AU - Yang B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5042-9305 AD - Department of Cardiology Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200120 China. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT00005130 PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20260807 PL - England TA - J Am Heart Assoc JT - Journal of the American Heart Association JID - 101580524 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Dietary Approaches To Stop Hypertension MH - Male MH - Disease Progression MH - Female MH - *Coronary Artery Disease/prevention & control/diagnostic imaging/epidemiology MH - Adult MH - Prospective Studies MH - *Vascular Calcification/prevention & control/diagnostic imaging/epidemiology MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Middle Aged MH - Blood Pressure MH - Risk Factors MH - *Hypertension/diet therapy MH - Age Factors MH - *Coronary Vessels/diagnostic imaging MH - Risk Assessment MH - Time Factors MH - United States/epidemiology PMC - PMC13695727 OTO - NOTNLM OT - cardiometabolic risk OT - cardiovascular disease OT - coronary artery calcium OT - diet OT - dietary approaches to stop hypertension OT - primary prevention COIS- None. EDAT- 2026/08/08 00:37 MHDA- 2026/08/19 17:43 PMCR- 2026/08/07 CRDT- 2026/08/07 23:54 PHST- 2026/08/19 17:43 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/08 00:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/07 23:54 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JAH370941 [pii] AID - 10.1161/JAHA.125.044564 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Am Heart Assoc. 2026 Aug 18;15(16):e044564. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.125.044564. Epub 2026 Aug 7. PMID- 42567969 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261012 LR - 20261014 IS - 1437-1596 (Electronic) IS - 0937-9827 (Linking) VI - 140 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Nov TI - First-stage assessment of AI-based anatomical measurement accuracy for the Cameriere European dental age estimation method. PG - 3951-3959 LID - 10.1007/s00414-026-03950-7 [doi] AB - AIM: This study represents the first methodological stage of a broader AI-assisted Cameriere European dental age estimation workflow. The aim of this first stage was to evaluate the performance of YOLOv8-based deep learning models in automatically detecting the anatomical landmarks and apical structures required for the Cameriere European method. Rather than directly estimating dental age, the proposed system was designed to automate the measurement-related inputs needed for subsequent Cameriere European-based age calculation. METHODS: This retrospective first-stage validation study included 4,050 panoramic radiographs of boys and girls aged 5-13 years. Two YOLOv8-based models were developed to automate the anatomical measurement components of the Cameriere European method: a YOLOv8x-pose model for open-apex landmark detection and tooth-length reference point localization, and a YOLOv8x-seg model for closed-apex segmentation. Owing to model-specific anatomical eligibility criteria, 3,796 images were used for the pose model and 2,971 images for the segmentation model. Image annotations were performed using CranioCatch software according to a standardized annotation protocol. Model outputs were compared with manual reference annotations to evaluate landmark detection, measurement-related localization, and apical segmentation performance. RESULTS: In the YOLOv8x-pose model, mAP_0.5 = 0.963 and mAP_0.5:0.95 = 0.842 were achieved; recall was 0.928 and precision was 0.918. Error metrics were MAE = 0.0032, RMSE = 0.0045, SMAPE = 2.09%, and the coefficient of determination R(2) = 0.9992. CONCLUSION: YOLOv8-based pose and segmentation models demonstrated technical feasibility for automating anatomical measurement extraction required for the Cameriere European dental age estimation method. Because dental age was not calculated in this first-stage analysis, the findings should be interpreted as measurement-level validation rather than complete dental age-estimation accuracy. Further validation is required to integrate AI-derived measurements into the Cameriere European formula and to compare AI-assisted dental age estimates with manual Cameriere-based assessment and chronological age. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Karauguz, Zehra Selin AU - Karauguz ZS AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-6993-2585 AD - Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Necmettin Erbakan University Yaka Mah, Beysehir Avenue, Baglarbasi Street No: 4, 42090, Meram, Konya, Turkiye. zehraselinkarauguz@gmail.com. FAU - Altan, Halenur AU - Altan H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3648-5989 AD - Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Necmettin Erbakan University Yaka Mah, Beysehir Avenue, Baglarbasi Street No: 4, 42090, Meram, Konya, Turkiye. LA - eng GR - 25DU24001/Necmettin Erbakan Universitesi/ PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260808 PL - Germany TA - Int J Legal Med JT - International journal of legal medicine JID - 9101456 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Age Determination by Teeth/methods MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Child, Preschool MH - Radiography, Panoramic MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Male MH - *Anatomic Landmarks/diagnostic imaging MH - *Deep Learning MH - Image Processing, Computer-Assisted MH - Detection Algorithms MH - Tooth Apex/diagnostic imaging/growth & development OTO - NOTNLM OT - Artificial intelligence OT - Cameriere European method OT - Deep learning OT - Dental age estimation OT - YOLOv8 COIS- Declarations. Ethical approval: The study protocol was approved by the Non-Drug and Non-Medical Device Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Dentistry, Necmettin Erbakan University (Decision No: 2025/584; Meeting No: 51; Date: 24/04/2025). Informed consent: The requirement for informed consent was waived due to the retrospective nature of the study and the use of anonymized data. Research involving human participants and/or animals: This retrospective study involved previously collected radiographic data. Conflicts of interest: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. Data availability: The datasets generated and/or analysed during the current study are not publicly available due to institutional and ethical restrictions on patient radiographic data but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. EDAT- 2026/08/08 00:37 MHDA- 2026/10/12 17:30 CRDT- 2026/08/07 23:42 PHST- 2026/02/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/12 17:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/08 00:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/07 23:42 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00414-026-03950-7 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00414-026-03950-7 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Legal Med. 2026 Nov;140(6):3951-3959. doi: 10.1007/s00414-026-03950-7. Epub 2026 Aug 8. PMID- 42567553 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260807 LR - 20260816 IS - 2399-9772 (Electronic) IS - 2399-9772 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Aug 7 TI - Context-specific predictors of mortality and the performance of paediatric sepsis scores in Tanzanian children: a secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study. LID - 10.1136/bmjpo-2026-004856 [doi] LID - e004856 AB - INTRODUCTION: Sepsis is a significant cause of global child mortality, disproportionately affecting resource-limited settings (RLS). Although clinical scores have been proposed in RLS, few have been externally validated. This study aimed to identify risk factors for mortality among Tanzanian children with sepsis and test three paediatric clinical scores in an RLS. METHODS: We conducted a secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study of 755 children (28 days to 14 years) with sepsis in the Emergency Department at Muhimbili National Hospital, Tanzania (July 2022-November 2024). Demographic, clinical and outcome data were collected. We performed multivariable logistic regression to identify independent predictors of in-hospital mortality. We then tested three clinical scores, Lambarene Organ Dysfunction Score (LODS), Blantyre quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (BqSOFA) and Phoenix Sepsis Score (PSS), using sensitivity, specificity and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). RESULTS: In-hospital mortality was 20% (n=148); independent predictors included age, malnutrition, HIV status, referral status and delayed presentation (p<0.001). All three scores demonstrated strong discrimination for mortality (LODS AUC 0.79, 95% CI 0.75 to 0.83; BqSOFA AUC 0.75, 95% CI 0.71 to 0.79; PSS AUC 0.75, 95% CI 0.70 to 0.79) and differences between scores were not statistically significant (p=0.066). LODS showed high sensitivity (93%) and negative predictive value (96%). BqSOFA and PSS demonstrated high specificity (93% and 91%) and positive predictive values (51% and 56%), but low sensitivity (28% and 44%). CONCLUSIONS: Multiple clinical and sociodemographic factors were independently associated with mortality in children with sepsis. LODS demonstrated high sensitivity, while BqSOFA and PSS demonstrated high specificity; the scores' discriminative ability for mortality was not statistically significant. The identification of simple risk factors and moderately performing clinical scores provides a valuable opportunity to develop context-specific risk stratification tools for paediatric sepsis in RLS. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ Group. FAU - Sorensen, Abigail AU - Sorensen A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8444-4968 AD - Pediatrics, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA abigail.sorensen@ucsf.edu. FAU - Mussa, Raya AU - Mussa R AD - Emergency Medicine, Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. FAU - Sunzula, Erasto AU - Sunzula E AD - Emergency Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. FAU - Mlele, Victoria AU - Mlele V AD - Emergency Medicine, Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. FAU - Oltman, Scott AU - Oltman S AD - Epidemiology and Biostatistics, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA. FAU - Msemwa, Cecilia AU - Msemwa C AD - Emergency Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. FAU - Mathias, Lushana AU - Mathias L AD - Emergency Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. FAU - Baez-Maidana, Jazmin AU - Baez-Maidana J AD - Pediatrics, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA. FAU - Sun, Kathleen AU - Sun K AD - Pediatrics, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA. FAU - Mfinanga, Juma AU - Mfinanga J AD - Emergency Medicine, Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. FAU - Chu, Victoria AU - Chu V AD - Pediatrics, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA. FAU - Hooft, Anneka AU - Hooft A AD - Emergency Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA. FAU - Mkopi, Namala AU - Mkopi N AD - Emergency Medicine, Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. FAU - Kissoon, Niranjan AU - Kissoon N AD - Pediatrics, The University of British Columbia Faculty of Medicine, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. FAU - Manyahi, Joel AU - Manyahi J AD - Microbiology and Immunology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. FAU - Sawe, Hendry AU - Sawe H AD - Emergency Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. FAU - Kortz, Teresa AU - Kortz T AD - Pediatrics, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA. LA - eng GR - D43 TW009343/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United States GR - K23 AI144029/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 HD049303/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260807 PL - England TA - BMJ Paediatr Open JT - BMJ paediatrics open JID - 101715309 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Tanzania/epidemiology MH - *Sepsis/mortality/diagnosis MH - Female MH - Male MH - Prospective Studies MH - Child, Preschool MH - Infant MH - *Hospital Mortality MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - Risk Factors MH - Organ Dysfunction Scores MH - Resource-Limited Settings MH - ROC Curve MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Severity of Illness Index MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - Sensitivity and Specificity PMC - PMC13475138 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Child OT - Child Health OT - Developing Countries OT - Low and Middle Income Countries OT - Mortality COIS- Competing interests: None declared. EDAT- 2026/08/08 00:37 MHDA- 2026/08/08 00:38 PMCR- 2026/08/07 CRDT- 2026/08/07 20:43 PHST- 2026/04/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/08 00:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/08 00:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/07 20:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1136/bmjpo-2026-004856 [pii] AID - bmjpo-2026-004856 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjpo-2026-004856 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Paediatr Open. 2026 Aug 7;10(1):e004856. doi: 10.1136/bmjpo-2026-004856. PMID- 42567538 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260807 LR - 20260813 IS - 1745-5065 (Electronic) IS - 1745-5057 (Print) IS - 1745-5057 (Linking) VI - 22 DP - 2026 Jan-Dec TI - A mixed methods analysis of a culturally responsive body image pilot intervention for black adolescent girls: Black girl joy. PG - 17455057261476900 LID - 10.1177/17455057261476900 [doi] LID - 17455057261476900 AB - BackgroundBlack adolescent girls develop body image within intersecting sociocultural contexts shaped by race, gender, and physical activity, yet few interventions are culturally and gender-responsive to their lived experiences.ObjectiveThis study examined the preliminary impact of Black Girl Joy, a culturally responsive body image and wellness pilot intervention, on psychosocial outcomes among Black adolescent girls.Study designExploratory mixed-methods pilot study using a single-group pre-post design.MethodsThe 7-week intervention was delivered to Black middle school girls participating in a district-based enrichment program in Southern California. Participants who completed both pre- and post-assessments (N = 14) were included in the analyses. Outcomes included body image, self-esteem, physical activity enjoyment, self-compassion, and anxiety/depressive symptoms. Prior to analysis, normality of difference scores was evaluated using the Shapiro-Wilk test. Given observed violations of normality and the small sample size, Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were conducted for all pre-post comparisons. Baseline bivariate correlations were also examined. Qualitative data were collected through three semi-structured focus groups and analyzed using inductive thematic analysis.ResultsBaseline correlations revealed a positive association between body image and self-esteem, and a negative association between self-compassion and anxiety/depressive symptoms. Wilcoxon signed-rank tests indicated no statistically significant pre-to-post changes across outcome variables; however, several outcomes showed small-to-medium effect sizes in the expected direction, including body esteem weight (r = .320), PHQ anxiety (r = .348), and self-compassion self-kindness (r = .359). Qualitative findings identified four themes: body image discussions, perceptions of physical activity, connection, and program recommendations. Participants described increased self-love, confidence, and self-kindness; enjoyment of both strength-based and expressive movement; meaningful peer and coach relationships; and a desire for greater autonomy in programming.ConclusionFindings demonstrate the feasibility and acceptability of a culturally responsive pilot intervention for Black adolescent girls. Larger, controlled studies are needed to evaluate efficacy and inform scalable implementation. FAU - Walters, Kellie AU - Walters K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0892-8028 AD - Department of Kinesiology, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, USA. RINGGOLD: 14668 FAU - Johnson, Amber AU - Johnson A AD - Department of Health Science, Director for the Center for Health Equity Research, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, USA. RINGGOLD: 14668 FAU - Pope, Alexis AU - Pope A AD - Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA. RINGGOLD: 1438 LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260807 PL - United States TA - Womens Health (Lond) JT - Women's health (London, England) JID - 101271249 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Body Image/psychology MH - Pilot Projects MH - Adolescent MH - *Self Concept MH - *Black or African American/psychology MH - California MH - Exercise/psychology MH - Body Satisfaction MH - Anxiety/psychology MH - Focus Groups MH - Depression/psychology PMC - PMC13451688 OTO - NOTNLM OT - culturally grounded programming OT - health equity OT - physical activity behavior OT - psychosocial wellbeing OT - self-compassion OT - self-esteem OT - self-perception OT - youth health disparities COIS- Declaration of conflicting interestsThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. EDAT- 2026/08/08 00:37 MHDA- 2026/08/08 00:38 PMCR- 2026/08/07 CRDT- 2026/08/07 20:03 PHST- 2026/08/08 00:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/08 00:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/07 20:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1177_17455057261476900 [pii] AID - 10.1177/17455057261476900 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Womens Health (Lond). 2026 Jan-Dec;22:17455057261476900. doi: 10.1177/17455057261476900. Epub 2026 Aug 7. PMID- 42566616 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260807 LR - 20260813 IS - 1536-5964 (Electronic) IS - 0025-7974 (Print) IS - 0025-7974 (Linking) VI - 105 IP - 32 DP - 2026 Aug 7 TI - Mid-upper arm circumference and diabetes/prediabetes in children and adolescents: A cross-sectional study using NHANES data. PG - e50083 LID - 10.1097/MD.0000000000050083 [doi] LID - e50083 AB - Mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) is a simple anthropometric measure proposed as a marker of adiposity and cardiometabolic risk, but its relationship with diabetes and prediabetes in children and adolescents has not been fully characterized. This study assessed the association between MUAC and glycemic status in a nationally representative pediatric sample. We performed a cross-sectional analysis of pooled data from the 1999 to 2018 NHANES cycles, including 27,543 children and adolescents (age 6-19 years), of whom 2165 were classified as having diabetes or prediabetes by standard laboratory and self-report criteria. MUAC was measured at the midpoint of the right upper arm. Survey-weighted logistic regression models evaluated MUAC as both a continuous and categorical (quartiles) predictor of diabetes/prediabetes, adjusting for age, sex, race, education, poverty‑income ratio, body mass index, elevated blood pressure, and dyslipidemia. Restricted cubic spline analysis examined nonlinearity; subgroup analyses tested robustness. Higher MUAC was independently associated with higher odds of diabetes/prediabetes: per 1‑cm increase odds ratio: 1.04 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01-1.08; P = .020). Versus Q1, adjusted odds ratios were Q2 2.57 (95% CI: 1.81-3.67), Q3 2.40 (95% CI: 1.60-3.61), Q4 2.49 (95% CI: 1.57-3.97) (all P < .001). Restricted cubic spline revealed a significant non‑linear association (P‑nonlinearity <.001) with an inflection near MUAC approximately 25.6 cm, above which odds increased more steeply. Subgroup analyses indicated stronger associations in females and in children <14 years. Associations remained consistent across the analyses. In this large, nationally representative sample of children and adolescents, elevated MUAC was independently associated with higher odds of diabetes and prediabetes, with evidence of a nonlinear dose-response and a threshold near 25.6 cm. Prospective studies are needed to validate cutoffs and explore the potential role of MUAC as a risk marker for dysglycemia. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, LLC. FAU - Zhu, Li AU - Zhu L AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-0595-3038 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Chengde Central Hospital, Chengde, Hebei, China. FAU - Li, He AU - Li H FAU - Li, Tao AU - Li T LA - eng GR - 202406A008/S&T Program of Chengde/ PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Medicine (Baltimore) JT - Medicine JID - 2985248R SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Prediabetic State/epidemiology/diagnosis MH - Child MH - *Arm/anatomy & histology MH - Male MH - Nutrition Surveys MH - *Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology/diagnosis MH - Young Adult MH - Adiposity MH - Anthropometry/methods MH - Body Mass Index MH - United States/epidemiology PMC - PMC13456841 OTO - NOTNLM OT - children and adolescents OT - cross-sectional analysis OT - diabetes/prediabetes OT - mid‑upper arm circumference COIS- The authors have no funding and conflicts of interest to disclose. EDAT- 2026/08/07 18:36 MHDA- 2026/08/07 18:37 PMCR- 2026/08/07 CRDT- 2026/08/07 14:13 PHST- 2025/12/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/07 18:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/07 18:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/07 14:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 00005792-202608070-00062 [pii] AID - MD-D-25-18375 [pii] AID - 10.1097/MD.0000000000050083 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Medicine (Baltimore). 2026 Aug 7;105(32):e50083. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000050083. PMID- 42565127 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260807 LR - 20260813 IS - 0971-9261 (Print) IS - 1998-3891 (Electronic) IS - 0971-9261 (Linking) VI - 31 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Jul-Aug TI - Single-incision Scrotal Orchidopexy in Children: A Clinical Series. PG - 638-642 LID - 10.4103/jiaps.jiaps_21_26 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility, success rate, and outcomes of single-incision scrotal orchiopexy (SISO) for palpable undescended testes using a novel "touch sign" for patient selection. No comparison groups were included. METHODS: A retrospective review of 162 patients (aged 7 months-14 years) treated between 2019 and 2024 was performed. Palpable cases underwent preoperative "touch sign" assessment (balloting the testis from the inguinal canal to the scrotum), followed by transverse scrotal incision, tunica vaginalis mobilization, and dartos pouch placement. RESULTS: Of the 162 patients assessed, 116 underwent SISO (112 successful; 4 conversions due to obesity or tunica vaginalis issues). Follow-up (1 month-5 years) showed no testicular atrophy, and one patient developed a clinical inguinal hernia after more than 3 years of SISO. SISO offers superior cosmesis and shorter operative time/hospital stay than the traditional method. CONCLUSION: SISO is a safe and effective procedure for low-lying palpable testes, with the "touch sign" improving patient selection and minimizing conversions. The first author has described this novel maneuver- the "touch sign" during the clinical examination. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Journal of Indian Association of Pediatric Surgeons. FAU - Miglani, Harparkash Singh AU - Miglani HS AD - Child Surgery Centre, Miglani Hospital, Amritsar, Punjab, India. FAU - Sethi, Bijaya Kumar AU - Sethi BK AD - Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bilaspur, Himachal Pradesh, India. FAU - Hanspal, Era AU - Hanspal E AD - Resident Doctor Foundation Year 2, Department of General Practice NHS Grampian, Elgin, United Kingdom. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260702 PL - India TA - J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg JT - Journal of Indian Association of Pediatric Surgeons JID - 101179870 PMC - PMC13446958 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Orchiopexy OT - palpable undescended testes OT - single-incision scrotal orchiopexy OT - testicular mobilization OT - touch sign COIS- There are no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/07 12:39 MHDA- 2026/08/07 12:40 PMCR- 2026/07/01 CRDT- 2026/08/07 06:27 PHST- 2026/01/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/07 12:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/07 12:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/07 06:27 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JIAPS-31-638 [pii] AID - 10.4103/jiaps.jiaps_21_26 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg. 2026 Jul-Aug;31(4):638-642. doi: 10.4103/jiaps.jiaps_21_26. Epub 2026 Jul 2. PMID- 42564828 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260807 LR - 20260813 IS - 2574-2531 (Electronic) IS - 2574-2531 (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Identification of obesity risk factors in 3-12-year-old children and adolescents with prior respiratory tract infections via interpretable machine and deep learning models. PG - ooag061 LID - 10.1093/jamiaopen/ooag061 [doi] LID - ooag061 AB - BACKGROUNDS AND OBJECTIVES: Childhood obesity and respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are 2 major global public health issues that frequently co-occur and are closely interrelated. Early detection of children with prior RTIs who are at high obesity risk is crucial for targeted interventions. This study integrates interpretable machine learning (ML) models and a deep learning network to develop an obesity risk prediction model in a large pediatric cohort. METHODS: Cross-sectional data from 6509 children and adolescents aged 3-12 years with prior RTIs in Beijing and Tangshan were fed to 12 ML models to predict childhood obesity (versus children with normal weight). Bayesian optimization was applied to fine-tune model hyperparameters. Prediction performance was assessed using 8 metrics. Key predictive features were identified by SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP). The validity of the optimal ML model was verified by the sequential neural network model. RESULTS: Of 12 ML models, LightGBM achieved the optimal performance (accuracy: 0.8844, area under the curve [AUC]: 0.9491). SHAP analysis identified 20 key predictors, including child age, paternal body mass index (BMI), maternal BMI, birth length, birthweight, gestational age, eating speed, complementary feeding initiation age, screen time, breastfeeding duration, bedtime, maternal age, nighttime sleep, outdoor activity, dental caries, sedentary time, food allergies, family history of diabetes, and sex. The deep learning sequence network model further validated the predictive value of these features (accuracy: 0.8023, AUC: 0.8117), and the SHAP-driven feature importance rankings were in close line with LightGBM. CONCLUSIONS: Our LightGBM-based model enables effective prediction of obesity risk in children aged 3-12 years with prior RTIs, and the key features identified can inform early screening and facilitate personalized interventions. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Medical Informatics Association. FAU - Wang, Xiao-Qian AU - Wang XQ AD - Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100020, China. FAU - Zheng, Fang-Jie-Yi AU - Zheng FJ AD - Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China. FAU - Wang, Qiong AU - Wang Q AD - Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China. AD - Department of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China. FAU - Li, Che AU - Li C AD - Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China. FAU - Zhang, Wen-Qian AU - Zhang WQ AD - Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China. FAU - Zhang, Zhi-Xin AU - Zhang ZX AD - Department of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China. AD - Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China. FAU - Niu, Wen-Quan AU - Niu WQ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1715-3372 AD - Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China. LA - eng SI - Dryad/10.5061/dryad.gf1vhhn44 PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260806 PL - United States TA - JAMIA Open JT - JAMIA open JID - 101730643 PMC - PMC13445979 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Childhood obesity OT - SHapley Additive exPlanations OT - deep learning OT - machine learning OT - respiratory tract infection COIS- The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this article. EDAT- 2026/08/07 12:39 MHDA- 2026/08/07 12:40 PMCR- 2026/08/06 CRDT- 2026/08/07 06:08 PHST- 2026/01/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/07 12:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/07 12:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/07 06:08 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ooag061 [pii] AID - 10.1093/jamiaopen/ooag061 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JAMIA Open. 2026 Aug 6;9(4):ooag061. doi: 10.1093/jamiaopen/ooag061. eCollection 2026 Aug. PMID- 42564584 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260807 LR - 20260813 IS - 1729-0503 (Electronic) IS - 1680-6905 (Print) IS - 1680-6905 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Diagnostic relevance of osteocalcin and bone alkaline phosphatase as markers of bone turnover in Sickle Cell Anaemia: A Zaria study. PG - 59-68 LID - 10.4314/ahs.v26i2.8 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Sickle cell anaemia (SCA) significantly contributes to skeletal morbidity in Nigeria, with bone complications like pain crises and avascular necrosis prevalent. Osteocalcin (OC) and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP) are potential markers of bone formation, yet their diagnostic utility in SCA is underexplored in African populations. OBJECTIVE: To assess serum OC and BALP levels in Nigerian SCA patients during bone pain crises (BPC), steady state, and in healthy controls, evaluating their diagnostic relevance for bone turnover. METHODS: This cross-sectional study at Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, enrolled 180 adults (60 SCA in BPC, 60 steady state, 60 HbAA controls). Serum OC and BALP were measured via ELISA. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis tests, Spearman's correlation, and ROC curves (p90%) and the lack of effective GF-food specific health policies ( approximately 94%) were the most commonly cited barriers to GF-FS, particularly in GF-FI households. Social media (>60%) was used to share information related to tax credits (15%) affordability, accessibility, and availability of GF-foods (75%). Parents deemed child tax credits ( approximately 75%), development of food policies focused on education in schools ( approximately 34%), dietary prescriptions (25%) and official recognition of CD as a disability ( approximately 26%) as important to address GF-FI. In conclusion, parents perceive high GF-food costs and lack of effective GF-food health policies as important mediators of GF-FI. Social media platforms were widely used by the community to share information and solutions to address GF-FI. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. FAU - Mager, Diana R AU - Mager DR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5558-8783 AD - Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural, Food & Environmental Science, University of Alberta, Canada. ROR: https://ror.org/0160cpw27 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Canada. FAU - Anders, Sven AU - Anders S AD - Department of Resource Economics & Environmental Sociology, Faculty of Agricultural, Life and Environmental Science, University of Alberta, Canada. FAU - Bruce, Marcia AU - Bruce M AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada. FAU - Turner, Justine M AU - Turner JM AD - Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural, Food & Environmental Science, University of Alberta, Canada. ROR: https://ror.org/0160cpw27 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260730 PL - England TA - J Nutr Sci JT - Journal of nutritional science JID - 101590587 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Celiac Disease/diet therapy MH - *Diet, Gluten-Free/economics MH - *Food Insecurity MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Child MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Parents/psychology MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Adult MH - Child, Preschool MH - Family Characteristics MH - Adolescent MH - Health Policy MH - *Food Supply PMC - PMC13439013 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Caregiver perspectives OT - Food insecurity OT - Gluten-free diet OT - Policy OT - social media COIS- The authors declare none. EDAT- 2026/08/06 12:37 MHDA- 2026/08/06 12:38 PMCR- 2026/07/30 CRDT- 2026/08/06 06:48 PHST- 2025/08/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/06 12:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/06 12:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/06 06:48 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2048679026101311 [pii] AID - 10.1017/jns.2026.10131 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Nutr Sci. 2026 Jul 30;15:e69. doi: 10.1017/jns.2026.10131. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42558339 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260806 LR - 20260813 IS - 2624-9367 (Electronic) IS - 2624-9367 (Linking) VI - 8 DP - 2026 TI - Global trends and emerging themes in youth physical literacy research: a bibliometric analysis (2000-2025). PG - 1859748 LID - 10.3389/fspor.2026.1859748 [doi] LID - 1859748 AB - BACKGROUND: Physical literacy (PL) has emerged as an important framework for understanding children's and adolescents' motivation, confidence, physical competence, knowledge, and engagement in lifelong physical activity. Although youth physical literacy research has expanded rapidly, limited bibliometric evidence has systematically mapped its global development, intellectual structure, and emerging thematic trends. This study aimed to examine the evolution of youth physical literacy research from 2000 to 2025 and identify major research themes, collaboration patterns, and emerging directions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A bibliometric analysis was conducted using records retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection and Scopus databases within a multi-database validation framework. After data cleaning, deduplication, and exclusion of records outside the study period, 856 publications published between 2000 and 2025 were included. Bibliometrix, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace were used to examine publication trends, collaboration networks, influential contributors, keyword co-occurrence patterns, thematic clusters, timeline evolution, and burst keywords. RESULTS: Youth physical literacy research showed a sustained increase in publications, particularly after 2015. Canada, Australia, China, the United States, and the United Kingdom were among the most productive countries. Keyword and cluster analyses identified major themes related to physical education, motor competence, physical activity, physical competence, assessment and validation, fitness, health literacy, and public health. Timeline and burst analyses further suggested increasing attention to psychological, educational, and well-being-related themes within the youth physical literacy literature. Cross-database comparison showed consistent patterns in publication trends, leading contributors, and core thematic structures, supporting the robustness of the identified research patterns. CONCLUSION: This study provides a systematic and validated mapping of the global research landscape of youth physical literacy from 2000 to 2025. The findings suggest that youth physical literacy research has expanded from physical education, motor competence, and assessment-oriented topics toward broader educational, psychosocial, and health-related themes. These results offer a knowledge map for researchers, educators, and policymakers interested in advancing youth physical literacy in educational contexts and supporting holistic student development. CI - (c) 2026 Zishan and Mohd Hashim. FAU - Zishan, Zhao AU - Zishan Z AD - Faculty of Educational Sciences and Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia. FAU - Mohd Hashim, Asha Hasnimy AU - Mohd Hashim AH AD - Faculty of Educational Sciences and Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260722 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Sports Act Living JT - Frontiers in sports and active living JID - 101765780 PMC - PMC13437538 OTO - NOTNLM OT - bibliometric analysis OT - motor competence OT - physical activity OT - physical education OT - physical literacy OT - science mapping OT - youth COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/06 11:36 MHDA- 2026/08/06 11:37 PMCR- 2026/07/22 CRDT- 2026/08/06 05:39 PHST- 2026/04/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/06 11:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/06 11:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/06 05:39 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fspor.2026.1859748 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Sports Act Living. 2026 Jul 22;8:1859748. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2026.1859748. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42557588 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260806 LR - 20260813 IS - 1750-1172 (Electronic) IS - 1750-1172 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Aug 6 TI - Assessment of cardiometabolic risk using single point insulin sensitivity estimator (SPISE) in pediatric Bardet-Biedl Syndrome: a pilot study. LID - 10.1186/s13023-026-04353-y [doi] LID - 266 AB - BACKGROUND: Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) carries early cardiometabolic risk, yet pediatric screening is complicated by growth and puberty. The metabolic syndrome (MetS) z-score provides a continuous benchmark for clustered risk. The single-point insulin sensitivity estimator (SPISE), based on body mass index (BMI) and fasting lipids, may offer a practical alternative where insulin testing is impractical. We aimed to assess the association between SPISE and cardiometabolic burden in children with molecularly confirmed BBS, and to compare its ability to identify MetS against the MetS z-score benchmark and insulin-derived indices. METHODS: Single-center retrospective pilot study including children/adolescents with genetically confirmed BBS who underwent standardized anthropometry and metabolic profiling (fasting lipids, glucose, insulin; OGTT when available). SPISE-MetS z-score associations were examined using Spearman and adjusted analyses. In adolescents (>/= 10 years), MetS discrimination was evaluated with ROC curves for SPISE, TG/HDL, and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), with pairwise DeLong comparisons and Youden-optimal thresholds. RESULTS: Fourteen participants (7 females, 7 males) were evaluated. Median age at last visit was 11.7 years [IQR 7.6-15.5]; BMI SDS was 3.05 [2.47-3.57]. The median MetS z-score was 1.60 [0.90-1.75]. SPISE correlated inversely with the MetS z-score (rho=-0.57, p = 0.021), and adjusted models (age, sex, BMI-SDS) retained significance. Among adolescents (n = 10), SPISE showed the highest AUC for MetS (AUC 0.95; 95% CI 0.82-1.00) versus TG/HDL (AUC 0.81) and HOMA-IR (AUC 0.60); pairwise differences were not statistically significant. Youden-optimal SPISE 0.05). Stroke index and swimming speed (real and synthetic) showed moderate to very strong associations with 1500 m time in both male (r = -0.53 to -0.76) and female swimmers (r = -0.54 to -0.97). In the male model, performance is primarily driven by variables related to stroke efficiency, maximal oxygen uptake, and high-intensity physiological strain. The female model places greater emphasis on pacing-related variables, including mean swimming speed during endurance and [La(-)] tolerance tests, anaerobic threshold velocity, and metabolic stress indicators. Symbolic regression applied to synthetic datasets is suitable to address the small sample size limitations often present in human research, particularly swimming. Coaches and researchers are encouraged to use symbolic regression and synthetic data and to report the resulting equations to support mechanistic interpretation of 1500 m performance prediction equations for male and female swimmers. FAU - Chainok, Phornpot AU - Chainok P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2605-4181 AD - Faculty of Sport Science, Burapha University, Thailand. FAU - Matjiur, Radomyos AU - Matjiur R AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-9835-6192 AD - Faculty of Sport Science, Burapha University, Thailand. FAU - de Jesus, Karla AU - de Jesus K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7710-9843 AD - Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Federal University of Amazonas, Brazil. FAU - Dos Santos Coelho, Leandro AU - Dos Santos Coelho L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5728-943X AD - Department of Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Parana, Parana, Brazil. FAU - Cocco Mariani, Viviana AU - Cocco Mariani V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2490-4568 AD - Department of Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Parana, Parana, Brazil. AD - Mechanical Engineering Graduate Program, Federal University of Parana, Parana, Brazil. FAU - Zacca, Rodrigo AU - Zacca R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0494-0000 AD - Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto (FADEUP), Porto, Portugal. AD - Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal. AD - Nucleus of Research in Human Motricity Sciences, Universidad Adventista de Chile, Chillan, Chile. AD - Laboratory of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. FAU - Fernandes, Ricardo J AU - Fernandes RJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5811-0443 AD - Centre for Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport (FADEUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. AD - Porto Biomechanics Laboratory (LABIOMEP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. FAU - Vilas-Boas, Joao Paulo AU - Vilas-Boas JP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4109-2939 AD - Centre for Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport (FADEUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. AD - Porto Biomechanics Laboratory (LABIOMEP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260805 PL - England TA - J Sports Sci JT - Journal of sports sciences JID - 8405364 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Swimming/physiology MH - Female MH - *Athletic Performance/physiology MH - Male MH - Biomechanical Phenomena MH - Oxygen Consumption/physiology MH - Adolescent MH - Body Composition MH - Regression Analysis MH - Physical Endurance/physiology MH - Anaerobic Threshold/physiology MH - Anthropometry MH - Stress, Physiological OTO - NOTNLM OT - Biomechanics OT - Exercise physiology OT - Interpretable machine learning OT - Long-Distance Events OT - Sports analytics OT - Swimming OT - Symbolic learning OT - interpretability OT - modelling EDAT- 2026/08/05 13:37 MHDA- 2026/08/28 11:49 CRDT- 2026/08/05 08:13 PHST- 2026/08/28 11:49 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/05 13:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/05 08:13 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/02640414.2026.2710467 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Sports Sci. 2026 Aug;44(16):2065-2082. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2026.2710467. Epub 2026 Aug 5. PMID- 42554309 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261015 LR - 20261015 IS - 1440-1754 (Electronic) IS - 1034-4810 (Linking) VI - 62 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct TI - The Performance of the STRONGkids Nutrition Screening Tool Following Nurse Training in a Tertiary Care Setting. PG - 1894-1900 LID - 10.1111/jpc.70515 [doi] AB - AIM: The low sensitivity of STRONGkids, a nutrition risk screening tool, was observed during its implementation in patient care services at a tertiary care hospital. The screening process improvement was performed to enhance its effectiveness. This study aimed to evaluate the validity and inter-rater reliability of the screening tool after the improvement process. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study that collected baseline characteristics and clinical data from medical records. STRONGkids score and risk classification were recorded by ward nurses. Concurrent validity was assessed with respect to nutritional status, including undernutrition (BMI Z-score < -2), stunting (height-for-age Z-score < -2), and overall malnutrition (including both undernutrition and stunting). Nutrition risk screening was repeated by a nutrition nurse to determine inter-rater reliability. RESULTS: The study enrolled 1419 paediatric admissions. Undernutrition, stunting, and overall malnutrition were observed in 13%, 17%, and 27.6% of participants, respectively. STRONGkids classified 24%, 71.1%, and 4.9% of patients as having low, moderate, and high nutrition risk, respectively. Patients with high nutrition risk had significantly longer hospital stays and higher rates of hospital-acquired infections. STRONGkids demonstrated sensitivities of 82.4%-82.6% and specificities of 25%-26.5% for nutrition status. Inter-rater reliability was assessed across 320 admissions and showed excellent reliability for both the total score (k = 0.84; p < 0.001) and risk categories (k = 0.89; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The performance of the nutrition risk screening tool may differ from that observed in research settings when used in routine clinical practice. STRONGkids demonstrates satisfactory validity and inter-rater reliability after the improvement process. CI - (c) 2026 Paediatrics and Child Health Division (The Royal Australasian College of Physicians). FAU - Ngamboriruk, Punthita AU - Ngamboriruk P AD - Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. FAU - Dumrongwongsiri, Oraporn AU - Dumrongwongsiri O AD - Division of Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. FAU - Phoonlapdacha, Phanphen AU - Phoonlapdacha P AD - Division of Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260805 PL - Australia TA - J Paediatr Child Health JT - Journal of paediatrics and child health JID - 9005421 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Nutrition Assessment MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Female MH - Tertiary Care Centers MH - *Mass Screening/methods MH - Male MH - *Malnutrition/diagnosis MH - Child, Preschool MH - Nutritional Status MH - Infant MH - Sensitivity and Specificity MH - *Child Nutrition Disorders/diagnosis OTO - NOTNLM OT - STRONGkids OT - hospitalised children OT - malnutrition OT - nutritional screening EDAT- 2026/08/05 13:37 MHDA- 2026/10/15 23:30 CRDT- 2026/08/05 07:53 PHST- 2026/06/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/15 23:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/05 13:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/05 07:53 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/jpc.70515 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Paediatr Child Health. 2026 Oct;62(10):1894-1900. doi: 10.1111/jpc.70515. Epub 2026 Aug 5. PMID- 42553270 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260805 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-2360 (Print) IS - 2296-2360 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2360 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Integrating telemedicine into nutritional management of infants with inherited metabolic disorders: a pilot study. PG - 1869508 LID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1869508 [doi] LID - 1869508 AB - BACKGROUND: Several inherited metabolic disorders (IMDs) require intensive and continuous nutritional management, particularly during the first year of life. Telemedicine (TM) may support care delivery in this setting, but evidence in infants remains limited. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this pilot study was to assess the feasibility and acceptability of integrating TM into routine nutritional management of infants with IMDs identified through newborn screening. METHODS: Caregivers of infants with IMDs requiring nutritional management were asked to choose between telemedicine-integrated follow-up (TM group) or exclusively in-person care (NO-TM group). Anthropometric parameters and clinical signs of malnutrition were assessed at birth, 6, and 12 months of life. All measured disease-specific biomarkers were collected. Caregivers assigned to the TM group completed structured questionnaires evaluating TM satisfaction and patients' quality of life. RESULTS: Nine infants with confirmed IMDs were enrolled and followed for 12 months. Seven patients (78%) were managed with TM integration. Growth trajectories and metabolic outcomes remained within expected clinical targets in both groups, and no clinical signs of malnutrition were observed in any patient. Disease-specific biomarkers in patients with phenylketonuria and citrullinemia type I remained within target ranges in both groups, with more stable phenylalanine levels observed in patients in the TM group. Caregivers reported high satisfaction with TM (median score: 94.5% of the maximum possible score). Quality of life scores were high in all patients. CONCLUSIONS: In this small pilot cohort, partial integration of TM into nutritional management of infants with IMDs appeared feasible, was well accepted by caregivers, and was not affected by evident adverse effects on growth or metabolic control during the first year of life. Larger studies are needed to confirm these observations and support wider implementation. CI - (c) 2026 Tagi, Montanari, Tosi, Stucchi, Cartalemi, Gandini, Eletti, Perico, Borsani, Fiori, Calcaterra and Zuccotti. FAU - Tagi, Veronica Maria AU - Tagi VM AD - Metabolic Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy. AD - Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Montanari, Chiara AU - Montanari C AD - Metabolic Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy. AD - Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Tosi, Martina AU - Tosi M AD - Metabolic Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy. AD - Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Stucchi, Eliana AU - Stucchi E AD - Pediatric Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy. FAU - Cartalemi, Aurora Maria Esmeralda AU - Cartalemi AME AD - Pediatric Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy. FAU - Gandini, Letizia AU - Gandini L AD - Pediatric Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy. FAU - Eletti, Francesca AU - Eletti F AD - Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. AD - Pediatric Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy. FAU - Perico, Veronica AU - Perico V AD - Metabolic Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy. AD - Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Borsani, Barbara AU - Borsani B AD - Pediatric Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy. FAU - Fiori, Laura AU - Fiori L AD - Metabolic Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy. FAU - Calcaterra, Valeria AU - Calcaterra V AD - Pediatric Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy. AD - Pediatric and Adolescent Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. FAU - Zuccotti, Gianvincenzo AU - Zuccotti G AD - Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. AD - Pediatric Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260721 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Pediatr JT - Frontiers in pediatrics JID - 101615492 PMC - PMC13433604 OTO - NOTNLM OT - citrullinemia type I OT - growth OT - infants OT - inherited metabolic disorders (IMD) OT - nutritional management OT - phenylketonuria (PKU) OT - quality of life OT - telemedicine COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/05 06:41 MHDA- 2026/08/05 06:42 PMCR- 2026/07/21 CRDT- 2026/08/05 05:03 PHST- 2026/04/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/05 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/05 06:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/05 05:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1869508 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Pediatr. 2026 Jul 21;14:1869508. doi: 10.3389/fped.2026.1869508. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42553102 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260805 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-861X (Print) IS - 2296-861X (Electronic) IS - 2296-861X (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2026 TI - Associations between early childhood appetitive traits and dietary diversity in school-age children: a two-year longitudinal follow-up study. PG - 1824771 LID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1824771 [doi] LID - 1824771 AB - BACKGROUND: Dietary diversity reflects diet quality and is critical for children's growth and long-term health. Appetitive traits affect dietary habits and long-term food choices. However, few studies have explored the associations between early childhood appetitive traits and dietary diversity in school-age children using standardized and validated tools. METHODS: We recruited 208 kindergarten children aged 5-6 years, with 194 completing the two-year longitudinal follow-up. Appetitive traits were evaluated at age 5-6 using the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ). Dietary diversity was assessed 2 years later via the Dietary Diversity Score (DDS). Binary logistic regressions were carried out to assess the associations between early childhood appetitive traits and dietary diversity. Inverse probability weighting (IPW) was conducted in complete cases to test the robustness of the main results. RESULTS: Higher food fussiness at 5-6 years was significantly associated with a lower likelihood of high DDS 2 years later (OR = 0.521, 95% CI: 0.327-0.830). No significant sex interactions were observed for these associations. CONCLUSION: Food fussiness at 5-6 years was associated with dietary diversity in school-age children. These findings underscore the relevance of early appetitive traits to dietary diversity and provide evidence-based insights for promoting children's nutrition. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Mu, Bu, Xu, Yuan, Dai, Lv, Liu, Tang, Zhang and Jin. FAU - Mu, Yuhong AU - Mu Y AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yangzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China. FAU - Bu, Duhan AU - Bu D AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yangzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China. FAU - Xu, Xiaowen AU - Xu X AD - Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China. FAU - Yuan, Jing AU - Yuan J AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yangzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China. FAU - Dai, Xinxin AU - Dai X AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yangzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China. FAU - Lv, Weiqing AU - Lv W AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yangzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China. FAU - Liu, Yan AU - Liu Y AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yangzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China. FAU - Tang, Jiachen AU - Tang J AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yangzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China. FAU - Zhang, Libing AU - Zhang L AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yangzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China. FAU - Jin, Yu AU - Jin Y AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yangzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260721 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Nutr JT - Frontiers in nutrition JID - 101642264 PMC - PMC13433194 OTO - NOTNLM OT - appetitive traits OT - child eating behavior questionnaire OT - children OT - dietary diversity OT - dietary diversity score COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/05 06:42 MHDA- 2026/08/05 06:43 PMCR- 2026/07/21 CRDT- 2026/08/05 04:42 PHST- 2026/03/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/05 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/05 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/05 04:42 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1824771 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Nutr. 2026 Jul 21;13:1824771. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1824771. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42552914 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260805 LR - 20260813 IS - 2287-3732 (Print) IS - 2287-3740 (Electronic) IS - 2287-3732 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Discrepancies between preschoolers' self-perceived healthy eating practices and parental assessments: a cross-sectional study in South Korea. PG - 184-190 LID - 10.7762/cnr.2026.0009 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Although healthy dietary habits established in early childhood are critical for lifelong health, most previous studies have relied predominantly on parental proxy reports rather than children's self-perceptions. This study compared preschoolers' self-perceived healthy dietary practices with their parents' evaluations and examined discrepancies between them. METHODS: This study included 243 preschoolers aged 2 to 7 years and their parents, recruited from daycare centers in Cheonan, South Korea. Data were collected using the validated, structured, self-administered Healthy Eating Practice Questionnaire, which assessed nutrition and hygiene. Mean Healthy Eating Practice Scores were compared between preschoolers and their parents using paired t-tests, and stratified analyses were conducted by sex and age. RESULTS: Preschoolers rated their healthy dietary practices significantly higher than their parents did (P<0.001). The discrepancy was greater for nutrition than for hygiene, with hygiene ratings more consistent. This domain-specific pattern was consistent across sexes and age groups. When stratified by sex and age, preschooler-parent Healthy Eating Practice Score differences were significantly higher in boys than in girls (25.0+/-21.0 vs. 20.0+/-14.9, respectively; P=0.035). CONCLUSION: Discrepancies between preschoolers' self-perceptions and their parents' evaluations suggest that incorporating both perspectives is essential for accurately assessing children's dietary practices. These findings support the development of dual-perspective dietary assessment and education strategies in early childhood. FAU - An, Jiwon AU - An J AD - Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea. FAU - Lee, Seulgi AU - Lee S AD - Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea. FAU - Kim, Kirang AU - Kim K AD - Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260731 PL - Korea (South) TA - Clin Nutr Res JT - Clinical nutrition research JID - 101592483 PMC - PMC13447742 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Eating behavior OT - Parents OT - Perception OT - Preschool COIS- Conflict of Interest None. EDAT- 2026/08/05 06:42 MHDA- 2026/08/05 06:43 PMCR- 2026/07/31 CRDT- 2026/08/05 03:35 PHST- 2026/03/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/05 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/05 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/05 03:35 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - cnr.2026.0009 [pii] AID - cnr-2026-0009 [pii] AID - 10.7762/cnr.2026.0009 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Clin Nutr Res. 2026 Jul;15(3):184-190. doi: 10.7762/cnr.2026.0009. Epub 2026 Jul 31. PMID- 42552546 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260805 LR - 20260927 IS - 2050-7283 (Electronic) IS - 2050-7283 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Aug 4 TI - tVNS and obesity-related inflammation: a prospective sham-controlled randomized crossover study protocol. LID - 10.1186/s40359-026-05219-5 [doi] LID - 1133 AB - BACKGROUND: Overweight and obesity are characterized by detrimental effects on energy metabolism and an increase in adipose tissue, leading to chronic low-grade inflammation. This metaflammation may contribute to mental symptoms, such as reduced mood and motivation. Inflammatory processes are modulated by the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAIP) that can be targeted with vagus nerve stimulation (VNS). However, the effects of non-invasive transcutaneous VNS (tVNS) on inflammation have predominantly been investigated in small feasibility studies in humans. Whereas acute anti-inflammatory effects of tVNS have been reported, no study has investigated the effect of daily home-based application on obesity-related metaflammation to date. METHODS: To assess tVNS-induced effects on inflammation, motivation, and mood, we are conducting a single-blind, randomized crossover study in participants with an elevated BMI (target N = 60, 27-35 kg/m(2), 18-40 y). Participants will self-administer high- (active) and low-intensity (sham) stimulation daily (>/= 30 min) for ~ 14 days each (>/= 7 d washout). We will assess peripheral (cytokine levels, circulating immune cells) and central (diffusion weighted imaging) inflammation, motivation (using an effort allocation task during functional MRI), and mood at baseline and after each stimulation phase. During each stimulation phase, participants will complete daily ecological momentary assessments of mood and food choices. We will use mixed-effects models to evaluate differences in slopes of high- vs. low-intensity tVNS. DISCUSSION: This study uses a 14-day home-based tVNS protocol (>/= 30 min daily) accompanied by daily ecologocial momentary assessments to investigate mid-term effects on chronic low-grade inflammation, mood, and motivation. The multimodal study design including a comprehensive panel of peripheral and central inflammatory markers enables the integration of inflammatory and behavioral outcomes and will provide important evidence regarding the efficacy of tVNS in chronic inflammation, based on a study with sufficient statistical power. In addition, the study could provide pathophysiological insights into the link between obesity and symptoms of depression via inflammatory processes. Ultimately, the study will facilitate future research on vagus nerve stimulation to complement the current set of therapies in overweight and obesity. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study has been preregistered at ClinicalTrials.gov ( https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06954844 ) on March 21, 2025, Version 1. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Kaluza, Luisa AU - Kaluza L AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-1450-0163 AD - Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Section of Medical Psychology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Venusberg Campus 1, Bonn, 53127, Germany. AD - Department of Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases, Centre for Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. FAU - Kuhnel, Anne AU - Kuhnel A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3066-3801 AD - Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Section of Medical Psychology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Venusberg Campus 1, Bonn, 53127, Germany. AD - German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Tubingen, Tubingen, Germany. FAU - Picon-Galindo, Ernesto AU - Picon-Galindo E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7174-6561 AD - Institute of Innate Immunity, Biophysical Imaging, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. FAU - Hergenrother, Mona AU - Hergenrother M AD - Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Section of Medical Psychology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Venusberg Campus 1, Bonn, 53127, Germany. FAU - Alkhateeb, Hesham AU - Alkhateeb H AD - Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Section of Medical Psychology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Venusberg Campus 1, Bonn, 53127, Germany. FAU - Michalski, Simon AU - Michalski S AD - Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Section of Medical Psychology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Venusberg Campus 1, Bonn, 53127, Germany. FAU - Ribeiro, Dalila Juliana Silva AU - Ribeiro DJS AD - Institute of Innate Immunity, Biophysical Imaging, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. FAU - Schmidt, Susanne V AU - Schmidt SV AD - Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, 53127, Germany. FAU - Wachten, Dagmar AU - Wachten D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4800-6332 AD - Institute of Innate Immunity, Biophysical Imaging, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. FAU - Kroemer, Nils B AU - Kroemer NB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9552-3781 AD - Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Section of Medical Psychology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Venusberg Campus 1, Bonn, 53127, Germany. nkroemer@uni-bonn.de. AD - Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tubingen Center for Mental Health, University of Tubingen, Tubingen, Germany. nkroemer@uni-bonn.de. AD - German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Tubingen, Tubingen, Germany. nkroemer@uni-bonn.de. AD - German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany. nkroemer@uni-bonn.de. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT06954844 PT - Clinical Trial Protocol PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260804 PL - England TA - BMC Psychol JT - BMC psychology JID - 101627676 RN - 0 (Cytokines) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - Affect MH - Cross-Over Studies MH - Cytokines/blood MH - *Inflammation/therapy/etiology MH - Motivation MH - *Obesity/complications/therapy MH - Prospective Studies MH - Single-Blind Method MH - *Vagus Nerve Stimulation/methods MH - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic PMC - PMC13435442 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Effort OT - Metaflammation OT - Motivation OT - Overweight OT - Vagus nerve stimulation COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was approved by the ethics committee of the Medical Faculty at the University of Bonn (327/23-EP) prior to participant recruitment. All procedures are conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Prior to participation, all individuals provide written informed consent after being given sufficient time for consideration and the opportunity to ask questions to the study team. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/08/05 06:42 MHDA- 2026/08/05 06:43 PMCR- 2026/08/04 CRDT- 2026/08/05 00:28 PHST- 2026/07/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/05 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/05 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/05 00:28 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s40359-026-05219-5 [pii] AID - 5219 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s40359-026-05219-5 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Psychol. 2026 Aug 4;14(1):1133. doi: 10.1186/s40359-026-05219-5. PMID- 42552509 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260805 IS - 1179-2035 (Electronic) IS - 0112-1642 (Linking) DP - 2026 Aug 4 TI - Diagnostic and Prognostic Accuracy of Cardiorespiratory Fitness for Detecting Cardiovascular Risk and Mitochondrial Disorders: An Overview of Systematic Reviews with Meta-Analyses. LID - 10.1007/s40279-026-02503-7 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is a powerful predictor of current and future health across all age groups. Recognising CRF's ability to screen health-related outcomes is essential for supporting its use in clinical practice. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to evaluate the health-related diagnostic and prognostic accuracy of CRF using an overview of systematic reviews. METHODS: Five bibliographic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL and SPORTDiscus) were searched from January 2002 to April 2025 to identify systematic reviews with meta-analyses that reported on the health-related diagnostic and prognostic accuracy of CRF. The results were presented using forest plots, with the certainty of evidence assessed by a modified Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) approach. RESULTS: Of the 10,796 papers identified, six systematic reviews with meta-analyses (n = 31,171 observations) were included. Of these, five examined cardiovascular disease, events, or risk, and one examined mitochondrial disorders. CRF was measured objectively or estimated by exercise as maximum or peak oxygen consumption, ventilatory efficiency or fluctuation, or exercise performance or tolerance. All included reviews were graded as having low to critically low quality. CRF demonstrated high prognostic accuracy for predicting severe cardiovascular events in adults with heart failure, with moderate certainty (diagnostic odds ratio [dOR] 4.1-8.1; area under the curve of a summary receiver operating characteristic curve [SROC AUC] 0.73-0.77), and moderate-to-high diagnostic accuracy for detecting coronary artery disease in adults with type 2 diabetes or with suspected coronary artery disease with very low certainty (dOR 2.3-7.6; SROC AUC 0.66-0.79), mitochondrial disorders among adults with high certainty (dOR 18.1-26.6; SROC AUC 0.70-0.83), and cardiovascular disease risk among apparently healthy children and adolescents with low certainty (dOR 3.6-5.7; SROC AUC 0.64-0.71). CONCLUSIONS: CRF detects cardiovascular disease and mitochondrial disorders and predicts cardiovascular events among adults with chronic conditions and detects cardiovascular risk among apparently healthy children; however, the certainty of evidence ranged from very low to high certainty due to methodological limitations. Further research is needed to generate high-quality diagnostic evidence for CRF across diverse health outcomes and age groups in the general population. TRIAL REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42022370149. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Fraser, Brooklyn J AU - Fraser BJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1752-5431 AD - Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 23, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia. brooklyn.fraser@utas.edu.au. AD - Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), School of Allied Health and Human Performance, Adelaide University, Adelaide, SA, Australia. brooklyn.fraser@utas.edu.au. FAU - Gower, Bethany AU - Gower B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6969-6913 AD - Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), School of Allied Health and Human Performance, Adelaide University, Adelaide, SA, Australia. FAU - Stanesby, Oliver AU - Stanesby O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5996-5881 AD - Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 23, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia. AD - Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - Magnussen, Costan G AU - Magnussen CG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6238-5730 AD - Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), School of Allied Health and Human Performance, Adelaide University, Adelaide, SA, Australia. AD - Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. AD - Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland. FAU - Cadenas-Sanchez, Cristina AU - Cadenas-Sanchez C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4513-9108 AD - Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain. AD - Department of Cardiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. AD - Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA. AD - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Granada, Spain. FAU - Chaput, Jean-Philippe AU - Chaput JP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5607-5736 AD - Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - Manyanga, Taru AU - Manyanga T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5461-5981 AD - Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada. AD - Division of Medical Sciences, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada. FAU - McGrath, Ryan AU - McGrath R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0644-5524 AD - Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), School of Allied Health and Human Performance, Adelaide University, Adelaide, SA, Australia. AD - Healthy Aging North Dakota (HAND), North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA. AD - Department of Health, Nutrition, and Exercise Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA. AD - Fargo VA Healthcare System, Fargo, ND, USA. AD - Department of Geriatrics, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA. FAU - Merucci, Katherine AU - Merucci K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1981-7013 AD - Health Library, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - Myers, Jonathan AU - Myers J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2592-136X AD - Department of Cardiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. AD - Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA. FAU - Ortega, Francisco B AU - Ortega FB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2001-1121 AD - Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain. AD - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Granada, Spain. AD - Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland. FAU - Singh, Ben AU - Singh B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7227-2406 AD - Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), School of Allied Health and Human Performance, Adelaide University, Adelaide, SA, Australia. FAU - Prince, Stephanie A AU - Prince SA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6729-5649 AD - Centre for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada. AD - School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - Lang, Justin J AU - Lang JJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1768-319X AD - Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), School of Allied Health and Human Performance, Adelaide University, Adelaide, SA, Australia. AD - Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada. AD - Centre for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada. AD - School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - Tomkinson, Grant R AU - Tomkinson GR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7601-9670 AD - Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), School of Allied Health and Human Performance, Adelaide University, Adelaide, SA, Australia. LA - eng GR - 106588/National Heart Foundation of Australia/ GR - PID2023-148404OB-I00/MICIU/AEI /10.13039/501100011033 and ERDF funds, EU/ GR - 101028929/European Union's Horizon 2020/ PT - Journal Article PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20260804 PL - New Zealand TA - Sports Med JT - Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) JID - 8412297 SB - IM COIS- Declarations. Conflict of interest/Competing interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Funding: No funding was provided for this study. BJF is supported by a National Heart Foundation of Australia Postdoctoral Fellowship (106588). FBO's research activity is supported by the Grant PID2023-148404OB-I00 funded by MICIU/AEI/ https://doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 and ERDF funds, EU. CC-S is supported by a grant from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska Curie grant agreement No 101028929. Availability of data, code, and other materials: All materials from this study have been included as Electronic Supplementary Material. Additional materials are available upon request. Disclaimer: The content and views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Government of Canada. Authors' contributions: BJF screened the records, extracted the data, assessed the methodological quality of each systematic review, took responsibility for the integrity of the data, synthesised the results, and co-wrote the manuscript. BG screened the records, assessed the certainty of evidence, synthesised the results, and co-wrote the manuscript. OS extracted the data, assessed the methodological quality of each systematic review, and critically reviewed the manuscript for important intellectual content. CC-S, JPC, TM, and BS screened the records, contributed to the interpretation of results, and critically reviewed the manuscript for important intellectual content. CGM, JM, RM, and FBO contributed to the interpretation of results and critically reviewed the manuscript for important intellectual content. KM designed and executed the systematic search strategy and critically reviewed the manuscript for important intellectual content. SAP and JJL developed the research question, designed the systematic review, screened the records, contributed to the interpretation of results, and critically reviewed the manuscript for important intellectual content. GRT developed the research question, designed the systematic review, screened the records, had full access to the data, synthesised the results, and co-wrote the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript. Ethics approval: Not applicable. Consent to participate: Not applicable. Consent for publication: Not applicable. EDAT- 2026/08/05 06:42 MHDA- 2026/08/05 06:42 CRDT- 2026/08/05 00:17 PHST- 2026/07/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/05 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/05 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/05 00:17 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s40279-026-02503-7 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s40279-026-02503-7 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Sports Med. 2026 Aug 4. doi: 10.1007/s40279-026-02503-7. PMID- 42550031 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260804 LR - 20260813 IS - 1520-6300 (Electronic) IS - 1042-0533 (Print) IS - 1042-0533 (Linking) VI - 38 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Associations Between Motor Competence, Health-Related Physical Fitness, and Mental Health Outcomes in Spanish Adolescents: The ENERGYCO Study. PG - e70318 LID - 10.1002/ajhb.70318 [doi] LID - e70318 AB - BACKGROUND: Motor competence (MC) has been proposed as an important correlate of physical and mental health during youth. However, evidence examining its associations with both health-related physical fitness and mental health in Spanish adolescents remains limited. OBJECTIVE: To examine the associations between objectively assessed MC and health-related physical fitness and mental health in Spanish adolescents. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 273 adolescents (46.9% girls; 12-17 years). MC was assessed using the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency Short Form (BOT-2 SF). Anthropometric measures, physical fitness, and mental health were assessed using validated protocols and questionnaires. Two-level linear mixed-effects and generalized estimating equation logistic regression models were adjusted for sex, biological maturation, socioeconomic status, and self-reported physical activity. RESULTS: Higher MC was consistently associated with more favorable health-related physical fitness outcomes (all p < 0.001) and with a greater likelihood of meeting established health-related physical fitness criteria. MC was inversely associated with waist-to-height ratio (p = 0.028), whereas no consistent associations were observed with other anthropometric measures or mental health outcomes. CONCLUSION: Higher MC was consistently associated with health-related physical fitness in Spanish adolescents, whereas associations with anthropometric measures and mental health were limited. Future adequately powered longitudinal and intervention studies are warranted to clarify the directionality of these relationships. CI - (c) 2026 Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Valle-Munoz, Victor Manuel AU - Valle-Munoz VM AD - Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain. FAU - Avila-Garcia, Manuel AU - Avila-Garcia M AD - Inmaculada Teacher Training Centre, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain. AD - Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Isabel I, Burgos, Spain. FAU - Campos-Garzon, Pablo AU - Campos-Garzon P AD - SPORT Research Group (CTS-1024), CIBIS (Centro de Investigacion Para el Bienestar y la Inclusion Social) Research Center, University of Almeria, Almeria, Spain. AD - Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Perez De Arrilucea Le Floc'h, Unai A AU - Perez De Arrilucea Le Floc'h UA AD - Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Isabel I, Burgos, Spain. AD - Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Valencia, Valencia, Spain. FAU - Estevan, Isaac AU - Estevan I AD - AFIPS Research Group, Department of Teaching of Physical Education, Arts and Music, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. FAU - Villa-Gonzalez, Emilio AU - Villa-Gonzalez E AD - Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain. LA - eng GR - FPU23/01608/V.M.V.-M.: FPU Predoctoral Research Fellowship from the Spanish Ministry of Universities/ GR - PID2021-126126OA-I00/Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MCIN) and the State Research Agency/ GR - BG24/00004/P.C.-G.: Spanish Ministry of Universities/ GR - PRX24/00031/I.-E.: Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (Gobierno de Espana)/ PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Am J Hum Biol JT - American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council JID - 8915029 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Physical Fitness MH - Spain MH - Female MH - *Mental Health/statistics & numerical data MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adolescent MH - *Motor Skills MH - Male MH - Child PMC - PMC13436258 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescence OT - gross motor skills OT - health OT - physical education COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/04 12:46 MHDA- 2026/08/04 12:47 PMCR- 2026/08/04 CRDT- 2026/08/04 10:03 PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/04 12:47 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/04 12:46 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/04 10:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - AJHB70318 [pii] AID - 10.1002/ajhb.70318 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Am J Hum Biol. 2026 Aug;38(8):e70318. doi: 10.1002/ajhb.70318. PMID- 42549391 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260804 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Artificial intelligence in nutritional health: sustainable consumers' right to quality of life with special reference to youth. PG - 1817284 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1817284 [doi] LID - 1817284 AB - BACKGROUND: Maintaining optimal youth nutritional health is an urgent socio-economic imperative that underpins long-term human productivity and rights-based development. However, modern youth cohorts face unique dietary threats caused by the widespread availability of ultra-processed foods, targeted digital marketing, and complex food labeling protocols. Although Artificial Intelligence (AI) presents innovative avenues for personalized dietary profiling, existing systems remain largely technocentric and detached from statutory frameworks or behavioral realities. OBJECTIVE: This study bridges this interdisciplinary divide by evaluating a rights-based, technology-driven framework to improve youth nutritional health. It aims to: (1) empirically evaluate the "Knowledge-Attitude-Practice" (KAP) gap linking statutory consumer rights to real-world eating habits; (2) present the engineering design of a non-commercial Progressive Web Application (PWA) built to translate legal safeguards into daily behavioral changes; and (3) triangulate these findings using data from youth surveys and expert legal and nutritional panels. METHODS: Using a cross-sectional approach based on non-parametric power constraints, a validated survey instrument was completed by a target sample of Indian youth (n = 354, aged 15-25 years). Concurrently, data matrices were compiled from regional legal experts (n = 12) and public nutrition professionals (n = 12) to cross-verify structural bottlenecks. Group variances, demographic dependencies, and rank associations were analyzed using robust non-parametric tests, including One-Way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis (H), Welch's t-test, and Kendall's Tau (tau) correlation coefficients. RESULTS: Inferential analysis revealed unexpected demographic trends: undergraduate status predicted significantly higher FSSAI safety awareness than post-graduate status (p = 0.0037), while subjective health ratings exhibited a non-linear relationship with household income (p = 0.0004), peaking in the lower-middle financial tier. Crucially, rank correlation testing revealed that the relationship between statutory knowledge and actual dietary actions is functionally non-existent (tau = -0.001). This near-zero correlation provides clear empirical proof of a pronounced Knowledge-Action Gap, confirming that passive legal literacy fails to influence food selection in modern environments. CONCLUSION: By framing automated behavioral interventions within the constitutional protections of Article 21 of the Constitution of India and the Consumer Protection Act, 2019, this study shows how the open-access PWA (nutrition-zb.pages.dev) can bridge this behavioral gap. This shifts the focus of consumer health informatics from basic self-tracking to a rights-based, systemic public health intervention. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Indirapriyadarsini, Guttapalam, Mogarala and Guptha. FAU - Indirapriyadarsini, G AU - Indirapriyadarsini G AD - Department of Law, Sri Padmavati Mahila Visvavidyalayam (Women's University), Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India. FAU - Guttapalam, Sireesha AU - Guttapalam S AD - Department of Home Science, Sri Padmavati Mahila Visvavidyalayam (Women's University), Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India. FAU - Mogarala, Ramyasri AU - Mogarala R AD - Department of Research and Development Cell, Sri Padmavati Mahila Visvavidyalayam (Women's University), Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India. FAU - Guptha, Kalpeshkumar L AU - Guptha KL AD - Former Faculty, Gujarat National Law University, Surat, Gujarat, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260720 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - *Artificial Intelligence MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - *Quality of Life MH - Adult MH - India MH - *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Surveys and Questionnaires PMC - PMC13431161 OTO - NOTNLM OT - artificial intelligence OT - consumer protection OT - food safety regulations OT - knowledge-attitude-practice (KAP) gap OT - progressive web application (PWA) OT - sustainable development goals OT - sustainable health OT - youth health COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/04 12:46 MHDA- 2026/08/04 12:47 PMCR- 2026/07/20 CRDT- 2026/08/04 06:34 PHST- 2026/02/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/04 12:47 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/04 12:46 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/04 06:34 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1817284 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2026 Jul 20;14:1817284. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1817284. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42549124 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260804 LR - 20260827 IS - 2296-2360 (Print) IS - 2296-2360 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2360 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Correction: Comparison of Chinese and international birth weight standards in predicting early childhood growth outcomes: a retrospective cohort study. PG - 1905752 LID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1905752 [doi] LID - 1905752 AB - [This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fped.2026.1810686.]. CI - (c) 2026 Zhang, Zhang, Gao, Li, Zhang, Liu and Li. FAU - Zhang, Ting AU - Zhang T AD - Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, Shandong, China. FAU - Zhang, Zhenyu AU - Zhang Z AD - School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China. FAU - Gao, Mai AU - Gao M AD - Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, Shandong, China. FAU - Li, Ziyun AU - Li Z AD - Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, Shandong, China. FAU - Zhang, Li AU - Zhang L AD - Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, Shandong, China. FAU - Liu, Huijuan AU - Liu H AD - Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, Shandong, China. FAU - Li, Yan AU - Li Y AD - Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, Shandong, China. LA - eng PT - Published Erratum DEP - 20260720 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Pediatr JT - Frontiers in pediatrics JID - 101615492 EFR - Front Pediatr. 2026 Jun 08;14:1810686. doi: 10.3389/fped.2026.1810686. PMID: 42339296 PMC - PMC13430599 OTO - NOTNLM OT - birth weight OT - growth standards OT - possible risk of overweight OT - predictive validity OT - wasting EDAT- 2026/08/04 12:46 MHDA- 2026/08/04 12:47 PMCR- 2026/07/20 CRDT- 2026/08/04 06:11 PHST- 2026/06/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/04 12:47 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/04 12:46 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/04 06:11 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1905752 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Pediatr. 2026 Jul 20;14:1905752. doi: 10.3389/fped.2026.1905752. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42548891 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260804 LR - 20260813 IS - 2251-6093 (Electronic) IS - 2251-6085 (Print) IS - 2251-6085 (Linking) VI - 54 IP - 12 DP - 2025 Dec TI - Development of a Deep Learning Model for Predicting Obesity Using Health Behavior Data of Elementary School Students. PG - 2690-2700 LID - 10.18502/ijph.v54i12.20821 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Childhood obesity poses serious long-term health risks and is a growing global concern. In South Korea, national health surveys collect behavioral and physical data from elementary students, but the large number of questionnaire items can burden young respondents and reduce accuracy. Thus, simplified models with high predictive power are needed. METHODS: We analyzed data from over 250,000 elementary students collected by the Korean Ministry of Education (2015-2022). Using the Rohrer Index as the outcome variable, key predictors were selected via Lasso and Elastic Net regression. Categorical variables were reduced using Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA), and a deep learning model (NECTOR) combining MLP and self-attention was developed. RESULTS: NECTOR achieved high predictive performance with R(2) scores of 0.994 (boys) and 0.996 (girls), and low mean squared errors of 3.072 and 1.841, respectively. It outperformed baseline models using the same inputs. CONCLUSION: A small set of core health indicators can effectively predict the Rohrer Index. The proposed model enables efficient and reliable obesity screening in school settings, supporting early intervention efforts. CI - Copyright(c) 2025 Kim et al. Published by Tehran University of Medical Sciences. FAU - Kim, Changgyun AU - Kim C AD - Department of Electronic and AI System Engineering, Kangwon National University, Kangwon, Samcheok, 25913, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, Ji-Yong AU - Lee JY AD - Center for Sports and Performance Analysis, Korea National Sports University, Seoul, Songpa-gu, 05541, Republic of Korea. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - Iran TA - Iran J Public Health JT - Iranian journal of public health JID - 7505531 PMC - PMC13430117 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Childhood obesity OT - Deep learning OT - Health behavior OT - Rohrer index OT - School health survey EDAT- 2026/08/04 12:30 MHDA- 2026/08/04 06:38 PMCR- 2025/12/01 CRDT- 2026/08/04 05:52 PHST- 2025/04/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/06/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/04 06:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/04 12:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/04 05:52 [entrez] PHST- 2025/12/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - IJPH-54-2690 [pii] AID - 10.18502/ijph.v54i12.20821 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Iran J Public Health. 2025 Dec;54(12):2690-2700. doi: 10.18502/ijph.v54i12.20821. PMID- 42547597 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261026 LR - 20261026 IS - 1432-5241 (Electronic) IS - 0364-216X (Linking) VI - 50 IP - 19 DP - 2026 Oct TI - The Golden Triangle Method: A Novel Simulation Framework for Rhinoplasty Design. PG - 7905-7919 LID - 10.1007/s00266-026-06197-0 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Current rhinoplasty simulation relies on subjective landmark planning and compartmentalized parameter analysis, resulting in inconsistent designs. This study introduces a unified geometric framework to assist in the design of harmonious noses. OBJECTIVES: To develop and provide proof-of-concept validation for a geometric framework that systematically determines optimal nasal landmark positions based on facial proportions, and to evaluate its aesthetic acceptability. METHODS: This prospective study included 30 young Turkish women (aged 18-30 years) seeking primary rhinoplasty, evaluated by 20 board-certified plastic surgeons (17 included in Visual Analog Scales analysis after outlier exclusion) and the patients themselves. The Golden Triangle method employs a 36 degrees -apex isosceles triangle to determine key nasal landmarks within a cohesive geometric framework. Simulations were created using GeoGebra (which also calculated nasal ratios and angles) and Adobe Photoshop. Evaluators rated pre- and post-simulation images using Visual Analog Scales (0-100). Technical parameters were evaluated on 5-point Likert scale by surgeons. RESULTS: Patient VAS scores increased from 41.3 +/- 10.1 to 81.9 +/- 3.3 (p < .001; Cohen's d = 5.41), and surgeon ratings improved from 34.7 +/- 6.3 to 72.6 +/- 4.4 (p < .001; Cohen's d = 7.02). The coefficient of variation decreased by 66.2% for patients' and 53.7% for surgeons' ratings, indicating improved interrater agreement on simulation images. Technical parameters reached "ideal" consensus in 93-97% of cases. Nasal ratios and angles converged toward population-specific reference values with reduced variability. CONCLUSIONS: The Golden Triangle method provides a systematic approach to rhinoplasty simulation, significantly improving aesthetic ratings and interrater agreement using affordable software. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 . CI - (c) 2026. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature and International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery. FAU - Erbayat, Yusuf AU - Erbayat Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3253-6494 AD - Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Teaching and Research Hospital, Islampasa Mh. Sehitler Cd. No:74 Merkez, Rize, Turkey. erbayaty@gmail.com. FAU - Kirazoglu, Ahmet AU - Kirazoglu A AD - Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Florya Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Yildiz, Kemalettin AU - Yildiz K AD - Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260803 PL - United States TA - Aesthetic Plast Surg JT - Aesthetic plastic surgery JID - 7701756 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Rhinoplasty/methods MH - Female MH - Adult MH - Prospective Studies MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Esthetics MH - *Nose/anatomy & histology/surgery MH - *Computer Simulation MH - Anatomic Landmarks OTO - NOTNLM OT - Anthropometry OT - Computer simulation OT - Golden Triangle OT - Preoperative planning OT - Rhinoplasty OT - Visual Analog Scale COIS- Declarations. Conflict of interest: The corresponding author has a pending utility model application (Turkish Patent and Trademark Office, Application No: 2026/000080) for the simulation software of the Golden Triangle Method described in this study. All other authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to disclose. Ethical Approval: This prospective observational study received approval from the University Ethics Committee on March 14, 2024 (Approval No: E-54022451-050.04-144694). All procedures performed in this study involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments. Informed Consent: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. EDAT- 2026/08/04 00:35 MHDA- 2026/10/26 17:31 CRDT- 2026/08/03 23:52 PHST- 2026/01/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/26 17:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/04 00:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/03 23:52 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00266-026-06197-0 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00266-026-06197-0 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2026 Oct;50(19):7905-7919. doi: 10.1007/s00266-026-06197-0. Epub 2026 Aug 3. PMID- 42547504 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260803 LR - 20260824 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Aug 3 TI - Psychosocial and dietary influences on eating behaviors and body mass index among geographically diverse Indian university students. LID - 10.1038/s41598-026-48491-6 [doi] LID - 23865 AB - In the context of India's growing youth population, the interplay of dietary habits, social influences, and psychological factors critically shapes nutritional health outcomes. This cross-sectional study examined the socio-demographic, dietary, psychological, and social determinants of eating behaviour and their association with body mass index (BMI) among 3,150 undergraduate students from agricultural universities across six Indian regions. Using a validated self-administered questionnaire and anthropometric assessments, the study applied Principal Component Analysis (PCA) on 14 binary behavioural variables to identify latent dimensions influencing dietary patterns. The key behavioral components associated with BMI were: External Cues & Emotional Reactivity (PC2) (beta = +2.04, r = + 0.77), characterized by emotional eating and responsiveness to food advertisements; Dietary Practices & Cultural Disengagement (PC1) (beta = -1.54, r = - 0.58), reflecting structured dietary habits independent of cultural food norms; and Positive Affect & Peer Independence (PC6) (beta = -0.84, r = - 0.31), indicating emotionally positive, peer-independent eating. Dietary assessments revealed that although cereal consumption was adequate (100%), notable deficiencies were observed in the intake of green leafy vegetables, milk, and fruits, with consumption levels falling approximately 31-34%, 13-18%, and 10-20% below recommended dietary guidelines, respectively. The findings highlighted that beyond nutritional deficits, psychosocial factors including emotional reactivity and social pressures significantly influence students' weight status. Emotional vulnerability and environmental cues linked with higher BMI, whereas structured eating and emotional well-being are protective. This research underscores the need for gender and socially sensitive nutrition programs in Indian universities to prevent both obesity and undernutrition. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Mahra, Girijesh Singh AU - Mahra GS AD - ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India. girijeshmahra22@gmail.com. FAU - Joshi, Pratibha AU - Joshi P AD - ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India. pratijosh12@gmail.com. FAU - Satyapriya AU - Satyapriya AD - ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India. satya118ext@gmail.com. FAU - Bishnoi, Sitaram AU - Bishnoi S AD - ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India. srext2011@gmail.com. FAU - Sahu, Subhashree AU - Sahu S AD - ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India. FAU - Barua, Sukanya AU - Barua S AD - ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India. FAU - Burman, Rajarshi Roy AU - Burman RR AD - Division of Agricultural Extension, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260803 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Students/psychology MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - India MH - *Body Mass Index MH - Universities MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Young Adult MH - *Diet MH - Adolescent MH - Emotional Eating MH - Adult MH - Surveys and Questionnaires PMC - PMC13434682 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Consumption pattern OT - Demographic dividend OT - Dietary habits OT - Social and psychological factors COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Ethical approval: All methods used in this study were conducted in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations. The study received approval from the Research Ethics Committee of the Division of Agricultural Extension, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India (Approval No. Ag Extn/2025/579(A), Date: 01 January, 2025). Informed consent was obtained from each participant, and their confidentiality was ensured throughout the study. EDAT- 2026/08/04 00:35 MHDA- 2026/08/04 00:36 PMCR- 2026/08/03 CRDT- 2026/08/03 23:18 PHST- 2025/07/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/04 00:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/04 00:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/03 23:18 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-48491-6 [pii] AID - 48491 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-48491-6 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2026 Aug 3;16(1):23865. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-48491-6. PMID- 42547409 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260803 IS - 1941-2444 (Electronic) IS - 0148-6071 (Linking) DP - 2026 Aug 3 TI - Nutritional and environmental determinants of maturation and disruption of the early life gut microbiome: A narrative review. LID - 10.1002/jpen.70127 [doi] AB - The first 1000 days of life represent a critical window for gut microbiome assembly, with lifelong implications for child growth, immune development, and disease risk. This review synthesizes evidence on maternal, perinatal, and especially nutritional factors that influence early-life intestinal colonization and highlights the consequences of microbial disruptions during this period. In utero exposures and birth-associated factors can profoundly shape microbial development, reducing diversity and beneficial taxa. Nutrition exerts a particularly dominant and modifiable influence: breastfeeding supports Bifidobacterium-rich communities, while formula use and early complementary feeding shape microbiota diversity and metabolic function. Dietary quality, fiber intake, and food diversity are key determinants of microbial maturation and resilience. Undernutrition and inadequate diets contribute to microbial dysbiosis, creating a self-reinforcing cycle of malabsorption, growth failure, and long-term metabolic consequences. Early microbial perturbations are associated with a range of acute and chronic diseases, including necrotizing enterocolitis, obesity, type 1 diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, and atopic disorders. Strategies to restore microbial balance require further validation, particularly in nutritionally vulnerable populations. The absence of a universal definition for a "healthy" pediatric microbiome limits the development of targeted interventions. Emerging metrics, such as microbiota-for-age z-scores and functional microbiome profiling, may help define microbiota maturity and therapeutic efficacy. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. FAU - Burow, Carly AU - Burow C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2033-672X AD - Faculty of Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. AD - Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Shenderey, Romy AU - Shenderey R AD - Faculty of Health Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Chowdhury, Fariha AU - Chowdhury F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9760-186X AD - Faculty of Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Shah, Nyah AU - Shah N AD - Faculty of Health Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. AD - Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Pai, Nikhil AU - Pai N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7537-6059 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. AD - Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. AD - Center for Microbial Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260803 PL - United States TA - JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr JT - JPEN. Journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition JID - 7804134 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - life cycle OT - microbiome OT - nutrition OT - pediatrics OT - research and diseases EDAT- 2026/08/04 00:35 MHDA- 2026/08/04 00:35 CRDT- 2026/08/03 22:02 PHST- 2026/06/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/11/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/04 00:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/04 00:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/03 22:02 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/jpen.70127 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2026 Aug 3. doi: 10.1002/jpen.70127. PMID- 42546580 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260904 LR - 20260904 IS - 1872-6232 (Electronic) IS - 0378-3782 (Linking) VI - 222 DP - 2026 Nov TI - Validation of the German version of the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) and associations with infant development. PG - 106629 LID - S0378-3782(26)00155-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2026.106629 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Sleep problems such as prolonged night waking and difficulty falling asleep are common in infants. Sleep problems can affect development and put parents at risk of sleep deprivation, potentially leading to stress and burnout. It is therefore important to identify sleep problems early to facilitate targeted intervention and support. The Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) developed by Sadeh (2004) is a widely used tool to identify and describe sleep behavior. However, a validated German translation is still missing. The main aim was to validate the German version of the BISQ by evaluating whether it captures age-related changes in sleep behavior whether it can distinguish between infants with and without sleep problems similarly to the original version. METHODS: We validated the German version of the BISQ by secondary analyses including N = 562 infants aged 6 to 24 months from seven independent samples and examined relations to infant development. Caregivers completed the German version of the BISQ. Additionally, parents in a subset of samples completed the Ages and Stages Questionnaires to assess developmental progress. To validate the BISQ against an objective measure, infants in three of the samples wore an actiwatch for a single night. RESULTS: Results showed age-related changes in sleep measures as assessed by the BISQ. Significant moderate correlations emerged between caregiver-reported night sleep duration and night wakings and one night of actigraphy. Additionally, BISQ sleep measures differed between infants whose parents reported a sleep problem and those who did not. The infant's sleep location (in own vs. shared bed) was a significant predictor of BISQ measures. Infants who slept alone in a separate room had more favorable sleep measures than infants who slept in the parent's room or the parent's bed. Daytime sleep duration and the time taken to fall asleep at night were positively associated with gross motor development, whereas nocturnal sleep duration was negatively associated. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that the German BISQ is a valid, quick-to-administer instrument for assessing infant sleep. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Konrad, Carolin AU - Konrad C AD - Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitatsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany. Electronic address: carolin.konrad@rub.de. FAU - Schneider, Silvia AU - Schneider S AD - Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Massenbergstrasse 9-13, 44787, Bochum, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Bochum/Marburg, Germany. Electronic address: silvia.schneider@rub.de. FAU - Seehagen, Sabine AU - Seehagen S AD - Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitatsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Bochum/Marburg, Germany. Electronic address: sabine.seehagen@rub.de. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260729 PL - Ireland TA - Early Hum Dev JT - Early human development JID - 7708381 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - Surveys and Questionnaires/standards MH - Male MH - *Sleep MH - Female MH - *Child Development MH - Child, Preschool MH - Sleep Duration MH - Germany MH - *Sleep Wake Disorders/diagnosis MH - Actigraphy OTO - NOTNLM OT - Actigraphy OT - Infancy OT - Infant development OT - Sleep OT - Sleep problem COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors have no competing interests to declare. EDAT- 2026/08/04 00:35 MHDA- 2026/09/04 23:36 CRDT- 2026/08/03 18:07 PHST- 2026/04/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/04 23:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/04 00:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/03 18:07 [entrez] AID - S0378-3782(26)00155-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2026.106629 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Early Hum Dev. 2026 Nov;222:106629. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2026.106629. Epub 2026 Jul 29. PMID- 42545817 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260803 IS - 1950-6945 (Electronic) IS - 1294-9361 (Linking) DP - 2026 Aug 3 TI - Dietary patterns in children with epilepsy: The role of household environment and clinical comorbidities. LID - 10.1002/epd2.70362 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To evaluate dietary patterns in children with epilepsy and compare them with age- and sex-matched healthy siblings living in the same household environment. Associations between clinical characteristics and dietary adequacy were also examined. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 58 participants (37 with epilepsy and 21 sibling controls), aged 2-18 years, recruited from a tertiary epilepsy clinic. Dietary intake was assessed using validated, age-specific food frequency questionnaires and classified according to national recommendations. Regression models were used to identify predictors of dietary intake and adequacy. RESULTS: Both groups exhibited inadequate consumption of cereals, fruits, and vegetables, and excessive intake of sugary and ultra-processed foods. No significant differences in dietary intake or adequacy were found between children with epilepsy and their siblings. Within the epilepsy group, motor impairment, and constipation were associated with higher vegetable intake. Conversely, intellectual disability and developmental delay were linked to lower vegetable and fruit intake respectively. Autism spectrum disorder decreased the odds of inadequate vegetable intake, while intellectual disability and younger age increased it. SIGNIFICANCE: Children and adolescents with epilepsy exhibited similar dietary patterns to their healthy siblings, while within the epilepsy group, clinical characteristics, and comorbidities were associated with significant variations in dietary intake and adequacy. These findings suggest that nutritional counseling in pediatric epilepsy should be tailored to clinical comorbidities and family context rather than epilepsy diagnosis alone. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Epileptic Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International League Against Epilepsy. FAU - Oliveira, Ana Claudia Candido AU - Oliveira ACC AD - Child Neurology Service, Department of Neurology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil. FAU - Santana, Maria Eduarda Pereira AU - Santana MEP AD - Child Neurology Service, Department of Neurology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil. FAU - Zanin, Giuliane V M AU - Zanin GVM AD - Child Neurology Service, Department of Neurology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil. FAU - da Silva, Jaqueline Lamas AU - da Silva JL AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-5482-141X AD - Department of Statistics, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora, Brazil. FAU - Zeller, Camila Borelli AU - Zeller CB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1042-7425 AD - Department of Statistics, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora, Brazil. FAU - Coan, Ana Carolina AU - Coan AC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2888-929X AD - Child Neurology Service, Department of Neurology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil. AD - Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, BRAINN at UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil. AD - Neuroimaging Laboratory, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil. LA - eng GR - 001/Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260803 PL - United States TA - Epileptic Disord JT - Epileptic disorders : international epilepsy journal with videotape JID - 100891853 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - children OT - diet OT - epilepsy OT - food frequency questionnaire OT - nutritional adequacy EDAT- 2026/08/03 18:37 MHDA- 2026/08/03 18:37 CRDT- 2026/08/03 12:38 PHST- 2026/07/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/03 18:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/03 18:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/03 12:38 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/epd2.70362 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Epileptic Disord. 2026 Aug 3. doi: 10.1002/epd2.70362. PMID- 42545147 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260803 IS - 2047-945X (Electronic) IS - 0260-1060 (Linking) DP - 2026 Aug 3 TI - Maternal and newborn health in vegan and omnivore pregnancies: A prospective pilot study (PREGGIE). PG - 2601060261474598 LID - 10.1177/02601060261474598 [doi] AB - BackgroundFew studies have assessed health outcomes in pregnant vegans and their newborns.AimThis study aimed to examine this evidence gap.MethodsThis pilot study compared health parameters of pregnant vegans (n = 32) and omnivores (n = 13), as well as their newborns, in Germany (2019-2022). Maternal body mass index, weight and blood pressure were measured at gestational weeks 9-16 (t1) and 35-38 (t2). Additional assessments included maternal weight gain and excessive weight gain (from the beginning of pregnancy to t2), delivery method, gestational age, preterm birth, sex ratio, birth weight and length, small/large for gestational age, low birth weight, macrosomia, head circumference, and Apgar scores.SummaryNo significant differences were observed between the vegan and omnivore groups for any newborn outcomes, birth characteristics, or maternal health parameters. No preterm births occurred. Small for gestational age was observed in 2 vegan (6%) and 3 omnivore newborns (23%). Low birth weight (<2500 g) occurred in 1 vegan newborn (3%) and in no omnivore newborns. An Apgar score <10 at 10 min was recorded in 1 vegan (3%) and 1 (8%) omnivore newborn (both scoring 8).This study detected no clear adverse effects of a supplemented vegan diet (vitamin B12, iodine, vitamin D, omega-3 fatty acids) during pregnancy. Differences between vegans and omnivores cannot be excluded. The study was underpowered and baseline differences limit group comparability, validity, and generalizability. The study highlights key parameters and underscores the need to maximize group comparability in future research. FAU - Koeder, Christian AU - Koeder C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3761-4220 AD - Institute for Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology (IPE), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. RINGGOLD: 14879 AD - Research Institute for Plant-Based Nutrition (IFPE), Biebertal, Germany. FAU - Feuerlein, Katharina AU - Feuerlein K AD - Fakultat fur Gesundheit, University Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany. RINGGOLD: 235785 FAU - Stanislas, Virginie AU - Stanislas V AD - Institute for Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology (IPE), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. RINGGOLD: 14879 FAU - Zerback, Tim AU - Zerback T AD - Research Institute for Plant-Based Nutrition (IFPE), Biebertal, Germany. FAU - Weder, Stine AU - Weder S AD - Research Institute for Plant-Based Nutrition (IFPE), Biebertal, Germany. FAU - Langler, Alfred AU - Langler A AD - Fakultat fur Gesundheit, Professur fur integrative Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, University Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany. RINGGOLD: 235785 AD - Gemeinschaftskrankenhaus Herdecke, Klinik fur Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Herdecke, Germany. FAU - Alexy, Ute AU - Alexy U AD - Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences-Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. RINGGOLD: 9374 FAU - Keller, Markus AU - Keller M AD - Research Institute for Plant-Based Nutrition (IFPE), Biebertal, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260803 PL - England TA - Nutr Health JT - Nutrition and health JID - 8306569 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Vegan diet OT - infants OT - maternal nutrition OT - newborn OT - plant-based diet OT - pregnancy OT - premature birth OT - vegetarian diet EDAT- 2026/08/03 12:42 MHDA- 2026/08/03 12:42 CRDT- 2026/08/03 09:52 PHST- 2026/08/03 12:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/03 12:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/03 09:52 [entrez] AID - 10.1177/02601060261474598 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Nutr Health. 2026 Aug 3:2601060261474598. doi: 10.1177/02601060261474598. PMID- 42544552 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261015 LR - 20261015 IS - 2153-2176 (Electronic) IS - 2153-2168 (Linking) VI - 22 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Dec TI - Reliability and Repeatability of At-Home Parent-Reported Height and Weight Measurement of Young Children. PG - 479-484 LID - 10.1177/21532176261474683 [doi] AB - Accurate anthropometric measurement is essential for monitoring child growth, yet access to in-person measurement collection can be limited. This study examines the reliability and repeatability of height and weight measurements taken at home by a single parent compared to those taken by a trained researcher team in a clinical setting. Thirty children aged 2-5 years enrolled in the TARGet Kids! cohort were measured by two trained researchers working in a pair and by their parent at home using standardized instructions. Technical error of measurement (TEM), relative TEM (%TEM), and the coefficient of reliability (R) were used to assess measurement reliability. Results demonstrated high reliability and repeatability of parent-reported measurements, particularly for weight. Bland-Altman plots showed slightly greater variation in height measurements collected by the parent at home, though still within acceptable limits. These findings support the use of parent-collected anthropometry at home, which may enhance accessibility for research and clinical care when in-person measurement is not feasible. FAU - Rae, Sarah AU - Rae S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7025-3658 AD - Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. AD - Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Keown-Stoneman, Charles AU - Keown-Stoneman C AD - Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. AD - Applied Health Research Centre (AHRC), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Pullenayegum, Eleanor AU - Pullenayegum E AD - The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Ong, Frank AU - Ong F AD - Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Dennis, Cindy-Lee AU - Dennis CL AD - Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Hamilton, Jill AU - Hamilton J AD - Division of Endocrinology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Maguire, Jonathon AU - Maguire J AD - Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. AD - MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, Division of Paediatrics, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Birken, Catherine S AU - Birken CS AD - Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. AD - Division of Paediatric Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260803 PL - United States TA - Child Obes JT - Childhood obesity (Print) JID - 101542497 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child, Preschool MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - *Body Height/physiology MH - Female MH - *Parents MH - Male MH - *Body Weight/physiology MH - *Anthropometry/methods OTO - NOTNLM OT - anthropometric measurement OT - child health OT - early childhood obesity OT - growth monitoring OT - measurement reliability OT - parent-reported data COIS- Author Disclosure StatementNo conflicts of interest to disclose. There are no prior publications or submissions with overlapping information, including studies or participants. EDAT- 2026/08/03 06:36 MHDA- 2026/10/15 07:17 CRDT- 2026/08/03 05:43 PHST- 2026/10/15 07:17 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/03 06:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/03 05:43 [entrez] AID - 10.1177/21532176261474683 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Child Obes. 2026 Dec;22(8):479-484. doi: 10.1177/21532176261474683. Epub 2026 Aug 3. PMID- 42542449 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261023 LR - 20261025 IS - 1476-5640 (Electronic) IS - 0954-3007 (Print) IS - 0954-3007 (Linking) VI - 80 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Segmental BIA-derived body composition in children and adolescents aged 5-18 years: age- and sex-specific reference values and limitations in obesity. PG - 1062-1069 LID - 10.1038/s41430-026-01788-1 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Bioimpedance analysis (BIA) is a non-invasive method for estimating fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM) via resistance (Rz) and reactance (Xc). Despite its potential, its usefulness and accuracy in children remain controversial. SUBJECTS/METHODS: We obtained body composition measurements from 2954 visits involving 1547 participants (aged 5-21 years) using segmental BIA measurements and skinfold-based equations (Slaughter et al.). Four independent analyses were conducted: (1) agreement of Rz and Xc measurements between body segments was assessed; (2) sex- and age-specific reference curves for height-normalized resistance (Rz/H) and reactance (Xc/H) were developed; (3) associations between changes in BMI-SDS, Rz/H, and Xc/H (SDS) were examined; and (4) FM estimates derived from the proprietary algorithm, an alternative formula-based BIA algorithm, and skinfold-based equations were compared with age adjustment. RESULTS: Segmental Rz/H and Xc/H measurements showed "excellent" (>0.9) intraclass correlations for all segments. Concordance correlation coefficients indicated variable agreement between methods. Age- and sex-specific Rz/H and Xc/H percentile curves showed similar progressions across body segments. Rz/H (SDS) and Xc/H (SDS) showed a clear association with BMI-SDS, with lower values in participants with obesity. Estimated FFM and FM showed discrepancies between estimation methods depending on weight status rather than age. CONCLUSION: Rz/H and Xc/H showed consistent age-related patterns but were strongly influenced by BMI-SDS. While agreement between FM estimates was good in normal-weight children, substantial discrepancies were observed in those with obesity. These findings suggest that current BIA-based estimation approaches may be unreliable in children and adolescents with obesity. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Boker, Klara AU - Boker K AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-9354-6791 AD - Leipzig University, Medical Faculty, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents Leipzig, Center for Pediatric Research (CPL), LIFE Child, Leipzig, Germany. Klara.Boeker@medizin.uni-leipzig.de. FAU - Vogel, Mandy AU - Vogel M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2051-1249 AD - Leipzig University, Medical Faculty, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents Leipzig, Center for Pediatric Research (CPL), LIFE Child, Leipzig, Germany. AD - German Center for Child and Adolescent Health (DZKJ), Partner Site Leipzig/Dresden, Leipzig, Germany. FAU - Grundmann, Annelie AU - Grundmann A AD - Leipzig University, Medical Faculty, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents Leipzig, Center for Pediatric Research (CPL), LIFE Child, Leipzig, Germany. FAU - Kiess, Wieland AU - Kiess W AD - Leipzig University, Medical Faculty, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents Leipzig, Center for Pediatric Research (CPL), LIFE Child, Leipzig, Germany. AD - German Center for Child and Adolescent Health (DZKJ), Partner Site Leipzig/Dresden, Leipzig, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260801 PL - England TA - Eur J Clin Nutr JT - European journal of clinical nutrition JID - 8804070 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - *Body Composition MH - Child, Preschool MH - Male MH - Reference Values MH - Child MH - *Electric Impedance MH - Female MH - Body Mass Index MH - Skinfold Thickness MH - *Obesity MH - Age Factors MH - Sex Factors MH - Algorithms MH - Young Adult MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Adipose Tissue PMC - PMC13690603 COIS- Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Ethical approval: The LIFE Child Study was designed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval from the Ethics Committee of the University of Leipzig took place in 2010 (reference number: Reg. No. 264-10-19042010). Fully informed and written consent was obtained from each participant and their parents at each visit to the study outpatient clinic. EDAT- 2026/08/02 00:50 MHDA- 2026/10/23 23:30 PMCR- 2026/08/01 CRDT- 2026/08/01 23:18 PHST- 2025/07/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/10/23 23:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/02 00:50 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/01 23:18 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41430-026-01788-1 [pii] AID - 1788 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41430-026-01788-1 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Clin Nutr. 2026 Oct;80(10):1062-1069. doi: 10.1038/s41430-026-01788-1. Epub 2026 Aug 1. PMID- 42542448 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261023 LR - 20261025 IS - 1476-5640 (Electronic) IS - 0954-3007 (Print) IS - 0954-3007 (Linking) VI - 80 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Food selection, cardiorespiratory fitness and the longitudinal association with adiposity among South African school children: the ExAMIN Youth SA study. PG - 1025-1032 LID - 10.1038/s41430-026-01799-y [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The global pandemic of paediatric obesity, unhealthy diets and physical inactivity are important future health challenges. The purpose of this study was to determine 4-year changes in food selection, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and the longitudinal association with the development of adiposity among South African primary school-age children. METHODS: School children aged 5-9 years old in 2017 (n = 950) were followed up for four years. Parents indicated selection from healthy and unhealthy food groups in a validated questionnaire. Weight and height of the children were measured, and WHO BMI z-score (BAZ) was calculated. CRF was determined by the 20 m shuttle run test (20-m SRT). Changes in food selection frequency, CRF and BAZ were assessed. The association between frequency of food group selection, age, household income and CRF with 4-year change in BAZ was determined using mixed linear models. RESULTS: BAZ (p < 0.001) and age-adjusted performance in the 20-m SRT of boys (p = 0.04) increased at follow-up. The frequency of sugar-sweetened beverages (p < 0.001) and milk intake (p < 0.02) decreased, while the intake from fast-foods increased (p = 0.001). Daily intakes of vegetables and milk were associated with decreases in BAZ. A trend of a positive association was found between frequency of SSB intake and BAZ. CRF showed a strong negative association with BAZ over time (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Higher daily vegetable and milk intakes, as well as higher levels of CRF were protective against increasing adiposity among school-age children. The promotion of healthy eating and measures to improve CRF among school children are important priorities. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Kruger, Herculina Salome AU - Kruger HS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5365-1777 AD - Centre of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa. salome.kruger@nwu.ac.za. AD - Medical Research Council Research Unit for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa. salome.kruger@nwu.ac.za. FAU - Ricci, Cristian AU - Ricci C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4113-8682 AD - African Unit for Transdisciplinary Health Research, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa. FAU - Pienaar, Anita Elizabeth AU - Pienaar AE AD - Physical Activity, Sport and Recreation Research Focus Area, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa. FAU - Monyeki, Makama Andries AU - Monyeki MA AD - Physical Activity, Sport and Recreation Research Focus Area, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa. FAU - van Zyl, Tertia AU - van Zyl T AD - Centre of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa. AD - Medical Research Council Research Unit for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa. FAU - Ricci, Hannah AU - Ricci H AD - African Unit for Transdisciplinary Health Research, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa. FAU - Kruger, Ruan AU - Kruger R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7680-2032 AD - Medical Research Council Research Unit for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa. AD - Hypertension in Africa Research Team, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa. LA - eng GR - 86895/South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC)/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260801 PL - England TA - Eur J Clin Nutr JT - European journal of clinical nutrition JID - 8804070 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Child MH - South Africa/epidemiology MH - *Cardiorespiratory Fitness/physiology MH - Female MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - *Adiposity/physiology MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Food Preferences MH - *Diet/statistics & numerical data MH - Body Mass Index MH - *Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology MH - Animals MH - Schools PMC - PMC13690588 COIS- Competing interests: HSK is a member of the Research Grants Panel of the South African Sugar Association and receives an honorarium for the review of grant applications. The South African Sugar Association played no role in the design of the study, collection and analysis of data and the decision to submit this manuscript for publication. The other authors declare no competing interests. Ethical approval: The study protocol was approved by the Centre of Excellence Scientific Review Committee of the North-West University. The researchers obtained approval from the Health Research Ethics Committee (NWU-00091-16-A1) of the North-West University to conduct the study. The parents and caregivers signed informed consent forms for the children while children, whose parents consented, signed assent forms for their participation in the study after they were provided with information about this study and their role and rights as participants. All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations. Anthropometry methods were performed according to the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry protocol. The food group questionnaire data collection was based on validated questionnaire methods. The 20 m shuttle run methods were performed according to published guidelines for the assessment and interpretation of data in relation to youth aerobic fitness and health. EDAT- 2026/08/02 00:50 MHDA- 2026/10/23 23:30 PMCR- 2026/08/01 CRDT- 2026/08/01 23:18 PHST- 2025/08/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/10/23 23:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/02 00:50 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/01 23:18 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41430-026-01799-y [pii] AID - 1799 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41430-026-01799-y [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Clin Nutr. 2026 Oct;80(10):1025-1032. doi: 10.1038/s41430-026-01799-y. Epub 2026 Aug 1. PMID- 42541538 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261012 LR - 20261014 IS - 1437-1596 (Electronic) IS - 0937-9827 (Linking) VI - 140 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Nov TI - Mandibular condylar cortication and third molar apical closure on cone beam computed tomography for the assessment of legal adulthood: a pilot retrospective study. PG - 4289-4297 LID - 10.1007/s00414-026-03932-9 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Accurate estimation of legal adulthood in undocumented individuals remains a major challenge in forensic and medico-legal contexts. This study evaluates mandibular condylar cortication and third molar apical closure assessed by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) as potential indicators of age of majority. A retrospective observational pilot study was conducted on 142 individuals aged 13-25 years from six geographic regions (Spain, Uruguay, Peru, Mexico, Venezuela and Colombia). Two radiological variables were analyzed: the presence of cortical bone in the mandibular condyle and apical closure of the mandibular third molars. Associations with chronological age were explored descriptively, considering sex and geographic origin. RESULTS: Mandibular condylar cortication was identified exclusively in individuals aged 18 years or older. It showed 89.2% sensitivity, 100% specificity, 100% positive predictive value, and 89.5% negative predictive value for identifying legal adulthood. Complete third molar apical closure showed lower sensitivity (64.7%) and specificity of 96.6%. Both markers were significantly associated with legal adulthood (Fisher's exact test, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of this pilot study, mandibular condylar cortication assessed by CBCT appears to be a promising indicator of legal adulthood, potentially offering higher specificity than third molar apical closure. Further large-scale studies are required to validate these findings. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Martinez-Mirave, Araceli P AU - Martinez-Mirave AP AD - Faculty of Dentistry, UIC Barcelona, Sant Cugat del Valles, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Abecasis, Pedro Maria AU - Abecasis PM AD - IUEM - Instituto Universitario Egas Moniz, Lisbon, Portugal. FAU - Jaureguy, Santiago Andres AU - Jaureguy SA AD - Faculty of Dentistry, UIC Barcelona, Sant Cugat del Valles, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Satorres-Nieto, Marta AU - Satorres-Nieto M AD - Faculty of Dentistry, UIC Barcelona, Sant Cugat del Valles, Barcelona, Spain. msatorres@uic.es. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260801 PL - Germany TA - Int J Legal Med JT - International journal of legal medicine JID - 9101456 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Cone-Beam Computed Tomography MH - Pilot Projects MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Male MH - Adult MH - Young Adult MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - *Molar, Third/diagnostic imaging/growth & development MH - *Mandibular Condyle/diagnostic imaging/growth & development MH - *Age Determination by Teeth/methods MH - Sensitivity and Specificity MH - *Cortical Bone/diagnostic imaging MH - *Tooth Apex/diagnostic imaging/growth & development OTO - NOTNLM OT - Age estimation OT - CBCT OT - Cortication OT - Forensic dentistry OT - Mandibular condyle OT - Third molar COIS- Declarations. Ethics: This retrospective study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. All CBCT scans were anonymized prior to analysis. Ethics approval: This study (Study Code: REC-ECL-2025-01) was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Clinica Universitaria d'Odontologia (CEIm), UIC Barcelona (Acta 8AG, approval date 09/04/2025). Consent to participate: The requirement for informed consent was waived due to the retrospective nature of the study and the use of anonymized CBCT images. The study protocol, including the request for waiver of informed consent, was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee. Clinical trial number: Not applicable. AI statement: The authors declare that artificial intelligence (AI) tools were used solely to assist in language refinement and improvement of manuscript clarity. All scientific content, study design, data analysis, and interpretation of results were performed by the authors. The authors take full responsibility for the accuracy and integrity of the work. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/08/02 00:30 MHDA- 2026/10/12 17:30 CRDT- 2026/08/01 11:13 PHST- 2026/06/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/12 17:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/02 00:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/01 11:13 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00414-026-03932-9 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00414-026-03932-9 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Legal Med. 2026 Nov;140(6):4289-4297. doi: 10.1007/s00414-026-03932-9. Epub 2026 Aug 1. PMID- 42540724 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260801 LR - 20260813 IS - 2167-8359 (Electronic) IS - 2167-8359 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Criterion validity assessment of the 24-hour movement behaviors questionnaire (24HMBQ) for Chinese college students: validation study. PG - e21490 LID - 10.7717/peerj.21490 [doi] LID - e21490 AB - BACKGROUND: Accumulating studies have investigated the combined effects of 24-h movement behaviors on physical and mental health. The 24-hour Movement Behaviors Questionnaire (24HMBQ) was recently developed to measure the 24-hour movement behaviors in college students. However, its criterion validity remains to be elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the criterion validity of the 24HMBQ against accelerometer-derived data among Chinese college students. METHODS: Eighty-eight college students (age = 20.2 +/- 2.2 years) participated in this study. The Axivity AX3 accelerometers were used to objectively measure physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB), and sleep levels over a consecutive seven-day period. At the last day, participants completed the 24HMBQ to self-report their PA, SB, and sleep levels. Paired-sample t-test, Spearman's rank correlation test, and Bland-Altman plot were used to examine the degree of agreement between 24HMBQ and accelerometer data. RESULTS: Spearman's correlation coefficients indicated strong agreement for sleep metrics (Rho = 0.77, p < 0.001 for weekdays; Rho = 0.68, p < 0.001 for weekends) and moderate agreement for SB (Rho = 0.55, p < 0.001 for weekdays; Rho = 0.33, p < 0.01 for weekends) between 24HMBQ and accelerometer measurements. However, lower correlations were observed for physical activities including light PA (Rho = 0.30, p < 0.01) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA; Rho = 0.15, p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The 24HMBQ showed good criterion validity for sleep and moderate validity for sedentary behavior, but limited validity for physical activity (especially MVPA). CI - (c)2026 Tan et al. FAU - Tan, Teck Cheng AU - Tan TC AD - School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China. FAU - Zheng, Jiaxin AU - Zheng J AD - School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China. FAU - Chen, Tianle AU - Chen T AD - Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. FAU - Liu, Yiting AU - Liu Y AD - Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. FAU - Luo, Yan AU - Luo Y AD - Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. FAU - Yang, Yanxiang AU - Yang Y AD - Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. FAU - Huang, Tao AU - Huang T AD - Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260728 PL - United States TA - PeerJ JT - PeerJ JID - 101603425 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Students/statistics & numerical data MH - Surveys and Questionnaires/standards MH - Young Adult MH - *Exercise MH - Male MH - Accelerometry MH - Universities MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - *Sedentary Behavior MH - Sleep MH - China MH - Sleep Duration MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13426337 OTO - NOTNLM OT - 24-hour movement behavior OT - Accelerometer OT - College students OT - Criterion validity OT - Questionnaire COIS- The authors declare there are no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/08/02 00:30 MHDA- 2026/08/02 00:31 PMCR- 2026/07/28 CRDT- 2026/08/01 06:42 PHST- 2025/12/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/02 00:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/02 00:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/01 06:42 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 21490 [pii] AID - 10.7717/peerj.21490 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PeerJ. 2026 Jul 28;14:e21490. doi: 10.7717/peerj.21490. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42539487 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260801 LR - 20260813 IS - 1664-1078 (Print) IS - 1664-1078 (Electronic) IS - 1664-1078 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Physical literacy and mental well-being in adults: a cross-sectional examination of their association and links with physical activity engagement. PG - 1908692 LID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1908692 [doi] LID - 1908692 AB - BACKGROUND: Physical literacy, the integrated motivation, confidence, physical competence, knowledge, and understanding that underpins lifelong physical activity, has been advanced as a holistic determinant of health. Yet, evidence linking it to positively framed mental well-being in adults remains scarce and is dominated by samples of children and adolescents. AIM: This study examined the association between physical literacy and mental well-being in Turkish adults and tested whether both constructs differed by sex, educational attainment, athletic background, regular exercise participation, and habitual physical activity level. METHODS: In a cross-sectional design, 375 adults (64.5% male; mean age = 32.23 years, SD = 11.03, range 18-71), a convenience sample skewed toward physically active and tertiary-educated men, completed validated Turkish measures of physical literacy and mental well-being. Active-living exposures were assessed using a single self-report item. Internal consistency was high (physical literacy alpha = 0.89, omega = 0.90; mental well-being alpha = 0.92, omega = 0.92). Pearson correlations, t-tests, one-way ANOVAs, and hierarchical regression were computed with effect sizes and 95% confidence intervals; discriminant validity was tested directly, and an exploratory mediation was examined. RESULTS: Physical literacy was moderately and positively associated with mental well-being (r = 0.45, p < 0.001), and the two constructs showed evidence of empirical distinctness (HTMT = 0.52, 95% CI [0.42, 0.63]). Adults with an athletic background and regular exercisers reported higher physical literacy (d = 0.83 and 1.09) and mental well-being (d = 0.36 and 0.63), and both outcomes increased in an ordered gradient across habitual activity-frequency categories (physical literacy eta(2) = 0.21; mental well-being eta(2) = 0.07). Physical literacy explained 11% of incremental variance in well-being beyond demographic and behavioral covariates (beta = 0.41). Men scored marginally higher than women on both measures, educational attainment was weakly related to mental well-being but not physical literacy, and physical literacy declined modestly with age (r = -0.18). CONCLUSION: Higher physical literacy co-occurs with better mental well-being in adults and remains associated with mental well-being after adjustment for covariates, positioning it as a candidate target for adult mental health promotion. The cross-sectional design and active, educated convenience sample preclude causal and population-level inference, and independent confirmatory validation of the adapted instrument is needed before these findings are treated as more than provisional. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Orhan, Alkasasbeh, Karacam, Branquinho and Amawi. FAU - Orhan, Bekir Erhan AU - Orhan BE AD - Faculty of Sports Sciences, Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Alkasasbeh, Walaa Jumah AU - Alkasasbeh WJ AD - Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Sport Science, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan. FAU - Karacam, Aydin AU - Karacam A AD - Faculty of Sport Sciences, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, Balikesir, Turkiye. FAU - Branquinho, Luis AU - Branquinho L AD - Biosciences School of Elvas, Polytechnic University of Portalegre, Elvas, Portugal. AD - Life Quality Research Center (LQRC-CIEQV), Santarem, Portugal. AD - Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, Covilha, Portugal. AD - Centro De Investigacao Do Instituto Superior De Ciencia Educativas (CI-ISCE), Penafiel, Portugal. FAU - Amawi, Adam Tawfiq AU - Amawi AT AD - Department of Movement Sciences and Sports Training, School of Sports Science, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260717 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Psychol JT - Frontiers in psychology JID - 101550902 PMC - PMC13423689 OTO - NOTNLM OT - health promotion OT - mental well-being OT - physical activity OT - physical literacy OT - self-determination theory OT - sustainable health COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The reviewer AR declared a past collaboration with the authors BO and LB to the handling editor. The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision. EDAT- 2026/08/02 00:30 MHDA- 2026/08/02 00:31 PMCR- 2026/07/17 CRDT- 2026/08/01 06:07 PHST- 2026/06/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/02 00:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/02 00:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/01 06:07 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1908692 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Psychol. 2026 Jul 17;17:1908692. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1908692. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42539320 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260801 LR - 20260813 IS - 2688-4844 (Electronic) IS - 2688-4844 (Linking) VI - 7 DP - 2026 Jan-Dec TI - Obesity among Obstetrical Patients Seeking Care in a Safety Net Hospital: The Impact of Adverse Childhood Events. PG - 26884844261445331 LID - 10.1177/26884844261445331 [doi] LID - 26884844261445331 AB - OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of obesity among a cohort of pregnant patients with high compared with low adverse childhood events scores. STUDY DESIGN DESCRIPTIVE STUDY METHODS: The study was part of a large study of adverse childhood events among pregnant women seeking care in a safety net hospital from June 2022 to June 2023. The patients were seen in a variety of settings (a routine prenatal clinic, a high-risk clinic, an antepartum testing unit, an obstetrical ultrasound unit, and a labor and delivery suite). They were randomly approached and asked to complete a previously validated questionnaire for their Adverse Childhood Experience score (ACE score). Their body mass index (BMI) on their first visit was recorded. BMI was categorized as overweight (BMI > 25), class I obesity (BMI > 30), class II obesity (BMI > 35), and class III obesity (BMI > 40). This study was approved by the Valleywise Institutional Review Board. RESULTS: Three hundred and forty-nine patients were approached and 320 agreed to complete the questionnaire. Eighty percent of patients had an initial prenatal visit BMI >25 and 62% had an initial BMI that was categorized as obese. Patients with a high ACEs score were more likely to have a BMI in the obese category compared with those in the low-risk group with an odds ratio of 1.34 (95% CI [0.7907-2.2798], p = 0.275). CONCLUSION: Maternal obesity is a well-known risk factor for numerous adverse obstetrical and neonatal outcomes. While the CDC reported a national prepregnancy obesity rate of 29.0% in 2019, our patients were 2.14 times more likely to be obese. Obesity was more prevalent in women with high ACEs scores. Safety net hospitals should be cognizant of marked increase in obesity in their obstetrical patients, especially those with high ACEs scores, and develop interventions that incorporate trauma-informed care. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. Published by Mary Ann Liebert (NY), LLC. FAU - Goforth, Michelle AU - Goforth M AD - University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona, USA. FAU - Brady, Sarah R AU - Brady SR AD - University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona, USA. FAU - Chambliss, Linda R AU - Chambliss LR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1518-9240 AD - University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona, USA. AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Phoenix Regional Campus, Nebraska, USA. AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Valleywise Health Center, Phoenix, Arizona, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260531 PL - United States TA - Womens Health Rep (New Rochelle) JT - Women's health reports (New Rochelle, N.Y.) JID - 101768931 PMC - PMC13421971 OTO - NOTNLM OT - ACES score OT - adverse childhood events OT - childhood trauma OT - obesity OT - pregnancy COIS- No competing financial interests exist. EDAT- 2026/08/01 06:35 MHDA- 2026/08/01 06:36 PMCR- 2026/05/31 CRDT- 2026/08/01 06:01 PHST- 2025/12/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/01 06:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/01 06:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/01 06:01 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1177_26884844261445331 [pii] AID - 10.1177/26884844261445331 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Womens Health Rep (New Rochelle). 2026 May 31;7:26884844261445331. doi: 10.1177/26884844261445331. eCollection 2026 Jan-Dec. PMID- 42538742 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260801 LR - 20260813 IS - 2090-2735 (Electronic) IS - 2090-2727 (Print) IS - 2090-2727 (Linking) VI - 2026 IP - 1 DP - 2026 TI - Associations Between Potential Listeria monocytogenes Exposure During Pregnancy and Infant Outcomes at Birth and Infant Delivery Resource Use: A Cross-Sectional Analysis in Australian Women. PG - e7824916 LID - 10.1155/jp/7824916 [doi] LID - 7824916 AB - Pregnant women are at higher risk of contracting listeriosis, which can lead to serious perinatal complications. This study evaluated associations between Listeria monocytogenes exposure, infant perinatal outcomes, and hospital resource use in a cohort of 1604 Australian mother-infant dyads. Maternal L. monocytogenes exposure was estimated from self-reported intake of foods from a validated food frequency questionnaire that potentially harbor L. monocytogenes. Infant outcomes obtained from hospital medical records included birth mode, preterm birth, birthweight, and admission to special care nursery (SCN)/neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Infant hospital resource use was measured by infant length of stay (LOS), LOS in SCN/NICU, and days excluding SCN/NICU. Multinomial, negative binomial, and hurdle models, were performed to examine Listeria Food Exposure Score (LFES) associations with infant outcomes, total LOS, and LOS excluding and within SCN/NICU. All models were adjusted for covariates including smoking, parity, maternal age, BMI, and SEIFA IRSAD decile. Mean (SD) maternal age was 32.0 (5.0) years, and median (IQR) gestation was 39.0 (38.1, 40.0) weeks. Although adjusted results showed a statistically significant association between LFES and reduced infant LOS excluding SCN/NICU (beta = 0.99; 95% CI: 0.979, 0.998, p < 0.03), the effect size was minimal, with minor clinical significance. There were no significant associations with infant birth mode, preterm birth, low birthweight, size for gestational age, macrosomia, admission to NICU/SCN, total LOS in hospital, and SCN/NICU (all p > 0.05). Future research should explore these associations among ethnically diverse women at earlier stage of pregnancy and include the assessment of food safety practices in the analyses. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Kee June Ooi et al. Journal of Pregnancy published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Ooi, Kee June AU - Ooi KJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1564-9799 AD - School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia, ncl.ac.uk. AD - Nutrition and Metabolic Health Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia, hmri.com.au. FAU - Fenton, Sasha AU - Fenton S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4611-5810 AD - School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia, ncl.ac.uk. AD - Nutrition and Metabolic Health Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia, hmri.com.au. FAU - Taylor, Rachael AU - Taylor R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1895-4123 AD - School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia, ncl.ac.uk. AD - Nutrition and Metabolic Health Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia, hmri.com.au. FAU - Hinwood, Madeleine AU - Hinwood M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2225-973X AD - Data Science, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia, hmri.com.au. AD - School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia, ncl.ac.uk. FAU - Pannu, Poonam Kaur AU - Pannu PK AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-0724-4683 AD - The Kids Research Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia. AD - Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia, curtin.edu.au. FAU - Hutchesson, Melinda AU - Hutchesson M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1851-0661 AD - School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia, ncl.ac.uk. AD - Nutrition and Metabolic Health Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia, hmri.com.au. FAU - Collins, Clare E AU - Collins CE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3298-756X AD - School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia, ncl.ac.uk. AD - Nutrition and Metabolic Health Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia, hmri.com.au. LA - eng GR - Commonwealth Government of Australia/ GR - Paul Ramsay Foundation/ GR - Joondalup Health Campus/ GR - Telethon Perth Children's Hospital Research Fund/ GR - Hunter Medical Research Institute/ GR - APP2009340/National Health and Medical Research Council/ PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - J Pregnancy JT - Journal of pregnancy JID - 101553823 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Adult MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Listeria monocytogenes MH - Australia/epidemiology MH - *Listeriosis/epidemiology MH - *Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/epidemiology/microbiology MH - Pregnancy Outcome/epidemiology MH - Premature Birth/epidemiology MH - Length of Stay/statistics & numerical data MH - Intensive Care Units, Neonatal/statistics & numerical data MH - Birth Weight PMC - PMC13428182 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Listeria monocytogenes OT - ORIGINS OT - birth outcomes OT - hospital resource use OT - infant outcomes OT - listeriosis COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/01 06:35 MHDA- 2026/08/01 06:36 PMCR- 2026/07/31 CRDT- 2026/08/01 02:02 PHST- 2026/02/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/04/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/01 06:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/01 06:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/01 02:02 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JP7824916 [pii] AID - 10.1155/jp/7824916 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Pregnancy. 2026;2026(1):e7824916. doi: 10.1155/jp/7824916. PMID- 42538677 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260801 LR - 20260801 IS - 2146-8427 (Electronic) IS - 1304-0855 (Linking) VI - 24 IP - Suppl 2 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Preoperative Nutritional Indices Predicting Delayed Graft Function in Pediatric Kidney Transplantation. PG - 177-182 LID - 10.6002/ect.MESOT2025.O61 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: The Prognostic Nutritional Index, which combines serum albumin and lymphocyte count, captures protein reserves and immune competence in a single, easily obtained metric. Whether this index can predict delayed graft function among pediatric kidney transplant recipients has not been thoroughly evaluated. Here, we examined whether use of this index pretransplant can predict delayed graft function in this population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed children (aged 1 -18 years )who received kidney transplants at Baskent University Hospital from January 2013 to December 2024. Patients were stratified by delayed graft function status. We collected recipient and donor demographics, clinical characteristics, and routine preoperative laboratory values. The Prognostic Nutritional Index and other inflammatory indices (neutrophil -to -lymphocyte ratio, platelet -to -lymphocyte ratio, and systemic inflammatory index derived from the same preoperative blood counts ) were calculated. RESULTS: Twenty -eight of 162 children (17.3 % ) experienced delayed graft function. In regression analysis, each 1 -point increase in the Prognostic Nutritional Index, which reflects better nutritional and immune status, was linked to an 8 % lower chance of developing delayed graft function (odds ratio 0.92; 95 % CI, 0.85 -0.99; P = .042 ). Higher neutrophil -to -lymphocyte ratio indicated significantly greater risk of delayed graft function (odds ratio 1.30; 95 % CI, 1.05 -1.61; P = .016 ), and a 1 -unit rise in the platelet -to -lymphocyte ratio provided a small but meaningful protective effect (odds ratio 0.99; 95 % CI, 0.993 -0.999; P = .041 ). Higher systemic inflammatory index indicated a slightly lower risk of delayed graft function (odds ratio 0.9997 /unit increase; P =.049 ). Recipient characteristics did not differ between those with and without delayed graft function. CONCLUSIONS: Among the study patients, the Prognostic Nutritional Index emerged as a strong predictor of delayed graft function. Integrating this index with simple inflammatory indices into preoperative assessments may enable early identification of high -risk children, inform donor selection, and guide perioperative management to improve graft outcomes. FAU - Siddiqui, Meraj Alam AU - Siddiqui MA AD - From the Department of Pediatrics,Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkiye, and Lister Hospital, East and North Hertfordshire Teaching NHS Trust, United Kingdom. FAU - Baskin, Esra AU - Baskin E FAU - Aksoy, Ozlem Yuksel AU - Aksoy OY FAU - Akdeniz, Alara AU - Akdeniz A FAU - Okyay, Ozan AU - Okyay O FAU - Safak, Adem AU - Safak A FAU - Karakaya, Emre AU - Karakaya E FAU - Haberal, Mehmet AU - Haberal M LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - Turkey TA - Exp Clin Transplant JT - Experimental and clinical transplantation : official journal of the Middle East Society for Organ Transplantation JID - 101207333 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - ZIF514RVZR (Serum Albumin, Human) RN - 0 (ALB protein, human) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Kidney Transplantation/adverse effects MH - Female MH - *Delayed Graft Function/diagnosis/etiology/physiopathology MH - *Nutritional Status MH - Child, Preschool MH - Child MH - Male MH - Risk Factors MH - *Nutrition Assessment MH - Infant MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - Time Factors MH - Adolescent MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Treatment Outcome MH - Risk Assessment MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - Age Factors MH - Lymphocyte Count MH - *Serum Albumin, Human/analysis MH - Turkey MH - Graft Survival EDAT- 2026/08/01 06:35 MHDA- 2026/08/01 06:36 CRDT- 2026/08/01 01:03 PHST- 2026/08/01 06:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/01 06:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/01 01:03 [entrez] AID - 10.6002/ect.MESOT2025.O61 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Exp Clin Transplant. 2026 Jul;24(Suppl 2):177-182. doi: 10.6002/ect.MESOT2025.O61. PMID- 42537543 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260825 LR - 20260825 IS - 1873-1244 (Electronic) IS - 0899-9007 (Linking) VI - 151 DP - 2026 Nov TI - Total energy expenditure and its components in healthy young adults from Southwest China using doubly labeled water, indirect calorimetry, accelerometry, and energy intake. PG - 113350 LID - S0899-9007(26)00258-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.nut.2026.113350 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Energy requirement (ER) in young adults is commonly estimated from predicted resting metabolic rate (RMR) and assumed physical activity level (PAL). These assumptions may not fully reflect free-living total energy expenditure (TEE) in healthy young adults from Southwest China with low-activity daily routines. OBJECTIVE: This study compared doubly labeled water (DLW)-measured TEE with factorial TEE based on measured RMR and with equation-estimated TEE, interpreted as estimated ER, derived from Chinese and FAO/WHO/UNU RMR prediction equations. Measured and predicted RMR, TEE partitioning, and energy intake-TEE agreement were also examined. METHODS: Twenty healthy adults aged 18-30 years from Southwest China completed a 7-d free-living assessment. TEE was measured using DLW, and RMR was measured by indirect calorimetry. Physical activity was assessed using triaxial accelerometry with activity records. Dietary intake was measured using the duplicate-portion method and laboratory analysis. PAL was calculated as TEE/RMR, and thermic effect of food (TEF) was estimated by difference. Agreement was further evaluated using Bland-Altman analysis. RESULTS: DLW-measured TEE was 2039.63 +/- 304.43 kcal/d and did not differ significantly from factorial TEE or equation-estimated TEE derived using the Chinese and FAO/WHO/UNU equations. However, Chinese equation-predicted RMR was significantly lower than measured RMR (1584.29 +/- 232.97 kcal/d, p < 0.05), whereas FAO/WHO/UNU-predicted RMR was comparable with measured RMR. Measured PAL was low (1.29 +/- 0.12), and RMR, physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE), and TEF accounted for 78.0%, 12.9%, and 9.1% of TEE, respectively. Energy intake was broadly comparable with DLW-measured TEE at the group level, although Bland-Altman analysis indicated individual-level variability. CONCLUSIONS: Equation-estimated TEE, interpreted as estimated ER, was broadly comparable with DLW-measured TEE at the group level. However, this apparent agreement depended on both RMR prediction and PAL assumptions. The findings support component-based evaluation of ER in young Chinese adults, with attention to RMR, PAL, PAEE, TEF, FQ, and energy balance. CI - Copyright (c) 2026. Published by Elsevier Inc. FAU - Nie, Xiangzhen AU - Nie X AD - School of Food and Health, Guilin Tourism University, Guilin, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Large-Scale Preparation, Nutrition and Hygiene of Guangxi Cuisine, Guilin, Guangxi, China. FAU - Liu, Ronghan AU - Liu R AD - School of Food and Health, Guilin Tourism University, Guilin, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Large-Scale Preparation, Nutrition and Hygiene of Guangxi Cuisine, Guilin, Guangxi, China. FAU - Yan, Xiantao AU - Yan X AD - Guangdong Key Laboratory of Functional Substances and Health Products from Medicinal Edible Resources, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, Guangdong, China. Electronic address: yanyang214@126.com. FAU - Tian, Ying AU - Tian Y AD - School of Basic Medical Sciences & School of Public Health, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Al-Dalali, Sam AU - Al-Dalali S AD - School of Food and Health, Guilin Tourism University, Guilin, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Large-Scale Preparation, Nutrition and Hygiene of Guangxi Cuisine, Guilin, Guangxi, China. FAU - Jiang, Mengchao AU - Jiang M AD - School of Food and Health, Guilin Tourism University, Guilin, Guangxi, China. FAU - Ni, Xinling AU - Ni X AD - School of Food and Health, Guilin Tourism University, Guilin, Guangxi, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260703 PL - United States TA - Nutrition JT - Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) JID - 8802712 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Energy Metabolism/physiology MH - Calorimetry, Indirect/methods MH - Adult MH - Young Adult MH - Female MH - *Energy Intake/physiology MH - China MH - Basal Metabolism MH - Adolescent MH - Male MH - Accelerometry/methods MH - Exercise MH - Nutritional Requirements OTO - NOTNLM OT - Calorimetry OT - Energy intake OT - Energy metabolism OT - Resting metabolic rate OT - Validation studies OT - Young adults OT - indirect COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/08/01 00:36 MHDA- 2026/08/25 23:33 CRDT- 2026/07/31 18:07 PHST- 2026/05/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/25 23:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/01 00:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/31 18:07 [entrez] AID - S0899-9007(26)00258-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.nut.2026.113350 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nutrition. 2026 Nov;151:113350. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2026.113350. Epub 2026 Jul 3. PMID- 42537500 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260826 LR - 20260826 IS - 1879-0739 (Electronic) IS - 0271-5317 (Linking) VI - 153 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Moderate MIND diet adherence and positive correlation between weekly egg intake and skin carotenoid scores in college students. PG - 78-85 LID - S0271-5317(26)00086-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.nutres.2026.07.003 [doi] AB - Adherence to the Mediterranean-DASH diet intervention for neurodegenerative delay (MIND) diet, which emphasizes fruit and vegetables and thereby carotenoid intake, is associated with better cognitive health in older adults. However, as neurodegeneration is thought to progress over decades, adopting such a dietary pattern in young adulthood may help prevent its initiation and progression. The aim of this study was to determine whether scores on the MIND diet screener predict skin carotenoid scores in college students, as a measure of construct validity. Participants completed a modified 14-item MIND diet screener and an item on weekly egg intake. Skin carotenoids were assessed using pressure-mediated reflective spectroscopy by Veggie Meter, and the data were analyzed using Pearson correlations. Participants (n = 293; 62.5% female; 20.0 +/- 2.0 years) scored 8.3 +/- 2.1 on the screener, indicating suboptimal adherence to the MIND dietary pattern, and skin carotenoid scores averaged 305 +/- 90. MIND diet screener score predicted skin carotenoid score (r = 0.327; CI 0.220-0.425; P < .001), strengthened by adding the egg intake item (r = 0.353; CI 0.249-0.450; P < .001), and was highest in those consuming >/=7 eggs/wk (r = 0.50). Two dietary patterns emerged from clustering analysis, differentiated by intakes of leafy greens, other vegetables, berries, beans, and nuts. In conclusion, the MIND diet screener score predicts skin carotenoid content in young adults, supporting the tool's validity; however, frequent egg intake strongly moderated the relationship. Egg intake should be considered when interpreting skin carotenoid scores and included in future iterations of the MIND diet screener. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Hill, Chloe AU - Hill C AD - Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. FAU - Foster, Victoria R AU - Foster VR AD - Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. FAU - Patel, Arya B AU - Patel AB AD - Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. FAU - Ribay, Gabriel D AU - Ribay GD AD - Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. FAU - Sadlo, Margaret K AU - Sadlo MK AD - Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. FAU - Senthilkumar, Neha AU - Senthilkumar N AD - Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. FAU - Moreno, Melissa L AU - Moreno ML AD - Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. FAU - Colee, James AU - Colee J AD - Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS) Statistics Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. FAU - Dahl, Wendy J AU - Dahl WJ AD - Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. Electronic address: wdahl@ufl.edu. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260708 PL - United States TA - Nutr Res JT - Nutrition research (New York, N.Y.) JID - 8303331 RN - 36-88-4 (Carotenoids) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Carotenoids/analysis MH - Male MH - *Skin/chemistry MH - Students MH - *Eggs MH - Young Adult MH - *Diet, Mediterranean MH - Vegetables MH - Fruit MH - Universities MH - Adolescent MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Adult MH - Diet MH - *Patient Compliance OTO - NOTNLM OT - Carotenoids OT - Diet OT - Diet surveys OT - Egg yolk OT - Mediterranean-DASH diet intervention for neurodegenerative delay OT - Plant-based OT - Reflection spectroscopy COIS- Author declarations All authors declare that the research was conducted without commercial or financial relationships and that there is no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/01 00:36 MHDA- 2026/08/26 23:35 CRDT- 2026/07/31 18:06 PHST- 2026/02/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/26 23:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/01 00:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/31 18:06 [entrez] AID - S0271-5317(26)00086-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.nutres.2026.07.003 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nutr Res. 2026 Sep;153:78-85. doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2026.07.003. Epub 2026 Jul 8. PMID- 42536949 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260731 LR - 20260731 IS - 0043-5147 (Print) IS - 0043-5147 (Linking) VI - 79 IP - 6 DP - 2026 TI - Diagnostic value of lateral cephalometric parameters in determining vertical and horizontal maxillofacial growth patterns. PG - 1312-1322 LID - 10.36740/WLek/222584 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Aim: To assess the diagnostic value of qualitative and quantitative lateral cephalometric parameters in determining vertical, horizontal, and neutral maxillofacial growth patterns in patients with orthodontic pathology. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: The study included 292 lateral cephalograms of patients aged 5 to 50 years who sought orthodontic consultation. Eleven quantitative cephalometric parameters were analysed in the full sample. In a randomised subgroup of 160 cephalograms, seven additional qualitative parameters were assessed. Growth pattern determination was performed using an integrated approach based on the absolute majority of diagnostic signs. In addition, 134 cephalograms were independently evaluated by 34 orthodontic trainees using qualitative characteristics only. The diagnostic performance of each parameter was assessed using balanced accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value. RESULTS: Results: Among 292 patients, 121 had a neutral growth pattern, 103 a vertical pattern, and 68 a horizontal pattern. Evaluation based only on qualitative signs resulted in correct classification in 60.45% of cases on average. Among quantitative parameters, angleN-Go-Me demonstrated the highest diagnostic performance, with a positive predictive value of 82.9%, followed by angleAr-Go-Me and anglePn-MP. Among qualitative parameters, the mandibular angle, condylar process height, and contour of the lower mandibular border showed the highest diagnostic value. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Quantitative cephalometric parameters, particularly angleN-Go-Me, are more diagnostically reliable than isolated qualitative assessment for determining maxillofacial growth patterns. A combined approach may improve diagnostic accuracy in orthodontic treatment planning. FAU - Drohomyretska, Myroslava S AU - Drohomyretska MS AD - SHUPYK NATIONAL HEALTHCARE UNIVERSITY OF UKRAINE, KYIV, UKRAINE. FAU - Tkachenko, Yulia V AU - Tkachenko YV AD - SHUPYK NATIONAL HEALTHCARE UNIVERSITY OF UKRAINE, KYIV, UKRAINE. FAU - Garmash, Olga V AU - Garmash OV AD - KHARKIV NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, KHARKIV, UKRAINE. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - Poland TA - Wiad Lek JT - Wiadomosci lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland : 1960) JID - 9705467 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Cephalometry/methods MH - Female MH - Child MH - *Maxillofacial Development/physiology MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - Child, Preschool MH - Young Adult MH - Sensitivity and Specificity OTO - NOTNLM OT - cephalometry OT - craniofacial growth OT - orthodontics OT - vertical dimension EDAT- 2026/07/31 18:35 MHDA- 2026/07/31 18:36 CRDT- 2026/07/31 15:42 PHST- 2026/07/31 18:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/31 18:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/31 15:42 [entrez] AID - 10.36740/WLek/222584 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Wiad Lek. 2026;79(6):1312-1322. doi: 10.36740/WLek/222584. PMID- 42536608 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260731 LR - 20260813 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 7 DP - 2026 TI - Applications of the Behavior Change Wheel in promoting physical activity among children and adolescents: A scoping review. PG - e0354697 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0354697 [doi] LID - e0354697 AB - BACKGROUND: Physical inactivity among children and adolescents remains a major global public health concern, yet the ways in which behavioral theory is applied to inform physical activity (PA) interventions are often insufficiently described. The Behavior Change Wheel (BCW) model provides a systematic framework for linking behavioral determinants to intervention content, but its application in PA promotion for this population has not been comprehensively mapped. METHODS: This scoping review was conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and reported following the PRISMA-ScR guideline. Seven electronic databases were searched for studies published since 2011 that explicitly applied the BCW to promote PA among children and adolescents. Data were charted on study characteristics, targeted components of the Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation-Behavior (COM-B) model, BCW intervention functions, behavior change techniques, and implementation outcomes. RESULTS: Fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Most applications focused on intervention development, co-design, or feasibility rather than effectiveness evaluation. Psychological capability and reflective motivation were the most frequently targeted COM-B components, and education, training, and enablement were the dominant intervention functions. Commonly used behavior change techniques included goal setting, action planning, self-monitoring, feedback, and social support. Functions involving coercion or restriction were rarely used. Reporting of implementation outcomes was inconsistent, with limited attention to reach, penetration, and sustainability. CONCLUSIONS: In studies using the BCW framework, PA interventions for children and adolescents predominantly emphasize individual-level self-regulation strategies, with less focus on opportunity-level change and implementation sustainability. Greater transparency in theoretical mapping and stronger integration of implementation considerations are needed to enhance the translation of theory-based interventions into practice. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Huang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Huang, Zheng AU - Huang Z AD - Department of Physical Education, Changzhou Institute of Technology, Changzhou, China. FAU - Fang, Shuguang AU - Fang S AD - Department of Physical Education, Changzhou Institute of Technology, Changzhou, China. FAU - Peng, Sanying AU - Peng S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6007-7403 AD - Department of Physical Education, Hohai University, Nanjing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Scoping Review DEP - 20260731 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - *Health Promotion/methods MH - Motivation MH - *Health Behavior PMC - PMC13426998 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/07/31 18:35 MHDA- 2026/07/31 18:36 PMCR- 2026/07/31 CRDT- 2026/07/31 13:24 PHST- 2026/01/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/31 18:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/31 18:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/31 13:24 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-26-02954 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0354697 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 Jul 31;21(7):e0354697. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0354697. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42534148 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260923 IS - 1091-367X (Print) IS - 1532-7841 (Electronic) IS - 1091-367X (Linking) DP - 2026 Jul 16 TI - Measurement Reactivity to Hip-Worn Accelerometry Among Adolescent Females: A Concurrent Wear Approach. LID - 10.1080/1091367x.2026.2704743 [doi] AB - Device-based measurement of physical activity (PA) is crucial for valid research, but reactivity to these devices can undermine validity. Inconsistent findings in prior reactivity research warrant unique approaches among diverse populations, including those habituated to wearing another device. We aimed to estimate reactivity to ActiGraph GT3X+ via concurrent Fitbit Inspire HR wear among Latina adolescents using a person-day matched cross-sectional design. Fitbit data estimated steps, moderate-vigorous PA, light PA, and sedentary time for all days in the 2 weeks preceding and following matched ActiGraph wear days. Linear models estimated the association of ActiGraph wear day with activity after adjustment for covariates. There were 2987 total days across 107 participants, ~35% classified as ActiGraph wear days. Steps statistically significantly differed (p = .0499) with ActiGraph wear days corresponding to 248 greater average steps. Measurement reactivity to ActiGraph may impact steps among adolescent females. Future research could benefit from concurrent wear strategies if feasible. FAU - Carson, Jacob AU - Carson J AD - Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA. FAU - Castro, Esmeralda AU - Castro E AD - Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA. FAU - Higgins, Michael AU - Higgins M AD - EPARC, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA. FAU - Godino, Job AU - Godino J AD - Laura Rodriguez Research Institute, Family Health Centers of San Diego, San Diego, California, USA. FAU - Larsen, Britta AU - Larsen B AD - Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA. LA - eng GR - R01 NR017876/NR/NINR NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 HL079891/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260716 PL - United States TA - Meas Phys Educ Exerc Sci JT - Measurement in physical education and exercise science JID - 100893864 PMC - PMC13419367 MID - NIHMS2196539 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Physical activity OT - accelerometry OT - consumer wearables OT - free-living activity OT - pedometry COIS- Disclosure statement No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s). EDAT- 2026/07/31 06:36 MHDA- 2026/07/31 06:36 PMCR- 2026/07/31 CRDT- 2026/07/31 05:15 PHST- 2026/07/31 06:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/31 06:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/31 05:15 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1080/1091367x.2026.2704743 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Meas Phys Educ Exerc Sci. 2026 Jul 16:10.1080/1091367x.2026.2704743. doi: 10.1080/1091367x.2026.2704743. PMID- 42533645 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260731 IS - 1753-4887 (Electronic) IS - 0029-6643 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jul 30 TI - Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Micronutrient Status Throughout the Life Course: A Systematic Review. LID - nuag024 [pii] LID - 10.1093/nutrit/nuag024 [doi] AB - CONTEXT: Micronutrient deficiencies remain a significant global malnutrition issue, affecting morbidity and mortality, particularly among children and women of reproductive age. Similarly, the consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) is prevalent in the diets of various populations and is associated with poor diet quality and the development of certain diseases. Determining whether dietary patterns involving UPFs contribute to this health burden is crucial for understanding how to promote prevention and achieve complete nutritional recovery. OBJECTIVE: To identify the influence of UPFs on micronutrients status at different stages of life. DATA SOURCES: Studies with information on biomarkers of vitamins, minerals, and/or trace elements and UPFs consumption were searched in the PubMed/MEDLINE, LILACS/SciELO, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases on August 24, 2024, and repeated in July 2025. DATA EXTRACTION: Three researchers participated in the screening and data extraction, 2 other verified the accuracy of data extraction from eligible studies. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed with the JBI critical appraisal checklist. CONCLUSION: The search strategy resulted in 377 studies and only 4 cross-sectional studies were eligible, conducted in children, pregnant women, and lactating women with different vitamins and minerals. Among the findings, greater inclusion of UPFs in the diet was associated with lower levels of carotenoids, vitamin A, vitamin E, molybdenum, and selenium, and higher concentrations of gamma-tocopherol, potassium, and sodium-common micronutrients in UPFs. In children, findings on the association between UPFs consumption and anemia have been conflicting. Despite the scarcity and limitation of study designs, further research is essential to investigate and comprehend the relationship of UPFs on micronutrient deficiency due to the increasing prevalence of UPFs in diets and its significant health implications. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO registration No. CRD42023488818. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the International Life Sciences Institute. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site-for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com. FAU - Oliveira Lopes, Rayanne AU - Oliveira Lopes R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9192-3876 AD - Post-Graduate Program in Nutrition, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. FAU - de Franca, Rayane Felipe AU - de Franca RF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0007-7484 AD - Post-Graduate Program in Nutrition, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. FAU - de Oliveira Araujo, Maria Eliones AU - de Oliveira Araujo ME AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6741-0587 AD - Post-Graduate Program in Sciences Applied to Women's Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. FAU - Farias, Larissa Silva AU - Farias LS AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-7164-2696 AD - Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. FAU - de Souza Mendonca, Ana Karolini AU - de Souza Mendonca AK AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-7517-8368 AD - Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. FAU - Ribeiro, Karla Danielly da Silva AU - Ribeiro KDDS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2251-5967 AD - Post-Graduate Program in Nutrition, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. AD - Post-Graduate Program in Sciences Applied to Women's Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. AD - Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. LA - eng GR - Improvement of Higher Education Personnel, Brazil/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260730 PL - United States TA - Nutr Rev JT - Nutrition reviews JID - 0376405 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Nova classification OT - biomarkers OT - food consumption OT - nutritional deficiencies OT - nutritional status OT - population groups EDAT- 2026/07/31 06:37 MHDA- 2026/07/31 06:37 CRDT- 2026/07/31 03:23 PHST- 2026/07/31 06:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/31 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/31 03:23 [entrez] AID - 8747990 [pii] AID - 10.1093/nutrit/nuag024 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Nutr Rev. 2026 Jul 30:nuag024. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuag024. PMID- 42533590 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260826 LR - 20260902 IS - 1545-5017 (Electronic) IS - 1545-5009 (Linking) VI - 73 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Misperception of Body Weight After Childhood Cancer. PG - e70535 LID - 10.1002/1545-5017.70535 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Misperception of body weight can negatively impact the weight management efforts of childhood cancer survivors (CCSs). Both being overweight or underweight are associated with chronic health conditions commonly observed in CCS; therefore, accurate weight perception is critical for reducing long-term health risks. AIM: To assess the agreement between objectively measured body mass index (BMI) and self-perceived body weight in adult CCS, and to identify predictors of BMI underestimation and overestimation. METHODS: In this prospective, multicenter cohort study, we invited CCS aged >/=18 years, diagnosed <20 years, who had survived >/=5 years post-diagnosis. Participants were treated between 1976 and 2018 with chemotherapy and/or heart-related radiotherapy (RT). Trained medical staff measured height and weight and assessed body weight perception using pictorial images. We evaluated agreement between actual BMI and perceived weight status using Cohen's Kappa (k) and analyzed predictors of misperception with multivariable multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS: We included 492 CCS (median age: 32 years, interquartile range [IQR]: 25‒39). Median BMI was 23.8 kg/m(2) (IQR: 21.6‒27.1); 4% were underweight, 30% overweight, and 10% obese 25 years after diagnosis. BMI and weight perception agreement was moderate (k = 0.46, p < 0.001). Among overweight CCS, 37% underestimated their weight. Among both under and overweight CCS, 25% overestimated their weight. Overestimation was more likely among former smokers (odd ratio [OR] = 2.52, 95%CI = 1.31; 4.88), those with multiple chronic health conditions (2.49, 1.13; 5.46), and those who received cranial radiation (2.06, 1.10; 3.83). CONCLUSIONS: Identifying and addressing weight misperception, especially in CCS with chronic health conditions and after cranial radiation, could improve weight management strategies. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Pediatric Blood & Cancer published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Belle, Fabien N AU - Belle FN AD - Childhood Cancer Research Group, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. FAU - Slama, Tomas AU - Slama T AD - Childhood Cancer Research Group, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. FAU - Haegler-Laube, Eva AU - Haegler-Laube E AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cantonal Hospital Baden, Baden, Switzerland. FAU - Kurmann, Reto D AU - Kurmann RD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6273-0880 AD - Division of Cardiology, Heart Center, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland. FAU - Kuster, Gabriela M AU - Kuster GM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8209-4631 AD - Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland. FAU - Saner, Christoph AU - Saner C AD - Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Children;s Hospital Bern, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland. FAU - Scheler, Eva AU - Scheler E AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-0674-7561 AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Hospital of St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland. FAU - Shoman, Yara AU - Shoman Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5331-4535 AD - Childhood Cancer Research Group, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. FAU - Schindera, Christina AU - Schindera C AD - Childhood Cancer Research Group, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. AD - Division of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, University Children's Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. LA - eng GR - Kinderkrebshilfe Schweiz/ GR - Stiftung fur krebskranke Kinder - Regio Basiliensis/ GR - KFS-6351-02-2025-R/Swiss Cancer Research Foundation/ GR - KFS-6069-02-2024/Swiss Cancer Research Foundation/ GR - 10.007.011/SNSF_/Swiss National Science Foundation/Switzerland PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study DEP - 20260730 PL - United States TA - Pediatr Blood Cancer JT - Pediatric blood & cancer JID - 101186624 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Child MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - *Body Image/psychology MH - Body Mass Index MH - *Body Weight MH - *Cancer Survivors/psychology MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - *Neoplasms/therapy/psychology MH - *Overweight/psychology MH - Prognosis MH - Prospective Studies MH - *Thinness/psychology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Switzerland OT - childhood cancer OT - obesity OT - pediatric OT - survivorship OT - underweight EDAT- 2026/07/31 06:36 MHDA- 2026/08/26 17:36 CRDT- 2026/07/31 02:53 PHST- 2026/06/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/26 17:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/31 06:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/31 02:53 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/1545-5017.70535 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2026 Sep;73(9):e70535. doi: 10.1002/1545-5017.70535. Epub 2026 Jul 30. PMID- 42533515 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260731 LR - 20260731 IS - 1899-5276 (Print) IS - 1899-5276 (Linking) VI - 35 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Family and dietary risk factors associated with childhood sleep disorders: Evidence from a cross-sectional study in China. PG - 1235-1245 LID - 10.17219/acem/212573 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Childhood sleep disorders are common and are associated with familyand diet-related factors, such as parental snoring and unhealthy eating habits. However, culturally relevant studies remain limited, and existing research often overlooks weak correlations in large populations. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to identify familyand diet-related risk factors for childhood sleep disorders in a Chinese population and to provide insights for prevention. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Jinan, China, between January 2022 and December 2023, enrolling 845 children aged 1-7 years through convenience sampling. Sleep disorders were defined based on parent-reported symptoms (mouth breathing, habitual snoring, apnea, or gasping) using a validated questionnaire. Demographic, family, and dietary factors were collected. Associations were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression with stepwise selection based on the Akaike information criterion (AIC), adjusted for age, with subgroup analyses according to age (1-3, 4-5, and 6-7 years). Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS: Among the 845 children (mean age: 5.2 years), 192 (22.7%) had sleep disorders. Multivariable analysis showed that parental snoring (father: odds ratio (OR) = 2.20, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.44-3.41; mother: OR = 1.76, 95% CI: 1.15-2.66), maternal education at the associate degree level (OR = 2.58, 95% CI: 1.27-5.66) or bachelor's degree level (OR = 2.44, 95% CI: 1.21-5.29), and children's preferences for fried foods (OR = 6.49, 95% CI: 2.51-17.40), meat (OR = 2.19, 95% CI: 1.43-3.35), and sweets (OR = 2.15, 95% CI: 1.31-3.51) were significant risk factors. Moderate sweet consumption (1-2 times/week: OR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.29-0.95; 3-5 times/week: OR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.27-0.94) was associated with a protective effect compared with daily consumption. CONCLUSIONS: Childhood sleep disorders were significantly associated with parental snoring, higher maternal educational attainment, and children's preferences for fried foods, meat, and sweets, whereas moderate sweet consumption appeared to have a protective effect. FAU - Zhang, Lifeng AU - Zhang L AD - The First College for Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China. AD - Department of Otolaryngology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Jinan, China. FAU - Chen, Xiangjing AU - Chen X AD - Department of Otolaryngology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Jinan, China. FAU - Zhang, Xin AU - Zhang X AD - Department of Otolaryngology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Jinan, China. FAU - Yan, Ya AU - Yan Y AD - The First College for Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China. FAU - Wang, Renzhong AU - Wang R AD - Department of Otolaryngology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Jinan, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - Poland TA - Adv Clin Exp Med JT - Advances in clinical and experimental medicine : official organ Wroclaw Medical University JID - 101138582 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Risk Factors MH - Female MH - *Sleep Wake Disorders/epidemiology/etiology MH - China/epidemiology MH - Child, Preschool MH - Male MH - Child MH - *Diet/adverse effects MH - Infant MH - Feeding Behavior MH - Snoring MH - Surveys and Questionnaires OTO - NOTNLM OT - childhood sleep disorders OT - dietary habits OT - maternal education OT - parental snoring OT - risk factors EDAT- 2026/07/31 06:37 MHDA- 2026/07/31 12:39 CRDT- 2026/07/31 02:02 PHST- 2025/06/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/10/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/31 12:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/31 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/31 02:02 [entrez] AID - 10.17219/acem/212573 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Adv Clin Exp Med. 2026 Jul;35(7):1235-1245. doi: 10.17219/acem/212573. PMID- 42531751 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260907 LR - 20260907 IS - 1532-8449 (Electronic) IS - 0882-5963 (Linking) VI - 90 DP - 2026 Sep-Oct TI - Ninety years apart: Comparing pediatric growth charts used in Australia in the 1930s against modern standards. PG - 782-787 LID - S0882-5963(26)00362-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.pedn.2026.07.060 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Growth charts have evolved since their introduction in the 18th century, with various organizations refining them to reflect the growth patterns of the populations they serve. In this context, this study compared growth tables published in a 1930s Australian child-health text by Dr. Isie Ross with contemporary growth charts used in pediatric practice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Values from Ross's historical growth tables were extracted and plotted against current standardized growth references for children (WHO and CDC). Both Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Bland-Altman analysis were used to assess agreement and differences between the two data sources. RESULTS: Growth patterns from the 1930s showed some similarity to those in modern charts, with relatively small variation across most age groups, suggesting broad stability in early childhood growth over time. Clinically, however, the findings indicate limited applicability of historical references for assessing overweight, with greater secular change and variability observed at the upper growth percentiles. Overall, this highlights population-level stability in growth trajectories but poor clinical interchangeability between historical and contemporary references. CONCLUSIONS: Historical growth data may be more consistent with contemporary standards than commonly assumed. Examining such texts can enhance awareness of early contributions to pediatric growth assessment and highlighting the continued relevance of foundational work in child health despite its limited clinical interchangeability with modern references. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Al-Motlaq, Mohammad A AU - Al-Motlaq MA AD - Department of Maternal Child and Family Health, Faculty of Nursing, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan. Electronic address: Mohammada_m@hu.edu.jo. FAU - Shields, Linda AU - Shields L AD - Honorary Professor, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia. Electronic address: l.e.shields@uq.edu.au. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Historical Article PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260730 PL - United States TA - J Pediatr Nurs JT - Journal of pediatric nursing JID - 8607529 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Growth Charts MH - Australia MH - Child MH - History, 20th Century MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Child Development/physiology MH - Infant MH - Female MH - Male MH - Reference Values MH - *Pediatrics/history MH - Infant, Newborn OTO - NOTNLM OT - Australia OT - Charts OT - Child health OT - Growth tables OT - History COIS- Declaration of competing interest MA is an associate editor at the JPN. EDAT- 2026/07/31 00:38 MHDA- 2026/09/07 23:34 CRDT- 2026/07/30 18:04 PHST- 2026/01/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/07 23:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/31 00:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/30 18:04 [entrez] AID - S0882-5963(26)00362-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.pedn.2026.07.060 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Pediatr Nurs. 2026 Sep-Oct;90:782-787. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2026.07.060. Epub 2026 Jul 30. PMID- 42531291 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260730 LR - 20260828 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 7 DP - 2026 TI - Resilience factors, pain, and physical activity in adolescent chronic musculoskeletal pain: Design and protocol of a pilot phase 2 single-group, non-randomized clinical trial. PG - e0353010 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0353010 [doi] LID - e0353010 AB - INTRODUCTION: Chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMSKP) in adolescence is associated with physical, psychological, social, and academic impairment and increased risk for chronic pain in adulthood. Although physical activity interventions are an evidence-based approach for managing pediatric chronic pain, many adolescents with CMSKP avoid physical activity due to fear of increased pain, low confidence in physical functioning, and other pain-avoidance behaviors. Resilience-focused interventions targeting self-efficacy, motivation, and mental flexibility may improve engagement in valued activities despite pain. This study describes the design and protocol of the Pain REsilience Promotion for Youth (PREP-Y) intervention, a resilience-focused physical activity intervention for adolescents with CMSKP. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This single-site, pilot phase 2, single-group, non-randomized clinical trial will enroll 40 adolescents aged 12-17 years with CMSKP from Nationwide Children's Hospital in Columbus, Ohio, USA. Participants complete questionnaires, objective physical functioning assessments, and physical activity monitoring using activPAL devices as baseline measures. Participants then complete 4 virtual resilience-focused intervention sessions targeting pain resilience, self-efficacy, motivation, and adaptive coping related to physical activity. Garmin watches are used to track activity during the intervention period. Follow-up assessments occur post-intervention and at 3 months post-intervention. Primary outcomes include feasibility and acceptability, assessed through recruitment, retention, attendance, intervention fidelity, and completion of study measures. Exploratory outcomes include physical activity, sedentary behavior, pain-related functioning, pain catastrophizing, kinesiophobia, self-efficacy, and resilience-related constructs. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The study was approved by the Nationwide Children's Hospital Institutional Review Board. Findings will inform a future randomized clinical trial. This manuscript reflects protocol version 5.0 dated 23 March 2026. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06923891. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Logan et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Logan, Faith AU - Logan F AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-9662-114X AD - Behavioral Trials Office, Center for Biobehavioral Health, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America. FAU - Marsh, Madeline AU - Marsh M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-4142-0119 AD - Behavioral Trials Office, Center for Biobehavioral Health, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America. FAU - Hively, Adam AU - Hively A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-0501-2887 AD - Center for Biobehavioral Health, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America. FAU - Warner, Jacqueline AU - Warner J AD - Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America. FAU - Davis, Ann AU - Davis A AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Missouri, United States of America. AD - Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles & Nutrition, Kansas City, Missouri, United States of America. FAU - Jackson, Jamie L AU - Jackson JL AD - Center for Biobehavioral Health, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America. AD - Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America. FAU - Black, William AU - Black W AD - Center for Biobehavioral Health, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT06923891 GR - K23 AR078337/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/United States PT - Clinical Trial Protocol PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260730 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - *Musculoskeletal Pain/psychology/therapy/physiopathology MH - Pilot Projects MH - Child MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Chronic Pain/psychology/therapy/physiopathology MH - Self Efficacy MH - *Resilience, Psychological MH - Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic PMC - PMC13422864 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/07/30 18:36 MHDA- 2026/07/30 18:37 PMCR- 2026/07/30 CRDT- 2026/07/30 13:44 PHST- 2026/06/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/30 18:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/30 18:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/30 13:44 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-26-29534 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0353010 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 Jul 30;21(7):e0353010. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0353010. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42531282 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260730 LR - 20260813 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 7 DP - 2026 TI - Radiographic legal age estimation based on third molar development using Machine-learning algorithms. PG - e0354704 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0354704 [doi] LID - e0354704 AB - BACKGROUND: Age assessment plays an important role in forensic sciences to aid in criminal or civil matters. Third molars continue developing during the legal age of adulthood. Dental age estimation based on radiographic examination is an operator-dependent procedure. The aim was to test the performance of supervised machine learning (SML) to classify individuals according to the threshold of 18 years using the third molar index (I3m). METHODS: Panoramic radiographs (n = 597) of 52% males and 48% females between 13 and 26 years were used. Three Convolutional Neural Networks were compared to segment the third molar. Several machine learning algorithms were tested with a 10-fold cross-validation approach to identify the best age classification algorithm. The SML age estimation model was compared to the expert. RESULTS: Attention U-Net achieved the highest segmentation scores, and the k-nearest neighbors (KNN) showed the best scores of classification algorithms. The SML (KNN) scored sensitivity = 77.77%, specificity = 96%, and AUC = 0.87 in males. In females, sensitivity = 77.4%, specificity = 86.7%, and AUC = 0.82. The expert scores were: sensitivity = 70.4%, specificity = 100%, AUC = 0.85 for male, and for female: sensitivity = 54.8%, specificity = 93.3%, AUC = 0.74. CONCLUSION: SML classified males and females below and above the legal age with high accuracy compared to manual methods. The presented work suggests that AI, using pixel-level analysis, can detect subtle cues beyond human perception. This signals a possible departure from traditional age estimation indices. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Alsufyani et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Alsufyani, Noura AU - Alsufyani N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7627-5073 AD - Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alowa, Sawsan AU - Alowa S AD - Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alrasheed, Hend AU - Alrasheed H AD - Department of Information Technology, College of Computer and Information Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alqahtani, Sakher AU - Alqahtani S AD - Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260730 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Molar, Third/diagnostic imaging/growth & development MH - *Age Determination by Teeth/methods MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - *Machine Learning MH - Young Adult MH - Algorithms MH - Adult MH - Radiography, Panoramic/methods MH - Classification Algorithms MH - Convolutional Neural Networks MH - Prediction Algorithms PMC - PMC13422845 COIS- NONE. EDAT- 2026/07/30 18:36 MHDA- 2026/07/30 18:37 PMCR- 2026/07/30 CRDT- 2026/07/30 13:44 PHST- 2025/12/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/30 18:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/30 18:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/30 13:44 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-25-62206 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0354704 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 Jul 30;21(7):e0354704. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0354704. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42531267 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260730 LR - 20260825 IS - 2767-3375 (Electronic) IS - 2767-3375 (Linking) VI - 6 IP - 7 DP - 2026 TI - Prevalence, patterns and associated behavioural risk factors of multimorbidity in rural India: Cross-sectional analysis from the Andhra Pradesh Children and Parents Study (APCAPS). PG - e0006694 LID - 10.1371/journal.pgph.0006694 [doi] LID - e0006694 AB - The prevalence of multimorbidity is projected to increase substantially in India. Previous studies have focused on urban populations and older adults, who do not represent the majority of those at risk. We aimed to estimate the prevalence and investigate patterns of multimorbidity in a rural population in India and examine their associations with four common behavioural risk factors (BRFs): daily drinking, tobacco consumption, physical inactivity, and poor sleep. This cross-sectional analysis used data of all adult participants (aged >/=18 years, mean age of 35.5 years) from the third follow-up of Andhra Pradesh Children and Parents Study (APCAPS), 2010-12. We used binary logistic regression to examine the associations between BRFs, ascertained through validated questionnaires, and the prevalence of multimorbidity, defined as having two or more of 13 common chronic conditions. We used latent class analysis (LCA) to investigate common patterns of multimorbidity, followed by multinomial logistic regression to examine their associations with BRFs (categorised as binary), adjusted for age, sex, and household socioeconomic status. Of 5332 adult participants (mean age 35.5 years, standard deviation 13.8 years) included in the analysis, 14.2% had multimorbidity, the prevalence of which increased steeply with age. Current tobacco consumption (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.23 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01-1.50]), physical inactivity (aOR: 1.66 [95% CI: 1.38-1.99]), and poor sleep (aOR: 1.86 [95% CI: 1.35-2.57]) were associated with higher odds of having multimorbidity. We found one multimorbidity pattern of "anaemia and hypertension" (n = 220, 4.1%). Physical inactivity (aOR: 2.07 [95% CI: 1.52-2.82]) was associated with higher odds of having this multimorbidity pattern, with no associations found for the other BRFs. The BRFs identified, notably physical activity, could present important opportunities for intervention to reduce the burden of multimorbidity in India. Longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these relationships. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Song et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Song, Wenbo AU - Song W AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1588-8597 AD - Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom. AD - School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan. AD - Department of Methodology, London School of Economics & Political Science, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Lieber, Judith AU - Lieber J AD - Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Yamanashi, Hirotomo AU - Yamanashi H AD - School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan. AD - Department of General Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan. FAU - Matsuzaki, Mika AU - Matsuzaki M AD - Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America. FAU - Lewin, Alex AU - Lewin A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0081-7582 AD - Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Gittelsohn, Joel AU - Gittelsohn J AD - Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America. FAU - Hazell, Matthew AU - Hazell M AD - Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Banjara, Santosh Kumar AU - Banjara SK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0893-9552 AD - Indian Council of Medical Research - National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India. FAU - Mahajan, Hemant AU - Mahajan H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7874-9191 AD - Indian Council of Medical Research - National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India. FAU - Bhogadi, Santhi AU - Bhogadi S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7713-8804 AD - Indian Institute of Public Health, Bengaluru, India. FAU - Addanki, Srivalli AU - Addanki S AD - Indian Institute of Public Health, Bengaluru, India. FAU - Kurmi, Om AU - Kurmi O AD - Centre for Healthcare and Communities, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom. FAU - Iyer, Gowri AU - Iyer G AD - Indian Institute of Public Health, Bengaluru, India. FAU - Kamalakannan, Sureshkumar AU - Kamalakannan S AD - Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom. AD - School of Communities and Education, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom. FAU - Sadanand, Shilpa AU - Sadanand S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2097-2187 AD - Indian Institute of Public Health, Bengaluru, India. FAU - Kulkarni, Bharati AU - Kulkarni B AD - Indian Council of Medical Research - National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India. AD - Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India. FAU - Kinra, Sanjay AU - Kinra S AD - Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Mallinson, Poppy A C AU - Mallinson PAC AD - Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom. LA - eng GR - WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260730 PL - United States TA - PLOS Glob Public Health JT - PLOS global public health JID - 9918283779606676 PMC - PMC13422877 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/07/30 18:36 MHDA- 2026/07/30 18:37 PMCR- 2026/07/30 CRDT- 2026/07/30 13:43 PHST- 2025/08/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/30 18:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/30 18:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/30 13:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PGPH-D-25-01731 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pgph.0006694 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLOS Glob Public Health. 2026 Jul 30;6(7):e0006694. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0006694. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42530761 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260928 LR - 20261008 IS - 1613-9674 (Electronic) IS - 0911-6028 (Linking) VI - 42 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Application of a novel age estimation model based on permanent maxillary canine morphometric features in a Japanese population. PG - 1121-1131 LID - 10.1007/s11282-026-00952-4 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: This study aims to clarify the growth curves of the long axis and apical foramen diameter of permanent maxillary canines (PMCs), and to create and evaluate a new nonlinear age estimation (NAGE) model by integrating their inverse functions within a machine learning framework. METHODS: CT measurements of length (L), apical shortest width (SW) and longest width (LW) were obtained from 726 PMCs (aged 1 to 23 years). Growth curves were modeled using Gompertz function for L and Gamma-type function for SW and LW. Inverse functions were integrated into the NAGE model: [Formula: see text]. Parameters were optimized using Soft-L1 robust least squares (SciPy, NumFOCUS, USA). Validation applied to 14 independent longitudinal cases (75 PMCs, 3-15 years). Agreement between predicted age (PA) and chronological age (CA) was evaluated using root mean squared error (RMSE), coefficient of determination (R(2)), and Wilcoxon signed-rank test. RESULTS: The Gompertz and Gamma-type functions effectively captured PMC growth, with RMSE of 2.5 mm (L), 1.07 mm (SW), and 1.45 mm (LW). The NAGE achieved RMSE of 1.89 years (R(2) = 0.85) in the 1-23 years group, improving to 1.29 years (R(2) = 0.89) in the 1-16 years group. In longitudinal cases, the overall mean difference between PA and CA was 0.12 years (1.4 months) with an RMSE of 0.99 years (R(2) = 0.86) and individual errors ranging from 0.25 to 2.09 years. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed NAGE model showed promising performance for dental age estimation based on PMC length and apical foramen widths. Further studies in other teeth are needed. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Japanese Society for Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology. FAU - Prakoeswa, Beshlina Fitri Widayanti Roosyanto AU - Prakoeswa BFWR AD - Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Dentistry and Health Sciences, Niigata University, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo- ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan. AD - Department of Forensic Odontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60132, Indonesia. FAU - Nishiyama, Hideyoshi AU - Nishiyama H AD - Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Dentistry and Health Sciences, Niigata University, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo- ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan. nisiyama@dent.niigata-u.ac.jp. FAU - Kobayashi, Taichi AU - Kobayashi T AD - Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Dentistry and Health Sciences, Niigata University, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo- ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan. FAU - Ike, Makiko AU - Ike M AD - Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Dentistry and Health Sciences, Niigata University, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo- ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan. FAU - Takamura, Masaki AU - Takamura M AD - Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Dentistry and Health Sciences, Niigata University, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo- ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan. FAU - Nikkuni, Yutaka AU - Nikkuni Y AD - Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Dentistry and Health Sciences, Niigata University, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo- ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan. FAU - Katsura, Kouji AU - Katsura K AD - Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Dentistry and Health Sciences, Niigata University, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo- ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan. FAU - Vo, Diem T AU - Vo DT AD - Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Dentistry and Health Sciences, Niigata University, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo- ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan. FAU - Hayashi, Takafumi AU - Hayashi T AD - Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Dentistry and Health Sciences, Niigata University, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo- ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260730 PL - Japan TA - Oral Radiol JT - Oral radiology JID - 8806621 RN - Japanese people SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - *Age Determination by Teeth/methods MH - *Cuspid/growth & development/diagnostic imaging/anatomy & histology MH - Japan/ethnology MH - Machine Learning MH - Maxilla MH - Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods MH - East Asian People OTO - NOTNLM OT - Age determination by teeth OT - Computed tomography OT - Machine learning OT - Maxillary canine OT - Morphometry COIS- Declarations. Conflict of interest: All authors declare no conflicts of interest. Ethical approval: This study was conducted in the Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology of Niigata University, Japan and approved by the ethical review committee (approval No: 2023 - 0330). EDAT- 2026/07/30 12:43 MHDA- 2026/09/29 05:30 CRDT- 2026/07/30 11:19 PHST- 2026/05/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/29 05:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/30 12:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/30 11:19 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s11282-026-00952-4 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s11282-026-00952-4 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Oral Radiol. 2026 Oct;42(4):1121-1131. doi: 10.1007/s11282-026-00952-4. Epub 2026 Jul 30. PMID- 42530627 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261022 LR - 20261027 IS - 1435-1463 (Electronic) IS - 0300-9564 (Linking) VI - 133 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Effects of acute physical activity on interference control in children with and without ADHD: a crossover ERP study from the Break4Brain project. PG - 2671-2686 LID - 10.1007/s00702-026-03234-9 [doi] AB - Physical activity (PA) has been associated with improvements in inhibitory control in children, including those with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, the relative contribution of different PA types, particularly those differing in cognitive engagement, remains unclear. This study examined behavioural and electrophysiological indicators of interference control in children with and without ADHD following three conditions: PA with alternating cognitive engagement, PA without cognitive engagement, and a cognitively engaging control condition. Forty-three children, 20 with ADHD and 23 without ADHD, completed all sessions in a randomized crossover design. Interference control was assessed using a Flanker task while electroencephalography was recorded. Reaction time, accuracy, and interference effects were analysed at baseline and after each condition, with post-condition sessions separated by one week. N2 and P3 amplitudes were examined as electrophysiological indices of conflict monitoring and attentional allocation, respectively. The interference effect was reduced after the cognitively engaging control condition and PA without cognitive engagement relative to baseline, although no condition produced overall changes in reaction time or accuracy. EEG analyses showed larger N2 amplitudes after PA without cognitive engagement and reduced P3 amplitudes after the cognitively engaging control condition and PA without cognitive engagement compared with baseline. Overall, PA without cognitive engagement and the cognitively engaging control condition elicited acute modulations of behavioural and neural markers of interference control, irrespective of ADHD status. These findings suggest that brief PA bouts may modulate ERP indices related to executive-function processes in children, although the functional significance of reduced P3 amplitude remains uncertain when behavioural effects are limited. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Muntaner-Mas, Adria AU - Muntaner-Mas A AD - GICAFE Physical Activity and Exercise Sciences Research Group, Faculty of Education, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain. adria.muntaner@uib.es. AD - Department of Pedagogy and Specific Didactics, Institute of Research and Innovation in Education, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain. adria.muntaner@uib.es. FAU - Siquier, Antonia AU - Siquier A AD - Department of Applied Pedagogy and Psychology of Education, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain. AD - Research Institute of Health Sciences (IUNICS), Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain. FAU - Taibo, Olalla Garcia AU - Taibo OG AD - GICAFE Physical Activity and Exercise Sciences Research Group, Faculty of Education, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain. AD - Department of Pedagogy and Specific Didactics, Institute of Research and Innovation in Education, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain. FAU - Arenas, Diego AU - Arenas D AD - GICAFE Physical Activity and Exercise Sciences Research Group, Faculty of Education, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain. AD - Department of Pedagogy and Specific Didactics, Institute of Research and Innovation in Education, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain. FAU - Ramon, Jaume Cantallops AU - Ramon JC AD - GICAFE Physical Activity and Exercise Sciences Research Group, Faculty of Education, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain. AD - Department of Pedagogy and Specific Didactics, Institute of Research and Innovation in Education, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain. FAU - Galvez-Pol, Alejandro AU - Galvez-Pol A AD - Active Cognition, Embodiment, and Environment Lab, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain. FAU - Sanchez-Azanza, Victor AU - Sanchez-Azanza V AD - Department of Pedagogy and Specific Didactics, Institute of Research and Innovation in Education, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain. AD - Department of Applied Pedagogy and Psychology of Education, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain. FAU - Adrover-Roig, Daniel AU - Adrover-Roig D AD - Department of Pedagogy and Specific Didactics, Institute of Research and Innovation in Education, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain. AD - Department of Applied Pedagogy and Psychology of Education, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain. FAU - Terrasa, Juan L AU - Terrasa JL AD - Department of Applied Pedagogy and Psychology of Education, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain. AD - Research Institute of Health Sciences (IUNICS), Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain. FAU - Sitges, Carolina AU - Sitges C AD - Department of Applied Pedagogy and Psychology of Education, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain. AD - Research Institute of Health Sciences (IUNICS), Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain. LA - eng GR - PID2021-123357OA-100/Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion/ PT - Clinical Trial, Phase I PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20260730 PL - Austria TA - J Neural Transm (Vienna) JT - Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) JID - 9702341 SB - IM MH - Child MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Attention/physiology MH - *Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/physiopathology/psychology MH - *Brain/physiopathology MH - Cross-Over Studies MH - Electroencephalography MH - *Evoked Potentials/physiology MH - *Executive Function/physiology MH - *Exercise/physiology MH - *Inhibition, Psychological MH - Neuropsychological Tests MH - Reaction Time/physiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - ADHD OT - ERP OT - Executive functions OT - N2 OT - P3 OT - Physical activity COIS- Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/30 12:43 MHDA- 2026/10/22 23:28 CRDT- 2026/07/30 11:14 PHST- 2025/12/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/22 23:28 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/30 12:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/30 11:14 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00702-026-03234-9 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00702-026-03234-9 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2026 Sep;133(9):2671-2686. doi: 10.1007/s00702-026-03234-9. Epub 2026 Jul 30. PMID- 42529401 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260730 LR - 20260824 IS - 2624-9367 (Electronic) IS - 2624-9367 (Linking) VI - 8 DP - 2026 TI - Beyond the game: evaluating a soccer-centered approach to physical activity and health education in children. PG - 1765167 LID - 10.3389/fspor.2026.1765167 [doi] LID - 1765167 AB - BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Due to only 25% of U.S. children meeting the physical activity guidelines, we aimed to determine feasibility of team sports to engage children in at least 60 min of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity daily and increase health knowledge. METHODS: This 11-week quasi-experimental pre/post intervention study was conducted in two after-school programs around metro Atlanta, GA, USA (C1, n = 18; C2, n = 22). The 11 for Health program is an 11-week active learning model that involves 2 x 45 min per week soccer drills, small-sided games, and health education modules. Assessments included health knowledge and physical fitness metrics such as estimated VO(2), standing long jump, balance, agility, and handgrip strength. Non-participants were defined as missing 3 or more sessions and/or not participating in the activities. Descriptive statistics and t-tests were used to compare pre- and post-intervention assessments, stratified by participation level. RESULTS: C1 were on average 9.2 years old, 31% female, and 100% White. C2 were on average 9.8 years, 48% female, and 67% Hispanic and 33% Black. Attendance was 69% (SD 0.26) in average over the 11 weeks for both cohorts, with no difference in attendance between groups. Agility improved significantly [2.7 s(1.5); 95% CI: -3.2,-2.2] overall but no between-group difference was found. C2 participants improved significantly compared to C1 participants (p = 0.006) in left handgrip. C1 performed significantly better on the health knowledge test (p = 0.023; 95% CI: 0.018, 0.225) but neither cohort improved over time. CONCLUSION: The program is feasible for American children; however, careful consideration of setting and coaching staff is necessary. CI - (c) 2026 Foster, Li, Juarez, Pelkmans, Fluellen, Li, Lee, Munoz, Rohith, Krustrup, Larsen and Frediani. FAU - Foster, Jordan D AU - Foster JD AD - Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States. FAU - Li, Eva AU - Li E AD - Emory College of Arts and Humanities, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States. FAU - Juarez, Arturo Jr AU - Juarez A Jr AD - Emory College of Arts and Humanities, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States. FAU - Pelkmans, Jordan AU - Pelkmans J AD - Nell Woodruff Hodgson School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States. FAU - Fluellen, Staci AU - Fluellen S AD - School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States. FAU - Li, Kevin AU - Li K AD - Emory College of Arts and Humanities, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States. FAU - Lee, Jocelyn AU - Lee J AD - Emory College of Arts and Humanities, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States. FAU - Munoz, Leilany AU - Munoz L AD - Nell Woodruff Hodgson School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States. FAU - Rohith, Siddhanth AU - Rohith S AD - Alliance Academy for Innovation, Cumming, GA, United States. FAU - Krustrup, Peter AU - Krustrup P AD - Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. AD - Sport and Health Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom. FAU - Larsen, Malte N AU - Larsen MN AD - Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. FAU - Frediani, Jennifer K AU - Frediani JK AD - Nell Woodruff Hodgson School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States. LA - eng GR - P30 DK111024/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260715 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Sports Act Living JT - Frontiers in sports and active living JID - 101765780 PMC - PMC13417902 OTO - NOTNLM OT - association football OT - children OT - health knowledge OT - health literacy OT - physical fitness OT - soccer COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/30 06:41 MHDA- 2026/07/30 06:42 PMCR- 2026/07/15 CRDT- 2026/07/30 05:03 PHST- 2025/12/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/30 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/30 06:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/30 05:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fspor.2026.1765167 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Sports Act Living. 2026 Jul 15;8:1765167. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2026.1765167. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42529382 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260730 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-858X (Print) IS - 2296-858X (Electronic) IS - 2296-858X (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2026 TI - Digital health technologies in obesity: trajectory, emerging hotspots, and future perspectives. PG - 1875769 LID - 10.3389/fmed.2026.1875769 [doi] LID - 1875769 AB - BACKGROUND: Digital health technologies, including mobile applications, wearable devices, and artificial intelligence, have emerged as valuable platforms for addressing the global obesity epidemic. Despite a surge in academic output, the field lacks a macro-level comprehensive synthesis of its evolutionary logic, core research forces, and emerging frontiers. METHODS: Literature published between 2016 and 2026 was retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection and Scopus databases. Python was utilized for data cleaning, while descriptive statistical analyses were conducted using R., VOSviewer and CiteSpace were collaboratively employed to perform co-occurrence clustering, evaluate global collaboration networks, and conduct burst detection. RESULTS: A total of 2,633 records were ultimately included. The field experienced a significant inflection point starting in 2021, with annual publication volume surging from 272 papers in 2021 to 564 papers in 2025. The United States (756 articles) and China (738 articles) are the primary contributors, with the United States acting as the central hub for global collaboration (centrality = 0.47). Tehran University of Medical Sciences is the most prolific institution (71 articles), whereas Harvard University occupies a critical bridging position (centrality = 0.18). Nutrients is the most active publishing venue (199 articles), and Obesity Reviews serves as a core foundational reference. High-frequency keywords are concentrated on physiological indicators and specific demographics, led by "adiposity" (110 occurrences), "adolescents" (102), and "blood pressure" (97). Keyword and reference burst analyses indicate a distinct shift in research focus: early research frequently cited macro-epidemiological data, whereas recent bursts from 2023 to 2026 highlight clinical translation, diagnostic test accuracy, and digital intervention evaluation. CONCLUSION: The bibliometric data suggest that academic focus on digital technology in obesity management has structurally shifted from its use as a passive observational tool to its application as an active clinical intervention strategy. To translate these trends into clinical efficacy, future advancements will likely depend on overcoming the digital divide across varying income regions, developing artificial intelligence-driven precision algorithms, and establishing synergistic cardiometabolic management models alongside novel pharmacotherapies. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Zhang, Huang, Mao, Wang, Liu and Peng. FAU - Zhang, Qing AU - Zhang Q AD - Department of Integrated Health Service, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China. AD - Hubei International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Research and Clinical Techniques for Brain Glioma Diagnosis and Treatment, Wuhan, Hubei, China. FAU - Huang, Jingjing AU - Huang J AD - Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China. FAU - Mao, Fangju AU - Mao F AD - Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China. FAU - Wang, Yingxia AU - Wang Y AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China. FAU - Liu, Wen AU - Liu W AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China. FAU - Peng, Yangyao AU - Peng Y AD - Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260715 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Med (Lausanne) JT - Frontiers in medicine JID - 101648047 PMC - PMC13416953 OTO - NOTNLM OT - artificial intelligence OT - bibliometric analysis OT - digital health OT - obesity OT - weight management COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/30 06:41 MHDA- 2026/07/30 06:42 PMCR- 2026/07/15 CRDT- 2026/07/30 05:02 PHST- 2026/05/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/30 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/30 06:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/30 05:02 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fmed.2026.1875769 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Med (Lausanne). 2026 Jul 15;13:1875769. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2026.1875769. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42528895 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260730 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-2360 (Print) IS - 2296-2360 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2360 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Predicting serum phosphate levels in very preterm infants using machine learning. PG - 1881474 LID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1881474 [doi] LID - 1881474 AB - BACKGROUND: Hypophosphatemia in very preterm and small for gestational age (SGA) infants is common and associated with serious complications. Diagnosis relies on phosphate concentrations, measured in serum or plasma. Machine learning (ML) may enable indirect estimation of serum phosphate based on routinely collected clinical data and results from blood gas analysis. OBJECTIVES: To (1) describe first week electrolyte trajectories in the ImNuT-trial (Clinicaltrials.gov ID: NCT03555019), and (2) develop and externally validate ML models to estimate serum phosphate levels during the first postnatal week in very preterm infants, using routinely collected clinical and nutritional data. METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of 120 infants born <29 weeks' gestation, all managed under a standardized nutritional protocol. Electrolyte trajectories (calcium, potassium, sodium, phosphate) were described using daily means stratified by hypophosphatemia and SGA status. For ML, we defined three regression tasks: concurrent phosphate prediction at blood gas analysis, and forecasts 12 h and 24 h ahead. Twenty-two candidate predictors from blood gases, anthropometry, SGA status and nutrient intakes were subjected to RENT-based variable selection within leave-one-group-out cross-validation. Multiple algorithms (elastic net, gradient boosting, random forests, k-nearest neighbours, kernel ridge, XGBoost) were trained under three preprocessing strategies (complete cases, complete cases without outliers, imputed data). Performance was evaluated with RMSE and R (2) using nested cross-validation and an independent external cohort of 40 very preterm infants. RESULTS: Among 119 infants with phosphate measurements (607 samples), 33.6% developed hypophosphatemia in week one. SGA infants had a markedly higher and earlier risk of hypophosphatemia compared to appropriate-for-gestational-age infants (log-rank p < 0.0001). Six predictors (calcium, potassium, gestational age, SGA status, birth weight z-score, daily weight z-score) were consistently retained across all prediction tasks. Elastic net models performed best externally on all three prediction tasks. Performance was robust across preprocessing strategies. CONCLUSIONS: SGA status is a major determinant of early hypophosphatemia risk in very preterm infants. ML models using routinely available clinical and nutritional data can moderately but consistently estimate serum phosphate levels, including 12-24 h ahead, and may serve as screening tools to guide nutritional management and reduce unnecessary blood sampling. Prospective validation is warranted before clinical implementation. CI - (c) 2026 Westvik, Tomic, Tscherning and Moltu. FAU - Westvik, Asbjorn S AU - Westvik AS AD - Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. AD - Department of Neonatal Intensive Care, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Tomic, Oliver AU - Tomic O AD - Faculty of Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, As, Norway. FAU - Tscherning, Charlotte AU - Tscherning C AD - Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. AD - Department of Neonatal Intensive Care, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Moltu, Sissel J AU - Moltu SJ AD - Department of Neonatal Intensive Care, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT03555019 PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260715 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Pediatr JT - Frontiers in pediatrics JID - 101615492 PMC - PMC13415508 OTO - NOTNLM OT - hypophosphatemia OT - machine learning OT - prediction model OT - preterm infant OT - refeeding syndrome COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/30 06:41 MHDA- 2026/07/30 06:42 PMCR- 2026/07/15 CRDT- 2026/07/30 04:48 PHST- 2026/05/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/30 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/30 06:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/30 04:48 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1881474 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Pediatr. 2026 Jul 15;14:1881474. doi: 10.3389/fped.2026.1881474. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42528788 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260730 LR - 20260813 IS - 1664-2392 (Print) IS - 1664-2392 (Electronic) IS - 1664-2392 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Prepregnancy body mass index and risk of macrosomia after fresh embryo transfer: a retrospective cohort study with exploratory threshold analysis. PG - 1884067 LID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1884067 [doi] LID - 1884067 AB - BACKGROUND: Higher prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) is a well-established risk factor for adverse neonatal outcomes in IVF-conceived pregnancies; therefore, weight management is important for infertile patients, yet it remains challenging. Determining a clinically applicable BMI threshold for neonatal outcome risk assessment in fresh embryo transfer (fresh ET) cycles is meaningful; however, it remains undetermined. Therefore, this study aimed to identify an exploratory BMI threshold associated with increased risk of adverse neonatal outcomes after fresh ET, providing a preliminary reference for clinical risk communication. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 2,195 women who underwent autologous fresh ET between June 2019 and December 2023. Multivariable regression analysis examined the association between prepregnancy BMI and neonatal outcomes. Smooth curve fitting and threshold effect analysis identified the exploratory BMI threshold. Adjusted analysis following propensity score matching (PSM) was conducted as a sensitivity analysis to validate the robustness of the results. RESULTS: The multivariate regression analyses revealed that birthweight (adjusted beta: 22.63, 95% CI: 14.53 to 30.73; P<0.001) and Z-score (adjusted beta: 0.06, 95% CI: 0.04 to 0.08; P<0.001) were positively associated with increasing maternal BMI. Compared with the reference group (BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m(2)), the incidence of macrosomia was increased by 2.25-fold in the BMI 25-29.9 kg/m(2) group (adjusted OR: 2.25, 95% CI: 1.29 to 3.93; P = 0.004) and by 4.56-fold in the BMI >/=30 kg/m(2) group (adjusted OR: 4.56, 95% CI: 2.26 to 9.22; P<0.001). Smooth curve fitting and threshold effect analysis revealed a significant increase in the odds of macrosomia when BMI exceeded 26.22 kg/m(2) (adjusted OR: 4.05, 95% CI: 2.47 to 7.29; P = 0.0009). PSM analysis confirmed that patients with a BMI >26.22 kg/m(2) (adjusted OR: 3.01, 95% CI: 2.02 to 4.47; P<0.001) had significantly higher odds of macrosomia compared to those with BMI 10 mmol/L), including 28 genetically diagnosed FCS and 49 multifactorial chylomicronemia syndrome (MCS). Triglyceride/total cholesterol (TG/TC), TG/apolipoprotein B (apoB) ratios, and Moulin and North American Familial Chylomicronemia Score (NAFCS) scores were calculated. RESULTS: Among patients with FCS, non-LPL monogenic defects were present in 64% of patients (n = 18), with variants in APOA5 (n = 11), GPIHBP1 (n = 3), APOC2 (n = 2), and LMF1 (n = 2). Diagnosis was frequently delayed, and body mass index overlapped across groups. Biochemical biomarkers showed good diagnostic performance, with AUCs of 0.767 (95% CI: 0.640-0.876; P < 0.0001) for TG/TC and 0.790 (95% CI: 0.651-0.906; P < 0.0001) for TG/apoB. Moulin score showed high sensitivity (91.3%), whereas NAFCS score showed high specificity (90.9%). CONCLUSION: This large multicenter Latin American study of sHTG reveals a distinct genetic landscape from other regions. It also supports the performance of clinical scores and the discriminatory accuracy of biochemical indices. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 National Lipid Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Farina, Gregorio AU - Farina G AD - Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina (Farina, Spagnuolo, and Berg). FAU - Sleiman, Amira AU - Sleiman A AD - Santa Clara de Asis Hospital, Salta, Argentina (Sleiman). FAU - Alonso, Rodrigo AU - Alonso R AD - Center for Advanced Metabolic Medicine and Nutrition, Santiago, Chile (Alonso and Cuevas). FAU - Gutierrez Restrepo, Jonhayro AU - Gutierrez Restrepo J AD - University of Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia (Restrepo, Gonzalez, and Ceballos); Somer Clinic, Rionegro, Antioquia, Colombia (Restrepo and Ceballos). FAU - Spagnuolo, Camila AU - Spagnuolo C AD - Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina (Farina, Spagnuolo, and Berg). FAU - Agudelo Valencia, Natalia AU - Agudelo Valencia N AD - PTC Therapeutics, Argentina (Valencia and Penarete). FAU - Gonzalez Moore, Josefina AU - Gonzalez Moore J AD - PTC Therapeutics, Colombia (Moore and Schvarzman). FAU - Sanchez Penarete, Diana AU - Sanchez Penarete D AD - PTC Therapeutics, Argentina (Valencia and Penarete). FAU - Schvarzman, Nadia AU - Schvarzman N AD - PTC Therapeutics, Colombia (Moore and Schvarzman). FAU - Gonzalez, Alejandro Roman AU - Gonzalez AR AD - University of Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia (Restrepo, Gonzalez, and Ceballos). FAU - Monsalve, Claudia AU - Monsalve C AD - Pontifical Bolivarian University, Medellin, Colombia (Monsalve). FAU - Cuevas, Ada AU - Cuevas A AD - Center for Advanced Metabolic Medicine and Nutrition, Santiago, Chile (Alonso and Cuevas). FAU - Melnik, Luciana Yenny AU - Melnik LY AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Madariaga, Misiones, Argentina (Melnik). FAU - Castano Ceballos, Pablo Alberto AU - Castano Ceballos PA AD - University of Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia (Restrepo, Gonzalez, and Ceballos); Somer Clinic, Rionegro, Antioquia, Colombia (Restrepo and Ceballos). FAU - Lavalle Cobo, Augusto AU - Lavalle Cobo A AD - Department of Cardiology, Sanatorio Otamendi, Buenos Aires, Argentina (Cobo). FAU - Esteban, Eduardo Osvaldo AU - Esteban EO AD - Hospital de Alta Complejidad El Cruce, Buenos Aires, Argentina (Esteban and Aimone). FAU - Aimone, Daniel AU - Aimone D AD - Hospital de Alta Complejidad El Cruce, Buenos Aires, Argentina (Esteban and Aimone). FAU - Castellanos Pinedo, Alejandro AU - Castellanos Pinedo A AD - San Jeronimo Hospital, Monteria, Colombia (Pinedo); University of Sinu, Colombia (Pinedo). FAU - Nogueira, Juan Patricio AU - Nogueira JP AD - Center for Research in Endocrinology, Nutrition and Metabolism, Faculty of Health Sciences, National University of Formosa, Formosa, Argentina (Nogueira). FAU - Berg, Gabriela AU - Berg G AD - Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina (Farina, Spagnuolo, and Berg); National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina (Berg); Cardiovascular Disease Control Program, Fundacion Bioquimica Argentina, Argentina (Berg). Electronic address: gaberg@ffyb.uba.ar. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260710 PL - United States TA - J Clin Lipidol JT - Journal of clinical lipidology JID - 101300157 RN - 0 (Triglycerides) RN - 0 (Apolipoprotein A-V) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Genetic Testing MH - *Hypertriglyceridemia/genetics/diagnosis/classification/blood MH - Female MH - Male MH - Latin America MH - Cohort Studies MH - Adult MH - *Hyperlipoproteinemia Type I/genetics/diagnosis/blood MH - Middle Aged MH - Triglycerides/blood MH - Apolipoprotein A-V/genetics MH - Severity of Illness Index MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent OTO - NOTNLM OT - Diagnosis OT - Familial chylomicronemia syndrome OT - Genetic variants OT - Lipoprotein lipase activity OT - Severe hypertriglyceridemia COIS- Declaration of competing interest GF, AS, JGR, CS, CM, LMY, PACC, EOE, DA, ACP, and JPN declare no conflicts of interest. RAK and AC have received honoraria for lectures and participation in advisory boards from PTC Therapeutics, Teva, Novo Nordisk, AxonPharma, Saval, and Abbott. NAV, JGM, DSP, and NS are full-time employees of PTC Therapeutics. ARG has received honoraria from Amgen, PTC Therapeutics, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi, Knightx, Novartis, and Lilly. ALC has received speaker honoraria from PTC Therapeutics. GB has received research grants from the University of Buenos Aires and PTC Therapeutics. EDAT- 2026/07/30 00:38 MHDA- 2026/09/25 23:47 CRDT- 2026/07/29 21:58 PHST- 2026/02/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/25 23:47 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/30 00:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/29 21:58 [entrez] AID - S1933-2874(26)00433-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jacl.2026.07.012 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Clin Lipidol. 2026 Sep;20(9):1870-1880. doi: 10.1016/j.jacl.2026.07.012. Epub 2026 Jul 10. PMID- 42526857 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260929 LR - 20260929 IS - 1555-0273 (Electronic) IS - 1555-0265 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct 1 TI - Repeatability of Upper and Lower Body Force Plate Assessments in Canadian University Swimmers: Implications for Athlete Monitoring and Return-to-Swim Testing. PG - 1198-1202 LID - 10.1123/ijspp.2025-0499 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The shoulder accounts for over 50% of injuries in swimming, making it the most injured body part. However, little research has examined shoulder girdle strength and how weakness or compensations may predispose swimmers to injury. Additionally, despite established muscle testing methods in other sports, there is a wide gap in the literature regarding strength testing in competitive swimmers, notably in the shoulder. PURPOSE: To establish the repeatability of the athletic shoulder (ASH) test, the ballistic push-up test, and the unilateral and bilateral countermovement jump (CMJ) test in male and female university swimmers. STUDY DESIGN: Test-retest repeatability study. METHODS: University swimmers (n = 32; female: n = 18) completed strength tests on 2 occasions separated by a 60-minute rest period. Participants completed a standardized warm-up. The force plate testing battery consisted of isometric shoulder flexion (ASH test) at 180 degrees and 135 degrees , ballistic push-up testing, and bilateral and unilateral CMJ testing. Intrasession and intersession repeatability were assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and coefficients of variation (CV). RESULTS: All outcome measures for CMJ and ballistic push-up testing showed good (ICC = .80-.89, CV < 10%) or excellent (ICC > .90, CV < 5%) repeatability, although the ASH test demonstrated good-to-excellent relative repeatability (ICC = .87-.90) but greater absolute variability (CV > 10%). CONCLUSION: CMJ and ballistic push-up testing on a force plate are suitable for athlete monitoring in competitive swimming. The ASH test demonstrated greater variability between sessions, highlighting the need for further evaluation prior to its integration into athlete monitoring assessments. FAU - McKenzie, Mark AU - McKenzie M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-7326-3535 AD - Faculty of Kinesiology,University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. AD - Integrative Neuromuscular Sport Performance Lab, Faculty of Kinesiology,University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. FAU - Boon-van Mossel, Nathan AU - Boon-van Mossel N AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-2948-0131 AD - Faculty of Kinesiology,University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. AD - Integrative Neuromuscular Sport Performance Lab, Faculty of Kinesiology,University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. FAU - McClean, Zachary J AU - McClean ZJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7219-9448 AD - Faculty of Kinesiology,University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. AD - Integrative Neuromuscular Sport Performance Lab, Faculty of Kinesiology,University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. FAU - Jordan, Matthew J AU - Jordan MJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8044-1441 AD - Faculty of Kinesiology,University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. AD - Integrative Neuromuscular Sport Performance Lab, Faculty of Kinesiology,University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. AD - Sport Medicine Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260729 PL - United States TA - Int J Sports Physiol Perform JT - International journal of sports physiology and performance JID - 101276430 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Swimming/physiology/injuries MH - Female MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - *Muscle Strength/physiology MH - *Exercise Test/methods MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - Canada MH - Return to Sport MH - *Shoulder/physiology MH - Universities MH - Adolescent OTO - NOTNLM OT - athletic shoulder test OT - countermovement jump OT - push-up OT - shoulder girdle OT - strength assessment EDAT- 2026/07/30 00:38 MHDA- 2026/09/29 19:03 CRDT- 2026/07/29 19:32 PHST- 2025/11/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/29 19:03 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/30 00:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/29 19:32 [entrez] AID - 10.1123/ijspp.2025-0499 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2026 Jul 29;21(10):1198-1202. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2025-0499. Print 2026 Oct 1. PMID- 42525667 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260729 LR - 20260813 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 7 DP - 2026 TI - Neck circumference as an anthropometric marker of overweight among school-aged children in Bharatpur, Nepal: A community-based study. PG - e0354997 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0354997 [doi] LID - e0354997 AB - BACKGROUND: Childhood overweight have become a major public health concern among children in developing countries. BMI, commonly used to diagnose overweight, requires standardized equipment and trained personnel, limiting their feasibility in large-scale screenings. Neck circumference (NC) has emerged as a simple and practical alternative for identifying overweight in children. This study aimed to examine the association between NC and established anthropometric indicators and to determine optimal NC cutoff values for identifying overweight among school-aged children. METHODS: A community-based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from July to October 2025 among 300 apparently healthy children aged 6-11 years in Ward No. 16, Bharatpur Metropolitan City, Nepal. Sociodemographic data were collected using structured interviews. Anthropometric measurements including height, weight, NC, waist circumference (WC), and hip circumference (HC) were obtained using standardized procedures. BMI-for-age classifications were based on WHO AnthroPlus growth references. Chi square test, pearson correlation, logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were performed using SPSS version 16. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS: Among the 300 children, 48.3% had normal BMI-for-age, 10.3% were overweight and 41.3% were underweight. Chi square test revealed a statistically significant association between neck circumference and BMI-for-age (p < 0.001). Pearson correlation analysis demonstrated strong positive correlations between NC and weight (r = 0.792), height (r = 0.639), BMI (r = 0.723), waist circumference (r = 0.797), and hip circumference (r = 0.734) (p < 0.001 for all). ROC curve analysis indicated excellent diagnostic accuracy of NC for identifying overweight. The optimal cutoff values were 27.75 cm for boys (AUC = 0.884; sensitivity = 88.9%; specificity = 66.2%) and 26.75 cm for girls (AUC = 0.904; sensitivity = 100%; specificity = 69.4%). The overall cutoff value was 27.25 cm (AUC = 0.883; sensitivity = 80.6%; specificity = 74.3%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis confirmed NC had a statistically significant positive association with overweight with COR 12.077 (4.75-30.67) and AOR 20.817 (6.34-68.29). CONCLUSIONS: Neck circumference is significantly correlated with established anthropometric indicators and demonstrates diagnostic accuracy for identifying overweight among school-aged children. NC measurement is a simple, reliable, and cost-effective screening tool that may be particularly useful in school-based and resource-limited settings. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Bajracharya et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Bajracharya, Subina AU - Bajracharya S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5654-2111 AD - Department of Pediatric Nursing, School of Nursing, Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Nepal. FAU - Neupane, Sadikshya AU - Neupane S AD - Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing, Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Nepal. FAU - Shrestha, Parita AU - Shrestha P AD - Department of Pediatric Nursing, School of Nursing, Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Nepal. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260729 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Nepal/epidemiology MH - Child MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Neck/anatomy & histology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Overweight/epidemiology/diagnosis MH - *Anthropometry/methods MH - Body Mass Index MH - ROC Curve MH - Waist Circumference PMC - PMC13419187 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/07/29 18:39 MHDA- 2026/07/30 00:38 PMCR- 2026/07/29 CRDT- 2026/07/29 13:43 PHST- 2026/04/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/30 00:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/29 18:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/29 13:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-26-16450 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0354997 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 Jul 29;21(7):e0354997. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0354997. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42525244 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261012 LR - 20261016 IS - 1437-1596 (Electronic) IS - 0937-9827 (Print) IS - 0937-9827 (Linking) VI - 140 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Nov TI - Hybrid approach with convolutional neural network and regression models for age estimation in panoramic radiographs. PG - 3919-3929 LID - 10.1007/s00414-026-03927-6 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Determining chronological age is a relevant aspect of criminal and civil interest for identifying corpses and refugees. This study aimed to estimate chronological age using a hybrid model that combines a convolutional neural network (CNN) with regression models based on panoramic radiographs. METHODS: This observational, retrospective and cross-sectional study analyzed 2,546 panoramic radiographs from a Brazilian practice. Panoramic radiographs of patients over 18 years old with healthy, erupted lower premolars were selected. The radiographs were segmented using GIMP, and the dataset was divided into three sets: 70% for model training, 15% for validation, and 15% for testing. Based on the MobileNetV2 architecture, the CNN model extracted 576 attributes from each image, which were then used in conjunction with a decision-tree regression model to estimate age. To evaluate the model's performance, metrics such as Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Coefficient of Determination and Mean Square Error were used. RESULTS: 3,423 teeth were analyzed, and the patients' mean age was 32.65 years. The overall MAE was 6.52 years (R(2) = 0.67); however, for the age group 31 to 35, the hybrid AI model had an MAE of 0.29 years for the male sample and 0.16 years for the female sample. CONCLUSIONS: The hybrid AI model proved accurate and robust for patients aged 31-35 years; however, in other age groups, the model performed unsatisfactorily, particularly in the 40-50 and 51-55 age ranges. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Lacerda-Santos, Jhonatan Thiago AU - Lacerda-Santos JT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0295-9939 AD - Department of Dentistry, State University of Paraiba, R. Baraunas, 351, Bairro Universitario, Campina Grande, PB, 58429-500, Brazil. thiiagolacerda@gmail.com. FAU - Paulino, Jose Alberto Souza AU - Paulino JAS AD - Computer Science PhD Student, Federal University of Campina Grande, Rua Aprigio Veloso, 882, Bairro Universitario, Campina Grande, PB, 58429-900, Brazil. FAU - Brito, Hiarles Barreto Sampaio AU - Brito HBS AD - Postgraduate in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, State University of Paraiba, R. Baraunas, 351, Bairro Universitario, Campina Grande, PB, 58429-500, Brazil. FAU - Almeida, Fabiana Tolentino AU - Almeida FT AD - College of Dentistry, University of Alberta, 11405 87 Ave NW, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1Z1, Canada. FAU - Bento, Patricia Meira AU - Bento PM AD - College of Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, State University of Paraiba, R. Baraunas, 351, Bairro Universitario, Campina Grande, PB, 58429-500, Brazil. FAU - de Melo, Daniela Pita AU - de Melo DP AD - College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, 105 Wiggins Rd, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260729 PL - Germany TA - Int J Legal Med JT - International journal of legal medicine JID - 9101456 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Radiography, Panoramic MH - *Age Determination by Teeth/methods MH - Adult MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Convolutional Neural Networks MH - Male MH - Regression Analysis MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Young Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - Adolescent MH - Brazil MH - *Neural Networks, Computer PMC - PMC13658335 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Age determination by teeth OT - Artificial intelligence OT - Computer Neural Networks OT - Decision trees OT - Panoramic radiography COIS- Declarations. Ethical approval: This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the State University of Paraiba (protocol number 6.700.058) and conducted by the precepts of the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent: Not applicable. Competing interests: All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest or non-financial interest in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript. Clinical trial number: Not applicable. EDAT- 2026/07/29 13:54 MHDA- 2026/10/12 17:30 PMCR- 2026/07/29 CRDT- 2026/07/29 11:13 PHST- 2026/02/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/12 17:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/29 13:54 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/29 11:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s00414-026-03927-6 [pii] AID - 3927 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00414-026-03927-6 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Legal Med. 2026 Nov;140(6):3919-3929. doi: 10.1007/s00414-026-03927-6. Epub 2026 Jul 29. PMID- 42525094 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260729 LR - 20260923 IS - 1432-1076 (Electronic) IS - 0340-6199 (Print) IS - 0340-6199 (Linking) VI - 185 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Jul 29 TI - Prospective association between baseline ultra-processed food consumption and future adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines in children: findings from the SENDO project. LID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07287-6 [doi] LID - 621 AB - This study evaluates whether baseline ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption predicts failure to meet 24-h movement guidelines at 2-year follow-up in early childhood. Data from 586 participants (aged 4-5 years at baseline) from the SENDO project were analyzed. Dietary intake was assessed through a validated 149-item FFQ, completed by parents, and categorized by NOVA classification. Physical activity, screen time, and sleep time were assessed through questionnaires, based on the 24-h movement guidelines established by the Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology and the WHO. Overall, 92.0% of participants adhered to at least one guideline, 38.9% met all three, and only 8.0% met none of the recommendations. After adjusting for confounders, children in the highest UPF tertile (T3) had a rate ratio (RR) of 1.27 (95% CI 1.04-1.55; p = 0.021) compared with the lowest (T1). A significant linear trend was observed across UPF tertiles (p for trend = 0.022). Moreover, children in T3 had a greater likelihood of not meeting the recreational screen time guideline (RR 1.82, 95% CI 1.18-2.64; p = 0.036) than those in T1. Absolute screen time was significantly higher in T3 than T1 (1.31 +/- 1.11 vs. 0.94 +/- 1.18 h/day; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that higher UPF consumption is associated with a lower adherence to 24-h movement recommendations-specifically regarding an increased likelihood of not complying with the recreational screen time recommendation. This highlights the importance of reducing UPF intake to support healthy behaviors over time in early life. WHAT IS KNOWN: * Only a limited number of longitudinal studies have investigated the potential long-term association between dietary habits and the 24-h movement guidelines. * Higher consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) is consistently linked to nutrient imbalances and adverse metabolic outcomes in children and adolescents. WHAT IS NEW: * This is the first study to prospectively investigate the relationship between early-life UPF intake and subsequent nonadherence to the 24-h movement guidelines in preschoolers. * Higher baseline UPF intake predicts a lower likelihood of meeting the movement recommendations after a 2-year follow-up, an association primarily driven by increased sedentary screen time. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Paladino, Nadia AU - Paladino N AD - Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123, Catania, Italy. FAU - Martinez-Gonzalez, Miguel Angel AU - Martinez-Gonzalez MA AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, 31008, Pamplona, Spain. AD - Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008, Pamplona, Spain. AD - Biomedical Research Network Center for Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Lopez-Gil, Jose Francisco AU - Lopez-Gil JF AD - School of Medicine, Universidad Espiritu Santo, Samborondon, Ecuador. AD - Vicerrectoria de Investigacion y Postgrado, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile. FAU - Grosso, Giuseppe AU - Grosso G AD - Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123, Catania, Italy. FAU - Martin-Calvo, Nerea AU - Martin-Calvo N AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, 31008, Pamplona, Spain. nmartincalvo@unav.es. AD - Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008, Pamplona, Spain. nmartincalvo@unav.es. AD - Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition, Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. nmartincalvo@unav.es. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260729 PL - Germany TA - Eur J Pediatr JT - European journal of pediatrics JID - 7603873 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child, Preschool MH - Male MH - Female MH - Prospective Studies MH - *Fast Foods/statistics & numerical data/adverse effects MH - *Exercise MH - Screen Time MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Guideline Adherence/statistics & numerical data MH - Sleep Duration MH - Sedentary Behavior MH - Follow-Up Studies PMC - PMC13421281 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Diet OT - Physical activity OT - Preschoolers OT - Screen time OT - Sedentary behavior OT - Sleep duration COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/29 13:54 MHDA- 2026/07/29 13:55 PMCR- 2026/07/29 CRDT- 2026/07/29 11:04 PHST- 2026/01/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/29 13:55 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/29 13:54 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/29 11:04 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07287-6 [pii] AID - 7287 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07287-6 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Eur J Pediatr. 2026 Jul 29;185(8):621. doi: 10.1007/s00431-026-07287-6. PMID- 42525014 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260729 LR - 20260918 IS - 1980-5497 (Electronic) IS - 1415-790X (Print) IS - 1415-790X (Linking) VI - 29 DP - 2026 TI - Risk and Protective Factor Indicators Management Committee: methodological approach in the construction of indicators of the interagency health information network (Ripsa), 2023. PG - e260026 LID - S1415-790X2026000101025 [pii] LID - 10.1590/1980-549720260026 [doi] LID - e260026 AB - OBJECTIVE: To describe the role of the Risk and Protective Factors Indicator Management Committee (RPF CGI) in the resumption and update of the Interagency Health Information Network (Rede Interagencial de Informacoes para a Saude - Ripsa) indicator matrix in 2023, highlighting the sustainability of data sources and validation processes. METHODS AND RESULTS: Interinstitutional technical meetings were held between 2023 and 2025, involving 36 institutions, to review, define, and validate the indicators using a standardized indicator qualification form. A consensus was reached to use data from the Surveillance System for Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic Diseases by Telephone Survey (Sistema de Vigilancia de Fatores de Risco e Protecao para Doencas Cronicas por Inquerito Telefonico - Vigitel), National Study of Infant Feeding and Nutrition (Estudo Nacional de Alimentacao e Nutricao Infantil - Enani), Live Birth Information System (Sistema de Informacoes sobre Nascidos Vivos - Sinasc), National Health Survey (Pesquisa Nacional de Saude - PNS), Household Budget Survey (Pesquisa de Orcamentos Familiares - POF), National School Health Survey (Pesquisa Nacional de Saude do Escolar - PeNSE), National Demographic and Health Survey (Pesquisa Nacional de Demografia e Saude - PNDS), Annual Industrial Survey - Product (Pesquisa Industrial Anual - Produto - PIA-Produto), National Survey on Health and Nutrition (Pesquisa Nacional sobre Saude e Nutricao - PNSN), and National Oral Health Survey (Pesquisa Nacional de Saude Bucal - SB Brasil). The matrix was expanded to 39 indicators, distributed across nine dimensions: noncommunicable chronic diseases, alcohol consumption, smoking, physical activity, nutritional status, dietary intake, childbirth, violence, and oral health. CONCLUSION: The RPF CGI contributed to the qualification and sustainability of Ripsa indicators, which are essential for monitoring public policies, supporting evidence-based decision-making, and addressing health inequalities, aligning with national and international agendas such as the Sustainable Development Goals. FAU - Malta, Deborah Carvalho AU - Malta DC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8214-5734 AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, School of Nursing, Department of Maternal-Child Nursing and Public Health - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil. FAU - Oliveira, Max Moura de AU - Oliveira MM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0804-5145 AD - Universidade Federal de Goias, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saude Publica, Department of Collective Health - Goias (GO), Brazil. FAU - Freitas, Mariana Goncalves de AU - Freitas MG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6679-032X AD - Ministry of Health, Secretariat of Health Surveillance and Environment - Brasilia (DF), Brazil. FAU - Antunes, Anna Beatriz Souza AU - Antunes ABS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7813-5421 AD - Ministry of Health, Secretariat of Health Surveillance and Environment - Brasilia (DF), Brazil. FAU - Ricardo, Leticia Mendes AU - Ricardo LM AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-7137-2375 AD - Ministry of Health, Secretariat of Health Surveillance and Environment - Brasilia (DF), Brazil. FAU - Tierling, Vera Lucia AU - Tierling VL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9856-2017 AD - Ministry of Health, Secretariat of Health Surveillance and Environment - Brasilia (DF), Brazil. FAU - Santos, Debora Franca Dos AU - Santos DFD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3917-2291 AD - Ministry of Health, Secretariat of Health Surveillance and Environment - Brasilia (DF), Brazil. FAU - Freitas, Paula Carvalho de AU - Freitas PC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3737-2962 AD - Ministry of Health, Secretariat of Health Surveillance and Environment - Brasilia (DF), Brazil. FAU - Oliveira Baldi, Flora Vitoria Serena AU - Oliveira Baldi FVS AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-7619-1415 AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, School of Nursing - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil. FAU - Carrato, Barbara Aguiar AU - Carrato BA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8102-5741 AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, School of Nursing - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil. FAU - Ferreira, Ana Lorena Lima AU - Ferreira ALL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4236-2651 AD - Ministry of Health, Secretariat of Primary Health Care - Brasilia (DF), Brazil. FAU - Santos, Thanise Sabrina Souza AU - Santos TSS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4087-1815 AD - Ministry of Health, Secretariat of Primary Health Care - Brasilia (DF), Brazil. FAU - Oliveira, Gabriela AU - Oliveira G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2403-5094 AD - Ministry of Health, Secretariat of Health Surveillance and Environment - Brasilia (DF), Brazil. FAU - Silva, Isabela da Costa Gaspar da AU - Silva IDCGD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7329-3527 AD - Ministry of Health, Secretariat of Health Surveillance and Environment - Brasilia (DF), Brazil. FAU - Menezes-Junior, Luiz Antonio Alves de AU - Menezes-Junior LAA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4497-5358 AD - Ministry of Health, Secretariat of Health Surveillance and Environment - Brasilia (DF), Brazil. FAU - Moraes, Luci Fabiane Scheffer AU - Moraes LFS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1034-3878 AD - Ministry of Health, Secretariat of Information and Digital Health - Brasilia (DF), Brazil. CN - Management Committee on Risk and Protective Factors Indicators FAU - Gomes, Gabriella Farias AU - Gomes GF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9118-9694 AD - Ministry of Health, Secretariat of Health Surveillance and Environment - Brasilia (DF), Brazil. FAU - Gomes, Julia do Amaral AU - Gomes JA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-0002-0003 AD - Ministry of Health, Secretariat of Health Surveillance and Environment - Brasilia (DF), Brazil. FAU - Konstantyner, Tulio AU - Konstantyner T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7931-9692 AD - Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo - Sao Paulo (SP), Brazil. FAU - Boing, Alexandra Crispim AU - Boing AC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7792-4824 AD - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - Florianopolis (SC), Brazil. FAU - Lara, Joao Victor Ingles de AU - Lara JVI AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7079-246X AD - Ministry of Health, Secretariat of Primary Health Care, General Coordination of Oral Health - Brasilia (DF), Brazil FAU - Alves, Luciana Correia AU - Alves LC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8598-4875 AD - Associacao Brasileira de Estudos Populacionais - Campinas (SP), Brazil. FAU - Silva, Josy Maria de Pinho da AU - Silva JMP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7187-1028 AD - World Health Organization, Pan American Health Organization - Brasilia (DF), Brazil. FAU - Szklo, Andre Salem AU - Szklo AS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1903-6188 AD - Instituto Nacional de Cancer - Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. FAU - Pavao, Ana Luiza Braz AU - Pavao ALB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4122-1796 AD - Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto de Comunicacao e Informacao Cientifica e Tecnologica em Saude - Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. FAU - Fernandes, Hugo AU - Fernandes H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2380-2914 AD - Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo - Sao Paulo (SP), Brazil. FAU - Araujo, Marina Campos AU - Araujo MC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7980-6618 AD - Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto de Comunicacao e Informacao Cientifica e Tecnologica em Saude - Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. FAU - Falcao, Kandice de Melo AU - Falcao KM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6725-6110 AD - Conselho Nacional de Secretarias Municipais de Saude - Brasilia (DF), Brazil. FAU - Marque, Emanuele Souza AU - Marque ES AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8633-7290 AD - Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Medicina Social Hesio Cordeiro - Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. FAU - Levy, Renata Bertazzi AU - Levy RB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5388-7002 AD - Universidade de Sao Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina - Sao Paulo (SP), Brazil. FAU - Carneiro, Joana Danielle Brandao AU - Carneiro JDB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3629-8091 AD - Ministry of Health, Secretariat of Primary Health Care, Secretariat of Primary Health Care - Brasilia (DF), Brazil. FAU - Carvasan, Gislaine Aparecida Fonsechi AU - Carvasan GAF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1668-9856 AD - Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Campinas (SP), Brazil. FAU - Sampaio, Aline Fernanda Silva AU - Sampaio AFS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9805-2946 AD - Universidade Federal do Acre - Rio Branco (AC), Brazil. FAU - Nunes, Monica da Silva AU - Nunes MS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5078-9121 AD - Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos - Sao Carlos (SP), Brazil. FAU - Boni, Raquel Brandini De AU - Boni RB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2455-5997 AD - Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto de Comunicacao e Informacao Cientifica e Tecnologica em Saude - Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. FAU - Gomes, Crizian Saar AU - Gomes CS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6586-4561 AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil. FAU - Boing, Antonio Fernando AU - Boing AF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9331-1550 AD - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - Florianopolis (SC), Brazil FAU - Sousa, Juliana Lourenco AU - Sousa JL AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-4220-128X AD - World Health Organization, Pan American Health Organization, Centro Latino-Americano e do Caribe de Informacao em Ciencias da Saude - Sao Paulo (SP), Brazil. FAU - Gomes, Marilia Miranda Forte AU - Gomes MMF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8584-9676 AD - Associacao Brasileira de Estudos Populacionais - Campinas (SP), Brazil. FAU - Mello, Marcia Sarpa de Campos AU - Mello MSC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8976-4653 AD - Instituto Nacional de Cancer - Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. FAU - Andrade, Joanlise Marco de Leon AU - Andrade JML AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3984-3799 AD - Universidade de Brasilia - Brasilia (DF), Brazil. FAU - Bousquet-Santos, Kelb AU - Bousquet-Santos K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4687-4681 AD - Universidade de Brasilia - Brasilia (DF), Brazil. FAU - Lima, Everton Emanuel Campos de AU - Lima EEC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6275-9854 AD - Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Campinas (SP), Brazil. FAU - Henrique, Rafael dos Santos AU - Henrique RS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3912-5559 AD - Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - Recife (PE), Brazil. LA - eng LA - por PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260727 PL - Brazil TA - Rev Bras Epidemiol JT - Revista brasileira de epidemiologia = Brazilian journal of epidemiology JID - 100954576 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Brazil MH - Risk Factors MH - *Health Status Indicators MH - *Health Information Systems/organization & administration PMC - PMC13405555 COIS- CONFLICT OF INTERESTS: nothing to declare EDAT- 2026/07/29 13:54 MHDA- 2026/07/29 13:55 PMCR- 2026/07/27 CRDT- 2026/07/29 11:03 PHST- 2025/12/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/29 13:55 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/29 13:54 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/29 11:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1415-790X2026000101025 [pii] AID - 10.1590/1980-549720260026 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2026 Jul 27;29:e260026. doi: 10.1590/1980-549720260026. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42524307 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260729 LR - 20260813 IS - 2197-1153 (Print) IS - 2197-1153 (Electronic) IS - 2197-1153 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Postoperative computed tomography-derived bundle morphology ratios are associated with noncontact graft failure after double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in adolescents. PG - e70864 LID - 10.1002/jeo2.70864 [doi] LID - e70864 AB - PURPOSE: To evaluate whether postoperative computed tomography (CT)-derived bundle-specific morphology ratios are associated with noncontact graft failure following anatomic double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in adolescents. METHODS: This single-centre retrospective cohort study included 133 consecutive patients aged 15-19 years who underwent primary anatomic double-bundle ACL reconstruction with routine postoperative CT at 1 week postoperatively and a minimum follow-up of 24 months; all patients had a complete 2-year outcome assessment. Patients with a lateral femoral condyle ratio (LFCR) >/= 62.18% were excluded, as this threshold has been associated with substantially elevated graft rerupture risk [2]. Only noncontact graft failures within 2 years were considered events. Preoperative MRI was used to assess femoral morphology, and postoperative CT was used to quantify anteromedial (AMR) and posterolateral (PLR) bundle morphology ratios. Receiver operating characteristic analysis and multivariable logistic regression were performed to evaluate discriminative ability and independent associations with graft failure. RESULTS: Both AMR and PLR were significantly associated with graft failure and demonstrated moderate-to-good discriminative ability (area under the curve 0.804 and 0.799, respectively). In multivariable analysis adjusting for age, sex, BMI, activity level and meniscal injury status, only AMR remained associated with graft failure in an exploratory multivariable model (OR: 1.15 per 0.01-unit increase, 95% CI: 1.02-1.31; p = 0.026). Intraobserver reliability was good to excellent across all parameters (intraclass correlation coefficients 0.878-0.949). CONCLUSION: Postoperative CT-derived bundle morphology ratios are associated with noncontact graft failure following anatomic double-bundle ACL reconstruction, with AMR bundle morphology demonstrating the strongest association in an exploratory multivariable model. These preliminary findings suggest that quantitative morphology ratios may be useful for future risk stratification, but prospective validation is required before clinical implementation. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III, retrospective cohort study. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Society of Sports Traumatology, Knee Surgery and Arthroscopy. FAU - Takeuchi, Yuko AU - Takeuchi Y AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-7009-5628 AD - Department of Orthopedic Surgery Asahi University Hospital Gifu Japan. FAU - Kawai, Ryosuke AU - Kawai R AD - Department of Orthopedic Surgery Asahi University Hospital Gifu Japan. FAU - Hiraiwa, Hideki AU - Hiraiwa H AD - Department of Orthopedic Surgery Asahi University Hospital Gifu Japan. FAU - Tsukahara, Takashi AU - Tsukahara T AD - Department of Orthopedic Surgery Asahi University Hospital Gifu Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260728 PL - United States TA - J Exp Orthop JT - Journal of experimental orthopaedics JID - 101653750 PMC - PMC13410946 OTO - NOTNLM OT - anterior cruciate ligament OT - double-bundle reconstruction OT - graft failure OT - imaging morphology OT - risk prediction COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/29 13:54 MHDA- 2026/07/29 13:55 PMCR- 2026/07/28 CRDT- 2026/07/29 10:31 PHST- 2026/04/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/29 13:55 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/29 13:54 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/29 10:31 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JEO270864 [pii] AID - 10.1002/jeo2.70864 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Exp Orthop. 2026 Jul 28;13(3):e70864. doi: 10.1002/jeo2.70864. eCollection 2026 Jul. PMID- 42524052 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260729 LR - 20260813 IS - 0974-7052 (Print) IS - 0975-1904 (Electronic) IS - 0974-7052 (Linking) VI - 19 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Evaluation of Screen Time, Oral Health Status, and Sleep Disturbances in Children between 6 and 13 years: A Cross-sectional Study. PG - 711-717 LID - 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3538 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Sleep is a critical component required for the growth and development of a child. Deviation from the normal sleep pattern, quality, and quantity directly affects the baseline functioning of the individual. Increased screen time exposure affects the overall well-being of the child, particularly the sleep and oral health. AIM: To assess the average screen time exposure, oral health status, and prevalence of sleep disorders in children between 6 and 13 years of age. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 370 children visiting the Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry between July 2024 and January 2025. Data were collected using a validated screen time questionnaire and the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children. Dental caries was assessed using the ICDAS II index. The descriptive statistics were reported in the form of mean and standard deviation. ANOVA, bivariate, and multivariate linear regression analyses were performed. Statistical significance was noted when the p-value was 0.90), including parent-reported toe-walking percentage, satisfaction, treatment adherence, pain-on-activity, and clinician-reported gait scale. Validity analyses showed significant and meaningful correlations between iTWO proforma-T items and established measures. The estimated toe-walking percentage correlated strongly with the Toe Walking Severity Scale (rho = -0.549) and the OxAFQ emotional domain (rho = -0.493). Functional performance items (gait scale, 2- and 6-minute walk tests) showed moderate positive correlations with toe-walking severity, whereas pain-related items correlated negatively with relevant PODCI and OxAFQ domains. CONCLUSION: The iTWO proforma-T is a valid and reliable instrument for evaluating symptoms, functional status, and treatment-related outcomes in children with idiopathic toe walking. The tool preserves the structure and measurement characteristics of the original proforma and can be confidently used by clinicians and researchers for evidence-based assessment and follow-up in Turkish-speaking pediatric populations. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Journal of Foot and Ankle Research published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Australian Podiatry Association and The Royal College of Podiatry. FAU - Giray, Esra AU - Giray E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3895-4486 AD - Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Health Sciences Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Karadag, Munteha Ilkyaz AU - Karadag MI AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-6500-3072 AD - Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Health Sciences Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Turkyilmaz, Sude Gozukucuk AU - Turkyilmaz SG AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-2381-4089 AD - Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Health Sciences Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Celik, Kubra Yildiz AU - Celik KY AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-1920-5682 AD - Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Health Sciences Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Akpinar, Pinar AU - Akpinar P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7796-0750 AD - Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Health Sciences Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Illeez, Ozge Gulsum AU - Illeez OG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3824-4428 AD - Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Health Sciences Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Unlu Ozkan, Feyza AU - Unlu Ozkan F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7686-1347 AD - Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Health Sciences Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Aktas, Ilknur AU - Aktas I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1050-9666 AD - Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Health Sciences Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Karadag-Saygi, Evrim AU - Karadag-Saygi E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7420-9902 AD - Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Williams, Cylie M AU - Williams CM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0223-9141 AD - School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University, Peninsula Campus, Frankston, Victoria, Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study PL - United States TA - J Foot Ankle Res JT - Journal of foot and ankle research JID - 101471610 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Female MH - Child, Preschool MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - *Toes/physiopathology MH - Turkey MH - *Walking/physiology MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Severity of Illness Index MH - Psychometrics MH - *Movement Disorders/physiopathology/diagnosis MH - Treatment Outcome PMC - PMC13415977 OTO - NOTNLM OT - 6-minute walk test OT - Toe Walking Severity Scale OT - idiopathic toe walking OT - treatment outcomes OT - weight-bearing lunge COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/29 06:35 MHDA- 2026/07/29 18:39 PMCR- 2026/07/28 CRDT- 2026/07/29 01:43 PHST- 2026/07/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/29 18:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/29 06:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/29 01:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JFA270188 [pii] AID - 10.1002/jfa2.70188 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Foot Ankle Res. 2026 Sep;19(3):e70188. doi: 10.1002/jfa2.70188. PMID- 42522101 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260910 LR - 20260912 IS - 1365-2036 (Electronic) IS - 0269-2813 (Print) IS - 0269-2813 (Linking) VI - 64 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Review Article: Accelerating Coeliac Disease Clinical Trials-Beyond Celiac Meeting With Industry, Academics, Patients and the FDA. PG - 890-896 LID - 10.1111/apt.70873 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Coeliac disease is due to an acquired, lifelong gluten-specific immune response resulting in a gluten-dependent chronic immune-mediated enteropathy associated with gastrointestinal and extraintestinal morbidity. Strictly avoiding dietary gluten is the only available management but has never been subjected to rigorous efficacy assessment now required for a pharmaceutical agent. Gluten-free diet (GFD) is partially and inconsistently effective, but it places a high burden on patients, families, the food industry, and regulators and is defined inconsistently around the world, highlighting the need for effective and convenient adjunctive pharmacological therapies. AIMS: To summarize key patient, scientific, and regulatory considerations for coeliac disease drug development based on a multi-stakeholder meeting focused on accelerating clinical trials. METHODS: A pre-competitive meeting convened by the Beyond Celiac Coalition (May 2024) included patients with coeliac disease, academic experts, pharmaceutical industry representatives, and participants from the US Food and Drug Administration. Moderated panel addressed patient priorities, symptom and histologic endpoints, biopsy and histology methods, gluten challenge design, clinical trial duration, and regulatory expectations. Themes were synthesized qualitatively with focus on trial design implications and unresolved questions. RESULTS: Participants described high symptom burden and psychosocial impact despite gluten-free diet adherence underscoring unmet therapeutic need in coeliac disease. Regulatory perspectives emphasized the need for clinically meaningful improvement and evidence of intestinal benefit, framed as symptom and histology co-primary endpoints in clinical trials. These expectations were discussed as most applicable to trial populations with both clinically meaningful symptoms and active histologic injury at baseline; for other phenotypes, it was emphasized that endpoint strategy, the role of gluten exposure, and trial duration should be tailored case by case to the population and mechanism of action. Practical challenges identified included endpoint selection and definition, discordance between symptoms and histology, selecting fit-for-purpose symptom measures; standardizing biopsy acquisition and central histology reads to address patchiness and variability, pre-specifying definitions of meaningful histologic change given ongoing uncertainty about healing, and trial feasibility. Controlled gluten exposure was discussed as a tool to improve interpretability of efficacy outcomes, with careful consideration of dose, duration, patient burden and safety. Discussion addressed the ideal length of the double-blind period, including a shorter 24-week double-blind study with an open-label extension versus a 52-week double-blind design. Trial duration should balance scientific rigour, patient retention, and the need for longer-term safety and durability data, with flexibility to tailor the approach to context. CONCLUSIONS: Progress in coeliac disease drug development will require patient-centred, scientifically robust but feasible trial designs with appropriate endpoints, justified use of gluten exposure, consideration of improved biomarkers to reduce patient burden and early regulatory engagement. Continued multi-stakeholder collaboration, including dedicated consideration of paediatric drug development, is essential to advance effective therapies. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Fahey, Lisa M AU - Fahey LM AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-5823-425X AD - Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. AD - University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Anderson, Robert AU - Anderson R AD - International Society for the Study of Celiac Disease, Groningen, the Netherlands. AD - Mackay Base Hospital, Mackay, Queensland, Australia. FAU - Liu, Edwin AU - Liu E AD - Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA. FAU - Murray, Joseph A AU - Murray JA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1941-9090 AD - Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. FAU - Robert, Marie E AU - Robert ME AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6385-4578 AD - Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA. FAU - Silvester, Jocelyn Anne AU - Silvester JA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3615-1666 AD - Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. AD - Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Avery, Kate AU - Avery K AD - Beyond Celiac, Ambler, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Cheinquer, Nelson AU - Cheinquer N AD - Takeda, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Grebe, Kristie AU - Grebe K AD - Anokion, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. AD - Navigator Medicines, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Tulabandula, Bhargav AU - Tulabandula B AD - Takeda, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Leffler, Daniel A AU - Leffler DA AD - Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. AD - Chugai Pharmaceuticals, Berkeley Height, New Jersey, USA. CN - Beyond Celiac Coalition LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260728 PL - England TA - Aliment Pharmacol Ther JT - Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics JID - 8707234 SB - IM MH - *Celiac Disease/diet therapy/drug therapy MH - Humans MH - *Diet, Gluten-Free MH - United States MH - *Clinical Trials as Topic MH - United States Food and Drug Administration MH - *Drug Development PMC - PMC13559503 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Beyond Celiac Coalition OT - Food and Drug Administration OT - coeliac disease OT - drug development COIS- Lisa M. Fahey: None. Robert Anderson: Shareholder and Director, Novoviah Pharmaceuticals Pty. Ltd., Brisbane Queensland Australia. No grants; Shareholder and Director, JM Clinical Pty Ltd, Brisbane, Queensland Australia. No grants; Consultant to: Topas Therapeutics GmbH, Hamburg, Germany; Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd/Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge MA USA; Forte Bioscience Inc., Dallas TX, USA; Barinthus Biotherapeutics, Germantown, MD, USA; Immunic AG, Grafelfing, Germany; Universal Cells-ASTELLAS LLC US, Seattle, WA, USA; AMYRA Biotech AG, Basel, Switzerland; DBV, Paris, France; EVOQ Therapeutics, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Kanyos Bio Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA; Kerna Ventures; Catalys Pacific; Georgiamune Inc.; Sonoma Biotherapeutics Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA; Switchback Therapeutics Inc.; TregTherapeutics Inc., NC, USA. Edwin Liu: Takeda consultant, UpToDate contributor. Joseph A. Murray: None. Marie E. Robert: Consultant for Takeda, Anokion, Alimentiv, Teva, BMS. Salary support from AstraZeneca. Jocelyn Anne Silvester: Consulting (last 5 years): Alimentiv, Chugai Pharmaceuticals, GLG, Guidepoint, Lumanity, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Teva Pharmaceuticals. Research Grants to Institution (last 5 years): Amgen, Glutenostics LLC, Janssen, Milky Way Life Sciences, Takeda Pharmaceuticals. Foundation Grants (last 5 years): Allan Foundation, American College of Gastroenterology, Beyond Celiac, Celiac Disease Foundation, Chan Zuckerburg Initiative, Global Autoimmune Institute, North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition. Kate Avery: Consultant to Chugai Pharmaceuticals. Nelson Cheinquer: Employee of Takeda Development Center Americas and is a stockholder in Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited. Kristie Grebe: At time of the meeting, was an Anokion employee and shareholder, currently Navigator Medicines employee and shareholder. Bhargav Tulabandula: Employee of Takeda Development Center Americas and is a stockholder in Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited. Daniel A. Leffler: Employee of Chugai Pharma; Board Member of Foundation for Celiac Disease Outcome Measures. Potential conflicts of interest are outlined above in the disclosure section. EDAT- 2026/07/29 06:35 MHDA- 2026/09/10 11:54 PMCR- 2026/09/10 CRDT- 2026/07/29 00:23 PHST- 2026/07/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/09/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/10 11:54 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/29 06:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/29 00:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - APT70873 [pii] AID - 10.1111/apt.70873 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2026 Oct;64(7):890-896. doi: 10.1111/apt.70873. Epub 2026 Jul 28. PMID- 42521910 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260729 LR - 20260819 IS - 1539-0829 (Electronic) IS - 1534-4827 (Print) IS - 1534-4827 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 29 TI - Insulin-Related Disordered Eating Behaviour: A Scoping Review of Evidence. LID - 10.1007/s11892-026-01637-2 [doi] LID - 23 AB - PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Current understanding of insulin-related disordered eating behaviour is limited by inconsistencies in terminology and measurement. Prevalence of the behaviour and characteristics of individuals are unclear. How best to intervene and with whom is therefore unknown. This scoping review summarises existing knowledge as a first step to addressing the problem. Eligible sources investigated individuals with T1D restricting or inflating insulin with disordered eating motivations. Charted data included study aims, sample characteristics, measures, and key findings. RECENT FINDINGS: Samples converged on adolescent females in USA, Canada and western Europe. Numerous measures were used, few had received extensive validation. Prevalence estimates, and models of development and maintenance were inconsistent. The validity and generalisability of measures should be improved, particularly so that diverse perspectives (e.g., males, non-Western cultures), so far overlooked, are captured. Identity and social relationships appeared particularly important in the development and maintenance of insulin-related disordered eating behaviour and recovery, and could be a potential target for interventions. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Shelford, Amy AU - Shelford A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2666-1144 AD - School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights Campus, RG6 6ES, Reading, England. a.shelford@pgr.reading.ac.uk. FAU - Jenkins, Paul E AU - Jenkins PE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1673-2903 AD - School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights Campus, RG6 6ES, Reading, England. FAU - Harvey, Kate AU - Harvey K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6819-0934 AD - School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights Campus, RG6 6ES, Reading, England. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Scoping Review DEP - 20260729 PL - United States TA - Curr Diab Rep JT - Current diabetes reports JID - 101093791 RN - 0 (Insulin) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Feeding and Eating Disorders/epidemiology/chemically induced/psychology MH - *Insulin/adverse effects/administration & dosage MH - Female MH - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/drug therapy/psychology MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology PMC - PMC13415336 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Type 1 diabetes OT - insulin inflation OT - insulin restriction OT - insulin-related disordered eating behaviour COIS- Declarations. Human or Animal Rights: This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/29 00:35 MHDA- 2026/07/29 18:39 PMCR- 2026/07/29 CRDT- 2026/07/28 23:23 PHST- 2025/09/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/29 18:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/29 00:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/28 23:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s11892-026-01637-2 [pii] AID - 1637 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s11892-026-01637-2 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Curr Diab Rep. 2026 Jul 29;26(1):23. doi: 10.1007/s11892-026-01637-2. PMID- 42520924 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261016 LR - 20261022 IS - 2210-741X (Electronic) IS - 2210-7401 (Linking) VI - 50 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Sarcopenia in decompensated cirrhosis: a comparative analysis of bioelectrical impedance-based measures. PG - 102893 LID - S2210-7401(26)00139-7 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.clinre.2026.102893 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Sarcopenia is highly prevalent in decompensated cirrhosis and strongly associated with adverse clinical outcomes. While bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) offers multiple body composition indices, the optimal approach remains uncertain. AIM: To evaluate the prevalence and comparative prognostic performance of Phase Angle (PA) versus other BIA-derived sarcopenia indices in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. METHODS: This prospective observational study included 155 patients with decompensated cirrhosis and ascites who underwent multi-frequency BIA. Sarcopenia was defined using sex-specific cutoffs for PA and four additional BIA-derived indices. Prognostic associations with mortality and infections were assessed through fully adjusted logistic and Cox regression models. RESULTS: Sarcopenia prevalence ranged between 40% and 50% across indices in the primary analysis. Although prevalence estimates were comparable, PA demonstrated superior prognostic performance. Low PA was independently associated with increased 12-month mortality (OR 2.28, 95% CI 1.52-3.42; p < 0.001) and infection risk (OR 1.95, 95% CI 1.32-2.88; p = 0.001), outperforming mass-based indices even after extensive adjustment. Each 1 degrees increase in PA was associated with a 29% reduction in mortality risk (HR 0.71, 95% CI 0.55-0.91; p = 0.008). These associations remained consistent across clinically relevant subgroups, including different ascites severities, Child-Pugh classes, and HCC status. PA also strongly predicted 90-day mortality and hospital readmissions. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with decompensated cirrhosis, PA provides significant added prognostic value beyond traditional BIA-derived muscle mass indices. This readily available bedside parameter may enhance risk stratification and support individualized nutritional and rehabilitative interventions. Its incremental utility warrants further validation in larger multicenter studies. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. FAU - Elsabaawy, Maha AU - Elsabaawy M AD - Hepatology and Gastroenterology Department, National Liver Institute Menoufia University, Shebeen Elkoom, Egypt; Therapeutic Nutrition Department, National Liver Institute Menoufia University, Shebeen Elkoom, Egypt. Electronic address: maha.ahmed@liver.menofia.edu.eg. FAU - Ragab, Mohammed AU - Ragab M AD - Hepatology and Gastroenterology Department, National Liver Institute Menoufia University, Shebeen Elkoom, Egypt. FAU - Al-Khalifa, Maymona AU - Al-Khalifa M AD - Therapeutic Nutrition Department, National Liver Institute Menoufia University, Shebeen Elkoom, Egypt. FAU - Gamil, Khaled AU - Gamil K AD - Hepatology and Gastroenterology Department, National Liver Institute Menoufia University, Shebeen Elkoom, Egypt. FAU - Elfayoumy, Marwa AU - Elfayoumy M AD - Hepatology and Gastroenterology Department, National Liver Institute Menoufia University, Shebeen Elkoom, Egypt; Therapeutic Nutrition Department, National Liver Institute Menoufia University, Shebeen Elkoom, Egypt. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260728 PL - France TA - Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol JT - Clinics and research in hepatology and gastroenterology JID - 101553659 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Sarcopenia/epidemiology/diagnosis/etiology/complications MH - *Electric Impedance MH - Female MH - *Liver Cirrhosis/complications/mortality MH - Male MH - Prospective Studies MH - Prognosis MH - Middle Aged MH - Prevalence MH - Aged MH - Ascites OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bioelectrical impedance analysis OT - Decompensated cirrhosis OT - Phase angle OT - Prognosis OT - Sarcopenia COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose. EDAT- 2026/07/29 00:35 MHDA- 2026/10/16 23:33 CRDT- 2026/07/28 19:18 PHST- 2026/02/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/16 23:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/29 00:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/28 19:18 [entrez] AID - S2210-7401(26)00139-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.clinre.2026.102893 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol. 2026 Oct;50(8):102893. doi: 10.1016/j.clinre.2026.102893. Epub 2026 Jul 28. PMID- 42520891 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261020 LR - 20261020 IS - 2212-2672 (Print) IS - 2212-2672 (Linking) VI - 126 IP - 11 DP - 2026 Nov TI - Reliability and Validity of a Parent-Reported Diet Quality Screener for Young Children: The Rapid Prime Diet Quality Score for Kids. PG - 156425 LID - S2212-2672(26)00140-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jand.2026.156425 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Pediatric dietary assessment is challenging, particularly for young children who cannot accurately report their own intake. Many existing measures are burdensome for proxy-reporters, and briefer dietary screeners focus on specific dietary components but not total diet quality. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate the reliability and validity of an adapted brief parent-reported diet quality screener; that is, the rapid Prime Diet Quality Score for Kids (rPDQS-Kids), in relation to food groups and overall diet quality estimated from repeated Automated Self-Administered 24-Hour Dietary Assessment Tool (ASA24) diet recalls for young children. DESIGN: This was a cross-sectional study that evaluated the psychometric properties of the 16-item rPDQS-Kids. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING: Participants of this study included parents of children aged 1 to 4 years participating in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (N = 175) in the state of Massachusetts from January 2024 to February 2025. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Information about consumption frequencies was reported by parents using the rPDQS-Kids screener. Mean intake and overall diet quality were also assessed using 2 24-hour recalls. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED: Test-retest reliability and internal consistency of the rPDQS-Kids were evaluated. Criterion validity was assessed by comparing the rPDQS-Kids diet quality score with the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) score (HEI-2020 for children aged 2 to 4 years or HEI-Toddlers-2020 for children aged 1 up to 2 years). RESULTS: The rPDQS-Kids showed moderate test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient for total score 0.69; 95% CI, 0.62 to 0.75). Consistent with a priori hypotheses, internal consistency reliability was low, with ordinal alpha = .27 and ordinal alpha = .34 for the healthy and unhealthy subscores, respectively. Further, a significant correlation was observed between the rPDQS-Kids traffic light diet quality score and HEI-2020 total score among children aged 2 to 4 years (r = 0.32) (P < .001) (n = 127). Among children aged 1 to 2 years (n = 48), rPDQS-Kids was not significantly correlated with the HEI-Toddlers-2020 (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS: The parent-reported rPDQS-Kids shows potential as a low-burden tool for measuring young children's dietary quality. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Hammad, Nour M AU - Hammad NM AD - Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts. Electronic address: nourhammad@fas.harvard.edu. FAU - Zimmer, Meghan AU - Zimmer M AD - Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts. FAU - Mozaffarian, Rebecca S AU - Mozaffarian RS AD - Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts. FAU - Rimm, Eric B AU - Rimm EB AD - Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. FAU - Kenney, Erica L AU - Kenney EL AD - Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260728 PL - United States TA - J Acad Nutr Diet JT - Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics JID - 101573920 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Child, Preschool MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Infant MH - Parents MH - Male MH - *Nutrition Assessment MH - *Diet/statistics & numerical data/standards MH - Psychometrics MH - *Diet Surveys/methods/standards MH - Massachusetts MH - *Diet, Healthy/statistics & numerical data MH - Mental Recall OTO - NOTNLM OT - Diet quality OT - Dietary assessment OT - PDQS OT - Preschool-aged children OT - WIC EDAT- 2026/07/29 00:35 MHDA- 2026/10/20 23:28 CRDT- 2026/07/28 19:18 PHST- 2025/05/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/20 23:28 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/29 00:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/28 19:18 [entrez] AID - S2212-2672(26)00140-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jand.2026.156425 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Acad Nutr Diet. 2026 Nov;126(11):156425. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2026.156425. Epub 2026 Jul 28. PMID- 42520436 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260909 LR - 20260914 IS - 1872-6283 (Electronic) IS - 0379-0738 (Linking) VI - 388 DP - 2026 Nov TI - Diagnostic utility of the drowning index: A review of the literature and analysis of 7105 Danish autopsy cases. PG - 113075 LID - S0379-0738(26)00262-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.forsciint.2026.113075 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AND AIM: Drowning is a diagnosis of exclusion that relies on circumstantial scene- and autopsy findings. The drowning index (DI) was constructed in previous publications as a suggested aid in the diagnosis of drowning by relating lung weight to spleen weight. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the DI in distinguishing drowning from other causes of death associated with increased lung weight and a group of hanging deaths. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using a database of 22,872 Danish autopsy cases, from which 7105 cases of either drowning, cardiac death, poisoning and hanging were selected. DI was calculated for each case. Descriptive statistics and group-wise comparison using Kruskal-Wallis with pairwise Wilcoxon post hoc testing, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis were performed. A literature review was conducted for comparison. RESULTS: Mean drowning index was significantly higher in drowning (n = 427) cases (15.48) compared with other causes of death (hanging: 8.89, heart failure: 10.24 and poisoning: 10.45). ROC analysis combined with Youden's index identified an optimal DI cut-off of approximately 11, corresponding to a sensitivity of 56% (CI: 51.1-60.7) and a specificity of 67.2% (CI: 66.1-68.4). Findings from the literature review were broadly comparable. CONCLUSION: In this largest study of the DI to date, we propose that the DI is best interpreted as a graded measure of evidential strength for drowning as a cause of death, rather than a dichotomous diagnostic marker. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Jorgensen, Kristian Brochner AU - Jorgensen KB AD - Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Frederik V's Vej 11, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark. Electronic address: tzs584@alumni.ku.dk. FAU - Busch, Johannes Rodbro AU - Busch JR AD - Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Frederik V's Vej 11, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark. FAU - Wingren, Carl Johan AU - Wingren CJ AD - Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Frederik V's Vej 11, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260724 PL - Ireland TA - Forensic Sci Int JT - Forensic science international JID - 7902034 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Drowning/diagnosis MH - Denmark/epidemiology MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Lung/pathology MH - Spleen/pathology MH - Organ Size MH - Female MH - ROC Curve MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Adult MH - Neck Injuries/mortality/diagnosis/pathology MH - Asphyxia/diagnosis/mortality MH - Sensitivity and Specificity MH - Forensic Pathology MH - Aged MH - Poisoning/diagnosis MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - Aged, 80 and over OTO - NOTNLM OT - Drowning OT - Drowning index OT - Forensic pathology OT - Postmortem diagnostics COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors have no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article. EDAT- 2026/07/29 00:35 MHDA- 2026/09/09 23:36 CRDT- 2026/07/28 18:04 PHST- 2026/05/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/09 23:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/29 00:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/28 18:04 [entrez] AID - S0379-0738(26)00262-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.forsciint.2026.113075 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Forensic Sci Int. 2026 Nov;388:113075. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2026.113075. Epub 2026 Jul 24. PMID- 42520377 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260926 LR - 20260930 IS - 1872-7727 (Electronic) IS - 0720-048X (Linking) VI - 204 DP - 2026 Nov TI - Radiological evaluation of the natural history of PIK3CA-related overgrowth spectrum (PROS). PG - 113108 LID - S0720-048X(26)00456-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ejrad.2026.113108 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: PIK3CA-related overgrowth spectrum (PROS) comprises a heterogeneous group of disorders caused by postzygotic activating variants in PIK3CA, leading to mosaic activation of the PI3K pathway. The natural history of PROS is highly variable and depends on the timing and distribution of the somatic mutation. To better characterize its radiological progression, we analyzed a cohort of patients with PROS. METHODS: This multicenter study was conducted at Hopital Femme Mere Enfant (Lyon) and Hopital Necker-Enfants Malades (Paris). Pediatric and adult patients with a confirmed PIK3CA variant and at least two MRI examinations performed >/= 2 months apart were included. Patients who underwent interventional surgical or radiological procedures, or who received targeted therapies, were excluded. Target lesions were identified on baseline MRI and evaluated on follow-up scans according to RECIST criteria. RESULTS: Among 67 PROS patients screened between 2008 and 2021, 30 met the inclusion criteria, including 43.3 % children (13/30) and 43.3 % females (13/30). The median age at first MRI was 19 years (interquartile range 5-34). Lesions involved the head and neck region (10/30), trunk and upper limbs (10/30), and lower limbs (10/30), with some patients presenting multisite involvement. Over a median follow-up of 75.7 months (range 2.1-160.3), 83.3 % (n = 25) of patients had progressive disease, with a median increase of 36.6 % in lesion size (range 2.6-230.7 %) and a median annualized growth rate of 7.2 %/year (range 0.6-40.1 %). CONCLUSION: This study provides the first radiological description of PROS natural history, showing that tissue malformations generally enlarge over time and often continue progressing into adulthood. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Fraissenon, Antoine AU - Fraissenon A AD - INSERM U1151, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France; Centre de Reference des Anomalies Vasculaires Superficielles, Imagerie Pediatrique, hopital Femme-Mere-Enfant, HCL, Bron, France; CREATIS UMR 5220, Villeurbanne, France; Service de Radiologie Mere-Enfant, hopital Nord, Saint Etienne, France. FAU - Morin, Gabriel AU - Morin G AD - INSERM U1151, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France; Universite Paris Cite, Paris, France; Unite de Medecine Translationnelle et Therapies Ciblees, Hopital Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Paris, France; Centre d'Investigation Clinique - Unite de Recherche Clinique Mere-Enfant Necker-Cochin, Hopital Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Paris, France. FAU - Boddaert, Nathalie AU - Boddaert N AD - Universite Paris Cite, Paris, France; Institut Imagine INSERM U1163, F-75015 Paris France; Paediatric Radiology Department, AP-HP, Hopital Necker Enfants Malades, Paris France. FAU - Loiselet, Klervie AU - Loiselet K AD - Institut Imagine INSERM U1163, F-75015 Paris France; Paediatric Radiology Department, AP-HP, Hopital Necker Enfants Malades, Paris France. FAU - Berteloot, Laureline AU - Berteloot L AD - Institut Imagine INSERM U1163, F-75015 Paris France; Paediatric Radiology Department, AP-HP, Hopital Necker Enfants Malades, Paris France. FAU - Guibaud, Laurent AU - Guibaud L AD - INSERM U1151, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France; Centre de Reference des Anomalies Vasculaires Superficielles, Imagerie Pediatrique, hopital Femme-Mere-Enfant, HCL, Bron, France. FAU - Canaud, Guillaume AU - Canaud G AD - INSERM U1151, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France; Universite Paris Cite, Paris, France; Unite de Medecine Translationnelle et Therapies Ciblees, Hopital Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Paris, France; Centre d'Investigation Clinique - Unite de Recherche Clinique Mere-Enfant Necker-Cochin, Hopital Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Paris, France. Electronic address: guillaume.canaud@inserm.fr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study DEP - 20260724 PL - Ireland TA - Eur J Radiol JT - European journal of radiology JID - 8106411 RN - EC 2.7.1.137 (PIK3CA protein, human) RN - EC 2.7.1.137 (Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases) RN - EC 2.7.1.- (Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/genetics MH - *Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Adult MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - *Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/genetics MH - Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics/epidemiology MH - *Growth Disorders/genetics MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Sensitivity and Specificity COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Dr. Canaud receives or has received consulting fees from Novartis, Fresenius Medical Care, Vaderis, Alkermes, IPSEN and BridgeBio. EDAT- 2026/07/29 00:35 MHDA- 2026/09/26 05:34 CRDT- 2026/07/28 18:02 PHST- 2026/06/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/26 05:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/29 00:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/28 18:02 [entrez] AID - S0720-048X(26)00456-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ejrad.2026.113108 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Radiol. 2026 Nov;204:113108. doi: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2026.113108. Epub 2026 Jul 24. PMID- 42519260 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260729 LR - 20260813 IS - 2168-8184 (Print) IS - 2168-8184 (Electronic) IS - 2168-8184 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Admission Respiratory Rate-Oxygenation Index and Outcome of Acute Respiratory Illness in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit. PG - e111005 LID - 10.7759/cureus.111005 [doi] LID - e111005 AB - Background Acute respiratory illness (ARI) remains a leading cause of pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admissions and mortality in low- and middle-income countries. Early identification of children at risk of deterioration or ventilatory support is essential to improve outcomes. The Respiratory Rate-Oxygenation (ROX) Index, defined as (peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO(2))/fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO(2)))/respiratory rate, is a non-invasive bedside tool validated in adults with respiratory failure; however, pediatric evidence is scarce. Objectives To evaluate the association of admission ROX Index with (1) mortality and (2) the requirement for positive-pressure ventilation (PPV) among children with ARI admitted to the PICU. Methods A prospective observational study was conducted among 200 consecutively admitted children aged two months to five years with ARI at a tertiary-care hospital. Demographic, anthropometric, and physiological parameters were recorded at admission. The ROX index was computed as (SpO(2)/FiO(2))/respiratory rate. Primary outcomes were in-hospital mortality and need for PPV. Data were analyzed using non-parametric tests and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis; p<0.05 was considered significant (STATA v14; StataCorp LLC, College Station, TX, US). Results The median age was seven months (IQR 4-12); 131 (65.5%) were male patients, and severe undernutrition (weight-for-age Z-score <-3 SD) was observed in 36 (18%) children. Overall mortality was 7% (14/200). The median admission ROX index was lower among non-survivors (5.6 (5.2-6.4)) than survivors (6.3 (5.9-7.1); p=0.002). The ROX index showed moderate discrimination for mortality (AUC=0.746; 95% CI 0.62-0.87) with an optimal cut-off 0.05). SHAP and TabNet analyses highlighted screen time, sleep duration, parental obesity, physical activity and diet as key predictors. CONCLUSION: The GenAI-enhanced stacking ensemble model accurately predicts adolescent obesity, with strong calibration and interpretability. It identifies behavioural and familial determinants, supporting school and community deployment for early detection and prevention. CI - Copyright (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. Published by BMJ Group. FAU - Rakshitha, Jayashankar AU - Rakshitha J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2011-1790 AD - Department Of Community Medicine, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India. FAU - Sunil Kumar, Doddaiah AU - Sunil Kumar D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8755-3975 AD - Department Of Community Medicine, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India. FAU - Santhosh Kumar, M AU - Santhosh Kumar M AD - Department of Pediatrics, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India. FAU - Arun, Vanishri AU - Arun V AD - Department of Information Science and Engineering, JSS Science and Technology University, Mysuru, Karnataka, India. FAU - Krishnamurthy, Kamidi Venkatesh AU - Krishnamurthy KV AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4433-8567 AD - Department Of Community Medicine, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260723 PL - England TA - BMJ Public Health JT - BMJ public health JID - 9918697578906676 PMC - PMC13405018 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent OT - Body Mass Index OT - Obesity OT - Risk Assessment COIS- None declared. EDAT- 2026/07/28 06:37 MHDA- 2026/07/28 06:38 PMCR- 2026/07/23 CRDT- 2026/07/28 04:39 PHST- 2025/12/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/28 04:39 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjph-2025-004650 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjph-2025-004650 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Public Health. 2026 Jul 23;4(3):e004650. doi: 10.1136/bmjph-2025-004650. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42516461 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260729 LR - 20260927 IS - 2168-8184 (Print) IS - 2168-8184 (Electronic) IS - 2168-8184 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Intimate Partner Violence and Childhood Nutritional Outcomes in Madhya Pradesh: Secondary Analysis of National Family Health Survey-5 (NFHS-5) Data. PG - e111586 LID - 10.7759/cureus.111586 [doi] LID - e111586 AB - BACKGROUND: Intimate partner violence (IPV) and childhood undernutrition represent co-occurring public health challenges in Madhya Pradesh (MP), India. This study examined the association between maternal IPV exposure and child health outcomes, including stunting, wasting, and underweight, using data from the National Family Health Survey-5 (NFHS-5), 2019-21. METHOD: A cross-sectional secondary data analysis was conducted using NFHS-5 Individual Recode and Children's Recode files for MP. The files were merged at the household level, yielding 1,820 mother-child pairs. IPV was assessed using the validated domestic violence (DV) module (n=4,519 women in the 50% subsample). Child outcomes were defined using WHO anthropometric Z-scores. Multivariable binary logistic regression estimated adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for exogenous sociodemographic confounders, including place of residence, maternal education, wealth index, and maternal age. Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) sampling weights were applied throughout. RESULTS: IPV prevalence was 28.3% among the DV subsample. Stunting, wasting, and underweight were observed in 36.4%, 18.7%, and 33.4% of children, respectively. After adjustment, IPV was not independently associated with stunting (aOR=1.071, 95% CI: 0.833-1.376, p=0.592), wasting (aOR=0.825, 95% CI: 0.601-1.132, p=0.234), or underweight (aOR=0.912, 95% CI: 0.708-1.174, p=0.475). The household wealth index emerged as the dominant, strongly protective independent predictor across all child health metrics (stunting and underweight: p<0.001; wasting: p=0.017). CONCLUSION: IPV and pediatric malnutrition represent concurrent, intersecting vulnerabilities within MP, but structural poverty is the primary independent predictor of anthropometric failure. Effective policy responses must shift beyond isolated vertical programmes, integrating gender-based violence prevention within maternal and child health platforms alongside robust household economic empowerment. CI - Copyright (c) 2026, Adhikari et al. FAU - Adhikari, Shubhankar AU - Adhikari S AD - Community Medicine, Chirayu Medical College & Hospital, Bhopal, IND. FAU - Mishra, Jaya AU - Mishra J AD - Community Medicine, Chirayu Medical College & Hospital, Bhopal, IND. FAU - Singh, Siddharth AU - Singh S AD - Community Medicine, Chirayu Medical College & Hospital, Bhopal, IND. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260626 PL - United States TA - Cureus JT - Cureus JID - 101596737 PMC - PMC13402441 OTO - NOTNLM OT - child nutrition OT - demographic and health survey OT - domestic violence OT - india OT - intimate partner violence OT - nfhs-5 OT - population-based dataset OT - poshan abhiyaan OT - stunting OT - wasting COIS- Human subjects: Informed consent for treatment and open access publication was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work. EDAT- 2026/07/28 06:36 MHDA- 2026/07/28 06:37 PMCR- 2026/06/26 CRDT- 2026/07/28 04:37 PHST- 2026/06/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/28 04:37 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.7759/cureus.111586 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cureus. 2026 Jun 26;18(6):e111586. doi: 10.7759/cureus.111586. eCollection 2026 Jun. PMID- 42516430 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260729 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-4185 (Print) IS - 2296-4185 (Electronic) IS - 2296-4185 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Scaling correction in pediatric center-of-pressure analysis: a dual-track computational framework for standardized balance assessment. PG - 1857252 LID - 10.3389/fbioe.2026.1857252 [doi] LID - 1857252 AB - OBJECTIVE: In this study, we developed and validated a standardized computational framework for pediatric balance assessment by integrating anthropometric normalization and a dual-track analytical architecture into a unified center-of-pressure (COP) signal-processing pipeline. METHODS: This study included 90 typically developing children. They were stratified into age groups of 4, 6, and 10 years (n = 30 per group), balanced by sex. The children performed bipedal stance tasks under eyes-open and eyes-closed conditions. Static balance was assessed using a Zebris force platform (120 Hz). COP sway area, mediolateral displacement, and anteroposterior displacement were measured. Two parallel datasets were processed that included raw COP signals and leg length-normalized COP signals. Both datasets were subjected to 2 (sex) x 3 (age) analysis of variance to evaluate scaling sensitivity. Coefficients of variation were computed to assess system-level dispersion. RESULTS: Anthropometric normalization markedly increased parameter sensitivity. Under the eyes-open condition, normalized COP sway area and anteroposterior displacement revealed age effects not detectable in the raw dataset, indicating scaling bias in uncorrected COP signals. The dual-track comparison confirmed that normalization functions as a computational validation component rather than a statistical add-on. For most COP parameters, the coefficients of variation exceeded 50%, indicating substantial interindividual variability consistent with developmental heterogeneity rather than measurement error. CONCLUSION: The proposed framework advances pediatric balance assessment from a descriptive developmental comparison to a standardized, bias-aware signal-processing architecture. By integrating anthropometric scaling correction and dual-track validation into a unified COP signal-processing pipeline, the framework enhances scaling sensitivity, inferential validity, and reproducibility. It is readily deployable within intelligent clinical screening systems and supports the development of age-stratified reference databases and early detection algorithms for pediatric neuromotor assessment. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Sha, Lin and Chiu. FAU - Sha, Liwa AU - Sha L AD - Department of Sports Training, Jilin Sport University, Changchun, Jilin, China. AD - Department of Education and Learning Technology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan. FAU - Lin, Tzu-Cheng AU - Lin TC AD - Department of Kinesiology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan. FAU - Chiu, Wen Hsin AU - Chiu WH AD - Department of Kinesiology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260713 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Bioeng Biotechnol JT - Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology JID - 101632513 PMC - PMC13402384 OTO - NOTNLM OT - anthropometric normalization OT - center of pressure OT - computational validation OT - dual-track analysis OT - pediatric postural control OT - scaling correction OT - stabilometry COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/28 06:37 MHDA- 2026/07/28 06:38 PMCR- 2026/07/13 CRDT- 2026/07/28 04:37 PHST- 2026/04/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/28 04:37 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 1857252 [pii] AID - 10.3389/fbioe.2026.1857252 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2026 Jul 13;14:1857252. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2026.1857252. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42516262 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260729 LR - 20260921 IS - 1939-795X (Print) IS - 1939-795X (Electronic) IS - 1939-795X (Linking) VI - 19 IP - 2 DP - 2026 TI - Qualities of Effective Nutrition Education Interventions in Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. PG - 2015 LID - 10.70252/IJES2026215 [doi] LID - 2015 AB - Nutrition knowledge (NK) is consistently reported as low among athletes, potentially limiting optimal dietary intake, performance, recovery, and overall health outcomes. Sports dietitians have a responsibility to provide effective nutrition education and increase NK in athletes. Nutrition education interventions have been shown to improve NK, but practical application standards for designing and conducting nutrition interventions in athletes has yet to be established. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to measure the overall effect of nutrition education interventions on NK in athletes and identify characteristics of nutrition education interventions that effectively increase NK. Seven databases (Academic Search Premier, SPORTDiscus, MEDLINE, ERIC, Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition, CINAHL Plus with Full Text, and Consumer Health Complete) were searched, yielding 125 studies. Fourteen studies met inclusion criteria and represented 755 athletes (ages 10-32) from various sports. SPSS was utilized to perform the meta-analysis with a random-effects model and DerSimonian-Laird procedure, and effect size (ES) estimates were expressed as Hedges' g. The overall ES of nutrition education intervention on NK was .949 (p < .001, 95% CI [.728, 1.171]), indicating a large statistically significant positive effect. Moderator analyses indicated that study design (Q = 12.577, p < .001), mode of intervention (Q = 17.479, p < .001), length (Q = 12.029, p = .002), and use of validated NK survey (Q = 19.430, p < .001) significantly influenced variation in ES. No significant differences were found for intervention type and participant age. Funnel plot asymmetry suggests potential publication bias, although Egger's test was nonsignificant (p = .897). Findings support the overall effectiveness of nutrition education interventions and provide practical insight into factors that may contribute to their success. FAU - Boyum, Lara AU - Boyum L AD - Department of Nutrition and Hospitality Management, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA. AD - Center for Health & Sports Performance, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA. FAU - Gilmore, Brooke AU - Gilmore B AD - Department of Nutrition and Hospitality Management, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA. AD - Center for Health & Sports Performance, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA. FAU - Franks, Corbit AU - Franks C AD - Center for Health & Sports Performance, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA. AD - Department of Health, Exercise Science, & Recreation Management, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA. AD - Human Movement & High-Performance Lab, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA. FAU - Kang, Minsoo AU - Kang M AD - Center for Health & Sports Performance, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA. AD - Health & Sport Analytics Laboratory, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260601 PL - United States TA - Int J Exerc Sci JT - International journal of exercise science JID - 101513127 PMC - PMC13405668 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Sports nutrition OT - adolescent athlete OT - performance outcomes OT - registered dietitian EDAT- 2026/07/28 06:37 MHDA- 2026/07/28 06:38 PMCR- 2026/06/01 CRDT- 2026/07/28 04:35 PHST- 2026/07/28 06:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/28 04:35 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ijes-19-2-15 [pii] AID - 10.70252/IJES2026215 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Exerc Sci. 2026 Jun 1;19(2):2015. doi: 10.70252/IJES2026215. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42515770 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260729 LR - 20260813 IS - 1424-8247 (Print) IS - 1424-8247 (Electronic) IS - 1424-8247 (Linking) VI - 19 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul 15 TI - Advancing Pediatric Dose Scaling: Strategies, Modeling Approaches, and Clinical Applications. LID - 10.3390/ph19071090 [doi] LID - 1090 AB - Background/Objectives: Selecting appropriate doses for pediatric patients remains one of the most complex challenges in drug development because developmental changes in physiology, metabolism, organ function, and pharmacodynamics substantially influence drug exposure and response. This review summarizes current evidence-based approaches to pediatric dose selection across the developmental continuum and evaluates contemporary model-informed strategies for individualized dosing. Methods: A narrative review of the literature was conducted focusing on pediatric dose-scaling methodologies, developmental pharmacology, physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling, population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) approaches, exposure-response analysis, therapeutic drug monitoring, and regulatory extrapolation frameworks. Special populations and clinical scenarios relevant to pediatric dose optimization were also evaluated. Results: Simple body weight-based scaling from adult doses inadequately accounts for developmental changes in drug disposition and response. Allometric scaling combined with maturation functions provides improved dose prediction in neonates and infants, while PBPK and PopPK modeling support mechanistic and data-driven dose optimization across pediatric age groups. Fat-free-mass (FFM)-based scaling is preferred over total body weight for many drugs in children with obesity. Additional considerations including obesity, biologics, formulation and excipient safety, pharmacogenomics, critical illness, therapeutic hypothermia, extracorporeal support, therapeutic drug monitoring, and drug-drug interactions substantially influence pediatric dosing strategies. Regulatory frameworks including ICH E11A increasingly support model-informed pediatric extrapolation and precision dosing approaches. Conclusions: Pediatric dose selection has evolved from empirical weight-based dosing toward integrated model-informed strategies incorporating developmental physiology, pharmacometrics, and regulatory science. Allometry, maturation functions, FFM-based scaling, PBPK, PopPK, and therapeutic drug monitoring provide complementary tools for rational pediatric dose optimization, although drug- and pathway-specific validation remains essential, particularly in neonates and critically ill children. FAU - Kudgus Lokken, Rachel A AU - Kudgus Lokken RA AD - Allucent, Cary, NC 27513, USA. FAU - Illamola, Silvia M AU - Illamola SM AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. FAU - Job, Kathleen M AU - Job KM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0255-654X AD - Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA. FAU - Al-Sallami, Hesham S AU - Al-Sallami HS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0685-327X AD - College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar. FAU - 't Jong, Geert W AU - 't Jong GW AD - Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada. FAU - Reith, David M AU - Reith DM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2447-365X AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand. FAU - Birnbaum, Angela K AU - Birnbaum AK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3969-4906 AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. AD - Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA. AD - Center for Clinical and Cognitive Neuropharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. AD - Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. FAU - Sherwin, Catherine M AU - Sherwin CM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0844-3207 AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. AD - Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA. AD - Internal Medicine, UWA Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. AD - Differentia Biotech Ltd., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA. AD - Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, OH 45435, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260715 PL - Switzerland TA - Pharmaceuticals (Basel) JT - Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101238453 PMC - PMC13415250 OTO - NOTNLM OT - PBPK modeling OT - allometric scaling OT - dose scaling OT - model-informed drug development (MIDD) OT - neonatal OT - ontogeny OT - pediatric pharmacokinetics OT - pharmacometrics OT - population pharmacokinetics COIS- R.A.K.L. is an employee of Allucent, Cary, NC, USA. C.M.S. is an employee of Differentia Biotech Ltd. but has no stocks, equity, or financial interests in the company. C.M.S. is a Guest Editor for Pharmaceuticals; however, she was not involved in the peer review process or editorial decision-making for this manuscript. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as potential conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/28 06:37 MHDA- 2026/07/28 06:38 PMCR- 2026/07/15 CRDT- 2026/07/28 01:23 PHST- 2026/05/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/28 01:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ph19071090 [pii] AID - pharmaceuticals-19-01090 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ph19071090 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2026 Jul 15;19(7):1090. doi: 10.3390/ph19071090. PMID- 42515520 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260729 LR - 20260813 IS - 1424-8220 (Electronic) IS - 1424-8220 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 14 DP - 2026 Jul 22 TI - Skeleton-Based Activity Recognition for Children with Autism Using Graph Convolutional Networks. LID - 10.3390/s26144638 [doi] LID - 4638 AB - Movement-based and physical activity programs are central tools in autism intervention, so recognizing the activities a child performs during therapy is valuable for objective progress tracking. Manual monitoring of these sessions is time-consuming and subjective, and raw videos raise privacy concerns because it shows identifiable children. We address autism therapeutic activity recognition from privacy-preserving 2D skeletons, and we focus on the practical difficulty of how several therapeutic activities differ only in subtle motion details. As a backbone, we adopt ProtoGCN, a graph convolutional network that represents each action as a combination of learnable motion prototypes. However, this contrastive backbone organizes all classes at once, so it does not enforce a margin between the few pairs that remain entangled after training. We therefore introduce a Refine-Confusable (RC) module, a training-only regularizer that pushes apart the empirically most-confused class pairs using a hinge-margin loss over momentum-updated class centroids. The module changes neither the backbone nor the inference cost. On the MMASD dataset, restricted to the ten-class 2D-skeleton configuration, the RC module improves the base model across random, session-independent, and subject-independent evaluation. The gain is largest on the strictest subject-independent split and a clip-level analysis confirms that this improvement is statistically significant. Under the protocol-matched holdout, the method reaches 96.30% accuracy with 0.959 macro-F1, surpassing recent 2D-skeleton baselines while keeping a lightweight and privacy-preserving modality. The improvements are modest, as expected on a small clinical dataset, and t-SNE and prototype visualizations show that the learned representation is discriminative and interpretable. FAU - Ay, Betul AU - Ay B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3060-0432 AD - Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Firat University, 23119 Elazig, Turkiye. FAU - Ozturk, Mehmet Ata AU - Ozturk MA AD - Department of Physical Education and Sports, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, Turkiye. FAU - Aydin, Galip AU - Aydin G AD - Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Firat University, 23119 Elazig, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260722 PL - Switzerland TA - Sensors (Basel) JT - Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101204366 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Graph Neural Networks MH - *Autistic Disorder/physiopathology MH - Child MH - Algorithms PMC - PMC13431331 OTO - NOTNLM OT - 2D pose estimation OT - autism spectrum disorder OT - deep learning OT - graph convolutional network OT - human activity recognition OT - physical activity OT - privacy-preserving monitoring OT - skeleton-based action recognition OT - video-based motion analysis COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/28 06:37 MHDA- 2026/07/29 18:38 PMCR- 2026/07/22 CRDT- 2026/07/28 01:22 PHST- 2026/06/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/29 18:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/28 01:22 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - s26144638 [pii] AID - sensors-26-04638 [pii] AID - 10.3390/s26144638 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sensors (Basel). 2026 Jul 22;26(14):4638. doi: 10.3390/s26144638. PMID- 42514449 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260729 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 14 DP - 2026 Jul 21 TI - Estimation of Cardiometabolic Risk in Turkish Adolescents Using Different Anthropometric Techniques: Development and Temporal Validation of a Machine Learning Model. LID - 10.3390/nu18142380 [doi] LID - 2380 AB - BACKGROUND: Although obesity is a recognized cardiometabolic risk determinant, debate persists over the most appropriate anthropometric technique. This study evaluated different anthropometric techniques for predicting cardiometabolic risk in Turkish adolescents and aimed to develop and temporally validate a machine learning-based prediction model, reported in accordance with the TRIPOD statement. METHODS: Adolescents from the Turkiye Nutrition and Health Survey in 2010 (n = 1357) and 2017 (n = 561) were included. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters were assessed. BMI z-scores, waist-to-hip and waist-to-height ratios, triponderal mass index (TMI), visceral adiposity index (VAI), and lipid accumulation product (LAP) were calculated. RESULTS: In ROC analysis, VAI showed the highest discrimination (AUC = 0.747, p < 0.001), followed by LAP (AUC = 0.670). In machine learning, XGBoost achieved the highest training discrimination (ROC-AUC = 0.879), whereas logistic regression was the most stable, with minimal overfitting (DeltaAUC = 0.008). The logistic regression model was well calibrated (Brier score = 0.107; calibration slope 1.00 development, 1.03 external). External temporal validation showed comparable discrimination across models (AUC = 0.742-0.757), with logistic regression showing the greatest consistency. The model showed a high negative predictive value (NPV = 91.7%) and was therefore better suited to ruling out than ruling in cardiometabolic risk; positive findings warrant confirmatory testing (PPV = 35.4%). A simple logistic-based formula was derived. CONCLUSIONS: Machine learning approaches, together with the developed model and simplified formula, may be useful tools for estimating cardiometabolic risk in adolescents and could support a stepwise screening strategy, pending recalibration and prospective validation. FAU - Kahriman, Meryem AU - Kahriman M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6908-7381 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, 34752 Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Cakir Bicer, Nihan AU - Cakir Bicer N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7581-9083 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, 34752 Istanbul, Turkiye. AD - Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kocaeli University, 41001 Kocaeli, Turkiye. FAU - Bas, Murat AU - Bas M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0494-301X AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, 34752 Istanbul, Turkiye. AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, 34752 Istanbul, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260721 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Turkey/epidemiology MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Male MH - Predictive Learning Models MH - *Machine Learning MH - *Anthropometry/methods MH - *Cardiometabolic Risk Factors MH - *Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology/etiology/diagnosis MH - Body Mass Index MH - Logistic Models MH - Risk Assessment/methods MH - ROC Curve MH - Risk Factors MH - Classification Algorithms PMC - PMC13415240 OTO - NOTNLM OT - body mass index OT - cardiometabolic risk OT - lipid accumulation product index OT - triponderal mass index OT - visceral adiposity index COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/28 06:37 MHDA- 2026/07/29 18:38 PMCR- 2026/07/21 CRDT- 2026/07/28 01:18 PHST- 2026/06/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/29 18:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/28 01:18 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18142380 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-02380 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18142380 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Jul 21;18(14):2380. doi: 10.3390/nu18142380. PMID- 42514416 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260729 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 14 DP - 2026 Jul 17 TI - Metabolomic Profiling of Plasma in Children with Drug-Resistant Epilepsy: The Effect of the Ketogenic Diet on Energy and Amino Acid Pathways. LID - 10.3390/nu18142347 [doi] LID - 2347 AB - BACKGROUND: Drug-resistant epilepsy in children remains a major therapeutic challenge, and the limited efficacy of pharmacological treatment highlights the need for alternative therapeutic approaches, including the ketogenic diet (KD). Although the clinical efficacy of KD is well established, its metabolic effects are not fully understood. This study aimed to characterize the plasma metabolomic profile of children with drug-resistant epilepsy and to explore metabolic differences associated with ketogenic dietary therapy. METHODS: Eighteen children with drug-resistant epilepsy were enrolled, including nine receiving KD and nine receiving a standard diet. Plasma metabolomic profiling was performed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Data were analyzed using multivariate (PCA and OPLS-DA) and univariate statistical approaches. Both variable importance in projection (VIP) scores and metabolic pathway analysis were used to support biological interpretation. RESULTS: A total of 462 annotated GC-MS features were retained after data filtering. OPLS-DA demonstrated clear separation between study groups (R(2)Y = 0.937; Q(2) = 0.594). Eighty-three metabolites had VIP scores > 1, indicating a substantial contribution to the OPLS-DA model, while 22 metabolites differed between groups based on unadjusted p-values. However, only three metabolites remained statistically significant after false discovery rate correction. After false discovery rate correction, beta-hydroxybutyrate and citric acid remained significantly higher in the KD group, whereas 1,4-butanediol was significantly lower. Lower glucose and tryptophan levels were observed only in the unadjusted analyses and should therefore be regarded as exploratory. Similarly, the pathway analysis findings, including those related to amino acid metabolism, were exploratory and require confirmation in larger cohorts. CONCLUSIONS: Ketogenic dietary therapy was associated with distinct changes in the plasma metabolomic profile of children with drug-resistant epilepsy. While the most robust findings involved beta-hydroxybutyrate, citric acid, and 1,4-butanediol, the observed changes in glucose and tryptophan, as well as the amino acid-related pathway findings, should be considered exploratory and require validation in larger independent cohorts before being interpreted as biomarkers or evidence of specific metabolic mechanisms. FAU - Cieslak, Marta AU - Cieslak M AD - Institute of General and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, 116 Zeromskiego Street, 90-924 Lodz, Poland. FAU - Gatarek, Paulina AU - Gatarek P AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-3825-522X AD - Institute of General and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, 116 Zeromskiego Street, 90-924 Lodz, Poland. FAU - Safinski, Piotr AU - Safinski P AD - Department of Developmental Neurology and Epileptology, Research Institute of Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, 93-338 Lodz, Poland. FAU - Przyslo, Lukasz AU - Przyslo L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0209-4103 AD - Department of Developmental Neurology and Epileptology, Research Institute of Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, 93-338 Lodz, Poland. FAU - Kaluzna-Czaplinska, Joanna AU - Kaluzna-Czaplinska J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5106-4667 AD - Institute of General and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, 116 Zeromskiego Street, 90-924 Lodz, Poland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260717 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 0 (Amino Acids) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Diet, Ketogenic MH - *Amino Acids/metabolism MH - *Drug Resistant Epilepsy/diet therapy/blood/metabolism MH - Female MH - Child MH - Male MH - *Metabolomics/methods MH - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Energy Metabolism MH - *Metabolome MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13415213 OTO - NOTNLM OT - drug-resistant epilepsy OT - gas chromatography-mass spectrometry OT - ketogenic diet OT - plasma metabolome COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/28 06:37 MHDA- 2026/07/29 18:38 PMCR- 2026/07/17 CRDT- 2026/07/28 01:18 PHST- 2026/05/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/29 18:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/28 01:18 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18142347 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-02347 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18142347 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Jul 17;18(14):2347. doi: 10.3390/nu18142347. PMID- 42514408 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260729 LR - 20260831 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 14 DP - 2026 Jul 16 TI - Validation of a Nutrition Screening Tool in Critically Ill Children. LID - 10.3390/nu18142340 [doi] LID - 2340 AB - Background/Objectives: Malnutrition is prevalent among patients in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and has been shown to worsen in some patients during the PICU stay. In critically ill children, malnutrition is associated with longer PICU length of stay and increased mortality. Several tools have been developed and validated to screen for nutritional status in children, but none were specifically designed for critically ill children. Our study aims to fill this gap. The goal of this study was to refine and validate a novel PICU nutrition screening tool in a diverse population of critically ill children from six PICUs across the United States. Methods: Subjects underwent the nutrition screen and a Subjective Global Nutritional Assessment (SGNA). We used chi-square tests and Mann-Whitney tests to compare elements of the nutrition screen to the SGNA to identify those elements most associated with malnutrition. We used stepwise logistic regression to determine the best fitting model for a malnutrition screening tool. We proposed a scoring system using the factors identified in the best fitting model to define a positive screen. Results: We enrolled 732 subjects at six PICUs. Of these, 131 subjects (17.9%) were malnourished per the SGNA. Children with and without malnutrition did not differ with respect to age, sex, or race. The likelihood of malnutrition increased as weight-for-age percentile decreased (p < 0.001). We found that the best fitting model of a malnutrition screening tool for critically ill children included weight-for-age percentile, cancer, feeding less, parent perception of growth as poor, and being significantly underweight. We defined a positive screen that should prompt referral to a dietitian. Conclusions: We have developed a nutrition screening tool for critically ill children. FAU - Burneske, Anna AU - Burneske A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-9618-266X AD - Division of Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA. FAU - Ellenbecker, Collin AU - Ellenbecker C AD - Division of Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53792, USA. FAU - Kuhn, Evelyn AU - Kuhn E AD - Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA. FAU - Swoveland, Jacob AU - Swoveland J AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-8074-7842 AD - Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA. FAU - Oelstrom, Matt AU - Oelstrom M AD - Marshfield Clinic, Marshfield, WI 54449, USA. FAU - Hagen, Scott AU - Hagen S AD - Division of Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53792, USA. FAU - Mandli, Sarah AU - Mandli S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8913-4328 AD - Division of Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53792, USA. FAU - Sears, Lynne AU - Sears L AD - Division of Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53792, USA. FAU - Peterson, Jennifer AU - Peterson J AD - Gundersen Health Systems Hospitals and Clinics, La Crosse, WI 54601, USA. FAU - Pringle, Charlene P AU - Pringle CP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3345-7827 AD - Division of Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA. FAU - Sheridan, Kelly AU - Sheridan K AD - Division of Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA. FAU - Foxe, Megan AU - Foxe M AD - Division of Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA. FAU - Hebron, Abigail AU - Hebron A AD - Division of Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA. FAU - Zivick, Elizabeth AU - Zivick E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9916-7211 AD - Division of Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA. FAU - Fabus, Nicole AU - Fabus N AD - Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA. FAU - Heisler, Rebecca AU - Heisler R AD - Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA. FAU - Froh, Melissa AU - Froh M AD - Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA. FAU - Shad, Sadaf AU - Shad S AD - Division of Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA. AD - Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA. FAU - Mikhailov, Theresa AU - Mikhailov T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1744-9739 AD - Division of Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA. AD - Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260716 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Critical Illness MH - Female MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Nutrition Assessment MH - Male MH - Intensive Care Units, Pediatric MH - *Nutritional Status MH - Child MH - Infant MH - *Malnutrition/diagnosis MH - Logistic Models MH - United States MH - *Mass Screening/methods MH - *Child Nutrition Disorders/diagnosis MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13416380 OTO - NOTNLM OT - clinical nutrition OT - critically ill child OT - enteral nutrition OT - malnutrition OT - nutrition screening tool OT - nutritional support OT - pediatric nutrition COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/28 06:37 MHDA- 2026/07/29 18:38 PMCR- 2026/07/16 CRDT- 2026/07/28 01:18 PHST- 2026/05/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/29 18:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/28 01:18 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18142340 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-02340 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18142340 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Jul 16;18(14):2340. doi: 10.3390/nu18142340. PMID- 42514367 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260729 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 14 DP - 2026 Jul 14 TI - Diagnostic Utility of Simple Inflammatory Markers for Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Metabolic Syndrome in Children with Obesity. LID - 10.3390/nu18142298 [doi] LID - 2298 AB - Background: Obesity markedly increases the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), both of which are characterized by persistent low-grade inflammation. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic utility of complete blood count-derived inflammatory markers, including neutrophil-percentage-to-albumin ratio (NPAR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), for MASLD and MetS in children with obesity. Methods: Children with obesity aged 7-18 years were prospectively enrolled and underwent anthropometric assessment, laboratory evaluation, and transient elastography with controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) measurement. Participants were classified into MASLD (CAP >/= 250 dB/m) and non-MASLD groups. Children aged >/=10 years were additionally evaluated for MetS according to the International Diabetes Federation criteria. Logistic regression analyses assessed associations between inflammatory markers and MASLD or MetS, while receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis evaluated their diagnostic performance. Results: Children with MASLD had significantly higher NLR and lower LMR values than those without MASLD. Higher NLR (OR = 1.946, 95% CI: 1.092-3.467, p = 0.024) and lower LMR (OR = 0.722, 95% CI: 0.539-0.966, p = 0.028) were associated with MASLD, whereas NPAR and PLR were not. After adjustment for age, sex, body mass index and C-reactive protein, both NLR and LMR remained independently associated with MASLD. ROC analysis showed moderate diagnostic performance (AUC = 0.629 for NLR and 0.616 for LMR). None of the evaluated markers were associated with MetS. Conclusions: NLR and LMR were independently associated with MASLD in children with obesity and may represent complementary screening biomarkers for pediatric MASLD. However, given the cross-sectional design and moderate diagnostic performance observed in this study, prospective multicenter studies are needed to validate these findings before clinical implementation. FAU - Zajkowska-Sierpniak, Aleksandra M AU - Zajkowska-Sierpniak AM AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-0526-3092 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutrition, Allergology and Pulmonology, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona Street 17, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland. FAU - Kwiatek-Sredzinska, Kamila A AU - Kwiatek-Sredzinska KA AD - Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutrition, Allergology and Pulmonology, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona Street 17, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland. FAU - Kowalczuk-Kryston, Monika AU - Kowalczuk-Kryston M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0717-9165 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutrition, Allergology and Pulmonology, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona Street 17, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland. FAU - Lebensztejn, Anna AU - Lebensztejn A AD - Students' Scientific Association Affiliated with the Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutrition, Allergology and Pulmonology, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona Street 17, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland. FAU - Bobrus-Chociej, Anna AU - Bobrus-Chociej A AD - Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutrition, Allergology and Pulmonology, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona Street 17, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland. FAU - Flisiak-Jackiewicz, Marta AU - Flisiak-Jackiewicz M AD - Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutrition, Allergology and Pulmonology, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona Street 17, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland. FAU - Cudowska, Beata AU - Cudowska B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8062-5865 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutrition, Allergology and Pulmonology, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona Street 17, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland. FAU - Lebensztejn, Dariusz M AU - Lebensztejn DM AD - Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutrition, Allergology and Pulmonology, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona Street 17, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland. LA - eng GR - Grant No: B.SUB.26.423./Medical University of Bialystok/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260714 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - *Metabolic Syndrome/diagnosis/blood/etiology/complications MH - Male MH - Female MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - Adolescent MH - *Inflammation/blood MH - Prospective Studies MH - *Pediatric Obesity/complications/blood MH - ROC Curve MH - *Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/diagnosis/blood MH - *Fatty Liver/diagnosis/blood/etiology MH - Neutrophils MH - Lymphocytes PMC - PMC13414763 OTO - NOTNLM OT - children OT - inflammatory markers OT - metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease OT - metabolic syndrome OT - obesity COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/28 06:37 MHDA- 2026/07/29 18:38 PMCR- 2026/07/14 CRDT- 2026/07/28 01:18 PHST- 2026/06/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/29 18:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/28 01:18 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18142298 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-02298 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18142298 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Jul 14;18(14):2298. doi: 10.3390/nu18142298. PMID- 42514362 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260729 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 14 DP - 2026 Jul 13 TI - The EduNutriCRC Questionnaire: A Pilot Knowledge-Attitudes-Practices Study on Nutritional Prevention of Colorectal Cancer in Romanian Adults. LID - 10.3390/nu18142293 [doi] LID - 2293 AB - BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Colorectal cancer (CRC) disproportionately affects Romania, where mortality exceeds the EU average and screening uptake remains low. Diet is among the most modifiable CRC risk factors, yet no validated instrument for assessing nutritional knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to CRC prevention exists for the Romanian population. We developed and pilot-tested the EduNutriCRC questionnaire and characterised the corresponding nutritional KAP profile of Romanian adults. METHODS: In a cross-sectional pilot study (April-May 2026), a convenience sample of 301 Romanian adults aged 18-74 years completed the 51-item self-administered questionnaire. The instrument was evaluated for internal consistency and dimensional structure (exploratory factor analysis), with non-parametric tests used for group comparisons. RESULTS: The composite knowledge score (C1-C9; maximum 9) was 6.12 +/- 2.25 with wide item-level variation. Internal consistency was acceptable, and the Attitudes subscale resolved into two factors (Motivation & Self-Efficacy and Perceived Barriers). Screening engagement was critically low (92.4% never tested; 81.7% unaware of the national programme). Although 64.1% expressed willingness to change their diet, 46.2% reported consuming processed meat at least weekly. Motivation & Self-Efficacy, but not the knowledge score, was inversely correlated with risk-food consumption (rho = -0.39, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: EduNutriCRC demonstrated acceptable psychometric properties at the pilot stage. The study identified prevalent nutritional misconceptions, a marked knowledge-behaviour gap, low screening awareness, and a structural mismatch between information sources used and those trusted. Attitudes and self-efficacy, rather than factual knowledge, were the more proximal correlates of dietary behaviour, supporting the development of self-efficacy-focused, culturally adapted educational interventions for CRC prevention in Romania, with EduNutriCRC serving as a baseline and monitoring instrument. FAU - Neamtu, Andreea-Adriana AU - Neamtu AA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5219-5466 AD - Department of Toxicology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania. AD - Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania. AD - Department of Pathology, Clinical County Emergency Hospital of Arad, Andrenyi Karoly Str., No. 2-4, 310037 Arad, Romania. AD - Department of Pathology, "Pius Brinzeu" Clinical County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, Liviu Rebreanu Boulevard, No. 156, 300723 Timisoara, Romania. FAU - Anton, Alina AU - Anton A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3818-5261 AD - Department of Toxicology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania. AD - Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania. FAU - Maghiar, Laura AU - Maghiar L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8901-8271 AD - Department of Psycho-Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Universitatii Str., No. 1, 410087 Oradea, Romania. AD - Department of Dermatovenerology, Clinical County Emergency Hospital Bihor, 410169 Oradea, Romania. FAU - Iftode, Andrada AU - Iftode A AD - Department of Toxicology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania. AD - Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania. FAU - Capraru, Anca-Maria AU - Capraru AM AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-5908-0231 AD - Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania. AD - Department of Pharmacy, Poiana Mare Psychiatry Hospital, Garii Str., No. 40, 207470 Poiana Mare, Romania. FAU - Dumitrescu, Cristina AU - Dumitrescu C AD - Department of Toxicology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania. AD - Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania. FAU - Kis, Andreea-Mihaela AU - Kis AM AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-4581-8487 AD - Department of Management and Communication in Dental Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania. FAU - Popovici, Ramona Amina AU - Popovici RA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3852-9060 AD - Department of Management and Communication in Dental Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania. FAU - Dehelean, Cristina-Adriana AU - Dehelean CA AD - Department of Toxicology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania. AD - Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania. FAU - Maghiar, Teodor-Andrei AU - Maghiar TA AD - Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Universitatii Str., No. 1, 410087 Oradea, Romania. AD - Department of Surgery, Pelican Hospital, Corneliu Coposu Str., No. 2, 410450 Oradea, Romania. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260713 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - Romania MH - *Colorectal Neoplasms/prevention & control MH - *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MH - Female MH - Male MH - Pilot Projects MH - Aged MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - *Diet MH - Risk Factors MH - Nutritional Status MH - Feeding Behavior PMC - PMC13414599 OTO - NOTNLM OT - cancer prevention OT - colorectal cancer OT - dietary risk factors OT - health literacy OT - knowledge-attitudes-practices (KAP) OT - nutrition education OT - nutritional prevention OT - pilot validation study OT - questionnaire COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/28 06:37 MHDA- 2026/07/29 18:38 PMCR- 2026/07/13 CRDT- 2026/07/28 01:18 PHST- 2026/05/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/29 18:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/28 01:18 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18142293 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-02293 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18142293 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Jul 13;18(14):2293. doi: 10.3390/nu18142293. PMID- 42514356 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260729 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 14 DP - 2026 Jul 13 TI - Understanding the Gap Between Nutritional Knowledge and Dietary Behavior Among Adolescents with Different BMI Statuses. LID - 10.3390/nu18142287 [doi] LID - 2287 AB - Background/Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the discrepancy between nutrition-related knowledge (NRK) and nutrition-related practice (NRP) among 1440 Polish school-aged students (10-18 years), according to BMI status, and to identify factors associated with this discrepancy. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted via the CAWI method using an author-developed, non-validated questionnaire. Questions assessing NRK and NRP were thematically aligned and referred to the recommendations of the Polish Healthy Eating and Lifestyle Pyramid for Children and Adolescents (aged 4-18 years). Results: Students with excess weight scored significantly lower in nutritional knowledge (NRK: 46%) and practices (NRP: 30%) than those with underweight or normal weight (NRK: 52-53%, NRP: 33-34%). Higher NRK was associated with older age, female sex, larger urban residence (for students with overweight and obesity), and higher maternal/legal guardian education level (for students with normal/underweight body weight). Better NRP was associated with higher NRK and higher physical activity, while rural or small-town living was positively associated with healthier dietary practices and maintenance of normal BMI. Conclusions: The present study confirms that nutritional knowledge is a necessary but insufficient condition for shaping appropriate dietary behaviors among adolescents with different BMI statuses; lifestyle factors, practical food-related skills-including self-assessment of knowledge and adherence to dietary recommendations-and the broader environmental context plays a crucial role. These findings highlight the need for targeted nutrition education programs that expand not only knowledge but also practical skills among students. FAU - Wawrzyniak, Agata AU - Wawrzyniak A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8452-0526 AD - Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 02-787 Warsaw, Poland. FAU - Traczyk, Iwona AU - Traczyk I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7413-1212 AD - The Department of Environmental Hazard Prevention, Allergology and Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-007 Warsaw, Poland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260713 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MH - Male MH - *Body Mass Index MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Child MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - Poland MH - *Diet, Healthy MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Adolescent Behavior MH - Nutritional Status MH - Overweight MH - Life Style PMC - PMC13415248 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - body mass index (BMI) OT - food literacy OT - nutrition literacy OT - nutrition-related knowledge (NRK) OT - nutrition-related practice (NRP) OT - physical activity OT - socio-demographic factors COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/28 06:37 MHDA- 2026/07/29 18:38 PMCR- 2026/07/13 CRDT- 2026/07/28 01:18 PHST- 2026/06/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/29 18:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/28 01:18 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18142287 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-02287 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18142287 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Jul 13;18(14):2287. doi: 10.3390/nu18142287. PMID- 42514354 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260729 LR - 20260825 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 14 DP - 2026 Jul 13 TI - Non-HDL Cholesterol as a Practical Gatekeeper for Adolescent Dyslipidemia Screening: Implications for Nutrition and Public Health. LID - 10.3390/nu18142285 [doi] LID - 2285 AB - Dyslipidemia in adolescents represents an early and potentially modifiable stage in the lifelong trajectory of cardiovascular disease. However, optimal lipid screening strategies in this age group remain controversial, particularly regarding feasibility, biological relevance, and reliance on family history. Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL cholesterol) has emerged as a promising screening marker because it reflects the total burden of atherogenic lipoproteins and can be reliably assessed even without fasting, making it particularly suitable for large-scale pediatric screening settings. A recent nationwide population-based study of Korean adolescents provides robust real-world evidence supporting the utility of non-HDL cholesterol in dyslipidemia screening, across both sexes and independent of familial lipid risk. From a nutritional and public health perspective, non-HDL cholesterol is closely related to dietary habits, postprandial hyperlipidemia, and metabolic stress, and is particularly important in the modern food environment characterized by increased consumption of ultra-processed foods. This Opinion discusses the biological rationale, clinical feasibility, and population-level implications of non-HDL cholesterol-based screening in adolescents. By linking lipid biology with nutrition-focused prevention and lifelong cardiovascular health, non-HDL cholesterol may serve as a practical gatekeeper for early risk identification and upstream intervention. FAU - Nakamura, Kazufumi AU - Nakamura K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8845-3626 AD - Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo 693-8501, Japan. FAU - Okada, Taiji AU - Okada T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8878-3446 AD - Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo 693-8501, Japan. FAU - Watanabe, Nobuhide AU - Watanabe N AD - Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo 693-8501, Japan. FAU - Sato, Hirotomo AU - Sato H AD - Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo 693-8501, Japan. FAU - Kagawa, Yuzo AU - Kagawa Y AD - Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo 693-8501, Japan. FAU - Kawahara, Hiroshi AU - Kawahara H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0615-4129 AD - Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo 693-8501, Japan. FAU - Sakamoto, Takahiro AU - Sakamoto T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8846-1239 AD - Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo 693-8501, Japan. FAU - Yamasaki, Seita AU - Yamasaki S AD - Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo 693-8501, Japan. FAU - Tanabe, Junya AU - Tanabe J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8263-6077 AD - Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo 693-8501, Japan. FAU - Furuta, Madoka AU - Furuta M AD - Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo 693-8501, Japan. FAU - Kawanami, Yuka AU - Kawanami Y AD - Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo 693-8501, Japan. FAU - Miki, Yuko AU - Miki Y AD - Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo 693-8501, Japan. FAU - Endo, Akihiro AU - Endo A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7161-5323 AD - Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo 693-8501, Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260713 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 97C5T2UQ7J (Cholesterol) RN - 0 (Cholesterol, HDL) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - *Cholesterol/blood MH - Cholesterol, HDL/blood MH - *Dyslipidemias/diagnosis/blood MH - *Mass Screening/methods MH - Nutritional Status MH - *Public Health MH - Risk Factors PMC - PMC13414525 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescent OT - dyslipidemia OT - non-HDL cholesterol COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2026/07/28 06:37 MHDA- 2026/07/29 18:38 PMCR- 2026/07/13 CRDT- 2026/07/28 01:18 PHST- 2026/06/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/29 18:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/28 01:18 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18142285 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-02285 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18142285 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Jul 13;18(14):2285. doi: 10.3390/nu18142285. PMID- 42514328 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260729 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 14 DP - 2026 Jul 10 TI - Sub-Optimal Nutritional Knowledge and Dietary Intake in Gaelic Team Sport Athletes: Limited Associations Between Knowledge and Dietary Adequacy. LID - 10.3390/nu18142259 [doi] LID - 2259 AB - Background/Objectives: To assess the nutritional knowledge and dietary intake of Gaelic team sport athletes and investigate any association between nutrition knowledge and dietary intake. Methods: Male/female athletes competing in Gaelic football, hurling and camogie, aged 18-40 years and training/competing at least twice weekly, were recruited. Nutrition knowledge was assessed using the validated Nutrition for Sport Knowledge Questionnaire (NSKQ). Dietary intake was assessed using a 4-day semi-quantitative food diary. Results: In total, 354 players (male n = 215, female n = 139; elite n = 133, sub-elite n = 221) completed the NSKQ; 53.1% had "poor" knowledge (score 0.70), although several scales showed lower reliability estimates. Results: Adolescents diagnosed with eating disorders showed significantly higher levels of problematic eating behaviours (rg = 0.94), exercise fixation (rg = 0.71), exercise commitment (rg = 0.33), withdrawal symptoms (rg = 0.52), exercise for weight control (rg = 0.83), and insight into problems (rg = 0.77) than athletes. In contrast, athletes reported higher levels of exercise for social (rg = 0.74) and health-related reasons (rg = 0.40). Effect sizes ranged from moderate to very large. These findings indicate marked differences in the psychological motives and compulsive characteristics of exercise between adolescents with eating disorders and athletes. Conclusions: This pilot study suggests that adolescents with eating disorders differ from athletes primarily in the psychological characteristics and motives underlying exercise rather than in exercise volume alone. These findings may help inform the assessment of problematic exercise in clinical practice, although they require confirmation in larger, adequately controlled studies. FAU - Jaroch-Lidzbarska, Magdalena AU - Jaroch-Lidzbarska M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5355-8716 AD - Department of Physical Culture, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Kazimierza Gorskiego 1, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland. FAU - Hryniewicz, Konrad AU - Hryniewicz K AD - Department of Marketing and Quantitative Methods, Faculty of Management and Quality Science, Gdynia Maritime University, Morska 81/87, 81-225 Gdynia, Poland. FAU - Sawicki, Piotr AU - Sawicki P AD - Department of Physical Culture, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Kazimierza Gorskiego 1, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland. FAU - Wilczynska, Dominika AU - Wilczynska D AD - Faculty of Social and Humanities, WSB Merito University, Grunwaldzka 238A, 80-266 Gdansk, Poland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260712 PL - Switzerland TA - J Clin Med JT - Journal of clinical medicine JID - 101606588 PMC - PMC13412378 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - athletes OT - eating disorders OT - obligatory exercise OT - psychiatric patients COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/28 06:37 MHDA- 2026/07/28 06:38 PMCR- 2026/07/12 CRDT- 2026/07/28 01:14 PHST- 2026/05/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/28 01:14 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jcm15145455 [pii] AID - jcm-15-05455 [pii] AID - 10.3390/jcm15145455 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Clin Med. 2026 Jul 12;15(14):5455. doi: 10.3390/jcm15145455. PMID- 42512745 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260729 LR - 20260813 IS - 2227-9032 (Print) IS - 2227-9032 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9032 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 14 DP - 2026 Jul 22 TI - Validation of the Revised Version of the Social Cognitive Theory-Based Scale for Factors Influencing Eating Behavior in Adolescents. LID - 10.3390/healthcare14142229 [doi] LID - 2229 AB - Background/Objectives: Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) constructs are associated with adolescents' eating habits. Validated surveys are needed to assess these constructs (in different populations and languages), considering both personal and socio-environmental factors, including peer influence. Therefore, the objective of this study was to validate the SCT-based Scale for Factors Influencing Eating Behavior in Adolescents (SCT-FIEBA), in Spanish. Methods: The scale was administered to 705 high school students from two schools in the Guadalajara Metropolitan Area, Mexico, with randomized and stratified selection. Two weeks later, 43 participants completed the retest. Construct validity was assessed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA); internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega; and temporal stability was assessed using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC), with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Additionally, factor patterns influencing eating behavior were identified using hierarchical cluster analysis and discriminant analysis. Results: EFA (n = 353) showed an adequate structure with seven or eight factors (with 34 items). However, CFA (n = 352) showed a better fit with eight factors and 33 items (RMSEA = 0.073, SRMR = 0.083, CFI = 0.91, TLI = 0.90) than the other models. The scale's internal consistency was excellent (Cronbach's alpha = 0.92, CI 0.92-0.93; McDonald's omega = 0.93, CI 0.92-0.93), with all sections scoring from moderate to excellent. The reproducibility indices were good for the whole scale (ICC = 0.70, CI 0.50-0.82) and four sections; the other four presented moderate values. It is recommended to verify reproducibility in a larger sample. Hierarchical cluster analysis yielded better results with four patterns influencing eating behavior based on SCT, and the discriminant analysis results were satisfactory (Wilks' lambda = 0.108; 87% of cases correctly classified). Conclusions: The SCT-FIEBA demonstrated validity and reliability for assessing SCT constructs applied to eating behavior among high school adolescents in a Mexican population, as well as for identifying four distinct psychosocial patterns that influence eating behavior. FAU - Flores-Vazquez, Ana Silvia AU - Flores-Vazquez AS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2268-9959 AD - Departamento de Alimentacion y Nutricion, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Independencia, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico. FAU - Rodriguez-Rocha, Norma Patricia AU - Rodriguez-Rocha NP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5800-3130 AD - Departamento de Alimentacion y Nutricion, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Independencia, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico. AD - Instituto Regional de Investigacion en Salud Publica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Independencia, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico. FAU - Franco-Paredes, Karina AU - Franco-Paredes K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5899-3071 AD - Departamento de Promocion, Preservacion y Desarrollo de la Salud, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Avenida Enrique Arreola Silva 883, Centro, Ciudad Guzman 49000, Jalisco, Mexico. FAU - Macedo-Ojeda, Gabriela AU - Macedo-Ojeda G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3815-2160 AD - Departamento de Alimentacion y Nutricion, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Independencia, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico. AD - Instituto de Investigacion en Ciencias Biomedicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Independencia, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico. LA - eng GR - 661992/National Council for Humanities, Sciences, and Technologies (CONAHCYT)/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260722 PL - Switzerland TA - Healthcare (Basel) JT - Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101666525 PMC - PMC13411829 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - nutrition OT - reliability OT - scale OT - social cognitive theory OT - validity COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/28 06:37 MHDA- 2026/07/28 06:38 PMCR- 2026/07/22 CRDT- 2026/07/28 01:12 PHST- 2026/05/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/28 01:12 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - healthcare14142229 [pii] AID - healthcare-14-02229 [pii] AID - 10.3390/healthcare14142229 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Healthcare (Basel). 2026 Jul 22;14(14):2229. doi: 10.3390/healthcare14142229. PMID- 42512730 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260729 LR - 20260813 IS - 2227-9032 (Print) IS - 2227-9032 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9032 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 14 DP - 2026 Jul 21 TI - Caregivers' Attitudes Toward Baby-Led Weaning: Development and Psychometric Validation of the BLW-CAS. LID - 10.3390/healthcare14142214 [doi] LID - 2214 AB - Background/Objectives: Baby-Led Weaning (BLW) is an increasingly adopted complementary feeding approach in which infants self-feed family foods rather than being spoon-fed purees. Caregivers' attitudes play a central role in its adoption and implementation, yet no validated instrument has been specifically designed to assess caregivers' attitudes toward BLW. This study aimed to develop and psychometrically validate the BLW Caregiver Attitudes Scale (BLW-CAS). Methods: A methodological psychometric study was conducted in two phases. Scale development involved a literature review, expert panel evaluation, and cognitive pretesting with caregivers. Psychometric validation was conducted among 256 caregivers, while temporal stability was assessed in an independent test-retest sample of 92 caregivers. Content validity, internal consistency, temporal stability, construct validity, and convergent validity were examined using established psychometric methods. Results: The final 16-item BLW-CAS comprised three dimensions: Predisposition, Self-efficacy, and Practical Skills. The revised scale achieved an S-CVI/Ave of 0.93. The three-factor exploratory solution accounted for 67.46% of the total item variance. The three-factor CFA model showed good overall fit (CFI = 0.995; TLI = 0.994; RMSEA = 0.052; SRMR = 0.066). Internal consistency was acceptable to excellent across subscales (alpha = 0.757-0.913; omega = 0.807-0.953), and test-retest reliability was good (ICC = 0.832). Positive small-to-moderate correlations with general self-efficacy (r = 0.298) and decision satisfaction (r = 0.350) supported convergent validity. Conclusions: The Spanish BLW-CAS is a concise, multidimensional instrument with promising psychometric properties for assessing caregivers' attitudes toward BLW, supporting future research and the evaluation of interventions related to complementary feeding practices. FAU - Marquez-Diaz, Rita Rocio AU - Marquez-Diaz RR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4842-3208 AD - Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, 18014 Granada, Spain. FAU - Ruiz-Fernandez, Maria Dolores AU - Ruiz-Fernandez MD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6454-4723 AD - Department of Nursing Science, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain. AD - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Chile, Temuco 4780000, Chile. FAU - Ventura-Miranda, Maria Isabel AU - Ventura-Miranda MI AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8949-5772 AD - Department of Nursing Science, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain. FAU - Fernandez-Medina, Isabel Maria AU - Fernandez-Medina IM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0805-1542 AD - Department of Nursing Science, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260721 PL - Switzerland TA - Healthcare (Basel) JT - Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101666525 PMC - PMC13409823 OTO - NOTNLM OT - attitudes OT - baby-led weaning OT - caregivers OT - complementary feeding OT - psychometrics OT - scale development COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/28 06:36 MHDA- 2026/07/28 06:37 PMCR- 2026/07/21 CRDT- 2026/07/28 01:12 PHST- 2026/05/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/28 01:12 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - healthcare14142214 [pii] AID - healthcare-14-02214 [pii] AID - 10.3390/healthcare14142214 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Healthcare (Basel). 2026 Jul 21;14(14):2214. doi: 10.3390/healthcare14142214. PMID- 42512699 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260729 LR - 20260813 IS - 2227-9032 (Print) IS - 2227-9032 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9032 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 14 DP - 2026 Jul 20 TI - Exploring the Association Between Psychological Inflexibility, Experiential Avoidance and Sleep-Related Problems Among Adolescents: The EHDLA Study. LID - 10.3390/healthcare14142183 [doi] LID - 2183 AB - Background: Adolescence is a sensitive period during which sleep undergoes substantial change, increasing vulnerability to sleep disturbances and their health consequences. Psychological inflexibility (PI) and experiential avoidance (EA), operationalized through the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II), have been associated with poorer sleep among adults; however, evidence in adolescents remains scarce. This study examined the association between PI, EA, and sleep-related problems in a representative sample of Spanish adolescents. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from 623 adolescents (aged 12-17 years; 56.7% girls) from the Eating Healthy and Daily Life Activities (EHDLA) study, conducted in the Valle de Ricote (Murcia, Spain) during 2021-2022. PI and EA were assessed with the Spanish-validated AAQ-II; sleep-related problems were screened using the BEARS (B = Bedtime problems, E = Excessive daytime sleepiness, A = Awakenings during the night, R = Regularity and duration of sleep, S = Snoring) questionnaire across five domains. Generalized linear models were adjusted for sex, age, socioeconomic status, physical activity, sedentary behavior, body mass index (BMI) z-score, energy intake, and sleep duration. Results: Higher AAQ-II scores were significantly associated with increased probabilities of bedtime problems (+0.9% per point; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.6-1.1%), excessive daytime sleepiness (+1.0%; 95% CI: 0.7-1.2%), nocturnal awakenings (+0.7%; 95% CI: 0.5-1.0%), and problems with sleep regularity and duration (+0.8%; 95% CI: 0.5-1.1%). Each additional AAQ-II point increased the probability of reporting any sleep-related problem by 1.2% (95% CI: 0.9-1.5%; p < 0.001). Corresponding adjusted odds ratios ranged from 1.04 to 1.06 per point. No significant association was found for snoring. Conclusions: In this cross-sectional study, psychological inflexibility and experiential avoidance were positively associated with several sleep-related problems among adolescents. Longitudinal and intervention studies are warranted before causal or clinical recommendations can be made. FAU - Zalamea-Delgado, Maria Paula AU - Zalamea-Delgado MP AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-2607-2907 AD - School of Medicine, Universidad Espiritu Santo, Samborondon, Guayaquil 0901952, Ecuador. FAU - Jimenez-Lopez, Estela AU - Jimenez-Lopez E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8553-7701 AD - Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 16002 Cuenca, Spain. AD - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Mesas, Arthur Eumann AU - Mesas AE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0088-8607 AD - Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 16002 Cuenca, Spain. FAU - Yanez-Sepulveda, Rodrigo AU - Yanez-Sepulveda R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9311-6576 AD - Faculty Education and Social Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Vina del Mar 2520000, Chile. FAU - Gutierrez-Espinoza, Hector AU - Gutierrez-Espinoza H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4650-3426 AD - Faculty of Education, Universidad Autonoma de Chile, Santiago 7500138, Chile. FAU - Olivares-Arancibia, Jorge AU - Olivares-Arancibia J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7186-3941 AD - AFySE Group, Research in Physical Activity and School Health, School of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Universidad de las Americas, Santiago 8320000, Chile. FAU - Ezzatvar, Yasmin AU - Ezzatvar Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9691-5998 AD - Lifestyle Factors with Impact on Ageing and Overall Health (LAH) Research Group, Department of Nursing, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain. AD - Vicerrectoria de Investigacion y Postgrado, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno 5290000, Chile. FAU - Stubbs, Brendon AU - Stubbs B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7387-3791 AD - Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK. AD - Center for Sport Science and University Sports, University of Vienna, 1010 Wien, Austria. FAU - Smith, Lee AU - Smith L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5340-9833 AD - Centre for Health Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK. AD - Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Biruni University, Istanbul 34015, Turkey. FAU - Ridgell, Lucille AU - Ridgell L AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-5956-5925 AD - Carver University, Orlando, FL 32804, USA. FAU - Mino, Camila AU - Mino C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9444-8564 AD - Universidad Internacional para el Desarrollo (UNINDE), Extremadura, 06080 Badajoz, Spain. FAU - Lopez-Gil, Jose Francisco AU - Lopez-Gil JF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7412-7624 AD - School of Medicine, Universidad Espiritu Santo, Samborondon, Guayaquil 0901952, Ecuador. AD - Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Fit Generation Research Institute, AD500 Andorra la Vella, Andorra. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260720 PL - Switzerland TA - Healthcare (Basel) JT - Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101666525 PMC - PMC13410315 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescent OT - avoidance behaviors OT - cross-sectional studies OT - experiential avoidance OT - psychological inflexibility OT - psychological resiliency OT - sleep disturbances COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/28 06:37 MHDA- 2026/07/28 06:38 PMCR- 2026/07/20 CRDT- 2026/07/28 01:12 PHST- 2026/05/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/28 01:12 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - healthcare14142183 [pii] AID - healthcare-14-02183 [pii] AID - 10.3390/healthcare14142183 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Healthcare (Basel). 2026 Jul 20;14(14):2183. doi: 10.3390/healthcare14142183. PMID- 42512211 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260729 LR - 20261014 IS - 1660-4601 (Electronic) IS - 1661-7827 (Print) IS - 1660-4601 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul 15 TI - Strategies to Promote the Integration of Fermented Foods in the Daily Diet to Improve Children's Health in Capricorn District, South Africa: A Mixed Method Study Protocol. LID - 10.3390/ijerph23070907 [doi] LID - 907 AB - Child health remains a critical global public health concern, with malnutrition, diarrhea and pneumonia consistently driving high morbidity and mortality rates among children under the age of five. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that malnutrition accounts for approximately 3.1 million child deaths annually. In South Africa, persistent challenges such as stunting, micronutrient deficiencies, and food insecurity remain prevalent, particularly in rural communities, despite the existing interventions. Fermented foods present a culturally acceptable, affordable, and sustainable strategy to address malnutrition and improve gut health, potentially reducing stunting and diarrheal diseases. This article presents a protocol for a future four-phase mixed-method study that will be conducted to develop and validate strategies to promote the integration of fermented foods into children's daily diets. The researchers will employ an exploratory sequential mixed methods design in three phases for the purpose of the envisaged study: bibliometric analysis, qualitative inquiry through in-depth interviews with caregivers and nurses, and a quantitative survey developed from qualitative findings. By combining qualitative and quantitative data, the study seeks to generate evidence-based, context-specific strategies for policy and programmatic integration. The anticipated outcome is a framework to support the inclusion of fermented foods in child nutrition programs to ensure the improved child health and progress toward the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs). FAU - Malema, Masilo Isaac AU - Malema MI AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-3138-656X AD - Department of Public Health, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, 1 Molotlegi Street, Ga-Rankuwa, Pretoria 0208, South Africa. AD - Quality Management Directorate, Walter Sisulu University, Komani Campus, No. 280 Shepstone Road, East London 5200, South Africa. FAU - Matlala, Sogo France AU - Matlala SF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2291-6779 AD - Department of Public Health, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, 1 Molotlegi Street, Ga-Rankuwa, Pretoria 0208, South Africa. FAU - Chelule, Paul Kiprono AU - Chelule PK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3477-3242 AD - Department of Public Health, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, 1 Molotlegi Street, Ga-Rankuwa, Pretoria 0208, South Africa. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260715 PL - Switzerland TA - Int J Environ Res Public Health JT - International journal of environmental research and public health JID - 101238455 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - South Africa MH - *Fermented Foods MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Child Health MH - *Diet MH - Infant MH - Research Design PMC - PMC13411124 OTO - NOTNLM OT - child nutrition OT - fermented foods OT - gut health OT - mixed methods research OT - strategy development OT - traditional diets COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/28 06:37 MHDA- 2026/07/29 18:38 PMCR- 2026/07/15 CRDT- 2026/07/28 01:11 PHST- 2026/03/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/29 18:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/28 01:11 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ijerph23070907 [pii] AID - ijerph-23-00907 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijerph23070907 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2026 Jul 15;23(7):907. doi: 10.3390/ijerph23070907. PMID- 42510293 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260729 LR - 20260813 IS - 2076-328X (Print) IS - 2076-328X (Electronic) IS - 2076-328X (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul 11 TI - Acceptability, Perceived Feasibility and Perceived Impact of an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy-Informed Emotion Regulation Program to Assist Parents in Supporting Their Children's Physical Activity: A Qualitative Proof-of-Concept Study. LID - 10.3390/bs16071172 [doi] LID - 1172 AB - Insufficient physical activity (PA) among children remains a public health concern, and parental support is a consistent correlate of child PA. Existing family-based PA interventions have shown modest effects, suggesting a need to address emotional barriers that interfere with parents' support follow-through. This Phase IIa proof-of-concept study examined the acceptability and perceived feasibility of a remotely delivered Acceptance and Commitment Therapy-informed emotion regulation program for parents of children not meeting PA guidelines, and explored perceived changes in parental support. Twenty-one Canadian parents of children aged 6 to 12 years began three 20 to 30 min parent-only online workshops delivered over three weeks; 15 completed all workshops and 12 completed a semi-structured exit interview. Cross-case thematic analysis generated three themes. Parents described the program as acceptable, accessible, and supportive; reported that strategies were feasible to apply and helped them support PA in more flexible, less perfectionistic, and more values-consistent ways; and identified refinements, including stronger support for sustained engagement, greater interactivity, and child inclusion where appropriate. Findings suggest preliminary promise and support further optimization and mixed-method testing of measurable changes in parental support and child or family PA. FAU - Lee, Alfred S Y AU - Lee ASY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8837-7085 AD - Behavioural Medicine Laboratory, Faculty of Education, School of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3010 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 3N4, Canada. FAU - Manankil-Lakusta, Alyssa T K AU - Manankil-Lakusta ATK AD - Behavioural Medicine Laboratory, Faculty of Education, School of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3010 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 3N4, Canada. FAU - Rhodes, Ryan E AU - Rhodes RE AD - Behavioural Medicine Laboratory, Faculty of Education, School of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3010 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 3N4, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260711 PL - Switzerland TA - Behav Sci (Basel) JT - Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101576826 PMC - PMC13405513 OTO - NOTNLM OT - MVPA OT - acceptance and commitment therapy OT - emotional regulation OT - online workshops OT - parental support COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/28 06:37 MHDA- 2026/07/28 06:38 PMCR- 2026/07/11 CRDT- 2026/07/28 01:02 PHST- 2026/05/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/28 01:02 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bs16071172 [pii] AID - behavsci-16-01172 [pii] AID - 10.3390/bs16071172 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Behav Sci (Basel). 2026 Jul 11;16(7):1172. doi: 10.3390/bs16071172. PMID- 42510283 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260729 LR - 20260813 IS - 2076-328X (Print) IS - 2076-328X (Electronic) IS - 2076-328X (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul 10 TI - Effects of a Cognitively Enriched Playful Physical Activity Program on Executive Functions and School Readiness in Preschool Children. LID - 10.3390/bs16071162 [doi] LID - 1162 AB - Executive functions (EFs) are foundational for early learning and school readiness. Interventions that couple motor engagement with explicit cognitive demands may offer an efficient approach to support EFs during preschool years. This exploratory randomized controlled trial examined the preliminary effects of an 8-week Playful Physical Activities (PPA) program on EF and school readiness. Preschool children were randomized to (i) PPA, a structured program integrating executive challenges (response inhibition, working memory, and planning) into movement games, or (ii) an active control receiving the regular physical education curriculum (3 sessions/week, 60 min/session, 8 weeks). Outcomes were assessed before and after the intervention and included Go/No-Go error rate, BVMT-R immediate and delayed recall, RCFT copy score, and school readiness domains (mathematical, linguistic, and social competence). Group x Time effects were tested using mixed ANOVA and summarized with partial eta squared (eta(2)p). Between-group post-test differences were quantified using Hedges' g. PPA was associated with greater pre-to-post improvements relative to control in attentional control/inhibition (Go/No-Go errors: eta(2)p = 0.134; g = -1.78) and visuospatial organization/planning (RCFT copy: eta(2)p = 0.307; g = 1.36). Visuospatial memory outcomes showed very large interaction effects (BVMT-R immediate eta(2)p = 0.937, g = 5.14; delayed eta(2)p = 0.854, g = 4.10), but these values are exploratory and should not be emphasized as the primary evidence for cognitive improvement because the BVMT-R was used as a non-normed raw-score index outside its validated age range in this preschool sample. School readiness indicators showed favorable changes across mathematical, linguistic, and social competence (eta(2)p = 0.514, 0.385, and 0.337; g = 1.95, 2.05, and 1.31, respectively). Overall, these preliminary findings suggest that cognitively enriched movement may support EF-related performance and school-readiness indicators, but they should not be interpreted as definitive proof of efficacy. Larger prospectively registered trials with balanced groups, age-appropriate outcome measures, and stronger fidelity documentation are needed before firm recommendations can be made. FAU - Chikha, Anis Ben AU - Chikha AB AD - The Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education (Ksar Said), University of Manouba, Manouba 2010, Tunisia. AD - Physical Activity, Sport and Health, Research Unit (UR18JS01), National Observatory of Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia. FAU - Eken, Ozgur AU - Eken O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5488-3158 AD - Department of Physical Education and Sport Teaching, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Inonu University, Malatya 44280, Turkiye. FAU - Arslanoglu, Birgul AU - Arslanoglu B AD - Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Letters, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul 34469, Turkiye. FAU - Lousaif, Rahma AU - Lousaif R AD - The Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education (Ksar Said), University of Manouba, Manouba 2010, Tunisia. AD - Research Laboratory (LR23JS01) "Sport Performance, Health and Society", Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar-Said, Manouba University, Tunis 2010, Tunisia. FAU - Goumni, Chiraz AU - Goumni C AD - The Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education (Ksar Said), University of Manouba, Manouba 2010, Tunisia. AD - Research Laboratory (LR23JS01) "Sport Performance, Health and Society", Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar-Said, Manouba University, Tunis 2010, Tunisia. FAU - Bouallegui, Nejha AU - Bouallegui N AD - The Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education (Ksar Said), University of Manouba, Manouba 2010, Tunisia. AD - Research Laboratory (LR23JS01) "Sport Performance, Health and Society", Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar-Said, Manouba University, Tunis 2010, Tunisia. FAU - Calisir, Melih AU - Calisir M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2133-2843 AD - Department of Physical Education and Sport Teaching, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Bitlis Eren University, Bitlis 13000, Turkiye. FAU - Souissi, Nizar AU - Souissi N AD - The Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education (Ksar Said), University of Manouba, Manouba 2010, Tunisia. AD - Physical Activity, Sport and Health, Research Unit (UR18JS01), National Observatory of Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia. FAU - Aldhahi, Monira I AU - Aldhahi MI AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5255-4860 AD - Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng GR - PNURSP2026R286/Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260710 PL - Switzerland TA - Behav Sci (Basel) JT - Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101576826 PMC - PMC13405789 OTO - NOTNLM OT - attention and inhibition OT - cognitively enriched movement OT - executive functions OT - preschool education OT - school readiness OT - visuospatial learning COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2026/07/28 06:37 MHDA- 2026/07/28 06:38 PMCR- 2026/07/10 CRDT- 2026/07/28 01:02 PHST- 2026/04/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/28 01:02 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bs16071162 [pii] AID - behavsci-16-01162 [pii] AID - 10.3390/bs16071162 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Behav Sci (Basel). 2026 Jul 10;16(7):1162. doi: 10.3390/bs16071162. PMID- 42510090 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260729 LR - 20260813 IS - 2075-4418 (Print) IS - 2075-4418 (Electronic) IS - 2075-4418 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 14 DP - 2026 Jul 16 TI - Interpretable Machine Learning for Predicting Suboptimal 12-Month Growth Response to Recombinant Human Growth Hormone in Children with Idiopathic Short Stature: A Dual-Center External Validation Study. LID - 10.3390/diagnostics16142227 [doi] LID - 2227 AB - Background/Objectives: Individual responses to recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) therapy in children with idiopathic short stature (ISS) vary substantially, limiting pretreatment decision-making. This study aimed to develop and externally validate an interpretable machine learning model for predicting suboptimal 12-month growth response to rhGH therapy. Methods: In this retrospective dual-center study, 901 children from Center 1 were used for model development and internal testing, and 51 children from Center 2 formed an independent external validation cohort. Routinely collected baseline demographic, laboratory, hormonal, radiographic, and family-history variables were used to develop multiple machine learning models. A soft-voting ensemble classifier was constructed and interpreted using SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP). The primary outcome was suboptimal growth response, defined as failure to achieve a height gain of at least 0.5 standard deviation score after 12 months of treatment. Results: The optimized ensemble model showed strong discrimination in the internal test set, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.927, and maintained robust performance in the external validation cohort, with an AUC of 0.897. SHAP analysis identified luteinizing hormone, body mass index, TW3 RUS bone age, and insulin-like growth factor 1 as the leading contributors to predicted suboptimal-response risk. Conclusions: An interpretable ensemble machine learning model based on routinely available pretreatment data can predict suboptimal short-term rhGH response in children with ISS and may support individualized risk stratification in pediatric endocrine practice. Clinical trial registration was not required because this was a retrospective analysis. FAU - Yang, Chuanyu AU - Yang C AD - Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100020, China. AD - Department of Child Health Care, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China. FAU - Shao, Yifeng AU - Shao Y AD - Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100020, China. AD - Department of General Surgery, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China. FAU - Jiang, Chengyang AU - Jiang C AD - Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100020, China. AD - Department of General Surgery, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China. FAU - Zhang, Runmin AU - Zhang R AD - China United Network Communications Group, Beijing Branch, Beijing 100009, China. FAU - Wang, Jian AU - Wang J AD - Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China. FAU - Chen, Xinlin AU - Chen X AD - Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100020, China. AD - Department of Child Health Care, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China. FAU - Zeng, Yuyuan AU - Zeng Y AD - Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100020, China. AD - Department of Child Health Care, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China. FAU - An, Qi AU - An Q AD - Department of Child Health Care, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China. FAU - Peng, Nan AU - Peng N AD - Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100020, China. AD - Department of Child Health Care, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China. FAU - Wang, Xi AU - Wang X AD - Department of Child Health Care, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China. FAU - Zhou, Bo AU - Zhou B AD - Department of Child Health Care, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China. FAU - Wang, Jianhong AU - Wang J AD - Department of Child Health Care, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China. FAU - Wang, Lin AU - Wang L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5536-781X AD - Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100020, China. AD - Department of Child Health Care, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China. LA - eng GR - 2024-1-1131/the Special Research Project of Capital Health Development/ GR - AL-02-19/High-level Public Health Talents Training Plan/ GR - XZYC-2025-07/New Quality Foundation of Capital Institute of Pediatrics/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260716 PL - Switzerland TA - Diagnostics (Basel) JT - Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101658402 PMC - PMC13408863 OTO - NOTNLM OT - clinical prediction model OT - idiopathic short stature OT - interpretability OT - machine learning OT - recombinant human growth hormone COIS- Author Runmin Zhang was employed by China United Network Communications Group, Beijing Branch. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/28 06:37 MHDA- 2026/07/28 06:38 PMCR- 2026/07/16 CRDT- 2026/07/28 01:01 PHST- 2026/06/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/28 01:01 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - diagnostics16142227 [pii] AID - diagnostics-16-02227 [pii] AID - 10.3390/diagnostics16142227 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Diagnostics (Basel). 2026 Jul 16;16(14):2227. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics16142227. PMID- 42509980 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260729 LR - 20260813 IS - 2227-9067 (Print) IS - 2227-9067 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9067 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul 20 TI - Correlation Between Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring and Target Organ Damage in Children. LID - 10.3390/children13070955 [doi] LID - 955 AB - BACKGROUND: Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) offers a comprehensive assessment of mean blood pressure (BP), circadian patterns, and out-of-office hypertension phenotypes. We evaluated the association of ABPM parameters with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and hypertensive retinopathy (HRP) in children with hypertension. METHODS: This retrospective analysis included 269 children who underwent ABPM at a tertiary care facility. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate associations between BP Z scores and target organ damage (TOD), adjusting for age, sex, and body mass index standard deviation score. Machine learning techniques (logistic regression, random forest, and multilayer perceptron) were also evaluated using 10-fold cross-validation across exploratory combinations of the 90th or 95th percentiles and BP-load thresholds of 25% or 50%. RESULTS: LVH was detected in 45/247 patients (18%) and HRP was observed in 22/240 patients (9%). The 24 h systolic BP Z score was independently associated with LVH (adjusted OR 1.44; 95% CI 1.16-1.80; p = 0.001). Cohort-derived systolic Z-score thresholds for LVH were 1.31 for 24 h systolic BP and 1.47 for nighttime systolic BP, corresponding to approximately the 90.6th and 93rd percentiles, respectively. No variable evaluated was independently associated with retinopathy. Logistic regression using the 90th percentile/25% load dataset showed the highest performance among the evaluated classifiers, but discrimination was limited (ROC area 0.603; MCC 0.041). CONCLUSIONS: Higher ambulatory systolic BP was independently associated with LVH but not with clinically detected hypertensive retinopathy. ABPM values at or above the 90th percentile and a systolic load of >/=25% may help identify children at increased risk of TOD, although these thresholds remain exploratory and require prospective external validation. FAU - Ozturk, Musa AU - Ozturk M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4316-2002 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara 06100, Turkiye. FAU - Bakirarar, Batuhan AU - Bakirarar B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5662-8193 AD - Department of Biostatistics, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara 06100, Turkiye. FAU - Ozcakar, Zeynep Birsin AU - Ozcakar ZB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6376-9189 AD - Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara 06100, Turkiye. FAU - Cakar, Nilgun AU - Cakar N AD - Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara 06100, Turkiye. FAU - Doganay, Beyza AU - Doganay B AD - Department of Biostatistics, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara 06100, Turkiye. FAU - Tutar, Ercan AU - Tutar E AD - Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara 06100, Turkiye. FAU - Yalcinkaya, Fatos AU - Yalcinkaya F AD - Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara 06100, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260720 PL - Switzerland TA - Children (Basel) JT - Children (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101648936 PMC - PMC13406871 OTO - NOTNLM OT - ambulatory blood pressure monitoring OT - childhood hypertension OT - left ventricular hypertrophy OT - machine learning OT - target organ damage COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/28 06:37 MHDA- 2026/07/28 06:38 PMCR- 2026/07/20 CRDT- 2026/07/28 01:01 PHST- 2026/06/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/28 01:01 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - children13070955 [pii] AID - children-13-00955 [pii] AID - 10.3390/children13070955 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Children (Basel). 2026 Jul 20;13(7):955. doi: 10.3390/children13070955. PMID- 42509955 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260729 LR - 20260813 IS - 2227-9067 (Print) IS - 2227-9067 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9067 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul 15 TI - Criterion and Convergent Validity of Youth Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Questionnaires in School Settings: A Systematic Review of Current Evidence and Future Perspectives. LID - 10.3390/children13070931 [doi] LID - 931 AB - BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Physical activity and sedentary behavior are key indicators of youth health, and questionnaires offer a cost-effective method for data collection. This systematic review synthesized evidence on the criterion and convergent validity of self-report questionnaires measuring physical activity and sedentary behavior in children and adolescents aged 5-18 years in school settings. METHODS: Searches were conducted in SPORTDiscus, Medline, Scopus, ERIC, Academic Search Complete, Education Source, and the Cochrane Library with no date limits. Included studies compared questionnaire results with established measures and were assessed using the consensus-based standards for the selection of health measurement instruments (COSMIN) checklist. RESULTS: Twenty-two studies covering 16 questionnaires were included; additional outcomes included test-retest reliability, content and construct validity, and psychometric evaluation. Validity correlations ranged from very weak to strong (r = 0.11-0.80; rho = 0.20-0.87), with Bland-Altman agreement (rho = 0.56-0.70) and mean absolute percentage error up to 199.6%. CONCLUSIONS: Eight questionnaires showed acceptable validity and reliability, though research is needed to strengthen evidence on measurement accuracy. FAU - Gagnon, Megane AU - Gagnon M AD - Department of Human Kinetics, Universite du Quebec a Trois-Rivieres, 3351 des Forges Blvd. P.O. Box 500, Trois-Rivieres, QC G8Z 4M3, Canada. FAU - Bouqartacha, Salma AU - Bouqartacha S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-6749-3047 AD - Department of Anatomy, Universite du Quebec a Trois-Rivieres, 3351 des Forges Blvd. P.O. Box 500, Trois-Rivieres, QC G8Z 4M3, Canada. FAU - Bedard, Eloane AU - Bedard E AD - Department of Human Kinetics, Universite du Quebec a Trois-Rivieres, 3351 des Forges Blvd. P.O. Box 500, Trois-Rivieres, QC G8Z 4M3, Canada. FAU - Delattre, Livia AU - Delattre L AD - Department of Human Kinetics, Universite du Quebec a Trois-Rivieres, 3351 des Forges Blvd. P.O. Box 500, Trois-Rivieres, QC G8Z 4M3, Canada. FAU - Descarreaux, Martin AU - Descarreaux M AD - Department of Human Kinetics, Universite du Quebec a Trois-Rivieres, 3351 des Forges Blvd. P.O. Box 500, Trois-Rivieres, QC G8Z 4M3, Canada. FAU - Guimaraes, Roseane de Fatima AU - Guimaraes RF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8151-7914 AD - Department of Human Kinetics, Universite du Quebec a Trois-Rivieres, 3351 des Forges Blvd. P.O. Box 500, Trois-Rivieres, QC G8Z 4M3, Canada. LA - eng GR - CMDO/FRQS 35330/Research Network on cardiometabolic health, diabetes and obesity/ GR - UQTR institutional Research Chair on lifestyle habits and health in youth/University of Quebec at Trois-Rivieres/ PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260715 PL - Switzerland TA - Children (Basel) JT - Children (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101648936 PMC - PMC13406170 OTO - NOTNLM OT - children and adolescents OT - physical activity OT - questionnaire validity OT - sedentary behavior OT - systematic review COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/28 06:37 MHDA- 2026/07/28 06:38 PMCR- 2026/07/15 CRDT- 2026/07/28 01:01 PHST- 2026/06/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/28 01:01 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - children13070931 [pii] AID - children-13-00931 [pii] AID - 10.3390/children13070931 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Children (Basel). 2026 Jul 15;13(7):931. doi: 10.3390/children13070931. PMID- 42509931 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260729 LR - 20260813 IS - 2227-9067 (Print) IS - 2227-9067 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9067 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul 8 TI - Validity and Reliability of the Spanish Version of the Children's Self-Perceptions of Adequacy in and Predilection for Physical Activity (CSAPPA) Questionnaire for Primary School Children Aged 6 to 12 Years. LID - 10.3390/children13070906 [doi] LID - 906 AB - INTRODUCTION: Understanding children's physical self-concept is crucial, as it influences motivation, behavior, and physical activity (PA). The Spanish version of the Children's Self-Perceptions of Adequacy in and Predilection for Physical Activity (CSAPPA) assesses the adequacy and predilection for PA, but it is not fully adapted for schoolchildren. Considering the developmental and contextual differences between children and adolescents, adapting and validating this instrument for younger populations is necessary. This study aimed to test the validity and reliability of the CSAPPA for schoolchildren aged 6-12 years (65 boys and 64 girls; mean age 9.63 +/- 1.78 years). METHOD: Comprehension of the CSAPPA was examined through cognitive interviews, and reliability was assessed via a test-retest approach with 129 Spanish schoolchildren. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), Cronbach's alpha, and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were used to evaluate validity and reliability. RESULTS: CFA confirmed the three-factor structure (Adequacy, Predilection, Enjoyment) in children aged 6-12, with excellent fit indices: Chi-square divided by degrees of freedom (chi(2)/df) = 1.179; Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) = 0.037; Comparative Fit Index (CFI) = 0.961; Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) = 0.953. Test-retest reliability ranged from questionable to good (Cronbach's alpha = 0.622-0.871), except for items 8 and 14. The ICC values indicated moderate to near-perfect (ICC: 0.453-0.871) temporal stability; items 8 and 14 were excluded. CONCLUSIONS: The Spanish CSAPPA demonstrates validity and reliability for assessing self-perceptions related to PA motivation among schoolchildren aged 6-12. As part of the affective domain in the Spanish Physical Literacy Assessment for Children (SPLA-C) model, it shows promise for use in school and sport contexts, supporting the identification of needs and planning interventions to promote active participation and positive development. However, items 8 and 14 demonstrated poor psychometric performance and should be interpreted with caution, requiring further refinement before the instrument can be recommended without reservation. FAU - Pastor-Cisneros, Raquel AU - Pastor-Cisneros R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7305-6783 AD - Physical Activity for Education, Performance and Health (PAEPH) Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain. FAU - Mendoza-Munoz, Maria AU - Mendoza-Munoz M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9502-5486 AD - Department of Communication and Education, Universidad Loyola Andalucia, 41704 Sevilla, Spain. FAU - Lopez-Gil, Jose Francisco AU - Lopez-Gil JF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7412-7624 AD - School of Medicine, Universidad Espiritu Santo, Samborondon 0901952, Ecuador. AD - Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autonoma de Chile, Temuco 4780000, Chile. FAU - Carlos-Vivas, Jorge AU - Carlos-Vivas J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6377-9950 AD - Physical Activity for Education, Performance and Health (PAEPH) Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260708 PL - Switzerland TA - Children (Basel) JT - Children (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101648936 PMC - PMC13406152 OTO - NOTNLM OT - educational assessment OT - motivation OT - physical education OT - young children COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/28 06:37 MHDA- 2026/07/28 06:38 PMCR- 2026/07/08 CRDT- 2026/07/28 01:01 PHST- 2026/06/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/28 01:01 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - children13070906 [pii] AID - children-13-00906 [pii] AID - 10.3390/children13070906 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Children (Basel). 2026 Jul 8;13(7):906. doi: 10.3390/children13070906. PMID- 42509924 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260729 LR - 20260813 IS - 2227-9067 (Print) IS - 2227-9067 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9067 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul 6 TI - Chronic Skin Disease, Media Use and Health Values in the Quality of Life of Adolescents. LID - 10.3390/children13070899 [doi] LID - 899 AB - INTRODUCTION: Chronic dermatological diseases that appear in adolescence, such as acne vulgaris, atopic dermatitis, alopecia areata and psoriasis vulgaris, not only cause physical symptoms but also significantly affect young people's quality of life, mental state, self-esteem and social relationships. Social media, especially information spread by influencers, significantly influences adolescents' body image, health-related attitudes and even the quality of the physician-patient relationship. The aim of our study was to explore the relationships between dermatology-related quality of life, media use, health values, body image and self-esteem among adolescents with chronic dermatological diseases. METHODS: In our cross-sectional, quantitative study, we used validated questionnaires (DLQI, EQ-5D-5L, IRVS, Attitude Scale, STAI-Y2, SWLS-H, Rosenberg Scale, BAT), which we supplemented with a media consumption questionnaire of our own design. Structured data collection took place between October 2024 and March 2025, with the participation of 208 adolescents aged 11-18. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0 (Spearman's correlation, Mann-Whitney test). Differences were considered significant at p < 0.05. Ethical approval: BM/22429-1/2024. RESULTS: Acne vulgaris was the most common diagnosis (65%), followed by atopic dermatitis (22%) and psoriasis (11%). Over a quarter of the adolescents (27%) followed influencers who provided skincare advice. The mean daily screen time was 4.5 h, with 3.7 h on smartphones. A longer screen time was significantly correlated with poorer dermatological quality of life. Greater dermatology-related quality of life impairment (higher DLQI scores) was associated with poorer general quality of life (EQ-5D-5L). Following skincare-related influencers was significantly associated with dermatology-related quality of life and anxiety. Conversely, stronger health values were significantly linked to more favourable health behaviors. CONCLUSIONS: In this sample, greater dermatology-related quality-of-life impairment was associated with poorer psychosocial outcomes. Longer screen time was associated with poorer dermatology-related quality of life and less favourable psychosocial outcomes. The novelty of our study lies in the use of a self-developed media consumption questionnaire, which is suitable for the complex mapping of psychological and quality-of-life factors in adolescents. FAU - Dinnyes, Katalin Julianna AU - Dinnyes KJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1975-7535 AD - Health Behaviour and Development Group, Faculty of Health Sciences and Social Training, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary. AD - Doctoral School of Education and Society, University of Pecs, H-7622 Pecs, Hungary. FAU - Csoma, Zsanett Renata AU - Csoma ZR AD - Health Behaviour and Development Group, Faculty of Health Sciences and Social Training, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary. AD - Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Albert Szent-Gyorgyi Clinical Center, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260706 PL - Switzerland TA - Children (Basel) JT - Children (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101648936 PMC - PMC13406771 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - body image OT - dermatology OT - health values OT - psychodermatology OT - quality of life OT - screen time OT - self-esteem OT - social media use COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/28 06:37 MHDA- 2026/07/28 06:38 PMCR- 2026/07/06 CRDT- 2026/07/28 01:01 PHST- 2026/04/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/28 01:01 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - children13070899 [pii] AID - children-13-00899 [pii] AID - 10.3390/children13070899 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Children (Basel). 2026 Jul 6;13(7):899. doi: 10.3390/children13070899. PMID- 42509878 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260729 LR - 20260813 IS - 2227-9067 (Print) IS - 2227-9067 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9067 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jun 24 TI - Do School Athletes Really Eat Better? Nutritional and Body Composition Differences in Saudi Adolescents. LID - 10.3390/children13070852 [doi] LID - 852 AB - Background: Obesity among Saudi adolescents has risen sharply, yet whether school athletic participation is associated with students showing improved dietary habits and better anthropometric profiles compared to those of their non-athlete peers remains unclear. This study compared anthropometric indices and dietary habits between school athletes and non-athletes in Riyadh. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 124 male secondary school students (70 athletes and 54 non-athletes aged 16-17 years) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Athletes were defined as students who reported engaging in vigorous-intensity sport for >/=3 days/week for >/=60 min/session. BMI, body weight, and waist circumference were measured objectively. Dietary habit frequencies across ten food categories were assessed using the validated Arab Teens Lifestyle Study (ATLS) questionnaire. Independent samples t-tests and chi-square tests were used; effect sizes were calculated as Cohen's d. A Bonferroni-corrected threshold (p < 0.005) was applied for multiple dietary comparisons. Results: Athletes had significantly lower BMI (23.64 +/- 5.39 vs. 30.28 +/- 7.25 kg/m(2); p < 0.001, d = 1.06), body weight (p < 0.001, d = 0.93), and waist circumference (85.46 +/- 12.61 vs. 95.50 +/- 17.89 cm; p < 0.001, d = 0.66). Obesity prevalence was 15.7% among athletes versus 51.9% among non-athletes. Of ten dietary variables, only fresh fruit consumption showed a between-group difference (62.9% vs. 40.7% high-frequency; p = 0.010), which did not survive Bonferroni correction. Conclusions: School athletes demonstrated substantially better anthropometric profiles than their non-athlete peers, but dietary habit frequencies were largely similar across both groups. The high obesity prevalence among non-athletes underscores the need for school-based programs that combine structured physical activity with targeted nutrition education. FAU - Alshuwaier, Ghareeb O AU - Alshuwaier GO AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3269-9509 AD - Department of Exercise Physiology, College of Sport Sciences and Physical Activity, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260624 PL - Switzerland TA - Children (Basel) JT - Children (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101648936 PMC - PMC13406725 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Arab adolescents OT - Saudi Vision 2030 OT - central obesity OT - cross-sectional study OT - food frequency OT - overweight OT - physical inactivity OT - school sport COIS- The author declares no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/28 06:37 MHDA- 2026/07/28 06:38 PMCR- 2026/06/24 CRDT- 2026/07/28 01:01 PHST- 2026/05/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/28 01:01 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - children13070852 [pii] AID - children-13-00852 [pii] AID - 10.3390/children13070852 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Children (Basel). 2026 Jun 24;13(7):852. doi: 10.3390/children13070852. PMID- 42509874 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260729 LR - 20260813 IS - 2227-9067 (Print) IS - 2227-9067 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9067 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jun 24 TI - Effectiveness of a School Physician-Led Counseling Intervention on Cholesterol Levels and Lifestyle Behaviors in Children with Hypercholesterolemia: A Randomized Controlled Trial. LID - 10.3390/children13070848 [doi] LID - 848 AB - Background: This randomized controlled trial aimed to evaluate the effects of a school physician-led counseling intervention on total cholesterol (TC) levels, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, physical activity, and sedentary behavior in children aged 6-7 years with elevated cholesterol levels in a Mediterranean setting. Methods: A one-year randomized controlled study was conducted among children aged 6-7 years with elevated TC levels, excluding those with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). Participants were randomly assigned to either a control group (n = 38) or an intervention group (n = 39). All participants received standard care consisting of educational materials and baseline counseling, while the intervention group additionally participated in three structured follow-up counseling sessions conducted by school physicians during the one-year study period. Counseling focused on Mediterranean dietary habits, implementation of basic dietary principles in cases of elevated TC levels, promotion of physical activity, and reduction in sedentary behavior. TC levels were measured at baseline and at the end of the study. Dietary habits, physical activity, and sedentary behavior were assessed using validated questionnaires. For the primary outcome, a descriptive change-from-baseline analysis, unadjusted mean difference, the approximate 95% confidence interval, and Cohen's d effect size were calculated. Results: At baseline, no significant differences in TC levels were observed between groups (p = 0.852). After the intervention, mean TC levels were lower in the intervention group than in the control group (4.977 +/- 0.414 mmol/L vs. 5.137 +/- 0.410 mmol/L); however, the between-group difference did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.089). The unadjusted mean difference at follow-up was -0.160 mmol/L, with an approximate 95% confidence interval from -0.35 to 0.03 and a small-to-moderate effect size in favor of the intervention group (Cohen's d = -0.39). Descriptive change-from-baseline analysis showed a greater mean reduction in TC in the intervention group than in the control group (-0.364 mmol/L vs. -0.195 mmol/L). A statistically significant improvement in adherence to the Mediterranean diet was observed in the intervention group compared with the control group (p < 0.001). Favorable changes were also observed in several physical activity and sedentary behavior variables, including participation in organized physical activity, walking and running activities, and reduced television viewing and video gaming time. Given the exploratory nature of behavioral analyses and the number of physical activity and sedentary behavior outcomes examined, these findings should be interpreted cautiously. Conclusions: The school physician-led counseling intervention did not result in a statistically significant between-group difference in TC levels after one year, although the direction and magnitude of change favored the intervention group. The intervention was associated with improved adherence to the Mediterranean diet and favorable exploratory lifestyle-related behavioral changes. Nevertheless, the findings should be interpreted cautiously in light of the relatively small sample size, non-significant primary outcome, and exploratory nature of behavioral analyses. FAU - Tomelic Ercegovic, Katarina AU - Tomelic Ercegovic K AD - Department of School and Adolescent Medicine, Teaching Institute for Public Health, Split-Dalmatia County, 21000 Split, Croatia. FAU - Glavas, Josipa AU - Glavas J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8032-3269 AD - Department of School and Adolescent Medicine, Teaching Institute for Public Health, Split-Dalmatia County, 21000 Split, Croatia. FAU - Sikirica, Ivana AU - Sikirica I AD - Department of School and Adolescent Medicine, Teaching Institute for Public Health, Split-Dalmatia County, 21000 Split, Croatia. FAU - Vrdoljak, Andrea AU - Vrdoljak A AD - Department of School and Adolescent Medicine, Teaching Institute for Public Health, Split-Dalmatia County, 21000 Split, Croatia. FAU - Tokic, Helena AU - Tokic H AD - Department of School and Adolescent Medicine, Teaching Institute for Public Health, Split-Dalmatia County, 21000 Split, Croatia. FAU - Perasovic, Jelica AU - Perasovic J AD - Department of School and Adolescent Medicine, Teaching Institute for Public Health, Split-Dalmatia County, 21000 Split, Croatia. FAU - Karin, Zeljka AU - Karin Z AD - Department of School and Adolescent Medicine, Teaching Institute for Public Health, Split-Dalmatia County, 21000 Split, Croatia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260624 PL - Switzerland TA - Children (Basel) JT - Children (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101648936 PMC - PMC13406426 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Mediterranean diet OT - children OT - hypercholesterolemia OT - intervention OT - physical activity OT - prevention COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/28 06:37 MHDA- 2026/07/28 06:38 PMCR- 2026/06/24 CRDT- 2026/07/28 01:01 PHST- 2026/05/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/28 01:01 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - children13070848 [pii] AID - children-13-00848 [pii] AID - 10.3390/children13070848 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Children (Basel). 2026 Jun 24;13(7):848. doi: 10.3390/children13070848. PMID- 42509549 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260728 LR - 20260813 IS - 1465-993X (Electronic) IS - 1465-9921 (Print) IS - 1465-9921 (Linking) VI - 27 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 27 TI - Increased high sensitivity C-reactive protein in more severe wheeze/asthma phenotypes in child- and adulthood in ALLIANCE. LID - 10.1186/s12931-026-03840-x [doi] LID - 294 AB - BACKGROUND: The relevance of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), a marker of low-grade systemic inflammation, remains unclear with regard to its association with severity and clinical outcomes in wheeze/asthma. We aimed to assess the role of hsCRP across different phenotypes and severity levels. METHODS: We studied children with preschool wheeze (>/= 2 episodes), and patients with GINA-defined asthma (school-age/adult) compared with healthy controls (HCs) in the well-characterized ALLIANCE (All Age Asthma Cohort) study. HsCRP was measured (AU5800(R)-CRP-Latex test) in 944 study participants (pediatric: n = 728; adult: n = 216) at baseline. Age-stratified analyses (age groups 0-5, 6-18, >/= 18 years) of standardized log(10)-transformed hsCRP concentrations (age, sex, BMI, site) were performed using univariable tests and regression models. The validated ASSESS score and its dimensions (exacerbations, lung function, inhaled corticosteroids, symptom control) were primary outcomes. RESULTS: Adult patients with asthma showed higher hsCRP than HCs (OR 2.22, 95% CI 1.56-3.24). Across all ages, hsCRP increased with clinical severity of wheeze/asthma. The ASSESS score correlated positively with hsCRP in patients aged >/= 6 years (R = 0.19, p = 0.007). hsCRP was increased in school-age asthmatics with prior exacerbations (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.01-1.87), and in adult asthmatics with impaired lung function (R = 0.2, p = 0.013). Inhaled corticosteroid use was associated with lower hsCRP in preschool wheezers (OR 0.66, 95% CI 0.50-0.85) but higher levels in adults (OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.02-4.09). CONCLUSIONS: HsCRP was increased in adult asthmatics compared to HCs and was associated with several severity-related clinical characteristics. ICS use was associated with higher hsCRP levels in adults, potentially reflecting greater disease severity, whereas ICS use in preschool wheezers was associated with lower hsCRP levels. These age-dependent effects may mirror varying disease courses across the lifespan and progression of asthma. The association of hsCRP with asthma severity in child- and adulthood may indicate its potential relevance for the course of disease and monitoring clinical outcomes. Future longitudinal studies are needed to assess, whether hsCRP may support therapy monitoring. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov; Pediatric arm: NCT02496468, Registration date: 03 July 2015; Adult arm: NCT02419274, Registration date: 14 April 2015. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Lagally, Lena AU - Lagally L AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-9798-9737 AD - Department of Paediatric Allergology, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, LMU University Hospital, LMU Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Munich, Germany. AD - Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Munich (CPC-M), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany. AD - Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology (IBE), LMU Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Munich, Germany. FAU - Ullemeyer, Lena AU - Ullemeyer L AD - Department of Paediatric Allergology, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, LMU University Hospital, LMU Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Munich, Germany. AD - Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Munich (CPC-M), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany. FAU - Omony, Jimmy AU - Omony J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9983-1039 AD - Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Munich (CPC-M), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany. AD - Institute for Asthma and Allergy Prevention (IAP), Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany. FAU - Gottschau, Kristina AU - Gottschau K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0785-9964 AD - Department of Paediatric Allergology, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, LMU University Hospital, LMU Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Munich, Germany. AD - Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Munich (CPC-M), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany. FAU - Foppiano, Francesco AU - Foppiano F AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-5650-9984 AD - Department of Paediatric Allergology, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, LMU University Hospital, LMU Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Munich, Germany. AD - Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology (IBE), LMU Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Munich, Germany. FAU - Abdo, Mustafa AU - Abdo M AD - LungenClinic Grosshansdorf GmbH, Grosshansdorf, Germany. AD - Airway Research Center North (ARCN), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Grosshansdorf, Germany. AD - Department of Pneumology and Critical Care Medicine, Thoraxklinik at Heidelberg University Hospital, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. FAU - Veith, Vera AU - Veith V AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-8731-9702 AD - LungenClinic Grosshansdorf GmbH, Grosshansdorf, Germany. AD - Airway Research Center North (ARCN), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Grosshansdorf, Germany. FAU - Tholken, Clemens AU - Tholken C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4328-9193 AD - Center for Synthetic Microbiology (SYNMIKRO), Philipps-Universitat Marburg, Marburg, Germany. FAU - Hose, Alexander AU - Hose A AD - Department of Paediatric Allergology, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, LMU University Hospital, LMU Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Munich, Germany. AD - Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Munich (CPC-M), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany. FAU - Maison, Nicole AU - Maison N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8731-4218 AD - Department of Paediatric Allergology, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, LMU University Hospital, LMU Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Munich, Germany. AD - Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Munich (CPC-M), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany. AD - Institute for Asthma and Allergy Prevention (IAP), Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany. FAU - Grychtol, Ruth AU - Grychtol R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8084-104X AD - Department of Paediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. AD - Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany. FAU - Dittrich, Anna-Maria AU - Dittrich AM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9582-1025 AD - Department of Paediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. AD - Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany. AD - Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. FAU - Riemann, Lennart AU - Riemann L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7188-5227 AD - Department of Paediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. AD - Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany. AD - Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. FAU - Weckmann, Markus AU - Weckmann M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5342-979X AD - University Children's Hospital, Luebeck, Germany. AD - Airway Research Center North (ARCN), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Luebeck, Germany. AD - Division of Epigenetics in Chronic Lung Disease, Priority Area Chronic Lung Diseases, Leibniz Lung Center, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany. FAU - Konig, Inke AU - Konig I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0504-6465 AD - Airway Research Center North (ARCN), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Luebeck, Germany. AD - Institute for Medical Biometry and Statistics, University Luebeck, University Medical Centre Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany. FAU - Kronziel, Lea AU - Kronziel L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2126-6831 AD - Airway Research Center North (ARCN), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Luebeck, Germany. AD - Institute for Medical Biometry and Statistics, University Luebeck, University Medical Centre Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany. FAU - Illi, Sabina AU - Illi S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4994-7732 AD - Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Munich (CPC-M), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany. AD - Institute for Asthma and Allergy Prevention (IAP), Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany. FAU - van Koningsbruggen-Rietschel, Silke AU - van Koningsbruggen-Rietschel S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2222-4238 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. FAU - Rabe, Klaus F AU - Rabe KF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7020-1401 AD - LungenClinic Grosshansdorf GmbH, Grosshansdorf, Germany. AD - Airway Research Center North (ARCN), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Grosshansdorf, Germany. FAU - Renz, Harald AU - Renz H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0602-7215 AD - Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Molecular Diagnostics, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany. AD - University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany. FAU - Hansen, Gesine AU - Hansen G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5185-9454 AD - Department of Paediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. AD - Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany. AD - Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. FAU - Brinkmann, Folke AU - Brinkmann F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4307-4232 AD - University Children's Hospital, Luebeck, Germany. AD - Airway Research Center North (ARCN), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Luebeck, Germany. FAU - Kopp, Matthias V AU - Kopp MV AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1989-5492 AD - University Children's Hospital, Luebeck, Germany. AD - Airway Research Center North (ARCN), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Luebeck, Germany. AD - Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Inselspital, University Children's Hospital of Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. FAU - von Mutius, Erika AU - von Mutius E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8893-4515 AD - Department of Paediatric Allergology, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, LMU University Hospital, LMU Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Munich, Germany. AD - Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Munich (CPC-M), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany. AD - Institute for Asthma and Allergy Prevention (IAP), Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany. FAU - Bahmer, Thomas AU - Bahmer T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7677-7057 AD - LungenClinic Grosshansdorf GmbH, Grosshansdorf, Germany. AD - Airway Research Center North (ARCN), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Grosshansdorf, Germany. FAU - Ege, Markus AU - Ege M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6643-3923 AD - Department of Paediatric Allergology, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, LMU University Hospital, LMU Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Munich, Germany. AD - Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Munich (CPC-M), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany. AD - Institute for Asthma and Allergy Prevention (IAP), Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany. FAU - Skevaki, Chrysanthi AU - Skevaki C AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-7522-3294 AD - Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Molecular Diagnostics, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany. AD - University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany. AD - Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA. AD - Centre for Research and Education in Public Health (CEPHRE), Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece. FAU - Schaub, Bianca AU - Schaub B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1652-8873 AD - Department of Paediatric Allergology, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, LMU University Hospital, LMU Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Munich, Germany. Bianca.Schaub@med.uni-muenchen.de. AD - Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Munich (CPC-M), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany. Bianca.Schaub@med.uni-muenchen.de. AD - German Center for Child and Adolescent Health (DZKJ), Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, LMU University Hospital, LMU Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Munich, Germany. Bianca.Schaub@med.uni-muenchen.de. CN - ALLIANCE Study Group LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT02496468 SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT02419274 PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260727 PL - England TA - Respir Res JT - Respiratory research JID - 101090633 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 9007-41-4 (C-Reactive Protein) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Young Adult MH - *Asthma/blood/diagnosis/epidemiology MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - *C-Reactive Protein/metabolism MH - Cohort Studies MH - *Phenotype MH - *Respiratory Sounds/diagnosis/physiopathology MH - *Severity of Illness Index PMC - PMC13412301 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Asthma OT - Asthma treatment OT - Clinical immunology OT - Epidemiology OT - Inflammation OT - Pediatrics OT - Wheeze COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study involved human participants. A statement within the Methods section to confirm that informed consent was obtained is provided. The study was approved by local ethics committees (lead: University of Luebeck Ethics Committee; reference no. AZ 12-215) and conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: LU, LL, JO, KG, FF, MA, VV, CT, AH, NM, LR, IK, LK, SI, HR, FB have nothing to declare. This work was supported by German Center for Lung Research (DZL) (RG, AMD, KR, GH, MK, ME, EvM, TB, CS, BS); German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) (AMD, TB, EvM, GH) and RG: Else-Kroner Fresenius Stiftung; AMD: Vertex Pharmaceutical Inc., German Science Foundation, GSK, Oxford University, Novartis, Hogrefe Publishing Company, Department for Pediatric Psychology, Philipps University Marburg, Vertex Pharmaceuticals, StreamedUP, Christiane-Herzog-Foundation, Austrian Society for Rare Disease, Paul-Ehrlich-Institute, German CF Patient Advocacy Board, German CF Clinical Trial Network Executive Committee, ECFS CTN Executive Committee; MW: DFG, HORIZON-MSCA-2023, COVID-19 Research Initiative Schleswig-Holstein, Follow-Up of Respiratory Infections in Schleswig-Holstein (FRISH), intramural funding of the Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, the University of Lubeck, and the Leibniz Lung Center, Research Center Borstel; SvKR: Wilsing Stiftung Koln; KR: AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesie, Sanofi & Regeneron, Astra Zeneca, Chiesi Pharmaceuticals, CSL Behring, GlaxoSmithKline, Berlin Chemie, Menarini, German Chest Society (DGP), American Thoracic Society (ATS); GH: Sanofi GmbH, MedUpdate, Abbvie; MK: University of Bern, Allergopharma GmbH, Sanofi Aventis GmbH, Infectopharm GmbH, Gesellschaft Padiatrische Pneumologie e.V; EvM: Bavarian State Ministry of Health and Care for "URS Study", Go Bio Initial Grant, BMBF (Federal Ministry of Education and Research), European Research Council Award, "BEAR Study", O.M. Pharma S.A.; Elsevier GmbH, Georg Thieme Verlag, Springer-Verlag GmbH, Elsevier Ltd., Springer Nature Group, Deutscher Apotheker Verlag; Chinese University of Hongkong, European Commission, AstraZeneca, Imperial College London, OM Pharma S.A., Clarivate; ALK-Abello Arzneimittel GmbH, Japanese Society of Pediatric Allergy and Clinical Immunology (JSPACI), Klinikum Rechts der Isar, University of Colorado, Paul-Martini-Stiftung, Astra Zeneca BioPharmaceuticals Medical, Imperial College London, Children s Hospital Research, Institute of Manitoba Kompetenzzentrum fur Ernahrung (Kern), OM Pharma S.A., Swedish Pediatric Society for Allergy and Lung Medicine, Chinese College of Allergy and Asthma (CCAA), Abbott Laboratories, Deutscher Apotheker Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, Socieded Chilena de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Japanese Society of Allergology, British Society for Asthma and Clinical Immunology, American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology, European Respiratory Society (ERS), Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, French Health Research Programs' Agency, CONSORZIO FUTURO IN RICERCA, Technical University of Munich (TUM); Deutsches Zentrum fur Lungenforschung (DZL), Fabio Luigi Massimo Ricciardolo/Contatto S.r.l., Fraunhofer ITEM Hannover, MCCA Institut fur Immunologie Uni Wien, Karl-Landsteiner Privatuniversitat f. Gesundheitswissenschaften, Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) Davos (Associated Institute of the University of Zurich) MHH (Medizinische Hochschule Hannover), Natasha Allergy Research Foundation, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Gordon Research Conferences, Socieded Chilena de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Arla, Universitat Leiden, OM Pharma S.A., American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), European Respiratory Society (ERS), Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, World Allergy Organization (WAO), European Parliament, Gesellschaft fur Padiatrische Pneumologie (GPP), European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI), Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres, Nobel Conference Stockholm, AAA Congress Sarajevo, Karolinska Institutet, Balzan Foundation, Fondazione Menarini, International Union of Immunological Societies (IUIS), Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Allergologie und klinische Immunologie (DGAKI), Collegium Internationale Allergologicum, European Academy of Allergy & Clinical Immunology (EAACI); EvM has patent No. PCT/EP2019/085016 (Barn dust extract for the prevention and treatment of diseases) issued EU, pending US, Royalties paid to ProtectImmun for patent EP2361632 (Speci fi c environmental bacteria for the protection from and/or the treatment of allergic, chronic in fl ammatory and/or autoimmune disorders, granted on 19 March 2014), and patents EP1411977 (Composition containing bacterial antigens used for the prophylaxis and the treatment of allergic diseases, granted on 18 April 2007), EP1637147 (Stable dust extract for allergy protection, granted on 10 December 2008), and EP 1964570 (Pharmaceutical compound to protect against allergies and in fl ammatory diseases, granted on 21 November 2012) licensed to ProtectImmun. Patent EP21189353.2. 2021. von Mutius E, Rankl B, Bracher F, Muller C, Walker A, Hauck SM, Merl-Pham J, inventors; PROTEINS IDENTIFIED FROM BARN DUST EXTRACT FOR THE PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF DISEASES. Patent PCT/US2021/016918. 2021. Martinez FD, Vercelli D, Snyder SA, von Mutius E, Pivniouk V, Marques dos Santos M, inventors; THERAPEUTIC FRACTIONS AND PROTEINS FROM ASTHMA-PROTECTIVE FARM DUST. Patent EP21189353.2. 2021. von Mutius E, Rankl B, Bracher F, Muller C, Walker A, Hauck SM, Merl-Pham J, Adler H, Yildirim A.O., Sattler M, Santos Dias Mourao A, Borggrafe J, O Connor P.D., Plettenburg O, inventors; PROTEINS IDENTIFIED FROM BARN DUST EXTRACT FOR THE PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF DISEASES. Member of the BEAMS External Scientific Advisory Board (ESAB), Member of the Editorial Board of "The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice", Member of the Scientific Advisory Board of the Children's Respiratory and Environmental Workgroup (CREW), Member of the International Scientific & Societal Advisory Board (ISSAB) of Utrecht Life Sciences (ULS) University of Utrecht, Member of External Review Panel of the Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Utrecht, Member of the Selection Committee for the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Programme (DFG), Member of the International Advisory Board of "The Lancet Respiratory Medicine", Member of the Scientific Advisory Board of the CHILD (Canadian Healthy Infant Longitudinal Development) study, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada, Member of the Pediatric Scientific Advisory Board Iceland, Member of the Abbott Allergy Risk Reduction Advisory Board, Member of the HpVac Scientific Advisory Board, Member of the OM Pharma Scientific Advisory Board, Member of the Award Committee of the International Balzan Foundation, Member of the Scientific Advisory Board for French Prevention National Research Programme, Member of the Scientific Advisory Panel for The Natasha Allergy Research Foundation; TB: Network University Medicine (NUM), Thieme, HealthHero, PneumoLounge, Pohl Boskamp, Pfizer, Chiesi, AstraZeneca, PohlBoskamp, German Society for Pneumology (DGP); ME: Latvian Council of Science, Travel Grant by the International Milk Genomics Consortium 2023 and by Dutch Longfunds 2025; CS: Consultancy and research funding, Bencard Allergie; Consultancy, Novartis Pharma GmbH; BS: GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, Sanofi, Astra Zeneca, DGAKI. FIR - Burk, Mira IR - Burk M FIR - Contento, Sybille IR - Contento S FIR - Gschwendtner, Silvia IR - Gschwendtner S FIR - Jakwerth, Constanze IR - Jakwerth C FIR - Schloter, Michael IR - Schloter M FIR - Schmidt-Weber, Carsten IR - Schmidt-Weber C FIR - Zeitlmann, Esther IR - Zeitlmann E FIR - Biller, Heike IR - Biller H FIR - Blanke-Roeser, Constantin IR - Blanke-Roeser C FIR - Gaede, Karoline I IR - Gaede KI FIR - Hagedorn, Wiebke IR - Hagedorn W FIR - Jacobs, Nikolas IR - Jacobs N FIR - Kirsten, Anne-Marie IR - Kirsten AM FIR - Nissen, Gyde IR - Nissen G FIR - Nurieva, Wasifa IR - Nurieva W FIR - Pedersen, Frauke IR - Pedersen F FIR - Penner, Loana IR - Penner L FIR - Ricklefs, Isabell IR - Ricklefs I FIR - Szymczak, Silke IR - Szymczak S FIR - Waschki, Benjamin IR - Waschki B FIR - Watz, Henrik IR - Watz H FIR - Wirks, Christopher IR - Wirks C FIR - Bickes, Marie IR - Bickes M FIR - Calvero, Mifflin-Rae IR - Calvero MR FIR - DeLuca, David S IR - DeLuca DS FIR - Gaedcke, Svenja IR - Gaedcke S FIR - Habener, Anika IR - Habener A FIR - Happle, Christine IR - Happle C FIR - Jirmo, Adan Chari IR - Jirmo AC FIR - Liu, Bin IR - Liu B FIR - Foth, Svenja IR - Foth S FIR - Jerrentrup, Inga IR - Jerrentrup I FIR - Weber, Stefanie IR - Weber S FIR - Alejandre Alcazar, Miguel A IR - Alejandre Alcazar MA FIR - Keufken, Lena IR - Keufken L FIR - Rietschel, Ernst IR - Rietschel E FIR - Trojan, Tobias IR - Trojan T FIR - Thomassen, Jan-Christoph IR - Thomassen JC EDAT- 2026/07/28 00:35 MHDA- 2026/07/28 06:37 PMCR- 2026/07/27 CRDT- 2026/07/27 23:35 PHST- 2026/05/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/28 00:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/27 23:35 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12931-026-03840-x [pii] AID - 3840 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12931-026-03840-x [doi] PST - epublish SO - Respir Res. 2026 Jul 27;27(1):294. doi: 10.1186/s12931-026-03840-x. PMID- 42509536 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260728 LR - 20260813 IS - 1471-2369 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2369 (Linking) VI - 27 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 25 TI - Examining commonly used equations for estimating the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in a healthy cohort of children and adolescents. LID - 10.1186/s12882-026-05219-y [doi] LID - 446 AB - BACKGROUND: In this study, we compared established equations for estimating the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in a cohort of apparently healthy children and adolescents and aimed to evaluate the equations' validity. METHODS: Blood samples and anthropometric data from 4,776 apparently healthy participants (0.25-21 years) were analyzed. The glomerular filtration rate was estimated (eGFR) using the revised Schwartz Bedside (2009), the Cystatin C- and Serum Creatinine- based Schwartz equation, the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) equation, the 3 versions of the U25 (U25cys, U25scr, U25ave), the Serum Creatinine version, as well as the Cystatin-C based equation from the European Kidney Function Consortium (EKFCcr, EKFCcys), the CAPA equation, and the Cystatin C-Creatinine-based Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI). The resulting eGFR distributions were compared, and the percentages of eGFR values within the expected physiological eGFR range (90-120 ml/min/1.73 m(2)) were calculated stratified by age and sex. Subsequently, age ranges with implausible distributions were identified. RESULTS: EKFCcr, CKiD, Schwartz, and U25scr yielded the highest proportion of eGFRs within the expected range and showed consistent values across age groups without large jumps. Bland-Altman analysis indicated extremely low biases between Schwartz and EKFCcr and very high biases especially between CKD-EPI, CAPA and Bedside in reference to the other equations. Males showed higher eGFRs than females. CONCLUSIONS: We found that the EKFC equations, Schwartz, and U25 resulted in eGFR distributions within the expected physiological range for an apparently healthy pediatric cohort. Estimates from simpler equations such as Bedside and CAPA were more prone to implausible results. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinical trial number NCT02550236 (clinicaltrials.gov, date of registration: 2014-12-15). CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Trenkmann, Luise AU - Trenkmann L AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-8680-1358 AD - LIFE Child Study, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Philipp-Rosenthal-Strasse 27, 04103, Leipzig, Germany. luise@trenkmann.eu. FAU - Ziegelasch, Niels AU - Ziegelasch N AD - LIFE Child Study, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Philipp-Rosenthal-Strasse 27, 04103, Leipzig, Germany. FAU - Dittrich, Katalin AU - Dittrich K AD - Center of Paediatric Research (CPL), University of Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany. AD - Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 20a, 04103, Leipzig, Germany. FAU - Willenberg, Anja AU - Willenberg A AD - Institute for Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics (ILM), University Hospital Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany. FAU - Kiess, Wieland AU - Kiess W AD - LIFE Child Study, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Philipp-Rosenthal-Strasse 27, 04103, Leipzig, Germany. AD - Center of Paediatric Research (CPL), University of Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany. FAU - Vogel, Mandy AU - Vogel M AD - LIFE Child Study, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Philipp-Rosenthal-Strasse 27, 04103, Leipzig, Germany. AD - Center of Paediatric Research (CPL), University of Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT02550236 PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260725 PL - England TA - BMC Nephrol JT - BMC nephrology JID - 100967793 RN - AYI8EX34EU (Creatinine) RN - 0 (Cystatin C) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - Cohort Studies MH - Creatinine/blood MH - Cystatin C/blood MH - *Glomerular Filtration Rate/physiology MH - Reference Values MH - Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/diagnosis PMC - PMC13410585 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Children OT - Creatinine OT - Cystatin C OT - Kidney OT - Pediatric OT - eGFR COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards and have been approved by the Ethics Committee of the University of Leipzig (Reg. No. 477-19-09102020). Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants, or their legal guardians, included in the study. The study is registered under the NCT Trial Number: 02550236 at ClinicalTrials.gov, date of registration: 2014-12-15. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/28 00:35 MHDA- 2026/07/28 06:37 PMCR- 2026/07/25 CRDT- 2026/07/27 23:33 PHST- 2025/11/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/28 00:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/27 23:33 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12882-026-05219-y [pii] AID - 5219 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12882-026-05219-y [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Nephrol. 2026 Jul 25;27(1):446. doi: 10.1186/s12882-026-05219-y. PMID- 42509504 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260916 LR - 20260928 IS - 1432-2218 (Electronic) IS - 0930-2794 (Print) IS - 0930-2794 (Linking) VI - 40 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Missing data handling in pediatric appendectomy research: current practices and National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) analysis. PG - 8068-8080 LID - 10.1007/s00464-026-13123-7 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Appendectomy is a leading pediatric surgical procedure, yet the impact of missing data handling on clinical conclusions remains unexplored in pediatric surgery. This study aimed to identify current reporting practices in the pediatric appendectomy literature and quantify how different missing-data strategies influence the identification of postoperative infectious-complication risk factors. METHODS: A systematic review of pediatric appendectomy literature from 2023 was conducted across PubMed and Web of Science to assess missing data reporting. Subsequently, a retrospective analysis of the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program-Pediatric (NSQIP-P) database (2015-2022) was performed on 142,129 cases. Five strategies were compared: available case analysis, threshold-based exclusion, complete case analysis, simple imputation, and multiple imputation. Multivariable logistic regression models identified risk factors for five infectious outcomes, including combined infectious complications, organ space infections, deep incisional infections, superficial surgical site infections, and wound dehiscence. RESULTS: The literature review identified 116 eligible articles, of which 54.3% failed to mention missing data. Only 7.3% used advanced statistical techniques, while 86.4% reported that a method relied on complete-case analysis. In the NSQIP-P cohort, 39.3% of records had missing values, primarily in height and race. While core predictors like American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class and operative duration remained stable in multivariate logistic regression analysis, variables such as preoperative white blood cell count and anthropometric measurements fluctuated in significance depending on the handling method. Complete case analysis was the most conservative, identifying the fewest significant predictors. CONCLUSION: Methodological transparency regarding missing data is critically lacking in pediatric surgical research. Because the choice of data-handling strategy significantly alters the identification of clinical risk factors, researchers should prioritize multiple imputation over simple exclusion methods. Journals must mandate rigorous reporting of missingness to ensure the reliability of evidence-based surgical guidelines. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Tsutsumi, Ayaka AU - Tsutsumi A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-6511-9666 AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, SSM Health Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital, 1465 S Grand Blvd, Saint Louis, MO, 63104, USA. ayaka.tsutsumi@health.slu.edu. FAU - Si, Tong AU - Si T AD - The Advanced Health Data (AHEAD) Institute, Saint Louis University Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA. FAU - Salas, Joanne AU - Salas J AD - The Advanced Health Data (AHEAD) Institute, Saint Louis University Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA. FAU - Hargrave, Anna AU - Hargrave A AD - Department of General Surgery, Saint Louis University Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA. FAU - Trello, Grace AU - Trello G AD - School of Medicine, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA. FAU - Qiu, Jessica AU - Qiu J AD - School of Medicine, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA. FAU - Reddy, Priya AU - Reddy P AD - School of Medicine, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA. FAU - Nash, Maria AU - Nash M AD - School of Medicine, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA. FAU - Kohli, Nikita AU - Kohli N AD - School of Medicine, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA. FAU - Miyata, Shin AU - Miyata S AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, SSM Health Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital, 1465 S Grand Blvd, Saint Louis, MO, 63104, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20260727 PL - Germany TA - Surg Endosc JT - Surgical endoscopy JID - 8806653 SB - IM MH - *Appendectomy/statistics & numerical data MH - Humans MH - *Quality Improvement MH - Child MH - Postoperative Complications/epidemiology/etiology MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Risk Factors MH - *Research Design/standards MH - Surgical Wound Infection/epidemiology PMC - PMC13582071 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Acute appendicitis OT - Appendectomy OT - Missing data OT - Missingness OT - Pediatric surgery COIS- Declarations. Disclosures: Ayaka Tsutsumi, MD (Corresponding Author), Tong Si, PhD, Joanne Salas, MPH, Anna Hargrave, DO, Grace Trello, BS, Jessica Qiu, BS, Priya Reddy, BS, Maria Nash, BS, Nikita Kohli, BS, Shin Miyata, MD have no conflicts of interest or financial ties to disclose. EDAT- 2026/07/28 00:35 MHDA- 2026/09/17 05:35 PMCR- 2026/07/27 CRDT- 2026/07/27 23:30 PHST- 2026/03/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/17 05:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/28 00:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/27 23:30 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s00464-026-13123-7 [pii] AID - 13123 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00464-026-13123-7 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Surg Endosc. 2026 Sep;40(9):8068-8080. doi: 10.1007/s00464-026-13123-7. Epub 2026 Jul 27. PMID- 42509096 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260819 LR - 20260819 IS - 2090-2387 (Electronic) IS - 1687-1979 (Linking) VI - 27 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Machine learning prediction of complications after surgery in cirrhotic patients: Integrating nutritional risk with liver function. PG - 382-390 LID - S1687-1979(26)00073-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ajg.2026.06.009 [doi] AB - Liver disease is among the most common medical conditions in the world, leading to high rates of morbidity and death. Early identification of liver diseases enables prompt care, which may prevent many conditions from progressing to more serious stages, like cirrhosis or liver cancer. Traditionally, models often overlook the predictive importance of nutritional status and focus primarily on liver-specific measures. This research aims to propose a machine learning (ML) approach to predict surgical complications in patients with liver cirrhosis by integrating existing liver function metrics with a comprehensive nutritional risk assessment. In this study, we used the MIMIC-IV dataset, which consists of patient medical records. We utilized a 504-patient cohort with features such as age, gender, bilirubin, albumin, INR (International Normalized Ratio), Child-Pugh score, MELD score (Model for End-Stage Liver Disease), NRS (Nutritional Risk Screening), complication, and composite risk. Mortality was used as the primary outcome variable for prediction. ML models were utilized for training, along with correlation analysis and Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) approaches like SHAP and LIME to interpret the model. The stackable ensemble model was employed to enhance the model's performance and robustness. The proposed model achieved an accuracy of 94% and an AUC of 0.97. This methodology emphasizes the critical importance of nutritional assessment in surgical risk classification. It offers a clinically relevant framework to guide preparatory strategies, promote collaborative decision-making, and improve perioperative care pathways for this vulnerable population. CI - Copyright (c) 2026. Published by Elsevier B.V. FAU - Yao, Yao AU - Yao Y AD - Nutrition Department, Xingtai People's Hospital, No. 818 Xiangdu North Road, Xingtai city, Hebei Province, 054000, China. Electronic address: yaoy_sd@163.com. FAU - Chen, Xinxin AU - Chen X AD - Nutrition Department, Xingtai People's Hospital, No. 818 Xiangdu North Road, Xingtai city, Hebei Province, 054000, China. FAU - Wei, Zijie AU - Wei Z AD - Nutrition Department, Xingtai People's Hospital, No. 818 Xiangdu North Road, Xingtai city, Hebei Province, 054000, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260727 PL - Egypt TA - Arab J Gastroenterol JT - Arab journal of gastroenterology : the official publication of the Pan-Arab Association of Gastroenterology JID - 101298363 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Liver Cirrhosis/surgery/physiopathology/complications MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Postoperative Complications/etiology MH - Predictive Learning Models MH - Risk Assessment/methods MH - Nutritional Status MH - Middle Aged MH - Nutrition Assessment MH - *Machine Learning MH - Aged MH - Liver Function Tests MH - Prediction Algorithms MH - Risk Factors MH - Adult OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cirrhotic patients OT - Deep Learning (DL) OT - Explainable AI OT - Liver cirrhosis OT - Nutritional Risk COIS- Declaration of competing interests The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/07/28 00:35 MHDA- 2026/08/19 23:42 CRDT- 2026/07/27 21:55 PHST- 2026/01/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/19 23:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/28 00:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/27 21:55 [entrez] AID - S1687-1979(26)00073-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ajg.2026.06.009 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Arab J Gastroenterol. 2026 Aug;27(3):382-390. doi: 10.1016/j.ajg.2026.06.009. Epub 2026 Jul 27. PMID- 42507676 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260727 LR - 20260813 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 7 DP - 2026 TI - An automated approach to extracting head and brain circumference from MRI datasets. PG - e0352445 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0352445 [doi] LID - e0352445 AB - Head circumference is a fundamental biometric parameter for brain growth in both the clinical pediatric setting and in developmental neuroscience. However, the gold standard for obtaining head circumference by manual tape measurement is notoriously error-prone. Further, while it is known that the growth trajectories of head and brain differ over time, a systematic comparison of these two parameters as a function of age does not yet exist. We developed a new and automated algorithm for obtaining head and brain circumference from MRI data. The algorithm mimics manual head circumference measurement by placing a convex hull around axial slices which must intersect with predefined anatomical landmarks. Several differently-tilted iterations are run and results are combined. In addition to obtaining head circumference, the approach can also be applied to gray matter only, providing "brain circumference" (gray matter hull perimeter) at the same level as head circumference. To assess validity, we used T1-weighted 3D datasets (n = 153) with available, manually measured head circumference values (age range 0-226 months [0-18.8 years]). To assess test-retest reliability, a second dataset (n = 3 with 40 scans each) was used. When compared with the current gold standard (manual measure), high validity was demonstrated for the new approach, with no systematic bias. The algorithm also showed a very high reliability across multiple measurements. Developmental trajectories of both head and brain circumference were generated and compared. In summary, the algorithm represents a valid and reliable method for the automated determination of head as well as brain circumference. It offers an objective way to assess these parameters in retrospect and prospectively, and may shed light on specific clinical situations where they differ, such as in the presence of enlarged subarachnoid spaces. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Klischat, Wilke. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Klischat, Jasmin AU - Klischat J AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-1114-9122 AD - Department of Neuropediatrics, General Pediatrics, Diabetology, Endocrinology, Social Paediatrics, University Children's Hospital, Tubingen, Germany. AD - Experimental Pediatric Neuroimaging, Children's Hospital and Department of Neuroradiology, University of Tubingen, Germany. FAU - Wilke, Marko AU - Wilke M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5655-027X AD - Department of Neuropediatrics, General Pediatrics, Diabetology, Endocrinology, Social Paediatrics, University Children's Hospital, Tubingen, Germany. AD - Experimental Pediatric Neuroimaging, Children's Hospital and Department of Neuroradiology, University of Tubingen, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260727 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods MH - *Brain/anatomy & histology/growth & development MH - *Head/anatomy & histology MH - Algorithms MH - Child, Preschool MH - Child MH - Infant MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Male MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - *Cephalometry/methods MH - Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods PMC - PMC13405294 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/07/27 18:35 MHDA- 2026/07/27 18:36 PMCR- 2026/07/27 CRDT- 2026/07/27 13:33 PHST- 2025/09/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/27 18:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/27 18:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/27 13:33 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-25-51960 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0352445 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 Jul 27;21(7):e0352445. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0352445. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42507462 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261005 LR - 20261016 IS - 2168-6211 (Electronic) IS - 2168-6203 (Print) IS - 2168-6203 (Linking) VI - 180 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct 1 TI - Family-Centered Child Obesity Treatment: The TEAM UP Randomized Clinical Trial. PG - 1076-1084 LID - 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.3067 [doi] AB - IMPORTANCE: Families have limited access to pediatric weight management services. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of enhanced standard of care (ESOC) with family-based behavioral treatment (FBT) vs ESOC alone in reducing percent over median body mass index (percent median BMI) among children and adolescents with obesity. ESOC+FBT was hypothesized to reduce relative weight more than would ESOC alone. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This was a pragmatic, comparative-effectiveness randomized clinical trial (2019-2024). Data collectors were blinded, and patients were followed up at 18 months. The setting included a total of 41 primary care clinical practices in Louisiana, New York, Missouri, and Illinois. Children and adolescents aged 6 to 15 years with obesity were referred by their primary care practitioner (PCP) or self-selected into the trial. INTERVENTIONS: ESOC was led by the PCP and intensified depending on a child's response. ESOC+FBT included all ESOC components plus meetings with an FBT interventionist, focusing on nutritious eating, physical activity, positive parenting strategies, and management of social and environmental cues. Both interventions lasted 12 months. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Change in percent median BMI at 12 months (end of treatment). RESULTS: A total of 1631 parents completed the web screen for their child, and 901 parent-child dyads were excluded or declined participation before randomization. The final sample of 730 children, each with a participating parent, had a mean (SD) age of 10.8 (2.5) years, 387 (54%) were female, 337 (47%) had Medicaid, and 160 (22%) had food insecurity. At the end of the treatment period, children in the group receiving ESOC+FBT experienced a significant reduction in percent median BMI (-6.4; 95% CI, -8.29 to -4.43) vs ESOC (-2.6; 95% CI, -4.46 to -0.71), with a mean between-group difference of -3.8 units (95% CI, -6.20 to -1.34 units; P = .002). Children's quality of life improved across both treatment arms at months 12 and 18. Similarly, weight-associated quality of life improved in both treatment arms, with greater improvements in ESOC+FBT at the end of the treatment period (6.8; 95% CI, 5.33-8.30 vs 4.8; 95% CI, 3.40-6.17; difference, 2.0 units; 95% CI, 0.05-4.00 units). There were no adverse events related to trial participation. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Results of this randomized clinical trial show that ESOC+FBT demonstrated a significantly larger reduction in child percent median BMI than did ESOC alone. These findings support the added value of incorporating FBT into pediatric primary care settings and its feasibility in reaching a geographically and socioeconomically diverse patient population. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03843424. FAU - Staiano, Amanda E AU - Staiano AE AD - Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana. FAU - Cook, Stephen R AU - Cook SR AD - University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York. FAU - Stein, Richard I AU - Stein RI AD - Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri. FAU - Button, Alyssa M AU - Button AM AD - Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana. AD - Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond. FAU - Newton, Robert L Jr AU - Newton RL Jr AD - Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana. FAU - Beyl, Robbie A AU - Beyl RA AD - Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana. FAU - Baker, Alison AU - Baker A AD - American Academy of Pediatrics, Itasca, Illinois. FAU - Lindros, Jeanne AU - Lindros J AD - American Academy of Pediatrics, Itasca, Illinois. FAU - Conn, Anne-Marie AU - Conn AM AD - University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York. FAU - Braddock, Amy S AU - Braddock AS AD - University of Missouri, Columbia. FAU - Welch, R Robinson AU - Welch RR AD - Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri. FAU - Wilfley, Denise E AU - Wilfley DE AD - Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri. CN - TEAM UP Research Group LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT03843424 PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Pragmatic Clinical Trial PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PL - United States TA - JAMA Pediatr JT - JAMA pediatrics JID - 101589544 SB - IM EIN - JAMA Pediatr. 2026 Oct 1;180(10):1173. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.4806. PMID: 42832219 MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Female MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - *Pediatric Obesity/therapy MH - *Behavior Therapy/methods MH - *Family Therapy/methods MH - Body Mass Index MH - Treatment Outcome PMC - PMC13409124 COIS- Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Dr Staiano reported receiving grants from Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI), Louisiana Blue, Louisiana Healthcare Connections, and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) during the conduct of the study. Dr Cook reported receiving grants from PCORI during the conduct of the study. Dr Stein reported receiving grants from Washington University School of Medicine during the conduct of the study and grants from the NIH and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) outside the submitted work. Dr Newton reported receiving grants from PCORI during the conduct of the study. Dr Beyl reported receiving grants from PCORI during the conduct of the study. Ms Baker reported receiving grants from PCORI during the conduct of the study. Ms Lindros reported receiving subcontracts from Public Health Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Veritas Management, Association of Diabetes Care and Education Specialists, and Vanderbilt University. Dr Wilfley reported receiving grants from PCORI during the conduct of the study; consulting fees from Novo Nordisk outside the submitted work; and serving as coinvestigator/eHealth-based treatment of adolescent obesity with low energy diet and semaglutide (eBATTLE Obesity [principal investigator, Joran Hjelmesaeth; funding body: The Norwegian Health Authority]), principal investigator (MPI)/Advancing Health Equity Through Community-Clinical Integration of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Health Care in Historically Excluded Communities in the St. Louis Region (NCCDPHP 1NU58DP007643-01-00), principal investigator (MPI)/Increasing Access to US Preventive Services Task Force-Recommended Obesity Care for Youth and Adults Who Are Recipients of Medicaid: Evaluation of a Comprehensive Multidisciplinary Obesity Care Training Program in FQHCs, principal investigator (MPI)/Leveraging Interactive Digital Technology to Increase Access to Family-Based Behavioral Treatment for Childhood Obesity, and co-chief investigator/Bringing Fields Together: Identifying Individuals at Risk of Eating Disorders in Weight Management Program (The Australian National Health and Medical Research Council Ideas Grant). No other disclosures were reported. FIR - Fowler, Lauren IR - Fowler L FIR - Lima, Angela IR - Lima A FIR - McBride, Timothy IR - McBride T FIR - Stoll, Janis IR - Stoll J FIR - Capellan, Jahaira IR - Capellan J FIR - DiBitetto, Kristine IR - DiBitetto K FIR - Fiscella, Kevin IR - Fiscella K FIR - Williams, Geoffrey IR - Williams G FIR - Cherry, Lauren IR - Cherry L FIR - Drews, Kimberly IR - Drews K FIR - Gordon, Stewart IR - Gordon S FIR - Hall, Lindsay IR - Hall L FIR - Johnson, William IR - Johnson W FIR - Malek, Natalie IR - Malek N FIR - Murray, Peyton IR - Murray P FIR - Shao, Yaming IR - Shao Y FIR - Singletary, R Kenneth Jr IR - Singletary RK Jr FIR - Ullmer, Angelle IR - Ullmer A FIR - Zebrick, Ava IR - Zebrick A FIR - Hassink, Sandra IR - Hassink S FIR - Rogers, Victoria IR - Rogers V FIR - Salmon, Jeremiah IR - Salmon J EDAT- 2026/07/27 12:36 MHDA- 2026/10/05 17:31 PMCR- 2026/07/27 CRDT- 2026/07/27 11:35 PHST- 2026/10/05 17:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/27 12:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/27 11:35 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2851911 [pii] AID - poi260043 [pii] AID - 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.3067 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - JAMA Pediatr. 2026 Oct 1;180(10):1076-1084. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.3067. PMID- 42507042 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260727 LR - 20261008 IS - 1432-1076 (Electronic) IS - 0340-6199 (Linking) VI - 185 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Jul 27 TI - The spatial heterogeneity of intra-pancreatic fat deposition in children and adolescents with obesity. LID - 614 [pii] LID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07283-w [doi] AB - Childhood obesity is associated with an increased risk of metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and intra-pancreatic fat deposition (IPFD). Recent studies in adults suggest that pancreatic fat distribution is heterogeneous and that fat deposition in different regions may have distinct metabolic implications. However, data on regional IPFD patterns and their association with insulin resistance in children with obesity remain limited. This study aimed to investigate the regional distribution of pancreatic fat and its association with insulin resistance in children and adolescents with obesity. This retrospective study included 231 children and adolescents with obesity (156 boys, 75 girls; age range 8-18 years). All participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using the qDixon technique to quantify fat fractions in the pancreatic head, body, and tail, as well as in the liver. Insulin resistance was assessed using the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Statistical analyses included Spearman correlations, logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The prevalence of high IPFD was higher in the pancreatic head than in the body and tail across all cutoff values (> 10%, > 15%, and > 20%) in both sexes (p < 0.01). Pancreatic head fat, but not body or tail fat, was significantly correlated with insulin levels and HOMA-IR (p < 0.01). In logistic regression models adjusted for confounders, pancreatic head fat (as a continuous variable and with a > 20% cutoff) was independently associated with high insulin (odds ratio (OR) = 1.02, 95% confidence interval (CI):1.002-1.043, and OR = 2.10, 95%CI: 1.00-4.47) and insulin resistance (OR = 1.02, 95% CI: 1.002-1.044; and OR = 2.31, 95% CI: 1.13-4.78, respectively). ROC analysis showed that pancreatic head fat had a significantly higher area under the curve (AUC = 0.65) for predicting insulin resistance than body, tail and liver fat (AUC = 0.60)(p = 0.02). In children and adolescents with obesity, the deposition of pancreatic fat is heterogeneous, with the greatest accumulation observed in the pancreatic head. Fat in the pancreatic head is independently associated with high insulin resistance, whereas fat in the body and tail is not. What is Known? * Obesity is associated with an increased risk of intra-pancreatic fat deposition (IPFD). * IPFD may be associated with metabolic risk. What is New? * This is the first study reporting the spatial heterogeneity of IPFD in children and adolescents with obesity. * Fat accumulation in the pancreatic head, but no in body and tail is associated with high level of insulin resistance. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Xiao, Hanfang AU - Xiao H AD - Department of Radiology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai, 200062, China. AD - Department of Radiology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200062, China. FAU - Zhang, Huanhuan AU - Zhang H AD - Department of Radiology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai, 200062, China. AD - Department of Radiology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200062, China. FAU - Yang, Hong AU - Yang H AD - Department of Radiology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai, 200062, China. yanghongyh@sjtu.edu.cn. AD - Department of Radiology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200062, China. yanghongyh@sjtu.edu.cn. FAU - Li, Tingting AU - Li T AD - Department of Radiology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai, 200062, China. litt@shchildren.com.cn. AD - Department of Radiology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200062, China. litt@shchildren.com.cn. FAU - Chen, Xiao AU - Chen X AD - Department of Radiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China. LA - eng GR - k2026yrc25/Peak Talent Program of Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260727 PL - Germany TA - Eur J Pediatr JT - European journal of pediatrics JID - 7603873 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Male MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - *Insulin Resistance MH - *Pancreas/diagnostic imaging/pathology MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Magnetic Resonance Imaging MH - *Pediatric Obesity/complications MH - *Adipose Tissue/diagnostic imaging MH - ROC Curve MH - Logistic Models OTO - NOTNLM OT - Children and adolescents OT - Intra-Pancreatic fat deposition OT - Obesity OT - Spatial heterogeneity COIS- Declarations. Ethical approval and consent to participate: Ethics approval was obtained from Shanghai Children Hospital. The study was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The need for informed consent was waived by the Ethics Committee of Shanghai Children Hospital because of the retrospective nature of the study. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interest: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare that are relevant to the content of this article. EDAT- 2026/07/27 12:36 MHDA- 2026/07/27 12:37 CRDT- 2026/07/27 11:05 PHST- 2026/04/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/27 12:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/27 12:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/27 11:05 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07283-w [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07283-w [doi] PST - epublish SO - Eur J Pediatr. 2026 Jul 27;185(8):614. doi: 10.1007/s00431-026-07283-w. PMID- 42506838 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260727 LR - 20260813 IS - 2075-4663 (Electronic) IS - 2075-4663 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul 10 TI - Association Between Physical Activity and Mental Health in Primary School Children. LID - 10.3390/sports14070295 [doi] LID - 295 AB - Mental health during childhood is a major public health concern, and physical activity has been proposed as a modifiable behaviour associated with psychological well-being and emotional health. This study examined the associations between physical activity and mental health indicators, including psychological well-being, anxiety symptoms, and everyday stress, in primary school children. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 207 children from two schools in Jaen (Spain). Physical activity, psychological well-being, anxiety, and stress were assessed using validated questionnaires. Pearson correlations and multiple linear regression analyses adjusted for age, sex, and socioeconomic status were performed. Physical activity was positively associated with all dimensions of psychological well-being and with total psychological well-being (r = 0.182, p = 0.009). Significant inverse correlations were observed between physical activity and all anxiety dimensions, as well as total anxiety (r = -0.145, p = 0.037), although the association with total anxiety was not significant after adjustment (beta = -0.149, p = 0.112). Physical activity was also negatively associated with all stress dimensions and remained significantly associated with lower total stress after adjustment (beta = -0.253, p = 0.007). These findings indicate that higher levels of physical activity are associated with greater psychological well-being and lower everyday stress in primary school children. However, given the cross-sectional design, these associations should not be interpreted as causal relationships. Longitudinal studies are needed to clarify the directionality of these associations. FAU - Lendinez-Conejo, Raul AU - Lendinez-Conejo R AD - Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain. FAU - Aibar-Almazan, Agustin AU - Aibar-Almazan A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9386-9199 AD - Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaen, 35017 Jaen, Spain. FAU - Carcelen-Fraile, Maria Del Carmen AU - Carcelen-Fraile MDC AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-9186-8865 AD - Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Atlantico Medio, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain. AD - International Scientific Association on Innovation in Education and Health (ACIINES), 23007 Jaen, Spain. AD - International Network of Educational Law, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260710 PL - Switzerland TA - Sports (Basel) JT - Sports (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101722684 PMC - PMC13417498 OTO - NOTNLM OT - anxiety OT - childhood OT - physical activity OT - primary education OT - psychological well-being OT - stress COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/27 12:36 MHDA- 2026/07/27 12:37 PMCR- 2026/07/10 CRDT- 2026/07/27 09:44 PHST- 2026/06/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/27 12:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/27 12:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/27 09:44 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - sports14070295 [pii] AID - sports-14-00295 [pii] AID - 10.3390/sports14070295 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sports (Basel). 2026 Jul 10;14(7):295. doi: 10.3390/sports14070295. PMID- 42506821 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260727 LR - 20260813 IS - 2075-4663 (Electronic) IS - 2075-4663 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul 3 TI - High-Intensity Functional Concurrent Training for Physical Fitness, Body Composition, and Psychological Outcomes in Schoolchildren: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. LID - 10.3390/sports14070279 [doi] LID - 279 AB - High-intensity functional concurrent training (HIFCT) has emerged as a form of training characterized by constantly varied functional movements adapted to individual fitness levels. Previous studies have reported positive effects on muscular strength, cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, and psychological well-being; however, evidence regarding HIFCT interventions in school-aged children remains limited. Therefore, the aim of the present study protocol is to evaluate the effects of an 8-week HIFCT programme on muscular strength, cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, anxiety, stress, and self-esteem in children aged 10-12 years. Physical fitness, anthropometric variables, and psychological outcomes will be assessed before and after the intervention using validated field-based tests and questionnaires. This study may provide novel evidence regarding the feasibility, safety, and potential effects of HIFCT programmes in the school setting. The study protocol was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT07552844) and approved by the Cordoba Research Ethics Committee (IMIBIC, Cordoba, Spain; protocol code SICEIA-2025-000408). FAU - Duran-Lopez, Natalia AU - Duran-Lopez N AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-5874-4519 AD - Ministry of Educational Development and Vocational Training, Regional Government of Andalusia, 41092 Sevilla, Spain. AD - Department of Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain. FAU - Gomez-Garcia, Carlos AU - Gomez-Garcia C AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-2735-2230 AD - Osuna University School, Teaching Center Attached to the University of Seville, 41640 Seville, Spain. FAU - Ranchal-Sanchez, Antonio AU - Ranchal-Sanchez A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8655-8878 AD - Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain. AD - Department of Nursing, Pharmacology and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain. FAU - Lucena-Jurado, Valentina AU - Lucena-Jurado V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7011-6661 AD - Department of Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain. FAU - Moyano-Ortega, Victoria AU - Moyano-Ortega V AD - Osuna University School, Teaching Center Attached to the University of Seville, 41640 Seville, Spain. FAU - Lara-Barahona Ostos, Ana AU - Lara-Barahona Ostos A AD - Osuna University School, Teaching Center Attached to the University of Seville, 41640 Seville, Spain. FAU - Jurado-Castro, Jose Manuel AU - Jurado-Castro JM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0198-2793 AD - Osuna University School, Teaching Center Attached to the University of Seville, 41640 Seville, Spain. AD - Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain. AD - CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Centre of Biomedical Research Network, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT07552844 GR - University of Cordoba OTC Transfer Contract No. 12021050/University of Cordoba/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260703 PL - Switzerland TA - Sports (Basel) JT - Sports (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101722684 PMC - PMC13417676 OTO - NOTNLM OT - high-intensity functional concurrent training OT - physical fitness OT - psychological health OT - schoolchildren COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2026/07/27 12:36 MHDA- 2026/07/27 12:37 PMCR- 2026/07/03 CRDT- 2026/07/27 09:44 PHST- 2026/05/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/27 12:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/27 12:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/27 09:44 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - sports14070279 [pii] AID - sports-14-00279 [pii] AID - 10.3390/sports14070279 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sports (Basel). 2026 Jul 3;14(7):279. doi: 10.3390/sports14070279. PMID- 42506391 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260727 LR - 20260813 IS - 2218-1989 (Print) IS - 2218-1989 (Electronic) IS - 2218-1989 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jun 23 TI - Metabolic Responses to Exercise and Nutritional Strategies in Type 1 Diabetes Using Automated Insulin Delivery Systems: A Narrative Review. LID - 10.3390/metabo16070437 [doi] LID - 437 AB - BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Automated insulin delivery (AID) systems have improved the management of type 1 diabetes (T1D), but exercise and nutrition remain challenging because they rapidly alter glucose flux, substrate oxidation, hepatic glucose output, insulin requirements, and fuel availability. This narrative review aimed to synthesize current evidence on the interaction between AID systems, physical activity, and nutritional strategies from a metabolism-oriented perspective. METHODS: A narrative bibliographic approach was used to integrate evidence from clinical trials, observational studies, technical studies, consensus statements, and reviews involving people with T1D across different life stages, including pediatric, adolescent, adult, and pregnancy-related contexts, when available. The review focused on AID systems, exercise physiology, nutritional strategies, meal announcement, bolus adjustment, dual-hormone systems, metabolic biomarkers, and emerging metabolomic approaches. RESULTS: AID systems generally improve time in range and reduce hypoglycemia across several user groups, although most exercise- and nutrition-specific evidence comes from adult and pediatric/adolescent cohorts rather than pregnancy-specific exercise studies. Exercise-related glucose responses remain highly dependent on user input, exercise modality, insulin on board, meal timing, and metabolic state. Planned exercise announcement, prandial bolus reduction before postprandial activity, and individualized carbohydrate intake remain key strategies. Biomarkers such as lactate, ketone bodies, non-esterified fatty acids, and counter-regulatory hormones may help explain interindividual variability and support future personalization. CONCLUSIONS: Nutrition and exercise management in AID users should be interpreted as a dynamic metabolic interface among exogenous insulin, endogenous counter-regulation, substrate availability, and algorithmic control. Emerging approaches, including activity sensors, adaptive algorithms, dual-hormone systems, digital twins, and metabolomics-informed personalization, may improve safety and reduce user burden, but several remain exploratory and require further validation in diverse free-living conditions. FAU - Victoria-Montesinos, Desiree AU - Victoria-Montesinos D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3968-9477 AD - Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, UCAM Universidad Catolica de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain. FAU - Llopis-Alonso, Inmaculada AU - Llopis-Alonso I AD - Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, UCAM Universidad Catolica de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain. FAU - Garcia-Munoz, Ana Maria AU - Garcia-Munoz AM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1021-5385 AD - Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, UCAM Universidad Catolica de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain. FAU - Mercader-Ros, Maria Teresa AU - Mercader-Ros MT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8194-0763 AD - Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, UCAM Universidad Catolica de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260623 PL - Switzerland TA - Metabolites JT - Metabolites JID - 101578790 PMC - PMC13413731 OTO - NOTNLM OT - artificial pancreas OT - automated insulin delivery OT - carbohydrate counting OT - continuous glucose monitoring OT - exercise metabolism OT - hybrid closed loop OT - metabolic biomarkers OT - metabolomics OT - nutrition OT - physical activity OT - type 1 diabetes COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/27 12:36 MHDA- 2026/07/27 12:37 PMCR- 2026/06/23 CRDT- 2026/07/27 09:34 PHST- 2026/05/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/27 12:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/27 12:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/27 09:34 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - metabo16070437 [pii] AID - metabolites-16-00437 [pii] AID - 10.3390/metabo16070437 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Metabolites. 2026 Jun 23;16(7):437. doi: 10.3390/metabo16070437. PMID- 42506345 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260727 LR - 20260813 IS - 2076-3271 (Electronic) IS - 2076-3271 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Jul 6 TI - Emotional Eating and Its Associations with the Prevalence of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. LID - 10.3390/medsci14030376 [doi] LID - 376 AB - Background/Objectives: Emotional eating (EE) is an emerging public health concern among university students, a population exposed to heightened academic demands, psychosocial stressors, and lifestyle changes that may promote maladaptive coping behaviors. EE has been linked to psychological distress, particularly depressive and anxiety symptoms, as well as sociodemographic, lifestyle, and anthropometric factors; however, findings remain heterogeneous and insufficiently integrated within comprehensive analytical frameworks. This study aimed to examine the association between EE and depressive and anxiety symptoms in university students, while assessing the independent contributions of sociodemographic, academic, lifestyle, and anthropometric determinants. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was performed among 1279 university students from 10 regions in Greece. Sociodemographic, academic, lifestyle, and anthropometric data were collected using validated instruments and standardized procedures. Depressive and anxiety symptoms were assessed by the use of the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and the six-item State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-6), respectively. EE was evaluated utilizing the EE subscale of the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-Revised 18 (TFEQ-R18). Multivariable ordinal logistic regression models were applied to examine independent associations. Results: In fully adjusted models, depressive and anxiety symptoms were the strongest correlates of higher EE levels, each associated with more than twofold increased odds. Female sex, Greek nationality, rural residence, enrollment in biomedical sciences, later academic years, and regular smoking were also positively associated with EE. Higher physical activity was inversely associated with EE levels. Overweight, obesity, and increased waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio were consistently linked to higher EE, with several associations exceeding twofold increased odds. Conclusions: EE in university students is strongly associated with psychological distress and clusters with adverse lifestyle and anthropometric characteristics. These findings support the need for integrated interventions targeting mental health, lifestyle behaviors, and obesity-related risk factors. Longitudinal studies are warranted to clarify causal pathways and underlying mechanisms. FAU - Alexatou, Olga AU - Alexatou O AD - Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece. FAU - Papadopoulou, Sousana K AU - Papadopoulou SK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6408-6128 AD - Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece. FAU - Angelakou, Exakousti-Petroula AU - Angelakou EP AD - Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece. FAU - Migdanis, Athanasios AU - Migdanis A AD - Laboratory of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics (CND-Lab), Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 42132 Trikala, Greece. FAU - Louka, Aikaterini AU - Louka A AD - Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece. FAU - Migdanis, Ioannis AU - Migdanis I AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece. AD - Oncology Clinic and Hemodialysis Unit, "E. Patsidis" Health Group, Department of Clinical Nutrition, 41335 Larissa, Greece. FAU - Mentzelou, Maria AU - Mentzelou M AD - Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece. FAU - Koimtsidis, Theodosios AU - Koimtsidis T AD - Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece. FAU - Psara, Evmorfia AU - Psara E AD - Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece. FAU - Giaginis, Constantinos AU - Giaginis C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2878-4831 AD - Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260706 PL - Switzerland TA - Med Sci (Basel) JT - Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101629322 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Emotional Eating MH - Female MH - *Students/psychology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Universities MH - *Depression/epidemiology/psychology MH - Male MH - *Anxiety/epidemiology/psychology MH - Young Adult MH - Prevalence MH - Greece/epidemiology MH - Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Surveys and Questionnaires PMC - PMC13414101 OTO - NOTNLM OT - anxiety OT - depression OT - emotional eating OT - mental health OT - psychological distress OT - university students COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/27 12:36 MHDA- 2026/07/27 12:37 PMCR- 2026/07/06 CRDT- 2026/07/27 09:34 PHST- 2026/06/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/27 12:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/27 12:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/27 09:34 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - medsci14030376 [pii] AID - medsci-14-00376 [pii] AID - 10.3390/medsci14030376 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Med Sci (Basel). 2026 Jul 6;14(3):376. doi: 10.3390/medsci14030376. PMID- 42505707 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260727 LR - 20260813 IS - 2304-6767 (Electronic) IS - 2304-6767 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul 2 TI - Who Gets Dental Caries? A Comprehensive Review. LID - 10.3390/dj14070400 [doi] LID - 400 AB - Dental caries is the world's most common non-communicable disease with a complex etiology including social, behavioral, medical, biological and economical elements. The distribution among populations and age groups is skewed, which calls for validated clinical tools to identify those with increased caries risk. The aim of this article was therefore to review risk factors for caries development in children, based on global prospective birth cohorts, genetic proceedings and data from validated risk assessment tools. The genetic elements involve four main categories comprising enamel quality, salivary composition, dental biofilm function and taste preferences. Recent studies suggest that genes may account for 35-55% of the variation in caries scores in the young permanent dentition. Prospective birth cohorts have pointed out poverty, socioeconomic level, early introduction and excessive sugar intake as significant factors for a child's dental caries trajectory up into adulthood. Moreover, prolonged breastfeeding, child obesity and maternal oral conditions are linked to the caries burden later in life. In the clinic, the strongest predictors are past caries history and selected behavioral and social factors. The performance of the validated caries risk assessment models is far from perfect, but still acceptable in terms of reliability during childhood. These tools are the best clinical practice since they add objectivity, consistency and documentation to the clinical routines. In addition, the dental staff has the advantage of using the outcome of the assessment for a structured risk communication with the caregivers. The protocol should also form the basis for a personalized intervention program addressing the entire family, with particular focus on maternal oral health and sugar reduction. FAU - Twetman, Svante AU - Twetman S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0199-9210 AD - Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark. AD - Department of Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece. FAU - Papaioannou, William AU - Papaioannou W AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5146-4399 AD - Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece. FAU - Gizani, Sotiria AU - Gizani S AD - Department of Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260702 PL - Switzerland TA - Dent J (Basel) JT - Dentistry journal JID - 101716125 PMC - PMC13407877 OTO - NOTNLM OT - caries trajectory OT - children OT - heredity OT - risk assessment OT - socio-economy OT - sugars COIS- The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. This paper was entirely financed by the authors' academic institutions. EDAT- 2026/07/27 12:36 MHDA- 2026/07/27 12:37 PMCR- 2026/07/02 CRDT- 2026/07/27 09:25 PHST- 2026/05/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/27 12:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/27 12:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/27 09:25 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - dj14070400 [pii] AID - dentistry-14-00400 [pii] AID - 10.3390/dj14070400 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Dent J (Basel). 2026 Jul 2;14(7):400. doi: 10.3390/dj14070400. PMID- 42502880 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260929 LR - 20260929 IS - 1941-2452 (Electronic) IS - 0884-5336 (Linking) VI - 41 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Evaluation of the reliability of current neonatal malnutrition indicators in diagnosis: An analysis of a retrospective cohort. PG - 1445-1456 LID - 10.1002/ncp.70157 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Proposed diagnostic criteria for neonatal malnutrition have not been validated. The objective of this study was to evaluate the reliability of the 2018 neonatal malnutrition criteria for identifying malnutrition in preterm infants. METHODS: A retrospective study of premature infants admitted to a level III neonatal intensive care unit from 2013 to 2022 was performed. Malnutrition diagnoses were assigned using each indicator. Weight and linear growth velocities were defined using the preferred approach (maintaining z-score on Fenton growth chart) and generalized growth goals (weight: 15-20 g/kg/day for infants <2000 g, 20-30 g/day for infants >/=2000 g, length: 1 cm/week). Kappa (k) values assessed the inter-indicator reliability of the full criteria and the inter-indicator and intra-indicator reliability of individual malnutrition criteria. Acceptable reliability was defined as k > 0.8. RESULTS: This study included 2305 infants. The 2018 neonatal malnutrition criteria had poor inter-indicator reliability for diagnosis in the first 2 weeks of life (k = 0.054) and after the first 2 weeks (k = 0.087). Inter-indicator reliability varied but was better among growth-based indicators. Intra-indicator reliability was strong for weight gain velocity definitions (k values ranging from 0.86 to 0.94), but poor for linear growth definitions (k = 0.12). CONCLUSION: Proposed neonatal malnutrition criteria have poor reliability when all indicators are used and limited reliability at the individual indicator level. Utilization of generalized weight gain goals may be appropriate for malnutrition diagnosis, but the generalized linear growth goal of 1 cm/week is not. Differing patterns in malnutrition diagnoses should be investigated for clinical significance. Redevelopment of current indicators is likely warranted. CI - (c) 2026 American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. FAU - Merlino Barr, Stephanie AU - Merlino Barr S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0125-5684 AD - MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA. FAU - Hand, Rosa K AU - Hand RK AD - Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA. FAU - Collin, Marc AU - Collin M AD - MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA. FAU - Love, Thomas E AU - Love TE AD - MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA. AD - Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA. FAU - Groh-Wargo, Sharon AU - Groh-Wargo S AD - MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA. AD - Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA. LA - eng GR - Stephanie Merlino Barr has received compensation for creating and presenting academic materials for Abbott Nutrition Health Institute, Reckitt/Mead Johnson, and Nutricia. Dr. Groh-Wargo is on the speaker's bureau of Abbott Nutrition. Drs. Hand, Collin, and Love have no financial disclosures/ PT - Evaluation Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260726 PL - United States TA - Nutr Clin Pract JT - Nutrition in clinical practice : official publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition JID - 8606733 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - *Infant Nutrition Disorders/diagnosis MH - Female MH - Infant, Premature/growth & development MH - Male MH - Intensive Care Units, Neonatal MH - *Nutrition Assessment OTO - NOTNLM OT - malnutrition OT - neonatal OT - premature infants OT - reliability OT - weight gain EDAT- 2026/07/26 06:42 MHDA- 2026/09/29 12:27 CRDT- 2026/07/26 04:12 PHST- 2026/06/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/09/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/29 12:27 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/26 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/26 04:12 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/ncp.70157 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nutr Clin Pract. 2026 Oct;41(5):1445-1456. doi: 10.1002/ncp.70157. Epub 2026 Jul 26. PMID- 42502626 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260726 LR - 20260813 IS - 1728-869X (Print) IS - 2226-5104 (Electronic) IS - 1728-869X (Linking) VI - 24 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Oct TI - A school-level randomized preliminary study of in-classroom physical activity breaks among fifth graders. PG - 200498 LID - 10.1016/j.jesf.2026.200498 [doi] LID - 200498 AB - BACKGROUND: In-classroom physical activity breaks (IcPABs) are a pragmatic strategy to reduce sedentary time and promote movement during instructional lessons. However, evidence from primary schools operating within a high-stakes examination-focused education system, where academic achievement in national assessments is prioritized in classroom instruction is limited from low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to examine the preliminary effects and feasibility of a teacher-led, in-classroom physical activity break intervention on school-time movement behaviors, academic performance, and selected health-related outcomes among Sri Lankan fifth-grade students. METHODS: 220 students from two government primary schools in Sri Lanka (mean (age) = 9.48 years +/- 0.5, 61% male) were randomly assigned to (1) an intervention group (n = 100): attending thrice-a-day, 5-min IcPAB for 12 weeks; and (2) a control group (n = 120). Pre- and post-intervention assessments were conducted for academic achievement (standardized tests), movement behaviors (ActiGraph Gt3X), body-mass-index (anthropometric data), aerobic fitness (20m shuttle run test), and perceived stress (PSQ8-11). Generalized Linear Mixed Models were used for statistical analyses at exploratory level. Feasibility was evaluated using teacher logs, classroom observations and process evaluation records. RESULTS: Significant group-by-time effects were observed for reading performance (82.2 +/- 13.9 to 88.0 +/- 12.9 vs 76.7 +/- 10.5 to 77.6 +/- 13.0 in controls), MVPA (27.2 +/- 9.4 to 44.3 +/- 9.9 vs 31.1 +/- 8.4 to 24.3 +/- 9.4), step count (5609 +/- 1019 to 7769 +/- 1339 vs 7998 +/- 1023 to 3942 +/- 1046), and sedentary school time (1490.7 +/- 53.1 to 1475.4 +/- 59.4 vs 1485.0 +/- 22.9 to 1655.1 +/- 40.8). The study fidelity assessment confirmed 1 to 4 times daily activity implementation. The process evaluation indicated satisfactory participant engagement and smooth implementation, suggesting the study was conducted as intended. CONCLUSION: This school level randomized preliminary study observed improvements in reading performance, while effects on mathematics and health-related outcomes were limited. However, in-classroom physical activity breaks were feasible to implement in an academically intensive Sri Lankan primary school context and were associated with favorable changes in school-time movement behaviors. Yet larger multi-school trials are expected to confirm these findings. CI - (c) 2026 The Society of Chinese Scholars on Exercise Physiology and Fitness. Published by Elsevier B.V. FAU - Duan, Yanping AU - Duan Y AD - Department of Sports and Health Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China. FAU - Peiris, D L I H K AU - Peiris DLIHK AD - Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka. FAU - Vandelanotte, Corneel AU - Vandelanotte C AD - Physical Activity Research Group, Central Queensland University, Australia. FAU - Liang, Wei AU - Liang W AD - School of Physical Education, Shenzhen University, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260713 PL - Singapore TA - J Exerc Sci Fit JT - Journal of exercise science and fitness JID - 101198241 PMC - PMC13400259 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Accelerometers OT - BCT OT - COM-B model OT - Pre-adolescents OT - Seated learning COIS- The authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/26 06:42 MHDA- 2026/07/26 06:43 PMCR- 2026/07/13 CRDT- 2026/07/26 04:07 PHST- 2026/02/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/26 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/26 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/26 04:07 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1728-869X(26)00059-6 [pii] AID - 200498 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jesf.2026.200498 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Exerc Sci Fit. 2026 Oct;24(4):200498. doi: 10.1016/j.jesf.2026.200498. Epub 2026 Jul 13. PMID- 42502158 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260725 LR - 20260813 IS - 1471-2431 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2431 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 24 TI - Study protocol for Full Speed Ahead: an intervention for improved activities in daily life through Frame Running and Goal directed training. LID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07318-z [doi] LID - 684 AB - BACKGROUND: Early and intensive intervention is crucial for children with cerebral palsy (CP), particularly during the period when gross motor activities typically develop. Despite the prevalence of CP, robust evidence for effective early mobility interventions remains limited. Frame Running, which enables children with limited walking ability to engage in dynamic, high-intensity activities, has emerged as a promising approach, yet research on its effect in young children is currently lacking. The aim of this study is to implement and evaluate the effects of a mobility-focused training program combining Frame Running and goal-directed gross motor training, on mobility in every day life and cardiovascular health in children aged 2-5 years with CP. METHOD: The study uses a prospective repeated-measures intervention design with assessments conducted during baseline, intervention, and post-intervention follow-up phases. At least 18 children meeting the inclusion criteria (CP diagnosis, age 2-5 years, GMFCS II-IV) will participate. The design consists of three baseline measurements, a 12-week intervention phase and three post-intervention measurements, across approximately 5-6 months. The program combines home-based training and hospital-based group training, with parents as active trainers and therapists providing coaching. Frame Running and goal-directed training are tailored to individual goals, set collaboratively with families. Outcome measures include the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM-66), Functional Mobility Scale (FMS), Paediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory Computerised Assessment Test (PEDI-CAT), time-based mobility tests: ultrasound assessment of muscle size and morphology, gait analysis, accelerometry (7-day activity monitoring), heart rate monitoring during training, and Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS). Feasibility and fidelity will be investigated by questionnaires. DISCUSSION: By evaluating the Full Speed Ahead program, this study aims to improve understanding of how an early intensive family-centered mobility intervention may influence developmental trajectories and health in children with CP. If effective, the findings will have significant implications for planning both short- and long-term treatment and services for young children with CP. The prospective repeated-measures intervention design allows for both group-level and individual-level analysis of changes over time, thereby strengthening the evidence base for early, intensive, family-centered mobility interventions. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrial.gov NCTO7374432, Registered November 18 2025. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Eliasson, Ann-Christin AU - Eliasson AC AD - Neuropediatric Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 76, Sweden. ann-christin.eliasson@ki.se. AD - Astrid Lindgren's Children Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. ann-christin.eliasson@ki.se. FAU - Lowing, Kristina AU - Lowing K AD - Neuropediatric Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 76, Sweden. AD - Medical Unit Allied Health Professional, Theme Women's Health and Allied Health Professionals, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Hjalmarsson, Emma AU - Hjalmarsson E AD - Neuropediatric Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 76, Sweden. AD - Medical Unit Allied Health Professional, Theme Women's Health and Allied Health Professionals, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Lidbeck, Cecilia AU - Lidbeck C AD - Neuropediatric Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 76, Sweden. AD - Astrid Lindgren's Children Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Adestedt, Agnes AU - Adestedt A AD - Neuropediatric Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 76, Sweden. AD - Medical Unit Allied Health Professional, Theme Women's Health and Allied Health Professionals, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Starck, Julia AU - Starck J AD - Neuropediatric Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 76, Sweden. FAU - Aspdahl, Magnus AU - Aspdahl M AD - Neuropediatric Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 76, Sweden. AD - Medical Unit Allied Health Professional, Theme Women's Health and Allied Health Professionals, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Lowing, Josefin AU - Lowing J AD - Neuropediatric Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 76, Sweden. AD - Medical Unit Allied Health Professional, Theme Women's Health and Allied Health Professionals, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Frisk, Emelie AU - Frisk E AD - Medical Unit Allied Health Professional, Theme Women's Health and Allied Health Professionals, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Strand, Johanna AU - Strand J AD - Medical Unit Allied Health Professional, Theme Women's Health and Allied Health Professionals, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Ericson, Annika AU - Ericson A AD - Neuropediatric Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 76, Sweden. AD - Astrid Lindgren's Children Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Andersson, Kristina AU - Andersson K AD - Neuropediatric Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 76, Sweden. FAU - Brostrom, Eva AU - Brostrom E AD - Neuropediatric Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 76, Sweden. AD - Astrid Lindgren's Children Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Kvist, Ola AU - Kvist O AD - Neuropediatric Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 76, Sweden. AD - Department of Radiology, Columbia University, New York, USA. FAU - Norrbom, Jessica AU - Norrbom J AD - Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - von Walden, Ferdinand AU - von Walden F AD - Neuropediatric Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 76, Sweden. AD - Astrid Lindgren's Children Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/2024-05809-01, Registered November 18 2025 PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260724 PL - England TA - BMC Pediatr JT - BMC pediatrics JID - 100967804 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Cerebral Palsy/rehabilitation/physiopathology MH - Prospective Studies MH - *Running MH - *Activities of Daily Living MH - *Exercise Therapy/methods MH - Goals MH - Male MH - Female PMC - PMC13401323 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cerebral palsy OT - Early intervention OT - Gait OT - Goal directed training and Frame running OT - Mobility OT - Muscle OT - Physical activity OT - Walking COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Full ethical approval for this study has been obtained from the Swedish Ethical Review Authority (Dnr 2024-05809-01). All parents will be given oral and written information about the study before being asked to sign an informed consent form. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/26 00:42 MHDA- 2026/07/26 00:43 PMCR- 2026/07/24 CRDT- 2026/07/25 23:23 PHST- 2025/12/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/26 00:43 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/26 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/25 23:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07318-z [pii] AID - 7318 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07318-z [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pediatr. 2026 Jul 24;26(1):684. doi: 10.1186/s12887-026-07318-z. PMID- 42501948 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260901 LR - 20260916 IS - 1938-3207 (Electronic) IS - 0002-9165 (Print) IS - 0002-9165 (Linking) VI - 124 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Sep TI - The validity of measuring energy and nutrient intake with the Remote Food Photography Method (RFPM) in adolescents. PG - 101452 LID - S0002-9165(26)00261-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2026.101452 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The remote food photography method (RFPM) accurately estimates energy intake (EI) in adults, but its validity in adolescents has yet to be tested. Given the low accuracy of self-reported dietary intake in adolescents, evaluating the validity of the RFPM in both controlled and free-living settings is crucial. OBJECTIVES: To examine the validity of the RFPM in estimating adolescents' EI in controlled and free-living settings. METHODS: In Study 1, adolescents (n = 45) used the RFPM/SmartIntake application during 1) a laboratory test meal, 2) a cafeteria meal, and 3) 7 d of free-living intake, with EI estimations validated against weighed food intake, digital photography of foods method, and doubly labeled water, respectively. EI was measured under the same 3 settings with pen-and-paper food records. After refining the application and training, Study 2 (n = 22) repeated the protocol with a 3-d free-living period. For both studies, equivalence was evaluated using two one-sided t-tests (+/-10% bounds), and linear mixed models assessed RFPM error by participant characteristics. RESULTS: In Study 1, RFPM estimates of EI were equivalent to the criterion measure during cafeteria meals [mean standard deviation (SD) error: 4.1 (120.8) kcal; P = 0.005] but were not equivalent for the laboratory test meal [mean (SD) error: 61.1 (112.7) kcal; P = 0.675] and 7 d of free-living intake [mean (SD) error: -887.9 (554.8) kcal/d; P > 0.99]. In Study 2, RFPM EI estimates were equivalent to the criterion measure in the controlled setting [mean (SD) error: -2.2 (86.5) kcal; P = 0.007], but not in free-living settings [mean (SD) error: -782.8 (947.0) kcal/d; P = 0.99]. In both studies, a higher body mass index (in kg/m(2)) percentile was associated with greater underestimation of EI (both R(2) > 0.19 and P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The RFPM can accurately estimate the meal-level EI of adolescents in controlled settings; however, significant underestimation occurred in free-living settings in both studies. Previous studies demonstrated the inability to accurately assess adolescents' free-living intake, and the current results extend these findings to the RFPM. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as Study 1: NCT01719445 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01719445) and Study 2: NCT04148560 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04148560). CI - Copyright (c) 2026 American Society for Nutrition. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Hochsmann, Christoph AU - Hochsmann C AD - Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States; Department of Health and Sport Sciences, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany. FAU - Diktas, Hanim E AU - Diktas HE AD - Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States. FAU - Myers, Candice A AU - Myers CA AD - Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States. FAU - Dorling, James L AU - Dorling JL AD - Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States; Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom. FAU - Rood, Jennifer C AU - Rood JC AD - Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States. FAU - Greenway, Frank AU - Greenway F AD - Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States. FAU - Champagne, Catherine M AU - Champagne CM AD - Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States. FAU - Apolzan, John W AU - Apolzan JW AD - Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States. FAU - Martin, Corby K AU - Martin CK AD - Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States. Electronic address: corby.martin@pbrc.edu. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT04148560 SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT01719445 GR - R01 DK089051/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - F32 HD116537/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States GR - P30 DK072476/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 DK064584/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - U54 GM104940/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States PT - Clinical Trial PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260725 PL - United States TA - Am J Clin Nutr JT - The American journal of clinical nutrition JID - 0376027 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Diet Records MH - *Energy Intake MH - Nutrition Assessment MH - *Photography/methods MH - Reproducibility of Results PMC - PMC13573646 MID - NIHMS2206243 OTO - NOTNLM OT - RFPM OT - adolescents OT - dietary assessment OT - doubly labeled water OT - energy intake OT - remote food photography method COIS- Conflict of interest The intellectual property surrounding the remote food photography method and SmartIntake application is owned by Louisiana State University/Pennington Biomedical, and CKM is an inventor of the technology and is employed by Louisiana State University/Pennington Biomedical. All other authors report no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/26 00:42 MHDA- 2026/09/01 23:34 PMCR- 2026/09/14 CRDT- 2026/07/25 19:13 PHST- 2026/03/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/01 23:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/26 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/25 19:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0002-9165(26)00261-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2026.101452 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Am J Clin Nutr. 2026 Sep;124(3):101452. doi: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2026.101452. Epub 2026 Jul 25. PMID- 42500983 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260725 IS - 2047-945X (Electronic) IS - 0260-1060 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jul 25 TI - Comparative assessment of preterm infant feeding strategies in government versus private neonatal intensive care units in Pakistan: A cross-sectional study. PG - 2601060261471951 LID - 10.1177/02601060261471951 [doi] AB - BackgroundEarly and adequate nutritional support in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) is essential for reducing complications and mortality among preterm infants. Despite established guidelines, variations in feeding practices persist across healthcare settings.AimTo evaluate preterm feeding practices across NICUs in Pakistan and compare feeding strategies between government and private hospitals.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted to assess preterm feeding practices across Pakistani NICUs. Of the 100 NICUs approached, 48 (48%) participated in the study. Data was collected using a self-administered, validated questionnaire developed to evaluate hospital-based feeding practices, including feeding initiation protocols and adherence to clinical guidelines, fortification practices, barriers and challenges influencing feeding decisions, key determinants of feeding choices, growth monitoring protocols, and provision of lactation. The data were analyzed using chi-square, Fisher's exact test, and the Mann-Whitney U test, with significance at a 95% probability level.SummaryOne neonatologist from each NICU participated; most respondents had 1-5 years of experience (45.8%), and 60.4% were from private hospitals. Both settings showed comparable use of the mother's own milk. However, private hospitals had longer waiting times before initiating alternative feeding (median 1.00 vs. 0.00, p = 0.005) and lower immediate Kangaroo Mother Care initiation (48.3% vs. 84.2%, p = 0.039). Commercial fortifier use was higher in private hospitals (37.9% vs. 10.5%, p = 0.049), while medium-chain triglyceride oil was the most common fortifier overall. Private hospitals more frequently reported unavailability of expressed breast milk (55.2% vs. 26.3%, p = 0.049) and insufficient milk supply (89.6% vs. 47.4%, p = 0.001). Government hospitals more commonly identified untrained staff (52.6% vs. 17.2%, p = 0.01) and parental reluctance (57.9% vs. 27.6%, p = 0.036) as barriers. FAU - Latif, Samreen AU - Latif S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-8434-0372 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan. RINGGOLD: 66915 FAU - Khalid, Nauman AU - Khalid N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8045-199X AD - Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan. RINGGOLD: 66915 AD - College of Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260725 PL - England TA - Nutr Health JT - Nutrition and health JID - 8306569 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - NICU OT - Pakistan OT - Preterm infants OT - feeding practices OT - fortification EDAT- 2026/07/25 23:59 MHDA- 2026/07/25 23:59 CRDT- 2026/07/25 08:33 PHST- 2026/07/25 23:59 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/25 23:59 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/25 08:33 [entrez] AID - 10.1177/02601060261471951 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Nutr Health. 2026 Jul 25:2601060261471951. doi: 10.1177/02601060261471951. PMID- 42500102 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260813 IS - 2589-1081 (Electronic) IS - 2095-8811 (Print) IS - 2095-8811 (Linking) DP - 2026 May 12 TI - Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy in Children Predicts OSA Severity. LID - 10.1002/wjo2.70098 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: While adenotonsillectomy (AT) is first line for pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), treatment failure is common. Drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) provides dynamic airway assessment, but its role in predicting OSA severity requires clarification. This study correlates DISE findings with polysomnographic severity. OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between DISE-based obstruction patterns and OSA severity in children. METHODS: This prospective study included 95 children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy. All underwent preoperative Level III polysomnography followed by DISE before AT. Two blinded otolaryngologists independently reviewed DISE recordings, classifying obstruction via the VOTE system (degree 0-2; pattern: concentric, lateral, or anteroposterior). Statistical analysis employed non-parametric tests, relative risk calculation, and ROC curves. RESULTS: Severe OSA (AHI > 10) was significantly associated with Brodsky grade IV tonsils (40.7% vs. 16.7%) and severe adenoid hypertrophy (44.1% vs. 16.7%). DISE identified severe obstruction at the velopharynx (p = 0.003) and tongue base (p = 0.036) as specific predictors of severe OSA, with high specificities (91% and 97.1%) and positive predictive values (87.7% and 90.9%). Concentric collapse was the most frequent velopharyngeal pattern (54.2%). Obesity was significantly linked to severe tongue base obstruction (38.9% vs. 5.4%, p = 0.001) and higher AHI. ROC analysis for tongue base obstruction combined with the Obstructive Apnea Index (OAI) showed high diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.811). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: DISE is a valuable tool for predicting pediatric OSA severity. Obstruction at the velopharynx and tongue base, particularly concentric collapse and in the context of obesity, are key risk factors. Integrating DISE findings with PSG enhances preoperative risk stratification, aiding in the selection of candidates who may benefit from personalized, multilevel surgical interventions. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Chinese Medical Association. FAU - Carneiro, Neemias Santos AU - Carneiro NS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7917-4374 AD - Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu Medical School (FMB-UNESP) Botucatu Sao Paulo Brazil. FAU - Marao, Antonio Carlos AU - Marao AC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7948-329X AD - Clinical Hospital of the Faculty of Medicine of Botucatu (HCFMB) - UNESP Botucatu Sao Paulo Brazil. FAU - Santana, Renato Battistel AU - Santana RB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3888-541X AD - Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu Medical School (FMB-UNESP) Botucatu Sao Paulo Brazil. FAU - Correa, Camila de Castro AU - Correa CC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5460-3120 AD - University Vale do Rio Doce, UNIVALE, Governador Valadares Governador Valadares MG Brazil. FAU - Weber, Silke Anna Theresa AU - Weber SAT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3194-3039 AD - Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu Medical School (FMB-UNESP) Botucatu Sao Paulo Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260512 PL - United States TA - World J Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg JT - World journal of otorhinolaryngology - head and neck surgery JID - 101690857 PMC - PMC13399433 OTO - NOTNLM OT - OSA OT - Z-score OT - adenoidectomy OT - sonoendoscopy OT - tonsillectomy COIS- The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest related to this study. They have no financial, institutional, or personal relationships that could have influenced the work reported in this manuscript. No affiliations with any organization or publisher have biased the research. EDAT- 2026/07/25 06:36 MHDA- 2026/07/25 06:36 PMCR- 2026/05/12 CRDT- 2026/07/25 05:00 PHST- 2025/07/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/12/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/25 06:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/25 06:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/25 05:00 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - WJO270098 [pii] AID - 10.1002/wjo2.70098 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - World J Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2026 May 12:10.1002/wjo2.70098. doi: 10.1002/wjo2.70098. PMID- 42499772 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260829 LR - 20260829 IS - 2574-2272 (Electronic) IS - 2096-3726 (Print) IS - 2574-2272 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Evidence map and gap analysis of metabolic change in pediatric growth hormone deficiency treated with growth hormone. PG - 359-373 LID - 10.1002/ped4.70050 [doi] AB - IMPORTANCE: Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) improves height in children with growth hormone deficiency (GHD). However, its metabolic effects remain unclear. OBJECTIVE: To synthesize evidence regarding the metabolic effects of rhGH or growth hormone (GH) derivatives in GHD, identify knowledge gaps, and highlight future research priorities. METHODS: PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Biology Medicine disc, and Wanfang databases were searched in July 2023 to identify studies on metabolic effects of GH treatment. Bubble plots were used to visualize GH treatment effects on metabolic parameters according to treatment duration by comparison with baselines, nonpharmacological interventions, and healthy controls. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted for outcomes with inconsistent findings across original studies when randomized controlled trial data were sufficient. The study was registered with INPLASY (INPLASY202450064). RESULTS: Sixty-three studies (6158 participants) analyzed the effects of GH treatment on metabolic outcomes in children with GHD. Overall, GH treatment slightly affected glucose levels; lipid effects were inconsistent. GH treatment did not influence bone mineral density, bone mineral content, or parathyroid hormone levels. Most studies showed no significant effects on thyroid hormone levels, body composition, or body mass index (BMI). GH treatment may increase serum asymmetric dimethylarginine and gastrin levels while reducing tumor necrosis factor and serum urea levels. INTERPRETATION: Glucose and thyroid outcomes are consistent with clinical observations; effects on lipids, calcium, phosphorus, body composition, BMI, and waist-to-hip ratio require further validation owing to data inconsistency. New biomarkers are warranted. Further clinical studies are needed in children across age groups, GHD severities, and nutritional statuses. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Pediatric Investigation published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Futang Research Center of Pediatric Development. FAU - Wu, Wei AU - Wu W AD - Department of Pediatrics Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology No. 1095, Jiefang Wuhan Hubei 430030 China. FAU - Song, Ningyi AU - Song N AD - Department of Pediatrics Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology No. 1095, Jiefang Wuhan Hubei 430030 China. FAU - Zhao, Yue AU - Zhao Y AD - Department of Pediatrics Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology No. 1095, Jiefang Wuhan Hubei 430030 China. FAU - Du, Caiqi AU - Du C AD - Department of Pediatrics Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology No. 1095, Jiefang Wuhan Hubei 430030 China. FAU - Zhao, Yuning AU - Zhao Y AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-2154-9624 AD - Medical Affairs Novo Nordisk (Shanghai) Pharma Trading Co., Ltd. No.8, Guangshunnan Beijing 100102 China. FAU - Wu, You AU - Wu Y AD - Medical Affairs Novo Nordisk (Shanghai) Pharma Trading Co., Ltd. No.8, Guangshunnan Beijing 100102 China. FAU - Luo, Xiaoping AU - Luo X AD - Department of Pediatrics Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology No. 1095, Jiefang Wuhan Hubei 430030 China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260311 PL - United States TA - Pediatr Investig JT - Pediatric investigation JID - 101731527 PMC - PMC13398671 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Evidence map OT - Growth hormone deficiency OT - Metabolism OT - Systematic review COIS- Wei Wu, Ningyi Song, Yue Zhao, and Caiqi Du declare no conflict of interest. Yuning Zhao and You Wu are employees and stockholders of Novo Nordisk, but are not involved in data processing. Xiaoping Luo serves as an advisor to GenSci, Amoytop, Novo Nordisk, Takeda, Lumos, Sanofi, Medtronic, Ipsen, Visen, and Kyowa Kirin, providing research support for GenSci, Amoytop, Novo Nordisk, Takeda, Lumos, Sanofi, Medtronic, Ipsen, Visen, and Kyowa Kirin, and is a speaker for GenSci, Novo Nordisk, and Visen. Xiaoping Luo is a member of the Pediatric Investigation Editorial Board. The study design, analytical plan, and interpretation remained under the full control of the academic authors, and the outcome selection was driven by clinical relevance and protocol pre-specification. EDAT- 2026/07/25 06:36 MHDA- 2026/07/25 06:37 PMCR- 2026/03/11 CRDT- 2026/07/25 04:58 PHST- 2025/07/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/25 06:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/25 06:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/25 04:58 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PED470050 [pii] AID - 10.1002/ped4.70050 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Pediatr Investig. 2026 Mar 11;10(4):359-373. doi: 10.1002/ped4.70050. eCollection 2026 Aug. PMID- 42499725 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260814 LR - 20260814 IS - 2691-171X (Electronic) IS - 2691-171X (Linking) VI - 7 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Functional constipation in children and young adults with Prader-Willi syndrome. PG - 410-415 LID - 10.1002/jpr3.70185 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) is characterized by hyperphagia, endocrinopathies, and gastrointestinal abnormalities. Clinical concerns about constipation and fecal incontinence (FI) are common, but no studies to date have clear data on functional defecation disorders in children with PWS. This study aims to describe the prevalence of functional constipation (FC) in children with PWS seen at Seattle Children's Hospital between 2019 and 2023. METHODS: Parental perception of stooling was collected with a survey designed to correlate with the Rome IV criteria for FC. A retrospective chart review, including survey answers, was done for 69 patients ages 1-21 years who completed the initial survey between 2019 and 2023. FC status was assigned according to responses. Results were collected in an online secure REDCap database, and statistical analysis was done in STATA statistical software. RESULTS: Approximately 17% of the population reported symptoms consistent with FC. Those with FC trended older and had higher rates of laxative use. Growth hormone and levothyroxine use were similar between groups. Parents of patients with FC were more likely to identify their child had constipation, though half did not. Lastly, 35% of patients had FI after established toilet training, though it was not always associated with FC at the time of the visit. CONCLUSIONS: Rates of constipation in the pediatric PWS population are nearly 80% higher than in the general population, with high rates of FI. The accuracy of parental reports of constipation may be unreliable without reviewing symptoms. This study highlights the importance of parent and provider education and recognition of functional defecation disorders in children with PWS. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). JPGN Reports published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition and the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition. FAU - Pierce, Melinda J AU - Pierce MJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9908-9409 AD - Pediatric Endocrinology University of Washington and Seattle Children's Hospital Seattle Washington USA. FAU - Niu, Isabella AU - Niu I AD - Pediatric Endocrinology University of Washington and Seattle Children's Hospital Seattle Washington USA. FAU - Ambartsumyan, Lusine AU - Ambartsumyan L AD - Pediatric Endocrinology University of Washington and Seattle Children's Hospital Seattle Washington USA. AD - Pediatric Gastroenterology University of Washington and Seattle Children's Hospital Seattle Washington USA. FAU - Salehi, Parisa AU - Salehi P AD - ASPN Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Southcentral Foundation Anchorage Alaska USA. AD - Pediatric Endocrinology University of Washington Seattle Washington USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260409 PL - United States TA - JPGN Rep JT - JPGN reports JID - 101773885 PMC - PMC13398744 OTO - NOTNLM OT - fecal incontinence OT - functional defecation disorders OT - genetic obesity COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/25 06:36 MHDA- 2026/07/25 06:37 PMCR- 2026/04/09 CRDT- 2026/07/25 04:58 PHST- 2025/12/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/25 06:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/25 06:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/25 04:58 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JPR370185 [pii] AID - 10.1002/jpr3.70185 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JPGN Rep. 2026 Apr 9;7(3):410-415. doi: 10.1002/jpr3.70185. eCollection 2026 Aug. PMID- 42499215 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260725 IS - 1544-0591 (Electronic) IS - 0022-0345 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jul 24 TI - Salivary Dipeptides and Microbiota Multiomics Biomarkers of Caries. PG - 220345261466143 LID - 10.1177/00220345261466143 [doi] AB - Dental caries is a prevalent disease shaped by dietary and metabolic interactions between the host and oral microbiota. While separate microbiome and metabolome profiling have improved the understanding of caries etiology, integrated multiomics approaches remain underutilized. We aimed to identify salivary biomarkers of caries experience in a cross-sectional study combining microbiome, metabolome, sugarome, and diet, oral, and demographic information in 217 healthy Swedish adolescents and young adults. Participants underwent clinical examination, dietary assessment, and saliva analysis using full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing, untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) metabolomics, and 2-dimensional gas chromatography-MS (GCxGC-MS)-based sugar profiling. Caries signs and restorations were summarized as decayed and filled surfaces including enamel caries. Associations between caries experience, demographics, and omics measures were evaluated using a nested cross-validated linear-regression framework with inner-loop feature selection and outer-loop performance assessment, emphasizing effect-direction stability and reproducibility across cross-validation models. Selected OMICs features were then integrated using orthogonal partial least-squares (OPLS) modeling. Three salivary dipeptides (Ser-Pro, Phe-His, and Thr-Gly) showed robust inverse associations with caries experience. Several cariogenic taxa, including Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Lactobacillus gasseri, and selected Actinomyces and Prevotella species, were positively associated with caries experience, whereas Veillonella rogosae, Stomatobaculum sp. HMT-097, and other taxa as well as 5 bacteria-predicted enzymes were associated with lower caries experience. Dietary variables and salivary sugars showed no consistent associations with caries experience. An integrated OPLS model incorporating demographics, microbiota composition, microbial-predicted enzymes, and metabolomics explained 41% of the variation in caries (R(2) = 0.41) with a cross-validated predictive ability of 30% (Q(2) = 0.30). This saliva-based multiomics framework revealed coherent microbial and metabolic signatures of caries experience. The Ser-Pro dipeptide showed the strongest inverse association and warrants validation in longitudinal cohorts to establish temporal precedence and clinical utility as a novel caries biomarker. FAU - Haworth, S AU - Haworth S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7793-7326 AD - Department of Odontology, University of Umea, Umea, Sweden. AD - Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. FAU - Esberg, A AU - Esberg A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4430-8125 AD - Department of Odontology, University of Umea, Umea, Sweden. FAU - Eriksson, L AU - Eriksson L AD - Department of Odontology, University of Umea, Umea, Sweden. FAU - Ahmed, H AU - Ahmed H AD - Department of Life Technologies, Food Sciences Unit, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. FAU - Mack, C I AU - Mack CI AD - Max Rubner-Institute, Department of Safety and Quality of Fruit and Vegetables, Karlsruhe, Germany. FAU - Noerman, S AU - Noerman S AD - Clinical Nutrition Research Centre (CNRC), Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore. AD - Department of Life Sciences, Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden. FAU - Nordin, E AU - Nordin E AD - Department of Life Sciences, Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden. FAU - Egert, B AU - Egert B AD - Max Rubner-Institute, Department of Safety and Quality of Fruit and Vegetables, Karlsruhe, Germany. FAU - Hanhineva, K AU - Hanhineva K AD - Department of Life Technologies, Food Sciences Unit, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. FAU - Landberg, R AU - Landberg R AD - Department of Life Sciences, Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden. FAU - Brunius, C AU - Brunius C AD - Clinical Nutrition Research Centre (CNRC), Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore. FAU - Johansson, I AU - Johansson I AD - Department of Odontology, University of Umea, Umea, Sweden. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260724 PL - United States TA - J Dent Res JT - Journal of dental research JID - 0354343 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - dental caries OT - metabolomics OT - microbiome OT - omics OT - saliva OT - sugars EDAT- 2026/07/25 06:36 MHDA- 2026/07/25 06:36 CRDT- 2026/07/25 01:53 PHST- 2026/07/25 06:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/25 06:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/25 01:53 [entrez] AID - 10.1177/00220345261466143 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - J Dent Res. 2026 Jul 24:220345261466143. doi: 10.1177/00220345261466143. PMID- 42498302 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260724 IS - 1098-8785 (Electronic) IS - 0735-1631 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jul 24 TI - Comparison of the 2025 Third-Generation and 2013 Fenton Growth Charts in Preterm Infants Born before 35 Weeks: A Retrospective Cohort Study. LID - 10.1055/a-2909-9486 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the classification of birth size using the Fenton 2025 third-generation growth charts versus the widely used Fenton 2013 charts in preterm infants born before 35 weeks' gestation. STUDY DESIGN: This retrospective, observational cohort study included preterm infants born at <35 weeks' gestation and admitted to a tertiary-level neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) between January 2019 and August 2025. Birth weight, head circumference (HC), and length were classified using sex-specific Fenton 2013 and Fenton 2025 growth chart calculators. Infants were categorized as small for gestational age (SGA, <10th percentile), appropriate for gestational age (AGA, 10th-90th percentile), or large for gestational age (LGA, >90th percentile). Agreement between chart versions was assessed using weighted Cohen's kappa, and marginal distributions were compared using the Stuart-Maxwell test. RESULTS: A total of 1,121 infants (56.9% male) were included, with a mean (standard deviation) gestational age of 31.6 (3.2) weeks and birth weight of 1,648 (595) g. Overall agreement between the two chart versions was high for all anthropometric measures. For birth weight, overall concordance was 87.2%, with moderate agreement (kappa = 0.64). The proportion classified as SGA increased from 12.0% using Fenton 2013 to 23.0% using Fenton 2025 (p = 0.001), reflecting a downward shift in birth weight z-scores and reclassification of 13.2% of infants from AGA to SGA. Agreement was stronger for HC (93.5%, kappa = 0.80) and length (96.3%, kappa = 0.90), with minimal reclassification. Classification differences varied by gestational age, with greater shifts observed at later preterm gestations. CONCLUSION: In preterm infants born before 35 weeks' gestation, the Fenton 2025 growth charts demonstrate high overall agreement with the Fenton 2013 charts but identify a substantially higher proportion of infants as SGA based on birth weight. These differences may have important clinical and research implications and warrant careful consideration. KEY POINTS: . Fenton 2025 identifies more SGA preterm infants.. . Birth weight shows the greatest classification change.. . Reclassification of birth weight predominates around the 10th percentile.. CI - Thieme. All rights reserved. FAU - Kamwana, Dumisani AU - Kamwana D AD - Kanad Hospital, Department of Neonatology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, Al Ain. FAU - Vardhelli, Venkateshwarlu AU - Vardhelli V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5398-892X AD - Kanad Hospital, Department of Neonatology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, Al Ain. FAU - Hoque, Nicholas AU - Hoque N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2574-1502 AD - Kanad Hospital, Department of Neonatology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, Al Ain. AD - Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Neonatology Service, England, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, London. FAU - Puthattayil, Zakariya B AU - Puthattayil ZB AD - Kanad Hospital, Department of Neonatology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, Al Ain. FAU - Kumar, Sangeeta S AU - Kumar SS AD - Kanad Hospital, Department of Neonatology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, Al Ain. FAU - Narchi, Hassib AU - Narchi H AD - United Arab Emirates University, Department of Pediatrics, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, Al Ain. FAU - Chedid, Krystel AU - Chedid K AD - Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Kansas Health Science University, Kansas, United States, Wichita. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260724 PL - United States TA - Am J Perinatol JT - American journal of perinatology JID - 8405212 SB - IM COIS- The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/25 00:36 MHDA- 2026/07/25 00:36 CRDT- 2026/07/24 20:32 PHST- 2026/07/25 00:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/25 00:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/24 20:32 [entrez] AID - 10.1055/a-2909-9486 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Am J Perinatol. 2026 Jul 24. doi: 10.1055/a-2909-9486. PMID- 42497365 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260724 LR - 20260813 IS - 2561-6722 (Electronic) IS - 2561-6722 (Linking) VI - 9 DP - 2026 Jul 24 TI - AI and Chatbot-Supported Interventions for Physical Activity and Obesity-Related Lifestyle Behaviors: Scoping Review With Attention to Family Involvement. PG - e98889 LID - 10.2196/98889 [doi] LID - e98889 AB - BACKGROUND: AI-enabled chatbots and related conversational systems can facilitate human-computer interaction through natural language, personalization, and automated support. In pediatric health promotion, these tools have the potential to provide scalable and flexible approaches to support physical activity (PA) and related lifestyle behavior change within family contexts. However, evidence regarding AI and chatbot-supported interventions for PA and obesity-related lifestyle behaviors among children and adolescents remains limited, and the extent to which these interventions involve parents, caregivers, or families has not been clearly characterized. OBJECTIVE: This scoping review aimed to provide an up-to-date overview of how AI and chatbot-supported interventions are designed, delivered, and evaluated for PA and obesity-related lifestyle behaviors among children and adolescents, with attention to technology characteristics, family involvement, delivery platforms, outcomes, and research gaps. METHODS: In accordance with PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guideline, 7 databases (PubMed, Web of Science, APA PsycINFO, Academic Search Complete, CINAHL Ultimate, IEEE Xplore, and Scopus) were searched through February 2026. Two reviewers independently conducted title and abstract screening, followed by full-text screening in Rayyan (Qatar Computing Research Institute). Eligible studies involved children, adolescents, or families; evaluated an AI-enabled chatbot, conversational agent, or related digital system; and addressed PA, exercise, sedentary behavior, screen time, obesity, overweight, or weight management. Diet, sleep, and other lifestyle outcomes were extracted when reported within otherwise eligible studies. Data were extracted and synthesized narratively in accordance with research objectives. RESULTS: Of 2730 records identified, 14 studies met inclusion criteria. Most were published in 2023 or later (n=12, 85.7%) and spanned 10 countries. Mobile app delivery was most common (n=9, 64.3%). AI approaches included rule-based chatbots, hybrid personalization systems, generative AI, and single studies using recommender systems or computer vision. A total of 10 studies (71.4%) included a specific parent, caregiver, or family component. Common intervention features were personalized feedback (n=10, 71.4%), self-monitoring (n=9, 64.3%), and education (n=9, 64.3%). PA was the most common target behavior, often within broader obesity or healthy lifestyle interventions. Among 8 studies reporting direct PA or fitness outcomes, 4 showed significant improvement, 2 found no significant change, and 2 reported mixed or indirect findings. Feasibility, acceptability, usability, and engagement findings were generally favorable across studies, but cultural tailoring was reported in only one study. CONCLUSIONS: AI and chatbot-supported interventions for pediatric PA and obesity-related lifestyle behaviors represent a rapidly emerging but still early-stage field. Family involvement varies considerably across interventions and should be more clearly conceptualized and evaluated in future studies. CI - (c) Qianxia Jiang, Xiayu Summer Chen, Dev Patel, Keith Brazendale, Sualba Alejandro. Originally published in JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting (https://pediatrics.jmir.org). FAU - Jiang, Qianxia AU - Jiang Q AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2230-6097 AD - Department of Health Sciences, University of Central Florida, 4364 Scorpius St, Orlando, FL, 32816, United States, 1 8609318880. FAU - Chen, Xiayu Summer AU - Chen XS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3747-3947 AD - Department of Health Sciences, University of Central Florida, 4364 Scorpius St, Orlando, FL, 32816, United States, 1 8609318880. AD - School of Social Work, University of Central Florida, Florida, United States. FAU - Patel, Dev AU - Patel D AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-9264-0294 AD - Department of Health Sciences, University of Central Florida, 4364 Scorpius St, Orlando, FL, 32816, United States, 1 8609318880. AD - College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Florida, United States. FAU - Brazendale, Keith AU - Brazendale K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9233-1621 AD - Department of Health Sciences, University of Central Florida, 4364 Scorpius St, Orlando, FL, 32816, United States, 1 8609318880. FAU - Alejandro, Sualba AU - Alejandro S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-4004-1494 AD - Department of Health Sciences, University of Central Florida, 4364 Scorpius St, Orlando, FL, 32816, United States, 1 8609318880. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260724 PL - Canada TA - JMIR Pediatr Parent JT - JMIR pediatrics and parenting JID - 101727244 PMC - PMC13399406 OTO - NOTNLM OT - artificial intelligence OT - chatbot OT - family-based intervention OT - lifestyle behaviors OT - pediatric obesity OT - physical activity COIS- Conflicts of Interest: None declared. EDAT- 2026/07/24 18:36 MHDA- 2026/07/24 18:37 PMCR- 2026/07/24 CRDT- 2026/07/24 15:52 PHST- 2026/04/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/24 18:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/24 18:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/24 15:52 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v9i1e98889 [pii] AID - 98889 [pii] AID - 10.2196/98889 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JMIR Pediatr Parent. 2026 Jul 24;9:e98889. doi: 10.2196/98889. PMID- 42497012 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260828 LR - 20260908 IS - 2191-0278 (Electronic) IS - 0334-0139 (Linking) VI - 38 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Aug 1 TI - Effects of muscle warm-up phases on proprioception, vertical jump, agility, and balance in elite adolescent soccer players: a repeated-measures experimental study. PG - 321-326 LID - 10.1515/ijamh-2026-0007 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of different muscle warm-up phases on knee joint proprioception, vertical jump, agility, and balance in professional youth athletes. METHODS: Twenty-five professional adolescent football players under the age of 18 (mean age: 16.5 +/- 1.2 years) were included in the study (n=25). Dominant knee joint proprioception was measured at 30 degrees using a digital inclinometer. Dynamic balance was assessed using the Y-balance test (in anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral directions), explosive power was evaluated with the Sargent vertical jump test, and agility was measured using the T-test. All assessments were conducted during three muscle warm-up phases (rest, warm-up, and post-training). RESULTS: The analysis revealed significant differences in all parameters depending on the muscle's warm-up state (p<0.001). Proprioception, explosive power, agility, and dynamic balance were measured at their best when the muscles were warmed up. Proprioception was found to be weakest in the fatigued muscle condition (2.42 degrees ). Explosive power and dynamic balance were lowest in the resting muscle condition. Agility did not differ between the resting and fatigued conditions (p=0.874). CONCLUSIONS: Muscle warm-up phases positively influence proprioceptive accuracy, agility, and balance in elite youth soccer players, whereas fatigue impairs these parameters. These findings suggest that optimal warm-up protocols should be incorporated to enhance performance and reduce injury risk. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study was retrospectively registered with ClinicalTrials.gov on 12/15/2025 (ID: NCT07284706). CI - (c) 2026 the author(s), published by De Gruyter, Berlin/Boston. FAU - Yilmaz, Neslihan Altuntas AU - Yilmaz NA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0116-9089 AD - Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Necmettin Erbakan University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Meram, Konya, Turkiye. FAU - Dogan, Muhammet Talha AU - Dogan MT AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-2620-2372 AD - Institute of Health Sciences, Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram, Konya, Turkiye. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT07284706 PT - Clinical Trial PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260727 PL - Germany TA - Int J Adolesc Med Health JT - International journal of adolescent medicine and health JID - 8506960 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Athletes MH - *Athletic Performance/physiology MH - *Knee Joint/physiology MH - *Muscle, Skeletal/physiology MH - *Postural Balance/physiology MH - *Proprioception/physiology MH - *Soccer/physiology MH - *Warm-Up Exercise/physiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescent OT - agility OT - balance OT - muscle warm-up OT - proprioception OT - vertical jump EDAT- 2026/07/24 18:36 MHDA- 2026/08/28 11:49 CRDT- 2026/07/24 12:03 PHST- 2026/01/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/28 11:49 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/24 18:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/24 12:03 [entrez] AID - ijamh-2026-0007 [pii] AID - 10.1515/ijamh-2026-0007 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Adolesc Med Health. 2026 Jul 27;38(4):321-326. doi: 10.1515/ijamh-2026-0007. eCollection 2026 Aug 1. PMID- 42496475 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260724 LR - 20260826 IS - 2036-749X (Print) IS - 2036-7503 (Electronic) IS - 2036-749X (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Jul 13 TI - Multicomponent Nutritional Support for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Exploratory Pilot Study in Vietnam. LID - 10.3390/pediatric18040097 [doi] LID - 97 AB - BACKGROUND: Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) frequently exhibit severe food selectivity and micronutrient deficiencies, impacting growth and nutritional status. Evidence on integrated nutritional interventions in resource-constrained settings remains limited. OBJECTIVE: To assess the feasibility and preliminary pre-post changes associated with a 12-week multicomponent nutritional intervention among Vietnamese children with ASD. METHODS: In this exploratory single-arm pilot study, 56 children with ASD (mean age 59.0 +/- 22.3 months; 80.4% male) were recruited from five community centers in Nghe An Province, Vietnam. The intervention comprised caregiver nutrition education, individualized dietary counseling, and daily multi-micronutrient supplementation. Anthropometric indicators, biochemical markers, feeding behaviors, and dietary intake were assessed at baseline and after 12 weeks. Pre-post changes were evaluated using paired statistical tests, and multivariable linear regression examined factors associated with growth response. RESULTS: The study achieved a 100% completion rate, with all 56 recruited participants finishing the 12-week intervention and all scheduled follow-up assessments. Among children < 60 months, mean Weight-for-Age Z-score (WAZ) increased from -0.66 to -0.28 and mean Height-for-Age Z-score (HAZ) from -1.18 to -0.97 (p < 0.001). For children older than 60 months, mean HAZ increased from -0.87 to -0.58 (p < 0.001) and Body Mass Index-for-Age Z-score (BAZ) from -0.20 to 0.06 (p = 0.006). Significant increases occurred in serum zinc (10.29 to 11.72 micromol/L; p = 0.001), ferritin (31.74 to 34.79 ng/mL; p = 0.001), and hemoglobin (122.73 to 124.77 g/L; p = 0.002), while albumin remained unchanged. Concurrent improvements were observed in feeding behaviors and nutrient-dense food intake. Regression analysis indicated that lower baseline anthropometric status was significantly associated with greater gains in WAZ and HAZ. CONCLUSIONS: This community-based multicomponent intervention was feasible and associated with short-term improvements in feeding behaviors, dietary intake, selected biomarkers, and growth measures in children with ASD, supporting further evaluation in randomized controlled trials. FAU - Phan, Ngoc Dieu Thi AU - Phan NDT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7625-4523 AD - School of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, 1 Ton That Tung Street, Khuong Thuong Ward, Dong Da District, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam. AD - Faculty of Public Health, Vinh Medical University, 161 Nguyen Phong Sac Street, Hung Dung Ward, Vinh City 430000, Vietnam. FAU - Do, Toan Thi Thanh AU - Do TTT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7049-7361 AD - School of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, 1 Ton That Tung Street, Khuong Thuong Ward, Dong Da District, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam. FAU - Nguyen, Tuan Van AU - Nguyen TV AD - Faculty of Medicine, Vinh Medical University, 161 Nguyen Phong Sac Street, Hung Dung Ward, Vinh City 430000, Vietnam. FAU - Trinh, Ngoc Bao AU - Trinh NB AD - Institute of Nutrition Research and Development, 48B Tang Bat Ho Street, Hai Ba Trung Ward, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam. FAU - Ngo, Huy Gia AU - Ngo HG AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-5699-7390 AD - School of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, 1 Ton That Tung Street, Khuong Thuong Ward, Dong Da District, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam. FAU - Ho, Hoa Thi AU - Ho HT AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-2934-2688 AD - Institute of Nutrition Research and Development, 48B Tang Bat Ho Street, Hai Ba Trung Ward, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam. FAU - Le, Tam Thi Thanh AU - Le TTT AD - Faculty of Medicine, Vinh Medical University, 161 Nguyen Phong Sac Street, Hung Dung Ward, Vinh City 430000, Vietnam. FAU - Ngo, Hiep Tri AU - Ngo HT AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-9236-5735 AD - Faculty of Public Health, Vinh Medical University, 161 Nguyen Phong Sac Street, Hung Dung Ward, Vinh City 430000, Vietnam. LA - eng GR - Not applicable/Institute of Nutrition Research and Development/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260713 PL - Switzerland TA - Pediatr Rep JT - Pediatric reports JID - 101551542 PMC - PMC13398004 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Autism Spectrum Disorder OT - dietary intake OT - growth OT - micronutrients OT - nutrition counseling OT - nutritional intervention COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The sponsor (INRD) had no role in the design of the study, the collection, analysis, or interpretation of data, the writing of the manuscript, or the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2026/07/24 12:37 MHDA- 2026/07/24 12:38 PMCR- 2026/07/13 CRDT- 2026/07/24 10:04 PHST- 2026/06/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/24 12:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/24 12:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/24 10:04 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - pediatric18040097 [pii] AID - pediatrrep-18-00097 [pii] AID - 10.3390/pediatric18040097 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Pediatr Rep. 2026 Jul 13;18(4):97. doi: 10.3390/pediatric18040097. PMID- 42496395 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260724 LR - 20260813 IS - 2411-5142 (Electronic) IS - 2411-5142 (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Jun 27 TI - Concurrent and Construct Validity of the Diagnoform((R)) Kid Physical Fitness Test Battery in Primary School Children. LID - 10.3390/jfmk11030256 [doi] LID - 256 AB - Background: Physical Fitness (PF) is an important health marker that should be regularly monitored with simple, time-efficient test batteries such as Diagnoform((R)) Kid. However, its validity remains insufficiently evaluated. Therefore, this cross-sectional study examined its concurrent and construct validity against a battery of established reference tests. Methods: 184 children were grouped by age (6-7, 8-9 and 10-11 years). The Diagnoform((R)) and reference batteries assessed identical PF components using the following tests: 6-min shuttle run-walk vs. reduced Cooper for cardiorespiratory fitness, hopscotch vs. quadrant jump for agility, standing broad jump with vs. without execution instructions for power, 5-s sprint vs. 20-m sprint for speed, and simplified fingertip-to-floor vs. sit-and-reach for flexibility. Concurrent validity was examined using bivariate correlations, and construct validity through responsiveness to age and sex. Results: Corresponding tests were significantly correlated for all PF components (p < 0.001), except for agility at 10-11 years (p = 0.094). Agility showed moderate correlations in the younger groups (r = -0.45 to -0.67). Correlations were strong for cardiorespiratory fitness and flexibility (r >/= 0.70). For power and speed, correlations ranged from moderate (power: r >/= 0.61 at 6-7 and 8-9 years; speed: r = 0.58 at 6-7 years) to strong (power: r >/= 0.83 at 10-11 years; speed: r >/= 0.70 at 8-9 and 10-11 years). Age and sex influenced performances in both batteries, except for agility (no sex effect observed) and flexibility (sex effect observed in both batteries, whereas an age effect was found only for boys on the reference test). Conclusions: Despite slightly lower responsiveness of the simplified fingertip-to-floor test to age, findings support the concurrent and construct validity of the Diagnoform((R)) Kid tests. FAU - Barbry, Alexis AU - Barbry A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3991-9420 AD - Laboratoire Lorrain de Psychologie et Neurosciences de la Dynamique des Comportements, Universite de Lorraine, F-57000 Metz, France. FAU - Coquart, Jeremy AU - Coquart J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6515-7736 AD - Unite de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Sante Societe, University of Lille, University of Artois, University of the Littoral Opal Coast, F-59000 Lille, France. FAU - Verhoeven, Caroline AU - Verhoeven C AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-8960-9382 AD - Department of Mathematics Education, Faculty of Medicine, Universite libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium. FAU - Klass, Malgorzata AU - Klass M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1317-5945 AD - Research Unit in Cardiorespiratory Physiology, Exercise and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, Universite libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260627 PL - Switzerland TA - J Funct Morphol Kinesiol JT - Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology JID - 101712257 PMC - PMC13398135 OTO - NOTNLM OT - agility OT - cardiorespiratory fitness OT - child OT - muscular power OT - speed COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/24 12:37 MHDA- 2026/07/24 12:38 PMCR- 2026/06/27 CRDT- 2026/07/24 10:03 PHST- 2026/06/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/24 12:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/24 12:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/24 10:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jfmk11030256 [pii] AID - jfmk-11-00256 [pii] AID - 10.3390/jfmk11030256 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Funct Morphol Kinesiol. 2026 Jun 27;11(3):256. doi: 10.3390/jfmk11030256. PMID- 42494750 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260724 LR - 20260813 IS - 2168-8184 (Print) IS - 2168-8184 (Electronic) IS - 2168-8184 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul TI - The Effect of Screen Exposure and Early Language Stimulation on Language and Social Development of Children. PG - e113133 LID - 10.7759/cureus.113133 [doi] LID - e113133 AB - Introduction Excessive screen exposure during infancy and early childhood is linked to delayed language and social milestones. Prospective observational data regarding how natural, self-selected variations in screen reduction and caregiver-led language stimulation impact real-world milestones development remain limited. Aims and objectives The aim of this study is to prospectively evaluate the association between changes in screen exposure and caregiver language stimulation on language and social development in nine- to 18-month-old children who were initially exposed to excessive screen time. Methodology In this prospective cohort study, 72 children aged 9-18 months with a baseline screen exposure of more than two hours/day were followed up in a tertiary care hospital. During the six-month follow-up, we did not implement interventions or prescribe treatments but rather observed families and stratified them into two exposure cohorts based on validated monthly lifestyle diaries: Cohort A (spontaneous screen reduction to less than one hour/day plus natural early language stimulation by "serve-and-return" interactions, n=36): and Cohort B (spontaneous screen reduction only without structured language stimulation routines, n=36). Development was assessed using the Language Evaluation Scale Trivandrum (LEST) and Home Screen Questionnaire (HSQ) at baseline and at six months. We used multivariable linear regression to adjust for baseline confounders, including parental education and household socioeconomic status. Results At six-month follow-up, Cohort A infants had a significantly greater mean increase in overall LEST+HSQ scores than Cohort B (+16.3 vs. +7.4, p<0.001). After controlling for baseline demographics, Cohort A had significantly higher language scores in the independent domain (30.2+/-3.4 vs. 24.8+/-3.9, p<0.001) and social communication scores (28.2+/-3.1 vs. 24.4+/-3.5, p<0.001) than Cohort B. Conclusions Combining natural caregiver interaction with structured language stimulation and reduced screen time is much more associated with better language and social development outcomes than reducing screen time alone. Clinicians should emphasize the promotion of increased caregiver interaction during early childhood along with screen time restriction rather than screen restriction alone. CI - Copyright (c) 2026, Vijayakumar et al. FAU - Vijayakumar, Vimalraj AU - Vijayakumar V AD - Department of Pediatrics, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu, IND. FAU - T, Arunkumar AU - T A AD - Department of Pediatrics, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu, IND. FAU - R, Karthick Prasaad AU - R KP AD - Department of Pediatrics, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu, IND. FAU - Rangaraj, Suresh AU - Rangaraj S AD - Department of Pediatrics, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu, IND. FAU - K, Sridharini AU - K S AD - Department of Pediatrics, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu, IND. FAU - G, Hariharan AU - G H AD - Department of Pediatrics, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu, IND. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260721 PL - United States TA - Cureus JT - Cureus JID - 101596737 PMC - PMC13394589 OTO - NOTNLM OT - early language stimulation OT - language development OT - pediatric screen time OT - screen exposure OT - social development COIS- Human subjects: Informed consent for treatment and open access publication was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Institutional Ethics Committee - SRM Medical College Hospital issued approval SRMIEC-ST1225-6001. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work. EDAT- 2026/07/24 06:35 MHDA- 2026/07/24 06:36 PMCR- 2026/07/21 CRDT- 2026/07/24 04:58 PHST- 2026/07/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/24 06:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/24 06:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/24 04:58 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.7759/cureus.113133 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cureus. 2026 Jul 21;18(7):e113133. doi: 10.7759/cureus.113133. eCollection 2026 Jul. PMID- 42494086 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260724 LR - 20260813 IS - 1365-2834 (Electronic) IS - 0966-0429 (Print) IS - 0966-0429 (Linking) VI - 2026 IP - 1 DP - 2026 TI - An Equation to Estimate PICC Catheter Length in Very Low Birth Weight Infants. PG - e2067769 LID - 10.1155/jonm/2067769 [doi] LID - 2067769 AB - OBJECTIVE: Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) are essential for very low birth weight infants (VLBWIs), but optimal insertion depth remains challenging. Existing estimation methods often yield suboptimal accuracy. This study aimed to develop and validate anthropometric parameter-based formulas to predict lower extremity PICC insertion depth using the first popliteal crease as an anatomical landmark in VLBWI, seeking to improve first-attempt success rates and procedural safety. METHODS: A prospective study was conducted in a tertiary NICU, enrolling 329 VLBWIs who underwent lower limb PICC insertion between May 2023 and May 2024. Data collected included sex, target vein for catheterization, body weight, length, head circumference at insertion, and vertical distance from the puncture site to the first popliteal crease. Pearson correlation and linear regression analyses were performed to examine associations between anthropometric parameters and optimal catheter length. Univariate prediction formulas (weight-based, length-based, and head circumference-based models) and multivariate regression models were established. Bland-Altman analysis was used to validate model agreement. RESULTS: Univariate regression analysis yielded the following: weight-based model: total insertion depth (cm) = [8.31 + (5 x body weight [kg])] +/- PS-PTC distance, where "+" applies when the puncture site is distal to the popliteal crease and "-" applies when proximal; 8.31 is the regression intercept and five is the regression slope coefficient. Length-based model: total insertion depth (cm) = [1.13 + (0.35 x body length [cm])] +/- PS-PTC distance; 1.13 is the intercept and 0.35 is the slope coefficient. Head circumference-based model: total insertion depth (cm) = [2.33 + (0.43 x head circumference [cm])] +/- PS-PTC distance; 2.33 is the intercept and 0.43 is the slope coefficient. Multivariate regression analysis established four combination models, with Model IV (weight + length + head circumference) showing optimal performance. CONCLUSION: Anthropometric parameter-based prediction formulas provide precise guidance for lower extremity PICC placement in VLBWI, enhancing placement success and safety. This approach supports individualized care and is especially valuable where ultrasound guidance is limited. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Jiaxin Li et al. Journal of Nursing Management published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Li, Jiaxin AU - Li J AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-5307-6807 AD - Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China. FAU - Dong, Yubing AU - Dong Y AD - Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Women and Children's Medical Center, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China, fimmu.com. FAU - Yu, Qingling AU - Yu Q AD - Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China, gzucm.edu.cn. FAU - Cao, Aifen AU - Cao A AD - Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Women and Children's Medical Center, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China, fimmu.com. FAU - Jiang, Shan AU - Jiang S AD - Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Women and Children's Medical Center, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China, fimmu.com. FAU - Huang, Yinsui AU - Huang Y AD - Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Women and Children's Medical Center, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China, fimmu.com. FAU - Xiong, Xiaoyun AU - Xiong X AD - Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Women and Children's Medical Center, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China, fimmu.com. LA - eng GR - SZGSP009/Guangdong Provincial High-level Clinical Key Specialty Project/ GR - JCYJ20250604191408012/Natural Science Foundation of Shenzhen Municipality/ GR - JCYJ20230807120213026/Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Program/ GR - JCYJ20240813115035045/Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Program/ GR - FYB2022004/Research Fund of Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital/ GR - SZSM202211001/Shenzhen "Sanming" Project of Medicine/ GR - ZDSYS20230626091559006/Key Laboratory for Pregnancy Disorders and Maternal and Child Health of Shenzhen/ GR - 2025FYH21/National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China/ PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - J Nurs Manag JT - Journal of nursing management JID - 9306050 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Infant, Very Low Birth Weight/physiology MH - Prospective Studies MH - Female MH - *Catheterization, Peripheral/methods/standards/instrumentation/statistics & numerical data MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Male PMC - PMC13396696 COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/24 06:35 MHDA- 2026/07/24 06:36 PMCR- 2026/07/23 CRDT- 2026/07/24 01:52 PHST- 2026/05/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/07/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/24 06:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/24 06:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/24 01:52 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JONM2067769 [pii] AID - 10.1155/jonm/2067769 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Nurs Manag. 2026;2026(1):e2067769. doi: 10.1155/jonm/2067769. PMID- 42493851 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260928 LR - 20260930 IS - 1440-1754 (Electronic) IS - 1034-4810 (Print) IS - 1034-4810 (Linking) VI - 62 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Investigating the Relationship Between Sensory Processing, Pain and Toe Walking Gait: A Survey Study. PG - 1682-1692 LID - 10.1111/jpc.70504 [doi] AB - AIM: This study aimed to examine sensory processing patterns, the frequency and impact of parent-reported pain in children who toe walk across a range of diagnoses using validated caregiver-report tools. METHODS: An online cross-sectional survey was distributed internationally between July 2024 and March 2025. Parents of children who toe walk aged 3-14 years, regardless of diagnosis, completed the Short Sensory Profile (SSP) and the Child Activity Limitations Interview-9 (CALI-9). RESULTS: The survey collected responses from 176 parents of 187 children with toe walking gait. Sensory processing challenges were frequently reported, particularly in children with autism spectrum disorder (98%). Nearly half (48% of 187) of children were reported to experience pain, most frequently in the feet/ankles, lower legs, and hips/thighs. Most parents (94%) and their child's medical professional (81%) attributed their child's pain to toe walking. Parents of children experiencing pain described significantly greater limitations in activities such as sports (OR 3.10, p < 0.001), running (OR 3.46, p < 0.001), and social participation (OR 2.43, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Sensory processing differences and pain were frequently reported among children who toe walk in this sample. Routine assessment of sensory processing and pain in clinical practice may guide targeted interventions to improve participation, function, and quality of life. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Paediatrics and Child Health Division (The Royal Australasian College of Physicians). FAU - Donne, Jack H AU - Donne JH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8364-5079 AD - School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Pacey, Verity AU - Pacey V AD - School of Health Sciences and Nursing, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. FAU - Polt, Desiree AU - Polt D AD - Parent Team Member, Junction City, Kansas, USA. FAU - Powell, Jennifer A AU - Powell JA AD - School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia. FAU - Fahey, Michael C AU - Fahey MC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0811-4785 AD - Department of Paediatrics, Monash Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. AD - Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Williams, Cylie M AU - Williams CM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0223-9141 AD - School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260723 PL - Australia TA - J Paediatr Child Health JT - Journal of paediatrics and child health JID - 9005421 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - Male MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Toes MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Pain/physiopathology MH - *Gait/physiology MH - *Walking/physiology MH - Parents PMC - PMC13617236 OAB - Emerging evidence suggests that toe walking gait in children may be related to disrupted sensory processing abilities. Parents in this study frequently reported sensory processing challenges among children who toe walked, regardless of the reason for toe walking. Limited research has examined the prevalence or impact of pain in children who toe walk. In this study, almost half of the children were reported to experience pain, which was associated with limitations in activities such as sports, running, and social participation. Routine assessment of sensory processing and pain in clinical practice may guide targeted interventions aiming to improve participation, function, and quality of life. OABL- eng OTO - NOTNLM OT - paediatrics OT - pain OT - sensory processing OT - survey OT - toe walking COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/24 06:35 MHDA- 2026/09/28 05:33 PMCR- 2026/09/28 CRDT- 2026/07/24 00:13 PHST- 2026/06/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/28 05:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/24 06:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/24 00:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JPC70504 [pii] AID - 10.1111/jpc.70504 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Paediatr Child Health. 2026 Sep;62(9):1682-1692. doi: 10.1111/jpc.70504. Epub 2026 Jul 23. PMID- 42492573 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260806 LR - 20260806 IS - 1752-7163 (Electronic) IS - 1752-7155 (Linking) VI - 20 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Aug 6 TI - Multifactorial assessment of halitosis in systemically and orally healthy orthodontic patients: airway dimensions, breathing pattern, and comparison with a portable breath analyzer. LID - 10.1088/1752-7163/ae8f6b [doi] AB - Halitosis is a multifactorial condition influenced by airway-related factors and breathing patterns. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between airway dimensions, craniofacial morphology, and breathing type with halitosis in orthodontic patients. In addition, the agreement between the portable breath analyzer and the organoleptic method, as well as the role of self-reported and physiological halitosis, was investigated. This cross-sectional study included 113 systemically and orally healthy orthodontic patients. Lateral cephalometric radiographs were used to assess the sagittal and vertical skeletal patterns and pharyngeal airway dimensions. Halitosis was evaluated using an organoleptic method as the reference standard and a portable breath analysis device for comparison. Oral hygiene habits, breathing type, and perception of halitosis were recorded using a structured questionnaire. Statistical analyses included appropriate parametric and nonparametric tests as well as multivariate logistic regression. Agreement was assessed using Cohen's kappa coefficient. The overall prevalence of halitosis was 8.9% based on organoleptic assessment. Tooth brushing frequency (p= 0.041) and oral dryness (p= 0.004) were significantly associated with halitosis, whereas airway dimensions, skeletal patterns, and breathing types were not (p> 0.05). Physiological halitosis (p= 0.003) and oral dryness (p= 0.047) were significant predictors of self-reported halitosis. The agreement between the self-reported and objective measurements was weak (kappa= 0.264;p< 0.001). A statistically significant and substantial level of agreement was observed between the portable device and the organoleptic assessment (kappa= 0.698). Airway-related parameters were not identified as significant determinants of halitosis. Within the limitations of this study, halitosis was more closely associated with self-reported oral dryness and tooth-brushing frequency than with airway morphology. Portable breath analyzers may serve as practical adjunctive tools for clinical assessments when used under standardized conditions. CI - Creative Commons Attribution license. FAU - Ongun, Ismail AU - Ongun I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1546-461X AD - Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Usak University, Usak, Turkiye. FAU - Erensoy, Sehrazat AU - Erensoy S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5760-0531 AD - Vocational School of Health Services, Oral and Dental Health Program, Izmir Tinaztepe University, Izmir, Turkiye. FAU - Gelgor, Ibrahim Erhan AU - Gelgor IE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9845-7479 AD - Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Usak University, Usak, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260806 PL - England TA - J Breath Res JT - Journal of breath research JID - 101463871 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Halitosis/diagnosis/physiopathology MH - Female MH - Male MH - Breath Tests/instrumentation/methods MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adolescent MH - Respiration MH - Young Adult MH - Cephalometry MH - Orthodontics OTO - NOTNLM OT - airway dimensions OT - cephalometric analysis OT - halitosis OT - mouth breathing OT - orthodontics OT - portable breath analyzer EDAT- 2026/07/24 00:37 MHDA- 2026/08/06 11:36 CRDT- 2026/07/23 18:53 PHST- 2026/04/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/06 11:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/24 00:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/23 18:53 [entrez] AID - 10.1088/1752-7163/ae8f6b [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Breath Res. 2026 Aug 6;20(3). doi: 10.1088/1752-7163/ae8f6b. PMID- 42492475 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260813 LR - 20260813 IS - 1872-7654 (Electronic) IS - 0301-2115 (Linking) VI - 325 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Association between first-trimester PAPP-A and large-for-gestational-age neonates in non-diabetic pregnancies: An exploratory cohort study. PG - 115308 LID - S0301-2115(26)00376-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2026.115308 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the predictive value of elevated first-trimester pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) for large-for-gestational-age (LGA) neonates in non-diabetic pregnancies, and to investigate its potential modifying effect on classical fetal-growth-restricting factors. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study analysed 563 normoglycaemic pregnancies, with strict exclusion of patients with gestational or pregestational diabetes. Participants were stratified by first-trimester PAPP-A percentile into high (>90th percentile, n = 73) and normal ( 90th percentile and continuous multiples of the median (MoM)] were adjusted for maternal age, body mass index, weight gain, smoking status, and fetal gender. Main outcomes included birth weight, LGA (>4000 g), neonatal length, and neonatal intensive care unit admission rate. RESULTS: High PAPP-A was significantly associated with higher mean birth weight (3388.2 +/- 526.4 g vs 3193.1 +/- 538.7 g; p = 0.004) and a 2.4-fold increase in the incidence of LGA (11.0% vs 4.5%; p = 0.044). PAPP-A MoM was positively correlated with neonatal crown-heel length (r = 0.132; p = 0.001). In the continuous multivariate model, every 1-unit increase in PAPP-A MoM was associated with a 1.82-fold increase [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.21-2.72; p = 0.003] in the risk of LGA. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed an area under the curve of 0.665 (95% CI 0.566-0.762), with a high negative predictive value of 95.5% (95% CI 93.3-97.0%) but limited sensitivity (26.7%, 95% CI 14.2-44.4%) and positive predictive value (11.0%, 95% CI 5.7-20.2%). In exploratory subgroup analyses, high PAPP-A was associated with higher birth weight in the presence of factors such as advanced maternal age and limited weight gain. CONCLUSION: In non-diabetic pregnancies, elevated first-trimester PAPP-A is an independent correlate of fetal overgrowth. As a potential marker of increased free insulin-like growth factor bioavailability, high PAPP-A may reflect an anabolic signal that warrants further investigation in multiparametric prediction models. Its clinical utility as a standalone screening tool is currently limited by low sensitivity and a positive predictive value; therefore, its role remains to be established in larger prospective trials. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Karakaya, Turan Kaan AU - Karakaya TK AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey. Electronic address: kaan.karakaya@giresun.edu.tr. FAU - Arslan, Hilmi Furkan AU - Arslan HF AD - Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260716 PL - Ireland TA - Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol JT - European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology JID - 0375672 RN - EC 3.4.24.- (Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A) RN - EC 3.4.24.79 (PAPPA protein, human) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A/metabolism/analysis MH - Pregnancy MH - *Pregnancy Trimester, First/blood MH - *Infant, Large for Gestational Age MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Adult MH - Infant, Newborn MH - *Fetal Macrosomia/blood MH - Birth Weight MH - Predictive Value of Tests OTO - NOTNLM OT - Fetal macrosomia OT - Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) OT - Large for gestational age (LGA) OT - Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) OT - Prenatal screening COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/07/24 00:37 MHDA- 2026/08/13 23:36 CRDT- 2026/07/23 18:11 PHST- 2026/03/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/13 23:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/24 00:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/23 18:11 [entrez] AID - S0301-2115(26)00376-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2026.115308 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2026 Sep;325:115308. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2026.115308. Epub 2026 Jul 16. PMID- 42492233 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261014 LR - 20261014 IS - 1530-0315 (Electronic) IS - 0195-9131 (Linking) VI - 58 IP - 11 DP - 2026 Nov 1 TI - Resting Metabolic Rate in Collegiate Male Wrestlers: Cross-Validation and Development of Prediction Equations. PG - 2524-2534 LID - 10.1249/MSS.0000000000004071 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: The purpose of the current study was to cross-validate previously developed resting metabolic rate (RMR) prediction equations using laboratory measurements of RMR as a criterion. METHODS: National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I (n = 60) and III (n = 113) male wrestlers participated in the current study (n = 173; Age: 19.6 +/- 1.5 yrs.; Height: 176.3 +/- 6.3 cm; Weight: 76.6 +/- 10.9 kg; Body Fat: 11.4 +/- 3.0%). Indirect calorimetry was used to measure RMR and Skinfold thickness was used to estimate body fat percentage (BF%) during the preseason period under standardized dress (underwear only), fasting, and resting conditions. RESULTS: Mean measured RMR was 2102 +/- 341 kcal.d -1 . All body mass-based RMR prediction equations significantly underestimated the measured RMR, with the exception of the Jagim and Schofield equations. The Tinsley fat-free mass (FFM) equation and the Cunningham equation had the lowest constant error values when compared with measured RMR (mean bias +/- standard error: 80 +/- 20 kcal and 126 +/- 20 kcal.d -1 , respectively). Linear regression indicated the Tinsley FFM (R 2 = 0.422, root-mean-squared error (RMSE) = 279 kcals, %RMSE = 13.3%), and Cunningham FFM equations had the closest agreement to measured RMR (R 2 = 0.422, RMSE = 301 kcals, %RMSE = 14.3%), along with the Jagim equation for a body mass-based prediction equation (R 2 = 0.377, RMSE = 338 kcals, %RMSE = 16.1%). The standard error of the estimate (SEE) ranged from 260 to 272 kcal.d -1 across equations. Coefficients of determination (R 2 ) ranged from 37% to 42%. The new body mass and FFM-based equations exhibited good agreement based on the constant error (26 and -13 kcal.d -1 ), RMSE (274 and 252 kcal.d -1 ), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The newly developed equations demonstrated mean bias <2% of measured RMR. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 by the American College of Sports Medicine. FAU - Jagim, Andrew R AU - Jagim AR AD - Health Professions, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse, La Crosse, WI. AD - Intercollegiate Athletics, Patriot Performance Laboratory, Frank Pettrone Center for Sports Performance, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA. FAU - Dobbs, Ward C AU - Dobbs WC AD - Division of Kinesiology and Health, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY. FAU - Magee, Meghan K AU - Magee MK AD - Exercise Science and Exercise Physiology, Kent State University, Kent, OH. FAU - Fields, Jennifer B AU - Fields JB AD - Intercollegiate Athletics, Patriot Performance Laboratory, Frank Pettrone Center for Sports Performance, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA. AD - Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT. FAU - Sims, Jesse N L AU - Sims JNL AD - Exercise Science and Exercise Physiology, Kent State University, Kent, OH. FAU - Saine, Noelle D AU - Saine ND AD - Intercollegiate Athletics, Patriot Performance Laboratory, Frank Pettrone Center for Sports Performance, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA. AD - Sport, Recreation, and Tourism Management, George Mason University, Manassas, VA. FAU - Jones, Margaret T AU - Jones MT AD - Intercollegiate Athletics, Patriot Performance Laboratory, Frank Pettrone Center for Sports Performance, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA. AD - Sport, Recreation, and Tourism Management, George Mason University, Manassas, VA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260703 PL - United States TA - Med Sci Sports Exerc JT - Medicine and science in sports and exercise JID - 8005433 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Basal Metabolism/physiology MH - *Wrestling/physiology MH - Male MH - Calorimetry, Indirect MH - Young Adult MH - Skinfold Thickness MH - Body Composition MH - Prediction Methods, Machine MH - Adolescent MH - Body Mass Index OTO - NOTNLM OT - BODY COMPOSITION OT - ENERGY REQUIREMENTS OT - METABOLISM OT - WEIGHT MANAGEMENT OT - WRESTLING EDAT- 2026/07/24 00:37 MHDA- 2026/10/14 05:33 CRDT- 2026/07/23 18:03 PHST- 2026/10/14 05:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/24 00:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/23 18:03 [entrez] AID - 00005768-990000000-01108 [pii] AID - 10.1249/MSS.0000000000004071 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2026 Nov 1;58(11):2524-2534. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000004071. Epub 2026 Jul 3. PMID- 42491911 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260723 LR - 20260813 IS - 2167-8359 (Electronic) IS - 2167-8359 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Associations between echocardiographic parameters and aerobic performance in young athletes. PG - e21263 LID - 10.7717/peerj.21263 [doi] LID - e21263 AB - BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Cardiac morphology can be shaped according to chronic and acute exercise and provides important findings regarding cardiac response to different types of performance. However, cardiac remodelling is a multidimensional process involving intertwined structural, functional, and haemodynamic components, making it difficult to explain with a single criterion and requiring a comprehensive assessment. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of echocardiographic (ECHO) parameters on 30-15 interval fitness test (IFT) performance. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-three active athletes participated in the study. All ECHO measurements were performed by a specialist cardiologist using standard clinical methods, and the IFT was administered to participants after the measurements. In the analysis, ECHO variables representing the structural characteristics of the left ventricle, systolic-diastolic function, and aortic/atrial measurements were evaluated, with priority given to parameters indexed according to body surface area (BSA). Relationships between IFT performance and ECHO parameters were examined by establishing parsimonious linear regression models appropriate for small sample sizes; models were evaluated using Akaike Information Criterion (AICc)-based model comparison and model averaging, results were checked for robustness using leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV), and the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) approach, consistent with the model, was used for interpretability. RESULTS: In the AICc-based model comparison, the parsimonious model with the highest support consisted of the body composition (BMI) + posterior wall (PW)_I + aortic strain (AORT_STR) components and explained approximately 46% of the variance in IFT performance (mean adj. R (2) = 0.461; LOOCV root mean squared error (RMSE) = 1.811; mean DeltaAICc = 0; mean Akaike weight = 0.0476). Variable importance analyses in the best model set revealed that the variables most consistently associated with IFT were BMI (Sigmaw = 0.46; weighted mean-SHAP- = 0.154; beta = - 0.068) and posterior wall thickness indexed by BSA (PW_I) (Sigmaw = 0.35; weighted mean-SHAP- = 0.211; beta = 0.348). This was followed by IVS_I (Sigmaw = 0.191; weighted mean-SHAP- = 0.072; beta = 0.124), A wave (Sigmaw = 0.177; weighted mean-SHAP- = 0.080; beta = 0.849) and AORT_STR (Sigmaw = 0.166; weighted mean-SHAP- = 0.077; beta = 0.013) followed. Overall, the distribution of model weights across multiple models indicated significant model uncertainty, while BMI and indexed structural measures provided the strongest and most consistent signal in relation to IFT. CONCLUSIONS: In this context, it has been concluded that body composition is also a determining factor in the relationship between cardiac morphology and IFT performance. Large prospective studies are important for determining this complex relationship. CI - (c)2026 Akgumus et al. FAU - Akgumus, Alkame AU - Akgumus A AD - Department of Cardiology, Medical Faculty, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, Balikesir, Turkey. FAU - Kurtoglu, Ahmet AU - Kurtoglu A AD - Department of Coaching Education, Faculty of Sport Science, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, Balikesir, Turkey. FAU - Ozer, Omer AU - Ozer O AD - Department of Physical Education and Sport Teaching, Faculty of Sport Science, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, Balikesir, Turkey. FAU - Duygu, Ali AU - Duygu A AD - Department of Cardiology, Medical Faculty, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, Balikesir, Turkey. FAU - Car, Bekir AU - Car B AD - Department of Physical Education and Sport Teaching, Faculty of Sport Science, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, Balikesir, Turkey. FAU - Kurtoglu, Ertugrul AU - Kurtoglu E AD - Department of Cardiology, Medical Faculty, Malatya Turgut Ozal University, Malatya, Turkey. FAU - Uzgur, Kamil AU - Uzgur K AD - Department of Coaching Education, Faculty of Sport Science, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, Balikesir, Turkey. FAU - Er, Fahri AU - Er F AD - Department of Cardiology, Medical Faculty, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, Balikesir, Turkey. FAU - Muracki, Jaroslaw AU - Muracki J AD - Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, Department of Physical Culture and Health, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland. FAU - Elkholi, Safaa M AU - Elkholi SM AD - Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260714 PL - United States TA - PeerJ JT - PeerJ JID - 101603425 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Echocardiography MH - Male MH - *Athletes MH - Young Adult MH - Female MH - *Exercise/physiology MH - Adolescent MH - Ventricular Function, Left/physiology MH - Exercise Test MH - Heart Ventricles/diagnostic imaging MH - *Athletic Performance/physiology PMC - PMC13378464 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Aerobic performance OT - Cardiac function OT - Cardiac morphology OT - Echocardiography COIS- The authors declare there are no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/23 18:35 MHDA- 2026/07/23 18:36 PMCR- 2026/07/14 CRDT- 2026/07/23 16:18 PHST- 2025/10/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/23 18:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/23 18:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/23 16:18 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 21263 [pii] AID - 10.7717/peerj.21263 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PeerJ. 2026 Jul 14;14:e21263. doi: 10.7717/peerj.21263. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42491719 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260723 LR - 20260922 IS - 2632-1297 (Electronic) IS - 2632-1297 (Linking) VI - 8 IP - 4 DP - 2026 TI - Using reference intervals to improve interpretation of youth sport-related concussion biomarkers using a research platform. PG - fcag250 LID - 10.1093/braincomms/fcag250 [doi] LID - fcag250 AB - Youth sports-related concussion (SRC) is a major health concern. Approximately 67% of Canadian youth participate in sports and recreation, and 93% of head injuries experienced in sports and recreation are concussions. SRCs are challenging to diagnose because symptoms are often subtle, which can affect the reliability of clinical diagnostic methods that are often subjective. As undiagnosed concussions can potentially lead to unfavourable neurological implications, objective diagnostic tools have the potential to improve diagnosis and inform prognosis. Recent research has highlighted the potential utility of plasma neurofilament light (NfL) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) for SRC diagnosis, offering a quantitative and cost-effective diagnostic method. However, a major gap in the literature is understanding whether the magnitude of change in NfL and GFAP levels post-SRC exceeds normal variation observed at the population level. This study evaluates NfL and GFAP as diagnostic SRC biomarkers by comparing preseason and post-SRC levels measured up to 28 days after injury to population-based reference intervals. Preseason (uninjured) and post-SRC plasma samples from the Surveillance in High Schools and Community Sports to Reduce Concussions and their Consequences study were quantified with Quanterix's Neurology-4-plex-B assay and compared to previously generated age-matched reference interval. A total of 658 preseason specimens (440 male [67%]; median [range] age, 15.9 [10.4-18.4] years) and 134 post-SRC specimens (72 male [54%]; median [range] age, 16.1 [11.2-18.4] years) were assessed. Median biomarker levels were higher at post-SRC than preseason for both NfL (preseason/post-SRC = 5.1/5.5 pg/ml, P = 0.0339) and GFAP (preseason/post-SRC=51.7/59.7 pg/ml, P < 0.0001). However, when compared to population controls across the same age range, 580 (88%) preseason and 119 (89%) of post-SRC measures fell within the reference interval (5th-95th percentile) for NfL and 644 (98%) preseason and 132 (99%) of post-SRC measures fell within the reference interval for GFAP. Further, the number of participants within or above the reference interval (>95th percentile) did not differ between preseason and post-SRC groups for either NfL (P > 0.9999) or GFAP (P > 0.9999). Body mass index was inversely associated with the distribution of NfL (5th-50th/50th-95th = 23.02/22.15, P = 0.0083; 5th-50th/50th-95th = 24.37/21.74, P = 0.0038) and GFAP (5th-50th/50th-95th = 23.12/22.29, P = 0.0219; 5th-50th/50th-95th = 25.03/22.27, P = 0.0025) within the reference interval, which may explain the skew of NfL and GFAP levels in the SHRed participants compared to population controls at both preseason and post-SRC. We conclude that plasma NfL and GFAP measured up to 28 days post-SRC do not meet criteria for clinical significance as stand-alone post-acute diagnostic biomarkers for adolescent SRC. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Guarantors of Brain. FAU - Achalu, Kidus AU - Achalu K AD - Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada. AD - Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada. FAU - Cooper, Jennifer G AU - Cooper JG AD - Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada. AD - Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada. FAU - Tabor, Jason B AU - Tabor JB AD - Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada. AD - Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada. AD - Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada. FAU - Ghodsi, Mohammad AU - Ghodsi M AD - Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada. AD - Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada. FAU - Huang, Johnny AU - Huang J AD - Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada. AD - Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada. FAU - Josafatow-Garcia, Nik AU - Josafatow-Garcia N AD - Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada. AD - Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada. AD - Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada. FAU - Penner, Linden C AU - Penner LC AD - Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada. AD - Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada. AD - Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada. FAU - Stukas, Sophie AU - Stukas S AD - Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada. AD - Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada. FAU - Galarneau, Jean-Michel AU - Galarneau JM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3784-8753 AD - Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada. FAU - Fraser, Douglas D AU - Fraser DD AD - Department of Pediatrics and Clinical Neurological Sciences, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada. FAU - Smirl, Jonathan AU - Smirl J AD - Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada. AD - Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada. AD - Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada. FAU - Yeates, Keith O AU - Yeates KO AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7680-2892 AD - Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada. AD - Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada. AD - Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada. FAU - Debert, Chantel T AU - Debert CT AD - Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada. AD - Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada. AD - Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada. AD - Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada. FAU - Emery, Carolyn A AU - Emery CA AD - Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada. AD - Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada. AD - Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada. AD - Departments of Pediatrics and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada. FAU - Wellington, Cheryl L AU - Wellington CL AD - Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada. AD - Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada. AD - School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada. AD - International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260705 PL - England TA - Brain Commun JT - Brain communications JID - 101755125 PMC - PMC13378169 OTO - NOTNLM OT - blood-based biomarkers OT - concussion OT - context of use OT - normative data COIS- Cheryl Wellington is principal investigator on unrelated operating grants from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Weston Brain Institutes, Cure Alzheimer Fund, US Department of Defence, and the National Institutes of Health. Keith Owen Yeates is principal investigator on a grant from the Canada Foundation for Innovation; co-investigator on grants from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Brain Canada Foundation, and Ontario Brain Institute; a paid research consultant for the Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA; receives book royalties from Guilford Press and Cambridge University Press; has received travel support and honorariums for presentations to multiple organizations; and serves on the Data Safety and Monitoring Board for the Concussion Health Improvement Program (CHIP) Trial, University of Washington. All other authors report no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/23 18:34 MHDA- 2026/07/23 18:35 PMCR- 2026/07/05 CRDT- 2026/07/23 16:13 PHST- 2025/05/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/23 18:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/23 18:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/23 16:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - fcag250 [pii] AID - 10.1093/braincomms/fcag250 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Brain Commun. 2026 Jul 5;8(4):fcag250. doi: 10.1093/braincomms/fcag250. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42490625 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260723 LR - 20260813 IS - 1549-1676 (Electronic) IS - 1549-1277 (Print) IS - 1549-1277 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Exploring parental prenatal influences on child health: A multicohort study and data visualisation tool. PG - e1005153 LID - 10.1371/journal.pmed.1005153 [doi] LID - e1005153 AB - BACKGROUND: The Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) hypothesis suggests that early life environmental exposures, especially during pregnancy, can impact long-term health. Research has largely relied on correlational evidence and has focussed on maternal factors, with less attention given to paternal, postnatal, and broader social determinants. This focus could complicate efforts to determine the most effective strategies for improving population health. METHODS AND FINDINGS: Using harmonised data across four population-based longitudinal cohort studies from the UK and Norway (births between 1991 and 2008), we took a systematic approach to explore associations of parental prenatal health behaviours (smoking, alcohol, and caffeine consumption) and low socioeconomic position (SEP) with 72 child health-related outcomes (e.g., related to body size and composition, cognitive function, mental health, blood pressure, allergy, etc.) from birth up to age 11. Where possible, cohort estimates were meta-analysed, yielding a maximum sample size of 232,139. We triangulated evidence of causality using different analytical approaches, including a Mendelian randomisation-informed approach using genetic risk scores, negative controls (maternal versus paternal and during versus post-pregnancy comparisons), and dose-response analyses. This comprehensive set of analyses generated more than 594,000 effect estimates. We developed a web app, 'EPoCH Explorer' to visualise and share our results in an accessible format. We did not find strong evidence for widespread or large effects of parental health behaviours on child health and wellbeing. Only 6% of analyses had a Cohen's D value >0.2 and FDR-adjusted P < 0.05. In most analyses, the effect estimate was similar for mothers and partners, with 51% showing a larger effect for mothers and 49% for partners. Despite the lack of widespread associations, we found consistent evidence of association between maternal smoking and small for gestational age, higher childhood body mass index (BMI), depressive symptoms, and behavioural issues, while partner smoking was consistently associated with childhood BMI and social communication difficulties. Overall, we found stronger evidence of child outcomes being associated with low SEP than with health behaviours: 15% of results for low SEP had a Cohen's D value >0.2 and FDR-P < 0.05, compared to 6% for parental smoking, 3% for alcohol, and 0.4% for caffeine. Sample sizes and statistical power varied across outcomes and there was limited ethnic diversity in our study samples. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that wider familial socioeconomic conditions may be a more important determinant of child health than specific parental health behaviours prenatally. Interventions to improve population health may be most effective if they target wider social inequalities, rather than individual behaviours and mothers specifically. We encourage researchers to use EPoCH Explorer to prioritise associations for exploration in their own datasets, thus enabling replication and cross-context comparison to validate and extend the generalisability of our findings. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Sharp et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Sharp, Gemma C AU - Sharp GC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2906-4035 AD - School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom. AD - MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom. FAU - Lawlor, Deborah A AU - Lawlor DA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6793-2262 AD - MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom. AD - Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom. FAU - Easey, Kayleigh E AU - Easey KE AD - MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom. AD - School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom. FAU - Kundu, Sampurna AU - Kundu S AD - School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom. FAU - Elhakeem, Ahmed AU - Elhakeem A AD - School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom. AD - MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom. AD - Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom. FAU - Hone, Edward AU - Hone E AD - Research Software Engineers Group, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom. FAU - McEachan, Rosemary R C AU - McEachan RRC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1302-6675 AD - Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Bradford, United Kingdom. FAU - Magnus, Maria C AU - Magnus MC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0568-3774 AD - Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Havdahl, Alexandra AU - Havdahl A AD - Nic Waals Institute, Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, Oslo, Norway. AD - PsychGen Centre for Genetic Epidemiology and Mental Health, Division of Public Health and Prevention, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. AD - Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. AD - PROMENTA Research Centre, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Relton, Caroline L AU - Relton CL AD - MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom. AD - London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260723 PL - United States TA - PLoS Med JT - PLoS medicine JID - 101231360 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *Child Health MH - Child MH - *Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/epidemiology MH - Norway/epidemiology MH - Male MH - United Kingdom/epidemiology MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Child, Preschool MH - Developmental Origins of Health and Disease MH - Smoking/adverse effects/epidemiology MH - Infant MH - Health Behavior MH - Infant, Newborn MH - *Parents MH - Alcohol Drinking/adverse effects/epidemiology MH - Risk Factors PMC - PMC13395330 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/07/23 18:35 MHDA- 2026/07/23 18:36 PMCR- 2026/07/23 CRDT- 2026/07/23 15:13 PHST- 2025/08/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/23 18:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/23 18:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/23 15:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PMEDICINE-D-25-02845 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pmed.1005153 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS Med. 2026 Jul 23;23(7):e1005153. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1005153. eCollection 2026 Jul. PMID- 42490250 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260921 LR - 20261008 IS - 1939-134X (Electronic) IS - 1040-3590 (Linking) VI - 38 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Psychometric validation of the Italian State Urge to Be Physically Active Questionnaire in eating disorders: Psychopathology correlates and diagnostic differences. PG - e39-e50 LID - 10.1037/pas0001495 [doi] AB - Alongside excessive physical activity, individuals with eating disorders (EDs) frequently report a heightened urge to move and physical restlessness, which may contribute to both somatic and psychological burden. The State Urge to be Physically Active Questionnaire (SUPA-Q) specifically measures this acute, state-like dimension in ED patients, but a validated Italian version is not yet available. Two hundred thirty-three inpatients (93.6% female; M(age) = 31.7 +/- 14.3) formally diagnosed with EDs completed the SUPAQ-I alongside measures of compulsive exercise, exercise addiction, impulsivity, and ED psychopathology. Psychometric evaluation covered item performance, internal consistency, confirmatory factor analysis, convergent/divergent validity, sensitivity to change, and exploratory clinical cutoffs. Paired-samples t tests assessed score changes. SUPAQ-I scores demonstrated excellent reliability (alpha = .958, omega = 0.959) and good factorial validity. Scores significantly positively correlated with ED severity (drive for thinness, body dissatisfaction, overcontrol) and negatively with body mass index. Post hoc analyses revealed higher scores occurring in anorexia nervosa compared to binge-eating disorder, which decreased significantly over hospitalization, findings that are consistent with sensitivity to clinical change. High scores predominated in restrictive anorexia nervosa subtypes. Overall, findings support the psychometric adequacy of SUPAQ-I score interpretations for measuring acute movement urges in EDs. It appeared to capture an affect-driven and state-related dimension of movement urges related to, but not fully explained by, existing trait-based exercise measures and showed sensitive to clinical change. Further research is needed to refine cutoffs and examine the generalizability of these findings across populations and settings. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved). FAU - Boltri, Margherita AU - Boltri M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6742-8541 AD - Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Experimental Laboratory for Metabolic Neurosciences Research. FAU - Gabutti, Carolina AU - Gabutti C AD - Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Experimental Laboratory for Metabolic Neurosciences Research. FAU - Brusa, Federico AU - Brusa F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5353-7296 AD - Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Experimental Laboratory for Metabolic Neurosciences Research. FAU - Cera, Giulia AU - Cera G AD - Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Experimental Laboratory for Metabolic Neurosciences Research. FAU - Villa, Valentina AU - Villa V AD - Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Laboratorio di Psicologia, Ospedale San Giuseppe. FAU - Bastoni, Ilaria AU - Bastoni I AD - Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Laboratorio di Psicologia, Ospedale San Giuseppe. FAU - Ducale, Sara AU - Ducale S AD - Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Laboratorio di Psicologia, Ospedale San Giuseppe. FAU - Manzo, Francesca AU - Manzo F AD - Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Unita Operativa Complessa dei Disturbi dell'Alimentazione e della Nutrizione, Ospedale San Giuseppe. FAU - Scalia, Alberto AU - Scalia A AD - Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Unita Operativa Complessa dei Disturbi dell'Alimentazione e della Nutrizione, Ospedale San Giuseppe. FAU - Apicella, Emanuela AU - Apicella E AD - Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Experimental Laboratory for Metabolic Neurosciences Research. FAU - Savino, Sandra AU - Savino S AD - Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Unita Operativa Complessa dei Disturbi dell'Alimentazione e della Nutrizione, Ospedale San Giuseppe. FAU - Castelnuovo, Gianluca AU - Castelnuovo G AD - Department of Psychology, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore. FAU - Mendolicchio, Leonardo AU - Mendolicchio L AD - Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Experimental Laboratory for Metabolic Neurosciences Research. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT06514456 GR - Italian Ministry of Health/ PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260723 PL - United States TA - Psychol Assess JT - Psychological assessment JID - 8915253 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Psychometrics MH - Adult MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - *Feeding and Eating Disorders/diagnosis/psychology MH - Italy MH - Surveys and Questionnaires/standards MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - *Anorexia Nervosa/diagnosis/psychology MH - Adolescent MH - Middle Aged MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - Compulsive Exercise/psychology MH - Impulsive Behavior EDAT- 2026/07/23 18:35 MHDA- 2026/09/21 17:47 CRDT- 2026/07/23 12:43 PHST- 2026/09/21 17:47 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/23 18:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/23 12:43 [entrez] AID - 2028-02437-001 [pii] AID - 10.1037/pas0001495 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Psychol Assess. 2026 Oct;38(10):e39-e50. doi: 10.1037/pas0001495. Epub 2026 Jul 23. PMID- 42489856 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260804 LR - 20260813 IS - 1867-0687 (Electronic) IS - 1708-8569 (Print) VI - 22 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun TI - BMI-for-age Z-score trajectories in early childhood: a comparison of GMM and KML and associated antenatal and postnatal factors. PG - 664-677 LID - 10.1007/s12519-026-01057-y [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Early-life growth trajectories, especially during the first two years, are important for future health. However, in the context of rapidly rising childhood obesity, it is essential to characterize BMI-for-age Z-score (BAZ) trajectories in early childhood, compare optimal modeling approaches, and identify associated risk factors. METHODS: This prospective birth cohort study enrolled participants in Jinan, Shandong from 2019 to 2022. World Health Organization (WHO)-standardized BAZ scores were calculated for children at eight timepoints (0-24 months). Sex-specific BAZ trajectories were derived using growth mixture modeling (GMM) and k-means for longitudinal data (KML). The possible risk of being overweight (BAZ > 1) at age three years was predicted using logistic regression with five folds cross-validation, comparing model performance via the area under the curve (AUC). Associations between trajectory classification and antenatal and postnatal factors were examined. RESULTS: A total of 4629 mother-infant dyads were enrolled in this study. The KML-derived four-class trajectory model demonstrated optimal predictive performance for possible risk of being overweight at age three years, achieving an AUC of 0.749 and significantly outperforming the GMM model (AUC = 0.571). Male sex [odds ratio (OR) = 1.314; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.098, 1.572], high birth weight (OR = 4.739; 95% CI: 3.594, 6.250), multiparity (OR = 1.265; 95% CI: 1.003, 1.594), and gestational hypertension (OR = 2.581; 95% CI: 1.387, 4.801) were identified as risk factors for high growth trajectory. CONCLUSIONS: The KML model was identified as the more effective approach for delineating BAZ trajectories and predicting the risk of being overweight in our study population. Furthermore, male sex, high birth weight, multiparity, and gestational hypertension were identified as key antenatal and postnatal factors associated with higher growth trajectories. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Zhang, Ting AU - Zhang T AD - Clinical Research Center for Children's Health and Diseases, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China. FAU - Li, Zi-Yun AU - Li ZY AD - Clinical Research Center for Children's Health and Diseases, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China. FAU - Zhang, Zhen-Yu AU - Zhang ZY AD - School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China. FAU - Gao, Mai AU - Gao M AD - Clinical Research Center for Children's Health and Diseases, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China. FAU - Zhang, Li AU - Zhang L AD - Clinical Research Center for Children's Health and Diseases, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China. FAU - Liu, Hui-Juan AU - Liu HJ AD - Clinical Research Center for Children's Health and Diseases, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China. FAU - Wang, Hai-Jun AU - Wang HJ AD - Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. FAU - Li, Yan AU - Li Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2233-7061 AD - Clinical Research Center for Children's Health and Diseases, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China. liyanxj@sina.com. LA - eng GR - 32500156/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - Z20243204/Shandong Province Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Project/ PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260723 PL - Switzerland TA - World J Pediatr JT - World journal of pediatrics : WJP JID - 101278599 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Prospective Studies MH - *Body Mass Index MH - Child, Preschool MH - Risk Factors MH - Infant MH - Birth Cohort MH - *Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology MH - Infant, Newborn MH - China/epidemiology PMC - PMC13433460 OTO - NOTNLM OT - BAZ trajectory OT - Children OT - Growth mixture modeling OT - K-means for longitudinal data OT - Pediatric OT - Possible risk of being overweight COIS- Declarations. Conflict of interest: No financial or non-financial benefits have been received or will be received from any party related directly or indirectly to the subject of this article. Ethical approval: Ethical approval was granted by Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University (No. 2025-040). EDAT- 2026/07/23 12:37 MHDA- 2026/08/04 06:37 PMCR- 2026/07/23 CRDT- 2026/07/23 11:08 PHST- 2026/01/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/02/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/04 06:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/23 12:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/23 11:08 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s12519-026-01057-y [pii] AID - 1057 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s12519-026-01057-y [doi] PST - ppublish SO - World J Pediatr. 2026 Jun;22(6):664-677. doi: 10.1007/s12519-026-01057-y. Epub 2026 Jul 23. PMID- 42489125 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260723 IS - 1934-1563 (Electronic) IS - 1934-1482 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jul 23 TI - Lifestyle medicine innovations: Physical activity assessment in patient care and implementation of a digital health platform to support healthier movement. LID - 10.1002/pmrj.70185 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To introduce the ExerciseRxTM digital health platform as a scalable approach to support personalized physical activity (PA) and home exercise as part of clinical care. DESIGN: Narrative review of Physical Activity Vital Sign (PAVS) integration within an academic healthcare system as well as description and ongoing research on a digital health platform to support physical activity as part of patient care. SETTING: Outpatient clinics within an academic medical center. PARTICIPANTS: Patients across multiple populations, including individuals with limb loss, multiple sclerosis, and primary care cohorts, as well as participants in pediatric rehabilitation, oncology, and rheumatology clinics. INTERVENTIONS: Integration of two standardized PAVS questions into the electronic health record and development of the ExerciseRx digital health platform incorporating smartphone and wearable step count tracking, personalized activity goals, and AI/ML home exercise sensing innovations. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Self-reported PA levels, associations with demographic and clinical factors, healthcare utilization, and feasibility and usability of the digital health platform. RESULTS: PAVS assessment implementation demonstrated that a majority of patients across multiple clinic populations did not meet PA recommendations and highlighted demographic and clinical differences in activity levels. Higher self-reported PA was associated with lower healthcare utilization while controlling for confounding factors. Preliminary findings involving the ExerciseRx platform showed feasibility, high usability, and increased PA engagement, while enabling providers to monitor patient progress with actionable data. CONCLUSIONS: Routine assessment of PA through PAVS, combined with digital health tools such as the ExerciseRx platform, may help identify insufficiently active patients and support personalized, home-based exercise at scale. This approach aligns with priorities in lifestyle medicine and population health, with further research needed on clinical integration at scale. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). PM&R published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. FAU - Lin, Cindy Y AU - Lin CY AD - Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. AD - The Sports Institute at UW Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA. FAU - Kehne, Theresa AU - Kehne T AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-6453-2790 AD - Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. AD - The Sports Institute at UW Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA. LA - eng GR - Seattle Children's Research Institute/ GR - Bladder Cancer Advocacy Network/ GR - NCT06270641/National Multiple Sclerosis Society/ GR - Spondylitis Association of America/ GR - The Sports Institute at UW Medicine/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260723 PL - United States TA - PM R JT - PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitation JID - 101491319 SB - IM EDAT- 2026/07/23 12:37 MHDA- 2026/07/23 12:37 CRDT- 2026/07/23 06:24 PHST- 2026/04/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/12/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/23 12:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/23 12:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/23 06:24 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/pmrj.70185 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - PM R. 2026 Jul 23. doi: 10.1002/pmrj.70185. PMID- 42488399 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260723 LR - 20260822 IS - 2673-3153 (Electronic) IS - 2673-3153 (Print) IS - 2673-3153 (Linking) VI - 8 DP - 2026 TI - Understanding practices of lactation and infant feeding together with women with HIV: the UPLIFT observational study protocol. PG - 1856899 LID - 10.3389/frph.2026.1856899 [doi] LID - 1856899 AB - INTRODUCTION: There is a limited understanding of infant feeding decisions, practices, and outcomes for women living with HIV (WLHIV) and their infants since U.S. guidelines were updated in 2023 to support breastfeeding for virally suppressed women on antiretroviral treatment. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The Understanding Practices of Lactation and Infant Feeding Together with women with HIV (UPLIFT) study is a convergent mixed-methods, multisite, observational study designed to address key knowledge gaps. Twelve US sites will begin enrollment in early 2026 to accomplish three core activities (CA). In CA1, we explore infant feeding decision-making and experiences via in-depth interviews with pregnant/postpartum WLHIV (n = 50), their partners and other influential individuals (n = 25), and a diverse sample of healthcare professionals (n = 45). Site-level surveys assess infant feeding practices and estimate the prevalence of breastfeeding among WLHIV. In CA2, we establish an observational longitudinal cohort of 450 WLHIV-infant dyads to examine infant feeding practices and outcomes. WLHIV will be enrolled during pregnancy and early postpartum, with half intending to breastfeed, and will be followed for >/=48 weeks. Clinical and laboratory data will be collected. Comprehensive surveys collect data on demographics, social determinants of health, mental health, antiretroviral therapy adherence, and infant feeding intentions and experiences. We measure HIV RNA and DNA in breast milk to determine factors associated with detectable HIV. Finally, we estimate the costs and benefits associated with breastfeeding compared to replacement feeding. In CA3, we develop and pilot a voluntary registry of U.S. WLHIV who are breastfeeding and their infants (n = 50-200). Pilot registry testers (n = 30) will provide feedback on the usability, acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility of the registry. DISCUSSION: The UPLIFT study will generate critical insights to inform patient-centered care, guide practice and policy, and empower WLHIV in the US to make informed infant feeding decisions. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The UPLIFT study received approval from Advarra, the institutional review board of record for all UPLIFT sites. Results will be disseminated through conference presentations, peer-reviewed journals, and lay summaries. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07293559, NCT07293559. CI - (c) 2026 Smith, Barr, Hampanda, Trumbull, Wu, McKinney, Buisson, Hoffmann, Brown, Hutchinson, Amico, Asiodu, McFarland, Lampe, Cholli, Varechtchouk, Esber, Kourtis and Abuogi. FAU - Smith, Christiana AU - Smith C AD - Department of Pediatrics, Section of Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States. FAU - Barr, Emily Anne AU - Barr EA AD - School of Nursing, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States. FAU - Hampanda, Karen AU - Hampanda K AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States. FAU - Trumbull, Mark AU - Trumbull M AD - Frontier Science & Technology Research Foundation, Amherst, NY, United States. FAU - Wu, Hulin AU - Wu H AD - Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States. FAU - McKinney, Jennifer AU - McKinney J AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States. FAU - Buisson, Sarah AU - Buisson S AD - FHI 360, Durham, NC, United States. FAU - Hoffmann, Carly AU - Hoffmann C AD - Frontier Science & Technology Research Foundation, Amherst, NY, United States. FAU - Brown, Ciarra AU - Brown C AD - The Well Project, Brooklyn, NY, United States. FAU - Hutchinson, Angela B AU - Hutchinson AB AD - Division of HIV Prevention, National Center for HIV, Hepatitis, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Tuberculosis Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), Atlanta, GA, United States. FAU - Amico, K Rivet AU - Amico KR AD - University of Michigan, School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, United States. FAU - Asiodu, Ifeyinwa V AU - Asiodu IV AD - School of Nursing, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States. FAU - McFarland, Elizabeth J AU - McFarland EJ AD - Department of Pediatrics, Section of Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States. FAU - Lampe, Margaret A AU - Lampe MA AD - Division of HIV Prevention, National Center for HIV, Hepatitis, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Tuberculosis Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), Atlanta, GA, United States. FAU - Cholli, Preetam A AU - Cholli PA AD - Division of HIV Prevention, National Center for HIV, Hepatitis, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Tuberculosis Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), Atlanta, GA, United States. FAU - Varechtchouk, Olga AU - Varechtchouk O AD - Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States. FAU - Esber, Allahna AU - Esber A AD - Maternal and Pediatric Infectious Disease Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, United States. FAU - Kourtis, Athena P AU - Kourtis AP AD - Division of HIV Prevention, National Center for HIV, Hepatitis, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Tuberculosis Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), Atlanta, GA, United States. FAU - Abuogi, Lisa AU - Abuogi L AD - Department of Pediatrics, Section of Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT07293559 GR - HHSN275201800001C/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States GR - UM1 AI068632/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U01PS005288/ACL/ACL HHS/United States GR - U01 PS005288/PS/NCHHSTP CDC HHS/United States GR - UM1 AI068616/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - UM1 AI106716/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - HHSN275201800001I/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260708 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Reprod Health JT - Frontiers in reproductive health JID - 9918230899006676 PMC - PMC13388547 OTO - NOTNLM OT - breast milk OT - breastfeeding OT - infant exposure to HIV OT - infant feeding OT - lactation OT - perinatal HIV transmission OT - pregnancy OT - woman living with HIV COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/23 06:39 MHDA- 2026/07/23 06:40 PMCR- 2026/07/08 CRDT- 2026/07/23 04:51 PHST- 2026/04/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/23 06:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/23 06:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/23 04:51 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/frph.2026.1856899 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Reprod Health. 2026 Jul 8;8:1856899. doi: 10.3389/frph.2026.1856899. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42487370 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260723 IS - 0975-5764 (Electronic) IS - 0975-5764 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jul 23 TI - CTLA-4 Gene Polymorphism in Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-Control Study. LID - 10.4103/aam.aam_368_26 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relationship between CTLA-4 (+49A/G) polymorphism and pediatric type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The observational case-control study was done for 18 months in 44 children (1-16 years of age), 22 of whom had T1DM and 22 controls, were included. CTLA-4 (+49A/G) gene polymorphism was analyzed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism and validated by Sanger sequencing. Various clinical, anthropometric, and biochemistry variables were documented. RESULTS: The cases and controls were similar in terms of age, gender distribution, family history of diabetes, and consanguinity. The average hemoglobin A1c values were higher in case groups compared to controls (12.41% +/-3.09% vs. 4.21 +/- 0.5%; P < 0.001). The CTLA4 (+49A/G) gene showed higher frequencies of the G/G genotype in cases compared to controls (54.55% vs. 22.73%; P = 0.030), whereas A/A was found to be higher in controls (P = 0.014). The frequency of the G allele in cases (0.66) was higher than in controls (0.32). The G/G genotype showed higher prevalence in the case group at a younger age, and siblings of offspring showed clustering of the G/G genotype. CONCLUSION: In particular, the G/G genotype of the CTLA-4 + 49A/G polymorphism was found to be significantly associated with T1DM in children and to influence the age of onset. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Annals of African Medicine. FAU - Aniketh, Thammineni AU - Aniketh T AD - Department of Pediatrics, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College and Hospital and Research Center, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka, India. FAU - Gobbur, Raghavendra AU - Gobbur R AD - Department of Pediatrics, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College and Hospital and Research Center, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka, India. FAU - Kadakol, Gurushantappa S AU - Kadakol GS AD - Department of Anatomy, Genetics Laboratory, School of Applied Sciences and Technology, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka, India. LA - fre LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260723 PL - India TA - Ann Afr Med JT - Annals of African medicine JID - 101231417 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - +49A/G polymorphism OT - Polymorphisme +49A/G OT - Sanger sequencing OT - diabete sucre de type 1 OT - familial risk OT - genetic susceptibility OT - pediatric OT - pediatrique OT - risque familial OT - susceptibilite genetique OT - sequencage de Sanger OT - type 1 diabetes mellitus EDAT- 2026/07/23 06:39 MHDA- 2026/07/23 06:39 CRDT- 2026/07/23 02:02 PHST- 2026/04/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/23 06:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/23 06:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/23 02:02 [entrez] AID - 01244624-990000000-01068 [pii] AID - 10.4103/aam.aam_368_26 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Ann Afr Med. 2026 Jul 23. doi: 10.4103/aam.aam_368_26. PMID- 42487232 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260723 IS - 2168-6602 (Electronic) IS - 0890-1171 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jul 22 TI - Promoting Active Schools in the United States: A Feasibility Study Applying the Interactive Systems Framework. PG - 8901171261471044 LID - 10.1177/08901171261471044 [doi] AB - PurposeThis feasibility study explored the application of the Interactive Systems Framework for Dissemination and Implementation (ISF) to promote physical activity (PA) in elementary schools, leveraging resources from Active Schools.ApproachA convergent parallel mixed-methods design was used to examine implementation efforts and student PA outcomes.SettingData were collected from eight elementary schools across the United States.ParticipantsThe study included eight Active Schools Champions (physical education teachers) and 371 students.MethodsChampions completed the School Wellness Readiness Assessment (SWRA) and the Comprehensive School Physical Activity Program (CSPAP) Policies and Practices Questionnaire. A survey and interview based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) also captured barriers and facilitators. Concurrently, student PA patterns were assessed using the Youth Activity Profile (YAP).ResultsSchools demonstrated moderate readiness (mean SWRA = 3.7) and implemented an average of 64% of CSPAP best practices. Student PA exceeded national recommendations, averaging 70 minutes per day, with most of this activity occurring during the school day. Organizational barriers, such as a lack of administrative support, were identified.ConclusionThe findings document the successful implementation of CSPAP and provide insights into organizational barriers and facilitators. This study highlights the value of accessible, evidence-based resources and needs assessment tools, while also revealing challenges related to time-intensive professional development and disparities in readiness across different school locales. The results will inform future interventions and resources to promote more equitable PA opportunities. FAU - Ha, Taemin AU - Ha T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2830-9029 AD - Department of Family, Nutrition, and Exercise Sciences, City University of New York-Queens College, New York City, NY, USA. FAU - Stoepker, Peter AU - Stoepker P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1925-5690 AD - School of Health Sciences, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA. RINGGOLD: 5308 FAU - Welk, Gregory AU - Welk G AD - Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA. FAU - Dauenhauer, Brian AU - Dauenhauer B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6766-1178 AD - Department of Kinesiology, Nutrition, and Dietetics, University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, CO, USA. RINGGOLD: 3604 LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260722 PL - United States TA - Am J Health Promot JT - American journal of health promotion : AJHP JID - 8701680 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - physical activity OT - public health OT - school health OT - school system OT - whole-of-school EDAT- 2026/07/23 06:39 MHDA- 2026/07/23 06:39 CRDT- 2026/07/23 00:42 PHST- 2026/07/23 06:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/23 06:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/23 00:42 [entrez] AID - 10.1177/08901171261471044 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Am J Health Promot. 2026 Jul 22:8901171261471044. doi: 10.1177/08901171261471044. PMID- 42487004 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261012 LR - 20261015 IS - 1437-1596 (Electronic) IS - 0937-9827 (Print) IS - 0937-9827 (Linking) VI - 140 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Nov TI - The influence of adjacent anatomical context in tooth staging: observational study of non-cropped vs. cropped radiographs for dental age estimation. PG - 4483-4493 LID - 10.1007/s00414-026-03929-4 [doi] AB - Dental age estimation (DAE) is applicable to forensic/legal and clinical contexts, with the Demirjian staging system being among the most common techniques. However, inter- and intra-observer variability can affect DAE reliability, particularly when evaluating panoramic radiographs influenced by magnification, distortion, and anatomical superimposition. In the staging process, consciously or unconsciously, experts analyze dental development within the available peripheral anatomic features of the tooth and its peripheral region. This study investigated whether isolating teeth as regions of interest (cropped images) influences the reproducibility of Demirjian's stage allocation. An observational cross-sectional study was conducted using 301 panoramic radiographs from subjects aged 7-14 years. Three experienced forensic odontologists independently staged all seven left mandibular teeth (#31-#37) and, when present, also the left mandibular third molar (#38) using the Demirjian's staging system. Each tooth was evaluated twice, two weeks apart, in both full panoramic radiograph and cropped formats. Inter- and intra-observer agreement was assessed using kappa statistics. Intra-observer agreement was above 0.81. Cropped images resulted in only marginal changes, with a slight decrease in stage reproducibility (Delta - 0.017 and - 0.023). Inter-observer agreement was nearly identical between non-cropped (AC2 = 0.985) and cropped images (AC2 = 0.986). A slightly lower proportion of cropped images was assessable by all observers (90.7% vs. 91.7%). Isolating teeth as regions of interest did not meaningfully reduce reproducibility and only small intra-observer decreases were observed and concentrated in the anterior teeth. These findings indicate that, among experienced observers, cropping does not degrade the reliability of Demirjian stage allocation. Future DAE staging systems should consider being more descriptive, including not only tooth-related developmental details, but surrounding information, such as the distance between the analyzed tooth and the occlusal plane and its relationship with adjacent developed teeth. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Angelakopoulos, Nikolaos AU - Angelakopoulos N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8511-4645 AD - Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. AD - Department of Forensic Dentistry, Faculdade Sao Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil. FAU - Boedi, Rizky Merdietio AU - Boedi RM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5045-6773 AD - Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia. AD - Department of Forensic Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia. FAU - De Luca, Stefano AU - De Luca S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1725-0853 AD - Area of Physical Anthropology, Department of Organisms and Systems Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain. lucastefano@uniovi.es. FAU - Vazquez, Israel Soriano AU - Vazquez IS AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-2603-5950 AD - Forensic Odontologist, independent researcher, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Franco, Ademir AU - Franco A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1417-2781 AD - Department of Forensic Dentistry, Faculdade Sao Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260723 PL - Germany TA - Int J Legal Med JT - International journal of legal medicine JID - 9101456 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Age Determination by Teeth/methods MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Mandible MH - Observer Variation MH - *Radiography, Panoramic MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - *Tooth/diagnostic imaging/growth & development PMC - PMC13658412 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Age estimation OT - Demirjian system OT - Dental age OT - Forensic dentistry OT - Image cropping OT - Inter-observer agreement OT - Regions of interest OT - Reliability COIS- Declarations. Ethical approval: This study received ethical approval from the Health Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro (Approval No. 212/EC/KEPK/FK-UNDIP/VIII/2025) The study used fully anonymized, retrospectively collected data from an existing dataset with no direct involvement of human participants. Compliance with ethical standards: The study was carried out following the ethical standards of the Declaration of Helsinki (Finland). Research involving human participants and/or animals: Not applicable. Informed consent: Not applicable. Clinical trial number: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/23 05:36 MHDA- 2026/10/12 17:30 PMCR- 2026/07/23 CRDT- 2026/07/22 23:27 PHST- 2026/06/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/12 17:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/23 05:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/22 23:27 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s00414-026-03929-4 [pii] AID - 3929 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00414-026-03929-4 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Legal Med. 2026 Nov;140(6):4483-4493. doi: 10.1007/s00414-026-03929-4. Epub 2026 Jul 23. PMID- 42486265 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260818 LR - 20260908 IS - 1532-0480 (Electronic) IS - 1532-0464 (Linking) VI - 181 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Predicting healthy weight status from physical activity and dietary intake: A time-aware data mining pipeline. PG - 105083 LID - S1532-0464(26)00107-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jbi.2026.105083 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To develop and evaluate a time-aware data mining pipeline that integrates accelerometry-based Physical Activity (PA), static dietary intake, and sociodemographic factors to predict Healthy Weight Status (HWS), and identify features with predictive importance for HWS. METHODS: We propose TimePAD, Time-Based Physical Activity and Dietary Intake data mining, a three-stage prediction pipeline that integrates time-based PA representations, static dietary intake, and sociodemographic variables to predict HWS categories. Stage 1 derives intensity-specific hourly PA sequences and learns time-of-day PA embeddings using a Transformer encoder trained with masked Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) reconstruction. Stage 2 combines the learnt PA embeddings with static dietary variables and participant characteristics derived from the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Stage 3 trains prediction models and ranks predictors by their predictive importance for HWS. TimePAD was evaluated on a real-world dataset of 206 adolescents (10-16 years) with 7-day continuous wrist-worn accelerometer data, FFQ records, and sociodemographic attributes, using 10-fold cross-validation and comparison to an ARIMA-based feature engineering baseline. RESULTS: TimePAD achieves an accuracy of 82.90% and an F1-score of 67.92% for HWS prediction, outperforming the best baseline (ARIMA-based PA features + diet, 77.51% accuracy). Across experiments, time-of-day light PA (LPA) features were consistently ranked as important predictors. Other key features include time-of-day Moderate-to-Vigorous Activity (MVPA) and Sedentary (SED) levels, Tanner stage, total weekly sleep time, age (in months), weekly fruit intake, weekly vegetable and legume intake, and intake of sugar-sweetened beverages. DISCUSSION: TimePAD contributes a pipeline for learning from the time-of-day structure in wearable PA time series and integrating it with static dietary and contextual data for prediction and feature analysis. The findings suggest that LPA is likely to have a significant association with HWS, calling for further attention and investigation to better understand the role of LPA in overall health outcomes. This illustrates the potential benefits of TimePAD in modelling PA with dietary intake context in shaping healthy behaviours. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Yu, Xiaotong AU - Yu X AD - School of Computer Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2008, Australia. FAU - Kim, Joshua Y AU - Kim JY AD - School of Computer Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2008, Australia. FAU - Wattelez, Guillaume AU - Wattelez G AD - Institute for Societies, Languages and Education, University of New Caledonia, Noumea, 98800, New Caledonia. FAU - Galy, Olivier AU - Galy O AD - Institute for Societies, Languages and Education, University of New Caledonia, Noumea, 98800, New Caledonia. FAU - Caillaud, Corinne AU - Caillaud C AD - Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2008, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2008, Australia. FAU - Yacef, Kalina AU - Yacef K AD - School of Computer Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2008, Australia. Electronic address: kalina.yacef@sydney.edu.au. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260722 PL - United States TA - J Biomed Inform JT - Journal of biomedical informatics JID - 100970413 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Data Mining/methods MH - *Exercise MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Female MH - *Body Weight MH - Male MH - Accelerometry MH - *Diet MH - Prediction Algorithms MH - Predictive Learning Models OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent healthy weight status OT - Multimodal data integration OT - Physical activity OT - Time-series feature learning OT - Wearable sensor data COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/07/23 05:36 MHDA- 2026/08/18 23:36 CRDT- 2026/07/22 19:11 PHST- 2026/01/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/18 23:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/23 05:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/22 19:11 [entrez] AID - S1532-0464(26)00107-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jbi.2026.105083 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Biomed Inform. 2026 Sep;181:105083. doi: 10.1016/j.jbi.2026.105083. Epub 2026 Jul 22. PMID- 42485433 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260722 LR - 20260722 IS - 1946-6242 (Electronic) IS - 1946-6234 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 859 DP - 2026 Jul 22 TI - At-home wearable measurements provide detailed growth charts of infant early gross motor development. PG - eadz7035 LID - 10.1126/scitranslmed.adz7035 [doi] AB - Early gross motor performance is a key component of neurodevelopmental assessments, and longitudinal follow-ups in personalized health care need better objective methods for measuring it. We studied how the detailed characteristics of infants' gross motor development could be modeled with age-normative growth charts. We performed serial at-home measurements (total of 580 measurements, 1227 hours of free playtime) from a cohort of 92 typically developing infants at 4 to 19 months of age, using wearable suits with four movement sensors. A previously developed and validated, fully automated analysis pipeline detected postures and movements at a second-by-second resolution, to be used for deriving 220 detailed motor metrics of postures, movements, transition dynamics, locomotion types, and activity counts. The results showed that early gross motor development is sufficiently stable for constructing robust growth charts, most prominently for modeling evolving postures and their dynamics, and a wide range of motor metrics have sufficient temporal stability to provide reliable individual-level tracking. External validation in a clinical cohort with 39 infants, including participants with both typical and abnormal neurodevelopment, showed that the growth charts were highly generalizable (91% of the studied motor metrics were statistically comparable to those of the normative cohort), and 55% of the motor metrics showed statistical differentiation of abnormal neurodevelopment. These findings indicate that measurements of at-home wearables can provide assessments to meet a wide range of needs in health care and developmental science. FAU - Airaksinen, Manu AU - Airaksinen M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8031-2260 AD - BABA Center, Pediatric Research Center, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, New Children's Hospital and HUS Imaging, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland. AD - Department of Physiology, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland. AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Systemic Ethology and Developmental Science - SEE, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany. FAU - Taylor, Elisa AU - Taylor E AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-3302-5130 AD - BABA Center, Pediatric Research Center, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, New Children's Hospital and HUS Imaging, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland. FAU - Palsa, Taru AU - Palsa T AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-6523-988X AD - BABA Center, Pediatric Research Center, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, New Children's Hospital and HUS Imaging, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland. FAU - de Sena, Sofie AU - de Sena S AD - BABA Center, Pediatric Research Center, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, New Children's Hospital and HUS Imaging, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland. FAU - Haataja, Leena AU - Haataja L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8057-6194 AD - BABA Center, Pediatric Research Center, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, New Children's Hospital and HUS Imaging, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland. AD - Department of Pediatric Neurology, Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland. FAU - Vanhatalo, Sampsa AU - Vanhatalo S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9771-7061 AD - BABA Center, Pediatric Research Center, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, New Children's Hospital and HUS Imaging, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland. AD - Department of Physiology, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260722 PL - United States TA - Sci Transl Med JT - Science translational medicine JID - 101505086 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - *Wearable Electronic Devices MH - *Child Development/physiology MH - Female MH - *Growth Charts MH - Male MH - Posture/physiology MH - Movement/physiology EDAT- 2026/07/22 18:37 MHDA- 2026/07/22 18:38 CRDT- 2026/07/22 14:02 PHST- 2026/07/22 18:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/22 18:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/22 14:02 [entrez] AID - 10.1126/scitranslmed.adz7035 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Sci Transl Med. 2026 Jul 22;18(859):eadz7035. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adz7035. Epub 2026 Jul 22. PMID- 42485298 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260722 LR - 20260813 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 7 DP - 2026 TI - The relationship between fat talk and body image in Chinese female nursing students: The mediating role of self-acceptance. PG - e0351756 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0351756 [doi] LID - e0351756 AB - OBJECTIVE: This study examined whether self-acceptance mediates the relationship between fat talk and body image among Chinese female nursing students, a group under high appearance pressure. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1,280 female nursing students from five medical universities in Henan Province, China, Participants were recruited from randomly selected classes, and questionnaires were distributed in person via QR codes.. Participants completed validated scales measuring fat talk (Fat Talk Scale), self-acceptance (Self-Acceptance Questionnaire), and body image (Body Image States Scale). Data were analyzed using correlation and mediation analysis (PROCESS macro, Model 4) with bootstrapping. RESULTS: Fat talk was positively correlated with both self-acceptance (r = 0.543, p < 0.001) and body image (r = 0.344, p < 0.001). Self-acceptance was also positively correlated with body image (r = 0.457, p < 0.001). After controlling for "relationship status, grade, only child status, and BMI,Mediation analysis revealed a significant indirect effect of fat talk on body image through self-acceptance (effect = 0.174, 95% CI [0.132, 0.222]), accounting for 57.80% of the total effect (total effect = 0.301). The direct effect remained significant (effect = 0.127, 95% CI [0.032, 0.222]).The standardized indirect effect (beta = 0.080) indicates a small-to-moderate effect size. CONCLUSION: Among Chinese female nursing students, engaging in fat talk conversations is associated with a more positive body image. Self-acceptance accounting for 57.80% of the total effect, though the standardized indirect effect (beta = 0.080) suggests a small-to-moderate effect size. This finding highlights the importance of cultural and contextual factors in shaping body discourse and suggests that fostering supportive communication environments and self-acceptance could be beneficial in this population. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Wang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Wang, Fengxia AU - Wang F AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-6173-1628 AD - Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan, China. FAU - Wang, Yuxiao AU - Wang Y AD - Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan, China. FAU - Wang, Yufan AU - Wang Y AD - Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan, China. FAU - Yang, Qihao AU - Yang Q AD - Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan, China. FAU - Qiu, Ju AU - Qiu J AD - Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan, China. FAU - Li, Jinyan AU - Li J AD - Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan, China. FAU - Liu, Meng AU - Liu M AD - Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan, China. FAU - Wang, Xiaowei AU - Wang X AD - Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan, China. FAU - Li, Li AU - Li L AD - Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan, China. FAU - Xia, Xichao AU - Xia X AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7836-8110 AD - Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260722 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 RN - Chinese people SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Body Image/psychology MH - *Students, Nursing/psychology MH - China MH - *Self Concept MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Young Adult MH - Adult MH - Body Satisfaction MH - East Asian People PMC - PMC13390842 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/07/22 18:37 MHDA- 2026/07/22 18:38 PMCR- 2026/07/22 CRDT- 2026/07/22 13:33 PHST- 2026/01/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/22 18:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/22 18:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/22 13:33 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-25-68898 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0351756 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 Jul 22;21(7):e0351756. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0351756. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42484163 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260722 LR - 20260722 IS - 1678-2690 (Electronic) IS - 0001-3765 (Linking) VI - 98 IP - 2 DP - 2026 TI - Analysis of Digital Phenotype for Classification of Self-Reported Anxiety. PG - e20250023 LID - S0001-37652026000202604 [pii] LID - 10.1590/0001-3765202620250023 [doi] AB - Digital phenotypes are behavioral patterns inferred from digital data, which have significantly contributed to eHealth research. Machine learning has proven effective in tracking these patterns; however, psychophysiological variables are still underutilized in identifying digital phenotypes. The objective of this study was to test the machine learning algorithms XGBoost, AdaBoost, RFC, and GaussianNB in classifying digital phenotypes of severe anxiety. Data from 360 volunteers, aged between 18 and 68 years of both sexes, were collected through self-report scales via the Neuropesquisa app, which simultaneously captured psychophysiological data, such as response time, accelerometer, and gyroscope readings. Scores from the DAAS-21 scale were used to identify individuals with severe anxiety. The results indicated that all four algorithms detected the digital phenotype with an accuracy greater than 75%. The RFC and GaussianNB classifiers achieved the highest accuracies, 81.48% and 80.56%, respectively, with f1 scores of 44.4% and 60.38%, and AUCs of 79% and 83% on the ROC curves. We conclude that the GaussianNB algorithm was the most effective in predicting the digital phenotype of severe anxiety. FAU - Meneses, Danilo A DE AU - Meneses DA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1062-3549 AD - Universidade Federal da Paraiba, Centro de Ciencias Humanas, Letras e Artes, Programa de Pos-graduacao em Neurociencia Cognitiva e Comportamento, Cidade Universitaria, Campus I, Castelo Branco, 58051-900 Joao Pessoa, PB, Brazil. FAU - Bonato, Luiggi A B AU - Bonato LAB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4068-2611 AD - Centro Universitario de Joao Pessoa, Department of Computer Science, Rodovia BR-230, Km 22, Agua Fria, 58053-000 Joao Pessoa, PB, Brazil. FAU - Meneses, Douglas A DE AU - Meneses DA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6406-1361 AD - Centro Universitario de Joao Pessoa, Department of Computer Science, Rodovia BR-230, Km 22, Agua Fria, 58053-000 Joao Pessoa, PB, Brazil. FAU - Tavares, Joel Jonathan C AU - Tavares JJC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9634-4884 AD - Universidade Federal da Paraiba, Centro de Ciencias Humanas, Letras e Artes, Programa de Pos-graduacao em Neurociencia Cognitiva e Comportamento, Cidade Universitaria, Campus I, Castelo Branco, 58051-900 Joao Pessoa, PB, Brazil. FAU - Lopez, Luiz Carlos S AU - Lopez LCS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9983-5563 AD - Universidade Federal da Paraiba, Centro de Ciencias Humanas, Letras e Artes, Programa de Pos-graduacao em Neurociencia Cognitiva e Comportamento, Cidade Universitaria, Campus I, Castelo Branco, 58051-900 Joao Pessoa, PB, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260720 PL - Brazil TA - An Acad Bras Cienc JT - Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias JID - 7503280 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Classification Algorithms MH - Phenotype MH - Male MH - *Self Report MH - Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Middle Aged MH - *Anxiety/classification MH - Young Adult MH - Aged MH - *Machine Learning MH - Boosting Machine Learning Algorithms MH - Algorithms MH - ROC Curve EDAT- 2026/07/22 12:37 MHDA- 2026/07/22 12:38 CRDT- 2026/07/22 08:46 PHST- 2025/01/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/11/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/22 12:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/22 12:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/22 08:46 [entrez] AID - S0001-37652026000202604 [pii] AID - 10.1590/0001-3765202620250023 [doi] PST - epublish SO - An Acad Bras Cienc. 2026 Jul 20;98(2):e20250023. doi: 10.1590/0001-3765202620250023. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42483876 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260722 IS - 1533-4287 (Electronic) IS - 1064-8011 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jul 22 TI - Assessing Consumer-Grade BIA for Minimum Wrestling Weight Determination in Boys High School Wrestling. LID - 10.1519/JSC.0000000000005601 [doi] AB - Jagim, AR, Twohey, E, Fields, JB, Shepler, C, and Jones, MT. Assessing consumer-grade BIA for minimum wrestling weight determination in boys high school wrestling. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2026-Preseason weight certification in high school wrestling requires valid assessment of body fat percentage to calculate a minimum wrestling weight (MWW). Although skinfold (SKF) thickness is the standard method, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) devices are widely used in school settings. The current study evaluated differences in body fat percentage (BF%), MWW, and resultant minimum weight class (MWC) between SKF and a consumer-grade multifrequency BIA (MFBIA) device. Thirty-six high school male wrestlers completed hydration assessment, weigh-in, SKF testing via a three-site model, and MFBIA assessment during a single afternoon session. Body fat percentage, fat-free mass (FFM), MWW, and resulting MWC were calculated according to state-sanctioned weight certification protocols. Estimates of BF% were higher for SKFBF% compared with the MFBIA% (SKF: 12.9 +/- 4.5%; MFBIA: 10.9 +/- 5.5%; p < 0.001), resulting in a mean difference of -2.1 +/- 3.2% (95% CI: -3.1 to -0.9). Skinfold-derived values were lower for MWW (SKF: 62.1 +/- 8.9 kg; MFBIA: 63.8 +/- 10.3 kg; p < 0.001) and FFM (SKF: 57.3 +/- 8.6 kg; MFBIA: 59.3 +/- 9.7 kg; p < 0.001) compared with MFBIA-derived values. This resulted in a mean difference of -1.7 +/- 2.4 kg (95% CI: -2.4 to -0.9) and -2.1 (95% CI: -2.76 to -1.2) for MWW and FFM, respectively. Approximately 56% of athletes (n = 20) were assigned to different MWCs depending on the method used. Although group-level %BF and MWW values were similar, the observed individual-level discrepancies indicate that the current consumer-grade MFBIA device should not be used interchangeably with the state-sanctioned SKF method for weight certification, and that BIA devices intended for regulatory use should be validated against the mandated field method or a laboratory-based criterion measure. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 National Strength and Conditioning Association. FAU - Jagim, Andrew R AU - Jagim AR AD - Exercise and Sport Science Department, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse, La Crosse, Wisconsin. FAU - Twohey, Eric AU - Twohey E AD - Sports Medicine, Olmsted Medical Center, Rochester, Minnesota. FAU - Fields, Jennifer B AU - Fields JB AD - Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut. FAU - Shepler, Christian AU - Shepler C AD - School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin; and. FAU - Jones, Margaret T AU - Jones MT AD - Sport, Recreation, and Tourism Management, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260722 PL - United States TA - J Strength Cond Res JT - Journal of strength and conditioning research JID - 9415084 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - athlete safety OT - bioelectrical impedance, wrestling, combat sports OT - body composition OT - weight certification EDAT- 2026/07/22 12:37 MHDA- 2026/07/22 12:37 CRDT- 2026/07/22 05:43 PHST- 2026/07/22 12:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/22 12:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/22 05:43 [entrez] AID - 00124278-990000000-01137 [pii] AID - 10.1519/JSC.0000000000005601 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - J Strength Cond Res. 2026 Jul 22. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000005601. PMID- 42483753 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260722 LR - 20260722 IS - 2040-1752 (Electronic) IS - 2040-1744 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 Jul 22 TI - Relative fat mass and myopia in adolescents: a cross-sectional study using NHANES data. PG - e33 LID - 10.1017/S204017442610066X [doi] AB - Adolescence is a peak period for myopia onset, which is closely related to environmental and lifestyle factors. Relative fat mass (RFM), a novel indicator of body fat, provides a more precise measure of adiposity. However, its relationship with myopia in adolescents remains poorly understood. To probe the connection between RFM and myopia in adolescents, this study included 8746 adolescents aged 12-19 years, utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2008). Myopia was defined as a spherical equivalent (SE) perceived family support --> self-efficacy --> physical exercise behavior" was only significant in nuclear families. CONCLUSION: This study reveals the internal mechanism and boundary conditions of the family sports environment influencing junior high school students' physical exercise behavior, and provides theoretical references and practical suggestions for families, schools and communities to jointly construct a sports support network and improve adolescents' physical exercise behavior. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Zhang, Zhou, Wu, Ren and Fang. FAU - Zhang, Tingxiao AU - Zhang T AD - School of Physical Education, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China. FAU - Zhou, Wenlan AU - Zhou W AD - School of Physical Education, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China. FAU - Wu, Qi AU - Wu Q AD - School of Physical Education, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China. FAU - Ren, Wanyang AU - Ren W AD - School of Physical Education, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China. FAU - Fang, Yuxiang AU - Fang Y AD - School of Physical Education, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260707 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Psychol JT - Frontiers in psychology JID - 101550902 PMC - PMC13386413 OTO - NOTNLM OT - family sports environment OT - junior high school students OT - perceived family support OT - physical exercise behavior OT - self-efficacy OT - the chain mediating effect COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/22 12:37 MHDA- 2026/07/22 12:38 PMCR- 2026/07/07 CRDT- 2026/07/22 04:24 PHST- 2026/03/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/22 12:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/22 12:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/22 04:24 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1821116 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Psychol. 2026 Jul 7;17:1821116. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1821116. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42482093 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261021 LR - 20261023 IS - 1750-1172 (Electronic) IS - 1750-1172 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 21 TI - Eating behaviour phenotype in the MYT1L-related neurodevelopmental disorder: a deep phenotyping study using standardized questionnaires. LID - 10.1186/s13023-026-04497-x [doi] LID - 368 AB - BACKGROUND: The MYT1L-related neurodevelopmental disorder (MRND) is associated with global motor and language delay, intellectual disability, behavioural disturbances, epilepsy and frequent early-onset obesity. Eating disturbances have been reported but remain poorly characterized. A systematic characterization of the eating behaviour phenotype is essential to improve diagnosis and management. METHODS: We conducted a multicentre study including 21 French-speaking individuals with a molecularly confirmed MRND and either overweight/obesity or eating behaviour disturbances. Eating behaviours were reported by relatives using validated questionnaires widely employed in rare obesity research: the Dykens Hyperphagia Questionnaire (HQ), the Trousseau Impulsivity Questionnaire, the Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ), the Food Cravings Questionnaire-Trait-reduced (FCQ-T-r, adults only), and a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for hunger. When available, questionnaire results were compared with published studies using the same instruments. RESULTS: Persistent hyperphagic behaviours were identified in the majority of patients, with the HQ questionnaire highlighting sustained food-seeking behaviours and pervasive food preoccupation. The mean global score was 25.9, indicating a moderate yet sustained hyperphagic profile. CEBQ revealed a strong attraction to food combined with reduced satiety responsiveness and rapid eating. Hunger was reported as persistent throughout the day. In children food impulsivity was less frequent (5/14; 36%) and no correlation was found between impulsivity and hyperphagia severity, contrasting with findings in other obesity syndromes. Among adults, 62.5% had scores suggestive of food addiction (FCQ-T-r >/= 50). CONCLUSION: This study delineates an eating behaviour profile in a symptom-enriched subgroup of individuals with MRND, characterized by moderate but sustained hyperphagia, persistent hunger, impaired satiety, low food-related impulsivity in children but frequent food craving/addiction in adults. These findings support early, age-adapted and multidisciplinary management strategies and highlight the need for targeted interventions to reduce the burden on affected individuals and families. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Coursimault, Juliette AU - Coursimault J AD - Department of Genetics and Reference Center for Developmental Disorders, Univ Rouen Normandie, Normandie Univ, Inserm U1245 and CHU Rouen, Rouen, F-76000, France. j.coursimault@chu-rouen.fr. FAU - Guillon, Emilie AU - Guillon E AD - Nutrition Department, Reference Center for Rare Diseases PRADORT, Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Paris, Pitie-Salpetriere Hospital, Paris, France. AD - Sorbonne Universite, Inserm, Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approaches, NutriOmique Research Group, Paris, France. FAU - Lecoquierre, Francois AU - Lecoquierre F AD - Department of Genetics and Reference Center for Developmental Disorders, Univ Rouen Normandie, Normandie Univ, Inserm U1245 and CHU Rouen, Rouen, F-76000, France. FAU - Charbonnier, Camille AU - Charbonnier C AD - Department of Genetics and Reference Center for Developmental Disorders, Univ Rouen Normandie, Normandie Univ, Inserm U1245 and CHU Rouen, Rouen, F-76000, France. FAU - Guerrot, Anne-Marie AU - Guerrot AM AD - Department of Genetics and Reference Center for Developmental Disorders, Univ Rouen Normandie, Normandie Univ, Inserm U1245 and CHU Rouen, Rouen, F-76000, France. FAU - Goldenberg, Alice AU - Goldenberg A AD - Department of Genetics and Reference Center for Developmental Disorders, Univ Rouen Normandie, Normandie Univ, Inserm U1245 and CHU Rouen, Rouen, F-76000, France. FAU - Nicolas, Gael AU - Nicolas G AD - Department of Genetics and Reference Center for Developmental Disorders, Univ Rouen Normandie, Normandie Univ, Inserm U1245 and CHU Rouen, Rouen, F-76000, France. FAU - Schaefer, Elise AU - Schaefer E AD - Service de Genetique Medicale, Institut de Genetique Medicale d'Alsace (IGMA), Hopitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France. FAU - Ayrolles, Anael AU - Ayrolles A AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, APHP.Nord, Robert Debre University Hospital, Paris Cite University, Paris, France. FAU - Delorme, Richard AU - Delorme R AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, APHP.Nord, Robert Debre University Hospital, Paris Cite University, Paris, France. FAU - Riccardi, Florence AU - Riccardi F AD - Genetique Medicale, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal Toulon - La Seyne- sur-Mer, Toulon, France. FAU - Grelet, Maude AU - Grelet M AD - Genetique Medicale, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal Toulon - La Seyne- sur-Mer, Toulon, France. FAU - Caumes, Roseline AU - Caumes R AD - Universite de Lille, CHU de Lille, Clinique de Genetique <>, EA7364 RADEMEF-59000, Lille, France. FAU - Nizon, Mathilde AU - Nizon M AD - Service de Genetique Medicale, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France. FAU - Isidor, Bertrand AU - Isidor B AD - Service de Genetique Medicale, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France. FAU - Jouret, Guillaume AU - Jouret G AD - National Center of Genetics (NCG), Laboratoire National de Sante (LNS), Dudelange, L- 3555, Luxembourg. FAU - Rooryck, Caroline AU - Rooryck C AD - Univ. Bordeaux, MRGM INSERM U1211, CHU de Bordeaux, Service de Genetique Medicale, Bordeaux, F-33000, France. FAU - Amiel, Jeanne AU - Amiel J AD - Service de Medecine Genomique des Maladies Rares, Hopital Necker- Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Paris, France. FAU - Alaix, Anne-Sophie AU - Alaix AS AD - Service de Medecine Genomique des Maladies Rares, Hopital Necker- Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Paris, France. FAU - Morel, Victor AU - Morel V AD - Department of Medical Genetics, La Timone Hospital, AP-HM, La Timone Children's Hospital, Marseille, France. FAU - Jacquinet, Adeline AU - Jacquinet A AD - Department of Genetics, Sart Tilman University Hospital, Liege, Belgium. FAU - Mignot, Cyril AU - Mignot C AD - Departement de Genetique, Groupe Hospitalier Pitie-Salpetriere-Hopital Trousseau Centre de Reference Deficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares, APHP.Sorbonne Universite, Paris, France. FAU - Faivre, Laurence AU - Faivre L AD - Universite Bourgogne Europe, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Inserm, CTM UMR1231, equipe GAD, FHU TRANSLAD, Centre de genetique, Centre de reference Anomalies du Developpement et Syndromes Malformatifs, Centre de reference Deficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares, et Centre de reference GenoPsy, Dijon, 21000, France. FAU - Fraile-Caietta, Emilie AU - Fraile-Caietta E AD - Service de pediatrie, Centre Hospitalier de Toulon, Toulon, France. FAU - Chalopin, Sarah AU - Chalopin S AD - Nutrition Department, Reference Center for Rare Diseases PRADORT, Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Paris, Pitie-Salpetriere Hospital, Paris, France. AD - Sorbonne Universite, Inserm, Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approaches, NutriOmique Research Group, Paris, France. FAU - Dubern, Beatrice AU - Dubern B AD - Sorbonne Universite, Inserm, Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approaches, NutriOmique Research Group, Paris, France. AD - Nutrition and Gastroenterology Department, Reference Center for Rare Diseases PRADORT, Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Paris, Trousseau Hospital, Paris, France. FAU - Poitou, Christine AU - Poitou C AD - Nutrition Department, Reference Center for Rare Diseases PRADORT, Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Paris, Pitie-Salpetriere Hospital, Paris, France. AD - Sorbonne Universite, Inserm, Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approaches, NutriOmique Research Group, Paris, France. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study DEP - 20260721 PL - England TA - Orphanet J Rare Dis JT - Orphanet journal of rare diseases JID - 101266602 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Feeding Behavior/physiology MH - *Neurodevelopmental Disorders/genetics/physiopathology/metabolism MH - Child MH - Male MH - Phenotype MH - Adult MH - Hyperphagia/genetics MH - Child, Preschool MH - Adolescent MH - Obesity/genetics MH - Feeding and Eating Disorders/genetics MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC13685170 OTO - NOTNLM OT - MYT1L haploinsufficiency OT - 2p25.3 deletion OT - Deep phenotypic characterization OT - Dykens OT - Eating behaviours OT - Rare disease OT - Standardized questionnaires OT - Syndromic obesity COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: All patients gave their consent to participate in the study. This study expands on the 2022 cohort published by Coursimault et al., approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Rouen University Hospital (CERDE, Comite d'Ethique pour la Recherche sur Donnees Existantes et Hors Loi Jarde, Rouen, France) (notification n degrees 69-2020). Some patients were included as part of the French Rare Obesity Cohorts With Food Behavioural Disorders: Better Diagnosis for Better Treatment (ObeRare) cohort (NCT04604626). Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: JC has nothing to disclose. All other collaborators do not have anything to disclose. BD has nothing to disclose. Rhythm Pharmaceuticals provided financial support for data entry in the ObeRar database but had no role in the scientific aspects of the study, including data analysis, results, or their interpretation. EDAT- 2026/07/22 12:37 MHDA- 2026/10/21 05:32 PMCR- 2026/07/21 CRDT- 2026/07/21 23:50 PHST- 2026/10/21 05:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/22 12:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/21 23:50 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s13023-026-04497-x [pii] AID - 4497 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s13023-026-04497-x [doi] PST - epublish SO - Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2026 Jul 21;21(1):368. doi: 10.1186/s13023-026-04497-x. PMID- 42481992 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261020 LR - 20261022 IS - 1471-2431 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2431 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 21 TI - Targeting childhood malaria: insights from multi-country DHS data in Sub-Saharan Africa. LID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07245-z [doi] LID - 1021 AB - BACKGROUND: Malaria remains a major public health challenge in sub-Saharan Africa, disproportionately affecting children under five and pregnant women. Understanding the socio-demographic and maternal determinants of malaria across multiple countries is critical for designing targeted interventions such as Targeted Drug Administration (TDA), Perennial Malaria Chemoprevention (PMC), Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention (SMC), Vector Control and Epidemiological Mapping. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and determinants of malaria infection among children under five across seven sub-Saharan African countries and to identify country-specific risk factors. METHODS: A cross-sectional analytical study used secondary data from the most recent Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS-8) for Burkina Faso, Cote d'Ivoire, Kenya, Mozambique, Senegal, Tanzania, and for Cameroon, Malaria Indicator Surveys (MIS-8) was used. Two outcome measures were defined: malaria infection based on rapid diagnostic test (RDT) results (five countries: Burkina Faso, Cote d'Ivoire, Mozambique, Tanzania and Cameroon) and maternal self-report (seven countries: Burkina Faso, Cote d'Ivoire, Kenya, Mozambique, Senegal, Tanzania and Cameroon). The data were analyzed using Stata/SE 17.0 and the analytic samples included 20,323 mother-child pairs for RDT analysis and 12,457 for self-reported analysis. The study examined socio-demographic and maternal characteristics, including residence, wealth index, education, parity, body mass index (BMI), and pregnancy status. Analyses incorporated sampling weights and survey design. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and country-specific multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify independent predictors. RESULTS: Malaria prevalence was higher by self-report (33.5%) than by RDT diagnosis (25.2%), with consistently higher self-reported estimates across Tanzania (31.7% vs. 6.9%), Burkina Faso (58.3% vs. 27.4%), and Cote d'Ivoire (47.1% vs. 36.9%). RDT-confirmed malaria showed stronger and more consistent associations with key risk factors, including rural residence (in Burkina Faso aOR = 3.58, in Cote d'Ivoire aOR = 3.64, in Mozambique aOR = 5.74, in Tanzania aOR = 12.70; all p < 0.001), wealth status has lower malaria risk (richest quintile: Burkina Faso aOR = 0.43, Cote d'Ivoire aOR = 0.26, Mozambique aOR = 0.14, Tanzania aOR = 0.27), and while pregnancy status has significant risk (in Burkina Faso p = 0.008, in Cote d'Ivoire p = 0.005, in Cameroon p = 0.006, and in Mozambique p < 0.001), compared with weaker and sometimes inconsistent self-reported associations. The RDT- malaria diagnosis produced more plausible and statistically robust associations (in Mozambique age 25-34: aOR = 1.32, p = 0.040; in Burkina Faso parity two births: aOR = 1.33, p < 0.001), whereas self-reported malaria showed weaker or contradictory effects suggesting potential misclassification and reporting bias in self-reported diagnosis. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that important methodological and epidemiological differences exist between self-reported malaria and malaria RDT diagnosis across sub-Saharan African countries. Self-reported malaria showed overestimated malaria prevalence and produced weaker and less consistent associations with established risk factors, indicating limited reliability for identifying true malaria infection patterns. In contrast, malaria RDT diagnosis generated more coherent and epidemiologically plausible associations with rural residence, socioeconomic status, nutritional status, and pregnancy, reflecting more accurately the biological and environmental determinants of malaria transmission. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Konja, Benjamin Akwasi AU - Konja BA AD - Biomedical and Clinical Research Centre, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana. FAU - Agyapong, Nana Ama Frimpomaa AU - Agyapong NAF AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana. FAU - Ocran, Emmanuel Kweku AU - Ocran EK AD - Biomedical and Clinical Research Centre, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana. FAU - Anyimadu, Gloria AU - Anyimadu G AD - Biomedical and Clinical Research Centre, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana. FAU - Agyapong, Livingstone AU - Agyapong L AD - Biomedical and Clinical Research Centre, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana. FAU - Asare, Kwame Kumi AU - Asare KK AD - Biomedical and Clinical Research Centre, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana. kwame.asare@ucc.edu.gh. AD - Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana. kwame.asare@ucc.edu.gh. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260721 PL - England TA - BMC Pediatr JT - BMC pediatrics JID - 100967804 RN - 0 (Antimalarials) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - Infant MH - Prevalence MH - *Malaria/epidemiology/prevention & control/diagnosis MH - Child, Preschool MH - Risk Factors MH - Male MH - Africa South of the Sahara/epidemiology MH - Adult MH - Secondary Data Analysis MH - Pregnancy MH - Health Surveys MH - Antimalarials/therapeutic use MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC13681905 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Children under five OT - DHS OT - Malaria OT - Multi-country analysis OT - Socio-demographic determinants OT - Sub-Saharan Africa COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The DHS surveys obtain ethical approval from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of ICF and relevant national ethics committees in participating countries. Informed consent is obtained from all respondents prior to participation. This study utilized publicly available, de-identified secondary data obtained from the DHS Program upon formal request and approval. As the data contain no personal identifiers, additional ethical approval was not required for this secondary analysis. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/22 12:37 MHDA- 2026/10/20 05:30 PMCR- 2026/07/21 CRDT- 2026/07/21 23:45 PHST- 2026/03/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/20 05:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/22 12:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/21 23:45 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07245-z [pii] AID - 7245 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07245-z [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pediatr. 2026 Jul 21;26(1):1021. doi: 10.1186/s12887-026-07245-z. PMID- 42478984 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260721 LR - 20260820 IS - 1221-9118 (Print) IS - 1221-9118 (Linking) VI - 121 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Anatomical and Molecular Insights into Sarcopenia in Liver Cirrhosis: A CT-Based and Biomarker Case-Control Study. PG - 309-320 LID - 8 [pii] LID - 10.21614/chirurgia.3325 [doi] AB - Background: Sarcopenia is a common complication and an important negative prognostic factor in patients with liver cirrhosis, being associated with reduced muscle mass and function, as well as increased mortality. Although computed tomography (CT) is considered the gold standard for assessing muscle mass, there is growing interest in identifying serum biomarkers that may facilitate the early diagnosis and monitoring of disease progression. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of osteonectin, the C-terminal agrin fragment (CAF), the N-terminal propeptide of type III procollagen (P3NP), and myostatin in patients with liver cirrhosis and sarcopenia, in correlation with CT-derived imaging parameters. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational caseacontrol study was conducted, including 60 participants: 30 patients with liver cirrhosis (with or without hepatocellular carcinoma) and sarcopenia, and 30 healthy control subjects. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2) criteria, using the skeletal muscle index (SMI) and psoas muscle index (PMI) measured by computed tomography. Serum concentrations of osteonectin, CAF, P3NP, and myostatin were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Statistical analyses included parametric and non-parametric tests, as well as Pearson correlation analysis. Results: Patients with liver cirrhosis and sarcopenia exhibited significantly higher serum levels of osteonectin, CAF, P3NP, and myostatin compared with healthy controls (p 0.001 for all comparisons). The skeletal muscle index was significantly lower in cirrhotic patients, confirming the presence of muscle wasting. Correlation analysis demonstrated positive associations between osteonectin and CAF (r = 0.441, p 0.001), osteonectin and P3NP (r = 0.313, p = 0.016), osteonectin and myostatin (r = 0.444, p 0.001), as well as a strong correlation between CAF and myostatin (r = 0.882, p 0.001). No significant associations were observed between biomarker levels and viral etiology or ChildaPugh class. Conclusions: Simultaneous assessment of osteonectin, CAF, P3NP, and myostatin, combined with computed tomography-based imaging evaluation, may improve the diagnosis of sarcopenia associated with liver cirrhosis and facilitate the early identification of patients at increased risk of muscle deterioration. Larger multicenter prospective studies are warranted to validate the clinical utility of these biomarkers in routine medical practice. CI - Celsius. FAU - Gherghescu, Costel-George AU - Gherghescu CG FAU - Baz, Radu Andrei AU - Baz RA FAU - Dina, Constantin AU - Dina C FAU - Dumitru, Andrei AU - Dumitru A FAU - Cozaru, Georgeta Camelia AU - Cozaru GC FAU - Manea, Mihaela AU - Manea M FAU - Popescu, Ioana AU - Popescu I FAU - Grigorescu, Ana-Maria AU - Grigorescu AM FAU - Popescu, Stere AU - Popescu S FAU - Dumitru, Eugen AU - Dumitru E LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study PL - Romania TA - Chirurgia (Bucur) JT - Chirurgia (Bucharest, Romania : 1990) JID - 9213031 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Procollagen) RN - 0 (Osteonectin) RN - 0 (procollagen Type III-N-terminal peptide) RN - 0 (Myostatin) RN - 0 (Peptide Fragments) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Sarcopenia/blood/etiology/diagnosis/diagnostic imaging MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Liver Cirrhosis/complications/blood MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Prospective Studies MH - Procollagen/blood MH - *Tomography, X-Ray Computed MH - Osteonectin/blood MH - Middle Aged MH - Aged MH - *Myostatin/blood MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - *Peptide Fragments/blood MH - Prognosis MH - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay MH - Sensitivity and Specificity MH - Disease Progression OTO - NOTNLM OT - C-terminalagrinfragment OT - P3NP OT - biomarkers OT - computedtomography OT - fibrosis OT - livercirrhosis OT - musclewasting OT - myostatin OT - osteonectin OT - sarcopenia EDAT- 2026/07/21 12:35 MHDA- 2026/07/21 12:36 CRDT- 2026/07/21 10:13 PHST- 2026/06/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/21 12:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/21 12:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/21 10:13 [entrez] AID - 8 [pii] AID - 10.21614/chirurgia.3325 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Chirurgia (Bucur). 2026 Jun;121(3):309-320. doi: 10.21614/chirurgia.3325. PMID- 42478861 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260721 IS - 1945-7197 (Electronic) IS - 0021-972X (Linking) DP - 2026 Jul 21 TI - Temporal stability of cardiometabolic risk factors from the perspective of primordial disease prevention in children. LID - dgag285 [pii] LID - 10.1210/clinem/dgag285 [doi] AB - CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Excess adiposity and circulating lipoprotein lipids in childhood are predictive of cardiometabolic disease in adulthood. We analysed temporal tracking for body mass and lipid biomarkers using population-based time-series to assess the statistical feasibility of primordial prediction and prevention. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS: Individuals born between 1962-1992 were included from four European local community cohorts. Serial measurements of weight, height, waist and lipoprotein lipids were analysed for 12,212 participants (ages 5-49 years, follow-ups 15-31 years depending on cohort). Longitudinal tracking was quantified by autocorrelation R2 over the same individuals between any two visits in the series; the weakening of R2(Deltat) with increasing follow-up time was modelled by exponential decay. RESULTS: Based on the decay model, we calculated autocorrelation for two surveys fifteen years apart as a simplified tracking indicator: R2(15) = 35.7% for body-mass index, R2(15) = 28.1% for waist-height ratio and R2(15) = 32.5% for low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. Total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were comparable to LDL cholesterol. Triglycerides exhibited weak tracking. The detection rate (DR5) at 5% false positive rate (FPR) of children who were in the top risk decile as adults was DR5(15) = 38.9% for body mass index and DR5(15) = 30.9% for LDL cholesterol. CONCLUSIONS: Individualised biomarker screening at low FPR misclassifies the majority of children who will have high values as adults (low statistical feasibility). Biomarker tracking is more useful for guiding broad population-based primordial prevention programmes that can be extended to all children at risk without harm from false positives. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Endocrine Society. FAU - Makinen, Ville-Petteri AU - Makinen VP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7262-2656 AD - Systems Epidemiology, Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland. AD - Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland. FAU - Kahonen, Mika AU - Kahonen M AD - Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland. AD - Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland. FAU - Lehtimaki, Terho AU - Lehtimaki T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2555-4427 AD - Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland. AD - Department of Clinical Chemistry, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland. AD - Fimlab Laboratories, Pirkanmaa Hospital District, Finland. FAU - Hutri, Nina AU - Hutri N AD - Tampere Centre for Skills Training and Simulation, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland. FAU - Ronnemaa, Tapani AU - Ronnemaa T AD - Department of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. AD - Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland. FAU - Viikari, Jorma AU - Viikari J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6452-010X AD - Department of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. AD - Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland. FAU - Pahkala, Katja AU - Pahkala K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9338-4397 AD - Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. AD - Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland. AD - Paavo Nurmi Centre, Unit of Health and Physical Activity, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. FAU - Rovio, Suvi AU - Rovio S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0911-7478 AD - Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. AD - Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland. AD - Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland. FAU - Niinikoski, Harri AU - Niinikoski H AD - Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. AD - Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland. AD - Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. AD - Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. FAU - Mykkanen, Juha AU - Mykkanen J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9898-2660 AD - Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. AD - Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland. FAU - Raitakari, Olli AU - Raitakari O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9365-3702 AD - Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. AD - Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland. AD - Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital. AD - InFLAMES Research Flagship, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. FAU - Ala-Korpela, Mika AU - Ala-Korpela M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5905-1206 AD - Systems Epidemiology, Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland. AD - Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland. AD - NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260721 PL - United States TA - J Clin Endocrinol Metab JT - The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism JID - 0375362 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - cardiovascular risk OT - disease prevention OT - lipid tracking OT - longitudinal OT - obesity EDAT- 2026/07/21 12:35 MHDA- 2026/07/21 12:35 CRDT- 2026/07/21 09:22 PHST- 2026/04/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/21 12:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/21 12:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/21 09:22 [entrez] AID - 8739136 [pii] AID - 10.1210/clinem/dgag285 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2026 Jul 21:dgag285. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgag285. PMID- 42477665 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261015 LR - 20261017 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 21 TI - Potassium intake assessed by dietary recall and urinary excretion in young South African adults: findings from the African-PREDICT study. LID - 10.1186/s12889-026-28605-5 [doi] LID - 2973 AB - BACKGROUND: South Africa has strong public health initiatives targeting salt reduction, yet population-level evidence and strategies regarding potassium intake remain limited. This gap is important given the role of potassium in mitigating sodium-related increases in blood pressure and cardiovascular disease risk. This study assessed potassium intake using dietary and urinary measures in young adults from the African-PREDICT study. METHODS: Potassium intake was estimated using three 24-hour dietary recalls and a single 24-hour urine collection per participant. Agreement between methods was evaluated using Bland-Altman analysis. RESULTS: Median potassium intake was 1911 mg/day from dietary assessment and 1683 mg/day from urinary analysis, both well below the recommended 3510 mg/day level, which is linked to sodium counterbalance and reduced cardiovascular risk. Over 90% of participants failed to meet the recommended intake across methods. Black participants and individuals of low socioeconomic status (SES) had substantially lower potassium intakes than their counterparts. Bland-Altman analysis demonstrated limited individual-level agreement (with a 95% limit-of-agreement span of approximately 5,600 mg/day), with dietary potassium intake marginally higher than urinary excretion (mean difference = 61 mg/day; p = 0.19), reflecting expected physiological potassium handling. In adjusted regression analyses, dietary potassium was inversely associated with diastolic blood pressure, while both urinary potassium and the sodium-to-potassium ratio showed no significant associations. CONCLUSION: Both methods show that potassium intake is low among young adults in South Africa, particularly among Black and low-SES groups, highlighting the need for population-level strategies to increase potassium consumption, particularly in vulnerable groups. The sodium-to-potassium ratio was associated with blood pressure only in the unadjusted model, whereas dietary potassium was associated with diastolic blood pressure in the adjusted model. Dietary assessment may be appropriate for population-level estimation of potassium intake, but its limited agreement with urinary potassium excretion at the individual level, particularly at higher intakes, may limit its utility for individual assessment. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Shivambu, Arole AU - Shivambu A AD - Centre of Excellence for Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa. shivambuarole@gmail.com. AD - Centre of Excellence for Nutrition (CEN), North-West University, 11 Hoffman Street, Potchefstroom, 2531, South Africa. shivambuarole@gmail.com. FAU - Chiromba, Antony K AU - Chiromba AK AD - Centre of Excellence for Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa. FAU - van Zyl, Tertia AU - van Zyl T AD - Centre of Excellence for Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa. AD - SAMRC/NWU Extramural Unit for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260721 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 RN - 0 (Potassium, Dietary) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - South Africa MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Potassium, Dietary/urine/administration & dosage MH - Young Adult MH - Adult MH - *Mental Recall MH - Adolescent MH - *Diet/statistics & numerical data PMC - PMC13670738 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Blood pressure OT - Dietary potassium OT - Potassium intake OT - Urinary potassium OT - Young adults COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical approval of the present study and the African-PREDICT were obtained from the North-West University Health Research Ethics Committee, reference numbers NWU-00136-22-A1 and NWU-00001-12-A1. Gatekeeper permissions were obtained from the National Department, and the North-West Provincial Department of Health. All participants provided written informed consent before data collection, and the study adhered to the updated principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Consent to participate: Not applicable. EDAT- 2026/07/21 00:35 MHDA- 2026/10/15 07:17 PMCR- 2026/07/21 CRDT- 2026/07/20 23:58 PHST- 2026/05/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/15 07:17 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/21 00:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/20 23:58 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-28605-5 [pii] AID - 28605 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-28605-5 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2026 Jul 21;26(1):2973. doi: 10.1186/s12889-026-28605-5. PMID- 42475851 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260907 LR - 20260907 IS - 1532-8449 (Electronic) IS - 0882-5963 (Linking) VI - 90 DP - 2026 Sep-Oct TI - Assessment of malnutrition in hospitalized children: Comparison of STAMP, PYMS and STRONG-Kids screening tools. PG - 618-626 LID - S0882-5963(26)00327-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.pedn.2026.07.025 [doi] AB - AIM: Early identification of malnutrition risk in hospitalized children is essential for timely nutritional intervention. This study aims diagnostic performance of three pediatric malnutrition screening tools validated in Turkish: STAMP, PYMS, and STRONG-Kids. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 148 hospitalized children were included. Nutritional risk was evaluated using STAMP, PYMS, and STRONG-Kids screening tools. Anthropometric measurements were performed, and height-for-age, Body Mass Index (BMI)-for-age, and Middle Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC)-for-age z-scores were calculated. The sensitivity and specificity of each tool were assessed in identifying chronic and acute malnutrition. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to assess the discriminative ability of the screening tools. RESULTS: Chronic malnutrition was identified in 12.8% of patients and acute malnutrition in 15.5%. STAMP and STRONG-Kids showed the highest sensitivity for detecting chronic malnutrition (84.2% and 84.3%), while PYMS had the highest specificity. STRONG-Kids demonstrated the greatest sensitivity for acute malnutrition and low MUAC z-scores (100.0%). ROC analysis showed that PYMS had the highest Area Under the Curve (AUC) for acute malnutrition, whereas STRONG-Kids had the highest AUC for chronic malnutrition, although all tools demonstrated limited discriminative ability for chronic malnutrition. CONCLUSION: STAMP and STRONG-Kids were more sensitive in detecting malnutrition risk, whereas PYMS showed higher specificity. Tool performance varied according to anthropometric indicators. IMPLICATIONS TO PRACTICE: In clinical practice, selecting the screening tool according to the targeted malnutrition type and available anthropometric indicators may improve early detection and allow more effective prioritization of nutritional interventions in hospitalized children. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Mutlu, Elif AU - Mutlu E AD - Ankara University, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Ankara, Turkiye. Electronic address: elifmutlu@hacettepe.edu.tr. FAU - Kokturk, Seda Nur AU - Kokturk SN AD - Bayburt University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Bayburt, Turkiye. Electronic address: sedanurkokturk@bayburt.edu.tr. FAU - Ersoy Soke, Nursena AU - Ersoy Soke N AD - Ankara University, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Ankara, Turkiye. FAU - Yardimci, Hulya AU - Yardimci H AD - Ankara University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Ankara, Turkiye. Electronic address: yildirimh@ankara.edu.tr. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260720 PL - United States TA - J Pediatr Nurs JT - Journal of pediatric nursing JID - 8607529 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - Male MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Mass Screening/methods MH - Turkey MH - *Nutrition Assessment MH - *Child, Hospitalized MH - Sensitivity and Specificity MH - Child MH - *Child Nutrition Disorders/diagnosis/epidemiology MH - Infant MH - ROC Curve MH - Risk Assessment MH - *Malnutrition/diagnosis MH - Anthropometry MH - Nutritional Status MH - Body Mass Index OTO - NOTNLM OT - Child OT - Malnutrition OT - Nutrition assessment OT - Nutritional status COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/07/21 00:35 MHDA- 2026/09/07 23:34 CRDT- 2026/07/20 18:03 PHST- 2026/01/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/07 23:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/21 00:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/20 18:03 [entrez] AID - S0882-5963(26)00327-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.pedn.2026.07.025 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Pediatr Nurs. 2026 Sep-Oct;90:618-626. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2026.07.025. Epub 2026 Jul 20. PMID- 42475675 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260720 LR - 20260813 IS - 1438-8871 (Electronic) IS - 1439-4456 (Print) IS - 1438-8871 (Linking) VI - 28 DP - 2026 Jul 20 TI - Mobile App Use and Pregnancy Health Literacy: Cross-Sectional Study Using Bayesian Network Analysis. PG - e85403 LID - 10.2196/85403 [doi] LID - e85403 AB - BACKGROUND: Health literacy is crucial for pregnancy outcomes; yet, 15%-44% of pregnant women have low health literacy, negatively affecting maternal and fetal health. While pregnancy apps are increasingly used to support it, the psychological mechanisms through which they influence behavior remain unclear. Understanding these mechanisms is essential for designing effective interventions. Cognitive load theory (CLT) and the integrated model of cognitive-affective learning with media (ICALM) provide theoretical frameworks for understanding these digital interventions in pregnancy's emotionally intense context. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to understand the psychological and social-cognitive pathways through which engagement with pregnancy apps may enhance health literacy and behaviors. METHODS: This cross-sectional survey study included 998 pregnant and early postpartum women aged 18-45 years from the United States and analyzed the data using Bayesian Network (BN) modeling informed by CLT and ICALM. Participants were stratified into Pregnancy+ (Royal Philips) users (n=362), other pregnancy app users (n=507), and nonapp users (n=129). We measured digital engagement, emotions, health literacy levels, support levels and sources, and health behaviors, including physical activity, nutrition, and stress management. The BN model underwent systematic refinement through bootstrap resampling (n=1000) to evaluate arc strength, followed by k-fold cross-validation (k=5) to assess model generalizability and predictive performance. RESULTS: In our study, pregnancy apps improve health literacy or behaviors, but not through direct pathways. Instead, they work through two indirect psychological pathways: (1) digital engagement related to positive emotions, which in turn is related to health literacy and stress management, and (2) digital engagement strengthened support networks, which in turn are related to health literacy. No direct pathways from digital engagement to health literacy or behaviors were retained. Pregnancy+ users demonstrated stronger adherence to these pathways compared with other app users and nonusers, by demonstrating more joyfulness (5.1 vs 4.7; P=.046), elevated support levels (4.1 vs 3.9; P=.03), and higher critical health literacy scores (8.4 vs 8.2 vs 7.7; P<.001). Pregnancy+ users also showed higher engagement frequencies (P<.001) and more frequently cited pregnancy apps as valuable information sources (78% vs 68%, P=.01) compared with users of other pregnancy apps. CONCLUSIONS: This study reveals that pregnancy apps may enhance health literacy by fostering positive emotions and strengthening support networks. This finding challenges assumptions about digital health interventions and demonstrates that apps function as psychological support systems rather than mere information sources. The findings validate CLT and ICALM within pregnancy contexts, showing that emotionally supportive apps reduce irrelevant emotional processing that consumes cognitive capacity, thereby enhancing information retention. For practice, app developers should prioritize emotional support and social connection over content volume, while health care providers should recommend apps that enhance emotional well-being. This study demonstrates BN's value for revealing complex psychological relationships in digital health contexts. CI - (c)Hanne A A Spelt, Renee A Otte, Ad J M Denissen, Shihan Wang, Erin E O'Connor, Robin Neuhaus, Lucie Duracher. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (https://www.jmir.org), 20.07.2026. FAU - Spelt, Hanne A A AU - Spelt HAA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5304-4109 AD - Research & Development, Philips Mother & Child Care and Women's Health, Eindhoven, The Netherlands. FAU - Otte, Renee A AU - Otte RA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7939-6199 AD - Research & Development, Philips Mother & Child Care and Women's Health, Eindhoven, The Netherlands. FAU - Denissen, Ad J M AU - Denissen AJM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4244-8850 AD - Innovation & Development and AI Solutions, Philips Data Science & AI Engineering, Eindhoven, The Netherlands. FAU - Wang, Shihan AU - Wang S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5971-7522 AD - Department of Information and Computing Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands. FAU - O'Connor, Erin E AU - O'Connor EE AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-3361-1080 AD - Nested Institute for Families, New York, NY, United States. AD - Teaching and Learning, New York University, New York, NY, United States. FAU - Neuhaus, Robin AU - Neuhaus R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6975-8712 AD - Nested Institute for Families, New York, NY, United States. AD - Teaching and Learning, New York University, New York, NY, United States. FAU - Duracher, Lucie AU - Duracher L AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-5391-0425 AD - Research & Development, Philips Mother & Child Care and Women's Health, Eindhoven, The Netherlands. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260720 PL - Canada TA - J Med Internet Res JT - Journal of medical Internet research JID - 100959882 SB - IM MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Pregnancy MH - *Health Literacy MH - *Mobile Applications/statistics & numerical data MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Bayes Theorem MH - Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - Digital Health PMC - PMC13434253 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bayesian networks OT - digital lifestyle interventions OT - health literacy OT - mHealth OT - mobile apps OT - pregnancy OT - probabilistic networks OT - women's health COIS- Conflicts of Interest: HAAS, RAO, AJMD, and LD are employed by Royal Philips, which also owns Pregnancy+. EDAT- 2026/07/20 18:35 MHDA- 2026/07/20 18:36 PMCR- 2026/07/20 CRDT- 2026/07/20 16:53 PHST- 2025/10/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/20 18:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/20 18:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/20 16:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v28i1e85403 [pii] AID - 10.2196/85403 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Med Internet Res. 2026 Jul 20;28:e85403. doi: 10.2196/85403. PMID- 42474956 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260720 IS - 1573-3432 (Electronic) IS - 0162-3257 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jul 20 TI - Dropout From Exercise Interventions in Autistic Youth: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. LID - 10.1007/s10803-026-07447-5 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: Exercise has multiple physical and mental health benefits for autistic youth. Dropouts from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) pose a threat to the validity of the evidence, with dropout rates varying across studies. We conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the prevalence and predictors of dropout rates among autistic youth participating in exercise RCTs. METHODS: Two authors searched major electronic databases up to 04/2025. We included RCTs of exercise interventions in autistic children and adolescents that reported dropout rates. A random effects meta-analysis, calculating the dropout prevalence in exercise group and a comparative meta-analysis comparing dropout in exercise versus control groups were conducted. Meta-regressions and subgroup analyses were conducted to explore dropout moderators. RESULTS: 21 RCT's involving 25 exercise interventions (n = 565, mean age 5.1 to 12.8 years; 81.2% males) were included. The trim-and-fill-adjusted prevalence of dropout across all studies was 24.4% (95%CI = 18.1% to 32.1%). Significant differences in dropout rates were found for the type of exercise intervention (p < 0.001), intensity (p = 0.003), and overall intervention duration (p = 0.032). Dropout was similar in exercise versus control conditions (OR = 1.0, 95%CI = 0.97 to 1.0, p = 0.90, I(2) = 0%). CONCLUSIONS: Exercise is well tolerated by autistic children and m-adolescents and drop out in RCT's is comparable to control conditions. Thus, exercise is a feasible treatment and dropout rates decrease when the intervention is aerobic exercise, with either low or high intensity and when total intervention duration is shorter. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Van Damme, Tine AU - Van Damme T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8197-6704 AD - Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 box 1510, Leuven, 3000, Belgium. Tine.vandamme@kuleuven.be. AD - University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. Tine.vandamme@kuleuven.be. FAU - Zwahlen, Isabel AU - Zwahlen I AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-0865-7168 AD - Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 box 1510, Leuven, 3000, Belgium. FAU - de Oliveira, Jenifer AU - de Oliveira J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8616-6594 AD - Department of Sports Methods and Techniques, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil. FAU - Meers, Esther AU - Meers E AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-0626-6317 AD - Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 box 1510, Leuven, 3000, Belgium. FAU - Schuch, Felipe Barreto AU - Schuch FB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5190-4515 AD - Food and Mood Centre, Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Deakin University, Geelong, Australia. AD - Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, Australia. AD - Department of Sports Methods and Techniques, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil. AD - Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. AD - Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autonoma de Chile, Providencia, Chile. FAU - Vancampfort, Davy AU - Vancampfort D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4592-8625 AD - Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 box 1510, Leuven, 3000, Belgium. AD - University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. AD - Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260720 PL - United States TA - J Autism Dev Disord JT - Journal of autism and developmental disorders JID - 7904301 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Autism OT - Dropout, exercise OT - Physical activity COIS- Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. EDAT- 2026/07/20 12:40 MHDA- 2026/07/20 12:40 CRDT- 2026/07/20 11:19 PHST- 2025/10/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/20 12:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/20 12:40 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/20 11:19 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s10803-026-07447-5 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s10803-026-07447-5 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - J Autism Dev Disord. 2026 Jul 20. doi: 10.1007/s10803-026-07447-5. PMID- 42474673 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260720 IS - 1573-2584 (Electronic) IS - 0301-1623 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jul 20 TI - Clinical outcomes of thulium fiber laser versus holmium:YAG laser during pediatric retrograde intrarenal surgery: a multicenter cohort study. LID - 10.1007/s11255-026-05292-0 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: The thulium fiber laser (TFL) is a new-generation laser technology that has been increasingly used in endourology in recent years. However, data on the use of TFL in the treatment of pediatric kidney stones are limited. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of thulium fiber laser (TFL) and Holmium: Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (Ho:YAG) laser in children undergoing retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) for a solitary renal stone measuring 10-20 mm. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pediatric patients (< 18 years) with a solitary renal stone measuring 10-20 mm who underwent RIRS at two tertiary referral centers between January 2020 and March 2026 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into two groups based on the laser technology used: Ho:YAG and TFL. Ho:YAG lithotripsy was predominantly performed using fragmentation strategy, whereas TFL was mainly used in dusting mode. The primary endpoint was the stone-free rate (SFR), as assessed by ultrasound at the third postoperative month. Secondary endpoints included operative time, fluoroscopy time, intraoperative stone retropulsion, the need for reintervention, length of hospital stay, and complications according to the Clavien-Dindo classification. RESULTS: A total of 74 patients were included in the study. Forty-eight patients were treated with Ho:YAG, and 26 with TFL. The groups were comparable in terms of age, sex, body mass index, stone size, stone density, and stone location. Operative time was significantly shorter in the TFL group than in the Ho:YAG group (64.0 +/- 28.35 vs. 80.0 +/- 30.17 min, p = 0.028). Intraoperative stone retropulsion occurred significantly less frequently in the TFL group (11.5% vs. 35.4%, p = 0.031). The 3-month stone-free rate was 92.3% in the TFL group and 85.4% in the Ho:YAG group, with no significant difference between the groups (p = 0.486). No significant differences were found between the groups in terms of fluoroscopy time, reintervention rate, and length of hospital stay. Complication rates were similar, and no Clavien-Dindo grade IV or V complications were observed in either group. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that TFL may represent a safe and effective alternative to the Ho:YAG laser in pediatric RIRS. However, further prospective multicenter studies using standardized laser settings are warranted to validate these findings. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. FAU - Ozcift, Burak AU - Ozcift B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8474-2308 AD - Department of Pediatric Urology, Health Sciences University, Izmir Dr. Behcet Uz Child Diseases and Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Ismet Kaptan Mh. Sezer Dogan Sok. No: 11 Konak, Izmir, Turkey. burakozcift@gmail.com. FAU - Micoogullari, Uygar AU - Micoogullari U AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4729-6104 AD - Department of Urology, Izmir Can Hospital, Izmir, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260720 PL - Netherlands TA - Int Urol Nephrol JT - International urology and nephrology JID - 0262521 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Flexible ureteroscopy OT - Holmium:YAG laser OT - Pediatric urolithiasis OT - Renal stone OT - Retrograde intrarenal surgery OT - Thulium fiber laser COIS- Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors declare no competing interests. Ethical approval: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Health Sciences University Tepecik Training and Research Hospital (No. 2022/12-27). EDAT- 2026/07/20 12:40 MHDA- 2026/07/20 12:40 CRDT- 2026/07/20 11:08 PHST- 2026/06/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/20 12:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/20 12:40 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/20 11:08 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s11255-026-05292-0 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s11255-026-05292-0 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Int Urol Nephrol. 2026 Jul 20. doi: 10.1007/s11255-026-05292-0. PMID- 42474402 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260918 LR - 20260923 IS - 2212-2672 (Print) IS - 2212-2672 (Linking) VI - 126 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Understanding Postpartum Mothers' Perspectives of Chrononutrition Approaches: A Qualitative Study. PG - 156393 LID - S2212-2672(26)00108-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jand.2026.156393 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Postpartum weight retention (PPWR) is common and associated with poor health outcomes. Traditional weight management approaches have limited success postpartum. Due to infant-related sleep disruptions, late-night eating may be more common postpartum and contribute to PPWR. Chrononutrition interventions, which align energy intake with circadian rhythms in metabolism, demonstrate promise for weight loss in nonpostpartum populations and offer a novel approach to preventing PPWR. However, no studies have explored whether chrononutrition approaches may be acceptable postpartum, which is needed to inform which approaches may warrant subsequent testing. OBJECTIVE: To characterize perceived determinants of eating timing and understand the feasibility of following various chrononutrition approaches among postpartum mothers. DESIGN: A qualitative descriptive study using semistructured interviews to query participants about the following chrononutrition approaches, which they also ranked from most to least preferred: bedtime stopping rule (no energy intake within a certain number of hours of bedtime); king's breakfast, pauper's dinner (distributing kilocalories so intake is highest at breakfast and lowest at dinner), and time-restricted eating (shortening the daily eating window to 2.5, with an optimal cut-off value of 1.75 cm. Respiratory symptoms and comorbidities were present in 39.4% and 38.6% of patients, respectively. Pulmonary function impairment was observed in 19% of patients, predominantly with a restrictive pattern. HI> 2.5 was associated with reduced forced vital capacity (FVC) and total lung capacity (TLC), whereas the association between MDM> 1.75 cm and TLC <80% weakened after adjustment for age. CONCLUSION: MDM is a practical bedside measurement that correlates with HI and involves no radiation exposure. An MDM threshold of 1.75 cm was associated with HI> 2.5 in the CT-evaluated subgroup and may support conservative follow-up when interpreted together with clinical and functional findings. This threshold should be considered exploratory and requires prospective validation. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Yoruk, Begum AU - Yoruk B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6599-9802 AD - Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Faculty of Medicine, Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Caglar, Yasemin Mocan AU - Caglar YM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9609-478X AD - Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Faculty of Medicine, Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Ulgen, Ozge AU - Ulgen O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9271-5446 AD - Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Faculty of Medicine, Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Oksay, Sinem Can AU - Oksay SC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9801-3181 AD - Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Faculty of Medicine, Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Bilgin, Gulay AU - Bilgin G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6207-3748 AD - Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Faculty of Medicine, Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Tortop, Deniz Mavi AU - Tortop DM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9134-5658 AD - Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Faculty of Medicine, Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Girit, Saniye AU - Girit S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7556-6568 AD - Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Faculty of Medicine, Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkiye. saniye.girit@medeniyet.edu.tr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260718 PL - England TA - BMC Pediatr JT - BMC pediatrics JID - 100967804 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Funnel Chest/physiopathology/diagnosis/diagnostic imaging MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Child MH - Female MH - Male MH - Respiratory Function Tests MH - Tomography, X-Ray Computed MH - Severity of Illness Index MH - Child, Preschool MH - Adolescent MH - *Anthropometry/methods PMC - PMC13670605 OTO - NOTNLM OT - anthropometric measurement OT - manual depth measurement OT - pectus excavatum OT - pediatric OT - pulmonary function test COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Kartal Kosuyolu Hospital on January 7, 2025 (Approval Number: 2025/01/1005). The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Due to the retrospective design of the study, the requirement for informed consent, including parental or legal guardian consent for participants younger than 16 years of age, was waived by the ethics committee. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/19 04:00 MHDA- 2026/10/15 07:17 PMCR- 2026/07/18 CRDT- 2026/07/18 23:25 PHST- 2026/05/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/15 07:17 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/19 04:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/18 23:25 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07308-1 [pii] AID - 7308 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07308-1 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pediatr. 2026 Jul 18;26(1):1003. doi: 10.1186/s12887-026-07308-1. PMID- 42471445 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261022 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 16 DP - 2026 Jul 18 TI - Aerobic fitness and body composition independently relate to inhibitory control in preadolescent children. LID - 10.1038/s41598-026-63026-9 [doi] LID - 32820 AB - Aerobic fitness and body composition are modifiable factors that independently relate to inhibitory control, with higher aerobic fitness associated with enhanced performance and higher body fat associated with poorer inhibitory control in children. This study examined these factors as independent predictors of behavioral and neuroelectric outcomes during a Go/NoGo task. One hundred and two preadolescent children (mean age: 10.07 +/- 0.67 years) completed VO(2)peak assessments and DXA scans before performing a Go/NoGo task while ERPs were recorded. Linear regressions and mixed-effects models examined main and interaction effects of fat-free aerobic fitness (FFVO(2)peak) and body fat percent on behavior, N2 and P3 amplitude and latency across seven midline electrode sites. Higher aerobic fitness was associated with greater NoGo accuracy, while body composition was unrelated to behavioral performance. Aerobic fitness showed topographic interactions with N2 and P3 amplitude during the Go task and with N2 amplitude during the NoGo task, reflecting greater neural resource allocation at fronto-central and centro-parietal sites. Body composition showed a topographic interaction with NoGo P3 latency, with higher body fat associated with shorter latencies. These findings demonstrate dissociable topographic effects of aerobic fitness and body composition on inhibitory control, suggesting distinct pathways of neurocognitive influence in preadolescent children. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Carlson, Kellyn E AU - Carlson KE AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-1027-1282 AD - Department of Physical Therapy, Movement, & Rehabilitation Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA. Jason.k@northeastern.edu. AD - Institute for Cognitive and Brain Health, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA. Jason.k@northeastern.edu. FAU - Bertrand, Christina M AU - Bertrand CM AD - Institute for Cognitive and Brain Health, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA. AD - Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Raine, Lauren B AU - Raine LB AD - Department of Physical Therapy, Movement, & Rehabilitation Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA. AD - Institute for Cognitive and Brain Health, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA. AD - Department of Medical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Watrous, Jennifer N H AU - Watrous JNH AD - Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA. FAU - Hillman, Charles H AU - Hillman CH AD - Department of Physical Therapy, Movement, & Rehabilitation Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA. AD - Institute for Cognitive and Brain Health, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA. AD - Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA. LA - eng GR - R01 HD094054/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States GR - R01HD094054/National Institute of Child Health and Human Development/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260718 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 SB - IM PMC - PMC13677439 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Body fat percent OT - Event-related potentials OT - Inhibition OT - Neurocognitive development OT - Physical activity COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/19 01:03 MHDA- 2026/07/19 01:03 PMCR- 2026/07/18 CRDT- 2026/07/18 23:18 PHST- 2026/04/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/19 01:03 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/19 01:03 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/18 23:18 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-63026-9 [pii] AID - 63026 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-63026-9 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Sci Rep. 2026 Jul 18;16:32820. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-63026-9. PMID- 42470661 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260718 LR - 20260826 IS - 1532-7078 (Electronic) IS - 1525-0008 (Print) IS - 1532-7078 (Linking) VI - 31 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Jul-Aug TI - Brain Activity of Young Children in Bangladesh Is Associated With Biopsychosocial Conditions at the Individual-, Family-, and Household-Level. PG - e70108 LID - 10.1111/infa.70108 [doi] LID - e70108 AB - Adversities in early life compromise children's nurturing care and impact their development. This study explored the biopsychosocial conditions associated with electroencephalography (EEG)-based brain activity in children living in rural Bangladesh, a setting with high rates of malnutrition and suboptimal psychosocial stimulation. In a substudy of the Benefits and Risks of Iron Supplementation in Children (BRISC) study in Bangladesh, we recorded resting EEG brain activity in a random subsample of 440 children at 11 months and 594 children at 20 months of age. EEG band power measures were derived for delta, theta, alpha, and beta power bands. Validated tools were used to assess maternal depression, household food insecurity, and psychosocial stimulation. Children's anthropometry, venous hemoglobin and ferritin concentrations, and inflammation were also measured. Linear regression analyses were conducted to identify the concurrent and lagged biopsychosocial conditions associated with EEG-based brain activity. Growth, nutritional status, psychosocial stimulation, and household food security were associated with concurrent and lagged brain activity. The direction of association differed by EEG frequency band, but the majority of biopsychosocial conditions were positively associated with activity in the higher frequency bands and negatively with lower frequency bands. Our findings indicate that brain activity in children can be influenced by a range of biopsychosocial adversities. Children's nutrition, quality and quantity of psychosocial stimulation, and food security influence their current and later brain activity in this resource-limited setting in South Asia. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ACTRN12617000660381. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Infancy published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Congress of Infant Studies. FAU - Larson, Leila M AU - Larson LM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2570-7323 AD - Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA. FAU - Feuerriegel, Daniel AU - Feuerriegel D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0357-1920 AD - Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Lall, Gitanjali AU - Lall G AD - Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA. FAU - Imrul Hasan, Mohammed AU - Imrul Hasan M AD - Maternal and Child Health Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh. AD - Population Health and Immunity Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Braat, Sabine AU - Braat S AD - Population Health and Immunity Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. AD - Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. AD - Department of Infectious Diseases at the Peter Doherty Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Jin, Jerry AU - Jin J AD - Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. AD - Department of Infectious Diseases at the Peter Doherty Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Biggs, Beverley-Ann AU - Biggs BA AD - Department of Infectious Diseases at the Peter Doherty Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. AD - The Victorian Infectious Diseases Service, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Bode, Stefan AU - Bode S AD - Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. AD - Division of Science, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE. FAU - Pasricha, Sant-Rayn AU - Pasricha SR AD - Population Health and Immunity Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. AD - Diagnostic Haematology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. AD - Diagnostic Haematology and Clinical Haematology, The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. AD - Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Johnson, Katherine A AU - Johnson KA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2029-163X AD - Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Hamadani, Jena D AU - Hamadani JD AD - Maternal and Child Health Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh. LA - eng GR - GNT1103262/National Health and Medical Research Council/ GR - GNT1159151/National Health and Medical Research Council/ GR - GNT1158696/National Health and Medical Research Council/ GR - University of Melbourne/ PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Infancy JT - Infancy : the official journal of the International Society on Infant Studies JID - 100890607 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Bangladesh MH - Female MH - Electroencephalography MH - Infant MH - Male MH - *Brain/physiology MH - Nutritional Status MH - Rural Population MH - *Child Development/physiology MH - Family Characteristics PMC - PMC13380311 COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/19 01:03 MHDA- 2026/07/19 01:04 PMCR- 2026/07/18 CRDT- 2026/07/18 13:43 PHST- 2026/05/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/07/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/19 01:04 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/19 01:03 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/18 13:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - INFA70108 [pii] AID - 10.1111/infa.70108 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Infancy. 2026 Jul-Aug;31(4):e70108. doi: 10.1111/infa.70108. PMID- 42470033 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260718 LR - 20260903 IS - 1536-5964 (Electronic) IS - 0025-7974 (Print) IS - 0025-7974 (Linking) VI - 105 IP - 29 DP - 2026 Jul 17 TI - Disproportionality analysis of sex-stratified adverse event signals in growth impairment: Insights from the FDA adverse event reporting system. PG - e49802 LID - 10.1097/MD.0000000000049802 [doi] LID - e49802 AB - This study aimed to examine sex-disaggregated adverse event signals associated with growth impairment in pediatric patients, utilizing data from the FDA adverse event reporting system, with a particular focus on growth hormone and related therapeutic agents. A disproportionality analysis was performed on FDA adverse event reporting system data spanning 2004 Q1 to 2025 Q1. The analysis encompassed 3281 growth impairment-related reports, disaggregated by gender, employing Reporting Odds Ratios (ROR) and proportional reporting ratios for signal detection, with temporal patterns assessed via Weibull distribution modeling. Significant sex-disaggregated disparities in safety signals were identified. Somatropin exhibited a stronger association with growth impairment in females (ROR 76.85, 95% CI 65.52-90.15) than in males (ROR 37.31, 95% CI 32.99-42.20). Deflazacort showed a male-exclusive signal (ROR 58.25, 95% CI 41.27-82.21), while imatinib displayed a higher risk in females (ROR 15.55, 95% CI 11.29-21.42) compared to males (ROR 4.17, 95% CI 2.91-5.99). Temporal analysis revealed an early-failure pattern, with 50.6% of events occurring within 180 days. These findings generate the hypothesis that sex-disaggregated pharmacovigilance in pediatrics, particularly for growth-modulating therapies, may reveal differential reporting patterns. Should these signals be validated in controlled prospective studies, they could inform the development of customized monitoring frameworks and dosing strategies aimed at potentially mitigating risks in hypothesized high-risk subgroups. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, LLC. FAU - Junyu, Xu AU - Junyu X AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-9659-123 AD - Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou Normal University, First People's Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China. AD - School of Medicine, Huzhou Normal University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Qian, Chen AU - Qian C AD - Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou Normal University, First People's Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China. AD - School of Medicine, Huzhou Normal University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Jingnan, Xue AU - Jingnan X AD - School of Medicine, Huzhou Normal University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China. AD - Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou Normal University, First People's Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Luying, Qi AU - Luying Q AD - School of Medicine, Huzhou Normal University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China. AD - Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou Normal University, First People's Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Chen, Yuan AU - Chen Y AD - Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou Normal University, First People's Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Yan, Zhu AU - Yan Z AD - Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou Normal University, First People's Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Medicine (Baltimore) JT - Medicine JID - 2985248R SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Male MH - United States/epidemiology MH - *Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems/statistics & numerical data MH - United States Food and Drug Administration MH - Sex Factors MH - Child MH - *Growth Disorders/epidemiology/chemically induced MH - *Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/epidemiology MH - Adolescent MH - Child, Preschool PMC - PMC13384653 OTO - NOTNLM OT - FAERS OT - adverse events OT - disproportionality analysis OT - growth impairment OT - pediatric pharmacovigilance OT - sex-disaggregated COIS- The authors have no funding and conflicts of interest to declare. EDAT- 2026/07/18 06:38 MHDA- 2026/07/18 06:39 PMCR- 2026/07/17 CRDT- 2026/07/18 01:01 PHST- 2025/09/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/18 06:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/18 06:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/18 01:01 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 00005792-202607170-00066 [pii] AID - MD-D-25-12003 [pii] AID - 10.1097/MD.0000000000049802 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Medicine (Baltimore). 2026 Jul 17;105(29):e49802. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000049802. PMID- 42469521 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261012 LR - 20261014 IS - 1437-1596 (Electronic) IS - 0937-9827 (Linking) VI - 140 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Nov TI - Population-specific dental maturity scores for forensic age estimation in turkish children: a percentile-based modeling approach. PG - 3861-3872 LID - 10.1007/s00414-026-03926-7 [doi] AB - Accurate age estimation in children and adolescents is essential for forensic identification; however, the direct application of dental age estimation methods developed from Western European populations may introduce systematic bias when applied to other populations. This study aimed to develop and validate population-specific age estimation models based on the Dental Maturity Score (DMS) using data obtained from Turkish children. A total of 4,009 panoramic radiographs from individuals aged 2-18 years (2,035 males and 1,974 females) were included. Of these, 3,206 individuals constituted the model development (training) cohort and 803 the independent validation (test) cohort. The seven left permanent mandibular teeth were assessed according to the Demirjian staging system, and sex-specific DMSs were calculated. The relationship between chronological age and DMS was modeled using moving average, Locally Weighted Scatterplot Smoothing (LOWESS), the Lambda-Mu-Sigma (LMS) method, piecewise polynomial regression, and polynomial- and spline-based quantile regression. Model performance was evaluated using the coefficient of determination (R(2)), mean absolute error (MAE), and Bland-Altman agreement analysis. Among the evaluated approaches, the polynomial- and spline-based quantile regression models demonstrated the best overall performance. In the independent validation cohort, the polynomial-based quantile regression model achieved an R(2) of 0.94 and an MAE of 0.75 years in males, and an R(2) of 0.92 and an MAE of 1.09 years in females. Among the population-specific models developed for Turkish children, the polynomial-based quantile regression model demonstrated the highest predictive accuracy and consistent performance in the independent validation cohort, indicating that it is a suitable approach for forensic age estimation. In contrast, the spline-based quantile regression model provides a useful reference framework for the clinical assessment of dental development. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Zilan, Sumeyye AU - Zilan S AD - Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey. FAU - Sengul, Fatih AU - Sengul F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6087-148X AD - Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey. fsengul@atauni.edu.tr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260718 PL - Germany TA - Int J Legal Med JT - International journal of legal medicine JID - 9101456 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Age Determination by Teeth/methods MH - Turkey MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Male MH - Radiography, Panoramic MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - Regression Analysis MH - *Models, Statistical MH - Dentition, Permanent OTO - NOTNLM OT - Demirjian method OT - Dental maturity score OT - Forensic age estimation OT - Forensic odontology OT - Quantile regression OT - Turkish population COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was obtained from the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Ataturk University Faculty of Medicine (Approval No. B.30.ATA.0.01.00/193; February 28, 2025). Because of the retrospective design of the study, the requirement for informed consent was waived by the Ethics Committee. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/18 00:38 MHDA- 2026/10/12 17:30 CRDT- 2026/07/17 23:23 PHST- 2026/02/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/12 17:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/18 00:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/17 23:23 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00414-026-03926-7 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00414-026-03926-7 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Legal Med. 2026 Nov;140(6):3861-3872. doi: 10.1007/s00414-026-03926-7. Epub 2026 Jul 18. PMID- 42469299 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260717 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jul 17 TI - Germany's youth city versus rural dwellers engage in more moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. LID - 10.1038/s41598-026-61980-y [doi] AB - Rapid urbanization poses the question how city living impacts human physical activity, especially in the population of vulnerable youth. This study aimed to examine urban-rural differences in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) among children and adolescents in Germany in a large German national study, across two independent samples (Discovery study: N = 2734; Replication study: N = 1196) of children and adolescents (6-17 years), with accelerometer-assessed MVPA, and across two different urbanicity assessments. In both studies, city youth engaged in more total MVPA than rural youth and were more likely to comply with the physical activity guidelines of the World Health Organization. While city living and total MVPA were independent of age and gender, age groups differed regarding physical activity guideline compliance. These results point towards a potential positive implication of urbanization for physical activity and suggest actions to target rural areas for physical activity promotion, if findings are validated towards causality in future studies. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Reichert, Markus AU - Reichert M AD - Department of Sport and Exercise Science, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Salzburg, Schlossallee 49, 5400, Hallein, Austria. markus.reichert@plus.ac.at. AD - Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany. markus.reichert@plus.ac.at. AD - Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. markus.reichert@plus.ac.at. FAU - Nigg, Carina AU - Nigg C AD - Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany. carina.nigg2@unibe.ch. AD - Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Mittelstrasse 43, 3012, Bern, Switzerland. carina.nigg2@unibe.ch. FAU - Fiedler, Janis AU - Fiedler J AD - Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany. FAU - Brussler, Sarah AU - Brussler S AD - Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany. FAU - Burchartz, Alexander AU - Burchartz A AD - Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany. FAU - Jekauc, Darko AU - Jekauc D AD - Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany. FAU - Limberger, Matthias F AU - Limberger MF AD - Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany. FAU - Krell-Roesch, Janina AU - Krell-Roesch J AD - Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany. FAU - von Haaren-Mack, Birte AU - von Haaren-Mack B AD - Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany. FAU - Ebner-Priemer, Ulrich W AU - Ebner-Priemer UW AD - Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany. FAU - Niessner, Claudia AU - Niessner C AD - Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany. FAU - Schipperijn, Jasper AU - Schipperijn J AD - Department of Sport Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. FAU - Woll, Alexander AU - Woll A AD - Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany. LA - eng GR - 01ER1503/Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Germany/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260717 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescents OT - Children OT - Cities OT - Physical activity guidelines OT - Urbanization COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/18 04:01 MHDA- 2026/07/18 04:01 CRDT- 2026/07/17 23:17 PHST- 2024/08/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/18 04:01 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/18 04:01 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/17 23:17 [entrez] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-61980-y [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-61980-y [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Sci Rep. 2026 Jul 17. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-61980-y. PMID- 42468921 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260923 LR - 20260924 IS - 1543-2777 (Electronic) IS - 0736-5829 (Linking) VI - 43 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Oct 1 TI - Feasibility and Efficacy of a Judo-Based Program for Adolescents With Intellectual Disabilities: A Multinational Pragmatic Controlled Trial. PG - 338-347 LID - 10.1123/apaq.2025-0183 [doi] AB - This study was conducted to examine the feasibility and potential efficacy of an adapted judo program for adolescents with intellectual disability using a pragmatic multicenter controlled design. A total of 127 participants (15.2 +/- 4.16 years) from six European countries were allocated to an experimental (n = 104) or control group (n = 23), primarily at school or classroom level, with partial nonrandom assignment due to practical constraints. The experimental group completed two 60-min sessions per week over one school year, while controls maintained usual activities. Feasibility was assessed through attendance and stakeholder ratings. Outcomes included physical fitness variables and quality of life (KidsLife), analyzed using adjusted linear mixed models. Participation and completion exceeded 80%, with minimal adverse events and high feasibility ratings. Significant Group x Time interactions (p < .001) indicated greater improvements in the experimental group, with large effect sizes (d = 1.15-1.31). FAU - Morales, Jose AU - Morales J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5165-5195 AD - Faculty of Psychology, Education Sciences and Sport Blanquerna-Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Pierantozzi, Emanuela AU - Pierantozzi E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4405-9552 AD - Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy. FAU - Guerra-Balic, Miriam AU - Guerra-Balic M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9197-3179 AD - Faculty of Psychology, Education Sciences and Sport Blanquerna-Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Nieto-Guisado, Ainhoa AU - Nieto-Guisado A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3649-9830 AD - Faculty of Psychology, Education Sciences and Sport Blanquerna-Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Fukuda, David H AU - Fukuda DH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4299-7764 AD - School of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA. FAU - Ortiz-Castejon, Oscar AU - Ortiz-Castejon O AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-7581-5828 AD - Faculty of Psychology, Education Sciences and Sport Blanquerna-Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Maussier, Nicole AU - Maussier N AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-1367-8834 AD - Department of Sport, Health and Human Sciences, University "Foro Italico," Rome, Italy. FAU - Moragas, Marta AU - Moragas M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9881-3154 AD - Faculty of Psychology, Education Sciences and Sport Blanquerna-Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Pragmatic Clinical Trial DEP - 20260716 PL - United States TA - Adapt Phys Activ Q JT - Adapted physical activity quarterly : APAQ JID - 8701671 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Feasibility Studies MH - *Martial Arts MH - *Intellectual Disability/rehabilitation MH - Quality of Life MH - Female MH - Male MH - Physical Fitness MH - Europe OTO - NOTNLM OT - adapted judo OT - educational intervention OT - health promotion in youth OT - physical fitness OT - quality of life EDAT- 2026/07/18 00:38 MHDA- 2026/09/23 23:55 CRDT- 2026/07/17 19:32 PHST- 2025/12/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/23 23:55 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/18 00:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/17 19:32 [entrez] AID - 10.1123/apaq.2025-0183 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Adapt Phys Activ Q. 2026 Jul 16;43(4):338-347. doi: 10.1123/apaq.2025-0183. Print 2026 Oct 1. PMID- 42468725 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260904 LR - 20260904 IS - 1541-6100 (Electronic) IS - 0022-3166 (Linking) VI - 156 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Comparison of Ultraprocessed Food Intake Estimates between Food Frequency Questionnaire and 24-Hour Dietary Recalls: Findings from NHANES 2003-2006. PG - 101736 LID - S0022-3166(26)00385-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.tjnut.2026.101736 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Ultraprocessed foods (UPFs) are a major component of modern diets and are associated with many adverse health outcomes. Accurate assessment of UPF consumption is essential for nutritional research. OBJECTIVES: We compared estimates of UPF consumption derived from 24-h dietary recall (24HDR) and food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) data in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2006 and assessed agreement between these methods in classifying UPF consumption. METHODS: This study included 10,937 participants in the NHANES 2003-2004 and 2005-2006 cycles with FFQ and 24HDR data. UPFs were classified according to the Nova classification system. Spearman's rank correlation coefficients and weighted kappa statistics were used to assess agreement between 24HDR and FFQ in estimating UPF intake. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare mean UPF intake percentages reported by the 2 methods. FFQ weights were used to account for sampling. RESULTS: UPFs accounted for 34.7% of energy using the FFQ and 52.2% of energy intake using the 24HDR, with a mean difference of 18.9% of energy (P < 0.001). This difference was observed across age, sex, and race subgroups. There was a weak positive correlation (Spearman's r: 0.20; P < 0.001) and slight agreement (weighted kappa: 0.05) in classifying energy intake from UPF using the 2 methods. The difference in estimating UPF intake by 24HDR and FFQ was substantially smaller after reclassifying food items on the FFQ with an ambiguous classification level. CONCLUSIONS: Differences in UPF intake estimates are consistently observed between FFQ and 24HDR in the overall United States population and across demographic subgroups. Nova classification decisions for foods with ambiguous processing levels may contribute to differences between methods, highlighting the need for standardized approaches to classifying foods according to processing level. These findings highlight the need to further the development of dietary assessment instruments designed to capture UPF consumption. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 American Society for Nutrition. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Jiao, Keyi AU - Jiao K AD - Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States. FAU - Sullivan, Valerie K AU - Sullivan VK AD - Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States. FAU - Yang, Jiaqi AU - Yang J AD - Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States. FAU - Martinez Steele, Euridice AU - Martinez Steele E AD - Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Center for Epidemiological Studies in Health and Nutrition, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Matsuzaki, Mika AU - Matsuzaki M AD - Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States. FAU - Rebholz, Casey M AU - Rebholz CM AD - Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States. Electronic address: crebhol1@jhu.edu. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260717 PL - United States TA - J Nutr JT - The Journal of nutrition JID - 0404243 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Nutrition Surveys MH - Adult MH - *Mental Recall MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Diet MH - Energy Intake MH - Middle Aged MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent OTO - NOTNLM OT - 24-h dietary recall OT - NHANES OT - NOVA classification OT - dietary assessment OT - dietary intake OT - epidemiology OT - food frequency questionnaire OT - methodology OT - public health OT - ultraprocessed foods COIS- Conflict of interest The authors report no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/18 00:38 MHDA- 2026/09/04 23:36 CRDT- 2026/07/17 19:12 PHST- 2026/02/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/04 23:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/18 00:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/17 19:12 [entrez] AID - S0022-3166(26)00385-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.tjnut.2026.101736 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Nutr. 2026 Sep;156(9):101736. doi: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2026.101736. Epub 2026 Jul 17. PMID- 42468724 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260904 LR - 20260923 IS - 1541-6100 (Electronic) IS - 0022-3166 (Print) IS - 0022-3166 (Linking) VI - 156 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Longitudinal Changes in Healthy Eating Index-2020 Score and Impacts on Body Mass Index among Adolescents in the Growing Up Today Study: A Prospective Cohort Study. PG - 101735 LID - S0022-3166(26)00384-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.tjnut.2026.101735 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The Dietary Guidelines for Americans informs the design of nutrition programs targeted at improving health across the life course, including for adolescents, a population with suboptimal diet quality. The associations between adherence to the Guidelines and longitudinal health outcomes among adolescents, however, are unclear. OBJECTIVES: We leveraged 7 y of data from the Growing Up Today Study, a prospective cohort study, to evaluate associations between concurrent changes in total or component Healthy Eating Index-2020 (HEI-2020) scores, a measure of adherence to the Guidelines, and changes in body mass index [BMI (in kg/m(2))], a targeted outcome of the Guidelines, in United States adolescents. METHODS: We analyzed data from a prospective longitudinal cohort with enrollment cycles in 1996 (n = 14,233) and 2004 (n = 7898). We calculated HEI-2020 and BMI from validated food frequency questionnaires and self-reported height/weight. Multivariate fixed-effects regression models, stratified by sex, were used to estimate associations between within-child changes in HEI-2020 and changes in BMI. We assessed interactions by concurrent adolescent BMI category and age. RESULTS: After covariate adjustment, a 10-point increase in total HEI-2020 was associated with 0.09 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.051, 0.121] and 0.04 (95% CI: 0.011, 0.066) decreases in BMI for boys and girls, respectively. Of the 13 HEI-2020 components, only the greens/beans, fatty acids adequacy scores, and saturated fatty acid moderation scores were inversely related to BMI. A 1-point increase in the dairy component was associated with mean increases of 0.02 for boys and girls. Associations between total HEI-2020 and BMI were stronger for youth classified as overweight/obese and for older age, although associations were still relatively small. CONCLUSIONS: Improved adherence to the Dietary Guidelines, 2020-2025, was associated with small, though clinically insignificant, decreases in mean BMI among adolescents. Relationships for specific HEI components were heterogeneous and warrant further study. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 American Society for Nutrition. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Lee, Matthew M AU - Lee MM AD - Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States. Electronic address: matthewlee@kurtosisresearch.com. FAU - Poole, Mary Kathryn AU - Poole MK AD - Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States. FAU - Chen, Jarvis T AU - Chen JT AD - Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States. FAU - Gortmaker, Steven L AU - Gortmaker SL AD - Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States. FAU - Stephenson, Briana Joy K AU - Stephenson BJK AD - Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States. FAU - Haines, Jess AU - Haines J AD - Department of Family Relations & Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada. FAU - Chavarro, Jorge E AU - Chavarro JE AD - Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States. FAU - Diamantis, Dimitrios V AU - Diamantis DV AD - Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States. FAU - Kenney, Erica L AU - Kenney EL AD - Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States. LA - eng GR - T32 HL098048/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 CA176726/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 HL145386/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260717 PL - United States TA - J Nutr JT - The Journal of nutrition JID - 0404243 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Body Mass Index MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Prospective Studies MH - *Diet, Healthy MH - Male MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Nutrition Policy MH - Child MH - United States PMC - PMC13531323 MID - NIHMS2202929 OTO - NOTNLM OT - BMI OT - Dietary Guidelines for Americans OT - Growing Up Today Study OT - Healthy Eating Index OT - child nutrition OT - diet quality OT - longitudinal cohort study OT - nutrition epidemiology OT - obesity OT - prospective cohort study COIS- Conflict of interest The authors report no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/18 00:38 MHDA- 2026/09/04 23:36 PMCR- 2026/09/02 CRDT- 2026/07/17 19:12 PHST- 2026/04/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/04 23:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/18 00:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/17 19:12 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0022-3166(26)00384-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.tjnut.2026.101735 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Nutr. 2026 Sep;156(9):101735. doi: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2026.101735. Epub 2026 Jul 17. PMID- 42468723 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261009 LR - 20261013 IS - 1541-6100 (Electronic) IS - 0022-3166 (Linking) VI - 156 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Impact of Behavior Change Communication and Small-Quantity-Lipid-Based Nutrient Supplementation on Nutrient Intake and Adequacy among 12-Month-Old Infants in Rural Zimbabwe: Substudy of a Cluster-Randomized Trial. PG - 101728 LID - S0022-3166(26)00377-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.tjnut.2026.101728 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Poor complementary feeding practices between 6 and 24 mo are a major driver of infant undernutrition. We evaluated an infant and young child feeding (IYCF) intervention combining behavior change communication (BCC) and small-quantity-lipid-based nutrient supplement (SQ-LNS) within the Sanitation Hygiene Infant Nutrition Efficacy (SHINE) cluster-randomized trial in rural Zimbabwe. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to assess the impact of the IYCF intervention on infant nutrient intake from complementary foods assessed by 24-h dietary recall. METHODS: The SHINE trial was a cluster-randomized 2 x 2 factorial trial assessing individual and combined effects of IYCF and water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) interventions on stunting and anemia in rural Zimbabwe (NCT01824940). We conducted multipass 24-h dietary recalls among 194 randomly selected caregivers of 12-mo-old infants. Nutrient intake and adequacy were compared between children in the IYCF intervention arms (BCC + daily SQ-LNS; n = 99) and non-IYCF arms (standard of care with or without WASH; n = 94), with analyses conducted both including and excluding the contribution of SQ-LNS-derived nutrients, using the measurement-error method. RESULTS: Energy intake was higher in IYCF compared with non-IYCF infants [531 (404) compared with 426 (272) kcal/d; P = 0.03]. IYCF infants had greater micronutrient intake and adequacy (vitamin A, folate, calcium, iron and zinc; all P < 0.01). However, many children still did not meet their dietary requirements, particularly for calcium and folate. Intakes of all macronutrients and micronutrients from nonsupplement foods did not differ significantly between the IYCF and non-IYCF groups, which suggests that the SQ-LNS provided all the nutritional benefit and did not replace nonsupplement food intake. CONCLUSIONS: The IYCF intervention improved energy and micronutrient intake and improved micronutrient adequacy, primarily through SQ-LNS, with no displacement of other food intake. However, no differences in intake from nonsupplement foods were observed, indicating that BCC alone had no effect on complementary feeding. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01883193 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01824940). CI - Copyright (c) 2026. Published by Elsevier Inc. FAU - Fundira, Dadirai AU - Fundira D AD - Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States; Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe. FAU - Mbuya, Mduduzi Nn AU - Mbuya MN AD - Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe; Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition, Geneva, Switzerland. FAU - Larson, Elisabeth A AU - Larson EA AD - Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States. FAU - Chasekwa, Bernard AU - Chasekwa B AD - Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe. FAU - Humphrey, Jean H AU - Humphrey JH AD - Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States. FAU - Pelto, Gretel AU - Pelto G AD - Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States. FAU - Rasmussen, Kathleen M AU - Rasmussen KM AD - Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States. FAU - Stoltzfus, Rebecca J AU - Stoltzfus RJ AD - Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States. FAU - Smith, Laura E AU - Smith LE AD - Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe; Department of Public and Ecosystem Health, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States. Electronic address: les36@cornell.edu. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT01824940 SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT01883193 PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20260717 PL - United States TA - J Nutr JT - The Journal of nutrition JID - 0404243 RN - 0 (Lipids) RN - 0 (Micronutrients) RN - 0 (Dietary Fats) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - Zimbabwe MH - *Dietary Supplements MH - *Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena MH - Female MH - Male MH - Rural Population MH - Energy Intake MH - *Nutrients/administration & dosage MH - *Lipids/administration & dosage MH - Micronutrients/administration & dosage MH - *Dietary Fats/administration & dosage MH - Diet OTO - NOTNLM OT - behavior change communication OT - dietary recall OT - macronutrient intake OT - micronutrient intake OT - small-quantity-lipid-based nutrient supplement COIS- Conflict of interest The authors report no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/18 00:38 MHDA- 2026/10/09 23:31 CRDT- 2026/07/17 19:12 PHST- 2026/01/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/09 23:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/18 00:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/17 19:12 [entrez] AID - S0022-3166(26)00377-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.tjnut.2026.101728 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Nutr. 2026 Oct;156(10):101728. doi: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2026.101728. Epub 2026 Jul 17. PMID- 42467974 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261005 LR - 20261016 IS - 1473-5687 (Electronic) IS - 0954-691X (Linking) VI - 38 IP - 11 DP - 2026 Nov 1 TI - COMPLY-CATeD: Celiac Adherence in Teens Diagnosed: an Italian multicentric study. PG - 1305-1310 LID - 10.1097/MEG.0000000000003227 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: Gluten-free diet (GFD) is, to date, the only effective therapeutic intervention for coeliac disease (CeD). Evaluation of dietary adherence is of the utmost importance in the management of CeD. However, in the paediatric population, there is limited data concerning the adherence to the GFD in patients diagnosed via bioptic confirmation compared to those diagnosed through the biopsy-sparing method, according to the ESPGHAN 2012 guidelines. In this multicentric study, we investigated dietary adherence in a group of adolescents with CeD, comparing patients diagnosed with the two different diagnostic modalities, and we proposed the validation of an evaluation tool for the GFD compliance in this population. METHODS: A total of 206 patients aged 14-18 years, diagnosed between 2012 and 2019, all with CeD and on a GFD for at least 2 years, were included. Adherence was assessed using the Leffler questionnaire [Celiac Dietary Adherence Test (CDAT)] and the Biagi score. RESULTS: Among participants, 81.1% had been diagnosed through biopsy. No significant difference in Biagi scores was observed between the two groups ( P = 0.057). Regarding the CDAT, poor or suboptimal adherence (score: >/=13) was identified in 66 patients diagnosed by biopsy and 12 patients diagnosed by the biopsy-sparing approach ( P = 0.362). A multivariate analysis exploring the influence of diagnostic method, age at diagnosis, and education level on CDAT scores did not reach statistical significance ( P = 0.1, R2 = 0.031). CONCLUSION: Adherence to a GFD does not differ between adolescents diagnosed by biopsy and those diagnosed through the biopsy-sparing approach, irrespective of age at diagnosis or educational level. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Wolters Kluwer Health, LLC. All rights reserved. FAU - Morelli, Annalisa AU - Morelli A AD - Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Scuola Medica Salernitana', Pediatrics Section, University of Salerno, Baronissi. AD - Gastroenterology and Nutritional Rehabilitation Unit, 'Bambino Gesu' Children's Hospital, IRCCS. FAU - Montuori, Monica AU - Montuori M AD - Pediatric Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome. FAU - Ferretti, Francesca AU - Ferretti F AD - Gastroenterology and Nutritional Rehabilitation Unit, 'Bambino Gesu' Children's Hospital, IRCCS. FAU - Diamanti, Antonella AU - Diamanti A AD - Gastroenterology and Nutritional Rehabilitation Unit, 'Bambino Gesu' Children's Hospital, IRCCS. FAU - Francisci, Silvia AU - Francisci S AD - Pediatric Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome. FAU - Oliva, Salvatore AU - Oliva S AD - Pediatric Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome. FAU - Dipasquale, Valeria AU - Dipasquale V AD - Pediatric Gastroenterology and Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood 'G. Barresi', University of Messina, Messina. FAU - Romano, Claudio AU - Romano C AD - Pediatric Gastroenterology and Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood 'G. Barresi', University of Messina, Messina. FAU - Monzani, Alice AU - Monzani A AD - Division of Pediatrics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara. FAU - Graziano, Francesco AU - Graziano F AD - Pediatric Unit, Villa Sofia Cervello Hospital, Palermo. FAU - Nosratian, Valentina AU - Nosratian V AD - Pediatric Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova. FAU - Malerba, Federica AU - Malerba F AD - Pediatric Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova. FAU - Crocco, Marco AU - Crocco M AD - Pediatric Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova. FAU - Banzato, Claudia AU - Banzato C AD - Department of Pediatrics, Woman's and Child's University Hospital of Verona, Verona. FAU - Valitutti, Francesco AU - Valitutti F AD - Department of Medicine and Surgery, Pediatrics section, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy. FAU - Trovato, Chiara Maria AU - Trovato CM AD - Pediatric Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome. CN - 'Food-induced disease' study group of SIGENP LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260930 PL - England TA - Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol JT - European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology JID - 9000874 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - *Celiac Disease/diet therapy/diagnosis/psychology MH - *Diet, Gluten-Free MH - Female MH - *Patient Compliance/statistics & numerical data MH - Male MH - Italy MH - Biopsy MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Adolescent Behavior OTO - NOTNLM OT - coeliac disease in adolescents OT - dietary adherence OT - gluten-free diet EDAT- 2026/07/17 19:17 MHDA- 2026/10/05 17:31 CRDT- 2026/07/17 16:54 PHST- 2026/10/05 17:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/17 19:17 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/17 16:54 [entrez] AID - 00042737-990000000-00721 [pii] AID - 10.1097/MEG.0000000000003227 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2026 Nov 1;38(11):1305-1310. doi: 10.1097/MEG.0000000000003227. Epub 2026 Sep 30. PMID- 42467912 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261012 LR - 20261012 IS - 2198-3844 (Electronic) IS - 2198-3844 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 55 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Multiscale Coupling From Mastication to Retronasal Aroma Perception: The PG-DTCFN Model and Multiphysics Simulation. PG - e76523 LID - 10.1002/advs.76523 [doi] LID - e76523 AB - Retronasal olfaction is central to food flavor perception, yet its multiscale mechanisms from the oral processing to the central nervous system lack systematic elucidation. This study employs grilled lamb skewers as a model, integrating multi-dimensional data and simulations to construct a research paradigm tracing the pathway from bolus release to central perception. Results reveal that extended grilling time increases bolus hardness and chewing force, with the 12 min sample exhibiting a collision intensity of 1.128, establishing a dual-kinetic profile for aroma release. Efficiently transported aroma molecules target the olfactory cleft region, with characteristic volatile compounds substantially enriched at 30 s of chewing. Electroencephalogram (EEG) analysis distinguishes basic neural encoding of isolated aroma from multisensory cross-modal integration during eating, with enhanced coupling between prefrontal alpha asymmetry and midline theta power (r = 0.36), delineating an inferred three-stage framework from peripheral input to reward-associated cortical responses. This framework is proposed based on EEG spatiotemporal patterns and source localization results, providing a testable model for future mechanistic studies. A physics-guided dual-timescale cross-field interaction network achieves high-accuracy, interpretable prediction of retronasal aroma intensity, while a complementary multiphysics simulation reproduces the complete physical process from chewing to nasal transport. This study pioneers a unified framework integrating macro-scale processing, meso-scale bolus evolution, micro-scale molecular transport, and neural responses, providing a transferable methodological paradigm for flavor science. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Advanced Science published by Wiley-VCH GmbH. FAU - Shen, Che AU - Shen C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1188-7332 AD - Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China. FAU - He, Xiongfeng AU - He X AD - Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China. FAU - Li, Zihao AU - Li Z AD - Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China. FAU - Chen, Zidong AU - Chen Z AD - School of Computer Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia. FAU - Sun, Jiajin AU - Sun J AD - Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China. FAU - Jiang, Xinyu AU - Jiang X AD - Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China. FAU - Zhang, Yunhui AU - Zhang Y AD - Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China. FAU - Wu, Lizhang AU - Wu L AD - Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China. FAU - Wang, Ran AU - Wang R AD - Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China. FAU - Lu, Jingnan AU - Lu J AD - Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China. FAU - Wang, Bo AU - Wang B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0443-5912 AD - College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou, China. FAU - Cai, Kezhou AU - Cai K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9676-0829 AD - Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China. FAU - Xu, Baocai AU - Xu B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0706-8863 AD - Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China. LA - eng GR - 2025YFE0205300/National Key Research and Development Project/ GR - 2023n06020011/Anhui Provincial Key Research and Development Project/ GR - Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China/ GR - 2023n06020011/Department of Science and Technology of Anhui Province (Key R & D Program of Anhui Province/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260717 PL - Germany TA - Adv Sci (Weinh) JT - Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) JID - 101664569 SB - IM MH - *Mastication/physiology MH - *Odorants/analysis MH - *Olfactory Perception/physiology MH - Smell/physiology MH - Nose/physiology MH - Food MH - *Electroencephalography/methods MH - Eating/physiology/psychology MH - Prefrontal Cortex/diagnostic imaging/physiology MH - Theta Rhythm/physiology MH - Reward MH - *Computer Simulation MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - Adult PMC - PMC13379262 OTO - NOTNLM OT - bolus OT - deep learning OT - electroencephalogram (EEG) OT - gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) OT - grilled lamb skewers OT - oral processing OT - retronasal olfaction COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/17 19:17 MHDA- 2026/10/05 11:31 PMCR- 2026/07/17 CRDT- 2026/07/17 16:34 PHST- 2026/06/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/05 11:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/17 19:17 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/17 16:34 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ADVS76523 [pii] AID - 10.1002/advs.76523 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Adv Sci (Weinh). 2026 Oct;13(55):e76523. doi: 10.1002/advs.76523. Epub 2026 Jul 17. PMID- 42467570 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260803 LR - 20260813 IS - 1469-0705 (Electronic) IS - 0960-7692 (Print) IS - 0960-7692 (Linking) VI - 68 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Development and external validation of prognostic markers to predict pump-twin survival in twin reversed arterial perfusion sequence. PG - 220-228 LID - 10.1002/uog.70256 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the outcome of monochorionic diamniotic (MCDA) pregnancies complicated by twin reversed arterial perfusion (TRAP) sequence and to evaluate potential prognostic ultrasound markers as predictors of pump-twin survival. METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study of MCDA twin pregnancies diagnosed with TRAP sequence at two medical centers in China between January 2010 and December 2024. All cases were analyzed retrospectively for intrauterine course and outcome. Cases that underwent expectant management were assigned to the primary cohort (cases from the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou) or the external-validation cohort (cases from Dalian Women and Children's Medical Group, Dalian). Cases that underwent intrauterine intervention at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were assigned to the intrauterine-intervention cohort. The following parameters were evaluated in the primary and external-validation cohorts for their predictive value regarding pump-twin survival: in the first trimester, the crown-rump length (CRL) and nuchal translucency thickness of the pump twin, the upper pole-rump length (URL) of the acardiac twin, the URL/CRL ratio, and the presence of reversed a-wave in the ductus venosus and the umbilical artery pulsatility index (UA-PI) in the acardiac twin; and in the second trimester, the URL of the acardiac twin, the estimated fetal weight (EFW) of each twin, the twin weight ratio (TWR) (EFW(acardiac twin)/EFW(pump twin)) and the UA-PI of each twin. Univariate Cox regression analysis was performed to identify the parameters associated with pump-twin survival. Performance was evaluated by the area under the receiver-operating-characteristics curves (AUCs) and calibration curves. Finally, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed. RESULTS: A total of 117 MCDA pregnancies with TRAP sequence were included in the analysis: 55 in the primary cohort, 38 in the intrauterine-intervention cohort and 24 in the external-validation cohort. The overall pump-twin survival rate was 65.8% (77/117). Three variables (URL and URL/CRL ratio in the first trimester and TWR in the second trimester) were identified to be independent risk factors influencing pump-twin survival in both the primary and external-validation cohorts. The AUCs were indicative of good predictive discrimination in both cohorts: 0.811 (95% CI, 0.667-0.956) for URL, 0.780 (95% CI, 0.619-0.941) for the URL/CRL ratio and 0.859 (95% CI, 0.730-0.988) for TWR in the primary cohort; and 0.844 (95% CI, 0.662-1.000) for URL, 0.823 (0.633-1.000) for the URL/CRL ratio and 0.925 (95% CI, 0.766-1.000) for TWR in the external-validation cohort. The optimal cut-off values were 4.85 cm for URL, 0.54 for the URL/CRL ratio and 0.295 for TWR in the primary cohort. The TWR exhibited good calibration, but URL and the URL/CRL ratio exhibited poor calibration. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that pump twins with TWR >/= 0.295 experienced a significantly shorter intrauterine survival duration in both the primary and external-validation cohorts, and pump twins with URL >/= 4.85 cm or URL/CRL ratio >/= 0.54 experienced a significantly shorter intrauterine survival duration in the primary cohort. However, the optimal cut-offs of URL and the URL/CRL ratio showed no statistical difference in the external-validation cohort. CONCLUSION: After 14 + 0 weeks' gestation, the threshold of TWR < 0.295 can reliably predict survival of the pump twin in MCDA pregnancies with TRAP sequence. However, the predictive value of URL and the URL/CRL ratio in the first trimester for pump-twin survival is poor. A well-designed prospective multicenter study is warranted to develop a first-trimester multivariable predictive model with enhanced predictive performance. (c) 2026 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. CI - (c) 2026 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. FAU - Wu, L-H AU - Wu LH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0354-3396 AD - Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Yang, Y-Y AU - Yang YY AD - Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Shen, H AU - Shen H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9576-2619 AD - Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Du, L AU - Du L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5049-2267 AD - Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Liu, Y AU - Liu Y AD - Department of Ultrasound, Dalian Women and Children's Medical Group, Dalian, China. FAU - Peng, R AU - Peng R AD - Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Xie, H-N AU - Xie HN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1705-1328 AD - Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260717 PL - England TA - Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol JT - Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology JID - 9108340 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Prognosis MH - *Pregnancy, Twin MH - *Ultrasonography, Prenatal MH - *Fetofetal Transfusion/diagnostic imaging/mortality MH - Crown-Rump Length MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - China MH - Adult MH - Nuchal Translucency Measurement MH - Pregnancy Outcome MH - Umbilical Arteries/diagnostic imaging/embryology PMC - PMC13432978 OTO - NOTNLM OT - TRAP sequence OT - prognostic predictors OT - pump-twin survival OT - twin reversed arterial perfusion sequence OT - ultrasound EDAT- 2026/07/17 19:17 MHDA- 2026/08/03 18:37 PMCR- 2026/08/03 CRDT- 2026/07/17 13:03 PHST- 2026/01/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/11/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/03 18:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/17 19:17 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/17 13:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - UOG70256 [pii] AID - 10.1002/uog.70256 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2026 Aug;68(2):220-228. doi: 10.1002/uog.70256. Epub 2026 Jul 17. PMID- 42464261 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261012 LR - 20261014 IS - 1465-993X (Electronic) IS - 1465-9921 (Print) IS - 1465-9921 (Linking) VI - 27 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 17 TI - Aspartame and asthma: immunomodulatory effects on airway inflammation. LID - 10.1186/s12931-026-03820-1 [doi] LID - 393 AB - BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Asthma is a heterogeneous inflammatory airway disease influenced by genetic and environmental factors, including diet. Aspartame, a widely used artificial sweetener, has been implicated in immunometabolic changes that may affect asthma risk, but the potential role evidence remains limited. We aimed to examine the association between aspartame intake and asthma outcomes using integrated human analyses and complementary animal experiments. METHODS: Human data were obtained from 1021 adolescents in the Taiwan Puberty Longitudinal Study. Aspartame consumption, assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire, was categorized as none, low, or high based on median intake. Asthma status was determined based on physician diagnosis and symptom history. In parallel, BALB/c mice were sensitized with house dust mite (HDM) extract and administered oral aspartame at 15, 30, or 60 mg/kg/day for 10 weeks. Immunological, microbiome, metabolic, and histopathological parameters were evaluated. RESULTS: Low aspartame consumption was significantly associated with higher odds of asthma (odds ratio = 2.852; 95% confidence interval: 1.038-8.014; p = 0.0369). In mice, aspartame exposure increased serum IgE levels, airway inflammation, and MMP-12 and MCP-1 expression. Although lung function changes were not statistically significant, histological analyses revealed more pronounced goblet cell hyperplasia, peribronchial collagen deposition, and eosinophilic infiltration, especially in the 60 mg/kg group. Aspartame also reduced microbial alpha-diversity and altered microbial composition. Short-chain fatty acids profiling revealed significantly decreased isobutyric, hexanoic, and heptanoic acid levels in aspartame-treated mice. CONCLUSIONS: Aspartame intake exacerbates asthma-related immunological, microbial, and histological disturbances. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Utami, Fasty Arum AU - Utami FA AD - School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. AD - Department of Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia. FAU - Huang, Shih-Yi AU - Huang SY AD - School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. FAU - Liu, Yu-Hsiang AU - Liu YH AD - Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. FAU - Hsu, Jhih-Wei AU - Hsu JW AD - Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. FAU - Mazariegos, Jose Roberto Rodriguez AU - Mazariegos JRR AD - College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. AD - Faculty of Health Sciences, Rafael Landivar University, Guatemala City, 01016, Guatemala. FAU - Nguyen, Nam Nhat AU - Nguyen NN AD - Endocrinology Clinic, Hanh Phuc International Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam. FAU - Huang, Shiu-Wen AU - Huang SW AD - Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. AD - Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. FAU - Weng, Chih-Ming AU - Weng CM AD - School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. FAU - Chuang, Hsiao-Chi AU - Chuang HC AD - School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. FAU - Huang, Chung-Hsiung AU - Huang CH AD - Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 202301, Taiwan. FAU - Tsai, Wan-Ling AU - Tsai WL AD - School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, 831, Taiwan. FAU - Chen, Yang-Ching AU - Chen YC AD - School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. melisa26@tmu.edu.tw. AD - Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. melisa26@tmu.edu.tw. AD - Department of Family Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11696, Taiwan. melisa26@tmu.edu.tw. AD - Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. melisa26@tmu.edu.tw. AD - Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. melisa26@tmu.edu.tw. AD - Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. melisa26@tmu.edu.tw. AD - TMU Research Center for Digestive Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. melisa26@tmu.edu.tw. AD - Child Development Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. melisa26@tmu.edu.tw. LA - eng GR - 113-2628-B-038-006-MY3/National Science and Technology Council/ GR - 112TMU-TMUH-02-1 and 113TMU-TMUH-01/Taipei Medical University Hospital/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260717 PL - England TA - Respir Res JT - Respiratory research JID - 101090633 RN - Z0H242BBR1 (Aspartame) RN - 0 (Sweetening Agents) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - *Asthma/immunology/chemically induced/epidemiology/metabolism MH - Humans MH - *Aspartame/administration & dosage/adverse effects MH - Adolescent MH - Male MH - Female MH - Mice, Inbred BALB C MH - Mice MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Taiwan/epidemiology MH - *Lung/drug effects/immunology/metabolism MH - *Sweetening Agents/administration & dosage/adverse effects MH - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug PMC - PMC13656438 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Airway Inflammation OT - Aspartame OT - Asthma OT - Microbiota OT - Non-nutritive Sweeteners OT - Short-chain fatty acids COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The human study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Taipei Medical University (N202203060) and conducted according to the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from both parents/guardians and participating children. Animal procedures were approved by the Taipei Medical University IACUC (LAC2022-0241, LAC2023-0236) and complied with institutional and international animal care guidelines. Consent for publication: Written informed consent for publication of the study data, including any potentially identifiable information, was obtained from all participating children and their parents or legal guardians. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/17 06:44 MHDA- 2026/10/12 05:32 PMCR- 2026/07/17 CRDT- 2026/07/17 00:51 PHST- 2025/10/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/12 05:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/17 06:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/17 00:51 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12931-026-03820-1 [pii] AID - 3820 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12931-026-03820-1 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Respir Res. 2026 Jul 17;27(1):393. doi: 10.1186/s12931-026-03820-1. PMID- 42464168 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260929 LR - 20260930 IS - 1471-2393 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2393 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 16 TI - Differences in fetal soft tissue thickness between GDM and non-GDM pregnancies and an exploratory nomogram for LGA prediction. LID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09665-2 [doi] LID - 1073 AB - BACKGROUND: This study aimed to compare fetal soft tissue thickness, particularly anterior abdominal wall thickness (AAWT), between GDM and non-GDM pregnancies, and to preliminarily explore its association with LGA as a secondary analysis. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 250 pregnant women who underwent regular prenatal examinations at our hospital from January 2021 to February 2022, consisting of 125 cases in the GDM group and 125 in the non-GDM group. Ultrasound measurements of conventional fetal biometric parameters (biparietal diameter [BPD], head circumference [HC], abdominal circumference [AC], and femur length [FL]) and AAWT, fetal thigh soft tissue thickness [FTSTT], thigh muscle thickness [TM], and thigh fat thickness [TF]) were performed at 24-26, 30-32, and 36-38 weeks of gestation. Differences between the two groups were compared. Correlations between each indicator and birth weight were analyzed, along with their individual predictive efficacy for LGA. Predictor variables were selected using univariate and multivariate logistic regression as well as LASSO regression to construct an LGA risk prediction model. Its performance was compared with a estimated fetal weight (EFW) prediction model. Finally, a nomogram was developed for visual prediction. RESULTS: Maternal age, pre-pregnancy BMI, and neonatal birth weight were significantly higher in the GDM group than in the non-GDM group (P < 0.05). Fetal AAWT was also significantly greater in the GDM group across all measured gestational periods (P < 0.05). In LGA fetuses, AAWT and AC, and other parameters were significantly larger than in non-LGA fetuses at all gestational weeks (P < 0.05). Among all indicators, AAWT exhibited the strongest correlation with birth weight, and this correlation strengthened with advancing gestation (r = 0.666 at 36-38 weeks). ROC curve analysis showed that AAWT at 36-38 weeks had the highest predictive efficacy for LGA (AUC = 0.940). The multivariate logistic regression model identified AAWT at 30-32 weeks, AAWT at 36-38 weeks, and AC as independent predictors of LGA. The logistic regression model constructed based on these factors demonstrated good predictive performance (AUC = 0.966) and outperformed the EFW prediction model. Based on this model, a clinically practical nomogram was subsequently established. CONCLUSIONS: Fetal AAWT is significantly greater in GDM pregnancies than in non-GDM pregnancies and is strongly associated with LGA. A preliminary exploratory model incorporating AAWT and AC demonstrated potential utility in identifying LGA, but these findings require validation in larger, LGA-enriched cohorts. The nomogram should be considered hypothesis-generating rather than ready for clinical implementation. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Zeng, Qiaoli AU - Zeng Q AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, China. AD - Key Laboratory of Research in Maternal and Child Medicine and Birth Defects, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, China. AD - Maternal and Child Research Institute, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, China. FAU - Hu, Chunyan AU - Hu C AD - Department of Ultrasound, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, China. FAU - Liang, Yuqiao AU - Liang Y AD - Department of Ultrasound, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, China. FAU - Liu, Jiaxin AU - Liu J AD - Department of Ultrasound, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, China. FAU - Chen, Yixing AU - Chen Y AD - Department of Ultrasound, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, China. FAU - Zhao, Dan AU - Zhao D AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, China. FAU - Wei, Yue AU - Wei Y AD - Department of Ultrasound, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, China. weiyue138@163.com. FAU - Guo, Runmin AU - Guo R AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, China. runmin.guo@gdmu.edu.cn. AD - Key Laboratory of Research in Maternal and Child Medicine and Birth Defects, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, China. runmin.guo@gdmu.edu.cn. AD - Maternal and Child Research Institute, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, China. runmin.guo@gdmu.edu.cn. LA - eng GR - 2520001002619/Self-financing science and technology project of Foshan/ GR - 2420001004539/Self-financing science and technology project of Foshan/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260716 PL - England TA - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth JT - BMC pregnancy and childbirth JID - 100967799 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *Nomograms MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Infant, Large for Gestational Age MH - Ultrasonography, Prenatal MH - Adult MH - *Diabetes, Gestational MH - *Abdominal Wall/diagnostic imaging/embryology MH - *Fetus/diagnostic imaging MH - *Fetal Macrosomia MH - Fetal Weight PMC - PMC13617886 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Fetal Anterior Abdominal Wall Thickness OT - Gestational Diabetes Mellitus OT - Large for Gestational Age OT - Logistic Regression Model OT - Nomogram OT - Ultrasonography COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The studies involving humans were approved by Ethics Committee of Shunde Women and Children's Hospital of Guangdong Medical University (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan) (KY-2025-071-1); in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/17 06:44 MHDA- 2026/09/29 06:25 PMCR- 2026/07/16 CRDT- 2026/07/17 00:47 PHST- 2026/01/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/29 06:25 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/17 06:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/17 00:47 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09665-2 [pii] AID - 9665 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09665-2 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2026 Jul 16;26(1):1073. doi: 10.1186/s12884-026-09665-2. PMID- 42463960 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260926 IS - 2731-4251 (Electronic) IS - 2731-4251 (Linking) VI - 5 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 16 TI - Mendelian randomization of risk factors for premenstrual disorders. LID - 10.1038/s44184-026-00231-4 [doi] LID - 35 AB - The causal role of established risk factors for premenstrual disorders (PMDs) remains unclear. We used Mendelian randomization (MR) to assess causality for eight known-risk factors identified through a literature review. Summary statistics for these risk factors were from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) with sample size ranging from 129,017 to 1.2 million, and for PMDs from a GWAS of 72,297 participants. Findings were validated using one-sample MR in LifeGene cohort (n = 5674-5937). In two-sample MR, genetic liability to smoking initiation (OR = 1.25 (1.10-1.43)), earlier menarche (OR = 0.94 (0.89-0.98) per year), and higher BMI (OR = 1.19 (1.05-1.34) per kg/m(2)) were associated with PMD risk. No causal association was indicated for anemia, childhood abuse, childhood asthma, diabetes, and endometriosis. In one-sample MR, point estimates for BMI (OR = 1.10 (0.88-1.38) per kg/m(2)) and earlier menarche (OR = 0.98 (0.83-1.15) per year) were directionally consistent with the two-sample MR findings, but the confidence intervals included null effects. However, a null association was observed for smoking (OR = 0.94 (0.77-1.16)). The two-sample MR supports causal role of earlier menarche, higher BMI, and smoking in risk of PMDs. The lack of replication in one-sample MR highlights the need for triangulating evidence from future well-powered and methodologically comparable studies to strengthen these findings. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Yang, Yihui AU - Yang Y AD - Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. yihui.yang.2@ki.se. FAU - Tang, Bowen AU - Tang B AD - Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Hysaj, Elgeta AU - Hysaj E AD - Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Xiang, Nanyan AU - Xiang N AD - Health Management Center, General Practice Medical Center, Lab of Health Data Science, Innovation Institute for Integration of Medicine and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. FAU - Qu, Susu AU - Qu S AD - Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Hagg, Sara AU - Hagg S AD - Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Valdimarsdottir, Unnur A AU - Valdimarsdottir UA AD - Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. AD - Center of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland. AD - Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Bertone-Johnson, Elizabeth AU - Bertone-Johnson E AD - Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA. AD - Department of Health Promotion and Policy, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA. FAU - Lu, Yi AU - Lu Y AD - Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Lu, Donghao AU - Lu D AD - Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. donghao.lu@ki.se. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260716 PL - England TA - Npj Ment Health Res JT - Npj mental health research JID - 9918592488906676 PMC - PMC13376395 COIS- Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/17 04:03 MHDA- 2026/07/17 04:04 PMCR- 2026/07/16 CRDT- 2026/07/16 23:48 PHST- 2026/02/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/17 04:04 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/17 04:03 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/16 23:48 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s44184-026-00231-4 [pii] AID - 231 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s44184-026-00231-4 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Npj Ment Health Res. 2026 Jul 16;5(1):35. doi: 10.1038/s44184-026-00231-4. PMID- 42462817 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260901 LR - 20260923 IS - 1938-3207 (Electronic) IS - 0002-9165 (Print) IS - 0002-9165 (Linking) VI - 124 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Metabolites co-correlating with maternal obesity and gestational weight gain and offspring childhood obesity: a prospective birth cohort study. PG - 101437 LID - S0002-9165(26)00246-7 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2026.101437 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Elevated prepregnancy body mass index (ppBMI) and excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) may contribute to the development of childhood overweight or obesity (COWO), potentially by altering the intrauterine metabolic environment. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of maternal obesity phenotypes on maternal and umbilical cord blood metabolomic profiles, both individually and collectively, and to further examine their association with COWO incidence from preschool through adolescence. METHODS: We analyzed 1253 mother-child dyads with maternal metabolomic data collected 1 to 3 d postpartum and 856 dyads with cord metabolomic data from a prospective multiethnic birth cohort. Metabolomics was profiled using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. COWO was defined as a BMI >/= 85th percentile for a specific age and sex. Metabolomic signatures of maternal obesity and scores were derived using linear regression and elastic net regression, and their associations with COWO were assessed via logistic regression. RESULTS: Most maternal metabolites were significantly correlated with corresponding cord metabolites (Spearman's rho: 0.11-0.67; adjusted P < 0.05), except for steroids and certain phospholipids. ppBMI was significantly associated with broad-based alterations in maternal metabolite profiles, particularly medium-chain acylcarnitines, saturated sphingomyelins, triacylglycerols, and phospholipids carrying PUFAs. We further developed ppBMI-related multi-metabolite scores (Pearson's r = 0.43-0.64) that were associated with higher birthweight (beta = 0.07-0.11; P < 0.013) and increased COWO risk (odds ratio: 1.18-1.61; all P < 0.05) from preschool through adolescence. A similar pattern was observed for GWG. In mediation analyses, the maternal metabolite score explained 12.3% (95% confidence interval: 2.18, 24.5; P = 0.02) of the association between ppBMI and BMI z-score at the last well-child visit. CONCLUSIONS: Metabolomic profiles are associated with and may partly mediate the association between maternal obesity, particularly ppBMI, and an increased risk of COWO. These findings warrant validation in independent cohorts. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 American Society for Nutrition. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Yun, Huan AU - Yun H AD - Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States. FAU - Meir, Anat Yaskolka AU - Meir AY AD - Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States. FAU - Hu, Jie AU - Hu J AD - Epidemiology and Center for Genomic Medicine and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States. FAU - Wang, Guoying AU - Wang G AD - Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, John Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States. FAU - Hu, Frank B AU - Hu FB AD - Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States. FAU - Hong, Xiumei AU - Hong X AD - Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, John Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States. FAU - Wang, Xiaobin AU - Wang X AD - Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, John Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States. FAU - Liang, Liming AU - Liang L AD - Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States. Electronic address: lliang@hsph.harvard.edu. LA - eng GR - R01 ES031521/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States GR - R21 AI171059/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 ES031272/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States GR - R21 HD116039/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 ES034983/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 HD041702/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260716 PL - United States TA - Am J Clin Nutr JT - The American journal of clinical nutrition JID - 0376027 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *Gestational Weight Gain MH - Prospective Studies MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Pediatric Obesity/etiology/metabolism/epidemiology MH - Birth Cohort MH - Child MH - Body Mass Index MH - *Pregnancy in Obesity/metabolism MH - Male MH - Fetal Blood/metabolism MH - Adult MH - Adolescent MH - *Metabolome MH - Metabolomics MH - Developmental Origins of Health and Disease MH - *Obesity PMC - PMC13390791 MID - NIHMS2196151 OTO - NOTNLM OT - birth cohort OT - childhood overweight or obesity OT - gestational weight gain OT - metabolome OT - prepregnancy BMI COIS- Conflict of interest The authors report no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/17 00:42 MHDA- 2026/09/01 23:34 PMCR- 2026/07/23 CRDT- 2026/07/16 19:11 PHST- 2026/01/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/01 23:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/17 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/16 19:11 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0002-9165(26)00246-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2026.101437 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Am J Clin Nutr. 2026 Sep;124(3):101437. doi: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2026.101437. Epub 2026 Jul 16. PMID- 42462582 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260818 LR - 20260831 IS - 1872-8464 (Electronic) IS - 0165-5876 (Linking) VI - 208 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Evaluation of anatomical and ultrasonographic parameters to predict difficult airway in pediatric patients. PG - 112932 LID - S0165-5876(26)00228-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ijporl.2026.112932 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Predicting a difficult airway in pediatric patients remains challenging due to unique anatomical and physiological characteristics. Traditional bedside predictors show inconsistent accuracy in children, and ultrasonography has emerged as a promising, objective tool for airway evaluation. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic performance of anatomical and ultrasonographic parameters in predicting difficult intubation in pediatric patients. METHODS: In this prospective, double-blind observational study, children aged 1-12 years undergoing elective surgery with endotracheal intubation were evaluated. Clinical assessments included anthropometric measurements and airway tests (Mallampati, thyromental distance (TMD), sternomental distance (SMD), hyomental distance (HMD)). Sonographic measurements-skin-epiglottis distance (S-ED) and skin-hyoid distance (S-HD)-were obtained preoperatively. Difficult intubation was defined as Intubation Difficulty Score (IDS) > 5. ROC curve analyses were used to evaluate diagnostic performance; logistic regression identified independent predictors. RESULTS: A total of 240 children were included, with a difficult-intubation incidence of 20%. S-ED demonstrated the highest predictive accuracy (AUC 0.941), followed by S-HD (AUC 0.912), HMD (AUC 0.898), and Mallampati classification (AUC 0.860). TMD and SMD showed moderate predictive ability. Combining significant clinical and sonographic parameters improved diagnostic performance, with S-ED + S-HD yielding an AUC of 0.961. Multivariable regression identified S-ED (OR 4.61), S-HD (OR 1.76), Mallampati >/= III, and facial anomalies as independent predictors of difficult intubation. The final model correctly classified 95.4% of cases. CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasonographic parameters, particularly S-ED and S-HD, are highly accurate predictors of difficult intubation in children and outperform traditional clinical tests. Combining sonographic with anatomical assessments significantly enhances diagnostic performance. Airway ultrasound provides an objective, reproducible, and non-cooperation-dependent tool that can improve preoperative risk stratification in pediatric anesthesia. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Altun, Demet AU - Altun D AD - Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: drdemetaltun@hotmail.com. FAU - Canbaz, Mert AU - Canbaz M AD - Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Dincer, Muserref Beril AU - Dincer MB AD - Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Demirel, Ebru Emre AU - Demirel EE AD - Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Altun, Dilek AU - Altun D AD - Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Kara, Hakan AU - Kara H AD - Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Sivrikoz, Nukhet AU - Sivrikoz N AD - Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Camci, Emre AU - Camci E AD - Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Istanbul, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260716 PL - Ireland TA - Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol JT - International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology JID - 8003603 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child, Preschool MH - Female MH - Male MH - Child MH - Prospective Studies MH - *Intubation, Intratracheal/methods/adverse effects MH - Infant MH - Ultrasonography MH - Double-Blind Method MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - ROC Curve MH - Elective Surgical Procedures/methods MH - Pediatric Anesthesia MH - *Airway Management/methods OTO - NOTNLM OT - Airway assessment OT - Difficult airway OT - Pediatric anesthesia OT - Pediatric intubation OT - Skin-epiglottis distance OT - Ultrasonography COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/07/17 04:03 MHDA- 2026/08/18 23:36 CRDT- 2026/07/16 18:08 PHST- 2026/06/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/18 23:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/17 04:03 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/16 18:08 [entrez] AID - S0165-5876(26)00228-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ijporl.2026.112932 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2026 Sep;208:112932. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2026.112932. Epub 2026 Jul 16. PMID- 42462323 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260810 LR - 20260810 IS - 1878-5506 (Electronic) IS - 1389-9457 (Linking) VI - 147 DP - 2026 Nov TI - Sleep patterns and determinants of sleep disturbances in preschool children in the CoAlHaS cohort. PG - 109143 LID - S1389-9457(26)00382-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.sleep.2026.109143 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Sleep disturbances represent a significant public health concern from early childhood, given the long-term implications for health and development. This study examined sleep patterns and factors associated with sleep disturbances in preschool-aged children. METHODS: Data were collected from 1287 participants (544 born in 2018 and 743 born in 2020/21) within the CoAlHaS cohort (Cantabria, Spain). Baseline information was obtained at birth, with follow-up data collected through face-to-face visits, including parent interviews, anthropometric measurements and linkage to medical records. Sleep patterns and disturbances were assessed by the Spanish version of the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ-SP). Children were classified as 'poor sleepers' using the validated Spanish threshold of 50.35 points. Associations with perinatal, lifestyle and sociodemographic factors were analysed using one-way ANOVA, independent-samples t-tests and multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS: The prevalence of sleep problems was 36.22% in the total sample. Recommended sleep duration was generally met, although patterns varied between cohorts. Globally, prematurity (OR 2.10, 95% CI 1.24-3.56), increased screen time exposure (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.01-1.10) and late bedtimes (OR 1.46, 95% CI 0.99-2.13) were linked to being a poor sleeper, whereas higher maternal educational attainment (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.40-0.96) and younger age (OR 0.24, 95% CI 0.07-0.77) were associated with reduced odds. CONCLUSION: Sleep disturbances are frequent among early childhood, despite achieving recommended sleep duration. Early identification of children at risk and targeted interventions focusing on sleep routines and modifiable family-level factors could be essential to improve sleep habits. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Sanchez-Piorno, L AU - Sanchez-Piorno L AD - Preventive Medicine Group, University of Cantabria, IDIVAL-Valdecilla Health Research Institute, Santander, Spain. FAU - Gomez-Acebo, I AU - Gomez-Acebo I AD - Preventive Medicine Group, University of Cantabria, IDIVAL-Valdecilla Health Research Institute, Santander, Spain; CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain. FAU - Alonso-Molero, J AU - Alonso-Molero J AD - Preventive Medicine Group, University of Cantabria, IDIVAL-Valdecilla Health Research Institute, Santander, Spain; CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain. FAU - Valero-Dominguez, S AU - Valero-Dominguez S AD - Preventive Medicine Group, University of Cantabria, IDIVAL-Valdecilla Health Research Institute, Santander, Spain; RICORS Node - Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Llorente-Pelayo, S AU - Llorente-Pelayo S AD - Department of Pediatrics, Marques de Valdecilla University Hospital, IDIVAL-Valdecilla Health Research Institute, Santander, Spain. FAU - Lechosa-Muniz, C AU - Lechosa-Muniz C AD - RICORS Node - Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain; Department of Pediatrics, Marques de Valdecilla University Hospital, IDIVAL-Valdecilla Health Research Institute, Santander, Spain. FAU - Cabero-Perez, M AU - Cabero-Perez M AD - RICORS Node - Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain; Department of Pediatrics, Marques de Valdecilla University Hospital, IDIVAL-Valdecilla Health Research Institute, Santander, Spain. FAU - Dierssen-Sotos, T AU - Dierssen-Sotos T AD - Preventive Medicine Group, University of Cantabria, IDIVAL-Valdecilla Health Research Institute, Santander, Spain; CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: trinidad.dierssen@unican.es. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260715 PL - Netherlands TA - Sleep Med JT - Sleep medicine JID - 100898759 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child, Preschool MH - Female MH - *Sleep Wake Disorders/epidemiology MH - Male MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Prevalence MH - Spain/epidemiology MH - Sleep Duration MH - Cohort Studies MH - *Sleep/physiology MH - Risk Factors OTO - NOTNLM OT - Child OT - Preschool OT - Preterm birth OT - Screen time OT - Sleep wake disorders OT - Socioeconomic factors COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/07/16 22:01 MHDA- 2026/08/11 00:35 CRDT- 2026/07/16 18:00 PHST- 2026/03/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/11 00:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/16 22:01 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/16 18:00 [entrez] AID - S1389-9457(26)00382-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.sleep.2026.109143 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Sleep Med. 2026 Nov;147:109143. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2026.109143. Epub 2026 Jul 15. PMID- 42462275 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260905 IS - 2561-326X (Electronic) IS - 2561-326X (Linking) VI - 10 DP - 2026 Jul 16 TI - Physical Activity Monitoring Using Wearable Devices in Young Adults: Secondary Analysis of a 6-Month Motivational Interviewing Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. PG - e94673 LID - 10.2196/94673 [doi] LID - e94673 AB - In this secondary analysis of a pilot randomized controlled trial of university students aged 18 to 29 years, we assessed the feasibility of providing wearable devices to measure physical activity over 6 months, finding that daily adherence declined over time in both groups, while moderate and vigorous physical activity levels remained similar between the control and intervention groups. CI - (c) Nicolette Christodoulakis, Taylor Incze, Sahar Khademioore, Matthew Kwan, Elizabeth Alvarez, Jean-Eric Tarride, Lawrence Mbuagbaw, Laura N Anderson. Originally published in JMIR Formative Research (https://formative.jmir.org). FAU - Christodoulakis, Nicolette AU - Christodoulakis N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7852-139X AD - Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada, 1 (905) 525-9140. FAU - Incze, Taylor AU - Incze T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4076-8578 AD - Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada, 1 (905) 525-9140. FAU - Khademioore, Sahar AU - Khademioore S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3025-0006 AD - Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada, 1 (905) 525-9140. FAU - Kwan, Matthew AU - Kwan M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9757-2771 AD - Department of Child and Youth Studies, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada. AD - Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. AD - School of Human Movement and Nutrition Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. FAU - Alvarez, Elizabeth AU - Alvarez E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2333-0144 AD - Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada, 1 (905) 525-9140. AD - Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analysis (CHEPA), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada. FAU - Tarride, Jean-Eric AU - Tarride JE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2913-7580 AD - Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada, 1 (905) 525-9140. AD - Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analysis (CHEPA), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada. AD - Programs for Assessment of Technology in Health (PATH), The Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada. FAU - Mbuagbaw, Lawrence AU - Mbuagbaw L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5855-5461 AD - Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada, 1 (905) 525-9140. AD - Biostatistics Unit, Father Sean O'Sullivan Research Centre, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada. AD - Department of Anesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada. AD - Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada. AD - Centre for Development of Best Practices in Health, Yaounde Central Hospital, Yaounde, Cameroon. AD - Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Global Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa. FAU - Anderson, Laura N AU - Anderson LN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6106-5073 AD - Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada, 1 (905) 525-9140. AD - Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analysis (CHEPA), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20260716 PL - Canada TA - JMIR Form Res JT - JMIR formative research JID - 101726394 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - *Motivational Interviewing/methods MH - Pilot Projects MH - *Wearable Electronic Devices/standards MH - Secondary Data Analysis PMC - PMC13375207 OTO - NOTNLM OT - exercise OT - fitness trackers OT - motivational interviewing OT - pilot study OT - wearable electronic devices OT - young adult COIS- Conflicts of Interest: None declared. EDAT- 2026/07/16 22:01 MHDA- 2026/07/17 19:17 PMCR- 2026/07/16 CRDT- 2026/07/16 17:43 PHST- 2026/03/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/17 19:17 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/16 22:01 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/16 17:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v10i1e94673 [pii] AID - 94673 [pii] AID - 10.2196/94673 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JMIR Form Res. 2026 Jul 16;10:e94673. doi: 10.2196/94673. PMID- 42461751 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260803 IS - 1537-1603 (Electronic) IS - 0736-0258 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jul 16 TI - Peripheral Nerve Cross-Sectional Area in Healthy Thai Children: Reference Values for Clinical Neuromuscular Ultrasound. LID - 10.1097/WNP.0000000000001284 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Ultrasonography of the nerve cross-sectional area (CSA) is increasingly used to support the diagnosis of peripheral neuropathies. However, normative CSA reference values in children, particularly in Southeast Asian populations, are limited. METHODS: Ultrasonographic nerve CSA measurements were conducted in 164 healthy Thai children aged 1 to 18 years at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thailand. Participants were classified into six age groups. CSA was measured in 10 peripheral nerves at 34 anatomical sites and bilateral cervical roots (C5-C7), and the median CSAs were calculated. Correlations between CSA and body weight, height, and age were calculated using Spearman and Pearson correlation coefficients. Intraobserver and interobserver reliability were evaluated in a subset of participants using intraclass correlation coefficients. RESULTS: Normative CSA values were established for all examined nerves and sites. Most nerves demonstrated proximal-to-distal tapering in CSA, with the median nerve exhibiting a unique pattern of larger CSA at the wrist and mid-upper arm. C7 root was the largest cervical root measured (median CSA up to 7.0 mm 2 in older adolescents). CSA demonstrated moderate-to-strong correlations with anthropometric variables, including weight, height, and age ( r = 0.36-0.78). The tibial, sciatic, and median nerves showed the strongest correlations (all P < 0.001). Intraobserver and interobserver reliability were good-to-excellent across the selected nerves. CONCLUSIONS: Nerve CSA is influenced by age, weight, height, and location in this Southeast Asian population. These normative reference values may serve as a reference for distinguishing normal from pathological findings and aid clinical decision making in pediatric neurophysiological practice. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 by the American Clinical Neurophysiology Society. FAU - Paprad, Tanitnun AU - Paprad T AD - Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. AD - Department of Pediatrics, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. FAU - Amornvit, Jakkrit AU - Amornvit J AD - Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. AD - Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand. FAU - Stonsaovapak, Chernkhuan AU - Stonsaovapak C AD - Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. FAU - Naothaworn, Kamin AU - Naothaworn K AD - Neuroscience Center, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand. FAU - Pasutharnchat, Nath AU - Pasutharnchat N AD - Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. AD - Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand. FAU - Paprad, Tunchanok AU - Paprad T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5281-8248 AD - Department of Radiology, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand; and. AD - Chulalongkorn International Medical Program, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. LA - eng GR - 66/020/Ratchadapiseksompotch fund, Chulalongkorn University/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260716 PL - United States TA - J Clin Neurophysiol JT - Journal of clinical neurophysiology : official publication of the American Electroencephalographic Society JID - 8506708 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cross-sectional area OT - Nerve ultrasound OT - Normal value OT - Pediatric CSA COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/16 22:01 MHDA- 2026/07/16 22:01 CRDT- 2026/07/16 12:52 PHST- 2026/07/16 22:01 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/16 22:01 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/16 12:52 [entrez] AID - 00004691-990000000-00332 [pii] AID - 10.1097/WNP.0000000000001284 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - J Clin Neurophysiol. 2026 Jul 16. doi: 10.1097/WNP.0000000000001284. PMID- 42460424 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260813 IS - 2048-7177 (Print) IS - 2048-7177 (Electronic) IS - 2048-7177 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Nutrient Contribution and Acceptability of Dried Small Indigenous Fish Powders for Complementary Feeding in Northern Cameroon. PG - e72116 LID - 10.1002/fsn3.72116 [doi] LID - e72116 AB - Child malnutrition remains a major public health concern in northern Cameroon, where limited access to animal-source foods contributes to persistent undernutrition and micronutrient deficiencies. This study investigated the nutritional composition of small indigenous fish species, documented household knowledge and consumption practices, and evaluated the acceptability of a small-fish-based complementary food. A mixed-methods design was implemented across six localities in the North and Far North regions, combining household surveys (n = 639), qualitative interviews with actors in the fish value chain, nutrient analyses of 19 fish samples, and an acceptability test among children aged 6-23 months (n = 104). Dried small fish showed high nutrient density, with 50.3-64.1 g protein, 11.2-16.7 g fat, and up to 1412 mg calcium per 100 g. A 10 g portion contributed 40%-50% of daily protein needs and up to one-third of calcium requirements for young children. Despite widespread household consumption (92.5%), only 24.6% incorporated small fish into children's meals, reflecting gaps in caregiver knowledge of complementary feeding. The standardized fish powder was well accepted, with mean of hedonic scores of 5.8 +/- 1.2 for taste, 5.6 +/- 1.3 for odor, and 5.7 +/- 1.1 for overall appreciation (p < 0.05 compared with the neutral midpoint of 4.0). Caregivers reported ease of incorporation into common child foods, indicating strong feasibility for household use. These findings demonstrate that small indigenous fish are nutrient-dense, culturally acceptable, and feasible to integrate into complementary feeding. Given the observational nature of the study, conclusions remain cautious. Future research should assess long-term nutritional impacts, evaluate product stability and safety under household storage, and explore scalable models for community-based production. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Food Science & Nutrition published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Christine, Abomo Ndzana Anne AU - Christine ANA AD - Center for Food and Nutrition Research IMPM Yaounde Cameroon. AD - School of Health Sciences Catholic University of Central Africa Yaounde Cameroon. FAU - Josette, Essa'a Veronique AU - Josette EV AD - Center for Food and Nutrition Research IMPM Yaounde Cameroon. FAU - Antoine, Socpa AU - Antoine S AD - School of Health Sciences Catholic University of Central Africa Yaounde Cameroon. AD - Department of Anthropology University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon. FAU - Martin, Nankap AU - Martin N AD - UNICEF Yaounde Yaounde Cameroon. FAU - Gabriel, Medoua Nama AU - Gabriel MN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8189-432X AD - Center for Food and Nutrition Research IMPM Yaounde Cameroon. AD - School of Health Sciences Catholic University of Central Africa Yaounde Cameroon. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260714 PL - United States TA - Food Sci Nutr JT - Food science & nutrition JID - 101605473 PMC - PMC13369287 OTO - NOTNLM OT - complementary feeding OT - fish powder OT - infant and young child nutrition OT - nutrient intake OT - small indigenous fish COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/16 06:38 MHDA- 2026/07/16 06:39 PMCR- 2026/07/14 CRDT- 2026/07/16 04:45 PHST- 2026/02/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/16 06:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/16 06:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/16 04:45 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - FSN372116 [pii] AID - 10.1002/fsn3.72116 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Food Sci Nutr. 2026 Jul 14;14(7):e72116. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.72116. eCollection 2026 Jul. PMID- 42459815 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20261013 IS - 1432-2277 (Electronic) IS - 0934-0874 (Print) IS - 0934-0874 (Linking) VI - 39 DP - 2026 TI - Landscape of current practices and future perspectives in living donor kidney donation in Europe: proceedings of a pan-European symposium by the European kidney transplant association section of the European Society for Organ Transplantation. PG - 16548 LID - 10.3389/ti.2026.16548 [doi] LID - 16548 AB - Living donor kidney transplantation (LDKT) offers superior outcomes for most patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), yet its uptake across Europe remains highly variable. This proceedings article summarizes key themes from a pan-European symposium held in November 2025 in Prague, organized by the European Kidney Transplant Association (EKITA) in collaboration with the DESCaRTES Working Group. Discussions highlighted substantial heterogeneity in LDKT activity across Europe, driven by differences in healthcare capacity, legal frameworks, donor evaluation practices, and access to kidney exchange programmes. Marked inequities persist between regions, particularly in the Balkans and Western Balkans, for women those who are socioeconomically disadvantaged, ethnic minority populations, paediatric and elderly patients and individuals with obesity. The symposium identified wide variation in donor selection criteria, risk assessment, informed consent practices, and long-term donor follow-up, despite existing international guidelines. Emerging strategies to address these challenges include harmonisation of donor evaluation and consent, expansion of paired and cross-border kidney exchange programmes, increased use of unspecified kidney donation, and adoption of innovative surgical and immunological approaches to safely broaden donor eligibility. Advances in outcome measurement, including validated surrogate endpoints, machine learning methods, and integrated, harmonised transplant registries, were discussed as critical tools to improve quality, transparency, and research efficiency. Collectively, the proceedings underscore the need for coordinated clinical, policy, and data-driven solutions to reduce inequities and unlock the full potential of LDKT across Europe, with implications for international transplant practice. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Kousios, Baas, Manonelles, Ortiz, Rista, Thomas, Lefaucheur, Akin and Marson. FAU - Kousios, Andreas AU - Kousios A AD - School of Medicine, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus. AD - Nefrontida Medical Centre, Nicosia, Cyprus. FAU - Baas, Marije AU - Baas M AD - Department of Nephrology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Universiteit, Nijmegen, Netherlands. FAU - Manonelles, Anna AU - Manonelles A AD - Renal Transplant Unit, Nephrology Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Ortiz, Fernanda AU - Ortiz F AD - Abdominal Unit, Nephrology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. FAU - Rista, Elvana AU - Rista E AD - Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Kidney Transplantation, Hygeia International Hospital, Tirana, Albania. FAU - Thomas, Rachel AU - Thomas R AD - Edinburgh Transplant Centre, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom. FAU - Lefaucheur, Carmen AU - Lefaucheur C AD - Saint Louis Hospital, Assistance Publique- Hopiteux de Paris and Universite Paris Cite, Paris, France. FAU - Akin, Emin Baris AU - Akin EB AD - Department of General Surgery, Demiroglu Bilim University and Group Florence Nightingale Hospital, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Marson, Lorna AU - Marson L AD - Edinburgh Transplant Centre, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom. LA - eng PT - Conference Proceedings DEP - 20260701 PL - Switzerland TA - Transpl Int JT - Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation JID - 8908516 SB - IM EIN - Transpl Int. 2026 Sep 28;39:17772. doi: 10.3389/ti.2026.17772. PMID: 42866521 MH - Humans MH - *Kidney Transplantation/methods/trends MH - *Living Donors MH - Europe MH - *Kidney Failure, Chronic/surgery MH - *Tissue and Organ Procurement/trends MH - Female MH - Donor Selection MH - Informed Consent MH - Risk Assessment PMC - PMC13368691 OTO - NOTNLM OT - cross-border organ exchange OT - donor evaluation and safety OT - equity in transplantation OT - living donor kidney transplantation OT - transplant registry harmonisation COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/16 06:34 MHDA- 2026/07/16 13:02 PMCR- 2026/07/01 CRDT- 2026/07/16 04:39 PHST- 2026/03/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/16 13:02 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/16 06:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/16 04:39 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 16548 [pii] AID - 10.3389/ti.2026.16548 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Transpl Int. 2026 Jul 1;39:16548. doi: 10.3389/ti.2026.16548. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42458481 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260723 LR - 20260822 IS - 1479-5876 (Electronic) IS - 1479-5876 (Linking) VI - 24 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 15 TI - Handgrip strength in children, adolescents, and young adults with suspected myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome. LID - 10.1186/s12967-026-08654-5 [doi] LID - 947 AB - BACKGROUND: Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) in children and young people (CYP) lacks validated diagnostic biomarkers. Post-exertional malaise (PEM) is central to case definitions and is usually assessed by patient report. We evaluated the feasibility and clinical value of handgrip strength (HGS) testing in PEM-reporting CYP referred for suspected ME/CFS. METHODS: In this prospective observational study at the Munich Chronic Fatigue Center for Young People (November 2022-November 2024), 147 patients (10-25 years) referred for the assessment of ME/CFS with positive DSQ-PEM screening and 83 healthy controls (HC) completed two HGS sessions (10 maximal grips/session; 3-s contraction/5-s rest; 60-minute inter-session break) using a digital dynamometer. We derived maximal force (Fmax), mean force (Fmean), fatigue ratio (FR = Fmax/Fmean), and recovery ratio (RR = Fmean session 2 / session 1). Analyses used repeated-measures ANCOVA, linear regression, partial Spearman correlations (adjusted for sex, age, and BMI), and proportional odds models for group membership (HC, noME/CFS, ME/CFS), reporting accuracy, and the C-statistic. Sensitivity analyses compared noME/CFS with confirmed CCC-ME/CFS. RESULTS: After clinical work-up, 84/147 (57%) patients were classified as ME/CFS (confirmed or probable) and 63/147 (43%) as noME/CFS. HGS test completion rate was high (session 1: 146/147, 99.3%; session 2: 142/147, 96.6%). Compared with HC, patients had substantially lower HGS (mean difference -9.93 kg, 95% CI: -12.00 to -7.85), and HGS indices correlated modestly with physical functioning (SF-12 PCS), but not with PEM duration. Both noME/CFS and ME/CFS groups differed from HC in absolute strength indices (Fmean, Fmax) and FR. RR differed between ME/CFS and HC, whereas no HGS index significantly separated noME/CFS from ME/CFS. In proportional odds models, each HGS index improved fit (all p < 0.001), but discrimination across HC, noME/CFS, and ME/CFS patients was moderate (accuracy 49.2-57.3% vs no-information rate 36.5%, with best performance for Fmean in session 2). In the CCC-restricted sensitivity analysis, discrimination between confirmed CCC-ME/CFS and noME/CFS was moderate (accuracy 62.8-70.7%; C-statistic 0.63-0.73), with best performance for absolute strength indices and RR. CONCLUSIONS: Standardized two-session repeated HGS testing is feasible in CYP with chronic fatigue and self-reported PEM and provides an objective marker of functional impairment that aligns with physical health status but not with PEM duration. However, HGS alone shows limited ability to discriminate ME/CFS from other fatiguing noME/CFS conditions. HGS may be useful for quantitative phenotyping, patient stratification, and longitudinal outcome assessment rather than as a standalone diagnostic biomarker. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Not applicable. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Mihatsch, Lorenz AU - Mihatsch L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3835-7964 AD - Technical University of Munich; TUM School of Medicine and Health, Children's Hospital, Munich Chronic Fatigue Center for Young People (MCFC), Munich, Germany. L.Mihatsch@tum.de. FAU - Schartner, Lisa AU - Schartner L AD - Technical University of Munich; TUM School of Medicine and Health, Children's Hospital, Munich Chronic Fatigue Center for Young People (MCFC), Munich, Germany. FAU - de Luna, Julia Lange AU - de Luna JL AD - Technical University of Munich; TUM School of Medicine and Health, Children's Hospital, Munich Chronic Fatigue Center for Young People (MCFC), Munich, Germany. FAU - Hohler, Chiara AU - Hohler C AD - Technical University of Munich; TUM School of Medicine and Health, Children's Hospital, Munich Chronic Fatigue Center for Young People (MCFC), Munich, Germany. FAU - Bucka, Lara AU - Bucka L AD - Technical University of Munich; TUM School of Medicine and Health, Children's Hospital, Munich Chronic Fatigue Center for Young People (MCFC), Munich, Germany. FAU - Lovrenovic, Lea AU - Lovrenovic L AD - Technical University of Munich; TUM School of Medicine and Health, Children's Hospital, Munich Chronic Fatigue Center for Young People (MCFC), Munich, Germany. FAU - Eidenschink, Sophie AU - Eidenschink S AD - Technical University of Munich; TUM School of Medicine and Health, Children's Hospital, Munich Chronic Fatigue Center for Young People (MCFC), Munich, Germany. FAU - Schmuck, Birgit AU - Schmuck B AD - Technical University of Munich; TUM School of Medicine and Health, Children's Hospital, Munich Chronic Fatigue Center for Young People (MCFC), Munich, Germany. FAU - Bienemann, Viktoria AU - Bienemann V AD - Technical University of Munich; TUM School of Medicine and Health, Children's Hospital, Munich Chronic Fatigue Center for Young People (MCFC), Munich, Germany. FAU - Christa, Catharina AU - Christa C AD - Technical University of Munich; TUM School of Medicine and Health, Children's Hospital, Munich Chronic Fatigue Center for Young People (MCFC), Munich, Germany. FAU - Mittelstrass, Kirstin AU - Mittelstrass K AD - Technical University of Munich; TUM School of Medicine and Health, Children's Hospital, Munich Chronic Fatigue Center for Young People (MCFC), Munich, Germany. FAU - Hausruckinger, Anna AU - Hausruckinger A AD - Technical University of Munich; TUM School of Medicine and Health, Children's Hospital, Munich Chronic Fatigue Center for Young People (MCFC), Munich, Germany. FAU - Warlitz, Cordula AU - Warlitz C AD - Technical University of Munich; TUM School of Medicine and Health, Children's Hospital, Munich Chronic Fatigue Center for Young People (MCFC), Munich, Germany. FAU - Michel, Kaja AU - Michel K AD - Technical University of Munich; TUM School of Medicine and Health, Children's Hospital, Munich Chronic Fatigue Center for Young People (MCFC), Munich, Germany. FAU - Gerrer, Katrin AU - Gerrer K AD - Technical University of Munich; TUM School of Medicine and Health, Children's Hospital, Munich Chronic Fatigue Center for Young People (MCFC), Munich, Germany. FAU - Freitag, Helma AU - Freitag H AD - Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Immunology, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, 13353, Germany. FAU - Scheibenbogen, Carmen AU - Scheibenbogen C AD - Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Immunology, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, 13353, Germany. FAU - Pricoco, Rafael AU - Pricoco R AD - Technical University of Munich; TUM School of Medicine and Health, Children's Hospital, Munich Chronic Fatigue Center for Young People (MCFC), Munich, Germany. FAU - Behrends, Uta AU - Behrends U AD - Technical University of Munich; TUM School of Medicine and Health, Children's Hospital, Munich Chronic Fatigue Center for Young People (MCFC), Munich, Germany. AD - German Center for Infection Research, Partnersite Munich, Munich, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20260715 PL - England TA - J Transl Med JT - Journal of translational medicine JID - 101190741 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic/physiopathology/diagnosis MH - *Hand Strength/physiology MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Young Adult MH - Male MH - Adult MH - Case-Control Studies PMC - PMC13393269 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Handgrip strength OT - ME/CFS OT - PEM OT - Pediatrics OT - Post-COVID OT - Post-Exertional malaise OT - Post-Vaccination COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the TUM University Hospital (2022-585_1) and adheres to the Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent amendments. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to their inclusion, and in case of minors, from their legal guardians. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interest: U.B. reports research funding from the Bavarian State Ministry of Health and Care, the Bavarian State Ministry of Science and Art, the German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), the Federal Ministry of Research, Technology and Space, the Federal Ministry of Health, and the Federal Joint Committee. All other authors report no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/16 00:35 MHDA- 2026/07/23 06:39 PMCR- 2026/07/15 CRDT- 2026/07/16 00:01 PHST- 2026/03/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/23 06:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/16 00:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/16 00:01 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12967-026-08654-5 [pii] AID - 8654 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12967-026-08654-5 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Transl Med. 2026 Jul 15;24(1):947. doi: 10.1186/s12967-026-08654-5. PMID- 42458400 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261014 LR - 20261016 IS - 1472-6831 (Electronic) IS - 1472-6831 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 15 TI - Panoramic radiograph-based dental age estimation in children and adolescents using multi-tooth methods: a scoping review of methods used and reported accuracy (2020-2025). LID - 10.1186/s12903-026-09263-w [doi] LID - 2005 AB - BACKGROUND: Accurate dental age estimation supports treatment planning in pediatric dentistry and orthodontics and forensic assessment when chronological age is uncertain. Because the accuracy of panoramic radiograph-based methods varies across populations, age groups, and method variants, a contemporary synthesis is needed to guide method selection. OBJECTIVE: To map the methods used for panoramic radiograph-based dental age estimation in children and adolescents and to summarize the reported diagnostic accuracy of the most frequently used method families in studies published between 2020 and 2025. METHODS: This scoping review was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Studies published between 1 January 2020 and 31 December 2025 were screened according to predefined eligibility criteria. Data were extracted using a standardized form, including study characteristics, dental age estimation methods, and reported accuracy outcomes (primarily mean absolute error [MAE] and mean difference/bias [DA-CA]). Thirty-four original studies were included. RESULTS: The included studies comprised over 35,000 children and adolescents from multiple countries and were predominantly retrospective and clinic-based. Willems-family methods were the most frequently reported, followed by Demirjian-, Cameriere-, and London Atlas-based approaches. Across studies, accuracy reporting was heterogeneous with respect to MAE, bias metrics, sex stratification, and method variants. Cameriere family methods often showed lower MAE values in many cohorts; however, performance varied by population, age range, and method modification. CONCLUSION: Panoramic radiograph-based dental age estimation methods show substantial heterogeneity in use and reported accuracy across populations. Willems-family methods are the most frequently applied, whereas Cameriere-family methods often demonstrate favorable accuracy in many cohorts, but no single method can be considered universally optimal. Population-specific validation and standardized reporting of accuracy metrics are needed. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Lysiak-Majchrzak, Malgorzata AU - Lysiak-Majchrzak M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-0611-173X AD - Department of Maxillofacial Orthopedics and Orthodontics, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Bydgoszcz, Poland. malgorzata.lysiak-majchrzak@cm.umk.pl. FAU - Jagla, Sylwia AU - Jagla S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6709-334X AD - Department of Maxillofacial Orthopedics and Orthodontics, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Bydgoszcz, Poland. FAU - Kazimierczak, Natalia AU - Kazimierczak N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1850-3525 AD - Department of Maxillofacial Orthopedics and Orthodontics, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Bydgoszcz, Poland. AD - Kazimierczak Clinic, Dworcowa 13/u6a, Bydgoszcz, Poland. FAU - Kazimierczak, Wojciech AU - Kazimierczak W AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8372-0550 AD - Kazimierczak Clinic, Dworcowa 13/u6a, Bydgoszcz, Poland. AD - Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Bydgoszcz, Poland. FAU - Matthews-Brzozowska, Teresa AU - Matthews-Brzozowska T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7127-6018 AD - Department of Maxillofacial Orthopedics and Orthodontics, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Bydgoszcz, Poland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Scoping Review PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20260715 PL - England TA - BMC Oral Health JT - BMC oral health JID - 101088684 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Age Determination by Teeth/methods MH - *Radiography, Panoramic/methods MH - Child MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13663167 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Accuracy OT - Cameriere Method OT - Child OT - Dental Age OT - Panoramic radiography OT - Tooth OT - Willems Method COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Not applicable. Consent for publication: All authors have approved the manuscript for submission. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/16 00:35 MHDA- 2026/10/14 05:33 PMCR- 2026/07/15 CRDT- 2026/07/15 23:58 PHST- 2026/03/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/14 05:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/16 00:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/15 23:58 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12903-026-09263-w [pii] AID - 9263 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12903-026-09263-w [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Oral Health. 2026 Jul 15;26(1):2005. doi: 10.1186/s12903-026-09263-w. PMID- 42456231 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260826 LR - 20260826 IS - 1878-7487 (Electronic) IS - 1752-928X (Linking) VI - 122 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Classifying legal age of majority (>/=18 years) from panoramic radiographs with transfer learning: Benchmarking ViT and EfficientNetV2. PG - 103215 LID - S1752-928X(26)00148-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jflm.2026.103215 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To assess whether transfer-learning models applied to panoramic radiographs (PANs) can classify individuals at the threshold of legal majority (>/=18 years). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Vision Transformer (ViT) and EfficientNetV2 models were trained on PANs from Bosnian and Lebanese individuals aged 14-24.99 years (n = 1764), considering pooled and sex-specific datasets with and without augmentation. Binary classification, multiclass classification, and regression models were trained and evaluated. Model performance on an internal test set derived from the same sample was summarized using accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, F1 score, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC AUC). For regression and multiclass models, legal majority classification was additionally assessed by thresholding predicted ages or age categories at 18 years. External validation employed an independent Brazilian dataset (n = 1579; 14-24.99 years). Formal statistical comparison between internal and external performance employed two-proportion z-tests for accuracy and DeLong's test for ROC AUC. RESULTS: On the internal test set, the best-performing binary classification model, EfficientNetV2 with augmentation on the pooled dataset, achieved an accuracy of 0.90, sensitivity of 0.92, specificity of 0.86, F1 score of 0.91, and ROC AUC of 0.93. Using the same pooled, augmented configuration, thresholded regression predictions achieved accuracies of 0.85 for EfficientNetV2 and 0.83 for ViT, whereas thresholded multiclass predictions achieved accuracies of 0.84 and 0.73, respectively. Compared with direct binary classification, these thresholded outputs showed no clear advantage, and multiclass models generally showed higher specificity but lower sensitivity. This same pattern was retained when thresholded models were evaluated on the external validation set, with thresholded regression remaining comparatively stable and thresholded multiclass performance declining more markedly, especially for ViT. Visualization maps (gradient-weighted class activation mapping [Grad-CAM] and occlusion sensitivity) confirmed attention to relevant dental structures. On external validation, the same binary EfficientNetV2 configuration achieved an accuracy of 0.81, sensitivity of 0.90, specificity of 0.61, F1 score of 0.87, and ROC AUC of 0.85. Sex-specific models performed similarly, showing no clear advantage over pooled training. Statistical testing confirmed significant AUC degradation on external validation for both models (EfficientNetV2: p = 0.004; ViT: p < 0.001), while the accuracy drop was significant only for ViT (p = 0.035). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that transfer learning with EfficientNetV2 and Vision Transformer can distinguish minors from adults using PANs with high internal performance and acceptable external generalization. Direct binary classification provided the most robust approach for legal age assessment in the present dataset. The findings support the forensic potential of these models, while also indicating the need for further work to improve robustness and real-world applicability. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier Ltd and Faculty of Forensic and Legal Medicine. All rights reserved. FAU - Constantinou, Chrysovalantis AU - Constantinou C AD - Computation-based Science and Technology Research Center, The Cyprus Institute, Aglantzia, Nicosia, 2121, Cyprus. Electronic address: cconsta1@alumni.nd.edu. FAU - Georgiades, Pantelis AU - Georgiades P AD - Computation-based Science and Technology Research Center, The Cyprus Institute, Aglantzia, Nicosia, 2121, Cyprus; Climate and Atmosphere Research Centre, The Cyprus Institute, Aglantzia, Nicosia, 2121, Cyprus. FAU - Angelakopoulos, Nikolaos AU - Angelakopoulos N AD - Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Forensic Dentistry, Faculdade Sao Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil. FAU - Hadzic Selmanagic, Aida AU - Hadzic Selmanagic A AD - Department of Dental Morphology with Dental Anthropology and Forensics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. FAU - Dervisevic, Emina AU - Dervisevic E AD - Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. FAU - Moukarzel, Maria AU - Moukarzel M AD - Private Dental Practice, Beirut, Lebanon. FAU - Franco, Ademir AU - Franco A AD - Department of Forensic Dentistry, Faculdade Sao Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil. FAU - Merdietio Boedi, Rizky AU - Merdietio Boedi R AD - Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260715 PL - England TA - J Forensic Leg Med JT - Journal of forensic and legal medicine JID - 101300022 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Radiography, Panoramic MH - Adolescent MH - *Age Determination by Teeth/methods MH - Young Adult MH - Female MH - Male MH - ROC Curve MH - Classification Algorithms MH - Sensitivity and Specificity OTO - NOTNLM OT - Dental age classification OT - Forensic dentistry OT - Legal age of majority OT - Panoramic radiograph OT - Transfer learning COIS- Conflict of interest The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/15 18:41 MHDA- 2026/08/26 23:35 CRDT- 2026/07/15 18:01 PHST- 2025/03/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/26 23:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/15 18:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/15 18:01 [entrez] AID - S1752-928X(26)00148-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jflm.2026.103215 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Forensic Leg Med. 2026 Aug;122:103215. doi: 10.1016/j.jflm.2026.103215. Epub 2026 Jul 15. PMID- 42455961 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260813 IS - 1520-7560 (Electronic) IS - 1520-7552 (Print) IS - 1520-7552 (Linking) VI - 42 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Disordered Eating Behaviours and Associated Factors Among People With Type 1 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study in Spain-D1ANAS Project. PG - e70204 LID - 10.1002/dmrr.70204 [doi] LID - e70204 AB - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: People with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) are at increased risk of disordered eating behaviours (DEBs), partly due to aspects of diabetes management. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of DEBs in a group of adults with T1D in Spain and to examine their association with sociodemographic, clinical, and lifestyle-related factors. METHODS: A nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted as part of the D1ANAS project, involving 451 people aged >/= 16 years with T1D living in Spain. DEBs were assessed using the validated Spanish version of the Diabetes Eating Problems Survey-Revised (DEPS-R), with scores >/= 20 indicating a positive screening. Sociodemographic, clinical, and lifestyle variables were collected using a self-administered online questionnaire. Multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to identify factors independently associated with the total DEPS-R score. RESULTS: The mean DEPS-R score was 16.8 (SD 12.1), and 31.7% of participants screened positive for DEBs, with higher prevalence in women than men (35.4% vs. 14.8%, p < 0.001) 36.6% of participants reported insulin restriction behaviours, with no significant differences between sexes. In the adjusted models, female sex (beta = 3.23, 95% CI = 0.65-5.82), higher HbA1c percentage (beta = 2.12, 95% CI = 1.32-2.93), and higher zBMI (beta = 3.44, 95% CI = 2.44-4.44) were independently associated with higher DEPS-R scores, as were poorer perceived health (beta = 5.11, 95% CI = 2.25-7.96), poorer diet quality (beta = 13.42, 95% CI = 7.23-19.61) and poor sleep perception (beta = 3.43, 95% CI = 1.46-5.39). The model explained 29.6% of the variance in DEPS-R scores. CONCLUSION: DEBs affect about one-third of the participants with T1D and are associated with poorer metabolic control, higher BMI, and adverse lifestyle and psychosocial factors, highlighting the need for diabetes-specific screening and multidisciplinary management. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Botella-Juan, Lorena AU - Botella-Juan L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4886-1673 AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Area of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Leon, Leon, Spain. AD - Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica [CIBERESP]), Madrid, Spain. AD - The Research Group in Gene‑Environment and Health Interactions (GIIGAS), Institute Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Universidad de Leon, Leon, Spain. FAU - Aguilera-Buenosvinos, Inmaculada AU - Aguilera-Buenosvinos I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9484-7303 AD - Faculty of Health Sciences, International University of La Rioja, Logrono, Spain. FAU - Antequera-Gonzalez, Maria AU - Antequera-Gonzalez M AD - Servicio de Endocrinologia y Nutricion, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Leon, Gerencia de Salud de Castilla y Leon (SACYL), Leon, Spain. FAU - Alvarez-Alvarez, Laura AU - Alvarez-Alvarez L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4915-8314 AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Area of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Leon, Leon, Spain. AD - Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica [CIBERESP]), Madrid, Spain. AD - The Research Group in Gene‑Environment and Health Interactions (GIIGAS), Institute Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Universidad de Leon, Leon, Spain. FAU - Rubin-Garcia, Maria AU - Rubin-Garcia M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0916-4215 AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Area of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Leon, Leon, Spain. AD - Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica [CIBERESP]), Madrid, Spain. AD - The Research Group in Gene‑Environment and Health Interactions (GIIGAS), Institute Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Universidad de Leon, Leon, Spain. FAU - Romeo-Santos, Maria AU - Romeo-Santos M AD - Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Segura-Grau, Ana AU - Segura-Grau A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3701-2788 AD - Ultrasound Unit, Family and Community Medicine, San Francisco de Asis Hospital, Madrid, Spain. AD - SEMERGEN (Spanish Society of Primary Care Physicians), Madrid, Spain. FAU - Ballesteros-Pomar, Maria D AU - Ballesteros-Pomar MD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5729-9926 AD - Servicio de Endocrinologia y Nutricion, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Leon, Gerencia de Salud de Castilla y Leon (SACYL), Leon, Spain. AD - Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria de Leon (IBIOLEON), Leon, Spain. FAU - Molina, Antonio Jose AU - Molina AJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5948-6397 AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Area of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Leon, Leon, Spain. AD - Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica [CIBERESP]), Madrid, Spain. AD - The Research Group in Gene‑Environment and Health Interactions (GIIGAS), Institute Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Universidad de Leon, Leon, Spain. FAU - Martin-Sanchez, Vicente AU - Martin-Sanchez V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0552-2804 AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Area of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Leon, Leon, Spain. AD - Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica [CIBERESP]), Madrid, Spain. AD - The Research Group in Gene‑Environment and Health Interactions (GIIGAS), Institute Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Universidad de Leon, Leon, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Diabetes Metab Res Rev JT - Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews JID - 100883450 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications/psychology MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - *Feeding and Eating Disorders/epidemiology/etiology/psychology MH - Spain/epidemiology MH - Adult MH - Prevalence MH - Middle Aged MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Risk Factors MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - Life Style MH - Prognosis MH - Surveys and Questionnaires PMC - PMC13372235 OTO - NOTNLM OT - diabetes mellitus OT - disordered eating behaviours OT - eating disorders OT - type 1 diabetes COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/15 18:41 MHDA- 2026/07/15 18:42 PMCR- 2026/07/15 CRDT- 2026/07/15 14:13 PHST- 2026/06/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/15 18:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/15 18:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/15 14:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - DMRR70204 [pii] AID - 10.1002/dmrr.70204 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2026 Jul;42(5):e70204. doi: 10.1002/dmrr.70204. PMID- 42455824 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260813 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 7 DP - 2026 TI - Reliability and validity of the individual GPS game data-based maximal acceleration-initial running speed regression line in youth elite soccer players. PG - e0353385 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0353385 [doi] LID - e0353385 AB - Modern load monitoring in soccer increasingly employs relative individualized acceleration intensity thresholds derived from individual maximal acceleration-initial running speed (amax-vinit) regression lines. This study examined the reliability and validity of soccer players' individual amax-vinit regression lines determined solely from game locomotion data. Using a GPS-based tracking system, we prospectively collected game locomotion data from 159 male youth elite soccer players over one season and repeatedly determined their amax-vinit regression lines using a recently introduced game data-based method. To examine the influence of data volume, regression lines were determined using different numbers of consecutive games. As a criterion measure, the amax-vinit regression line was determined using an acceleration test in 55 athletes. Reliability was assessed via the typical error (TE) and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and validity via the typical error of the estimate (TEE) and the Pearson correlation coefficient. The magnitude of errors and correlation coefficients was assessed using standardization and published thresholds, respectively. Reliability improved gradually with increasing data volume, resulting in TEs of 3.4% (amax intercept), 7.3% (vinit intercept), and 10.3% (slope). Nonetheless, all TEs were large in magnitude, and ICCs very low to low. Validity was unaffected by data volume, with TEEs consistently ~7% (amax intercept), ~ 12% (vinit intercept), and ~17% (slope). All TEEs were assessed as extremely large, and Pearson correlations as impractical. These findings indicate that the game data-based method currently lacks the precision required for individual-level applications, and this limitation cannot be resolved simply by including more games. Therefore, establishing relative individualized acceleration intensity thresholds within a team still requires a test-based approach. Moreover, the results suggest that properties inherent in GPS-based game locomotion data, rather than data volume, underlie the observed imprecision. We propose that substantial future improvements will depend on more precise tracking systems. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Andrey et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Andrey, Pascal AU - Andrey P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0812-8899 AD - Department of Elite Sport, Swiss Federal Institute of Sport Magglingen SFISM, Magglingen, Bern, Switzerland. FAU - Fischer-Sonderegger, Karin AU - Fischer-Sonderegger K AD - Department of Elite Sport, Swiss Federal Institute of Sport Magglingen SFISM, Magglingen, Bern, Switzerland. FAU - Taube, Wolfgang AU - Taube W AD - Department of Neurosciences and Movement Science, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland. FAU - Tschopp, Markus AU - Tschopp M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-3446-2907 AD - Department of Elite Sport, Swiss Federal Institute of Sport Magglingen SFISM, Magglingen, Bern, Switzerland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260715 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Soccer/physiology MH - *Running/physiology MH - *Geographic Information Systems MH - Male MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - *Acceleration MH - Adolescent MH - *Athletes MH - *Athletic Performance/physiology MH - Regression Analysis PMC - PMC13372162 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/07/15 18:39 MHDA- 2026/07/15 18:40 PMCR- 2026/07/15 CRDT- 2026/07/15 13:43 PHST- 2025/11/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/15 18:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/15 18:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/15 13:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-25-62317 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0353385 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 Jul 15;21(7):e0353385. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0353385. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42455187 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260922 IS - 1432-1076 (Electronic) IS - 0340-6199 (Print) IS - 0340-6199 (Linking) VI - 185 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Jul 15 TI - Ultrasound evaluation of quadriceps muscle thickness and body fat distribution in children receiving maintenance hemodialysis: a cross-sectional case-control study. LID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07212-x [doi] LID - 577 AB - Children on hemodialysis (HD) are at multifactorial nutritional risk. Nutritional assessment in these children is challenging because conventional anthropometric and dietary indicators are influenced by growth failure, chronic inflammation, and fluid shifts. Ultrasound (US)-based muscle assessment has emerged as a practical bedside method for evaluating muscle mass, while data on US-derived fat distribution in this population are limited. This cross-sectional case-control study was conducted at a tertiary HD center and enrolled 42 children on HD and 42 age- and sex-matched apparently healthy children. Demographic, anthropometric, clinical, and laboratory data were collected. Dietary evaluation using a 3-day food intake record was performed. Quadriceps muscle thickness, primarily that of the rectus femoris (RF), was assessed using B-mode muscle US in both groups. Subcutaneous thigh fat, anterior abdominal fat, and visceral fat thickness (VFT) were also assessed to characterize body composition. Total daily calorie intake and protein intake were significantly lower in children on HD (p < 0.001). Children on maintenance HD had significantly lower peripheral muscle thickness than healthy controls. Subcutaneous fat thickness at the thigh and abdominal wall was significantly reduced, whereas VFT was significantly increased in the HD group (p < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that total caloric and protein intake were positively associated with muscle thickness (p < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that RF thickness demonstrated moderate discriminatory ability for nutritional risk, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.731 (p < 0.001), whereas US-derived fat measurements showed limited diagnostic performance. CONCLUSION: Quadriceps muscle US appears to be a practical adjunct and complementary assessment tool to conventional nutritional assessment in children receiving maintenance HD. US-derived subcutaneous and visceral fat measurements provide complementary information on body composition and fat distribution. WHAT IS KNOWN: * Children receiving maintenance hemodialysis are at high risk of nutritional impairment, growth failure, and altered body composition, making nutritional assessment challenging. * Ultrasound assessment of quadriceps muscle thickness is a practical bedside method for evaluating muscle mass in adults receiving hemodialysis, but pediatric evidence remains limited. WHAT IS NEW: * This study highlights the utility of bedside US measurement of quadriceps muscle thickness as a practical adjunct for detecting nutritional risk in children on maintenance HD. * This study provides novel pediatric data on US-derived subcutaneous and VFT in children on maintenance HD, revealing an altered fat distribution pattern characterized by reduced peripheral fat and increased visceral fat. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Gohary, Amal E AU - Gohary AE AD - Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig City, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. amaleam@zu.edu.eg. FAU - Soliman, Azza Soliman AU - Soliman AS AD - Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig City, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. FAU - Eldemerdash, Sara Kamel AU - Eldemerdash SK AD - Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig City, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. FAU - Elsharkawy, Mona Mohammed AU - Elsharkawy MM AD - Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig City, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. FAU - Gohary, Mahmoud M AU - Gohary MM AD - Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig City, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260715 PL - Germany TA - Eur J Pediatr JT - European journal of pediatrics JID - 7603873 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - Male MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Ultrasonography MH - *Quadriceps Muscle/diagnostic imaging MH - Child MH - *Renal Dialysis/adverse effects MH - *Body Fat Distribution MH - Nutrition Assessment MH - Adolescent MH - ROC Curve MH - *Kidney Failure, Chronic/therapy MH - Child, Preschool PMC - PMC13373012 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Fat distribution OT - Hemodialysis OT - Muscle ultrasound OT - Nutritional risk OT - Quadriceps muscle COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval: Following Institutional Review Board approval (ZU-IRB#751/20), this study was approved by the Pediatrics Department at Zagazig University Hospitals. Legal guardians provided informed consent. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, which outlines ethical principles for research involving human participants. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/15 12:35 MHDA- 2026/07/15 12:36 PMCR- 2026/07/15 CRDT- 2026/07/15 11:04 PHST- 2026/02/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/15 12:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/15 12:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/15 11:04 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07212-x [pii] AID - 7212 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07212-x [doi] PST - epublish SO - Eur J Pediatr. 2026 Jul 15;185(8):577. doi: 10.1007/s00431-026-07212-x. PMID- 42454980 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260821 IS - 1097-0193 (Electronic) IS - 1065-9471 (Print) IS - 1065-9471 (Linking) VI - 47 IP - 11 DP - 2026 Aug TI - A Discovery and Replication Study of Dyslexia Does Not Reveal Reproducible Gray Matter Volume Differences. PG - e70592 LID - 10.1002/hbm.70592 [doi] LID - e70592 AB - Two decades of research have provided evidence for gray matter volume (GMV) differences in developmental dyslexia (or reading disability, RD) in the left perisylvian cortex. However, there are concerns about result inconsistencies, likely attributable to small sample sizes, lenient statistical thresholds, and insufficient accounting for demographic variables and global GMV. To address these concerns, we conducted a Discovery and Replication Study (N = 262) using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development(SM) Study. We found GMV differences between the RD and Control Groups did not replicate across the Discovery and Replication Studies using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) in Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM), and that a more conservative threshold yielded few results. We then conducted Reproducibility Studies and first found that when using surface-based morphometry in FreeSurfer instead of VBM, the Discovery and the Replication Study results again failed to converge. Second, we combined all groups in a factorial VBM/SPM analysis and the interaction analysis provided quantitative confirmation for diverging between-group difference results across the two studies. Third, we tested for the role of covariates of no interest and found that when total GMV is not controlled for, this divergence dissipates and group differences in RD (main effect of Reading Ability) are amplified. In conclusion, replication of GMV differences in RD is low, even when using large, well-matched groups, and analyses approaches play a modulating role. As such, results from prior studies using lenient statistical thresholds and not accounting for total GMV should be viewed with caution. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Human Brain Mapping published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Schug, Alison K AU - Schug AK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7760-0547 AD - Center for the Study of Learning, Department of Pediatrics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA. AD - Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA. FAU - Gutierrez-Schieferl, Iria S AU - Gutierrez-Schieferl IS AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-9029-4385 AD - Center for the Study of Learning, Department of Pediatrics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA. AD - Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA. FAU - Eden, Guinevere F AU - Eden GF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5942-1497 AD - Center for the Study of Learning, Department of Pediatrics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA. AD - Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA. LA - eng GR - U24 DA041147/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DA051039/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DA041120/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DA041093/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DA051038/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DA041106/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DA041148/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - Z01 DA000510/ImNIH/Intramural NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DA041174/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 DC019481/DC/NIDCD NIH HHS/United States GR - U24 DA041123/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DA041134/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - TL1 TR001431/NH/NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DA041022/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 HD081078/NH/NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DA041156/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DA050987/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DA051037/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - TL1 TR001431/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DA051016/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 HD081078/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DA041025/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DA050989/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 DC019481/NH/NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DA041089/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DA050988/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - 1743521/National Science Foundation/ GR - U01 DA041117/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DA041028/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DA041048/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Hum Brain Mapp JT - Human brain mapping JID - 9419065 SB - IM UOF - bioRxiv. 2026 May 07:2026.05.05.722925. doi: 10.64898/2026.05.05.722925. PMID: 42146405 MH - Humans MH - *Dyslexia/pathology/diagnostic imaging MH - *Gray Matter/pathology/diagnostic imaging MH - Magnetic Resonance Imaging MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Female MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - Image Processing, Computer-Assisted MH - *Brain/pathology/diagnostic imaging MH - Organ Size PMC - PMC13371619 OTO - NOTNLM OT - dyslexia OT - gray matter volume discovery and replication study OT - reading disability COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/15 12:37 MHDA- 2026/07/15 18:40 PMCR- 2026/07/15 CRDT- 2026/07/15 09:43 PHST- 2026/06/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/12/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/15 18:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/15 12:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/15 09:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - HBM70592 [pii] AID - 10.1002/hbm.70592 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Hum Brain Mapp. 2026 Aug;47(11):e70592. doi: 10.1002/hbm.70592. PMID- 42454963 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260813 IS - 1752-8984 (Electronic) IS - 1479-1641 (Print) IS - 1479-1641 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Jul-Aug TI - Body composition rather than liver fat associates with carotid Intima-Media thickness in youth with type 1 diabetes. PG - 14791641261470422 LID - 10.1177/14791641261470422 [doi] LID - 14791641261470422 AB - IntroductionMetabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a recognized cardiometabolic risk factor in adults, but its relevance to early vascular remodeling in youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D) remains unclear. We evaluated the independent associations of hepatic fat and body composition with early structural vascular remodeling in youth with T1D.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 49 late-pubertal youth with T1D (mean age 16.1+/-2.6 years; duration 7.5+/-4.3 years). Hepatic fat was quantified using MRI-proton density fat fraction (PDFF), while body composition and estimated insulin sensitivity (eIS) were assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and a validated pediatric equation. Carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), measured by ultrasound, served as the primary outcome. Hierarchical linear regression assessed independent associations after adjustment for age, sex, and diabetes duration.ResultsMean hepatic fat was 1.87+/-1.22%, with no participants meeting criteria for steatosis. Hepatic fat, eIS, and diabetes duration were not associated with cIMT. Lean body mass was the primary independent associate of cIMT (beta=0.44, p=0.02). Although eIS was strongly associated with waist circumference (r=-0.76, p<0.001), neither variable was associated with cIMT.ConclusionsIn this sub-steatotic cohort, cIMT was primarily associated with lean body mass, reflecting physiologic growth, while central adiposity was associated with metabolic dysfunction but not vascular structure. FAU - Tas, Emir AU - Tas E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3759-2778 AD - Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. RINGGOLD: 6614 FAU - Gumus, Memduha AU - Gumus M AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. RINGGOLD: 6614 AD - Pediatric Radiology, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. FAU - Movva, Swetha AU - Movva S AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. RINGGOLD: 6614 FAU - Mendizabal, Brenda AU - Mendizabal B AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. RINGGOLD: 6614 AD - Pediatric Cardiology, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. FAU - Barinas-Mitchell, Emma AU - Barinas-Mitchell E AD - Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. RINGGOLD: 6614 FAU - Gong, Zhenwei AU - Gong Z AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. RINGGOLD: 6614 FAU - Dranoff, Jonathan A AU - Dranoff JA AD - Department of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA. RINGGOLD: 12228 AD - Steatotic Liver Disease Program, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, New Haven, CT, USA. RINGGOLD: 628143 FAU - Muzumdar, Radhika AU - Muzumdar R AD - Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. RINGGOLD: 6614 FAU - Libman, Ingrid AU - Libman I AD - Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. RINGGOLD: 6614 LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260715 PL - England TA - Diab Vasc Dis Res JT - Diabetes & vascular disease research JID - 101234011 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/diagnosis/complications/physiopathology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - Male MH - *Carotid Intima-Media Thickness MH - *Adiposity MH - *Liver/diagnostic imaging/physiopathology MH - Insulin Resistance MH - *Carotid Artery Diseases/diagnostic imaging/etiology/physiopathology MH - Risk Factors MH - *Vascular Remodeling MH - Age Factors MH - Absorptiometry, Photon MH - Magnetic Resonance Imaging MH - Child MH - *Fatty Liver/physiopathology/diagnostic imaging MH - *Body Composition MH - Predictive Value of Tests PMC - PMC13373370 OTO - NOTNLM OT - MRI-PDFF OT - adiposity OT - body composition OT - carotid intima-media thickness OT - insulin resistance OT - type 1 diabetes COIS- Declaration of conflicting interestsThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. EDAT- 2026/07/15 12:37 MHDA- 2026/07/15 12:38 PMCR- 2026/07/15 CRDT- 2026/07/15 09:33 PHST- 2026/07/15 12:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/15 12:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/15 09:33 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1177_14791641261470422 [pii] AID - 10.1177/14791641261470422 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Diab Vasc Dis Res. 2026 Jul-Aug;23(4):14791641261470422. doi: 10.1177/14791641261470422. Epub 2026 Jul 15. PMID- 42453435 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260922 IS - 1664-1078 (Print) IS - 1664-1078 (Electronic) IS - 1664-1078 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Physical activity and adolescents' parasocial relationships with virtual idols: evidence from loneliness, gender differences, and network analysis. PG - 1854829 LID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1854829 [doi] LID - 1854829 AB - INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to examine whether higher levels of physical activity were associated with adolescents' parasocial relationships with virtual idols through lower levels of loneliness, and to determine whether gender moderated these associations. The study also explored the item-level connections between loneliness and parasocial relationships with virtual idols. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 2,798 adolescents from Sichuan, Hunan, Yunnan, and Chongqing provinces in China. Physical activity, loneliness, and parasocial relationships with virtual idols were measured using validated questionnaires. The SPSS PROCESS macro was used to test the moderated mediation model, and network analysis was conducted to identify key bridging nodes between loneliness and parasocial relationships. RESULTS: Physical activity was significantly negatively associated with parasocial relationships with virtual idols, and loneliness showed a significant partial statistical mediation in this association. Gender significantly moderated both the association between physical activity and loneliness and the association between loneliness and parasocial relationships, with these associations being more pronounced among female adolescents. Network analysis further identified bridging connections between real-life relational deficits, such as feeling neglected and lacking companionship, and emotional involvement with virtual idols, such as caring about the life of a virtual idol. DISCUSSION: The findings suggest that physical activity may be associated with weaker parasocial relationships with virtual idols not only through time occupation or attention diversion, but also through lower loneliness and stronger real-life social connection. Interventions aimed at reducing excessive emotional dependence on virtual idols should therefore focus on promoting physical engagement, real-life interaction, and adolescents' sense of belonging. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Chen, Lin, Wang, Wang and Xiang. FAU - Chen, Longjiang AU - Chen L AD - Institute of Physical Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, China. FAU - Lin, Ziyang AU - Lin Z AD - School of Sport and Art, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China. FAU - Wang, Zeyan AU - Wang Z AD - School of Physical Education, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, China. FAU - Wang, Jiale AU - Wang J AD - College of Physical Education, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China. FAU - Xiang, Yian AU - Xiang Y AD - Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260630 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Psychol JT - Frontiers in psychology JID - 101550902 PMC - PMC13365051 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - loneliness OT - network analysis OT - parasocial relationship OT - physical activity OT - virtual idols COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/15 06:38 MHDA- 2026/07/15 06:39 PMCR- 2026/06/30 CRDT- 2026/07/15 04:47 PHST- 2026/04/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/15 06:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/15 06:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/15 04:47 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1854829 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Psychol. 2026 Jun 30;17:1854829. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1854829. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42453080 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260902 LR - 20260904 IS - 1525-1446 (Electronic) IS - 0737-1209 (Print) IS - 0737-1209 (Linking) VI - 43 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Sep-Oct TI - The Urban-Rural Continuum and Child Health: Influence of Residential Location on Ultra-Processed Food Consumption, Physical Activity, and Metabolic Biomarkers. PG - 1180-1189 LID - 10.1111/phn.70156 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the association between residential location-urban area and urban expansion area and sociodemographic characteristics, health behaviors, and clinical-metabolic outcomes among schoolchildren aged 6 to 9 years in the municipality of Rio das Ostras, Brazil. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study involving 420 students from public municipal schools. Sociodemographic and behavioral data were collected using validated questionnaires (QUADA-3 and QUAFDA). Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, and biochemical analyses were conducted. Associations were assessed using Pearson's chi-square or Fisher's exact tests and logistic regression models, both crude and adjusted for age, sex, maternal and paternal education, and household income.were estimated with 95% confidence intervals (CI). FINDINGS: Children living in urban expansion areas had lower paternal education levels (p = 0.021) and were less likely to engage in active commuting to school (2.4% vs. 42.6%; p < 0.001). No significant differences were observed in excess weight, physical activity scores, or ultra-processed food consumption between the two groups. However, children from urban expansion areas showed a higher prevalence of prediabetes (OR = 0.133; 95% CI = 0.045-0.358; p < 0.001), elevated total cholesterol (OR = 0.423; p = 0.007), low HDL-c (OR = 0.324; p < 0.001), elevated LDL-c (OR = 0.304; p < 0.001), and elevated triglycerides (OR = 0.484; p = 0.029). CONCLUSIONS: Residing in urban expansion areas was associated with worse clinical-metabolic outcomes among schoolchildren, independent of nutritional status, physical activity, and ultra-processed food consumption. These findings highlight the need for intersectoral and place-based policies to promote healthier environments for children in territories undergoing urbanization. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Public Health Nursing published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Rangel, Luiz Felipe da Cruz AU - Rangel LFDC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5513-0011 AD - Laboratory of Research and Innovation in Sports Science and Nutrition, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Macae, Brazil. AD - Josue de Castro Institute of NutritionFederal University of Rio de Janeiro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Macae, Brazil. AD - Higher Institutes of Education of CENSA, ISECENSA, Campos dos Goytacazes, Brazil. FAU - Silva, Cynthia Goncalves AU - Silva CG AD - Laboratory of Research and Innovation in Sports Science and Nutrition, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Macae, Brazil. AD - Josue de Castro Institute of NutritionFederal University of Rio de Janeiro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Macae, Brazil. FAU - de Matos, Alessandra Alegre AU - de Matos AA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7938-4198 AD - Laboratory of Research and Innovation in Sports Science and Nutrition, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Macae, Brazil. AD - Josue de Castro Institute of NutritionFederal University of Rio de Janeiro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Macae, Brazil. FAU - Teixeira, Francisco Martins AU - Teixeira FM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0640-5570 AD - Macae Campus, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. FAU - Ribeiro, Beatriz Goncalves AU - Ribeiro BG AD - Laboratory of Research and Innovation in Sports Science and Nutrition, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Macae, Brazil. AD - Josue de Castro Institute of NutritionFederal University of Rio de Janeiro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Macae, Brazil. AD - Macae Campus, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260715 PL - United States TA - Public Health Nurs JT - Public health nursing (Boston, Mass.) JID - 8501498 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Male MH - Female MH - Brazil MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Urban Population/statistics & numerical data MH - *Rural Population/statistics & numerical data MH - *Exercise MH - *Child Health/statistics & numerical data MH - Biomarkers/blood/analysis MH - *Fast Foods/statistics & numerical data MH - *Residence Characteristics/statistics & numerical data MH - Health Behavior MH - Socioeconomic Factors PMC - PMC13535876 OTO - NOTNLM OT - child health OT - health inequalities OT - pediatric dyslipidemia OT - physical activity OT - ultra-processed foods OT - urbanization EDAT- 2026/07/15 06:37 MHDA- 2026/09/02 11:39 PMCR- 2026/09/02 CRDT- 2026/07/15 04:42 PHST- 2025/11/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/09/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/02 11:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/15 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/15 04:42 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PHN70156 [pii] AID - 10.1111/phn.70156 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Public Health Nurs. 2026 Sep-Oct;43(5):1180-1189. doi: 10.1111/phn.70156. Epub 2026 Jul 15. PMID- 42452565 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260813 IS - 2077-0383 (Print) IS - 2077-0383 (Electronic) IS - 2077-0383 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 13 DP - 2026 Jun 30 TI - Presentation and Clinical Outcomes of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Children and Adolescents at a Tertiary Care Center in Lebanon. LID - 10.3390/jcm15135105 [doi] LID - 5105 AB - Background: Pediatric-onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic relapsing condition leading to substantial morbidity and variable disease course. Early recognition of factors associated with suboptimal outcomes may improve risk stratification and therapeutic strategy. This retrospective cohort study intended to analyze the association between initial presentation characteristics and early disease course in pediatric-onset IBD. Methods: Included were pediatric patients diagnosed with Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) followed at the American University of Beirut Medical Center between 2013 and 2023. Demographic, anthropometric, laboratory, endoscopic, radiologic, and clinical data were gathered from medical records. Validated pediatric activity indices were used to assess severity, and early outcomes covered mainly the first remission. Results: Eighty-eight patients were evaluated for baseline characteristics, and eighty-one patients were analyzed for treatment outcomes. Among 88 subjects, 62.5% had CD and 37.5% had UC, with a mean age at diagnosis of 11.29 (+/-4.60) years. The most encountered presenting symptoms were abdominal pain, diarrhea, and hematochezia, with 44.9% of subjects having malnutrition. Clinical remission after initial treatment was obtained in 60.2% of subjects. A past medical history of autoimmune or inflammatory disease was linked to persistent symptoms, whereas initial use of corticosteroids was associated with early clinical remission. Conclusions: Pediatric IBD in our cohort was marked by extensive disease involvement, high inflammatory burden, nutritional impairment, and frequent flare or treatment escalation. Corticosteroid initiation at diagnosis was associated with early clinical remission in this retrospective cohort. Nevertheless, this association should be interpreted cautiously, as the retrospective design and potential confounding by indication limit any inference regarding causality or treatment superiority. The high rate of subsequent flare underscores the need for early risk stratification and individualized multidisciplinary care to improve long-term outcomes. FAU - Daoud, Tracy AU - Daoud T AD - Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut 1107, Lebanon. FAU - Khafaja, Sarah AU - Khafaja S AD - Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut 1107, Lebanon. FAU - Hanna-Wakim, Rima AU - Hanna-Wakim R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8870-2159 AD - Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut 1107, Lebanon. AD - Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107, Lebanon. FAU - Yazbeck, Nadine AU - Yazbeck N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2325-4113 AD - Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut 1107, Lebanon. AD - Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107, Lebanon. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260630 PL - Switzerland TA - J Clin Med JT - Journal of clinical medicine JID - 101606588 PMC - PMC13362712 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Crohn's disease OT - clinical remission OT - disease severity OT - pediatric inflammatory bowel disease OT - ulcerative colitis COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/15 10:10 MHDA- 2026/07/15 10:11 PMCR- 2026/06/30 CRDT- 2026/07/15 01:09 PHST- 2026/05/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/15 10:11 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/15 10:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/15 01:09 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jcm15135105 [pii] AID - jcm-15-05105 [pii] AID - 10.3390/jcm15135105 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Clin Med. 2026 Jun 30;15(13):5105. doi: 10.3390/jcm15135105. PMID- 42451409 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260813 IS - 1424-8220 (Electronic) IS - 1424-8220 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 13 DP - 2026 Jul 2 TI - A Multi-Stage Framework for Refining Infant Daytime Sleep-Wake Labels from Wearable Accelerometer Data. LID - 10.3390/s26134168 [doi] LID - 4168 AB - Sleep is essential for infants' physical and cognitive development. Unlike older children or adolescents, infants sleep longer durations, including multiple daytime naps. While nighttime sleep is easier to detect due to its extended periods, identifying daytime sleep is more challenging due to its short, fragmented nature and its similarity to idle wakefulness. Moreover, parent-reported sleep estimations are prone to error as continuous monitoring is often impractical. To address these limitations, we developed a Multi-Stage Sleep-Wake (MSW) classification approach using triaxial accelerometer data collected from wearable devices placed on infants' ankles and waists over multiple days. This method systematically refines and classifies sleep and wake states through a series of analytical steps. This systematic process generates refined proxy sleep-wake labels that account for behavioral overlaps and correct mislabeled idle periods. We trained and validated multiple machine learning models using these labels and compared the results to parent annotated labels. Models trained using MSW-derived labels achieved 96.6% accuracy using Random Forest classifier compared to 72% using parent-reported labels. These findings demonstrate that the MSW framework produces a more consistent set of proxy sleep-wake annotations for model development, although the derived labels were not validated against an independent reference standard. Furthermore, the proposed MSW framework may serve as a practical label-refinement methodology for improving noisy caregiver-reported sleep annotations in future wearable-based infant sleep studies where independent sleep labels are unavailable. FAU - Thelagathoti, Rama Krishna AU - Thelagathoti RK AD - Molecular Diagnostic Research Laboratory, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE 68131, USA. FAU - Redrowthu, Vijaya Saraswathi AU - Redrowthu VS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5462-3030 AD - Department of Computer Science and Engineering, VNR Vignana Jyothi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Hyderabad 500090, Telangana, India. FAU - Dinkel, Danae AU - Dinkel D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0262-4429 AD - School of Health and Kinesiology, University of Nebraska Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182, USA. FAU - Ali, Hesham H AU - Ali HH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8016-6144 AD - College of Information Science and Technology, University of Nebraska Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182, USA. FAU - Fernando, Rohan M AU - Fernando RM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3596-3160 AD - Molecular Diagnostic Research Laboratory, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE 68131, USA. LA - eng GR - PG64311/Ryan Foundation/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260702 PL - Switzerland TA - Sensors (Basel) JT - Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101204366 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Wearable Electronic Devices MH - Infant MH - *Accelerometry/methods MH - *Wakefulness/physiology MH - *Sleep/physiology MH - Machine Learning MH - Female MH - Male PMC - PMC13363950 OTO - NOTNLM OT - actigraphy data analysis OT - infant sleep detection OT - label refinement OT - wearable accelerometers COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/15 06:34 MHDA- 2026/07/15 13:09 PMCR- 2026/07/02 CRDT- 2026/07/15 01:06 PHST- 2026/04/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/15 13:09 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/15 06:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/15 01:06 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - s26134168 [pii] AID - sensors-26-04168 [pii] AID - 10.3390/s26134168 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sensors (Basel). 2026 Jul 2;26(13):4168. doi: 10.3390/s26134168. PMID- 42451177 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 13 DP - 2026 Jul 4 TI - Trans Fatty Acids Content in Breast Milk as a Marker of Their Short-Term Intake Within the Breastfeeding Mother's Diet: A Single-Participant Pilot Study. LID - 10.3390/nu18132177 [doi] LID - 2177 AB - Introduction: Breast milk is the best food for a growing infant during the first 6 months of life. The presence of trans fatty acids (TFAs) in breast milk can interfere with the synthesis of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), increasing the risk of developing, among other issues, asthma or atopic dermatitis. TFAs are not synthesised de novo in the human body. Their content in breast milk may be a good marker of short-term dietary intake of these compounds by breastfeeding mothers. However, the literature shows differences in the assessment of the relationship between dietary TFAs intake and TFAs content in breast milk. Furthermore, the decrease in the TFAs content in food observed recently seems to make it impossible to use Craig-Schmidt's formula to estimate the TFAs content in the diet or in breast milk. The aim of this study was to confirm the possibility of using TFAs content in breast milk as a marker of their short-term intake within the breastfeeding mother's diet, together with an attempt at preliminary quantitative determination of the relationship between these parameters. Materials: The study material was collected from a single breastfeeding mother and included 10 breast milk samples and 10 samples of daily food rations reconstructed based on the 24 h food consumption survey. Methods: The content of fatty acids, including TFAs, was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results: The TFAs content in the whole-day mother's diet and in 100 mL of breast milk ranged from 0.11 to 0.54 g/day and from 0.02 to 0.07 g, respectively. A strong statistically significant (p < 0.05) positive correlation between these parameters was found. Equations for an exploratory linear relationship between the TFAs content in a breastfeeding mother's diet and the concentration of these fatty acids in breast milk have been developed. Due to the small number of samples, these data should be interpreted very cautiously and validated in a larger cohort. Conclusions: This single-participant pilot study suggests that TFAs content in breast milk may be a marker of the dietary intake of these compounds from the previous day. It seems that the dietary habits of breastfeeding mothers of twins are a significant factor influencing the composition of breast milk and, consequently, the nutritional quality of breastfed infants. FAU - Jasinska-Melon, Edyta AU - Jasinska-Melon E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1697-5462 AD - Department of Nutrition and Nutritive Value of Food, National Institute of Public Health NIH-National Research Institute, Chocimska Str. 24, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland. FAU - Mojska, Hanna AU - Mojska H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4093-6159 AD - Department of Nutrition and Nutritive Value of Food, National Institute of Public Health NIH-National Research Institute, Chocimska Str. 24, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland. FAU - Bzikowska-Jura, Agnieszka AU - Bzikowska-Jura A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5181-3771 AD - Department of Clinical Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, Ciolka Str. 27, 01-445 Warsaw, Poland. LA - eng GR - 1/FZML/2023 and S.1.FZ.2.26/National Institute of Public Health NIH-National Research Institute/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260704 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Trans Fatty Acids) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Milk, Human/chemistry MH - Female MH - Pilot Projects MH - *Breast Feeding MH - Biomarkers/analysis MH - *Trans Fatty Acids/analysis MH - *Diet MH - Adult MH - Infant PMC - PMC13363609 OTO - NOTNLM OT - GC-MS OT - a 10-day reconstructed daily diet OT - breast milk OT - breastfeeding twins OT - correlations OT - trans fatty acids COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/15 06:35 MHDA- 2026/07/15 18:40 PMCR- 2026/07/04 CRDT- 2026/07/15 01:05 PHST- 2026/05/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/15 18:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/15 06:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/15 01:05 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18132177 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-02177 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18132177 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Jul 4;18(13):2177. doi: 10.3390/nu18132177. PMID- 42451103 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 13 DP - 2026 Jun 27 TI - Health-Related Quality of Life in Pediatric Hepatic Glycogen Storage Disease: A Dual-Perspective Study. LID - 10.3390/nu18132099 [doi] LID - 2099 AB - Background/Objectives: Hepatic glycogen storage diseases (GSDs) are rare inherited metabolic disorders requiring lifelong nutritional management and strict metabolic control, which may adversely affect the health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This study aimed to evaluate the HRQoL in children with hepatic GSD using both child and parent reports, compare findings with normative data, and explore associations with biochemical, anthropometric, and nutritional management-related parameters. Methods: The study included 23 children with hepatic GSD and their parents. HRQoL was assessed using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) Generic Core Scale. Child and parent reports were compared with normative data for healthy and chronically ill children. Agreement between child and parent reports was evaluated with intraclass correlation coefficients, and exploratory associations between variables were assessed using partial Spearman correlation analyses. Results: Total and most subscale PedsQL scores reported by both children and parents were significantly lower than those of healthy peers and children with chronic diseases (p < 0.05). Parents reported lower HRQoL scores than children, particularly in psychosocial, social, and school functioning domains, with low to moderate agreement between reports. Exploratory analyses suggested that body composition and nutritional treatment burden indicators were correlated with selected HRQoL domains. Conclusions: Children with hepatic GSD experience impaired HRQoL from both child and parent perspectives. Integrating HRQoL assessment into routine clinical and nutritional follow-up may help identify unmet psychosocial and dietary support needs and support more individualized nutritional management in children with hepatic GSD. FAU - Aydin, Oznur AU - Aydin O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8463-6660 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06100, Turkiye. FAU - Dagdelen, Selcuk AU - Dagdelen S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0513-1750 AD - Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06230, Turkiye. FAU - Ozen, Hasan AU - Ozen H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9063-3893 AD - Division of Pediatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06230, Turkiye. FAU - Gokmen-Ozel, Hulya AU - Gokmen-Ozel H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8282-6468 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06100, Turkiye. LA - eng GR - 2211/A/Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260627 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - Hepatorenal form of glycogen storage disease SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Quality of Life MH - Male MH - Female MH - Child MH - Parents/psychology MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Glycogen Storage Disease/psychology MH - Adolescent MH - Nutritional Status MH - *Glycogen Storage Disease Type I/psychology PMC - PMC13364485 OTO - NOTNLM OT - body composition OT - nutritional management OT - parent-proxy report OT - pediatric quality of life inventory OT - uncooked cornstarch COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/15 06:36 MHDA- 2026/07/15 18:42 PMCR- 2026/06/27 CRDT- 2026/07/15 01:05 PHST- 2026/05/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/15 18:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/15 06:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/15 01:05 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18132099 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-02099 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18132099 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Jun 27;18(13):2099. doi: 10.3390/nu18132099. PMID- 42451050 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 13 DP - 2026 Jun 23 TI - Extending the Validity of the Feeding Practices and Structure Questionnaire Solid Feeding Version (FPSQ-S) to Mothers and Fathers Living with Socioeconomic Disadvantage. LID - 10.3390/nu18132046 [doi] LID - 2046 AB - Background/Objective: Parental feeding practices play an important role in shaping children's dietary intake, eating behaviours, and long-term health outcomes. Although several questionnaires assess feeding practices, few have been validated among socioeconomically disadvantaged populations, despite these groups being disproportionately affected by food insecurity and diet-related health inequities. This study assessed the structural validity and internal consistency of the Feeding Practices and Structure Questionnaire-Solid Feeding version (FPSQ-S)-among socioeconomically disadvantaged mothers and fathers of young children. Methods: Two cross-sectional online surveys were conducted with 178 mothers and 94 fathers of children aged 5-35 months living in disadvantaged households. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to examine the structural validity of the FPSQ-S. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha and Hancock's H coefficients. Results: The original six-factor FPSQ-S structure was retained and demonstrated acceptable overall model fit in this disadvantaged sample (CFI = 0.846, TLI = 0.821, RMSEA = 0.070). Internal consistency ranged from acceptable to excellent across subscales (Cronbach's alpha = 0.63-0.93; Hancock's H = 0.64-0.93). Most items loaded satisfactorily onto their intended constructs; however, two items within the Feeding on Demand construct demonstrated weak factor loadings, and this construct showed lower reliability than the remaining subscales Conclusions: This is the first study to evaluate the FPSQ-S among socioeconomically disadvantaged mothers and fathers of children aged 5-35 months. The FPSQ-S demonstrated acceptable structural validity and reliability. While the six-factor structure was largely supported, further refinement of the Feeding on Demand construct and additional psychometric evaluation are warranted. FAU - Nambiar, Smita AU - Nambiar S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0626-1119 AD - School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Victoria Park Road, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia. AD - Centre for Childhood Nutrition Research, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, 62 Graham Street, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia. FAU - So, Jeffrey T H AU - So JTH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0516-9609 AD - School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Victoria Park Road, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia. AD - Centre for Childhood Nutrition Research, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, 62 Graham Street, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia. AD - School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD 4556, Australia. FAU - Jansen, Elena AU - Jansen E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6051-4148 AD - Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. LA - eng GR - WCCNR03/Children's Hospital Foundation/ PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260623 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Child, Preschool MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Infant MH - *Mothers MH - *Fathers MH - Surveys and Questionnaires/standards MH - Adult MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Socioeconomic Factors MH - Factor Analysis, Statistical MH - *Vulnerable Populations MH - Psychometrics MH - Low Socioeconomic Status PMC - PMC13362640 OTO - NOTNLM OT - confirmatory factor analysis OT - fathers OT - feeding practices questionnaire OT - infants and children OT - mothers OT - responsive feeding OT - socioeconomically disadvantage COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/15 06:37 MHDA- 2026/07/15 12:36 PMCR- 2026/06/23 CRDT- 2026/07/15 01:05 PHST- 2026/05/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/15 12:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/15 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/15 01:05 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18132046 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-02046 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18132046 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Jun 23;18(13):2046. doi: 10.3390/nu18132046. PMID- 42450823 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260813 IS - 2227-9032 (Print) IS - 2227-9032 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9032 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 13 DP - 2026 Jun 23 TI - Physical Activity, Physical Fitness, and Motor Competence in Children Aged 5-10 Years-A Systematic Review. LID - 10.3390/healthcare14131813 [doi] LID - 1813 AB - BACKGROUND: Motor competence (MC), physical activity (PA), and physical fitness (PF) are interrelated components of child development, yet evidence on the MC-PF-PA triad in middle childhood remains inconsistent due to methodological heterogeneity. OBJECTIVE: To synthesise associations between MC, PF, and PA in children aged 5-10 years (2020-2025) and to appraise methodological quality and certainty. METHODS: A PRISMA 2020-compliant systematic review (PROSPERO: CRD42024617560) searched six databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, SportDiscus, SciELO, PsycINFO) from January 2020 to April 2025, updated November 2025. Eligible observational studies in English reported quantitative associations between >/=2 constructs in 5-10-year-olds using validated instruments. Risk of bias was appraised in duplicate with JBI checklists. Quantitative pooling was unfeasible under a pre-specified pooling matrix; associations were synthesised narratively and certainty rated using a GRADE-style framework. RESULTS: Thirteen studies (n = 43-1064; 11 cross-sectional, 2 longitudinal) were included; six were low, five moderate, and two high risk of bias. MC-PA was predominantly positive, especially with objective instruments; MC-PF was consistently positive; PF-PA was less consistent but trended positive longitudinally. Mediation/moderation analyses (k = 3) supported roles for perceived competence, self-efficacy, and PF. Null/negative findings clustered among subjective PA measures and higher risk of bias. GRADE certainty was low-to-moderate. CONCLUSIONS: MC, PF, and PA are interconnected in middle childhood, but cross-sectional predominance and instrument heterogeneity preclude causal inference; findings are provisional and should drive longitudinal, methodologically standardised research. FAU - Rosa, Paulino Gomes AU - Rosa PG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8103-4522 AD - ESECS, Polytechnique University of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal. AD - SPRINT-Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center, 6000-084 Castelo Branco, Portugal. AD - Portugal Life Quality Research Centre (CIEQV), 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal. FAU - Furtado, Guilherme Eustaquio AU - Furtado GE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8327-1567 AD - SPRINT-Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & INnovation Center, Polytechnic University of Coimbra, Rua Dom Joao III-Solum, 3030-329 Coimbra, Portugal. AD - Applied Research Institute, Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Rua da Misericordia, Lagar dos Corticos-S. Martinho do Bispo, 3045-093 Coimbra, Portugal. FAU - Jacinto, Miguel AU - Jacinto M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1727-3537 AD - ESECS, Polytechnique University of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal. AD - Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 6201-001 Covilha, Portugal. FAU - Ibanez, Sergio Jose AU - Ibanez SJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6009-4086 AD - Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte, Grupo de Optimizacion del Entrenamiento y Rendimiento Deportivo, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain. FAU - Serrano, Joao AU - Serrano J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5112-4984 AD - SPRINT-Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center, 6000-084 Castelo Branco, Portugal. AD - Department of Sports and Well-Being, Politecnic University of Castelo Branco, 6000-266 Castelo Branco, Portugal. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260623 PL - Switzerland TA - Healthcare (Basel) JT - Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101666525 PMC - PMC13361801 OTO - NOTNLM OT - child health promotion OT - fundamental movement skills OT - motor skill development OT - movement behaviours OT - physical literacy OT - school-based interventions COIS- The authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/15 10:10 MHDA- 2026/07/15 10:11 PMCR- 2026/06/23 CRDT- 2026/07/15 01:04 PHST- 2026/02/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/15 10:11 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/15 10:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/15 01:04 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - healthcare14131813 [pii] AID - healthcare-14-01813 [pii] AID - 10.3390/healthcare14131813 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Healthcare (Basel). 2026 Jun 23;14(13):1813. doi: 10.3390/healthcare14131813. PMID- 42449312 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261010 LR - 20261011 IS - 1471-2431 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2431 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 14 TI - Diagnostic performance of insulin resistance indices and their association with metabolic outcomes in children with obesity: a 10-year retrospective study from a tertiary pediatric endocrinology center. LID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07183-w [doi] LID - 969 AB - BACKGROUND: Childhood obesity is strongly associated with insulin resistance (IR) and related metabolic complications. However, the optimal surrogate marker for identifying IR in pediatric populations remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of commonly used IR indices and to investigate their association with metabolic outcomes in children and adolescents with obesity. METHODS: This retrospective study included 899 children and adolescents with obesity followed at a tertiary pediatric endocrinology center over a 10-year period. IR was defined based on oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) findings. The diagnostic performance of the fasting glucose-to-insulin ratio (FGIR), quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) and the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Associations between IR, metabolic syndrome (MS), dysglycemia, hepatic steatosis, and biochemical parameters were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify independent predictors. RESULTS: HOMA-IR demonstrated the highest diagnostic performance for identifying IR (AUC: 0.711 in girls and 0.700 in boys), outperforming FGIR and QUICKI. Among pubertal participants, the optimal HOMA-IR cut-off values for predicting OGTT-defined insulin resistance were 4.22 in girls and 4.18 in boys. IR was present in 76.3% of participants and was associated with an unfavorable metabolic profile, including higher rates of dysglycemia and hepatic steatosis. Hepatic steatosis was detected in 63.5% of children and was significantly more common in boys. In multivariate analysis, male sex, BMI-SDS, and ALT were independent predictors of hepatic steatosis, whereas IR parameters were not independently associated. TSH levels were higher in IR and MS groups but remained within the normal range. CONCLUSION: HOMA-IR is a reliable and practical marker for identifying IR in children with obesity. While IR is associated with multiple metabolic disturbances, adiposity and liver-related markers appear to play a more dominant role in predicting hepatic steatosis. A comprehensive metabolic evaluation, including both fasting indices and dynamic tests, is essential for early risk stratification in pediatric obesity. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Eroglu Filibeli, Berna AU - Eroglu Filibeli B AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Izmir City Hospital, Izmir, Turkey. FAU - Vural Topaktas, Gulumay AU - Vural Topaktas G AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Izmir City Hospital, Izmir, Turkey. FAU - Yildirim, Julide Gulizar AU - Yildirim JG AD - Faculty of Health Sciences Public Health Nursing Department, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey. FAU - Dundar, Bumin AU - Dundar B AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey. nuri.dundar@ikc.edu.tr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260714 PL - England TA - BMC Pediatr JT - BMC pediatrics JID - 100967804 RN - 0 (Blood Glucose) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Insulin) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Insulin Resistance MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Female MH - Male MH - Child MH - Glucose Tolerance Test MH - *Pediatric Obesity/complications/metabolism/blood MH - Adolescent MH - ROC Curve MH - Metabolic Syndrome/diagnosis/etiology MH - Blood Glucose/metabolism/analysis MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - Tertiary Care Centers MH - Insulin/blood MH - Fatty Liver/etiology/diagnosis MH - Logistic Models PMC - PMC13651063 OTO - NOTNLM OT - HOMA-IR OT - Hepatic steatosis OT - Insulin resistance OT - Metabolic syndrome OT - Pediatric obesity COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Tepecik Training and Research Hospital (Approval number: 2022/03 - 02). Written informed consent was obtained from the parents or legal guardians of all participants under 16 years of age in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/15 06:38 MHDA- 2026/10/10 10:05 PMCR- 2026/07/14 CRDT- 2026/07/15 00:08 PHST- 2026/04/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/10 10:05 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/15 06:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/15 00:08 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07183-w [pii] AID - 7183 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07183-w [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pediatr. 2026 Jul 14;26(1):969. doi: 10.1186/s12887-026-07183-w. PMID- 42449271 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261008 LR - 20261010 IS - 1471-2393 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2393 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 14 TI - Nomogram model for predicting spontaneous preterm birth in twin pregnancies: a case-control study. LID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09663-4 [doi] LID - 1130 AB - BACKGROUND: This study aimed to identify independent factors and develop a nomogram for spontaneous preterm birth in twin pregnancies. METHODS: In this retrospective study, a total of 218 women with twin pregnancies from Jiaxing Women and Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University between June 2021 and May 2024 were enrolled. Univariate analysis and subsequent multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to identify independent factors. A nomogram prediction model was constructed using R software and evaluated by the area under the ROC curve (AUC), concordance index (C-index), and decision curve analysis (DCA). RESULTS: Univariate analysis identified body mass index (BMI) at delivery, cervical length during the second trimester, cervical funnel, gestational vaginitis, gestational diabetes mellitus and prenatal hemoglobin levels as factors associated with spontaneous preterm birth in twin pregnancies (P < 0.05). Multivariable logistic regression analysis confirmed BMI at delivery (OR = 0.887), cervical length during the second trimester (OR = 0.886), and gestational vaginitis (OR = 2.909) as independent predictors. The prediction model demonstrated good performance, with a C-index of 0.838 for the nomogram and an AUC of 0.838 from the ROC curve. DCA indicated the model provided net clinical benefit across a wide range of threshold probabilities. CONCLUSION: A nomogram incorporating BMI at delivery, cervical length during the second trimester, and gestation vaginitis status effectively predicts spontaneous preterm birth in twin pregnancies. This practical tool may aid in individualized risk assessment and guide clinical management. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Xu, Wei-Na AU - Xu WN AD - Department of Obstetrical, Jiaxing Women and Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Jiaxing, 314000, China. FAU - Ai, Ling AU - Ai L AD - Department of Obstetrical, Jiaxing Women and Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Jiaxing, 314000, China. FAU - Zhang, Xiao-Yan AU - Zhang XY AD - Department of Central Laboratory, Jiaxing Women and Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Jiaxing, 314000, China. FAU - Wang, Jian-Guo AU - Wang JG AD - Department of Central Laboratory, Jiaxing Women and Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Jiaxing, 314000, China. FAU - Huang, Yi-Min AU - Huang YM AD - Department of Central Laboratory, Jiaxing Women and Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Jiaxing, 314000, China. 15957317870@163.com. LA - eng GR - 2023AY31023/Science and Technology Bureau of Jiaxing City/ GR - 2024KY1694/Zhejiang Provincial Medical and health Science and Technology Program/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260714 PL - England TA - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth JT - BMC pregnancy and childbirth JID - 100967799 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *Nomograms MH - *Premature Birth/diagnosis/epidemiology/etiology MH - *Pregnancy, Twin MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Adult MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Risk Factors MH - Body Mass Index MH - ROC Curve MH - Cervical Length Measurement MH - Pregnancy Trimester, Second MH - Logistic Models MH - Diabetes, Gestational PMC - PMC13647848 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Delivery outcome OT - Nomogram OT - Risk factor OT - Spontaneous preterm birth OT - Twin pregnancies COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Jiaxing Women and Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University (2024-Y-43). Written informed consent was obtained from all women enrolled in the study. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/15 06:34 MHDA- 2026/10/08 05:31 PMCR- 2026/07/14 CRDT- 2026/07/15 00:07 PHST- 2024/09/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/08 05:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/15 06:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/15 00:07 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09663-4 [pii] AID - 9663 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09663-4 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2026 Jul 14;26(1):1130. doi: 10.1186/s12884-026-09663-4. PMID- 42449259 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261009 LR - 20261011 IS - 1471-2393 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2393 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 15 TI - Associated factors of fetal weight estimation accuracy by obstetric ultrasound among pregnant mothers admitted to labor ward of Dessie Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, East Amhara, Ethiopia. LID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09659-0 [doi] LID - 1139 AB - INTRODUCTION: Assessment of fetal weight is a vital and universal component of antenatal care, essential not only for the management of labor and delivery but also for growth monitoring and the management of high-risk pregnancies. Consequently, several studies have simply compared the accuracy of clinical versus ultrasound methods of fetal weight estimation while ignoring technical factors such as the experience of the sonographer. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the accuracy of sonographic fetal weight estimation and its associated factors among pregnant mothers admitted to the labor ward of Dessie Comprehensive Specialized Hospital in East Amhara, Ethiopia. METHODS: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January 1 to February 28, 2023, among 360 women who delivered at Dessie Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. Systematic random sampling was used to select study participants, and data were collected through maternal interviews and record reviews. The data were coded and entered using Epi-data version 4.6 software, then exported to SPSS version 26 for further statistical analysis. Both bivariable and multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with the accuracy of sonographic fetal weight estimation. As a measure of association, the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence level was utilized; a P-value < 0.05 in the multivariable analysis was considered statistically significant. RESULT: Responses were obtained from 360 mothers (mean age 31.79 +/- 6.98 years). The overall accuracy of sonographic fetal weight estimation (within +/- 10% of actual birth weight) was 88.3%, while 80% of scans were accurate within +/- 5%. The mean birth weight was 3171.67 g (SD +/- 708). Multivariable analysis showed that accuracy was significantly higher for scans performed < 1 day before delivery (AOR = 5.11, 95% CI: 1.71, 15.22) and for scans conducted by gynecologists/obstetricians (AOR = 4.34, 95% CI: 1.51, 12.54) compared to second-year residents. Conversely, accuracy significantly decreased for low-birth-weight babies (AOR = 0.29, 95% CI: 0.13, 0.62). CONCLUSION: Generally, the percentage of accurate sonographic fetal weight estimations in this study was higher than that reported in the majority of Ethiopian research. However, further improvement is needed to increase the accuracy of weight estimations. To achieve this, it is recommended that scans be performed by the most experienced examiners and conducted near the time of childbirth. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Belay, Kaleab AU - Belay K AD - Department of Midwife, Dessie Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Dessie, Ethiopia. FAU - Teferi, Mekonnen AU - Teferi M AD - Department of Public Health, Dessie College of Health Sciences, Dessie, Ethiopia. FAU - Mengistu, Zelalem AU - Mengistu Z AD - Department of Nursing, Dessie College of Health Sciences, Dessie, Ethiopia. FAU - Adem, Yonas Fissha AU - Adem YF AD - Department of Public Health, Dessie College of Health Sciences, Dessie, Ethiopia. yonasfissha029@gmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260715 PL - England TA - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth JT - BMC pregnancy and childbirth JID - 100967799 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - Ethiopia MH - *Ultrasonography, Prenatal/standards MH - *Fetal Weight MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adult MH - Young Adult MH - Birth Weight MH - Logistic Models PMC - PMC13651197 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Associated factors OT - Fetal weight estimation OT - Obstetric ultrasound COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical clearance was obtained from the ethical review committee of the College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University with a reference number of cmHs/752/23. A formal letter was submitted to Dessie Comprehensive Specialized Hospital to obtain permission. Before the interview, verbal informed consent was sought from every respondent. The objectives of the research were communicated to each participant, and data confidentiality was upheld at all times. The freedom of research participants to leave the study at any time was upheld. Every procedure was carried out in compliance with the applicable rules and regulations. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/15 10:10 MHDA- 2026/10/09 05:30 PMCR- 2026/07/15 CRDT- 2026/07/15 00:06 PHST- 2024/08/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/09 05:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/15 10:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/15 00:06 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09659-0 [pii] AID - 9659 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09659-0 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2026 Jul 15;26(1):1139. doi: 10.1186/s12884-026-09659-0. PMID- 42449095 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261008 LR - 20261010 IS - 1590-1262 (Electronic) IS - 1124-4909 (Print) IS - 1124-4909 (Linking) VI - 31 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 14 TI - A cross-sectional study of the associations between intuitive eating and maladaptive eating behaviors in Brazilian University students. LID - 10.1007/s40519-026-01888-8 [doi] LID - 85 AB - PURPOSE: To investigate the relationships between Intuitive Eating and maladaptive eating behaviors among Brazilian university students. METHODS: A cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted among technical, undergraduate, and postgraduate students aged 18 years or above, between 2020 and 2021. Participants completed an online survey comprising sociodemographic questions, the Intuitive Eating Scale-2 (IES-2), and the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-Revised 21 (TFEQ-R21), both validated for the Brazilian population. Spearman's correlation and MANCOVA tests were used to assess associations between study variables. RESULTS: The study included 1,237 participants (82.6% females) with a mean age of 26.3 (SD = 8.0) years. Intuitive Eating and its domains were negatively associated with Cognitive Restraint, Emotional Eating and Uncontrolled Eating. In the MANCOVA model, the Unconditional Permission to Eat subscale (IES-2) explained a large proportion of variance in Cognitive Restraint (eta2p = .314), and the Eating for Physical Rather than Emotional Reasons subscale (IES-2) explained a large proportion of variance in Emotional Eating (eta2p = .587). CONCLUSION: Intuitive eating and its domains were negatively associated with maladaptive eating behaviors among Brazilian university students, particularly Emotional Eating and Cognitive Restraint, with Eating for Physical Rather than Emotional Reasons and Unconditional Permission to Eat showing the strongest relationships. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level 4-Cross-sectional study. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Yavorivski, Andressa AU - Yavorivski A AD - School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. FAU - Ruiz, Ana Correa AU - Ruiz AC AD - School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. FAU - Poinhos, Rui AU - Poinhos R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9177-6423 AD - Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. ruipoinhos@fcna.up.pt. AD - Department of Biology and Environment, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tras-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal. ruipoinhos@fcna.up.pt. FAU - Feoli, Ana Maria Pandolfo AU - Feoli AMP AD - Postgraduate Program in Psychology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260714 PL - Germany TA - Eat Weight Disord JT - Eating and weight disorders : EWD JID - 9707113 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Brazil MH - Adult MH - Male MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - Young Adult MH - *Students/psychology MH - Universities MH - Emotional Eating MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology MH - Adolescent MH - Emotions/physiology MH - *Eating/psychology MH - *Intuition/physiology PMC - PMC13645931 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Disordered eating OT - Eating behavior OT - Emotional eating OT - Intuitive eating OT - Uncontrolled eating COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/15 00:35 MHDA- 2026/10/08 05:31 PMCR- 2026/07/14 CRDT- 2026/07/14 23:35 PHST- 2024/09/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/08 05:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/15 00:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/14 23:35 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s40519-026-01888-8 [pii] AID - 1888 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s40519-026-01888-8 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Eat Weight Disord. 2026 Jul 14;31(1):85. doi: 10.1007/s40519-026-01888-8. PMID- 42449006 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260813 IS - 2509-8020 (Electronic) IS - 2509-8020 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 14 TI - Linguistical and psychometric validation of the MIND Youth Questionnaire (My-Q) in Swedish. LID - 10.1186/s41687-026-01148-4 [doi] LID - 121 AB - BACKGROUND: The Mind Youth Questionnaire is a multidimensional health-related quality-of-life questionnaire designed for pediatric diabetes care and exists in Dutch, English, and Spanish. METHODS: The aim of this study was to linguistically and psychometrically validate the Mind Youth Questionnaire (My-Q) for Swedish-speaking youths with type 1 diabetes. The linguistic process of the Dutch version followed ISPOR s guidelines. For face validity, youths with type 1 diabetes and diabetes nurses were interviewed. Three stigma items were included. The final Swedish My-Q consists of 38 items. A total of 166 youths (10-19 years) completed the My-Q and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory diabetes module. A 2nd -order confirmatory factor analysis was conducted using the nine-factor Dutch and five-factor Spanish versions. RESULTS: The 2nd -order nine-factor solution (social impact, parents, diabetes control perceptions, responsibilities, worries, treatment satisfaction, body image and eating behavior, stigma, and mood) showed adequate fit: chi2(551) = 828.36 (p < .01), Comparative Fit Index (CFI) = 0.90, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) = 0.05 [0.05,0.06], Standardized Root Mean Square Residual (SRMR) = 0.08. The nine-factor solution and grouping of the items followed a clear rationale. The reliability coefficients of the total scale were adequate, alpha = 0.86, Omega = 0.90, and Omega for all the factors ranged from 0.49 to 0.88. The relationships between My-Q factors and sociodemographic variables revealed that boys had better health-related quality of life than girls. Younger youths reported better health-related quality of life in terms of body image and eating behavior (p=.005). Concurrent validity was confirmed, as all the factors were positively related to all the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory diabetes module factors. A negative correlation was found between the level of glycated hemoglobin and the My-Q score (r=-.258, p < .001). CONCLUSION: The Swedish My-Q has adequate psychometric properties and can be used in research and for routine psychosocial assessment. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Brorsson, Anna Lena AU - Brorsson AL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8136-6340 AD - Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. anna-lena.brorsson@ki.se. AD - Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. anna-lena.brorsson@ki.se. FAU - Rudilla, David AU - Rudilla D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6042-4724 AD - Pulmonology, Air Liquide Healthcare, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Kleijberg, Max AU - Kleijberg M AD - Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. AD - Department of Health Sciences, Innovation and Design, Malardalen University, Eskilstuna, Sweden. FAU - deWit, Maartje AU - deWit M AD - Medical Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. FAU - Lundberg, Elena AU - Lundberg E AD - Department of Pediatrics, Institution of Clinical Science, Umea University, Umea, Sweden. FAU - Lindholm-Olinder, Anna AU - Lindholm-Olinder A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8422-2457 AD - Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. AD - Sachs Children and Youth Hospital, Stockholm South General Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260714 PL - Germany TA - J Patient Rep Outcomes JT - Journal of patient-reported outcomes JID - 101722688 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/psychology/therapy MH - Adolescent MH - Psychometrics MH - Child MH - *Quality of Life/psychology MH - Sweden MH - Surveys and Questionnaires/standards MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Young Adult MH - Linguistics MH - Body Image MH - Factor Analysis, Statistical PMC - PMC13373108 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Questionnaire OT - Type 1 diabetes OT - Validation OT - Youth COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The Swedish Ethical Review Authority approved this study (no: 2022-03838-01 and 2022-05738-02), which was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki [34]. Consent for publication: Before inclusion, participants and their parents received oral and written information. The participants signed informed consent forms. In accordance with Swedish regulations, the legal guardians of participants under 15 years of age also signed an informed consent form. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/15 00:35 MHDA- 2026/07/15 12:37 PMCR- 2026/07/14 CRDT- 2026/07/14 23:32 PHST- 2026/02/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/15 12:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/15 00:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/14 23:32 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s41687-026-01148-4 [pii] AID - 1148 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s41687-026-01148-4 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Patient Rep Outcomes. 2026 Jul 14;10(1):121. doi: 10.1186/s41687-026-01148-4. PMID- 42447299 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260807 LR - 20260807 IS - 1944-0057 (Electronic) IS - 1944-0057 (Linking) VI - 43 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug TI - A multi-tiered approach for human health risk assessment of pesticide residues in green peppers using Monte Carlo simulation. PG - 1182-1195 LID - 10.1080/19440049.2026.2691366 [doi] AB - Exposure to pesticide residues in vegetables remains a major concern for human health. This study proposes a robust, multi-tiered human health risk assessment framework to support food safety decision-making, using sweet green peppers as a case study. The approach integrates regulatory compliance assessment (Tier 1), deterministic evaluation (Tier 2), and probabilistic modelling (Tier 3). Pesticide residues from 80 samples were quantified using a QuEChERS UPLC-MS/MS method validated according to SANTE/11312/2021 guidelines. Residues were detected in 37.5% of samples, with 13 active substances quantified above the limit of quantification, and only 3.75% exceeding EU maximum residue limits, indicating high compliance. The deterministic assessment (Tier 2), based on a conservative intake-to-body weight ratio and mean concentrations of quantified residues, resulted in cumulative hazard index (HI) values of 0.044 for adults and 0.046 for children/adolescents. The inclusion of non-quantified compounds using the Middle-Bound approach (LOQ/2) increased the cumulative HI values to 0.067 for adults and 0.071 for children/adolescents. In contrast, the probabilistic risk assessment (Tier 3), based on fitted distributions of residue concentrations and dietary intake, yielded cumulative risk estimates at upper exposure percentiles (p90-p99), ranging from 0.0006 to 0.0045 for adults and from 0.0011 to 0.0057 for children/adolescents. These findings highlight the added value of probabilistic approaches for characterising dietary risk by incorporating exposure variability and reducing uncertainty. In particular, Tier 3 enables a more realistic estimation of exposure based on limited quantitative data and allows the integration and interpretation of values below the LOQ, thereby contributing to a more robust risk assessment. FAU - Boudriiya, Imane AU - Boudriiya I AD - Biotechnology and Biomolecular Engineering Research Team, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies of Tangier, University of Abdelmalek Essaadi, Tangier, Morocco. AD - Regional Laboratory of Analysis and Research, National Office of Food Safety (ONSSA), Tangier, Morocco. FAU - Marti, Vicenc AU - Marti V AD - Chemical Engineering Department, Escola d'Enginyeria de Barcelona Est (EEBE), Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya (UPC)-BarcelonaTECH and Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering (CCEM), Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Kounnoun, Ayoub AU - Kounnoun A AD - Faculty, of Medical Sciences, UM6P Hospitals, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Benguerir, Morocco. FAU - El Maadoudi, Mohammed AU - El Maadoudi M AD - Regional Laboratory of Analysis and Research, National Office of Food Safety (ONSSA), Tangier, Morocco. FAU - Alahlah, Naoual AU - Alahlah N AD - Regional Laboratory of Analysis and Research, National Office of Food Safety (ONSSA), Tangier, Morocco. FAU - Ait Lamine, Naima AU - Ait Lamine N AD - Regional Laboratory of Analysis and Research, National Office of Food Safety (ONSSA), Tangier, Morocco. FAU - Laglaoui, Amin AU - Laglaoui A AD - Biotechnology and Biomolecular Engineering Research Team, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies of Tangier, University of Abdelmalek Essaadi, Tangier, Morocco. FAU - Hassani Zerrouk, Mounir AU - Hassani Zerrouk M AD - Biotechnology and Biomolecular Engineering Research Team, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies of Tangier, University of Abdelmalek Essaadi, Tangier, Morocco. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260714 PL - England TA - Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess JT - Food additives & contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, analysis, control, exposure & risk assessment JID - 101485040 RN - 0 (Pesticide Residues) SB - IM MH - Risk Assessment MH - Humans MH - *Pesticide Residues/analysis MH - *Capsicum/chemistry MH - *Food Contamination/analysis MH - *Monte Carlo Method MH - Tandem Mass Spectrometry OTO - NOTNLM OT - QuEChERS OT - UPLC-MS/MS OT - dietary exposure OT - hazard index OT - hazard quotient OT - probabilistic exposure modelling EDAT- 2026/07/14 18:43 MHDA- 2026/08/07 12:39 CRDT- 2026/07/14 15:12 PHST- 2026/08/07 12:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/14 18:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/14 15:12 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/19440049.2026.2691366 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess. 2026 Aug;43(8):1182-1195. doi: 10.1080/19440049.2026.2691366. Epub 2026 Jul 14. PMID- 42446071 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261012 LR - 20261014 IS - 1099-0968 (Electronic) IS - 1072-4133 (Print) IS - 1072-4133 (Linking) VI - 34 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Nov TI - Weight Bias Internalisation and Health-Related Quality of Life in Adolescents: What Role Do Family Meals Play? PG - 1648-1659 LID - 10.1002/erv.70142 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Weight bias internalisation (WBI) has been associated with poorer health-related quality of life (HRQoL), however, evidence in community-based adolescent samples remains scarce. Family meals have shown protective effects on adolescent health, yet their role in the relationship between WBI and HRQoL has not yet been explored. This study investigated associations between WBI, HRQoL, and family meals in Spanish adolescents. METHOD: We conducted a cross-sectional study with a representative sample of 1016 adolescents aged 11-16 from Terrassa, Spain (random multistage cluster sampling). Validated instruments were used to assess WBI (WBIS-M), HRQoL (KIDSCREEN-27), and family dinner quality and frequency. Anthropometric data were objectively measured. Adjusted regression models were conducted. RESULTS: Lower WBI and a higher frequency and quality of family dinners were associated with higher HRQoL scores across KIDSCREEN-27 domains. Further analyses revealed that family dinners moderated the effect of WBI on two HRQoL factors, attenuating its negative impact. However, this moderating impact became substantially weaker at higher levels of WBI. CONCLUSIONS: This study of Spanish adolescents is the first to show a negative association between WBI and HRQoL and that this relationship is moderated by the frequency and quality of shared family meals, suggesting that supportive family environments can buffer WBI's negative impact, although this protective role is attenuated at the highest levels of WBI, highlighting the vital need for early prevention, and warranting further investigation. CI - (c) 2026 Beat Eating Disorders and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. All rights reserved, including rights for text and data mining and training of artificial intelligence technologies or similar technologies. FAU - Broto-Puig, Jaume AU - Broto-Puig J AD - Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (Open University of Catalonia, UOC), Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Latorre-Millan, Miriam AU - Latorre-Millan M AD - Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (Open University of Catalonia, UOC), Barcelona, Spain. AD - Miguel Servet University Hospital, Institute for Health Research Aragon (IIS Aragon), Zaragoza, Spain. AD - Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odon, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Penelo, Eva AU - Penelo E AD - Departament de Psicobiologia i de Metodologia de les Ciencies de la Salut, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Bach-Faig, Anna AU - Bach-Faig A AD - NUTRALiSS Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Open University of Catalonia (UOC), Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Sanchez-Carracedo, David AU - Sanchez-Carracedo D AD - Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. LA - eng GR - RTI2018-099293-B-I00/Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation/ GR - PID2022-138977OB-I00/Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260714 PL - England TA - Eur Eat Disord Rev JT - European eating disorders review : the journal of the Eating Disorders Association JID - 9436977 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - *Quality of Life/psychology MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Child MH - Spain MH - Male MH - *Meals/psychology MH - *Body Weight MH - *Family/psychology MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - *Body Image/psychology PMC - PMC13656762 OTO - NOTNLM OT - family dinner index OT - family meals OT - quality of life OT - weight bias internalisation OT - weight stigma COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/14 14:00 MHDA- 2026/10/12 11:41 PMCR- 2026/10/12 CRDT- 2026/07/14 08:03 PHST- 2026/06/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/12 11:41 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/14 14:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/14 08:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ERV70142 [pii] AID - 10.1002/erv.70142 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2026 Nov;34(6):1648-1659. doi: 10.1002/erv.70142. Epub 2026 Jul 14. PMID- 42445937 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260813 IS - 2055-7647 (Print) IS - 2055-7647 (Electronic) IS - 2055-7647 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 3 DP - 2026 TI - Associations of academic performance, sports participation, disordered eating and menstrual cycle irregularities in adolescents: a population-based study. PG - e003078 LID - 10.1136/bmjsem-2025-003078 [doi] LID - e003078 AB - BACKGROUND: Regular menstruation is an important indicator of well-being in adolescent females. We aimed to assess risk factors associated with menstrual cycle irregularities in a population-based cohort of high school students. METHODS: In the fall of 2022, we recruited a cohort of 1161 first-year female students from 21 socio-economically diverse high schools in the capital region of Finland. Participants completed an online survey addressing menstruation, academic performance and sports participation and validated questionnaires (the Sick-Control-One stone-Fat-Food (SCOFF) eating disorder screening tool and School Burnout Inventory). RESULTS: Of 935 (81%) participants (mean age 16) not using hormonal preparations, 336 (37%) reported irregular menstruation. Elevated School Burnout Inventory scores (per point OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.05), lower body mass index (OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.12 to 3.08) and high SCOFF scores (OR 2.09, 95% CI 1.40 to 3.10) were associated with irregular menstruation. Overall physical activity levels showed no significant association with menstruation. In subgroup analysis, low body mass index and disordered eating symptoms were associated with irregular menstruation among casual exercisers whereas school burnout was associated with irregular menstruation among competitive athletes. CONCLUSION: School-related stress, eating and exercise habits should be evaluated among high school students presenting with menstrual irregularities, as these factors may be relevant in identifying adolescents at risk of more severe reproductive dysfunctions, including amenorrhoea. CI - Copyright (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ Group. FAU - Moro, Sara Maria Margareeta AU - Moro SMM AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-7340-5817 AD - Helsinki University Hospital, New Children's Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. AD - Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. FAU - Holopainen, Elina AU - Holopainen E AD - Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. FAU - Saari, Viivi AU - Saari V AD - Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. FAU - Kosola, Silja AU - Kosola S AD - Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. AD - Research Services, Western Uusimaa County Wellbeing Services, Espoo, Finland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260710 PL - England TA - BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med JT - BMJ open sport & exercise medicine JID - 101681007 PMC - PMC13358262 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent OT - Eating disorders OT - Menstruation OT - Physical activity COIS- None declared. EDAT- 2026/07/14 18:26 MHDA- 2026/07/14 18:27 PMCR- 2026/07/10 CRDT- 2026/07/14 06:56 PHST- 2025/11/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/14 18:27 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/14 18:26 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/14 06:56 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjsem-2025-003078 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjsem-2025-003078 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2026 Jul 10;12(3):e003078. doi: 10.1136/bmjsem-2025-003078. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42445753 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260813 IS - 1658-3175 (Electronic) IS - 0379-5284 (Print) IS - 0379-5284 (Linking) VI - 47 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Dietary Fat Intake and Its Influence on the Association Between Liver Fat and Brain Choline Metabolism in Young Saudi Women. PG - 1309-1315 LID - 10.15537/1658-3175.8822 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Fat-rich nutrition may influence the neurochemical consequences of hepatic lipid accumulation. This study examined whether percent energy from fat modifies the association between liver fat and the brain (Cho/Cr) ratio in healthy young women. METHODS: A total of 109 healthy Saudi women aged 18-25 years underwent brain magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) to quantify Cho/Cr ratios. Liver fat was estimated using MRI-based proton density fat fraction (PDFF), and lipid intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Multivariable regression models tested the interaction between liver fat and fat-derived energy intake, followed by simple slopes analysis, regression diagnostics, and false discovery rate (FDR) correction. RESULTS: A modest but statistically significant interaction was observed between liver fat and reported fat intake in relation to the brain Cho/Cr ratio (p = 0.037). The association between liver fat and Cho/Cr appeared stronger at higher levels of fat consumption (+1 SD) and weaker at lower intake (-1 SD). Regression diagnostics indicated no multicollinearity or heteroscedasticity, and FDR correction supported the stability of the interaction. CONCLUSION: Fat intake may modify the relationship between liver fat and brain choline metabolism in young women. These findings suggest that nutritional context could play a role in liver-brain metabolic coupling, although the effect size is modest and should be interpreted with caution. CI - Copyright: (c) Saudi Medical Journal. FAU - Hawesa, Halima S AU - Hawesa HS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8478-971X AD - Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Shanawani, Mansour E AU - Shanawani ME AD - Department of Radiology, King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz University Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alshegri, Haya A AU - Alshegri HA AD - Department of Radiology, King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz University Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. FAU - Hassan, Mahasin G AU - Hassan MG AD - College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alorainy, Amal I AU - Alorainy AI AD - College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alroqaiba, Nouf A AU - Alroqaiba NA AD - College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. FAU - Sheikh, Shanoo G A AU - Sheikh SGA AD - College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260707 PL - Saudi Arabia TA - Saudi Med J JT - Saudi medical journal JID - 7909441 RN - N91BDP6H0X (Choline) RN - 0 (Dietary Fats) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Choline/metabolism MH - *Brain/metabolism MH - *Liver/metabolism MH - Young Adult MH - Adult MH - Saudi Arabia MH - Adolescent MH - *Dietary Fats/administration & dosage MH - Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy PMC - PMC13360573 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Brain/metabolism OT - Choline/metabolism OT - Dietary fats OT - Fatty liver OT - Female OT - Magnetic resonance spectroscopy OT - Saudi Arabia OT - Young adult EDAT- 2026/07/14 18:26 MHDA- 2026/07/14 18:27 PMCR- 2026/08/01 CRDT- 2026/07/14 06:54 PHST- 2025/11/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/14 18:27 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/14 18:26 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/14 06:54 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - saudimedj-47-8-1309 [pii] AID - 10.15537/1658-3175.8822 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Saudi Med J. 2026 Aug;47(8):1309-1315. doi: 10.15537/1658-3175.8822. Epub 2026 Jul 7. PMID- 42444614 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260813 IS - 1099-1492 (Electronic) IS - 0952-3480 (Print) IS - 0952-3480 (Linking) VI - 39 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Serum and Urine Metabolomic Profiles in Children With Growth Retardation: An Exploratory (1)H-NMR Study. PG - e70356 LID - 10.1002/nbm.70356 [doi] LID - e70356 AB - Growth retardation, defined by impaired anthropometric development relative to age-based population standards, may be accompanied by metabolic alterations. This study aimed to characterize serum and urine metabolomic profiles in children with growth retardation using exploratory (1)H-NMR spectroscopy. Thirty children with growth retardation and 24 controls were included in this cross-sectional study. Serum and urine samples were analyzed by (1)H-NMR spectroscopy, and annotated metabolites were evaluated using Chenomx, MetaboAnalyst, and R software. Clinical and laboratory variables were compared between groups. Metabolomic analysis included univariate comparisons, volcano plots, PCA, OPLS-DA, Spearman correlation analysis, age-adjusted regression, exploratory ROC analysis, and metabolite set enrichment analysis. The growth retardation group had lower age and BMI than controls, while serum iron and AST were higher. Volcano plot analysis showed a more distinct pattern of nominal metabolite alterations in serum than in urine. In serum, 3-hydroxybutyrate and glucuronate showed relative increases, whereas N-acetylgalactosamine, alanine, glutamate, and glucose showed relative decreases. In urine, metabolite differences were less pronounced. Multivariate analysis demonstrated a significant overall group effect in serum but not in urine. Within the growth retardation group, age was negatively correlated with serum 3-hydroxybutyrate and positively correlated with N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid, whereas several urinary metabolites showed negative correlations with age. After age adjustment, only 4-ethylbenzoic acid remained significant in serum after multiple testing correction. Exploratory ROC analysis identified N-acetylgalactosamine and 4-ethylbenzoic acid in serum and beta-alanine and creatinine in urine as the metabolites with the highest within cohort classification tendency. Children with growth retardation exhibited modest metabolic differences, with more consistent group-related alterations observed in serum than in urine. These findings mainly suggest changes related to energy metabolism, amino acid turnover, and intermediary metabolism. However, the results remain exploratory and require confirmation in larger, age-stratified and independently validated cohorts. CI - (c) 2026 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Alim, Mehtap AU - Alim M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0818-7714 AD - Health Sciences Institute, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkiye. AD - Department of Medical Biochemistry, Bezmialem Vakif University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Demirel, Metin AU - Demirel M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4810-6771 AD - Department of Medical Biochemistry, Bezmialem Vakif University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Koktasoglu, Fatmanur AU - Koktasoglu F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3201-5923 AD - Department of Medical Biochemistry, Bezmialem Vakif University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Ozgurhan, Gamze AU - Ozgurhan G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8063-1931 AD - Clinic of Pediatrics, Istanbul Education Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Pasin, Ozge AU - Pasin O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6530-0942 AD - Department of Biostatistics, Hamidiye Medical Faculty, Health Sciences University, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Bas, Suleyman AU - Bas S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5883-445X AD - University of Health Sciences, Sancaktepe Sehit Prof. Dr. Ilhan Varank Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Selek, Sahabettin AU - Selek S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1235-3957 AD - Department of Medical Biochemistry, Bezmialem Vakif University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkiye. LA - eng GR - 20240602/Bezmialem Vakif Universitesi/ PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - NMR Biomed JT - NMR in biomedicine JID - 8915233 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Metabolomics MH - *Metabolome MH - Child MH - *Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy MH - *Growth Disorders/urine/blood/metabolism MH - Child, Preschool MH - Multivariate Analysis PMC - PMC13366460 OTO - NOTNLM OT - acetylgalactosamine OT - magnetic resonance spectroscopy OT - metabolic networks and pathways OT - metabolic profiling OT - pediatric growth disorders COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/14 14:02 MHDA- 2026/07/14 14:03 PMCR- 2026/07/14 CRDT- 2026/07/14 06:23 PHST- 2026/06/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/14 14:03 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/14 14:02 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/14 06:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - NBM70356 [pii] AID - 10.1002/nbm.70356 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - NMR Biomed. 2026 Aug;39(8):e70356. doi: 10.1002/nbm.70356. PMID- 42443053 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260813 IS - 2047-6310 (Electronic) IS - 2047-6302 (Print) IS - 2047-6302 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Differences in Fat Depots, Cardiometabolic Risk Factors, and Insulin Resistance Between Active and Passive School Commuters. PG - e70134 LID - 10.1111/ijpo.70134 [doi] LID - e70134 AB - BACKGROUND: Active commuting to and from school (ACS) is a feasible strategy to increase daily physical activity in children. Although ACS has been associated with favourable body composition and selected cardiometabolic markers, its association with specific ectopic fat depots remains unclear in paediatric populations. OBJECTIVE: To examine differences in specific fat depots and cardiometabolic risk factors between children who actively and passively commute to school. METHODS: Cross-sectional baseline data from 174 children (48.9% girls; mean age 10.8 +/- 1.4 years) participating in the EFIGRO and MICROKID projects were analysed. ACS mode was self-reported using a validated questionnaire and classified as active or passive. Visceral adipose tissue, abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue, intermuscular abdominal adipose tissue, hepatic fat, intrapancreatic fat, and lumbar spine marrow fat were assessed using magnetic resonance imaging. Cardiometabolic risk factors included blood pressure, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, glucose, insulin, and insulin resistance estimated by the homeostasis model assessment. RESULTS: No significant differences were observed between active and passive commuters for any fat depot (all p >/= 0.150) or cardiometabolic risk factors, including insulin resistance and the overall cardiometabolic risk score (all p >/= 0.220). CONCLUSIONS: Active commuting to/from school was not associated with differences in ectopic fat depots, cardiometabolic risk factors, or insulin resistance in children. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Pediatric Obesity published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of World Obesity Federation. FAU - Rodriguez-Sanchez, David AU - Rodriguez-Sanchez D AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-5498-2240 AD - Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain. FAU - Huertas-Delgado, Francisco Javier AU - Huertas-Delgado FJ AD - "La Inmaculada" Teacher Training Centre, University of Granada, Granada, Spain. FAU - Medrano, Maria AU - Medrano M AD - Department of Health Sciences, Institute for Sustainability & Food Chain Innovation (IS-FOOD), Public University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain. AD - IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain. AD - CIBER de Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Granada, Spain. FAU - Idoate, Fernando AU - Idoate F AD - Radiology Department, Mutua Navarra, Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain. FAU - Cabeza, Rafael AU - Cabeza R AD - Department of Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering, Public University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain. FAU - Cadenas-Sanchez, Cristina AU - Cadenas-Sanchez C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4513-9108 AD - Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain. AD - CIBER de Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Granada, Spain. FAU - Labayen, Idoia AU - Labayen I AD - Department of Health Sciences, Institute for Sustainability & Food Chain Innovation (IS-FOOD), Public University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain. AD - IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain. AD - CIBER de Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Granada, Spain. LA - eng GR - DEP2016-78377-R/Spanish Ministry of Industry and Competitiveness/ GR - PI13/01335/Spanish Ministry of Health "Fondos de Investigacion Sanitaria del Instituto de Salud Carlos III"/ GR - 0011-1365-2019-000085/Department of Economic Development of the Government of Navarra/ GR - European Union Structural Funds (European Regional Development Fund, FEDER, "Una manera de hacer Europa")/ GR - FPU23/02198/Spanish Ministry of Universities/ GR - European Union's Horizon 2020/ GR - 101028929/Marie Sklodowska-Curie/ GR - NNF23SA0083955/European Association for the Study of Obesity-Novo Nordisk Foundation/ GR - CB22/03/00058/CIBEROBN/ GR - Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, and the European Union/ GR - Universidad de Granada/CBUA/ PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Pediatr Obes JT - Pediatric obesity JID - 101572033 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Insulin Resistance MH - Child MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Cardiometabolic Risk Factors MH - Male MH - *Transportation MH - Schools MH - Magnetic Resonance Imaging MH - *Exercise MH - Risk Factors MH - *Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control MH - Body Composition MH - Adiposity MH - *Adipose Tissue PMC - PMC13364722 OTO - NOTNLM OT - active transport OT - cardiometabolic health OT - ectopic adiposity OT - metabolic syndrome COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/14 00:35 MHDA- 2026/07/14 12:35 PMCR- 2026/07/14 CRDT- 2026/07/13 22:02 PHST- 2026/06/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/01/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/14 12:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/14 00:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/13 22:02 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - IJPO70134 [pii] AID - 10.1111/ijpo.70134 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pediatr Obes. 2026 Jul;21(7):e70134. doi: 10.1111/ijpo.70134. PMID- 42442643 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260810 LR - 20260810 IS - 1872-7573 (Electronic) IS - 0378-8741 (Linking) VI - 372 DP - 2027 Jan 10 TI - Assessment of Xiao'er Xiexieting Keli-induced toxicity in juvenile rats. PG - 122185 LID - S0378-8741(26)01039-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jep.2026.122185 [doi] AB - ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Sufficient safety data on juvenile development is not available for Xiao'er Xiexieting Keli (XXTK), a Chinese herbal formula for pediatric diarrhea. AIM OF THE STUDY: Considering the challenges associated with clinical trials of XXTK, this study was aimed at evaluating its toxicity in juvenile rats to obtain a basis for assessing its safety and dosage in children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In acute toxicity study (Study 1), postnatal day (PND) 24 rats were orally administered 253.13 g/kg XXTK and observed over 14 days. In subacute toxicity study (Study 2), PND21 rats were administered 1.74, 8.71, or 32.66 g/kg XXTK daily for six consecutive weeks and allowed to recover for 4 weeks. Clinical signs, body weight, food intake, and timing of vaginal opening and preputial separation were recorded during the dosing period. Hematological, serum biochemical, and histopathological examinations, Irwin's test, and assessment of growth hormone levels, skeletal development, and immune-related indicators were performed mid-administration, and at culmination of dosing and recovery. Urinalysis, ophthalmological assessment, and Morris water maze test were conducted at the end of dosing and recovery periods. RESULTS: No deaths or significant findings occurred in Study 1; maximum tolerated dose was 253.13 g/kg. In Study 2, all changes were reversible, mild, and without toxicological significance. The no-observed-adverse-effect level was 32.66 g/kg/day. CONCLUSION: XXTK demonstrated a favorable toxicological safety profile in juvenile rats, supporting its potential for extended clinical use in children. Further evaluation of child development-related indicators and validation in pediatric clinical cohorts are recommended. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Liu, Junxiu AU - Liu J AD - Key Laboratory of Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang Province, Center of Safety Evaluation and Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310053, China. FAU - Zhu, Lin AU - Zhu L AD - Hangzhou Huqingyutang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, China. FAU - Lu, Xiaojing AU - Lu X AD - Hangzhou Huqingyutang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, China. FAU - Fu, Weidong AU - Fu W AD - Hangzhou Huqingyutang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, China. FAU - Rao, Tingfei AU - Rao T AD - Hangzhou Huqingyutang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, China. FAU - Zhang, Lili AU - Zhang L AD - Key Laboratory of Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang Province, Center of Safety Evaluation and Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310053, China. FAU - Wang, Jiahong AU - Wang J AD - Key Laboratory of Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang Province, Center of Safety Evaluation and Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310053, China. FAU - Chen, Lingfang AU - Chen L AD - Key Laboratory of Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang Province, Center of Safety Evaluation and Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310053, China. FAU - Tian, Ruiyu AU - Tian R AD - Key Laboratory of Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang Province, Center of Safety Evaluation and Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310053, China. FAU - Zhu, Haojie AU - Zhu H AD - Key Laboratory of Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang Province, Center of Safety Evaluation and Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310053, China. FAU - Ge, Lingyun AU - Ge L AD - Key Laboratory of Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang Province, Center of Safety Evaluation and Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310053, China. FAU - Wu, Lei AU - Wu L AD - Key Laboratory of Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang Province, Center of Safety Evaluation and Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310053, China. FAU - Lv, Wanqiang AU - Lv W AD - Key Laboratory of Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang Province, Center of Safety Evaluation and Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310053, China. FAU - Huang, Wenhai AU - Huang W AD - Key Laboratory of Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang Province, Center of Safety Evaluation and Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310053, China. Electronic address: hwh@hmc.edu.cn. FAU - Huang, Linfeng AU - Huang L AD - Hangzhou Huqingyutang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, China. Electronic address: hlf8165771@126.com. FAU - Song, Yisheng AU - Song Y AD - Key Laboratory of Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang Province, Center of Safety Evaluation and Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310053, China. Electronic address: alicesys_song@163.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260713 PL - Ireland TA - J Ethnopharmacol JT - Journal of ethnopharmacology JID - 7903310 RN - 0 (Drugs, Chinese Herbal) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - *Drugs, Chinese Herbal/toxicity/administration & dosage MH - Female MH - Male MH - Rats MH - No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level MH - Toxicity Tests, Acute MH - Rats, Sprague-Dawley MH - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug MH - Body Weight/drug effects OTO - NOTNLM OT - Acute toxicity OT - Juvenile OT - No-observed adverse effect level OT - Safety evaluation OT - Subacute toxicity OT - Xiao'er Xiexieting Keli COIS- Declaration of competing interest I have nothing to declare. EDAT- 2026/07/14 00:34 MHDA- 2026/08/11 00:35 CRDT- 2026/07/13 19:13 PHST- 2026/05/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/11 00:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/14 00:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/13 19:13 [entrez] AID - S0378-8741(26)01039-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jep.2026.122185 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Ethnopharmacol. 2027 Jan 10;372:122185. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2026.122185. Epub 2026 Jul 13. PMID- 42442333 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260824 LR - 20260824 IS - 1873-5150 (Electronic) IS - 0887-8994 (Linking) VI - 182 DP - 2026 Sep TI - The Association Between Polyphenols Intake of Pregnant Mothers and Neurodevelopment Indices in Their Children: The Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in Iran Birth Cohort-Isfahan. PG - 73-80 LID - S0887-8994(26)00188-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2026.06.015 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Polyphenol intake is important for neurological health; however, limited evidence has examined the association between maternal dietary polyphenol intake during pregnancy and children's neurodevelopment. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between maternal polyphenol consumption across pregnancy trimesters and neurodevelopmental outcomes in children. METHODS: This prospective cohort study included 945 mother-child pairs from the Isfahan Birth Cohort. Maternal dietary intake was assessed using a validated 90-item food frequency questionnaire. Polyphenol intake was estimated using the Phenol-Explorer database. Children's neurodevelopment and behavioral outcomes were evaluated using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire and the Child Behavior Checklist. RESULTS: Higher maternal polyphenol intake during the first trimester was associated with lower odds of adverse behavioral outcomes at 2 years of age. In adjusted models, the second (odds ratio [OR]: 0.370, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.197-0.693) and third tertiles (OR: 0.523, 95% CI: 0.297-0.920) of polyphenol intake were associated with reduced odds compared to the lowest tertile. Similar associations were observed for the second tertile of polyphenol intake during the first trimester (OR: 0.317, 95% CI: 0.123-0.816) and third trimester (OR: 0.380, 95% CI: 0.152-0.954). No consistent associations were observed at later follow-up ages. CONCLUSIONS: Higher maternal polyphenol intake during pregnancy, particularly in early gestation, may be associated with more favorable early neurodevelopmental and behavioral outcomes. However, these associations were not consistent across all ages, and causality cannot be inferred. Further studies using objective measures of polyphenol exposure and long-term follow-up are warranted. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Amini-Kahrizsangi, Masoud AU - Amini-Kahrizsangi M AD - Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. FAU - Nouri, Fatemeh AU - Nouri F AD - Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. FAU - Heidari-Beni, Motahar AU - Heidari-Beni M AD - Child Growth and Development Research Center, Department of Nutrition, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Electronic address: heidari.motahar@gmail.com. FAU - Rouhani, Mohammad Hossein AU - Rouhani MH AD - Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. FAU - Kelishadi, Roya AU - Kelishadi R AD - Child Growth and Development Research Center, Department of Nutrition, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260625 PL - United States TA - Pediatr Neurol JT - Pediatric neurology JID - 8508183 RN - 0 (Polyphenols) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *Polyphenols/administration & dosage MH - Iran/epidemiology MH - *Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/epidemiology MH - Neurodevelopment MH - Prospective Studies MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Child Development/physiology MH - Adult MH - Birth Cohort MH - Developmental Origins of Health and Disease OTO - NOTNLM OT - Children OT - Neurodevelopment OT - Polyphenols OT - Pregnancy COIS- Fundings This study was conducted as the project number 3403325 supported by Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. EDAT- 2026/07/14 04:10 MHDA- 2026/08/24 23:34 CRDT- 2026/07/13 18:10 PHST- 2025/08/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/24 23:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/14 04:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/13 18:10 [entrez] AID - S0887-8994(26)00188-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2026.06.015 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pediatr Neurol. 2026 Sep;182:73-80. doi: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2026.06.015. Epub 2026 Jun 25. PMID- 42442126 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260807 LR - 20260807 IS - 1724-191X (Electronic) IS - 1120-1797 (Linking) VI - 148 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Integration of site-specific deep learning models for automated OAR segmentation in craniospinal proton therapy: a geometric and dosimetric analysis. PG - 105872 LID - S1120-1797(26)00159-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ejmp.2026.105872 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: This study evaluated the feasibility of integrating RayStation deep learning auto-segmentation (DLS) models-originally trained for adult head and neck (HN), thorax-abdomen (TA), and male pelvis (MP) regions-for automated organs-at-risk (OARs) delineation in craniospinal irradiation (CSI) with intensity-modulated-proton-therapy (IMPT), focusing on geometric accuracy, dosimetric impact, and clinical efficiency. METHODS: Forty patients (aged 2-28 years) with CNS embryonal tumors were retrospectively analyzed. Their planning CT datasets were sequentially processed through the HN, TA, and MP DLS models to auto-segment 60 OARs. Thirty-one OARs were compared with expert contours using Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC) and Hausdorff Distance (HD). Spearman's rank correlation was used to examine associations between geometric metrics and patient age, BMI, and craniospinal length. Dosimetric evaluation was performed by recalculating IMPT plans on DLS-derived OARs. RESULTS: The mean auto-segmentation time was 4.9 +/- 1.0 min per patient. Across 31 OARs, mean DSC and HD were 0.73 and 2.45 mm, with 41.9 % and 93.5 % meeting good geometric criteria (DSC > 0.8, HD < 4 mm). Geometric accuracy showed significant correlations (p < 0.05) with age, BMI, and craniospinal length for up to 11 OARs. Accuracy decreased in children (<12 years), especially for the thyroid, bowel, and pelvic structures. Mean and maximum dose deviations were within 105 and 190 cGy(RBE), except for the mandible, esophagus, and anorectum. CONCLUSION: The integrated DLS framework achieved reliable geometric and dosimetric performance across most OARs with substantial efficiency gains, offering a practical solution for rapid, standardization of CSI planning workflows under expert review. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Associazione Italiana di Fisica Medica e Sanitaria. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Gayen, Sanjib AU - Gayen S AD - Department of Medical Physics, Apollo Proton Cancer Centre, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. FAU - Sharma, Dayananda Shamurailatpam AU - Sharma DS AD - Department of Medical Physics, Apollo Proton Cancer Centre, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. Electronic address: drdayananda_s@apollohospitals.com. FAU - Singh, Gaganpreet AU - Singh G AD - Department of Medical Physics, Apollo Proton Cancer Centre, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. FAU - Krishnan, Ganapathy AU - Krishnan G AD - Department of Medical Physics, Apollo Proton Cancer Centre, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. FAU - Arjunan, Manikandan AU - Arjunan M AD - Department of Medical Physics, Apollo Proton Cancer Centre, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. FAU - Mahammood, Suhail AU - Mahammood S AD - Department of Medical Physics, Apollo Proton Cancer Centre, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. FAU - S, Rangasamy AU - S R AD - Department of Medical Physics, Apollo Proton Cancer Centre, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. FAU - M, Shakthivel AU - M S AD - Department of Radiation Oncology, Apollo Proton Cancer Centre, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. FAU - Krishna, Uday AU - Krishna U AD - Department of Radiation Oncology, Apollo Proton Cancer Centre, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. FAU - Sundar, Sham AU - Sundar S AD - Department of Radiation Oncology, Apollo Proton Cancer Centre, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. FAU - Chilukuri, Srinivas AU - Chilukuri S AD - Department of Radiation Oncology, Apollo Proton Cancer Centre, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. FAU - Jalali, Rakesh AU - Jalali R AD - Department of Radiation Oncology, Apollo Proton Cancer Centre, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260713 PL - Italy TA - Phys Med JT - Physica medica : PM : an international journal devoted to the applications of physics to medicine and biology : official journal of the Italian Association of Biomedical Physics (AIFB) JID - 9302888 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Proton Therapy/adverse effects MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Craniospinal Irradiation/adverse effects MH - Adolescent MH - *Organs at Risk/radiation effects MH - Radiometry MH - *Deep Learning MH - Male MH - Adult MH - Radiotherapy Dosage MH - Young Adult MH - Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted/methods MH - Automation MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods MH - Female OTO - NOTNLM OT - Craniospinal Irradiation OT - Deep learning auto-segmentation OT - Proton beam therapy COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/07/14 04:10 MHDA- 2026/08/08 00:40 CRDT- 2026/07/13 18:04 PHST- 2025/10/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/08 00:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/14 04:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/13 18:04 [entrez] AID - S1120-1797(26)00159-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ejmp.2026.105872 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Phys Med. 2026 Aug;148:105872. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2026.105872. Epub 2026 Jul 13. PMID- 42440919 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260713 LR - 20260813 IS - 2673-4915 (Electronic) IS - 2673-4915 (Linking) VI - 7 DP - 2026 TI - Caries risk in toddlers: assessing oral health, microbial factors, and maternal transmission. PG - 1847228 LID - 10.3389/fdmed.2026.1847228 [doi] LID - 1847228 AB - OBJECTIVES: Caries risk begins early in life, yet few studies use intraoral cameras to assess risk in toddlers or examine multiple contributing factors. This study aimed to address this gap and conduct intraoral camera-based assessment of caries and evaluate multiple toddler risk factors, including microbial profiles, oral hygiene practices, and potential maternal transmission. METHODS: Cross-sectional data from 21 maternal-child dyads included intraoral camera assessments coded with an adapted International Caries Detection and Assessment System, saliva-based microbial tests for Streptococcus mutans (SM) and Lactobacillus (LB), and validated surveys of hygiene practices. RESULTS: Among toddlers (N = 21; mean age 3.9 years), intraoral camera use was well tolerated and produced images adequate for assessment. Reliability was good for sound teeth [Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.80], moderate for initial caries (ICC = 0.72), and poor for moderate-to-severe caries (ICC = 0.13). Most teeth were sound (89.0%), with 9.8% mild and 1.1% moderate decay. SM was detected in 9/20 (45.0%) and LB in 4/21 (19.0%) of toddlers. While 81% brushed twice daily, few flossed (14.3%) or used mouthwash (19%); 42.1% consumed soda at least weekly and 19% ate fast food weekly. More frequent brushing was associated with lower SM (Cramer's V = 0.54; p = .02) and LB (V = 0.48; p = .043). Mothers (N = 21; mean age 32.1) had 38.0% of teeth coded as sound, 45.0% with initial caries, and 14.0% with moderate-to-severe decay; 9/21 (42.9%) tested positive for LB and the same proportion tested positive for SM. Most brushed twice daily (81%), with 47.6% flossing and 38.1% using mouthwash. Maternal and toddler brushing frequency (V = 0.68; p = .02), fast-food intake (V = 0.56; p = .01), and microbial positivity (SM: V = 0.93; p = .001; LB: V = 0.54; p = .02) were strongly related. CONCLUSIONS: Intraoral cameras with adapted ICDAS scoring were feasible for assessing caries risk in toddlers. Significant concordance between maternal and child microbial profiles suggests a potential maternal influence on early caries risk. Larger longitudinal studies are needed to clarify transmission pathways and inform prevention strategies. CI - (c) 2026 Scudero, Manning, Mariscal, McNulty, Fidopiastis, Fardanesh, Heaney and Phelan. FAU - Scudero, Emma AU - Scudero E AD - Center for Health Research, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, United States. FAU - Manning, Nolan AU - Manning N AD - Center for Health Research, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, United States. FAU - Mariscal, Vanessa T AU - Mariscal VT AD - Center for Health Research, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, United States. FAU - McNulty, Molly AU - McNulty M AD - Center for Health Research, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, United States. FAU - Fidopiastis, Pat AU - Fidopiastis P AD - Center for Health Research, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, United States. FAU - Fardanesh, Navid AU - Fardanesh N AD - Community Health Centers of the Central Coast, San Luis Obispo, CA, United States. FAU - Heaney, Casey AU - Heaney C AD - Center for Health Research, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, United States. FAU - Phelan, Suzanne AU - Phelan S AD - Center for Health Research, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, United States. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260622 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Dent Med JT - Frontiers in dental medicine JID - 101777956 PMC - PMC13333731 OTO - NOTNLM OT - ICDAS OT - intraoral camera OT - maternal transmission OT - oral health OT - toddler COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/13 23:35 MHDA- 2026/07/13 23:36 PMCR- 2026/06/22 CRDT- 2026/07/13 12:32 PHST- 2026/04/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/13 23:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/13 23:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/13 12:32 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fdmed.2026.1847228 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Dent Med. 2026 Jun 22;7:1847228. doi: 10.3389/fdmed.2026.1847228. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42440723 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260713 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-861X (Print) IS - 2296-861X (Electronic) IS - 2296-861X (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2026 TI - Morphofunctional markers to assess disease-related pediatric malnutrition at admission and their association with length of hospital stay. PG - 1741856 LID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1741856 [doi] LID - 1741856 AB - BACKGROUND: Disease-related malnutrition (DRM) occurs due to energy imbalance caused by increased catabolism, decreased appetite, or increased energy losses. In hospitalized patients, the presence of DRM can increase morbidity, disability, and mortality, as well as delay recovery from the disease. Therefore, identifying accurate nutritional markers associated with length of stay (LOS) in pediatric patients is important. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to explore the association between morphofunctional markers used to evaluate DRM upon hospital admission and LOS in pediatric patients. METHODS: Exploratory, single-center prospective cohort study was performed in a single center study with patients evaluated within 24-48 h of a third level pediatric hospital. Upon hospital admission, nutritional risk was determinate risk nutritional status screening, anthropometric measurements were made such as weight, height, mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), calf circumference (CC); body composition with bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and handgrip strength (HGS) was carried out. DRM was diagnosed based on body mass index-for-age z-score (BMIz) < -2 standard deviations (SD). RESULTS: A total of 139 pediatric patients (mean age 12.1 +/- 3.3 years) were included; DRM was present in 15.8%. Among patients with DRM, those who concomitantly presented low phase angle (PhA), low CC, and low HGS had a significantly longer median LOS [15 (5-27) days] than those with values above the established cutoff points [(8 (5-13) days], (p = 0.029). CONCLUSION: In pediatric patients with DRM, lower levels of morphofunctional markers (PhA, HGS, and CC) at hospital admission were associated with prolonged hospital stay. These findings, derived from a Mexican pediatric population, warrant external validation in larger and more diverse cohorts. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Garcia-Guzman, Pinzon-Navarro, Baldwin-Monroy, Ortiz-Gutierrez, Guevara-Cruz, Avila-Nava and Medina-Vera. FAU - Garcia-Guzman, Alda Daniela AU - Garcia-Guzman AD AD - Servicio de Oncologia Medica, Instituto Nacional de Pediatria, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico. AD - Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico. FAU - Pinzon-Navarro, Beatriz Adriana AU - Pinzon-Navarro BA AD - Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico. AD - Servicio de Gastroenterologia y Nutricion Pediatrica, Instituto Nacional de Pediatria, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico. FAU - Baldwin-Monroy, Daffne Danae AU - Baldwin-Monroy DD AD - Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico. AD - Unidad de Terapia Intensiva, Instituto Nacional de Pediatria, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico. FAU - Ortiz-Gutierrez, Salvador AU - Ortiz-Gutierrez S AD - Departamento de Fisiologia de la Nutricion, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico. AD - Seccion de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigacion, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politecnico Nacional (IPN), Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico. FAU - Guevara-Cruz, Martha AU - Guevara-Cruz M AD - Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico. AD - Departamento de Fisiologia de la Nutricion, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico. FAU - Avila-Nava, Azalia AU - Avila-Nava A AD - Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad Peninsula de Yucatan, Servicios de Salud del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social para el Bienestar (IMSS-Bienestar), Merida, Yucatan, Mexico. FAU - Medina-Vera, Isabel AU - Medina-Vera I AD - Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico. AD - Departamento de Metodologia de la Investigacion, Instituto Nacional de Pediatria, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260622 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Nutr JT - Frontiers in nutrition JID - 101642264 PMC - PMC13333472 OTO - NOTNLM OT - body composition OT - disease-related malnutrition OT - hospital admission OT - pediatric OT - phase angle COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author MG-C declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision. EDAT- 2026/07/13 22:43 MHDA- 2026/07/13 22:44 PMCR- 2026/06/22 CRDT- 2026/07/13 12:24 PHST- 2025/11/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/13 22:44 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/13 22:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/13 12:24 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1741856 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Nutr. 2026 Jun 22;13:1741856. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1741856. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42440670 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260713 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Associations of smartphone addiction and physical activity with sleep quality and neck/shoulder symptoms in university students: a cross-sectional study. PG - 1848640 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1848640 [doi] LID - 1848640 AB - OBJECTIVE: To examine the associations of smartphone addiction, physical activity, and sedentary time with sleep quality and neck/shoulder symptoms during the previous 7 days in university students, and to assess the potential modifying role of physical activity in outcomes associated with smartphone addiction. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 585 students from a single university in Jilin Province, China. Smartphone addiction, physical activity, sedentary time, sleep quality, and neck/shoulder symptoms were assessed using validated questionnaires. Multivariable linear regression and Poisson regression with robust variance were used to examine adjusted associations and interaction terms. RESULTS: Of the participants, 43.8% were classified as having poor sleep, and 46.2% reported at least one neck/shoulder symptoms during the previous 7 days. After adjustment for covariates, higher smartphone addiction and longer sedentary time were both associated with higher PSQI scores, a higher prevalence of poor sleep, and a higher prevalence of neck/shoulder symptoms during the previous 7 days. Meeting physical activity recommendations was associated with lower PSQI scores and a lower prevalence of poor sleep, but showed no independent association with neck/shoulder symptoms. After further adjustment for PSQI, smartphone addiction, sedentary time, and PSQI score were still significantly associated with a higher prevalence of neck/shoulder symptoms. Interaction plots showed descriptively lower predicted PSQI scores and lower predicted probabilities of neck/shoulder symptoms among students who met physical activity recommendations at comparable levels of smartphone addiction; however, the formal interaction terms were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Smartphone addiction and sedentary time were consistently associated with poorer sleep quality and more frequent neck/shoulder symptoms. Physical activity was more consistently associated with sleep outcomes than with neck/shoulder symptoms. These findings support considering smartphone use, sedentary behaviour, physical activity, and sleep management together in campus health promotion research. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Yue, Cao, Zhao, Wang, Lai, Zhang and Cui. FAU - Yue, Wei AU - Yue W AD - College of Physical Education, Jilin Normal University, Siping, Jilin, China. FAU - Cao, Shen AU - Cao S AD - Football School, Hebei Institute of Communications, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China. FAU - Zhao, Jinglei AU - Zhao J AD - School of Culture, Tourism, Health and Wellness Education, Dongying Vocational College, Dongying, Shandong, China. FAU - Wang, Qin AU - Wang Q AD - School of Culture, Tourism, Health and Wellness Education, Dongying Vocational College, Dongying, Shandong, China. FAU - Lai, Weigang AU - Lai W AD - Sports Committee, Dongying Vocational College, Dongying, China. FAU - Zhang, Jinhui AU - Zhang J AD - Faculty of Education and Liberal Studies, City University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. FAU - Cui, Yuexin AU - Cui Y AD - Office of Academic Affairs, Dongying Vocational College, Dongying, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260622 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - *Students/statistics & numerical data/psychology MH - *Exercise MH - Male MH - Universities MH - *Shoulder Pain/epidemiology MH - *Sleep Quality MH - China/epidemiology MH - *Smartphone/statistics & numerical data MH - Young Adult MH - *Neck Pain/epidemiology MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Sedentary Behavior MH - Adult MH - Adolescent MH - *Internet Addiction Disorder/epidemiology PMC - PMC13333704 OTO - NOTNLM OT - neck/shoulder symptoms OT - physical activity OT - sedentary behaviour OT - sleep quality OT - smartphone addiction COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/13 23:35 MHDA- 2026/07/13 23:36 PMCR- 2026/06/22 CRDT- 2026/07/13 12:22 PHST- 2026/04/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/13 23:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/13 23:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/13 12:22 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1848640 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2026 Jun 22;14:1848640. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1848640. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42439710 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260713 LR - 20260813 IS - 2047-7163 (Electronic) IS - 0036-8504 (Print) IS - 0036-8504 (Linking) VI - 109 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Jul-Sep TI - Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound-based fetal weight estimation and prediction modeling for low birth weight: A retrospective cohort study in Northwest Ethiopia. PG - 368504261468514 LID - 10.1177/00368504261468514 [doi] LID - 00368504261468514 AB - ObjectiveTo evaluate the accuracy of ultrasound-based fetal weight estimation and to develop and internally validate a prediction model for low birth weight.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted among 269 individuals.ResultsThe accuracy of ultrasound weight estimation was 72.9%, with 27.1% of estimates falling outside +/-10% of actual birth weight. The Pearson correlation for estimated fetal weight and actual birth weight was 0.92. Using LASSO regression eight predictors were selected and entered in the multivariable analysis of which gestational age, estimated fetal weight, timing of estimation, and placental location were found significant. The original model demonstrated strong discrimination of AUC of 95.9% 95%CI (93.1-98.0%), and good calibration. Internal validation via 1000-bootstrap resampling yielded a bias-corrected AUC of 94.3%, indicating preserved predictive performance with minimal optimism. An integer-based risk score was derived to enhance clinical usability. The risk score model achieved acceptable discrimination (AUC = 76.8%, 95% CI: 70.0-83.0%) and good calibration (p = 0.301). Agreement between the full prediction model and the simplified risk score was fair (Cohen's Kappa = 0.353, p < 0.0001), indicating that the simplified score is best suited as a pragmatic bedside risk-stratification tool rather than a direct substitute for the full model. Women were stratified into low (0-10 points), medium (11-21), and high-risk (22-36) groups corresponding to increasing predicted probabilities of low birth weight (3.2%-96.3%).ConclusionUltrasound-based fetal weight estimation using the Hadlock-III formula indicated acceptable accuracy and strong correlation with actual birth weight. We developed and internally validated prediction model for low birth weight with excellent discrimination, good calibration, and predictive value beyond estimated fetal weight alone. A risk-score tool was created to facilitate rapid bedside risk stratification. However, given the single-center nature of the study and the absence of external validation, further multicenter validation is required before broader clinical implementation. FAU - Mekonin, Amsalu Worku AU - Mekonin AW AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. FAU - Debas, Sintayehu AU - Debas S AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. FAU - Fenta, Haile Mekonnen AU - Fenta HM AD - Department of Statistics, College of Natural Sciences Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. FAU - Wubie, Yihun Miskir AU - Wubie YM AD - Departments of Adult Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. RINGGOLD: 128158 FAU - Zegeye, Asres AU - Zegeye A AD - Sirinka Agricultural Research Center, Amhara Agricultural Research Institute, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. FAU - Anteneh, Zelalem Alamrew AU - Anteneh ZA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4879-675X AD - Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. RINGGOLD: 128158 LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260713 PL - England TA - Sci Prog JT - Science progress JID - 0411361 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Fetal Weight MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Ultrasonography, Prenatal/methods MH - Pregnancy MH - *Infant, Low Birth Weight MH - Ethiopia MH - Adult MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Gestational Age MH - Prediction Algorithms MH - Birth Weight PMC - PMC13457155 OTO - NOTNLM OT - accuracy OT - estimated fetal weight OT - low birth weight OT - risk prediction OT - ultrasound COIS- Declaration of conflicting interestsThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. EDAT- 2026/07/13 12:35 MHDA- 2026/07/13 12:36 PMCR- 2026/07/13 CRDT- 2026/07/13 09:43 PHST- 2026/07/13 12:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/13 12:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/13 09:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1177_00368504261468514 [pii] AID - 10.1177/00368504261468514 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Sci Prog. 2026 Jul-Sep;109(3):368504261468514. doi: 10.1177/00368504261468514. Epub 2026 Jul 13. PMID- 42438127 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260713 LR - 20260813 IS - 1746-1561 (Electronic) IS - 0022-4391 (Print) IS - 0022-4391 (Linking) VI - 96 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Enhancing Motor Competence in Rhythmic Gymnastics: Effects of the Overlapping Waves Strategy in School-Based Physical Education. PG - e70195 LID - 10.1111/josh.70195 [doi] LID - e70195 AB - BACKGROUND: Rhythmic gymnastics offers a context for motor development. This study examined the association between the Overlapping Waves Strategy and traditional instruction in fundamental club skills. METHODS: A cluster-allocated quasi-experimental design (16 sessions) was implemented among 64 fifth-grade female students. Participants received Overlapping Waves Strategy (n = 32) or conventional instruction (n = 32). Four skills were assessed by certified judges. RESULTS: Two-way mixed ANOVA revealed significant group x time interactions (all p < 0.001). The experimental group exhibited greater pre-post performance gains than the control group. Implications for School Health Policy, Practice, and Equity: The strategy provides a structured pedagogical framework for physical education, suggesting potential feasibility, though limited by the specific single-setting and demographic parameters, and policy recommendations remain premature without broader replication. CONCLUSION: Preliminary findings indicate greater short-term execution of club skills in the experimental classroom. Classroom-level confounding cannot be excluded. Replication in cluster-randomized designs with retention measures is required. CI - (c) 2026 American School Health Association. FAU - Hamza, Ghofran Basheer AU - Hamza GB AD - Department of Individual Games, College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences for Women, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq. FAU - Sherkhan, Lena Ali AU - Sherkhan LA AD - Department of Individual Games, College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences for Women, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq. FAU - Ghouili, Hatem AU - Ghouili H AD - Research Unit "Sport Sciences, Health and Movement," High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Kef, Tunisia. FAU - Yahya, Suhair Raad AU - Yahya SR AD - Department of Individual Games, College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences for Women, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq. FAU - Muntean, Raul Ioan AU - Muntean RI AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4615-6687 AD - Department of Physical Education and Sport, University "1 Decembrie 1918" of Alba Iulia, Alba Iulia, Romania. FAU - Ceylan, Halil Ibrahim AU - Ceylan HI AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-2214-4667 AD - Physical Education of Sports Teaching Department, Faculty of Kazim Karabekir Education, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkiye. FAU - Stefanica, Valentina AU - Stefanica V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4031-1412 AD - Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sciences, Physical Education and Informatics, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, Pitesti University Center, Pitesti, Romania. FAU - Al-Selmi, Abeer Dakhil Hatem AU - Al-Selmi ADH AD - Department of Individual Games, College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences for Women, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq. FAU - Mohamood, Marwa Saadi AU - Mohamood MS AD - Department of Individual Games, College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences for Women, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq. FAU - Dhahbi, Wissem AU - Dhahbi W AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6221-546X AD - Research Unit "Sport Sciences, Health and Movement," High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Kef, Tunisia. AD - Training Department, Qatar Police Academy, Police College, Doha, Qatar. FAU - Benezzeddine, Lamia AU - Benezzeddine L AD - High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Said, University of Manouba, Manouba, Tunisia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - J Sch Health JT - The Journal of school health JID - 0376370 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Gymnastics/education/physiology MH - *Physical Education and Training/methods/organization & administration MH - Female MH - *Motor Skills/physiology MH - Child MH - *School Health Services/organization & administration MH - Schools PMC - PMC13358179 OTO - NOTNLM OT - cooperative learning OT - fundamental movement skills OT - motor competence OT - motor development OT - physical literacy OT - rhythmic gymnastics OT - school-based intervention COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/13 10:09 MHDA- 2026/07/13 10:10 PMCR- 2026/07/13 CRDT- 2026/07/13 00:53 PHST- 2026/05/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/09/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/13 10:10 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/13 10:09 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/13 00:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JOSH70195 [pii] AID - 10.1111/josh.70195 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Sch Health. 2026 Aug;96(8):e70195. doi: 10.1111/josh.70195. PMID- 42437956 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261007 LR - 20261008 IS - 2072-1315 (Electronic) IS - 1606-0997 (Print) IS - 1606-0997 (Linking) VI - 45 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 12 TI - Predicting and identifying determinants of stunting among school-aged children in Ethiopia: a machine learning approach. LID - 10.1186/s41043-026-01401-y [doi] LID - 216 AB - BACKGROUND: Childhood stunting remains a major public health concern, reflecting chronic undernutrition and long-term socioeconomic disadvantage. Among school-aged children, stunting is associated with impaired physical growth, reduced cognitive development, and poorer educational outcomes. Traditional statistical approaches, such as logistic regression, have been widely used to examine factors associated with stunting; however, their ability to capture complex and nonlinear relationships is limited. Machine learning (ML) methods provide a flexible alternative for modeling such relationships. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to model and classify stunting among school-aged children in Ethiopia using school- and household-level data, and to compare the performance of machine learning algorithms with multivariable logistic regression. METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using secondary data from Round 5 (2016-2017) of the Young Lives study in Ethiopia. Stunting was defined as a binary outcome based on World Health Organization height-for-age Z-score criteria. Several machine learning algorithms, including Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, and Gradient Boosting Machine, were implemented. Model performance was evaluated using accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, F1-score, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Variable importance measures were used to identify predictors contributing to model performance. To avoid potential circularity, anthropometric variables closely related to the outcome (e.g., child weight) were excluded from the final models. RESULTS: The Random Forest model demonstrated modestly improved performance compared with logistic regression and other machine learning methods, and its performance was evaluated using accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, AUC, and F1-score. Key predictors included school type, household wealth index, literacy-related indicators, and region of residence. Notable regional variation in stunting classification was observed, suggesting the influence of broader socioeconomic and environmental conditions. CONCLUSION: Machine learning models, particularly Random Forest, showed slightly better performance than conventional logistic regression in classifying stunting among school-aged children in Ethiopia. The identified predictors highlight the multifactorial and context-dependent nature of stunting. These findings support the use of ML approaches as complementary analytical tools for understanding patterns of child undernutrition, although their application for prediction should be interpreted within the limitations of cross-sectional data. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Dugasa, Shibiru Jabessa AU - Dugasa SJ AD - Department of Statistics, Wollega University, Nekemte, Oromia, Ethiopia. shibirujabessa2021@gmail.com. FAU - Aga, Merga Abdissa AU - Aga MA AD - Department of Statistics, Salale University, Fiche, Oromia, Ethiopia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260712 PL - Bangladesh TA - J Health Popul Nutr JT - Journal of health, population, and nutrition JID - 100959228 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Ethiopia/epidemiology MH - *Growth Disorders/epidemiology/etiology/diagnosis MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Machine Learning MH - Child MH - Male MH - Female MH - Predictive Learning Models MH - Random Forest MH - Classification Algorithms MH - Boosting Machine Learning Algorithms MH - Logistic Models MH - Prediction Algorithms PMC - PMC13640390 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Classification OT - Ethiopia OT - Machine learning OT - School-aged children OT - Stunting COIS- Declarations. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/13 00:32 MHDA- 2026/10/07 06:25 PMCR- 2026/07/12 CRDT- 2026/07/12 23:40 PHST- 2026/01/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/07 06:25 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/13 00:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/12 23:40 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s41043-026-01401-y [pii] AID - 1401 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s41043-026-01401-y [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Health Popul Nutr. 2026 Jul 12;45(1):216. doi: 10.1186/s41043-026-01401-y. PMID- 42437943 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261007 LR - 20261008 IS - 2072-1315 (Electronic) IS - 1606-0997 (Print) IS - 1606-0997 (Linking) VI - 45 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 12 TI - Associations of starchy and non-starchy vegetable intake with depression, anxiety, stress, chronotype, and sleep quality among iranian women with overweight or obesity: a cross-sectional study. LID - 10.1186/s41043-026-01392-w [doi] LID - 217 AB - BACKGROUND: Starchy vegetables may influence psychological well-being, circadian alignment, and sleep quality through their glycemic characteristics and related metabolic effects. In contrast, non‑starchy vegetables, which differ substantially in nutrient density and bioactive compounds, may affect these outcomes through alternative physiological pathways. Despite these distinct nutritional profiles, evidence comparing their separate associations with mental health and sleep-related patterns is limited. This study explored these relationships among overweight and obese women. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 391 overweight and obese women aged 18-48 years were recruited using a cluster sampling strategy from community health centres. Data collection was conducted through structured face‑to‑face interviews performed by trained nutritionists. Mental health indicators (depression, anxiety, and stress) were assessed using the Persian DASS‑21, sleep quality was evaluated using the PSQI, and circadian preference was measured using the MEQ. Dietary intake was obtained through a validated 147‑item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Anthropometric measurements, blood samples, biochemical markers, physical activity, and demographic information were collected following standardized procedures. RESULTS: The study included 391 women, with a mean age of 38.08 +/- 8.61 years in the high non-starchy vegetable intake group and 35.31 +/- 9.59 years in the low non-starchy vegetable intake group, all classified as overweight or obese. Participants with higher non‑starchy vegetable intake exhibited significantly lower odds of depression (adjusted OR = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.20-0.79, P < 0.001) and stress (adjusted OR = 0.30, 95% CI = 0.14-0.85, P = 0.02). Higher non‑starchy vegetable consumption was also associated with improved sleep quality (adjusted OR = 0.38, 95% CI = 0.19-0.77, P = 0.007). Furthermore, increased starchy vegetable intake was inversely associated with the morning-type chronotype (adjusted OR = 0.27, 95% CI = 0.09-0.83, P = 0.02) after full adjustment. CONCLUSIONS: Higher non-starchy vegetable intake was associated with lower odds of depression, stress, and poor sleep quality, while greater starchy vegetable consumption was linked to a lower likelihood of morning-type chronotype. Increasing non-starchy vegetable intake may support psychological well-being and sleep health, though longitudinal studies are needed to confirm causality. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Roumi, Zahra AU - Roumi Z AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics , Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Mirzababaei, Atieh AU - Mirzababaei A AD - Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ati_babaee@yahoo.com. AD - Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ati_babaee@yahoo.com. FAU - Abaj, Faezeh AU - Abaj F AD - Department of Nutrition, Dietetics & Food, Monash University, Notting Hill, VIC, Australia. FAU - Clark, Cain C T AU - Clark CCT AD - Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, CV1 5FB, Coventry, U.K. FAU - Jadidi, Paria AU - Jadidi P AD - Department of Nutrition, SR.C, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Rasekhmagham, Reyhaneh AU - Rasekhmagham R AD - Department of Nutrition, SR.C, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Mirzaei, Khadijeh AU - Mirzaei K AD - Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. LA - eng GR - 97-03-161-41155/Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260712 PL - Bangladesh TA - J Health Popul Nutr JT - Journal of health, population, and nutrition JID - 100959228 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adult MH - Iran/epidemiology MH - Middle Aged MH - *Depression/epidemiology MH - Chronotype MH - *Obesity/psychology MH - *Sleep Quality MH - *Vegetables MH - *Stress, Psychological/epidemiology MH - *Overweight/psychology MH - *Anxiety/epidemiology MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - *Diet MH - Sleep PMC - PMC13640202 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Circadian rhythm OT - Female population OT - Mental health OT - Obesity OT - Sleep quality OT - Starchy/non-starchy vegetables COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The authors and the Ethics Committee of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (IR.TUMS.VCR.REC.1398.692) have received approval for the method and protocol of the current study. Additionally, written informed consent has been obtained from all participants. Consent for publication: All authors collaborated in editing this article, and the final version was approved for submission. Furthermore, they actively participated in writing the manuscript and giving their approval to the final draft. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/13 04:09 MHDA- 2026/10/07 06:25 PMCR- 2026/07/12 CRDT- 2026/07/12 23:39 PHST- 2025/12/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/07 06:25 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/13 04:09 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/12 23:39 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s41043-026-01392-w [pii] AID - 1392 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s41043-026-01392-w [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Health Popul Nutr. 2026 Jul 12;45(1):217. doi: 10.1186/s41043-026-01392-w. PMID- 42437539 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260926 LR - 20260926 IS - 1872-7727 (Electronic) IS - 0720-048X (Linking) VI - 204 DP - 2026 Nov TI - Assessment of treatment response in recurrent medulloblastoma using craniospinal MRI. PG - 113056 LID - S0720-048X(26)00404-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ejrad.2026.113056 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: To evaluate whether quantitative craniospinal MRI assessment of baseline tumor burden provides prognostic value in patients with recurrent, previously irradiated medulloblastoma undergoing MEMMAT (Metronomic Antiangiogenic) therapy. METHODS: We analyzed craniospinal MRI of 40 patients with recurrent, previously irradiated medulloblastoma enrolled in the MEMMAT trial (April 1, 2014, and March 31, 2021). Ependymal, leptomeningeal, and local relapse lesions were retrospectively manually segmented on T1-contrast-enhanced (T1CE) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) at baseline and follow-up (best response). Lesion count and volume were quantified. Bland-Altman analyses and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) assessed inter-sequence agreement., logistic regression evaluated associations between baseline tumor burden and progressive disease. RESULTS: Patients achieving Complete Response (n = 6/40) showed mean monthly decreases of - 12.7% in T1CE lesion count and - 12.9% in volume. Partial Response patients (n = 9/40) showed similar declines (-10.3% and - 13.0%). Stable Disease patients (n = 5/40) demonstrated minimal decreases (-0.8% and - 2.3%). Progressive Disease patients (n = 16/40) showed increases of 33.7% in lesion count and 56.2% in volume. Logistic regression indicated trends toward higher baseline tumor burden predicting PD (volume OR 1.18, p = 0.08; lesion count OR 1.05, p = 0.075). Agreement between T1CE and DWI was limited (ICC 0.35 for lesion count, 0.47 for volume), with 23% of patients misclassified using either modality alone. Survival analyses demonstrated significantly shorter overall survival in patients with baseline lesion volumes >/= 5.5 ml (log-rank p = 0.003), while a similar association for progression-free survival did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.053). CONCLUSIONS: Combined intracranial and intraspinal T1CE and intracranial DWI assessment improves response evaluation. Exploratory analyses suggested that higher baseline tumor burden may be associated with progression, although the observed associations were of borderline statistical significance and require validation in larger cohorts. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Hennenberg, Juliane AU - Hennenberg J AD - Medical University of Vienna, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Hofer, Leo AU - Hofer L AD - Medical University of Vienna, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Nemeth, Bence AU - Nemeth B AD - Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Pazmany Peter Catholic University Budapest, Budapest, Hungary; University Hospital Zurich, Department of Neuroradiology, Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Vollbrecht, Carolin AU - Vollbrecht C AD - Medical University of Vienna, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Tukora, Greta AU - Tukora G AD - Medical University of Vienna, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Mayr, Lisa AU - Mayr L AD - Medical University of Vienna, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Bolotin, Jewgeni AU - Bolotin J AD - Medical University of Vienna, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany. FAU - Zelei, Regina AU - Zelei R AD - Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Pazmany Peter Catholic University Budapest, Budapest, Hungary. FAU - Racz, Adrienn AU - Racz A AD - Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Pazmany Peter Catholic University Budapest, Budapest, Hungary. FAU - Barkhof, Frederik AU - Barkhof F AD - Medical University of Vienna, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Vienna, Austria; NMR Research Unit, Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Slavc, Irene AU - Slavc I AD - Medical University of Vienna, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Sabel, Magnus AU - Sabel M AD - Childhood Cancer Centre, Queen Silvia Childrens Hospital, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, and Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. FAU - Lassaletta, Alvaro AU - Lassaletta A AD - Pediatric Neuro-Oncology, Hospital Infantil Universitario Nino Jesus, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Sterba, Jaroslav AU - Sterba J AD - Pediatric Oncology Department, Brno University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic. FAU - Leblond, Pierre AU - Leblond P AD - Pediatric Oncology Unit, Oscar Lambret Cancer Center, Lille, France; Centre Leon Berard, Institut d'Hematologie et d'Oncologie Pediatrique, Lyon, France. FAU - Nyson, Karsten AU - Nyson K AD - Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Torsvik, Ingrid AU - Torsvik I AD - Department of Paediatric and Adolecent Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. FAU - Chi, Susan N AU - Chi SN AD - Pediatric Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States. FAU - Schmook, Maria AU - Schmook M AD - Medical University of Vienna, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Furtner, Julia AU - Furtner J AD - Medical University of Vienna, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Vienna, Austria; Research Center for Medical Image Analysis and Artificial Intelligence (MIAAI), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Danube Private University, Krems-Stein, Austria. FAU - Mayerhoefer, Marius E AU - Mayerhoefer ME AD - Medical University of Vienna, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Vienna, Austria; Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman, United States. FAU - Kasprian, Gregor AU - Kasprian G AD - Medical University of Vienna, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Azizi, Amedeo AU - Azizi A AD - Medical University of Vienna, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Gojo, Johannes AU - Gojo J AD - Medical University of Vienna, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Peyrl, Andreas AU - Peyrl A AD - Medical University of Vienna, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Haider, Lukas AU - Haider L AD - Medical University of Vienna, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Vienna, Austria; NMR Research Unit, Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: lukas.haider@meduniwien.ac.at. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260709 PL - Ireland TA - Eur J Radiol JT - European journal of radiology JID - 8106411 RN - 0 (Angiogenesis Inhibitors) RN - 0 (Contrast Media) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Medulloblastoma/diagnostic imaging/drug therapy/pathology MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/diagnostic imaging MH - Child MH - *Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods MH - Treatment Outcome MH - Adolescent MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Cerebellar Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging/drug therapy MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Tumor Burden MH - Angiogenesis Inhibitors/therapeutic use MH - Prognosis MH - Contrast Media OTO - NOTNLM OT - Medulloblastoma OT - Metronomic antiangiogenic therapy OT - Treatment response COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/07/12 18:31 MHDA- 2026/09/26 05:34 CRDT- 2026/07/12 17:59 PHST- 2026/05/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/26 05:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/12 18:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/12 17:59 [entrez] AID - S0720-048X(26)00404-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ejrad.2026.113056 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Radiol. 2026 Nov;204:113056. doi: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2026.113056. Epub 2026 Jul 9. PMID- 42437494 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260812 LR - 20260909 IS - 1552-8456 (Electronic) IS - 0193-9459 (Linking) VI - 48 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Effects of Low, Moderate, and High Intensity Exercise on Functional Impairment and ADHD Symptoms: A Randomized Pilot Study. PG - 980-987 LID - 10.1177/01939459261458869 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Exercise improves cognitive functions impaired in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); however, most research involves children or animal models. Effects on adult ADHD symptoms and optimal exercise intensity remain unclear. Moderate and high intensity cycling show benefits. PURPOSE: We evaluated the feasibility of an exercise intervention and compared 3 levels of exercise intensity in college students with ADHD symptoms. METHODS: In a randomized controlled trial, 33 participants were assigned to low, moderate, or high intensity exercise. All groups cycled for 20 minutes. The low and moderate intensity groups cycled at low or moderate intensity, respectively. The high intensity group alternated 20-second maximal effort bursts with 120 seconds of low-intensity cycling. The exercise occurred over 1 week. Outcomes were evaluated before and after the intervention. RESULTS: There was a decrease in functional impairment (F = 7.98, P = .009, partial eta(2) = 0.222) and symptom severity (F = 13.43, P = .001, partial eta(2) = 0.324). There was no difference between groups. Inattentive symptoms responded to low intensity (t = 2.62, P = .015, d = 0.874) and moderate intensity exercise (t = 2.61, P = .013, d = 0.786). Impulsive symptoms benefited from low (t = 4.06, P = .002, d = 1.35) and moderate intensity exercise (t = 1.99, P = .037, d = 0.600). Hyperactive symptoms were reduced in the moderate intensity group (t = 2.6, P = .013, d = 0.783). CONCLUSION: Feasibility was demonstrated. Moderate intensity exercise appears to be the most universally effective intensity for reducing ADHD symptoms. STUDY REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT06753253. FAU - Edmondson, Meghan E AU - Edmondson ME AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-0850-2555 AD - College of Nursing, Kent State University, OH, USA. AD - Brain Health Research Institute, Kent State University, OH, USA. AD - Healthy Communities Research Institute, Kent State University, OH, USA. FAU - Ridgel, Angela L AU - Ridgel AL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8517-8710 AD - Brain Health Research Institute, Kent State University, OH, USA. AD - Program of Exercise Science and Exercise Physiology, School of Health Sciences, Kent State University, OH, USA. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT06753253 PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20260712 PL - United States TA - West J Nurs Res JT - Western journal of nursing research JID - 7905435 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/therapy/psychology MH - Pilot Projects MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Exercise/physiology/psychology MH - *Exercise Therapy/methods/standards MH - Adult OTO - NOTNLM OT - ADHD symptoms OT - attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder OT - exercise OT - intervention OT - physical activity COIS- Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. EDAT- 2026/07/12 22:37 MHDA- 2026/08/12 06:05 CRDT- 2026/07/12 13:02 PHST- 2026/08/12 06:05 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/12 22:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/12 13:02 [entrez] AID - 10.1177/01939459261458869 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - West J Nurs Res. 2026 Sep;48(9):980-987. doi: 10.1177/01939459261458869. Epub 2026 Jul 12. PMID- 42436557 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260827 LR - 20260911 IS - 1757-2215 (Electronic) IS - 1757-2215 (Linking) VI - 19 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 11 TI - Psychological distress and quality of life in women with infertility due to polycystic ovarian syndrome versus unexplained infertility: a cross-sectional study with phenotype-based analysis. LID - 10.1186/s13048-026-02186-8 [doi] LID - 268 AB - BACKGROUND: Infertility is associated with significant psychological distress and impaired quality of life (QoL) in women. Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), a common cause of infertility, is frequently associated with metabolic and psychological symptoms. However, limited evidence directly compares psychological symptom burden and QoL between women with PCOS-related infertility and unexplained infertility, including across PCOS phenotypes. METHODS: This cross-sectional observational study included 240 women aged 18-40 years with infertility due to PCOS or unexplained causes, conducted at a tertiary care center between October 2019 and March 2021. PCOS was diagnosed using revised Rotterdam criteria, and unexplained infertility was defined after exclusion of known causes. Psychological outcomes were assessed using validated screening instruments (PHQ-9, BDI, BAI, and GAD-7), representing symptom severity rather than clinical psychiatric diagnoses. QoL was assessed using WHOQOL-BREF. Statistical analysis included group comparisons using appropriate parametric and non-parametric tests, with p < 0.05 considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Women with PCOS demonstrated significantly higher screening-based depressive symptom burden (60% vs. 14%, p < 0.001) and anxiety symptom burden (63% vs. 21%, p < 0.001) compared to women with unexplained infertility. QoL scores were significantly lower in the PCOS group (66.8% vs. 85.1%, p < 0.001), particularly in psychological and social domains. Among PCOS phenotypes, hyperandrogenic phenotypes (B and C) showed relatively higher psychological symptom burden and lower QoL scores compared to other phenotypes. The PCOS group also demonstrated higher BMI and androgen levels. CONCLUSION: Infertility associated with PCOS is linked to higher screening-based psychological symptom burden and reduced quality of life compared to unexplained infertility. Hyperandrogenic PCOS phenotypes appear to be more affected. These findings support the integration of routine psychological screening and multidisciplinary support into infertility care for women with PCOS. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Kataria, Kamna AU - Kataria K AD - Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, VMMC & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, 110029, India. FAU - Kapoor, Garima AU - Kapoor G AD - Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, VMMC & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, 110029, India. garimak79@yahoo.co.in. FAU - Saha, Rahul AU - Saha R AD - Department of Psychiatry at VMMC & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, 110029, India. FAU - Lachyan, Abhishek AU - Lachyan A AD - Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, VMMC & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, 110029, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260711 PL - England TA - J Ovarian Res JT - Journal of ovarian research JID - 101474849 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/complications/psychology MH - *Quality of Life/psychology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adult MH - *Infertility, Female/psychology/etiology MH - Phenotype MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - *Psychological Distress PMC - PMC13508219 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Anxiety OT - Depression OT - Infertility OT - PCOS phenotypes OT - Polycystic ovarian syndrome OT - Quality of life COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Institutional Ethics Committee of VMMC & Safdarjung Hospital (IEC approval no. IEC/VMMC/SJH/THESIS/2019-10/89; approved on 30 October 2019). The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki (2013 revision). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to their inclusion in the study. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/12 00:56 MHDA- 2026/08/27 05:35 PMCR- 2026/07/11 CRDT- 2026/07/11 23:38 PHST- 2026/02/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/27 05:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/12 00:56 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/11 23:38 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s13048-026-02186-8 [pii] AID - 2186 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s13048-026-02186-8 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Ovarian Res. 2026 Jul 11;19(1):268. doi: 10.1186/s13048-026-02186-8. PMID- 42436527 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261007 LR - 20261009 IS - 1824-7288 (Electronic) IS - 1720-8424 (Linking) VI - 52 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 11 TI - Occurrence of diarrhea in pediatric bronchopneumonia patients: relevance to nursing management. LID - 10.1186/s13052-026-02301-x [doi] LID - 149 AB - BACKGROUND: Diarrhea represents a frequent complication in pediatric patients with bronchopneumonia. This study was designed to identify independent risk factors for diarrheal complications and to propose evidence-informed nursing interventions. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted among 280 hospitalized children with bronchopneumonia. Demographic, anthropometric, laboratory, and treatment-related data were extracted from electronic medical records. Multicollinearity was assessed by variance inflation factor (VIF), and independent risk factors were identified through binary logistic regression with model fit evaluated by the Hosmer-Lemeshow test. RESULTS: The incidence of diarrhea was 23.57%. Eight independent risk factors were identified: antibiotic duration >/= 7 days (OR = 3.006), beta-lactamase inhibitor combination use (OR = 2.916), combined antibiotic use (OR = 2.401), mixed pulmonary infection (OR = 2.105), age < 5 years (OR = 2.048), weight-for-height/length z-score < - 2 (OR = 1.982), serum albumin < 35 g/L (OR = 1.896), and C-reactive protein >/= 20 mg/L (OR = 1.845). Probiotic administration was an independent protective factor (OR = 0.849). All VIF values were < 5, and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test indicated adequate model fit (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Diarrhea in children with bronchopneumonia is associated with multiple clinical and therapeutic variables, with beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations and prolonged antibiotic therapy conferring the highest risk. These findings provide a hypothesis-generating foundation for risk-stratified nursing strategies to reduce diarrheal complications. However, given the retrospective design and the inability to distinguish antibiotic-associated diarrhea from infectious diarrhea, the identified associations should be interpreted cautiously, and any derived clinical recommendations require prospective validation. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Tang, Yinyan AU - Tang Y AD - Department of pediatrics, Nanjing Lishui People's Hospital, No. 86 Chongwen Road, Lishui District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China. FAU - Zhang, Qian AU - Zhang Q AD - Department of pediatrics, Nanjing Lishui People's Hospital, No. 86 Chongwen Road, Lishui District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China. FAU - Yu, Tingting AU - Yu T AD - Department of pediatrics, Nanjing Lishui People's Hospital, No. 86 Chongwen Road, Lishui District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China. 564440307@qq.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260711 PL - England TA - Ital J Pediatr JT - Italian journal of pediatrics JID - 101510759 RN - 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Diarrhea/epidemiology/nursing/etiology MH - *Bronchopneumonia/complications/drug therapy/nursing MH - Female MH - Male MH - Risk Factors MH - Child, Preschool MH - Infant MH - Incidence MH - Anti-Bacterial Agents/adverse effects MH - Child PMC - PMC13644138 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bronchopneumonia OT - Children OT - Clinical OT - Diarrhea OT - Nursing OT - Treatment COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: In this study, all methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations. The study has been reviewed and approved by the ethics committee of Nanjing Lishui People's Hospital (Ethics Approval No.: 2025KY0922-02). Although written informed consent from the children's guardians was not separately obtained due to the retrospective nature of the study, the Ethics Committee has verified that: the research data are non-identifiable information generated during routine clinical diagnosis and treatment; the study results can be used to clarify the influencing factors of bronchopneumonia complicated with diarrhea in children and optimize clinical nursing protocols, ultimately providing evidence-based support for reducing the incidence of pneumonia-related complications in children and improving their prognosis. The public health value and potential benefits of the study are significantly greater than the risks, which is in line with the ethical principle of "reasonable risk-benefit ratio". Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/12 04:10 MHDA- 2026/10/07 05:31 PMCR- 2026/07/11 CRDT- 2026/07/11 23:37 PHST- 2026/04/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/07 05:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/12 04:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/11 23:37 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s13052-026-02301-x [pii] AID - 2301 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s13052-026-02301-x [doi] PST - epublish SO - Ital J Pediatr. 2026 Jul 11;52(1):149. doi: 10.1186/s13052-026-02301-x. PMID- 42436436 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261007 LR - 20261009 IS - 1472-6920 (Electronic) IS - 1472-6920 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 11 TI - Refeeding syndrome knowledge among healthcare providers in a tertiary care pediatric center: a pre- and post-effective education & awareness test analysis. LID - 10.1186/s12909-026-09812-5 [doi] LID - 1588 AB - BACKGROUND: Refeeding syndrome (RFS) is a potentially fatal condition with reported pediatric intensive care incidence rates up to 7.4%. Despite heightened vulnerability in children due to higher metabolic rates, substantial knowledge deficits persist among pediatric healthcare providers regarding RFS recognition and management, creating critical patient safety risks. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of a comprehensive multimodal educational intervention in improving refeeding syndrome knowledge among pediatric healthcare providers in a tertiary care setting. METHODS: A prospective pre-post interventional study was conducted from November 2024 to May 2025. Following baseline knowledge assessment using a validated 16-item questionnaire, participants received a 6-month structured educational intervention comprising lectures, evidence-based guidelines, multimedia resources, and reinforcement activities. Post-intervention assessment evaluated knowledge improvement across fundamental understanding and clinical management domains. RESULTS: Sixty-nine participants completed baseline assessment, with 62 completing follow-up (89.9% retention). Significant improvements occurred across all domains: comprehensive RFS definition recognition (58.5% to 83.9%, p = 0.002), metabolic disturbance understanding (60.3% to 87.3%, p = 0.0006), timing recognition (44.6% to 77.4%, p = 0.002), risk stratification (43.5% to 71.0%, p = 0.001), electrolyte monitoring protocols (39.1% to 74.2%, p < 0.001), and clinical scenario management (43.5% to 79.0%, p < 0.001). Excellent fundamental knowledge performance increased from 47.8% to 79.0%, while poor performance decreased from 18.8% to 3.2% (p < 0.001). Fellows and senior residents demonstrated greater improvement than junior residents, suggesting experience-dependent educational responsiveness. CONCLUSIONS: Structured multimodal educational interventions produce substantial, clinically meaningful improvements in pediatric RFS knowledge across all competency domains. These findings support implementing systematic RFS education programs in pediatric institutions to enhance patient safety, with particular attention to experience-appropriate content delivery for optimal educational effectiveness. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - AlKateb, Faten Ahmad AU - AlKateb FA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8672-6034 AD - Department of General Paediatrics, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. fatenmil@yahoo.com. FAU - Alanazy, Nora Khalid AU - Alanazy NK AD - Department of General Paediatrics, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Basakran, Asma Fayez AU - Basakran AF AD - Department of General Paediatrics, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Asma.baskran@gmail.com. FAU - Mehmadi, Sameer AU - Mehmadi S AD - Department of Paediatric Neurology, King Faisal Specialized Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng GR - 025-008/King Fahd Medical City/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260711 PL - England TA - BMC Med Educ JT - BMC medical education JID - 101088679 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Prospective Studies MH - *Refeeding Syndrome/therapy/diagnosis MH - Tertiary Care Centers MH - Female MH - *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MH - *Health Personnel/education MH - *Clinical Competence MH - Male MH - Pediatrics/education MH - Educational Measurement MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Child PMC - PMC13644186 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Educational intervention OT - Healthcare providers OT - Knowledge assessment OT - Patient safety OT - Pediatric care OT - Refeeding syndrome COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the institutional review board of King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Approval No. 24-410). The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. Consent for publication: all authors have given consent for publication. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/12 00:54 MHDA- 2026/10/07 05:31 PMCR- 2026/07/11 CRDT- 2026/07/11 23:35 PHST- 2025/07/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/07 05:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/12 00:54 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/11 23:35 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12909-026-09812-5 [pii] AID - 9812 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12909-026-09812-5 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Med Educ. 2026 Jul 11;26(1):1588. doi: 10.1186/s12909-026-09812-5. PMID- 42436401 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261008 LR - 20261010 IS - 1471-2342 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2342 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 11 TI - Linking vertebral trabecular structure to growth rate: clinical and developmental insights. LID - 10.1186/s12880-026-02583-x [doi] LID - 507 AB - OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness of chronological age (CA), sex, and fractal dimension (FD) values in classifying skeletal maturation stages using multinomial logistic regression analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Lateral cephalometric radiographs and hand-wrist radiographs (HWRs) of 923 individuals (409 boys and 514 girls) aged 7-18 years were analyzed. Nine regions of interest located in the C2, C3, and C4 vertebral bodies were selected for the fractal analysis. Skeletal maturation stages were determined using Fishman's skeletal maturity indicator (SMI) method and categorized into accelerating (n = 201; 141 boys and 60 girls), high (n = 334; 165 boys and 169 girls), and decreasing (n = 388; 103 boys and 285 girls) growth velocity groups. Multinomial logistic regression was used to evaluate the associations of CA, sex, and FD values with maturation group membership. Relative risk ratios (RRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the effects of CA, sex, and FD values on maturation stage classification. RESULTS: The full model was statistically significant compared with the intercept-only model and achieved an overall apparent classification accuracy of 77.8%. The age-and-sex-only model had a Nagelkerke R(2) of 0.768 and an accuracy of 77.2%, whereas the full model including FD variables had a Nagelkerke R(2) of 0.779 and an accuracy of 77.8%. These results indicate that FD measurements provided a modest additional contribution beyond CA and sex. CA and sex were the most stable predictors. Among FD variables, C2 anterior FD showed a significant overall effect, while C4 medial and C4 posterior FD showed more limited, category-specific associations. CONCLUSION: CA and sex were the primary predictors of maturation group membership. FD values from selected cervical vertebral regions may provide supplementary information, but their contribution was modest and should be interpreted cautiously until externally validated. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Cervical vertebral fractal analysis may provide supplementary information for skeletal maturation assessment when combined with chronological age and sex; however, external validation is required. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Gonca, Merve AU - Gonca M AD - Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkiye. FAU - Sert, Mehmet Fatih AU - Sert MF AD - Department of Business Administration (Quantitative Methods), Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkiye. FAU - Gunacar, Dilara Nil AU - Gunacar DN AD - Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkiye. FAU - Kose, Taha Emre AU - Kose TE AD - Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkiye. FAU - Beser Gul, Busra AU - Beser Gul B AD - Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey. busra.beser@erdogan.edu.tr. FAU - Uygun, Samet AU - Uygun S AD - Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260711 PL - England TA - BMC Med Imaging JT - BMC medical imaging JID - 100968553 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Child MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - *Age Determination by Skeleton/methods MH - Cephalometry MH - Fractals MH - *Cervical Vertebrae/growth & development/diagnostic imaging MH - Logistic Models MH - Sex Factors MH - *Cancellous Bone/diagnostic imaging/growth & development PMC - PMC13647740 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Algorithms OT - Fractals OT - Growth and development OT - Machine learning OT - Orthodontics OT - Vertebrae COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent amendments. The Institutional Review Board and Clinical Ethics Committee of Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Medicine Faculty approved this retrospective clinical study (decision date and number: 24.04.2024/78). For participants under 16 years of age, detailed information about this research was provided to their parents or legal guardians before the study, and an informed consent form was obtained. For participants aged 16 and older, informed consent was obtained directly from the individuals themselves. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/12 04:10 MHDA- 2026/10/08 05:31 PMCR- 2026/07/11 CRDT- 2026/07/11 23:34 PHST- 2026/03/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/08 05:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/12 04:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/11 23:34 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12880-026-02583-x [pii] AID - 2583 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12880-026-02583-x [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Med Imaging. 2026 Jul 11;26(1):507. doi: 10.1186/s12880-026-02583-x. PMID- 42436365 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260813 IS - 1471-2180 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2180 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 11 TI - Clinical presentation and detection of SARS-CoV-2, influenza-A/B among patients with upper respiratory tract infections in a tertiary hospital in Pune: a pilot study. LID - 10.1186/s12866-026-05307-x [doi] LID - 630 AB - BACKGROUND: Acute respiratory illness (ARI) is one of the most common illnesses globally, affecting all age groups and leading to both upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) and lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs). Viral pathogens such as influenza viruses and SARS-CoV-2 are major contributors to upper respiratory tract infections and continue to pose significant clinical and public health challenges. AIM: This study aimed to compare the clinical presentation and haematological profiles of adult patients with rRT-PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2, Influenza A, Influenza B, and virus-negative URTIs presenting to a tertiary-care hospital in Pune. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nasopharyngeal swab samples collected from 123 adult patients presenting with URTI between March and November 2023 were tested at the ICMR-National Institute of Virology (NIV), Pune, using multiplex real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) assays for detection of SARS-CoV-2, Influenza A/B, and other respiratory viral pathogens. RNA extraction was performed using a Zybio kit, and a multiplex single-tube combo rRT-PCR assay. RESULTS: The study examined 123 individuals with upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs), 12 of whom had influenza A, 8 of whom had influenza B, and 6 of whom had SARS-CoV-2. No significant differences were observed in age, anthropometric parameters, vital signs, or comorbidity distribution across groups. Significant intergroup differences were identified in cough, sputum production, vomiting/nausea, and nasal discharge/stuffiness (all p < 0.05). Haematological analysis demonstrated significant variations in total WBC count, lymphocyte, monocyte, and neutrophil percentages. Significant intergroup differences were also observed for NLR (p = 0.0013) and PLR (p = 0.0134). CONCLUSION: This pilot study identified differences in selected symptom profiles and haematological parameters and derived inflammatory indices among patients with SARS-CoV-2, Influenza A, Influenza B, and virus-negative URTIs. These findings may contribute to a better understanding of respiratory infection patterns in clinical settings; however, larger studies are required to validate their diagnostic and clinical significance. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Jali, Priyanka AU - Jali P AD - Central Research Facility, Dr D.Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, (Deemed to be University), Sant Tukaram Nagar, Pimpri, Pune, 411018, India. FAU - Potdar, Varsha AU - Potdar V AD - Scientist 'E' and Influenza Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Ambedkar Road, Pune, India. FAU - Pardeshi, Anil AU - Pardeshi A AD - Global Research Cell, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Pimpri Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth (deemed to be University), Pune, 411018, India. anil.pardeshi@dpu.edu.in. FAU - Suryawanshi, Poonam AU - Suryawanshi P AD - Central Research Facility, Dr D.Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, (Deemed to be University), Sant Tukaram Nagar, Pimpri, Pune, 411018, India. FAU - Gandhi, Madhura AU - Gandhi M AD - Central Research Facility, Dr D.Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, (Deemed to be University), Sant Tukaram Nagar, Pimpri, Pune, 411018, India. FAU - Sarawade, Shrishail AU - Sarawade S AD - Central Research Facility, Dr D.Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, (Deemed to be University), Sant Tukaram Nagar, Pimpri, Pune, 411018, India. FAU - Kanitkar, Shubhangi AU - Kanitkar S AD - Department of General Medicine, Dr D.Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, (Deemed to be University), Pimpri, Pune, India. FAU - Vikhe, Vikram AU - Vikhe V AD - Department of General Medicine, Dr D.Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, (Deemed to be University), Pimpri, Pune, India. FAU - Barthwal, Madhusudan AU - Barthwal M AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine, Dr D.Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, (Deemed to be University), Pimpri, Pune, India. FAU - Dole, Sachin AU - Dole S AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine, Dr D.Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, (Deemed to be University), Pimpri, Pune, India. FAU - Chavan, Hanumant AU - Chavan H AD - Dr D.Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, (Deemed to be University), Pimpri, Pune, India. FAU - Parag, Ratnakar AU - Parag R AD - Central Clinical Laboratory, Dr D.Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, (Deemed to be University), Pimpri, Pune, India. FAU - Bhattad, Divya AU - Bhattad D AD - ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Camp, Next to Marathi Church, Ambedkar Road, Post Box No. 11, Pune, 411001, India. FAU - Jadhav, Sheetal AU - Jadhav S AD - ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Camp, Next to Marathi Church, Ambedkar Road, Post Box No. 11, Pune, 411001, India. FAU - Vipat, Veena AU - Vipat V AD - ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Camp, Next to Marathi Church, Ambedkar Road, Post Box No. 11, Pune, 411001, India. FAU - Tripathy, Srikanth AU - Tripathy S AD - Central Research Facility, Dr D.Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, (Deemed to be University), Sant Tukaram Nagar, Pimpri, Pune, 411018, India. srikanthtripathy@gmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260711 PL - England TA - BMC Microbiol JT - BMC microbiology JID - 100966981 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Pilot Projects MH - Female MH - Tertiary Care Centers MH - Male MH - *Respiratory Tract Infections/virology/diagnosis/epidemiology MH - Middle Aged MH - Adult MH - *SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification/genetics MH - *Influenza, Human/diagnosis/virology/epidemiology MH - *Influenza B virus/isolation & purification/genetics MH - India/epidemiology MH - *Influenza A virus/isolation & purification/genetics MH - *COVID-19/diagnosis/epidemiology/virology MH - Aged MH - Young Adult MH - Nasopharynx/virology MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13374207 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Acute respiratory illness (ARI) OT - Haematological parameters OT - Influenza OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) OT - rRT-PCR COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was conducted in accordance with institutional and national ethical guidelines and in compliance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Prior to study initiation, ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Ethics Committee of ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune (IEC Approval No: NIV-IEC/Oct/2021/D-5). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants before enrolment in the study. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/12 00:54 MHDA- 2026/07/17 12:41 PMCR- 2026/07/11 CRDT- 2026/07/11 23:33 PHST- 2026/03/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/17 12:41 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/12 00:54 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/11 23:33 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12866-026-05307-x [pii] AID - 5307 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12866-026-05307-x [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Microbiol. 2026 Jul 11;26(1):630. doi: 10.1186/s12866-026-05307-x. PMID- 42434646 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260711 LR - 20260813 IS - 2168-8184 (Print) IS - 2168-8184 (Electronic) IS - 2168-8184 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Accuracy Assessment of a Wrist-Worn Oscillometric Blood Pressure Device Applied to the Upper Arm in Children. PG - e110605 LID - 10.7759/cureus.110605 [doi] LID - e110605 AB - Background Accurate blood pressure (BP) measurement in children is essential for detecting pediatric hypertension, yet validation evidence for wrist-worn oscillometric devices in this population is sparse. The nonstandard application of a wrist BP device to the upper arm, a clinically plausible scenario when cuff size is compatible with a child's arm circumference, has not been previously evaluated. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy and validation of a wrist-worn oscillometric BP device applied to the upper arm in children aged 3-8.5 years using brachial auscultatory mercury sphygmomanometry as the reference standard. Methodology This prospective, cross-sectional validation study enrolled 100 children (58 males; mean age = 4.9 +/- 1.5 years) in a tertiary care hospital. A wrist-worn oscillometric device was applied to the upper arm and compared with brachial auscultatory mercury sphygmomanometry using the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 81060-2:2018. A same-arm sequential protocol was used, yielding 300 paired comparisons. Accuracy was assessed using ISO Criteria 1 and 2, the British Hypertension Society (BHS) grading, and Bland-Altman analysis. Additionally, proportional bias regression and subgroup analyses were performed. Results The device met both ISO criteria for systolic BP (SBP; mean error = -4.62 +/- 6.02 mmHg) and diastolic BP (DBP; -2.70 +/- 5.19 mmHg). BHS grading was Grade A for DBP and Grade B for SBP. Bland-Altman 95% limits of agreement were -16.41 to +7.17 mmHg (SBP) and -12.88 to +7.48 mmHg (DBP). Significant proportional bias was observed for SBP (r = 0.370, p < 0.001) and DBP (r = 0.153, p = 0.008) with increasing underestimation at higher BP values. No sex differences were identified; a statistically significant but small age group difference was observed for DBP only. Conclusions This wrist-worn device applied to the upper arm met ISO validation requirements in 3-8.5-year-old children, and achieved BHS Grade A for DBP and Grade B for SBP. This device may be used as a screening tool in children of the tested age range, with confirmatory brachial auscultation recommended for elevated readings. The predominantly normotensive BP distribution in this cohort limits generalization of performance to hypertensive pediatric populations. Future studies should confirm our findings, recruit broader BP distributions, assess diverse anthropometrics, evaluate movement sensitivity, and explore pediatric-specific algorithms to reduce SBP proportional bias. CI - Copyright (c) 2026, Mahapatra et al. FAU - Mahapatra, Akankshya AU - Mahapatra A AD - Pediatrics, Mahatma Gandhi Mission Medical College and Hospital, Mahatma Gandhi Mission Institute of Health Sciences, Aurangabad, IND. FAU - Siddiqui, Mohd Saeed AU - Siddiqui MS AD - Pediatrics, Mahatma Gandhi Mission Medical College and Hospital, Mahatma Gandhi Mission Institute of Health Sciences, Aurangabad, IND. FAU - Haseeb, Mohammad AU - Haseeb M AD - Pediatrics, Mahatma Gandhi Mission Medical College and Hospital, Mahatma Gandhi Mission Institute of Health Sciences, Aurangabad, IND. FAU - Sangle, Avinash L AU - Sangle AL AD - Pediatrics, Mahatma Gandhi Mission Medical College and Hospital, Mahatma Gandhi Mission Institute of Health Sciences, Aurangabad, IND. FAU - Ingale, Vinod AU - Ingale V AD - Pediatrics, Mahatma Gandhi Mission Medical College and Hospital, Mahatma Gandhi Mission Institute of Health Sciences, Aurangabad, IND. FAU - Joshi, Pradnya M AU - Joshi PM AD - Pediatrics, Mahatma Gandhi Mission Medical College and Hospital, Mahatma Gandhi Mission Institute of Health Sciences, Aurangabad, IND. FAU - Supe, Prajakta AU - Supe P AD - Pediatrics, Mahatma Gandhi Mission Medical College and Hospital, Mahatma Gandhi Mission Institute of Health Sciences, Aurangabad, IND. FAU - Sachdev, Siddhant AU - Sachdev S AD - Pediatrics, Mahatma Gandhi Mission Medical College and Hospital, Mahatma Gandhi Mission Institute of Health Sciences, Aurangabad, IND. FAU - Shaikh, Rabiah AU - Shaikh R AD - Pediatrics, Mahatma Gandhi Mission Medical College and Hospital, Mahatma Gandhi Mission Institute of Health Sciences, Aurangabad, IND. FAU - Mohapatra, Abinash AU - Mohapatra A AD - Pediatrics, Mahatma Gandhi Mission Medical College and Hospital, Mahatma Gandhi Mission Institute of Health Sciences, Aurangabad, IND. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260610 PL - United States TA - Cureus JT - Cureus JID - 101596737 PMC - PMC13353792 OTO - NOTNLM OT - blood pressure (bp) OT - british hypertension society OT - children OT - iso 81060-2 OT - oscillometric OT - validation OT - wrist device COIS- Human subjects: Informed consent for treatment and open access publication was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Mahatma Gandhi Mission Ethics Committee for Research on Human Subjects issued approval MGM-ECRHS/2024/120. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work. EDAT- 2026/07/11 06:36 MHDA- 2026/07/11 06:37 PMCR- 2026/06/10 CRDT- 2026/07/11 05:19 PHST- 2026/06/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/11 06:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/11 06:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/11 05:19 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.7759/cureus.110605 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cureus. 2026 Jun 10;18(6):e110605. doi: 10.7759/cureus.110605. eCollection 2026 Jun. PMID- 42434097 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260711 LR - 20260813 IS - 2008-7802 (Print) IS - 2008-8213 (Electronic) IS - 2008-7802 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Television (TV) Food Commercials Target Children: A Content Analysis of TV Food Advertisements in Iran. PG - 40 LID - 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_274_24 [doi] LID - 40 AB - BACKGROUND: This study aimed to analyze the content of Iran's television (TV) food advertisements directed at children in 2020. METHODS: All the programs broadcast on Channel II TV were downloaded for one week; however, only children's programs were analyzed. The validated protocol was used to analyze the content of the advertisements. In addition, compliance of food advertisements with Iran's, World Health Organization Eastern Mediterranean Region (WHO EMR), and International Network for Food and Obesity/Non-communicable Diseases (NCDs) Research Monitoring and Action Support (INFORMAS) standards was assessed. RESULTS: A total of 761 TV advertisements targeted children on channel II. "Food products" were the most frequent advertisements (41.7%). "Desserts and sweets" were the most advertised food products (46%), followed by "condiments" and "dairy products" (20.5% and 11.7%, respectively). "Stimulation of appetite" and "high quality/careful preparation" were the most frequent appeals for advertisements directed at children. "Animation/Company-owned character(s)" was the most frequent advertising strategy. Most food advertisements adhered to Iran's regulations; however, according to the WHO EMR and INFORMAS, most food advertisements have not met advertising standards. Present research revealed that food products were a prominent part of other advertisements on children's TV. CONCLUSIONS: Children were predominantly exposed to foods high in fat, salt, and sugar, and the share of unhealthy food advertisements, such as desserts, sweets, fast foods, fats, and sugared drinks, was significant. Regarding the high violation rate of the advertising regulations, a more careful audit of commercials targeting children is highly recommended. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 International Journal of Preventive Medicine. FAU - Amini, Maryam AU - Amini M AD - Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Shafaatdoost, Mehrnoosh AU - Shafaatdoost M AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetic, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Ghodsi, Delaram AU - Ghodsi D AD - Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Borazjani, Mohadese AU - Borazjani M AD - Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. FAU - Aghayan, Maryam AU - Aghayan M AD - Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Shariatzadeh, Nastaran AU - Shariatzadeh N AD - Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260529 PL - Iran TA - Int J Prev Med JT - International journal of preventive medicine JID - 101535380 PMC - PMC13354310 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Advertisement OT - children OT - food OT - regulation OT - violation COIS- The authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/11 06:37 MHDA- 2026/07/11 06:38 PMCR- 2026/05/29 CRDT- 2026/07/11 05:13 PHST- 2024/09/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/01/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/11 06:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/11 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/11 05:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - IJPVM-17-40 [pii] AID - 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_274_24 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Prev Med. 2026 May 29;17:40. doi: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_274_24. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42433965 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260711 LR - 20260813 IS - 2224-4344 (Print) IS - 2224-4344 (Electronic) IS - 2224-4336 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun 30 TI - Development and external validation of machine learning models to predict insulin resistance among iron-deficient children and adolescents. PG - 231 LID - 10.21037/tp-2026-1-0146 [doi] LID - 231 AB - BACKGROUND: Insulin resistance (IR) represents a critical metabolic complication in iron-deficient children, yet existing predictive models target general or overweight pediatric populations and do not account for iron-deficiency as a distinct risk modifier. This study aimed to develop and externally validate machine learning (ML) models using routinely available clinical parameters to address this diagnostic gap. METHODS: We utilized data from 222 iron-deficient children and adolescents aged 6 to 17 years from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) for model training, and 125 cases from two hospitals for external validation. Iron-deficiency was defined using age- and sex-specific soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) thresholds, with exclusion of elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (>/=5 mg/L) or missing metabolic variables. IR was defined as Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA IR) exceeding 3.0. Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression selected nine predictors from 27 candidate variables (demographics, anthropometrics, blood pressure, hematology, glucose metabolism, lipids, hepatic and renal function). Four ML algorithms [logistic regression (LR), random forest (RF), k-nearest neighbor (KNN), and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost)] were developed and evaluated by area under the curve, sensitivity, specificity, and calibration, with five-fold repeated cross-validation for internal validation. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis quantified predictor contributions. RESULTS: XGBoost achieved optimal discriminative performance with an external validation area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.940 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.889-0.991], outperforming other algorithms. RF demonstrated the highest training AUC (0.993, 95% CI: 0.987-1.000) with near-perfect sensitivity (0.985, 95% CI: 0.920-1.000) but showed limited generalization capacity given minimal training-validation divergence. LR and KNN achieved lower validation AUC values of 0.832 (95% CI: 0.743-0.922) and 0.823 (95% CI: 0.740-0.905), respectively. XGBoost was selected as the final model based on superior specificity (0.967, 95% CI: 0.906-0.993) and tighter CIs, indicating more stable performance estimation. Fasting glucose (mean |SHAP| =0.707) and triglycerides (0.383) emerged as dominant predictors, while albumin demonstrated a protective association [odds ratio (OR) 0.86, 95% CI: 0.78-0.95]. CONCLUSIONS: This study establishes an externally validated, interpretable ML framework for predicting IR among iron-deficient youth using routine clinical data. While the XGBoost model demonstrates promising discriminative performance and geographic generalizability, the modest sample size and single-province validation limit immediate deployment readiness. Prospective multi-site validation is required before any consideration of clinical implementation as a developmental screening framework. CI - (c) AME Publishing Company. FAU - Bai, Jing AU - Bai J AD - Pediatric Department, Beijing Anzhen Nanchong Hospital of Capital Medical University & Nanchong Central Hospital, Nanchong, China. FAU - Fang, Xiao AU - Fang X AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-7358-1349 AD - National Science Library (Chengdu), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China. FAU - Ding, Xiaoyan AU - Ding X AD - Pediatric Department, Beijing Anzhen Nanchong Hospital of Capital Medical University & Nanchong Central Hospital, Nanchong, China. FAU - Huang, Xiu AU - Huang X AD - Pediatric Department, Nanchong City Jialing District People's Hospital (Jialing Branch of Nanchong Central Hospital), Nanchong, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260515 PL - China TA - Transl Pediatr JT - Translational pediatrics JID - 101649179 PMC - PMC13351654 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Machine learning (ML) OT - children OT - external validation OT - insulin resistance (IR) OT - iron-deficiency COIS- Conflicts of Interest: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form (available at https://tp.amegroups.com/article/view/10.21037/tp-2026-1-0146/coif). The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. EDAT- 2026/07/11 16:11 MHDA- 2026/07/11 16:12 PMCR- 2026/06/30 CRDT- 2026/07/11 05:11 PHST- 2026/02/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/11 16:12 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/11 16:11 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/11 05:11 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - tp-15-06-231 [pii] AID - 10.21037/tp-2026-1-0146 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Transl Pediatr. 2026 Jun 30;15(6):231. doi: 10.21037/tp-2026-1-0146. Epub 2026 May 15. PMID- 42433955 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260711 LR - 20260813 IS - 2224-4344 (Print) IS - 2224-4344 (Electronic) IS - 2224-4336 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun 30 TI - Associations of picky eating levels with dietary diversity, nutrient intake, and eating behaviors in preschool children with autism spectrum disorder: a cross-sectional study. PG - 214 LID - 10.21037/tp-2026-1-0168 [doi] LID - 214 AB - BACKGROUND: Picky eating is common among children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the specific effects of different levels of picky eating on nutritional status, dietary diversity, and eating behaviors in preschool-aged children with ASD remain unclear. This study aimed to compare these aspects between children with low versus high levels of picky eating. METHODS: A cross-sectional study design was employed, enrolling 130 children with ASD aged 3 to 6 years who met the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria [Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fourth Edition (DSM-V)]. Trained personnel measured each child's height and weight using standardized instruments. Validated dietary diversity scores and preschool eating behavior scales were used to assess dietary diversity and nutrient intake and eating behaviors. energy and macronutrient intake were quantified through three non-consecutive 24-hour dietary recalls. Children were divided into a low picky eating group and a high picky eating group based on the degree of picky eating for comparative analysis. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in height and weight indicators between the two groups, with most children falling within the normal range of growth and development. However, distinct differences were observed in nutrient intake and eating behaviors: children in the low picky eating group showed significantly higher total dietary diversity scores (P<0.05). Regarding nutrient intake, children in the low picky eating group exhibited higher intake levels of total energy, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and dietary fiber compared to those in the high picky eating group; in specific food categories, intake of starchy tubers, fruits, nuts, and legumes was also significantly higher. Regarding eating behaviors, children in the low picky eating group showed lower scores for picky eating and problematic eating behaviors, whereas exhibited heightened satiety responsiveness, with all differences reaching statistical significance (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The degree of picky eating is a key factor influencing dietary quality and eating behaviors in preschool-age children with ASD. Low levels of picky eating are associated with more comprehensive nutrient intake, richer dietary diversity, and more favorable eating behavior patterns. Early identification and intervention targeting picky eating behavior are of significant importance for improving the nutritional status of children with ASD. CI - (c) AME Publishing Company. FAU - Wang, Shasha AU - Wang S AD - Department of Pediatric Health Care, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China. FAU - Qi, Ye AU - Qi Y AD - Department of Pediatric Health Care, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China. FAU - Yao, Dan AU - Yao D AD - Department of Pediatric Health Care, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260626 PL - China TA - Transl Pediatr JT - Translational pediatrics JID - 101649179 PMC - PMC13351710 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) OT - nutritional status OT - picky eating COIS- Conflicts of Interest: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form (available at https://tp.amegroups.com/article/view/10.21037/tp-2026-1-0168/coif). The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. EDAT- 2026/07/11 16:11 MHDA- 2026/07/11 16:12 PMCR- 2026/06/30 CRDT- 2026/07/11 05:11 PHST- 2026/02/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/11 16:12 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/11 16:11 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/11 05:11 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - tp-15-06-214 [pii] AID - 10.21037/tp-2026-1-0168 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Transl Pediatr. 2026 Jun 30;15(6):214. doi: 10.21037/tp-2026-1-0168. Epub 2026 Jun 26. PMID- 42433928 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260711 LR - 20260813 IS - 2224-4344 (Print) IS - 2224-4344 (Electronic) IS - 2224-4336 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun 30 TI - Clinical phenotype, gonadal development, and comorbidity spectrum in 43 children with triple X syndrome: a single-center retrospective descriptive case series with cytogenetic refinement in patients with and without X-monosomy-containing cell lines. PG - 222 LID - 10.21037/tp-2026-0264 [doi] LID - 222 AB - BACKGROUND: Triple X syndrome (TXS) is a common yet under-diagnosed sex chromosome aneuploidy with significant phenotypic heterogeneity. Previous studies have typically described TXS as a homogeneous entity, lacking karyotype-stratified analysis. This study aimed to compare clinical phenotypes, gonadal development, and comorbidity profiles across karyotype subgroups in pediatric TXS patients. METHODS: This retrospective descriptive case series included 43 pediatric patients with TXS diagnosed at Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital between January 2019 and November 2024. Patients were classified into three groups: non-mosaic, X-monosomy mosaic (containing 45,X cell lines), and non-X-monosomy mosaic groups. Clinical data, including anthropometric measurements, sex hormones, pelvic ultrasound, bone age, and comorbidities, were collected. G-banding karyotyping was performed in all patients, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was additionally performed in selected cases. Given the small subgroup sizes, analyses were descriptive without formal between-group hypothesis testing. RESULTS: Among the 43 patients, 31 (72.1%) were non-mosaic, 9 (20.9%) were X-monosomy mosaic, and 3 (7.0%) were non-X-monosomy mosaic. Fifteen patients (34.9%) experienced spontaneous menarche at a mean age of 11.13+/-1.28 years. The X-monosomy mosaic subgroup showed Turner syndrome-like features, including delayed bone age (mean difference +1.36 years), skeletal anomalies (3/9, 33.3%), and renal anomalies (2/9, 22.2%). Neuropsychiatric disorders were the most common comorbidity overall (11/43, 25.6%), particularly in the non-mosaic group. FISH refinement identified additional low-frequency cell lines in selected patients, highlighting cytogenetic complexity beyond routine karyotyping. CONCLUSIONS: In this descriptive single-center case series, patients with X-monosomy-containing cell lines were observed to have phenotypic features overlapping both Turner syndrome (disproportionate bone age delay, renal/skeletal anomalies) and typical 47,XXX (neuropsychiatric findings). Given the small subgroup sizes and the single-center design, these subgroup-level descriptions are presented to inform future hypothesis-driven studies rather than to support formal between-group conclusions. We outline a tentative, practice-informed framework intended to support-rather than replace-individualized multidisciplinary follow-up; prospective multi-center validation is required before adoption as a clinical management algorithm. CI - (c) AME Publishing Company. FAU - Feng, Ya-Qin AU - Feng YQ AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-4489-3514 AD - Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Genetics, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang, China. AD - Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Genetics, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China. FAU - Li, Wen-Ting AU - Li WT AD - Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Genetics, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China. AD - Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang, China. FAU - Zou, Hai-Ying AU - Zou HY AD - Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Genetics, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang, China. AD - Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Genetics, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China. FAU - Xu, Qing-Bo AU - Xu QB AD - Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Genetics, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang, China. AD - Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Genetics, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China. FAU - Yang, Li AU - Yang L AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-5209-4766 AD - Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Genetics, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang, China. AD - Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Genetics, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260520 PL - China TA - Transl Pediatr JT - Translational pediatrics JID - 101649179 PMC - PMC13351657 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Triple X syndrome (TXS) OT - clinical phenotype OT - comorbidity OT - gonadal development OT - karyotype stratification COIS- Conflicts of Interest: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form (available at https://tp.amegroups.com/article/view/10.21037/tp-2026-0264/coif). The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. EDAT- 2026/07/11 06:36 MHDA- 2026/07/11 06:37 PMCR- 2026/06/30 CRDT- 2026/07/11 05:11 PHST- 2026/03/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/11 06:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/11 06:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/11 05:11 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - tp-15-06-222 [pii] AID - 10.21037/tp-2026-0264 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Transl Pediatr. 2026 Jun 30;15(6):222. doi: 10.21037/tp-2026-0264. Epub 2026 May 20. PMID- 42433404 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260711 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Development and validation of a scale of healthy psychological effects of physical exercise among Chinese college students from a multidimensional mental health perspective. PG - 1866486 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1866486 [doi] LID - 1866486 AB - BACKGROUND: Physical exercise promotes mental health among college students, but existing studies often assess general mental health or limited psychological indicators, making it difficult to capture comprehensive healthy psychological effects after exercise. This study aimed to develop and validate the Healthy Psychological Effects of Physical Exercise Scale for College Students. METHODS: An initial scale was developed through theoretical analysis, literature review, semi-structured interviews, and open-ended questionnaires. In an initial sample of 612 college students, item analysis and exploratory factor analysis with varimax rotation were conducted to screen items and identify factor structures. A formal sample of 945 participants was used to examine reliability and validity through Cronbach's alpha, composite reliability (CR), average variance extracted (AVE), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and criterion-related validity testing. Test-retest reliability was assessed in 597 participants after 1 month. RESULTS: The final scale contained 55 items across five subscales: emotional feelings, self-cognition, frustration coping, self-control and social adaptation efficacy, and interpersonal interaction, comprising 15 subdimensions. Exploratory factor analyses supported clear three-factor structures for each subscale, with cumulative variance explained ranging from 62.546 to 73.711%. CFA indicated good fit for the five subscales (chi(2) /df = 2.978-4.391; RMSEA = 0.046-0.060; SRMR = 0.016-0.021; CFI = 0.978-0.988; TLI = 0.971-0.984), and acceptable fit for the overall model (chi(2) /df = 3.037; RMSEA = 0.046; SRMR = 0.041; CFI = 0.925; TLI = 0.921). Cronbach's alpha and CR for the 15 subdimensions ranged from 0.873 to 0.931, and AVE ranged from 0.680 to 0.736. Cronbach's alpha for the five subscale total scores ranged from 0.861 to 0.894. Test-retest reliability ranged from 0.706 to 0.781 for subdimensions and from 0.686 to 0.771 for subscale total scores. Criterion-related validity was supported by significant positive correlations with positive psychological indicators (r = 0.229-0.383) and negative correlations with negative psychological indicators (r = -0.398 to -0.224; all p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The scale demonstrates sound reliability and validity and can be used to assess exercise-related healthy psychological effects among college students. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Liu, Zhu, He, Zhu and Guo. FAU - Liu, Feiyang AU - Liu F AD - School of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Zhu, Zhengguang AU - Zhu Z AD - Research Center of Mental Health Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China. FAU - He, Rongqiao AU - He R AD - School of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Zhu, Yu AU - Zhu Y AD - School of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Guo, Liya AU - Guo L AD - School of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260626 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Students/psychology/statistics & numerical data MH - Female MH - Universities MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - Young Adult MH - Male MH - Surveys and Questionnaires/standards MH - *Mental Health MH - China MH - Psychometrics MH - Adolescent MH - Factor Analysis, Statistical MH - Adult MH - Adaptation, Psychological PMC - PMC13352479 OTO - NOTNLM OT - college students OT - healthy psychological effects OT - mental health OT - physical exercise OT - scale development COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/11 06:35 MHDA- 2026/07/12 00:55 PMCR- 2026/06/26 CRDT- 2026/07/11 05:06 PHST- 2026/04/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/12 00:55 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/11 06:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/11 05:06 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1866486 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2026 Jun 26;14:1866486. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1866486. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42433286 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260711 LR - 20260813 IS - 2624-9367 (Electronic) IS - 2624-9367 (Linking) VI - 8 DP - 2026 TI - Sports and physical activity interventions in autism spectrum disorder: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis. PG - 1793290 LID - 10.3389/fspor.2026.1793290 [doi] LID - 1793290 AB - BACKGROUND: Physical activity (PA) interventions have been explored as a means of improving motor, social, executive, behavioural, and psychosocial outcomes in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, variability in study designs and methodological quality raises questions about the consistency and reliability of reported effects. METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted, including studies published between 2019 and 2025. Eighteen studies met the inclusion criteria for qualitative synthesis, and twelve were included in the meta-analysis using a random-effects model. Effect sizes were calculated and pooled across outcome domains. Risk of bias was assessed, and additional analyses were conducted to examine heterogeneity and potential publication bias. RESULTS: PA interventions were associated with improvements across multiple domains. The pooled effect size was large (d approximately 1.28), but substantial heterogeneity across study designs, intervention types, and sample characteristics was observed. Subgroup analyses indicated variation in effects across intervention types and participant groups, though findings were not consistently stable. Risk-of-bias assessments identified several methodological limitations, and publication bias analyses suggested possible asymmetry. These factors indicate that the magnitude of the pooled effect size may be overestimated. CONCLUSION: PA interventions show promise for supporting multidomain development in children and adolescents with ASD. However, the certainty of evidence ranges from low to moderate, and findings should be interpreted cautiously. Future research should prioritise rigorous study designs, larger samples, and consistent reporting of intervention fidelity and long-term outcomes to strengthen the evidence base. CI - (c) 2026 Jacob, Nurhayati and Maguvhe. FAU - Jacob, Udeme Samuel AU - Jacob US AD - Department of Inclusive Education, School of Educational Studies, College of Education, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa. FAU - Nurhayati, Sri AU - Nurhayati S AD - Department of Community Education, Postgraduate Program, Institut Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Siliwangi, Cimahi, Indonesia. FAU - Maguvhe, Mbulaheni Obert AU - Maguvhe MO AD - Department of Inclusive Education, School of Educational Studies, College of Education, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260626 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Sports Act Living JT - Frontiers in sports and active living JID - 101765780 PMC - PMC13350350 OTO - NOTNLM OT - autism spectrum disorder OT - children and adolescents OT - executive function OT - intervention OT - meta-analysis OT - motor skills OT - physical activity OT - social communication COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/11 06:35 MHDA- 2026/07/11 06:36 PMCR- 2026/06/26 CRDT- 2026/07/11 05:04 PHST- 2026/01/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/11 06:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/11 06:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/11 05:04 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fspor.2026.1793290 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Sports Act Living. 2026 Jun 26;8:1793290. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2026.1793290. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42432606 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260909 LR - 20260911 IS - 1472-6823 (Electronic) IS - 1472-6823 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 10 TI - Predictive models of adverse outcomes of overweight or obesity: a nationwide cohort validation. LID - 10.1186/s12902-026-02399-4 [doi] LID - 265 AB - BACKGROUND: Obesity and overweight have a wide range of adverse clinical outcomes. Predictive models could help clinicians identify individuals with obesity and overweight at greater risk for obesity-related complications, enabling personalized shared decision-making about obesity treatment. We previously developed a set of predictive models of adverse clinical outcomes of obesity and overweight using electronic health record (EHR) data of a large health system in Massachusetts. However, these models have not been validated on data from other sources. METHODS: We validated 12 predictive models for cardiometabolic, oncologic and musculoskeletal complications of excess weight using a linked EHR and claims dataset of a national patient cohort (Optum((R)) Market Clarity) that included adults 18-80 years of age with body mass index (BMI) >/= 25 kg/m(2) between 2007 and 2023. RESULTS: A 5% randomly selected validation dataset included 437,223 patients (51.9% women) with a mean age of 51.4 years and a mean BMI of 31.9 kg/m(2) who were followed for a mean of 5.7 years. Most (11/12) models achieved Harrell C-index >/= 0.70. Most (11/12) models had either 5-year or 10-year calibration slope within 0.3 of the ideal value of 1.0; 7 out of 12 had either 5-year or 10-year calibration slope that was not significantly different from 1.0; all had intercepts very close to 0. CONCLUSIONS: A set of EHR-based predictive models of adverse outcomes of obesity and overweight was generalizable to a large national cohort. These findings suggest potential clinical and population health applications for predictive models in treatment of individual patients with obesity / overweight, as well as in population management and quality improvement. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Turchin, Alexander AU - Turchin A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8609-564X AD - Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. aturchin@bwh.harvard.edu. AD - Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. aturchin@bwh.harvard.edu. FAU - Shubina, Maria AU - Shubina M AD - Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Morrison, Fritha J AU - Morrison FJ AD - Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Ahmad, Nadia N AU - Ahmad NN AD - Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA. FAU - Neff, Lisa M AU - Neff LM AD - Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA. FAU - Kan, Hong AU - Kan H AD - Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260710 PL - England TA - BMC Endocr Disord JT - BMC endocrine disorders JID - 101088676 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Obesity/complications/epidemiology MH - Middle Aged MH - *Overweight/complications/epidemiology MH - Male MH - Aged MH - Adult MH - Body Mass Index MH - Prognosis MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Electronic Health Records/statistics & numerical data MH - Prediction Algorithms MH - Cohort Studies MH - Follow-Up Studies PMC - PMC13556077 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Long-term outcomes OT - Obesity OT - Overweight OT - Predictive modeling OT - Validation COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study followed the principles outlined in the Helsinki Declaration. The study was approved by the Mass General Brigham institutional review board (protocol # 2021P003735), and the requirement for informed consent was waived. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: Turchin reports consulting for Novo Nordisk and Proteomics International; research and travel support from Eli Lilly and Company; and research support from Novo Nordisk. Ahmad, Neff and Kan are employees and stockholders of Eli Lilly and Company. None of the other authors report any conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/11 05:37 MHDA- 2026/09/09 07:07 PMCR- 2026/07/10 CRDT- 2026/07/10 23:47 PHST- 2025/05/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/09 07:07 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/11 05:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/10 23:47 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12902-026-02399-4 [pii] AID - 2399 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12902-026-02399-4 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Endocr Disord. 2026 Jul 10;26(1):265. doi: 10.1186/s12902-026-02399-4. PMID- 42432544 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261007 LR - 20261009 IS - 1471-2431 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2431 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 11 TI - Birth-size reference charts for normal nursery newborns between 35.0 and 41.6 weeks. LID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07275-7 [doi] LID - 960 AB - BACKGROUND: Current birth-size reference charts for nursery use may inaccurately categorize newborn size, impacting care. We aimed to develop new charts using data from uncomplicated newborns admitted to US nurseries. METHODS: We analyzed de-identified data from newborns admitted to US normal newborn nurseries between 2021 and 2024. Statistical outliers were excluded, and gestational age was recorded in days. Birth weight, length, head circumference, and BMI models were developed by a randomly selected subset and validated by the remaining data. Proportions of newborns below the 10th percentile and above the 90th percentile were compared with the 2010 Olsen and 2013 Fenton charts. RESULTS: Uncomplicated newborns born between 35.0 and 41.6 weeks of gestation were included. The new charts did not exhibit overfitting bias and more accurately identified the expected 10% of newborns below the 10th and above the 90th percentiles compared to existing charts. CONCLUSIONS: New charts (weight, length, head circumference, BMI) improve birth-size referencing in normal newborn nurseries. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Chou, Fu-Sheng AU - Chou FS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5770-0580 AD - Southern California Permanente Medical Group, Pasadena, CA, USA. Fu-Sheng.X.Chou@kp.org. AD - Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA. Fu-Sheng.X.Chou@kp.org. AD - Department of Clinical Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Pasadena, CA, USA. Fu-Sheng.X.Chou@kp.org. AD - Department of Neonatology, Kaiser Permanente Riverside Medical Center, 10800 Magnolia Ave., Riverside, CA, 92505, USA. Fu-Sheng.X.Chou@kp.org. FAU - Yeh, Hung-Wen AU - Yeh HW AD - Division of Health Services and Outcomes Research, Children's Mercy Research Institute, Kansas City, MO, USA. AD - Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA. FAU - Hsueh, Crystal AU - Hsueh C AD - Psychobiology Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. FAU - Olsen, Irene E AU - Olsen IE AD - Department of Nutrition Sciences, College of Nursing and Health Professions, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Tolia, Veeral N AU - Tolia VN AD - Center for Research, Education, Quality and Safety, Pediatrix Inc., Sunrise, FL, USA. FAU - Clark, Reese H AU - Clark RH AD - Department of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260711 PL - England TA - BMC Pediatr JT - BMC pediatrics JID - 100967804 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Infant, Newborn MH - *Growth Charts MH - Reference Values MH - *Birth Weight MH - Gestational Age MH - Female MH - Male MH - Body Mass Index MH - Body Height MH - Cephalometry MH - Nurseries, Hospital PMC - PMC13644040 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Anthropometric measures OT - Growth charts OT - Newborn COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This data-only study with a deidentified dataset was deemed non-human research by the Institutional Review Board of Southern California Kaiser Permanente. As such, informed consent to participate was not required, including from the parents or legal guardians of any participant under the age of 16. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/11 05:37 MHDA- 2026/10/07 05:31 PMCR- 2026/07/11 CRDT- 2026/07/10 23:45 PHST- 2025/10/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/07 05:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/11 05:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/10 23:45 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07275-7 [pii] AID - 7275 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07275-7 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pediatr. 2026 Jul 11;26(1):960. doi: 10.1186/s12887-026-07275-7. PMID- 42431850 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260710 IS - 1469-7610 (Electronic) IS - 0021-9630 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jul 10 TI - The longitudinal relationship among physical activity, social competence, and psychosomatic comorbidity patterns in adolescents: a cross-lagged panel analysis. LID - 10.1111/jcpp.70193 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Adolescents frequently experience psychosomatic comorbidities, yet longitudinal, bidirectional relationships among physical activity (PA), social competence (SC), and psychosomatic comorbidity (PC: mental health and sleep duration) remain underexplored in large non-Western samples. This study examined how PA and SC mutually influence PC over time and tested whether SC mediates the PA-PC link in Chinese high school students. METHODS: Data came from the National Adolescent Health Survey (China) collected from 2020 to 2023, matching participants by name at one-year intervals. The analytic sample (n = 9,680; 51.2% female, mean age = 15.89 +/- 1.06 years) completed validated measures. We tested measurement invariance, then estimated a two-wave cross-lagged panel model controlling for age, gender, residence, and only-child status. SC mediation was assessed via the product of cross-lagged paths with 1,000-sample bootstrap. Multiple-group SEM examined gender invariance. RESULTS: All measurement models achieved scalar invariance. Cross-lagged paths indicated PA(1) --> SC(2) (beta = 0.041, p < .001), PA(1) --> SD(2) (beta = 0.018, p < .05), and PA(1) --> MH(2) (beta = -0.023, p < .05). SC(1) --> MH(2) (beta = -0.034, p < .01). MH(1) --> PA(2) (beta = -0.038, p < .001), and SD(1) --> PA(2) (beta = 0.014, p < .05). Indirect effect PA(1) --> SC(2) --> PC(2) was significant (standardized = -0.001; 95% CI [-0.003, -0.001]). Gender group comparison showed no significant differences (Deltachi(2) (5) = 8.10, p = .16). CONCLUSIONS: PA and PC exert reciprocal influences in adolescents, with higher PA predicting improved SC, better SD, and reduced MH, while psychosomatic distress undermines subsequent PA and SC. SC partially mediates PA's protective effects on comorbidity, with equivalent patterns across genders. Interventions combining PA and social-skills training may disrupt the vicious cycle of adolescent PC. CI - (c) 2026 Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health. FAU - Guo, Xinmeng AU - Guo X AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0432-6118 AD - School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China. FAU - Yi, Nuo AU - Yi N AD - Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Christus Health, Canton, TX, USA. FAU - Lai, Xinxin AU - Lai X AD - School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China. FAU - Yi, Xiangren AU - Yi X AD - School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China. FAU - Dong, Xiaosheng AU - Dong X AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0507-2938 AD - School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China. AD - Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China. AD - NHC Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research (Shandong University), Jinan, China. AD - Center for Health Management and Policy Research, Shandong University (Shandong Provincial Key New Think Tank), Jinan, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260710 PL - England TA - J Child Psychol Psychiatry JT - Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines JID - 0375361 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Physical activity OT - adolescents OT - cross-lagged model OT - psychosomatic comorbidity OT - social competence EDAT- 2026/07/11 05:39 MHDA- 2026/07/11 05:39 CRDT- 2026/07/10 23:03 PHST- 2026/06/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/11 05:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/11 05:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/10 23:03 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/jcpp.70193 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2026 Jul 10. doi: 10.1111/jcpp.70193. PMID- 42431813 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260921 LR - 20260921 IS - 2352-7226 (Electronic) IS - 2352-7218 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Sleep problems and underweight among adolescent girls and adult women aged 12-49 years: A cross-sectional, web-based survey in Japan. PG - 778-785 LID - S2352-7218(26)00127-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.sleh.2026.06.005 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: Underweight is a common health concern among individuals of reproductive age. Although sleep and metabolic regulation share neuroendocrine pathways, the relationship between underweight and sleep problems remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the associations between underweight and questionnaire-based sleep-related outcomes among adolescent girls and adult women. METHODS: These cross-sectional, web-based surveys were conducted from November to December 2023 among adolescent girls (aged 12-18 years) and adult women aged 18 to 49 years. Valid responses were obtained from 996 adolescent girls and 4689 adult women. Logistic regression analyses were conducted within age-defined subgroups to examine associations between weight categories and sleep-related outcomes, including a sleep debt-related pattern with daytime sleepiness and self-reported insomnia symptoms, adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. RESULTS: Among respondents, 14.7% of adolescent girls and 23.5% of adult women were underweight. Underweight was not associated with either of the sleep-related outcomes among adolescent girls. In adult women, underweight was associated with self-reported insomnia symptoms in women in their 20s, with no associations observed in other age groups. An interaction between age and underweight was observed, suggesting that this association weakened with increasing age. CONCLUSIONS: Underweight was associated with self-reported insomnia symptoms, but not with a sleep debt-related pattern with daytime sleepiness, among adult women in their 20s. These findings suggest that sleep assessment may be considered as part of comprehensive strategies addressing underweight, although further studies using validated sleep measures are needed. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Kayaba, Momoko AU - Kayaba M AD - International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. Electronic address: momoko.kayaba@gmail.com. FAU - Ogata, Hitomi AU - Ogata H AD - Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan. FAU - Yumen, Yukina AU - Yumen Y AD - Graduate school of Human Science and Environment, University of Hyogo, Himeji, Hyogo, Japan. FAU - Takayama, Yumi AU - Takayama Y AD - Graduate school of Human Science and Environment, University of Hyogo, Himeji, Hyogo, Japan. FAU - Kiyono, Ken AU - Kiyono K AD - Graduate School of Engineering Science, The University of Osaka, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan. FAU - Nose-Ogura, Sayaka AU - Nose-Ogura S AD - Department of Sport Medicine and Research, Japan Institute Sports Sciences, Japan High-Performance Sport Center, kita-ku, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Nagai, Narumi AU - Nagai N AD - Graduate school of Human Science and Environment, University of Hyogo, Himeji, Hyogo, Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260711 PL - United States TA - Sleep Health JT - Sleep health JID - 101656808 SB - IM MH - *Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders MH - *Thinness/epidemiology MH - Japan/epidemiology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - Adult OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent girls OT - Adult women OT - Reproductive age OT - Sleep OT - Underweight COIS- Declaration of conflicts of interest The authors have declared no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/11 05:37 MHDA- 2026/09/17 23:34 CRDT- 2026/07/10 21:53 PHST- 2025/11/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/17 23:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/11 05:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/10 21:53 [entrez] AID - S2352-7218(26)00127-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.sleh.2026.06.005 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Sleep Health. 2026 Oct;12(5):778-785. doi: 10.1016/j.sleh.2026.06.005. Epub 2026 Jul 11. PMID- 42431596 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260901 LR - 20260901 IS - 1938-3207 (Electronic) IS - 0002-9165 (Linking) VI - 124 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Maternal Intake of Vitamins A, C, D, and E During Pregnancy and Risk of Type 1 Diabetes in the Child: The Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study. PG - 101431 LID - S0002-9165(26)00240-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2026.101431 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Dietary vitamins play a role in antioxidant defense and immunoregulation. However, prospective studies exploring the association between vitamin intakes during pregnancy and the child's risk of type 1 diabetes are limited. OBJECTIVES: This population-based prospective cohort study aimed to investigate the association between maternal intake of vitamins A, C, D, and E during pregnancy and risk of type 1 diabetes in children. METHODS: We included 85,244 children born between 2002 and 2009 in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study, with follow-up until 31 December, 2021. Maternal intake of vitamins from food and dietary supplements from conception to the 22nd week of pregnancy was assessed with a validated food frequency questionnaire. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs), adjusting for background factors. RESULTS: During follow-up, 529 (0.6%) children were diagnosed with type 1 diabetes at a mean age of 9.4 y (standard deviation: 4.1 y) No associations were observed between maternal pregnancy intake of vitamin A [HR: 0.993; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.983, 1.003/100 mug], vitamin C (HR: 1.000; 95% CI: 0.993, 1.007/10 mg), vitamin D (HR: 0.991; 95% CI: 0.978, 1.003/1 mug), or vitamin E (HR: 0.999; 95% CI: 0.996, 1.004/10 mg) and risk of type 1 diabetes in the child when adjusted for potential confounders. The results were similar when intakes were assessed separately from food and dietary supplements and after restriction to children with human leukocyte antigen DQ2 and/or DQ8 risk haplotypes. CONCLUSIONS: This prospective cohort study does not support the hypothesis that higher maternal intake of vitamins A, C, D, and E during pregnancy would decrease risk of type 1 diabetes in the child. Corroborated with previous evidence, our findings support a general pattern of null associations. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Mattila, Markus AU - Mattila M AD - Faculty of Social Sciences, Unit of Health Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Wellbeing Services County of Pirkanmaa, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland; Department of Public Health, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland; Centre for Child, Adolescent and Maternal Health Research (TamCM), Tampere University, Tampere, Finland. Electronic address: markus.mattila@tuni.fi. FAU - Tapia, German AU - Tapia G AD - Department of Chronic Diseases, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Stordal, Ketil AU - Stordal K AD - Department of Pediatric Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Brantsaeter, Anne-Lise AU - Brantsaeter AL AD - Department of Food Safety, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway; Centre for Sustainable Diets, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Virtanen, Suvi M AU - Virtanen SM AD - Faculty of Social Sciences, Unit of Health Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Wellbeing Services County of Pirkanmaa, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland; Centre for Child, Adolescent and Maternal Health Research (TamCM), Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Department of Pediatrics, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland. FAU - Lund-Blix, Nicolai A AU - Lund-Blix NA AD - The Norwegian Childhood Diabetes Registry, Division of Childhood and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Skrivarhaug, Torild AU - Skrivarhaug T AD - Department of Food Safety, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway; Centre for Sustainable Diets, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway; The Norwegian Childhood Diabetes Registry, Division of Childhood and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Oslo Diabetes Research Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Hard Af Segerstad, Elin M AU - Hard Af Segerstad EM AD - Pediatric Research Institute, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Unit of Celiac Disease and Diabetes, Clinical Sciences Malmo, Lund University, Malmo, Sweden. FAU - Stene, Lars C AU - Stene LC AD - Department of Chronic Diseases, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway; Oslo Diabetes Research Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. CN - HEDIMED Investigator Group LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260710 PL - United States TA - Am J Clin Nutr JT - The American journal of clinical nutrition JID - 0376027 RN - 0 (Vitamins) RN - 11103-57-4 (Vitamin A) RN - 1406-16-2 (Vitamin D) RN - 1406-18-4 (Vitamin E) RN - PQ6CK8PD0R (Ascorbic Acid) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/epidemiology/prevention & control MH - Pregnancy MH - Norway/epidemiology MH - Prospective Studies MH - Child MH - Dietary Supplements MH - Male MH - *Vitamins/administration & dosage MH - Vitamin A/administration & dosage MH - Vitamin D/administration & dosage MH - Vitamin E/administration & dosage MH - *Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena MH - Adult MH - Ascorbic Acid/administration & dosage MH - Cohort Studies MH - Risk Factors OTO - NOTNLM OT - MoBa OT - diabetes mellitus OT - diet OT - dietary supplements OT - observational study OT - pregnancy OT - type 1 OT - vitamins COIS- Conflict of interest The authors report no conflicts of interest. FIR - Kristi, Hoffman IR - Kristi H IRAD- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology. FIR - Sara, Javornik Cregeen IR - Sara JC IRAD- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology. FIR - Joseph, Petrosino IR - Joseph P IRAD- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology. FIR - Tasha, Santiago Rodriguez IR - Tasha SR IRAD- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology. FIR - Ondrej, Cinek IR - Ondrej C IRAD- Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine. FIR - Eva, Fronkova IR - Eva F IRAD- Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine. FIR - Hans, Bisgaard IR - Hans B IRAD- COPSAC. FIR - Klaus, Bonnelykke IR - Klaus B IRAD- COPSAC. FIR - Sarah, Brandt IR - Sarah B IRAD- COPSAC. FIR - Astrid, Sevelsted IR - Astrid S IRAD- COPSAC. FIR - Shiraz, Shah IR - Shiraz S IRAD- COPSAC. FIR - Jakob, Stokholm IR - Jakob S IRAD- COPSAC. FIR - Jonathan, Thorsen IR - Jonathan T IRAD- COPSAC. FIR - Jaroslav, Havlik IR - Jaroslav H IRAD- Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Department of Food Science. FIR - Eliska, Jenickova IR - Eliska J IRAD- Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Department of Food Science. FIR - Daniel, Schmidtmann IR - Daniel S IRAD- Empirica. FIR - Rainer, Thiel IR - Rainer T IRAD- Empirica. FIR - Leena, Hakola IR - Leena H IRAD- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, The Department of Health Security and The Department of Public Health and Welfare. FIR - Hannu, Kiviranta IR - Hannu K IRAD- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, The Department of Health Security and The Department of Public Health and Welfare. FIR - Panu, Rantakokko IR - Panu R IRAD- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, The Department of Health Security and The Department of Public Health and Welfare. FIR - Suvi M, Virtanen IR - Suvi M V IRAD- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, The Department of Health Security and The Department of Public Health and Welfare. FIR - Alexander, Berler IR - Alexander B IRAD- Gnomon. FIR - Apostolia, Karabatea IR - Apostolia K IRAD- Gnomon. FIR - Korina, Papadopoulou IR - Korina P IRAD- Gnomon. FIR - Gabriele, Berg IR - Gabriele B IRAD- Graz University of Technology, Institute of Environmental Biotechnology. FIR - Wisnu, Wicaksono IR - Wisnu W IRAD- Graz University of Technology, Institute of Environmental Biotechnology. FIR - Daniel, Agardh IR - Daniel A IRAD- Lund University, Department of Clinical Sciences. FIR - Andren, Aronsson Carin IR - Andren AC IRAD- Lund University, Department of Clinical Sciences. FIR - Markus, Lundgren IR - Markus L IRAD- Lund University, Department of Clinical Sciences. FIR - Bostrom, Michaela IR - Bostrom M IRAD- Lund University, Department of Clinical Sciences. FIR - Marja, Roslund IR - Marja R IRAD- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Horticulture Technologies. FIR - Aki, Sinkkonen IR - Aki S IRAD- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Horticulture Technologies. FIR - Sara, Alibakhshi IR - Sara A IRAD- Satellio. FIR - Lauri, Hame IR - Lauri H IRAD- Satellio. FIR - Patricia-Daiana, Boia IR - Patricia-Daiana B IRAD- Swiss Center for Electronics and Microtechnology (CSEM). FIR - Loic, Burr IR - Loic B IRAD- Swiss Center for Electronics and Microtechnology (CSEM). FIR - Stefano, Cattaneo IR - Stefano C IRAD- Swiss Center for Electronics and Microtechnology (CSEM). FIR - Peter, Cristofollini IR - Peter C IRAD- Swiss Center for Electronics and Microtechnology (CSEM). FIR - Silvia, Demuru IR - Silvia D IRAD- Swiss Center for Electronics and Microtechnology (CSEM). FIR - Silvia, Generelli IR - Silvia G IRAD- Swiss Center for Electronics and Microtechnology (CSEM). FIR - Nicola, Hermann IR - Nicola H IRAD- Swiss Center for Electronics and Microtechnology (CSEM). FIR - Hui, Chai-Gao IR - Hui CG IRAD- Swiss Center for Electronics and Microtechnology (CSEM). FIR - Samantha, Paoletti IR - Samantha P IRAD- Swiss Center for Electronics and Microtechnology (CSEM). FIR - Bradley, Petkus IR - Bradley P IRAD- Swiss Center for Electronics and Microtechnology (CSEM). FIR - Edith, Ruth IR - Edith R IRAD- Swiss Center for Electronics and Microtechnology (CSEM). FIR - Yevhen, Shynkarenko IR - Yevhen S IRAD- Swiss Center for Electronics and Microtechnology (CSEM). FIR - Erika, Antola IR - Erika A IRAD- Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology. FIR - Anna, Euren IR - Anna E IRAD- Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology. FIR - Heikki, Hyoty IR - Heikki H IRAD- Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology. FIR - Nanna, Kangasmaki IR - Nanna K IRAD- Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology. FIR - Laura, Kivela IR - Laura K IRAD- Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology. FIR - Kalle, Kurppa IR - Kalle K IRAD- Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology. FIR - Jutta, Laiho IR - Jutta L IRAD- Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology. FIR - Olli, Laitinen IR - Olli L IRAD- Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology. FIR - Jussi, Lehtonen IR - Jussi L IRAD- Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology. FIR - Jake, Lin IR - Jake L IRAD- Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology. FIR - Katri, Lindfors IR - Katri L IRAD- Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology. FIR - Maria, Lonnrot IR - Maria L IRAD- Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology. FIR - Johannes, Malkamaki IR - Johannes M IRAD- Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology. FIR - Jani, Makinen IR - Jani M IRAD- Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology. FIR - Henna, Numminen IR - Henna N IRAD- Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology. FIR - Noora, Nurminen IR - Noora N IRAD- Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology. FIR - Matti, Nykter IR - Matti N IRAD- Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology. FIR - Sami, Oikarinen IR - Sami O IRAD- Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology. FIR - Maarit, Oikarinen IR - Maarit O IRAD- Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology. FIR - Tiina, Palmu IR - Tiina P IRAD- Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology. FIR - Leena, Puustinen IR - Leena P IRAD- Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology. FIR - Niila, Saarinen IR - Niila S IRAD- Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology. FIR - Erika, Seppala IR - Erika S IRAD- Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology. FIR - Miia, Siljavaara IR - Miia S IRAD- Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology. FIR - Amirbabak, Sioofy-Khojine IR - Amirbabak SK IRAD- Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology. FIR - Minna, Turppa IR - Minna T IRAD- Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology. FIR - Keijo, Viiri IR - Keijo V IRAD- Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology. FIR - Mikael, Knip IR - Mikael K IRAD- Tampere University Hospital. FIR - Aleksandr, Peet IR - Aleksandr P IRAD- Tartu University Hospital. FIR - Kart, Simre IR - Kart S IRAD- Tartu University Hospital. FIR - Vallo, Tillmann IR - Vallo T IRAD- Tartu University Hospital. FIR - Elin, Hard Af Segerstad IR - Elin HAS IRAD- The Norwegian Institute of Public Health. FIR - Nicolai A, Lund-Blix IR - Nicolai A LB IRAD- The Norwegian Institute of Public Health. FIR - Maria, Magnus IR - Maria M IRAD- The Norwegian Institute of Public Health. FIR - Aino-Kaisa, Rantala IR - Aino-Kaisa R IRAD- The Norwegian Institute of Public Health. FIR - Lars, Stene IR - Lars S IRAD- The Norwegian Institute of Public Health. FIR - Ketil, Stordal IR - Ketil S IRAD- The Norwegian Institute of Public Health. FIR - German, Tapia IR - German T IRAD- The Norwegian Institute of Public Health. FIR - Iida, Makela IR - Iida M IRAD- University of Helsinki, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences. FIR - Martin, Romantschuk IR - Martin R IRAD- University of Helsinki, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences. FIR - Laura, Soininen IR - Laura S IRAD- University of Helsinki, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences. FIR - Tiia, Honkanen IR - Tiia H IRAD- University of Oulu, Department of Paediatrics. FIR - Juho, Pietila IR - Juho P IRAD- University of Oulu, Department of Paediatrics. FIR - Nelli, Ronka IR - Nelli R IRAD- University of Oulu, Department of Paediatrics. FIR - Toni, Valtanen IR - Toni V IRAD- University of Oulu, Department of Paediatrics. FIR - Riitta, Veijola IR - Riitta V IRAD- University of Oulu, Department of Paediatrics. FIR - Elena, Bargagli IR - Elena B IRAD- University of Siena, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience. FIR - Francesco, Dotta IR - Francesco D IRAD- University of Siena, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience. FIR - Laura, Nigi IR - Laura N IRAD- University of Siena, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience. FIR - Guido, Sebastiani IR - Guido S IRAD- University of Siena, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience. FIR - Alar, Aints IR - Alar A IRAD- University of Tartu, Department of Immunology, Institute of Pharmacy. FIR - Kristi, Alnek IR - Kristi A IRAD- University of Tartu, Department of Immunology, Institute of Pharmacy. FIR - Anu, Barenson IR - Anu B IRAD- University of Tartu, Department of Immunology, Institute of Pharmacy. FIR - Anne, Kirss IR - Anne K IRAD- University of Tartu, Department of Immunology, Institute of Pharmacy. FIR - Ivo, Laidmae IR - Ivo L IRAD- University of Tartu, Department of Immunology, Institute of Pharmacy. FIR - Astrid, Oras IR - Astrid O IRAD- University of Tartu, Department of Immunology, Institute of Pharmacy. FIR - Aili, Tagoma IR - Aili T IRAD- University of Tartu, Department of Immunology, Institute of Pharmacy. FIR - Raivo, Uibo IR - Raivo U IRAD- University of Tartu, Department of Immunology, Institute of Pharmacy. FIR - Tamara, Vorobjova IR - Tamara V IRAD- University of Tartu, Department of Immunology, Institute of Pharmacy. FIR - Iltana, Bojovic IR - Iltana B IRAD- University of Turku, Turku Bioscience Centre (University of Turku and Abo Akademi University), Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Paediatrics. FIR - Laura, Elo IR - Laura E IRAD- University of Turku, Turku Bioscience Centre (University of Turku and Abo Akademi University), Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Paediatrics. FIR - Karoliina, Hirvonen IR - Karoliina H IRAD- University of Turku, Turku Bioscience Centre (University of Turku and Abo Akademi University), Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Paediatrics. FIR - Sini, Junttila IR - Sini J IRAD- University of Turku, Turku Bioscience Centre (University of Turku and Abo Akademi University), Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Paediatrics. FIR - Jalmari, Kettunen IR - Jalmari K IRAD- University of Turku, Turku Bioscience Centre (University of Turku and Abo Akademi University), Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Paediatrics. FIR - Riitta, Lahesmaa IR - Riitta L IRAD- University of Turku, Turku Bioscience Centre (University of Turku and Abo Akademi University), Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Paediatrics. FIR - Johanna, Lempainen IR - Johanna L IRAD- University of Turku, Turku Bioscience Centre (University of Turku and Abo Akademi University), Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Paediatrics. FIR - Robert, Moulder IR - Robert M IRAD- University of Turku, Turku Bioscience Centre (University of Turku and Abo Akademi University), Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Paediatrics. FIR - Omid, Rasool IR - Omid R IRAD- University of Turku, Turku Bioscience Centre (University of Turku and Abo Akademi University), Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Paediatrics. FIR - Inna, Starskaia IR - Inna S IRAD- University of Turku, Turku Bioscience Centre (University of Turku and Abo Akademi University), Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Paediatrics. FIR - Tomi, Suomi IR - Tomi S IRAD- University of Turku, Turku Bioscience Centre (University of Turku and Abo Akademi University), Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Paediatrics. FIR - Jorma, Toppari IR - Jorma T IRAD- University of Turku, Turku Bioscience Centre (University of Turku and Abo Akademi University), Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Paediatrics. FIR - Ubaid, Ullah IR - Ubaid U IRAD- University of Turku, Turku Bioscience Centre (University of Turku and Abo Akademi University), Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Paediatrics. FIR - Barannik, Emilia IR - Barannik E IRAD- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd. FIR - Jean Eudes, Gbodjo Yawogan IR - Jean Eudes GY IRAD- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd. FIR - Matthieu, Molinier IR - Matthieu M IRAD- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd. FIR - Tarja, Nevanen IR - Tarja N IRAD- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd. FIR - Juha, Pajula IR - Juha P IRAD- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd. FIR - Juha, Parkka IR - Juha P IRAD- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd. FIR - Jukka, Ranta IR - Jukka R IRAD- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd. FIR - Jyri, Rokman IR - Jyri R IRAD- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd. FIR - Petri, Saviranta IR - Petri S IRAD- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd. FIR - Peter, Ylen IR - Peter Y IRAD- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd. FIR - Eija, Parmes IR - Eija P IRAD- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd. EDAT- 2026/07/11 05:37 MHDA- 2026/09/01 23:34 CRDT- 2026/07/10 19:17 PHST- 2026/03/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/01 23:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/11 05:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/10 19:17 [entrez] AID - S0002-9165(26)00240-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2026.101431 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Am J Clin Nutr. 2026 Sep;124(3):101431. doi: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2026.101431. Epub 2026 Jul 10. PMID- 42431240 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260907 LR - 20260907 IS - 1095-8304 (Electronic) IS - 0195-6663 (Linking) VI - 227 DP - 2026 Dec 1 TI - Associations between the residential food environment and diet: The Generation R Study. PG - 108717 LID - S0195-6663(26)00279-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.appet.2026.108717 [doi] AB - The neighbourhood food environment is a potentially modifiable determinant of children's diets, yet evidence for associations with dietary outcomes remains mixed. This study examined cross-sectional associations between residential food environment characteristics and dietary outcomes among 8-year-old Dutch children, and whether maternal education (indicating household socioeconomic status) moderated these associations. Data were drawn from (n = 3739) children in the Generation R Study, a population-based birth cohort in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Residential food environment exposure was assessed using Geographic Information System-based measures of absolute and relative fast-food outlet density and an overall neighbourhood food environment healthiness score within 400m from children's residences. Dietary outcomes were derived from a parent-reported Food Frequency Questionnaire, and included a validated overall diet quality score (out of 10), and non-core food and drink intake (g/day). Associations were examined using generalized linear models, adjusting for potential confounders. Findings revealed limited and unexpected associations. A healthier food environment score was associated with children's poorer diet quality, and no interaction with maternal education was found. Greater absolute fast-food outlet exposure was associated with better diet quality, but only among children with higher-educated mothers (+0.021 point/outlet, 95% CI: 0.008, 0.034). No associations were found between relative fast-food outlet density and any dietary outcomes. No consistent associations were found for food environment exposure and non-core food and drink intake. In the urban Dutch context, neighbourhood food environments showed weak and inconsistent associations with child diet, with some evidence of potential moderation by household socioeconomic status. These findings highlight the need for multidimensional research and intervention strategies that consider family resources and cultural context to effectively support healthy eating among children. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Harris, Holly A AU - Harris HA AD - Erasmus University Rotterdam, Department of Psychology, Education & Child Studies, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Sydney Nursing School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. FAU - Molenberg, Famke J M AU - Molenberg FJM AD - Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Jansen, Wilma AU - Jansen W AD - Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; City of Rotterdam, Department of Social Development, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Kocken, Paul AU - Kocken P AD - Erasmus University Rotterdam, Department of Psychology, Education & Child Studies, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Voortman, Trudy AU - Voortman T AD - Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands. FAU - Jansen, Pauline W AU - Jansen PW AD - Erasmus University Rotterdam, Department of Psychology, Education & Child Studies, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Electronic address: p.w.jansen@erasmusmc.nl. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260710 PL - England TA - Appetite JT - Appetite JID - 8006808 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Netherlands MH - Child MH - Male MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Residence Characteristics MH - *Diet MH - *Neighborhood Characteristics MH - Fast Foods MH - Educational Status MH - Socioeconomic Factors MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Diet, Healthy MH - Geographic Information Systems MH - Mothers MH - *Food Supply MH - Feeding Behavior MH - Birth Cohort OTO - NOTNLM OT - Child OT - Diet quality OT - Fast-food exposure OT - Geographic information systems (GIS) OT - Neighbourhood food environment OT - Non-core food OT - Socioeconomic status COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/07/11 05:37 MHDA- 2026/09/07 23:34 CRDT- 2026/07/10 19:11 PHST- 2025/08/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/07 23:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/11 05:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/10 19:11 [entrez] AID - S0195-6663(26)00279-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.appet.2026.108717 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Appetite. 2026 Dec 1;227:108717. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2026.108717. Epub 2026 Jul 10. PMID- 42430409 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260710 LR - 20260813 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 7 DP - 2026 TI - Identification of a HOMA-IR cut-off point for cardiometabolic risk and modifiable risk factors in peruvian adolescents. PG - e0351139 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0351139 [doi] LID - e0351139 AB - BACKGROUND: Although HOMA-IR is widely used to assess insulin resistance, reported cut-off values vary substantially across population, particularly during adolescence. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of HOMA-IR values. identify a HOMA-IR cut-off associated with metabolic syndrome (MS), and assess modifiable risk factors of IR in a longitudinal cohort of Peruvian adolescents. METHODS: We performed a secondary data analysis from a longitudinal adolescent's study. A sample of 371 adolescents (14.5 +/- 0.1 years old) from low- medium socioeconomic status. ROC curve analysis was used to identify the specific cut-off point to classify IR using the sensitivity and specificity values in comparison with the MS. Multiple logistic regression analysis including diet, physical activity and body composition from adolescence, excess weight during infancy and family history of non-chronic disease was included to identify risk factors (FHCD) associated with IR. RESULTS: The HOMA-IR was 3.29 (SD 1.71) with no differences by sex. We identified 3.9 for HOMA-IR as the cut-off point with sensitivity (72.4%) and specificity (75.4%) for predicting MS. IR was present in 28.6% (95% CI 24.2;33.4%); 84% had at least one cardiometabolic risk factor and low HDL and abdominal obesity were the most prevalent (62 and 35%, respectively). Adolescents with higher fat mass index (OR 16.03, 95% CI 6.79 to 37.86), and those physically inactive (OR 2.08 95% CI 1.06 to 4.07) were more likely to have IR. No association was found with diet, excess weight at infancy and FHCD. CONCLUSIONS: A cut-offs point of 3.9 for HOMA-IR allows to identify adolescents with high metabolic risk. Strategies to promote lower FMI and improve the physical activity levels could reduce the risk of IR in adolescents. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Curi-Quinto et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Curi-Quinto, Katherine AU - Curi-Quinto K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2233-8251 AD - Research Center of the Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru. AD - Nutritional Research Institute, Lima, Peru. FAU - Vasquez, Fabian AU - Vasquez F AD - Finis Terrae University, Faculty of Medicine, School of Nutrition and Dietetic, Santiago, Chile. FAU - Abad, Melissa AU - Abad M AD - Nutritional Research Institute, Lima, Peru. FAU - Lazarte, Fabiola AU - Lazarte F AD - Nutritional Research Institute, Lima, Peru. FAU - Penny, Mary AU - Penny M AD - Nutritional Research Institute, Lima, Peru. FAU - Del Valle-Mendoza, Juana AU - Del Valle-Mendoza J AD - Research Center of the Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru. AD - Nutritional Research Institute, Lima, Peru. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260710 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Peru/epidemiology MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - *Insulin Resistance MH - Male MH - *Metabolic Syndrome/epidemiology MH - Risk Factors MH - *Cardiometabolic Risk Factors MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - ROC Curve PMC - PMC13354073 COIS- The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/11 01:09 MHDA- 2026/07/11 01:10 PMCR- 2026/07/10 CRDT- 2026/07/10 13:53 PHST- 2025/03/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/11 01:10 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/11 01:09 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/10 13:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-25-02583 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0351139 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 Jul 10;21(7):e0351139. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0351139. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42430046 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260904 LR - 20260904 IS - 1475-1313 (Electronic) IS - 0275-5408 (Linking) VI - 46 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Analysis of the Association Between Weight Status and Myopia in Children and Adolescents and Development of a Screening Model Based on Body Fat Percentage. PG - 1040-1048 LID - 10.1007/s44402-026-00135-y [doi] AB - PURPOSE: This study examined the association between weight status and myopia in children and adolescents and compared the screening performance of body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 8748 students aged 7-15 years. Height, weight and body fat percentage were measured, and myopia was assessed using non-cycloplegic autorefraction. The sample was randomly divided into training and validation sets. Logistic regression adjusted for sex, age, residence, physical activity and outdoor light exposure was used to examine the association between weight status and myopia. Mediation analysis treated physical activity as a categorical variable, with bootstrap resampling used to test indirect effects through BMI and body fat percentage. Receiver operating characteristic curves compared the screening performance of both indicators. RESULTS: Overweight or obesity was associated with myopia after full adjustment (odds ratio = 1.45, 95% confidence interval: 1.30-1.63). Categorical mediation analysis showed a direct protective association of higher physical activity with myopia, with no significant indirect effect through BMI or body fat percentage. In both training and validation sets, the area under the curve was 0.76 for BMI and 0.76 for body fat percentage. A body fat percentage threshold of 0.69 classified a high-risk group with higher myopia prevalence than the low-risk group (88.7% versus 52.1%). CONCLUSION: Overweight or obesity is independently associated with myopia. BMI and body fat percentage provide comparable, low-cost tools for initial school-based risk stratification, while physical activity may protect against myopia independently of body composition. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The College of Optometrists. FAU - Zhao, Deqiang AU - Zhao D AD - China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China. FAU - Chen, Xiaoxiao AU - Chen X AD - School of Physical Education and Sports Rehabilitation, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China. FAU - Zhang, Aoyu AU - Zhang A AD - Tianshi College of Tianjin, School of Medicine, Tianjin, China. FAU - Pan, Xiang AU - Pan X AD - Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai, Japan. FAU - Wang, Chunmiao AU - Wang C AD - China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China. FAU - Chen, Jiaxin AU - Chen J AD - China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China. FAU - Hu, Haixia AU - Hu H AD - Aiyoudong Children and Youth Sports Health Research Institute, Weifang, China. FAU - Zhang, Yanfeng AU - Zhang Y AD - China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China. zhangyanfeng0310@126.com. LA - eng GR - 2022YFC3600204/Special Project on "Scientific and Technological Countermeasures for Positive Health and Population Aging" under the National Key Research and Development Program of China/ GR - B2311/Weifang Integration of Sports and Health Innovation and Development Project/ GR - B2422/Weifang Children and Adolescents Sports-Health Integration Innovation and Development Initiative/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260710 PL - England TA - Ophthalmic Physiol Opt JT - Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) JID - 8208839 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - *Myopia/epidemiology/physiopathology/diagnosis/etiology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - Body Mass Index MH - *Adipose Tissue MH - ROC Curve MH - Risk Factors MH - *Overweight/complications MH - Prevalence MH - *Body Weight/physiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Body fat percentage OT - Children and adolescents OT - Myopia OT - Overweight and obesity OT - ROC curve OT - Screening model COIS- Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Consent to Publish Declaration: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the China Institute of Sport Science (Approval No. CISSLA20230110). Written informed consent was obtained from the guardians of all participating children and the children themselves provided assent. Ethics and Consent to Participate Declarations: All guardians of the subjects participating in the study have signed the informed consent form. Institutional Review Board statement: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Chinese Institute of Sport Science (No. CISSLA20230110). EDAT- 2026/07/10 12:44 MHDA- 2026/09/04 17:40 CRDT- 2026/07/10 11:20 PHST- 2025/12/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/04 17:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/10 12:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/10 11:20 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s44402-026-00135-y [pii] AID - 10.1007/s44402-026-00135-y [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2026 Sep;46(5):1040-1048. doi: 10.1007/s44402-026-00135-y. Epub 2026 Jul 10. PMID- 42429973 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260710 LR - 20261008 IS - 1432-1076 (Electronic) IS - 0340-6199 (Linking) VI - 185 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Jul 10 TI - A multivariate electrocardiographic predictive model for left ventricular hypertrophy in children with primary hypertension. LID - 569 [pii] LID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07198-6 [doi] AB - Current electrocardiographic (ECG) criteria are of low diagnostic value compared with echocardiography (ECHO) for LVH, establishing a more effective ECG predictive model is required. The research purpose was to establish and validate a model to improve the diagnostic capability of ECG for LVH in pediatric primary hypertension. A retrospective study of 502 hypertensive children were recruited in the study between January 2019 and December 2024. The cohort were randomly divided into training (n = 402) and test sets (n = 100) with a proportion of 8:2. LVH was diagnosed using ECHO criteria. A total of 22 ECG parameters were evaluated. A predictive nomogram was developed using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and multivariate logistic regression. LVH was identified in 117 (29.1%) of the training set and 29 (29.0%) of the test set. Body mass index (BMI), R(I) + S(V4), and S(D) + S(V4) were identified as independent predictors of LVH. The nomogram model showed good performance, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.822 in the training set and 0.803 in the test set. Calibration curves and Hosmer-Lemeshow test indicated good agreement between predicted and actual probabilities. DCA demonstrated clinical usefulness. The model outperformed previous models, as confirmed by NRI and IDI. CONCLUSIONS: The nomogram model incorporating BMI, R(I) + S(V4), and S(D) + S(V4) significantly improves the ECG diagnosis of LVH in pediatric primary hypertension, serving as a reliable tool for early LVH detection in hypertensive children. WHAT IS KNOWN: * We established a pediatric-specific nomogram integrating BMI and two composite ECG indices (R(I) + S(V4), S(D) + S(V4)); this model outperforms conventional adult ECG criteria and exhibits reliable discrimination, calibration and clinical practicability for diagnosing LVH in children with primary hypertension diagnosing LVH in children with primary hypertension. * This work innovatively uses BMI as a correction term to compensate for ECG voltage attenuation induced by chest wall fat in obese children, substantially lifting the overall ECG diagnostic accuracy of pediatric hypertensive LVH. WHAT IS NEW: * Our current study developed a nomogram model combining BMI, RI + SV4, and SD + SV4 that significantly improves ECG diagnostic accuracy for LVH in children with primary hypertension. * The research innovatively transforms BMI into a corrective factor addressing voltage attenuation caused by chest wall fat in obese children. * The model identifies pediatric-specific composite ECG indices superior to adult-derived criteria, demonstrating good discrimination, calibration, and clinical utility. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Liu, Yang AU - Liu Y AD - Department of Cardiology, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Yabao Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China. FAU - Cui, Yaxi AU - Cui Y AD - Department of Cardiology, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Yabao Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China. FAU - Lin, Yao AU - Lin Y AD - Department of Cardiology, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Yabao Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China. FAU - Zheng, Tong AU - Zheng T AD - Department of Cardiology, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Yabao Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China. FAU - Bao, Min AU - Bao M AD - Department of Cardiology, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Yabao Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China. FAU - Liu, Yanyan AU - Liu Y AD - Department of Cardiology, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Yabao Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China. FAU - Jiang, He AU - Jiang H AD - Department of Cardiology, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Yabao Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China. FAU - Shi, Lin AU - Shi L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7578-7440 AD - Department of Cardiology, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Yabao Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China. shilin9789@126.com. LA - eng GR - YJRC202401/Research Start-up Fund for Introduced Talents of Capital Institute of Pediatrics/ GR - YGLX202532/Beijing Hospitals Authority Clinical medicine Development of special funding support/ GR - XZYB-2025-01/New Quality Fund of Capital Institute of Pediatrics/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260710 PL - Germany TA - Eur J Pediatr JT - European journal of pediatrics JID - 7603873 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Electrocardiography/methods MH - *Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/diagnosis/etiology MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Child MH - *Nomograms MH - Female MH - Male MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - *Essential Hypertension/complications MH - Adolescent MH - Multivariate Analysis MH - *Hypertension/complications MH - Echocardiography MH - Logistic Models OTO - NOTNLM OT - Children OT - Echocardiography OT - Electrocardiography OT - Hypertension OT - Left ventricular hypertrophy OT - Predictive model COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval: This study had approval from the Ethic Committee of the Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University (No: SHERLL2025011). Each child's parent or legal guardian/next of kin provided signed informed consent. This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments. Consent to participate: All participants gave their written consent to participate. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/10 12:46 MHDA- 2026/07/11 01:09 CRDT- 2026/07/10 11:15 PHST- 2026/03/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/11 01:09 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/10 12:46 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/10 11:15 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07198-6 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07198-6 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Eur J Pediatr. 2026 Jul 10;185(8):569. doi: 10.1007/s00431-026-07198-6. PMID- 42429723 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260825 LR - 20260826 IS - 2405-5018 (Electronic) IS - 2405-500X (Print) IS - 2405-500X (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Beta-Blockers and Exercise Performance in Children With Long QT Syndrome. PG - 2010-2018 LID - S2405-500X(26)00558-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jacep.2026.06.010 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Young people taking beta-blockers for long QT syndrome (LQTS) have concerns about exercise performance. OBJECTIVES: This study sought to determine whether objective measures of cardiopulmonary fitness are influenced by beta-blocker dose in LQTS. METHODS: In a retrospective chart review of treadmill cardiopulmonary exercise tests (CPETs), we measured peak oxygen consumption (Vo(2)), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), blood pressure, and percent predicted heart rate at peak exertion (%PHR), each analyzed with a linear mixed-effects model. We analyzed nadolol data (noncardioselective) as our primary analysis, then analyzed a validation cohort of atenolol data (cardioselective). RESULTS: We evaluated 220 CPETs in 93 patients with LQTS. The mean age at first CPET was 12 +/- 3.9 years. In multivariable analysis, %PHR decreased by 13% for every 1 mg/kg/d increase in beta-blocker dose, demonstrating physiologic beta-blocker effects. However, we identified no correlation between nadolol dose and measures of cardiopulmonary fitness. Neither peak Vo(2) nor peak RER was correlated with nadolol dose. Only mild blood pressure changes were observed (<9 mm Hg decrease at peak exertion per 1 mg/kg increase in nadolol dose). Increased atenolol dose was also associated with stable peak Vo(2) and peak RER. CONCLUSIONS: In children with LQTS, we did not observe any relationship between higher nadolol doses and objective measures of effort (peak RER) or cardiopulmonary fitness (peak Vo(2)), despite a linear dose-response between nadolol dose and %PHR. These results suggest that treatment with nadolol for LQTS does not affect most patients' peak exercise performance. These data were validated in patients from an earlier era who had been prescribed atenolol. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 American College of Cardiology Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Webster, Gregory AU - Webster G AD - Division of Cardiology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA. Electronic address: rgwebster@luriechildrens.org. FAU - Gill, Nathan AU - Gill N AD - Division of Biostatistics and Informatics, Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA. FAU - Carberry, Thomas AU - Carberry T AD - Corewell Health Helen Devos Children's Hospital, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA. FAU - Chandler, Stephanie F AU - Chandler SF AD - Division of Cardiology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA. FAU - Cherny, Sara AU - Cherny S AD - Division of Cardiology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA. FAU - Lockhart, Elli N AU - Lockhart EN AD - Division of Cardiology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA. FAU - Onorato, Angela C AU - Onorato AC AD - The Heart Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA. FAU - Dillenbeck, Halley AU - Dillenbeck H AD - Division of Cardiology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA. FAU - Ward, Kendra AU - Ward K AD - Division of Cardiology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA. FAU - Laternser, Christina AU - Laternser C AD - Division of Cardiology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA. LA - eng GR - R01 HL164773/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - UL1 TR001422/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural DEP - 20260709 PL - United States TA - JACC Clin Electrophysiol JT - JACC. Clinical electrophysiology JID - 101656995 RN - 0 (Adrenergic beta-Antagonists) RN - 50VV3VW0TI (Atenolol) RN - 42200-33-9 (Nadolol) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - *Long QT Syndrome/drug therapy/physiopathology MH - Exercise Test MH - *Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/therapeutic use/pharmacology MH - Female MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Adolescent MH - Male MH - Atenolol/therapeutic use MH - Heart Rate/drug effects MH - Oxygen Consumption/drug effects MH - Nadolol/therapeutic use/pharmacology MH - Blood Pressure/drug effects MH - *Exercise/physiology MH - Cardiorespiratory Fitness/physiology PMC - PMC13502152 MID - NIHMS2192871 OTO - NOTNLM OT - beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist OT - cardiopulmonary exercise test OT - electrophysiology OT - long QT syndrome OT - pediatric OT - pharmacology COIS- Funding Support and Author Disclosures The Northwestern University Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute is funded in part by a Clinical and Translational Science Award grant from the National Institutes of Health (UL1TR001422). This study was supported, in part, by the National Institutes of Health/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01 HL164773) and philanthropic donors. Dr Webster has served as a consultant for Solid Biosciences. Dr Ward has served as a site principal investigator for a trial funded by Mezzion Pharmaceuticals. All other authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose. EDAT- 2026/07/10 12:46 MHDA- 2026/08/25 11:38 PMCR- 2026/08/25 CRDT- 2026/07/10 10:27 PHST- 2026/03/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/25 11:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/10 12:46 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/10 10:27 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2405-500X(26)00558-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jacep.2026.06.010 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - JACC Clin Electrophysiol. 2026 Aug;12(8):2010-2018. doi: 10.1016/j.jacep.2026.06.010. Epub 2026 Jul 9. PMID- 42429700 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260803 LR - 20260821 IS - 1879-1972 (Electronic) IS - 1054-139X (Print) IS - 1054-139X (Linking) VI - 79 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Cultural Food Practices and Their Potential Role in Mitigating Disordered Eating Among American Indian/First Nations Youth. PG - 404-411 LID - S1054-139X(26)00191-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2026.05.006 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: Explore the relationship between disordered eating and engagement in cultural food practices in a sample of American Indian/First Nations (AI/FNs) adolescents. METHODS: Using interviewer-administered surveys data derived from Healing Pathways (N = 661), a longitudinal community-based participatory research study with Midwest AI/FN communities, we examined disordered eating, cultural food practices, and related sociodemographic variables in AI/FN adolescents using data from two time points/waves of this larger longitudinal study. We examined the structure of a disordered eating questionnaire using exploratory factor analysis to reveal psychometric properties of the questionnaire, resulting in three distinct disordered eating constructs "binge eating," "obsessive food behaviors," and "altered feelings about body." Associations with cultural food practices and these disordered eating constructs were examined using adjusted and unadjusted linear regression models. RESULTS: Greater engagement in cultural food practices was significantly associated with lower levels of "altered feelings about body" in both unadjusted (beta = -0.27, standard error [SE] = 0.04, p < .001) and adjusted models (beta = -0.11, SE = 0.05, p < .05). Identifying as female was linked to higher levels of both "obsessive food behaviors" (adjusted beta = 0.36, SE = 0.12, p < .05) and "altered feelings about body" (adjusted beta = 1.65, SE = 0.16, p < .001). DISCUSSION: Participation in cultural food practices may potentially play an important role in creating and sustaining healthy eating behaviors for AI/FN youth. Future research should consider the impact of disordered eating on nutrition-related health behaviors, as well as the potential protective role of cultural food practices against unhealthy eating behaviors. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Maudrie, Tara L AU - Maudrie TL AD - University of Michigan, School of Social Work, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Department of Health Behavior & Health Equity, University of Michigan, School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan. FAU - Gillson, Stefanie AU - Gillson S AD - Yale School of Medicine, Child Study Center, New Haven, Connecticut. FAU - Anderson, Olivia AU - Anderson O AD - Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland. FAU - Walls, Melissa L AU - Walls ML AD - Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Center for Indigenous Health, Great Lakes Hub, Duluth, Minnesota. FAU - Steinberg, Rachel AU - Steinberg R AD - Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Center for Indigenous Health, Great Lakes Hub, Duluth, Minnesota. FAU - Williams, Stephanie AU - Williams S AD - Healing Pathways, Community Research Council, Duluth, Minnesota. FAU - Hautala, Dane AU - Hautala D AD - Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Center for Indigenous Health, Great Lakes Hub, Duluth, Minnesota. LA - eng GR - R01 DA039912/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - U54 CA280805/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260710 PL - United States TA - J Adolesc Health JT - The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine JID - 9102136 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Community-Based Participatory Research MH - *Feeding and Eating Disorders/ethnology/prevention & control/psychology MH - *Feeding Behavior/ethnology/psychology MH - *Indians, North American/psychology MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Indigenous Canadians/psychology PMC - PMC13488913 MID - NIHMS2201366 OTO - NOTNLM OT - AI/AN OT - Disordered eating OT - Food sovereignty OT - Indigenous OT - Nutrition OT - Traditional foods COIS- Conflicts of interest: The authors report no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/10 12:45 MHDA- 2026/08/04 00:35 PMCR- 2026/08/19 CRDT- 2026/07/10 10:27 PHST- 2025/12/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/04 00:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/10 12:45 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/10 10:27 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1054-139X(26)00191-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2026.05.006 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Adolesc Health. 2026 Sep;79(3):404-411. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2026.05.006. Epub 2026 Jul 10. PMID- 42428943 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260710 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-4185 (Print) IS - 2296-4185 (Electronic) IS - 2296-4185 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Ankle proprioception during lateral cutting and stroke performance in adolescent table tennis players. PG - 1865238 LID - 10.3389/fbioe.2026.1865238 [doi] LID - 1865238 AB - OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the association between ankle-cutting proprioception and stroke performance among adolescent elite table tennis players. METHODS: A total of 66 adolescent table tennis players were recruited. Ankle proprioception during lateral cutting movements was assessed using the Ankle Inversion Discrimination Apparatus-Cutting, while sport-specific performance was evaluated through an 80-ball whole-table random placement test (TS80). Hierarchical regression analysis was performed to examine the independent association between ankle proprioception and TS80 scores, controlling for sex, age, and body mass index (BMI). RESULTS: The baseline model (sex, age, and BMI) significantly predicted stroke performance (R(2) = 0.26, adjusted R(2) = 0.23, p = 0.0003). Adding ankle cutting proprioception increased the explained variance by 17% (DeltaR(2) = 0.17, p < 0.001), with the full model explaining 43% of the variance (R(2) = 0.43, adjusted R(2) = 0.39, p < 0.001). In the final model, sex (beta = 0.55, p < 0.001) and ankle proprioception (beta = 0.41, p < 0.001) were significant independent predictors, while age and BMI were not. A significant sex x proprioception interaction (p = 0.012) indicated that the association was stronger in female athletes. CONCLUSION: Ankle proprioception during lateral cutting is independently associated with stroke performance in adolescent table tennis players, suggesting that it may be a potential target for future interventional studies aiming at optimizing sport-specific accuracy. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Cao, Lyu, Wang and Han. FAU - Cao, Ziwei AU - Cao Z AD - China Table Tennis College, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China. FAU - Lyu, Mengde AU - Lyu M AD - School of Biomedical Science and Health, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - Wang, Shuhui AU - Wang S AD - School of Health and Social Care, Shanghai Urban Construction Vocational College, Shanghai, China. FAU - Han, Jia AU - Han J AD - School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260625 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Bioeng Biotechnol JT - Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology JID - 101632513 PMC - PMC13346178 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescent OT - cutting OT - performance OT - proprioception OT - table tennis COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/10 06:34 MHDA- 2026/07/10 06:35 PMCR- 2026/06/25 CRDT- 2026/07/10 05:21 PHST- 2026/04/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/10 06:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/10 06:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/10 05:21 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 1865238 [pii] AID - 10.3389/fbioe.2026.1865238 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2026 Jun 25;14:1865238. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2026.1865238. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42427950 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260710 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-2360 (Print) IS - 2296-2360 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2360 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - The association between social media use and dietary intake among adolescents in Turkiye: a cross sectional study. PG - 1862690 LID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1862690 [doi] LID - 1862690 AB - INTRODUCTION: Social media usage has surged up among adolescents and its relationship with dietary intake is unclear. This paper investigated the association between social media use and dietary intake among adolescents in Turkiye. METHODS: A cross sectional study was conducted. Convenience sampling was chosen. Private schools located in two cities in the Central and Eastern regions of Turkiye (Sanliurfa and Karaman). The sample consisted of 251 adolescents (13-18 years of age) and 49% of them were male. Dietary data were collected using a validated food frequency questionnaire. The multiple regression analysis adjusted for age groups were used to assess the relationship between social media use and dietary intake. Then Benjamini-Hochberg FDR correction was applied. All the data are based on beta (unstandardized) with standard error (SE) (beta+/-SE). RESULTS: Fewer than half of the participants reported using social media for over three hours daily (47.4%). The late adolescents used social media more than three hours a day (p < 0.05). Prolonged social media use (>3 h) was associated with higher energy (beta = 356.21 +/- 111.91 kcal, p = 0.002), carbohydrate (beta = 41.19 +/- 14.82 g, p = 0.006), sucrose (beta = 10.75 +/- 3.24 g, p = 0.001), fat (beta = 16.51 +/- 5.83 g, p = 0.005), calcium (beta= 146.44 +/- 54.72 mg, p = 0.008) and zinc (beta = 2.16 +/- 0.75 mg, p = 0.004) intake. Participants who were on social media for more than three hours a day consumed an average of 87.91 g more milk and yoghurt, 27.92 g more meat and processed meat, and 34.38 g more pastry than those who were on social media less than three hours a day. However after Benjamini-Hochberg False Discovery Rate correction, no relationship was found between dairy, meat and pastry consumption with social media duration (p > 0.05). Spending more time on social media was also related to more added sugar consumption (beta = 9.23 +/- 3.38 g, p = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that prolonged use of social media is associated with higher energy, fat, sucrose, zinc and calcium consumption. These adolescents have a diet richer in micronutrients but also they follow a more obesogenic dietary pattern, which may be related to an increased risk of inflammatory and chronic diseases later in life. Longitudinal studies are needed to determine a causal relationship. CI - (c) 2026 Ozturk. FAU - Ozturk, Meryem Elif AU - Ozturk ME AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260625 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Pediatr JT - Frontiers in pediatrics JID - 101615492 PMC - PMC13345838 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - dietary intake OT - energy intake OT - social media OT - sucrose COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/10 06:34 MHDA- 2026/07/10 06:35 PMCR- 2026/06/25 CRDT- 2026/07/10 05:11 PHST- 2026/04/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/10 06:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/10 06:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/10 05:11 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1862690 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Pediatr. 2026 Jun 25;14:1862690. doi: 10.3389/fped.2026.1862690. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42427907 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260710 LR - 20260813 IS - 2038-9922 (Print) IS - 2038-9930 (Electronic) IS - 2038-9922 (Linking) VI - 17 IP - 1 DP - 2026 TI - Implementation of a Banana Flour Porridge Supplementation Initiative in a Mozambican Primary School: A pilot descriptive study. PG - 1749 LID - 10.4102/jphia.v17i1.1749 [doi] LID - 1749 AB - BACKGROUND: Child malnutrition remains a significant public health challenge in Mozambique, particularly in food-insecure rural communities. Locally available and culturally accepted foods may contribute to strengthening school feeding strategies. AIM: This pilot study described the nutritional status of schoolchildren in a Banana Flour Porridge Supplementation Initiative and assessed the feasibility of implementing and monitoring it in a public-school setting. SETTING: This study was conducted in a rural primary school in Ka Tembe District, Maputo Province, Mozambique. METHODS: A descriptive pilot study was conducted among 65 children aged 6-14 years. All participants received banana flour porridge daily for 30 days. Anthropometric measurements (weight, height, body mass index [BMI]) were collected at baseline, day 15 and day 30. A structured questionnaire assessed dietary habits. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics. RESULTS: At baseline, most children had adequate nutritional status, with low consumption of dairy and fortified foods, suggesting potential micronutrient gaps. During the 30-day supplementation period, the proportion of children classified as having an adequate BMI increased from 62.5% to 84.4% (aged 6-9 years) and from 57.6% to 87.9% (aged 10-14 years). These are descriptive observations. No adverse effects were reported. The initiative was easily integrated into the school routine and well accepted by students. CONCLUSION: Banana flour porridge supplementation is operationally feasible and acceptable in a school setting. Findings should be interpreted as preliminary and hypothesis-generating. CONTRIBUTION: This pilot provides early insights into the feasibility and acceptability of incorporating banana flour porridge into school feeding programmes. CI - (c) 2026. The Authors. FAU - Chidassicua, Jose Braz AU - Chidassicua JB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5131-0349 AD - Collaborative Researchers' Team, Sergio Gago Foundation, Maputo, Mozambique. AD - Ministry of Health, National Institute of Health, Maputo, Mozambique. FAU - Titosse, Antonio AU - Titosse A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6154-1933 AD - Collaborative Researchers' Team, Sergio Gago Foundation, Maputo, Mozambique. AD - Ministry of Health, Maputo, Mozambique. FAU - Magaco, Amilcar AU - Magaco A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6381-4576 AD - Collaborative Researchers' Team, Sergio Gago Foundation, Maputo, Mozambique. FAU - Mondlane, Reginalda AU - Mondlane R AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-0005-7740 AD - Collaborative Researchers' Team, Sergio Gago Foundation, Maputo, Mozambique. AD - Ministry of Health, Maputo, Mozambique. FAU - Mambuque, Edson AU - Mambuque E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9106-1444 AD - Collaborative Researchers' Team, Sergio Gago Foundation, Maputo, Mozambique. AD - Manhica Health Research Center (CISM), Manhica, Mozambique. FAU - Goncalves, Maria Patricia AU - Goncalves MP AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-5573-2842 AD - Collaborative Researchers' Team, Sergio Gago Foundation, Maputo, Mozambique. AD - Ministry of Health, National Institute of Health, Maputo, Mozambique. FAU - Cane, Reka Maulide AU - Cane RM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8209-4976 AD - Collaborative Researchers' Team, Sergio Gago Foundation, Maputo, Mozambique. AD - Ministry of Health, National Institute of Health, Maputo, Mozambique. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260608 PL - South Africa TA - J Public Health Afr JT - Journal of public health in Africa JID - 101586943 PMC - PMC13347745 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Mozambique OT - child nutrition OT - food security OT - pilot study OT - school feeding OT - schoolchildren OT - sub-Saharan Africa COIS- The authors reported that they received funding from the Sergio Gago Foundation, which may be affected by the research reported in the enclosed publication. The authors have disclosed those interests fully and have implemented an approved plan for managing any potential conflicts arising from their involvement. The terms of these funding arrangements have been reviewed and approved by the affiliated institution in accordance with its policy on objectivity in research. EDAT- 2026/07/10 06:35 MHDA- 2026/07/10 06:36 PMCR- 2026/06/08 CRDT- 2026/07/10 05:11 PHST- 2025/11/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/10 06:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/10 06:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/10 05:11 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JPHIA-17-1749 [pii] AID - 10.4102/jphia.v17i1.1749 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Public Health Afr. 2026 Jun 8;17(1):1749. doi: 10.4102/jphia.v17i1.1749. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42426319 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260709 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jul 9 TI - Explainable machine learning integrating environmental chemical biomarkers and maternal clinical factors for prediction of hypertensive disorder of pregnancy. LID - 10.1038/s41598-026-61841-8 [doi] AB - Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) represent a leading cause of maternal morbidity, yet environmental chemical contributors to HDP risk remain poorly characterized within predictive frameworks. We developed and evaluated an explainable machine-learning model integrating environmental biomarkers with maternal clinical characteristics for HDP prediction using data from 4,260 pregnant women enrolled in the Korean Children's Environmental Health Study (Ko-CHENS) prospective birth cohort. An Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) classifier incorporating 18 environmental biomarkers-including blood lead, cadmium, mercury, and endocrine-disrupting chemicals-alongside maternal clinical covariates was trained using stratified 60/20/20 data splits with Bayesian hyperparameter optimization. The optimized model achieved a cross-validated ROC-AUC of 0.787 and an independent test ROC-AUC of 0.748 (95% CI: 0.587-0.887), with a negative predictive value of 0.994 under severe class imbalance (HDP prevalence: 1.7%). SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis identified late-pregnancy blood lead concentration and pre-pregnancy body mass index as the dominant predictors, each exhibiting non-linear risk gradients; formal SHAP interaction values (1.6% of combined attribution) and an independent logistic-regression interaction term (beta = 0.418, 95% CI - 0.278-1.115, p = 0.239) indicated additive rather than synergistic BMI-lead pathways. These findings demonstrate that environmental biomarkers contribute independent, non-linear predictive value beyond established clinical risk factors, supporting integration of environmental exposure surveillance into precision obstetric risk stratification. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Wang, Changwon AU - Wang C AD - Department of Integrated Healthcare Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, Jong-Dae AU - Lee JD AD - Department of Environmental Health Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Ju Hee AU - Kim JH AD - Department of Nursing, College of Nursing Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea. juheekim@khu.ac.kr. LA - eng GR - No. 5199990914048/BK21 FOUR (Fostering Outstanding Universities for Research/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260709 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Environmental chemical exposure OT - Explainable artificial intelligence OT - Hypertensive disorder of pregnancy OT - Machine learning COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/10 00:36 MHDA- 2026/07/10 00:36 CRDT- 2026/07/09 23:35 PHST- 2026/04/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/10 00:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/10 00:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/09 23:35 [entrez] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-61841-8 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-61841-8 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Sci Rep. 2026 Jul 9. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-61841-8. PMID- 42426095 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260709 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jul 9 TI - Integrated framework for pediatric height assessment: X-ray-based height extreme cases classification and machine learning for multivariate height prediction. LID - 10.1038/s41598-026-56423-7 [doi] AB - Pediatric height assessment is crucial for evaluating growth and enabling timely intervention. However, traditional methods primarily assess current bone age rather than identifying future height abnormalities. This study proposes an integrated framework with two components: one uses hand X-ray images and clinical features to predict potential extreme height cases after one year; the other employs multivariate data to predict height across different time scales. To predict potential extreme cases, we employed fine-tuned Inception-ResNet-V2 as our classification model, while addressing class data imbalance through the DSEV method. For multivariate height prediction, we used XGBoost as our prediction model, incorporating various anthropometric and medical features, such as sex, age, body height, birth weight, medical diagnosis, and treatment. Results demonstrate that our classification models achieved outstanding performance in detecting unexpectedly short and unexpectedly tall cases, showing exceptional accuracy and reliability. Our multivariate prediction models demonstrated very low mean absolute error for predictions within 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, and near-final adult height, with consistent and stable performance. This integrated framework provides clinicians with more precise and comprehensive tools for evaluating children's growth and planning interventions. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Chang, Ya-Wen AU - Chang YW AD - Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan ROC. FAU - Tsai, Meng-Che AU - Tsai MC AD - Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan ROC. mengchets@gs.ncku.edu.tw. FAU - Hsieh, Sun-Yuan AU - Hsieh SY AD - Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan ROC. hsiehsy@mail.ncku.edu.tw. AD - The Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115201, Taiwan ROC. hsiehsy@mail.ncku.edu.tw. AD - The Research Center for Information Technology Innovation, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115201, Taiwan ROC. hsiehsy@mail.ncku.edu.tw. AD - The Institute of Medical Informatics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan ROC. hsiehsy@mail.ncku.edu.tw. AD - Institute of Manufacturing Information and Systems, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan ROC. hsiehsy@mail.ncku.edu.tw. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260709 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Artificial Intelligence OT - Bone Age OT - Deep Learning OT - Growth Abnormalities OT - Hand X-ray OT - Height Prediction OT - Machine Learning COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/10 00:35 MHDA- 2026/07/10 00:35 CRDT- 2026/07/09 23:26 PHST- 2025/11/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/10 00:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/10 00:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/09 23:26 [entrez] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-56423-7 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-56423-7 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Sci Rep. 2026 Jul 9. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-56423-7. PMID- 42425056 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260819 LR - 20260819 IS - 1878-5646 (Electronic) IS - 0042-6989 (Linking) VI - 247 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Gait kinematics during walking in children with impaired binocular vision due to amblyopia or strabismus. PG - 108875 LID - S0042-6989(26)00127-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.visres.2026.108875 [doi] AB - Impaired binocular vision early in life from amblyopia or strabismus is related to lower scores than controls for walking on standardized tests of motor ability. However, standardized tests do not assess gait kinematics, which may provide a better understanding of motor deficits. This study investigated gait kinematics while walking in children with amblyopia or strabismus. Children ages 7-13 years with amblyogenic factors (13 anisometropia, 8 strabismus) were enrolled in the amblyopia or strabismus (AS) group (15/21 had current amblyopia). An age-similar group of 33 controls with normal vision were also enrolled. While viewing binocularly, children walked on a GAITRite(R) pressure-sensitive walkway and completed 3 conditions: 1) Straight Walk (SW): walk on mat, 2) Isolated Target Walk (IT): walk and step on two-dimensional targets, and 3) Distractor Target Walk (DT): walk and step on two-dimensional targets while avoiding two-dimensional distractors. Gait kinematics were mean normalized velocity, cadence, step time, stance time, step length, step width, and step accuracy (# targets missed, # distractors stepped on). Variability in gait kinematics was also examined using the coefficient of variation (COV). Typical mean gait kinematics did not differ between the AS and control groups. However, the AS group missed more targets, showed increased variability (higher COV), and lacked any learning effects compared to controls. Unbalanced visual input early in life from amblyopia or strabismus results in variable and inaccurate walking patterns, pointing to an immaturity of gait development. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Hoare, Lauren E AU - Hoare LE AD - School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada. FAU - Kelly, Krista R AU - Kelly KR AD - School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada. Electronic address: Krista.kelly@uwaterloo.ca. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260709 PL - England TA - Vision Res JT - Vision research JID - 0417402 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - *Strabismus/physiopathology MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Vision, Binocular/physiology MH - Biomechanical Phenomena/physiology MH - *Amblyopia/physiopathology MH - Adolescent MH - *Gait/physiology MH - *Walking/physiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Amblyopia OT - Binocular vision OT - Gait kinematics OT - Strabismus OT - Visuomotor development COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/07/10 04:10 MHDA- 2026/08/19 23:42 CRDT- 2026/07/09 18:12 PHST- 2026/02/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/19 23:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/10 04:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/09 18:12 [entrez] AID - S0042-6989(26)00127-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.visres.2026.108875 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Vision Res. 2026 Oct;247:108875. doi: 10.1016/j.visres.2026.108875. Epub 2026 Jul 9. PMID- 42425048 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260904 LR - 20260904 IS - 1879-0046 (Electronic) IS - 0376-8716 (Linking) VI - 286 DP - 2026 Sep 1 TI - Youth's perception of parental limitation of youth screen time is associated with lower odds of nicotine vaping among US youth: Results from the 2024 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). PG - 113260 LID - S0376-8716(26)00241-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2026.113260 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Youth media exposure is associated with vaping, while parental limitation of youth screen time may be associated with lower odds of youth vaping. Using nationally representative survey data, this study examines these relationships. METHODS: We used youth (aged 12-17) data from the 2024 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (N = 11,334) and defined past-month nicotine vaping as a binary variable (yes/no). Past-year youth's perception of parental limitation of youth screen time (television, tablets, smartphones, computers, and video games) was categorized as never, seldom, sometimes, or always. To estimate associations between youth's perception of parental limitation of screen time and past-month nicotine vaping, we conducted binomial logistic regression, controlling for relevant covariates. RESULTS: Overall, 5.5% of adolescents reported past-month nicotine vaping; 29.9% reported that parents never limited screen time, compared with 16.6% who reported always limiting screen time. In adjusted models, higher levels of youth's perception of screen time limitation were associated with lower odds of past-month nicotine vaping (AOR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.66, 0.92). Several sensitivity analyses validated the findings. CONCLUSIONS: These findings identify that youth's perception of parental limitation of screen time was associated with lower odds of nicotine vaping among youth. Future studies should assess direct parental reports of restriction of youth screen time and examine comprehensive media-use approaches that combine screen-time limits in addition to general parenting practices. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Lee, Juhan AU - Lee J AD - Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, United States; Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Montefiore Einstein Comprehensive Cancer Center, United States. Electronic address: juhan.lee@einsteinmed.edu. FAU - Mattingly, Delvon T AU - Mattingly DT AD - Department of Behavioral Science, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, United States; Center for Health, Engagement, and Transformation, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, United States. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260704 PL - Ireland TA - Drug Alcohol Depend JT - Drug and alcohol dependence JID - 7513587 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Male MH - Child MH - *Vaping/epidemiology/psychology MH - United States/epidemiology MH - *Screen Time MH - *Parents MH - Health Surveys MH - Media Exposure MH - *Perception OTO - NOTNLM OT - Media exposure OT - Nicotine vaping OT - Screen time OT - Youth COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/07/10 04:10 MHDA- 2026/09/04 23:36 CRDT- 2026/07/09 18:11 PHST- 2026/03/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/04 23:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/10 04:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/09 18:11 [entrez] AID - S0376-8716(26)00241-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2026.113260 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Drug Alcohol Depend. 2026 Sep 1;286:113260. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2026.113260. Epub 2026 Jul 4. PMID- 42425019 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260822 LR - 20260919 IS - 1879-2219 (Electronic) IS - 0966-6362 (Linking) VI - 130 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Reliability and utility of a novel classification scheme for gait deviations in children with persistent idiopathic toe walking. PG - 110281 LID - S0966-6362(26)00191-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2026.110281 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Neurotypical children in whom toe walking does not resolve spontaneously by school age are considered to have Persistent Idiopathic Toe Walking (ITWp). The Alvarez classification, the only existing tool for classifying ITWp, is imprecise, and external validity has not been established. A comprehensive classification scheme based upon gait deviations in children with ITWp has been developed to facilitate clinical decision making and outcomes assessment. METHODS: A retrospective review was performed of subjects with ITWp, who were evaluated at a tertiary referral center by a standardized protocol including quantitative gait analysis. Sixty-five neurotypical children with ITWp were studied. Pre- and post-operative data were available for 26 of the 65 subjects (52 limbs). Cases were classified using the Alvarez classification and a novel Shriners Children's classification (SC-ITWp). Intra- and inter-observer reliability were determined for the SC-ITWp, as was utility (percentage classifiable) for both Alvarez and SC-ITWp (130 limbs, prior to intervention; 52 limbs following surgery to improve gait). RESULTS: The SC-ITWp exhibited excellent reliability, with intra-rater agreement of 96.7% (weighted kappa = 0.98); and inter-rater agreement of 86.7% (weighted kappa = 0.93). The Alvarez classification exhibited poor utility, failing to classify 59 of 130 limbs (45%) prior to intervention, and 23 of 52 limbs (44%) following surgery. The SC-ITWp exhibited excellent utility, successfully classifying each limb discretely into one category. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The SC-ITWp exhibited excellent reliability and utility in classifying the limbs of children with ITWp prior to interventions and following surgery to improve gait. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Diagnostic, level II. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Childers, Sancy AU - Childers S AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. FAU - Brown, Sean AU - Brown S AD - Research and Movement Laboratory, MultiCare Mary Bridge Children's, Puyallup, WA, USA. FAU - Kephart, Don AU - Kephart D AD - Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA. FAU - Bagley, Anita AU - Bagley A AD - Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shriners Children's Northern California, Sacramento, CA, USA. FAU - Kulkarni, Vedant A AU - Kulkarni VA AD - Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shriners Children's Northern California, Sacramento, CA, USA. FAU - Davids, Jon R AU - Davids JR AD - Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shriners Children's Northern California, Sacramento, CA, USA. Electronic address: jdavids@shrinenet.org. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260708 PL - England TA - Gait Posture JT - Gait & posture JID - 9416830 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Female MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Male MH - *Gait Analysis/methods MH - *Toes/physiopathology MH - *Gait/physiology MH - *Gait Disorders, Neurologic/classification/physiopathology/diagnosis MH - Adolescent MH - Observer Variation OTO - NOTNLM OT - Classification OT - Gait analysis OT - Idiopathic toe walking COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Vedant Kulkarni reports a relationship with OrthoPediatrics Corp that includes: consulting or advisory. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/07/10 00:36 MHDA- 2026/08/22 23:43 CRDT- 2026/07/09 18:10 PHST- 2026/02/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/22 23:43 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/10 00:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/09 18:10 [entrez] AID - S0966-6362(26)00191-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2026.110281 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Gait Posture. 2026 Oct;130:110281. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2026.110281. Epub 2026 Jul 8. PMID- 42424543 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260710 LR - 20260813 IS - 1751-7893 (Electronic) IS - 1751-7885 (Print) IS - 1751-7885 (Linking) VI - 20 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul TI - A Randomised Feasibility Trial of a Service-Coordinated Exercise Intervention in First-Episode Psychosis: Challenges in Implementation and Outcome Assessment. PG - e70193 LID - 10.1111/eip.70193 [doi] LID - e70193 AB - BACKGROUND: Psychosis is increasingly recognised as a systemic disorder characterised by interrelated metabolic dysfunction, chronic low-grade inflammation and sedentary lifestyles. Physical exercise is a promising intervention to address this triad. This pilot study investigated the feasibility and systemic impact of a pragmatic exercise intervention within a first-episode psychosis (FEP) service. METHODS: We conducted a parallel-group randomised controlled trial involving people with FEP, comparing an 8-week structured aerobic and resistance training programme to Treatment As Usual. We assessed feasibility of the intervention and assessments by measuring recruitment, attendance, retention, and engagement with assessments. Exploratory outcome measures spanned physical fitness, metabolic health, psychometric scales and the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) cognitive battery. RESULTS: The study recruited 40 participants, 19 in the intervention and 21 in the control group. At baseline assessment, 23 of 38 had an elevated BMI and 24 of 35 had elevated cholesterol. Study retention was adequate, with only four participants (10%) lost to follow up. However, the assessment battery was poorly completed, highlighting its infeasibility. Fitness outcomes proved especially challenging, with between 11 and 13 participants (27.5% to 32.5%) completing both baseline and endpoint assessments. Of the 19 people recruited to the intervention arm, 7 (36.8%) attended less than half of the 8 sessions. Outcome data were limited by substantial missingness, with no consistent pattern of benefit or harm observed across domains. CONCLUSIONS: Implementing exercise within real-world FEP services is challenging as indicated by the attrition observed in our study. Future research should individualise exercise prescription and minimise participant assessment burden to mitigate attrition. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Early Intervention in Psychiatry published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd. FAU - O'Mahony, Brian W AU - O'Mahony BW AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1530-0167 AD - UCD Centre for Psychosis Research, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. FAU - Wycherley, Elizabeth AU - Wycherley E AD - RISE, Blackrock Hall Primary Care Centre, Cork, Ireland. FAU - Daly, Karen AU - Daly K AD - RISE, Blackrock Hall Primary Care Centre, Cork, Ireland. FAU - Cowman, Meghan AU - Cowman M AD - RISE, Blackrock Hall Primary Care Centre, Cork, Ireland. FAU - Lonergan, Edgar AU - Lonergan E AD - RISE, Blackrock Hall Primary Care Centre, Cork, Ireland. FAU - Owens, Abigale AU - Owens A AD - RISE, Blackrock Hall Primary Care Centre, Cork, Ireland. FAU - O'Mahony, Karen AU - O'Mahony K AD - RISE, Blackrock Hall Primary Care Centre, Cork, Ireland. FAU - O'Donoghue, Brian AU - O'Donoghue B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6240-6952 AD - UCD Centre for Psychosis Research, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. AD - Department of Psychiatry, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland. FAU - Clarke, Gerard AU - Clarke G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9771-3979 AD - Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland. AD - APC Microbiome Ireland, Biosciences Research Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland. FAU - O'Connor, Karen AU - O'Connor K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0696-8576 AD - RISE, Blackrock Hall Primary Care Centre, Cork, Ireland. AD - Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland. LA - eng GR - ICAT-2022-001/HRBI_/Health Research Board/Ireland PT - Journal Article PT - Pragmatic Clinical Trial PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PL - Australia TA - Early Interv Psychiatry JT - Early intervention in psychiatry JID - 101320027 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Psychotic Disorders/therapy/psychology MH - Female MH - Feasibility Studies MH - Male MH - Adult MH - Pilot Projects MH - *Exercise Therapy/methods MH - Young Adult MH - *Outcome Assessment, Health Care MH - *Exercise MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13349341 OTO - NOTNLM OT - attrition OT - exercise OT - feasibility OT - first-episode psychosis OT - metabolic health OT - physical health COIS- G.C. received honoraria from Janssen, Heel Pharmaceuticals, Probi, Boehringer Ingelheim and Apsen as an invited speaker; and research funding from Pharmavite, Reckitt, Tate and Lyle, Nestle and Fonterra. G.C. is or has been a paid consultant for Heel Pharmaceuticals, Bayer Healthcare, Yakult and Zentiva. All other authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/09 22:36 MHDA- 2026/07/10 12:45 PMCR- 2026/07/09 CRDT- 2026/07/09 15:23 PHST- 2026/06/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/10 12:45 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/09 22:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/09 15:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - EIP70193 [pii] AID - 10.1111/eip.70193 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Early Interv Psychiatry. 2026 Jul;20(7):e70193. doi: 10.1111/eip.70193. PMID- 42423536 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260928 LR - 20260929 IS - 2198-3844 (Electronic) IS - 2198-3844 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 54 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Frequent Sweetened Beverage Consumption Is Associated With Accelerated Biological Aging: Evidence From a Population-Based Study and Gut Microbiota Analysis. PG - e76460 LID - 10.1002/advs.76460 [doi] LID - e76460 AB - Although substantial evidence links sweetened beverage (SB) intake to chronic diseases, its association with biological aging and underlying mechanisms remains unclear. This population-based study included 9104 adults aged 18-80 years from the WELL-China cohort. SB consumption was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Biological age and biological age acceleration (BAacc) were estimated using the Klemera and Doubal method (KDM). After multivariable adjustment, frequent SB consumption was significantly associated with accelerated KDM-derived BAacc, compared with non-consumers (beta = 0.29 years, 95% CI: 0.06-0.52). This association was stronger among participants younger than 55 years (P for interaction < 0.05). Gut microbiota was profiled using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. We identified 10 genera significantly associated with the frequent SB consumption, and 56 genera significantly associated with BAacc. Notably, five genera (Allisonella, Lactobacillus, Weissella, Lactococcus, and Bacilli_unclassified) were shared between the two analyses and enriched in both frequent SB consumers and individuals with higher BAacc. Frequent SB consumption is associated with accelerated biological aging, especially among adults younger than 55 years. Shared gut microbial signatures associated with both SB intake and BAacc suggest a potential microbiota-related pathway. These findings support reducing SB consumption as a potential strategy for promoting healthy aging. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Advanced Science published by Wiley-VCH GmbH. FAU - Shi, Yuwei AU - Shi Y AD - Department of Endocrinology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Chronic Disease Research Institute, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Li, Xinmei AU - Li X AD - Department of Endocrinology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Chronic Disease Research Institute, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Hao, Yufan AU - Hao Y AD - Department of Endocrinology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Chronic Disease Research Institute, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Wu, Qiaoyu AU - Wu Q AD - Department of Endocrinology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Chronic Disease Research Institute, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Yu, Yuji AU - Yu Y AD - Department of Endocrinology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Chronic Disease Research Institute, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Li, Siyu AU - Li S AD - Department of Endocrinology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Chronic Disease Research Institute, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Xu, Nuo AU - Xu N AD - Department of Endocrinology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Chronic Disease Research Institute, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Wu, Yi-Hsuan AU - Wu YH AD - Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA. FAU - Lee, Eunhye AU - Lee E AD - Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA. FAU - Chang, Chi AU - Chang C AD - Office of Medical Education Research and Development, College of Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA. FAU - Hu, Emily AU - Hu E AD - Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA. FAU - Lu, Ying AU - Lu Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7698-8962 AD - Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA. FAU - Delzell, Elizabeth AU - Delzell E AD - Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA. FAU - Hsing, Ann W AU - Hsing AW AD - Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA. AD - Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA. AD - Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA. FAU - Zhu, Shankuan AU - Zhu S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9509-7364 AD - Department of Endocrinology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Chronic Disease Research Institute, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. LA - eng GR - China Medical Board (CMB)/ GR - 419600-11102/Cyrus Tang Foundation/ GR - 419600-11107/Chou Fund of Zhejiang University Education Foundation/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260709 PL - Germany TA - Adv Sci (Weinh) JT - Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) JID - 101664569 RN - 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 16S) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Gastrointestinal Microbiome/genetics/physiology MH - *Aging/physiology MH - Middle Aged MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Female MH - Male MH - RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics MH - China MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Young Adult MH - *Sugar-Sweetened Beverages/adverse effects MH - Adolescent MH - Cohort Studies MH - *Beverages/adverse effects PMC - PMC13348652 OTO - NOTNLM OT - aging OT - biological age acceleration OT - gut microbiota OT - sweetened beverage COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/09 12:33 MHDA- 2026/09/28 11:38 PMCR- 2026/07/09 CRDT- 2026/07/09 10:23 PHST- 2026/06/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/01/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/28 11:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/09 12:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/09 10:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ADVS76460 [pii] AID - 10.1002/advs.76460 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Adv Sci (Weinh). 2026 Sep;13(54):e76460. doi: 10.1002/advs.76460. Epub 2026 Jul 9. PMID- 42423249 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260715 IS - 1469-7610 (Electronic) IS - 0021-9630 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jul 9 TI - The association between 24-hr movement patterns and self-harm incidence in adolescence. LID - 10.1111/jcpp.70199 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Self-harm is a pressing public health issue, particularly among adolescents. Physical activity is associated with reduced self-harm among youths, but evidence is limited. Most studies rely on self-reported measures and are primarily focused on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), often overlooking the role of light-intensity physical activity (LIPA). To address these gaps, we investigated the prospective associations between accelerometer-measured 24-hr movements and subsequent self-harm in adolescents. METHODS: This prospective cohort investigation analysed 2,016 children from the UK Millennium Cohort Study using data from the age 7 years survey (MCS4) when accelerometers were introduced (mean age = 7.23 years, SD = 0.25). Accelerometer-measured duration of MVPA, LIPA, sedentary behaviour (SB), and sleep were analysed. Self-harm behaviours were assessed via validated self-report questionnaires at ages 14 and 17 years, and subsequently, the associations examined using logistic and compositional data models. RESULTS: Among 2,016 participants (48.6% female), 548 self-harm cases occurred during 18,696 person-years of follow-up, with a median follow-up duration of 8.5 years (cumulative incidence = 27.2%). LIPA was inversely associated with self-harm (OR 0.76, 95% CI: 0.65-0.88). This association was stronger in compositional models (OR 0.23, 95% CI: 0.11-0.47). MVPA showed a significant non-linear, inverted U-shaped association with self-harm (p for non-linearity = .02). The risk peaked at approximately 1.2 hr/day and decreased substantially at levels exceeding 1.7 hr/day, while SB and sleep were not significantly associated with self-harm. Stratified analyses confirmed robustness. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings reveal a pronounced inverse association between LIPA and self-harm, along with a non-linear association for MVPA. These results support 24-hr movement guidelines that emphasise activity transitions over isolated targets and highlight LIPA's role in early prevention strategies. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health. FAU - Huang, Siyi AU - Huang S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9461-2029 AD - Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. AD - Department of Sports Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. FAU - Cui, Jiameng AU - Cui J AD - Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. FAU - He, Qida AU - He Q AD - Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. FAU - Ali, Shahmir H AU - Ali SH AD - Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Wang, Qi AU - Wang Q AD - Department of Data Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. FAU - Thomas, G Neil AU - Thomas GN AD - Department of Applied Health Sciences, College of Medicine and Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK. FAU - Li, Linyan AU - Li L AD - Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. AD - Department of Data Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. LA - eng GR - CityU21607223/Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee, Hong Kong/ GR - 7020097;7030008/City University of Hong Kong/ GR - City University of Hong Kong Institute of Digital Medicine/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260709 PL - England TA - J Child Psychol Psychiatry JT - Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines JID - 0375361 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Millennium Cohort Study OT - Non-suicidal self-harm OT - compositional data analysis OT - light-intensity physical activity OT - youth mental health EDAT- 2026/07/09 13:24 MHDA- 2026/07/09 13:24 CRDT- 2026/07/09 07:52 PHST- 2026/06/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/09 13:24 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/09 13:24 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/09 07:52 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/jcpp.70199 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2026 Jul 9. doi: 10.1111/jcpp.70199. PMID- 42422709 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260709 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Prevalence and factors associated with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in Shanghai, China: an artificial intelligence-assisted screening approach. PG - 1832421 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1832421 [doi] LID - 1832421 AB - OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and major modifiable factors associated with AIS among school students in Shanghai, China, and assess the feasibility and validated accuracy of AI-assisted 3D screening in school health management. METHODS: A multistage stratified cluster sampling design was employed in this cross-sectional study, conducted from July 2024 to June 2025. A structured-light 3D back-scanning AI system was used to screen 5,026 students aged 9-15 years from six schools in five districts of Shanghai. Physical fitness tests and questionnaires were used to collect data on body morphology, posture, physical activity, and lifestyle. Standing full-spine radiography was used as the reference standard for AIS diagnosis, defined as Cobb angle >/=10 degrees . Because radiographic verification was performed for all screen-positive students but only for a random subset of screen-negative students, inverse probability weighting was applied to account for partial verification. RESULTS: Among the 5,026 screened students, 160 AIS cases were confirmed among 185 rescreen-positive students, and 2 additional AIS cases were identified among 300 randomly verified screen-negative students. The crude radiographically confirmed detection rate was 3.2% (162/5,026), and the IPW-adjusted estimated population prevalence was 3.8%. Thoracic curves and Cobb angles of 10 degrees - < 20 degrees were most common. Girls and middle school students had higher crude radiographic detection rates than boys and primary school students, respectively. Multivariable binary logistic regression identified female sex, improper sitting posture among girls, very low post-exercise fatigue among boys, and frequent one-sided exertion sports as factors associated with screening-detected AIS, whereas higher BMI, balanced walking posture, and satisfactory sleep quality showed protective associations. The AI-assisted structured-light screening workflow showed IPW-adjusted sensitivity of 0.832, specificity of 0.995, PPV of 0.865, NPV of 0.993, and overall accuracy of 0.989. CONCLUSION: AIS represents a non-negligible spinal health burden among school students in Shanghai. Most factors associated with AIS are modifiable. The AI-assisted structured-light screening workflow demonstrated acceptable diagnostic accuracy and promising feasibility for large-scale school-based health screening and management integration. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Cao, Li, Zhang, Gu, Zheng, Li, Liu, Feng, Yang, Zhang, Xie, Yu, Wu and Xia. FAU - Cao, Yuanyuan AU - Cao Y AD - School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China. FAU - Li, Fangfang AU - Li F AD - School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China. FAU - Zhang, Yong AU - Zhang Y AD - Education Bureau of Baoshan District, Shanghai, China. FAU - Gu, Wenwen AU - Gu W AD - School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China. FAU - Zheng, Xinfeng AU - Zheng X AD - Department of Spine Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Li, Meng AU - Li M AD - Dongciyuan Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China. FAU - Liu, Xu AU - Liu X AD - School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China. FAU - Feng, Mengjia AU - Feng M AD - School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China. FAU - Yang, Xilin AU - Yang X AD - School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China. FAU - Zhang, Yulu AU - Zhang Y AD - School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China. FAU - Xie, Shu AU - Xie S AD - School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China. FAU - Yu, Lijuan AU - Yu L AD - School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China. FAU - Wu, Weibing AU - Wu W AD - School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China. FAU - Xia, Jun AU - Xia J AD - School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260624 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Scoliosis/epidemiology/diagnosis MH - Female MH - Male MH - China/epidemiology MH - Adolescent MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Prevalence MH - Child MH - *Mass Screening/methods MH - *Artificial Intelligence MH - Risk Factors MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Intelligent Systems PMC - PMC13344153 OTO - NOTNLM OT - 3D camera OT - AI-assisted screening OT - adolescent idiopathic scoliosis OT - machine learning OT - prevalence OT - risk factors COIS- ML was employed by Dongciyuan Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd. The remaining author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/09 06:32 MHDA- 2026/07/09 06:33 PMCR- 2026/06/24 CRDT- 2026/07/09 04:46 PHST- 2026/03/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/09 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/09 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/09 04:46 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1832421 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2026 Jun 24;14:1832421. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1832421. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42422693 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260709 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Association between physical activity and mental health among Yi students aged 10-18 years in Southwest China: a school-based cross-sectional study. PG - 1878144 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1878144 [doi] LID - 1878144 AB - BACKGROUND: Physical activity is a modifiable behavior that may contribute to youth mental health, yet evidence from ethnic minority school populations in Southwest China remains limited. METHODS: This school-based cross-sectional study analyzed questionnaire data from 671 Yi students aged 10-18 years. Physical activity was assessed using an 8-item PAQ-like measure. Mental health was operationalized through three adverse domains: anxiety, loneliness, and social anxiety. Age, sex, and school stage were included as covariates. Psychometric performance was examined using Cronbach's alpha, the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin statistic, and Bartlett's test of sphericity. Primary associations were estimated with ordinary least squares regression using HC3 robust standard errors, followed by sex- and stage-stratified models, PAQ tertile analyses, linear trend tests, strict complete-item sensitivity analyses, and exploratory parenting extension models. RESULTS: The final sample included 379 girls and 292 boys with a mean age of 13.87 years. Reliability was acceptable to excellent across the four core scales (alpha = 0.709-0.938), and factorability indices supported the use of scores in this sample. Physical activity was inversely correlated with loneliness (r = -0.114, p = 0.003), but not with anxiety or social anxiety. After adjustment, higher physical activity remained associated with lower loneliness (B = -2.13, 95% CI -3.40 to -0.85, p = 0.001), whereas associations with anxiety and social anxiety were not significant. Follow-up analyses showed that the inverse PAQ-loneliness association was more evident among boys and among upper primary and junior secondary students, and the loneliness gradient across PAQ tertiles was statistically significant. In exploratory contextual models, the PAQ coefficient attenuated after father- and mother-related parenting composites were added, while father support and father harsh control showed clear associations with loneliness. CONCLUSION: In this minority school sample, the mental health pattern associated with physical activity was selective rather than global. Higher physical activity was most consistently linked to lower loneliness, while its associations with anxiety and social anxiety were not robust. These findings support a more contextualized public health interpretation of youth physical activity, in which relational connectedness and family climate may shape psychological benefits. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Shao, Zhang, Li and Wang. FAU - Shao, Qingju AU - Shao Q AD - School of Physical Education, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China. FAU - Zhang, Xiaolin AU - Zhang X AD - School of Physical Education, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China. FAU - Li, Xuefang AU - Li X AD - School of Marxism, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Wang, Jiaheng AU - Wang J AD - School of Physical Education, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260624 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adolescent MH - China/epidemiology MH - Child MH - *Mental Health/statistics & numerical data/ethnology MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - Loneliness/psychology MH - *Students/psychology/statistics & numerical data MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Anxiety/epidemiology MH - Schools PMC - PMC13342181 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Yi students OT - loneliness OT - mental health OT - physical activity OT - school health OT - social anxiety COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/09 06:33 MHDA- 2026/07/09 06:34 PMCR- 2026/06/24 CRDT- 2026/07/09 04:46 PHST- 2026/05/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/09 06:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/09 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/09 04:46 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1878144 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2026 Jun 24;14:1878144. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1878144. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42422684 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260709 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Physical activity, dietary habits, screen time, and sleep duration among Saudi male adolescent athletes and non-athletes: a cross-sectional study. PG - 1871762 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1871762 [doi] LID - 1871762 AB - BACKGROUND: Adolescence represents a pivotal stage for the development of lifelong health behaviors. In Saudi Arabia, rising obesity and sedentary lifestyles among youth represent growing public health challenges. While organized sports may positively influence lifestyle behaviors, evidence comparing Saudi adolescent athletes and non-athletes across multiple behavioral domains remains limited. PURPOSE: To compare lifestyle habits, including physical activity levels, sedentary behaviors, dietary practices, and sleep duration, between Saudi male adolescent athletes and non-athletes. METHOD: A cross-sectional study of 124 male high school students aged 16-17 years (70 athletes, 54 non-athletes) from Riyadh used a validated 47-item Arab Teen Lifestyle Study (ATLS) questionnaire. Physical activity was measured in METs-minutes per week. Chi-square tests, independent t-tests, and multiple linear regression were applied. RESULT: Athletes exhibited significantly higher physical activity levels (98.6% meeting guidelines compared to 55.6% of non-athletes; p < 0.001) and lower BMI (23.64 +/- 5.39 versus 29.69 +/- 8.34 kg/m(2); p < 0.001). Additionally, a greater proportion of athletes reported consuming fruit on five or more days per week (54.3% versus 33.3%; chi(2) = 8.10, p = 0.017; V = 0.26). Athletes reported shorter average sleep duration (9.06 +/- 3.67 versus 11.28 +/- 3.52 h per day; p = 0.001), although both groups exceeded the minimum recommended 8 h. No significant difference was observed between groups in daily screen time (4.04 +/- 2.63 versus 4.44 +/- 3.08 h; p = 0.44). In an exploratory regression model, frequency of energy drink consumption emerged as the only significant individual predictor of BMI (B = 4.12, 95% CI: 0.32-7.92; p = 0.034), although the overall model was not statistically significant (R (2) = 0.071; F = 1.26; p = 0.278). CONCLUSION: Participation in organized sports is linked to increased physical activity, lower body mass index, and improved fruit consumption among Saudi male adolescents. However, athletes reported reduced sleep duration, and elevated screen time persisted in both groups. These results support the integration of sports programs into adolescent health strategies and highlight the need for comprehensive interventions that address sleep hygiene, screen time management, and the promotion of physical activity. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Bin Radhyan, Tomar, Bursais and Alaqil. FAU - Bin Radhyan, Fahad AU - Bin Radhyan F AD - Department of Physical Education, College of General Studies, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Tomar, Rakesh AU - Tomar R AD - Department of Physical Education, College of General Studies, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Bursais, Abdulmalek K AU - Bursais AK AD - Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alaqil, Abdulrahman I AU - Alaqil AI AD - Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260624 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - Saudi Arabia MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Sleep Duration MH - *Exercise MH - *Athletes/statistics & numerical data MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - *Screen Time MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Sedentary Behavior MH - *Diet/statistics & numerical data MH - Life Style MH - Body Mass Index MH - *Sleep PMC - PMC13341710 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Saudi Arabia OT - adolescents OT - body mass index OT - dietary habits OT - physical activity OT - sedentary behavior OT - sleep duration COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/09 06:32 MHDA- 2026/07/09 06:33 PMCR- 2026/06/24 CRDT- 2026/07/09 04:46 PHST- 2026/05/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/09 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/09 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/09 04:46 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1871762 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2026 Jun 24;14:1871762. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1871762. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42422420 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260709 LR - 20260813 IS - 1664-2392 (Print) IS - 1664-2392 (Electronic) IS - 1664-2392 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Sex differences in the predictive value of insulin resistance surrogate indicators for prediabetes among Chinese adults aged 18-45 years: a multicenter cohort study. PG - 1872088 LID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1872088 [doi] LID - 1872088 AB - OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the predictive value of four insulin resistance (IR) surrogate indices for incident prediabetes and examine sex-specific disparities in their predictive performance. METHODS: This multicenter retrospective cohort study enrolled 63,795 adults aged 18-45 years (51.2% male) with normoglycemia at baseline from the Rich Healthcare Group Database (2010-2016). Participants were followed for a median of 2.97 years. Cox proportional hazards regression models, restricted cubic spline analyses, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were employed to assess associations and discriminative performance. Statistical analyses were conducted using R software and EmpowerStats. RESULTS: During follow-up, 5,304 (8.31%) participants developed prediabetes, with a significantly higher incidence in men than in women (10.76% vs. 5.74%; p< 0.001). After multivariable adjustment, all four IR indices were independently associated with incident prediabetes. Sex-stratified analyses demonstrated markedly stronger associations in women, particularly for metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) [fully adjusted hazard ratio (HR): 7.82, 95% confidence interval (CI): 5.81-10.51 vs. 1.45, 95% CI: 1.18-1.77 in men]. Triglyceride-glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI) demonstrated the highest predictive accuracy in the overall population [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.6497], and women exhibited superior discriminative performance across all indices compared to men. CONCLUSION: IR surrogate indices demonstrate significantly greater predictive value for prediabetes in young Chinese women than in men, with METS-IR exhibiting the most pronounced sex disparity. These findings support sex-specific risk stratification using routine IR surrogate indices in prediabetes screening. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Chang, Zhang, UmarShinge, Gu, Zhou, Zhang, Zhang, Zhang, Liu and Yang. FAU - Chang, Yafei AU - Chang Y AD - Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. FAU - Zhang, Luming AU - Zhang L AD - Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - UmarShinge, Shafiu Adam AU - UmarShinge SA AD - Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. FAU - Gu, Rui AU - Gu R AD - Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Zhou, Xingchao AU - Zhou X AD - Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Zhang, Qingzhou AU - Zhang Q AD - Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. FAU - Zhang, Xinyi AU - Zhang X AD - Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. FAU - Zhang, Binbin AU - Zhang B AD - Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. FAU - Liu, Jiawei AU - Liu J AD - Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. FAU - Yang, Yanqi AU - Yang Y AD - Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. AD - Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study DEP - 20260624 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) JT - Frontiers in endocrinology JID - 101555782 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Blood Glucose) RN - Chinese people SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Prediabetic State/epidemiology/diagnosis/metabolism MH - Female MH - *Insulin Resistance MH - Male MH - Adult MH - Retrospective Studies MH - China/epidemiology MH - Young Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - Adolescent MH - *Biomarkers MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - Sex Factors MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Blood Glucose/analysis MH - Incidence MH - Sex Characteristics MH - East Asian People PMC - PMC13341433 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Chinese population OT - METS-IR OT - TyG index OT - insulin resistance OT - sex differences COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/09 06:33 MHDA- 2026/07/09 06:34 PMCR- 2026/06/24 CRDT- 2026/07/09 04:42 PHST- 2026/05/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/09 06:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/09 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/09 04:42 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1872088 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2026 Jun 24;17:1872088. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2026.1872088. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42421701 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260709 LR - 20260813 IS - 1664-1078 (Print) IS - 1664-1078 (Electronic) IS - 1664-1078 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Health-related quality of life in children and adolescents with primary hypertension: a hospital-based cross-sectional study. PG - 1763465 LID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1763465 [doi] LID - 1763465 AB - INTRODUCTION: Primary hypertension in childhood is increasingly recognized as an important health issue, but its impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) has not been well studied. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study conducted at the Pediatric Nephrology Department of Ege University Medical Center between June and December 2021, the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) 4.0 was administered face-to-face to 22 children and adolescents with primary hypertension and 31 healthy controls, along with their parents. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 26. RESULTS: A total of 53 children and their parents were included. Compared with healthy controls, the primary hypertension group demonstrated significantly lower parent-reported physical health total scores, parent total PedsQL scores, and child physical health total scores. No statistically significant differences were observed between the groups in several other PedsQL subdomains. No significant differences were found in HRQoL scores according to BMI groups or treatment types. CONCLUSION: Children and adolescents with primary hypertension demonstrated lower health-related quality of life scores, particularly in physical health-related domains, compared with healthy controls. These findings suggest that primary hypertension may be associated with impaired quality of life in pediatric patients. Larger, multicenter, longitudinal studies are needed to validate these results. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Topcak, Bulut Demir, Taner, Tosyali, Keskinoglu, Kabasakal and Kaplan Bulut. FAU - Topcak, Asli Berivan AU - Topcak AB AD - Department of General Pediatrics, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkiye. FAU - Bulut Demir, Melek Hande AU - Bulut Demir MH AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ministry of Health Dr. Behcet Uz Pediatric Diseases and Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkiye. FAU - Taner, Sevgin AU - Taner S AD - Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkiye. FAU - Tosyali, Merve AU - Tosyali M AD - Department of General Pediatrics, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkiye. FAU - Keskinoglu, Ahmet AU - Keskinoglu A AD - Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkiye. FAU - Kabasakal, Caner AU - Kabasakal C AD - Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkiye. FAU - Kaplan Bulut, Ipek AU - Kaplan Bulut I AD - Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260624 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Psychol JT - Frontiers in psychology JID - 101550902 PMC - PMC13341690 OTO - NOTNLM OT - PedsQL OT - adolescents OT - children OT - hypertension OT - quality of life COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/09 10:11 MHDA- 2026/07/09 10:12 PMCR- 2026/06/24 CRDT- 2026/07/09 04:34 PHST- 2025/12/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/09 10:12 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/09 10:11 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/09 04:34 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1763465 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Psychol. 2026 Jun 24;17:1763465. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1763465. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42421482 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260806 LR - 20260826 IS - 1839-2628 (Electronic) IS - 1832-4274 (Linking) VI - 29 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Discrepancies in Crown-Rump Length and Abnormal Cord Insertion as Predictors of Selective Fetal Growth Restriction in Monochorionic Twin Pregnancies. PG - 183-188 LID - 10.1017/thg.2026.10079 [doi] AB - This study aims to explore the significance of discrepancies in crown-rump length (CRL) and abnormal cord insertion in predicting selective fetal growth restriction (sFGR) in monochorionic (MC) twin pregnancies. Special attention was paid to determining the potential value of these factors in early pregnancy for predicting sFGR. A retrospective analysis included 131 pregnant women diagnosed with MC twin pregnancies. CRL was measured using a GE E8 color Doppler ultrasound instrument. Groups were compared based on the discrepancy in CRL (>/=6 mm difference group, n = 26; <6 mm normal group, n = 105) and the presence of abnormal cord insertion (abnormal group, n = 27; normal group, n = 104). The study found no significant association between CRL discrepancy and postnatal birth-weight discordance suggestive of sFGR (p > .05). In contrast, abnormal cord insertion was significantly associated with an increased occurrence of sFGR-related outcome (p < .001). Specifically, sFGR-related outcome occurred in 12 of 27 cases (44.4%) in the abnormal cord insertion group, compared with 7 of 104 cases (6.7%) in the normal cord insertion group. In this retrospective MC twin cohort, abnormal cord insertion was associated with an increased risk of postnatal birth-weight discordance suggestive of sFGR, whereas CRL discrepancy showed limited discriminative ability. Because of the retrospective design, limited number of outcome events, and use of postnatal rather than standardized antenatal Doppler-based sFGR criteria, these findings should be interpreted as exploratory and require validation in larger prospective studies. FAU - Luo, Jing AU - Luo J AD - Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, China. FAU - Xu, Ping AU - Xu P AD - Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, China. FAU - Ai, Lin AU - Ai L AD - Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, China. FAU - Feng, Ying AU - Feng Y AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-8508-0059 AD - Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20260709 PL - England TA - Twin Res Hum Genet JT - Twin research and human genetics : the official journal of the International Society for Twin Studies JID - 101244624 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *Fetal Growth Retardation/diagnostic imaging MH - *Crown-Rump Length MH - *Pregnancy, Twin MH - *Umbilical Cord/diagnostic imaging/abnormalities MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Ultrasonography, Prenatal MH - *Twins, Monozygotic MH - Adult MH - Birth Weight MH - Infant, Newborn OTO - NOTNLM OT - Abnormal cord insertion OT - Crown-Rump Length discrepancy OT - Early pregnancy prediction OT - Monochorionic twins OT - Selective Fetal Growth Restriction EDAT- 2026/07/09 06:32 MHDA- 2026/08/06 12:37 CRDT- 2026/07/09 03:23 PHST- 2026/08/06 12:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/09 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/09 03:23 [entrez] AID - S1832427426100796 [pii] AID - 10.1017/thg.2026.10079 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Twin Res Hum Genet. 2026 Jun;29(3):183-188. doi: 10.1017/thg.2026.10079. Epub 2026 Jul 9. PMID- 42421336 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260727 IS - 1475-2662 (Electronic) IS - 0007-1145 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jul 9 TI - Dietary inflammation during pregnancy and later symptoms of offspring behavioural and emotional problems. PG - 1-10 LID - 10.1017/S0007114526107879 [doi] AB - The maternal diet is believed to influence child neurodevelopment, at least in part, through inflammation, as dietary components can have pro- or anti-inflammatory effects. We examined the association between the energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII) during pregnancy and offspring symptoms of behavioural and emotional problems at 5.5 and 10 years, using data from the French nationwide Etude Longitudinale Francaise depuis l'Enfance/French Longitudinal Study since Childhood (ELFE) birth cohort. Dietary intake during pregnancy was assessed using a validated FFQ, and an E-DII score was generated. Child behavioural and emotional symptoms, including hyperactivity-inattention, conduct, peer-relationship and emotional problems, were evaluated by parents using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire at 5.5 (n 9627) and 10 years (n 8362) for hyperactivity-inattention, conduct, peer-relationship and emotional problems. Children were classified into three categories based on thresholds used to identify clinically relevant symptoms: 'Normal', 'Borderline' and 'Atypical'. Multinomial logistic regression adjusted for potential confounders was used to estimate OR and 95 % CI. An increasing maternal E-DII score during pregnancy was associated with higher odds of offspring classified with atypical hyperactivity-inattention and conduct problem scores at 5.5 and 10 years, atypical peer-relationship problem scores at 10 years and atypical emotional problem scores at 10 years (differentially by sex). A more pro-inflammatory diet during pregnancy was consistently associated with higher odds of symptoms of externalising problems throughout childhood and with internalising problems at 10 years. Future research should explore the mechanisms by which prenatal exposure to maternal diet-induced inflammation may contribute to these outcomes. FAU - Dow, Courtney AU - Dow C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9925-8460 AD - Universite Paris Cite and Universite Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS), Paris, F-75004, France. ROR: https://ror.org/05f82e368 FAU - Delvert, Rosalie AU - Delvert R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1524-8071 AD - Universite Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Sud, Inserm, Equipe d'Epidemiologie respiratorie integrative, CSEP, Villejuif, France. FAU - de Lauzon-Guillain, Blandine AU - de Lauzon-Guillain B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5887-8842 AD - Universite Paris Cite and Universite Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS), Paris, F-75004, France. ROR: https://ror.org/05f82e368 FAU - van der Waerden, Judith AU - van der Waerden J AD - Sorbonne Universite, Inserm, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidemiologie et de Sante Publique (IPLESP), Equipe de Recherche en Epidemiologie Sociale (ERES), Paris, 75012, France. FAU - Davidovic, Laetitia AU - Davidovic L AD - Universite Cote d'Azur, CNRS UMR7275, Inserm U1323, Institut de Pharmacologie Molecularie et Cellulaire, Valbonne, France. FAU - Charles, Marie-Aline AU - Charles MA AD - Universite Paris Cite and Universite Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS), Paris, F-75004, France. ROR: https://ror.org/05f82e368 FAU - Galera, Cedric AU - Galera C AD - University of Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Center, UMR 1219, Bordeaux, France. AD - Centre Hospitalier Charles Perrens, Bordeaux, France. AD - Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment, Montreal, Canada. FAU - Heude, Barbara AU - Heude B AD - Universite Paris Cite and Universite Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS), Paris, F-75004, France. ROR: https://ror.org/05f82e368 LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260709 PL - England TA - Br J Nutr JT - The British journal of nutrition JID - 0372547 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Behavioural problems OT - Dietary inflammatory index OT - Inflammation OT - Life course OT - Pregnancy OT - Prenatal environment EDAT- 2026/07/09 06:33 MHDA- 2026/07/09 06:33 CRDT- 2026/07/09 01:43 PHST- 2026/07/09 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/09 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/09 01:43 [entrez] AID - S0007114526107879 [pii] AID - 10.1017/S0007114526107879 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Br J Nutr. 2026 Jul 9:1-10. doi: 10.1017/S0007114526107879. PMID- 42420938 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261006 LR - 20261008 IS - 1471-2431 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2431 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 8 TI - Reproducibility of an 85-item Child Food Frequency Questionnaire (85-item Child-FFQ) and diet quality scores among Polish children: The cross-sectional PITNUTS 2024 study. LID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07222-6 [doi] LID - 949 AB - BACKGROUND: Early childhood nutrition is crucial for long-term health; however, assessing dietary intake in young children is challenging due to the reliance on parent/caregiver reporting and the need for culturally relevant tools. The aim of this study (the Polish Infant and Toddler Nutrition Study, PITNUTS 2024) was to address this gap by developing and evaluating the reproducibility of a new 85-item Child Food Frequency Questionnaire (85-item Child-FFQ) and associated diet quality scores for Polish children aged 13-72 months. METHODS: A cross-sectional, nationally representative sample of 700 Polish children from two age groups (13-36 and 37-72 months) was recruited, and 100 children were randomly selected from each age group for the reproducibility study. The 85-item Child-FFQ was administered twice to the same parent as a proxy reporter. Three diet quality scores were developed: the children's pro-Healthy Diet Score, the children's non-Healthy Diet Score, the children's Ultra-Processed Food Score. Statistical analyses included comparisons of mean values for food consumption frequency and diet quality scores, cross-classification, kappa statistic, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), Spearman's correlation, and Bland-Altman plots. RESULTS: The 85-item Child-FFQ showed good test-retest reproducibility. Classification agreement for food consumption frequency ranged from 74% to 97% for children aged 13-36 months, and 77% to 95% for children aged 37-72 months. The kappa statistic indicated moderate to excellent agreement between test and retest of the FFQ. Diet quality scores demonstrated high reproducibility, with classification agreement ranging from 77% to 92%, the kappa statistic ranging from 0.62 to 0.86, and good to excellent correlation coefficients (ICC: 0.886-0.950, Spearman's r: 0.889-0.947). The Bland-Altman analysis revealed a small negative shift between test and retest of the diet quality scores and moderately wide limits of agreement. CONCLUSIONS: The newly developed 85-item Child-FFQ is a reliable tool for assessing habitual food consumption frequency and diet quality in Polish children aged 13-72 months. This tool has the potential to help monitor food consumption and diet quality variations over time, though this capacity needs to be validated through future longitudinal studies. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This trial was registered at www. CLINICALTRIALS: gov (NCT06417151, 16th May 2024). CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Sawicki, Michal AU - Sawicki M AD - Nutricia Foundation, 8 Bobrowiecka Street, Warsaw, 00-728, Poland. FAU - Kowalkowska, Joanna AU - Kowalkowska J AD - Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Science, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 45F Sloneczna Street, Olsztyn, 10-718, Poland. joanna.kowalkowska@uwm.edu.pl. FAU - Weker, Halina AU - Weker H AD - Department of Nutrition, Institute of Mother and Child, 17a Kasprzaka Street, Warsaw, 01-211, Poland. FAU - Wadolowska, Lidia AU - Wadolowska L AD - Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Science, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 45F Sloneczna Street, Olsztyn, 10-718, Poland. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT06417151 GR - RG 1/2023/Nutricia Foundation/ PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260708 PL - England TA - BMC Pediatr JT - BMC pediatrics JID - 100967804 SB - IM MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - Male MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Diet MH - *Diet Surveys/methods MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Poland MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Surveys and Questionnaires PMC - PMC13640158 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Diet quality OT - Dietary assessment OT - Dietary pattern OT - Food frequency questionnaire OT - Nutrition OT - Preschoolers OT - Reliability OT - Reproducibility OT - Toddlers OT - Ultra-processed food COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Institute of Mother and Child in Warsaw (ethics approval number: 40/2024). Informed consent was obtained from all parents-proxies involved in the study. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: MS is an employee of the Nutricia Foundation that sponsored this study. EDAT- 2026/07/09 06:32 MHDA- 2026/10/06 05:29 PMCR- 2026/07/08 CRDT- 2026/07/09 00:19 PHST- 2026/02/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/06 05:29 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/09 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/09 00:19 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07222-6 [pii] AID - 7222 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07222-6 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pediatr. 2026 Jul 8;26(1):949. doi: 10.1186/s12887-026-07222-6. PMID- 42420921 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261008 LR - 20261010 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 9 TI - Effectiveness and implementation of an intervention strategy-based health promoting schools framework to reduce idiopathic scoliosis and myopia among children and adolescents in Shanghai, China: study protocol. LID - 10.1186/s12889-026-28184-5 [doi] LID - 2865 AB - BACKGROUND: Idiopathic scoliosis (IS) and myopia have emerged as major public health concerns affecting children and adolescents worldwide, with a confirmed comorbid association. Both conditions share common risk factors, including outdoor activity, sedentary behaviour, screen time, and sleep duration. This protocol describes a study designed to evaluate the effectiveness of the "ATPISM" intervention strategy, which is developed based on the six core characteristics of the Health Promoting School (HPS) framework advocated by the World Health Organization (WHO). Appropriate Techniques for the Prevention of Idiopathic Scoliosis and Myopia (ATPISM) aim to establish a comprehensive preventive intervention strategy against idiopathic scoliosis and myopia within the HPS framework, and to assess and explore the implementation of ATPISM across five dimensions: acceptability, feasibility, adoption, usage, and maintenance. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This is a two-phase hybrid type I effectiveness implementation trial. A 1:1 parallel-group cluster randomized controlled trial will be conducted in 30 schools (15 intervention, 15 control) across three districts in Shanghai, involving approximately 5964 students. The primary outcomes will include differences in IS and myopia screening positivity rates, body composition and behavioral indicators among children and adolescents. Secondary outcomes will assess the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance of the ATPISM intervention using the RE-AIM framework. To account for school clustering effects, mixed-effects models will be developed to compare group differences. Subgroup analyses will be conducted to identify interaction effects (stratification factorxgroup) and examine differences in intervention effects across strata. Additionally, Difference in Differences (DID) analysis will be employed. DISCUSSION: This study is the first to apply the HPS framework for concurrent prevention of IS and myopia in China. The ATPISM strategy, centered on schools and supported by families and communities, is expected to reduce IS and myopia prevalence and improve health behaviors. Findings will provide evidence-based insights for scaling up HPS in China and offer a replicable model for global adolescent health promotion, safeguarding the physical and mental well-being of children and adolescents. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ChiCTR2600117433. Registered January 23, 2026. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Zhang, Tongtong AU - Zhang T AD - Chongming Hospital, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 202150‌, China. AD - Department of Rehabilitation, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China. FAU - Li, Xin AU - Li X AD - Department of Rehabilitation, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China. AD - Children's Rehabilitation Innovation and Transformation Research Center of Yuanshen Rehabilitation Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China. FAU - Liang, Juping AU - Liang J AD - Department of Rehabilitation, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China. FAU - Fan, Qimeng AU - Fan Q AD - Department of Rehabilitation, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China. FAU - Yang, Xiaoyan AU - Yang X AD - Department of Rehabilitation, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China. FAU - Lu, Huan AU - Lu H AD - Shanghai Chongming District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 202162, China. FAU - Yuan, Haiyan AU - Yuan H AD - Chongming Hospital, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 202150‌, China. FAU - Wu, Fan AU - Wu F AD - Department of Rehabilitation, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China. FAU - Huang, Yongfang AU - Huang Y AD - Department of Rehabilitation, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China. FAU - Du, Xueli AU - Du X AD - Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China. dxl0405@163.com. FAU - Du, Qing AU - Du Q AD - Department of Rehabilitation, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China. duqing@xinhuamed.com.cn. AD - Children's Rehabilitation Innovation and Transformation Research Center of Yuanshen Rehabilitation Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China. duqing@xinhuamed.com.cn. LA - eng GR - 202540012/Shanghai Municipal Health Commission Special Clinical Research Program in the Health Sector/ GR - ZKXM2502-03/Think Tank Research Projects of the Institute of Health Governance, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences/ PT - Clinical Trial Protocol PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260709 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Myopia/prevention & control/epidemiology MH - Adolescent MH - China/epidemiology MH - *Scoliosis/prevention & control/epidemiology MH - Child MH - *Health Promotion/organization & administration/methods MH - Female MH - *School Health Services/organization & administration MH - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic MH - Male MH - Program Evaluation PMC - PMC13647753 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Children and adolescents OT - Cluster randomized controlled trial OT - Health Promoting Schools OT - Idiopathic scoliosis OT - Myopia COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the medical ethics committee of Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Chongming Hospital (CMEC-2025-KT-51). This study adhered to ethical standards, obtaining informed consent from both participants and their parents. All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/09 06:32 MHDA- 2026/10/08 05:31 PMCR- 2026/07/09 CRDT- 2026/07/09 00:18 PHST- 2026/01/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/08 05:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/09 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/09 00:18 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-28184-5 [pii] AID - 28184 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-28184-5 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2026 Jul 9;26(1):2865. doi: 10.1186/s12889-026-28184-5. PMID- 42420888 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261002 LR - 20261004 IS - 1471-2334 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2334 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 8 TI - Diagnostic accuracy of the Fujifilm SILVAMP TB LAM II (FujiLAM II) assay for the diagnosis of childhood tuberculosis. LID - 10.1186/s12879-026-13992-2 [doi] LID - 1760 AB - BACKGROUND: Point-of-care tests (POCTs) are urgently needed to improve tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis in children. This study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of the Fujifilm SILVAMP TB LAM II (FujiLAM II) assay for childhood TB diagnosis. METHODS: Spot urine samples were collected from children with TB (either bacteriologically confirmed or clinically diagnosed) and from healthy controls, then tested using FujiLAM II. Sensitivity was assessed against microbiological and clinical reference standards, while specificity was determined against healthy controls. RESULTS: Of 137 participants, 87 had TB and 50 were controls. FujiLAM II showed overall sensitivity of 17.2%, higher in bacteriologically confirmed cases (36.8%) than in clinically diagnosed cases (11.8%). Sensitivity was better in children under five (27.9%), HIV-positive children (25.0%), and underweight or stunted children (24.0%). Specificity was 100%. In the subgroup of 66 children tested with both assays, detection rates did not differ significantly (28.8% vs. 22.7%). When results from either test were considered positive, the detection rate increased to 40.9%, representing a 12.1% improvement over Xpert Ultra alone. CONCLUSION: FujiLAM II shows suboptimal sensitivity for childhood TB diagnosis, with better sensitivity in children under five years, HIV-positive, or malnourished, and may add value to current diagnostic algorithms. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Ayalew, Sosina AU - Ayalew S AD - Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. absosina2011@gmail.com. AD - Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia. absosina2011@gmail.com. FAU - Wegayehu, Teklu AU - Wegayehu T AD - Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia. FAU - Neway, Sebsib AU - Neway S AD - Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Adere, Tsion Seifu AU - Adere TS AD - Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Tesfaye, Woinishet AU - Tesfaye W AD - Kidus Petros Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Berihun, Awokech AU - Berihun A AD - St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Wondale, Biniam AU - Wondale B AD - Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia. FAU - Piantadosi, Anne AU - Piantadosi A AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pathology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA. FAU - Tessema, Bamlak AU - Tessema B AD - Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Mihret, Adane AU - Mihret A AD - Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. LA - eng PT - Evaluation Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260708 PL - England TA - BMC Infect Dis JT - BMC infectious diseases JID - 100968551 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Sensitivity and Specificity MH - Child, Preschool MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Tuberculosis/diagnosis/urine/microbiology MH - Child MH - Infant MH - *Mycobacterium tuberculosis/isolation & purification/genetics MH - Rapid Diagnostic Tests MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13632158 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Childhood TB OT - FujiLAM II OT - Point-of-care tests COIS- Declarations. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/09 06:32 MHDA- 2026/10/03 08:38 PMCR- 2026/07/08 CRDT- 2026/07/09 00:16 PHST- 2026/01/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/03 08:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/09 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/09 00:16 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12879-026-13992-2 [pii] AID - 13992 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12879-026-13992-2 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Infect Dis. 2026 Jul 8;26(1):1760. doi: 10.1186/s12879-026-13992-2. PMID- 42419862 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260708 LR - 20260813 IS - 2632-1009 (Electronic) IS - 2632-1009 (Linking) VI - 33 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 8 TI - Explainable machine learning revealing the impact of mental and physical health on arthritis. LID - 10.1136/bmjhci-2025-101955 [doi] LID - e101955 AB - OBJECTIVES: To develop a robust and interpretable machine learning framework for arthritis risk prediction and to identify important risk factors associated with the disease. METHODS: This study used four datasets, which are Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) 2019, BRFSS 2021, National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) 2020 and NHIS 2022. We evaluated 11 machine learning and deep learning architectures including a custom stacked ensemble combined with five resampling techniques to address class imbalance and 9 imputation methods to handle missing data. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), sensitivity, specificity and balanced accuracy are used to evaluate model performance, with fivefold cross-validation to ensure robustness. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) provided feature interpretability in prediction. RESULTS: The combination of the stacked ensemble, Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) imputation and random undersampling (RUS) achieved the best performance with an AUROC of 0.8007 and sensitivity of 0.8060 in the test set of BRFSS 2019. This combination also showed a balanced performance across both subgroups of male and female by maintaining high performance with AUROC of 0.808 and 0.800, respectively, in the test set of BRFSS 2021. The stacked ensemble model with GAN imputation and either Random Undersampling (RUS) or Random Oversampling (ROS) achieved the best performance across all four datasets. SHAP analysis identified higher age, walking difficulty and high body mass index (BMI) as the top physical factors. Among the psychosocial factors, parental separation showed a high impact on predicting arthritis. DISCUSSION: The risk of arthritis is influenced by health, lifestyle and childhood experiences. SHAP shows that difficulty walking, age, BMI and childhood stress play important roles in predicting arthritis risk. CONCLUSION: These results confirm important predictors of arthritis risk and provide a clear, interpretable framework. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ Group. FAU - Shams, Md Atik AU - Shams MA AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-9984-058X AD - Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Notre Dame University Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh. AD - Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Fatema, Sumaiya AU - Fatema S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-5662-314X AD - Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Hasibul Islam, D M AU - Hasibul Islam DM AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-0135-3169 AD - Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Datta, Anindita AU - Datta A AD - Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA. FAU - Eisenberg, David AU - Eisenberg D AD - Department of Information Management and Business Analytics, Montclair State University, Montclair, New Jersey, USA. FAU - Tasaouf Mridula, Danastan AU - Tasaouf Mridula D AD - Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Northern University Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Mawa, Junnatul AU - Mawa J AD - Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Sultana, Asma AU - Sultana A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-5306-5505 AD - Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Ahmed, Nafiya AU - Ahmed N AD - Department of Computer Science, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Islam, Monowarul AU - Islam M AD - Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia District, Bangladesh. FAU - Pias, Tanmoy Sarkar AU - Pias TS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7325-9844 AD - Stanford Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA tspias@stanford.edu. AD - Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260708 PL - England TA - BMJ Health Care Inform JT - BMJ health & care informatics JID - 101745500 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Arthritis/epidemiology MH - *Machine Learning MH - Female MH - Risk Factors MH - Predictive Learning Models MH - *Mental Health MH - Male MH - *Health Status MH - Generative Adversarial Networks MH - Prediction Algorithms PMC - PMC13347896 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Artificial intelligence OT - BMJ Health Informatics OT - Public health informatics COIS- Competing interests: None declared. EDAT- 2026/07/09 04:10 MHDA- 2026/07/09 04:11 PMCR- 2026/07/08 CRDT- 2026/07/08 21:02 PHST- 2025/12/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/09 04:11 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/09 04:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/08 21:02 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjhci-2025-101955 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjhci-2025-101955 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Health Care Inform. 2026 Jul 8;33(1):e101955. doi: 10.1136/bmjhci-2025-101955. PMID- 42419449 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260716 IS - 1531-5037 (Electronic) IS - 0022-3468 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jul 8 TI - Assessing pediatric frailty: Use of the surgical complication index for pediatric patients (SCIPP) score to predict adverse outcomes following thoracic surgery. PG - 163288 LID - S0022-3468(26)00370-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2026.163288 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: The Surgical Complication Index for Pediatric Patients (SCIPP) score, validated for use in pediatric neurosurgery, assesses seven components of frailty for a composite score: independence in performing activities of daily living (ADLs), autonomic function, body mass index (BMI), continence, previous admissions, mobility, and polypharmacy, while a reduced SCIPP score utilizes ADLs, autonomic function, and polypharmacy components. This study aimed to understand the predictive performance of full and reduced SCIPP score in children undergoing thoracic operations. METHODS: A single-center retrospective review of patients age 2-18 years undergoing thoracic surgery from 2020 to 2025 was conducted, excluding patients with missing components of SCIPP score. Full and reduced SCIPP scores were calculated. Operative details and postoperative outcomes with 1-month follow-up were collected. Multiple logistic regression assessed the association between SCIPP scores, complications, and length of stay (LOS). RESULTS: We included 317 patients. SCIPP scores were 0-1 in 70.7%, 2-3 in 18.0%, and 4+ in 11.4%. Logistic regression found that for every 1-point increase in full and reduced SCIPP scores, patients were 2.19 and 3.24 times more likely to have any complication, respectively (p < 0.001). LOS increased by 26% for each point greater in full SCIPP score and 44% for reduced SCIPP score (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The SCIPP score, a composite pediatric frailty index, can predict a patient's risk of complications and likelihood of increased LOS following thoracic surgery. There is a role for SCIPP score utilization, particularly the reduced score, in the preoperative setting to optimize parental counseling, risk assessment, and determination of prehabilitation needs. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Vincent, Sage A AU - Vincent SA AD - Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Colorado, 13123 E 16th Ave B323, Aurora CO, 80045, USA. Electronic address: Sage.Vincent@cuanschutz.edu. FAU - Easwaran, Lavanya AU - Easwaran L AD - Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Colorado, 13123 E 16th Ave B323, Aurora CO, 80045, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, 13123 E 16th Avenue, Aurora CO 80045, USA. FAU - Tong, Suhong AU - Tong S AD - Research Outcomes in Children's Surgery, Center for Children's Surgery, Children's Hospital Colorado, 13123 E 16th Ave, Aurora CO 80045, USA. FAU - Diaz-Miron, Jose AU - Diaz-Miron J AD - Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Colorado, 13123 E 16th Ave B323, Aurora CO, 80045, USA. FAU - Khurana, Eeshan AU - Khurana E AD - Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, 1025 Walnut St, Suite 100, Philadelphia PA 19107, USA. FAU - Mazzola, Catherine A AU - Mazzola CA AD - New Jersey Pediatric Neuroscience Institute, 131 Madison Ave, Morristown NJ 07960, USA. FAU - Acker, Shannon N AU - Acker SN AD - Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Colorado, 13123 E 16th Ave B323, Aurora CO, 80045, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260708 PL - United States TA - J Pediatr Surg JT - Journal of pediatric surgery JID - 0052631 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Complications OT - Frailty OT - Frailty score OT - Length of stay OT - Thoracic surgery COIS- Conflicts of interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Jose Diaz-Miron reports a relationship with MedCore Technologies Corporation that includes: consulting or advisory. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/07/09 04:10 MHDA- 2026/07/09 04:10 CRDT- 2026/07/08 19:11 PHST- 2026/03/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/09 04:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/09 04:10 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/08 19:11 [entrez] AID - S0022-3468(26)00370-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2026.163288 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - J Pediatr Surg. 2026 Jul 8:163288. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2026.163288. PMID- 42419373 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260821 LR - 20260821 IS - 1439-1899 (Electronic) IS - 0174-304X (Linking) VI - 57 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Primary Headache in Children: Clinical Characteristics and Impact on School Functioning in a Low-Resource Country. PG - 280-285 LID - 10.1055/a-2886-4833 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Primary headaches in children impair daily functioning, yet data from Jordan, particularly regarding their effect on school functioning, have not been systematically evaluated. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to assess the clinical characteristics of pediatric primary headaches in central Jordan and their association with school functioning. METHODS: A cross-sectional study included children aged 5 to 18 years diagnosed with primary headaches at three public hospitals. Data were collected using a structured, culturally adapted questionnaire incorporating items from the validated Arabic PedsQL 4.0 school-functioning scale. Descriptive, univariable, and multivariable analyses were performed to identify factors associated with impaired school functioning. RESULTS: A total of 147 children were included (51% male; 61.2% aged 10-14 years). Migraine was most common (60.5%), followed by tension-type headache (23.8%). Common triggers included stress, noise, and sleep disturbance. Unfavorable lifestyle factors-increased screen time, skipped meals, low hydration, and limited physical activity-were prevalent. More than 92% of participants had impairment in at least one school-functioning domain. Poor academic performance and lower parental education were significantly associated with lower scores. In multivariable analysis, poorer academic performance and lower paternal education remained independently associated with worse school-functioning scores, whereas headache type and frequency were not significant predictors. Most patients used simple analgesics (paracetamol in 93%), whereas migraine-specific rescue medications and preventive therapies were rarely used. CONCLUSION: Primary headaches in children are associated with substantial impairment in school functioning. Educational and family-related factors appear more influential than headache-specific variables. Addressing modifiable lifestyle and contextual factors may improve outcomes. CI - Thieme. All rights reserved. FAU - Abu Libdeh, Amal AU - Abu Libdeh A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5409-0230 AD - The University of Jordan, School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Jordan, Amman. FAU - Alsubehat, Lara AU - Alsubehat L AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-3621-3971 AD - Al-Balqa Applied University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Jordan, As-Salt. FAU - Tabbalat, Nada AU - Tabbalat N AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-6376-8131 AD - Al-Balqa Applied University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Jordan, As-Salt. FAU - Mraish, Shahed AU - Mraish S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-9804-9845 AD - Al-Balqa Applied University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Jordan, As-Salt. FAU - Al-Nawaiseh, Noura AU - Al-Nawaiseh N AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-7756-2548 AD - Al-Balqa Applied University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Jordan, As-Salt. FAU - Arabiyat, Nadine AU - Arabiyat N AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-2397-3178 AD - Al-Balqa Applied University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Jordan, As-Salt. FAU - Elayyan, Mustafa AU - Elayyan M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-2465-4436 AD - Al-Balqa Applied University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Jordan, As-Salt. FAU - Al-Daraghmeh, Mohammad AU - Al-Daraghmeh M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-0316-0192 AD - Al-Balqa Applied University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Jordan, As-Salt. FAU - Hussein, Hani AU - Hussein H AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-8108-8025 AD - Al-Balqa Applied University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Jordan, As-Salt. FAU - Deameh, Mohammad AU - Deameh M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-6197-3273 AD - Al-Balqa Applied University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Jordan, As-Salt. FAU - Alshadfan, Lina AU - Alshadfan L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4832-5149 AD - Al-Balqa Applied University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Jordan, As-Salt. FAU - Masri, Amira AU - Masri A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6103-8713 AD - The University of Jordan, School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Jordan, Amman. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260708 PL - Germany TA - Neuropediatrics JT - Neuropediatrics JID - 8101187 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Male MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Jordan/epidemiology MH - Adolescent MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Migraine Disorders/epidemiology MH - *Tension-Type Headache/epidemiology MH - *Academic Performance MH - Developing Countries COIS- The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/09 00:40 MHDA- 2026/08/21 23:37 CRDT- 2026/07/08 19:03 PHST- 2026/08/21 23:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/09 00:40 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/08 19:03 [entrez] AID - 10.1055/a-2886-4833 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Neuropediatrics. 2026 Aug;57(4):280-285. doi: 10.1055/a-2886-4833. Epub 2026 Jul 8. PMID- 42419163 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260812 LR - 20260812 IS - 1873-3360 (Electronic) IS - 0306-4530 (Linking) VI - 192 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Beyond a simple marker of stress: A multiverse analysis of biopsychosocial associations with hair cortisol and cortisone. PG - 107953 LID - S0306-4530(26)00213-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2026.107953 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Hair concentrations of cortisol and cortisone are increasingly used as potential biomarkers of chronic stress. However, their validity as indicators of psychosocial stress remains debated, as prior research shows variable associations with stress-related psychological and behavioral factors. This study systematically investigates a broad set of biopsychosocial correlates of hair glucocorticoids in young adults, leveraging a multiverse framework to evaluate the robustness of associations often reported as variable in prior work. METHODS: Using data from the Zurich Project on the Social Development from Childhood to Adulthood, a large community-based age cohort, we employed a multiverse analysis to explore relationships between more than 60 biological, psychological, and contextual variables and three hair-based outcomes (cortisol, cortisone, and a combined score of both) at ages 20 (n = 1,002) and 24 (n = 887). Specification curve analyses were performed on the full sample and separately by sex, systematically varying model choices (i.e., inclusion/exclusion of covariates). RESULTS: Hair characteristics (i.e., color, washing intensity, chemical treatment), sampling season, body mass index, and, among women, hormonal contraception, showed strong associations with glucocorticoids and were included as covariates. Sweating intensity was associated with glucocorticoids primarily in females, but not in males. Hair concentrations of drugs (i.e., Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol, cocaine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine [MDMA, "Ecstasy"], paracetamol) and the hormone testosterone were consistently linked to steroid outcomes. Several psychosocial factors were associated with hair glucocorticoids: migration background, perceived stress, symptoms of anxiety/depression, sports activity, and social exclusion. These factors exhibited stronger correlations with cortisol, while media use, aggression, and effective coping were more closely associated with cortisone. The combined steroid score mainly reflected associations detected for cortisol, but with weaker effect sizes. Associations varied descriptively by age and sex, with more associations detected in males at age 20 and in females at age 24. CONCLUSION: In cohort studies, corticosteroids in hair can reflect specific facets of psychosocial stress when critical confounders and sex are considered. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Janousch, Clarissa AU - Janousch C AD - Experimental Pharmacopsychology and Psychological Addiction Research, Department of Adult Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Jacobs Center for Productive Youth Development, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: clarissa.janousch@ki.se. FAU - Eggenberger, Lukas AU - Eggenberger L AD - Experimental Pharmacopsychology and Psychological Addiction Research, Department of Adult Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Jacobs Center for Productive Youth Development, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Johnson-Ferguson, Lydia AU - Johnson-Ferguson L AD - Experimental Pharmacopsychology and Psychological Addiction Research, Department of Adult Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Jacobs Center for Productive Youth Development, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Suchtfachstelle Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Voegel, Clarissa D AU - Voegel CD AD - Center for Forensic Hair Analytics, Zurich Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Baumgartner, Markus R AU - Baumgartner MR AD - Center for Forensic Hair Analytics, Zurich Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Ribeaud, Denis AU - Ribeaud D AD - Jacobs Center for Productive Youth Development, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Eisner, Manuel AU - Eisner M AD - Jacobs Center for Productive Youth Development, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Institute of Criminology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom. FAU - Binz, Tina M AU - Binz TM AD - Center for Forensic Hair Analytics, Zurich Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Shanahan, Lilly AU - Shanahan L AD - Jacobs Center for Productive Youth Development, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Institute of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Quednow, Boris B AU - Quednow BB AD - Experimental Pharmacopsychology and Psychological Addiction Research, Department of Adult Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Jacobs Center for Productive Youth Development, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260703 PL - England TA - Psychoneuroendocrinology JT - Psychoneuroendocrinology JID - 7612148 RN - V27W9254FZ (Cortisone) RN - WI4X0X7BPJ (Hydrocortisone) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Glucocorticoids) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Cortisone/analysis/metabolism MH - Female MH - *Hair/chemistry MH - *Hydrocortisone/analysis/metabolism MH - Male MH - *Stress, Psychological/metabolism MH - Biomarkers/analysis MH - Young Adult MH - Cohort Studies MH - Glucocorticoids/analysis MH - Adult OTO - NOTNLM OT - Allostatic load OT - Deep phenotyping OT - Glucocorticoids OT - Hair cortisol OT - Inflammation OT - Specification curve analysis COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/07/09 04:10 MHDA- 2026/08/12 23:34 CRDT- 2026/07/08 18:09 PHST- 2026/01/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/12 23:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/09 04:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/08 18:09 [entrez] AID - S0306-4530(26)00213-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2026.107953 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2026 Oct;192:107953. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2026.107953. Epub 2026 Jul 3. PMID- 42418464 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260708 LR - 20260813 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 7 DP - 2026 TI - Development and psychometric evaluation of the Spanish Cooking Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (SCSEQ) for Spanish University Students. PG - e0352758 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0352758 [doi] LID - e0352758 AB - The transition to university is a critical life stage characterized by increased autonomy, identity exploration, and new social and environmental influences. During this period, university students often exhibit low adherence to dietary guidelines. Among the determinants influencing healthy eating, cooking self-efficacy, the central construct of Social Cognitive Theory (SCT), is consistently associated with improved diet quality and is a frequent target of health interventions. However, no validated instrument exists to assess this construct among university students in Spain. Therefore, the goal was to develop and provide preliminary evidence of the Spanish Cooking Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (SCSEQ), a concise SCT-based instrument tailored to Mediterranean university settings. A 32-item questionnaire was developed through a review of existing instruments assessing cooking self-efficacy. Face validity was evaluated with Spanish food and nutrition experts (n = 12) to assess the clarity and pertinence of the initial items. The revised Spanish Cooking Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (SCSEQ) was then pilot-tested with Spanish university students (n = 73) from four Catalan universities. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted to identify the underlying factor structure and detect problematic items. Internal consistency reliability was assessed using McDonald's omega, and test-retest reliability over a two-week interval was evaluated using Pearson correlations. Face validity indicated overall clarity and adequacy. Four items were excluded and recombined, two items were added, and nine items were rewritten based on experts' feedback. After pilot testing, the questionnaire overall demonstrated high internal consistency (omega = 0.9). Items were reviewed based on factor loadings, item redundancy, theoretical relevance, and their contribution to scale-level internal consistency. EFA suggested a two-factor structure with good internal consistency (omega = 0.88 and omega = 0.82) and test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.91, 95% CI [0.80, 0.96]). Three items with weak loadings were excluded. The final version consisted of 25 items and 2 subscales. The SCSEQ showed favorable preliminary psychometric properties. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Jurado-Gonzalez et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Jurado-Gonzalez, Patricia AU - Jurado-Gonzalez P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0632-0390 AD - NUTRALiSS, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (Open University of Catalonia, UOC), Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Medina, F Xavier AU - Medina FX AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8067-355X AD - Epi4Health Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (Open University of Catalonia, UOC), Barcelona, Spain. AD - UNESCO Chair on Food, Culture and Development, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (Open University of Catalonia, UOC), Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Martinez-Garcia, Alba AU - Martinez-Garcia A AD - Department of Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine, Public Health and History of Science, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain. FAU - Lopez-Cediel Verdu, Almudena AU - Lopez-Cediel Verdu A AD - Talent Data Scientist, Data Scientist and Psychometric Specialist, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Fabregues, Sergi AU - Fabregues S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1141-7613 AD - NUTRALiSS, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (Open University of Catalonia, UOC), Barcelona, Spain. AD - Department of Psychology and Education, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (Open University of Catalonia, UOC), Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Bach-Faig, Anna AU - Bach-Faig A AD - NUTRALiSS, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (Open University of Catalonia, UOC), Barcelona, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260708 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Students/psychology MH - *Self Efficacy MH - *Psychometrics/methods MH - Female MH - Spain MH - *Cooking MH - Male MH - Universities MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Young Adult MH - Adult MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13345255 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/07/08 18:52 MHDA- 2026/07/08 18:53 PMCR- 2026/07/08 CRDT- 2026/07/08 13:43 PHST- 2026/04/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/08 18:53 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/08 18:52 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/08 13:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-26-19104 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0352758 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 Jul 8;21(7):e0352758. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0352758. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42418453 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260708 LR - 20260813 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 7 DP - 2026 TI - Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding type 2 diabetes and associated factors among rural adolescents in Indonesia: A cross-sectional study. PG - e0352982 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0352982 [doi] LID - e0352982 AB - INTRODUCTION: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is an increasingly important public health concern in Indonesia and is increasingly affecting adolescents at a growing rate due to lifestyle transitions and limited awareness. Evidence regarding adolescents' knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) toward T2D in rural settings remains limited. This study assessed KAP levels related to T2D, identified sociodemographic factors associated with KAP outcomes, and examined interrelationships among KAP domains among rural Indonesian adolescents. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2024 to February 2025 among 1,546 senior high school students in Kampar Regency, Riau Province. Participants were selected using multistage cluster sampling. Data were collected using a validated KAP questionnaire (Cronbach's alpha = 0.725). Descriptive and inferential statistics, including Mann-Whitney U tests, Kruskal-Wallis tests, Spearman's rank correlations, and multiple linear regression analyses, were used to examine KAP outcomes and associated factors. RESULTS: Participants demonstrated limited knowledge regarding T2D, particularly related to risk factors, symptoms, and complications. Although attitudes toward diabetes prevention were generally positive, preventive practices remained suboptimal, especially regarding physical activity. Female gender, peri-urban school location, higher academic rank, extracurricular participation, and prior exposure to diabetes information were associated with higher KAP scores. Knowledge was moderately associated with attitude but only weakly associated with preventive practices. CONCLUSIONS: Rural adolescents demonstrated limited diabetes-related knowledge and suboptimal preventive behaviors despite generally positive attitudes toward T2D prevention. Several sociodemographic and school-related factors were associated with KAP outcomes. However, the weak relationship between knowledge and practice highlights a persistent gap between awareness and preventive behavior. School-based, peer-led, and after-school interventions that integrate education with behavioral reinforcement may strengthen diabetes prevention efforts among rural adolescents. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Kusumawati et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Kusumawati, Nila AU - Kusumawati N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0967-228X AD - Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America. AD - Indonesian Diabetes Center, Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai, Kampar, Riau Province, Indonesia. FAU - Pijl, Hanno AU - Pijl H AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands. FAU - Alaofe, Halimatou AU - Alaofe H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3011-9673 AD - Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America. FAU - Yani, Emul AU - Yani E AD - Faculty of Nursing, Institut Kesehatan Payung Negeri Pekanbaru, Pekanbaru, Riau Province, Indonesia. FAU - Puswati, Desti AU - Puswati D AD - Faculty of Nursing, Institut Kesehatan Payung Negeri Pekanbaru, Pekanbaru, Riau Province, Indonesia. FAU - Hamid, Abdul AU - Hamid A AD - Indonesian Diabetes Center, Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai, Kampar, Riau Province, Indonesia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260708 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - Male MH - *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MH - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology/prevention & control/psychology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Indonesia/epidemiology MH - Rural Population MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Risk Factors PMC - PMC13345253 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/07/08 18:52 MHDA- 2026/07/08 18:53 PMCR- 2026/07/08 CRDT- 2026/07/08 13:43 PHST- 2025/11/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/08 18:53 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/08 18:52 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/08 13:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-25-61411 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0352982 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 Jul 8;21(7):e0352982. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0352982. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42417925 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260828 LR - 20261008 IS - 0973-7693 (Electronic) IS - 0019-5456 (Linking) VI - 93 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep TI - A Simple Clinical Prediction Model for Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in Adolescents with Obesity. PG - 933-938 LID - 10.1007/s12098-026-06301-x [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: To develop and validate a simple, office-based screening tool for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in adolescents with obesity using readily available clinical indicators. METHODS: This cross-sectional study utilized NHANES 2021-2023 data (derivation cohort, n = 100) and 2017-2020 data (temporal validation cohort, n = 149). MASLD was defined as controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) >/=245 dB/m. Model performance was assessed using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). RESULTS: A simplified three-variable model incorporating alanine aminotransferase (ALT), triglycerides, and waist circumference demonstrated excellent discrimination (AUC 0.809, 95% CI: 0.721-0.897) in derivation and remained robust in validation (AUC 0.725, 95% CI: 0.636-0.814). Inclusion of homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) did not significantly improve performance (DeLong P >0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This validated three-parameter model requires no specialized tests or insulin measurement, providing a practical tool for frontline pediatricians to stratify MASLD risk during routine visits. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Dr. K C Chaudhuri Foundation. FAU - Liao, Yang AU - Liao Y AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-9412-4487 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, 2800 Gongwei Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 201399, China. dr_liaoyang@163.com. FAU - Wang, Fei AU - Wang F AD - Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, 2800 Gongwei Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 201399, China. FAU - Tian, Ting-Ting AU - Tian TT AD - Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, 2800 Gongwei Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 201399, China. FAU - Li, Xiu-Fen AU - Li XF AD - Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, 2800 Gongwei Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 201399, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260708 PL - India TA - Indian J Pediatr JT - Indian journal of pediatrics JID - 0417442 RN - EC 2.6.1.2 (Alanine Transaminase) RN - 0 (Triglycerides) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Fatty Liver/diagnosis/etiology MH - Alanine Transaminase/blood MH - *Pediatric Obesity/complications MH - Triglycerides/blood MH - Insulin Resistance MH - Nutrition Surveys MH - Waist Circumference OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent OT - Alanine aminotransferase OT - Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease OT - Pediatric obesity OT - Screening tool OT - Triglycerides OT - Waist circumference COIS- Declarations. Conflict of Interest: None. EDAT- 2026/07/08 12:56 MHDA- 2026/08/28 11:46 CRDT- 2026/07/08 11:06 PHST- 2026/02/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/28 11:46 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/08 12:56 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/08 11:06 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s12098-026-06301-x [pii] AID - 10.1007/s12098-026-06301-x [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Indian J Pediatr. 2026 Sep;93(9):933-938. doi: 10.1007/s12098-026-06301-x. Epub 2026 Jul 8. PMID- 42416482 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20260923 IS - 2076-3298 (Electronic) IS - 2076-3298 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 12 DP - 2025 Dec TI - Predicting Minute Ventilation from Heart Rate in Adolescents: A Tool for Environmental Health Studies. LID - 448 [pii] LID - 10.3390/environments12120448 [doi] AB - Minute ventilation (VE) is central to understanding the interplay between air pollution and exercise. However, real-time measurement of VE in environmental health research is often limited by access to equipment and technical expertise. We aimed to (1) develop predictive equations for VE based on heart rate (HR) in adolescents using metabolic exercise testing data, (2) evaluate which demographic factors influenced model accuracy, and (3) compare our equations to previously published equations applied to our sample. We analyzed cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) data from 41 patients. VE was log-transformed, and generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to model associations between HR and VE, adjusting for age, sex, race, ethnicity, and BMI. In the fully adjusted model, HR was a strong predictor of VE (p-value < 0.001); only sex was a significant covariate (p = 0.003). Stratification revealed a higher predicted VE at a given HR for males compared to females (y(male) = 0.020x + 0.813 vs. y(female) = 0.019x + 0.708, where y = lnVE and x = HR) with a pseudo-R(2) of 0.80 for males and pseudo-R(2) of 0.82 for females. Our predictive equations had the lowest average percent difference between measured and predicted VE, whereas prior models under- or overestimated VE in our sample. Overall, sex-specific GEEs provide a practical method to estimate VE from HR in adolescents and can serve as tools to support exposure assessment and future applications in environmental health research. FAU - Cacho, Celia AU - Cacho C AD - Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 630 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032, USA. FAU - Giri, Meghana AU - Giri M AD - Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 630 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032, USA. FAU - Jung, Kyung Hwa AU - Jung KH AD - Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 3959 Broadway CHC-745, New York, NY 10032, USA. FAU - Del Mundo, Ruskin AU - Del Mundo R AD - Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 630 West 168th St, New York, NY 10032, USA. FAU - Layton, Aimee AU - Layton A AD - Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 630 West 168th St, New York, NY 10032, USA. FAU - Lovinsky-Desir, Stephanie AU - Lovinsky-Desir S AD - Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 3959 Broadway CHC-745, New York, NY 10032, USA. AD - Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th St, New York, NY 10032, USA. LA - eng GR - R03 HL171440/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - UL1 TR001873/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20251121 PL - Switzerland TA - Environments (Basel) JT - Environments (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101770664 PMC - PMC13341173 MID - NIHMS2192292 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - air pollution OT - environmental health OT - inhaled pollution dose OT - minute ventilation OT - predictive modeling COIS- Conflicts of Interest: None of the authors have financial relationships with a commercial entity that has an interest in the subject of this manuscript. The authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/08 06:53 MHDA- 2026/07/08 06:54 PMCR- 2026/07/08 CRDT- 2026/07/08 04:43 PHST- 2026/07/08 06:54 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/08 06:53 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/08 04:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 448 [pii] AID - 10.3390/environments12120448 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Environments (Basel). 2025 Dec;12(12):448. doi: 10.3390/environments12120448. Epub 2025 Nov 21. PMID- 42416279 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260708 LR - 20260813 IS - 2235-2988 (Electronic) IS - 2235-2988 (Linking) VI - 16 DP - 2026 TI - Rapid and low-cost detection of six major pediatric enteric pathogens using a closed-tube PCR-invasive reaction assay. PG - 1841155 LID - 10.3389/fcimb.2026.1841155 [doi] LID - 1841155 AB - Diarrhea caused by bacterial and viral pathogens remains a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality, leading to dehydration, malnutrition, and substantial healthcare burdens; rapid and accurate diagnosis is therefore essential for timely treatment. In clinical practice, detection still commonly relies on traditional methods such as stool culture and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. These approaches are not only time-consuming and lack sensitivity but also typically require separate, pathogen-specific tests, complicating comprehensive diagnosis. While quantitative PCR (qPCR) offers speed and sensitivity, dye-based methods lack specificity, and fluorescent probe-based assays are costly. To address these limitations, we developed an integrated assay that combines PCR with a sequence-specific invasive reaction (Invader) in a single closed tube. This method detects six major pediatric enteric pathogens: Shigella spp., Vibrio cholerae, non-typhoidal Salmonella, Campylobacter jejuni, rotavirus, and enteric adenovirus (types 40/41). The assay demonstrated high sensitivity, with detection limits as low as 2 copies per reaction for each target and exhibited no cross-reactivity. The entire process was completed within 45 minutes. By employing universal Invader probes, we reduced the cost per test to approximately 2 RMB. Validation using both simulated and clinical stool samples suggested the assay's potential reliability and consistency with standard methods. This closed-tube PCR-Invader assay provides a rapid, cost-effective, and unified platform for the parallel detection of six major diarrheal pathogens in a single test run. It shows promise as a practical alternative to current disparate and pathogen-specific testing strategies, with considerable potential for use in primary healthcare settings and large-scale screening to guide the management of childhood infectious diarrhea. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Yang, Zhou, Zhang, Huang, Kong, Zheng, Zhang, Shen, Han, Liu and Lu. FAU - Yang, Nan AU - Yang N AD - Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Zhou, Jin AU - Zhou J AD - Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Zhang, Han AU - Zhang H AD - Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Huang, Yihsuan AU - Huang Y AD - Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Kong, Guiping AU - Kong G AD - Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Zheng, Yucan AU - Zheng Y AD - Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Zhang, Zhuo AU - Zhang Z AD - Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Shen, Ying AU - Shen Y AD - Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Han, Xiu AU - Han X AD - School of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China. FAU - Liu, Zhifeng AU - Liu Z AD - Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Lu, Yan AU - Lu Y AD - Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260623 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Cell Infect Microbiol JT - Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology JID - 101585359 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Sensitivity and Specificity MH - *Molecular Diagnostic Techniques/methods/economics MH - *Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods/economics MH - *Diarrhea/diagnosis/virology/microbiology MH - Campylobacter jejuni/isolation & purification/genetics MH - Feces/virology/microbiology MH - Rotavirus/isolation & purification/genetics MH - Vibrio cholerae/isolation & purification/genetics MH - Shigella/isolation & purification/genetics MH - Rapid Diagnostic Tests PMC - PMC13337639 OTO - NOTNLM OT - closed-tube assay OT - co-infection detection OT - enteric pathogens OT - invasive reaction OT - rapid and low-cost detection COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/08 06:52 MHDA- 2026/07/08 20:04 PMCR- 2026/06/23 CRDT- 2026/07/08 04:40 PHST- 2026/03/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/31 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/08 20:04 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/08 06:52 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/08 04:40 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fcimb.2026.1841155 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2026 Jun 23;16:1841155. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2026.1841155. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42415596 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260708 IS - 1540-8159 (Electronic) IS - 0147-8389 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jul 8 TI - Internal Jugular Vein as an Alternative Access for Pacemaker Implantation: A Mostly Left IJ Case Series. LID - 10.1111/pace.70358 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Leadless pacemakers traditionally rely on femoral venous access, which may be limited in patients with unfavorable IVC anatomy, prior interventions, or situations where preserving femoral access is preferred. Internal jugular (IJ) access offers an alternative route, but real-world data on IJ implantation of single- and dual-chamber leadless devices remain limited. OBJECTIVE: To describe patient characteristics, procedural details, and outcomes of pacemaker implantation via IJ access. METHODS: We performed a retrospective case series of five patients who underwent Abbott Aveir leadless pacemaker implantation-ventricular (VR), atrial (AR), or dual-chamber-via right and left IJ access at a single center. Demographics, indications, rationale for IJ access, procedural course, and acute device parameters were reviewed. Outcomes included procedural success, access-related complications, and device performance at discharge. RESULTS: All five patients (mean age 41+/- 21 years; 40% female; BMI 25.9 +/- 6.7 kg/m(2)) underwent successful IJ access implantation. Indications for pacemaker included intermittent complete heart block (n = 1), sinus node dysfunction (n = 4). Reasons for selecting IJ access included avoidance of femoral access in young active patients (n = 2), complex IVC anatomy with failed femoral advancement (n = 1), improved sheath control and trajectory for atrial leadless deployment (n = 1), and concern that patient could not tolerate post procedure precautions due to neurocognitive disorder. Acute device performance was favorable. VR devices demonstrated pacing thresholds 0.25-1.0 V @ 0.4 ms, R-wave amplitudes 8.9-17.9 mV, and impedance 410-910 Omega. AR devices showed thresholds 0.75-5.0 V @ 0.4 ms, P-wave amplitudes 0.5-4.4 mV, and impedance 320-910 Omega. Dual-chamber systems had stable parameters in both chambers. There were no intraprocedural or access-related complications, including no pneumothorax, hematoma, venous thrombosis, embolization, or hemodynamic instability. All patients had stable device function at discharge. CONCLUSION: IJ vein access is a feasible and safe alternative for pacemaker implantation in patients with limited femoral access, including pediatric and complex adult populations. This approach allows effective device placement and stable pacing outcomes, avoiding femoral-related vascular complications. Further studies are needed to validate reproducibility and long-term performance. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Takagi, Maya Asami AU - Takagi MA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0032-1130 AD - Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis Health System, Sacramento, California, USA. FAU - Leon, William AU - Leon W AD - Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California Davis Health System, Sacramento, California, USA. FAU - Mackenzie, Colin AU - Mackenzie C AD - Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California Davis Health System, Sacramento, California, USA. FAU - Cortez, Daniel AU - Cortez D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9874-0733 AD - Division of Pediatric Cardiology, University of California Davis Health System, Sacramento, California, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260708 PL - United States TA - Pacing Clin Electrophysiol JT - Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE JID - 7803944 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Aveir pacemaker OT - alternative venous access OT - cardiac pacing OT - internal jugular vein OT - leadless pacemaker EDAT- 2026/07/08 06:52 MHDA- 2026/07/08 06:52 CRDT- 2026/07/08 03:13 PHST- 2026/06/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/08 06:52 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/08 06:52 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/08 03:13 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/pace.70358 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2026 Jul 8. doi: 10.1111/pace.70358. PMID- 42415366 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260708 LR - 20260813 IS - 1526-9914 (Electronic) IS - 1526-9914 (Linking) VI - 27 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Evaluating the correlation between pediatric exposure rates and common body size surrogates in fluoroscopy. PG - e70659 LID - 10.1002/acm2.70659 [doi] LID - e70659 AB - PURPOSE: To quantify the degree of correlation between pediatric radiation exposure rates and commonly used body size surrogates: anteroposterior (AP) or lateral (LAT) body thickness, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), body surface area (BSA), and age, for general fluoroscopy (GF) and cardiac fluoroscopically guided interventional (cardiac FGI) examinations, as a way to identify the most predictive surrogate to optimize dose management and exposure control across a wide range of pediatric body sizes. METHODS: This retrospective study included 6447 GF examinations, from 4452 pediatric patients, and 2968 cardiac FGI examinations, from 1471 patients, aged from birth to 21 years. Reference air kerma (RAK) data, collected from a radiation dose index monitoring database, were corrected using calibration measurements with accuracy better than +/- 5%. Exposure rate was calculated as RAK divided by total fluoroscopy time. Patient body size surrogates: measured AP or LAT thickness, age, weight, height, BMI, and BSA were extracted or computed from recorded data. Correlations between log-transformed exposure rates and body size surrogates were evaluated using Pearson's correlation coefficients. Steiger's Z-test was applied to assess statistically significant differences between dependent correlations. RESULTS: For GF examinations, AP thickness correlated most strongly with exposure rate (r = 0.691), followed by BSA (r = 0.574) and weight (r = 0.568). BMI showed the weakest correlation (r = 0.446). For cardiac FGI examinations, weight demonstrated the highest correlation with exposure rate in both frontal (r = 0.689) and LAT (r = 0.794) planes, with BSA and LAT thickness performing similarly. All other correlations were significantly lower (p < 0.001). The superior performance of AP thickness in GF reflects its direct relationship to X-ray attenuation, whereas variable geometry and positioning during cardiac FGI favor weight as a more stable predictor. CONCLUSIONS: For pediatric fluoroscopy, AP thickness best predicts exposure rate in GF, while weight is the most reliable surrogate for cardiac FGI procedures. Selecting modality-specific size metrics enhances pediatric dose optimization and supports consistent radiation exposure management across all patient sizes. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics published by Wiley Periodicals, LLC on behalf of The American Association of Physicists in Medicine. FAU - Strauss, Keith J AU - Strauss KJ AD - Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. AD - Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. FAU - Somasundaram, Elanchezhian AU - Somasundaram E AD - Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. AD - Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. FAU - Meier, Joseph G AU - Meier JG AD - Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. AD - Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. FAU - Brady, Samuel L AU - Brady SL AD - Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. AD - Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - J Appl Clin Med Phys JT - Journal of applied clinical medical physics JID - 101089176 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Fluoroscopy/methods MH - Child, Preschool MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - Infant MH - *Body Size MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Female MH - Male MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Radiation Dosage MH - Young Adult MH - Body Mass Index MH - Organs at Risk/radiation effects MH - *Radiation Exposure/analysis MH - Body Surface Area PMC - PMC13341963 OTO - NOTNLM OT - fluoroscopy OT - patient size metrics OT - pediatric OT - quality assurance OT - radiation dose OT - reference air kerma COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest EDAT- 2026/07/08 06:53 MHDA- 2026/07/08 18:50 PMCR- 2026/07/07 CRDT- 2026/07/08 01:13 PHST- 2026/03/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/12/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/08 18:50 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/08 06:53 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/08 01:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ACM270659 [pii] AID - 10.1002/acm2.70659 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Appl Clin Med Phys. 2026 Jul;27(7):e70659. doi: 10.1002/acm2.70659. PMID- 42415218 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260910 LR - 20260911 IS - 2050-2974 (Print) IS - 2050-2974 (Electronic) IS - 2050-2974 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 7 TI - Prevalence and clinical correlates of avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder in children and adolescents with Celiac disease: a cross-sectional study. LID - 10.1186/s40337-026-01699-3 [doi] LID - 212 AB - BACKGROUND: Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) may represent a clinically important problem in celiac disease (CD), where lifelong dietary restriction, ongoing gastrointestinal symptoms, and food-related anxiety may promote food avoidance beyond gluten-containing foods and contribute to maladaptive eating patterns. Although adult studies have reported high rates of ARFID symptoms in CD, pediatric data are limited. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and clinical correlates of ARFID in children and adolescents with CD using a multidisciplinary assessment approach involving pediatric gastroenterology and child and adolescent psychiatry specialists, including anthropometric, nutritional, bone health, psychological, and health-related quality-of-life (QoL) correlates. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary-care center involving children and adolescents aged 8-17 years with biopsy-confirmed CD (n = 101). Participants were assessed using a combination of clinical interviews and psychometric scales, including the Nine Item ARFID Screen (NIAS), the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS), and the Pediatric QoL Inventory (PedsQL). ARFID diagnosis was established through a DSM-5-guided clinical evaluation by two child and adolescent psychiatrists, and clinical and anthropometric data were collected alongside laboratory results. Multivariable regression models were used to identify factors independently associated with ARFID and clinical outcomes. RESULTS: The prevalence of ARFID in the cohort was 42.6%. Children with ARFID exhibited significantly lower weight and BMI z-scores (p < 0.001 and p = 0.002, respectively), a higher prevalence of osteopenia/osteoporosis (p = 0.005) and micronutrient deficiencies (p < 0.001), poorer QoL (p < 0.001), and higher anxiety and depressive symptom scores (p < 0.001 and p = 0.003, respectively). Presence of gastrointestinal symptoms and higher anxiety score were independently associated with ARFID in children and adolescents with CD. CONCLUSION: In this cohort, ARFID appeared to be a clinically relevant comorbidity in pediatric CD, with adverse physical and psychosocial correlates. Restrictive eating extending beyond gluten avoidance should be recognized during clinical assessment, particularly in children with gastrointestinal symptoms, prominent anxiety symptoms, poor weight gain, or persistent micronutrient deficiencies. Longitudinal studies are needed to clarify the clinical course of ARFID symptoms and to inform targeted multidisciplinary care in this population. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Teke, Halenur AU - Teke H AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-0143-3890 AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkiye. drhalenurteke@gmail.com. FAU - Sogut, Aydan AU - Sogut A AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkiye. FAU - Mavi, Hilal Tuter AU - Mavi HT AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkiye. FAU - Teke, Selcuk AU - Teke S AD - Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkiye. FAU - Ergen, Yasin Maruf AU - Ergen YM AD - Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkiye. FAU - Akcay, Birce Izgi AU - Akcay BI AD - Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkiye. FAU - Celebi, Seda Bozduman AU - Celebi SB AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Basaksehir Cam ve Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Congologlu, Mehmet Ayhan AU - Congologlu MA AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkiye. FAU - Balamtekin, Necati AU - Balamtekin N AD - Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260707 PL - England TA - J Eat Disord JT - Journal of eating disorders JID - 101610672 PMC - PMC13556089 OAB - Celiac disease requires lifelong treatment with a strict gluten-free diet. In some children and adolescents, eating difficulties may extend beyond avoiding gluten and develop into avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID), an eating disorder marked by very limited eating that is not driven by body image concerns. In celiac disease, ongoing digestive symptoms, fear of symptoms after gluten exposure, and the burden of following a strict diet may increase vulnerability to this problem. This study examined how common ARFID was in young people with celiac disease and explored its clinical features. ARFID was identified in 42.6% of the study group. Children and adolescents with ARFID had lower weight, more nutritional problems, weaker bone health, more anxiety and depression symptoms, and lower quality of life than those without ARFID. Ongoing gastrointestinal symptoms and higher anxiety symptoms were the factors most strongly linked with ARFID. These findings suggest that when food restriction extends beyond medically necessary dietary rules, it may indicate a more serious eating problem with both physical and emotional effects. Care for young people with celiac disease may benefit from a multidisciplinary approach that includes pediatric gastroenterology, child and adolescent psychiatry, dietetics, and psychological support. OABL- eng OTO - NOTNLM OT - Anxiety OT - Avoidant/Restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) OT - Bone mineral density OT - Gluten-free diet OT - Pediatric celiac disease COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical approval was obtained from the Scientific Research Ethics Committee of the University of Health Sciences, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital (Decision No: 2025/182, Decision Date: 11.09.2025). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants and their parents or legal guardians after providing a comprehensive explanation of the study aims and procedures. All study procedures adhered to the ethical standards set forth in the Declaration of Helsinki. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/08 02:00 MHDA- 2026/07/08 02:01 PMCR- 2026/07/07 CRDT- 2026/07/08 00:00 PHST- 2026/03/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/08 02:01 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/08 02:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/08 00:00 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s40337-026-01699-3 [pii] AID - 1699 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s40337-026-01699-3 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Eat Disord. 2026 Jul 7;14(1):212. doi: 10.1186/s40337-026-01699-3. PMID- 42413912 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260925 LR - 20260925 IS - 1543-5474 (Electronic) IS - 1543-3080 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct 1 TI - Are Active Schools Associated With Active Commuting? Examining the Prevalence and Determinants in Young People. PG - 1444-1452 LID - 10.1123/jpah.2025-0724 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of active commuting to school among children and adolescents in the Valencian Community (Spain) and to examine potential differences according to sociodemographic, institutional, and behavioral variables. METHODS: A total of 2232 students (8-18 y; 52.2% girls) from 20 schools participated. Sociodemographic (gender, educational stage, socioeconomic status), environmental (type of school: Active vs Non-Active), and behavioral (physical activity levels) variables were assessed using validated self-report instruments. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were conducted using Rao-Scott-adjusted chi-square tests for complex samples, and associations between commuting modes and study variables were subsequently examined using cluster-adjusted generalized estimating equations. RESULTS: Overall, 69% of students actively commuted to and from school. Significant differences were observed by gender and socioeconomic status, whereas no differences were found by educational stage, school type, or physical activity level. When commuting modes were examined, walking was the predominant behavior while cycling was rare (1.3%). Boys and students from lower-income households were more likely to walk, and boys were also more likely than girls to cycle. CONCLUSIONS: The study reveals that most students engage in active commuting to school, mainly by walking, although significant disparities persist according to sociodemographic variables. These findings highlight the need for future research to explore the specific barriers and facilitators of active commuting to school in young people, particularly among girls. They also support the implementation and systematic evaluation of school-based strategies designed to reduce these disparities and promote active, healthy, and sustainable mobility within the school. FAU - Sanchis-Frances, Lucia AU - Sanchis-Frances L AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-9197-480X AD - Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain. FAU - Valencia-Peris, Alexandra AU - Valencia-Peris A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2031-9743 AD - Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain. FAU - Ferriz, Roberto AU - Ferriz R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7041-4098 AD - Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain. FAU - Lizandra, Jorge AU - Lizandra J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5599-133X AD - Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260707 PL - United States TA - J Phys Act Health JT - Journal of physical activity & health JID - 101189457 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - *Transportation/methods/statistics & numerical data MH - Male MH - Child MH - *Bicycling/statistics & numerical data MH - Walking/statistics & numerical data MH - *Schools/statistics & numerical data MH - Spain MH - Socioeconomic Factors MH - Students/statistics & numerical data MH - *Exercise MH - Sex Factors MH - Sociodemographic Factors OTO - NOTNLM OT - active transport OT - physical activity OT - program evaluation OT - youth EDAT- 2026/07/08 01:48 MHDA- 2026/09/25 17:32 CRDT- 2026/07/07 19:33 PHST- 2025/09/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/25 17:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/08 01:48 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/07 19:33 [entrez] AID - 10.1123/jpah.2025-0724 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Phys Act Health. 2026 Jul 7;23(10):1444-1452. doi: 10.1123/jpah.2025-0724. Print 2026 Oct 1. PMID- 42413906 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260729 LR - 20260729 IS - 1543-2920 (Electronic) IS - 0899-8493 (Linking) VI - 38 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Aug 1 TI - Finding the Goldilocks Zone for Toddler Accelerometry: How Many Days Are Needed for a Reliable Estimate of Physical Activity and Sedentary Time Using Machine Learning? PG - 293-298 LID - 10.1123/pes.2025-0147 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: To understand how many days and hours per day of accelerometer wear are needed for a reliable estimation of sedentary time and physical activity (PA) using machine learning (ML). METHOD: One hundred and nine toddlers wore an accelerometer on the right hip at home for 7 days. Time in sedentary time, light PA, moderate to vigorous PA, and total PA were assessed using a validated ML model for toddlers. Single-day intraclass coefficients were calculated for each minimum hours per day of wear time and each outcome. These intraclass coefficients were passed to the Spearman-Brown prophecy equation to determine the reliability of each hour per day and days combination (3-12 h, 1-10 d). RESULTS: Predicted reliabilities ranged from 0.32 to 0.98, increasing as both numbers of hours per day and number of days increased. Four days of 6 hours of wear balances a 0.7 reliability threshold while retaining 94% of participants. CONCLUSION: Our findings support the recommended 6 hours per day of wear for at least 4 days, as it balances acceptable reliability with participant retention. This recommendation is valid for this ML method, and we anticipate that it can be used to further explore sedentary time and PA in toddlers using ML advances. FAU - Letts, Elyse AU - Letts E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2543-8346 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Child Health & Exercise Medicine Program, McMaster University,Hamilton, ON,Canada. FAU - da Silva, Sarah M AU - da Silva SM AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-9512-9776 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Child Health & Exercise Medicine Program, McMaster University,Hamilton, ON,Canada. FAU - King-Dowling, Sara AU - King-Dowling S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3670-8425 AD - Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA,USA. FAU - Di Cristofaro, Natascja AU - Di Cristofaro N AD - Department of Pediatrics, Child Health & Exercise Medicine Program, McMaster University,Hamilton, ON,Canada. FAU - Obeid, Joyce AU - Obeid J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6209-1505 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Child Health & Exercise Medicine Program, McMaster University,Hamilton, ON,Canada. AD - Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University,Hamilton, ON,Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260707 PL - United States TA - Pediatr Exerc Sci JT - Pediatric exercise science JID - 8909729 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Accelerometry/methods MH - *Sedentary Behavior MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - *Machine Learning MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Exercise MH - Time Factors MH - Child, Preschool OTO - NOTNLM OT - actigraphy OT - early years OT - reliability EDAT- 2026/07/08 01:49 MHDA- 2026/07/29 13:54 CRDT- 2026/07/07 19:32 PHST- 2025/11/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/29 13:54 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/08 01:49 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/07 19:32 [entrez] AID - 10.1123/pes.2025-0147 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Pediatr Exerc Sci. 2026 Jul 7;38(3):293-298. doi: 10.1123/pes.2025-0147. Print 2026 Aug 1. PMID- 42413822 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260901 LR - 20260902 IS - 1938-3207 (Electronic) IS - 0002-9165 (Linking) VI - 124 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Integrating executive function training with health behavior intervention for preschool obesity prevention in China: a cluster-randomized controlled trial. PG - 101427 LID - S0002-9165(26)00236-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2026.101427 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Preschool is a critical period for obesity prevention. However, few real-world interventions have integrated executive function (EF) enhancing activities with health behavior promotion. OBJECTIVES: To evaluated the effectiveness of a multilevel kindergarten-family intervention among preschoolers in China. METHODS: In this cluster-randomized controlled trial, 26 kindergartens in Wuhan were stratified by kindergarten educational tier and randomly assigned (1:1) to either the intervention or control group. The intervention comprised health education, EF-enhancing activities, environmental modifications, and family engagement strategies over 3 semesters. The primary outcome was change in body mass index z-score (BMIz); secondary outcomes included EF performance and health behaviors. Linear mixed models accounted for clustering and repeated measures; a bias-reduced linearization (CR2) cluster-robust small-sample-corrected sensitivity analysis was conducted. RESULTS: Of 1239 children included, 638 were assigned to the intervention group and 601 to the control group; 21.2% were classified as having overweight or obesity at baseline. In the primary analysis, BMIz gain was smaller in the interventions than in controls [mean difference (MD), -0.08; P = 0.043]. EF performance improved at midline in Digit Span Test 1 (MD: 0.28; P = 0.002), Digit Span Test 2 (MD: 0.23; P = 0.15), and Corsi Block Tapping Test 2 (MD: 0.41; P < 0.001). At the endpoint, the simplified Stroop day-night task showed a nominal improvement (MD: 0.48; P = 0.009). The healthy dietary consumption scores changed favorably (MD: -0.73; P = 0.017). Exploratory subgroup analyses suggested possible heterogeneity by kindergarten tier at midline (P for interaction = 0.086) and by sex at endpoint (P for interaction = 0.052), with a larger estimated endline effect among boys. CONCLUSIONS: This kindergarten-family intervention showed directionally favorable but statistically uncertain effects on BMIz gain after small-sample correction, alongside modest improvements in selected EF outcomes. These findings support the feasibility and potential promise of this approach for early obesity prevention, whereas larger trials are needed to confirm effectiveness, durability, and equity across settings. The trial was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry as ChiCTR2200058452 (9 April, 2022; https://www.chictr.org.cn/hvshowproject.html?id=205233&v=1.1). CI - Copyright (c) 2026 American Society for Nutrition. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Wang, Miyuan AU - Wang M AD - Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. FAU - Xia, Wenqi AU - Xia W AD - Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. FAU - Xu, Ke AU - Xu K AD - Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Evidence-based Nursing Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. FAU - Chen, Fengyan AU - Chen F AD - Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. FAU - Wang, Yimin AU - Wang Y AD - Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. FAU - Wei, Mengna AU - Wei M AD - Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. FAU - Deng, Weixi AU - Deng W AD - Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. FAU - Zheng, Xinyi AU - Zheng X AD - Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. FAU - Zhang, Zengzhen AU - Zhang Z AD - Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. FAU - Xiong, Jinrui AU - Xiong J AD - Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. FAU - Wang, Lingyu AU - Wang L AD - Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. FAU - Lin, Yuxin AU - Lin Y AD - Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. FAU - Wang, Youfa AU - Wang Y AD - Global Health Institute, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an City, China. FAU - Zhang, Jianduan AU - Zhang J AD - Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. Electronic address: jd_zh@hust.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20260707 PL - United States TA - Am J Clin Nutr JT - The American journal of clinical nutrition JID - 0376027 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Executive Function MH - Child, Preschool MH - Male MH - China MH - *Pediatric Obesity/prevention & control MH - Female MH - *Health Behavior MH - Body Mass Index MH - *Health Promotion OTO - NOTNLM OT - childhood obesity OT - cluster-randomized control trial OT - energy balance-related behavior OT - executive function OT - preschool intervention COIS- Conflict of interest The authors report no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/08 01:43 MHDA- 2026/09/01 23:34 CRDT- 2026/07/07 19:14 PHST- 2026/03/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/01 23:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/08 01:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/07 19:14 [entrez] AID - S0002-9165(26)00236-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2026.101427 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Am J Clin Nutr. 2026 Sep;124(3):101427. doi: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2026.101427. Epub 2026 Jul 7. PMID- 42412896 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260707 LR - 20260813 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 7 DP - 2026 TI - Longitudinal associations of academic stress with eating related patterns, nutrition, somatic indicators, and depressive symptoms in university students: A study protocol. PG - e0352779 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0352779 [doi] LID - e0352779 AB - INTRODUCTION: Academic stress (AS) can be understood as a multidimensional form of chronic stress that has been linked to adverse patterns across physical and mental health in university students. This protocol outlines a longitudinal, observational study to examine within-semester associations between AS and indicators of nutritional status, eating-related patterns, sleep quality, and depressive symptoms. By integrating physiological, behavioral, and psychological indicators within a repeated-measures framework, the study aims to generate evidence that can inform prevention-focused actions and early support strategies in university health contexts. HYPOTHESES: (i) Higher AS will be longitudinally associated with less favorable eating-related patterns, nutritional and somatic indicators, and higher depressive symptoms in university students. (ii) Higher AS will be associated with altered post-awakening cortisol dynamics, specifically a lower cortisol awakening response (CAR) and lower AUCi, together with a higher AUCg, and with higher salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) levels, consistent with stress-related activation of HPA-axis and sympathetic pathways. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS: A longitudinal, observational, nonexperimental design with repeated measurements will be implemented across three assessment cycles during an academic semester. A feasibility-based convenience sample will be recruited from undergraduate students (2nd to 4th year) enrolled in the Faculty of Medicine, University of Concepcion (Chile). Students receiving psychological or pharmacological treatment will be eligible to reflect real-world heterogeneity and support ecological validity. METHODS: Data will be collected through standardized questionnaires, nutritional assessments, biological sampling, and wearable-derived somatic indicators. Electronic surveys administered via REDCap will assess AS, perceived stress, eating-related patterns, and depressive symptoms. Diet will be assessed through interviewer-administered nutritional interviews, including repeated 24-hour dietary recalls treated as time-specific observations and modeled longitudinally as time-varying measures, and complemented by diet-quality and dietary inflammatory potential indices. Wearable devices will record nonclinical somatic indicators, including heart rate, oxygen saturation, and sleep-related metrics during monitoring periods. Saliva will be collected twice per week during each assessment cycle to quantify salivary cortisol dynamics and sAA activity, and peripheral blood samples obtained at baseline and end of semester will be used to determine lipid profile, fasting glucose, albumin, globulin, and total proteins. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Analyses will include descriptive and bivariate summaries, followed by multivariable models appropriate to outcome type. Longitudinal associations will be examined using mixed-effects models, and temporal cross-lagged associations will be explored using random-intercept cross-lagged panel models across the three assessment cycles. All inferences will be framed as associational given the observational design. EXPECTED RESULTS: Rather than prespecifying outcomes, this protocol is expected to generate longitudinal evidence on how within-semester variation in AS aligns with eating-related patterns, diet, nutritional and somatic indicators, depressive symptoms, and stress-related physiological indicators (salivary cortisol dynamics and sAA activity). The integrated, feasibility-oriented measurement framework may serve as a replicable template for future research and inform prevention-focused actions to support student well-being in university settings. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Rojas-Cardenas et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Rojas-Cardenas, Pia AU - Rojas-Cardenas P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6208-0830 AD - Programa de Doctorado en Salud Mental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile. AD - Carrera de Nutricion y Dietetica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Adventista de Chile, Nuble, Chile. FAU - Nazar, Gabriela AU - Nazar G AD - Departamento de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile. FAU - Castillo-Navarrete, Juan Luis AU - Castillo-Navarrete JL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7401-2384 AD - Programa de Doctorado en Salud Mental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile. AD - Departamento de Tecnologia Medica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile. AD - Programa de Neurociencia, Psiquiatria y Salud Mental, NEPSAM, Universidad de Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile. LA - eng PT - Clinical Trial Protocol PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260707 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 RN - WI4X0X7BPJ (Hydrocortisone) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - Cortisol Awakening Response MH - *Depression/psychology/physiopathology MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - Hydrocortisone/metabolism MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - *Nutritional Status MH - Saliva/metabolism MH - Sleep Quality MH - *Stress, Psychological/psychology/physiopathology/metabolism MH - *Students/psychology MH - Universities MH - Observational Studies as Topic PMC - PMC13340845 COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. Funding was provided by Agencia Nacional de Investigacion y Desarrollo (ANID), Chile: FONDECYT Iniciacion No. 11240383 (recipient: Juan Luis Castillo-Navarrete) and ANID Doctoral Scholarship No. 1340/2025 (recipient: Pia Rojas-Cardenas). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. EDAT- 2026/07/08 01:10 MHDA- 2026/07/08 01:11 PMCR- 2026/07/07 CRDT- 2026/07/07 13:43 PHST- 2025/12/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/08 01:11 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/08 01:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/07 13:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-25-67135 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0352779 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 Jul 7;21(7):e0352779. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0352779. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42412396 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260707 LR - 20260813 IS - 1440-172X (Electronic) IS - 1322-7114 (Print) IS - 1322-7114 (Linking) VI - 32 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Validity of the Translated Turkish Version of the Tool for Nutrition Risk Screening for Paediatric Cancer. PG - e70168 LID - 10.1111/ijn.70168 [doi] LID - e70168 AB - BACKGROUND: Malnutrition in paediatric cancer patients increases adverse clinical outcomes; however, methods for assessing malnutrition risk remain unclear. This study aimed to assess the validity of the Nutrition Risk Screening for Pediatric Cancer (NRS-PC). METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the paediatric oncology unit of a tertiary care university hospital. The nutritional risk and malnutrition status were assessed by the Nutrition Screening Tool for Childhood Cancer (SCAN) and Pediatric Subjective Global Nutritional Assessment (SGNA), respectively. Receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) curve method was used to evaluate the validity of NRS-PC. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were calculated. RESULTS: The median age of children was 8 years, and 60.2% were boys. The prevalence of malnutrition was 48.4%. NRS-PC had excellent accuracy compared with SCAN (AUC: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.827-0.944; p < 0.001) and SGNA (AUC: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.847-0.951; p < 0.001). Using SGNA as a reference method, the NRS-PC tool had a sensitivity of 77.4%-100% and specificity of 24.2%-86.4% according to different cut-off points. CONCLUSION: The Turkish version of the NRS-PC is a simple, valid and practical method for nutritional risk screening in the paediatric oncology population. Further feasibility and acceptability studies are needed to determine the most appropriate screening tools in children. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). International Journal of Nursing Practice published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd. FAU - Meral, Buket AU - Meral B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1664-9333 AD - Department of Child Health and Diseases Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey. FAU - Kangalgil, Melda AU - Kangalgil M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2868-8903 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey. FAU - Erduran, Erol AU - Erduran E AD - Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study PL - Australia TA - Int J Nurs Pract JT - International journal of nursing practice JID - 9613615 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Turkey MH - Male MH - Child MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - *Nutrition Assessment MH - *Neoplasms/complications MH - *Malnutrition/diagnosis MH - Child, Preschool MH - Risk Assessment MH - Nutritional Status PMC - PMC13340497 OTO - NOTNLM OT - malnutrition OT - nurses OT - nursing OT - nutritional assessment OT - paediatric oncology OT - sensitivity OT - specificity COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/07 12:34 MHDA- 2026/07/07 18:54 PMCR- 2026/07/07 CRDT- 2026/07/07 11:26 PHST- 2026/06/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/03/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/07 18:54 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/07 12:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/07 11:26 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - IJN70168 [pii] AID - 10.1111/ijn.70168 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Nurs Pract. 2026 Aug;32(4):e70168. doi: 10.1111/ijn.70168. PMID- 42410484 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260930 LR - 20261002 IS - 2055-0928 (Electronic) IS - 2055-0928 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 6 TI - Misreporting of energy intake estimated by food records among adolescents in Lao People's Democratic Republic: a cross-sectional study. LID - 10.1186/s40795-026-01416-y [doi] LID - 203 AB - BACKGROUND: Accurate dietary assessment data is vital for understanding dietary patterns and the associated nutrition and health outcomes. However, research on misreporting from self-reported dietary assessment tools has remained limited in low- and middle-income countries. Our study aims to investigate energy intake misreporting and its determinants among adolescents in Lao People's Democratic Republic (PDR). METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional secondary analysis of seven-day estimated food records collected from 405 adolescents aged 10-18 years attending secondary schools in Vientiane Province, Lao PDR, between March and April 2019. We identified energy intake misreporting using the Goldberg cut-off method, and analyzed factors associated with energy intake underreporting using multivariable logistic regression analyses. We compared the percentage energy intake from each food group between plausible reporters and underreporters, using the Mann-Whitney U-test. RESULTS: Approximately 61.2% of participants underreported and 0.3% overreported their energy intake. Older adolescents (15-18 years) were 50% less likely to be classified as underreporters than younger adolescents (10-14 years) (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.34-0.88). Higher Body Mass Index was associated with higher odds of underreporting (AOR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.01-1.18), whereas higher number of reported snacks between meals was associated with lower odds of underreporting (AOR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.76-0.86). Underreporting increased over the seven-day period (51.4% on day 1 to 65.9% on day 7). CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights a high prevalence of energy intake underreporting among Lao PDR adolescents when using the seven-day estimated food record method. While this prospective method has advantages, its accuracy depends on sustained participant engagement and motivation. Future research is needed to develop, adapt and validate tools, such as technology-assisted tools, for use among adolescents in Lao PDR. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Kounnavong, Thidatheb AU - Kounnavong T AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-5614-6147 AD - School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, 1 Chome-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8102, Japan. thidatheb.kounnavong@nagasaki-u.ac.jp. FAU - Moji, Kazuhiko AU - Moji K AD - School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, 1 Chome-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8102, Japan. moji.k273@gmail.com. FAU - Sato, Miho AU - Sato M AD - School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, 1 Chome-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8102, Japan. FAU - Turner, Christopher AU - Turner C AD - Food and Markets Department, Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, London, UK. FAU - Vonglokham, Manithong AU - Vonglokham M AD - Department of Health Policy and Health System Research, Lao Tropical and Public Health Institute, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic. FAU - Ferguson, Elaine AU - Ferguson E AD - Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260706 PL - England TA - BMC Nutr JT - BMC nutrition JID - 101672434 PMC - PMC13625445 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent OT - Cross sectional study OT - Dietary assessment OT - Energy intake OT - Food Record OT - Lao People's Democratic Republic OT - Misreporting OT - Technologies OT - Underreporting COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study utilized secondary data collected as part of a separate project conducted by the Lao Tropical and Public Health Institute, which received ethical approval from the National Ethical Committee for Health Research of Lao PDR (Protocol No. 013/2019/NECHR). Informed consent was obtained from all adolescent participants and their legal guardians before the data were collected. The study strictly followed the relevant guidelines and regulations. The dataset is fully anonymized and de-identified, ensuring that no individual participants could be identified or traced. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/07 00:38 MHDA- 2026/07/07 00:39 PMCR- 2026/07/06 CRDT- 2026/07/07 00:00 PHST- 2026/03/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/07 00:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/07 00:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/07 00:00 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s40795-026-01416-y [pii] AID - 1416 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s40795-026-01416-y [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Nutr. 2026 Jul 6;12(1):203. doi: 10.1186/s40795-026-01416-y. PMID- 42409680 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261009 LR - 20261009 IS - 1590-3729 (Electronic) IS - 0939-4753 (Linking) VI - 36 IP - 11 DP - 2026 Nov TI - Uric acid to high density lipoprotein-cholesterol ratio as a potential biomarker of comorbidities in youth with obesity. PG - 104847 LID - S0939-4753(26)00309-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.numecd.2026.104847 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AND AIM: The uric acid to high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol ratio (UHR) has been associated with type 2 diabetes or hepatic steatosis in adults, while pediatric evidence is poor. We aimed to evaluate the association between UHR and several obesity-related comorbidities in youths with overweight or obesity (OW/OB). METHODS AND RESULTS: 1215 youths of the CARITALY study were enrolled. Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) were assessed by standard methods. The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and the whole-body insulin sensitivity index (WBISI) were calculated. A continuous cardiometabolic risk score (cCMR) was calculated. Metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) was defined by a standard method. Mild reduced-estimated glomerular filtration rate (MReGFR) was defined by eGFR value > 60 < 90 ml/min/1.73 m(2) White blood cell count (WBCc) was obtained. UHR was stratified into quartiles. Youths in the top UHR quartile showed a higher odds ratio (OR)(95%CI) of MReGFR: 2.03 (1.31-3.13) and cCMR: 2915 (1.60-4.24) vs the first quartile. Youths in the third UHR quartile showed significantly higher ORs of IFG 2.00 (1.01-3.94), IGT: 2.64 (1.37-5.10), HOMA-IR: 1.64 (1.17-2.29), and high WBCc: 2.49 (1.64-3.77), whereas youths yet in the second quartile showed significantly higher OR of low WBISI: 1.60 (1.04-2.50) and MASLD: 1.61 (1.13-2.28) vs the first quartile. CONCLUSIONS: UHR was associated with disrupted glucose homeostasis, high cardiometabolic risk, MASLD, reduced glomerular filtration, and low-grade inflammation in youths with OW/OB. UHR is a promising biomarker for detecting obesity-related comorbidities in this population. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Italian Diabetes Society, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Di Bonito, Procolo AU - Di Bonito P AD - Department of Internal Medicine, "S. Maria delle Grazie" Hospital, Pozzuoli, Italy. FAU - Umano, Giuseppina Rosaria AU - Umano GR AD - Department of the Woman, the Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy. FAU - Licenziati, Maria Rosaria AU - Licenziati MR AD - Neuro-Endocrine Diseases and Obesity Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Santobono-Pausilipon Children's Hospital, Naples, Italy. FAU - Corica, Domenico AU - Corica D AD - Department of Human Pathology of Adulthood and Childhood "G. Barresi", Pediatric Unit, University of Messina, Messina, Italy. FAU - Wasniewska, Malgorzata Gabriela AU - Wasniewska MG AD - Department of Human Pathology of Adulthood and Childhood "G. Barresi", Pediatric Unit, University of Messina, Messina, Italy. FAU - Morandi, Anita AU - Morandi A AD - Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, Section of Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolism, University and University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy. FAU - Maffeis, Claudio AU - Maffeis C AD - Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, Section of Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolism, University and University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy. FAU - Faienza, Maria Felicia AU - Faienza MF AD - Pediatric Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari "A. Moro", Bari, Italy. FAU - Mozzillo, Enza AU - Mozzillo E AD - Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples "Federico II", Napoli, Italy. FAU - Calcaterra, Valeria AU - Calcaterra V AD - Pediatric Department, "V. Buzzi" Children's Hospital, Milano and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. FAU - Franco, Francesca AU - Franco F AD - Pediatric Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria del Friuli Centrale, Hospital of Udine, Udine, Italy. FAU - Maltoni, Giulio AU - Maltoni G AD - Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy. FAU - Del Giudice, Emanuele Miraglia AU - Del Giudice EM AD - Department of the Woman, the Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy. FAU - Di Sessa, Anna AU - Di Sessa A AD - Department of the Woman, the Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy. FAU - Valerio, Giuliana AU - Valerio G AD - Department of Medical, Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Napoli "Parthenope", Naples, Italy. Electronic address: giuliana.valerio@uniparthenope.it. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260616 PL - Netherlands TA - Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis JT - Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD JID - 9111474 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 268B43MJ25 (Uric Acid) RN - 0 (Cholesterol, HDL) RN - 0 (Blood Glucose) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Male MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - *Uric Acid/blood MH - Adolescent MH - *Pediatric Obesity/diagnosis/epidemiology/blood MH - Child MH - Risk Assessment MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - *Cholesterol, HDL/blood MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Comorbidity MH - Italy/epidemiology MH - Age Factors MH - Cardiometabolic Risk Factors MH - Glomerular Filtration Rate MH - Blood Glucose/metabolism MH - Insulin Resistance MH - *Metabolic Syndrome/diagnosis/epidemiology/blood OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cardiometabolic risk OT - Metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease OT - Pediatric obesity OT - Prediabetes OT - Reduced glomerular filtration COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declared no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/07 04:11 MHDA- 2026/10/09 23:31 CRDT- 2026/07/06 21:52 PHST- 2025/07/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/09 23:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/07 04:11 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/06 21:52 [entrez] AID - S0939-4753(26)00309-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.numecd.2026.104847 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2026 Nov;36(11):104847. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2026.104847. Epub 2026 Jun 16. PMID- 42409604 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260707 LR - 20260813 IS - 1369-1600 (Electronic) IS - 1355-6215 (Print) IS - 1355-6215 (Linking) VI - 31 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Effects of Different Exercise Intensities on Internet Addiction in Adolescents and Young Adults: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis. PG - e70172 LID - 10.1111/adb.70172 [doi] LID - e70172 AB - This study employed a network meta-analysis to evaluate and compare the efficacy of different exercise intensities (light, moderate and vigorous) on internet addiction and related psychological symptoms in adolescents and young adults. We systematically searched eight databases for relevant randomised controlled trials. A total of 22 studies with 1438 samples were included. A pairwise meta-analysis indicated that exercise interventions across all intensities were associated with improvements in internet addiction, anxiety and negative moods, with moderate-intensity additionally improving depression. The results of the network meta-analysis suggested that light-intensity exercise (SMD = -2.61, 95% CI [-4.29, -0.93], p = 0.002), moderate-intensity exercise (SMD = -2.74, 95% CI [-4.25, -1.22], p < 0.0001) and high-intensity exercise (SMD = -2.55, 95% CI [-4.88, -0.22], p = 0.032) may be associated with a reduction in adolescents' internet addiction. Only moderate-intensity exercise may be associated with a reduction in depression (SMD = -1.19, 95% CI [-2.20, -0.18], p = 0.021) and anxiety (SMD = -1.90, 95% CI [-3.50, -0.30], p = 0.02); light-intensity and high-intensity exercise were not significantly associated with a reduction in depression and anxiety. Light-intensity exercise (SMD = -1.63, 95% CI [-2.85, -0.41], p = 0.009) and moderate-intensity exercise (SMD = -1.55, 95% CI [-2.56, -0.54], p = 0.003) may be associated with reductions in other negative moods. According to the probability ranking of the likelihood of the optimal intervention effect, moderate-intensity exercise (SUCRA = 71) ranked highest for interventions in adolescents' internet addiction, depression (SUCRA = 70.2), anxiety (SUCRA = 68.4) and light exercise (SUCRA = 67.9) ranked highest for negative moods. However, owing to the limitations of sample size and the quality of individual studies, the strength of evidence needs to be further validated by more standardised, high-quality studies. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Addiction Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society for the Study of Addiction. FAU - Yu, Min AU - Yu M AD - School of Physical Education, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde, China. FAU - Chang, Yuanyuan AU - Chang Y AD - School of Physical Education and Health Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China. FAU - Kang, Haobo AU - Kang H AD - School of Physical Education and Health Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China. FAU - Mao, Wuyang AU - Mao W AD - School of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha, China. LA - eng GR - 25JGYB0441/Hunan Provincial Basic Education Teaching Reform Research Project/ PT - Journal Article PT - Network Meta-Analysis PT - Systematic Review PL - United States TA - Addict Biol JT - Addiction biology JID - 9604935 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Humans MH - Young Adult MH - Anxiety/therapy/psychology MH - *Behavior, Addictive/therapy MH - Depression/therapy/psychology MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - Exercise Therapy/methods MH - Internet MH - *Internet Addiction Disorder/therapy/psychology PMC - PMC13337322 OTO - NOTNLM OT - anxiety OT - depression OT - exercise intensity OT - internet addiction OT - negative moods COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/07 00:39 MHDA- 2026/07/07 18:53 PMCR- 2026/07/06 CRDT- 2026/07/06 21:23 PHST- 2026/05/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/12/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/07 18:53 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/07 00:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/06 21:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ADB70172 [pii] AID - 10.1111/adb.70172 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Addict Biol. 2026 Jul;31(7):e70172. doi: 10.1111/adb.70172. PMID- 42406088 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261013 LR - 20261015 IS - 1437-1596 (Electronic) IS - 0937-9827 (Print) IS - 0937-9827 (Linking) VI - 140 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Nov TI - Diagnostic performance of Demirjian's third molar maturation stages G, G1, and H for identifying the 18-year age threshold: a sex-specific study. PG - 4435-4443 LID - 10.1007/s00414-026-03904-z [doi] AB - Determining attainment of 18 years is a critical task in forensic age estimation. This study evaluated and compared the sex-specific diagnostic performance of conventional and refined third-molar maturation cut-offs, Demirjian stages G and H, and the refined stage G1 for identifying individuals aged >/= 18 years in a South Indian population. Panoramic radiographs of 599 individuals aged 14-22 years were retrospectively assessed. Mandibular left third molars were staged using the conventional Demirjian system and the Solari and Abramovitch modification. Diagnostic performance was evaluated separately for males and females using sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, likelihood ratios, accuracy, and post-test probabilities. Intra- and inter-examiner agreement was assessed using kappa statistics. Third-molar maturation effectively discriminated attainment of 18 years in both sexes, with stage-dependent trade-offs between sensitivity and specificity. Stages G and above and stages G1 and above demonstrated high sensitivity and strong exclusion of adulthood when negative, whereas stage H showed higher specificity and greater confirmatory value when present, particularly among females. Diagnostic performance of the refined G1 stage was comparable to that of stage G, with modest improvement in specificity and post-test probability in females. Inter-examiner agreement was excellent for stages G and H but only moderate for G1, indicating reduced reproducibility for the refined stage. In conclusion, conventional Demirjian stages G and H remain reliable and reproducible indicators for assessing attainment of 18 years. Although the refined G1 stage offers increased developmental resolution and supports probabilistic interpretation, its forensic utility is constrained by reduced inter-observer agreement. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Balla, Sudheer Babu AU - Balla SB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0977-3889 AD - Department of Rural Clinical Sciences, La Trobe University, Bendigo, 3550, Australia. s.balla@latrobe.edu.au. FAU - Nagarakanti, Naga Madhuri AU - Nagarakanti NM AD - Government Medical College, Mahbubnagar, Telangana, India. FAU - Chinni, Subramanyeswara Swamy AU - Chinni SS AD - Clinical Practitioner, Chicago, USA. FAU - Shahnaz, Waheeda AU - Shahnaz W AD - SVS Institute of Dental Sciences, Mahabubnagar, Telangana, India. FAU - Bojji, Manasa AU - Bojji M AD - Malla Reddy Dental College for Women, Hyderabad., Telangana, India. FAU - Pacha, Venkat Baghirath AU - Pacha VB AD - Panineeya Institute of Dental Sciences & Research Center, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260706 PL - Germany TA - Int J Legal Med JT - International journal of legal medicine JID - 9101456 RN - Indian people SB - IM MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Molar, Third/diagnostic imaging/growth & development MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - *Age Determination by Teeth/methods MH - Radiography, Panoramic MH - South Asian People PMC - PMC13658497 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Age of majority OT - Demirjian method OT - Dental age estimation OT - Diagnostic accuracy OT - Refined root stages OT - Third molar COIS- Declarations. Ethical standards: Yes. Ethics approval: Obtained. Research involving human participants, their data, or biological material: Radiographs were collected retrospectively from the archives. Human ethics and consent to participate: Not applicable. Competing interest: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/06 12:41 MHDA- 2026/10/12 17:30 PMCR- 2026/07/06 CRDT- 2026/07/06 11:15 PHST- 2026/04/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/12 17:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/06 12:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/06 11:15 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s00414-026-03904-z [pii] AID - 3904 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00414-026-03904-z [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Legal Med. 2026 Nov;140(6):4435-4443. doi: 10.1007/s00414-026-03904-z. Epub 2026 Jul 6. PMID- 42404934 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260706 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Physical activity awareness and its relationship with motivation among college students: development and validation of a Multidimensional Scale. PG - 1856461 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1856461 [doi] LID - 1856461 AB - INTRODUCTION: Physical activity (PA) levels remain insufficient among young adults, particularly college students, whose behavioral patterns often persist into adulthood. Although psychological factors are recognized as important determinants of PA behavior, limited attention has been paid to how individuals perceive and interpret their own physical activity and surrounding context. This study aimed to develop and validate a multidimensional scale measuring college students' perceived PA awareness. METHODS: A sequential mixed-method design was employed. In the qualitative phase, focus group interviews were conducted to explore college students' understanding of PA awareness. Based on thematic analysis, four dimensions were identified: personal PA awareness, social support awareness, environmental awareness, and PA recommendation awareness. An initial item pool was then developed and administered to 994 undergraduate students from eight universities. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to examine the factorial validity of the scale, and internal consistency reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha coefficients. RESULTS: CFA supported a stable four-factor structure with acceptable model fit indices (RMSEA = 0.046, SRMR = 0.035, CFI = 0.968). The subscales demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency, with Cronbach's ? values ranging from 0.741 to 0.919. These findings provide empirical support for the reliability and construct validity of the proposed scale. DISCUSSION: The findings suggest that PA awareness is a multidimensional psychological construct reflecting both individual perceptions and contextual influences. The developed scale may contribute to a better understanding of motivational processes underlying physical activity engagement among college students and provide a structured framework for future research on psychological determinants of PA behavior. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Shangguan, Xie and Hamilton. FAU - Shangguan, Rulan AU - Shangguan R AD - School of Physical Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Xie, Jiajing AU - Xie J AD - School of Physical Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Hamilton, Xiaofen AU - Hamilton X AD - Department of Curriculum and Instruction, College of Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260619 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Students/psychology/statistics & numerical data MH - Universities MH - Female MH - *Motivation MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - Young Adult MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Male MH - Focus Groups MH - *Awareness MH - Psychometrics MH - Factor Analysis, Statistical MH - Surveys and Questionnaires/standards MH - Adolescent MH - Qualitative Research MH - Adult MH - *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice PMC - PMC13328250 OTO - NOTNLM OT - college students OT - health behavior OT - mixed methods OT - physical activity awareness OT - psychometric validation OT - scale development COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/06 10:10 MHDA- 2026/07/06 12:41 PMCR- 2026/06/19 CRDT- 2026/07/06 05:40 PHST- 2026/04/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/06 12:41 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/06 10:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/06 05:40 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1856461 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2026 Jun 19;14:1856461. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1856461. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42403893 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260706 LR - 20260813 IS - 1178-6965 (Print) IS - 1178-6965 (Electronic) IS - 1178-6965 (Linking) VI - 19 DP - 2026 TI - Skeletal Muscle Mass and Visceral Fat are Independently Associated with Poorly Controlled Asthma in Children with Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Study. PG - 600914 LID - 10.2147/JAA.S600914 [doi] LID - 600914 AB - PURPOSE: The role of body composition-particularly skeletal muscle mass and visceral fat-in asthma control among children with obesity remains unclear. We compared body composition between children with obesity with and without asthma and examined associations with asthma control. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We enrolled 191 children with obesity aged 6-14 years (85 with asthma, 106 without). Skeletal muscle mass (SMM)-to-body weight (WT) ratio and visceral fat area (VFA) were measured by multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis. Poorly controlled asthma was defined using validated cut-points: Childhood Asthma Control Test /=12). Variables were screened by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator logistic regression; the model was assessed by receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration, and decision-curve analyses. RESULTS: The obese-asthma group had lower SMM/WT than the simple-obesity group (30.17% vs 31.51%, P<0.001); VFA did not differ significantly (P=0.051). Among children with obese-asthma, the poorly controlled group showed lower SMM/WT (P=0.002) and higher VFA (P=0.011). In multivariable analysis, SMM/WT (OR=0.664 per 1%, 95% CI 0.497-0.889, P=0.006), VFA (OR=1.014 per 1 cm(2), 95% CI 1.001-1.028, P=0.034), maximal mid-expiratory flow (MMEF) percent predicted (OR=1.073, 95% CI 1.007-1.143, P=0.029), and extracellular water to total body water ratio (ECW/TBW) (OR=1.719 per 0.01, 95% CI 1.000-2.956, P=0.050) were independently associated with poorly controlled asthma. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.807 (95% CI 0.709-0.905; sensitivity 76.9%, specificity 75.8%; mean absolute error 0.027). CONCLUSION: Lower SMM/WT, higher VFA, higher MMEF percent predicted, and higher ECW/TBW were independently associated with poorly controlled asthma in children with obesity. The four-variable model showed good discrimination (AUC=0.807). These exploratory associations require prospective validation before clinical application. CI - (c) 2026 Wang et al. FAU - Wang, Zhiyuan AU - Wang Z AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7990-9740 AD - Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China. FAU - Zhao, Junlin AU - Zhao J AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-9080-9622 AD - Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China. FAU - Wang, Yanan AU - Wang Y AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-3176-160X AD - Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China. FAU - Dai, Qianqian AU - Dai Q AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-7647-0812 AD - Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China. FAU - Qu, Shengmeng AU - Qu S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-2746-3408 AD - Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China. FAU - Ru, Liang AU - Ru L AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-2200-3889 AD - Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260629 PL - New Zealand TA - J Asthma Allergy JT - Journal of asthma and allergy JID - 101543450 PMC - PMC13332121 OAB - WHY DID WE DO THIS STUDY? Obesity and asthma are both becoming more common in children. Children who have both conditions may have less well-controlled asthma. Doctors usually record only height and weight, which do not show how much muscle a child has or where body fat is stored. We wanted to learn whether measuring muscle and fat separately could help explain why some children with obesity have poorer asthma control. WHAT DID WE DO? We studied 191 children with obesity aged 6-14 years. We used a body-composition scanner to estimate muscle mass and visceral fat (the fat stored around internal organs). We compared children with and without asthma, and-among those with asthma-children whose symptoms were poorly controlled with the rest of the asthma group, who had comparatively better symptom control. WHAT DID WE FIND? Children with obesity and asthma had less muscle relative to their body weight than children with obesity alone. Among the children with asthma, those whose asthma was poorly controlled tended to have lower muscle mass and higher visceral fat. Using these measures, we built a preliminary tool to help estimate which children might be at higher risk of poor asthma control. WHAT DOES THIS MEAN? Looking at body composition, rather than weight alone, may give doctors additional information about asthma in children with obesity, and could support more individualized care in the future. Further studies in other groups of children are needed before these measures can be used in routine practice. OABL- eng OTO - NOTNLM OT - asthma OT - pediatric obesity OT - sarcopenic obesity OT - skeletal muscle mass OT - visceral fat COIS- The authors declare no competing interests in this work. EDAT- 2026/07/06 10:10 MHDA- 2026/07/06 10:11 PMCR- 2026/06/29 CRDT- 2026/07/06 05:28 PHST- 2026/02/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/06 10:11 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/06 10:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/06 05:28 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 600914 [pii] AID - 10.2147/JAA.S600914 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Asthma Allergy. 2026 Jun 29;19:600914. doi: 10.2147/JAA.S600914. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42403888 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260706 LR - 20260813 IS - 1178-6965 (Print) IS - 1178-6965 (Electronic) IS - 1178-6965 (Linking) VI - 19 DP - 2026 TI - A Clinical Nomogram for Predicting Early Response to Biologics in Pediatric Allergic Asthma with Comorbid Allergic Rhinitis. PG - 604654 LID - 10.2147/JAA.S604654 [doi] LID - 604654 AB - BACKGROUND: The coexistence of allergic rhinitis (AR) and allergic asthma poses a significant burden on pediatric health. While biologics targeting type 2 inflammation have revolutionized treatment, individual responses vary significantly. There is a lack of practical tools to predict early therapeutic response before initiation. This study aimed to identify key baseline predictors and construct a nomogram to personalize the prediction of early response to biologics in children with AR and allergic asthma. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 246 children (recruited between January 2021 and August 2025) diagnosed with moderate-to-severe allergic AR and allergic asthma who received biologic therapy (Omalizumab or Dupilumab). Early response was assessed at 16 weeks based on a composite outcome involving the Asthma Control Test (ACT), visual analog scale (VAS) for nasal symptoms, and exacerbation history. Independent predictors were identified using LASSO regression and multivariate logistic regression analysis to build a nomogram. The model's performance was evaluated using the concordance index (C-index), calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA). RESULTS: Of the 246 patients, 164 (66.7%) were classified as early responders. Multivariate analysis identified baseline fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), blood eosinophil count (EOS), total IgE levels, comorbidity of atopic dermatitis (AD), and Body Mass Index (BMI) as independent predictors. The developed nomogram demonstrated good discrimination with a C-index of 0.88 (95% CI: 0.83-0.93) in the training cohort and 0.85 (95% CI: 0.78-0.92) in the validation cohort. Calibration curves showed excellent agreement between predicted and observed probabilities. DCA indicated significant clinical net benefit across a wide range of threshold probabilities. CONCLUSION: We successfully developed a novel nomogram incorporating baseline type 2 inflammatory endotypes and AD comorbidity to predict early response to biologics in pediatric patients with allergic asthma and comorbid AR. This tool offers clinicians a practical method to screen potential "super-responders", thereby optimizing therapeutic decision-making and resource allocation. CI - (c) 2026 Wang et al. FAU - Wang, Lixin AU - Wang L AD - Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical University (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical University), Wuhu, Anhui, People's Republic of China. FAU - Kang, Zhaopeng AU - Kang Z AD - Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical University (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical University), Wuhu, Anhui, People's Republic of China. FAU - Ma, Jun AU - Ma J AD - Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical University (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical University), Wuhu, Anhui, People's Republic of China. FAU - Wang, Chuanxi AU - Wang C AD - Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical University (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical University), Wuhu, Anhui, People's Republic of China. FAU - Jiang, Wanjin AU - Jiang W AD - Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical University (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical University), Wuhu, Anhui, People's Republic of China. FAU - Huang, Jingjiang AU - Huang J AD - Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical University (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical University), Wuhu, Anhui, People's Republic of China. FAU - Liu, Shaofeng AU - Liu S AD - Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical University (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical University), Wuhu, Anhui, People's Republic of China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260630 PL - New Zealand TA - J Asthma Allergy JT - Journal of asthma and allergy JID - 101543450 PMC - PMC13332785 OTO - NOTNLM OT - allergic asthma OT - allergic rhinitis OT - biological therapy OT - nomogram OT - pediatrics OT - type 2 inflammation COIS- Lixin Wang and Zhaopeng Kang are co-first authors for this study. The authors declare that they have no competing interests for this work. EDAT- 2026/07/06 10:10 MHDA- 2026/07/06 10:11 PMCR- 2026/06/30 CRDT- 2026/07/06 05:28 PHST- 2026/03/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/06 10:11 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/06 10:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/06 05:28 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 604654 [pii] AID - 10.2147/JAA.S604654 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Asthma Allergy. 2026 Jun 30;19:604654. doi: 10.2147/JAA.S604654. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42403118 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260706 LR - 20260706 IS - 1681-7168 (Electronic) IS - 1022-386X (Linking) VI - 36 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Stature Estimation from Foot Anthropometry in a Pakistani Cohort. PG - 841-845 LID - 10.29271/jcpsp.2026.07.841 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationships between an individual's height and various foot dimensions and to assess the statistical differences between right and left foot measurements. STUDY DESIGN: A cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Forensic Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Ojha Campus, Karachi, Pakistan, from August to October 2024. METHODOLOGY: Healthy individuals of either gender, aged 18 to 60 years, with no physical disability, and who could stand upright without assistance were invited to participate. Individuals with any visible spinal or foot deformity were excluded. Participants were assessed for stature and foot measurements. RESULTS: A total of 112 participants were included in this study. The mean height for both genders was 65.185 +/- 3.7482 inches; the mean left and right foot breadths were 4.566 +/- 2.8491 and 4.481 +/- 1.5324 inches, respectively; the mean left foot length (LFL) and right foot length (RFL) were 9.762 +/- 1.3573 and 9.591 +/- 1.5373 inches, respectively. Foot length (FL) in males (RFL: r = 0.129, LFL: r = 0.224) and females (RFL: r = 0.158, LFL: r = 0.519) had the strongest correlation of all the variables. Specifically, the LFL of females showed a significant correlation with their stature (p <0.001). CONCLUSION: This study corroborates the significant correlation between foot measurements and stature, particularly emphasising the reliability of FL as a predictor of height. KEY WORDS: Stature, Foot, Estimation, Foot anthropometry, Pakistan. FAU - Irshad, Raheela AU - Irshad R AD - Department of Forensic Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Ojha Campus, Karachi, Pakistan. FAU - Baig, Ramsha Urooj AU - Baig RU AD - Department of Forensic Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Ojha Campus, Karachi, Pakistan. FAU - Naz, Ramlah AU - Naz R AD - Department of Forensic Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Ojha Campus, Karachi, Pakistan. FAU - Fatima, Mehreen AU - Fatima M AD - Department of Forensic Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Ojha Campus, Karachi, Pakistan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - Pakistan TA - J Coll Physicians Surg Pak JT - Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP JID - 9606447 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Foot/anatomy & histology MH - Pakistan MH - *Body Height MH - Adult MH - *Anthropometry/methods MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Middle Aged MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult EDAT- 2026/07/06 06:31 MHDA- 2026/07/06 06:32 CRDT- 2026/07/06 03:47 PHST- 2025/09/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/06 06:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/06 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/06 03:47 [entrez] AID - 040579197 [pii] AID - 10.29271/jcpsp.2026.07.841 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2026 Jul;36(7):841-845. doi: 10.29271/jcpsp.2026.07.841. PMID- 42402486 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261012 LR - 20261014 IS - 1437-1596 (Electronic) IS - 0937-9827 (Linking) VI - 140 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Nov TI - Dental age assessment: orthopantomogram-based comparison of traditional methods and artificial intelligence in the adult population. PG - 4167-4179 LID - 10.1007/s00414-026-03908-9 [doi] AB - Dental age estimation in adults represents an important component of forensic odontology and medicolegal practice. Recent artificial intelligence (AI) approaches have demonstrated improved performance compared to traditional morphometric techniques. This study aimed to compare the reliability and accuracy of three conventional dental age estimation methods with an AI-based approach. A total of 1000 digital orthopantomograms of adults aged 18-79 years with known chronological age were retrieved from the Department of Dental Anthropology database at the University of Zagreb School of Dental Medicine. Dental age was assessed using Kvaal's, Drusini's, and Cameriere's methods in ImageJ, and compared with an AI-based convolutional neural network model developed at the University of Zagreb Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) analysis and Bland-Altman plots demonstrated excellent reliability of the AI-based method (ICC = 0.965), with a mean bias of + 4.31 years and superior precision (CV = 4.34%, SEP = 3.64 years). In contrast, traditional methods showed poor reliability: Cameriere (ICC = 0.376; bias of + 9.16 years), Drusini (ICC = 0.331; bias of + 2.21 years), and Kvaal (ICC = 0.310; bias of + 15.7 years). Applicability rates were highest for the AI-based method (91.1%), followed by Cameriere (70.8%), Kvaal (63.1%), and Drusini (39.5%). Although the AI model demonstrated a systematic tendency toward age overestimation, it outperformed conventional methods and shows strong potential for application in forensic dental practice. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Tomljenovic, Filipa AU - Tomljenovic F AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-6629-3244 AD - Department of Dental Anthropology, University of Zagreb School of Dental Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia. fspehar@sfzg.hr. FAU - Vodanovic, Marin AU - Vodanovic M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1935-8657 AD - Department of Dental Anthropology, University of Zagreb School of Dental Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia. AD - University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia. FAU - Sribar, Andrej AU - Sribar A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6517-9895 AD - Department of Dental Anthropology, University of Zagreb School of Dental Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia. AD - Dubrava University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia. FAU - Brkic, Hrvoje AU - Brkic H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4284-7739 AD - Department of Dental Anthropology, University of Zagreb School of Dental Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia. AD - University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia. AD - University of Lisbon Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lisbon, Portugal. FAU - Milosevic, Denis AU - Milosevic D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4214-178X AD - Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia. FAU - Subasic, Marko AU - Subasic M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4321-4557 AD - Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260706 PL - Germany TA - Int J Legal Med JT - International journal of legal medicine JID - 9101456 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Age Determination by Teeth/methods MH - Adult MH - *Radiography, Panoramic MH - Middle Aged MH - Adolescent MH - Aged MH - *Artificial Intelligence MH - Young Adult MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Female MH - Male MH - Convolutional Neural Networks MH - Image Processing, Computer-Assisted OTO - NOTNLM OT - Artificial intelligence OT - Convolutional neural network OT - Deep learning OT - Dental age estimation OT - Forensic odontology OT - Panoramic radiography COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval: The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of the School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb (approval no. 05-PA-12-3/2024; December 10, 2024). The study was conducted in accordance with institutional guidelines and the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent: This study used retrospectively collected, fully anonymised radiographic data obtained during routine clinical practice. The Ethics Committee waived the requirement for informed consent due to the study's retrospective nature and the use of anonymised data. The study complied with the Declaration of Helsinki. Clinical trial number: not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/06 00:30 MHDA- 2026/10/12 17:30 CRDT- 2026/07/05 23:02 PHST- 2026/04/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/12 17:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/06 00:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/05 23:02 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00414-026-03908-9 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00414-026-03908-9 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Legal Med. 2026 Nov;140(6):4167-4179. doi: 10.1007/s00414-026-03908-9. Epub 2026 Jul 6. PMID- 42402421 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260705 LR - 20260813 IS - 1365-2214 (Electronic) IS - 0305-1862 (Print) IS - 0305-1862 (Linking) VI - 52 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Translation and Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the Family Nutrition and Physical Activity Screening Tool for Portuguese Well-Child Visits. PG - e70316 LID - 10.1111/cch.70316 [doi] LID - e70316 AB - BACKGROUND: Family environments play a critical role in shaping children's lifestyle behaviours that influence obesity risk. However, culturally validated instruments to assess these behaviours are lacking in Portuguese primary care. AIM: This study aims to translate and culturally adapt the Family Nutrition and Physical Activity (FNPA) screening tool for use in Portugal (FNPA-PT) and to evaluate its face and content validity through cognitive interviews with parents attending well-child visits. DESIGN AND METHODS: An exploratory, descriptive study followed internationally endorsed guidelines (Beaton; MAPI) for translation and cross-cultural adaptation. The process comprised seven stages: forward translations, synthesis, back translations, comparisons of back translations, expert committee review, cognitive debriefing and final proofreading. Ten parents of five-year-old children attending a public primary care centre in Lisbon completed the FNPA-PT while participating in individual cognitive interviews. Data were analysed using Content Analysis, guided by Tourangeau's four-stage response model. RESULTS: Semantic equivalence between forward and back translations was high (85% of items with satisfactory or perfect equivalence). Minor linguistic and cultural adaptations were introduced to improve clarity and contextual relevance. Cognitive interviews indicated that the FNPA-PT was well understood, acceptable to parents, and feasible to complete during well-child visits. Parents valued the questionnaire's comprehensiveness and its potential to enhance awareness and stimulate discussion about family health behaviours. Minor revisions addressed comprehension issues in three items related to milk consumption, screen time and sleep. CONCLUSIONS: The FNPA-PT demonstrated strong face and content validity and high acceptability among Portuguese parents. It provides a culturally appropriate, family-centred tool for health professionals to support early identification of obesogenic environments and to guide preventive counselling in primary care. The study also offers a transparent methodological pathway for translating and adapting behavioural measures across languages and settings. CI - (c) 2026 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Rodrigues, Sonia Borges AU - Rodrigues SB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9453-4876 AD - Nursing Research, Innovation and Development Centre of Lisbon (CIDNUR), School of Nursing, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal. AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Nursing, School of Nursing, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal. FAU - Rodrigues, Ricardo Borges AU - Rodrigues RB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6720-2905 AD - Department of Psychology, Instituto Universitario de Lisboa (Iscte-IUL), Lisbon, Portugal. AD - Centro de Investigacao e Intervencao Social (CIS-Iscte), Lisbon, Portugal. FAU - Saboga-Nunes, Luis AU - Saboga-Nunes L AD - Department of Public Health, Institute of Sociology, University of Education Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. AD - UNESCO Chair and WHO Collaborating Center in Global Health & Education, Paris, France. FAU - Barros, Luisa AU - Barros L AD - Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal. AD - CICPsi, Center for Research in Psychological Science, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal. FAU - Salantera, Sanna AU - Salantera S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2529-6699 AD - Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. AD - Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Child Care Health Dev JT - Child: care, health and development JID - 7602632 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Portugal/epidemiology MH - Child, Preschool MH - Male MH - Female MH - Translations MH - Cross-Cultural Comparison MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - *Exercise MH - Primary Health Care MH - Parents/psychology MH - *Pediatric Obesity/prevention & control PMC - PMC13382483 OTO - NOTNLM OT - cognitive interviews OT - cultural adaptation OT - family nutrition and physical activity (FNPA) OT - paediatric obesity OT - patient-reported outcome measures OT - primary health care OT - well-child visits COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/06 04:10 MHDA- 2026/07/06 04:11 PMCR- 2026/07/20 CRDT- 2026/07/05 21:42 PHST- 2026/05/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/11/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/06 04:11 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/06 04:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/05 21:42 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - CCH70316 [pii] AID - 10.1111/cch.70316 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Child Care Health Dev. 2026 Jul;52(4):e70316. doi: 10.1111/cch.70316. PMID- 42402274 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260930 LR - 20260930 IS - 1097-6795 (Electronic) IS - 0894-7317 (Linking) VI - 39 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Natural Shear Wave Velocities at Rest Are Associated with Impaired Cardiopulmonary Fitness in Childhood Cancer Survivors. PG - 975-986 LID - S0894-7317(26)00314-7 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.echo.2026.06.009 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Childhood cancer survivors (CCSs) may face hidden cardiotoxicity undetectable by conventional echocardiography; yet it may be related to the impaired cardiopulmonary fitness (CPF) commonly observed in CCSs. High frame rate (HFR) echocardiography captures natural myocardial shear waves (SWs) after mitral valve closure (MVC), providing insights into myocardial stiffness (MS), one of the main determinants of diastolic function. This study explores cardiac function including SW velocities in CCSs compared to healthy peers and its relation to CPF (VO(2peak)). METHODS: We enrolled 142 participants, including 77 asymptomatic CCSs (median age, 19 years [interquartile range, 16,22]) and 65 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers (HVs). All participants underwent resting conventional and HFR echocardiography, followed by an incremental, symptom-limited cardiopulmonary exercise test on a treadmill to determine VO(2peak). Based on exercise performance, CCSs and HVs were subsequently classified as fit or nonfit. RESULTS: In our CCS cohort (mean time since treatment, 5.0 +/- 2.9 years), 9.1% had mildly reduced ejection fraction and 14.3% impaired global longitudinal strain. However, neither correlated with VO(2peak) (P > .05), although GLS showed modest correlation with VO(2peak) standardized to age, sex, and weight (percentage predicted VO(2peak)). Among diastolic indices, E-wave deceleration time was shorter in nonfit CCSs versus fit CCSs and HVs (P < .001) and correlated with the percentage predicted VO(2peak) in the CCS cohort (r = 0.6, P < .001). Interestingly, SW velocities after MVC were significantly higher in nonfit CCSs than in fit CCSs, fit HVs, and nonfit HVs (4.1 +/- 0.5 vs 3.3 +/- 0.3 vs 3.2 +/- 0.3 vs 3.4 +/- 0.2 m/s, respectively; P < .001). Additionally, SW velocities strongly correlated with VO(2peak) (percentage predicted; r = -0.74, P < .001) and predicted impaired CPF with 90% accuracy in CCS. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that resting SW velocities may sensitively indicate increased MS and subclinical cardiac dysfunction, helping to explain impaired CPF in CCSs. Natural SW imaging could have added value in assessing cardiac function and CPF within cardio-oncology, although further studies are needed to confirm its role. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 American Society of Echocardiography. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Youssef, Ahmed S AU - Youssef AS AD - Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt. FAU - Verschueren, Sabine AU - Verschueren S AD - Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Vanrusselt, Deveny AU - Vanrusselt D AD - Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Van Ermengem, Nel AU - Van Ermengem N AD - Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Uyttebroeck, Anne AU - Uyttebroeck A AD - Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Wouters, Laurine AU - Wouters L AD - Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Orlowska, Marta AU - Orlowska M AD - Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Caenen, Annette AU - Caenen A AD - Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Electronics and Information Systems, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. FAU - Duchenne, Jurgen AU - Duchenne J AD - Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Research Group Cardio and Organ Systems, UHasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium; Department of Cardiology, Heart Centre Hasselt, Jessa Hospital, Hasselt, Belgium. FAU - Salerno, Nadia AU - Salerno N AD - Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy. FAU - Hornikx, Miek AU - Hornikx M AD - Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Pleysier, Sophie AU - Pleysier S AD - Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Cools, Bjorn AU - Cools B AD - Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. FAU - D'hooge, Jan AU - D'hooge J AD - Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Voigt, Jens-Uwe AU - Voigt JU AD - Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. Electronic address: jens-uwe.voigt@uzleuven.be. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260705 PL - United States TA - J Am Soc Echocardiogr JT - Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography JID - 8801388 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Cancer Survivors MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - *Echocardiography/methods MH - Exercise Test MH - *Cardiorespiratory Fitness/physiology MH - Global Longitudinal Strain MH - Stroke Volume/physiology MH - *Neoplasms OTO - NOTNLM OT - Childhood cancer survivors OT - Diastolic function OT - Echocardiography OT - High frame rate OT - Myocardial stiffness OT - Natural shear waves COIS- Conflicts of Interest The team at the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences has an ongoing research collaboration with GE Vingmed. The remaining authors have nothing to disclose. EDAT- 2026/07/06 04:10 MHDA- 2026/09/30 23:29 CRDT- 2026/07/05 19:09 PHST- 2026/01/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/30 23:29 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/06 04:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/05 19:09 [entrez] AID - S0894-7317(26)00314-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.echo.2026.06.009 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2026 Oct;39(10):975-986. doi: 10.1016/j.echo.2026.06.009. Epub 2026 Jul 5. PMID- 42401849 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260925 LR - 20260929 IS - 1471-2377 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2377 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 4 TI - Screen time patterns and cognitive screening outcomes (MoCA-Ina) in adolescents: a cross-sectional study. LID - 10.1186/s12883-026-05128-5 [doi] LID - 609 AB - BACKGROUND: Adolescent screen exposure is increasing, yet clinically interpretable thresholds for cognitive risk are unclear. This study examined associations between daily screen time and cognitive screening performance and derived a screen-time cutoff associated with cognitive impairment. METHODS: We conducted an observational cross-sectional study (March-April 2022) at a private junior high school in Indonesia during online learning. Students completed digital questionnaires reporting educational and recreational screen time and a directly reported overall estimate; a computed overall (educational + recreational) was generated to assess reporting consistency. Cognitive function was assessed using the MoCA-Ina, with < 24 as the primary impairment threshold based on recent psychometric evidence favoring lower cutoffs for improved classification accuracy. RESULTS: Sixty-seven adolescents were included (34 girls, 50.7%; 33 boys, 49.3%), with median age 13.0 years (12.0-16.0) and median MoCA-Ina 25.0 (19.0-31.0). MoCA-Ina did not differ by sex (girls 25.0 [19.0-31.0] vs. boys 26.0 [20.0-30.0]; p = 0.244). Recreational screen time correlated inversely with MoCA-Ina (rho = -0.446, p < 0.001), as did overall screen time (rho = -0.360, p = 0.003), whereas educational screen time was not associated (rho = -0.061, p = 0.624). In adjusted regression, overall screen time remained negatively associated with MoCA-Ina (beta = -0.24 per hour/day; 95% CI - 0.41 to - 0.07; p = 0.007), while age was positively associated (beta = 0.96; 95% CI 0.07 to 1.85; p = 0.034). All variance inflation factors were below 2.5, indicating no substantial multicollinearity. ROC analysis showed fair discrimination (AUC 0.66; optimism-corrected AUC after bootstrap internal validation [1,000 resamples]: 0.63) with an optimal cutoff > 8.97 h/day (sensitivity 83.3%, specificity 48.8%, PPV 47.6%, NPV 84.0%); risk of impairment was higher above the cutoff (RR 2.98; 95% CI 1.15-7.72; p = 0.010; OR 4.77; 95% CI 1.40-16.31). CONCLUSIONS: High daily screen exposure was associated with poorer cognitive screening performance. The > 8.97-hour/day threshold represents a preliminary, hypothesis-generating cutoff that may help identify adolescents at elevated likelihood of cognitive impairment, pending external validation in larger, more diverse samples. TRIAL REGISTRATION: 071/K-LKJ/ETIK/II/2022. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Gunawan, Pricilla Yani AU - Gunawan PY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5620-3267 AD - Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Jl. Jenderal Sudirman No.15, Tangerang, Banten, 15810, Indonesia. pricilla.yani@outlook.com. AD - Department of Neurology, Siloam Hospitals Lippo Village, Tangerang, Indonesia. pricilla.yani@outlook.com. FAU - Andraina, Andraina AU - Andraina A AD - Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia. FAU - Wijaya, Jeremiah Hilkiah AU - Wijaya JH AD - School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - Arjuna, Yang Yang Endro AU - Arjuna YYE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5916-1453 AD - Department of Neurology, Siloam Hospitals Lippo Village, Tangerang, Indonesia. AD - Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia. FAU - Gunawan, Patricia Yulita AU - Gunawan PY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3287-0671 AD - Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia. AD - Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260704 PL - England TA - BMC Neurol JT - BMC neurology JID - 100968555 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Screen Time MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Child MH - *Cognitive Dysfunction/diagnosis/psychology MH - *Cognition MH - Media Exposure MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Neuropsychological Tests MH - Indonesia PMC - PMC13613649 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent OT - Cognition OT - ROC curve OT - Screen time COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This observational cross-sectional study was reviewed and approved by the institutional ethics committee of the Faculty of Medicine, Pelita Harapan University (Approval No.: 071/K-LKJ/ETIK/II/2022). The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and applicable local regulations. Written informed consent to participate was obtained from all participants. For any participant under the age of 16 years, written informed consent was obtained from their parent or legal guardian prior to participation. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/05 00:37 MHDA- 2026/09/25 05:31 PMCR- 2026/07/04 CRDT- 2026/07/04 23:34 PHST- 2026/02/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/25 05:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/05 00:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/04 23:34 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12883-026-05128-5 [pii] AID - 5128 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12883-026-05128-5 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Neurol. 2026 Jul 4;26(1):609. doi: 10.1186/s12883-026-05128-5. PMID- 42401427 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260704 LR - 20260813 IS - 2059-7908 (Print) IS - 2059-7908 (Electronic) IS - 2059-7908 (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul 4 TI - Malnutrition trends in displaced Rohingya children from 2017 to 2024: a comprehensive 7-year repeated cross-sectional analysis. LID - 10.1136/bmjgh-2025-023118 [doi] LID - e023118 AB - OBJECTIVES: To assess population-level trends in malnutrition among Rohingya refugee children in Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh, from 2017 to 2024, and examine associations with age, sex, seasonality and food assistance purchasing power. DESIGN: A retrospective repeated cross-sectional study analysing anthropometric and economic data from 2017 to 2024. SETTING: Two primary health clinics in the Kutupalong and Balukhali refugee camps in Cox's Bazar, home to over one million Rohingya refugees including over 440 000 children facing ongoing food insecurity and limited healthcare access. PARTICIPANTS: 13 219 refugee children aged 6-60 months with recorded weight-for-height z-scores (WFZ) and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) data in electronic health records. The majority (>80%) of the data were from routine, non-illness-related visits. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Prevalence and severity of global acute malnutrition (GAM), measured by first-visit WFZ and MUAC. Secondary outcomes included seasonal variation, sex and age disparities and trends in e-voucher purchasing power. RESULTS: From 2017 to 2024, population-level trends in GAM prevalence significantly increased, peaking at 38.4% in 2021. Male children showed poorer nutritional outcomes (mean WFZ: -0.96 vs -0.89 for females; p=0.005), and malnutrition severity rose with age (p<0.0001). Seasonal nutritional declines occurred during monsoon months, particularly among children aged 25-36 months, independent of infectious disease trends. E-voucher purchasing power declined significantly over time due to inflation, correlating with declining WFZ scores (p<0.0001). Agreement between WFZ and MUAC was limited, indicating measurement method discrepancies. CONCLUSIONS: Child malnutrition in the Rohingya refugee population remains above WHO emergency thresholds for GAM (15% or higher) despite ongoing aid. Economic inflation was associated with challenges in food assistance, with relatively greater nutritional risk observed among males and children aged 25-36 and 37-60 months. Seasonal vulnerabilities exacerbate risks during monsoons. Policy responses must adjust food assistance for inflation, prioritise age-specific and gender-sensitive nutritional strategies, and strengthen seasonal preparedness. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ Group. FAU - Tsichlis, Jason T AU - Tsichlis JT AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-5314-5658 AD - Ann & Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, Illinois, USA. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA. FAU - Miura, Yui AU - Miura Y AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-6834-5440 AD - Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA. AD - Health and Education for All, Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Haque, Sajia AU - Haque S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-5364-6129 AD - Health and Education for All, Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Shamim, Abu M AU - Shamim AM AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-9288-084X AD - State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Yasmin, Nawzia AU - Yasmin N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9374-3580 AD - State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Abid, Md Ruhul AU - Abid MR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2981-2638 AD - Brown University Warren Alpert Medical School, Providence, Rhode Island, USA Ruhul_abid@brown.edu. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260704 PL - England TA - BMJ Glob Health JT - BMJ global health JID - 101685275 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - *Refugees/statistics & numerical data MH - Infant MH - Female MH - Child, Preschool MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Bangladesh/epidemiology MH - Prevalence MH - *Malnutrition/epidemiology MH - Seasons PMC - PMC13343075 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Child health OT - Global Health OT - Nutrition OT - Public Health COIS- Competing interests: None declared. EDAT- 2026/07/05 00:37 MHDA- 2026/07/05 00:38 PMCR- 2026/07/04 CRDT- 2026/07/04 20:32 PHST- 2025/12/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/05 00:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/05 00:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/04 20:32 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjgh-2025-023118 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjgh-2025-023118 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Glob Health. 2026 Jul 4;11(7):e023118. doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2025-023118. PMID- 42401398 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260807 LR - 20260807 IS - 1095-8304 (Electronic) IS - 0195-6663 (Linking) VI - 226 DP - 2026 Nov 1 TI - Gratitude for food as a driver of improved dietary behaviors: A scoping review. PG - 108703 LID - S0195-6663(26)00265-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.appet.2026.108703 [doi] AB - Gratitude for food (GF) is a positive emotional response linked to healthier dietary behaviors, mindful eating, and food waste reduction. Despite increasing research interest internationally and in Japan, existing research has not been systematically integrated, and measurement tools remain fragmented. This study aims to systematically map and synthesize international and Japanese studies on GF, clarify current knowledge, detail the characteristics and thematic focuses of existing research, critically examine the variety and validation status of GF measurement tools, and identify the cultural and methodological gaps within the literature. A scoping review following PRISMA-ScR guidelines was conducted. Searches of five databases-SCOPUS, PubMed, EBSCO host, Ichushi-web, and J-stage-in English and Japanese were conducted covering publications from 1995 to 2025. Data extraction included study characteristics, GF measurement tools, and intervention details. Quantitative text mining analyzed the research themes. Thirty-nine studies were included, encompassing cross-sectional, intervention, qualitative, mixed-methods, and scale development designs. Five research focus clusters emerged: school lunches, nutrition education programs, food waste, mindful eating, and scale development. Five validated GF scales were identified, some with cross-cultural adaptations, but their use and validation were fragmented. Intervention studies were predominantly non-randomized controlled trials in Japan, focusing on school-aged children, with mixed evidence on effectiveness. GF is a culturally nuanced construct with important implications for promoting healthier dietary habits, reducing food waste, and fostering mindful eating. Future research should focus on harmonizing measurement tools and conducting rigorous intervention studies to advance the field. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Kawasaki, Yui AU - Kawasaki Y AD - Institute for SDGs Promotion, Organization for Social Implementation of Sustainability, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8610, Japan. Electronic address: kawasaki.yui@ocha.ac.jp. FAU - Nagao-Sato, Sayaka AU - Nagao-Sato S AD - Graduate School of Public Health, Shizuoka Graduate University of Public Health, 4-27-2, Kita Ando, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka, 420-0881, Japan. Electronic address: sysato@s-sph.ac.jp. FAU - Yoshii, Emi AU - Yoshii E AD - Department of Food and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Human Development, The University of Nagano, Japan. Electronic address: yoshii.emi@u-nagano.ac.jp. FAU - Akamatsu, Rie AU - Akamatsu R AD - Natural Science Division, Faculty of Core Research, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8610, Japan. Electronic address: akamatsu.rie@ocha.ac.jp. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Scoping Review DEP - 20260704 PL - England TA - Appetite JT - Appetite JID - 8006808 RN - 0 (Food Loss and Waste) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - *Diet, Healthy/psychology MH - Japan MH - Food Loss and Waste MH - Child MH - Mindfulness MH - *Food MH - Emotions MH - Health Behavior OTO - NOTNLM OT - Dietary behavior OT - Food waste OT - Gratitude OT - Mindful eating OT - Nutrition education COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Yui Kawasaki reports financial support was provided by the Moritani Scholarship Foundation [no grant number]. EDAT- 2026/07/05 00:37 MHDA- 2026/08/08 00:40 CRDT- 2026/07/04 19:34 PHST- 2026/03/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/08 00:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/05 00:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/04 19:34 [entrez] AID - S0195-6663(26)00265-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.appet.2026.108703 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Appetite. 2026 Nov 1;226:108703. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2026.108703. Epub 2026 Jul 4. PMID- 42400239 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260704 LR - 20260817 IS - 1369-7625 (Electronic) IS - 1369-6513 (Print) IS - 1369-6513 (Linking) VI - 29 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Exploring the Acceptability of Integrating Dietitians Into Primary Care Dental Services for Children. PG - e70753 LID - 10.1111/hex.70753 [doi] LID - e70753 AB - BACKGROUND: Dental caries is a common childhood non-communicable disease strongly associated with high sugar intake. Beyond oral health, a poor diet can affect children's growth, development, and overall well-being. While dietary advice is central to preventive dental care, some primary care dental clinics have introduced body mass index (BMI) assessments and further dietary advice to address wider nutritional concerns in children. However, these efforts are often constrained by limited nutrition training, time constraints and concerns about sensitivity. Integrating dietitians into primary dental care may help overcome these barriers by enhancing dietary guidance, supporting broader nutritional needs and facilitating structured BMI assessments with appropriate follow-up. AIM: To explore the acceptability of integrating dietitians into primary dental care for children, guided by the theoretical framework of acceptability (TFA). METHODS: Dental professionals and caregivers were recruited from South West England, and dietitians from across the United Kingdom (April-December 2024). Semi-structured interviews were analysed inductively using reflexive thematic analysis. Findings were interpreted through the TFA to examine how emotional, ethical and structural factors shaped perceptions of acceptability. RESULTS: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 23 participants: 10 dental professionals, 6 dietitians and 7 caregivers. Four inductive themes captured participants reasoning: (1) Balancing enthusiasm and sensitivity; (2) Negotiating the realities of integration; (3) Clarifying boundaries and expertise and (4) Building collective confidence. These themes aligned closely with the TFA, showing how emotional, ethical and structural factors interacted. Acceptability emerged as a dynamic balance of emotional and ethical alignment, practical feasibility, conceptual clarity and shared confidence. Perceived effectiveness was a unifying thread, with integration seen as acceptable when safeguards ensured emotional safety, ethical grounding and organisational support. CONCLUSION: Integrating dietitians was viewed as widely acceptable when collaboratively, sensitively and structurally delivered and supported. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Health Expectations published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Hallewell, Lauren AU - Hallewell L AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-6039-1274 AD - School of Health Professions, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK. FAU - Bescos, Raul AU - Bescos R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3939-4743 AD - School of Health Professions, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK. FAU - Brookes, Zoe AU - Brookes Z AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8096-6256 AD - Peninsula Dental School, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK. FAU - Parkin, Tracey AU - Parkin T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7081-2253 AD - School of Health Professions, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK. FAU - Witton, Robert AU - Witton R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6424-4376 AD - Peninsula Dental School, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK. FAU - Casas-Agustench, Patricia AU - Casas-Agustench P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4424-1087 AD - School of Health Professions, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Health Expect JT - Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy JID - 9815926 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Nutritionists/psychology MH - *Primary Health Care/organization & administration MH - Child MH - Female MH - *Dental Care for Children/organization & administration MH - Male MH - Interviews as Topic MH - United Kingdom MH - Attitude of Health Personnel MH - Caregivers/psychology MH - Adult MH - England MH - Dentists/psychology PMC - PMC13332333 OTO - NOTNLM OT - children OT - dentistry OT - dietitian OT - interprofessional OT - nutrition COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Relevant professional affiliations include the British Dietetic Association, British Dental Association, College of Dietitians-Nutritionists of Catalonia and Member of the Association for Nutritionists. EDAT- 2026/07/04 16:11 MHDA- 2026/07/04 16:12 PMCR- 2026/07/03 CRDT- 2026/07/04 02:23 PHST- 2026/05/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/11/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/04 16:12 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/04 16:11 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/04 02:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - HEX70753 [pii] AID - 10.1111/hex.70753 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Health Expect. 2026 Aug;29(4):e70753. doi: 10.1111/hex.70753. PMID- 42399850 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260807 LR - 20260813 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 3 TI - Formative research on a post-discharge monitoring program using SQ-LNS to reduce acute malnutrition relapse risk in Mali : a qualitative study. LID - 10.1186/s12889-026-28378-x [doi] LID - 2296 AB - INTRODUCTION: Up to 75% of children treated for severe acute malnutrition (SAM) relapse within six months of recovery, yet evidence on post-discharge interventions remains limited. We conducted a formative assessment to understand how small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements (SQ-LNS) could be integrated in post-discharge care to prevent relapse. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to inform whether and how a program integrating SQ-LNS into post-discharge monitoring could be implemented in Mali. Specifically, we aimed to: 1) identify barriers and enablers to post-discharge monitoring, 2) develop one or more post-discharge models based on recommendations, 3) understand the feasibility of these model(s), 4) describe acceptability of the model(s) and product, and 5) propose a final model to be piloted at larger scale. METHODS: This formative study comprised two iterative phases conducted between September 2024 and May 2025. In exploratory Phase One, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 12 caregivers of children with SAM and eight treatment providers, in triangulation with 13 focus groups among caregivers, health care workers (HCW's), and supervisors. Themes included current practices, anticipated challenges, and service delivery preferences. Findings informed a confirmatory Phase Two involving four direct observations of three delivery models implemented at four sites and 13 interviews with similar participants. Textual data were coded and thematically analyzed using Dedoose software. RESULTS: Although national guidelines recommend routine post-discharge monitoring for SAM children, it was rarely practiced due to limited awareness among HCW's. Both caregivers and HCW's supported the idea of post-SAM monitoring, preferring on-site over home visits for feasibility. Caregivers valued growth monitoring, interacting with HCW's, and nutritional supplementation. While unfamiliar with SQ-LNS, caregivers viewed it positively based on their experience with therapeutic foods. Three delivery models were tested: (1) weekly visits for one month transitioning to fortnightly thereafter, (2) fortnightly visits and program days, and (3) fortnightly visits for caregivers and weekly program days at the health site. Model three proved most feasible for caregivers and providers. CONCLUSION: This formative research informed a program design that aligns with caregiver preferences and health system capacity, requiring minimal external support. Fortnightly post-discharge monitoring paired with SQ-LNS supplementation at treatment sites is recommended. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Heymsfield, Grace AU - Heymsfield G AD - International Rescue Committee, New York, NY, USA. grace.heymsfield@rescue.org. FAU - Kangas, Suvi T AU - Kangas ST AD - International Rescue Committee, Brussels, Belgium. FAU - Cichon, Bernardette AU - Cichon B AD - International Rescue Committee, London, UK. FAU - Coulibaly, Issa Niamanto AU - Coulibaly IN AD - International Rescue Committee, Bamako, Mali. FAU - Diarra, Niele Hawa AU - Diarra NH AD - International Rescue Committee, Bamako, Mali. FAU - Diassana, Koniba AU - Diassana K AD - International Rescue Committee, Bamako, Mali. FAU - Haidara, Alhousseyni AU - Haidara A AD - International Rescue Committee, Bamako, Mali. FAU - Ouologuem, Bareye AU - Ouologuem B AD - Sub-division of Nutrition, Ministry of Health, Bamako, Mali. FAU - Diarra, Samba AU - Diarra S AD - University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali. FAU - Kodish, Stephen AU - Kodish S AD - Penn State University, Penn State, University Park, PA, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260703 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 RN - 0 (Lipids) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Mali MH - Qualitative Research MH - *Severe Acute Malnutrition/prevention & control MH - Infant MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Patient Discharge MH - *Dietary Supplements MH - Recurrence MH - Focus Groups MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Lipids/administration & dosage MH - Interviews as Topic MH - Caregivers/psychology PMC - PMC13445792 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Acceptability OT - Feasibility OT - Formative research OT - Mali OT - Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) OT - Small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplement (SQ-LNS) COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the International Rescue Committee (H 1.00.080) and the Ethical Committee of the University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako (N.2024/211/USTTB). The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed oral consent was obtained from participants. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/04 00:33 MHDA- 2026/08/07 06:35 PMCR- 2026/07/03 CRDT- 2026/07/03 23:56 PHST- 2025/12/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/07 06:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/04 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/03 23:56 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-28378-x [pii] AID - 28378 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-28378-x [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2026 Jul 3;26(1):2296. doi: 10.1186/s12889-026-28378-x. PMID- 42399820 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261004 LR - 20261007 IS - 1471-2431 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2431 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 4 TI - Nomogram for predicting 6-month BMIZ changes in children with Crohn's disease: a single-center retrospective study. LID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07258-8 [doi] LID - 936 AB - BACKGROUND: Perianal disease (PD) is an aggressive phenotype in children with Crohn's disease (CD), but its measurable impact on short-term nutritional recovery remains understudied. This study aimed to evaluate the independent effect of PD on the 6-month Body Mass Index Z-score (BMIZ) trajectory and to develop a practical nomogram for early risk stratification in pediatric CD. METHODS: A single-center retrospective cohort of 51 pediatric CD patients (29 with PD and 22 without PD) with at least 6 months of follow-up was enrolled from a tertiary hospital in Fujian, southern China, between July 2017 and March 2025. BMIZ trajectories over time were estimated using linear mixed models (LMM). Predictors of 6-month DeltaBMIZ were screened using univariate regression (P < 0.20), followed by LASSO regression (tenfold cross-validation) to construct a nomogram. Model performance was internally validated using 1000 bootstrap resamples (R(2), MAE, RMSE) and calibration plots. Decision curve analysis (DCA) was performed to evaluate clinical utility for predicting inadequate nutritional recovery (DeltaBMIZ 20) among the SWE parameters, TM thickness emerged as the strongest independent predictor of malnutrition (OR = 0.428, p < 0.001). ROC analyses demonstrated that TM thickness yielded the highest diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.887). A cut-off value of approximately 11.15 mm for this parameter provided a sensitivity of 82.9% and specificity of 90.7%. The DeLong test results confirmed that the discriminatory power of TM thickness was statistically superior to that of the elastography data. CONCLUSIONS: TM thickness measurement via B-mode ultrasound is a practical, reproducible, and promising adjunctive point-of-care parameter for detecting malnutrition-induced muscle atrophy in pediatric patients, demonstrating superiority over SWE parameters; however, external multicenter validation is warranted before routine clinical implementation. CI - (c) 2026 Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Ayvaz, Huseyin AU - Ayvaz H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0267-3295 AD - Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey. FAU - Tasolar, Sevgi Demiroz AU - Tasolar SD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9836-6814 AD - Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey. FAU - Gok, Emre AU - Gok E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9458-8076 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey. FAU - Gungor, Sukru AU - Gungor S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0433-5970 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey. FAU - Varol, Fatma Ilknur AU - Varol FI AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5212-218X AD - Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey. FAU - Tasolar, Mehmet Hakan AU - Tasolar MH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5657-7170 AD - Department of Cardiology, Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260703 PL - United States TA - J Clin Ultrasound JT - Journal of clinical ultrasound : JCU JID - 0401663 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - muscle atrophy OT - pediatric malnutrition OT - shear wave elastography OT - temporal muscle OT - ultrasonography EDAT- 2026/07/04 00:33 MHDA- 2026/07/04 00:33 CRDT- 2026/07/03 21:42 PHST- 2026/06/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/04 00:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/04 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/03 21:42 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/jcu.70320 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - J Clin Ultrasound. 2026 Jul 3. doi: 10.1002/jcu.70320. PMID- 42398892 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261023 LR - 20261023 IS - 1953-8022 (Electronic) IS - 1246-7820 (Linking) VI - 33 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Nov TI - Albumin priming enables safe and effective red blood cell exchange in low-weight children with sickle cell disease. PG - 229-234 LID - S1246-7820(26)00099-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.tracli.2026.06.011 [doi] AB - Red blood cell (RBC) exchanges (RCE) are particularly efficient to treat and prevent complications in patients with sickle cell anemia (SCA). However, the low-weight of young children is a barrier to their use. Spectra Optia is a therapeutic apheresis platform that enables automatic priming to prevent hemodynamic complications in low-weight children. The easiest method is to use albumin for priming, which is allowed by the software. We conducted a retrospective monocenter analysis of the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of albumin priming during RCE (RCE/Alb-primed) in 19 children weighing 12 to 23kg for a total of 153 sessions. They were treated either on an emergency basis (8 children, 8 sessions), before surgery (2 children, 4 sessions) or as part of a RCE program (9 children, 141 sessions). Indications of RCE/Alb-primed sessions included: (i) an extracorporeal volume of the kit equal to 15% of the child's total blood volume; (ii) a weight of less than 20kg; or (iii) a weight between 20 and 25kg with a hematocrit (Hct) of 20% or less. We monitored Grade 2 adverse events (AEs) during the sessions, in extenso decreased blood pressure, increased heart rate and fatigue. Post-apheresis hematocrit and the fraction of cell remaining (FCR) values after RCE were compared to the expected ones. A low incidence of complications was observed in the 153 RCE/Alb-primed sessions with only 1 episodes of transient Grade 2 AEs. Post-apheresis Hct and FCR reached expected values with the RCE/Alb-primed method. In conclusion, RCE/Alb-primed seems to be safe and efficient in young SCA children and should be proposed systematically for curative RCE or prophylactic programs. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Societe francophone de transfusion sanguine (SFTS). Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. FAU - Hequet, O AU - Hequet O AD - Service d'Apherese, etablissement francais du sang Rhone Alpes, centre hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Benite, France; Inserm U1111, CIRI, Centre International for Infectiology Research, universite de Lyon, Lyon, France. Electronic address: olivier.hequet@efs.sante.fr. FAU - Revesz, D AU - Revesz D AD - Service d'Apherese, etablissement francais du sang Rhone Alpes, centre hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Benite, France. FAU - Chelghoum, Y AU - Chelghoum Y AD - Service d'Apherese, etablissement francais du sang Rhone Alpes, centre hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Benite, France. FAU - Kebaili, K AU - Kebaili K AD - Institut d'hematologie et d'oncologie pediatrique, hospices civils de Lyon, Lyon, France. FAU - Peugnet, A L AU - Peugnet AL AD - Institut d'hematologie et d'oncologie pediatrique, hospices civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; Laboratoire interuniversitaire de biologie de la motricite (LIBM) EA7424, equipe "Biologie vasculaire et du globule rouge", universite Claude-Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France. FAU - Villars, A AU - Villars A AD - Service immuno-hematologie et distribution, etablissement francais du sang Auvergne Rhone Alpes, centre hospitalier Edouard-Herriot, Lyon, France. FAU - Baud, C AU - Baud C AD - Service immuno-hematologie et distribution, etablissement francais du sang Auvergne Rhone Alpes, centre hospitalier Lyon Sud, Lyon, France. FAU - Cognasse, F AU - Cognasse F AD - Departement scientifique, etablissement francais du sang Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes, Saint-Etienne, France; Inserm U1059 SAINBIOSE, universite Jean-Monnet, mines Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France. FAU - Guironnet-Paquet, A AU - Guironnet-Paquet A AD - Service d'Apherese, etablissement francais du sang Rhone Alpes, centre hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Benite, France; Inserm U1111, CIRI, Centre International for Infectiology Research, universite de Lyon, Lyon, France. FAU - Halfon-Domenech, C AU - Halfon-Domenech C AD - Institut d'hematologie et d'oncologie pediatrique, hospices civils de Lyon, Lyon, France. FAU - Joly, P AU - Joly P AD - Laboratoire interuniversitaire de biologie de la motricite (LIBM) EA7424, equipe "Biologie vasculaire et du globule rouge", universite Claude-Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France; Laboratoire de biologie medicale multi-site. service de biochimie et biologie moleculaire, hospices civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; Laboratoire d'excellence sur le globule rouge (Labex GR-Ex), Paris, France. FAU - Connes, P AU - Connes P AD - Laboratoire interuniversitaire de biologie de la motricite (LIBM) EA7424, equipe "Biologie vasculaire et du globule rouge", universite Claude-Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France; Laboratoire d'excellence sur le globule rouge (Labex GR-Ex), Paris, France. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260703 PL - France TA - Transfus Clin Biol JT - Transfusion clinique et biologique : journal de la Societe francaise de transfusion sanguine JID - 9423846 RN - 0 (Albumins) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Anemia, Sickle Cell/therapy/blood MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Erythrocyte Transfusion/methods/adverse effects MH - Female MH - Male MH - Child, Preschool MH - Child MH - *Albumins/administration & dosage/therapeutic use MH - Hematocrit MH - Feasibility Studies MH - Body Weight MH - Adolescent MH - Blood Component Removal/methods OTO - NOTNLM OT - Priming OT - Red blood cell exchange OT - Sickle cell disease EDAT- 2026/07/04 00:33 MHDA- 2026/10/23 23:30 CRDT- 2026/07/03 19:39 PHST- 2026/05/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/23 23:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/04 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/03 19:39 [entrez] AID - S1246-7820(26)00099-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.tracli.2026.06.011 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Transfus Clin Biol. 2026 Nov;33(4):229-234. doi: 10.1016/j.tracli.2026.06.011. Epub 2026 Jul 3. PMID- 42397854 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260703 IS - 1476-8305 (Electronic) IS - 1028-415X (Linking) DP - 2026 Jul 3 TI - Integrated analysis of nutrition profiles and dried blood spot proteomics reveals patterns associated with autism spectrum disorder. PG - 1-16 LID - 10.1080/1028415X.2026.2684633 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether dietary behavior-derived nutritional profiles and proteomic analysis of dried blood spots (DBS) could identify patterns associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). METHODS: A total of 29 children with ASD (mean age, 56.0 +/- 8.7 months; 23 boys) and 27 control children (mean age, 60.6 +/- 9.5 months; 20 boys) participated in the study. Three-day food records were used to assess nutrient and food group intakes. Blood samples were collected as DBS. To evaluate group separation, partial least squares discriminant analysis was applied to food group data, nutrient intake, and proteomic data. Balanced accuracy (average of sensitivity and specificity) was estimated using 5-fold cross-validation (100 repeats). Candidate markers were selected based on variable importance in projection (VIP) scores, followed by pathway enrichment analysis of proteomic candidates. Tripartite relationships among candidate nutritional and proteomic markers and clinical measures (Childhood Autism Rating Scale; Aberrant Behavior Checklist; Social Responsiveness Scale; Full-Scale IQ; Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales) were explored using correlation heatmaps. RESULTS: We prioritized 18 candidate nutritional markers and 10 proteomic markers. The proteins were significantly enriched in nervous system pathways. Correlation analyses revealed several tripartite relationships among nutritional markers, proteomic markers, and clinical measures, including an S100A6-(omega-6 intake or meat intake)-clinical measures relationship and an ALDH18A1-nuts/seeds intake-clinical measures relationship. DISCUSSION: Specific combinations of nutritional profiles and DBS-derived proteomic signatures were associated with symptom severity and functional outcomes in children with ASD. Dietary intake may help interpret these molecular and clinical patterns. Future studies are necessary to elucidate these interrelationships. FAU - Kwon, Hoshik AU - Kwon H AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-0591-2696 AD - Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Yoon, Su-In AU - Yoon SI AD - Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea. FAU - Baek, Sooyeon AU - Baek S AD - Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea. FAU - Hyun, Yerin AU - Hyun Y AD - Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Ju Yeon AU - Kim JY AD - Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Park, Dong Hui AU - Park DH AD - Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Yu, Jiyoung AU - Yu J AD - Convergence Medicine Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Cho, Jin Ah AU - Cho JA AD - Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea. AD - Glocal Life Care Convergence Program, Interdisciplinary Education Center for the Innovative Next Generation Leaders in Glocal Lifecare, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Hyo-Won AU - Kim HW AD - Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Kyunggon AU - Kim K AD - Convergence Medicine Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. AD - Department of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Brain Korea 21 plus, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260703 PL - England TA - Nutr Neurosci JT - Nutritional neuroscience JID - 100892202 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Autism spectrum disorder OT - nutrition OT - proteomics EDAT- 2026/07/03 18:34 MHDA- 2026/07/03 18:34 CRDT- 2026/07/03 13:42 PHST- 2026/07/03 18:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/03 18:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/03 13:42 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/1028415X.2026.2684633 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Nutr Neurosci. 2026 Jul 3:1-16. doi: 10.1080/1028415X.2026.2684633. PMID- 42397661 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261013 LR - 20261015 IS - 1590-1262 (Electronic) IS - 1124-4909 (Print) IS - 1124-4909 (Linking) VI - 31 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 3 TI - An interactive web-based tool for computing BMI standard deviation scores in Italian children and adolescents using national growth references. LID - 10.1007/s40519-026-01887-9 [doi] LID - 86 AB - BACKGROUND: Body mass index (BMI) standard deviation scores (SDS) are essential for age- and sex-adjusted assessments in pediatric populations, including growth trajectories. Their accuracy depends on the use of population-specific reference data, as BMI distributions vary substantially across countries. Despite the availability of internationally recognized growth standards, no accessible computational tool tailored to Italian normative data has been previously described. OBJECTIVES: This paper describes the development and validation of an interactive, freely accessible web-based calculator for deriving BMI-SDS in Italian children and adolescents, based on the nationally representative Cacciari et al. (2006) growth reference dataset. METHODS: BMI-SDS computation is based on the LMS parameterization of Italian reference curves, which provide sex-specific L (skewness), M (median), and S (coefficient of variation) values at half-year age intervals from 2 to 20 years for a nationally representative Italian sample of approximately 70,000 children and adolescents. RESULTS: The tool was implemented in R using the Shiny web application framework and is hosted at https://turius.shinyapps.io/BMI_SDS_IT/ . Given user-entered weight, height, age, and sex, the tool computes BMI (kg/m(2)), derives the corresponding BMI-SDS and returns i) age- and sex-adjusted BMI-SDS; ii) the corresponding percentile; iii) a graphical representation of the individual's position on the reference distribution. CONCLUSIONS: The tool offers a straightforward, clinician- and researcher-friendly interface for computing age- and sex-standardized BMI scores using Italian-specific references, supporting more accurate weight-status classification in both clinical practice and epidemiological research. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Tarchi, Livio AU - Tarchi L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9931-5621 AD - Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, Florence, FI, Italy. livio.tarchi@unifi.it. AD - Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, FI, Italy. livio.tarchi@unifi.it. AD - University Hospital of Florence, Florence, FI, Italy. livio.tarchi@unifi.it. FAU - Mattesini, Elena AU - Mattesini E AD - Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, FI, Italy. FAU - Dani, Cristiano AU - Dani C AD - Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, Florence, FI, Italy. AD - Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, FI, Italy. FAU - D'Areglia, Eleonora AU - D'Areglia E AD - University Hospital of Florence, Florence, FI, Italy. FAU - Castellini, Giovanni AU - Castellini G AD - Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, FI, Italy. AD - University Hospital of Florence, Florence, FI, Italy. FAU - Ricca, Valdo AU - Ricca V AD - Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, FI, Italy. AD - University Hospital of Florence, Florence, FI, Italy. LA - eng GR - PE0000006/Ministero dell'Universita e della Ricerca/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260703 PL - Germany TA - Eat Weight Disord JT - Eating and weight disorders : EWD JID - 9707113 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - *Body Mass Index MH - Child MH - Female MH - Italy MH - Male MH - Internet MH - Reference Values MH - Child, Preschool MH - Young Adult MH - Growth Charts MH - Body Weight/physiology MH - Software PMC - PMC13658362 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Anorexia OT - BMI z-score OT - Growth curve OT - Obesity OT - Overweight OT - Underweight OT - Weight COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Not applicable. The project does not involve testing on human subjects, user studies, or gathering data from users. The software analyzes or utilizes data that are already in the public domain and fully anonymized. The project does not process personally identifiable information or sensitive data. The software is not a diagnostic tool or part of a clinical trial. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/03 12:32 MHDA- 2026/10/13 05:31 PMCR- 2026/07/03 CRDT- 2026/07/03 11:16 PHST- 2026/03/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/13 05:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/03 12:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/03 11:16 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s40519-026-01887-9 [pii] AID - 1887 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s40519-026-01887-9 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Eat Weight Disord. 2026 Jul 3;31(1):86. doi: 10.1007/s40519-026-01887-9. PMID- 42396673 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260717 IS - 1475-2719 (Electronic) IS - 0029-6651 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jul 3 TI - Using positive social influences to increase children's vegetable intake. PG - 1-9 LID - 10.1017/S0029665126105060 [doi] AB - Despite the established health benefits of vegetables, most children do not consume enough to meet dietary recommendations. Early childhood is a critical period for shaping lifelong eating habits, and social eating experiences play an important role in this learning. This review synthesises evidence on how positive social influences support children's vegetable intake. Findings across shared eating occasions, positive eating atmosphere, modelling and social facilitation demonstrate that social experiences shape healthy dietary behaviour, including vegetable intake. The review also highlights the importance of individual differences, including children's eating behaviours and household characteristics such as socioeconomic status, food insecurity and household chaos, which may influence both the feasibility and effectiveness of creating positive social eating environments. In addition, the review identifies key opportunities for intervention and emphasises the need for more longitudinal research to understand how social eating processes evolve across development. Together, the evidence underscores the potential of positive social influences to enhance children's vegetable consumption and supports the development of tailored, socially grounded nutrition interventions. FAU - Edwards, Katie L AU - Edwards KL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1076-8382 AD - School of Psychology, https://ror.org/03angcq70University of Birmingham, UK. FAU - Higgs, Suzanne AU - Higgs S AD - School of Psychology, https://ror.org/03angcq70University of Birmingham, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260703 PL - England TA - Proc Nutr Soc JT - The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society JID - 7505881 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Children's eating OT - Eating atmosphere OT - Modelling OT - Social influences OT - Vegetable intake EDAT- 2026/07/03 06:31 MHDA- 2026/07/03 06:31 CRDT- 2026/07/03 05:52 PHST- 2026/07/03 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/03 06:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/03 05:52 [entrez] AID - S0029665126105060 [pii] AID - 10.1017/S0029665126105060 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Proc Nutr Soc. 2026 Jul 3:1-9. doi: 10.1017/S0029665126105060. PMID- 42395293 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260703 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Mediating role of exercise behavioral intention in the relationship between exercise self-efficacy and physical activity levels in vocational education students. PG - 1833167 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1833167 [doi] LID - 1833167 AB - BACKGROUND: Social Cognitive Theory and the Theory of Planned Behavior suggest that self-efficacy influences physical activity through behavioral intention; however, evidence in vocational students is scarce. OBJECTIVE: This study examined whether exercise behavioral intention mediates the association between exercise self-efficacy and physical activity levels among vocational education students in Shanghai. METHODS: A cross sectional survey was conducted with 992 students from four vocational colleges. Participants completed validated measures of exercise self-efficacy (nine items, 1-10 scale), exercise behavioral intention (five items, 5-point Likert scale), and physical activity (IPAQ-SF). Data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 (IBM Corporation, Armonk, New York, USA) and AMOS 26.0 (IBM Corporation, Armonk, New York, USA), adjusting for gender, age, and education level. RESULTS: Exercise self-efficacy was positively associated with exercise behavioral intention (r = 0.612, p < 0.001) and physical activity (r = 0.322, p < 0.001). Mediation analysis showed that behavioral intention partially mediated this relationship (indirect effect = 0.122, 95% CI [0.085, 0.163]), accounting for 45.19% of the total effect. CONCLUSION: Exercise self-efficacy is associated with physical activity both directly and indirectly via behavioral intention in vocational students. Interventions enhancing self-efficacy and behavioral intention may support higher activity levels, though longitudinal studies are needed to confirm directionality. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Jing, Zhai, Xu, Wu and Wang. FAU - Jing, Ziyang AU - Jing Z AD - Shanghai Technician School, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, China. FAU - Zhai, Rongxuan AU - Zhai R AD - Department of Sports Medicine, Sport and Health Research Center, Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), Physical Education Department, Tongji University, Shanghai, China. FAU - Xu, Zihan AU - Xu Z AD - School of Public Administration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China. FAU - Wu, Xudong AU - Wu X AD - Shanghai Technician School, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, China. FAU - Wang, Lejun AU - Wang L AD - Department of Sports Medicine, Sport and Health Research Center, Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), Physical Education Department, Tongji University, Shanghai, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260618 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Self Efficacy MH - *Intention MH - Female MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - Male MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Students/psychology/statistics & numerical data MH - *Vocational Education MH - China MH - Young Adult MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Adult MH - Theory of Planned Behavior MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13323127 OTO - NOTNLM OT - exercise behavioral intention OT - exercise self-efficacy OT - mediating effect OT - physical activity OT - vocational education students COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/03 06:31 MHDA- 2026/07/03 16:10 PMCR- 2026/06/18 CRDT- 2026/07/03 05:20 PHST- 2026/03/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/03 16:10 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/03 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/03 05:20 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1833167 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2026 Jun 18;14:1833167. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1833167. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42394860 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260703 LR - 20260813 IS - 2048-6790 (Electronic) IS - 2048-6790 (Linking) VI - 15 DP - 2026 TI - Development and validation of a food frequency questionnaire for national nutrition surveillance among Malaysian adolescents and adults. PG - e48 LID - 10.1017/jns.2026.10119 [doi] LID - e48 AB - Food habits vary across ethnic groups and geographical regions. However, validated dietary assessment tools accounting for such diversity remain limited. A semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was developed and validated to assess the habitual food intake of adolescents and adults across Malaysia. The 147-item FFQ was constructed using commonly consumed foods from five main ethnicities (Malay, Chinese, Indian, and Sabah and Sarawak indigenous groups) identified from national surveys. A cross-sectional validation study was conducted among purposively sampled healthy individuals aged 10-59 years from 16 administrative regions. Trained community nutritionists administered the FFQ to assess monthly intake, alongside a three-day dietary record and recall (3DRR) covering two weekdays and one weekend. Spearman's correlation, Bland-Altman plots, and quartile cross-classification evaluated the agreement between the FFQ and 3DRR for energy, macronutrients, and selected micronutrients (Vitamin C, thiamine, calcium, and iron). Respondents (n = 361; 50.3% adults, 49.7% adolescents) were 50.4% female and represented five main ethnicities (range: 15.8-25.2%), with 60.4% from Peninsular Malaysia. Energy intake estimated by the FFQ (median: 2285 kcal) was significantly higher than by the 3DRR (median: 1785 kcal; Wilcoxon p < 0.001). Spearman's correlation coefficients observed for energy (crude r = 0.31), and selected nutrients (energy-adjusted r range: 0.19-0.38), along with <10% of extreme quartile misclassification indicated acceptable ranking ability and agreement for most nutrients. Bland-Altman plots indicated no proportional bias for energy and macronutrients. In conclusion, the FFQ is a valid tool for assessing dietary intake within the multi-ethnic Malaysian population nationwide. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. FAU - Wong, Kimberly Yuin Y'ng AU - Wong KYY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4745-8735 AD - Centre for Nutrition Epidemiology Research, Institute for Public Health, Malaysia. ROR: https://ror.org/05ddxe180 FAU - Zainuddin, Ahmad Ali AU - Zainuddin AA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4016-6809 AD - Centre for Nutrition Epidemiology Research, Institute for Public Health, Malaysia. ROR: https://ror.org/05ddxe180 FAU - Salleh, Ruhaya AU - Salleh R AD - Centre for Nutrition Epidemiology Research, Institute for Public Health, Malaysia. ROR: https://ror.org/05ddxe180 FAU - Palaniveloo, Lalitha AU - Palaniveloo L AD - Centre for Nutrition Epidemiology Research, Institute for Public Health, Malaysia. ROR: https://ror.org/05ddxe180 FAU - Baharudin, Azli AU - Baharudin A AD - Centre for Nutrition Epidemiology Research, Institute for Public Health, Malaysia. ROR: https://ror.org/05ddxe180 FAU - Muhammad, Noor Ul-Aziha AU - Muhammad NU AD - Centre for Nutrition Epidemiology Research, Institute for Public Health, Malaysia. ROR: https://ror.org/05ddxe180 FAU - Amali, Khairul Hasnan AU - Amali KH AD - Centre for Nutrition Epidemiology Research, Institute for Public Health, Malaysia. ROR: https://ror.org/05ddxe180 FAU - Husni Zain, Sulhariza AU - Husni Zain S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4155-8089 AD - Centre for Nutrition Epidemiology Research, Institute for Public Health, Malaysia. ROR: https://ror.org/05ddxe180 FAU - Lai, Wai Kent AU - Lai WK AD - Centre for Nutrition Epidemiology Research, Institute for Public Health, Malaysia. ROR: https://ror.org/05ddxe180 LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260701 PL - England TA - J Nutr Sci JT - Journal of nutritional science JID - 101590587 RN - 0 (Micronutrients) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Malaysia MH - Female MH - Adult MH - Male MH - Child MH - Young Adult MH - Energy Intake MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Surveys and Questionnaires/standards MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Middle Aged MH - *Diet MH - Diet Records MH - *Nutrition Surveys MH - Nutrition Assessment MH - Micronutrients/administration & dosage MH - Nutrients/administration & dosage MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Ethnicity MH - *Diet Surveys PMC - PMC13323619 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Dietary assessment OT - Food frequency questionnaire OT - Habitual food intake OT - Nutrition epidemiology OT - Validation COIS- All authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/03 06:31 MHDA- 2026/07/03 06:32 PMCR- 2026/07/01 CRDT- 2026/07/03 05:16 PHST- 2025/10/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/03 06:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/03 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/03 05:16 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2048679026101190 [pii] AID - 10.1017/jns.2026.10119 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Nutr Sci. 2026 Jul 1;15:e48. doi: 10.1017/jns.2026.10119. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42393793 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260703 LR - 20260813 IS - 1743-0003 (Electronic) IS - 1743-0003 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 2 TI - Determination of cut-off points for the Move4 accelerometer and assessment of energy expenditure in children and adolescents aged 6-16 years using manual wheelchairs: a validation and calibration study. LID - 10.1186/s12984-026-02085-5 [doi] LID - 204 AB - BACKGROUND: The present study aimed to determine activity intensity and validate the Move4 accelerometer and derive cut-off points to accurately classify wheelchair-based physical activity (PA) in children and adolescents. METHODS: A calibration and validation study with a test-retest design was performed in 24 children and adolescents (mean age 9.9 +/- 3.2 years; 50% girls) using manual wheelchairs. Participants used a manual wheelchair as their primary mode of mobility and were able propelling the wheelchair independently. Participants completed standardized activities while wearing Move4 sensors at the wrist, upper arm, and chest. In a subsample of 7 children and adolescents, energy expenditure was recorded using portable metabolic cart. Mean Amplitude Deviation (MAD) and Movement Acceleration Intensity (MAI) were processed to derive cut-off points for sedentary, light, moderate, and vigorous PA using CART models, and validity was assessed via Metabolic Equivalent (MET) and heart-rate responses. RESULTS: Both MAD and MAI values increased systematically across activity intensities, supporting good criterion validity. MET values showed progression from sedentary to vigorous tasks. Intensity-specific cut-off points were successfully established for all sensor placements, with consistently higher thresholds for MAI. Sensitivity and specificity analyses indicated the most balanced performance for the upper arm (MAD) and chest (MAI). Test-retest comparisons showed greater variability for MAD-based cut-offs, whereas MAI thresholds demonstrated higher stability, with deviations of approximately 4-5%. CONCLUSIONS: While both MAD and MAI validly reflected PA intensity, MAI showed greater temporal stability and test-retest robustness. These findings support the use of accelerometery for classifying PA in children and adolescents using wheelchairs and underscore the importance of selecting appropriate metrics and sensor positions. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Seemuller, Selina AU - Seemuller S AD - Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg, Erlangen, Germany. Selina.seemueller@fau.de. FAU - Reimers, Anne Kerstin AU - Reimers AK AD - Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg, Erlangen, Germany. FAU - Meixner, Benedikt AU - Meixner B AD - Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg, Erlangen, Germany. AD - Integrative and Experimental Exercise Science & Training, Julius-Maximilians-Universitat Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany. FAU - Engel, Florian AU - Engel F AD - Integrative and Experimental Exercise Science & Training, Julius-Maximilians-Universitat Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany. FAU - Beck, Franziska AU - Beck F AD - Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg, Erlangen, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260702 PL - England TA - J Neuroeng Rehabil JT - Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation JID - 101232233 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - *Energy Metabolism/physiology MH - *Accelerometry/instrumentation/methods/standards MH - *Wheelchairs MH - Male MH - Calibration MH - Reproducibility of Results PMC - PMC13330353 COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was approved by the local Ethics Committee (Ref. No. 24-345-S) and was in accordance with the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki. All the participants or their parents/legal guardians, in case of minors, signed a written informed consent. Consent for publication: All participants gave their written consent. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/03 10:10 MHDA- 2026/07/03 10:11 PMCR- 2026/07/02 CRDT- 2026/07/03 00:19 PHST- 2026/02/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/03 10:11 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/03 10:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/03 00:19 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12984-026-02085-5 [pii] AID - 2085 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12984-026-02085-5 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Neuroeng Rehabil. 2026 Jul 2;23(1):204. doi: 10.1186/s12984-026-02085-5. PMID- 42393619 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261007 LR - 20261009 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 3 TI - Exposure to air pollutants is associated with adverse changes in hemoglobin trajectories and an increased risk of anemia in children and adolescents. LID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27895-z [doi] LID - 2837 AB - BACKGROUND: Air pollution is associated with anemia in children, however, longitudinal data supporting this association are insufficient. METHODS: From 2019 to 2023, we conducted a dynamic cohort study involving 33,900 participants from 119 primary and secondary schools across 16 districts in Shanghai. We obtained the daily average concentrations of five air pollutants (PM(2.5), O(3), NO(2), SO(2), and CO) based on school addresses using the China High Air Pollutants (CHAP) dataset to assess the exposure levels of the study subjects. We used latent class mixed models to determine the longitudinal trajectories of hemoglobin (Hb) and multinomial logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) between trajectory categories. Linear and logistic regression models were used to evaluate the associations between air pollutant exposure level and Hb and anemia risk, respectively, and Cox regression models was used for longitudinal validation. Interaction terms for gender, age, and body mass index (BMI) were used to explore the modifying effects of these factors. RESULTS: At the baseline survey, 3,213 students (9.48%) were identified as anemic, with a higher proportion of girls (63.8%). During an average follow-up period of 3.16 years, 1,685 participants (4.9%) were observed to develop anemia. Children's hemoglobin levels showed three different trajectory patterns throughout the study period. Exposure to PM(2.5) [OR (95% CI) = 2.124(1.853, 2.433)] was associated with adverse trajectory changes characterized by "low hemoglobin". Longitudinal analysis shows that exposure to PM(2.5) [HR = 1.213, 95% CI: (1.068, 1.376)], NO(2) [HR = 1.409, 95% CI: (1.254, 1.584)], and SO(2) [HR = 1.268, 95% CI: (1.172, 1.372)] is associated with an increased risk of anemia. Stratified analysis showed that the adverse effects of PM(2.5) exposure on anemia were more pronounced in younger or underweight children. The adverse effects of NO(2) exposure on anemia were more significant in older or obese children. The association between SO(2) exposure and the impact on anemia mainly appeared in male or younger children. CONCLUSIONS: Long-term exposure to air pollutants is associated with an increased burden of anemia in children and adolescents, and attention should be focused on vulnerable groups such as girls and underweight children. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Zheng, Keyang AU - Zheng K AD - Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200336, China. FAU - Zhang, Fengyun AU - Zhang F AD - Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200336, China. FAU - Chu, Liting AU - Chu L AD - Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200336, China. FAU - Yang, Yanting AU - Yang Y AD - Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200336, China. FAU - Sun, Lijing AU - Sun L AD - Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200336, China. FAU - Huang, Yuting AU - Huang Y AD - Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200336, China. FAU - Qu, Shuangxiao AU - Qu S AD - Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200336, China. FAU - Huang, Shenglei AU - Huang S AD - Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200336, China. FAU - Qi, Wenjuan AU - Qi W AD - Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200336, China. FAU - Yang, Dongling AU - Yang D AD - Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200336, China. yangdongling@scdc.sh.cn. FAU - Luo, Chunyan AU - Luo C AD - Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200336, China. luochunyan_ess@163.com. LA - eng GR - GWVI-7/The Sixth Round of Shanghai Public Health Three Year Action Project (2023-2025)/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260703 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 RN - 0 (Air Pollutants) RN - 0 (Hemoglobins) RN - 0 (Particulate Matter) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Anemia/epidemiology/chemically induced MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Air Pollutants/adverse effects/analysis MH - China/epidemiology MH - Child MH - *Hemoglobins/analysis MH - *Environmental Exposure/adverse effects/analysis MH - Adolescent MH - Particulate Matter/adverse effects/analysis MH - *Air Pollution/adverse effects/analysis MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Cohort Studies PMC - PMC13644236 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent OT - Air pollution OT - Anemia OT - Children OT - Hemoglobin COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention (No.2022-13). Participants and their guardians signed informed consent prior to data collection and informed consent was obtained from all included participants. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/03 06:31 MHDA- 2026/10/07 05:31 PMCR- 2026/07/03 CRDT- 2026/07/03 00:09 PHST- 2025/12/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/07 05:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/03 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/03 00:09 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27895-z [pii] AID - 27895 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27895-z [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2026 Jul 3;26(1):2837. doi: 10.1186/s12889-026-27895-z. PMID- 42393597 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261002 LR - 20261007 IS - 1471-2431 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2431 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 3 TI - Pediatric precision sleep network: a study protocol for identifying sleep signatures of mental health risk in peri-adolescents. LID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07253-z [doi] LID - 932 AB - BACKGROUND: Peri-adolescence (ages 10-13) is a sensitive-and clinically critical-developmental window for the emergence of psychiatric symptoms, yet scalable strategies for early risk detection in pediatric primary care (PPC) remain limited. Sleep disturbances are among the most prevalent, predictive, and modifiable indicators of youth mental health, but current pediatric assessments rely heavily on subjective, single-source reports that fail to capture the multidimensional nature of sleep health. The Pediatric Precision Sleep Network (PPSN) is a longitudinal, multi-site study designed to integrate multimodal sleep data with longitudinal clinical outcomes to improve early identification of psychiatric risk during peri-adolescence-a period marked by rapid changes in sleep-circadian biology and vulnerability to psychopathology. METHODS: PPSN will enroll 1,200 youth ages 10-13 across three metropolitan areas (Pittsburgh, Boston, Miami). Over three years, participants will complete multimodal sleep assessments-including self-report, daily sleep logs, actigraphy, ambulatory electroencephalography (EEG), and passive smartphone-based monitoring-administered primarily at home to maximize ecological validity and reduce burden. Psychiatric symptoms and functioning will be assessed biannually via online surveys and electronic health records (EHRs), including structured fields and unstructured notes processed with natural language processing to extract sleep-related information. Scalable, open-source pipelines will automatically derive sleep features. Analyses will: (1) identify multivariable "sleep signatures"-defined as empirically derived patterns of sleep features across modalities-using factor and cluster methods; (2) evaluate their predictive utility for transdiagnostic mental health outcomes using stepwise machine learning approaches; and (3) examine developmental and contextual moderators (e.g., puberty and sociocultural factors). PPSN will also partner with the NIMH Individually Measured Phenotypes to Advance Computational Translation in Mental Health (IMPACT-MH) Data Coordinating Center to standardize procedures, ensure rigorous quality control, and disseminate open-source analytic tools for the broader research community. DISCUSSION: By integrating ecologically valid, longitudinal sleep monitoring with EHR-based and survey outcomes, PPSN aims to identify developmentally sensitive sleep signatures that could be translated into scalable screening tools for PPC. Embedding sleep-informed algorithms into primary care could improve precision and equity of early risk detection and inform future efforts aimed at earlier identification and monitoring of mental health risk in peri-adolescence. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Baker, Amanda E AU - Baker AE AD - Department of Psychology, Florida International University, 11200 S.W. 8th Street, Miami, FL, 33199, USA. ambaker@fiu.edu. FAU - Cooper, Rebecca E AU - Cooper RE AD - Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Buysse, Daniel J AU - Buysse DJ AD - University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. FAU - Chien, Alyna T AU - Chien AT AD - Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Gonzalez, Raul Jr AU - Gonzalez R Jr AD - Department of Psychology, Florida International University, 11200 S.W. 8th Street, Miami, FL, 33199, USA. FAU - Levenson, Jessica C AU - Levenson JC AD - University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. FAU - Miller, Timothy AU - Miller T AD - Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Rivero-Conil, Sara AU - Rivero-Conil S AD - Nicklaus Children's Hospital, Miami, FL, USA. FAU - Seo, David AU - Seo D AD - Nicklaus Children's Hospital, Miami, FL, USA. FAU - Visweswaran, Shyam AU - Visweswaran S AD - University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. FAU - Wang, Yanshan AU - Wang Y AD - University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. FAU - Caswell, Allison AU - Caswell A AD - University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. FAU - Chan, Simey AU - Chan S AD - University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. FAU - Chiu, Kelly AU - Chiu K AD - Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Corcoran, Mary AU - Corcoran M AD - Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Churchill, Susan AU - Churchill S AD - Nicklaus Children's Hospital, Miami, FL, USA. FAU - Currie, Ronna AU - Currie R AD - University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. FAU - Duque, Maurice AU - Duque M AD - Nicklaus Children's Hospital, Miami, FL, USA. FAU - Elder, Isabelle AU - Elder I AD - Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Freitag, Josefina AU - Freitag J AD - Nicklaus Children's Hospital, Miami, FL, USA. FAU - Jadhav, Saurabh AU - Jadhav S AD - Department of Psychology, Florida International University, 11200 S.W. 8th Street, Miami, FL, 33199, USA. FAU - Locke, Rebecca AU - Locke R AD - Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Martin, Christopher AU - Martin C AD - Nicklaus Children's Hospital, Miami, FL, USA. FAU - Milla, Maria AU - Milla M AD - Nicklaus Children's Hospital, Miami, FL, USA. FAU - Sahasrabudhe, Rashmi AU - Sahasrabudhe R AD - Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Sathe, Soumya AU - Sathe S AD - Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Shellhause, Karoline AU - Shellhause K AD - University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. FAU - Sritharan, Aishwarya AU - Sritharan A AD - Department of Psychology, Florida International University, 11200 S.W. 8th Street, Miami, FL, 33199, USA. FAU - Robles, Jerrilyn AU - Robles J AD - Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Werner, Annette AU - Werner A AD - University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. FAU - Wallace, Meredith J AU - Wallace MJ AD - University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. FAU - Jalbrzikowski, Maria AU - Jalbrzikowski M AD - Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - McMakin, Dana L AU - McMakin DL AD - Department of Psychology, Florida International University, 11200 S.W. 8th Street, Miami, FL, 33199, USA. AD - Nicklaus Children's Hospital, Miami, FL, USA. FAU - Soehner, Adriane M AU - Soehner AM AD - University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. LA - eng GR - U01 MH136020/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States GR - U01MH136020/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States PT - Clinical Trial Protocol PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260703 PL - England TA - BMC Pediatr JT - BMC pediatrics JID - 100967804 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Actigraphy MH - Electroencephalography MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - *Mental Disorders/diagnosis MH - Primary Health Care MH - Risk Assessment MH - Self Report MH - *Sleep MH - *Sleep Wake Disorders/diagnosis/complications MH - Multicenter Studies as Topic PMC - PMC13629040 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Sleep health OT - electronic health records OT - mental health OT - pediatric primary care OT - peri-adolescence OT - predictive modeling OT - risk stratification COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The Pediatric Precision Sleep Network (PPSN) study protocol has been reviewed and approved by the University of Pittsburgh Institutional Review Board (Pitt IRB; STUDY23110103), as well as the Institutional Review Boards of Boston Children's Hospital/Harvard Medical School and Florida International University/Nicklaus Children's Hospital. Written informed consent is obtained from a parent or legal guardian, and written assent is obtained from youth participants prior to participation. All study procedures are conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and relevant institutional and national guidelines. Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.J.C.L. receives royalties from American Psychological Association Books.T.M. serves on the scientific advisory board of a healthcare artificial intelligence startup (lavita.ai).MLW is a statistical consultant for Noctem Health and Health Rhythms.These relationships are outside the scope of the submitted work. EDAT- 2026/07/03 06:31 MHDA- 2026/10/02 05:31 PMCR- 2026/07/03 CRDT- 2026/07/03 00:07 PHST- 2026/02/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/02 05:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/03 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/03 00:07 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07253-z [pii] AID - 7253 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07253-z [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pediatr. 2026 Jul 3;26(1):932. doi: 10.1186/s12887-026-07253-z. PMID- 42393595 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260904 LR - 20260905 IS - 1471-2393 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2393 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 2 TI - Association of albumin-based inflammatory indices with adverse neonatal outcomes in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy: a retrospective comparative study. LID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09555-7 [doi] LID - 990 AB - OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether albumin-based inflammatory indices are associated with perinatal and neonatal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP). METHODS: This retrospective comparative study included 277 pregnant women who delivered at a tertiary referral center between January 2020 and December 2025 (ICP, n = 90; controls, n = 187). Albumin-based inflammatory indices were calculated from routine laboratory parameters obtained during the week of delivery. Perinatal and neonatal outcomes were compared between groups. Within the ICP group, associations between inflammatory indices and adverse outcomes were evaluated, and multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent predictors within the ICP group of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission. RESULTS: Gestational age at delivery and neonatal birth weight were significantly lower in the ICP group, while rates of preterm birth, low birth weight, and NICU admission were significantly higher compared with controls. Albumin-based inflammatory indices did not differ significantly between groups. Within the ICP group, low birth weight (< 2500 g) was associated with higher NAR (p = 0.031), whereas LAR (p = 0.094) and MAR (p = 0.129) were not statistically significant. NICU admission was associated with higher leukocyte-to-albumin ratio (LAR) (p = 0.036), neutrophil-to-albumin ratio (NAR) (p = 0.032), and monocyte-to-albumin ratio (MAR) (p = 0.017) in univariable analyses. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, higher LAR (OR 1.818, 95% CI 1.026-3.223; p = 0.041) and preterm birth < 37 weeks (OR 6.119, 95% CI 2.145-17.457; p = 0.001) remained independently associated with NICU admission. Exploratory ROC analysis performed within the ICP group demonstrated limited discriminatory performance for all evaluated indices, with modest accuracy observed for LAR (AUC = 0.67) and MAR (AUC = 0.65), whereas other indices, including NPAR (p = 0.455) and CAR (p = 0.065), showed poor and non-significant discriminatory performance. CONCLUSION: Albumin-based inflammatory indices demonstrated limited overall clinical utility in pregnancies complicated by ICP. Among these indices, leukocyte-to-albumin ratio was associated with NICU admission, suggesting a possible association between leukocyte-related inflammatory burden and neonatal outcomes. However, this finding should be interpreted with caution given the limited discriminatory performance of the evaluated indices and the potential for residual confounding. Further prospective studies are needed to validate this observation. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Cicek, Sevil AU - Cicek S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6147-8102 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Goztepe Prof. Dr. Suleyman Yalcin City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. svlerslnn@gmail.com. FAU - Kapudere, Bilge AU - Kapudere B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5622-3161 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Goztepe Prof. Dr. Suleyman Yalcin City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Kaya Parspanci, Yasemin Beyza AU - Kaya Parspanci YB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9639-7484 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Goztepe Prof. Dr. Suleyman Yalcin City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Tavukcuoglu, Zehra AU - Tavukcuoglu Z AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6951-4761 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Goztepe Prof. Dr. Suleyman Yalcin City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Soyupak, Berkay AU - Soyupak B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0907-8608 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Goztepe Prof. Dr. Suleyman Yalcin City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Eyiceoglu, Merve Amine AU - Eyiceoglu MA AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-4435-693X AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Goztepe Prof. Dr. Suleyman Yalcin City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Kutay Yilmaz, Feyza AU - Kutay Yilmaz F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9575-5291 AD - Artvin Central Community Health Center, Artvin, Turkey. FAU - Ayaz, Reyhan AU - Ayaz R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5261-1792 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Goztepe Prof. Dr. Suleyman Yalcin City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260702 PL - England TA - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth JT - BMC pregnancy and childbirth JID - 100967799 RN - 0 (Serum Albumin) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *Cholestasis, Intrahepatic/blood/complications MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Pregnancy Complications/blood MH - Adult MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Pregnancy Outcome MH - Intensive Care Units, Neonatal/statistics & numerical data MH - Premature Birth/epidemiology MH - *Serum Albumin/analysis MH - Gestational Age MH - *Inflammation/blood MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - Infant, Low Birth Weight MH - Birth Weight PMC - PMC13540199 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Albumin OT - Biomarkers OT - Inflammation OT - Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy OT - NICU OT - Neonatal outcomes COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Non-Interventional Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Goztepe Prof. Dr. Suleyman Yalcin City Hospital (Approval No: 2025/0101; Date: 13 August 2025). Due to the retrospective design of the study, the requirement for informed consent was waived. All procedures were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and patient data were anonymized prior to analysis. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/03 06:31 MHDA- 2026/09/04 05:36 PMCR- 2026/07/02 CRDT- 2026/07/03 00:07 PHST- 2026/02/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/04 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/03 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/03 00:07 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09555-7 [pii] AID - 9555 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09555-7 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2026 Jul 2;26(1):990. doi: 10.1186/s12884-026-09555-7. PMID- 42393014 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261023 LR - 20261023 IS - 2191-0278 (Electronic) IS - 0334-0139 (Linking) VI - 38 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Oct 1 TI - Cross-cultural adaptation and preliminary validation of the adolescent obesity environmental questionnaire (AOEQ) in LMICs: family, school, and peer contexts. PG - 369-375 LID - 10.1515/ijamh-2026-0037 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: Although adolescent obesity is a growing concern in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), culturally adapted tools to assess environmental risk factors are limited. This study developed and conducted a preliminary validation of the Adolescent Obesity Environmental Questionnaire (AOEQ), with a design intended to be relevant for LMIC contexts. METHODS: Items were generated via literature review, adaptation of existing tools, and focus group discussions. Forward-backward translation and expert panel review ensured content validity. Five experts rated items using Content Validity Index (CVI), and face validity was evaluated with adolescents (FVI). RESULTS: The preliminary AOEQ included 40 items across three domains: family (27), school (6), and peer (7). Expert review showed high content validity (S-CVI/Ave=0.90; I-CVI 0.83-1.00). Face validity confirmed clarity and cultural appropriateness (S-FVI/Ave=0.94). Internal consistency was high (Cronbach's alpha=0.813-0.948). CONCLUSIONS: The AOEQ is a reliable, culturally valid tool for assessing obesogenic environments among Indonesian adolescents, with potential applicability to other adolescents in LMIC settings. CI - (c) 2026 the author(s), published by De Gruyter, Berlin/Boston. FAU - Erlena, Erlena AU - Erlena E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4019-9443 AD - Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. AD - Faculty of Science, Horizon University, Karawang, Indonesia. FAU - Nurjannah, Intansari AU - Nurjannah I AD - Nursing Science Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. FAU - Achadiono, Deddy Nurwachid AU - Achadiono DN AD - Gadjah Mada University Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Sardjito, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. FAU - Wibawa, Tri AU - Wibawa T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0477-4575 AD - Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260706 PL - Germany TA - Int J Adolesc Med Health JT - International journal of adolescent medicine and health JID - 8506960 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Surveys and Questionnaires/standards MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Female MH - *Pediatric Obesity MH - Developing Countries MH - Indonesia MH - Schools MH - Peer Group MH - Male MH - Family MH - Cross-Cultural Comparison MH - Psychometrics MH - Focus Groups MH - Risk Factors OTO - NOTNLM OT - Indonesia OT - adolescent obesity OT - environmental factors OT - low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) OT - questionnaire validation EDAT- 2026/07/03 04:10 MHDA- 2026/10/23 18:30 CRDT- 2026/07/02 23:02 PHST- 2026/02/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/23 18:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/03 04:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/02 23:02 [entrez] AID - ijamh-2026-0037 [pii] AID - 10.1515/ijamh-2026-0037 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Adolesc Med Health. 2026 Jul 6;38(5):369-375. doi: 10.1515/ijamh-2026-0037. eCollection 2026 Oct 1. PMID- 42392611 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260702 LR - 20260813 IS - 2399-9772 (Electronic) IS - 2399-9772 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 1 TI - Appropriateness of paediatric vitamin prescribing in Vietnamese outpatient settings: associated factors. LID - 10.1136/bmjpo-2026-004556 [doi] LID - e004556 AB - OBJECTIVE: Vitamin supplementation is widely practised in paediatric populations. This study aims to describe and evaluate vitamin prescribing practices in paediatric outpatients. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study. SETTING: A tertiary referral paediatric hospital in Vietnam. PATIENTS: 400 paediatric outpatients prescribed vitamin supplements. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Prescribing patterns were analysed by vitamin type, age group, body mass index (BMI) category and International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10)-coded diagnosis. Dosage and age appropriateness were assessed against international guidelines (American Academy of Pediatrics/National Institutes of Health Office of Dietary Supplements/U.S. National Academy of Medicine). RESULTS: Multivitamin complexes (41.3%) and vitamin B(1) (27.0%) accounted for the majority of prescriptions, predominantly in children aged 1-10 years and in association with respiratory disorders (60.3%). Although 74.2% of patients had normal BMI, this group received 63.3% of combined vitamin and dietary supplement prescriptions. Overall adherence was high, with 91.5% of prescriptions meeting recommended dosages and 98.8% being age-appropriate. In multivariable analysis, gastrointestinal disorders were associated with a higher likelihood of inappropriate dosing (adjusted OR 4.92, p=0.005), while no demographic factors remained significantly associated with age-inappropriate prescribing after adjustment. CONCLUSION: Paediatric vitamin prescribing in Vietnamese outpatient settings showed high adherence to recommended dosage and age criteria. A proportion of prescriptions exhibited dosage deviations, particularly among multivitamin and combination products. Gastrointestinal disorders were associated with an increased likelihood of inappropriate dosing. To improve dosing accuracy in resource-limited settings, the integration of weight-adjusted dosing algorithms and electronic prescribing alerts may be considered. Further studies are needed to clarify contributing factors and optimise prescribing practices. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ Group. FAU - Pham, Em Canh AU - Pham EC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0160-336X AD - Faculty of Pharmacy, Hong Bang International University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam canhem112009@gmail.com. FAU - Le, Tuong Vi Thi AU - Le TVT AD - City Children's Hospital, Ho Chi Minh, Viet Nam. FAU - Do, Hong Tuoi Thi AU - Do HTT AD - School of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam. FAU - Le, Thanh Chi AU - Le TC AD - City Children's Hospital, Ho Chi Minh, Viet Nam. FAU - Vo, Nhan Thanh AU - Vo NT AD - City Children's Hospital, Ho Chi Minh, Viet Nam. FAU - Le, Hien Duc AU - Le HD AD - City Children's Hospital, Ho Chi Minh, Viet Nam. FAU - Nguyen, Nam Tran AU - Nguyen NT AD - City Children's Hospital, Ho Chi Minh, Viet Nam. FAU - Nguyen, Tien Minh AU - Nguyen TM AD - City Children's Hospital, Ho Chi Minh, Viet Nam. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260701 PL - England TA - BMJ Paediatr Open JT - BMJ paediatrics open JID - 101715309 RN - 0 (Vitamins) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Vietnam MH - Child, Preschool MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - Female MH - Infant MH - Child MH - *Practice Patterns, Physicians'/statistics & numerical data MH - *Vitamins/therapeutic use/administration & dosage MH - *Dietary Supplements MH - Adolescent MH - *Inappropriate Prescribing/statistics & numerical data MH - Outpatients MH - Guideline Adherence PMC - PMC13331158 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Child Health OT - Cross-Sectional Studies OT - Pharmacology OT - Therapeutics OT - Toxicology EDAT- 2026/07/03 04:10 MHDA- 2026/07/03 04:11 PMCR- 2026/07/01 CRDT- 2026/07/02 20:43 PHST- 2026/01/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/03 04:11 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/03 04:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/02 20:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1136/bmjpo-2026-004556 [pii] AID - bmjpo-2026-004556 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjpo-2026-004556 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Paediatr Open. 2026 Jul 1;10(1):e004556. doi: 10.1136/bmjpo-2026-004556. PMID- 42392543 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260923 LR - 20260923 IS - 2405-4577 (Electronic) IS - 2405-4577 (Linking) VI - 75 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Real-time prediction of rapid weight change in children with cystic fibrosis who have initiated modulator therapy. PG - 103448 LID - S2405-4577(26)00545-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.clnesp.2026.103448 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND & AIMS: Broad uptake of elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI) modulator therapy has substantially improved nutritional status among children with cystic fibrosis (CF), but post-ETI weight change may be suboptimal without personalized monitoring of body composition and physical function markers. We developed a prediction model including these markers and evaluated clinical thresholds assessing individualized risk of rapid weight change over time. METHODS: A retrospective longitudinal cohort study was performed (n = 27 children with CF aged 6-11 years starting ETI) to predict age-related body mass index (BMI) percentile over time via random forest and Bayesian elastic net. Model-based clinical thresholds were identified for rapid weight change over time. RESULTS: Median (Q1, Q3) rate of change in BMI-for-age percentile was 2.06 (-2.42, 5.34). Most (92.6%) met clinical thresholds for rapid weight change; 48.2% experienced weight cycling. Body composition and physical function predictors improved model deviance (-2 log-likelihood: 569.05 vs. 820.42) and forecasting performance (mean absolute percentage error [SD]: 0.12 [0.22] vs. 0.85 [1.81]). Greater hand grip strength corresponded to increased BMI-for-age percentile over time and was a criterion for clinical thresholds. Younger age and higher fat mass index (FMI) and fat-free mass index (FFMI) z-scores at enrollment were associated with lower BMI-for-age percentile improvement during treatment. Baseline body composition and physical function markers yielded similar predictive accuracy to inclusion as time-varying predictors. Model performance using BMI z-scores yielded minor differences. CONCLUSION: Monitoring post-ETI body composition and hand grip strength may sufficiently predict rapid weight change in pediatric CF, thereby improving nutritional health and modulator benefit. CI - Copyright (c) 2026. Published by Elsevier Ltd. FAU - Garter, Ashlyn AU - Garter A AD - Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave (MLC 5041), Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA; Division of Statistics and Data Science, University of Cincinnati, 2600 Clifton Ave, Cincinnati, OH, 45221, USA. Electronic address: garterar@mail.uc.edu. FAU - Gecili, Emrah AU - Gecili E AD - Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave (MLC 5041), Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, 3333 Burnet Ave (MLC 9016), Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA. Electronic address: emrah.gecili@cchmc.org. FAU - Hossain, Md Monir AU - Hossain MM AD - Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave (MLC 5041), Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, 3333 Burnet Ave (MLC 9016), Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave (MLC 7041), Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA. Electronic address: Md.Hossain@cchmc.org. FAU - Nakamura, Aisaku AU - Nakamura A AD - Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave (MLC 5041), Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA. Electronic address: AisakuIsaac.Nakamura@cchmc.org. FAU - Wackler, Matthew AU - Wackler M AD - Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave (MLC 7041), Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA. Electronic address: Matthew.Wackler@cchmc.org. FAU - Boat, Thomas AU - Boat T AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, 3333 Burnet Ave (MLC 9016), Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave (MLC 7041), Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA. Electronic address: Thomas.Boat@cchmc.org. FAU - Szczesniak, Rhonda D AU - Szczesniak RD AD - Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave (MLC 5041), Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, 3333 Burnet Ave (MLC 9016), Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave (MLC 7041), Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA. Electronic address: Rhonda.Szczesniak@cchmc.org. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260702 PL - England TA - Clin Nutr ESPEN JT - Clinical nutrition ESPEN JID - 101654592 RN - 0 (Aminophenols) RN - 0 (Quinolones) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - *Cystic Fibrosis/drug therapy/physiopathology MH - Female MH - Male MH - Body Mass Index MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Body Composition MH - *Weight Gain/drug effects MH - Nutritional Status MH - Bayes Theorem MH - *Aminophenols/therapeutic use MH - *Quinolones/therapeutic use MH - Body Weight MH - Random Forest OTO - NOTNLM OT - Body composition OT - Elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor OT - Medical monitoring OT - Muscle strength OT - Point of care OT - Weight cycling COIS- Conflict of interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/07/03 00:30 MHDA- 2026/09/23 05:35 CRDT- 2026/07/02 19:33 PHST- 2026/04/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/23 05:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/03 00:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/02 19:33 [entrez] AID - S2405-4577(26)00545-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.clnesp.2026.103448 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2026 Oct;75:103448. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2026.103448. Epub 2026 Jul 2. PMID- 42392357 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260708 LR - 20260730 IS - 1872-8057 (Electronic) IS - 0303-7207 (Linking) VI - 620 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Blood-based microRNAs as biomarkers of insulin resistance in childhood obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PG - 112856 LID - S0303-7207(26)00133-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.mce.2026.112856 [doi] AB - Childhood obesity is closely linked to insulin resistance, but affected children are metabolically heterogeneous. Blood-based microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as potential minimally invasive biomarkers of early metabolic dysfunction. A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus was conducted from database inception to April 1, 2026. Eligible studies included children or adolescents with obesity that evaluated blood-based miRNAs, including serum, plasma, or peripheral blood mononuclear cell-derived miRNAs, in relation to IR. Narrative synthesis was the primary approach. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, and exploratory quantitative synthesis was performed only for comparable miRNA-outcome pairs with extractable correlation data. Twenty studies met the inclusion criteria; 7 were rated as low risk of bias, 11 as moderate risk, and 2 as high risk. Most studies had cross-sectional or case-control designs, and substantial heterogeneity was present in study populations, biological sample source, insulin resistance definitions, miRNA methods, and outcome reporting. Across the included studies, miR-122 was the most consistent candidate, showing recurrent up-regulation in adverse metabolic phenotypes and positive associations with HOMA-IR (r = 0.53; 95%CI, 0.35-0.67) or related IR markers (r = 0.60; 95%CI, 0.47-0.70). miR-29a also showed relatively consistent positive associations (r = 0.67; 95%CI, 0.59-0.73), particularly in cohorts with more severe metabolic impairment. Other candidates, including miR-146a, miR-34a, miR-191-3p, miR-30d-5p, and miR-221-3p, showed relevant but less consistent findings. Blood-based miRNAs are associated with IR in childhood obesity, with miR-122 emerging as the strongest and most recurrent candidate and miR-29a as another promising marker. However, the evidence remains heterogeneous and insufficient for clinical application. Larger, standardized, and longitudinal studies are needed to validate the most recurrent candidates and define their role in early risk stratification. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Wang, Lin AU - Wang L AD - Department of Acupuncture, Qingdao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Qingdao Hiser Hospital Affiliated of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China. FAU - Liu, Zhaofen AU - Liu Z AD - Department of Outpatient, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, 261041, China. Electronic address: lzf13906368234@outlook.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Meta-Analysis PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20260702 PL - Ireland TA - Mol Cell Endocrinol JT - Molecular and cellular endocrinology JID - 7500844 RN - 0 (MicroRNAs) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Insulin Resistance/genetics MH - *MicroRNAs/blood/genetics MH - *Biomarkers/blood MH - *Pediatric Obesity/blood/genetics MH - Child OTO - NOTNLM OT - Childhood obesity OT - HOMA-IR OT - Insulin resistance OT - miR-122 OT - miR-29a OT - microRNA COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/07/03 04:10 MHDA- 2026/07/09 04:10 CRDT- 2026/07/02 19:30 PHST- 2026/05/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/09 04:10 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/03 04:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/02 19:30 [entrez] AID - S0303-7207(26)00133-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.mce.2026.112856 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2026 Oct;620:112856. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2026.112856. Epub 2026 Jul 2. PMID- 42392350 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260904 LR - 20260904 IS - 1879-176X (Electronic) IS - 0300-5712 (Linking) VI - 175 DP - 2026 Dec TI - Accuracy of 2D facial profile photographs under routine clinical conditions compared with 3D imaging. PG - 106878 LID - S0300-5712(26)00548-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jdent.2026.106878 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To assess the accuracy of facial soft-tissue profile lines derived from two-dimensional (2D) photographs acquired under routine clinical conditions, using three-dimensional (3D) facial photographs as the reference standard. METHODS: This study analysed pre-existing 2D and 3D facial photographs of 160 orthodontic patients. True facial profile lines were generated from 3D photographs using an automated midsagittal plane based on best-fit superimposition of mirrored surface models. Corresponding profile lines were traced on 2D photographs. Fixed landmarks and sliding semilandmarks were placed on predefined profile curves, and configurations were analysed using geometric morphometrics. Pairwise Procrustes superimposition was performed, and Procrustes distances quantified discrepancies between 2D- and 3D-derived profiles. The effects of age and sex were evaluated. RESULTS: Significant differences were found between 2D-derived and 3D reference profiles (P < 0.001). The median discrepancy was 0.75 mm (IQR 0.79 mm; range 0.01-9.36 mm), with the largest differences in the lip region. Although mean discrepancies were small, variability at the individual level was considerable. Differences exceeding +/-1 mm and +/-2 mm occurred in 35.2% and 8.2% of measurements, respectively. Errors were greater in males and younger subjects, with no significant interaction. CONCLUSIONS: 2D photographs show statistically significant and clinically relevant discrepancies compared with 3D-based profiles. While average errors are small, individual variability should be considered when precise assessment is required. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Routine 2D facial photographs may be insufficient for accurate individual-level soft-tissue profile assessment. Clinicians should be cautious when using them for diagnosis or treatment planning where precision is critical. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Opacic, Jasmina AU - Opacic J AD - Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, Switzerland. FAU - Kanavakis, Georgios AU - Kanavakis G AD - Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, GR-11527 Athens, Greece. FAU - Halazonetis, Demetrios AU - Halazonetis D AD - Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, GR-11527 Athens, Greece. FAU - Gkantidis, Nikolaos AU - Gkantidis N AD - Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, Switzerland. Electronic address: nikolaos.gkantidis@unibe.ch. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260702 PL - England TA - J Dent JT - Journal of dentistry JID - 0354422 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Imaging, Three-Dimensional/statistics & numerical data/methods/standards MH - *Face/anatomy & histology MH - Male MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - *Photography/statistics & numerical data/methods/standards MH - Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/statistics & numerical data/methods MH - Anatomic Landmarks/anatomy & histology MH - *Cephalometry/statistics & numerical data/methods MH - Young Adult MH - Age Factors MH - Adult MH - Sex Factors MH - Lip/anatomy & histology MH - Child MH - Reproducibility of Results OTO - NOTNLM OT - Data accuracy OT - Face OT - Geometric morphometrics OT - Midsagittal plane OT - Photography OT - Three-dimensional imaging OT - Two-dimensional imaging COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: D. Halazonetis owns stock in dHAL Software, the company that markets Viewbox 4. Demetrios Halazonetis was not involved in data generation and analysis, and thus, could not affect the study outcomes. The other authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/07/03 04:10 MHDA- 2026/09/04 23:36 CRDT- 2026/07/02 19:30 PHST- 2026/03/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/04 23:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/03 04:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/02 19:30 [entrez] AID - S0300-5712(26)00548-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jdent.2026.106878 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Dent. 2026 Dec;175:106878. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2026.106878. Epub 2026 Jul 2. PMID- 42390538 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260702 LR - 20261010 IS - 1279-8517 (Electronic) IS - 0930-1038 (Linking) VI - 48 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 2 TI - MRI-based normative orbital anthropometric measurements in pediatric populations: age-related variations and clinical implications. LID - 169 [pii] LID - 10.1007/s00276-026-03940-9 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: Accurate anthropometric data of the pediatric orbit is critical for diagnosing and managing various pediatric orbital pathologies and for planning surgical and reconstructive interventions. The purpose of this study was to establish MRI-based normative anthropometric data for pediatric orbital structures, analyze age-related variations, and evaluate interobserver reliability among expert neuroradiologists. METHODS: This retrospective study included 64 healthy pediatric patients (32 males, 32 females; age range, 1-17 years) who underwent MRI scans for indications unrelated to orbital pathology. Patients were categorized into three age groups: pre-school (3-6 years), school-age (7-12 years), and adolescent (13-17 years). MRI scans acquired at 1.5 Tesla and 3 Tesla were independently evaluated by three neuroradiologists to measure orbital anthropometric parameters, including extraocular muscle dimensions, orbital breadth, orbital height, interzygomatic line length, intercanthal distance, optic nerve sheath width, and optic nerve angle. Statistical analyses included Spearman's correlation, Kruskal-Wallis tests, Mann-Whitney U tests, and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) to assess interobserver reliability. RESULTS: Significant positive correlations were identified between patient age and orbital parameters, particularly the interzygomatic line length (Spearman's r = 0.772, p < 0.001). Orbital breadth (right: r = 0.674; left: r = 0.703) and orbital height (right: r = 0.608; left: r = 0.644) also significantly increased with advancing age (all p < 0.001). Interobserver reliability demonstrated excellent reproducibility, with ICC values notably high for orbital breadth (ICC = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.89-0.95) and orbital height (ICC = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.87-0.93). CONCLUSION: MRI-based normative anthropometric measurements provide precise and reliable reference values for pediatric orbital anatomy. These measurements reveal significant age-related developmental trends, enhancing diagnostic accuracy, clinical management, and surgical planning in pediatric orbital conditions. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag France SAS, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Gulsever, Cafer Ikbal AU - Gulsever CI AD - Department of Neurosurgery, Hakkari State Hospital, Hakkari, Turkey. cafer.gulsever@gmail.com. FAU - Ates, Alaaddin AU - Ates A AD - Department of Radiology, Hakkari State Hospital, Hakkari, Turkey. FAU - Karli, Elif Hazal AU - Karli EH AD - Department of Radiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Karapinar, Edanur AU - Karapinar E AD - Department of Radiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Bayramoglu, Zuhal AU - Bayramoglu Z AD - Department of Radiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Cakir, Mehmet Semih AU - Cakir MS AD - Department of Radiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Durak, Gorkem AU - Durak G AD - Department of Radiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Sencer, Serra AU - Sencer S AD - Department of Radiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Barburoglu, Mehmet AU - Barburoglu M AD - Department of Radiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260702 PL - Germany TA - Surg Radiol Anat JT - Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA JID - 8608029 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Female MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Magnetic Resonance Imaging MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - *Orbit/anatomy & histology/diagnostic imaging MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Infant MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Reference Values MH - Anthropometry/methods MH - Age Factors MH - Observer Variation MH - Oculomotor Muscles/anatomy & histology/diagnostic imaging OTO - NOTNLM OT - Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) OT - Normative data OT - Orbital anthropometry OT - Orbital measurements OT - Pediatric orbit COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Ethics approval: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine (Approval No. 12.05.2024-2476179). All procedures were performed in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments. Consent to participate: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in this study. For pediatric patients, written consent was provided by a parent or legal guardian prior to participation. Consent to publication: All authors have read and approved the final manuscript and consent to its publication. EDAT- 2026/07/02 12:33 MHDA- 2026/07/02 12:34 CRDT- 2026/07/02 11:03 PHST- 2025/09/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/02 12:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/02 12:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/02 11:03 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00276-026-03940-9 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00276-026-03940-9 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Surg Radiol Anat. 2026 Jul 2;48(1):169. doi: 10.1007/s00276-026-03940-9. PMID- 42389040 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260702 LR - 20260813 IS - 2813-4540 (Electronic) IS - 2813-4540 (Linking) VI - 5 DP - 2026 TI - Monitoring physical health in child and adolescent mental health inpatient care: findings from the Y-Health longitudinal feasibility study. PG - 1731769 LID - 10.3389/frcha.2026.1731769 [doi] LID - 1731769 AB - BACKGROUND: Young people with serious mental illness (SMI) face significant physical health inequalities, including increased risk of obesity, diabetes, and other preventable conditions, contributing to a 15-20-year reduction in life expectancy. Those in CAMHS inpatient care are particularly vulnerable due to high levels of psychological distress, psychotropic medication, obesogenic environments and high levels of adverse health behaviours. However, research in this setting is limited. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of monitoring physical health in CAMHS inpatient services, changes to physical and mental health over 6-months and explore young people's experiences of health care. METHODS: A longitudinal feasibility study with a separate qualitative component was conducted across three CAMHS inpatient units, assessing physical and mental health at admission, 3-months and 6-months. Feasibility indicators and clinical outcomes including weight, cardiometabolic markers, lifestyle behaviours and wellbeing were collected through self-report, clinical records and physical health checks. A nested qualitative sub-study was conducted to explore participant experiences of physical health care in CAMHS. RESULTS: Twenty-seven participants were recruited across three CAMHS inpatient units, with 93% (n = 25) retained at 6-month follow-up. Completion of assessments was high at baseline but declined post-discharge. At baseline 37% individuals were overweight or obese, which increased to 50% overweight or obese at follow-up. Metabolic conditions were frequently observed across all timepoints. Physical activity remained low, and diet quality was poor. Mental health and functioning appeared to improve, with reductions in HONOSCA scores suggesting improvements to overall health. CONCLUSION: This study provides the first longitudinal feasibility evidence on monitoring physical health among young people in CAMHS inpatient care, demonstrating high acceptability during admission and identifying substantial challenges with post-discharge monitoring. While descriptive trends indicated a high prevalence of physical health risk factors, the study was not powered to detect meaningful change. These findings highlight the need for integrated, developmentally appropriate models of physical health monitoring across inpatient and community services. CI - (c) 2026 Carney, Imran, Law, Lovell, Ravindrarajah, Fenton, Green, Macafee, Erunkulu and Parker. FAU - Carney, Rebekah AU - Carney R AD - Youth Mental Health Research Unit, Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom. AD - Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom. FAU - Imran, Shermin AU - Imran S AD - Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom. FAU - Law, Heather AU - Law H AD - Youth Mental Health Research Unit, Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom. FAU - Lovell, Karina AU - Lovell K AD - Division of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom. FAU - Ravindrarajah, Rathi AU - Ravindrarajah R AD - Division of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom. FAU - Fenton, Clare AU - Fenton C AD - Leeds and York Partnership Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom. FAU - Green, Nicola AU - Green N AD - Navigo Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service (Young Minds Matter), Northeast Lincolnshire, United Kingdom. FAU - Macafee, Gillian AU - Macafee G AD - Youth Mental Health Research Unit, Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom. FAU - Erunkulu, Olorunleke AU - Erunkulu O AD - Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom. FAU - Parker, Sophie AU - Parker S AD - Youth Mental Health Research Unit, Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom. AD - Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260617 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Child Adolesc Psychiatry JT - Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry JID - 9918627188506676 PMC - PMC13319068 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescent OT - health behaviour OT - longitudinal studies OT - mental health services OT - metabolic health OT - physical health COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author RC declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision. EDAT- 2026/07/02 10:10 MHDA- 2026/07/02 10:11 PMCR- 2026/06/17 CRDT- 2026/07/02 05:02 PHST- 2025/10/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/02 10:11 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/02 10:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/02 05:02 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/frcha.2026.1731769 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2026 Jun 17;5:1731769. doi: 10.3389/frcha.2026.1731769. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42388046 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260702 LR - 20260813 IS - 2314-6753 (Electronic) IS - 2314-6745 (Print) VI - 2026 IP - 1 DP - 2026 TI - Associations Between a Surrogate Index of Insulin Resistance and Hyperuricemia in Young and Middle-Aged Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. PG - e6682372 LID - 10.1155/jdr/6682372 [doi] LID - 6682372 AB - BACKGROUND: This study is aimed at examining the associations between insulin resistance (IR) surrogate indices, including TyG, TyG-BMI, TG/HDL-C, and METS-IR, and hyperuricemia (HUA) in young and middle-aged patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS: A total of 1005 patients with T2DM were included in this cross-sectional study. Participants were classified into HUA and nonhyperuricemia (NHUA) groups according to serum uric acid concentrations and further stratified by age into young (18-44 years) and middle-aged (45-59 years) subgroups. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the associations between IR surrogate indices and HUA. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was conducted to evaluate the discriminatory ability of these indices for HUA across sex- and age-specific subgroups. RESULTS: All IR surrogate indices were significantly higher in the HUA group than in the NHUA group. TyG and TG/HDL-C showed stable associations with HUA across the regression models, while the association for TyG-BMI was attenuated after additional adjustment when modeled continuously, although individuals in the highest quartile remained associated with higher odds of HUA. METS-IR was associated with HUA only in unadjusted models. Age-stratified analyses showed that none of the IR surrogate indices remained significantly associated with HUA after multivariable adjustment in younger patients, whereas TyG and TG/HDL-C remained associated with higher odds of HUA in middle-aged patients. ROC analyses indicated limited to moderate discriminatory performance (AUC < 0.75). TyG-BMI showed the highest AUC in younger patients (AUC = 0.715), while TG/HDL-C demonstrated relatively higher specificity in middle-aged patients. Sex-stratified analyses showed slightly higher AUC values in males than in females, although overall discrimination remained modest. CONCLUSION: IR surrogate indices showed varying associations with HUA in young and middle-aged patients with Type 2 diabetes. TyG and TG/HDL-C showed relatively stable associations with HUA across the regression models, whereas the associations for TyG-BMI and METS-IR were attenuated after additional adjustment. Overall, these indices demonstrated limited discriminatory performance and are not suitable as standalone diagnostic tools but may serve as adjunctive markers for preliminary risk stratification. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Hongping Wang et al. Journal of Diabetes Research published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Wang, Hongping AU - Wang H AD - Department of Endocrinology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China, shutcm.edu.cn. FAU - Yang, Yunyi AU - Yang Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8280-2901 AD - Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China, shutcm.edu.cn. FAU - Gao, Jie AU - Gao J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3330-2219 AD - Department of Endocrinology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China, shutcm.edu.cn. FAU - Lei, Tao AU - Lei T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5766-5113 AD - Department of Endocrinology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China, shutcm.edu.cn. FAU - Xia, Juan AU - Xia J AD - Department of Endocrinology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China, shutcm.edu.cn. FAU - Zhang, Cuiping AU - Zhang C AD - Department of Endocrinology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China, shutcm.edu.cn. FAU - Shen, Tian AU - Shen T AD - Department of Endocrinology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China, shutcm.edu.cn. FAU - Lu, Jun AU - Lu J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8884-6291 AD - Department of Endocrinology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China, shutcm.edu.cn. FAU - Liu, Zongjun AU - Liu Z AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4993-2354 AD - Department of Cardiology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China, shutcm.edu.cn. LA - eng GR - 2023ysxk01/Health System Independent Innovation Science Foundation of Shanghai Putuo District/ GR - 2024tszk02/Clinical Characteristic of Health System in Putuo District, Shanghai/ GR - ptkwws202417/Shanghai Putuo District Health System/ GR - ptkwws202302/Shanghai Putuo District Health System/ GR - ptkwws202217/Shanghai Putuo District Health System/ GR - 202240309/Shanghai Municipal Health Commission/ GR - ptzygzs2409/Putuo Inheritance Studio of Renowned TCM Physician Chen Yuelai, Shanghai/ PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - J Diabetes Res JT - Journal of diabetes research JID - 101605237 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 268B43MJ25 (Uric Acid) RN - 0 (Triglycerides) RN - 0 (Cholesterol, HDL) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood/complications/diagnosis MH - *Hyperuricemia/blood/diagnosis/complications MH - *Insulin Resistance/physiology MH - Middle Aged MH - Male MH - Female MH - Adult MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adolescent MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - Young Adult MH - *Uric Acid/blood MH - ROC Curve MH - Body Mass Index MH - Age Factors MH - Triglycerides/blood MH - Cholesterol, HDL/blood MH - Risk Factors PMC - PMC13324239 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Type 2 diabetes mellitus OT - hyperuricemia OT - insulin resistance COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/02 10:10 MHDA- 2026/07/02 10:11 PMCR- 2026/07/02 CRDT- 2026/07/02 03:24 PHST- 2026/06/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/07/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/02 10:11 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/02 10:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/02 03:24 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JDR6682372 [pii] AID - 10.1155/jdr/6682372 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Diabetes Res. 2026;2026(1):e6682372. doi: 10.1155/jdr/6682372. PMID- 42387533 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260920 LR - 20260923 IS - 1472-6831 (Electronic) IS - 1472-6831 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 1 TI - Deep learning-based dental age classification from panoramic radiographs: a multi-granularity, multi-model comparative study. LID - 10.1186/s12903-026-09068-x [doi] LID - 1774 AB - OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the performance of a hybrid deep learning architecture, MaxViT-T, for fine-grained dental age estimation (DAE) and coarse-grained age-group classification using panoramic radiographs, and to interpret the model's decision-making process through Explainable AI (XAI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A dataset of n = 2,761 panoramic radiographs from patients aged 6-18 years was used. Two classification tasks were performed: a 13-class fine-grained age estimation and a 3-group coarse-grained age classification (age ranges 6-9, 10-13, and 14-18 years, approximating the early mixed, late mixed, and permanent dentition periods). The hybrid MaxViT-T model was compared against ten other architectures, including CNNs and Transformers, using 5-fold stratified cross-validation. Model interpretability was assessed using Grad-CAM and SHAP. RESULTS: MaxViT-T achieved the highest performance in both tasks. For the 13-class age estimation, it reached an accuracy of 0.4980 with a Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 0.71 years. Tolerance-based accuracy increased to 84.9% and 96.1% within 1 and 2 years, respectively. For the 3-group age classification, the model achieved 91.13% accuracy and an AUC of 0.9669. XAI analyses confirmed that the model's attention shifted from deciduous teeth and erupting permanent teeth in younger ages to third molar development in older ages, predominantly focusing on the mandibular region. CONCLUSION: The hybrid MaxViT-T architecture achieved the highest accuracy for dental age estimation among the evaluated models, although its advantage over the leading CNN and Transformer architectures was not statistically significant. Its decision behavior aligned with established odontogenic developmental landmarks, supporting the biological plausibility of the learned features. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Gorgun, Esin Akol AU - Gorgun EA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6711-7188 AD - Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Adiyaman University, Altinsehir Neighborhood, 3005 Street No:13, Adiyaman, 02040, Turkey. esinakol@adiyaman.edu.tr. FAU - Cakmakoglu, Ezgi Eroglu AU - Cakmakoglu EE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5014-3099 AD - Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, 02040, Turkey. FAU - Sagmak, Savas AU - Sagmak S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0082-6297 AD - Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, 02040, Turkey. FAU - Kutlu, Huseyin AU - Kutlu H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0091-9984 AD - Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, 02040, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260701 PL - England TA - BMC Oral Health JT - BMC oral health JID - 101088684 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Deep Learning MH - *Radiography, Panoramic MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - *Age Determination by Teeth/methods PMC - PMC13591680 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Deep learning OT - Dental age estimation OT - Explainable artificial intelligence OT - Forensic dentistry OT - Hybrid models OT - Multi-granularity classification COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical approval for this retrospective study was obtained from the Adiyaman University Non-Interventional Clinical Research Ethics Committee (Decision No: 2026/2-5). The requirement for informed consent to participate was waived by the same Ethics Committee due to the retrospective design of the study and the use of fully anonymized radiographic data, in accordance with national regulations governing retrospective studies using anonymized clinical data in Turkiye. All procedures were conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/02 10:10 MHDA- 2026/09/21 05:34 PMCR- 2026/07/01 CRDT- 2026/07/02 00:53 PHST- 2026/04/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/21 05:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/02 10:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/02 00:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12903-026-09068-x [pii] AID - 9068 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12903-026-09068-x [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Oral Health. 2026 Jul 1;26(1):1774. doi: 10.1186/s12903-026-09068-x. PMID- 42387491 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260922 LR - 20260924 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 2 TI - Improving healthy eating behaviour among in-school adolescents through collaborative instructional intervention: a theory-driven quasi-experimental study. LID - 10.1186/s12889-026-28391-0 [doi] LID - 2641 AB - BACKGROUND: Adolescence is a critical window for establishing dietary behaviours that shape long-term health outcomes. In Nigeria and other Sub-Saharan African countries, school-based nutrition education has been largely ineffective when delivered through conventional didactic approaches. This study evaluated the effect of a Health Belief Model-guided collaborative learning intervention on diet quality, nutrition knowledge, and perceived dietary behaviour among in-school adolescents in Ogun State, Nigeria. METHODS: A quasi-experimental, pre-test-post-test control group design was used. Three hundred adolescents aged 13-19 years from two public secondary schools in Odeda Local Government Area were recruited, with 150 assigned to each group. The intervention group received eight weeks of structured nutrition education delivered through collaborative learning techniques, while the control group received the same content through conventional didactic instruction. Diet quality was assessed using the Global Diet Quality Questionnaire (DQQ), nutrition knowledge using a validated 20-item questionnaire, and perceived dietary behaviour using an HBM-based scale. Data were analysed using paired t-tests, independent t-tests, Difference-in-Differences analysis, and ANCOVA. RESULTS: The intervention group demonstrated statistically significant improvements in dietary diversity (DDS: 33.74%), NCD-Protect score (153.22%), and GDR score (39.86%), while the NCD-Risk score showed no significant change in either group (p = 0.967). Nutrition knowledge improved significantly in the intervention group (DiD = 7.94; p = 0.007), with no meaningful change in the control group. All six HBM constructs improved significantly in the intervention group, including self-efficacy (13.46%) and perceived severity (18.96%). ANCOVA confirmed that the intervention independently predicted improvements in both dietary diversity and nutrition knowledge after adjusting for baseline scores and sociodemographic covariates. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study suggest that collaborative learning-based nutrition education guided by the Health Belief Model was associated with meaningful improvements in diet quality, nutrition knowledge, and health beliefs among in-school adolescents. These findings support further evaluation of participatory and theory-driven instructional approaches within school-based nutrition programming in Nigeria and similar low-resource settings, ideally through cluster-randomised designs involving larger numbers of schools. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Ademiluyi, Dare D AU - Ademiluyi DD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3154-3924 AD - Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. ademiluyidare@gmail.com. FAU - Adepoju, Oladejo T AU - Adepoju OT AD - Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. FAU - Oladosu, Gbenga S AU - Oladosu GS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1207-8000 AD - Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. AD - Department of Vocational Education (Home Economics Education Unit), Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria. FAU - Uthman-Akinhanmi, Yewande O AU - Uthman-Akinhanmi YO AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1033-2362 AD - Department of Home Science and Hospitality Management (Nutrition and Dietetics Unit), Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-iwoye, Ogun State, Nigeria. FAU - Akinsanya, Olubunmi B AU - Akinsanya OB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2753-8463 AD - Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Bells University of Technology, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria. FAU - Adewale, Ifeyemi O AU - Adewale IO AD - Department of Food Science and Technology (Nutrition and Dietetics Unit), Bell University of Technology, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria. FAU - Asha, Oluwatoyin E AU - Asha OE AD - Department of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, Bells University of Technology, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria. FAU - Olubiyi, Esther D AU - Olubiyi ED AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-8048-5196 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Federal Medical Centre, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria. FAU - Ojo-Adalumo, Ayobami R AU - Ojo-Adalumo AR AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-6889-7322 AD - College of Nursing Science, Idi Aba, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria. FAU - Adepoju, Adeyinka B AU - Adepoju AB AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-1012-7645 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria. FAU - Ogunniyi, Akinade E AU - Ogunniyi AE AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-1961-3214 AD - Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. FAU - Oyewunmi, Boluwatife T AU - Oyewunmi BT AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-1927-4997 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260702 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Nigeria MH - Female MH - *Diet, Healthy/psychology MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MH - *Health Education/methods MH - Health Belief Model MH - Schools MH - Non-Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic MH - *School Health Services/organization & administration PMC - PMC13595612 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent nutrition OT - Collaborative learning OT - Diet quality OT - Health Belief Model OT - Nutrition education OT - Nutrition knowledge OT - School-based intervention COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical clearance for this study was granted by the Health Research Ethics Committee of the Federal Medical Centre, Abeokuta (FMCA/470/HREC/17/2024/30). Throughout its conduct, the study adhered to internationally accepted ethical standards governing research involving human participants. Participation in this study was entirely voluntary and the study adhered to the tenets of the Helsinki Declaration at all stages. Before data collection commenced, all eligible students and their parents or guardians were provided with full information about the study's objectives, procedures, potential benefits, and the rights of participants. Written informed consent was secured from parents or legal guardians, and written informed assent was obtained from each adolescent participant. Taking part in the study was entirely voluntary, and all participants were made aware of their right to withdraw at any point without facing any consequence. To protect confidentiality, participants were assigned anonymised identification codes, and access to study data was limited strictly to members of the research team. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/02 06:39 MHDA- 2026/09/22 05:37 PMCR- 2026/07/02 CRDT- 2026/07/02 00:50 PHST- 2026/02/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/22 05:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/02 06:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/02 00:50 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-28391-0 [pii] AID - 28391 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-28391-0 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2026 Jul 2;26(1):2641. doi: 10.1186/s12889-026-28391-0. PMID- 42387446 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260922 LR - 20260924 IS - 1472-6823 (Electronic) IS - 1472-6823 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 1 TI - Impact of growth hormone preparation switching on treatment outcomes in children with growth hormone deficiency: a retrospective real-world cohort study. LID - 10.1186/s12902-026-02395-8 [doi] LID - 286 AB - BACKGROUND: Switching between recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) preparations has become increasingly common in pediatric practice because of reimbursement policies, product availability, and patient preferences. However, concerns persist regarding potential effects on growth outcomes and biochemical responses in real-world settings. This study aimed to evaluate whether switching growth hormone (GH) preparations is associated with differences in growth and biochemical outcomes compared with continuing the same product in children with growth hormone deficiency (GHD). METHODS: This single-center retrospective cohort study included 130 children with GHD receiving GH therapy between 2019 and 2024: 66 who underwent a single switch between preparations and 64 who continued the same product. Annualized changes in height standard deviation score (SDS), height velocity, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) SDS, and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) SDS were assessed over predefined 12-month observation windows. Patients were additionally stratified according to GHD severity, defined by a peak GH response < 7 ng/mL (severe/complete GHD) or 7-10 ng/mL (partial/borderline GHD). Within-group comparisons were performed using Wilcoxon signed-rank or Friedman tests, and between-group comparisons were performed using Mann-Whitney U tests or chi-square tests, as appropriate. Multivariate linear regression analyses adjusted for age, pubertal status, GH dose, baseline height SDS, and GHD severity. RESULTS: Baseline demographic, auxological, and perinatal characteristics were similar between the groups. In both cohorts, height SDS, IGF-1 SDS, and IGFBP-3 SDS improved significantly during follow-up, whereas GH dose remained stable. When outcomes were compared during equivalent treatment intervals, no significant differences were observed between the switch and nonswitch groups in height velocity (8.72 +/- 2.64 vs. 8.42 +/- 1.62 cm/year; p = 0.108), DeltaHeight SDS (0.53 +/- 0.51 vs. 0.39 +/- 0.37; p = 0.206), DeltaIGF-1 SDS (0.82 +/- 0.69 vs. 0.71 +/- 0.54; p = 0.486), or DeltaIGFBP-3 SDS (0.86 +/- 0.90 vs. 0.64 +/- 0.45; p = 0.283). Similar findings were observed in patients with severe GHD (peak GH < 7 ng/mL). Multivariate regression analysis identified baseline height SDS and GH dose as independent predictors of 12-month height SDS change, whereas switch status and GHD severity were not independently associated with growth response. CONCLUSIONS: Switching between rhGH preparations was not associated with impaired growth or adverse biochemical outcomes in children with GHD. Growth and biochemical responses were comparable between switched and nonswitched patients during equivalent treatment intervals, including among patients with severe GHD. These findings support the clinical feasibility of switching between daily rhGH preparations when required because of reimbursement policies, product availability, or other practical clinical considerations. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Not applicable. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Deligozoglu, Duygu AU - Deligozoglu D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4804-3048 AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. dyg_ertn@hotmail.com. FAU - Gokdemir, Irem AU - Gokdemir I AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-2967-6437 AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Genc, Can Alp AU - Genc CA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0756-9745 AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Buyukyilmaz, Gonul AU - Buyukyilmaz G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7888-7295 AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Cetin, Sirmen Kizilcan AU - Cetin SK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7397-3071 AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Isik, Emregul AU - Isik E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0162-6745 AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Sengil, Hande Nur AU - Sengil HN AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-9024-6283 AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Tepe, Derya AU - Tepe D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2935-3008 AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Kocaay, Pinar AU - Kocaay P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0850-0360 AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Boyraz, Mehmet AU - Boyraz M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4289-9128 AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Gurbuz, Fatih AU - Gurbuz F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2160-9838 AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260701 PL - England TA - BMC Endocr Disord JT - BMC endocrine disorders JID - 101088676 RN - 12629-01-5 (Human Growth Hormone) RN - 67763-96-6 (Insulin-Like Growth Factor I) RN - 0 (Recombinant Proteins) RN - 0 (Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3) RN - 0 (IGF1 protein, human) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Human Growth Hormone/deficiency/therapeutic use/administration & dosage MH - Female MH - Male MH - Child MH - Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/analysis/metabolism MH - Treatment Outcome MH - Body Height/drug effects MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Recombinant Proteins/administration & dosage MH - *Growth Disorders/drug therapy MH - Adolescent MH - Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3/blood MH - *Drug Substitution MH - Prognosis MH - Child, Preschool PMC - PMC13595697 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Growth hormone deficiency OT - Growth hormone therapy OT - Growth response OT - Real-world study OT - Treatment switch COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This retrospective study involving human participant data was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of Ankara Bilkent City Hospital (Approval No: 2-24-516; Date: 18 September 2024). The requirement for informed consent to participate was waived by the ethics committee due to the retrospective design of the study, which used anonymized electronic medical records without direct patient contact. All procedures were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the Declaration of Helsinki. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/02 06:37 MHDA- 2026/09/22 05:37 PMCR- 2026/07/01 CRDT- 2026/07/02 00:47 PHST- 2026/02/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/22 05:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/02 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/02 00:47 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12902-026-02395-8 [pii] AID - 2395 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12902-026-02395-8 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Endocr Disord. 2026 Jul 1;26(1):286. doi: 10.1186/s12902-026-02395-8. PMID- 42387143 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261009 LR - 20261011 IS - 1476-5497 (Electronic) IS - 0307-0565 (Print) IS - 0307-0565 (Linking) VI - 50 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Decision tree-based prediction of 5-year weight trajectories after bariatric surgery in adolescents and young adults: a retrospective cohort study from France and Sweden. PG - 2008-2014 LID - 10.1038/s41366-026-02134-y [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Metabolic-bariatric surgery is an efficient therapy in selected adolescents with severe obesity. However, predicting the postoperative weight loss is challenging. A machine learning calculator predicting 5-year weight loss trajectory has been developed in adults, based on seven preoperative features. The aim of the present study was to adapt and test it in adolescents. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study in patients aged 12-20 years undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), sleeve gastrectomy (SG), or adjustable gastric band (AGB) in France and Sweden between 2001 and 2022. Primary outcome was the accuracy of 5-year BMI prediction, expressed as the median absolute deviation (MAD) between predicted and observed BMI. The model developed in adults, was trained in a subset of 80% of randomly selected adolescents, and secondly tested in the remaining 20%. RESULTS: We enrolled a total of 2255 patients (1705 female [75.6%], 12-20 years [median 19]). Five-year follow-up data were available for 59% of French and 38% of Swedish patients. The median (IQR) 5-year total weight loss was 30.2% (23.9-38.6) for RYGB, 23.4% (13.7-32.8) for SG, and 13.4% (0.0-30.1) for AGB. The adapted model predicted the observed 5-year BMI with a MAD of 3.7 kg/m(2) (95% CI [3.3-3.9]). The accuracy of the model was maximal for bypass (3.2 kg/m(2) [3.0-3.7]), good for SG (3.9 kg/m(2) [3.1-5.0]), and lower for AGB (7.3 kg/m(2) [5.5-8.4]), and accuracy decreased with time and in adolescents under 19 years. Age, height, weight, and type of intervention influenced 5-year weight loss. Type 2 diabetes influenced weight loss until 2 years after surgery, but not later. CONCLUSION: The model had an acceptable accuracy for adolescents to predict 5-year postoperative weight loss trajectory. Accuracy decreased over time and was influenced by type of intervention and age. This calculator is available online: https://bariatric-weight-trajectory-prediction.univ-lille.fr/ . CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Gueorguieva, Iva AU - Gueorguieva I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3562-6973 AD - Pediatric Endocrine Unit, CHU Lille, Univ Lille, Lille, France. iva.gueorguieva@chu-lille.fr. AD - Translational research in diabetes obesity and metabolic diseases, U1190 Univ Lille, Inserm Institut Pasteur Lille, CHU Lille, Univ Lille, Inserm Institut Pasteur Lille, CHU Lille, Lille, France. iva.gueorguieva@chu-lille.fr. FAU - Lespagnol, Celine AU - Lespagnol C AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-4756-7710 AD - Pediatric Endocrine Unit, CHU Lille, Univ Lille, Lille, France. FAU - Saux, Patrick AU - Saux P AD - CNRS, Inria, Centrale Lille, UMR 9189 - CRIStAL, Universite de Lille, Lille, France. FAU - Jarvholm, Kajsa AU - Jarvholm K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0779-4910 AD - Childhood Obesity Unit, Skane University Hospital, Malmo, Sweden. AD - Department of Psychology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. FAU - Stenberg, Erik AU - Stenberg E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9189-0093 AD - Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Orebro University, Orebro, Sweden. FAU - Aubry, Estelle AU - Aubry E AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery Unit, CHU Lille, Universite de Lille, Lille, France. FAU - Amsellem-Jager, Jessica AU - Amsellem-Jager J AD - Pediatric Endocrine Unit, CHU Angers, Universite d'Angers,, Angers, France. FAU - Coutant, Regis AU - Coutant R AD - Pediatric Endocrine Unit, CHU Angers, Universite d'Angers,, Angers, France. FAU - Dabbas, Myriam AU - Dabbas M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5901-3629 AD - Nutrition Obesity Department, Necker- Enfants Malades University Hospital, Paris, France. FAU - Caiazzo, Robert AU - Caiazzo R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5383-0540 AD - Translational research in diabetes obesity and metabolic diseases, U1190 Univ Lille, Inserm Institut Pasteur Lille, CHU Lille, Univ Lille, Inserm Institut Pasteur Lille, CHU Lille, Lille, France. AD - Department of general and endocrine surgery, CHU Lille, Lille, France. FAU - Khen-Dunlop, Naziha AU - Khen-Dunlop N AD - Pediatric Surgery Department, AP-HP Centre, Necker- Enfants Malades University Hospital, Paris, France. FAU - De Filippo, Gianpaolo AU - De Filippo G AD - Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de Paris, Hopital Robert-Debre, Service d'Endocrinologie et Diabetologie, Paris, France. AD - French Research Group in Adolescent Medicine and Health (GRMSA), Paris, France. FAU - Dagher, Ibrahim AU - Dagher I AD - Minimally Invasive Digestive Surgery, Antoine-Beclere Hospital, Clamart, France. AD - School of Medicine, Paris-Saclay University, Orsay, France. FAU - Dubern, Beatrice AU - Dubern B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0065-5344 AD - Pediatric Nutrition and Gastroenterology Department, Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de Paris, Hopital Armand-Trousseau, Sorbonne Universite,, Paris, France. FAU - Terraz, Catherine AU - Terraz C AD - Pediatric Nutrition and Gastroenterology Department, Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de Paris, Hopital Armand-Trousseau, Sorbonne Universite,, Paris, France. FAU - Maggioni, Gabriele AU - Maggioni G AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-9114-043X AD - Translational research in diabetes obesity and metabolic diseases, U1190 Univ Lille, Inserm Institut Pasteur Lille, CHU Lille, Univ Lille, Inserm Institut Pasteur Lille, CHU Lille, Lille, France. AD - CNRS, Inria, Centrale Lille, UMR 9189 - CRIStAL, Universite de Lille, Lille, France. FAU - Preux, Philippe AU - Preux P AD - CNRS, Inria, Centrale Lille, UMR 9189 - CRIStAL, Universite de Lille, Lille, France. FAU - Verkindt, Helene AU - Verkindt H AD - Translational research in diabetes obesity and metabolic diseases, U1190 Univ Lille, Inserm Institut Pasteur Lille, CHU Lille, Univ Lille, Inserm Institut Pasteur Lille, CHU Lille, Lille, France. AD - Department of general and endocrine surgery, CHU Lille, Lille, France. FAU - Oukhouya, Naima AU - Oukhouya N AD - Translational research in diabetes obesity and metabolic diseases, U1190 Univ Lille, Inserm Institut Pasteur Lille, CHU Lille, Univ Lille, Inserm Institut Pasteur Lille, CHU Lille, Lille, France. AD - Department of general and endocrine surgery, CHU Lille, Lille, France. FAU - Olbers, Torsten AU - Olbers T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7218-3390 AD - Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Linkoping University, Norrkoping, Sweden. FAU - Pattou, Francois AU - Pattou F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8388-3766 AD - Translational research in diabetes obesity and metabolic diseases, U1190 Univ Lille, Inserm Institut Pasteur Lille, CHU Lille, Univ Lille, Inserm Institut Pasteur Lille, CHU Lille, Lille, France. francois.pattou@univ-lille.fr. AD - Department of general and endocrine surgery, CHU Lille, Lille, France. francois.pattou@univ-lille.fr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260701 PL - England TA - Int J Obes (Lond) JT - International journal of obesity (2005) JID - 101256108 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Sweden/epidemiology MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Adolescent MH - France/epidemiology MH - *Bariatric Surgery/statistics & numerical data MH - *Weight Loss/physiology MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - *Body-Weight Trajectory MH - *Decision Trees MH - Child MH - Body Mass Index MH - *Obesity, Morbid/surgery MH - Prediction Algorithms PMC - PMC13649590 COIS- Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/02 00:33 MHDA- 2026/10/09 05:30 PMCR- 2026/07/01 CRDT- 2026/07/01 23:46 PHST- 2024/09/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/10/09 05:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/02 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/01 23:46 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41366-026-02134-y [pii] AID - 2134 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41366-026-02134-y [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Obes (Lond). 2026 Sep;50(9):2008-2014. doi: 10.1038/s41366-026-02134-y. Epub 2026 Jul 1. PMID- 42386993 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260701 LR - 20261010 IS - 1432-1076 (Electronic) IS - 0340-6199 (Linking) VI - 185 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul 2 TI - Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Physical Activity Parenting Questionnaire for Children. LID - 546 [pii] LID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07210-z [doi] AB - Parental practices play a critical role in shaping children's physical activity behaviors, particularly during early school age when parental influence remains strong. The Physical Activity Parenting Questionnaire for Children (PAP-C) is a child-reported, multidimensional instrument designed for children aged 7-10 years; however, no validated Turkish version is currently available. This study aimed to translate, culturally adapt, and evaluate the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the PAP-C. This methodological, cross-sectional study included 279 children aged 7-10 years attending a pediatric outpatient clinic in Turkiye. The PAP-C was translated and culturally adapted following internationally accepted guidelines. Content validity was assessed. Construct validity was examined using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Reliability was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega. The study included 279 children (mean age: 8.6 years). The Turkish PAP-C demonstrated strong content validity (S-CVI). Sociodemographic variables showed no significant differences in scale scores, except for higher Involvement scores in children whose fathers had primary school education (p = 0.033). Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed an acceptable to good model fit (CFI: 0.923, TLI: 0.913, RMSEA: 0.055). Standardized factor loadings ranged from 0.599 to 0.866. All subscales exceeded empirical thresholds for convergent validity. The total scale showed good reliability (Omega: 0.951). HTMT values confirmed distinct discriminant validity among the three latent factors. CONCLUSION: The Turkish version of the PAP-C is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing children's perceptions of physical activity related parenting practices. It provides a culturally appropriate tool for both research and clinical assessment. WHAT IS KNOWN: * Parental practices are key determinants of children's physical activity behaviors, and children's perceptions of parenting are closely linked to motivation and engagement. * The Physical Activity Parenting Questionnaire for Children is a child-reported, multidimensional instrument grounded in Self-Determination Theory, capturing three parenting domains (Structure for Activity, Autonomy Support, and Involvement) and has been validated only in limited cultural contexts. WHAT IS NEW: * This study provides the first Turkish translation, cultural adaptation, and psychometric evaluation of the Physical Activity Parenting Questionnaire for Children in children aged 7-10 years. * Content validity was established with high item-level content validity index and scale-level content validity index based on the average method scores, demonstrating strong expert agreement on item relevance and cultural appropriateness. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Sivlim, Harun AU - Sivlim H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3184-5519 AD - Bayburt Provincial Directorate of Health, Bayburt, Turkiye. FAU - Come, Ogulcan AU - Come O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6624-832X AD - Faculty of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey. ogulcancome@gmail.com. FAU - Laukkanen, Arto AU - Laukkanen A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9722-0258 AD - Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260702 PL - Germany TA - Eur J Pediatr JT - European journal of pediatrics JID - 7603873 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Male MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Turkey MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Surveys and Questionnaires/standards MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - *Parenting/psychology MH - Psychometrics MH - Factor Analysis, Statistical MH - Translations MH - Parent-Child Relations OTO - NOTNLM OT - Child-report OT - Parenting practices OT - Physical activity OT - Questionnaire validation OT - Reliability COIS- Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors declare no competing interests. Declaration of generative AI and AI-assisted technologies: During the preparation of this work, the author(s) used ChatGPT-4o (OpenAI, 2025) in order to improve grammar, language clarity, and phrasing. After using this tool/service, the author(s) reviewed and edited the content as needed and take(s) full responsibility for the content of the publication. EDAT- 2026/07/02 00:33 MHDA- 2026/07/02 00:34 CRDT- 2026/07/01 23:42 PHST- 2026/02/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/02 00:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/02 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/01 23:42 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07210-z [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07210-z [doi] PST - epublish SO - Eur J Pediatr. 2026 Jul 2;185(7):546. doi: 10.1007/s00431-026-07210-z. PMID- 42386409 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261007 LR - 20261007 IS - 1871-403X (Print) IS - 1871-403X (Linking) VI - 20 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Sep-Oct TI - Adolescent body mass index as a strong predictor of pre-pregnancy obesity in Arkansas mothers. PG - 396-400 LID - S1871-403X(26)00069-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.orcp.2026.06.008 [doi] AB - Maternal obesity is strongly associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, the extent to which adolescent weight status can predict pre-pregnancy obesity and severe obesity among future first-time mothers has not been well explored. This cohort study utilized adolescent body mass index (BMI) assessments linked to birth records for women 20-30 years old to examine this relationship. The population-based study cohort included 27,370 first-time mothers who had a 10th-grade BMI measurement; among this cohort, 18,881 had BMI assessments in 10th, 8th, and 6th grade. Most women who had severe obesity in 10th grade still had severe obesity prior to their first pregnancy (78.2%). Predictive characteristics using 10th-grade weight categories for predicting pre-pregnancy obesity and severe obesity combined achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 84.2%, with 79.1% accuracy, 74.3% sensitivity, and 81.4% specificity. For pre-pregnancy severe obesity alone, the approach yielded an AUC of 88.1%, accuracy of 86.9%, sensitivity of 65.7%, and specificity of 91.0%. Predictive accuracy declined minimally in earlier grades (8th and 6th). Adolescent weight status demonstrates predictive capacity for pre-pregnancy obesity and severe obesity, even as early as 6th grade. Early risk identification may enable interventions to reduce maternal obesity and improve pregnancy outcomes. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Asia Oceania Association for the Study of Obesity. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Lazic, Antonije AU - Lazic A AD - Arkansas Center for Health Improvement, 1401W. Capitol Avenue, Suite 300,Victory Building, Little Rock, Arkansas 72201, USA. Electronic address: alazic@uams.edu. FAU - Thompson, Joseph W AU - Thompson JW AD - Arkansas Center for Health Improvement, 1401W. Capitol Avenue, Suite 300,Victory Building, Little Rock, Arkansas 72201, USA. FAU - Kahn, Ronald F AU - Kahn RF AD - Arkansas Center for Health Improvement, 1401W. Capitol Avenue, Suite 300,Victory Building, Little Rock, Arkansas 72201, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260701 PL - Netherlands TA - Obes Res Clin Pract JT - Obesity research & clinical practice JID - 101303911 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *Body Mass Index MH - *Obesity/epidemiology MH - Adolescent MH - Arkansas/epidemiology MH - Adult MH - *Pregnancy Complications/epidemiology MH - Young Adult MH - Pregnancy Outcome MH - *Mothers MH - Cohort Studies MH - Risk Factors OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescence OT - Obesity OT - Prediction OT - Pregnancy COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/07/02 00:34 MHDA- 2026/10/07 23:30 CRDT- 2026/07/01 21:55 PHST- 2026/01/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/07 23:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/02 00:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/01 21:55 [entrez] AID - S1871-403X(26)00069-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.orcp.2026.06.008 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Obes Res Clin Pract. 2026 Sep-Oct;20(5):396-400. doi: 10.1016/j.orcp.2026.06.008. Epub 2026 Jul 1. PMID- 42386292 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260701 LR - 20260813 IS - 2044-6055 (Electronic) IS - 2044-6055 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul 1 TI - Physical Literacy through Active plaY and environmental affordances in outdoor kindergarten settings: a multidimensional approach to Unveiling Potential (PLAY UP) - study protocol for a cluster-randomised trial. PG - e120976 LID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2026-120976 [doi] LID - e120976 AB - INTRODUCTION: Outdoor active play is essential for children's health, well-being and holistic development. However, there is a lack of high-quality evidence on effective sustainable and scalable interventions that leverage outdoor play and environmental affordances to promote physical literacy, including motor competence, physical activity, engagement and motivation for movement in early childhood. In particular, limited research has examined how outdoor kindergarten environments can be intentionally used and optimised to support diverse forms of active play through social and other potential affordances, nor how educators can be supported to facilitate such processes. The PLAY UP project aims to address this gap by investigating how a co-created, affordance-based intervention, developed in collaboration with children and supported by educator training, can enhance preschool children's engagement in active play and multidimensional development in outdoor kindergarten settings. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This study describes the protocol of a cluster-randomised trial to be conducted in Portugal, involving three kindergartens and up to 215 preschool children, their educators and parents. The protocol includes an initial pilot phase (approximately 75 children from one kindergarten) to assess feasibility, acceptability and implementation procedures, followed by a main study phase with intervention and wait-list control clusters. The intervention comprises 15 sessions delivered in outdoor kindergarten settings. PLAY UP adopts a multidimensional and multimethod approach combining quantitative and qualitative methods. Outcomes related to physical literacy, including physical activity, motor competence, engagement, enjoyment and motivation for movement, are assessed using questionnaires, standardised tasks, accelerometry, Global Positioning System-based positioning technologies and systematic observations, complemented by interviews. Data will be analysed using cluster-aware statistical models and integrative mixed-methods approaches. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This study has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the University of Evora (Ref. #24101). Written informed consent was obtained from parents or legal guardians, and all data will be handled confidentially in accordance with ethical and data protection standards. Study findings will be disseminated through open-access peer-reviewed publications, scientific conferences and knowledge-transfer activities targeting education professionals and relevant stakeholders. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT07355179. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ Group. FAU - Almeida, Gabriela AU - Almeida G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6716-2114 AD - Department of Sport and Health, University of Evora, School of Health and Human Development, Evora, Portugal gsna@uevora.pt. AD - Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Universidade de Evora, Evora, Portugal. FAU - Goncalves, Bruno AU - Goncalves B AD - Department of Sport and Health, University of Evora, School of Health and Human Development, Evora, Portugal. AD - Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Universidade de Evora, Evora, Portugal. FAU - Luz, Carlos AU - Luz C AD - Escola Superior de Educacao de Lisboa, Ci&DEI, Instituto Politecnico de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal. FAU - Galhardas, Luis AU - Galhardas L AD - Department of Sport and Health, University of Evora, School of Health and Human Development, Evora, Portugal. AD - Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Universidade de Evora, Evora, Portugal. FAU - Bilton, Helen AU - Bilton H AD - Institute of Education, University of Reading, Reading, UK. FAU - Marmeleira, Jose AU - Marmeleira J AD - Department of Sport and Health, University of Evora, School of Health and Human Development, Evora, Portugal. AD - Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Universidade de Evora, Evora, Portugal. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT07355179 PT - Clinical Trial Protocol PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260701 PL - England TA - BMJ Open JT - BMJ open JID - 101552874 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Play and Playthings MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Exercise MH - Portugal MH - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic MH - Schools MH - Research Design PMC - PMC13358333 OTO - NOTNLM OT - child education OT - health OT - intervention OT - physical fitness COIS- Competing interests: None declared. EDAT- 2026/07/02 04:10 MHDA- 2026/07/02 04:11 PMCR- 2026/07/01 CRDT- 2026/07/01 21:03 PHST- 2026/07/02 04:11 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/02 04:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/01 21:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjopen-2026-120976 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2026-120976 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Open. 2026 Jul 1;16(7):e120976. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2026-120976. PMID- 42385346 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260916 LR - 20260916 IS - 1875-595X (Electronic) IS - 0020-6539 (Print) IS - 0020-6539 (Linking) VI - 76 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Oct TI - CBCT-Based Clinico-Radiomic Nomogram Predicting Preoperative Mandibular Third Molar Difficulty: Development/Validation. PG - 109714 LID - S0020-6539(26)00307-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.identj.2026.109714 [doi] LID - 109714 AB - OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to develop and validate a clinico-radiomic nomogram, integrating Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) radiomic features with clinical characteristics, to predict the difficulty of mandibular third molar (MTM) extraction. METHODS: A retrospective cohort of 600 patients undergoing MTM extraction was divided into training and validation sets. Radiomic features were extracted from preoperative CBCT images. The Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) method was used to select key features and build a radiomic score (Rad-score). Multivariable logistic regression identified independent clinical predictors. A final nomogram was established by combining the Rad-score and clinical factors. The model's performance was assessed for discrimination (AUC), calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow test), and clinical utility (Decision Curve Analysis - DCA). RESULTS: Eleven robust features were selected to construct a radiomic signature. The Rad-score was significantly higher in the high-difficulty group (P < .001). Five independent predictors were identified: Age, BMI, Pell & Gregory classification, Root Curvature, and the Rad-score. The combined clinico-radiomic nomogram demonstrated superior predictive performance in both training (AUC = 0.892) and validation (AUC = 0.865) cohorts, significantly outperforming models based solely on clinical or radiomic factors alone. The model showed excellent calibration between predicted and observed probabilities and demonstrated substantial clinical net benefit via DCA. CONCLUSION: The novel CBCT-based clinico-radiomic nomogram provides a noninvasive, accurate, and visual tool for the preoperative stratification of MTM extraction difficulty. This facilitates more informed surgical planning and personalised patient counselling. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Xu, Mingchen AU - Xu M AD - Department of Emergency General, Wuxi Stomatological Hospital, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, China. FAU - Wu, Yijun AU - Wu Y AD - Department of Emergency General, Wuxi Stomatological Hospital, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, China. Electronic address: 15906176640@163.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260701 PL - England TA - Int Dent J JT - International dental journal JID - 0374714 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Nomograms MH - *Cone-Beam Computed Tomography/methods MH - *Molar, Third/surgery/diagnostic imaging MH - Female MH - Radiomics MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Male MH - Adult MH - *Tooth Extraction/methods MH - Mandible/diagnostic imaging/surgery MH - Young Adult MH - *Tooth, Impacted/surgery/diagnostic imaging MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13355169 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cone-beam computed tomography OT - Mandibular third molar OT - Nomogram OT - Radiomics OT - Tooth extraction EDAT- 2026/07/02 04:10 MHDA- 2026/09/16 05:36 PMCR- 2026/07/01 CRDT- 2026/07/01 18:02 PHST- 2026/04/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/16 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/02 04:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/01 18:02 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0020-6539(26)00307-2 [pii] AID - 109714 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.identj.2026.109714 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int Dent J. 2026 Oct;76(5):109714. doi: 10.1016/j.identj.2026.109714. Epub 2026 Jul 1. PMID- 42385041 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260701 LR - 20260813 IS - 1806-9282 (Electronic) IS - 0104-4230 (Print) IS - 0104-4230 (Linking) VI - 72 IP - 4 DP - 2026 TI - Association of immunonutrition-based indices (Hemoglobin-Albumin-Lymphocyte-Platelet, prognostic nutritional index, and C-reactive protein-albumin-lymphocyte) with the latency period in preterm prelabor rupture of membranes. PG - e20251977 LID - S0104-42302026000402216 [pii] LID - 10.1590/1806-9282.20251977 [doi] LID - e20251977 AB - OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive value of immunonutrition-based indices (Hemoglobin, Albumin, Lymphocyte, Platelet score, prognostic nutritional index, and C-reactive protein-albumin-lymphocyte index) for latency duration and neonatal outcomes in preterm prelabor rupture of membranes. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 145 singleton pregnancies diagnosed with PPROM between 24 and 34 weeks. Patients were categorized by latency duration (48 h), and subgroup analyses used thresholds of 72 h, 96 h, and 7 days. Maternal, laboratory, and neonatal characteristics were compared. Logistic regression adjusted for parity and gestational age evaluated associations between indices and latency. RESULTS: Hemoglobin, Albumin, Lymphocyte, Platelet, prognostic nutritional index, and C-reactive protein-albumin-lymphocyte values showed no significant differences across latency groups (all p>0.05). Only respiratory distress syndrome was more frequent in the short-latency group (p=0.005). CONCLUSION: Immunonutrition indices remained stable across latency durations, highlighting the predominance of localized inflammatory and structural mechanisms in preterm prelabor rupture of membranes pathophysiology. FAU - Arzik, Ilayda Gercik AU - Arzik IG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7308-352X AD - Izmir City Hospital, Department of Perinatology - Izmir, Turkey. FAU - Golbasi, Hakan AU - Golbasi H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8682-5537 AD - Izmir City Hospital, Department of Perinatology - Izmir, Turkey. FAU - Aktas, Hale Ankara AU - Aktas HA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0723-4948 AD - Izmir City Hospital, Department of Perinatology - Izmir, Turkey. FAU - Toka, Ilknur AU - Toka I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3804-2826 AD - Izmir City Hospital, Department of Perinatology - Izmir, Turkey. FAU - Cakir, Zubeyde Emiralioglu AU - Cakir ZE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8298-8363 AD - Izmir City Hospital, Department of Perinatology - Izmir, Turkey. FAU - Purut, Ceren Saglam AU - Purut CS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6013-6602 AD - Izmir City Hospital, Department of Perinatology - Izmir, Turkey. FAU - Torun, Raziye AU - Torun R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0272-7196 AD - Izmir City Hospital, Department of Perinatology - Izmir, Turkey. FAU - Bayram, Emre AU - Bayram E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2333-6805 AD - Izmir City Hospital, Department of Perinatology - Izmir, Turkey. FAU - Bayraktar, Burak AU - Bayraktar B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6233-4207 AD - University of Health Sciences, Ankara Etlik City Hospital, Department of Perinatology - Ankara, Turkey. AD - University of Health Sciences, Ankara Etlik City Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Perinatology - Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Ekin, Atalay AU - Ekin A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4712-3927 AD - Izmir City Hospital, Department of Perinatology - Izmir, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260629 PL - Brazil TA - Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) JT - Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992) JID - 9308586 RN - 9007-41-4 (C-Reactive Protein) RN - 0 (Hemoglobins) RN - 0 (Serum Albumin) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *Premature Rupture of Fetal Membranes/blood/immunology MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *C-Reactive Protein/analysis MH - Adult MH - Prognosis MH - Hemoglobins/analysis MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Serum Albumin/analysis MH - *Nutrition Assessment MH - Gestational Age MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - Time Factors MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - Immunonutrition Diet MH - Nutritional Status MH - Lymphocytes PMC - PMC13313070 COIS- Conflicts of interest: the authors declare there is no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/01 18:33 MHDA- 2026/07/01 18:34 PMCR- 2026/06/29 CRDT- 2026/07/01 15:44 PHST- 2025/11/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/01/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/01 18:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/01 18:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/01 15:44 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0104-42302026000402216 [pii] AID - 10.1590/1806-9282.20251977 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 2026 Jun 29;72(4):e20251977. doi: 10.1590/1806-9282.20251977. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42384157 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260721 LR - 20260813 IS - 1573-3521 (Electronic) IS - 0160-7715 (Print) IS - 0160-7715 (Linking) VI - 49 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Ecological predictors of daily dietary intake in black adolescents with overweight and obesity in the families improving together (FIT) for weight loss trial. PG - 631-643 LID - 10.1007/s10865-026-00686-y [doi] AB - Healthful eating habits (i.e., increased fruit and vegetable and decreased hyperpalatable energy-dense food and drink consumption) are important for preventing chronic disease risk (e.g., obesity) and improving overall health in Black adolescents.This study examines the intrapersonal, interpersonal, and environmental factors associated with daily dietary intake in Black adolescents with overweight and obesity. Baseline data were analyzed from 241 Black parent-adolescent dyads who participated in the Families Improving Together (FIT) for Weight Loss trial (Adolescent: Mage = 12.8 years, SD = 1.8; 63% female; MBMI% = 96.6, SD = 4.3). Intrapersonal factors included dietary motivation. Interpersonal factors included social support for diet from family. Environmental factors included access to food in the home. Dietary outcomes were measured using validated adolescent self-reported surveys. Separate multiple linear regressions revealed several associations between ecological factors and daily food intake. Greater access to more-healthful foods was associated with increased daily vegetable intake (beta = 0.18, SE = 0.08, p < .05), whereas greater access to less-healthful foods was associated with increased daily fruit intake (beta = 0.24, SE = 0.08, p < .05). Greater access to less-healthful foods was associated with increased daily energy-dense food intake (beta = 0.75, SE = 0.10, p < .001), whereas increased self-reported dietary motivation was associated with decreased daily energy-dense food intake (beta = -0.24, SE = 0.10, p < .05). Greater access to less-healthful foods (beta = 1.48, SE = 0.23, p < .001) and higher adolescent BMI (beta = 0.84, SE = 0.40, p < .05) was also associated with increased sugar-sweetened beverage consumption. These findings suggest that access to more-healthful foods is associated with greater vegetable intake, while restricting access to less-healthful foods and increased motivation for more healthful eating were associated with lower sugar-sweetened beverage and energy-dense food consumption among Black adolescents. These findings may inform future health promotion programs across various ecological levels of dietary behaviors in Black youth with overweight and obesity. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - White, Taylor R AU - White TR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6540-0994 AD - Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA. trw9@email.sc.edu. FAU - Wilson, Dawn K AU - Wilson DK AD - Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA. FAU - Tucker, Sonali AU - Tucker S AD - Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA. FAU - Sweeney, Allison AU - Sweeney A AD - School of Nursing, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20260701 PL - United States TA - J Behav Med JT - Journal of behavioral medicine JID - 7807105 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Black or African American/psychology MH - Diet MH - Diet, Healthy MH - *Feeding Behavior/ethnology/psychology MH - Motivation MH - *Pediatric Obesity/ethnology/psychology/therapy MH - Social Support MH - Weight Loss PMC - PMC13385267 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent OT - Black or African American OT - Diet OT - Ecological OT - Food availability OT - Obesity COIS- Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Ethical approval: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Institutional Review Board of the University of South Carolina (Protocol Code: Pro00016136, approved January 23, 2013). Consent to participate: Informed consent and assent were obtained from all subjects involved in the study. Trial registration: The FIT trial was registered on January 23, 2013, on ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01796067. EDAT- 2026/07/01 16:11 MHDA- 2026/07/21 06:34 PMCR- 2026/07/01 CRDT- 2026/07/01 11:06 PHST- 2025/12/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/21 06:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/01 16:11 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/01 11:06 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s10865-026-00686-y [pii] AID - 686 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s10865-026-00686-y [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Behav Med. 2026 Aug;49(4):631-643. doi: 10.1007/s10865-026-00686-y. Epub 2026 Jul 1. PMID- 42382940 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260701 LR - 20260813 IS - 2094-9278 (Electronic) IS - 0001-6071 (Print) IS - 0001-6071 (Linking) VI - 60 IP - 10 DP - 2026 TI - Philippine Clinical Practice Guidelines for Periodic Health Examination: Screening for Musculoskeletal Disorders. PG - 175-195 LID - 10.47895/amp.v60i10.10951 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Musculoskeletal diseases (MSDs) are acutely or chronically painful conditions that cause limitations in mobility, dexterity, and participation in society. They are a major contributor to years lived with disability worldwide and their burden is higher in countries with a lower sociodemographic index, like the Philippines. The goal of this clinical practice guideline (CPG) is to provide recommendations to primary care providers on screening for MSDs among asymptomatic, apparently healthy children and adults. METHODS: Following the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach to CPG development recommended in the Department of Health Manual, the evidence of net benefit or harm of screening for nine musculoskeletal conditions and risk factors was obtained through systematic literature search. Information on costeffectiveness, patient values and preferences, acceptability, feasibility of screening, and its impact on equity were also obtained. The final recommendations were formulated through consensus by a panel of representatives from multiple stakeholder groups. RESULTS: There were 15 recommendations formulated. Strong recommendations were given to screen for physical inactivity among adults, fall risks and sarcopenia for adults aged >/=60 years old, and osteoporosis among women aged >/=65 years old. However, strong recommendations were made against screening for low vitamin D among infants, children, and adults, and against screening for osteoporosis among men and among women aged <65 years old. CONCLUSION: Through a comprehensive evaluation of the best available evidence using the GRADE approach, the Task Force developed 15 recommendations on screening and risk factor assessment for nine MSDs. These recommendations will serve as guidance on screening for MSDs at the primary care level. CI - (c) 2026 Acta Medica Philippina. FAU - Osio-Salido, Evelyn AU - Osio-Salido E AD - Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines. FAU - Mendoza, Nenacia Ranali Nirena P AU - Mendoza NRNP AD - Ospital ng Muntinlupa-Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Muntinlupa, Muntinlupa, Philippines. FAU - Reyes, Bernadette Heizel M AU - Reyes BHM AD - University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines. FAU - Orillaza, Nathaniel S Jr AU - Orillaza NS Jr AD - University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines. AD - Quirino Memorial Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines. FAU - Leochico, Carl Froilan D AU - Leochico CFD AD - Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada. AD - Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, St. Luke's Medical Center, Global City and Quezon City, Philippines. FAU - Burog, Aldrich Ivan Lois D AU - Burog AILD AD - Department of Clinical Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines. FAU - Bayona, Howell Henrian G AU - Bayona HHG AD - Graduate School of Health Sciences, Fujita Health University, Aichi, Japan. FAU - Chan, Kerwyn Jim C AU - Chan KJC AD - Department of Speech and Language Pathology, College of Rehabilitation Sciences, De La Salle Medical and Health Sciences Institute, Cavite, Philippines. FAU - Espino, Vaneza Leah A AU - Espino VLA AD - Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines. AD - Manila Med - Medical Center Manila, Manila, Philippines. FAU - Francisco, Mark David Dg AU - Francisco MDD AD - Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines. FAU - Infantado-Alejandro, Myzelle Anne J AU - Infantado-Alejandro MAJ AD - Department of Physical Therapy, College of Rehabilitation Sciences, De La Salle Medical and Health Sciences Institute, Cavite, Philippines. FAU - King, Rich Ericson C AU - King REC AD - Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines. FAU - Villanueva, Cary Amiel G AU - Villanueva CAG AD - Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines. FAU - Zamora, Mithi Kalayaan S AU - Zamora MKS AD - Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines. FAU - Salido, Isabel Teresa O AU - Salido ITO AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines. CN - Philippine Periodic Health Examination Task Force on Screening for Musculoskeletal Disorders LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260530 PL - Philippines TA - Acta Med Philipp JT - Acta medica Philippina JID - 0312677 PMC - PMC13316252 OTO - NOTNLM OT - executive check-up OT - musculoskeletal OT - periodic health examination OT - screening COIS- BMR, NSO, RCK declared financial conflicts of interest. EOS, CDL, and ADB have non-financial conflicts of interest. NPM, HGB, KCC, VAE, MDF, MJI, CGV, MSZ, and IOS declared no conflicts of interest. All declared conflicts of interest were managed. EDAT- 2026/07/01 06:33 MHDA- 2026/07/01 06:34 PMCR- 2026/05/30 CRDT- 2026/07/01 05:18 PHST- 2026/07/01 06:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/01 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/01 05:18 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - AMP-60-10-10951 [pii] AID - 10.47895/amp.v60i10.10951 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Acta Med Philipp. 2026 May 30;60(10):175-195. doi: 10.47895/amp.v60i10.10951. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42382932 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260701 LR - 20260813 IS - 2094-9278 (Electronic) IS - 0001-6071 (Print) IS - 0001-6071 (Linking) VI - 60 IP - 10 DP - 2026 TI - Philippine Clinical Practice Guidelines for Periodic Health Examination: Screening for Prenatal Disorders. PG - 210-227 LID - 10.47895/amp.v60i10.13595 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The Philippine Guidelines on Periodic Health Examination (PHEX) support the Universal Health Care Act by providing guidance on quality, accessible, and affordable screening services for Filipinos. Conditions that develop in the prenatal period are a major cause of neonatal deaths in the Philippines and account for 14% of deaths in children under five. OBJECTIVES: This guideline aims to provide evidence-based recommendations for screening prenatal disorders among asymptomatic, pregnant Filipino women. It also aims to equip general practitioners, obstetricsgynecology specialists, allied health professionals, patients, policymakers, regulatory agencies, and healthcare institutions with tools and guidance that facilitate informed, evidence-based healthcare decisions for pregnant women. METHODS: The development of this CPG followed the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach to CPG development recommended in the Department of Health (DOH) Manual. Recommendations were finalized using the Evidence-to-Decision (EtD) framework. Evidence Review Experts conducted a systematic literature search and critically appraised recent local and international clinical guidelines. When necessary, they conducted de novo systematic reviews. Information on the benefits and harms of screening, cost-effectiveness, patient values and preferences, acceptability, feasibility, and its impact on equity was obtained. A multisectoral consensus panel reviewed the evidence and developed recommendations. A user-friendly web application and engagement with stakeholders for promotion and implementation were among the dissemination strategies. Experts conducted an external review to provide feedback on the methodology and recommendations. RESULTS: Eleven recommendations for different screening strategies to improve the health outcomes of pregnant women and neonates were developed. This CPG contains recommendations for the screening for maternal thyroid disease, gestational diabetes mellitus, group B Streptococcus infection, fetal aneuploidy, risk for preeclampsia, iron deficiency anemia, and undernutrition, and conducting cervical length measurements, first-trimester ultrasound, and second-trimester ultrasound. CONCLUSION: This CPG provides 11 evidence-based recommendations. Applicability in the local setting was carefully considered through the involvement of different stakeholders. The recommendations herein shall hold until new evidence on screening, diagnosing, or managing various risk factors and diseases emerges, or contingencies dictate updating this CPG. This guideline will be updated after three (3) years. CI - (c) 2026 Acta Medica Philippina. FAU - Germar, Maria Julieta Corazon V AU - Germar MJCV AD - College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines. FAU - Palileo-Villanueva, Lia M AU - Palileo-Villanueva LM AD - College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines. FAU - Suplido, Sherri Ann L AU - Suplido SAL AD - Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines. FAU - Villaluz, Ma Susan B AU - Villaluz MSB AD - Cebu Puericulture Center and Maternity House, Inc., Cebu, Philippines. FAU - Gianan, Mike Justin A AU - Gianan MJA AD - Department of Family and Community Medicine, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines. FAU - Sy, Endrik H AU - Sy EH AD - Baguio General Hospital and Medical Center, Benguet, Philippines. FAU - Castillo, Betha Fe M AU - Castillo BFM AD - Dagupan Doctors Villaflor Memorial Hospital, Pangasinan, Philippines. FAU - Boransing, Potre Mairasna P AU - Boransing PMP AD - Amai Pakpak Medical Center, Marawi City, Philippines. FAU - De Peralta-Yambao, Helen B AU - De Peralta-Yambao HB AD - Cotabato Regional and Medical Center, Cotabato City, Philippines. FAU - Cacas, Maria Theresa G AU - Cacas MTG AD - University of the East Ramon Magsaysay Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines. FAU - Besa, John Jefferson V AU - Besa JJV AD - College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines. FAU - Masamayor, Ella Mae I AU - Masamayor EMI AD - Department of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines. FAU - Malijan, Greco Mark B AU - Malijan GMB AD - Clinical Trial Service and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom. FAU - Villanueva, Cary Amiel G AU - Villanueva CAG AD - Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines. FAU - Villafuerte, Andrew Rufino C AU - Villafuerte ARC AD - Department of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines. FAU - Cerrado, Johannes Paolo B AU - Cerrado JPB AD - Policy and Practice Research Group, Pandemic Sciences Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom. FAU - Cruz, Marie Gene D AU - Cruz MGD AD - Department of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines. FAU - De Castro, Lea Roselle O AU - De Castro LRO AD - Department of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines. FAU - Sucaldito, Ma Sergia Fatima C AU - Sucaldito MSFC AD - Department of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines. FAU - Yoshida, Alfonso Syoei R AU - Yoshida ASR AD - AMOSUP Seamen's Hospital - Manila, Manila, Philippines. FAU - Geroy, Lester Sam A AU - Geroy LSA AD - Philippine Society of Public Health Physicians (PSPHP), Inc., Paranaque City, Philippines. FAU - Estrada, Elvie Udaundo AU - Estrada EU AD - Integrated Midwives Association of the Philippines, Pangasinan, Philippines. FAU - Garcia, Daisy Evangeline C AU - Garcia DEC AD - Ilocos Training and Regional Medical Center, La Union, Philippines. FAU - Sta Ana, Ferdinand B AU - Sta Ana FB AD - Municipal Health Office, Narra, Palawan, Philippines. FAU - Elises-Molon, Kristine Therese R AU - Elises-Molon KTR AD - Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines. FAU - Silverio-Fernando, Karla Kristine AU - Silverio-Fernando KK AD - Manila Doctors Hospital, Manila, Philippines. FAU - Velayo, Clarissa L AU - Velayo CL AD - College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines. AD - Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines. FAU - David-Bustamante, Lara Marie AU - David-Bustamante LM AD - Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines. FAU - Diosana, Jo-Ann L AU - Diosana JL AD - Action for Economic Reforms (AER), Quezon City, Philippines. FAU - Silvestre, Maria Asuncion A AU - Silvestre MAA AD - Kalusugan ng Mag-Ina, Inc., (KMI), Quezon City, Philippines. FAU - Infantado-Alejandro, Myzelle Anne J AU - Infantado-Alejandro MAJ AD - Department of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines. AD - De La Salle Medical and Health Sciences Institute, Dasmarinas City, Cavite, Philippines. CN - Philippine Periodic Health Examination Task Force on Prenatal Disorders LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260530 PL - Philippines TA - Acta Med Philipp JT - Acta medica Philippina JID - 0312677 PMC - PMC13316254 OTO - NOTNLM OT - antenatal care OT - maternal health OT - neonatal health OT - prenatal clinical practice guidelines OT - screening COIS- All authors declared no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/01 06:33 MHDA- 2026/07/01 06:34 PMCR- 2026/05/30 CRDT- 2026/07/01 05:18 PHST- 2026/07/01 06:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/01 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/01 05:18 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - AMP-60-10-13595 [pii] AID - 10.47895/amp.v60i10.13595 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Acta Med Philipp. 2026 May 30;60(10):210-227. doi: 10.47895/amp.v60i10.13595. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42382929 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260701 LR - 20260813 IS - 2094-9278 (Electronic) IS - 0001-6071 (Print) IS - 0001-6071 (Linking) VI - 60 IP - 10 DP - 2026 TI - 2021 Clinical Practice Guidelines on Periodic Health Examination. PG - 7-27 LID - 10.47895/amp.v60i10.12061 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The first Philippine Guidelines on Periodic Health Examination (PHEX) provided evidence-based recommendations for prevention strategies in the Philippines, published in 2004. This 2021 clinical practice guideline (CPG) on PHEX aimed to update the previous PHEX recommendations to align with the implementation of the Universal Health Care Act. This CPG aimed to guide primary care providers, specialists, patients, and the general public and provide recommendations for safe, accessible, and cost-effective screening practices. METHODS: We followed the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach, including the GRADE Adolopment and Evidence-to-Decision framework (EtD). A multisectoral panel developed the recommendations by a formal consensus method upon evaluation of the evidence on benefits and harms, cost-effectiveness, patient values and preferences, acceptability, feasibility, and impact on equity. A conflicts of interest (COI) committee reviewed, evaluated, and managed the potential or declared conflicts of interest of this CPG's Task Force members. RESULTS: The 2020 PHEX CPG had 23 recommendation statements. Strong recommendations were made to screen for the following conditions 1) Hypertension, 2) Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus using fasting blood sugar, 3) Adult obesity using Body Mass Index (BMI), 4) Unhealthy alcohol use in adults, 5) Tobacco smoking, 6) Colorectal cancer, and 7) Cervical cancer.Weak recommendations were developed to screen for the following: 1) Lipid disorder among adults with cardiovascular risk factors, 2) Type 2 DM using HBA1C, 3) Acute malnutrition in children, 4) Unhealthy alcohol use in adolescents, 5) High-risk sexual behavior, 6) Depression, and 7) Pulmonary Tuberculosis using chest X-ray.On the other hand, strong recommendations were also made AGAINST screening for the following: 1) Developmental delay using developmental screening tools, 2) Coronary artery disease using ECG, and 3) Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) using serum creatinine.Weak recommendations were also formulated AGAINST screening for the following: 1) Anemia using hemoglobin and/or hematocrit, 2) CKD using urinalysis, and 3) Lung cancer using chest X-ray. CONCLUSION: This guideline encourages adherence without restricting clinical judgment or patient-specific considerations. It also informs payers and policymakers without serving as the sole basis for financial or legal decisions. The strong recommendations in this CPG can be used as quality-of-care indicators when evaluating primary care programs. The recommendation statements will be updated at least every three years or as new evidence emerges. CI - (c) 2026 Acta Medica Philippina. FAU - Cabaluna, Ian Theodore G AU - Cabaluna ITG AD - Institute of Clinical Epidemiology, National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines. FAU - Sulit, Maria Vanessa V AU - Sulit MVV AD - Institute of Clinical Epidemiology, National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines. FAU - Infantado-Alejandro, Myzelle Anne J AU - Infantado-Alejandro MAJ AD - De La Salle Medical and Health Sciences Institute, Cavite, Philippines. FAU - Bayona, Howell Henrian G AU - Bayona HHG AD - Institute of Clinical Epidemiology, National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines. FAU - Dans, Leonila F AU - Dans LF AD - Department of Clinical Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines. CN - 2021 Philippine Periodic Health Examination Guideline Task Force LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260530 PL - Philippines TA - Acta Med Philipp JT - Acta medica Philippina JID - 0312677 PMC - PMC13316251 OTO - NOTNLM OT - guidelines OT - periodic health examination OT - prevention OT - screening COIS- All authors declared no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/01 10:11 MHDA- 2026/07/01 10:12 PMCR- 2026/05/30 CRDT- 2026/07/01 05:18 PHST- 2026/07/01 10:12 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/01 10:11 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/01 05:18 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - AMP-60-10-12061 [pii] AID - 10.47895/amp.v60i10.12061 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Acta Med Philipp. 2026 May 30;60(10):7-27. doi: 10.47895/amp.v60i10.12061. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42382928 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260701 LR - 20260813 IS - 2094-9278 (Electronic) IS - 0001-6071 (Print) IS - 0001-6071 (Linking) VI - 60 IP - 10 DP - 2026 TI - Philippine Clinical Practice Guidelines for Periodic Health Examination: Screening for Renal, Metabolic, Nutritional, and Endocrine Disorders. PG - 196-209 LID - 10.47895/amp.v60i10.11674 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Renal, metabolic, nutritional, and endocrine disorders significantly affect Filipinos due to the resulting mortality, cardiovascular outcomes, and negative impact on quality of life. Screening for these disorders may lead to earlier detection and management of the disease, with subsequent improvement of clinical outcomes if early therapeutic options are available. This must be balanced with potential harms resulting from mislabeling and the adverse effects of treatment. The objective of this clinical practice guideline (CPG) is to provide recommendations to optimize patient care on screening for renal, metabolic, nutritional, and endocrine disorders among asymptomatic, apparently healthy Filipinos. METHODS: We followed the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach to CPG development recommended in the Department of Health Manual. The process included 1) generation of critical questions and critical outcomes, 2) retrieval of current evidence, 3) synthesis and assessment of the evidence base for these critical questions, 4) formulation of draft recommendations, 5) convening of a multisectoral stakeholder panel that evaluated the evidence base and considered feasibility, values, and preferences in formulating recommendations, and 6) planning for dissemination, implementation, impact evaluation, and updating. We performed a systematic synthesis of evidence to address screening for high climacteric syndrome, hypocalcemia or hypercalcemia, prediabetes, chronic kidney disease, hyperuricemia, malnutrition, nutritional anemia, among asymptomatic, apparently healthy adult Filipinos, and sexual maturity among asymptomatic, apparently healthy adolescent Filipinos. RESULTS: After the presentation of the evidence synthesis and deliberation of the consensus panelists, this CPG provides 18 recommendation statements for the eight conditions. These statement recommendations serve as guides for the primary care physicians in their screening for the identified renal, metabolic, nutritional, and endocrine disorders. The CPG recommends AGAINST screening for high climacteric syndrome among asymptomatic, apparently healthy women aged 45-55 years using hormonal tests. Moreover, the guideline DOES NOT recommend the use of serum calcium, electrocardiogram, or bone mineral density in screening for hypocalcemia or hypercalcemia; estimated glomerular filtration rate, urine albumin concentration, urine albumin-creatinine ratio, and kidney ultrasonography in screening for chronic kidney disease; mid-upper arm circumference in screening for malnutrition; and, serum uric acid in screening for hyperuricemia for apparently healthy, asymptomatic adults. Routine assessment for sexual maturity among asymptomatic adolescents is also NOT recommended. However, the guideline recommends using fasting plasma glucose and hemoglobin A1C in screening for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus; waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, and body mass index in screening for malnutrition; and hemoglobin and red blood cell parameters in screening for nutritional anemia. CONCLUSION: The CPG for the Periodic Health Examination, a joint project of the Department of Health and the National Institutes of Health, addressed selected renal, metabolic, nutritional, and endocrine conditions and provided recommendations for their screening. The statements are made to guide the primary care physicians in the screening of identified renal, metabolic, nutritional, and endocrine disorders. These recommendations will be updated after three years or until new evidence arises. CI - (c) 2026 Acta Medica Philippina. FAU - Paz-Pacheco, Elizabeth AU - Paz-Pacheco E AD - Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines. FAU - Oliva, Raymond V AU - Oliva RV AD - Division of Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines. FAU - Acuin, Cecilia S AU - Acuin CS AD - Institute of Human Nutrition and Food, University of the Philippines Los Banos, Laguna, Philippines. FAU - Tan, Rey Jaime M AU - Tan RJM AD - Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines. FAU - Sarsagat, Jim Paulo D AU - Sarsagat JPD AD - Allied Care Experts Medical Center Palawan, Palawan, Philippines. CN - Philippine Periodic Health Examination Task Force on Screening for Renal, Metabolic, Nutrition, and Endocrine Disorders LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260530 PL - Philippines TA - Acta Med Philipp JT - Acta medica Philippina JID - 0312677 PMC - PMC13316249 OTO - NOTNLM OT - anemia OT - chronic kidney diseases OT - climacteric OT - guidelines OT - hypercalcemia OT - hyperuricemia OT - hypocalcemia OT - malnutrition OT - menopause OT - obesity OT - prediabetes OT - sexual maturation COIS- All authors declared no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/01 06:33 MHDA- 2026/07/01 06:34 PMCR- 2026/05/30 CRDT- 2026/07/01 05:18 PHST- 2026/07/01 06:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/01 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/01 05:18 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - AMP-60-10-11674 [pii] AID - 10.47895/amp.v60i10.11674 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Acta Med Philipp. 2026 May 30;60(10):196-209. doi: 10.47895/amp.v60i10.11674. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42382901 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260701 LR - 20260813 IS - 2168-8184 (Print) IS - 2168-8184 (Electronic) IS - 2168-8184 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 5 DP - 2026 May TI - Development of a Nomogram for Peak Nasal Inspiratory Flow Among Indian Children: A Hospital-Based Observational Study. PG - e109948 LID - 10.7759/cureus.109948 [doi] LID - e109948 AB - OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to develop a nomogram for the peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF) meter among Indian children and to determine the cutoff value of peak nasal inspiratory flow to detect allergic rhinitis and the blocker variety, as well as to look for differences in PNIF value among age groups. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the pediatric outpatient department of a tertiary hospital among children aged six to 17 years. The PNIF data were obtained along with demographic variables. Children were diagnosed with allergic rhinitis, with or without blockage symptoms, according to the Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) classification. A total of 573 children were included after applying the exclusion criteria. Data analysis was done using SPSS Statistics version 25 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) and Dxt version 1.0 (Biostatistics Resource and Training Centre, Christian Medical College Vellore, TN, IND). RESULTS: The mean PNIF value of all age groups was 67.95 L/min (standard deviation 13.46). The PNIF has a statistically significant but weak correlation with age and a statistically significant difference between age groups. Cutoff values for both allergic rhinitis and blocker varieties were 65 L/min, with varying sensitivity and specificity across age groups. Multiple linear regression analysis derived the equation for PNIF = 53.061 + (1.689 x age) + (1.312 x gender) + (-0.015 x BMI). CONCLUSION: The PNIF with set cutoff values can be used to diagnose allergic rhinitis and the blocker variety in Indian children. It can be used as a diagnostic tool to determine allergic rhinitis with modest diagnostic accuracy in the six to nine-year and 13 to 17-year age groups. For children more than 10 years of age, PNIF demonstrates clinical utility in determining the obstructive nasal phenotype. CI - Copyright (c) 2026, Mitra et al. FAU - Mitra, Samya AU - Mitra S AD - Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Kalyani, IND. FAU - Mishra, Nihar R AU - Mishra NR AD - Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Kalyani, IND. FAU - Singh, Ritesh AU - Singh R AD - Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Kalyani, IND. FAU - Sarkar, Subhankar AU - Sarkar S AD - Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Kalyani, IND. FAU - Das, Aditi AU - Das A AD - Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Kalyani, IND. FAU - Bhunia, Niladri S AU - Bhunia NS AD - Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Kalyani, IND. FAU - Bhowmick, Rohit AU - Bhowmick R AD - Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Kalyani, IND. FAU - Sonowal, Rimjhim AU - Sonowal R AD - Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Kalyani, IND. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260530 PL - United States TA - Cureus JT - Cureus JID - 101596737 PMC - PMC13315212 OTO - NOTNLM OT - allergic rhinitis OT - clinical nomogram OT - indian children OT - peak nasal inspiratory flow OT - pediatric allergy COIS- Human subjects: Informed consent for treatment and open access publication was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Institutional Ethics Committee of All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Kalyani issued approval IEC/AIIMS/Kalyani/Meeting/2023/096. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work. EDAT- 2026/07/01 10:11 MHDA- 2026/07/01 10:12 PMCR- 2026/05/30 CRDT- 2026/07/01 05:18 PHST- 2026/05/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/01 10:12 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/01 10:11 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/01 05:18 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.7759/cureus.109948 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cureus. 2026 May 30;18(5):e109948. doi: 10.7759/cureus.109948. eCollection 2026 May. PMID- 42382175 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260701 LR - 20260813 IS - 1663-9812 (Print) IS - 1663-9812 (Electronic) IS - 1663-9812 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Pharmacogenomic impact and genetic architecture of toxicity in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia induction therapy: an exploratory modeling approach. PG - 1830183 LID - 10.3389/fphar.2026.1830183 [doi] LID - 1830183 AB - Induction chemotherapy for pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is highly curative but accompanied by a severe toxicity profile. Evaluating the genetic susceptibility to these adverse events could inform hypothesis-generating risk stratification. In this exploratory retrospective cohort study (N = 178), we investigated the influence of 14 candidate pharmacogenetic variants on the development of prevalent Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs, >/= 10 events). Multiple logistic regression, adjusted for basic demographic and anthropometric covariates (age and body surface area), was utilized across comprehensive inheritance architectures (additive, dominant, recessive, and co-dominant). For clinical translation hypothesis generation, we applied LASSO-penalized logistic regression (alpha = 1), 10-fold cross-validation to derive parsimonious Pharmacogenetic Risk Scores (PGRS). Model performance was evaluated using the optimism-corrected Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC) via 1000-iteration bootstrap resampling, and calibration was assessed via the Brier score. We observed several complex interactions, notably suggesting an increased risk of severe neutropenia in patients carrying a homozygous variant CYP3A5 rs776746 genotype (nominally significant OR 5.58, p = 0.006) and a potential pleiotropic protective effect from NFATC2 rs6021191 (OR 0.09, p = 0.001). Penalized selection allowed the construction of compact, multi-locus mathematical risk scores that demonstrated promising diagnostic discrimination for Neutropenia (optimism-corrected AUC 0.793, 95% CI 0.72-0.85; Brier score 0.12), while displaying limited to moderate performance for other clinically discriminating toxicities like Infection (AUC 0.650) and Gastrointestinal complications (AUC 0.607). The primary contribution of this study is the prioritization of pharmacogenomic candidate signals rather than the proposal of models ready for clinical intervention. The integration of alternative genotype parameterizations and regularized machine learning highlights pathways for future predictive research. However, given the retrospective nature of the study and inherent risks of internal optimism, these scores serve as biologically informed proof-of-concept models that strictly require robust prospective external validation. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Gutierrez-Caceres, Alarcon-Concha, Aracena-Farias, Torres, Acuna, Sandoval, Silva, Ormeno, Oyarce, Cerpa and Martinez. FAU - Gutierrez-Caceres, Carolina AU - Gutierrez-Caceres C AD - Laboratory of Advanced Research in Personalized Medicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile. AD - Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile. FAU - Alarcon-Concha, Claudio AU - Alarcon-Concha C AD - Laboratory of Advanced Research in Personalized Medicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile. AD - Laboratory of Chemical Carcinogenesis and Pharmacogenetics (CQF), Department of Basic and Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile. FAU - Aracena-Farias, Javiera AU - Aracena-Farias J AD - Laboratory of Advanced Research in Personalized Medicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile. FAU - Torres, Esperanza AU - Torres E AD - Laboratory of Advanced Research in Personalized Medicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile. FAU - Acuna, Ivan AU - Acuna I AD - Laboratory of Advanced Research in Personalized Medicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile. FAU - Sandoval, Tamara AU - Sandoval T AD - Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile. FAU - Silva, Pamela AU - Silva P AD - Hospital de Ninos Roberto del Rio, Santiago, Chile. FAU - Ormeno, Maricruz AU - Ormeno M AD - Hospital Luis Calvo Mackenna, Santiago, Chile. FAU - Oyarce, Veronica AU - Oyarce V AD - Hospital Exequiel Gonzalez Cortes, Santiago, Chile. AD - Centro de Investigacion Clinica Avanzada (CICA) Hospital Exequiel Gonzalez Cortes - Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile. FAU - Cerpa, Leslie C AU - Cerpa LC AD - Laboratory of Advanced Research in Personalized Medicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile. AD - Laboratory of Chemical Carcinogenesis and Pharmacogenetics (CQF), Department of Basic and Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile. AD - Center for Cancer Prevention and Control (CECAN), Santiago, Chile. AD - Latin American Network for Implementation and Validation of Clinical Pharmacogenomics Guidelines (RELIVAF-CYTED), Santiago, Chile. FAU - Martinez, Matias F AU - Martinez MF AD - Laboratory of Advanced Research in Personalized Medicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile. AD - Centro de Investigacion Clinica Avanzada (CICA) Hospital Exequiel Gonzalez Cortes - Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile. AD - Latin American Network for Implementation and Validation of Clinical Pharmacogenomics Guidelines (RELIVAF-CYTED), Santiago, Chile. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260616 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Pharmacol JT - Frontiers in pharmacology JID - 101548923 PMC - PMC13314868 OTO - NOTNLM OT - acute lymphoblastic leukemia OT - adverse drug reaction OT - pediatric oncohematology OT - pharmacogenomics OT - polygenic risk score (PGRS) OT - precision medicine COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/01 10:11 MHDA- 2026/07/01 10:12 PMCR- 2026/06/16 CRDT- 2026/07/01 05:09 PHST- 2026/03/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/01 10:12 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/01 10:11 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/01 05:09 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 1830183 [pii] AID - 10.3389/fphar.2026.1830183 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Pharmacol. 2026 Jun 16;17:1830183. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2026.1830183. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42382020 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260701 LR - 20260813 IS - 0915-5287 (Print) IS - 2187-5626 (Electronic) IS - 0915-5287 (Linking) VI - 38 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Design and development of a universal OMNI exertion faces scale. PG - 324-329 LID - 10.1589/jpts.38.324 [doi] AB - [Purpose] To design and develop a new OMNI Exertion Faces Scale (OMNI Faces) that uses universal design criteria to improve acceptability for measuring perceived exertion across age groups, physical activities, and clinical populations. [Methods] The OMNI Faces Scale was developed in collaboration with the original OMNI creator and refined through consultations with educators, speech-language pathologists, clinicians, and feedback from children and adults. Design considerations included universal accessibility, simplified instructions, and alignment with the Heart Rate Reserve method. [Design Features] The OMNI Faces Scale includes five verbal descriptors and five pictorial images to reduce inconsistencies with language, activity-specific visuals, and anchoring among prior versions. The OMNI Faces Scale is non-gendered, non-activity-specific, and has accessible fonts. Instructions were simplified to 71 words relevant for assessing perceived exertion during both aerobic and resistance activities. [Conclusions] The OMNI Faces Scale was designed to provide a versatile and inclusive tool for monitoring exertion in children and adults across a broad range of physical activity applications. Future research will validate its psychometric properties across populations and activity types and explore multilingual adaptations. CI - 2026(c)by the Society of Physical Therapy Science. Published by IPEC Inc. FAU - Schlessman, Amy AU - Schlessman A AD - Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, School of Medicine, Tufts University: 145 Harrison Avenue Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Wickstrom, Rick AU - Wickstrom R AD - Workability Systems, Inc., USA. FAU - Petrosino, Chris AU - Petrosino C AD - Sacred Heart University, USA. FAU - Robertson, Robert AU - Robertson R AD - University of Pittsburgh, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260701 PL - Japan TA - J Phys Ther Sci JT - Journal of physical therapy science JID - 9105359 PMC - PMC13318445 OTO - NOTNLM OT - OMNI Faces Scale OT - Perceived exertion OT - Physical activity COIS- Authors Rick Wickstrom (second author), Amy Schlessman (first author), and Robert Robertson (fourth author) developed the OMNI Exertion Faces Scale. Christopher Petrosino (third author) declares no conflict of interest. This universal design project to develop the OMNI Faces Exertion Scale was Dr. Robertson's last research contribution as a Professor Emeritus at the University of Pittsburgh before he passed away peacefully on November 14, 2025, at age 82. His patience, clarity, and encouragement shaped countless careers of students and colleagues and reflected his lifelong passion for exercise science across the lifespan. EDAT- 2026/07/01 06:34 MHDA- 2026/07/01 06:35 PMCR- 2026/07/01 CRDT- 2026/07/01 05:07 PHST- 2026/01/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/01 06:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/01 06:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/01 05:07 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2025-152 [pii] AID - 10.1589/jpts.38.324 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Phys Ther Sci. 2026 Jul;38(7):324-329. doi: 10.1589/jpts.38.324. Epub 2026 Jul 1. PMID- 42381602 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260701 LR - 20260828 IS - 1740-8709 (Electronic) IS - 1740-8695 (Print) IS - 1740-8695 (Linking) VI - 22 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Jul TI - The Expanded Biopsychosocial Model Elucidates the Association Between Pre-Pregnancy Overweight/Obesity and Delayed Lactogenesis II: A Prospective Cohort Study. PG - e70225 LID - 10.1111/mcn.70225 [doi] LID - e70225 AB - Pre-pregnancy overweight or obesity delays the onset of lactogenesis II, posing an early barrier to achieving optimal infant nutrition and long-term health. However, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms remain incompletely elucidated. This prospective cohort study conducted in China aimed to delineate the distinct pathways through which pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity, compared to normal body mass index (BMI), leads to delayed lactogenesis II. Guided by an expanded biopsychosocial framework, we enrolled and stratified 296 primiparous women into pre-pregnancy overweight/obese (n = 146) and normal BMI (n = 150) groups. Data on biological, psychological, social, and infant-related factors were collected prospectively at prenatal, delivery, and one-week postpartum stages. Structural equation modeling was used to identify and compare the mediating pathways between the two groups. Results demonstrated that the association between pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity and delayed lactogenesis II was primarily mediated through four distinct pathways: biological (e.g., breastfeeding difficulties: beta = 0.203, 95% CI: 0.144-0.265, p < 0.001), psychological (e.g., internalized weight stigma: beta = 0.095, 95% CI: 0.016-0.181, p = 0.026), social (e.g., reduced pro-breastfeeding practices: beta = 0.076, 95% CI: 0.017-0.144, p = 0.019), and infant-related (e.g., higher formula intake: beta = 0.114, 95% CI: 0.047-0.195, p = 0.003). This study validates the expanded biopsychosocial model by elucidating the distinct pathways through which pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity contributes to delayed lactogenesis II. These findings underscore the necessity for clinical practice to move beyond a purely biological focus and advocate for a paradigm shift in clinical support towards integrated, multi-faceted interventions tailored to this vulnerable population. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (registry number: ChiCTR2200057038). The trial was registered on February 26, 2022. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Maternal & Child Nutrition published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Ren, Ziqi AU - Ren Z AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5285-5794 AD - School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangning District, China. FAU - Zhang, Aixia AU - Zhang A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1266-0925 AD - Department of Nursing, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Women and Children's Healthcare Hospital), Nanjing, Qinhuai District, China. FAU - Zhang, Jingjing AU - Zhang J AD - Department of Nursing, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Women and Children's Healthcare Hospital), Nanjing, Qinhuai District, China. FAU - Fan, Xuemei AU - Fan X AD - Department of Nursing, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Women and Children's Healthcare Hospital), Nanjing, Qinhuai District, China. FAU - Tang, Huiting AU - Tang H AD - School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangning District, China. LA - eng GR - 72204123/National Natural Science Foundation of China Youth Program/ GR - FNF202102/Nursing Scientific Research at Fudan University/ GR - Jiangsu Education Departmentleft broken bracket2023right broken bracketNo.11/Project of "Nursing Science" Funded by the 4th Priority Discipline Development Program of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions/ PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Matern Child Nutr JT - Maternal & child nutrition JID - 101201025 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Prospective Studies MH - Pregnancy MH - Adult MH - *Overweight/physiopathology MH - *Lactation/physiology/psychology MH - Breast Feeding/psychology/statistics & numerical data MH - *Obesity/physiopathology MH - China/epidemiology MH - Body Mass Index MH - *Pregnancy Complications MH - Infant, Newborn PMC - PMC13320373 OTO - NOTNLM OT - biopsychosocial model OT - breastfeeding OT - lactogenesis II OT - maternity care OT - mechanisms OT - mediating pathways OT - pre-pregnancy obesity COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/01 06:33 MHDA- 2026/07/01 16:11 PMCR- 2026/07/01 CRDT- 2026/07/01 04:53 PHST- 2026/04/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/12/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/01 16:11 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/01 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/01 04:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - MCN70225 [pii] AID - 10.1111/mcn.70225 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Matern Child Nutr. 2026 Jul;22(3):e70225. doi: 10.1111/mcn.70225. PMID- 42381294 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260701 LR - 20260813 IS - 1308-8734 (Print) IS - 1308-8742 (Electronic) IS - 1308-8734 (Linking) VI - 58 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Jun 15 TI - Peripheral Nitrosative Stress in Pediatric Anxiety Disorders: Elevated Serum Nitric Oxide Levels. PG - 1-6 LID - 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2026.251235 [doi] LID - e251235 AB - BACKGROUND: The developing pediatric brain is vulnerable to nitrosative stress. This study investigated serum nitric oxide (NO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and S-nitrosothiols (SNOs) as peripheral biomarkers in children with anxiety disorders (ADs) and their associations with symptom severity. METHODS: Eighty-one participants aged 7-17 years were enrolled, including 40 drug-naive participants with ADs and 41 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs). Diagnoses were established using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version, DSM-5- Turkish version (K-SADS-PL-DSM-5-T). Symptom severity was assessed using the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED) and the Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) Scale. Data were analyzed using between-group comparisons, correlation analyses, covariance analyses (MANCOVA/ ANCOVA), controlling for age, sex, and body mass index (BMI), and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. RESULTS: Serum NO levels were significantly higher in the AD group compared with HCs (P = .028), whereas iNOS and SNO levels did not differ (P > .05). In adjusted analyses controlling for age, sex, and BMI, NO remained significantly higher, and iNOS and SNO levels were also significantly higher in the AD group. No marker (NO, iNOS, SNOs) correlated significantly with anxiety severity (all P > .05). Receiver operating characteristic analysis indicated modest diagnostic accuracy for NO (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.629, 95% CI: 0.506-0.752, P = .046), while iNOS and SNOs were not significant. CONCLUSION: Elevated NO, alongside adjusted increases in iNOS and SNO, supports altered peripheral nitrosative signaling in pediatric ADs. Nitric oxide showed modest discriminative value. Cite this article as: Okuyucu M, Ceylan MF, Hesapcioglu ST, Kafali S, Neselioglu S, Erel O. Peripheral nitrosative stress in pediatric anxiety disorders: elevated serum nitric oxide levels. Eurasian J Med. 2026, 58(4), 1235, doi:10.5152/eurasianjmed.2026.251235. FAU - Okuyucu, Merve AU - Okuyucu M AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascioglu City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Ceylan, Mehmet Fatih AU - Ceylan MF AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkiye. FAU - Hesapcioglu, Selma Tural AU - Hesapcioglu ST AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkiye. FAU - Kafali, Seda AU - Kafali S AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kirikkale Yuksek Ihtisas Hospital, Kirikkale, Turkiye. FAU - Neselioglu, Salim AU - Neselioglu S AD - Department of Biochemistry, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkiye. FAU - Erel, Ozcan AU - Erel O AD - Department of Biochemistry, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260615 PL - Turkey TA - Eurasian J Med JT - The Eurasian journal of medicine JID - 101557701 PMC - PMC13324883 COIS- Declaration of Interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. EDAT- 2026/07/01 10:11 MHDA- 2026/07/01 10:12 PMCR- 2026/06/15 CRDT- 2026/07/01 01:42 PHST- 2026/06/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/01 10:12 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/01 10:11 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/01 01:42 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - eajm-58-4-251235 [pii] AID - 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2026.251235 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Eurasian J Med. 2026 Jun 15;58(4):1-6. doi: 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2026.251235. PMID- 42380924 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260923 LR - 20260925 IS - 1471-2431 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2431 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 30 TI - Low serum vitamin D levels are associated with neonatal indirect hyperbilirubinemia and prolonged phototherapy duration: a retrospective case-control study. LID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07234-2 [doi] LID - 896 AB - OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels, indirect hyperbilirubinemia severity, and phototherapy duration in term neonates. METHODS: This retrospective case-control study included 79 term neonates admitted to a tertiary neonatal intensive care unit between March 2023 and March 2024. Thirty-nine neonates requiring phototherapy for indirect hyperbilirubinemia (case group) were compared with 40 healthy term neonates (control group). Clinical and biochemical parameters, including bilirubin, 25(OH)D, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and alkaline phosphatase levels, were evaluated. Correlation, receiver operating characteristic [ROC], and multivariable regression analyses were performed to assess the association between vitamin D status and phototherapy duration in indirect hyperbilirubinemia. RESULTS: Serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly lower in neonates requiring phototherapy, with 75% demonstrating vitamin D deficiency (< 20 ng/mL). Lower vitamin D levels were associated with prolonged phototherapy duration (r = - 0.337, p = 0.036). Although no significant linear correlation was observed between serum 25(OH)D concentration and baseline bilirubin levels, neonates with vitamin D concentrations < 20 ng/mL exhibited significantly higher bilirubin levels than those with concentrations >/= 20 ng/mL. ROC analysis demonstrated moderate predictive performance for prolonged phototherapy duration (AUC = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.67-0.88). The optimal cutoff value was 17.2 ng/mL, yielding a sensitivity of 84% and specificity of 69%. Multivariable regression analysis identified serum vitamin D level and baseline bilirubin concentration as significant predictors of phototherapy duration. CONCLUSION: Lower serum 25(OH)D concentrations were associated with indirect hyperbilirubinemia and prolonged phototherapy duration in term neonates. Larger prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings and clarify their clinical significance. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Demir, Batuhan Berk AU - Demir BB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0349-5112 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Kutahya City Hospital/Kutahya Health Sciences University, Kutahya, Turkiye. mdbatuhanberkdemir@gmail.com. FAU - Hazer, Ilhan AU - Hazer I AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Kutahya City Hospital/Kutahya Health Sciences University, Kutahya, Turkiye. FAU - Turkeli, Ahmet AU - Turkeli A AD - Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Kutahya City Hospital/Kutahya Health Sciences University, Kutahya, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260630 PL - England TA - BMC Pediatr JT - BMC pediatrics JID - 100967804 RN - 1406-16-2 (Vitamin D) RN - A288AR3C9H (25-hydroxyvitamin D) RN - RFM9X3LJ49 (Bilirubin) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Phototherapy MH - Case-Control Studies MH - *Vitamin D/blood/analogs & derivatives MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Male MH - *Hyperbilirubinemia, Neonatal/therapy/blood/complications MH - Female MH - *Vitamin D Deficiency/complications/blood MH - ROC Curve MH - Bilirubin/blood MH - Biomarkers/blood PMC - PMC13599256 COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This retrospective case-control study was approved by the Kutahya Health Sciences University Non-Interventional Clinical Research Ethics Committee (Decision No: 2024/11-35; Date: 30 September 2024). The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. As the study was retrospective and based on archived hospital records, informed consent was waived by the ethics committee. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/01 06:35 MHDA- 2026/09/23 05:35 PMCR- 2026/06/30 CRDT- 2026/07/01 00:41 PHST- 2026/05/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/23 05:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/01 06:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:41 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07234-2 [pii] AID - 7234 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07234-2 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pediatr. 2026 Jun 30;26(1):896. doi: 10.1186/s12887-026-07234-2. PMID- 42380910 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260918 LR - 20260920 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 30 TI - Predicting abnormal birth weight and identifying associated factors using machine learning in the Hararghe Health and Demographic Surveillance System, Ethiopia. LID - 10.1186/s12889-026-28135-0 [doi] LID - 2622 AB - BACKGROUND: Birth weight is a reliable indicator of intrauterine growth and an important predictor of neonatal survival, growth, and long-term development. Globally, approximately 15.5% of live births are low birth weight, and nearly 10% are macrosomic (high birth weight), with a substantial proportion of these cases occurring in sub-Saharan Africa. Birth weights outside the normal range of 2,500-4,000 g are considered abnormal and are associated with increased risks of neonatal and maternal complications. Ethiopia is similarly affected by the growing burden of abnormal birth weight. METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional study design using secondary HDSS data collected from 2015 to 2022 was employed. This design was considered appropriate because the study aimed to develop machine learning models using routinely collected surveillance data to predict abnormal birth weight and identify associated factors, rather than to establish causal relationships. All singleton births were included, and those with missing birth weight data were excluded. Six machine learning algorithms identified from the literature were built and compared to identify the best-performing model for predicting abnormal birth weight. Prior observational studies and expert opinion were used to select the candidate features for all models. The synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) was used to manage the imbalance in the dataset. The dataset was split into training (80%, n = 9,242) and testing (20%, n = 2,311) subsets for model development and evaluation. Hyper-parametric tuning was performed using grid search combined with 10-fold cross-validation to optimize model performance and reduce over-fitting. Model performance was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), accuracy, precision, F1-score, and Kappa. Feature importance analysis was done using Shapley Additive explanation (SHAP) values. RESULTS: The Descriptive analysis of 11,553 singleton births showed that 10.78% of the newborns had high birth weight (HBW) and 9.28% had low birth weight (LBW). The eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model performed best by achieving an AUC of 0.835, an accuracy of 0.72, a precision of 0.67, an F1-score of 0.63, a recall of 0.54, and a kappa of 0.52 for abnormal birth weight prediction. The feature importance analysis showed that the top predictors for the low birth weight (LBW) include maternal educational status, age at first delivery, and antenatal care (ANC) visit, while high birth weight (HBW) was strongly predicted by antenatal care (ANC) visit, maternal literacy status, age at first delivery, and maternal education. CONCLUSION: Machine learning models showed moderate performance in predicting abnormal birth weight using HDSS surveillance data. Maternal educational characteristics, age at first delivery, and ANC utilization were identified as important predictive features. However, the findings should be interpreted cautiously because the model identified predictive associations rather than causal relationships. Further studies incorporating additional maternal clinical and nutritional variables, as well as external validation datasets, are recommended to improve predictive performance and generalizability. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Abdeta, Sington AU - Abdeta S AD - College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia. singtonabdeta128@gmail.com. FAU - Diop, Ousmane AU - Diop O AD - The Institute for Health Research, Epidemiological Surveillance and Training (IRESSEF), Dakar, Senegal. FAU - Cygu, Steve AU - Cygu S AD - African Population and Health Research Center (APHRC), Nairobi, Kenya. FAU - Drame, Aboubacry AU - Drame A AD - Ministry of Health, Dakar, Senegal. FAU - Momanyi, Reinpeter AU - Momanyi R AD - African Population and Health Research Center (APHRC), Nairobi, Kenya. FAU - Endalamaw Dejene, Belayneh AU - Endalamaw Dejene B AD - University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. AD - Armauer Hansen Research Institute (AHRI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Tadele, Mulugeta AU - Tadele M AD - Armauer Hansen Research Institute (AHRI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Sintayehu, Yordanos AU - Sintayehu Y AD - Armauer Hansen Research Institute (AHRI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Barasa, Miranda AU - Barasa M AD - African Population and Health Research Center (APHRC), Nairobi, Kenya. FAU - Woldie, Mirkuzie AU - Woldie M AD - Fenot Associates, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Girma, Tsinuel AU - Girma T AD - Fenot Associates, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Tsegaye, Rosa AU - Tsegaye R AD - Armauer Hansen Research Institute (AHRI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Kiragga, Agnes AU - Kiragga A AD - African Population and Health Research Center (APHRC), Nairobi, Kenya. FAU - Adnew, Bethlehem AU - Adnew B AD - Armauer Hansen Research Institute (AHRI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Howe, Rawleigh AU - Howe R AD - Armauer Hansen Research Institute (AHRI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Dheresa, Merga AU - Dheresa M AD - College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia. FAU - Abdisa, Alemseged AU - Abdisa A AD - Armauer Hansen Research Institute (AHRI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260630 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Ethiopia/epidemiology MH - Female MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Predictive Learning Models MH - *Machine Learning MH - *Birth Weight MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Prediction Algorithms MH - Adult MH - Risk Factors MH - Male MH - Classification Algorithms MH - *Population Surveillance MH - Pregnancy PMC - PMC13587436 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Abnormal birth weight OT - Associated factors OT - Ethiopia OT - Hararghe HDSS OT - Machine learning OT - Prediction COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The Hararghe Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) received ethical approval from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Haramaya University. During the original data collection, written informed consent was obtained from all participants aged 18 years and above, as well as from the legal guardians of participants under 18 years. Verbal assent was additionally obtained from children under 18 years. All procedures were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and other relevant guidelines. The Hararghe HDSS coordinator granted permission to access and use the HDSS data for research purposes. To maintain confidentiality, all data were de-identified before analysis, with personal identifiers such as names and child ID removed. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/01 06:33 MHDA- 2026/09/18 05:36 PMCR- 2026/06/30 CRDT- 2026/07/01 00:40 PHST- 2026/03/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/18 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/01 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:40 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-28135-0 [pii] AID - 28135 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-28135-0 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2026 Jun 30;26(1):2622. doi: 10.1186/s12889-026-28135-0. PMID- 42380694 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260807 LR - 20260831 IS - 1463-1326 (Electronic) IS - 1462-8902 (Print) IS - 1462-8902 (Linking) VI - 28 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Pubertal Stage-Based One-hour Postload Glucose Thresholds Improve Identification of Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes in Children With Overweight or Obesity. PG - 8469-8481 LID - 10.1111/dom.70969 [doi] AB - AIMS: One-hour postload plasma glucose (1h-PG) is an early marker of dysglycemia in adults, but its utility in children and adolescents is uncertain because insulin sensitivity changes during growth and puberty. We aimed to establish age- and pubertal stage-specific 1h-PG thresholds for identifying prediabetes and Type 2 diabetes (T2D) in children with overweight or obesity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 4344 children and adolescents with overweight or obesity underwent an oral glucose tolerance test. Participants were classified into four groups: normal glucose tolerance (NGT) with normal 1 h-PG, NGT with elevated 1 h-PG, prediabetes and T2D. Insulin resistance and beta-cell function indices were assessed. Participants were stratified by chronological age and pubertal stage. The optimal 1h-PG cut-offs were obtained via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and age- and pubertal stage-based thresholds were compared for diagnostic performance. These thresholds were then validated in two independent cohorts. RESULTS: Among individuals with NGT, those with elevated 1h-PG exhibited greater insulin resistance, impaired beta-cell function and a higher insulin area under the curve (29 916 vs. 23 524, p < 0.001). 1 h-PG levels increased with pubertal progression. Pubertal stage-specific thresholds showed superior discrimination compared with age-based stratification and adult cut-offs. Compared with adult thresholds (8.6 mmol/L for prediabetes and 11.6 mmol/L for T2D), a prepubertal cut-off of 7.78 mmol/L improved sensitivity for prediabetes (75.40% vs. 56.68%) and a pubertal cut-off of 10.48 mmol/L improved sensitivity for T2D (89.47% vs. 73.68%). CONCLUSIONS: Elevated 1h-PG proved to be a practical marker for identifying early metabolic dysfunction in children and adolescents with euglycemia. Given that widely used adult-derived cut-offs (8.6 and 11.6 mmol/L) are suboptimal for pediatric populations, we established pubertal stage-specific thresholds that outperformed both age-specific and adult-derived cut-offs. These stage-specific thresholds may serve as an effective screening tool for diabetes risk in children and adolescents with overweight or obesity. CI - (c) 2026 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Wu, Zhaoyuan AU - Wu Z AD - Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Children and Adolescents' Health and Diseases, Hangzhou, China. FAU - Li, Yangxi AU - Li Y AD - Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Children and Adolescents' Health and Diseases, Hangzhou, China. FAU - Qin, Zhewen AU - Qin Z AD - Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Children and Adolescents' Health and Diseases, Hangzhou, China. FAU - Liu, Yaru AU - Liu Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9758-5951 AD - Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Children and Adolescents' Health and Diseases, Hangzhou, China. FAU - Le, Kaixing AU - Le K AD - Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Children and Adolescents' Health and Diseases, Hangzhou, China. FAU - Zhou, Xuelian AU - Zhou X AD - Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Children and Adolescents' Health and Diseases, Hangzhou, China. FAU - Sun, Yan AU - Sun Y AD - Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China. FAU - Huang, Ke AU - Huang K AD - Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Children and Adolescents' Health and Diseases, Hangzhou, China. FAU - Wu, Wei AU - Wu W AD - Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Children and Adolescents' Health and Diseases, Hangzhou, China. FAU - Dong, Guanping AU - Dong G AD - Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Children and Adolescents' Health and Diseases, Hangzhou, China. FAU - Fu, Junfen AU - Fu J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6405-1251 AD - Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Children and Adolescents' Health and Diseases, Hangzhou, China. LA - eng GR - 2023ZD0508200/Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases-National Science and Technology Major Project/ GR - 2023ZD0508204/Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases-National Science and Technology Major Project/ GR - Zhejiang Province Multidisciplinary Innovative Team for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Diabetes with Traditional Chinese Medicine/ GR - YXH2024YS028/2024 Shandong Medical Association Scientific Research Project/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260630 PL - England TA - Diabetes Obes Metab JT - Diabetes, obesity & metabolism JID - 100883645 RN - 0 (Blood Glucose) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/diagnosis/blood/complications MH - *Prediabetic State/diagnosis/blood/complications MH - Male MH - Child MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Glucose Tolerance Test MH - *Puberty/blood MH - *Blood Glucose/metabolism/analysis MH - Insulin Resistance MH - *Pediatric Obesity/complications/blood MH - *Overweight/complications/blood MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - Insulin-Secreting Cells PMC - PMC13448984 OTO - NOTNLM OT - 1-h postprandial plasma glucose OT - Type 2 diabetes OT - children OT - insulin resistance OT - beta cell function COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/01 10:11 MHDA- 2026/08/07 12:39 PMCR- 2026/08/07 CRDT- 2026/07/01 00:27 PHST- 2026/05/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/07 12:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/01 10:11 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:27 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - DOM70969 [pii] AID - 10.1111/dom.70969 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Diabetes Obes Metab. 2026 Sep;28(9):8469-8481. doi: 10.1111/dom.70969. Epub 2026 Jun 30. PMID- 42379976 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260630 IS - 1878-1861 (Electronic) IS - 1878-1861 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jun 22 TI - How to estimate physical activity prevalence in children and adolescents? LID - S1440-2440(26)00240-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jsams.2026.06.009 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: This study examined whether children and adolescents meet the guideline of 60 min of daily moderate-to-vigorous physical activity by analyzing the proportion of active days on school and non-school days. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. METHODS: Data from three Finnish school-aged physical activity studies (n = 3,221; ages 7-15 years) were analyzed. Participants wore hip accelerometers for seven consecutive days and completed questionnaires. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was derived from accelerometer data using mean amplitude deviation in 6-second epochs, further processed with 1-10-minute exponential moving averages. A day met guidelines if it included at least 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, based on data from the accelerometer, questionnaire or both. RESULTS: Overall, the mean number of days meeting the recommendation was 5.3 (standard deviation 2.1) days per week according to the questionnaire, and 6.3 (1.2) days with 6-second epochs, 5.3 (1.8) days with the 1-minute exponential moving average, and 4.2 (2.1) days with the 10-minute exponential moving average according to the accelerometer. From 1st to 9th grades, boys' proportion of active days decreased from 96% to 64% on school days and from 92% to 40% on non-school days using the 1-minute exponential moving average. Similarly, girls' proportion of active days dropped from 95% to 53% on school days and from 81% to 30% on non-school days. CONCLUSIONS: The proportion of active days approach captures day-to-day variation in physical activity. The closest agreement between questionnaire and accelerometer estimates was observed when using a 1-minute exponential moving average. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Sports Medicine Australia. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Vaha-Ypya, Henri AU - Vaha-Ypya H AD - The UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Finland. Electronic address: henri.vaha-ypya@ukkinstituutti.fi. FAU - Husu, Pauliina AU - Husu P AD - The UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Finland. FAU - Tokola, Kari AU - Tokola K AD - The UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Finland. FAU - Sievanen, Harri AU - Sievanen H AD - The UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Finland. FAU - Kokko, Sami AU - Kokko S AD - Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Research Centre for Health Promotion, University of Jyvaskyla, Finland. FAU - Vasankari, Tommi AU - Vasankari T AD - The UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Finland; Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Finland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260622 PL - Australia TA - J Sci Med Sport JT - Journal of science and medicine in sport JID - 9812598 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Accelerometer OT - Children and adolescents OT - Epoch length OT - Physical activity guidelines OT - Questionnaire COIS- Declaration of interest statement The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/01 00:34 MHDA- 2026/07/01 00:34 CRDT- 2026/06/30 21:58 PHST- 2025/11/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/30 21:58 [entrez] AID - S1440-2440(26)00240-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jsams.2026.06.009 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - J Sci Med Sport. 2026 Jun 22:S1440-2440(26)00240-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2026.06.009. PMID- 42379839 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260701 LR - 20260630 IS - 1476-4954 (Electronic) IS - 1476-4954 (Linking) VI - 39 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Dec TI - Accuracy of ultrasound-derived estimated fetal weight in a cohort of periviable births. PG - 2694131 LID - 10.1080/14767058.2026.2694131 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: As neonatal resuscitation is offered at increasing extremes of prematurity, ultrasound-derived estimated fetal weight (EFW) is a crucial data point in patient counseling. We aimed to evaluate the accuracy of EFW compared to birthweight (BW) among periviable neonates, and identify factors associated with accuracy. METHODS: Medical records were abstracted for all neonates born between 22 weeks 0/7 days and 24 weeks 6/7 days at a single tertiary center between January 2013 and May 2024. Liveborn, non-anomalous neonates with an ultrasound-derived EFW within 7 days of delivery were included. The primary outcome was absolute percent difference between Hadlock 3 EFW and BW ("accuracy"), with BW as the primary predictor. Multivariable linear mixed effects regression was performed including maternal BMI and variables associated with accuracy in univariate analyses at p < 0.1. RESULTS: 141 neonates from 129 pregnancies were included. Median gestational age at delivery was 23 4/7 weeks, median BW was 560 g [IQR 480, 640], and median time from EFW to delivery was 2 days [IQR 1-3 days]. Over half (55%) of pregnant individuals had BMI >30. Median accuracy was 7.1% [IQR 2.9%, 12.2%]. EFW was within 10%, 15% and 20% of BW in 65.3%, 82.3% and 92.2% of cases, respectively. In univariate analyses, decreasing BW was associated with reduced accuracy (beta = -0.012 [-0.02, -0.0002], p = 0.04), and multiple gestations were associated with increased accuracy (median accuracy 3.1% among fetuses with a twin versus 7.9% among singletons; p = 0.002). Maternal BMI was not associated with accuracy (p = 0.08). In multivariable analyses accounting for multiple gestations, BW remained inversely associated with accuracy (beta = -0.014 [-0.027, -0.001], p = 0.03). Oligohydramnios was also associated with reduced accuracy (beta = 3.47 [1.03, 5.91], p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Hadlock ultrasound-derived EFW is an overall reasonable predictor of BW among periviable deliveries, but demonstrated reduced accuracy among extremely low birthweight neonates and in the setting of oligohydramnios. FAU - Judge-Golden, Colleen AU - Judge-Golden C AD - Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA. AD - Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA. FAU - Kuehn, Sally AU - Kuehn S AD - Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA. FAU - Ellestad, Sarah AU - Ellestad S AD - Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA. FAU - Dotters-Katz, Sarah AU - Dotters-Katz S AD - Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA. FAU - Craig, Amanda M AU - Craig AM AD - Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260630 PL - England TA - J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med JT - The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians JID - 101136916 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *Ultrasonography, Prenatal/standards MH - *Fetal Weight MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Birth Weight MH - Gestational Age MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Adult MH - *Fetal Viability OTO - NOTNLM OT - EFW OT - Estimated fetal weight OT - hadlock OT - periviability OT - ultrasound EDAT- 2026/07/01 00:34 MHDA- 2026/07/01 18:33 CRDT- 2026/06/30 21:33 PHST- 2026/07/01 18:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/30 21:33 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/14767058.2026.2694131 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2026 Dec;39(1):2694131. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2026.2694131. Epub 2026 Jun 30. PMID- 42379716 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260701 LR - 20260813 IS - 2044-6055 (Electronic) IS - 2044-6055 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun 30 TI - Development and internal validation of a neonatal mortality risk prediction model for low birthweight neonates in public hospitals, North-West Ethiopia: a prospective follow-up study. PG - e120111 LID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2026-120111 [doi] LID - e120111 AB - OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to develop and internally validate a neonatal mortality risk prediction model for low birthweight (LBW) neonates in public hospitals of North-West Ethiopia. DESIGN: An institution-based prospective follow-up study. SETTING: The study was conducted in seven hospitals, comprising three general hospitals and four primary hospitals, between 14 February and 31 October 2025. The general hospitals, Injibara, Finote Selam and Pawi, provide level II neonatal intensive care services, whereas the primary hospitals, Dangila, Chagni, Jawi and Gimja Bet, provide level I newborn care services. These hospitals are situated in the Awi, West Gojjam and Metekel zones of the Amhara and Benishangul Gumuz regions in north-western Ethiopia. PARTICIPANTS: 955 LBW neonates were enrolled in the study. Neonates born outside health facilities were excluded if their birth weight was unknown, particularly those delivered by traditional birth attendants, as were neonates whose first recorded weight was obtained more than 24 hours after birth. Participants were selected using consecutive sampling and data were collected electronically using the KoboCollect mobile application. OUTCOME MEASURES: Data were analysed using R software V.4.4.3. Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator regression and multivariable logistic regression were used to identify predictors and develop a simplified risk score and nomogram. Model performance was evaluated in terms of discrimination and calibration, while internal validation was performed using bootstrapping. The clinical utility of the model was assessed using decision curve analysis (DCA). RESULTS: The final model included nine predictors: sepsis, perinatal asphyxia, respiratory distress syndrome, absence of exclusive breastfeeding, absence of Kangaroo Mother Care, gestational ages of 28 weeks to <32 weeks and 32 weeks to <37 weeks, and birth weights of <1000 g and 1000-1499 g. The original model demonstrated good discrimination, with an area under the curve of 84.2% (95% CI 81.5% to 86.9%). After internal validation, the simplified risk score and nomogram achieved areas under the curve of 83.85% and 83.5%, respectively. The model showed excellent calibration before and after validation. DCA indicated that the model provides meaningful clinical benefit. CONCLUSIONS: The nomogram and simplified risk score demonstrated excellent calibration and good discriminatory performance. Their application in clinical settings may improve early intervention and potentially reduce neonatal mortality in Ethiopia by enabling rapid, individualised mortality-risk prediction among LBW neonates. However, external validation in different settings is required. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ Group. FAU - Eshetu, Daniel Mulat AU - Eshetu DM AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-1201-904X AD - Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia danielmulat81@gmail.com. FAU - Kassa, Assefa Andargie AU - Kassa AA AD - Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia. FAU - Ayele, Wolde Melese AU - Ayele WM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4830-3599 AD - Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia. FAU - Kassahun, Mulatu AU - Kassahun M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-2973-8142 AD - Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia. FAU - Zeleke, Shashitu Tadele AU - Zeleke ST AD - Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia. FAU - Anagaw, Betelhem Mekuriaw AU - Anagaw BM AD - Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia. FAU - Molla, Mikias Getahun AU - Molla MG AD - Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia. FAU - Sharew, Kalaab Esubalew AU - Sharew KE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5524-7754 AD - Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia. FAU - Abeje, Birhanu Kassie AU - Abeje BK AD - Biomedical Sciences Education and Service Directorate, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia. FAU - Ayalew, Chalachew Abiyu AU - Ayalew CA AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-2376-8983 AD - Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260630 PL - England TA - BMJ Open JT - BMJ open JID - 101552874 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Ethiopia/epidemiology MH - Infant, Newborn MH - *Infant, Low Birth Weight MH - Hospitals, Public MH - *Infant Mortality MH - Prospective Studies MH - Female MH - Risk Assessment/methods MH - Male MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Infant MH - Risk Factors MH - Prediction Algorithms MH - Birth Weight MH - Logistic Models MH - ROC Curve PMC - PMC13331094 OTO - NOTNLM OT - EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES OT - Ethiopia OT - Mortality OT - NEONATOLOGY COIS- Competing interests: None declared. EDAT- 2026/07/01 00:35 MHDA- 2026/07/01 18:34 PMCR- 2026/06/30 CRDT- 2026/06/30 21:03 PHST- 2026/07/01 18:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/30 21:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjopen-2026-120111 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2026-120111 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Open. 2026 Jun 30;16(6):e120111. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2026-120111. PMID- 42379099 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261021 LR - 20261021 IS - 1879-1271 (Electronic) IS - 0268-0033 (Linking) VI - 138 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Exploring real-world lumbar posture behaviour. A whole day comparison of individuals with low back pain and healthy controls. PG - 106908 LID - S0268-0033(26)00163-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2026.106908 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Previous research of lumbar posture on individuals with low back pain (LBP) has produced conflicting findings compared to control groups. This research has been limited by environmental or task constraints. Real-world postural behaviour across an entire day remains poorly understood. This study examined whole-day lumbar posture characteristics in people with and without LBP using wearable sensors. METHODS: 13 people with LBP and 11 healthy controls volunteered for this study. A three-accelerometer setup was used to measure real-world lumbar posture classifying sitting and standing. Data were normalised to individual maximum ranges. Differences in measures of mean posture, variability, fidgeting, and posture-use frequency distributions, were derived. FINDINGS: An average of 350 min of data per person was available for analysis. Overall, between group differences were small. LBP demonstrated more flexed posture use in standing and a more flexed sitting frequency distribution. INTERPRETATION: Real-world posture behaviour was similar between individuals with and without LBP. Where differences were determined they related to temporal components such as frequencies which are masked with traditional postural estimates. These findings suggest that posture-pain relationships may vary substantially between individuals, emphasising the need for person-specific analysis in future research. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - McClintock, Frederick A AU - McClintock FA AD - Department of Rehabilitation and Sport Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, UK. Electronic address: fmcclintock@bournemouth.ac.uk. FAU - Callaway, Andrew J AU - Callaway AJ AD - Department of Rehabilitation and Sport Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, UK. FAU - Clark, Carol J AU - Clark CJ AD - Department of Rehabilitation and Sport Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, UK. FAU - Munoz-Gomez, Elena AU - Munoz-Gomez E AD - Research Unit in Clinical Biomechanics (UBIC), Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, 46010, Valencia, Spain. FAU - Alqhtani, Raee S AU - Alqhtani RS AD - College of Applied Medical Science, Najran University, Najran, P.O. Box 1988, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Williams, Jonathan M AU - Williams JM AD - Department of Rehabilitation and Sport Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, UK. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260629 PL - England TA - Clin Biomech (Bristol) JT - Clinical biomechanics (Bristol, Avon) JID - 8611877 SB - IM MH - *Posture/physiology MH - *Low Back Pain/physiopathology MH - *Lumbar Vertebrae/physiopathology MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Wearable Electronic Devices MH - Healthy Volunteers MH - Accelerometry/instrumentation MH - Sitting Position MH - Standing Position MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged OTO - NOTNLM OT - Discomfort OT - Ecological validity OT - Field-based OT - Lordosis OT - Provocation OT - Spine OT - Variability COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/01 00:35 MHDA- 2026/07/15 12:37 CRDT- 2026/06/30 18:09 PHST- 2025/11/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/15 12:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/30 18:09 [entrez] AID - S0268-0033(26)00163-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2026.106908 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Clin Biomech (Bristol). 2026 Aug;138:106908. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2026.106908. Epub 2026 Jun 29. PMID- 42379026 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260724 LR - 20260724 IS - 1873-6297 (Electronic) IS - 0001-6918 (Linking) VI - 268 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Physical activity and loneliness in rural left-behind children: The mediating roles of social anxiety and self-concept. PG - 107262 LID - S0001-6918(26)01063-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.actpsy.2026.107262 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Loneliness is a prominent mental health concern among rural left-behind children in China, yet the psychological pathways through which physical activity may be related to loneliness remain underexplored. OBJECTIVE: This study explores the psychosocial pathways linking physical activity to loneliness in rural left-behind children, with particular focus on the chain-mediating effects of self-concept and social anxiety. METHODS: A sample of 540 Chinese rural left-behind children completed the scales that assessed loneliness, physical activity, social anxiety, and self-concept. SPSS 27.0 was used to conduct the common method bias test, reliability analysis, and correlation analysis. Mplus 8.3 was then employed to explore the mediating roles of social anxiety and self-concept within a chained mediation model. RESULTS: Common method bias was determined to be within acceptable limits for this study. Key findings include: (1) A negative correlation exists between physical activity and loneliness, with physical activity substantially correlated with loneliness (beta = -0.322); (2) Social anxiety partially mediated the relationship between physical activity and loneliness (beta = -0.117), accounting for 22.1% of the total effect; (3) Self-concept also partially mediated the relationship between physical activity and loneliness (beta = -0.132), representing 24.9% of the total effect; (4) A conspicuous chain mediating effect was observed through social anxiety and self-concept (beta = -0.013), accounting for 3.5% of the total effect (all p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Physical activity is directly and indirectly associated with loneliness among RLBC, with social anxiety and self-concept serving as mediating variables in a chain mediating pathway. These findings are consistent with attachment theory in that higher physical activity is associated with lower loneliness, which may reflect alternative sources of social connection; the observed patterns suggest that school-based physical activity programs designed to address social anxiety and self-concept could be associated with lower loneliness, though this awaits testing in longitudinal or experimental research. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Peng, Dianhui AU - Peng D AD - Department of Sport Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Art, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China. FAU - Li, Si AU - Li S AD - Department of Sport Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China. FAU - Luo, Yipin AU - Luo Y AD - Department of Sport Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China. FAU - Li, Xiaolin AU - Li X AD - Department of Sport Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China. FAU - Long, Jiayi AU - Long J AD - Department of Sport Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China. FAU - Chen, Jiaxi AU - Chen J AD - Department of Sport Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China. FAU - Lu, Chunxia AU - Lu C AD - Department of Sport Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China. Electronic address: luchunxia@hunnu.edu.cn. FAU - Wang, Yujuan AU - Wang Y AD - Sports and Health Promotion, Hunan University of Finance and Economics, Changsha, Hunan, China. Electronic address: wangyujuan@hufe.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260630 PL - Netherlands TA - Acta Psychol (Amst) JT - Acta psychologica JID - 0370366 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Loneliness/psychology MH - *Self Concept MH - Female MH - Male MH - Child MH - *Rural Population MH - China MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - *Anxiety/psychology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Left-behind children OT - Loneliness OT - Physical activity OT - Self-concept OT - Social anxiety COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Chunxia Lu reports financial support was provided by the Social Science General Project of Hunan Province. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/07/01 00:35 MHDA- 2026/07/24 06:35 CRDT- 2026/06/30 18:07 PHST- 2025/05/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/24 06:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/30 18:07 [entrez] AID - S0001-6918(26)01063-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.actpsy.2026.107262 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Acta Psychol (Amst). 2026 Aug;268:107262. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2026.107262. Epub 2026 Jun 30. PMID- 42378922 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260729 LR - 20260729 IS - 1879-1484 (Electronic) IS - 0021-9150 (Linking) VI - 419 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Earliest age to detect lifetime cardiometabolic health stratification in children. PG - 120833 LID - S0021-9150(26)00199-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2026.120833 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Cardiovascular risk factors such as overweight and high cholesterol in childhood are predictive of high disease risk in adulthood. However, the optimal timing and scope of early prevention remains uncertain due to sparse data. Our aim was to identify the earliest age at which adult-like cardiometabolic stratification emerges in population-based time-series of the first five decades of life. METHODS: Children born in 1962-1992 were included from three European cohorts (local community samples). Suitable measurement series of weight, height and lipoprotein lipids were analyzed for 5683 participants (ages 0-49 years, follow-ups 10-31 years depending on cohort). Longitudinal tracking was quantified by autocorrelation (R(2)) over the same individuals between two visits at least a decade apart. The pattern of R(2) as a function of age at the first visit was examined to identify the earliest age when adult-like plateau was reached. RESULTS: Autocorrelation of body mass index was low in children under four (R(2) /=3 times/week), and primary caregiver (Children) as significant SOC predictors. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that stabilized schizophrenia inpatients in a tertiary psychiatric setting exhibit generally lower Sense of Coherence (SOC) levels compared with healthy normative values and moderately lower than several outpatient schizophrenia samples. Higher SOC was significantly associated with having a personal income, frequent physical activity (>/=3 times/week), having children as primary caregivers, and Chinese Big Five Personality traits. Notably, while subjective support was positively correlated with SOC, objective support and support utilization showed negative associations. Given the moderate internal consistency of the SSRS (Cronbach's alpha = 0.626), the differential associations with social support dimensions should be interpreted cautiously. Concurrently, personality traits are relatively stable, their associations with SOC may inform indirect supportive strategies leveraging existing strengths rather than direct modification. These findings underscore the potential value of tailored interventions that enhance subjective support, promote structured recreational activities, and foster patients' perceived coping resources. Further cross-sectional and longitudinal outpatient studies are warranted to validate these results and elucidate the mechanisms underlying the support paradox. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Liang, Niu, Huang, Chen, Wu, Chen, Liu, Shi and Zeng. FAU - Liang, Rongyu AU - Liang R AD - Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. AD - Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Niu, Zangrui AU - Niu Z AD - School of Nursing, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Huang, Yuanyuan AU - Huang Y AD - Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. AD - Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. AD - Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Chen, Xiezhen AU - Chen X AD - School of Nursing, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Wu, Fengchun AU - Wu F AD - Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. AD - Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. AD - Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Chen, Xiaodong AU - Chen X AD - Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. AD - Chronic Psychiatry Department, The Affiliated Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Liu, Cuixia AU - Liu C AD - Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. AD - Chronic Psychiatry Department, The Affiliated Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Shi, Xiaolei AU - Shi X AD - Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. AD - Cerebrovascular Disease Department, The Affiliated Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Zeng, Gang AU - Zeng G AD - Nursing Department, Guangzhou Chest Hospital Affiliated to Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China. AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China. AD - Institute of Tuberculosis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260615 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Psychiatry JT - Frontiers in psychiatry JID - 101545006 PMC - PMC13311124 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Big Five Personality OT - Sense of Coherence OT - inpatients OT - schizophrenia OT - social support COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/30 06:31 MHDA- 2026/06/30 06:32 PMCR- 2026/06/15 CRDT- 2026/06/30 05:25 PHST- 2025/12/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/30 06:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/30 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/30 05:25 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1750488 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Psychiatry. 2026 Jun 15;17:1750488. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1750488. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42376024 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260630 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-2360 (Print) IS - 2296-2360 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2360 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Characteristics, predictors, and management of post-extubation dysphagia in critically Ill children: a scoping review. PG - 1854127 LID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1854127 [doi] LID - 1854127 AB - BACKGROUND: Post-extubation dysphagia (PED) is a common complication in critically ill children, associated with aspiration, malnutrition, and prolonged hospitalization. Standardized pediatric-specific assessment and management pathways are lacking, and published studies show substantial heterogeneity in diagnostic criteria, assessment timing, and intervention strategies. OBJECTIVE: This scoping review maps available evidence on pediatric PED, addressing: (1) incidence and clinical characteristics; (2) categories and effect sizes of independent predictors; and (3) the current state of prediction tools, bedside screening instruments, and management strategies. METHODS: Nine databases were searched systematically-PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CINAHL, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and CBM-with a search cutoff of 12 March 2026. Fifteen studies were included, encompassing cohort studies, randomized controlled trials, quasi-experimental studies, and scale-development studies. Data were synthesized narratively following the JBI scoping review methodological framework. RESULTS: Included studies were published between 2018 and 2026; 73.3% (11/15) appeared after 2022, originating primarily from mainland China (n = 10) and Brazil (n = 3). The clinical apparent incidence ranged from 28.36% to 68.94%. No included bedside assessment instrument was validated against VFSS or FEES,representing a central methodological gap in the current evidence base.Independent predictors were categorized into three evidence tiers: Tier 1: intubation duration, age, and IWS; Tier 2: neurological comorbidities and number of intubations >/=2; Tier 3:delirium.The CRISPED score is the only prediction tool with temporal internal validation (C-statistic 0.85-0.86). No assessment instrument has been validated against an instrumental gold standard. Interventions centered on oral motor training, with no standardization in frequency, intensity, or multidisciplinary integration. CONCLUSION: Pediatric PED incidence is high and core risk factors have been repeatedly reported across multiple multivariable models, but the field shows substantial heterogeneity in diagnostic definitions, assessment tools, and intervention protocols. The absence of instrumental validation for bedside assessment tools is the central limitation. Key gaps include the absence of gold-standard diagnostic accuracy studies, externally validated prediction models, and standardized intervention pathways. Future research should prioritize multicenter prospective studies to unify diagnostic criteria, develop age-appropriate bedside screening tools, and establish a nurse-led multidisciplinary management framework. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: Open Science Framework (OSF), identifier doi: 10.17605/OSF.IO/XSJ9B. CI - (c) 2026 Xue, Zhang, Zhao, Hu, Ju, Sun, Zhang, Zhang, Yang and Guan. FAU - Xue, Yaokang AU - Xue Y AD - Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China. AD - School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China. FAU - Zhang, Baorong AU - Zhang B AD - Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China. FAU - Zhao, Xiaoshuang AU - Zhao X AD - Department of Nursing, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China. FAU - Hu, Lili AU - Hu L AD - Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China. FAU - Ju, Liting AU - Ju L AD - Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China. AD - School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China. FAU - Sun, Hairui AU - Sun H AD - Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China. FAU - Zhang, Dan AU - Zhang D AD - Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China. FAU - Zhang, Jiping AU - Zhang J AD - Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China. FAU - Yang, Yuxuan AU - Yang Y AD - School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China. FAU - Guan, Ruixin AU - Guan R AD - Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20260615 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Pediatr JT - Frontiers in pediatrics JID - 101615492 PMC - PMC13311104 OTO - NOTNLM OT - management strategies OT - pediatric intensive care OT - pediatrics OT - post-extubation dysphagia OT - predictors OT - scoping review COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/30 06:31 MHDA- 2026/06/30 06:32 PMCR- 2026/06/15 CRDT- 2026/06/30 05:22 PHST- 2026/04/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/30 06:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/30 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/30 05:22 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1854127 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Pediatr. 2026 Jun 15;14:1854127. doi: 10.3389/fped.2026.1854127. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42375697 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260630 LR - 20260813 IS - 2673-4842 (Electronic) IS - 2673-4842 (Linking) VI - 7 DP - 2026 TI - Identifying dietary patterns and their association with oral health behaviors in young children: a parent-based cross-sectional study in Lithuania. PG - 1844389 LID - 10.3389/froh.2026.1844389 [doi] LID - 1844389 AB - BACKGROUND: Children's oral health and nutrition are interconnected, jointly influencing growth, oral development, and disease prevention such as caries. Despite this connection, they are often addressed separately in research and practice, underscoring the need for validated parental assessment tools that support integrated and interdisciplinary prevention strategies. METHODS: This cross-sectional study examined underlying dietary patterns among 420 children aged 5-12 years in Kaunas, Lithuania, based on parental reports. Data were collected as part of a broader investigation of oral health behavior (OHB) and knowledge. Children's consumption habits were assessed using 17 structured dietary items, which were further used to adapt nutritional assessment subscales. Ethical approval was obtained from Kaunas Kolegija HEI. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted to identify underlying dietary dimensions, and associations with sociodemographic variables and OHB were examined using correlation and regression analyses. RESULTS: EFA revealed a three-factor model explaining 40.30% of total variance, comprising: "recommended healthy foods" (e.g., fruits, vegetables), "inappropriate drinks and snacks" (e.g., sugary beverages), and "dairy products." Dietary measures were not associated with parents' age, gender, or self-perceived nutrition knowledge. Parents' education type was positively associated with "dietary" and "recommended healthy foods", while children's age showed negative associations with these variables, indicating less healthy dietary patterns in older children. OHB was positively associated with "recommended healthy foods", "dietary", and fruit and vegetable intake, but negatively associated with inappropriate drinks and snacks. Regression analysis revealed that consumption of "recommended healthy foods" and "parental success in ensuring healthy eating" as significant independent predictors of optimal OHB. CONCLUSIONS: These findings provide empirical support a multidimensional, parent-based dietary assessment framework that captures distinct eating patterns relevant to oral health. Integrating such tools into oral health promotion may enhance early prevention strategies by linking dietary behaviors with oral hygiene practices in a structured and evidence-based manner. CI - (c) 2026 Buunk-Werkhoven, Tamuliene, Dailidaite and Maciuliene. FAU - Buunk-Werkhoven, Yvonne A B AU - Buunk-Werkhoven YAB AD - Faculty of Medicine, Oral Health Department, Kauno Kolegija Higher Education Institution, Kaunas, Lithuania. FAU - Tamuliene, Rasa AU - Tamuliene R AD - Faculty of Medicine, Oral Health Department, Kauno Kolegija Higher Education Institution, Kaunas, Lithuania. FAU - Dailidaite, Evelina AU - Dailidaite E AD - Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Technologies and Dietetics, Kauno Kolegija Higher Education Institution, Kaunas, Lithuania. FAU - Maciuliene, Daiva AU - Maciuliene D AD - Faculty of Medicine, Oral Health Department, Kauno Kolegija Higher Education Institution, Kaunas, Lithuania. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260615 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Oral Health JT - Frontiers in oral health JID - 9918227262706676 PMC - PMC13311115 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Lithuania OT - health promotion OT - oral health and consumption habits OT - parental influence OT - pre- and primary school children COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/30 06:31 MHDA- 2026/06/30 06:32 PMCR- 2026/06/15 CRDT- 2026/06/30 05:19 PHST- 2026/03/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/30 06:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/30 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/30 05:19 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/froh.2026.1844389 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Oral Health. 2026 Jun 15;7:1844389. doi: 10.3389/froh.2026.1844389. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42375325 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260630 LR - 20260813 IS - 1664-2392 (Print) IS - 1664-2392 (Electronic) IS - 1664-2392 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Development and validation of a clinical prediction model for poor ovarian response in assisted reproductive technology. PG - 1732869 LID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1732869 [doi] LID - 1732869 AB - OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to develop and validate a predictive model for poor ovarian response (POR) in patients undergoing Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART). METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 1,789 patients who underwent IVF/ICSI with a GnRH antagonist protocol at the reproductive medicine center of Shenyang Women's and Children's Hospital between January 2020 and December 2023. Data from January 2020 to April 2023 were used for model development, and data from May 2023 to December 2023 was used for validation. Clinical and ovarian reserve markers were collected. Four prediction models were developed and compared: (1) logistic regression with stepwise selection, (2) full-variable logistic regression, (3) LASSO regression with the minimum lambda (lambda_min) criterion, and (4) LASSO regression with the 1-standard error (1-SE) rule. The optimal model was selected based on discrimination (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, AUC), calibration, and Brier score. RESULTS: The final model, based on stepwise logistic regression, identified AMH, basal FSH, BMI, and antral follicle count as significant predictors of POR. The model exhibited high discriminatory ability and good calibration across the training, internal validation, and test datasets. The nomogram developed from this model provides an easy-to-use tool for individualized risk prediction, enabling clinicians to optimize treatment strategies for patients at risk of POR. CONCLUSION: This study provides a comprehensive predictive model for POR in ART, incorporating a wide range of clinical and ovarian reserve markers. The stepwise logistic regression model offers superior predictive accuracy and clinical utility, making it a valuable tool for personalized ART management. The nomogram developed enhances decision-making in ART by offering an intuitive, evidence-based method for predicting POR risk. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Xin, Cheng, Hu, Guo, Li, Zhao and Guo. FAU - Xin, Xin AU - Xin X AD - Department of Reproductive Medicine, Shenyang Women's and Children's Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning, China. AD - Liaoning Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Shenyang, Liaoning, China. AD - Shenyang Clinical Medical Research Center for Assisted Reproduction, Shenyang, Liaoning, China. FAU - Cheng, Zhaoxia AU - Cheng Z AD - Department of Reproductive Medicine, Shenyang Women's and Children's Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning, China. AD - Liaoning Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Shenyang, Liaoning, China. AD - Shenyang Clinical Medical Research Center for Assisted Reproduction, Shenyang, Liaoning, China. FAU - Hu, Ting AU - Hu T AD - Department of Reproductive Medicine, Shenyang Women's and Children's Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning, China. AD - Liaoning Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Shenyang, Liaoning, China. AD - Shenyang Clinical Medical Research Center for Assisted Reproduction, Shenyang, Liaoning, China. FAU - Guo, Yi AU - Guo Y AD - Department of Reproductive Medicine, Shenyang Women's and Children's Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning, China. AD - Liaoning Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Shenyang, Liaoning, China. AD - Shenyang Clinical Medical Research Center for Assisted Reproduction, Shenyang, Liaoning, China. FAU - Li, Nan AU - Li N AD - Department of Reproductive Medicine, Shenyang Women's and Children's Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning, China. AD - Liaoning Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Shenyang, Liaoning, China. AD - Shenyang Clinical Medical Research Center for Assisted Reproduction, Shenyang, Liaoning, China. FAU - Zhao, Junbo AU - Zhao J AD - Department of Reproductive Medicine, Shenyang Women's and Children's Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning, China. AD - Liaoning Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Shenyang, Liaoning, China. AD - Shenyang Clinical Medical Research Center for Assisted Reproduction, Shenyang, Liaoning, China. FAU - Guo, Shuaishuai AU - Guo S AD - Department of Reproductive Medicine, Shenyang Women's and Children's Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning, China. AD - Liaoning Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Shenyang, Liaoning, China. AD - Shenyang Clinical Medical Research Center for Assisted Reproduction, Shenyang, Liaoning, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260615 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) JT - Frontiers in endocrinology JID - 101555782 RN - 80497-65-0 (Anti-Mullerian Hormone) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Reproductive Techniques, Assisted MH - *Ovarian Reserve/physiology MH - Adult MH - *Ovulation Induction/methods MH - Prediction Algorithms MH - Anti-Mullerian Hormone/blood MH - Logistic Models MH - Nomograms MH - Fertilization in Vitro PMC - PMC13310710 OTO - NOTNLM OT - assisted reproductive technology OT - clinical prediction model OT - nomogram OT - ovarian reserve markers OT - poor ovarian response COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/30 06:31 MHDA- 2026/06/30 06:32 PMCR- 2026/06/15 CRDT- 2026/06/30 05:15 PHST- 2025/10/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/30 06:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/30 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/30 05:15 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1732869 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2026 Jun 15;17:1732869. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2026.1732869. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42374581 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260915 LR - 20260917 IS - 0778-7367 (Print) IS - 2049-3258 (Electronic) IS - 0778-7367 (Linking) VI - 84 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 29 TI - International study of 24-hour movement behaviours among preschool children (SUNRISE): A pilot study from Nepal. LID - 10.1186/s13690-026-01984-2 [doi] LID - 204 AB - BACKGROUND: This study aimed to determine the proportion of Nepali preschool children (3-4 years of age) meeting the World Health Organization (WHO) 24- hour movement guidelines for physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviour and sleep by sex (male vs. female) and place of residence (urban vs. rural) and evaluate their executive functions and motor skills. Furthermore, it evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of methods proposed for the main SUNRISE study in diverse settings. METHODS: In this pilot study, a total of 99 preschool children, balancing sex and place of residence, each with one parent/caregiver, from Syangja District were recruited. Physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep were assessed using waist-worn ActiGraph accelerometers (ActiGraph wGT3x-BT) with >/= 1 valid 24-hour period of data, motor skills (gross and fine) were evaluated using the NIH Toolbox motor battery, and executive functions were assessed using the Early Years Toolbox. Eight focus group discussions (FGDs) were carried out with parents/caregivers, and a short interview was conducted with eight Early Childhood Development (ECD) centre teachers to explore the feasibility and acceptability of implementing the SUNRISE protocol. RESULTS: Only 10% of children met all components of the WHO 24-hour movement guidelines (>/= 180 min total PA, of which >/= 60 min were MVPA, /= 1 valid 24-hour period of data. Males and rural children accumulated more daily moderate-to-vigorous and vigorous physical activity than females and urban children, respectively. In contrast, females were more likely to meet screen time guidelines than males (66% vs. 42%, p = 0.018). Additionally, females had better inhibition control than males, and rural children had better working memory than urban children. Parent/caregivers and ECD teachers reported that the study procedures, including accelerometer use, were acceptable and feasible. CONCLUSIONS: Adherence to the full set of WHO movement guidelines was very low among preschool children in this study, with screen time emerging as the most challenging component. Targeted strategies are needed to promote healthier movement behaviours, particularly to reduce screen time. The findings support the feasibility and acceptability of conducting the main SUNRISE study in Nepal. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Subedi, Narayan AU - Subedi N AD - Nepal Development Society, Kathmandu, Nepal. n.subedi@nedsnepal.org.np. AD - Nexus Institute of Research and Innovation, Kathmandu, Nepal. n.subedi@nedsnepal.org.np. FAU - Okely, Anthony D AU - Okely AD AD - School of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia. FAU - Bhandari, Buna AU - Bhandari B AD - Dwyer School of Health Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, Indiana University South Bend, South Bend, USA. FAU - Paudel, Susan AU - Paudel S AD - Nepal Development Society, Kathmandu, Nepal. AD - Centre for Adolescent Health, Department of Paediatrics, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260629 PL - England TA - Arch Public Health JT - Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique JID - 9208826 PMC - PMC13576209 OTO - NOTNLM OT - 24-hour movement behaviour OT - Nepal OT - Physical activity OT - Preschool children OT - SUNRISE OT - Screen time OT - Urban and rural COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The SUNRISE pilot study received ethics approval from the Nepal Health Research Council (Registration number 225/2023). Written approval was obtained from the respective municipalities. All study participants (parents/caregivers) signed the informed consent form. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/30 06:31 MHDA- 2026/06/30 06:32 PMCR- 2026/06/29 CRDT- 2026/06/30 00:07 PHST- 2025/11/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/30 06:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/30 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/30 00:07 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s13690-026-01984-2 [pii] AID - 1984 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s13690-026-01984-2 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Arch Public Health. 2026 Jun 29;84(1):204. doi: 10.1186/s13690-026-01984-2. PMID- 42372278 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260914 LR - 20260914 IS - 1539-3704 (Electronic) IS - 0003-4819 (Linking) VI - 179 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Leveraging Real-World Evidence to Inform Regulatory, Clinical, and Coverage Decisions Related to Glucagon-like Peptide-1-Based Therapies: Synopsis of a National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Workshop. PG - 1328-1337 LID - 10.7326/ANNALS-25-05468 [doi] AB - Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have transformed obesity and diabetes management, with rapidly expanding indications and use among U.S. adults. Despite their promise, key questions remain about optimal treatment pathways, long-term safety, effectiveness across diverse populations, adherence, and economic impact. Real-world evidence (RWE) derived from electronic health records, claims, and other data sources could address these gaps, but unique challenges complicate its use, such as inconsistent insurance coverage, high discontinuation rates, medication shortages, compounded formulations, and off-label prescribing. To explore these issues, the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases convened a workshop in May 2025 with experts from regulatory agencies, guideline committees, payers, and academia. Discussions focused on identifying knowledge gaps in GLP-1RA use, evaluating how RWE informs practice, assessing limitations of real-world data, and strategies to reduce bias in RWE. Presentations emphasized RWE's potential to complement randomized trials by capturing rare adverse events, long-term outcomes, and effectiveness in routine care. However, persistent challenges include data reliability, confounding, and incomplete capture of medication use and outcomes, particularly in pediatric and underserved populations. Coverage decisions remain heterogeneous across Medicare, Medicaid, and private payers and across time, underscoring the need for rigorous cost-benefit analyses. The workshop concluded that robust RWE is essential for developing value-based coverage policies and optimizing GLP-1RA use. Continued investment in high-quality data infrastructure and analytic methods will be critical to inform regulatory, clinical, and economic decisions as utilization expands. FAU - Arterburn, David AU - Arterburn D AD - Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, Washington (D.A.). FAU - Curtis, Lesley H AU - Curtis LH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3286-9371 AD - Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina (L.H.C., D.D., A.S.). FAU - Toh, Sengwee AU - Toh S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5160-0810 AD - Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.T., D.R.W.). FAU - Bradley, Marie C AU - Bradley MC AD - U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Washington, DC (M.C.B.). FAU - D'Alessio, David AU - D'Alessio D AD - Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina (L.H.C., D.D., A.S.). FAU - Duchovny, Noelia AU - Duchovny N AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-5626-0589 AD - Congressional Budget Office, Washington, DC (N.D.). FAU - Hines, David AU - Hines D AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-8288-0029 AD - Metro Nashville Public Schools, Nashville, Tennessee (D.H.). FAU - Narain, Kimberly AU - Narain K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8548-1728 AD - University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (K.N.). FAU - Parekh, Anand AU - Parekh A AD - University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan (A.P.). FAU - Skinner, Asheley AU - Skinner A AD - Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina (L.H.C., D.D., A.S.). FAU - Wee, Christina C AU - Wee CC AD - Annals of Internal Medicine and American College of Physicians, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (C.C.W.). FAU - Wong, John B AU - Wong JB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4203-9010 AD - Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (J.B.W.). FAU - Wright, Davene R AU - Wright DR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8574-4572 AD - Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (S.T., D.R.W.). FAU - Osganian, Stavroula K AU - Osganian SK AD - National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland (S.K.O., C.H.). FAU - Hales, Craig AU - Hales C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2355-1177 AD - National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland (S.K.O., C.H.). LA - eng GR - K08 AG068372/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260630 PL - United States TA - Ann Intern Med JT - Annals of internal medicine JID - 0372351 RN - 0 (Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists) RN - 0 (Hypoglycemic Agents) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - United States MH - *Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists MH - *Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use/economics/adverse effects MH - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy MH - *Insurance Coverage MH - National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (U.S.) COIS- Disclosures: Disclosure forms are available with the article online. EDAT- 2026/06/29 22:36 MHDA- 2026/09/15 05:06 CRDT- 2026/06/29 17:03 PHST- 2026/09/15 05:06 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/29 22:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/29 17:03 [entrez] AID - 10.7326/ANNALS-25-05468 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Ann Intern Med. 2026 Sep;179(9):1328-1337. doi: 10.7326/ANNALS-25-05468. Epub 2026 Jun 30. PMID- 42372031 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261008 LR - 20261008 IS - 1360-0451 (Electronic) IS - 0954-0121 (Linking) VI - 38 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Self-reported physical activity and associated health factors among individuals attending an urban HIV and sexual health clinic in the UK: a secondary analysis of a clinic-based cross-sectional survey. PG - 2137-2146 LID - 10.1080/09540121.2026.2686237 [doi] AB - Low levels of physical activity are associated with negative health consequences such as metabolic syndrome and depression, particularly among people living with HIV. Contemporary data on physical activity levels among people living with HIV in the United Kingdom are limited. In a cross-sectional survey, 280 respondents' (217 (78%) individuals living with and 62 (22%) without HIV) physical activity was assessed using the validated General Practice Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPPAQ). Socio-demographic characteristics and health factors were collected. A third of the respondents (33.21%) reported being physically active. Living with HIV (OR 0.35 (95%CI 0.19-0.62)), older age (OR 0.97 (95%CI 0.95-0.99)), Black ethnic background (OR 0.33 (95%CI 0.09-1.17)) and smoking (OR 0.55 (95%CI 0.27-1.11)) were associated with lower odds of being physically active in the univariate analyses. Risky alcohol consumption (OR 1.72 (95%CI 0.98-3.08)) and irregular dietary habits (OR 2.09 (95%CI 1.19-3.68)) were associated with being physically active. In the fully adjusted model, only the association between physical activity and HIVstatus persisted. Participants living with HIV were 59% less likely to report being physically active (adjusted OR 0.41, 95% CI 0.21-0.79). The low proportion of reported physical activity suggests a potential role for screening and guidance for exercise among HIV and sexual health clinic attendees. FAU - Bascombe, Florence AU - Bascombe F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1005-6190 AD - Centre for Clinical Research in Infection and Sexual Health, Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom. AD - The Mortimer Market Centre, Central and North West London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Mcalpine, Connor AU - Mcalpine C AD - Centre for Clinical Research in Infection and Sexual Health, Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom. AD - The Mortimer Market Centre, Central and North West London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Milinkovic, Ana AU - Milinkovic A AD - Chelsea & Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Paredes, Jose Luis AU - Paredes JL AD - Centre for Clinical Research in Infection and Sexual Health, Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom. AD - The Mortimer Market Centre, Central and North West London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Matthews, Rebecca AU - Matthews R AD - Centre for Clinical Research in Infection and Sexual Health, Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom. AD - The Mortimer Market Centre, Central and North West London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Arenas-Pinto, Alejandro AU - Arenas-Pinto A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3368-5005 AD - Centre for Clinical Research in Infection and Sexual Health, Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom. AD - The Mortimer Market Centre, Central and North West London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom. AD - MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Suonpera, Emmi AU - Suonpera E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9412-2516 AD - Centre for Clinical Research in Infection and Sexual Health, Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom. AD - The Mortimer Market Centre, Central and North West London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260629 PL - England TA - AIDS Care JT - AIDS care JID - 8915313 SB - IM MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Exercise MH - United Kingdom MH - Self Report MH - Ambulatory Care Facilities/statistics & numerical data MH - *HIV Infections MH - *HIV Long-Term Survivors/statistics & numerical data MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Health Behavior MH - Sexual Health MH - *Urban Health Services/statistics & numerical data MH - Socioeconomic Factors MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cross-sectional OT - HIV OT - Physical activity OT - men who have sex with men OT - mental health EDAT- 2026/06/29 18:43 MHDA- 2026/10/07 17:33 CRDT- 2026/06/29 14:03 PHST- 2026/10/07 17:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/29 18:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/29 14:03 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/09540121.2026.2686237 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - AIDS Care. 2026 Oct;38(10):2137-2146. doi: 10.1080/09540121.2026.2686237. Epub 2026 Jun 29. PMID- 42371442 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260629 LR - 20260813 IS - 2168-8184 (Print) IS - 2168-8184 (Electronic) IS - 2168-8184 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 5 DP - 2026 May TI - Maternal Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Complementary Feeding Among Children Under 2 Years of Age: An Urban-Rural Comparison in Jharkhand, India. PG - e109844 LID - 10.7759/cureus.109844 [doi] LID - e109844 AB - Background Appropriate complementary feeding during the period of 6-24 months is essential for meeting the growing nutritional requirements of infants that cannot be met by breast milk alone after six months of age. Maternal knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) are critical determinants of infant feeding behavior. Urban-rural disparities in education, socioeconomic status, and healthcare access may contribute to differences in these practices. This study aimed to assess and compare maternal KAP regarding complementary feeding in urban and rural areas of Ranchi district, Jharkhand, using a validated scoring framework. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 305 mothers of children aged 6-24 months in urban Doranda (n=107) and rural Ormanjhi (n=198), the field practice areas of the Department of Community Medicine, RIMS, Ranchi. Data were collected using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire. KAP was assessed using a Bloom's cut-off-based scoring system: knowledge scores were classified as good (>/=80%), moderate (60-79%), or poor (<60%); attitude as positive, neutral, or negative; and practice as good, moderate, or poor. Associations were tested using the chi-square test, and ORs were calculated to describe KAP pathways. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results Overall, 63.3% of mothers had good knowledge, 58.0% held positive attitudes, and 54.1% demonstrated good complementary feeding practices. Urban mothers performed significantly better across all three domains (p=0.032, p=0.041, and p=0.006, respectively). Good knowledge was strongly associated with positive attitude (OR=5.35; 95% CI: 3.23-8.86; p<0.001) and good practice (OR=4.47; 95% CI: 2.60-7.68; p<0.001). Positive attitude showed the strongest association with good complementary feeding practices (OR=5.27; 95% CI: 3.05-9.11; p<0.001). Maternal education and household income were the most significant sociodemographic determinants of KAP (p<0.001 for both). Conclusion While general awareness was relatively high, significant gaps existed in practices, particularly in rural areas. The study demonstrates a sequential pathway from knowledge to attitude to practice, with socioeconomic factors as the primary underlying determinants. Targeted nutrition education and behavior change communication through frontline health workers are essential to translate knowledge into improved complementary feeding practices. CI - Copyright (c) 2026, Kiran et al. FAU - Kiran, Kumari Asha AU - Kiran KA AD - Preventive Medicine, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, IND. FAU - Priya, Neha AU - Priya N AD - Community Medicine, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, IND. FAU - Sunderam, Shalini AU - Sunderam S AD - Community Medicine, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, IND. FAU - Anit, Anuj K AU - Anit AK AD - Community Medicine, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, IND. FAU - Kumar, Dewesh AU - Kumar D AD - Community Medicine, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, IND. FAU - Kujur, Anit AU - Kujur A AD - Community Medicine, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, IND. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260528 PL - United States TA - Cureus JT - Cureus JID - 101596737 PMC - PMC13310283 OTO - NOTNLM OT - behaviour change communication OT - bloom's classification OT - child nutrition OT - complementary feeding OT - jharkhand OT - kap pathway OT - maternal kap OT - urban-rural comparison COIS- Human subjects: Informed consent for treatment and open access publication was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Institutional Ethics Committee, Rajendra institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi issued approval 312. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work. EDAT- 2026/06/29 12:32 MHDA- 2026/06/29 12:33 PMCR- 2026/05/28 CRDT- 2026/06/29 11:30 PHST- 2026/05/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/29 12:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/29 12:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/29 11:30 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.7759/cureus.109844 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cureus. 2026 May 28;18(5):e109844. doi: 10.7759/cureus.109844. eCollection 2026 May. PMID- 42371394 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260808 LR - 20260813 IS - 1573-6628 (Electronic) IS - 1092-7875 (Print) IS - 1092-7875 (Linking) VI - 30 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Multiple Output Gaussian Process Model for Predicting Low Birth Weight in Medellin, Colombia: An Alternative to Conventional Machine Learning Models. PG - 875-883 LID - 10.1007/s10995-026-04284-x [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the methodological feasibility of a heterogeneous multi-output Gaussian process model for jointly handling a continuous birth outcome and its clinically used binary representation in routinely collected perinatal data, and to compare its predictive performance with that of conventional single-output models. METHODS: Routinely collected live-birth certificate data from Medellin, Colombia, covering births from 2012 to 2021, were analyzed. After cleaning and class balancing, the analytic dataset included 32,110 records. A heterogeneous multi-output Gaussian process model was trained to jointly model birth weight in grams with a Gaussian likelihood and low birth weight status with a Bernoulli likelihood. Predictive performance was compared with that of conventional single-output regression and classification models. RESULTS: The heterogeneous multi-output Gaussian process model achieved acceptable predictive performance (R(2) = 0.67 for birth weight and accuracy = 0.845 for low birth weight classification), with results comparable to those of models fitted separately for each task. These findings support the practical feasibility of modeling heterogeneous outputs within a single probabilistic framework. CONCLUSIONS: In this application, the heterogeneous multi-output Gaussian process model was a viable methodological alternative for jointly modeling birth weight in grams and its binary low-birth-weight classification. This study should be interpreted primarily as a methodological demonstration of a flexible multi-output framework in perinatal data that may be extended in future studies to jointly model other outcomes of greater direct relevance to public health. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Salazar Blandon, Diego Alejandro AU - Salazar Blandon DA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8724-7705 AD - School of Nursing, University of Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia. alejandro.salazar@udea.edu.co. FAU - Garcia Arias, Hernan Felipe AU - Garcia Arias HF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2814-8838 AD - SISTEMIC research group, University of Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia. FAU - Giraldo Gutierrez, Juan Jose AU - Giraldo Gutierrez JJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9395-4289 AD - National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260629 PL - United States TA - Matern Child Health J JT - Maternal and child health journal JID - 9715672 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Colombia/epidemiology MH - *Infant, Low Birth Weight MH - *Machine Learning MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Predictive Learning Models MH - Normal Distribution MH - Female MH - Prediction Algorithms MH - Classification Algorithms MH - Birth Weight MH - Pregnancy MH - Birth Certificates MH - Models, Statistical PMC - PMC13451375 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Low birth weight OT - Machine learning OT - Models COIS- Declarations. Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/29 12:33 MHDA- 2026/08/08 23:08 PMCR- 2026/06/29 CRDT- 2026/06/29 11:29 PHST- 2024/09/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/08 23:08 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/29 12:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/29 11:29 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s10995-026-04284-x [pii] AID - 4284 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s10995-026-04284-x [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Matern Child Health J. 2026 Jul;30(7):875-883. doi: 10.1007/s10995-026-04284-x. Epub 2026 Jun 29. PMID- 42370796 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260629 IS - 2047-945X (Electronic) IS - 0260-1060 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jun 29 TI - Food insecurity, nutrition, and mental health in children after earthquake exposure: Evidence from Turkiye. PG - 2601060261464033 LID - 10.1177/02601060261464033 [doi] AB - BackgroundChildren are particularly vulnerable to the psychological and nutritional consequences of natural disasters such as earthquakes. Understanding the relationship between mental health outcomes and food insecurity is essential for effective post-disaster interventions.ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, and depressive symptoms among children exposed to the 2023 earthquake in Turkiye, and to examine their nutritional status and household food security.MethodsA multicenter, cross-sectional survey was conducted between March and August 2025 among 782 children aged 6-17 years from twelve earthquake-affected provinces. Participants were recruited using stratified cluster sampling from schools and community health centers. Psychological outcomes were assessed using validated instruments (CPSS, SCARED, CDI). Nutritional status was evaluated using anthropometric measurements, dietary diversity indicators, and standardized food security scales.ResultsOverall, 21.7% of participants met the CPSS cut-off for probable PTSD, with a higher prevalence among girls. Anxiety symptoms were identified in 25.8% and depressive symptoms in 21.4% of children. Nutritional assessment showed that 11.3% were underweight and 18.6% were overweight or obese. Additionally, 40.3% of households experienced food insecurity.ConclusionMental health problems and nutritional vulnerability frequently co-occur among children after earthquake exposure. Integrated interventions addressing both psychological well-being and food security are essential to support recovery in disaster-affected populations. FAU - Arslan, Nurgul AU - Arslan N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7618-0859 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Ataturk Faculty of Health Sciences, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkiye. RINGGOLD: 37507 LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260629 PL - England TA - Nutr Health JT - Nutrition and health JID - 8306569 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Earthquakes OT - anxiety OT - children OT - depression OT - food security OT - mental health OT - nutritional status EDAT- 2026/06/29 12:33 MHDA- 2026/06/29 12:33 CRDT- 2026/06/29 09:43 PHST- 2026/06/29 12:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/29 12:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/29 09:43 [entrez] AID - 10.1177/02601060261464033 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Nutr Health. 2026 Jun 29:2601060261464033. doi: 10.1177/02601060261464033. PMID- 42370479 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260629 LR - 20260813 IS - 1365-277X (Electronic) IS - 0952-3871 (Print) IS - 0952-3871 (Linking) VI - 39 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Exploring Eating Patterns and Cooking Habits Among Emerging Adult College Students to Inform a Pilot Meal Kit Program. PG - e70299 LID - 10.1111/jhn.70299 [doi] LID - e70299 AB - INTRODUCTION: Emerging adult college students often experience poor diet quality (DQ) and rely heavily on ultra-processed foods (UPFs), such as sugary beverages, salty snacks, sweet snacks, and other calorie-dense, convenience foods. Meal kits, which provide pre-portioned ingredients and simple recipes, may offer a practical strategy to support healthier eating among emerging adults, yet their relevance and feasibility in college settings remain poorly understood. This study aims to assess the health behaviors, needs, and preferences of the target college student population to inform the development and feasibility of a pilot meal kit program. METHODS: This exploratory, community-informed research used a multi-method approach implemented in two phases: (1) an electronic survey of undergraduate students assessing sociodemographics, eating patterns, and meal preparation habits, and (2) virtual focus groups exploring protein intake, cooking behaviors, and desired meal-kit features. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlations, and logistic regression models. Qualitative data were coded using inductive thematic analysis. RESULTS: Students (N = 501) demonstrated low DQ (sHEI = 47.7 +/- 10.0/100), and 33.7% reported low or very low food security. Higher UPF intake (OR = 1.14, 95% CI [1.02, 1.25], p = 0.015), more frequent cooking (OR = 1.31, 95% CI [1.02, 1.70], p = 0.037), and greater food insecurity (OR = 1.08, 95% CI [1.003, 1.16], p = 0.042) significantly predicted interest in meal kits, although effect sizes were small (Nagelkerke R(2) = 0.015-0.023). Qualitative findings identified key barriers to healthy meal preparation, including limited time, inadequate kitchen access and equipment, financial constraints, and dissatisfaction with campus dining protein options. Students perceived meal kits as convenient and customizable but expressed concerns about affordability. CONCLUSION: Emerging adult college students face numerous barriers to healthy eating. Many view meal kits as a practical way to access convenient, nutritious meals. Affordable, culturally and economically tailored programs may help improve DQ and reduce reliance on UPFs. Findings support pilot testing a campus-based meal-kit program. CI - (c) 2026 The British Dietetic Association Ltd. FAU - Watras, Emma AU - Watras E AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-4161-0024 AD - School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA. FAU - Mena, Noereem Z AU - Mena NZ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7799-5566 AD - College of Life Sciences and Agriculture, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA. FAU - Strout, Kelley AU - Strout K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2575-1041 AD - School of Nursing, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA. FAU - Gayer, Kayla AU - Gayer K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9038-0152 AD - School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA. FAU - Yerxa, Kathryn AU - Yerxa K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9510-6358 AD - Cooperative Extension, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA. FAU - McNamara, Jade AU - McNamara J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3242-330X AD - School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA. LA - eng GR - National Pork Board/ PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - J Hum Nutr Diet JT - Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association JID - 8904840 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Cooking/methods MH - *Students/psychology/statistics & numerical data MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - Young Adult MH - Universities MH - Pilot Projects MH - Male MH - *Meals/psychology MH - Adult MH - Food, Processed MH - *Diet, Healthy/psychology MH - Adolescent MH - Health Behavior MH - Food Preferences/psychology MH - Focus Groups MH - Fast Foods MH - Surveys and Questionnaires PMC - PMC13454157 OTO - NOTNLM OT - college students OT - cooking behaviors OT - diet quality OT - emerging adults OT - food insecurity OT - meal kits OT - ultra-processed foods COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/29 12:33 MHDA- 2026/06/29 12:34 PMCR- 2026/08/10 CRDT- 2026/06/29 07:23 PHST- 2026/05/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/29 12:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/29 12:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/29 07:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JHN70299 [pii] AID - 10.1111/jhn.70299 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Hum Nutr Diet. 2026 Aug;39(4):e70299. doi: 10.1111/jhn.70299. PMID- 42370059 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260629 LR - 20260813 IS - 2753-4294 (Electronic) IS - 2753-4294 (Linking) VI - 4 IP - 2 DP - 2026 TI - Identifying developmental vulnerability through linear growth screening: a UK cross-sectional study. PG - e004567 LID - 10.1136/bmjph-2025-004567 [doi] LID - e004567 AB - INTRODUCTION: Linear growth in early childhood is routinely measured in the UK, but it is unclear whether indicators of linear growth faltering can flag children with neurodevelopmental vulnerability, especially in ethnically diverse urban settings. We tested whether short stature (stunting) or being short for genetic potential identifies children at risk of failing routine developmental screening at age 2-2.5 years. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis among 555 children aged 24-30 months (mean 26.0 months, SD 1.5) attending Healthy Child Programme reviews in East London. The sample was ethnically diverse, with substantial proportions of Bangladeshi, White and other minority ethnic groups. Developmental vulnerability was defined as scoring below the Ages and Stages Questionnaire, Third Edition (ASQ-3) cut-off in >/=1 domain. The exposures were stunting (height-for-age z score <-2 SD) and being short for genetic potential, defined as deviation from mid-parental height (DMPH) <-2 SD. Associations were examined using binomial multivariable logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, prematurity, maternal education, ethnicity and household benefits. A subset (n=94) completed the Griffiths III Mental Development Scales (GMDS-III) to validate ASQ-3 classification. RESULTS: Overall, 141/555 (25.4%) children screened positive for developmental vulnerability on the ASQ-3. Children with developmental vulnerability had significantly lower GMDS-III scaled scores across multiple domains supporting criterion validity. We did not find evidence of an association between stunting and developmental vulnerability (adjusted OR 1.35, 95% CI 0.47 to 3.49). In contrast, children who were short for genetic potential (DMPH <-2 SD) had higher odds of developmental vulnerability (adjusted OR 4.18, 95% CI 1.13 to 14.78). CONCLUSIONS: In this urban UK cohort, deviation from genetic height potential, rather than stunting, identified children at increased risk of developmental vulnerability. Incorporating parental heights into routine growth surveillance could offer a simple trigger for earlier neurodevelopmental review. CI - Copyright (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ Group. FAU - Papasavva, Michael AU - Papasavva M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2111-9783 AD - Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK. FAU - Orr, Joanna AU - Orr J AD - Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK. FAU - Cordani, Isabella AU - Cordani I AD - Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK. FAU - Oloko, Lola AU - Oloko L AD - Tower Hamlets GP Care Group CIC, London, UK. FAU - Hutchinson, Celes AU - Hutchinson C AD - Tower Hamlets GP Care Group CIC, London, UK. FAU - Norton, Christopher AU - Norton C AD - Tower Hamlets GP Care Group CIC, London, UK. FAU - Kamaljit, Kaur AU - Kamaljit K AD - Tower Hamlets GP Care Group CIC, London, UK. FAU - Freer, Joseph AU - Freer J AD - Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK. FAU - Walton, Robert AU - Walton R AD - Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK. FAU - Storr, Helen L AU - Storr HL AD - Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK. FAU - Smuk, Melanie AU - Smuk M AD - Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK. FAU - Prendergast, Andrew J AU - Prendergast AJ AD - Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260623 PL - England TA - BMJ Public Health JT - BMJ public health JID - 9918697578906676 PMC - PMC13295896 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Humans OT - Public Health OT - Sociodemographic Factors COIS- None declared. EDAT- 2026/06/29 16:10 MHDA- 2026/06/29 16:11 PMCR- 2026/06/23 CRDT- 2026/06/29 07:03 PHST- 2025/11/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/29 16:11 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/29 16:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/29 07:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjph-2025-004567 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjph-2025-004567 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Public Health. 2026 Jun 23;4(2):e004567. doi: 10.1136/bmjph-2025-004567. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42369304 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260629 LR - 20260813 IS - 1664-1078 (Print) IS - 1664-1078 (Electronic) IS - 1664-1078 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Mood changes of children and adolescents in dance classes: a prospective repeated-measures study. PG - 1719704 LID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1719704 [doi] LID - 1719704 AB - INTRODUCTION: Adolescent mental health in the United States has deteriorated markedly over the past decade, with diagnosed mental or behavioral health conditions among 12-to-17-year-olds increasing 35% between 2016 and 2023, driven by a 61% rise in anxiety diagnoses and a 45% rise in depression. Community-based interventions combining physical activity, creative expression, and social connection represent a promising response. METHODS: This prospective repeated-measures study examined the association between structured dance education and mood among 256 children and adolescents (ages 5-17) at four studio locations. Over 4 months (February-May 2025), students completed 4,224 paired pre- and post-class mood ratings using a single-item emoji scale; the primary analytic sample comprised 4,059 sessions from 251 students. PANAS-C administrations provided a concurrent measure of dispositional affect, with each student's score anchored to the administration nearest the study close. Multilevel models accounted for the nested data structure (students contributing 1-109 sessions each). RESULTS: The intraclass correlation was 0.432. Post-class mood was significantly higher than pre-class mood (session-level Cohen's d = 0.27 [primary estimate] and per-student d_z = 0.43 [p < 0.001]) with 85.8% of sessions showing maintained or improved mood. A Tobit sensitivity analysis confirmed these patterns after adjusting for the 28.8% post-class ceiling rate. No covariate (including weekly frequency, class type, proficiency level, or instructor experience) explained significant additional variance. Individual differences dominated: random slopes improved model fit substantially (DeltaAIC = 201). Convergent validity between the emoji scale and PANAS-C Positive Affect was significant (r = 0.19, p = 0.011, n = 175), with the strongest association among students attending 4-6 classes per week (r = 0.51, n = 25). CONCLUSION: Dance participation was associated with a consistent acute mood benefit generalizing across genres, schedules, and experience levels; individual characteristics, rather than program features, accounted for most meaningful variation. The observational design precludes causal attribution. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Henderson, Henderson, Robertson-Kraft and Levick. FAU - Henderson, Tiffany C AU - Henderson TC AD - Master of Applied Positive Psychology Program, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States. AD - Tiffany's Dance Academy, Livermore, CA, United States. FAU - Henderson, Paul R AU - Henderson PR AD - Raising the Barre, Livermore, CA, United States. FAU - Robertson-Kraft, Claire AU - Robertson-Kraft C AD - Master of Applied Positive Psychology Program, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States. FAU - Levick, Judy Saltzberg AU - Levick JS AD - Master of Applied Positive Psychology Program, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260611 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Psychol JT - Frontiers in psychology JID - 101550902 PMC - PMC13293843 OTO - NOTNLM OT - PANAS-C OT - children and adolescents OT - dance education OT - ecological momentary assessment OT - mood OT - multilevel modeling OT - positive psychology OT - well-being COIS- TH and PH are co-founders of Tiffany's Dance Academy, a for-profit dance studio business, and Raising the Barre, a 501(c)(3) youth-service nonprofit organization, both based in Livermore, CA, USA. The remaining author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/29 12:32 MHDA- 2026/06/29 12:33 PMCR- 2026/06/11 CRDT- 2026/06/29 06:56 PHST- 2025/10/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/29 12:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/29 12:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/29 06:56 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1719704 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Psychol. 2026 Jun 11;17:1719704. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1719704. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42368948 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260629 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Formal uniforms as an environmental constraint on NEAT and adolescent obesity: a cross-sectional study in boarding schools. PG - 1817702 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1817702 [doi] LID - 1817702 AB - BACKGROUND: The rising prevalence of obesity in adolescents is commonly attributed to a decrease in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), but the role of environmental constraints on thermogenesis from non-exercise activities (NEAT) remains under-explored. School uniforms are a daily necessity and may be associated with physical or perceived barriers to spontaneous low-intensity movement. This study investigated the relationship between type of school uniform (formal versus athletic) and body mass index (BMI) and examined whether NEAT-related behaviors showed a statistical mediation pattern in a gender-specific manner. METHOD: A cross-sectional study was conducted in four 100 percent boarding secondary schools in China. A total of 1,068 adolescents were stratified by mandatory uniform type. NEAT-related behaviors were assessed using an adapted self-reported questionnaire and compared with accelerometry-derived metrics in a sedentary validation sub-sample (n = 108). Mediation analyses and moderated mediation analyses were conducted to examine the uniform type, NEAT-related behaviors, and BMI associations. RESULTS: Formal uniforms were significantly associated with higher BMI in women (Delta = 0.7 kg/m(2), p < 0.01) but not in men (p > 0.05). Mediation analyses suggested that this association was statistically mediated by lower NEAT-related behaviors [beta_indirect = 0.123, 95% CI (0.054, 0.208)], accounting for 60.3% of the total effect. Exploratory subgroup analyses showed a larger uniform-BMI difference among students in the lowest NEAT-related activity decile: in the lowest decile of sedentary behavior, the difference in body mass index between homogeneous groups widened from a negligible amount in highly active girls to a larger observed difference of 1.3 kg/m(2) (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Formal school uniforms were associated with lower NEAT-related movement and higher body mass index in adolescent females in this study population. This relationship was more pronounced among students with lower baseline activity levels, suggesting that restrictive clothing may act as an environmental constraint on spontaneous low-intensity movement. These findings suggest that movement-friendly school uniform designs may warrant further investigation in residential school settings. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Wang, Lin, Zhang and Liu. FAU - Wang, Yuan AU - Wang Y AD - School Uniform Management Professional Committee, China Association for Campus Management, Beijing, China. FAU - Lin, Rubing AU - Lin R AD - Department of Orthopedics, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China. FAU - Zhang, Wei AU - Zhang W AD - Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China. FAU - Liu, Yantong AU - Liu Y AD - Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China. AD - Department of Computer and Information Engineering, Kunsan National University, Gunsan, Republic of Korea. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260612 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - Body Mass Index MH - China/epidemiology MH - *Schools MH - *Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology MH - *Clothing/statistics & numerical data MH - *Thermogenesis/physiology MH - *Exercise/physiology MH - Accelerometry PMC - PMC13303609 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescent obesity OT - environmental constraint OT - gender disparity OT - non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT) OT - school uniforms OT - sedentary behavior COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/29 16:10 MHDA- 2026/06/29 16:11 PMCR- 2026/06/12 CRDT- 2026/06/29 06:52 PHST- 2026/02/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/29 16:11 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/29 16:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/29 06:52 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1817702 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2026 Jun 12;14:1817702. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1817702. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42368298 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260629 LR - 20260926 IS - 1687-8728 (Print) IS - 1687-8736 (Electronic) IS - 1687-8728 (Linking) VI - 2026 DP - 2026 TI - Morphological Study of the Characteristics of Lips in Children With Mouth Breathing. PG - 1585193 LID - 10.1155/ijod/1585193 [doi] LID - 1585193 AB - OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the association between long-term mouth breathing habits and the morphological characteristics of children's lips, providing a basis for clinical diagnosis and early intervention. Given the cross-sectional design and reliance on parental questionnaire-based exposure classification, causal inference is not warranted; findings are strictly associative. METHODS: A total of 210 children aged 6-12 years were enrolled, comprising 105 children clinically classified as long-term mouth-breathing children and 105 nasal-breathing children. Classification was based on a validated parental questionnaire with defined major and minor signs; objective airway assessment was not performed, which is acknowledged as a limitation. Lip morphological characteristics were analyzed from standardized lateral cephalograms. Quantitative parameters included protrusion of the subnasal region, upper lip, lower lip, and chin; length of the upper lip, lower lip, and chin; the ratio of upper lip length to lower lip length; nasolabial angle; mentolabial angle. Comparisons between groups used independent-samples t-tests with covariate adjustment (analysis of covariance [ANCOVA]) for age, sex, and BMI, and the Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate (FDR) correction for multiple comparisons. Effect sizes (Cohen's d) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) are reported. RESULTS: Significant positive correlations were found among Ns to N' Vert, UL to N' Vert, LL to N' Vert, Pog' to N' Vert, UL-L, LL-L, and Cn-L. Compared with nasal-breathing children, mouth-breathing children showed decreased protrusion of the subnasal region and upper lip, retraction of the chin, a sharper nasolabial angle, and a more obtuse mentolabial angle. No significant difference in lower lip protrusion (LL to N' Vert) was found between groups (adjusted p = 0.225). Because all participants were recruited from an orthodontic clinic, these findings may not be generalizable to the general pediatric population. CONCLUSIONS: Mouth breathing is associated with significant differences in lip and facial soft-tissue morphology in children, particularly in the protrusion and length of the subnasal region, upper lip, and chin, as well as in nasolabial and mentolabial angles. Early identification and interdisciplinary management of mouth breathing may be important for preventing further morphological changes; however, longitudinal studies are needed to establish temporal relationships and causal mechanisms. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Lu Wenting et al. International Journal of Dentistry published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Wenting, Lu AU - Wenting L AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-3613-0550 AD - Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth Peoples' Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China, shsmu.edu.cn. FAU - Xiaowei, Wu AU - Xiaowei W AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-7248-839X AD - Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth Peoples' Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China, shsmu.edu.cn. FAU - Shengdan, Yu AU - Shengdan Y AD - Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth Peoples' Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China, shsmu.edu.cn. FAU - Xin, Yan AU - Xin Y AD - Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth Peoples' Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China, shsmu.edu.cn. FAU - Mengyuan, Guo AU - Mengyuan G AD - Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth Peoples' Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China, shsmu.edu.cn. FAU - Lili, Hou AU - Lili H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6489-1744 AD - Department of Nursing, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China, shsmu.edu.cn. FAU - Xiaogang, Pan AU - Xiaogang P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8623-4526 AD - Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth Peoples' Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China, shsmu.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260626 PL - United States TA - Int J Dent JT - International journal of dentistry JID - 101524183 EIN - Int J Dent. 2026 Aug 11;2026:9769151. doi: 10.1155/ijod/9769151. PMID: 42591848 PMC - PMC13306110 OTO - NOTNLM OT - children OT - early intervention OT - lip morphological characteristics OT - mouth breathing COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/29 12:32 MHDA- 2026/06/29 12:33 PMCR- 2026/06/26 CRDT- 2026/06/29 06:46 PHST- 2025/05/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/29 12:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/29 12:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/29 06:46 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - IJOD1585193 [pii] AID - 10.1155/ijod/1585193 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Dent. 2026 Jun 26;2026:1585193. doi: 10.1155/ijod/1585193. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42366751 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260629 IS - 1469-672X (Electronic) IS - 0264-6838 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jun 28 TI - Interpersonal psychotherapy for adolescent gestational weight gain and wellbeing: pilot and feasibility randomised controlled trial. PG - 1-17 LID - 10.1080/02646838.2026.2694056 [doi] AB - AIMS/BACKGROUND: Pregnant adolescents face adversities that heighten perinatal complications in mental (e.g. depression) and physical (e.g. excess gestational weight gain [GWG]) health. Depression may affect excess GWG through stress-related behaviours. We sought to pilot feasibility/acceptability of integrating a brief mental health intervention within prenatal care to address depression and stress-related behaviours contributing to excess GWG. DESIGN/METHODS: The current study reports recruitment/retention, feasibility, and intervention/protocol acceptability of a pilot randomised controlled trial with N = 37 pregnant 13-19-year-olds receiving multidisciplinary prenatal care (NCT03086161). Participants were randomised to 6 x 1-hour individual interpersonal psychotherapy sessions plus usual multidisciplinary prenatal care (IPT+UC) or usual care only (UC). Feasibility was tracked using CONSORT flow. Adolescents completed acceptability ratings at post-program. Within-condition and between-group changes in social functioning, depression, stress-related behaviours, and GWG were assessed from baseline to mid-programme and post-programme. RESULTS: 88% of potentially eligible patients enrolled. At mid-programme, 43% were retained in IPT+UC versus 38% in UC; at post-program 38% were retained in IPT+UC versus 35% in UC. Within IPT+UC, 47% received >/= 80% IPT dosage. Adolescents rated IPT acceptability above-average. Within-group, IPT+UC showed decreased mother-adolescent negative interactions at mid-programme (r = .76, p = .01) and post-programme (r = .63, p = .04). There was no difference in gestational weight gain between arms (epsilon(2) = .02, p = .87). CONCLUSION: Brief, integrated mental health therapy in multidisciplinary prenatal care for adolescents has feasible enrolment and may offer an acceptable approach for mental-physical health. Dosage and retention require refinement. Incorporating dissemination/implementation science principles is warranted in future tests of IPT to support the mental-physical health of pregnant adolescents. FAU - Joslin, Steffany AU - Joslin S AD - Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Section of Endocrinology, University of Colorado Anschutz and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA. FAU - Gulley, Lauren D AU - Gulley LD AD - Department of Pediatrics, Section of Endocrinology, University of Colorado Anschutz and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA. FAU - Pyle, Laura AU - Pyle L AD - Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA. FAU - Clark, Emma L M AU - Clark ELM AD - Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA. FAU - Tanofsky-Kraff, Marian AU - Tanofsky-Kraff M AD - Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA. FAU - Nadeau, Kristen J AU - Nadeau KJ AD - Department of Pediatrics, Section of Endocrinology, University of Colorado Anschutz and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA. FAU - Barbour, Linda A AU - Barbour LA AD - Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz, Aurora, CO, USA. AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz, Aurora, CO, USA. FAU - Scott, Stephen M AU - Scott SM AD - Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz, Aurora, CO, USA. AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz, Aurora, CO, USA. FAU - Sheeder, Jeanelle L AU - Sheeder JL AD - Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz, Aurora, CO, USA. AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz, Aurora, CO, USA. FAU - Shomaker, Lauren B AU - Shomaker LB AD - Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Section of Endocrinology, University of Colorado Anschutz and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA. AD - Department of Community and Behavioral Health, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260628 PL - England TA - J Reprod Infant Psychol JT - Journal of reproductive and infant psychology JID - 8501885 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Interpersonal psychotherapy OT - adolescence OT - depression OT - obesity, pregnancy EDAT- 2026/06/29 06:30 MHDA- 2026/06/29 06:30 CRDT- 2026/06/29 02:44 PHST- 2026/06/29 06:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/29 06:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/29 02:44 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/02646838.2026.2694056 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - J Reprod Infant Psychol. 2026 Jun 28:1-17. doi: 10.1080/02646838.2026.2694056. PMID- 42366551 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260629 IS - 1464-5165 (Electronic) IS - 0963-8288 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jun 28 TI - Group-based aquatic exercise for adolescents with down syndrome; a pilot study. PG - 1-11 LID - 10.1080/09638288.2026.2691633 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: Adolescents with Down syndrome (ADS) have reduced physical activity (PA) levels compared to peers. Aquatic exercise may appeal to ADS because the aquatic environment allows for increased ease of movement and mobility. However, research surrounding group-based aquatic exercise programs for ADS is limited. The purpose of the study was to investigate the safety, feasibility, and preliminary outcomes of group-based aquatic exercise for ADS. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nine ADS, participated in a twice-weekly, one-hour group-based aquatic exercise class over eight weeks. Safety was assessed via heart rate monitoring and critical incidents. Feasibility was assessed through program adherence and parent perception of convenience. Outcome measures included the timed up-and-go test (TUG), five-repetition sit-to-stand test (FRSTST), six-minute walk test (6MWT), pediatric quality of life inventory (PedsQL TM), and a parent satisfaction survey. Scores were compared with pre- and post-intervention and at 4-week follow-up. RESULTS: There were no critical safety incidents. Program adherence was > 85%. Improvements in the 6MWT and the PedsQL TM were found (p < .017). Improvements exceeding the minimal detectable change were obtained for the 6MWT, TUG, FRSTST, and PedsQL TM. Parent satisfaction was high. CONCLUSION: Group-based aquatic exercise may provide a safe, feasible and effective alternative to PA in ADS. FAU - Conklin, Ashley B AU - Conklin AB AD - The Department of Rehabilitation and Movement Sciences at Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey. Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA. FAU - Martin, Kathy AU - Martin K AD - The Krannert School of Physical Therapy at The University of Indianapolis, The University of Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA. FAU - Ennis, Beth AU - Ennis B AD - Currently unaffiliated. FAU - Moore, Elizabeth AU - Moore E AD - The College of Health Sciences at The University of Indianapolis, The University of Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260628 PL - England TA - Disabil Rehabil JT - Disability and rehabilitation JID - 9207179 SB - IM OAB - Adolescents with Down syndrome have reduced physical activity levels compared to their typically developing peers, placing them at higher risk of health-related complications and a sedentary lifestyle.A twice-weekly, 1-hour aquatic exercise program incorporating moderate intensity aerobic exercise and strength maneuvers was implemented with nine adolescents with Down syndrome over an 8 week period.The aquatic exercise program was safe, feasible and well received by all participants, with high levels of parent satisfaction reported.Despite the relatively small sample size, the preliminary results of this pilot study support the implementation of group-based aquatic exercise as a means of improving both social and physical health and well-being for adolescents with Down syndrome. OABL- eng OTO - NOTNLM OT - Down syndrome OT - adolescents OT - aquatic exercise OT - group exercise OT - physical activity EDAT- 2026/06/29 06:30 MHDA- 2026/06/29 06:30 CRDT- 2026/06/29 01:02 PHST- 2026/06/29 06:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/29 06:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/29 01:02 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/09638288.2026.2691633 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Disabil Rehabil. 2026 Jun 28:1-11. doi: 10.1080/09638288.2026.2691633. PMID- 42366411 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260915 LR - 20260917 IS - 1471-2393 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2393 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 29 TI - A prospective longitudinal interventional cohort study on maternal nutrition and pregnancy outcomes in urban Cameroon (CAMELIA): study protocol. LID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09536-w [doi] LID - 1017 AB - BACKGROUND: Maternal nutritional exposures during pregnancy are critical determinants of maternal and neonatal outcomes, yet remain inadequately characterized in many African settings, including Cameroon. The CAMELIA (Cameroon Maternal and Early Life Assessment) cohort aims to evaluate maternal nutritional status early in pregnancy, implement a structured nutritional intervention, and assess its impact on maternal, neonatal, and long-term metabolic outcomes. METHODS: CAMELIA is a prospective, longitudinal interventional cohort enrolling 1,200 pregnant women at less than 22 weeks' gestation in an urban primary healthcare facility in Cameroon (Hopital Monseigneur Jean Zoa, Yaounde). Participants are recruited at the first antenatal visit and followed through delivery and up to 42 days postpartum. Data and biological samples are collected across four visits: at enrolment (< 22 weeks), between 24 and 32 weeks of gestation, at delivery, and at 42 days postpartum. A structured multi-modal nutritional intervention (SUN-APP program) is initiated at enrolment, delivered through individual counselling, group education, monthly interactive workshops, and digital health support via weekly WhatsApp and SMS messages. Gestational hyperglycaemia is screened using fasting capillary blood glucose at V1 and V2, applying a threshold of >/= 92 mg/dL. Primary outcomes are feasibility and acceptability of the intervention. Secondary outcomes include prevalence of gestational hyperglycaemia, hypertensive disorders, anaemia, low birth weight, and preterm birth. The study holds ethical approval from the Cameroon National Ethics Committee (CNERSH; approval no. 2025/04/1790/CE/CNERSH/SP) and is registered in the ISRCTN registry (ISRCTN13961105). CONCLUSIONS: The CAMELIA study provides a scalable and replicable framework for embedding structured nutritional risk screening and targeted interventions into routine antenatal care in a low-resource African setting. Findings will inform strategies for the prevention of gestational metabolic disorders and adverse perinatal outcomes across generations. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRCTN13961105. Registered 14 August 2025. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Zemsi, Sylvain AU - Zemsi S AD - RSD Institute, Rue de l'Universite, Yaounde, Cameroon. AD - Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon. FAU - Ekwoge, Diane AU - Ekwoge D AD - RSD Institute, Rue de l'Universite, Yaounde, Cameroon. AD - Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon. FAU - Saha, Brice AU - Saha B AD - RSD Institute, Rue de l'Universite, Yaounde, Cameroon. AD - Faculty of Biochemistry, University of Bamenda, Bamenda, Cameroon. FAU - Kalla, Valdes AU - Kalla V AD - RSD Institute, Rue de l'Universite, Yaounde, Cameroon. AD - Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon. FAU - Minkam, Azalee AU - Minkam A AD - RSD Institute, Rue de l'Universite, Yaounde, Cameroon. FAU - Ayeni, Doris AU - Ayeni D AD - RSD Institute, Rue de l'Universite, Yaounde, Cameroon. AD - Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon. FAU - Tsanga, Michel AU - Tsanga M AD - RSD Institute, Rue de l'Universite, Yaounde, Cameroon. FAU - Ndi, Jean Arnaud AU - Ndi JA AD - RSD Institute, Rue de l'Universite, Yaounde, Cameroon. FAU - Powo, Arnold AU - Powo A AD - RSD Institute, Rue de l'Universite, Yaounde, Cameroon. FAU - Baban, Thierry AU - Baban T AD - RSD Institute, Rue de l'Universite, Yaounde, Cameroon. AD - Toulouse National Polytechnique Institute, Toulouse, France. FAU - Guewo, Magellan AU - Guewo M AD - RSD Institute, Rue de l'Universite, Yaounde, Cameroon. AD - Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon. FAU - Katte, Jean Claude AU - Katte JC AD - RSD Institute, Rue de l'Universite, Yaounde, Cameroon. AD - University of Exeter, Exeter, UK. FAU - Ondobo, Xavier AU - Ondobo X AD - Hopital Monseigneur Jean Zoa de Nkolndongo, Yaounde, Cameroon. FAU - Sobngwi-Tambekou, Joelle AU - Sobngwi-Tambekou J AD - RSD Institute, Rue de l'Universite, Yaounde, Cameroon. FAU - Fezeu, Leopold AU - Fezeu L AD - RSD Institute, Rue de l'Universite, Yaounde, Cameroon. AD - Universite Sorbonne Paris Nord and Universite Paris Cite, INSERM, INRAE, CNAM, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS), Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Bobigny, F-93017, France. FAU - Sobngwi, Eugene AU - Sobngwi E AD - RSD Institute, Rue de l'Universite, Yaounde, Cameroon. eugenesobngwi@gmail.com. AD - Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon. eugenesobngwi@gmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260629 PL - England TA - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth JT - BMC pregnancy and childbirth JID - 100967799 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - Cameroon/epidemiology MH - Prospective Studies MH - *Pregnancy Outcome MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Adult MH - *Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena MH - Infant, Newborn MH - *Nutritional Status MH - *Prenatal Care/methods MH - *Pregnancy Complications/epidemiology MH - Premature Birth/epidemiology MH - Diabetes, Gestational/epidemiology MH - Urban Population PMC - PMC13576244 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Africa OT - Cameroon OT - Cohort study OT - Environmental exposure OT - Gestational diabetes OT - Hypertensive disorders OT - Maternal health OT - Neonatal outcomes OT - Nutrition OT - Pregnancy COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The CAMELIA study received ethical clearance from the National Ethics Committee for Research in Human Health (CNERSH) of Cameroon (approval no. 2025/04/1790/CE/CNERSH/SP). Written informed consent is obtained from all participants. For participants under 21 years of age, written parental consent and participant assent are required. All study procedures are conducted in accordance with Good Clinical Practice (ICH-GCP) and the Declaration of Helsinki. All information collected is kept strictly confidential. Participants are identified by a unique coded number; no names, addresses, or telephone numbers are disclosed to any researcher outside the core study team. Records and samples are securely archived for future research. Participants have explicitly consented to the storage of biological samples (blood and urine, including umbilical cord blood) in the RSD Institute biobank and to their use in future ethically approved research studies. The study protocol, information sheets, and consent forms have been submitted to the CNERSH for approval and remain subject to review for any substantial amendments. Any amendments will be communicated to the ISRCTN registry within 15 days. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/29 04:10 MHDA- 2026/09/15 05:36 PMCR- 2026/06/29 CRDT- 2026/06/28 23:25 PHST- 2026/05/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/29 04:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/28 23:25 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09536-w [pii] AID - 9536 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09536-w [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2026 Jun 29;26(1):1017. doi: 10.1186/s12884-026-09536-w. PMID- 42365611 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260628 LR - 20260706 IS - 1471-2865 (Electronic) IS - 1358-2267 (Linking) VI - 31 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Reliability of Pressure Pain Threshold Measurements of Upper and Lower Limb Muscles of Young Swimmers: An Observational Study. PG - e70262 LID - 10.1002/pri.70262 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Objective measures should be combined with subjective assessments to monitor pain and discomfort, particularly in sports with a high prevalence of atraumatic injuries. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the reliability of pressure pain threshold (PPT) measurements in competitive swimmers and to explore the influence of intrinsic and extrinsic factors on PPT. METHODS: Forty-seven swimmers were included in the study. PPT was measured bilaterally in 10 muscles of the upper and lower limbs and trunk using a hand-held algometer. Two trained physiotherapists performed four consecutive evaluations on the same day, with a 5-min interval between repeated measures, in randomized order to minimize carryover effects. Intrinsic variables included age, body mass index, shoulder pain, injury history, and years of practice. Extrinsic variables included swimming style, swimming distance, competitive level, training frequency, and training duration. Reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients, standard error of measurement, minimal detectable change, and coefficient of variation. The influence of intrinsic and extrinsic factors on PPT was explored using multivariate analysis of variance. RESULTS: Reliability varied from good to excellent across all muscles, with ICC values between 0.75 and 0.95. Descriptive data indicated that swimmers competing at the national level had higher PPT values compared with regional/state athletes, and butterfly specialists showed slightly higher PPTs. Across all participants, lower limb muscles consistently exhibited higher PPT values than upper limb muscles (e.g., rectus femoris mean 4.2 kg/cm(2) vs. biceps brachii mean 2.8 kg/cm(2)). CONCLUSIONS: Reliability was high across all muscles, and PPT differences observed appear to reflect training level, stroke specialization, and muscle group characteristics rather than intrinsic or injury-related factors. Furthermore, applications up to 5 kgf are safe and well tolerated in the lower limb, which differs from the usual threshold of 2.55 kgf commonly used in the upper limb. CI - (c) 2026 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Carrion Caldeira Ribeiro, Gabriela AU - Carrion Caldeira Ribeiro G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5952-7603 AD - Department of Physiotherapy, Sao Paulo State University, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Alves de Carvalho, Flavia AU - Alves de Carvalho F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2740-4959 AD - Department of Physiotherapy, Sao Paulo State University, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Paes de Lima, Heloisa AU - Paes de Lima H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1460-0141 AD - Department of Physiotherapy, Sao Paulo State University, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Moreira de Castro Pereira Perez Espinoza, Rafael AU - Moreira de Castro Pereira Perez Espinoza R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8167-7448 AD - Department of Physiotherapy, Sao Paulo State University, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Machado da Silva, Isaque AU - Machado da Silva I AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-8339-7287 AD - Department of Physiotherapy, Sao Paulo State University, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Zacharias de Souza, Ricardo AU - Zacharias de Souza R AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-6411-017X AD - Department of Physiotherapy, Sao Paulo State University, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Pastre, Carlos Marcelo AU - Pastre CM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0213-6679 AD - Department of Physiotherapy, Sao Paulo State University, Sao Paulo, Brazil. LA - eng GR - 001/Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior/ PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study PL - United States TA - Physiother Res Int JT - Physiotherapy research international : the journal for researchers and clinicians in physical therapy JID - 9612022 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Swimming/physiology MH - Female MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Male MH - *Pain Threshold/physiology MH - Adolescent MH - *Upper Extremity/physiology/physiopathology MH - *Pain Measurement/methods MH - *Lower Extremity/physiology MH - *Muscle, Skeletal/physiopathology MH - Pressure OTO - NOTNLM OT - muscle sensitivity OT - pressure algometry OT - swimmer EDAT- 2026/06/28 18:30 MHDA- 2026/06/28 18:31 CRDT- 2026/06/28 13:22 PHST- 2026/06/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/11/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/28 18:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/28 18:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/28 13:22 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/pri.70262 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Physiother Res Int. 2026 Jul;31(3):e70262. doi: 10.1002/pri.70262. PMID- 42365345 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260915 LR - 20260917 IS - 1477-9560 (Print) IS - 1477-9560 (Electronic) IS - 1477-9560 (Linking) VI - 24 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 27 TI - Association between D-dimer difference and risk of postoperative venous thromboembolism in endometrial cancer: a retrospective cohort study. LID - 10.1186/s12959-026-00893-2 [doi] LID - 84 AB - OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between D-dimer level changes and venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk in endometrial cancer patients undergoing surgery. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 307 endometrial cancer patients who underwent surgical treatment at Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital between January 2022 and December 2024, with follow-up to December 2025. D-dimer change was the exposure variable and VTE occurrence the outcome. Multivariable logistic regression assessed independent effects after adjusting for 17 covariates, including age, body mass index, FIGO stage, and comorbidities. Threshold effect and stratified analyses were conducted. RESULTS: Each one-unit increase in D-dimer change was significantly associated with higher VTE risk (adjusted OR = 1.202; 95% CI: 1.076-1.342; P = 0.001). Nonlinear testing revealed a significant threshold effect (P < 0.001) at 3.78: below this threshold, VTE risk increased sharply (OR = 7.761; 95% CI: 4.286-14.051); above it, risk declined (OR = 0.643; 95% CI: 0.526-0.785). Mediation analysis showed anticoagulant therapy, infection, and caprinin had negligible mediating effects (proportion < 0.2%; P > 0.86). CONCLUSION: D-dimer level changes exhibit a nonlinear association with postoperative VTE risk, characterized by a distinct threshold effect. These hypothesis-generating findings suggest that monitoring D-dimer trajectories rather than absolute values may offer a novel dimension for perioperative VTE risk stratification, warranting prospective validation in multicenter cohorts before clinical application. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Li, Weipeng AU - Li W AD - Department of Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China. FAU - Zheng, Hui AU - Zheng H AD - Department of Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China. FAU - Zhen, Lan AU - Zhen L AD - Department of Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China. FAU - Qiu, Qian AU - Qiu Q AD - Department of Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China. FAU - Zhu, Leilei AU - Zhu L AD - Department of Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China. FAU - Zhang, Rong AU - Zhang R AD - Department of Vascular Surgery & Interventional Therapy, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China. FAU - Yi, Huan AU - Yi H AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-9209-916X AD - Department of Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China. yi.huan@fjmu.edu.cn. LA - eng GR - No.2025Y9627/the Joint Funds for the Innovation of Science and Technology,Fujian Province/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260627 PL - England TA - Thromb J JT - Thrombosis journal JID - 101170542 PMC - PMC13576260 OTO - NOTNLM OT - D-dimer OT - Endometrial cancer OT - Postoperative complications OT - Threshold effect OT - Venous thromboembolism COIS- Declarations. Ethical approval: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Fujian Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital and strictly adhered to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki (IRB: No. 2025KY115). Consent for publication: Not applicable. As this study was a retrospective analysis of de-identified data and the requirement for informed consent was waived by the institutional ethics committee, specific consent for publication was not required. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/28 04:09 MHDA- 2026/06/28 04:10 PMCR- 2026/06/27 CRDT- 2026/06/27 23:26 PHST- 2026/02/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/28 04:10 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/28 04:09 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/27 23:26 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12959-026-00893-2 [pii] AID - 893 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12959-026-00893-2 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Thromb J. 2026 Jun 27;24(1):84. doi: 10.1186/s12959-026-00893-2. PMID- 42365173 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260910 LR - 20261008 IS - 1476-5640 (Electronic) IS - 0954-3007 (Linking) VI - 80 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Evaluation of a context-specific diet diversity score (DDS) for predicting micronutrient adequacy in 6-10-year-old rural Indian children. PG - 919-927 LID - 10.1038/s41430-026-01779-2 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Low diet diversity is the major contributor to micronutrient inadequacy among children, underscoring a need for a rapid assessment tool to assess micronutrient adequacy. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to (i) develop a context-specific diet diversity score (DDS) tool (ii) evaluate the performance of the DDS scoring system against mean probability of adequacy for 10 micronutrients, 5 biomarkers of micronutrient status and (iii) identify an optimal DDS cut-off by applying minimum portion size threshold to support its potential use as a practical screening tool. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 6-10-year-old children (n = 76) in two villages of Ghatkesar sub-district, Telangana. Portion sizes of commonly consumed fruits and vegetables were standardized. Data on household demographics, anthropometry, and biomarkers of micronutrient status were collected using a pretested questionnaire and standardized protocols. Three non-consecutive 24-hour-dietary-recalls were obtained using the weighment method. DDS was developed based on the nutrient content of consumed foods; minimum intake thresholds of 0.1 g, 5 g and 10 g was applied while scoring. Mean probability of adequacy (MPA) for 10 micronutrients was estimated using ICMR-EAR values. Correlations of DDS with MPA and biomarkers were examined, and sensitivity and specificity were assessed using ROC curves, considering MPA >/= 70% as adequate. RESULTS: The DDS included 13 food groups. Mean DDS (5 g threshold) was 8.67 +/- 1.50 and correlated significantly with MPA (r = 0.58), and hemoglobin (t = 2.07). A DDS-5 g cut-off of >/=10 predicted MPA > 70%, with an AUC of 0.89. CONCLUSION: The DDS showed good predictive performance for micronutrient adequacy, but requires further field validation before programmatic use. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited. FAU - Konapur, Archana AU - Konapur A AD - Nutrition Information Communication and Health Education (NICHE) Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India. FAU - Krishnapillai, Madhavan Nair AU - Krishnapillai MN AD - Independent Researcher; Formerly, Micronutrient Research Group, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India. FAU - Kulkarni, Bharati AU - Kulkarni B AD - Director, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India. FAU - Nagalla, Balakrishna AU - Nagalla B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5613-0942 AD - Department of Statistics, Apollo Hospitals Educational & Research Foundation, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India. FAU - Gavaravarapu, SubbaRao M AU - Gavaravarapu SM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4524-9646 AD - Nutrition Information Communication and Health Education (NICHE) Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India. Subbarao.gm@icmr.gov.in. AD - Faculty of Medical Science, Academy for Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India. Subbarao.gm@icmr.gov.in. LA - eng GR - 5/9/1138/2014-NUT/Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260627 PL - England TA - Eur J Clin Nutr JT - European journal of clinical nutrition JID - 8804070 RN - 0 (Micronutrients) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Micronutrients/administration & dosage/deficiency/blood MH - Child MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - India MH - Female MH - *Diet MH - Rural Population MH - *Nutrition Assessment MH - Male MH - Nutritional Status MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Vegetables MH - Fruit MH - ROC Curve MH - Sensitivity and Specificity COIS- Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Ethical approval: The study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee (IEC) of ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India (08/I/2014 & CR03/II/2016 (revised)); all methods were performed in accordance with the institutional guidelines and regulations. Written informed consent was obtained from all the participants before initiation of data collection. EDAT- 2026/06/28 00:38 MHDA- 2026/09/10 05:37 CRDT- 2026/06/27 23:19 PHST- 2025/10/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/10 05:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/28 00:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/27 23:19 [entrez] AID - 10.1038/s41430-026-01779-2 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41430-026-01779-2 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Clin Nutr. 2026 Sep;80(9):919-927. doi: 10.1038/s41430-026-01779-2. Epub 2026 Jun 27. PMID- 42365169 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260627 IS - 1530-0447 (Electronic) IS - 0031-3998 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jun 27 TI - Diet, lifestyle, metabolic markers, and socioeconomic status are associated with cognitive function in school-aged children from a population-based cohort. LID - 10.1038/s41390-026-05250-7 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Cognitive development is associated with diet, activity, sleep, metabolic health, and socioeconomic status. However, evidence remains limited, as most studies have focused on clinical groups or single factors. We examined the combined associations of these variables with cognitive function in school-aged children from the general population. METHODS: We evaluated 170 school-aged children from a population-based cohort (mean age 6.33 +/- 0.03 years; 49% female). Children were evaluated after an overnight fast (>8 h), and anthropometric, metabolic, and socioeconomic variables were evaluated. Diet and physical activity were assessed using validated questionnaires (Vioque FFQ and enKid). Cognitive function was assessed using NEPSY-II and TONI-2 subsets. Correlation and regression analyses were performed. RESULTS: Cognitive function was positively associated with Mediterranean diet adherence, sleep duration, socioeconomic status, and negatively associated with ultra-processed food intake, TV viewing, and metabolic markers including insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), C-reactive protein, and gamma-glutamyltransferase (all p < 0.05). Multivariate analyses showed that Mediterranean diet adherence (OR 2.18, 95%CI 1.08-4.40), economic status (OR 2.50, 95%CI 1.13-5.49), sleep duration (OR 2.90, 95%CI 1.42-5.92), and HOMA-IR (OR 0.47, 95%CI 0.23-0.96) as independently associated with cognitive outcomes, particularly in attention, language, and memory. CONCLUSIONS: Lifestyle factors and socioeconomic conditions are independently associated with cognitive function in children. IMPACT: Key message: Diet, sleep, metabolic health, and socioeconomic status are associated with cognitive function in school-aged children. Novelty: Simultaneously examines multiple factors associated with cognition in school-aged children from a population-based cohort. Impact on cognition: Mediterranean diet adherence, sleep duration, and metabolic health were positively associated with several cognitive domains, including attention, language, and memory. Practical use: Highlights the potential relevance of healthy lifestyles and social equity in relation to cognitive development. Broader significance: Highlights the multifactorial nature of cognitive development in children. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Gomez-Vilarrubla, Ariadna AU - Gomez-Vilarrubla A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8183-5218 AD - Maternal-Fetal Metabolic Research Group, Girona Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBGI), Salt, Spain. FAU - Sanchez-Fernandez, Mario AU - Sanchez-Fernandez M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-7616-8559 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Dr. Josep Trueta Hospital, Girona, Spain. FAU - Puerto-Carranza, Elsa AU - Puerto-Carranza E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3478-5072 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Dr. Josep Trueta Hospital, Girona, Spain. FAU - Martinez-Calcerrada, Jose-Maria AU - Martinez-Calcerrada JM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4021-2513 AD - Maternal-Fetal Metabolic Research Group, Girona Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBGI), Salt, Spain. FAU - Mas-Pares, Berta AU - Mas-Pares B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8283-3089 AD - Pediatric Endocrinology Research Group, Girona Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBGI), Salt, Spain. FAU - Rivero-Martin, Maria-Jose AU - Rivero-Martin MJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2186-0475 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Nso-Roca, Ana-Pilar AU - Nso-Roca AP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0601-0213 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitario San Juan de Alicante, San Juan de Alicante, Spain. FAU - Alvarez-Monell, Adam AU - Alvarez-Monell A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4806-3361 AD - Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona (INc-UAB), Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Contreras-Rodriguez, Oren AU - Contreras-Rodriguez O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8922-8084 AD - Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona (INc-UAB), Barcelona, Spain. AD - CIBER Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Garre-Olmo, Josep AU - Garre-Olmo J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7817-0814 AD - Department of Medical Sciences, University of Girona, Girona, Spain. FAU - Lopez-Bermejo, Abel AU - Lopez-Bermejo A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5828-8911 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Dr. Josep Trueta Hospital, Girona, Spain. alopezbermejo@idibgi.org. AD - Pediatric Endocrinology Research Group, Girona Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBGI), Salt, Spain. alopezbermejo@idibgi.org. AD - Department of Medical Sciences, University of Girona, Girona, Spain. alopezbermejo@idibgi.org. FAU - Bassols, Judit AU - Bassols J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8821-6655 AD - Maternal-Fetal Metabolic Research Group, Girona Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBGI), Salt, Spain. jbassols@idibgi.org. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260627 PL - United States TA - Pediatr Res JT - Pediatric research JID - 0100714 SB - IM COIS- Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Patient consent: Written informed consent was obtained from the parents or legal guardians of all participating children prior to enrolment in the study. EDAT- 2026/06/28 00:37 MHDA- 2026/06/28 00:37 CRDT- 2026/06/27 23:19 PHST- 2025/10/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/28 00:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/28 00:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/27 23:19 [entrez] AID - 10.1038/s41390-026-05250-7 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41390-026-05250-7 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Pediatr Res. 2026 Jun 27. doi: 10.1038/s41390-026-05250-7. PMID- 42365081 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260627 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jun 27 TI - Predicting children's undernutrition and its association with women's asset ownership in Ethiopia: spatial machine learning. LID - 10.1038/s41598-026-59905-w [doi] AB - Child undernutrition remains a critical public health concern, with prominent geographic and structural disparities in Ethiopia. Understanding how women's asset share and spatial context interact to affect nutritional risk is vital for effective interventions. This study investigates the spatial patterns of child undernutrition, its association with women's asset ownership and other covariates, and the predictive performance of spatial machine learning techniques in making predictions. Using the nationally representative ESPS 2021/22 for model development and internal validation through spatial cross-validation with a 70/30 split, alongside temporal validation employing ESPS I, 2018/19. The metrics were used to compare four machine learning algorithms (random forest, gradient-boosted trees, support vector machines, and geographical random forests) with spatial features to a spatial generalized linear mixed model. The semivariogram result showed a strong spatial dependence, which supported the use of spatial modeling. The women's asset ownership index, children's age, distance to nearest market, mothers' age, distance to nearest road, household size, child sex, region, toilet type, mother's religion, source of drinking water, and place of residence were significant factors. The results demonstrate a distinct inverse spatial correlation between women's asset ownership and child undernutrition, suggesting that women's economic empowerment functions as a protective structural part. The result of temporal validation showed a growing impact of geographic and contextual factors. Gradient-boosted trees and random forests with spatial features make it easy to model intricate nutritional outcomes in different settings. The results underline geographically targeted child nutrition programs and policies that bolster women's economic autonomy and resilience. Integrating spatial analytics and Gradient-boosted trees and random forests machine learning techniques with gender‑sensitive socioeconomic factors can strengthen precise public health strategies to reduce child undernutrition. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Dessie, Dereje Bekele AU - Dessie DB AD - Department of Statistics, College of Natural and Computational Science, Madda Walabu University, Bale Robe, Ethiopia. derejebekele@hu.edu.et. AD - Department of Statistics, College of Natural and Computational Science, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia. derejebekele@hu.edu.et. FAU - Kitawa, Yonas Shuke AU - Kitawa YS AD - Department of Statistics, College of Natural and Computational Science, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia. FAU - Asfaw, Zeytu Gashaw AU - Asfaw ZG AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260627 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Assets OT - Children OT - Machine learning OT - Undernutrition OT - Women COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The data were obtained via online registration and downloaded after the purpose of the analysis was communicated and approved. An approval for the use of the ESPS data set was gained from the World Bank Microdata Catalog: https://microdata.worldbank.org/collections/lsms. Ethics approval and participants' consent were not required, as this is publicly available data. EDAT- 2026/06/28 00:36 MHDA- 2026/06/28 00:36 CRDT- 2026/06/27 23:17 PHST- 2026/03/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/28 00:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/28 00:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/27 23:17 [entrez] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-59905-w [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-59905-w [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Sci Rep. 2026 Jun 27. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-59905-w. PMID- 42364891 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260908 LR - 20260908 IS - 1873-3492 (Electronic) IS - 0009-8981 (Linking) VI - 592 DP - 2027 Jan 1 TI - Kisspeptin-10/basal LH ratio improves differentiation of central precocious puberty and premature thelarche. PG - 121207 LID - S0009-8981(26)00389-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.cca.2026.121207 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Distinguishing idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP) from premature thelarche (PT) remains a clinical challenge and often necessitates GnRH stimulation testing. Kisspeptin-10 (Kp-10), Neurokinin B (NKB), and Neuropeptide Y (NPY) are key regulators of GnRH secretion and may serve as surrogate biomarkers. We evaluated whether these neuropeptides, alone or in combination with basal gonadotropins, could provide clinically useful discrimination of ICPP and PT. METHODS: In this prospective study, Indian girls aged 6-9 years were enrolled as controls (n = 40), ICPP (n = 33), and PT (n = 23). Anthropometry, basal LH, FSH, estradiol, pelvic ultrasonography, and plasma Kp-10, NKB, and NPY levels were assessed. Diagnostic performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Logistic regression models assessed incremental predictive value: Model 1 included the Kp-10/basal LH ratio; Model 2 added bone age advancement (BA-CA); and Model 3 further included basal estradiol. Clinical utility was examined using decision curve analysis (DCA). RESULTS: Anthropometric parameters did not differ between ICPP and PT. Kp-10 and NKB levels were higher in both early-puberty groups than controls, but neither marker alone discriminated ICPP from PT. The composite Kp-10/basal LH ratio showed superior performance, with an ROC-derived cut-off <4.07 ng/mIU (sensitivity 72.7%, specificity 87.0%, accuracy 78%). All three models showed similar discrimination (AUC 0.78-0.79), with no meaningful improvement after adding BA-CA or estradiol. DCA demonstrated a higher net benefit for the Kp-10/basal LH ratio compared with treat-all or treat-none strategies across clinically relevant thresholds. CONCLUSION: The Kp-10/basal LH ratio provides robust discrimination and meaningful clinical utility in differentiating ICPP from PT and may reduce reliance on GnRH stimulation testing. CI - Copyright (c) 2026. Published by Elsevier B.V. FAU - Banerjee, Antara A AU - Banerjee AA AD - ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Jehangir Merwanji Street, Parel, Mumbai 400 012, India. FAU - Bhanarkar, Shital R AU - Bhanarkar SR AD - ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Jehangir Merwanji Street, Parel, Mumbai 400 012, India. FAU - Kashikar, Swati AU - Kashikar S AD - ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Jehangir Merwanji Street, Parel, Mumbai 400 012, India. FAU - Keshwani, Rachna AU - Keshwani R AD - Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Acharya Donde Marg, Parel, Mumbai 400 012, India. FAU - Walia, Shagun AU - Walia S AD - Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Acharya Donde Marg, Parel, Mumbai 400 012, India. FAU - Kavya, D R AU - Kavya DR AD - Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Acharya Donde Marg, Parel, Mumbai 400 012, India. FAU - Bombe, Shweta AU - Bombe S AD - ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Jehangir Merwanji Street, Parel, Mumbai 400 012, India. FAU - Pande, Shailesh AU - Pande S AD - ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Jehangir Merwanji Street, Parel, Mumbai 400 012, India. FAU - Modi, Deepak N AU - Modi DN AD - ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Jehangir Merwanji Street, Parel, Mumbai 400 012, India. FAU - Pathak, Bhakti R AU - Pathak BR AD - ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Jehangir Merwanji Street, Parel, Mumbai 400 012, India. FAU - Joshi, Beena AU - Joshi B AD - ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Jehangir Merwanji Street, Parel, Mumbai 400 012, India. FAU - Tandon, Deepti AU - Tandon D AD - ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Jehangir Merwanji Street, Parel, Mumbai 400 012, India. FAU - Patil, Anushree AU - Patil A AD - ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Jehangir Merwanji Street, Parel, Mumbai 400 012, India. FAU - Begum, Shahina AU - Begum S AD - ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Jehangir Merwanji Street, Parel, Mumbai 400 012, India. FAU - Mahale, Smita D AU - Mahale SD AD - ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Jehangir Merwanji Street, Parel, Mumbai 400 012, India. FAU - Rao, Sudha AU - Rao S AD - Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Acharya Donde Marg, Parel, Mumbai 400 012, India. Electronic address: c_sudha@hotmail.com. FAU - Surve, Suchitra V AU - Surve SV AD - ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Jehangir Merwanji Street, Parel, Mumbai 400 012, India. Electronic address: surves@nirrch.res.in. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260627 PL - Netherlands TA - Clin Chim Acta JT - Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry JID - 1302422 RN - 0 (Kisspeptins) RN - 9002-67-9 (Luteinizing Hormone) RN - 0 (KISS1 protein, human) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Puberty, Precocious/blood/diagnosis MH - *Kisspeptins/blood MH - Female MH - *Luteinizing Hormone/blood MH - Child MH - Prospective Studies OTO - NOTNLM OT - Idiopathic central precocious puberty OT - Kisspeptin OT - Luteinizing hormone OT - Neurokinin B OT - Premature thelarche COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/06/28 00:36 MHDA- 2026/09/08 23:35 CRDT- 2026/06/27 19:31 PHST- 2026/03/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/08 23:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/28 00:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/27 19:31 [entrez] AID - S0009-8981(26)00389-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.cca.2026.121207 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Clin Chim Acta. 2027 Jan 1;592:121207. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2026.121207. Epub 2026 Jun 27. PMID- 42364851 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260807 LR - 20260807 IS - 1095-8304 (Electronic) IS - 0195-6663 (Linking) VI - 226 DP - 2026 Nov 1 TI - Hedonic and practicality beliefs form a behaviour-proximal core associated with red and processed meat intake: An attitude network analysis. PG - 108694 LID - S0195-6663(26)00256-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.appet.2026.108694 [doi] AB - Red and processed meat (RPM) consumption remains widespread in high-income populations despite consistent health and sustainability recommendations to reduce intake. Although attitudinal measures reliably predict meat-related intentions and intake, prior work has relied predominantly on aggregate affective and cognitive composites, which conceal how the evaluative system is organised: which evaluations are most structurally embedded, which bridge distinct clusters of meaning, and which sit closest to behaviour. We addressed this by applying an item-level Causal Attitude Network approach in a preregistered cross-sectional survey of 1554 UK adults. A regularised partial-correlation network (EBICglasso) was estimated on 21 evaluative items and a past-week RPM intake sum score; we examined community structure, node centrality, between-community connectivity, and the intake node's neighbourhood, complemented by hierarchical regressions on affective and cognitive composites. Walktrap community detection identified four communities (Hedonics, Morality, Benefits/Vitality, Practicality/Feasibility), with the intake node located within Practicality/Feasibility alongside planning, health, and sustainability-related content. The most central evaluative reactions reflected sensory reward and moral evaluation (e.g., pleasantness, tastiness, moral acceptability). Intake showed its strongest conditional association with planning, with smaller links to strength, pleasantness, sustainability, comfort, and pleasure. Between-community connectivity was concentrated in a few pathways, most notably Hedonics-Practicality/Feasibility and Practicality/Feasibility-Benefits/Vitality. Sex-stratified networks were highly similar despite higher intake among men. In regressions, the composites raised explained variance in intake from R(2) = .05 (demographics) to R(2) = .39, with a stronger association for the affective (beta = .45) than the cognitive composite (beta = .18). The architecture suggests, as hypothesis-generating rather than causal claims, that information-focused appeals about long-term consequences may have limited leverage and that intervention targets more plausibly lie in planning, feasibility, hedonic reliance, and benefit/vitality reframing. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Kraft, Pal AU - Kraft P AD - Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1094, Blindern, 0317, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, Oslo New University College, Ullevalsveien 76, 0454, Oslo, Norway. Electronic address: pal.kraft@psykologi.uio.no. FAU - Kraft, Brage AU - Kraft B AD - Department of Behavioral Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, P. O. Box 4, St. Olavs plass, 0130, Oslo, Norway. Electronic address: brage.kraft@oslomet.no. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260627 PL - England TA - Appetite JT - Appetite JID - 8006808 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Adult MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Middle Aged MH - United Kingdom MH - *Red Meat MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - Young Adult MH - *Food Preferences/psychology MH - *Meat Products MH - *Diet/psychology MH - Adolescent MH - Aged OTO - NOTNLM OT - Causal attitude network OT - Meat attitudes OT - Network analysis OT - Red meat OT - Sex differences COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/06/28 00:37 MHDA- 2026/08/08 00:37 CRDT- 2026/06/27 19:30 PHST- 2026/04/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/08 00:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/28 00:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/27 19:30 [entrez] AID - S0195-6663(26)00256-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.appet.2026.108694 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Appetite. 2026 Nov 1;226:108694. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2026.108694. Epub 2026 Jun 27. PMID- 42364529 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260822 LR - 20260919 IS - 1879-2219 (Electronic) IS - 0966-6362 (Linking) VI - 130 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Reliability and minimal detectable change of knee mechanics during gait and squatting, using markerless motion capture in the workplace. PG - 110266 LID - S0966-6362(26)00176-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2026.110266 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Meaningful changes in joint mechanics within or across sessions require observed differences greater than measurement error. While markerless motion capture systems have achieved comparable gait parameters to marker-based methods, there is a knowledge gap for markerless approaches applied to postures adopted in the workplace in terms of reliability and minimal detectable change (MDC). OBJECTIVE: To compare within-session reliability, intersession reliability, and MDCs of peak knee angles and moments between walking and squatting in the workplace. METHODS: Three-dimensional markerless motion capture and force plates recorded gait and squat trials for twenty-one female early childhood educators [age: 41.6 yrs (10.7), BMI: 29.3 kg/m(2) (7.7); mean (SD)] before, and immediately following, their work shift. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC(2,2)) for reliabilities and MDCs were calculated from two trials or averages each session for peak knee flexion and peak knee adduction angles and moments. RESULTS: Within-session reliability was poor to excellent for gait (ICC(2,2)=0.24-0.94) and moderate to excellent for squats (ICC(2,2)=0.52-0.99). Intersession reliability was moderate to excellent for gait (ICC(2,2)=0.59-0.96) and poor to excellent for squats (ICC(2,2)=0.05-0.96). MDCs for peak knee joint angles and moments ranged from 1.6 to 9.9 degrees and 0.09-0.84 Nm/kg for gait, and 3.7 to 10.2 degrees and 0.05-0.24 Nm/kg for squats, respectively. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: Within-session and intersession reliability for peak knee outcomes was higher for squatting compared to gait, and peak knee moments had reduced within-session reliability compared to the peak knee angles. Squat peak knee flexion and adduction angles exceeded the 5 degrees MDC threshold, suggesting that larger differences are required to be interpreted as meaningful. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Hallman, Sarah M J AU - Hallman SMJ AD - Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, 200 University Avenue West, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. Electronic address: sarah.hallman@uwaterloo.ca. FAU - Peckett, Kimberly H AU - Peckett KH AD - Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, 200 University Avenue West, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. Electronic address: khpeckett@uwaterloo.ca. FAU - Acker, Stacey M AU - Acker SM AD - Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, 200 University Avenue West, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada; Rehabilitation Sciences, McMaster University, Canada; Mechanical Engineering, Queen's University, Canada. Electronic address: stacey.acker@uwaterloo.ca. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20260622 PL - England TA - Gait Posture JT - Gait & posture JID - 9416830 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Motion Capture MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Biomechanical Phenomena MH - *Knee Joint/physiology MH - Adult MH - *Gait/physiology MH - Range of Motion, Articular/physiology MH - Workplace MH - *Posture/physiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Early Childhood Educators OT - Knee OT - Markerless Motion Capture OT - Minimal Detectable Change OT - Reliability COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Stacey Acker reports financial support was provided by Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. Stacey Acker reports financial support was provided by Canadian Foundation for Innovation. Sarah Hallman reports financial support was provided by NSERC. Sarah Hallman reports financial support was provided by Ontario Ministry of Colleges and Universities. Kimberly Peckett reports financial support was provided by Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. Kimberly Peckett reports financial support was provided by Ontario Ministry of Colleges and Universities. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/06/28 00:36 MHDA- 2026/08/22 23:43 CRDT- 2026/06/27 18:08 PHST- 2026/02/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/22 23:43 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/28 00:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/27 18:08 [entrez] AID - S0966-6362(26)00176-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2026.110266 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Gait Posture. 2026 Oct;130:110266. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2026.110266. Epub 2026 Jun 22. PMID- 42364371 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260911 LR - 20260911 IS - 1476-5616 (Electronic) IS - 0033-3506 (Linking) VI - 258 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Age-dependent performance of obesity measures in screening for cardiometabolic risk over the lifespan. PG - 106399 LID - S0033-3506(26)00268-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.puhe.2026.106399 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: To evaluate age-specific associations of body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) with cardiometabolic risk and to explore potential age- and sex-specific screening thresholds. STUDY DESIGN: This cross-sectional study included 58,712 participants from the NHANES in the United States from 1999 to 2020. METHODS: Using data from 58,712 participants (aged 12-85 years) from NHANES 1999-2020, we analyzed age-stratified associations between obesity metrics (BMI, WHtR) and cardiometabolic risk (hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes). We used subsample population weights to produce estimates representative of the U.S. POPULATION: Covariates included demographics, lifestyle, socioeconomic factors, and medication use. Logistic regression, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and population attributable fraction were used. Exploratory age- and sex-specific screening thresholds were estimated using Youden's index. RESULTS: ROC analysis suggested that the discriminative performance of both BMI and WHtR for identifying prevalent cardiometabolic risk decreased with increasing age. The association between adiposity measures and prevalent cardiometabolic risk appeared to attenuate with age, as reflected by lower odds ratios and population attributable fractions. Nonlinear, J-shaped cross-sectional associations of BMI and WHtR with cardiometabolic risk were observed, particularly among older adults, in whom the risk appeared to plateau at higher adiposity levels. The screening performance of conventional obesity thresholds varied across age groups. The exploratory age- and sex-specific thresholds based on the maximum Youden index showed relatively balanced sensitivity and specificity, but require prospective validation. CONCLUSIONS: BMI and WHtR exhibited nonlinear associations with cardiometabolic risk. The strength of these associations and their discriminative performance appeared to decrease with age, suggesting that age- and sex-specific screening thresholds may warrant further investigation. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Royal Society for Public Health. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Xue, Yongxi AU - Xue Y AD - Center for Non-communicable Disease Management, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China. FAU - Qi, Qianjin AU - Qi Q AD - Center for Non-communicable Disease Management, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China. FAU - Gao, Chaonan AU - Gao C AD - Center for Non-communicable Disease Management, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China. FAU - Meng, Xin AU - Meng X AD - Center for Non-communicable Disease Management, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China. FAU - Liu, Wei AU - Liu W AD - Center for Non-communicable Disease Management, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China. FAU - Yan, Yinkun AU - Yan Y AD - Center for Non-communicable Disease Management, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China. Electronic address: ykyan2011@163.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260627 PL - Netherlands TA - Public Health JT - Public health JID - 0376507 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Aged MH - *Obesity/epidemiology/diagnosis MH - Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Body Mass Index MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - United States/epidemiology MH - Young Adult MH - *Cardiometabolic Risk Factors MH - Waist-Height Ratio MH - Nutrition Surveys MH - Child MH - Age Factors MH - *Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology MH - *Mass Screening OTO - NOTNLM OT - BMI OT - Cardiometabolic risk OT - Life-course epidemiology OT - Obesity OT - Waist-to-height ratio COIS- Declaration of competing interests The authors declared no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/28 04:09 MHDA- 2026/09/11 23:36 CRDT- 2026/06/27 18:04 PHST- 2025/11/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/11 23:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/28 04:09 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/27 18:04 [entrez] AID - S0033-3506(26)00268-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.puhe.2026.106399 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Public Health. 2026 Sep;258:106399. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2026.106399. Epub 2026 Jun 27. PMID- 42363556 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260628 LR - 20260916 IS - 1536-5964 (Electronic) IS - 0025-7974 (Print) IS - 0025-7974 (Linking) VI - 105 IP - 26 DP - 2026 Jun 26 TI - Association between body fat indices and female infertility: A cross-sectional study. PG - e49327 LID - 10.1097/MD.0000000000049327 [doi] LID - e49327 AB - Excess body fat and its distribution are known to influence female reproductive function; however, the relationship between emerging body fat-related indices and infertility remains insufficiently explored. This study aimed to investigate the association between the Conicity Index (C-index), Relative Fat Mass (RFM), and Metabolic Score for Visceral Fat (METS-VF) and infertility among women of reproductive age in the United States. The study included women aged 18 to 45 years and assessed infertility using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey question RHQ074 on reproductive health. Multivariable logistic regression, adjusted for confounders, was used to analyze the association between body fat indices and infertility risk. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was conducted to evaluate each metric's predictive strength. Of 1103 women, 132 reported infertility. Infertile women had higher C-index (1.3 vs 1.27), RFM (43 vs 40), and METS-VF (8.24 vs 7.37) than fertile women. Each 1-unit increase in these indices was associated with higher odds of infertility (C-index odds ratio [OR] = 2.73, RFM OR = 1.07, METS-VF OR = 1.28). METS-VF had the highest predictive value (area under the curve = 0.65), as confirmed by random forest analysis. Positive associations between infertility and C-index, RFM, and METS-VF suggest that these indices could help assess infertility risk and support targeted reproductive health interventions. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. FAU - Huang, Li AU - Huang L AD - Academy for Educational Development and Innovation, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China. AD - Puding No. 2 Middle School, Anshun, Guizhou, People's Republic of China. FAU - Yang, Wei Jing AU - Yang WJ AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-6704-7014 AD - Department of Gynecology, Puding County People's Hospital, Anshun, Guizhou, People's Republic of China. FAU - Kuang, Gui Rong AU - Kuang GR AD - Department of Reproductive Medicine, Anshun People's Hospital, Anshun, Guizhou, People's Republic of China. FAU - Li, Xiang Yan AU - Li XY AD - Department of Gynecology, Puding County People's Hospital, Anshun, Guizhou, People's Republic of China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Medicine (Baltimore) JT - Medicine JID - 2985248R SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Infertility, Female/epidemiology/etiology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adult MH - Body Mass Index MH - Intra-Abdominal Fat MH - Nutrition Surveys MH - Middle Aged MH - Young Adult MH - United States/epidemiology MH - ROC Curve MH - Adolescent MH - Risk Factors MH - Obesity/complications MH - *Adipose Tissue PMC - PMC13313760 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Conicity Index (C-index) OT - Metabolic Score for Visceral Fat (METS-VF) OT - NHANES OT - Relative Fat Mass Index (RFM) OT - infertility COIS- The authors have no funding and conflicts of interest to disclose. EDAT- 2026/06/27 10:10 MHDA- 2026/06/28 10:11 PMCR- 2026/06/26 CRDT- 2026/06/27 01:00 PHST- 2026/02/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/28 10:11 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/27 10:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/27 01:00 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 00005792-202606260-00109 [pii] AID - MD-D-26-01949 [pii] AID - 10.1097/MD.0000000000049327 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Medicine (Baltimore). 2026 Jun 26;105(26):e49327. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000049327. PMID- 42363402 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260813 LR - 20260815 IS - 1097-4598 (Electronic) IS - 0148-639X (Print) IS - 0148-639X (Linking) VI - 74 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Sep TI - The Use of the Four Square Step Test and the 10-m Walk/Run Test to Determine Fall Risk in Children With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. PG - 740-746 LID - 10.1002/mus.70325 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION/AIMS: The identification of the risk of falling in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is essential for the implementation of timely preventive approaches. This study aimed to examine the ability of the four square step test (FSST) and the 10-m walk/run test (10MWRT) to discriminate between fallers and non-fallers in children with DMD. METHODS: Ninety-five children with DMD were included in this study. Functional level was determined with the Vignos Scale. Children who had fallen at least once in the previous month were categorized as "fallers" (n = 50), while those who had not fallen were categorized as "non-fallers" (n = 45). The FSST and 10MWRT were performed. The Mann-Whitney U test was performed to examine group differences in the FSST and 10MWRT scores. The predictive values of the FSST and 10MWRT were determined with receiver operating characteristic curves. RESULTS: The demographic characteristics of fallers (median age: 9.50 years; median body mass index [BMI]: 19.02 kg/m(2)) and non-fallers (median age: 9.00 years; median BMI: 17.95) were similar (p > 0.05). Fallers demonstrated lower functional levels compared with non-fallers (p < 0.001). The FSST for fallers was 20.04 +/- 12.57 s while that for non-fallers was 11.44 +/- 2.94 s with a cut-off point of 13.10 s (p < 0.05). The 10MWRT for fallers and non-fallers were 9.42 +/- 4.77 and 5.36 +/- 2.10 s, respectively, with a cut-off point of 5.60 s (p < 0.05). DISCUSSION: The two outcome measures were shown to be sensitive and specific in determining the risk of falls in children with DMD. The cut-off points may guide professionals in planning a proactive rehabilitation program to reduce fall risk or minimize subsequent injuries. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Muscle & Nerve published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Bulut, Numan AU - Bulut N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5427-1103 AD - Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Aldirmaz, Esra AU - Aldirmaz E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2132-4541 AD - Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. AD - Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Final International University, Mersin, Turkey. FAU - Alemdaroglu-Gurbuz, Ipek AU - Alemdaroglu-Gurbuz I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5556-6608 AD - Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Tunca, Oznur AU - Tunca O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0855-9541 AD - Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260626 PL - United States TA - Muscle Nerve JT - Muscle & nerve JID - 7803146 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/physiopathology/diagnosis MH - *Accidental Falls/prevention & control MH - Child MH - Male MH - *Walking/physiology MH - Female MH - *Exercise Test/methods MH - ROC Curve MH - *Walk Test/methods MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13471885 OTO - NOTNLM OT - fall OT - gait OT - muscular dystrophy OT - physical therapy OT - timed functional test COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/27 10:10 MHDA- 2026/08/13 12:42 PMCR- 2026/08/13 CRDT- 2026/06/27 00:04 PHST- 2026/05/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/06/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/13 12:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/27 10:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/27 00:04 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - MUS70325 [pii] AID - 10.1002/mus.70325 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Muscle Nerve. 2026 Sep;74(3):740-746. doi: 10.1002/mus.70325. Epub 2026 Jun 26. PMID- 42363297 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260920 LR - 20260923 IS - 2055-0928 (Electronic) IS - 2055-0928 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 26 TI - Effects of an infant formula containing a whey protein concentrate on feeding tolerance and markers of intestinal immune defense in Chinese infants. LID - 10.1186/s40795-026-01395-0 [doi] LID - 194 AB - BACKGROUND: Human milk (HM) bioactive components can have immune modulatory functions, impact the gut microbiome, and may result in functional benefits when added to infant formula (IF). In this single-arm, prospective, intervention study, we tested the effectiveness of an IF with a whey protein concentrate co-enriched in alpha-lactalbumin, milk fat globule membrane (MFGM), and Sn-2 palmitate resulting in protein and lipid profiles observed in HM. The outcomes tested were feeding tolerance, Bifidobacteria abundance, and intestinal and immune health of Chinese infants. METHODS: Predominantly formula-fed (FF) and breastfed (BF) infants were enrolled between 3 and 28 days and assigned to the FF (N = 60) or BF (N = 60) group, per their feeding practice, for 6 weeks. The primary endpoint was Infant Gastrointestinal Symptom Questionnaire (IGSQ) index score assessed using a validated IGSQ-13 questionnaire after 6 weeks of intervention; non-inferiority of FF vs BF was tested. Secondary endpoints included fecal Bifidobacteria abundance assessed using shotgun metagenomics sequencing; fecal short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry; fecal markers of immune response, inflammation, intestinal barrier integrity (secretory immunoglobulin A sIgA), cytokines, calprotectin, alpha1 antitrypsin, lipocalin-2) assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; stool consistency assessed using gastrointestinal (GI) diary; anthropometric assessments; quality of life; physician reported adverse events; and use of medications. RESULTS: Good GI tolerance was observed in both groups at V2 (mean +/- SD IGSQ score FF: 19.9 +/- 7.4; BF: 16.8 +/- 4.2); difference of means 1.35 [95% CI: -1.312, 4.012]). After 6 weeks, Bifidobacterium genus relative abundance was not significantly different between the groups. Total SCFAs were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the FF versus BF group, driven by increased levels of valeric and propanoic acids (p < 0.05 for both). The IGSQ domain scores, stool consistency, fecal markers of immunity, inflammation, and intestinal barrier integrity (except lipocalin-2 which was significantly higher in BF vs FF), anthropometric Z-scores, common illnesses, antibiotic use, and adverse events were not significantly different between groups at week 6. CONCLUSIONS: Our results support the effectiveness of this tested infant formula in supporting good GI tolerance, growth, specific intestinal and immune health markers, and Bifidobacteria abundance similar to that of the BF group. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT04880083 (2021-05-06). CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Wang, Ying AU - Wang Y AD - Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. FAU - Liu, Min AU - Liu M AD - Shanghai Public Health Clinical Centre, Shanghai, China. FAU - Dogra, Shaillay Kumar AU - Dogra SK AD - Nestle Research, Societe Des Produits Nestle SA, 1000, Lausanne 26, Switzerland. FAU - Vidal, Karine AU - Vidal K AD - Nestle Research, Societe Des Produits Nestle SA, 1000, Lausanne 26, Switzerland. FAU - Godin, Jean-Philippe AU - Godin JP AD - Nestle Research, Societe Des Produits Nestle SA, 1000, Lausanne 26, Switzerland. FAU - Darwish, Noura AU - Darwish N AD - Clinical Research Unit, Societe Des Produits Nestle SA, 1000, Lausanne, Switzerland. FAU - Wei, Xiaona AU - Wei X AD - Nestle Research, Societe Des Produits Nestle SA, Singapore, 618802, Singapore. FAU - Reymond, Lucas AU - Reymond L AD - Clinical Research Unit, Societe Des Produits Nestle SA, 1000, Lausanne, Switzerland. FAU - Li, Qiaoji AU - Li Q AD - Nestle R&D (China) Ltd, Beijing, 100016, China. FAU - Dong, Jie AU - Dong J AD - Wyeth Nutrition, Shanghai, 200040, China. FAU - Vyllioti, Aikaterini Themis AU - Vyllioti AT AD - Clinical Research Unit, Societe Des Produits Nestle SA, 1000, Lausanne, Switzerland. FAU - Bettler, Jodi AU - Bettler J AD - Nestle Product Technology Center-Nutrition, Societe Des Produits Nestle SA, 1800, Vevey, Switzerland. FAU - Kennedy, Elaine AU - Kennedy E AD - Nestle Development Centre Nutrition, Wyeth Nutritionals Ireland Ltd., Askeaton, Co. Limerick, Ireland. FAU - Wang, Keqing AU - Wang K AD - BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China. FAU - Zhai, Qiangrong AU - Zhai Q AD - BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China. FAU - O'Regan, Jonathan AU - O'Regan J AD - Nestle Development Centre Nutrition, Wyeth Nutritionals Ireland Ltd., Askeaton, Co. Limerick, Ireland. FAU - Samuel, Tinu Mary AU - Samuel TM AD - Nestle Product Technology Center-Nutrition, Societe Des Produits Nestle SA, 1800, Vevey, Switzerland. FAU - Cai, Wei AU - Cai W AD - Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. caiw204@sjtu.edu.cn. AD - Shanghai Institute of Pediatric Research, Shanghai, China. caiw204@sjtu.edu.cn. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT04880083 PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260626 PL - England TA - BMC Nutr JT - BMC nutrition JID - 101672434 PMC - PMC13591888 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bifidobacteria OT - Sn-2-palmitate OT - Gastrointestinal tolerance OT - Growth OT - Infant formula OT - Intestinal and immune health OT - MFGM OT - alpha-lactalbumin COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the ethics committees at the two institutions in China which were the Ethics Committee of Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (XHEC-C-2020-053-1, and the Ethics Committee of Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center (2020-E151-01, respectively and conducted in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki and the International Conference on Harmonization Guidelines for Good Clinical Practice. This study was also approved by the Human Genetic Resource Administrative Committee of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China according to the applicable regulation before the study was initiated. Prior to enrollment, parent(s)/legally authorized representative provided written informed consent. This trial was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04880083). Competing interests: TMS, SKD, KV, JPG, ND, XW, LR, QL, JD, JB, EK, and JR are employees of Societe des Produits Nestle S.A., the sponsors of this trial. ATV was an employee of Societe des Produits Nestle S.A. at the time the study was conducted. KW, QZ are employees of Beijing Genomics Institute, with whom Nestle had a service agreement. YW, ML and WC received a grant from Nestle to conduct the study. The investigational products were provided by Wyeth Nutritional (China) Co., Limited. Consent for publication: Not applicable as the manuscript does not contain data from any individual person. EDAT- 2026/06/27 04:10 MHDA- 2026/06/27 04:11 PMCR- 2026/06/26 CRDT- 2026/06/26 23:51 PHST- 2024/05/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 04:11 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/27 04:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/26 23:51 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s40795-026-01395-0 [pii] AID - 1395 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s40795-026-01395-0 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Nutr. 2026 Jun 26;12(1):194. doi: 10.1186/s40795-026-01395-0. PMID- 42362956 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260628 LR - 20261010 IS - 1432-1076 (Electronic) IS - 0340-6199 (Linking) VI - 185 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jun 27 TI - Feasibility of image-based 3D avatar anthropometry assessment of pediatric obesity: a pilot study. LID - 534 [pii] LID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07187-9 [doi] AB - The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility and validity of 3D avatar-based anthropometry for assessing anthropometric indicators of overweight and obesity in children based on artificial intelligence-derived 3D body reconstruction. This cross-sectional study included 171 children aged 8-10 years from five primary schools in southern Spain. Due to technical constraints of the reconstruction software, 75 children meeting predefined image quality and body weight requirements (>/= 30 kg) were eligible for 3D avatar analysis. Manual anthropometric measurements were obtained following International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry (ISAK) standards and compared with avatar-derived circumferences. Agreement was assessed by using Wilcoxon tests, Spearman correlations, Bland-Altman analyses, and false discovery rate-adjusted comparisons. Avatar-derived circumferences were consistently greater than manual measurements, although waist-to-hip and waist-to-stature ratios demonstrated no significant differences. Avatar and manual circumferences were moderately to strongly correlated (Spearman's rho = 0.62-0.72; adjusted p < 0.05). However, the mean absolute errors ranged from 6.21 to 7.11 cm, and Bland-Altman analysis revealed systematic overestimation with wide limits of agreement, particularly for waist and hip circumferences. Despite these discrepancies, both methods similarly discriminated between weight status categories. CONCLUSION: Image-based 3D avatar anthropometry is a feasible, noninvasive approach for population-level screening and research in pediatric settings. Although the system reliably captures relative differences and body proportions, its current accuracy is insufficient for individual-level clinical assessment. Further algorithmic refinement and validation in lighter and more diverse pediatric populations are needed before clinical implementation. WHAT IS KNOWN: * Childhood obesity remains a major public health challenge requiring accurate monitoring. * Anthropometric assessment still relies mainly on manual measurements, while AI-based 3D body modeling offers a promising non-invasive alternative. WHAT IS NEW: * Image-based 3D avatar anthropometry is feasible in school settings but is constrained by technical requirements. * Avatar measurements are correlated with manual anthropometry and preserve weight status discrimination but demonstrate systematic overestimation and limited agreement. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Del Mar Ucles-Torrente, Maria AU - Del Mar Ucles-Torrente M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-3057-9062 AD - Department of Nursing, Pharmacology and Physiotherapy, University of Cordoba, Campus Menendez Pidal, 14071, Cordoba, Spain. AD - GE10 Clinical and Epidemiological Research in Primary Care (GICEAP), Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba, 14071, Cordoba, Spain. AD - Biomedicine Program, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain. FAU - Ruiz-Gamarra, Gema Esperanza AU - Ruiz-Gamarra GE AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-6124-2896 AD - GE10 Clinical and Epidemiological Research in Primary Care (GICEAP), Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba, 14071, Cordoba, Spain. AD - Biomedicine Program, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain. AD - Clinical Management Unit, Health Center, Dr. Trujillo Street, Palma del Rio, 14700, Cordoba, Spain. FAU - Alcalde-Llergo, Jose Manuel AU - Alcalde-Llergo JM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3607-260X AD - Computer Science, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, 14071, Cordoba, Andalucia, Spain. FAU - Vaquero-Alvarez, Manuel AU - Vaquero-Alvarez M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9730-6310 AD - GC09 Nutrigenomics, Metabolic Syndrome, Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba, 14071, Cordoba, Spain. AD - Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Cordoba, 14071, Cordoba, Spain. FAU - Blancas-Sanchez, Isabel Maria AU - Blancas-Sanchez IM AD - GC09 Nutrigenomics, Metabolic Syndrome, Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba, 14071, Cordoba, Spain. AD - Occidente Azahara Healthcare Center Cordoba, 14011, Cordoba, Spain. FAU - Aparicio-Martinez, Pilar AU - Aparicio-Martinez P AD - Department of Nursing, Pharmacology and Physiotherapy, University of Cordoba, Campus Menendez Pidal, 14071, Cordoba, Spain. n32apmap@uco.es. AD - GE10 Clinical and Epidemiological Research in Primary Care (GICEAP), Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba, 14071, Cordoba, Spain. n32apmap@uco.es. FAU - Vaquero-Abellan, Manuel AU - Vaquero-Abellan M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0602-317X AD - Department of Nursing, Pharmacology and Physiotherapy, University of Cordoba, Campus Menendez Pidal, 14071, Cordoba, Spain. AD - GE10 Clinical and Epidemiological Research in Primary Care (GICEAP), Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba, 14071, Cordoba, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260627 PL - Germany TA - Eur J Pediatr JT - European journal of pediatrics JID - 7603873 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Pilot Projects MH - *Avatar MH - Female MH - Feasibility Studies MH - Male MH - *Anthropometry/methods MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Imaging, Three-Dimensional/methods MH - *Pediatric Obesity/diagnosis MH - Spain MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Artificial Intelligence OTO - NOTNLM OT - 3D avatar-based anthropometry OT - Modeling OT - Obesity OT - Pediatric OT - Photometric COIS- Declarations. Ethical Approval: The study was approved by the Bioethics Committee of the Reina Sofia University Hospital of Cordoba (Approval number: 5864). Informed consent: All of the participants and their parents/legal guardians received detailed information about the objectives, risks, and benefits of the study and provided written informed consent. Participation was voluntary, and participants could withdraw at any time without justification. Consent to participate: All of the participants provided consent to participate. Consent to publish: All of the participants gave permission for data use and later publication. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interest. EDAT- 2026/06/27 00:58 MHDA- 2026/06/28 07:10 CRDT- 2026/06/26 23:26 PHST- 2026/01/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/28 07:10 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/27 00:58 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/26 23:26 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07187-9 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07187-9 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Eur J Pediatr. 2026 Jun 27;185(7):534. doi: 10.1007/s00431-026-07187-9. PMID- 42362911 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260726 IS - 1559-064X (Electronic) IS - 1559-0631 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jun 26 TI - Diet and mycoestrogen exposure in a pregnancy cohort: the Jersey Babies pilot study. LID - 10.1038/s41370-026-00940-0 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Zearalenone (ZEN) is a grain-contaminating mycotoxin and potent estrogen receptor agonist linked to reproductive and perinatal disruption in animal models, with emerging epidemiologic evidence in humans. Despite widespread U.S. exposure, dietary sources remain unclear. OBJECTIVE: This pilot study assessed prenatal mycoestrogen exposure and related dietary sources in a U.S. pregnant cohort. METHODS: Pregnant women (n = 33) recruited in New Brunswick, NJ provided urine samples and completed time-matched 24-h dietary recalls at three points across pregnancy (Visit 1: 18-20 weeks; Visit 2: 24-26 weeks and Visit 3: 28-32 weeks gestation). Urinary mycoestrogens were quantified using LC/MSMS and corrected for specific gravity. RESULTS: At least one ZEN metabolite was detected in every sample (Visit, median: 1: 0.058 ng/mg; 2: 0.042 ng/mg; 3: 0.055 ng/mg), and intraclass correlation coefficients among detected metabolites ranged from 0.62 to 0.95. Across visits, Hispanic participants (39%) had 52-109% higher mycoestrogen concentrations compared to non-Hispanic participants (p < 0.05). Consumption of corn and other grain products within the past 24 h was strongly correlated with urinary concentrations of ZEN and its metabolites (r: 0.30-0.92; p < 0.05), with weaker positive correlations observed for oils and popcorn. SIGNIFICANCE: Given robust toxicologic evidence and emerging epidemiologic findings suggesting adverse maternal and child health impacts, identifying key exposure pathways is critical. IMPACT: This pilot study identifies corn and cereal-based foods as key contributors to ZEN prenatal exposure and highlights higher concentrations among Hispanic participants. By clarifying exposure pathways, these findings support improved food-safety monitoring and targeted strategies to reduce endocrine-disrupting chemical exposures during pregnancy. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Rivera-Nunez, Zorimar AU - Rivera-Nunez Z AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0718-1807 AD - Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA. zorimar.nunez@rutgers.edu. AD - Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA. zorimar.nunez@rutgers.edu. FAU - Kinkade, Carolyn W AU - Kinkade CW AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8549-5553 AD - Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA. FAU - Juenke, Alyssa AU - Juenke A AD - Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA. FAU - Hansel, Megan AU - Hansel M AD - Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA. FAU - Heltberg, Daniel AU - Heltberg D AD - Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA. AD - School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK. FAU - Sharada, Aditi AU - Sharada A AD - Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA. FAU - Anthony, Shabree AU - Anthony S AD - Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA. FAU - Brinker, Anita AU - Brinker A AD - Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA. FAU - Fields, Jessica AU - Fields J AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital, New Brunswick, NJ, USA. FAU - Rosen, Todd AU - Rosen T AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital, New Brunswick, NJ, USA. FAU - Palomares, Kristy AU - Palomares K AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Peter's University Hospital, New Brunswick, NJ, USA. FAU - Buckley, Brian AU - Buckley B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7336-4321 AD - Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA. FAU - Aleksunes, Lauren M AU - Aleksunes LM AD - Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA. AD - Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA. FAU - Barrett, Emily S AU - Barrett ES AD - Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA. AD - Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA. LA - eng GR - P30 ES005022/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 ES037903/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 ES007148/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260626 PL - United States TA - J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol JT - Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology JID - 101262796 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Biomonitoring OT - Dietary exposure OT - Mycoestrogen OT - Mycotoxin OT - Pregnancy OT - Zearalenone COIS- Competing interests: ZRN, CWK, LMA and ESB mycoestrogen work has been funded by the NIH. Other authors declare no potential competing interests. Ethical approval: All study protocols were approved by the Rutgers and SPUH Institutional Review Boards and participants signed written informed consent before engaging in any study activities. EDAT- 2026/06/27 00:49 MHDA- 2026/06/27 00:49 CRDT- 2026/06/26 23:25 PHST- 2026/03/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/27 00:49 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/27 00:49 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/26 23:25 [entrez] AID - 10.1038/s41370-026-00940-0 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41370-026-00940-0 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2026 Jun 26. doi: 10.1038/s41370-026-00940-0. PMID- 42362717 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260626 IS - 1476-5497 (Electronic) IS - 0307-0565 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jun 26 TI - Prevalence and biopsychosocial factors associated with overweight and obesity in adults with type 1 diabetes. LID - 10.1038/s41366-026-02147-7 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: To describe the prevalence of overweight and obesity in adults living with type 1 diabetes and examine the association between biopsychosocial factors according to weight status. METHODS: A single-center, cross-sectional study was conducted in adults with type 1 diabetes attending a tertiary hospital between 2018 and 2020. Participants completed an online survey with validated questionnaires to assess physical activity; measure anxiety and depression; evaluate the perception of health-related quality of life [Spanish version of Diabetes Quality of Life Questionnaire (EsDQoL)], assess eating disorders [Spanish version of Diabetes Eating Problem Survey (EPAD-R)] and measure neuroticism. Sociodemographic data and information from the last outpatient visit regarding diabetes history, long-term complications, current insulin therapy, anthropometric measurements and laboratory data were also included. RESULTS: Data from 459 surveys were available for analysis. Participants had a mean (SD) of age of 44.7 (14.0) years; 55.6% were women; BMI 26.0 (4.7) kg/m(2) and the HbA(1c) was 7.57%. The prevalence of overweight (BMI 25-29.9 kg/m(2)) and obesity (BMI > 30 kg/m(2)) was 38.8% and 14.8%, respectively, with 10.6% being class I (30-34.9 kg/m(2)), 2.2% class II (35-39.9 kg/m(2)) and 2.0% class III (>40 kg/m(2)). Older age, living with a child/children, a higher EPAD-R score, a higher total insulin doses, receiving lipid-lowering therapy, and a higher EsDQoL score in the diabetes-related worries dimension were associated with a greater likelihood of living with obesity. CONCLUSIONS: Overweight and obesity are highly prevalent among adults living with type 1 diabetes, and the identified biopsychosocial factors reveals how excess weight arises from complex interactions among demographic, clinical, and psychological influences. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited. FAU - Tundidor, Diana AU - Tundidor D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8629-9706 AD - Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Obesity Section, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Diabetes Unit, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabolicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Blanco, Jesus AU - Blanco J AD - Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Diabetes Unit, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Canizares, Silvia AU - Canizares S AD - Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology Department, Section of Clinical Health Psychology, Clinical Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Segui, Nuria AU - Segui N AD - Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Obesity Section, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Diabetes Unit, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Obach, Amadeu AU - Obach A AD - Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology Department, Section of Clinical Health Psychology, Clinical Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Molero, Judith AU - Molero J AD - Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Obesity Section, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Conget, Ignacio AU - Conget I AD - Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Diabetes Unit, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabolicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain. AD - Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Gimenez, Marga AU - Gimenez M AD - Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Diabetes Unit, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabolicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain. AD - Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Vidal, Josep AU - Vidal J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4564-4518 AD - Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Obesity Section, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabolicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain. AD - Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Flores, Lilliam AU - Flores L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5765-8813 AD - Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Obesity Section, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. lflores@clinic.cat. AD - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabolicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain. lflores@clinic.cat. AD - Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain. lflores@clinic.cat. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260626 PL - England TA - Int J Obes (Lond) JT - International journal of obesity (2005) JID - 101256108 SB - IM COIS- Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/27 00:53 MHDA- 2026/06/27 00:53 CRDT- 2026/06/26 23:20 PHST- 2025/04/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/27 00:53 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/27 00:53 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/26 23:20 [entrez] AID - 10.1038/s41366-026-02147-7 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41366-026-02147-7 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Int J Obes (Lond). 2026 Jun 26. doi: 10.1038/s41366-026-02147-7. PMID- 42362716 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261009 LR - 20261011 IS - 1476-5497 (Electronic) IS - 0307-0565 (Print) IS - 0307-0565 (Linking) VI - 50 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Reassessing BMI thresholds for obesity: a population-based study in Turkish adults. PG - 1988-1994 LID - 10.1038/s41366-026-02142-y [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The global prevalence of obesity has been steadily increasing, posing major public health challenges. Current universal BMI cut-off points may not accurately reflect obesity risk across different ethnicities, including the Turkish population. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (BF%) and determine appropriate BMI cut-off points for diagnosing obesity in Turkish adults. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among Turkish individuals aged 18-65 in four major districts of Kayseri. Anthropometric measurements were obtained, including height, weight, waist circumference, and hip circumference. Body composition was assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) curve analysis was performed to identify optimal BMI cut-off points for predicting obesity based on BF%. Pearson correlation analysis evaluated the relationship between BMI and BF%. RESULTS: The participants had a mean age of 39.9 +/- 13.3 years, and 51.6% were female. A strong positive correlation between BMI and BF% was found for both women (r = 0.86, p < 0.001) and men (r = 0.68, p < 0.001). The optimal BMI cut-off point for detecting obesity was 28.76 kg/m(2) for the total sample, 28.80 kg/m(2) for women, and 28.76 kg/m(2) for men. Using these new thresholds, the obesity prevalence increased from 27.7% to 33.6%. The AUC values indicated excellent discriminative power for women (AUC = 0.98) and good discriminative power for men (AUC = 0.91). CONCLUSION: The current universal BMI cut-off points (>/=30 kg/m(2)) may underestimate obesity prevalence in the Turkish population. Establishing national and gender-specific BMI thresholds could improve the accuracy of obesity diagnosis and support more effective public health interventions targeting chronic non-communicable diseases. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Zeynep Ozsaydi, Semiha AU - Zeynep Ozsaydi S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0065-9633 AD - Health Directorate of Kayseri, Kayseri, Turkey. FAU - Durmus, Hasan AU - Durmus H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5719-1475 AD - Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey. hasandurmus@erciyes.edu.tr. FAU - Tekdemir, Leyla AU - Tekdemir L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5130-4237 AD - Health Directorate of Kayseri, Kayseri, Turkey. FAU - Ozsaydi, Seckin AU - Ozsaydi S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8350-288X AD - Health Directorate of Kayseri, Kayseri, Turkey. FAU - Borlu, Arda AU - Borlu A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1424-8037 AD - Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey. FAU - Oner, Neslihan AU - Oner N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6773-4963 AD - Erciyes University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Kayseri, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260626 PL - England TA - Int J Obes (Lond) JT - International journal of obesity (2005) JID - 101256108 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Body Mass Index MH - Female MH - Turkey/epidemiology MH - Male MH - Adult MH - *Obesity/epidemiology/diagnosis MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Middle Aged MH - Prevalence MH - Body Composition MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - ROC Curve MH - Electric Impedance MH - Aged MH - Waist Circumference MH - Reference Values PMC - PMC13649583 COIS- Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Ethical approval: Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Erciyes University Clinical Research Ethics Committee (Approval No: 2024/212). All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations (e.g., Declaration of Helsinki). Informed consent: Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to their participation in the study. EDAT- 2026/06/27 04:10 MHDA- 2026/10/09 05:30 PMCR- 2026/06/26 CRDT- 2026/06/26 23:20 PHST- 2025/04/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/10/09 05:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/27 04:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/26 23:20 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41366-026-02142-y [pii] AID - 2142 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41366-026-02142-y [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Obes (Lond). 2026 Sep;50(9):1988-1994. doi: 10.1038/s41366-026-02142-y. Epub 2026 Jun 26. PMID- 42362648 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260626 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jun 26 TI - Gastric ultrasound reveals no association between prolonged fasting duration and gastric residual volume in pediatric patients. LID - 10.1038/s41598-026-57602-2 [doi] AB - Prolonged preoperative fasting is common in pediatric anesthesia, yet its effect on gastric residual volume (GRV) remains inadequately explored. We conducted a prospective cross-sectional study to examine the association between prolonged fasting duration and GRV measured using point-of-care gastric ultrasonography. A total of 491 children aged 1-12 years scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia after fasting more than 8 h were included. GRV was measured using point-of-care gastric ultrasonography and calculated using a validated formula, then normalized to body weight. The primary endpoint was the association between fasting duration and weight-adjusted GRV (GRV/WT). Among the participants (median age 89 months; 308 boys), fifteen patients (3.05%) had a stomach at risk of aspiration (GRV/WT > 1.25 mL kg(-1)) and 29 (5.91%) showed high-risk gastric antrum morphology. Spearman correlation analysis demonstrated no significant association between prolonged fasting duration and GRV/WT (rho = 0.037, 95% CI: - 0.054 to 0.128, p = 0.41). GRV/WT correlated positively with age and negatively with body mass index. These findings suggest that prolonged preoperative fasting does not independently associate with GRV in pediatric patients. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Wu, Qingda AU - Wu Q AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China. FAU - Liu, Bin AU - Liu B AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China. AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Heyou Hospital, Foshan, China. FAU - Wang, Zhouwu AU - Wang Z AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China. FAU - Chen, Lingzhi AU - Chen L AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China. FAU - Liu, Hao AU - Liu H AD - Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China. AD - Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Zou, Qi AU - Zou Q AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China. FAU - Zhao, Yongzhen AU - Zhao Y AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China. FAU - Ding, Zhenhao AU - Ding Z AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China. FAU - Chen, Lu AU - Chen L AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China. chenlu200505399@163.com. FAU - Zheng, Zhenwei AU - Zheng Z AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China. wind_8228@163.com. LA - eng GR - No.72 [2024] - 159/Shantou Medical Health Science and Technology Project (CN)/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260626 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Fasting OT - Gastric residual volume OT - Gastric ultrasonography OT - Pediatric COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Ethical approval: Institutional Review Board approval was obtained. EDAT- 2026/06/27 04:10 MHDA- 2026/06/27 04:10 CRDT- 2026/06/26 23:18 PHST- 2026/03/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 04:10 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/27 04:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/26 23:18 [entrez] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-57602-2 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-57602-2 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Sci Rep. 2026 Jun 26. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-57602-2. PMID- 42362166 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260822 LR - 20260822 IS - 1873-6513 (Electronic) IS - 0885-3924 (Linking) VI - 72 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Perceived Stigma, Psychological Distress, and Symptom Burden in Decompensated Cirrhosis. PG - 457-466.e2 LID - S0885-3924(26)00860-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2026.06.021 [doi] AB - CONTEXT: Despite perceived stigma's impact in HIV, mental illness, and obesity, its association with adverse outcomes in decompensated cirrhosis (DC) remains under-investigated. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to quantify liver-related perceived stigma and examine its associations with patient-reported psychological distress and symptom burden among patients with DC. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study of outpatients with DC from August 2018 to September 2022. Participants completed validated instruments: the four-item perceived stigma domain from the Short-Form Liver Disease Quality of Life questionnaire (range 0-100; reverse-scored where higher scores = greater stigma), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (0-21; scores >/=8: clinically significant anxiety and depression symptoms), and the Revised Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (0-100; scores >/=40: moderate-to-severe burden). We used multivariable linear regression adjusted for age, gender, etiology, and DC severity. RESULTS: Among 218/312 (70%) eligible patients (median age 60 [interquartile range 51-65]; 54% male; 58% alcohol-related; median MELD-Na 16), mean stigma score was 34.3 (standard deviation 26.3). Greater stigma was reported by those with advanced disease (Child-Pugh A vs. B vs. C: 19.4 vs. 32.2 vs. 42.2; P = 0.001) and younger patients (18-44 vs. 45-64 vs. >/=65: 38.6 vs. 37.1 vs. 26.2; P = 0.019). In adjusted analyses, greater stigma was independently associated with higher depression symptoms (beta = 0.08, P < 0.001), anxiety symptoms (beta = 0.07, P < 0.001), and symptom burden (beta = 0.33, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with DC, younger adults and those with advanced disease reported greater perceived stigma, independently associated with higher psychological distress and symptom burden. These findings highlight perceived stigma as a modifiable target for palliative care-focused interventions to improve patient-reported outcomes in DC. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 American Academy of Hospice and Palliative Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Bromfield, Brittany AU - Bromfield B AD - Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (B.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Zeng, Chengbo AU - Zeng C AD - Patient Reported Outcomes, Values, and Experience (PROVE) Center (C.Z.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Ojeaburu, Leslie AU - Ojeaburu L AD - Department of Medicine (L.O.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Mason, Nancy AU - Mason N AD - Division of Palliative Care and Geriatric Medicine (N.M., K.G.E., M.R., S.K., K.O., M.S.D.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Engel, Kirsten G AU - Engel KG AD - Division of Palliative Care and Geriatric Medicine (N.M., K.G.E., M.R., S.K., K.O., M.S.D.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Rowland, Michaela AU - Rowland M AD - Division of Palliative Care and Geriatric Medicine (N.M., K.G.E., M.R., S.K., K.O., M.S.D.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Kenimer, Sara AU - Kenimer S AD - Division of Palliative Care and Geriatric Medicine (N.M., K.G.E., M.R., S.K., K.O., M.S.D.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - O'Brien, Karen AU - O'Brien K AD - Division of Palliative Care and Geriatric Medicine (N.M., K.G.E., M.R., S.K., K.O., M.S.D.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Diop, Michelle S AU - Diop MS AD - Division of Palliative Care and Geriatric Medicine (N.M., K.G.E., M.R., S.K., K.O., M.S.D.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Donlan, John AU - Donlan J AD - Department of Internal Medicine (J.D.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Indriolo, Teresa AU - Indriolo T AD - Division of Pain Medicine (T.I.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA. FAU - Li, Lucinda AU - Li L AD - Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA (L.L.), Los Angeles, California, USA. FAU - Zhu, Enya AU - Zhu E AD - Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine (E.Z.), Durham, North Carolina, USA. FAU - Armstrong, Malia E AU - Armstrong ME AD - Gastrointestinal Division (M.E.A., G.B., W.M., A.D., X.L., W.Z., N.N.U.), Liver Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Bizup, Grace AU - Bizup G AD - Gastrointestinal Division (M.E.A., G.B., W.M., A.D., X.L., W.Z., N.N.U.), Liver Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Munroe, Will AU - Munroe W AD - Gastrointestinal Division (M.E.A., G.B., W.M., A.D., X.L., W.Z., N.N.U.), Liver Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Dalvi, Anushka AU - Dalvi A AD - Gastrointestinal Division (M.E.A., G.B., W.M., A.D., X.L., W.Z., N.N.U.), Liver Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Li, Xing AU - Li X AD - Gastrointestinal Division (M.E.A., G.B., W.M., A.D., X.L., W.Z., N.N.U.), Liver Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Lau-Min, Kelsey S AU - Lau-Min KS AD - Division of Hematology and Oncology (K.S.L., A.E.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Brown, Cristal AU - Brown C AD - Department of Internal Medicine (C.B.), University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, Texas, USA. FAU - Zhang, Wei AU - Zhang W AD - Gastrointestinal Division (M.E.A., G.B., W.M., A.D., X.L., W.Z., N.N.U.), Liver Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - El-Jawahri, Areej AU - El-Jawahri A AD - Division of Hematology and Oncology (K.S.L., A.E.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Ufere, Nneka N AU - Ufere NN AD - Gastrointestinal Division (M.E.A., G.B., W.M., A.D., X.L., W.Z., N.N.U.), Liver Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Electronic address: nneka.ufere@mgh.harvard.edu. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260626 PL - United States TA - J Pain Symptom Manage JT - Journal of pain and symptom management JID - 8605836 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Symptom Burden MH - *Liver Cirrhosis/psychology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Middle Aged MH - Aged MH - *Psychological Distress MH - *Social Stigma MH - Quality of Life MH - Depression MH - Anxiety MH - Severity of Illness Index OTO - NOTNLM OT - Decompensated cirrhosis OT - anxiety OT - depression OT - patient-reported outcomes OT - stigma OT - symptom burden EDAT- 2026/06/27 00:52 MHDA- 2026/08/22 23:43 CRDT- 2026/06/26 19:35 PHST- 2026/04/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/22 23:43 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/27 00:52 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/26 19:35 [entrez] AID - S0885-3924(26)00860-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2026.06.021 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Pain Symptom Manage. 2026 Oct;72(4):457-466.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2026.06.021. Epub 2026 Jun 26. PMID- 42361874 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260809 LR - 20260831 IS - 1096-0953 (Electronic) IS - 0013-9351 (Linking) VI - 306 IP - Pt 1 DP - 2026 Sep 15 TI - Effects of a walk in a residential natural vs. urban environment on objective and subjective stress indicators in mothers and their infants. PG - 125125 LID - S0013-9351(26)01456-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.envres.2026.125125 [doi] AB - Despite growing evidence that being in nature positively influences mood and stress, its effects on children are not well understood. Previous cross-sectional research suggests that greater green space in children's residential environments is associated with better mental health outcomes, but the causal relationship remains unclear. Moreover, the impact of such environments on infants has not yet been explored. To address these gaps, we conducted an experimental intervention study with 72 mother-infant dyads (mean infant age = 7.5 months) to examine the effects of natural vs. urban environments on their stress. To enhance ecological validity, the study took place in residential, everyday environments, and the walks were conducted independently of the experimenter team. The study employed a randomised crossover trial, in which each mother-infant pair completed two 45-min walks, one in a natural setting and one in an urban area. We assessed subjective and physiological stress indicators, including maternal self-reported stress, salivary cortisol in mothers and infants, and cortisol levels in mothers' breast milk. The results showed that mothers' subjective stress levels decreased after both walks (p = 0.001), accompanied by a reduction in arousal (p < 0.001). Additionally, salivary cortisol concentrations decreased after walks in both environments for mothers (p = 0.007) and infants (p = 0.007). Mothers further reported increased calmness (p = 0.001), greater pleasantness (p = 0.002), and improved mood (p < 0.001) after the both walks, while also rating the nature walk as more enjoyable (p < 0.001) and more attention-restorative (p < 0.001) than the urban walk. However, the type of environment did not significantly affect subjective or physiological stress levels in mothers and infants. These findings suggest that taking a walk outdoors was associated with reduced stress in mothers and infants, but that the environment may play less of a role in this effect. The results underscore the complex relationship between environmental exposure and stress, offering insights for future research into how different environments influence early-life stress regulation. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Sudimac, Sonja AU - Sudimac S AD - Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Center for Environmental Neuroscience, Lentzeallee 94, Berlin, 14195, Germany. Electronic address: sudimac@mpib-berlin.mpg.de. FAU - Drewelies, Johanna AU - Drewelies J AD - Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Center for Environmental Neuroscience, Lentzeallee 94, Berlin, 14195, Germany. FAU - de Weerth, Carolina AU - de Weerth C AD - Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Kapittelweg 29, Nijmegen, 6525 GD, the Netherlands. FAU - Kuhn, Simone AU - Kuhn S AD - Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Center for Environmental Neuroscience, Lentzeallee 94, Berlin, 14195, Germany; University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Martinistr. 52, Hamburg, 20251, Germany; Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research Berlin, Germany and London, UK, Lentzeallee 94, Berlin, 14195, Germany; Psychiatric Environmental Neuroscience (PEN), Clinic for Psychiatry CCM, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Bonhoefferweg 3, Berlin, 10117, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20260626 PL - Netherlands TA - Environ Res JT - Environmental research JID - 0147621 RN - WI4X0X7BPJ (Hydrocortisone) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Walking MH - Infant MH - *Mothers/psychology MH - Hydrocortisone/analysis MH - Adult MH - Subjective Stress MH - *Stress, Psychological MH - Saliva/chemistry MH - Cross-Over Studies MH - Milk, Human/chemistry MH - Urban Population MH - Male MH - Stress, Physiological OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cortisol OT - Environment OT - Infants OT - Natural OT - Stress OT - Urban OT - Walk COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/06/27 00:53 MHDA- 2026/08/10 00:40 CRDT- 2026/06/26 19:31 PHST- 2025/11/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/10 00:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/27 00:53 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/26 19:31 [entrez] AID - S0013-9351(26)01456-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.envres.2026.125125 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Environ Res. 2026 Sep 15;306(Pt 1):125125. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2026.125125. Epub 2026 Jun 26. PMID- 42361335 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260627 LR - 20260813 IS - 2561-6722 (Electronic) IS - 2561-6722 (Linking) VI - 9 DP - 2026 Jun 26 TI - Codevelopment of a Digital Screening and Intervention Tool to Improve Lifestyle Habits in Children: Focus Group Study With Parents and Clinicians. PG - e84304 LID - 10.2196/84304 [doi] LID - e84304 AB - BACKGROUND: Chronic preventable diseases represent a major burden in Canada, often rooted in unhealthy behaviors established during childhood. Despite recommendations for routine screening, most children are not assessed due to clinical barriers. This paper presents the early development of Project DISCO, a self-administered, digital preappointment tool to screen for and support healthy lifestyle behaviors, including physical activity, sleep, nutrition, and screen time, in children aged 2 to 12 years. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore clinicians' and parents' needs and past experiences with health technology; integrate their insights into the development of a digital tool for promoting health behaviors; and evaluate the usability, relevance, and acceptability of this tool. METHODS: Three semistructured focus group and interview sessions were conducted with primary care clinicians and parents. Participants were recruited at the Groupe de Medecine de Famille Universitaire Saint-Hubert using purposive and convenience sampling: clinicians were recruited internally, whereas parents of children aged 2 to 12 years were invited via emails sent by clinic staff. Data were analyzed using a combination of inductive and deductive approaches. Findings informed iterative refinements throughout the codevelopment of the digital tool for promoting healthy lifestyle behaviors in children. RESULTS: A total of 8 participants took part in 6 discussions, including 5 parents of children aged 3 to 12 years and 3 primary care clinicians. Hybrid thematic analysis identified six themes: (1) the potential of a digital tool to promote healthy habits in pediatrics; (2) implementation challenges and opportunities, including integration of the tool into clinical workflow; (3) adherence to and engagement with the tool, with suggestions for reminders and involvement of nurses; (4) perceived limitations and improvement of the screening tool, particularly the nutrition and sleep questionnaires; (5) feedback on the screening report and intervention emphasizing clarity and actionable guidance; and (6) perceived clinical value and opportunity costs. Insights from these discussions guided refinements of the digital tool. CONCLUSIONS: The findings support the tool's relevance and inform its ongoing development. A feasibility study is planned prior to a randomized controlled trial. CI - (c)Alice Moyne, Tamara Perez, Trevor van Mierlo, Maryam Kebbe, Olivier Drouin. Originally published in JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting (https://pediatrics.jmir.org), 26.06.2026. FAU - Moyne, Alice AU - Moyne A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-0239-5954 AD - Department of Nutrition, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada. AD - Centre de recherche Azrieli du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC, Canada. AD - Departement Prevention Cancer Environnement, Centre Leon Berard, Lyon, Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes, France. FAU - Perez, Tamara AU - Perez T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9892-3043 AD - Centre de recherche Azrieli du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC, Canada. FAU - van Mierlo, Trevor AU - van Mierlo T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5675-0084 AD - Evolution Health, Toronto, ON, Canada. FAU - Kebbe, Maryam AU - Kebbe M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7999-9299 AD - Faculty of Kinesiology, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada. FAU - Drouin, Olivier AU - Drouin O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1429-9341 AD - Department of Nutrition, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada. AD - Centre de recherche Azrieli du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC, Canada. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC, Canada. AD - Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260626 PL - Canada TA - JMIR Pediatr Parent JT - JMIR pediatrics and parenting JID - 101727244 PMC - PMC13354948 OTO - NOTNLM OT - digital tool OT - intervention OT - lifestyle behavior OT - pediatrics OT - qualitative study OT - screening COIS- Conflicts of Interest: None declared. EDAT- 2026/06/27 04:10 MHDA- 2026/06/27 04:11 PMCR- 2026/06/26 CRDT- 2026/06/26 16:53 PHST- 2025/09/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/27 04:11 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/27 04:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/26 16:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v9i1e84304 [pii] AID - 10.2196/84304 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JMIR Pediatr Parent. 2026 Jun 26;9:e84304. doi: 10.2196/84304. PMID- 42361330 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260627 LR - 20260813 IS - 1438-8871 (Electronic) IS - 1439-4456 (Print) IS - 1438-8871 (Linking) VI - 28 DP - 2026 Jun 26 TI - Digital Interventions Targeting Parents to Improve Early Childhood Movement, Nutrition, and Sleep Behaviors: Systematic Review. PG - e85525 LID - 10.2196/85525 [doi] LID - e85525 AB - BACKGROUND: Early childhood (0-5 years) is key for shaping health behaviors, yet optimal behaviors are rarely achieved. Digital health promotion interventions offer scalable support for families; however, most research has focused on childhood more broadly, leaving limited evidence for the early childhood period. OBJECTIVE: The primary aim of this systematic review was to examine whether autonomously delivered digital interventions targeting parents are effective at increasing physical activity, reducing sedentary behavior, improving nutrition (breastfeeding, feeding practices), and/or optimizing sleep among children aged 0-5 years. The secondary aim was to review the reporting of co-design practices, user engagement, and process evaluation, and to assess how engagement influences intervention effectiveness. METHODS: Seven databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating autonomously delivered digital interventions targeting one or more of the following behaviors: physical activity, sedentary behavior, nutrition, or sleep among children (published to January 2026). Study quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for RCTs. Findings were narratively synthesized by target age-group and behavior, and the direction of effect was summarized in structured tables. RESULTS: Of the 14,352 identified records, 38 interventions (33 RCTs, 4 pilot RCTs, and 1 feasibility RCT) were included. Most studies focused on pregnancy to infancy (n=24; 0-1 y), followed by preschoolers (n=8; 3-5 y) and toddlers (n=6; 1-2 y). Intervention duration ranged from 2 weeks to 1000 days, and various digital formats were used (apps n=11, SMS text messaging n=10, web- or internet-based platforms n=6, WeChat [Tencent] n=3, tablet-based program n=2, a combination of app and SMS text messaging n=1, website and emails n=1, emails and SMS text messaging n=1, automated voice calls n=1, Facebook Messenger Chatbot [Meta] n=1, and online videos n=1). Interventions spanning pregnancy to infancy reported mixed findings for breastfeeding and feeding practices. Studies targeting toddlers showed improvements in sleep, mixed findings for diet and screen time, and no differences in physical activity. Most studies targeting preschoolers reported significant improvements for feeding practices and diet, but no differences in physical activity, sedentary behavior and sleep, and mixed findings for screen time. Most studies reported co-design or engagement (n=24), but few examined the impact of engagement on intervention effectiveness (n=6), and those that did reported mixed findings. Interpretation was limited by heterogeneous designs, inconsistent outcome measures, and mixed risk-of-bias ratings across studies. CONCLUSIONS: This review advances the field by synthesizing evidence on scalable digital interventions that support parents in promoting healthy lifestyle behaviors across the first 2000 days, together with key design and implementation factors that have rarely been reported in previous reviews. Unlike prior work, it focuses exclusively on autonomously delivered digital interventions in early childhood. Findings show heterogeneous designs and mixed effectiveness, and highlight 3 priority evidence gaps: limited studies in toddlers and preschoolers, incomplete reporting of engagement, and limited understanding of how engagement influences outcomes. These findings define priorities for future research to strengthen the evidence for scalable digital interventions in early childhood. CI - (c) Johanna Sandborg, Brittany L Reese, Sarah Marshall, Kylie D Hesketh, Rachel Laws, Katherine L Downing. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (https://www.jmir.org). FAU - Sandborg, Johanna AU - Sandborg J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0389-9333 AD - Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia, +46 733285912. FAU - Reese, Brittany L AU - Reese BL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6242-0842 AD - Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia, +46 733285912. FAU - Marshall, Sarah AU - Marshall S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1462-3087 AD - Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia, +46 733285912. AD - Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia. FAU - Hesketh, Kylie D AU - Hesketh KD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2702-7110 AD - Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia, +46 733285912. FAU - Laws, Rachel AU - Laws R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4328-1116 AD - Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia, +46 733285912. FAU - Downing, Katherine L AU - Downing KL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6552-8506 AD - Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia, +46 733285912. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20260626 PL - Canada TA - J Med Internet Res JT - Journal of medical Internet research JID - 100959882 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Sleep MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Parents MH - Infant MH - Female MH - *Exercise MH - *Health Promotion/methods MH - Digital Health MH - Digital Media MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Sedentary Behavior MH - Breast Feeding MH - *Health Behavior MH - *Nutritional Status MH - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic PMC - PMC13309061 OTO - NOTNLM OT - breastfeeding OT - diet OT - digital OT - eHealth OT - mHealth OT - movement behaviours OT - physical activity OT - screen time OT - sedentary behaviour COIS- Conflicts of Interest: JS is a founder of Science4Families AB, but this company had no role in this research. No other disclosures were reported. EDAT- 2026/06/27 04:10 MHDA- 2026/06/27 18:37 PMCR- 2026/06/26 CRDT- 2026/06/26 16:52 PHST- 2025/10/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 18:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/27 04:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/26 16:52 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v28i1e85525 [pii] AID - 85525 [pii] AID - 10.2196/85525 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Med Internet Res. 2026 Jun 26;28:e85525. doi: 10.2196/85525. PMID- 42359314 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260626 LR - 20260813 IS - 1664-1078 (Print) IS - 1664-1078 (Electronic) IS - 1664-1078 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Enhancing physical, technical, tactical, and cognitive performance in female youth football players using eye-tracking and neurofeedback training: an exploratory study. PG - 1835322 LID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1835322 [doi] LID - 1835322 AB - This study aimed to investigate the effects of an intervention combining eye-tracking and neurofeedback training on technical, tactical, and cognitive performance in young female football players. A cross-sectional study was conducted with eight female youth football players (15.6 +/- 1.2 years) recruited from a FIFA-certified training centre. Anthropometric measures (body mass, standing height, and seated height) were recorded, and biological maturity was assessed using the Mirwald equation. Performance was evaluated using standardized tests: Loughborough Football Shooting Test (LSST) for technical skill, Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 (YYIR1) for endurance, and a system of tactical assessment in football (FUT-SAT) instrument for motor and tactical proficiency. For clarity, we define the measurement moments used throughout this article: baseline assessments are denoted as moment 1 (M1) and post-intervention assessments after the six-week training period as moment 2 (M2). Eye-tracking metrics, decision-making indexes, and neurofeedback parameters were analysed using i-Brain and i-Tracker technologies. Players showed significant improvements in technical and tactical performance, particularly in shooting velocity and offensive unit efficiency, alongside enhanced decision-making stability and defensive coordination. Eye-tracking metrics revealed increased fixation efficiency and reduced revisit counts, indicating more effective visual search strategies. YYIR1 performance improved, suggesting that the intervention did not impair intermittent recovery capacity. The integration of eye-tracking and neurofeedback training demonstrated potential for enhancing cognitive and technical performance in female youth football players. Improvements in shooting accuracy, decision-making speed, and gaze efficiency suggest that these technologies could be valuable additions to traditional training methods. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Carvalho, Bezerra, Teixeira, Forte, Silva and Cancela-Carral. FAU - Carvalho, Silvio A AU - Carvalho SA AD - Faculty of Educational Sciences and Sports Sciences, University of Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain. AD - SPRINT-Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center, Viana do Castelo, Portugal. AD - Department of Sports, Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, Penafiel, Portugal. FAU - Bezerra, Pedro AU - Bezerra P AD - SPRINT-Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center, Viana do Castelo, Portugal. AD - School of Sports and Leisure, Polytechnic Institute of Viana do Castelo, Viana do Castelo, Portugal. FAU - Teixeira, Jose E AU - Teixeira JE AD - SPRINT-Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center, Viana do Castelo, Portugal. AD - Department of Sports Science, Polytechnic of Cavado and Ave, Guimaraes, Portugal. AD - Department of Sports Science, Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, Guarda, Portugal. FAU - Forte, Pedro AU - Forte P AD - Department of Sports, Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, Penafiel, Portugal. AD - CI-ISCE, ISCE Douro, Penafiel, Portugal. AD - Research Center for Active Living and Wellbeing (Livewell), Instituto Politecnico de Braganca, Braganca, Portugal. AD - Department of Sports Science, Instituto Politecnico de Braganca, Braganca, Portugal. FAU - Silva, Rui M AU - Silva RM AD - SPRINT-Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center, Viana do Castelo, Portugal. AD - School of Sports and Leisure, Polytechnic Institute of Viana do Castelo, Viana do Castelo, Portugal. FAU - Cancela-Carral, Jose M AU - Cancela-Carral JM AD - Faculty of Educational Sciences and Sports Sciences, University of Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260610 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Psychol JT - Frontiers in psychology JID - 101550902 PMC - PMC13290523 OTO - NOTNLM OT - cognitive OT - eye-tracking OT - neurofeedback OT - performance OT - soccer OT - youth female COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The authors PF, JT, RS, PB, and JC-C declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision. EDAT- 2026/06/26 16:10 MHDA- 2026/06/26 16:11 PMCR- 2026/06/10 CRDT- 2026/06/26 04:46 PHST- 2026/03/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/26 16:11 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/26 16:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/26 04:46 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1835322 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Psychol. 2026 Jun 10;17:1835322. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1835322. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42359254 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260626 LR - 20260813 IS - 1664-042X (Print) IS - 1664-042X (Electronic) IS - 1664-042X (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Obesity is associated with suppressed bone turnover: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PG - 1793838 LID - 10.3389/fphys.2026.1793838 [doi] LID - 1793838 AB - BACKGROUND: Obesity is an increasingly serious public health issue on a global scale. Although there is increasing research on the relationship between obesity and biochemical markers of bone turnover, this relationship is complex and unclear. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis aimed at comparing the concentrations of biochemical markers of bone turnover between individuals with obesity and those with normal-weight. METHOD: A systematic search was conducted using the PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and EBSCO databases from database inception to December 15, 2025. Two researchers screened the literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and extracted valid data for quality evaluation. RESULTS: The results ultimately included 14 articles with a total of 4612 subjects. Compared with normal-weight individuals, individuals with obesity showed no significant difference in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels. Procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (PINP) levels were significantly reduced in individuals with obesity. Osteocalcin (OCN) levels were also decreased overall, but subgroup analysis showed that this reduction was significant in children and adolescents, whereas no significant difference was observed in adults. No significant difference was observed in C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX-I) or N-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (NTX) levels. CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis suggests that obesity is associated with suppressed bone turnover, mainly reflected by reduced levels of bone formation markers. PINP levels were significantly decreased in individuals with obesity, whereas the reduction in OCN appeared to be age-dependent, with significant suppression observed in children and adolescents but not in adults. However, the robustness of the bone resorption results is insufficient and requires further validation through additional studies. Further studies are needed to clarify the mechanisms by which obesity affects skeletal health and to identify potential targets for clinical intervention. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Lin, Liu, Chen and Liu. FAU - Lin, Haiqi AU - Lin H AD - School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. AD - College of Physical Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. FAU - Liu, Xiaohua AU - Liu X AD - School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China. FAU - Chen, Binglin AU - Chen B AD - The Second School of Clinical Medical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Liu, Chengyi AU - Liu C AD - School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260610 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Physiol JT - Frontiers in physiology JID - 101549006 PMC - PMC13290598 OTO - NOTNLM OT - bone OT - bone formation OT - bone resorption OT - bone turnover (markers) OT - obesity COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/26 06:38 MHDA- 2026/06/26 06:39 PMCR- 2026/06/10 CRDT- 2026/06/26 04:45 PHST- 2026/01/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/26 06:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/26 06:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/26 04:45 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fphys.2026.1793838 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Physiol. 2026 Jun 10;17:1793838. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2026.1793838. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42359135 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260626 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Exploring predictors of low nutritional literacy in maintenance hemodialysis patients: a machine learning and network analysis approach. PG - 1862524 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1862524 [doi] LID - 1862524 AB - BACKGROUND: Patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) commonly experience substantial self-care challenges due to the complexity and highly restrictive nature of their treatment regimens. Nutritional literacy is a critical determinant of effective self-management in this population. However, the main predictors of low nutritional literacy and their relationships remain unclear, limiting early targeted interventions. This study aimed to identify important predictors of low nutritional literacy in MHD patients and to explore how these predictors relate to each other. METHODS: This study included 712 patients on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). Latent profile analysis was used to identify individuals with low nutritional literacy, followed by machine learning to screen for key predictors. SHAP analysis was employed to visualize the importance of these predictors. Finally, network analysis was used to investigate the underlying relationships among the key predictors. RESULTS: The LightGBM model demonstrated the best predictive performance, with an AUC of 0.817 and an F1-score of 0.738. The LightGBM model identified nine key predictors: social support, depression, anxiety, self-efficacy, educational level, dialysis frequency, age, living arrangement (living with a spouse and children), and place of residence. Among these, social support had the highest SHAP value. Network analysis revealed that self-efficacy served as the central predictor(rs = 0.56), showing a significant positive correlation with social support (EW = 0.148) and significant negative correlations with depression and anxiety(EW = -0.209, EW = -0.158). The stability and accuracy analyses of the network demonstrated good overall stability, with a correlation stability (CS) coefficient for strength centrality of 0.67. In addition, the Bootstrap 95% confidence intervals were within an acceptable range. CONCLUSION: In this study, the LightGBM model was used to identify nine key predictors of low nutritional literacy in MHD patients. Self-efficacy was confirmed as a core node in the predictor network for low nutritional literacy in this population. These findings provide reliable empirical evidence for the early clinical identification of MHD patients at high risk for low nutritional literacy. Furthermore, using self-efficacy as a core intervention target, healthcare professionals can implement targeted interventions for high-risk populations to effectively improve their nutritional literacy. This study offers important practical guidance for optimizing nutritional literacy and intervention strategies for MHD patients. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Yao, Liu, Tan, Chen and Fang. FAU - Yao, Ling AU - Yao L AD - School of Nursing, University of South China, Hengyang, China. FAU - Liu, Yanling AU - Liu Y AD - The First Affiliated Hospital of Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, China. FAU - Tan, Xufeng AU - Tan X AD - School of Nursing, University of South China, Hengyang, China. FAU - Chen, Sisi AU - Chen S AD - School of Nursing, University of South China, Hengyang, China. FAU - Fang, Yanchun AU - Fang Y AD - Department of Public Health, Central Hospital of Shaoyang, Shaoyang, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260610 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Renal Dialysis/psychology MH - Female MH - *Machine Learning MH - *Health Literacy/statistics & numerical data MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Self Efficacy MH - Social Support MH - Aged MH - Self Care MH - Predictive Learning Models MH - *Nutritional Status PMC - PMC13292423 OTO - NOTNLM OT - machine learning OT - maintenance hemodialysis patients OT - network analysis OT - nutritional literacy OT - predictors COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/26 16:10 MHDA- 2026/06/27 07:10 PMCR- 2026/06/10 CRDT- 2026/06/26 04:44 PHST- 2026/04/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 07:10 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/26 16:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/26 04:44 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1862524 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2026 Jun 10;14:1862524. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1862524. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42356915 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260626 LR - 20260813 IS - 1424-8220 (Electronic) IS - 1424-8220 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 12 DP - 2026 Jun 21 TI - Explainable Machine Learning Using Sensor-Derived Biomechanical Features to Classify Elevated VALR-Related Loading Across Midsole Hardness Conditions in School-Aged Boys. LID - 10.3390/s26123942 [doi] LID - 3942 AB - (1) Background: Changes in midsole hardness may affect lower-limb impact loading during forefoot strike (FFS) running in children, yet the biomechanical basis for discriminating elevated VALR-related loading remains unclear. (2) Methods: Fourteen school-aged boys performed FFS running tests in experimental shoes with four midsole hardness levels (37, 42, 47, and 52 Shore C). Lower-limb kinematics and surface electromyography (sEMG) data were collected during the dominant leg stance phase. After preprocessing, VALR was calculated from 336 valid trials, and 28 stance-phase biomechanical features were extracted, yielding a final machine-learning dataset of 324 trials after excluding incomplete feature data. VALR was used to compare loading changes and define trial-level elevated-loading labels based on the median VALR value. Classification models were evaluated under participant-level GroupKFold validation, and XGBoost was retained for exploratory SHAP analysis. (3) Results: VALR showed an upward trend with increasing hardness, but no statistically supported change point was identified. XGBoost achieved an accuracy of 75.93%, precision of 74.14%, recall of 79.63%, F1-value of 0.768, and pooled out-of-fold AUC of 0.738. SHAP analysis indicated that distal and non-sagittal kinematic features contributed most to model classification. (4) Conclusions: Elevated VALR-related loading during children's FFS running may be characterized by a multi-feature model-based pattern rather than a fixed midsole hardness threshold. FAU - Chen, Yiyao AU - Chen Y AD - Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China. FAU - Gao, Zixiang AU - Gao Z AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4345-8201 AD - Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. FAU - Li, Fengping AU - Li F AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-2206-2750 AD - Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China. FAU - Wang, Dongxu AU - Wang D AD - Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China. FAU - Pan, Jianqi AU - Pan J AD - Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China. FAU - Wang, Yucheng AU - Wang Y AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-1962-4147 AD - Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China. FAU - Chen, Diwei AU - Chen D AD - Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China. FAU - Zhou, Zhanyi AU - Zhou Z AD - Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain. FAU - Gao, Lidong AU - Gao L AD - Department of Material Science and Technology, Audi Hungaria Faculty of Automotive Engineering, Szechenyi Istvan University, 9026 Gyor, Hungary. FAU - Chen, Kuiyu AU - Chen K AD - Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China. FAU - Ye, Zhaolong AU - Ye Z AD - Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China. FAU - Gu, Yaodong AU - Gu Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2187-9440 AD - Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China. AD - Department of Kinesiology, Hungarian University of Sports Science, 1123 Budapest, Hungary. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260621 PL - Switzerland TA - Sensors (Basel) JT - Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101204366 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Biomechanical Phenomena/physiology MH - Electromyography MH - Hardness/physiology MH - *Machine Learning MH - *Running/physiology MH - Child MH - Shoes MH - Boosting Machine Learning Algorithms PMC - PMC13307089 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SHAP OT - XGBoost OT - elevated VALR-related loading OT - forefoot strike OT - midsole hardness OT - school-aged boys COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2026/06/26 13:10 MHDA- 2026/06/27 07:40 PMCR- 2026/06/21 CRDT- 2026/06/26 01:19 PHST- 2026/05/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 07:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/26 13:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/26 01:19 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - s26123942 [pii] AID - sensors-26-03942 [pii] AID - 10.3390/s26123942 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sensors (Basel). 2026 Jun 21;26(12):3942. doi: 10.3390/s26123942. PMID- 42356815 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260626 LR - 20260813 IS - 1424-8220 (Electronic) IS - 1424-8220 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 12 DP - 2026 Jun 17 TI - Prediction of Nocturnal Hypoglycemia Following Exercise in Type 1 Diabetes Using Temporally Structured CGM-Derived Digital Biomarkers. LID - 10.3390/s26123842 [doi] LID - 3842 AB - Nocturnal hypoglycemia (NH) following exercise represents a critical challenge in the management of type 1 diabetes (T1D), particularly in pediatric populations, where its occurrence is associated with severe adverse outcomes and increased caregiver burden. This study aimed to identify an interpretable early signature based on CGM-derived digital biomarkers of post-exercise NH risk in children and adolescents with T1D. CGM data from 49 pediatric subjects (DirecNet cohort) were used to extract several CGM metrics across two temporal configurations: (i) Exercise + Cumulative, where features were computed over the exercise window and over an extended window spanning from exercise onset through recovery (16:00-17:00 and 16:00-22:00); and (ii) Exercise + Post-exercise, where features were computed separately over two non-overlapping intervals, capturing the exercise phase and the subsequent recovery phase (16:00-17:00 and 17:00-22:00). A Random Forest classifier was trained within a Leave-One-Out Cross Validation framework, incorporating variance inflation factor (VIF)-based multicollinearity filtering, minimum redundancy-maximum relevance (mRMR) feature selection, and SMOTE-based class balancing. The Exercise + Post-exercise configuration achieved superior performance: balanced accuracy (BA) = 76.9%, F1-score = 0.71, Area Under Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (ROC-AUC) = 0.75, outperforming the Exercise + Cumulative configuration; this result was achieved using only five features: CONGA-15_EX (short-term glucose variability during exercise) emerged as the most robust predictor, alongside below_54 and above_250 (time spent in hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic ranges), MAG (mean absolute glucose change), and GRADE_hypo (hypoglycemia risk score). The generalizability of the temporal framework was further supported by independent validation on the OhioT1DM free-living cohort, where the Exercise + Post-exercise configuration (BA = 76.3%, ROC-AUC = 0.804) again outperformed the cumulative approach. These results suggest that a small set of interpretable CGM-derived features, extracted from the exercise and recovery windows, can effectively discriminate pediatric T1D subjects at risk of NH, supporting the development of lightweight CGM-only decision support tools for safer exercise management. FAU - Piersanti, Agnese AU - Piersanti A AD - Department of Information Engineering, Universita Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche 12, 60131 Ancona, Italy. FAU - Manes, Gaia Maria AU - Manes GM AD - Department of Information Engineering, Universita Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche 12, 60131 Ancona, Italy. FAU - Del Giudice, Libera Lucia AU - Del Giudice LL AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-0723-1289 AD - Department of Information Engineering, Universita Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche 12, 60131 Ancona, Italy. FAU - Burattini, Laura AU - Burattini L AD - Department of Information Engineering, Universita Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche 12, 60131 Ancona, Italy. FAU - Gobl, Christian AU - Gobl C AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria. FAU - Tura, Andrea AU - Tura A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3466-5900 AD - CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy. FAU - Morettini, Micaela AU - Morettini M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8327-8379 AD - Department of Information Engineering, Universita Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche 12, 60131 Ancona, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260617 PL - Switzerland TA - Sensors (Basel) JT - Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101204366 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Blood Glucose) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/blood MH - *Hypoglycemia/diagnosis/blood MH - Continuous Glucose Monitoring MH - *Biomarkers/blood MH - *Exercise/physiology MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Female MH - Male MH - Blood Glucose/analysis PMC - PMC13307307 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SMOTE OT - continuous glucose monitoring OT - exercise OT - feature engineering OT - machine learning OT - nocturnal hypoglycemia OT - type 1 diabetes COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/26 13:10 MHDA- 2026/06/27 07:40 PMCR- 2026/06/17 CRDT- 2026/06/26 01:19 PHST- 2026/05/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 07:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/26 13:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/26 01:19 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - s26123842 [pii] AID - sensors-26-03842 [pii] AID - 10.3390/s26123842 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sensors (Basel). 2026 Jun 17;26(12):3842. doi: 10.3390/s26123842. PMID- 42356382 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260626 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 12 DP - 2026 Jun 19 TI - Assessing the Nutritional and Neurodevelopmental Status in Children Attending Preschools in a Neighborhood in Bogota, Colombia. LID - 10.3390/nu18121996 [doi] LID - 1996 AB - Background: Early childhood nutrition is strongly associated with neurodevelopmental outcomes, particularly in socially vulnerable settings. Limited evidence is available describing the relationship between nutritional status, food security, and neurodevelopment among preschool children in low-income urban areas of Colombia. This study aimed to evaluate nutritional status, household food insecurity, and neurodevelopmental outcomes in children attending early childhood centers in El Codito, Bogota, and to explore the association between anthropometric indicators and neurodevelopmental performance. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in children enrolled in community childcare centers. Nutritional status was assessed using anthropometric indicators according to World Health Organization growth standards, including weight for age, height for age, and body mass index for age. Neurodevelopment was evaluated using the Escala Abreviada de Desarrollo (EAD). Household food insecurity was measured through a validated questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were performed, and associations between variables were analyzed using correlation tests and group comparisons according to data distribution. Results: Most participants presented adequate nutritional status; however, a proportion of children showed risk of stunting or excess weight. Neurodevelopmental scores were generally within expected ranges, although variability was observed across developmental domains. Significant associations were identified between certain anthropometric indicators and neurodevelopmental outcomes. Moderate to severe household food insecurity was identified in 21.4% of participating households. Conclusions: Nutritional status and household food insecurity represent important contextual factors for child health in vulnerable urban populations. These findings highlight the importance of integrated nutritional and developmental monitoring strategies within early childhood programs. Further longitudinal studies are required to clarify causal pathways and to guide targeted public health interventions in similar contexts. FAU - Aguilera-Arino, Laura Sofia AU - Aguilera-Arino LS AD - Neuroscience Research Group (Neuros), Centro de Neurociencia-Neurovitae, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Carrera 24 #63c-69, Bogota 111221, Colombia. FAU - Talero-Gutierrez, Claudia AU - Talero-Gutierrez C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1601-5015 AD - Neuroscience Research Group (Neuros), Centro de Neurociencia-Neurovitae, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Carrera 24 #63c-69, Bogota 111221, Colombia. FAU - Velez-Van-Merbeeke, Alberto AU - Velez-Van-Merbeeke A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8889-4170 AD - Neuroscience Research Group (Neuros), Centro de Neurociencia-Neurovitae, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Carrera 24 #63c-69, Bogota 111221, Colombia. FAU - Pedraza-Lopez, Natalia AU - Pedraza-Lopez N AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-3491-5212 AD - Clinical Research Group-Epidemiological Studies Line, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Quinta de Mutis Campus, Carrera 24 #63c-69, Bogota 111221, Colombia. FAU - Patino-Rattiva, Maria AU - Patino-Rattiva M AD - Undergraduate Neuroscience Research Group (Semineuros), Center of Neuroscience-Neurovitae, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Carrera 24 #63c-69, Bogota 111221, Colombia. FAU - Pastrana-Bustamante, Isabella AU - Pastrana-Bustamante I AD - Undergraduate Neuroscience Research Group (Semineuros), Center of Neuroscience-Neurovitae, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Carrera 24 #63c-69, Bogota 111221, Colombia. FAU - Ospina-Arias, Juan Andres AU - Ospina-Arias JA AD - Undergraduate Neuroscience Research Group (Semineuros), Center of Neuroscience-Neurovitae, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Carrera 24 #63c-69, Bogota 111221, Colombia. FAU - Quijano-Zauner, Mariana AU - Quijano-Zauner M AD - Undergraduate Neuroscience Research Group (Semineuros), Center of Neuroscience-Neurovitae, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Carrera 24 #63c-69, Bogota 111221, Colombia. FAU - Velasquez, Maria Jose AU - Velasquez MJ AD - Undergraduate Neuroscience Research Group (Semineuros), Center of Neuroscience-Neurovitae, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Carrera 24 #63c-69, Bogota 111221, Colombia. FAU - Carvajal-Rincon, Sara Sofia AU - Carvajal-Rincon SS AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-7394-5588 AD - Undergraduate Neuroscience Research Group (Semineuros), Center of Neuroscience-Neurovitae, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Carrera 24 #63c-69, Bogota 111221, Colombia. FAU - Pinzon-Rondon, Angela Maria AU - Pinzon-Rondon AM AD - Clinical Research Group-Epidemiological Studies Line, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Quinta de Mutis Campus, Carrera 24 #63c-69, Bogota 111221, Colombia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260619 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Colombia/epidemiology MH - *Nutritional Status MH - Child, Preschool MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - Male MH - Neurodevelopment MH - *Child Development MH - Food Insecurity MH - Anthropometry MH - Urban Population MH - Poverty PMC - PMC13305189 OTO - NOTNLM OT - anthropometry OT - child development OT - malnutrition OT - neurodevelopmental disorders OT - nutritional status COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/26 06:40 MHDA- 2026/06/27 07:10 PMCR- 2026/06/19 CRDT- 2026/06/26 01:17 PHST- 2026/05/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 07:10 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/26 06:40 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/26 01:17 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18121996 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01996 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18121996 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Jun 19;18(12):1996. doi: 10.3390/nu18121996. PMID- 42356370 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260626 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 12 DP - 2026 Jun 19 TI - Eating Disorder Risk Among Italian University Students: A Cross-Sectional Screening Study Using BMI, EAT-26, and EDE-Q 6.0. LID - 10.3390/nu18121984 [doi] LID - 1984 AB - Background/Objectives: Eating disorders (EDs) are among the most severe psychiatric conditions affecting young people, with increasing prevalence in the post-pandemic period. This study assessed the prevalence of ED risk and dysfunctional eating behaviors among Italian university students, a population poorly characterized with respect to ED risk, and examined associations with key socio-demographic and anthropometric variables. Methods: A cross-sectional online screening study was conducted between August 2023 and February 2026 with 401 Italian university students (306 women and 95 men). Participants completed the validated Italian versions of the Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26) and the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire 6.0 (EDE-Q 6.0), alongside self-reported anthropometric data. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of ED risk scores. Results: A total of 37.9% of participants had BMI outside the normal range (19.7% underweight; 18.2% overweight or obese). EAT-26 scores exceeded the clinical cut-off in 28.4% of participants (women: 35.6%; men: 5.3%). EDE-Q 6.0 global scores exceeded the clinical cut-off in 21.0% (women: 25.8%; men: 5.3%). Only 45.4% showed no anthropometric or questionnaire-based screening risk indicators (i.e., scores above the clinical cut-off on the EAT-26 or EDE-Q 6.0). BMI was negatively associated with EAT-26 scores in the total sample and in women, while a positive association between BMI and EDE-Q 6.0 scores was observed in men. Conclusions: A substantial proportion of Italian university students, particularly women, presented screening-based indicators of ED risk. The combined use of anthropometric and questionnaire-based screening tools provides a more comprehensive risk assessment than either measure alone, highlighting the need for multidimensional screening programs. FAU - Gosti, Valeria AU - Gosti V AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-6071-2497 AD - Department of Human Sciences, Universita degli Studi Guglielmo Marconi, 00193 Rome, Italy. AD - Santa Lucia Foundation (Scientific Research and Treatment Institute), 00179 Rome, Italy. FAU - Coletta, Antonella AU - Coletta A AD - Santa Lucia Foundation (Scientific Research and Treatment Institute), 00179 Rome, Italy. FAU - Vinci, Andrea Carolina AU - Vinci AC AD - Santa Lucia Foundation (Scientific Research and Treatment Institute), 00179 Rome, Italy. FAU - Massaro, Francesca AU - Massaro F AD - Santa Lucia Foundation (Scientific Research and Treatment Institute), 00179 Rome, Italy. FAU - Foti, Francesca AU - Foti F AD - Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy. FAU - Koch, Giacomo AU - Koch G AD - Santa Lucia Foundation (Scientific Research and Treatment Institute), 00179 Rome, Italy. AD - Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy. FAU - Gelfo, Francesca AU - Gelfo F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3935-2164 AD - Department of Human Sciences, Universita degli Studi Guglielmo Marconi, 00193 Rome, Italy. AD - Santa Lucia Foundation (Scientific Research and Treatment Institute), 00179 Rome, Italy. FAU - Betti, Viviana AU - Betti V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3429-2104 AD - Santa Lucia Foundation (Scientific Research and Treatment Institute), 00179 Rome, Italy. AD - Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy. FAU - Petrosini, Laura AU - Petrosini L AD - Santa Lucia Foundation (Scientific Research and Treatment Institute), 00179 Rome, Italy. FAU - Picazio, Silvia AU - Picazio S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1784-7537 AD - Department of Human Sciences, Universita degli Studi Guglielmo Marconi, 00193 Rome, Italy. AD - Santa Lucia Foundation (Scientific Research and Treatment Institute), 00179 Rome, Italy. LA - eng GR - GR-2019-2369640/Ministry of Health/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260619 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Male MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Italy/epidemiology MH - *Feeding and Eating Disorders/epidemiology/diagnosis MH - *Students/psychology/statistics & numerical data MH - *Body Mass Index MH - Young Adult MH - Universities MH - Adult MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Risk Factors MH - Prevalence MH - Adolescent MH - Feeding Behavior/psychology PMC - PMC13304807 OTO - NOTNLM OT - EAT-26 OT - EDE-Q 6.0 OT - body mass index OT - eating disorders OT - gender differences OT - university students COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/26 16:10 MHDA- 2026/06/27 07:10 PMCR- 2026/06/19 CRDT- 2026/06/26 01:17 PHST- 2026/05/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 07:10 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/26 16:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/26 01:17 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18121984 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01984 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18121984 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Jun 19;18(12):1984. doi: 10.3390/nu18121984. PMID- 42356337 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260626 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 12 DP - 2026 Jun 17 TI - Ultra-Processed Food Consumption Is Independently Associated with Higher HbA1c and Poor Glycemic Control in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes. LID - 10.3390/nu18121951 [doi] LID - 1951 AB - Background/Objectives: Ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption has been linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) incidence, but its association with glycemic control in individuals already living with T2DM remains less well characterized. We evaluated the relationship between UPF consumption, assessed with the Turkish version of the short Screening Questionnaire of Highly Processed Food Consumption (sQ-HPF), and HbA1c and poor glycemic control in adults with T2DM. Methods: In this single-centre, cross-sectional observational study, 425 adults aged 18-65 years with T2DM of at least 6 months' duration were consecutively recruited at a tertiary general internal medicine outpatient clinic. UPF consumption was assessed with the Turkish sQ-HPF (range 0-11; scores >/= 6 = high UPF consumption). HbA1c was the primary outcome (continuous and dichotomized at 7.0%). Multiple linear and binary logistic regression analyses were performed with hierarchical adjustment for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), diabetes duration, and insulin-based treatment. Results: Total UPF score was positively correlated with HbA1c (r = 0.423, p < 0.001). In the fully adjusted linear model, each one-point increase in total UPF score was associated with a 0.418% higher HbA1c (95% CI: 0.333-0.503; beta = 0.413; p < 0.001), explaining 28.9% of HbA1c variance. In the fully adjusted logistic model, each one-point increase in total UPF score was associated with 25.0% higher odds of poor glycemic control (OR = 1.250, 95% CI: 1.110-1.408, p < 0.001). Insulin-based treatment and male sex were also independent predictors. UPF score was not significantly associated with lipid parameters or C-reactive protein. Conclusions: Higher UPF consumption, captured by a brief validated screener, was independently associated with poorer glycemic control in Turkish adults with T2DM. Brief UPF screening may help identify patients who would benefit from targeted nutritional intervention. FAU - Otay Lule, Nezihe AU - Otay Lule N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3664-6383 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gaziantep University, 27310 Gaziantep, Turkiye. FAU - Sahin, Serpil AU - Sahin S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-7541-202X AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, 27310 Gaziantep, Turkiye. FAU - Lule, Kemal Ozan AU - Lule KO AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3582-9663 AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, 27310 Gaziantep, Turkiye. FAU - Yildiz, Hamit AU - Yildiz H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7858-5123 AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, 27310 Gaziantep, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260617 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 0 (Glycated Hemoglobin) RN - 0 (Blood Glucose) RN - 0 (hemoglobin A1c protein, human) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood MH - Middle Aged MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Glycated Hemoglobin/metabolism/analysis MH - Adult MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Glycemic Control MH - Food, Processed MH - Aged MH - *Blood Glucose/metabolism MH - *Fast Foods/adverse effects MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Turkey PMC - PMC13304910 OTO - NOTNLM OT - HbA1c OT - cardiometabolic risk OT - glycemic control OT - sQ-HPF OT - type 2 diabetes mellitus OT - ultra-processed food COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/26 16:10 MHDA- 2026/06/27 07:10 PMCR- 2026/06/17 CRDT- 2026/06/26 01:17 PHST- 2026/05/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 07:10 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/26 16:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/26 01:17 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18121951 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01951 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18121951 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Jun 17;18(12):1951. doi: 10.3390/nu18121951. PMID- 42356324 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260626 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 12 DP - 2026 Jun 15 TI - Green Tea Consumption and Risk of All-Cause Mortality: Findings from a Prospective Cohort Study. LID - 10.3390/nu18121937 [doi] LID - 1937 AB - BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: There has been a growing concern about excessive caffeine consumption among heavy green tea drinkers on health outcomes, such as cardiovascular diseases or cancer. We evaluated the association between green tea consumption and risk of all-cause mortality in Vietnam. METHODS: We used data from the Hanoi Prospective Cohort Study, an ongoing study comprising 42,146 participants aged 10 or older in Northern Vietnam who have been followed up between 2007 and 2019. Green tea intake was derived from a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. We performed a Cox proportional hazard regression model to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) and respective 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for the association between green tea consumption and risk of all-cause mortality, adjusted for potential confounding factor. RESULTS: After a median follow-up of 11 years (range: 0.13-11.64 years), we identified 2494 deaths. Overall, there was an inverse association between green tea intake and risk of all-cause mortality (HR(perSDincrement) = 0.93; 95% CI, 0.89-0.97, P(trend) < 0.001). This pattern was more pronounced in males (HR(perSDincrement) = 0.93; 95% CI, 0.89-0.97, P(trend) < 0.001) but not in females (HR(perSDincrement) = 0.94; 95% CI, 0.86-1.02, P(trend) = 0.12; P(heterogeneity) = 0.81). In stratified analysis, the inverse association pattern was seen in both younger and old age groups, in individuals with BMI < 23 kg/m(2), in both ever and never smokers, among ever alcohol drinkers and never coffee drinkers, and in individuals with and without history of type 2 diabetes (P(heterogeneity) = 0.31). CONCLUSIONS: Findings from the current study, the first prospective cohort study in Vietnam, suggest a protective effect of green tea consumption on risk of all-cause mortality. Further studies are warranted to validate our findings in similar population and settings. FAU - Le, Ngoan Tran AU - Le NT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7862-492X AD - Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam. AD - Department of Clinical Research, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam. FAU - Pham, Yen Thi-Hai AU - Pham YT AD - University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA. AD - Dr. Mary and Ron Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA. FAU - Nguyen, Hieu Lan AU - Nguyen HL AD - Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam. FAU - Le, Linh Thuy AU - Le LT AD - Laboratory of Embryology and Genetics of Human Malformation, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR (National Institute of Health and Medical Research, Mixed Research Unit), 75015 Paris, France. FAU - Nguyen, Ninh Thi AU - Nguyen NT AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-6658-8675 AD - Department of Occupational Health, Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam. FAU - Vu, Thao Thu Thi AU - Vu TTT AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-0413-3707 AD - General Daycare Inpatient Department, Hanoi Oncology Hospital, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam. FAU - Koriyama, Chihaya AU - Koriyama C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3676-8866 AD - Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan. FAU - Nguyen, Ha AU - Nguyen H AD - Department of Computer Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA. FAU - Nguyen, Tin C AU - Nguyen TC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8001-9470 AD - Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA. AD - Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA. FAU - Vo, Nam S AU - Vo NS AD - VinUni Big Data Research Institute, VinUniversity, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam. FAU - Wu, Lang AU - Wu L AD - LSU-LCMC Health Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA. FAU - Cullen, Jennifer AU - Cullen J AD - Dr. Mary and Ron Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA. AD - Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA. FAU - Luu, Hung N AU - Luu HN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2172-1849 AD - University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA. AD - Dr. Mary and Ron Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA. AD - Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260615 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 0 (Tea) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Tea MH - Male MH - Prospective Studies MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - Vietnam/epidemiology MH - Risk Factors MH - Adult MH - Proportional Hazards Models MH - *Mortality MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - Child MH - Cause of Death MH - Aged PMC - PMC13304542 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Vietnam OT - all-cause mortality OT - green tea OT - prospective cohort study OT - risk COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/26 10:10 MHDA- 2026/06/27 07:10 PMCR- 2026/06/15 CRDT- 2026/06/26 01:17 PHST- 2026/03/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 07:10 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/26 10:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/26 01:17 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18121937 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01937 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18121937 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Jun 15;18(12):1937. doi: 10.3390/nu18121937. PMID- 42356309 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260626 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 12 DP - 2026 Jun 13 TI - Completion Rates of Food Frequency Questionnaires and Food Records in People with Chronic Conditions: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. LID - 10.3390/nu18121922 [doi] LID - 1922 AB - Background/Objectives: Dietary assessment tools are essential for quantifying food and nutrient intake, characterising dietary patterns, and informing nutrition research. Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQs) and Food Records (FRs) are widely implemented in observational studies, but completion rates vary, which may compromise data quality, introduce bias, and limit the interpretation of findings. This review is intended to synthesise evidence from observational studies on completion rates of these tools in populations with chronic conditions. Methods: A systematic search of Medline, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar was completed. Eligible studies were observational studies using an FFQ or FR published from January 2015 to May 2025 in people with a chronic condition. Methodological quality was evaluated using the Hoy Risk of Bias tool for observational studies of prevalence. Subgroup meta-analyses estimated pooled mean completion proportions with 95% confidence intervals, and heterogeneity was assessed using the I(2) statistic. This study was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews and reported according to PRISMA guidelines. Results: Of the 8921 records screened, 88 studies (n = 84,579 participants) met inclusion criteria. The combined FFQ and food record mean pooled completion rate was 79.1% (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 74.37-83.43%). However, substantial heterogeneity was observed, indicating considerable variability across studies. Subgroup analyses highlighted important differences by tool type, format, age group, and disease category. FFQs demonstrated higher completion rates (80.6%) than FRs (74.3%). Electronic formats had higher completion rates than paper formats. Completion rates were higher in adults than in pediatric cohorts, and varied by chronic condition type, with kidney disease associated with the highest completion rates. Conclusions: These findings highlight the importance of considering tailored dietary data collection strategies, particularly for paediatric and medically complex populations, and provide direction for enhancing the feasibility of dietary assessment collection in future research. FAU - Kyei, Amanda AU - Kyei A AD - School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia. FAU - Miglioretto, Chiara AU - Miglioretto C AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-2013-3155 AD - School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia. AD - Health Innovations, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia. FAU - Perez, Geraldine AU - Perez G AD - School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia. AD - Health Innovations, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia. FAU - Lambert, Kelly AU - Lambert K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5935-7328 AD - School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia. AD - Health Innovations, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia. AD - Kidney Lifestyle Research Group, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Meta-Analysis PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20260613 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Chronic Disease MH - *Diet Records MH - *Nutrition Assessment MH - *Diet Surveys MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Observational Studies as Topic MH - Female MH - Feeding Behavior MH - Adult MH - Diet MH - Male MH - Middle Aged PMC - PMC13306072 OTO - NOTNLM OT - chronic disease OT - dietary assessment OT - food frequency questionnaire OT - food record OT - meta-analysis OT - observational study OT - systematic review COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/26 16:10 MHDA- 2026/06/27 07:40 PMCR- 2026/06/13 CRDT- 2026/06/26 01:17 PHST- 2026/05/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 07:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/26 16:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/26 01:17 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18121922 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01922 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18121922 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Jun 13;18(12):1922. doi: 10.3390/nu18121922. PMID- 42356286 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260626 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 12 DP - 2026 Jun 11 TI - Socio-Demographic and Anthropometric Findings of Women Caregivers in Qwa-Qwa, Free State Province, South Africa. LID - 10.3390/nu18121898 [doi] LID - 1898 AB - Background: Women remain the primary caregivers globally, especially in rural, low-resource settings plagued by poverty, unemployment, low education and poor infrastructure. These factors limit caregiving capacity, heighten vulnerability and increase the risk of food insecurity in female-headed households. Objective: To establish a baseline profile of caregivers of primary school children. Methods: Phase 1 (baseline) of the study was conducted using a quantitative, exploratory cross-sectional survey design among 75 female caregivers of children aged 7-13 years in Qwa-Qwa, Free State Province. Participants were recruited using convenience sampling. Data were collected with a structured, pre-validated questionnaire on socio-demographics, alongside anthropometric measurements. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Results: Most participants were unemployed (73.3%) and had low educational attainment, with 86.7% having completed primary school or less. A substantial proportion of households (80.0%) reported a monthly income below R1000. Food insecurity was common, with 69.3% of caregivers reporting experiences of food shortages. Household infrastructure was limited, particularly in refuse removal services (96.0% without access). Despite these socio-economic constraints, a high prevalence of overweight and obesity (72.5%) was observed amongst the participants. Conclusions: Caregivers experience severe, overlapping socio-economic and environmental vulnerabilities alongside a high prevalence of overweight and obesity. The study highlights the need for multi-sectoral interventions focused on poverty reduction, rural infrastructure development, improved service delivery, women's empowerment and strengthened livelihood opportunities to improve household nutrition and resilience. FAU - Mangwane, Queen E M AU - Mangwane QEM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3863-4135 AD - Department of Hospitality Management, Faculty of Management Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0001, South Africa. FAU - Egal, Abdulkadir AU - Egal A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0303-6319 AD - Department of Tourism & Integrated Communication, Faculty of Human Sciences, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark 1900, South Africa. FAU - Oosthuizen, Delia AU - Oosthuizen D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7570-270X AD - Department of Tourism & Integrated Communication, Faculty of Human Sciences, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark 1900, South Africa. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260611 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - South Africa/epidemiology MH - *Caregivers/statistics & numerical data MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - Food Insecurity MH - Anthropometry MH - Adult MH - Socioeconomic Factors MH - Poverty MH - Overweight/epidemiology MH - Middle Aged MH - Food Supply MH - Obesity/epidemiology MH - Rural Population MH - Prevalence MH - Family Characteristics MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Sociodemographic Factors PMC - PMC13304777 OTO - NOTNLM OT - anthropometric status OT - malnutrition OT - socioeconomic vulnerability OT - women caregivers COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/26 16:10 MHDA- 2026/06/27 07:10 PMCR- 2026/06/11 CRDT- 2026/06/26 01:17 PHST- 2026/04/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 07:10 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/26 16:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/26 01:17 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18121898 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01898 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18121898 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Jun 11;18(12):1898. doi: 10.3390/nu18121898. PMID- 42356284 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260626 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 12 DP - 2026 Jun 11 TI - Sex-Stratified Correlates of Pulmonary Function in Mexican Children and Adolescents (6-17 Years) with Asthma: An Exploratory Analysis of HDL Cholesterol, BMI, and Pubertal Stage. LID - 10.3390/nu18121885 [doi] LID - 1885 AB - Background/Objectives: Pubertal maturation encompasses hormonal, somatic, and metabolic alterations that may influence pulmonary function in children with asthma. We evaluated the correlates of pulmonary function in pediatric asthma using sex-stratified analyses of pubertal stage, BMI z-score, asthma control (ACQ-6), and HDL cholesterol levels on FEV1, FVC, and the FEV1/FVC ratio (% predicted, NHANES III). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 118 children and adolescents with asthma (74 males and 44 females). The Tanner stages were categorized as pre-/early (I-II), mid (III), and late (IV). No participant had reached Tanner stage V at recruitment, and the reference category was composed predominantly of Tanner II participants; therefore, the pubertal contrast reflected early- versus mid-/late-pubertal physiology rather than a strictly prepubertal-versus-pubertal comparison. We performed hierarchical linear regression with bias-corrected and accelerated bootstrap inference (5000 replicates) for each sex and for all participants combined, complemented by a formal sex x predictor interaction test. Results: Mid- and late puberty were independently associated with reduced FEV1% and FVC% (beta -0.25 to -0.31), without affecting the FEV1/FVC ratio. Sex-stratified analyses were exploratory and identified apparently divergent predictor sets by sex: in males, the pubertal stage was significant in FEV1% and FVC% (beta -0.30 to -0.42), whereas the BMI z-score diminished the FEV1/FVC ratio (beta = -0.274). In females, FEV1% was associated with HDL-c (beta = 0.463), BMI z-score (beta = 0.429), and ACQ-6 score (beta = -0.306); the female FEV1/FVC% model showed a substantial apparent effect (Cohen's f(2) = 0.508), with ACQ-6 score and HDL-c as primary associated variables. The formal sex x predictor interaction test in the combined sample, however, did not reach statistical significance (DeltaR(2) = 0.037; p = 0.178), indicating that the sex-differential patterns observed in the stratified models were not confirmed as effect modifications. Conclusions: Sex-stratified exploratory analyses in this pediatric asthma cohort identified apparently divergent patterns of associations in males and females; however, the formal interaction test was not statistically significant, indicating that these stratified differences were not confirmed and require validation in adequately powered prospective cohorts. These findings identify HDL-c, body composition, and symptom control as candidate correlates of pulmonary function, with potential sex-related differences warranting further investigation. FAU - Reyes-Noriega, Nayely AU - Reyes-Noriega N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1701-7517 AD - Laboratorio de Investigacion en Alergia e Inmunologia, Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gomez, Dr Marquez 162, Cuauhtemoc, Mexico City 06720, Mexico. FAU - Leija-Martinez, Jose J AU - Leija-Martinez JJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7178-1786 AD - Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad "Dr. Ignacio Morones Prieto", IMSS-Bienestar, Av. Venustiano Carranza No. 2395, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico. FAU - Sanchez-Munoz, Fausto AU - Sanchez-Munoz F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6556-1632 AD - Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia Ignacio Chavez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico. FAU - Hernandez-Diazcouder, Adrian AU - Hernandez-Diazcouder A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6569-2851 AD - Unidad de Investigacion Medica en Bioquimica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico. FAU - Alonso, Claudia Tavera AU - Alonso CT AD - Laboratorio Central, Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia Ignacio Chavez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico. FAU - Villafana, Santiago AU - Villafana S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8660-7393 AD - Laboratorio de Terapia Genica Experimental, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico. FAU - Diaz, Dario Jorge Mario Molina AU - Diaz DJMM AD - Departamento de Endocrinologia, Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gomez, Dr Marquez 162, Cuauhtemoc, Mexico City 06720, Mexico. FAU - Del-Rio-Navarro, Blanca E AU - Del-Rio-Navarro BE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6441-8869 AD - Laboratorio de Investigacion en Alergia e Inmunologia, Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gomez, Dr Marquez 162, Cuauhtemoc, Mexico City 06720, Mexico. FAU - Huang, Fengyang AU - Huang F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6503-694X AD - Laboratorio de Investigacion en Obesidad y Asma, Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gomez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico. LA - eng GR - HIM/2021/023.SSa. 1748/Federal Government of Mexico/ GR - HIM/2022/044.SSa. 1809/Federal Government of Mexico/ GR - HIM/2023/015 SSa. 1857/Federal Government of Mexico/ GR - HIM/2024/045 SSa. 1943/Federal Government of Mexico/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260611 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 0 (Cholesterol, HDL) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Asthma/physiopathology/blood MH - *Cholesterol, HDL/blood MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Body Mass Index MH - *Puberty/physiology MH - Mexico MH - Sex Factors MH - *Lung/physiopathology MH - Respiratory Function Tests MH - Forced Expiratory Volume MH - Vital Capacity PMC - PMC13305537 OTO - NOTNLM OT - FEV1 OT - FVC OT - HDL cholesterol OT - adolescents OT - asthma OT - asthma control OT - children OT - pubertal development OT - sex differences COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/26 16:10 MHDA- 2026/06/27 07:10 PMCR- 2026/06/11 CRDT- 2026/06/26 01:17 PHST- 2026/05/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 07:10 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/26 16:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/26 01:17 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18121885 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01885 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18121885 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Jun 11;18(12):1885. doi: 10.3390/nu18121885. PMID- 42356236 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260626 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 12 DP - 2026 Jun 8 TI - Feasibility and Preliminary Dietary Outcomes of the Smart Family Lifestyle Counseling Intervention in Greek Primary Care: A Single-Arm Pilot Study from Health4Eukids. LID - 10.3390/nu18121848 [doi] LID - 1848 AB - BACKGROUND: Childhood obesity is a complex public health issue in which parental perceptions and family dietary behaviors are pivotal. This study assessed the feasibility of the Smart Family lifestyle counseling intervention in Greek primary care. It explored changes in children's dietary behaviors relative to parental weight perception and Mediterranean diet adherence. METHODS: A single-arm pretest-posttest pilot study was conducted in Patras, Greece, from Health4EUKids Joint Action. The intervention consisted of four monthly face-to-face counseling sessions using the Smart Family methodology. In total, 49 parent-child dyads (aged 2-12 years) completed the program. Data collection included child anthropometric measurements, validated food frequency questionnaires, parental perception of child weight status, and parental Mediterranean diet adherence. RESULTS: Parents who underestimated their child's weight status had significantly higher Mediterranean diet scores than those who overestimated (p = 0.032); those with low adherence tended to overestimate and those with moderate adherence to underestimate. The largest reduction was observed for sweets and desserts (median -2.35 servings/week), with significant reductions in sugar-sweetened beverages, grains and cereals, whole wheat products, and dairy. Fish and vegetable intake increased significantly, but fruit intake did not change. Changes in fast food and red meat differed significantly across Mediterranean diet score tertiles, with larger decreases in the lower tertiles. CONCLUSIONS: Smart Family counseling was feasible to deliver through trained healthcare professionals in Greek primary care over four months, with reductions in selected discretionary foods observed alongside the intervention. Parental weight perception and Mediterranean diet adherence emerged as potential barriers to change although the findings are exploratory and require confirmation in a future controlled trial. FAU - Magriplis, Emmanuella AU - Magriplis E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6517-6857 AD - Laboratory of Dietetics & Quality of Life, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece. AD - Laboratory of Public Health, Epidemiology and Quality of Life, Medical School, University of Patras, 26540 Patras, Greece. FAU - Myrintzou, Niki AU - Myrintzou N AD - Laboratory of Dietetics & Quality of Life, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece. FAU - Desli, Ios-Ioanna AU - Desli II AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-5221-841X AD - Laboratory of Hygiene, Social & Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece. FAU - Papachatzi, Eleni AU - Papachatzi E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4095-6827 AD - Department of Pediatrics, University General Hospital of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece. FAU - Vantarakis, Apostolos AU - Vantarakis A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4411-3739 AD - Laboratory of Public Health, Epidemiology and Quality of Life, Medical School, University of Patras, 26540 Patras, Greece. LA - eng GR - 101079944/European Health and Digital Executive Agency/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260608 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Pilot Projects MH - Greece MH - Male MH - Female MH - Feasibility Studies MH - Primary Health Care MH - *Counseling/methods MH - Child MH - Diet, Mediterranean MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Pediatric Obesity/prevention & control MH - *Life Style MH - Parents/psychology MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Adult PMC - PMC13304528 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Mediterranean diet OT - Smart Family OT - childhood obesity OT - dietary behavior OT - family-based intervention OT - feasibility OT - parental perception OT - pilot study OT - primary care COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2026/06/26 06:38 MHDA- 2026/06/27 07:10 PMCR- 2026/06/08 CRDT- 2026/06/26 01:17 PHST- 2026/05/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 07:10 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/26 06:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/26 01:17 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18121848 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01848 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18121848 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Jun 8;18(12):1848. doi: 10.3390/nu18121848. PMID- 42356232 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260626 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 12 DP - 2026 Jun 8 TI - Comparing a 7-Day Food Diary and Repeated 24-Hour Dietary Recall for Estimating Usual and Operational Definitions of Acute Intake in Danish Adults. LID - 10.3390/nu18121845 [doi] LID - 1845 AB - Background: Accurate dietary assessment is essential for estimating habitual and acute exposures. This study compared a 7-day food diary (7dFD) and repeated 24-h dietary recall (2x24hDR) for habitual and acute intake. Habitual fish and n-3 PUFA estimates were evaluated against whole-blood EPA and DHA, and acute intake of fish, rye bread, and coffee was explored using operational indicators. Methods: In a within-subject comparative design, 120 Danish adults aged 18-60 years completed both methods. Fish and n-3 fatty acid intakes were compared with whole-blood EPA and DHA. Usual fish intake from 2x24hDR was estimated using the Multiple Source Method (MSM) with Food Propensity Questionnaire (FPQ) data. Acute intake was assessed using single-day, consumption-day, single-meal, maximum-day, and meal-weighted estimates. Results: EPA, DHA, total fish, and fatty fish intakes estimated from the 7dFD and MSM-adjusted 2x24hDR correlated with biomarkers r = 0.23-0.46. Supplement inclusion improved EPA and DHA correlations (r = 0.26-0.59). The unadjusted 2x24hDR identified fewer fish consumers than the 7dFD (63% vs. 88%), whereas FPQ-based modelling identified 97%. Acute intake estimates varied by method and definition: the 2x24hDR produced higher short-term and upper- percentile estimates, while the 7dFD produced more stable distributions. Limitations include modest sample size, upper-percentile uncertainty, and non-equivalent supplement assessment. Conclusions: In this adult convenience sample, the 7dFD provided more stable habitual intake estimates, whereas the 2x24hDR produced higher short-term and upper-percentile estimates under the applied operational acute-intake definitions. These findings are context-dependent and should not be taken as evidence that either method is generally superior. FAU - Biltoft-Jensen, Anja AU - Biltoft-Jensen A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6607-7575 AD - National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark. FAU - Aristizabal-Henao, Juan J AU - Aristizabal-Henao JJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2085-2396 AD - BPGbio, BPGbio Inc., Waltham, MA 02451, USA. AD - Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. FAU - Stark, Ken D AU - Stark KD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7828-4072 AD - Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. FAU - Christensen, Tue AU - Christensen T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7693-7359 AD - National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260608 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 25167-62-8 (Docosahexaenoic Acids) RN - AAN7QOV9EA (Eicosapentaenoic Acid) RN - 0 (Fatty Acids, Omega-3) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adult MH - *Diet Records MH - Middle Aged MH - Male MH - Female MH - Denmark MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - *Mental Recall MH - *Diet MH - Docosahexaenoic Acids/blood/administration & dosage MH - Fishes MH - Eicosapentaenoic Acid/blood/administration & dosage MH - Seafood MH - Animals MH - Nutrition Assessment MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Fatty Acids, Omega-3/blood/administration & dosage PMC - PMC13306161 OTO - NOTNLM OT - 24-h dietary recall OT - 7-day food diary OT - DHA OT - EPA OT - acute dietary intake OT - dietary assessment OT - fish intake OT - usual dietary intake OT - validation OT - whole-blood biomarkers COIS- K.S. is on the Board of Directors of the International Society for the Study of Fatty Acids and Lipids (ISSFAL). J.J.A.-H. completed this research at the University of Waterloo during his Ph.D. and currently works for BPGbio Inc., a company that provides lipidomic analyses. The company and the Board of Directors of ISSFAL had no role in the design of the study; in data collection, in analysis, or interpretation; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish. A.B. and T.C declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/26 06:38 MHDA- 2026/06/27 07:41 PMCR- 2026/06/08 CRDT- 2026/06/26 01:17 PHST- 2026/04/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 07:41 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/26 06:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/26 01:17 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18121845 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01845 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18121845 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Jun 8;18(12):1845. doi: 10.3390/nu18121845. PMID- 42355722 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260626 LR - 20260813 IS - 2077-0383 (Print) IS - 2077-0383 (Electronic) IS - 2077-0383 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 12 DP - 2026 Jun 12 TI - Concordance Between Anthropometric Formula Predictions and Chest Radiograph-Confirmed Endotracheal Tube Depth in Young Infants: A Retrospective Cohort Study from Saudi Arabia. LID - 10.3390/jcm15124554 [doi] LID - 4554 AB - Background: Accurate endotracheal tube (ETT) insertion depth is critical in infants and young children, where tracheal malposition carries significant risk. Formula-based depth estimation is widely used at the bedside, but the performance of published formulas in children under two years of age admitted to a general PICU remains poorly characterized. Methods: A retrospective, single-center study was conducted at the PICU of King Saud Medical City, Riyadh. A total of 115 patients aged 1-24 months requiring orotracheal intubation were included. ETT depth was predicted using five established formulas: height-based [(H/10)+5], weight-based [W+6], ETT size-based [ETTx3], Lee weight-based [5.5+0.5W], and Lee height-based [3+0.1H]. Agreement between predicted and radiographically confirmed insertion depth was assessed using Lin's concordance correlation coefficient (CCC), Bland-Altman analysis, and clinical classification of predictions. Results: None of the five formulas achieved acceptable concordance (CCC < 0.75 for all). The height-based formula performed best among published formulas, with negligible bias and the highest proportion of clinically acceptable predictions. Both Lee formulas showed near-universal systematic underestimation and are not suitable for this age group. Over half of all intubations resulted in non-ideal ETT position on the first post-intubation chest X-ray. Novel cohort-derived regression equations outperformed all published formulas, with the weight-based equation (Depth = 0.385 x Weight + 9.145) emerging as the strongest predictor of insertion depth. Conclusions: No published formula achieved reliable concordance with radiographic ETT depth in children aged 1-24 months. The cohort-derived weight-based formula represents a more accurate bedside tool for this population and warrants prospective external validation. Post-intubation radiographic verification remains essential. FAU - Mavrych, Volodymyr AU - Mavrych V AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-1159-4573 AD - College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Majeed, Kashif AU - Majeed K AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-0870-639X AD - Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh 12746, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alshehri, Saleh AU - Alshehri S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-0388-5102 AD - Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh 12746, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Yasmin, Uzma AU - Yasmin U AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-0147-8814 AD - Pediatric Emergency, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Kashif, Muhammad Rayyan AU - Kashif MR AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-1665-6888 AD - College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Kashif, Ayesha AU - Kashif A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-6208-2131 AD - College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Mahdi, Warda AU - Mahdi W AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-7040-8222 AD - College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Talha, Raghd AU - Talha R AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-1238-8213 AD - College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Bolgova, Olena AU - Bolgova O AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-9496-9754 AD - College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260612 PL - Switzerland TA - J Clin Med JT - Journal of clinical medicine JID - 101606588 PMC - PMC13301687 OTO - NOTNLM OT - concordance correlation coefficient OT - endotracheal tube OT - insertion depth OT - intensive care OT - pediatric intubation COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise. EDAT- 2026/06/26 13:10 MHDA- 2026/06/26 13:11 PMCR- 2026/06/12 CRDT- 2026/06/26 01:15 PHST- 2026/05/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/26 13:11 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/26 13:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/26 01:15 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jcm15124554 [pii] AID - jcm-15-04554 [pii] AID - 10.3390/jcm15124554 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Clin Med. 2026 Jun 12;15(12):4554. doi: 10.3390/jcm15124554. PMID- 42354335 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260626 LR - 20261024 IS - 1660-4601 (Electronic) IS - 1661-7827 (Print) IS - 1660-4601 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun 17 TI - Association Between Physical Activity, Body Mass Index, and Aerobic Capacity in Periurban Adolescents. LID - 10.3390/ijerph23060806 [doi] LID - 806 AB - Adolescence is a critical window for health behavior consolidation, yet the combined influence of physical activity level (PAL) and the body mass index (BMI) on aerobic capacity remains understudied, especially in transitioning periurban environments. This study examined the association between PAL, BMI, and aerobic capacity in adolescents from Monteria, Colombia. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 112 adolescents (aged 12-17 years). Aerobic capacity was assessed using the 20 m shuttle run test (Course Navette), and PAL was measured via the validated Assessment of Physical Activity Levels Questionnaire (APALQ), following standard fitness assessment protocols. Multivariable linear regression models were utilized to estimate independent associations, adjusting for age and sex. The multivariable model was significant (F = 8.45; p < 0.001), explaining 21% of the variance in aerobic capacity (adjusted R(2) = 0.21). PAL was positively and independently associated with aerobic capacity (B = 0.22; 95% CI: 0.05-0.38; p = 0.010), regardless of BMI. While age showed a positive association (B = 0.09; p = 0.032) and sex was inversely associated (B = -0.39; p < 0.001), BMI did not emerge as an independent predictor in the adjusted model (B = -0.04; p = 0.080). Aerobic capacity in adolescents is more consistently explained by behavioral factors (what they "do") than by anthropometric status (what they "weigh"). These findings support a paradigm shift in pediatric public health, prioritizing high-intensity movement overweight control to improve cardiorespiratory fitness in transitioning urban territories. FAU - Sepulveda, Fabian AU - Sepulveda F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2715-3184 AD - Programa de Maestria en Epidemiologia de la, Universidad del Sinu-Elias Bechara Zainum, Monteria 230001, Colombia. FAU - Penata-Taborda, Ana AU - Penata-Taborda A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8698-612X AD - Grupo de Investigacion Biomedica y Biologia Molecular, Universidad del Sinu-Elias Bechara Zainum, Monteria 230001, Colombia. FAU - Bru-Cordero, Osnamir AU - Bru-Cordero O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9425-9475 AD - Direccion Academica, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede de La Paz, Cesar 200017, Colombia. FAU - Montoya-Alvarez, Leily AU - Montoya-Alvarez L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3806-7986 AD - Grupo de Investigacion MOSABI, Universidad del Sinu-Elias Bechara Zainum, Monteria 230001, Colombia. FAU - Humanez-Alvarez, Alicia AU - Humanez-Alvarez A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3114-6235 AD - Grupo de Investigacion Biomedica y Biologia Molecular, Universidad del Sinu-Elias Bechara Zainum, Monteria 230001, Colombia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260617 PL - Switzerland TA - Int J Environ Res Public Health JT - International journal of environmental research and public health JID - 101238455 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Body Mass Index MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Male MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Child MH - *Exercise MH - Colombia MH - *Cardiorespiratory Fitness MH - *Physical Fitness PMC - PMC13299683 OTO - NOTNLM OT - behavioral determinants and multivariable analysis OT - cardiorespiratory fitness OT - nutritional status OT - periurban health COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; the writing of the manuscript; or the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2026/06/26 13:10 MHDA- 2026/06/27 04:10 PMCR- 2026/06/17 CRDT- 2026/06/26 01:10 PHST- 2025/12/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 04:10 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/26 13:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/26 01:10 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ijerph23060806 [pii] AID - ijerph-23-00806 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijerph23060806 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2026 Jun 17;23(6):806. doi: 10.3390/ijerph23060806. PMID- 42354263 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260626 LR - 20260813 IS - 1660-4601 (Electronic) IS - 1661-7827 (Print) IS - 1660-4601 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 6 DP - 2026 May 30 TI - Psychological Distress and Associated Factors Among High-School Students in Makkah, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study Using the Arabic GHQ-30. LID - 10.3390/ijerph23060733 [doi] LID - 733 AB - BACKGROUND: Mental health problems often begin in adolescence, yet early detection and intervention remain limited. This study assesses the prevalence of psychological distress and its correlates among high-school students in Makkah, Saudi Arabia, and explores whether specific symptom clusters of depression, anxiety and bipolar/mania can be identified using the General Health Questionnaire-30 (GHQ-30). METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted during the 2025-2026 academic year using stratified cluster sampling. A total of 535 students aged 15-18 years completed a questionnaire containing the validated Arabic GHQ-30 and demographic, socioeconomic and lifestyle items. The GHQ-30 was scored with binary 0-0-1-1 scoring (cut-off >/= 6) to define cases of psychological distress. Item clusters were used to screen for probable depression, anxiety and bipolar/mania. Descriptive statistics characterized the sample. Associations were examined using chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS: Overall, 70.5% of participants screened positive for psychological distress. The prevalences of probable depression, anxiety and bipolar/mania were 33.1%, 28.2% and 31.2%, respectively. In adjusted models, female gender, insufficient sleep, lack of physical activity and exposure to bullying were associated with increased odds of psychological distress; longer sleep was protective. History of mental health conditions was a strong predictor of probable depression, whereas medication use was protective. Older age and higher paternal education were protective for anxiety. Bullying was the most consistent predictor across all symptom clusters. CONCLUSIONS: Psychological distress is highly prevalent among Makkah high-school students. Key determinants include gender, sleep duration, lack of physical activity and bullying. Routine school-based mental health screening, sleep-hygiene education, anti-bullying initiatives and early referral pathways are warranted. Further research should examine and validate GHQ-30 item clusters for specific disorders. FAU - Hashim, Arwa Hesham AU - Hashim AH AD - Saudi Board Program of Preventive Medicine, Program, Makkah Health Cluster, Makkah 24242, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Khan, Adeel Ahmed AU - Khan AA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2724-8113 AD - Saudi Board Program of Preventive Medicine, Program, Makkah Health Cluster, Makkah 24242, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Hayat, Aalia Akhtar AU - Hayat AA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6609-0879 AD - Department of Child Psychiatry, Maternity and Children Hospital, Makkah Health Cluster, Makkah 24242, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260530 PL - Switzerland TA - Int J Environ Res Public Health JT - International journal of environmental research and public health JID - 101238455 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Saudi Arabia/epidemiology MH - Adolescent MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - *Students/psychology/statistics & numerical data MH - Male MH - *Psychological Distress MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Prevalence MH - *Stress, Psychological/epidemiology MH - Depression/epidemiology PMC - PMC13299696 OTO - NOTNLM OT - GHQ-30 OT - Saudi Arabia OT - adolescent mental health OT - bullying OT - cross-sectional study OT - high-school students OT - physical activity OT - psychological distress OT - school-based screening OT - sleep duration COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/26 06:38 MHDA- 2026/06/27 07:10 PMCR- 2026/05/30 CRDT- 2026/06/26 01:10 PHST- 2026/04/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 07:10 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/26 06:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/26 01:10 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ijerph23060733 [pii] AID - ijerph-23-00733 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijerph23060733 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2026 May 30;23(6):733. doi: 10.3390/ijerph23060733. PMID- 42354229 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260626 LR - 20260813 IS - 1660-4601 (Electronic) IS - 1661-7827 (Print) IS - 1660-4601 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 6 DP - 2026 May 25 TI - Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Preventive Strategies of Hypertension Among Young Adults in the United Arab Emirates. LID - 10.3390/ijerph23060698 [doi] LID - 698 AB - Background: Hypertension is one of the most common noncommunicable diseases. Objectives: This research assessed the magnitude of hypertension among young adults, identified its key determinants, and explored potential strategies adopted for prevention. Methods: A cross-sectional design was employed, including 1606 participants aged 18 years and older, recruited through convenience sampling from universities and community settings. Data were collected using a content-validated questionnaire covering sociodemographic information, personal and family medical history, and lifestyle habits. Results: Of the participants, 993 (61.8%) reported hypertension, nearly double previous national estimates. Male gender, age >/= 30 years, and family history were significant risk factors, along with smoking, alcohol use, sedentary lifestyle, and unhealthy diet, while physical activity and dietary modification were protective. Despite high prevalence, only 22.1% had controlled blood pressure and 17.8% adhered to medication, with 51.5% relying on herbal remedies. Conclusions: These findings highlight the urgent need for early screening, youth-focused awareness, and culturally tailored interventions to reduce hypertension and prevent long-term cardiovascular complications. Hypertension among young adults in the UAE is a major public health concern, requiring integrated strategies combining education, lifestyle modification, and medical management to improve outcomes. FAU - Raid Hussain Aljubori, Aws AU - Raid Hussain Aljubori A AD - Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman P.O. Box 4184, United Arab Emirates. FAU - Abutartour, Mahmoud Nabil M AU - Abutartour MNM AD - Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman P.O. Box 4184, United Arab Emirates. FAU - Abdulla Darwish Ali, Ibrahim AU - Abdulla Darwish Ali I AD - Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman P.O. Box 4184, United Arab Emirates. FAU - Ghaith Al Haj Younes, Mohammed AU - Ghaith Al Haj Younes M AD - Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman P.O. Box 4184, United Arab Emirates. FAU - Muttappallymyalil, Jayakumary AU - Muttappallymyalil J AD - Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman P.O. Box 4184, United Arab Emirates. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260525 PL - Switzerland TA - Int J Environ Res Public Health JT - International journal of environmental research and public health JID - 101238455 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Hypertension/epidemiology/prevention & control/etiology MH - Male MH - Female MH - Risk Factors MH - United Arab Emirates/epidemiology MH - Prevalence MH - Young Adult MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Life Style MH - Surveys and Questionnaires PMC - PMC13299299 OTO - NOTNLM OT - UAE OT - hypertension OT - prevalence OT - preventive practices OT - young adults COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/26 16:10 MHDA- 2026/06/27 04:10 PMCR- 2026/05/25 CRDT- 2026/06/26 01:10 PHST- 2026/04/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 04:10 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/26 16:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/26 01:10 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ijerph23060698 [pii] AID - ijerph-23-00698 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijerph23060698 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2026 May 25;23(6):698. doi: 10.3390/ijerph23060698. PMID- 42353995 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260626 LR - 20260813 IS - 2227-9067 (Print) IS - 2227-9067 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9067 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun 17 TI - Physical Activity as a Mediator of the Relationship Between Mediterranean Diet Adherence and Anxiety Symptoms in Chilean Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study. LID - 10.3390/children13060825 [doi] LID - 825 AB - BACKGROUND: Adolescent mental health is a global concern, with lifestyle factors such as diet and physical activity (PA) playing a crucial role. While the Mediterranean Diet adherence (MDA) is known for its neuroprotective benefits on mental health, the mechanisms by which they are related remain unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was twofold: (1) to examine the associations between MDA, PA, and screen time (ST) with anxiety symptoms, depression, stress, and total psychological distress in Chilean adolescents; and (2) to determine whether PA mediates the relationship between MDA and anxiety symptoms. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 322 Chilean school-aged adolescents 158 males and 164 females (14.98 +/- 1.96 years). Mental health outcomes (depression, anxiety, and stress) and lifestyle behaviors, including MDA, PA, and ST, were comprehensively assessed using validated self-reported questionnaires. RESULTS: After adjusting for age and sex, multiple linear regression models showed that higher MDA was significantly and inversely associated with anxiety (b = -0.23, p = 0.044), stress (b = -0.25, p = 0.022), and total psychological distress (b = -0.72, p = 0.022). Conversely, ST was identified as a consistent risk factor, positively predicting higher levels of anxiety (b = 0.45, p = 0.008), stress (b = 0.42, p = 0.008), and total distress (b = 1.11, p = 0.014). Furthermore, PA was inversely linked to anxiety (b = -0.35, p = 0.013) and successfully mediated the relationship between MDA and anxiety symptoms (Indirect Effect = -0.047, 95% CI: -0.10 to -0.01). No significant mediation effects were observed for depression or stress. CONCLUSIONS: The present study identifies robust inverse associations between MDA and symptoms of anxiety, depression, and stress in Chilean adolescents. A key finding is the specific pattern of relationships observed: while higher MDA is directly linked to lower levels of depression and stress, its association with anxiety is shared with levels of PA. Despite these findings, the cross-sectional nature of the study limits the establishment of causal relationships, and further longitudinal research is needed to confirm these directional pathways. FAU - Caamano-Navarrete, Felipe AU - Caamano-Navarrete F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6884-589X AD - Physical Education Career, Universidad Autonoma de Chile, Temuco 4780000, Chile. FAU - Hernandez-Mosqueira, Claudio AU - Hernandez-Mosqueira C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9392-2319 AD - Departamento de Ciencias de la Educacion, Universidad del Bio-Bio, Chillan 3780000, Chile. FAU - Contreras-Diaz, Guido AU - Contreras-Diaz G AD - Escuela de Kinesiologia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Rehabilitacion y Calidad de Vida, Universidad San Sebastian, Lago Panguipulli 1390, Puerto Montt 5501842, Chile. FAU - Del-Cuerpo, Indya AU - Del-Cuerpo I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2949-7896 AD - Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain. FAU - Jerez-Mayorga, Daniel AU - Jerez-Mayorga D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6878-8004 AD - Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain. AD - Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 7591538, Chile. FAU - Herrera-Valenzuela, Tomas AU - Herrera-Valenzuela T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5219-5896 AD - Department of Physical Activity, Sports and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 8370003, Chile. FAU - Guzman-Munoz, Eduardo AU - Guzman-Munoz E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7001-9004 AD - School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health, Universidad Santo Tomas, Talca 3460000, Chile. FAU - Hernandez-Martinez, Jordan AU - Hernandez-Martinez J AD - Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno 5290000, Chile. AD - Department of Education, Faculty of Humanities, Universidad de la Serena, La Serena 1700000, Chile. FAU - Valdes-Badilla, Pablo AU - Valdes-Badilla P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3948-8280 AD - Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Faculty of Education Sciences, Universidad Catolica del Maule, Talca 3460000, Chile. AD - Sports Coach Career, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Vina del Mar, Vina del Mar 2520000, Chile. FAU - Nunez-Espinosa, Cristian AU - Nunez-Espinosa C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9896-7062 AD - Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas 6200000, Chile. AD - Centro Asistencial Docente y de Investigacion, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas 6200000, Chile. AD - Red Interuniversitaria de Envejecimiento Saludable de Latinoamerica y Caribe (RIES-LAC), Punta Arenas 6200000, Chile. FAU - Delgado-Floody, Pedro AU - Delgado-Floody P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9952-993X AD - Department of Physical Education, Sport and Recreation, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260617 PL - Switzerland TA - Children (Basel) JT - Children (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101648936 PMC - PMC13298326 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - anxiety OT - depression OT - mediation analysis OT - mediterranean diet OT - mental health OT - physical activity COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/26 13:10 MHDA- 2026/06/26 13:11 PMCR- 2026/06/17 CRDT- 2026/06/26 01:09 PHST- 2026/04/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/26 13:11 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/26 13:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/26 01:09 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - children13060825 [pii] AID - children-13-00825 [pii] AID - 10.3390/children13060825 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Children (Basel). 2026 Jun 17;13(6):825. doi: 10.3390/children13060825. PMID- 42352833 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260626 LR - 20260813 IS - 2076-328X (Print) IS - 2076-328X (Electronic) IS - 2076-328X (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun 15 TI - Daily Routines and Habits in Individuals with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Scoping Review. LID - 10.3390/bs16061000 [doi] LID - 1000 AB - This scoping review examined the current literature on routines and habits in individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). To our knowledge, research in this area remains limited. Therefore, this review mapped which areas of daily routines are most affected in children and adults with ADHD and explored related assessments and interventions. A comprehensive search was conducted across four databases: PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, and PsycINFO, using keywords including "attention deficit hyperactivity disorder," "ADHD," "routine," "habit," and "lifestyle." The findings identified four main domains in which individuals with ADHD experience difficulties: sleep hygiene, feeding, physical activity, and sedentary behaviors, with sleep hygiene addressed in more than half of the included studies. Study habits were addressed in only one included study. Among the 31 included studies, six involved interventions. The review also found that no validated assessment was specifically designed to measure routines or habits in individuals with ADHD, and that broader measures of routines, habits, or lifestyle were often non-validated or developed for a single project. Overall, the existing studies were concentrated primarily in pediatric populations, with limited research involving adults. These findings highlight important gaps in the literature and underscore the need for more research on routines and habits in adults with ADHD. They also support the development of assessments and interventions that specifically address these areas. FAU - Almudayfir, Ibrahim AU - Almudayfir I AD - Occupational Therapy Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 1148, Saudi Arabia. AD - Rehabilitation Science Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. FAU - Abdulkarim, Lama AU - Abdulkarim L AD - Independent Researcher, Riyadh 13343, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Rosenstein, Rachael AU - Rosenstein R AD - Outreach Therapy, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. FAU - Yuen, Hon K AU - Yuen HK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5696-1845 AD - Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260615 PL - Switzerland TA - Behav Sci (Basel) JT - Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101576826 PMC - PMC13295911 OTO - NOTNLM OT - ADHD OT - habit OT - lifestyle OT - routine OT - scoping review COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/26 13:10 MHDA- 2026/06/26 13:11 PMCR- 2026/06/15 CRDT- 2026/06/26 01:05 PHST- 2026/02/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/26 13:11 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/26 13:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/26 01:05 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bs16061000 [pii] AID - behavsci-16-01000 [pii] AID - 10.3390/bs16061000 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Behav Sci (Basel). 2026 Jun 15;16(6):1000. doi: 10.3390/bs16061000. PMID- 42352707 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260626 LR - 20260813 IS - 2076-328X (Print) IS - 2076-328X (Electronic) IS - 2076-328X (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun 1 TI - Predicting Intrinsic Motivation After an Adventure Education Program in Primary Schools: Enjoyment, Self-Confidence and Resilience According to Gender. LID - 10.3390/bs16060874 [doi] LID - 874 AB - This study aimed to describe the pre-post changes in intrinsic motivation observed following the implementation of a parkour-based Adventure Education (AE) program in primary school students, and to examine the role of enjoyment, self-confidence, and resilience as variables statistically associated with intrinsic motivation, considering differences according to time (pre-test-post-test) and gender. The sample consisted of 492 fifth- and sixth-grade primary education students (249 boys and 243 girls) with a mean age of 10.67 years, enrolled in 12 Spanish schools. A quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test measures was used following the implementation of a seven-session program based on the Pedagogical Model of Adventure Education. Data were collected using instruments validated in the Spanish population: the intrinsic motivation subscale of the Perceived Locus of Causality Scale, the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale to measure enjoyment, the self-confidence subscale of the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory, and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale to assess resilience. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 28.0 software, conducting descriptive analyses, correlations, and hierarchical multiple linear regressions to examine the statistical associations among the variables at each measurement point, along with a 2 x 2 repeated-measures ANOVA (time x gender). Post-test scores were significantly higher than pre-test scores for intrinsic motivation, enjoyment, self-confidence and resilience. Enjoyment was the variable most strongly statistically associated with intrinsic motivation, followed by self-confidence and resilience. The ANOVA showed a significant main effect of time, while no significant time x gender interaction was detected, meaning that the study found no evidence that the pre-post change differed between boys and girls. Given the single-arm pre-post design and the absence of a control group, these findings should be interpreted as preliminary descriptive evidence of pre-post change and associations, and not as a causal test of the program's effectiveness. FAU - Calmaestra-Sanchez, Andres AU - Calmaestra-Sanchez A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6916-2284 AD - Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Bodily Expression, University of Granada, 18015 Granada, Spain. FAU - Baena-Extremera, Antonio AU - Baena-Extremera A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3597-4038 AD - Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Bodily Expression, University of Granada, 18015 Granada, Spain. FAU - Gonzalez-Ruiz, Josue AU - Gonzalez-Ruiz J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4977-9433 AD - Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Bodily Expression, University of Granada, 18015 Granada, Spain. FAU - Sanchez-Fuentes, Jose Antonio AU - Sanchez-Fuentes JA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3575-3507 AD - Research Group Movement Sciences and Sport (MS&SPORT), Department of Physical Activity and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Murcia, 30720 Murcia, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260601 PL - Switzerland TA - Behav Sci (Basel) JT - Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101576826 PMC - PMC13296333 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adventure education OT - motivation OT - parkour COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/26 06:38 MHDA- 2026/06/26 06:39 PMCR- 2026/06/01 CRDT- 2026/06/26 01:05 PHST- 2026/04/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/26 06:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/26 06:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/26 01:05 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bs16060874 [pii] AID - behavsci-16-00874 [pii] AID - 10.3390/bs16060874 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Behav Sci (Basel). 2026 Jun 1;16(6):874. doi: 10.3390/bs16060874. PMID- 42351134 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260927 LR - 20260930 IS - 1472-6831 (Electronic) IS - 1472-6831 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 25 TI - Dietary patterns and oral health practices among primary school children aged 6-15 years in urban informal settlements of Eldoret City, Kenya. LID - 10.1186/s12903-026-08778-6 [doi] LID - 1850 AB - BACKGROUND: Dental caries remains one of the most prevalent chronic conditions among school-aged children, disproportionately affecting those in informal settlements where dietary risks and preventive oral health services are limited. AIM: This study assessed dietary patterns, oral hygiene practices, and their association with dental caries among primary school children aged 6-15 years in informal settlements of Eldoret City in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya. METHODS: The study adopted a school-based cross-sectional design and involved 407 primary school children selected using proportionate stratified random sampling. Data was collected using a validated and pretested structured questionnaire, while clinical oral assessment was based on WHO field guidelines for the examination of dental caries. Data was analyzed using SPSS v.26. Chi-square tests assessed associations, and bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to identify independent dietary patterns and oral hygiene practices associated with dental caries. RESULTS: Out of 407 children, 55.3% were females, and their average mean age was 12.15 +/- 2.98 years. The prevalence of dental caries was 26.0% (95% CI: 21.8-30.3). Daily consumption of sugary foods and beverages and suboptimal oral hygiene practices were relatively high. Multivariate logistic regression models revealed daily intake of biscuits, cakes, sweet pies, and buns (AOR = 2.31; 95% CI: 1.36-3.74; p = 0.004), daily consumption of sweets and candy (AOR = 2.42; 95% CI: 1.35-3.91; p = 0.006), brushing less than twice daily (AOR = 2.92; 95% CI: 1.18-3.87; p = 0.023), and not using fluoride toothpaste (AOR = 1.83; 95% CI: 1.12-2.61; p = 0.043) were independently associated with higher odds of dental caries among primary school children. CONCLUSION: Integrated school- and community-based prevention strategies targeting dietary patterns and oral hygiene promotion are urgently needed to reduce preventable oral health inequities among vulnerable schoolchildren. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Wandia, Florence AU - Wandia F AD - School of Health Sciences, University of Kabianga, Kericho, Kericho County, Kenya. FAU - Wanzala, Joel AU - Wanzala J AD - School of Health Sciences, University of Kabianga, Kericho, Kericho County, Kenya. abbysansiojoel@gmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260625 PL - England TA - BMC Oral Health JT - BMC oral health JID - 101088684 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Female MH - Kenya/epidemiology MH - Male MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adolescent MH - *Dental Caries/epidemiology MH - *Oral Hygiene/statistics & numerical data MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - *Diet/statistics & numerical data MH - Prevalence MH - *Oral Health MH - Toothbrushing/statistics & numerical data MH - Urban Population MH - Fluoride Treatment PMC - PMC13617819 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Dental caries OT - Dietary patterns OT - Informal settlement OT - Kenya OT - Oral health practices OT - School children COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Scientific Ethics Review Committee (ISERC) of the University of Eastern Africa Baraton (UEAB/ISERC/05/02/2025). The study received a research permit/license for the National Commission for Science, Technology and Innovation (NACOSTI/P/25/4175815). Additionally, permission was sought from the Ministry of Education and selected primary school administration. Informed consent was obtained from the parents or legal guardians of all the participants, as they aged 15 years and below. Researchers explained the aim, benefits, duration, and the activities that the study involved to parents and guardians. Participation was voluntary, and participants were informed that they could withdraw from the study at any time without consequences. Confidentiality and privacy were maintained by using anonymized data and private interviews. Additionally, the study adhered to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki on ethical research involving human participants. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/26 00:50 MHDA- 2026/09/28 05:33 PMCR- 2026/06/25 CRDT- 2026/06/25 23:59 PHST- 2026/02/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/28 05:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/26 00:50 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/25 23:59 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12903-026-08778-6 [pii] AID - 8778 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12903-026-08778-6 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Oral Health. 2026 Jun 25;26(1):1850. doi: 10.1186/s12903-026-08778-6. PMID- 42351094 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260909 LR - 20260918 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 25 TI - Strengthening cancer prevention in european schools: a randomized controlled trial of digital interventions in adolescents: the SUNRISE program. LID - 10.1186/s12889-026-28185-4 [doi] LID - 2558 AB - BACKGROUND: Cancer remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide, with a substantial proportion of cases attributable to modifiable lifestyle-related risk factors that emerge during adolescence and often persist into adulthood. Despite the importance of this developmental period for habit formation, evidence on scalable, theory-driven, and sustainable school-based prevention interventions remains limited. The SUNRISE project addresses this gap by evaluating a co-created, digitally supported life-skills programme designed for routine school settings. METHODS: SUNRISE is a pragmatic, multinational, cluster randomised controlled trial conducted in approximately 80 primary and secondary schools across eight European countries (Greece, Switzerland, Slovenia, Spain, Cyprus, Italy, Belgium, and Romania), recruiting around 4,000 students. Classes are randomised at the class level (3:1) to either a six-month digitally enhanced life-skills intervention or standard education. The primary aim of the study is to evaluate the feasibility, implementation, and sustainability of the intervention in real-world school settings, with secondary exploratory assessment of behavioural outcomes. The intervention integrates multiple digital components, including a mobile-based life-skills coaching programme, a conversational assistant, educational and serious games, influencer-led media literacy content, moderated social interaction platforms, and teacher-led educational modules. Intervention design is guided by the Capability-Opportunity-Motivation Behaviour (COM-B) model and developed through systematic co-creation with students, educators, parents, public health experts, and policymakers within a School Living Lab framework. Feasibility, implementation, and sustainability are evaluated using the RE-AIM and PRISM frameworks. Secondary behavioural outcomes include substance use, dietary and physical activity behaviours, mental well-being, stress, social skills, critical thinking towards media and advertising, and critical coping with food-related information, assessed at baseline, 6 months, and 18 months. DISCUSSION: SUNRISE integrates behavioural science, participatory design, and digital innovation to address adolescent health behaviours in real-world educational contexts. By embedding implementation and sustainability evaluation alongside behavioural outcomes, the study aims to generate actionable evidence on how multi-component digital interventions can be adopted, adapted, and maintained across diverse school systems. Findings are expected to inform future large-scale, theory-driven, equitable, and sustainable cancer prevention strategies targeting adolescents across Europe. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT06931847 (registration date: 2025-04-09). CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Barasoain, Maitane AU - Barasoain M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9142-4161 AD - Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, Plaza Cruces 12, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, 48903, Spain. FAU - Velez-Del-Burgo, Ainara AU - Velez-Del-Burgo A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1283-2336 AD - Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, Plaza Cruces 12, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, 48903, Spain. FAU - Astigarraga, Itziar AU - Astigarraga I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5012-0137 AD - Cruces University Hospital, Osakidetza, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain. FAU - Haug, Severin AU - Haug S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6539-5045 AD - Swiss Research Institute for Public Health and Addiction ISGF, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Kiselev, Nikolai AU - Kiselev N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0617-0353 AD - Swiss Research Institute for Public Health and Addiction ISGF, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Koutra, Kleio AU - Koutra K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9713-5013 AD - Department of Social Work, Social Applied Research and Social Work Lab, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Chania, Greece. FAU - Kilintzis, Vassilis AU - Kilintzis V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9783-6757 AD - BMI Lab, ECE-HMU & CBML, FORTH-ICS, Thessaloniki, Greece. FAU - Krini, Maria AU - Krini M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8122-963X AD - Pagkyprios Syndesmos Karkinopathon Kai Filon 1986 (PASYKAF), Department of Research and Development, Nicosia, Cyprus. FAU - Pampaka, Theophano AU - Pampaka T AD - Pagkyprios Syndesmos Karkinopathon Kai Filon 1986 (PASYKAF), Department of Research and Development, Nicosia, Cyprus. FAU - Hudders, Liselot AU - Hudders L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9585-7175 AD - Dept. of Communication Sciences, Center for Persuasive Communication, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. FAU - De Keyzer, Eline AU - De Keyzer E AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-9321-0516 AD - Dept. of Communication Sciences, Center for Persuasive Communication, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. FAU - Serrano, Polonca AU - Serrano P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5240-7748 AD - Alma Mater Europaea University, Maribor, Slovenia. FAU - Pilotti, Chiara AU - Pilotti C AD - FAVO ETS ODV, Federazione Italiana delle Associazioni di Volontariato in Oncologia ETS - Organizzazione di Volontariato, Rome, Italy. FAU - Del Campo, Laura AU - Del Campo L AD - FAVO ETS ODV, Federazione Italiana delle Associazioni di Volontariato in Oncologia ETS - Organizzazione di Volontariato, Rome, Italy. FAU - Nicoara, Delia AU - Nicoara D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1010-3049 AD - Institute of Oncology Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta: Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca County, Romania. FAU - Nicoara, Niculina AU - Nicoara N AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-7642-165X AD - Institute of Oncology Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta: Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca County, Romania. FAU - Molina-Barcelo, Ana AU - Molina-Barcelo A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5113-6475 AD - Cancer and Public Health Research Unit, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, Valencia, Spain. FAU - de Pablo Pardo, Teresa AU - de Pablo Pardo T AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-7878-9643 AD - Cancer and Public Health Research Unit, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, Valencia, Spain. FAU - Verduyn, Stefanie AU - Verduyn S AD - GEZOND, Flemish Institute for Healthy Living, Brussels, Belgium. FAU - Cea, Gloria AU - Cea G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6947-4672 AD - BRIDG OU, Tallinn, Estonia. FAU - Katsapi, Chrysoula AU - Katsapi C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3538-0432 AD - Department of Social Work, Social Applied Research and Social Work Lab, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Chania, Greece. FAU - Segal, Lucas Javier AU - Segal LJ AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-5544-2994 AD - PredictBy Research and Consulting, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Tsoupouroglou, Iraklis AU - Tsoupouroglou I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4666-1237 AD - Lab of Medical Physics and Digital Innovation, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece. FAU - Guerra, Barbara AU - Guerra B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3389-1973 AD - PARTICLE Summary, Lisbon, Portugal. FAU - Triantafyllidis, Andreas AU - Triantafyllidis A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6938-8256 AD - Information Technologies Institute, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Thessaloniki, Greece. FAU - Arana-Arri, Eunate AU - Arana-Arri E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9759-333X AD - Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, Plaza Cruces 12, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, 48903, Spain. eunate.aranaarri@osakidetza.eus. AD - Cruces University Hospital, Osakidetza, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain. eunate.aranaarri@osakidetza.eus. CN - SUNRISE Study Group LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT06931847 PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Pragmatic Clinical Trial PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20260625 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Europe MH - *Health Promotion/methods MH - *Neoplasms/prevention & control MH - Program Evaluation MH - *School Health Services/organization & administration MH - Schools PMC - PMC13555859 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent health OT - Cancer prevention OT - Cluster randomised controlled trial OT - Digital health intervention OT - Health promotion OT - Implementation science OT - Life skills OT - School-based intervention COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: All procedures performed in the study adhered to the ethical standards of the institutional research Ethics Committee of each Country and the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent amendments. This article does not contain any studies with animals performed by any authors. Consent to participate will be obtained from patients before their involvement in the study. Age-appropriate participant information sheets and consent/assent forms for different age groups, as well as for parents or legal guardians, are provided in Supplementary Material (Supplementary File 5). The protocol has been approved by the local clinical research ethics committees. Details of ethics approvals, including approval reference numbers, are provided in Supplementary Material (Supplementary File 4). Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. FIR - Segkouli, Sofia IR - Segkouli S FIR - Laloumis, Nikos IR - Laloumis N FIR - Alexiadis, Anastasios IR - Alexiadis A FIR - Lithoxoidou, Evdoxia-Eirini IR - Lithoxoidou EE FIR - Spirou, Aggeliki IR - Spirou A FIR - Georgiadis, Charalabos IR - Georgiadis C FIR - Kafetzopoulos, Sotirios IR - Kafetzopoulos S FIR - Votis, Konstantinos IR - Votis K FIR - Tzovaras, Dimitrios IR - Tzovaras D FIR - Kondylakis, Haridimos IR - Kondylakis H FIR - Lina, Pelekidou IR - Lina P FIR - Pityanou, Konstantina IR - Pityanou K FIR - Micheli, Katerina IR - Micheli K FIR - Samara, Rafaela IR - Samara R FIR - Konstantinidis, Theocharis IR - Konstantinidis T FIR - Maniadi, Evaggelia IR - Maniadi E FIR - Markakis, Evangelos IR - Markakis E FIR - Tziraki, Charikleia IR - Tziraki C FIR - Marias, Kostas IR - Marias K FIR - Tsiknakis, Emmanouil IR - Tsiknakis E FIR - Philippou, Nicolas IR - Philippou N FIR - Xydia, Stavri IR - Xydia S FIR - Ferentinou, Marisa IR - Ferentinou M FIR - DeJans, Steffi IR - DeJans S FIR - Van de Sompel, Dieneke IR - Van de Sompel D FIR - Beuckels, Emma IR - Beuckels E FIR - Pearce, Hayley IR - Pearce H FIR - Schreiner, Tania IR - Schreiner T FIR - Albert, Yvette IR - Albert Y FIR - Bogataj, David IR - Bogataj D FIR - Inkret, Anja IR - Inkret A FIR - Goswami, Nandu IR - Goswami N FIR - Bamidis, Panagiotis IR - Bamidis P FIR - Reppou, Sofia IR - Reppou S FIR - Spachos, Dimitrios IR - Spachos D FIR - Gallego, Alba IR - Gallego A FIR - Mallo, Irene IR - Mallo I FIR - Buhid, Eduardo IR - Buhid E FIR - Fico, Giuseppe IR - Fico G FIR - Cabrera, Maria Fernanda IR - Cabrera MF FIR - Villanueva, Francisco Lupianez IR - Villanueva FL FIR - Van der Feen, Justine IR - Van der Feen J FIR - Dietrich, Nick IR - Dietrich N FIR - Roca-Umbert, Ana IR - Roca-Umbert A FIR - Manso, Marco IR - Manso M FIR - Pires, Jose IR - Pires J FIR - Vanaclocha, Mercedes IR - Vanaclocha M FIR - Romeo, Paula IR - Romeo P FIR - Manyogil, Belen IR - Manyogil B FIR - Gandia, Mireia IR - Gandia M FIR - Garcia, Oscar IR - Garcia O FIR - Marulanda, Erika IR - Marulanda E FIR - Valentinotti, Rachele IR - Valentinotti R FIR - Iannelli, Elisabetta IR - Iannelli E FIR - De Lorenzo, Francesco IR - De Lorenzo F FIR - De Persis, Davide IR - De Persis D FIR - Summa, Alice IR - Summa A FIR - Sanchez Perez, Alvaro IR - Sanchez Perez A FIR - Peiro Callizo, Enrique IR - Peiro Callizo E FIR - Orcajo-Lago, Janire IR - Orcajo-Lago J FIR - Meijide, Susana IR - Meijide S FIR - Idoyaga-Uribbarrena, Jon Eneko IR - Idoyaga-Uribbarrena JE FIR - Gomez-Sanchez, Veronica IR - Gomez-Sanchez V FIR - Martin-Rodriguez, Haizea IR - Martin-Rodriguez H FIR - de Bareno, Macarena IR - de Bareno M FIR - Llarena, Marta IR - Llarena M FIR - Liakopoulos, Vassilis IR - Liakopoulos V FIR - Panagopoulou, Maria IR - Panagopoulou M FIR - Mavromanolakis, Giorgos IR - Mavromanolakis G FIR - Manteli, Maria IR - Manteli M FIR - Koulouris, Pavlos IR - Koulouris P FIR - Sotiriou, Sofoklis IR - Sotiriou S FIR - Neven, Loes IR - Neven L FIR - Rizvi, Katie IR - Rizvi K FIR - Rusu, Oana IR - Rusu O FIR - Todea, Diana IR - Todea D FIR - Cristea, Laura IR - Cristea L FIR - Trifulescu, Cristina IR - Trifulescu C FIR - Wenger, Andreas IR - Wenger A FIR - Boumparis, Niko IR - Boumparis N FIR - Studhalter, Olivia IR - Studhalter O FIR - Champion, Katrina IR - Champion K FIR - Teesson, Maree IR - Teesson M FIR - Newton, Nicola IR - Newton N EDAT- 2026/06/26 04:10 MHDA- 2026/09/09 07:07 PMCR- 2026/06/25 CRDT- 2026/06/25 23:58 PHST- 2026/01/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/09 07:07 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/26 04:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/25 23:58 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-28185-4 [pii] AID - 28185 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-28185-4 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2026 Jun 25;26(1):2558. doi: 10.1186/s12889-026-28185-4. PMID- 42351021 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260630 LR - 20260813 IS - 1471-2369 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2369 (Linking) VI - 27 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 25 TI - Screening for urinary abnormalities in healthy school children living in an African urban megacity. LID - 10.1186/s12882-026-05151-1 [doi] LID - 391 AB - BACKGROUND: Urinary screening is a useful and non-invasive tool for identifying occult kidney disease in asymptomatic children and may be an important initial step in preventing progressive kidney disease. However, this screening is not commonly performed in children living in low-resource countries, including the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). This study aimed to determine the prevalence of albuminuria and its associated factors among healthy school children living in DRC. In addition, the study examined the prevalence of urinary abnormalities detected by dipstick in this population. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 17 schools in Kinshasa. A multistage sampling procedure was applied, and 497 healthy school children aged 6 to 16 were randomly recruited. Anthropometric and clinical data were collected. Using a single-sample measurement, urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) was determined by an immunoturbidimetric method, and dipstick tests were performed to detect other urinary abnormalities (leukocyturia, nitrituria, proteinuria, hematuria). Albuminuria was defined as ACR >/= 30 mg/g. Logistic regression was used to identify clinical factors associated with albuminuria. RESULTS: Among the 497 school children (208 boys and 289 girls), 58 had single-sample albuminuria, corresponding to a prevalence of 11.7%. There was no significant association between albuminuria and clinical variables based on univariate logistic regression analysis. Dipstick urinary abnormalities were present in 113 children (22.7%). Specifically, leukocyturia, nitrituria, proteinuria, and hematuria were detected in 14.3%, 1.6%, 8.2%, and 1.6% of participants, respectively. Leukocyturia and nitrituria were significantly more common among girls (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Urinary abnormalities are common among asymptomatic school children in the DRC. Although a single measurement was performed, these results raise the relevant question of the usefulness of urinary screening in children living in resource-limited settings. However, the feasibility, cost, and potential benefits of such a program warrant further evaluation in these settings. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Nkoy, Agathe Bikupe AU - Nkoy AB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1563-380X AD - Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Kinshasa, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo. agath.nkoy@gmail.com. FAU - Matoka, Therance Tobo AU - Matoka TT AD - Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Kinshasa, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo. FAU - Minimbu, Orielle Mafuta AU - Minimbu OM AD - Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Kinshasa, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo. FAU - Odio, Bienvenu Matondo AU - Odio BM AD - Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Kinshasa, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo. FAU - Levtchenko, Elena AU - Levtchenko E AD - Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - Ekulu, Pepe Mfutu AU - Ekulu PM AD - Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Kinshasa, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260625 PL - England TA - BMC Nephrol JT - BMC nephrology JID - 100967793 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Child MH - Male MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Albuminuria/epidemiology/diagnosis/urine MH - Democratic Republic of the Congo/epidemiology MH - *Mass Screening/methods MH - Adolescent MH - Prevalence MH - *Urban Population MH - Urinalysis MH - Proteinuria/epidemiology/diagnosis PMC - PMC13317383 OTO - NOTNLM OT - African children OT - Albuminuria OT - Dipstick OT - Proteinuria OT - Screening COIS- Declarations. Ethical approval and consent to participate: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, approved by the National Ethics Committee of the Kinshasa School of Public Health (ESP/CE/256/2019) and was authorized by the relevant administrative and school authorities. Written informed consent was obtained from parents or legal guardians of children before the recruitment. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/26 00:42 MHDA- 2026/06/30 06:31 PMCR- 2026/06/25 CRDT- 2026/06/25 23:56 PHST- 2026/02/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/30 06:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/26 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/25 23:56 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12882-026-05151-1 [pii] AID - 5151 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12882-026-05151-1 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Nephrol. 2026 Jun 25;27(1):391. doi: 10.1186/s12882-026-05151-1. PMID- 42351010 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260910 LR - 20260916 IS - 1471-2431 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2431 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 25 TI - Breaking down breakfast: the relationship between morning meals and learning difficulties in adolescents. LID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07085-x [doi] LID - 856 AB - BACKGROUND: Learning difficulties (LDs) impair academic performance and cognitive function. Dietary factors, particularly the composition of breakfast, may influence LDs. OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between breakfast composition and LDs in adolescents. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 501 adolescents aged 10-19 from four schools in Jahrom, Iran. Trained dietitians collected dietary data using three non-consecutive 24-hour recalls (two on weekdays and one on a weekend). Weight and height were measured following a standardized protocol. Additionally, LDs were assessed using the validated Colorado Learning Difficulties Score (CLDS) questionnaire. Higher scores of CLDS reflect greater LDs. RESULTS: Using the CLDS, adolescents were classified into four equal quartiles. In all food group analyses, adolescents who consumed fewer than one serving/day were considered the reference group. Adolescents who consumed more than one serving of dairy had lower odds of being in the highest CLDS quartile (1-2 servings: OR 0.42; 95% CI 0.20-0.87; 3-4 servings: OR 0.19; 95% CI 0.07-0.47; >4 servings: OR 0.22; 95% CI 0.05-0.86). Furthermore, adolescents who consumed more than four servings of simple sugar had higher odds of being in the highest CLDS quartile (> 4 servings: OR 3.60; 95% CI 1.09-11.8). CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that higher dairy intake and lower consumption of simple sugar waere associated with lower odds of LDs in adolescents. Further longitudinal studies are warranted. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Rahmanian, Reza AU - Rahmanian R AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-0125-5096 AD - School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. FAU - Pirbasti, Ali Razeghi AU - Pirbasti AR AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-7237-5784 AD - Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Shaygantabar, Mohsen AU - Shaygantabar M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-5483-9495 AD - Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Javaheri-Tafti, Fatemeh AU - Javaheri-Tafti F AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-3299-2684 AD - Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Bahreini-Boroujeni, Leyli Zahra AU - Bahreini-Boroujeni LZ AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-3898-051X AD - Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Hatami, Alireza AU - Hatami A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-8712-0165 AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. AD - Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. FAU - Khoshrang, Andisheh AU - Khoshrang A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-3149-2873 AD - School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. FAU - Sajedi, Leila AU - Sajedi L AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-0330-7657 AD - Department of Education, Faculty of Teachers Education, Farhangian University, Shiraz, Iran. FAU - Ajami, Marjan AU - Ajami M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6820-550X AD - Department of Food and Nutrition Policy and Planning Research, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Esmaili, Mina AU - Esmaili M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8422-7864 AD - Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute and Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Houshiarrad, Anahita AU - Houshiarrad A AD - Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute and Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. anahrad@yahoo.com. FAU - Doaei, Saeid AU - Doaei S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2532-7478 AD - Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, P.O. Box 19395-4741, Iran. Sdoaei@sbmu.ac.ir. AD - Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain. Sdoaei@sbmu.ac.ir. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260625 PL - England TA - BMC Pediatr JT - BMC pediatrics JID - 100967804 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - *Learning Disabilities/etiology/epidemiology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Breakfast/psychology MH - Child MH - Female MH - Male MH - Iran MH - *Feeding Behavior PMC - PMC13560118 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Breakfast OT - Cognitive function OT - Diary intake OT - Learning disabilities COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The research received approval from the Ethics Committee of the National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran (IR.SBMU.NNFTRI.REC.1402.052). The study adheres to the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants provided written informed consent before participating in this study. All personal information about participants will be kept secure in a database. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/26 00:51 MHDA- 2026/09/10 05:36 PMCR- 2026/06/25 CRDT- 2026/06/25 23:55 PHST- 2025/11/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/10 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/26 00:51 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/25 23:55 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07085-x [pii] AID - 7085 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07085-x [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pediatr. 2026 Jun 25;26(1):856. doi: 10.1186/s12887-026-07085-x. PMID- 42351008 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260910 LR - 20260916 IS - 1471-2431 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2431 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 25 TI - Reclassification of SGA and EUGR in very preterm infants after the introduction of Fenton-2025: a retrospective cohort comparison with INTERGROWTH-21st and Fenton-2013. LID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07215-5 [doi] LID - 855 AB - BACKGROUND: In very preterm infants, the classification of small for gestational age (SGA) and extrauterine growth restriction (EUGR) depends on the growth chart used. In this context, the classification implications of the newly introduced Fenton-2025 curves have not yet been evaluated in this population. We compared SGA and EUGR classification across Fenton-2025, INTERGROWTH-21st, and Fenton-2013, and examined chart-specific associations between EUGR and major neonatal morbidities. METHODS: This retrospective single-centre cohort study included 272 infants born at 24-32 weeks' gestation. SGA was defined as birth weight below the 10th percentile. EUGR was defined as discharge weight-for-age Z score below - 2. Associations between chart-defined EUGR and neonatal morbidities were examined using multivariable logistic regression adjusted for gestational age, birth weight, and sex. RESULTS: SGA rates differed in rank order across the three charts, being lowest with Fenton-2013 (9.9%), intermediate with INTERGROWTH-21st (15.8%), and highest with Fenton-2025 (24.3%). For EUGR, the ordering was different: rates were lowest with INTERGROWTH-21st (26.1%), intermediate with Fenton-2013 (33.5%), and highest with Fenton-2025 (40.8%). Despite this difference in rank order, the three charts showed a nested classification pattern. Compared with INTERGROWTH-21st, Fenton-2025 classified 56% more infants (n = 40) as EUGR. Nevertheless, in adjusted analyses, infants classified as EUGR according to the Fenton 2013 and INTERGROWTH-21st charts were associated with higher adjusted odds (aOR 6.37, 95% CI 2.07-19.57, and aOR 5.03, 95% CI 1.82-13.90, respectively) of necrotising enterocolitis (>/= stage II) compared to non-EUGR infants, and this higher adjusted odds persisted after reclassification using the Fenton 2025 chart (aOR 4.96, 95% CI 1.68-14.64). CONCLUSIONS: Fenton-2025 applies a more inclusionary approach in classifying very preterm infants as SGA and EUGR compared with INTERGROWTH-21st and Fenton-2013. The clinical implications of this broader classification require further outcome-linked validation. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Gur, Kutlay AU - Gur K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6444-8101 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Zeynep Kamil Women and Children's Diseases Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences Turkiye, Istanbul, 34668, Turkiye. kutlaygur@gmail.com. FAU - Topcuoglu, Sevilay AU - Topcuoglu S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1117-196X AD - Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Zeynep Kamil Women and Children's Diseases Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences Turkiye, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Dincer, Emre AU - Dincer E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1429-3206 AD - Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Zeynep Kamil Women and Children's Diseases Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences Turkiye, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Ozalkaya, Elif AU - Ozalkaya E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0992-1493 AD - Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Zeynep Kamil Women and Children's Diseases Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences Turkiye, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Karatekin, Guner AU - Karatekin G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7112-0323 AD - Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Zeynep Kamil Women and Children's Diseases Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences Turkiye, Istanbul, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260625 PL - England TA - BMC Pediatr JT - BMC pediatrics JID - 100967804 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Infant, Newborn MH - *Infant, Small for Gestational Age/growth & development MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Growth Charts MH - *Fetal Growth Retardation/classification/diagnosis MH - *Infant, Premature/growth & development MH - Logistic Models MH - Gestational Age PMC - PMC13560381 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Extrauterine Growth Restriction OT - Fenton Growth Chart OT - Growth Charts OT - INTERGROWTH-21st OT - Infant, Very Premature OT - Small for Gestational Age COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Retrospective data collection was approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Zeynep Kamil Women and Children's Diseases Training and Research Hospital (Decision No. 93, Date: 21 April 2021). The updated Fenton-2025 reanalysis for the current manuscript was approved by the Zeynep Kamil Hospital Non-Interventional Research Ethics Committee (Decision No. 26, Date: 25 February 2026). The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Owing to the retrospective nature of the updated reanalysis and the use of previously recorded hospital data, separate informed consent to participate was not required, as stated in the ethics application approved by the Zeynep Kamil Hospital Non-Interventional Research Ethics Committee. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/26 00:50 MHDA- 2026/09/10 05:36 PMCR- 2026/06/25 CRDT- 2026/06/25 23:55 PHST- 2026/04/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/10 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/26 00:50 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/25 23:55 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07215-5 [pii] AID - 7215 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07215-5 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pediatr. 2026 Jun 25;26(1):855. doi: 10.1186/s12887-026-07215-5. PMID- 42349796 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260807 LR - 20260807 IS - 1095-8304 (Electronic) IS - 0195-6663 (Linking) VI - 226 DP - 2026 Nov 1 TI - Why we eat: Development and validation of a 7-factor Motivations for Eating Profile (MEP-7). PG - 108699 LID - S0195-6663(26)00261-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.appet.2026.108699 [doi] AB - Understanding why people eat is crucial for the prevention and management of overeating and obesity, but existing psychometric tools typically assess a narrow set of motivational constructs. The current study developed a comprehensive, theory-driven questionnaire from a recently validated framework of eating behaviour traits derived from 18 existing eating behaviour scales and evaluated its psychometric properties and external validity. Study 1 used a structured review panel of n = 30 adults and applied item response theory to a survey of n = 1279 adults, to select items from widely used eating behaviour scales and novel items for 'pleasure' and 'health'. Study 2 surveyed a UK-representative adult sample (1042 females, 968 males) to perform exploratory (n = 1005) and confirmatory (n = 1005) factor analyses. Internal consistency, measurement invariance, and associations between latent motives and body mass index (BMI), self-reported weight change, lifetime weight loss attempts, eating rate and physical activity were examined. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed a seven-factor, 28-item model (reactive eating, restricted eating, negative emotional eating, positive emotional eating, homeostatic eating, eating for pleasure and eating for health) with good model fit (CFI = 0.993, SRMR = 0.045, RMSEA = 0.046) and good to excellent reliability (omegaT = 0.77-0.93). Scalar invariance by sex, age, and education was supported. Latent motives showed theoretically consistent associations with external outcomes: higher reactive and negative emotional eating related to higher BMI and faster eating rate; homeostatic and health motives related to lower BMI and higher physical activity. The 7-Factor Motivation for Eating Profile (MEP-7) provides a brief, psychometrically robust profile of seven eating behaviour motivations with evidence of predictive validity. The MEP-7 supports research and clinical phenotyping and may inform behaviour change strategies for weight management. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Dakin, Clarissa AU - Dakin C AD - School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK. Electronic address: psccda@leeds.ac. FAU - Finlayson, Graham AU - Finlayson G AD - Appetite Control and Energy Balance Research Group (ACEB), School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK. FAU - James Stubbs, R AU - James Stubbs R AD - Appetite Control and Energy Balance Research Group (ACEB), School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260625 PL - England TA - Appetite JT - Appetite JID - 8006808 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Motivation MH - Male MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - Adult MH - Surveys and Questionnaires/standards MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Psychometrics MH - Body Mass Index MH - Emotional Eating MH - Factor Analysis, Statistical MH - Middle Aged MH - Young Adult MH - United Kingdom MH - *Eating/psychology MH - Obesity/psychology MH - Exercise/psychology MH - Adolescent MH - Pleasure OTO - NOTNLM OT - Eating behaviour traits OT - Factor analysis OT - Item response theory OT - Motivations for eating OT - Psychometrics OT - Weight management COIS- Declaration of competing interest Pr. James Stubbs and Dr Clarissa Dakin declare that they consult for Slimming World UK through the University of Leeds. Slimming World were not involved in the analysis or interpretation of this articles. No other authors declare a conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/26 00:47 MHDA- 2026/08/08 00:40 CRDT- 2026/06/25 19:32 PHST- 2026/03/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/08 00:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/26 00:47 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/25 19:32 [entrez] AID - S0195-6663(26)00261-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.appet.2026.108699 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Appetite. 2026 Nov 1;226:108699. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2026.108699. Epub 2026 Jun 25. PMID- 42348754 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20261006 IS - 1929-0748 (Electronic) IS - 1929-0748 (Linking) VI - 15 DP - 2026 Jul 13 TI - An AI-Assisted Tool to Predict Continuous Glucose Monitor Adherence in Children With Type 1 Diabetes in Oman: Protocol for a Multiphase Mixed Methods Translational Study. PG - e99626 LID - 10.2196/99626 [doi] LID - e99626 AB - BACKGROUND: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in children requires sustained self-management to achieve glycemic targets. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has transformed pediatric diabetes care; yet, adherence to device wear remains inconsistent. In May 2024, Oman launched a national initiative distributing CGMs to children with T1DM across all governorates, creating a real-world opportunity to study adherence determinants and to develop a locally validated AI-assisted predictive tool. OBJECTIVE: This multiphase translational research project aims to (1) characterize the population of Omani children with T1DM; (2) identify demographic, psychosocial, dietary, and physical activity correlates of optimal CGM use; (3) develop, train, and validate an AI-assisted behavioral predictive tool "OMNIdiasense" to forecast CGM adherence prior to device dispensing; and (4) pilot test the OMNIdiasense tool. METHODS: Three sequential, interlinked substudies will be conducted. Substudy 1 is a retrospective cohort analysis of routinely collected Al Shifa data for all children who received CGMs between July 2024 and February 2025, with glycemic, anthropometric, and laboratory outcomes compared at baseline and at >/=3 months. Outputs on adherence prevalence, and clinical predictors become the structured input layer for the proposed AI model. Substudy 2 is a cross-sectional, mixed methods study using face-to-face structured interviews with a randomly selected sample of children aged 10-18 years, classified as "CGM optimizers" (>/=6 days/week) or "CGM subusers" (<6 days/week or discontinued); responses across validated behavioral, stress, and dietary instruments are compared. Outputs are the psychosocial and behavioral feature set, qualitative themes, and effect sizes that drive feature selection for the AI model. Substudy 3 develops the AI tool (OMNIdiasense), comprising (1) a quasi-experimental single-arm pilot among 100 existing CGM subusers and (2) a parallel pilot randomized controlled trial (n=50; 25 intervention, 25 control) among newly diagnosed children, with assessments at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months. The primary outcome is between-group difference in CGM adherence; secondary outcomes include hemoglobin A(1c), anthropometric, cardiovascular, and laboratory measures, and barriers to use. Reporting will follow SPIRIT (Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials) 2025 (interventional component), STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology; observational component), the CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) 2025 extension for pilot and feasibility trials, COREQ (Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research; qualitative component), and TRIPOD+AI (Transparent Reporting of a Multivariable Prediction Model for Individual Prognosis or Diagnosis + Artificial Intelligence; predictive model). RESULTS: The proposed AI tool is intended as a decision-support adjunct and not a gatekeeping mechanism for CGM access. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, OMNIdiasense is the first AI tool in the Gulf Cooperation Council region to predict pediatric CGM adherence. By targeting behaviorally vulnerable patients before sensor distribution, OMNIdiasense is expected to support clinical benefit and reduce financial waste. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN15827616; https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN15827616. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/99626. CI - (c)Thamra Al Ghafri, Saud Al Harthi, Asma Bait Ishaq, Huwaida Al Harthi, Maryam Al Muaini, Rahma Al-Ghadani, Ahmed Aljufaili, Mohamed Al Harb, Abdullah Al Saadi, Abdelhamid Abdessalem, Noushath Shaffi, Mohamed Ahmed, Said Jaboob, Nadia Al Maqbali, Moza Al-Shehhi, Talib Al Kalbani, Amal Al Shukaili, Jannat Al Harthi. Originally published in JMIR Research Protocols (https://www.researchprotocols.org), 13.07.2026. FAU - Al Ghafri, Thamra AU - Al Ghafri T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4818-9565 AD - Directorate General of Health Services, Muscat, Oman. AD - Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Muscat, Oman. FAU - Al Harthi, Saud AU - Al Harthi S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5457-4662 AD - Ministry of Health, Directorate General of Khaula Hospital, Muscat, Oman. FAU - Bait Ishaq, Asma AU - Bait Ishaq A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-7263-2692 AD - Directorate General of Health Services, Muscat, Oman. FAU - Al Harthi, Huwaida AU - Al Harthi H AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-1540-5796 AD - Directorate General of Health Services, Muscat, Oman. FAU - Al Muaini, Maryam AU - Al Muaini M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-4555-427X AD - Ministry of Health, Ministry of Health, Batina, Oman. FAU - Al-Ghadani, Rahma AU - Al-Ghadani R AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-1130-7987 AD - Ministry of Health, Ministry of Health, Batina, Oman. FAU - Aljufaili, Ahmed AU - Aljufaili A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-0480-3422 AD - Ministry of Health, Ministry of Health, Sharqiyah, Oman. FAU - Al Harb, Mohamed AU - Al Harb M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-7035-2350 AD - Ministry of Health, Ministry of Health, Sharqiyah, Oman. FAU - Al Saadi, Abdullah AU - Al Saadi A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-8798-0353 AD - Ministry of Health, Ministry of Health, Sharqiyah, Oman. FAU - Abdessalem, Abdelhamid AU - Abdessalem A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2950-2875 AD - Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Muscat, Oman. FAU - Shaffi, Noushath AU - Shaffi N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9243-8402 AD - Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Muscat, Oman. FAU - Ahmed, Mohamed AU - Ahmed M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-9458-9087 AD - Ministry of Health, Ministry of Health, AlWosta, Oman. FAU - Jaboob, Said AU - Jaboob S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-6411-7244 AD - Ministry of Health, Ministry of Health, Dhofar, Oman. FAU - Al Maqbali, Nadia AU - Al Maqbali N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9926-6452 AD - Ministry of Health, Ministry of Health, Aldhahira, Oman. FAU - Al-Shehhi, Moza AU - Al-Shehhi M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1001-2043 AD - Ministry of Health, Ministry of Health, Musandam, Oman. FAU - Al Kalbani, Talib AU - Al Kalbani T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4585-0992 AD - Ministry of Health, Ministry of Health, Buraimi, Oman. FAU - Al Shukaili, Amal AU - Al Shukaili A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-6884-6689 AD - Ministry of Health, Ministry of Health, Aldakhilyah, Oman. FAU - Al Harthi, Jannat AU - Al Harthi J AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-4182-5462 AD - National University of Science and Technology, Sohar, Oman. LA - eng SI - ISRCTN/ISRCTN15827616 PT - Clinical Trial Protocol PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20260713 PL - Canada TA - JMIR Res Protoc JT - JMIR research protocols JID - 101599504 RN - 0 (Blood Glucose) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Artificial Intelligence MH - Blood Glucose/analysis MH - *Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring MH - *Continuous Glucose Monitoring/methods MH - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/blood/psychology MH - Oman MH - *Patient Compliance/statistics & numerical data MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Observational Studies as Topic PMC - PMC13408470 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adherence OT - adolescent OT - artificial intelligence OT - behavioral prediction OT - continuous glucose monitoring OT - machine learning OT - pediatric OT - type 1 diabetes. COIS- Conflicts of Interest: None declared. EDAT- 2026/06/26 04:10 MHDA- 2026/07/14 12:34 PMCR- 2026/07/13 CRDT- 2026/06/25 14:53 PHST- 2026/04/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/14 12:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/26 04:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/25 14:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v15i1e99626 [pii] AID - 10.2196/99626 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JMIR Res Protoc. 2026 Jul 13;15:e99626. doi: 10.2196/99626. PMID- 42348623 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260625 LR - 20260629 IS - 2327-2228 (Electronic) VI - 109 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul 1 TI - An Open Pilot Trial of a Physical Activity (PA) Intervention Designed to Address Barriers Experienced by Hispanic and Black Mothers. PG - 18-26 AB - INTRODUCTION: Mothers, especially those with marginalized identities, often struggle to meet physical activity (PA) guidelines. We examined feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of Moms on the Move (MOMs), a community-based PA promotion intervention targeting Hispanic and Black mothers delivered in partnership with a youth sports organization in Providence, RI. METHODS: Feasibility targets centered around enrollment (i.e., n>30 participants), retention (i.e., >80% of participants through follow-up), and assessment (i.e., collection of PA data from >80% of participants at multiple timepoints), while acceptability targets centered around participant satisfaction (i.e., >80% of participants being satisfied with the intervention). For preliminary efficacy, we assessed weekly minutes of moderate-to- vigorous intensity PA (MVPA) via 7-Day PA Recall (PAR) at baseline, intervention end (8 weeks), and follow-up (12 weeks), and examined within-person changes in MVPA over time using paired T-tests. Stratified analysis was used to examine differences between participants who were already meeting the national guideline of >150 minutes of MVPA per week at baseline and those who were not. RESULTS: We met recruitment (n=35) and retention (94%) targets but only collected PA data at multiple timepoints from 21 participants (64%). Most participants (94%) were satisfied with the intervention, all (100%) said they learned from the program, and all (100%) said they would recommend participation to a friend. Participants who were not meeting the MVPA guideline at baseline (n=12) reported an increase in MVPA at both intervention end (mean change: 110.27 minutes, Cohen's d: 0.89) and follow-up (mean change: 82.09 minutes, Cohen's d: 0.76). CONCLUSIONS: Findings around recruitment, retention, and participant satisfaction were promising, though assessing MVPA via the PAR, which requires a semi-structured interview, proved challenging. Nonetheless, the findings, which also showed that insufficiently active mothers had significantly higher levels of MVPA at intervention end and follow-up, support testing MOMs in a fully powered, randomized controlled trial. FAU - von Ash, Tayla AU - von Ash T AD - Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI. FAU - Gupta-Louis, Sugandha K AU - Gupta-Louis SK AD - Department of Psychology, Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY. FAU - O'Hagan, Belinda AU - O'Hagan B AD - Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI. FAU - Onu, Michael AU - Onu M AD - Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI. FAU - Dunsiger, Shira AU - Dunsiger S AD - Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI. FAU - Maxwell, Zoe AU - Maxwell Z AD - Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, Brown University, Providence, RI. FAU - Alacron, Ashlie AU - Alacron A AD - Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, Brown University, Providence, RI. FAU - Brown, Candace S AU - Brown CS AD - Department of Epidemiology and Com- munity Health, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, NC. FAU - Marcus, Bess H AU - Marcus BH AD - Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260701 PL - United States TA - R I Med J (2013) JT - Rhode Island medical journal (2013) JID - 101605827 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Pilot Projects MH - *Hispanic or Latino MH - Female MH - *Exercise MH - *Black or African American MH - *Mothers/psychology MH - *Health Promotion/methods MH - Adult MH - Feasibility Studies OTO - NOTNLM OT - community-based OT - mothers OT - physical activity OT - pilot OT - youth sports EDAT- 2026/06/26 00:53 MHDA- 2026/06/26 00:54 CRDT- 2026/06/25 13:44 PHST- 2026/06/26 00:54 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/26 00:53 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/25 13:44 [entrez] PST - epublish SO - R I Med J (2013). 2026 Jul 1;109(7):18-26. PMID- 42348608 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260806 LR - 20260811 IS - 1473-6519 (Electronic) IS - 1363-1950 (Linking) VI - 29 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Sep 1 TI - Pediatric and adolescent nutritional and metabolic assessment in the precision era. PG - 441-447 LID - 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001244 [doi] AB - PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To summarize recent methodological and technological advances in assessing nutritional and metabolic status among pediatric and adolescent populations, with emphasis on their translational value within precision and personalized nutrition. This review highlights how integrative, multi-omics, and digital approaches may complement the evaluation of body composition, dietary intake, metabolic profiling, and behavioral monitoring in youth. RECENT FINDINGS: Recent findings suggest that combining compositional imaging (DXA, 3D optical, ultrasound) with bioelectrical and omic biomarkers may improve multidimensional nutritional profiling. Digital dietary assessment, biosensors, and continuous glucose monitoring may enhance real-time dietary and metabolic characterization in selected research or clinical contexts. Moreover, machine-learning models and multi-omic integration show promise individualized risk prediction and adaptive feedback, although their clinical utility requires further validation. However, standardization of protocols and pediatric reference datasets remains a key challenge. SUMMARY: Nutritional and metabolic assessment in children and adolescents is progressively moving toward integrative frameworks that combine imaging, omics, and digital monitoring. These approaches may support more individualized and developmentally sensitive evaluations, but harmonization of protocols, ethical governance, accessibility, and pediatric reference datasets remain essential before broad clinical implementation. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Wolters Kluwer Health, LLC. All rights reserved. FAU - Jurado-Castro, Jose Manuel AU - Jurado-Castro JM AD - Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba. AD - CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid. AD - Ciencias de la Actividad Fisica y El Deporte, Escuela Universitaria de Osuna (Centro Adscrito a la Universidad de Sevilla), Osuna. FAU - Pastor-Villaescusa, Belen AU - Pastor-Villaescusa B AD - Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba. AD - Primary Care Interventions to Prevent Maternal and Child Chronic Diseases of Perinatal and Developmental Origin (RICORS), RD21/0012/0008, Spanish Network in Maternal, Neonatal, Child and Developmental Health Research (RICORS-SAMID, RD24/0013/0007), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid. FAU - Llorente-Cantarero, Francisco Jesus AU - Llorente-Cantarero FJ AD - Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba. AD - CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid. AD - Department of Specific Didactics, Faculty of Education, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain. FAU - Gil-Campos, Mercedes AU - Gil-Campos M AD - Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba. AD - CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260603 PL - England TA - Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care JT - Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care JID - 9804399 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - *Nutrition Assessment MH - *Precision Medicine/methods MH - *Nutritional Status MH - Multiomics MH - Digital Health MH - Machine Learning MH - Biomarkers MH - Body Composition OTO - NOTNLM OT - dietary assessment OT - machine learning OT - multi-omics integration OT - pediatric nutrition OT - personalized intervention EDAT- 2026/06/26 00:43 MHDA- 2026/08/06 12:37 CRDT- 2026/06/25 13:44 PHST- 2026/08/06 12:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/26 00:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/25 13:44 [entrez] AID - 00075197-202609000-00004 [pii] AID - 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001244 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2026 Sep 1;29(5):441-447. doi: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001244. Epub 2026 Jun 3. PMID- 42347082 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260625 LR - 20260813 IS - 2571-841X (Electronic) IS - 2571-841X (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 2 DP - 2026 May 28 TI - Predictive Analysis of Extubation Failure in the Paediatric Intensive Care Unit in Bloemfontein, South Africa. LID - 10.3390/reports9020169 [doi] LID - 169 AB - Background: Extubation failure (EF) is a significant complication, and it is associated with increased mortality, prolonged hospital stays and extended mechanical ventilation (MV). Determining reliable predictors of EF could improve the clinical decision-making and outcomes. Objectives: Determine the outcomes and predictors of EF in a paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and develop predictive models using machine learning algorithms. Methods: A retrospective cohort study (n = 824) was conducted in two PICUs in participants who underwent planned extubation (January 2018-December 2022). Demographic characteristics, clinical parameters, ventilator setting, laboratory findings and extubation outcomes were collected. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to identify significant predictors of EF. Six machine learning algorithms-Logistic Regression (LR), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Decision Tree (DT)-were developed and validated for prediction of EF. Results: The overall EF rate was 231 (28%). Multivariate analysis identified a mechanical ventilation for a duration of 3 days or more (aOR 4.49, 95% CI 3.24-6.57, p < 0.001), use of neuromuscular blockade (aOR 1.32, 95% CI 1.07-1.63, p = 0.009), and administration of vasopressors (aOR 1.57, 95% CI 1.24-2.01, p < 0.001) as significant independent predictors of EF. The ANN and LR models demonstrated the highest performance with AUCROC of 0.87 +/- 0.04 and 0.86 +/- 0.02, respectively. Conclusions: Extubation failure was common in our setting (28%) compared to other studies. Days of ventilation, undernutrition, use of neuromuscular blockade, use of vasopressors or inotropes and CNS comorbidity were associated with EF. The main cause of EF was upper airway obstruction. FAU - Buankuna, Mbaya AU - Buankuna M AD - Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9301, Free State, South Africa. FAU - Sempa, Joseph B AU - Sempa JB AD - Department of Biostatistics, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9301, Free State, South Africa. FAU - Khaliq, Olive P AU - Khaliq OP AD - Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9301, Free State, South Africa. FAU - Pienaar, Michael A AU - Pienaar MA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6427-0278 AD - Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9301, Free State, South Africa. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260528 PL - Switzerland TA - Reports (MDPI) JT - Reports (MDPI) JID - 101757880 PMC - PMC13306389 OTO - NOTNLM OT - extubation failure OT - intensive care OT - mechanical ventilation OT - paediatrics COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/25 12:38 MHDA- 2026/06/25 12:39 PMCR- 2026/05/28 CRDT- 2026/06/25 09:53 PHST- 2026/02/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/31 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/25 12:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/25 12:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/25 09:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - reports9020169 [pii] AID - reports-09-00169 [pii] AID - 10.3390/reports9020169 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Reports (MDPI). 2026 May 28;9(2):169. doi: 10.3390/reports9020169. PMID- 42346395 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260625 LR - 20260813 IS - 2218-1989 (Print) IS - 2218-1989 (Electronic) IS - 2218-1989 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun 14 TI - Discriminative Ability of TyG, TyG-WC, BAI, FGIR, and QUICKI Indexes in Identifying Metabolic Syndrome in a Pediatric Population with Obesity. LID - 10.3390/metabo16060415 [doi] LID - 415 AB - Background/Objectives: Pediatric obesity is closely associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS), a condition linked to increased cardiometabolic risk. Early identification of high-risk individuals remains challenging. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of selected anthropometric, metabolic dysfunction and insulin resistance indexes for identifying MetS in children and adolescents with obesity. Methods: In this retrospective, cross-sectional, single-center study, 758 children and adolescents with obesity (mean age 14.8 +/- 2.1 years; 59.9% females) hospitalized for a body weight-reduction program were included. MetS was defined according to International Diabetes Federation criteria, in which central obesity is a mandatory diagnostic component. The triglyceride-glucose (TyG), TyG-waist circumference (TyG-WC), body adiposity index (BAI), fasting glucose-to-insulin ratio (FGIR), and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) were calculated. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to assess their discriminative ability. Results: The prevalence of MetS was 27.8% and was significantly higher in males than females (34.9% vs. 23.1%, p < 0.0001). TyG and TyG-WC showed the best discriminative performance (AUC 0.75 and 0.76, respectively), although with only moderate sensitivity and specificity. FGIR and QUICKI demonstrated lower accuracy (AUC 0.64 and 0.63), whereas BAI showed no discriminative ability (AUC 0.48). These findings were consistent across sexes, although sex-specific differences in both MetS prevalence and optimal cut-off values were observed. Correlation analyses confirmed moderate associations between TyG-based indexes and MetS, whereas other indexes showed weaker relationships. Conclusions: In the present cohort of children and adolescents with obesity, TyG and TyG-WC showed the best performance in identifying MetS compared with the other evaluated indexes. However, their performance remained moderate, and the proposed cut-off values require validation in independent populations. These indexes may represent simple supportive screening and risk-stratification tools but should be used alongside comprehensive clinical assessment and established diagnostic criteria rather than as stand-alone diagnostic measures. FAU - Tamini, Sofia AU - Tamini S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2503-5117 AD - Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-Endocrinological Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Piancavallo, 28824 Verbania, Italy. FAU - Bondesan, Adele AU - Bondesan A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9145-5400 AD - Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-Endocrinological Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Piancavallo, 28824 Verbania, Italy. FAU - Caroli, Diana AU - Caroli D AD - Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-Endocrinological Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Piancavallo, 28824 Verbania, Italy. FAU - Frigerio, Francesca AU - Frigerio F AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-1227-1747 AD - Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-Endocrinological Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Piancavallo, 28824 Verbania, Italy. FAU - Sartorio, Alessandro AU - Sartorio A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9620-4133 AD - Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-Endocrinological Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Piancavallo, 28824 Verbania, Italy. LA - eng GR - ricerca corrente/Ministry of Health/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260614 PL - Switzerland TA - Metabolites JT - Metabolites JID - 101578790 PMC - PMC13303531 OTO - NOTNLM OT - FGIR OT - MetS OT - QUICKI OT - TyG OT - TyG-WC OT - adolescents OT - children OT - metabolic syndrome OT - obesity OT - pediatric obesity COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/25 19:09 MHDA- 2026/06/25 19:10 PMCR- 2026/06/14 CRDT- 2026/06/25 09:43 PHST- 2026/05/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/25 19:10 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/25 19:09 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/25 09:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - metabo16060415 [pii] AID - metabolites-16-00415 [pii] AID - 10.3390/metabo16060415 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Metabolites. 2026 Jun 14;16(6):415. doi: 10.3390/metabo16060415. PMID- 42345641 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260625 LR - 20260813 IS - 2543-6031 (Electronic) IS - 2451-4934 (Print) IS - 2451-4934 (Linking) VI - 94 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Jun 5 TI - Impact of Highly Effective CFTR Modulator Therapy on Physical Activity, Sleep, and Sinonasal Symptoms in Preschool Children with Cystic Fibrosis: A Prospective Single-Center Pilot Study. LID - 10.3390/arm94030036 [doi] LID - 36 AB - Background: Highly effective CFTR modulation with Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor (ETI) markedly improves clinical outcomes in people with cystic fibrosis (CF). Data on its effects on physical activity, sleep, sinonasal symptoms, and parent-perceived outcomes in preschool-aged children are limited. Methods: In this prospective, observational, single-center cohort study, ten children with cystic fibrosis (aged 2-6 years) and at least one CFTR variant eligible for ETI were included. Data were collected using wrist-worn Garmin vivofit Junior 2 activity trackers and standardized questionnaires one month before ETI initiation and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after start of ETI. Outcomes included step count, minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, sleep parameters, sinonasal symptoms, and parental perceptions. Results: ETI was well tolerated. Sweat chloride levels decreased significantly. Physical activity improved at 3 and 6 months (step count and active minutes/day; p < 0.05) but declined to near-baseline levels at 12 months. Parental assessments of physical and sporting performance showed sustained improvement. Sleep duration remained stable, with no changes in deep or light sleep phases or nighttime awakenings. Sinonasal symptoms remained low. Discussion & Conclusions: Preliminary findings of this exploratory pilot study show that improvement in physical activity after three and six months of ETI therapy might be attributable to seasonality, as therapy was started in winter months. No changes in sleep duration or sleep patterns are reassuring in this small cohort of young children with CF. ETI therapy was safe and well tolerated. Parental appraisal of their children's physical performance improved after start of ETI. Longitudinal, controlled studies involving larger cohorts are required to validate these findings and to account for potential confounding factors, such as age-dependent changes and individual and environmental factors such as seasonal variation. FAU - Schellhorn, Stella AU - Schellhorn S AD - Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicin, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm University, Eythstrasse 24, 89075 Ulm, Germany. FAU - Schmidt, Hanna AU - Schmidt H AD - Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicin, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm University, Eythstrasse 24, 89075 Ulm, Germany. FAU - Janda, Ales AU - Janda A AD - Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicin, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm University, Eythstrasse 24, 89075 Ulm, Germany. FAU - Gulke, Doris AU - Gulke D AD - Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicin, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm University, Eythstrasse 24, 89075 Ulm, Germany. FAU - Toth, Monika AU - Toth M AD - Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicin, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm University, Eythstrasse 24, 89075 Ulm, Germany. FAU - Fabricius, Dorit AU - Fabricius D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2019-8101 AD - Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicin, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm University, Eythstrasse 24, 89075 Ulm, Germany. FAU - Bode, Sebastian F N AU - Bode SFN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7217-3312 AD - Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicin, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm University, Eythstrasse 24, 89075 Ulm, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260605 PL - Switzerland TA - Adv Respir Med JT - Advances in respiratory medicine JID - 101697329 RN - 0 (Aminophenols) RN - 0 (Quinolones) RN - 126880-72-6 (Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator) RN - 0 (Pyrazoles) RN - 0 (Benzodioxoles) RN - 0 (Indoles) RN - 0 (Pyridines) RN - RRN67GMB0V (elexacaftor) RN - 8RW88Y506K (tezacaftor) RN - 0 (Drug Combinations) RN - 1Y740ILL1Z (ivacaftor) RN - 0 (Thiophenes) RN - 0 (Pyrrolidines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Pilot Projects MH - Prospective Studies MH - Child, Preschool MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Cystic Fibrosis/drug therapy/complications/physiopathology MH - Child MH - *Exercise MH - *Aminophenols/therapeutic use MH - *Quinolones/therapeutic use MH - *Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator/genetics MH - *Pyrazoles/therapeutic use MH - *Benzodioxoles/therapeutic use MH - *Indoles/therapeutic use MH - *Pyridines/therapeutic use MH - *Sleep/drug effects MH - Drug Combinations MH - Thiophenes/therapeutic use MH - Pyrrolidines PMC - PMC13296162 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CFTR-modulator OT - actigraphy OT - activity OT - cystic fibrosis OT - preschool children OT - sinonasal symptoms OT - sleep OT - wearables COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/25 12:38 MHDA- 2026/06/25 12:39 PMCR- 2026/06/05 CRDT- 2026/06/25 09:33 PHST- 2026/04/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/25 12:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/25 12:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/25 09:33 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - arm94030036 [pii] AID - arm-94-00036 [pii] AID - 10.3390/arm94030036 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Adv Respir Med. 2026 Jun 5;94(3):36. doi: 10.3390/arm94030036. PMID- 42344529 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260625 LR - 20260813 IS - 1178-2390 (Print) IS - 1178-2390 (Electronic) IS - 1178-2390 (Linking) VI - 19 DP - 2026 TI - Family Empowerment for Stunting Prevention in Children Aged 0-2 Years: A Concept Analysis. PG - 616138 LID - 10.2147/JMDH.S616138 [doi] LID - 616138 AB - BACKGROUND: Stunting in children aged 0-2 years remains a major global health challenge, particularly in low‑ and middle‑income countries, with long‑term consequences for growth and development. Although family empowerment is widely promoted as a strategy for stunting prevention, its conceptualization within stimulation, early detection, and family‑centered care remains fragmented. METHODS: Guided by Walker and Avant's concept analysis framework, this study systematically examined literature retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar (July 2025). Studies were screened for relevance to family empowerment, caregiving, health literacy, and growth monitoring in the context of children aged 0-2 years. RESULTS: Twenty‑seven eligible studies were synthesized to refine the construct of family empowerment in stunting prevention. Across the reviewed literature, family empowerment was consistently conceptualized as a multidimensional process characterized by five interrelated attributes-reflective decision‑making, self‑efficacy, participation, health literacy integration, and resource mobilization-positioning families as active agents in growth monitoring, stimulation, and timely intervention during the first 1000 days of life. CONCLUSION: This analysis reframes family empowerment as a strategic, family‑centered pathway for stunting prevention. By advancing conceptual clarity within nursing and culturally diverse caregiving contexts, the findings inform practice and policy through the integration of empowerment indicators alongside growth monitoring and highlight priorities for future research focused on culturally responsive validation of empowerment measures. CI - (c) 2026 Sutini et al. FAU - Sutini, Titin AU - Sutini T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1077-0992 AD - Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia. AD - Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia. FAU - Rakhmawati, Windy AU - Rakhmawati W AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7173-4886 AD - Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia. FAU - Mediani, Henny Suzana AU - Mediani HS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6960-3692 AD - Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia. FAU - Permatasari, Tria Astika Endah AU - Permatasari TAE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9589-3814 AD - Faculty of Medicine and Health, Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260618 PL - New Zealand TA - J Multidiscip Healthc JT - Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare JID - 101512691 PMC - PMC13290388 OTO - NOTNLM OT - child nutrition OT - concept analysis OT - early childhood OT - family empowerment OT - family-centre care OT - stunting prevention COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest in this work. EDAT- 2026/06/25 06:37 MHDA- 2026/06/25 06:38 PMCR- 2026/06/18 CRDT- 2026/06/25 04:40 PHST- 2026/04/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/25 06:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/25 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/25 04:40 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 616138 [pii] AID - 10.2147/JMDH.S616138 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Multidiscip Healthc. 2026 Jun 18;19:616138. doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S616138. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42344477 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260625 LR - 20260813 IS - 2691-3593 (Electronic) IS - 2691-3593 (Linking) VI - 7 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Patient-Reported Outcomes and Body Mass Index in Adolescents and Young Adults After Gender-Affirming Chest Surgery: A Single-Center Cross-Sectional Study. PG - e679 LID - 10.1097/AS9.0000000000000679 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of body mass index (BMI) on patient-reported outcomes after gender-affirming chest surgery in adolescents. BACKGROUND: Despite most previous studies finding no association between BMI and patient-reported outcomes in adults undergoing gender-affirming chest surgery, BMI eligibility requirements remain widely used. Moreover, little data exists regarding the impact of BMI on these outcomes in adolescents. METHODS: A cross-sectional, patient-reported outcome survey study was conducted at a pediatric hospital from April to July 2024. Eligible individuals were at least 1-year postoperative from gender-affirming chest surgery. The primary outcome was the effect of BMI on scores from 7 validated patient-reported outcome measures, including BODY-Q Chest and Nipple, Gender Congruence and Life Satisfaction, Satisfaction with Decision, and Decision Regret Scale, compared between adolescent and young adult cohorts. RESULTS: Among 77 participants who completed the survey, 42 (54.5%) underwent surgery as adolescents and 35 (45.5%) as young adults. Patient-reported outcomes evaluating appearance satisfaction, psychosocial well-being, and decisional satisfaction were high, whereas decisional regret was low. Scores did not significantly differ between adolescent and young adult cohorts, and most patient-reported outcome measures were not significantly influenced by BMI. CONCLUSION: After gender-affirming chest surgery, both adolescents and young adults reported high appearance satisfaction, psychosocial well-being, and decisional satisfaction, along with low decisional regret. For the majority of patient-reported outcomes, these positive results were not associated with BMI, suggesting that gender-affirming chest surgery is associated with high quality of life for adolescents and young adults regardless of BMI. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. FAU - Haley, Caleb AU - Haley C AD - From the Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI. AD - National Clinician Scholars Program, Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI. FAU - Younoszai, Maya AU - Younoszai M AD - Division of Plastic Surgery, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA. FAU - Roblee, Cole V AU - Roblee CV AD - Department of Surgery, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA. FAU - Haugen, Peter AU - Haugen P AD - Division of Plastic Surgery, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA. FAU - Araya-Colvin, Justine AU - Araya-Colvin J AD - Division of Plastic Surgery, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA. FAU - Brydges, Hilliard T AU - Brydges HT AD - Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA. FAU - Nguyen, Alisha AU - Nguyen A AD - Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA. FAU - Tople, Tannon AU - Tople T AD - University of Minnesota Twin Cities School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN. FAU - Faino, Anna V AU - Faino AV AD - Core for Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Analytics in Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA. FAU - Gopalan, Maya AU - Gopalan M AD - Division of Plastic Surgery, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA. FAU - Eble, Danielle AU - Eble D AD - Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR. FAU - Ettinger, Russell E AU - Ettinger RE AD - Division of Plastic Surgery, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA. AD - Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA. FAU - Morrison, Shane D AU - Morrison SD AD - Division of Plastic Surgery, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA. AD - Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA. AD - Department of Urology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260527 PL - United States TA - Ann Surg Open JT - Annals of surgery open : perspectives of surgical history, education, and clinical approaches JID - 101769928 PMC - PMC13290217 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - body mass index OT - gender-affirming surgery OT - obesity OT - patient-reported outcomes COIS- Disclosure: The authors declare that they have nothing to disclose. EDAT- 2026/06/25 06:36 MHDA- 2026/06/25 06:37 PMCR- 2026/05/27 CRDT- 2026/06/25 04:39 PHST- 2026/01/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/25 06:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/25 06:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/25 04:39 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - AOSO-D-26-00020 [pii] AID - 10.1097/AS9.0000000000000679 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Ann Surg Open. 2026 May 27;7(2):e679. doi: 10.1097/AS9.0000000000000679. eCollection 2026 Jun. PMID- 42343262 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260910 LR - 20260916 IS - 1471-2431 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2431 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 24 TI - Agreement between random upper arm circumference and standard mid-upper arm circumference for identifying acute malnutrition among children aged 6-59 months in Southwest Ethiopia. LID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07125-6 [doi] LID - 851 AB - BACKGROUND: Mid-Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) is a widely used, rapid, and low-cost anthropometric tool for community-based screening of acute malnutrition among children. However, accurate MUAC assessment requires identification of the midpoint of the upper arm and proper tape placement, which may contribute to inter-observer variability and inconsistencies in field measurements. Random Upper Arm Circumference (RUAC) has been proposed as a simpler alternative for community screening. Nevertheless, evidence regarding the agreement and validity of RUAC compared with standard MUAC for identifying wasting among Ethiopian children remains limited. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the concordance and validity of RUAC compared with MUAC in identifying wasting among children aged 6-59 months in Southwest Ethiopia. METHODS: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 591 children aged 6-59 months in Southwest Ethiopia from June 2 to June 30, 2023. Participants were selected using simple random sampling from child registration lists used as the sampling frame. Paired RUAC and standard MUAC measurements were obtained from each child to assess agreement between the two methods. Children were classified as wasted using the MUAC cut-off value of < 12.5 cm, and RUAC was categorized using the same threshold. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26. Agreement between RUAC and MUAC was evaluated using Cohen's Kappa for categorical measures and Bland-Altman analysis for continuous measurements. Diagnostic performance was assessed using sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Assumptions for statistical analyses were checked before analysis. RESULTS: Among the participants, 61 (10.4%) children were classified as wasted using standard MUAC measurements. Significant agreement was observed between RUAC and standard MUAC classifications (kappa = 0.69; 95% CI: 0.60-0.79; p < 0.001). Using standard MUAC as the reference method, RUAC demonstrated a sensitivity of 81.6% (95% CI: 71.9%-89.0%) and specificity of 95.2% (95% CI: 93.1%-96.9%) for identifying wasting among children aged 6-59 months. The positive predictive value and negative predictive value of RUAC were 66.2% (95% CI: 55.0%-76.2%) and 97.8% (95% CI: 96.1%-98.9%), respectively. RUAC also demonstrated excellent diagnostic performance, with an area under the curve of 0.99 (95% CI: 0.98-0.99) for severe acute malnutrition and 0.94 (95% CI: 0.93-0.96) for moderate acute malnutrition. CONCLUSION: RUAC showed substantial agreement with standard MUAC and acceptable diagnostic performance for identifying wasting among children aged 6-59 months in Southwest Ethiopia. However, the evidence is limited to a single-site cross-sectional study, therefore, generalization beyond the study population is not justified. Further validation across different Ethiopian settings is recommended. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Husen, Anuwar AU - Husen A AD - Masha Health Center, Sheka Zone, Southwest, Ethiopia. AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Public Health, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia. FAU - Berhane, Anteneh AU - Berhane A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5078-8703 AD - School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harer, Ethiopia. antishaction@gmail.com. FAU - Teshome, Melese Sinaga AU - Teshome MS AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Public Health, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia. AD - Rehabilitation Research Centre (REVAL), Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 7, Diepenbeek, 3590, Belgium. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260624 PL - England TA - BMC Pediatr JT - BMC pediatrics JID - 100967804 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Ethiopia MH - *Arm/anatomy & histology MH - Infant MH - Child, Preschool MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Anthropometry/methods MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - *Wasting Syndrome/diagnosis MH - Sensitivity and Specificity MH - Mass Screening/methods MH - Acute Disease PMC - PMC13560134 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Concordance OT - Correlation OT - Ethiopia OT - Mid-upper arm circumference OT - Random upper arm circumference OT - Validity OT - Wasting COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board of Jimma University, Institute of Health (reference number JUIH/IRB/501/23). Permission to conduct the study was also obtained from the relevant local health authorities. Written informed consent was obtained from the legal guardians of all participating children to data collection. Participation was entirely voluntary, and caregivers were informed of their right to withdraw from the study at any time without any consequences. Confidentiality of the collected information was ensured by assigning anonymized identification codes and restricting data access to the research team only. Consent for publication: Not Applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/25 06:37 MHDA- 2026/09/10 05:37 PMCR- 2026/06/24 CRDT- 2026/06/25 00:25 PHST- 2026/03/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/10 05:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/25 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/25 00:25 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07125-6 [pii] AID - 7125 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07125-6 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pediatr. 2026 Jun 24;26(1):851. doi: 10.1186/s12887-026-07125-6. PMID- 42343232 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260909 LR - 20260911 IS - 1471-2393 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2393 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 25 TI - Predicting the risk of unplanned cesarean delivery at admission to guide labor process management: a retrospective cohort study in Southwest China. LID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09470-x [doi] LID - 1001 AB - BACKGROUND: Following the implementation of the three-child policy in China, an increasing number of pregnant people prefer vaginal delivery over cesarean delivery. However, concerns about unplanned cesarean delivery during labor have increased the demand for a quantitative risk assessment tool. Therefore, developing a prediction model tailored for pregnant Chinese people is essential for assisting clinical decision-making. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with unplanned cesarean delivery during a trial of labor and to develop a predictive model for determining this risk at admission. METHODS: This single-center retrospective cohort study analyzed 1,532 pregnant people with a term, singleton, cephalic pregnancy without a history of uterine surgery who were admitted for a trial of labor (April-December 2021). Of these, 138 underwent unplanned cesarean delivery and 1,394 achieved vaginal delivery. Predictors were selected via LASSO regression from an initial set of 13 candidate variables and used to build a multivariate logistic nomogram. The model was assessed by its AUC, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow test). Clinical utility was evaluated via decision curve analysis, and internal validation was conducted via 1,000 bootstrap repetitions. RESULTS: Eight variables were identified as significant predictors of delivery mode: maternal height, maternal BMI, history of vaginal delivery, Bishop score at admission, premature rupture of membranes, gestational age, complications, and estimated fetal weight. The predictive model achieved an AUC of 0.811 (95% CI: 0.774-0.848). The Hosmer-Lemeshow test indicated P = 0.513. Internal validation yielded a mean AUC of 0.804 and a Brier score of 0.071, demonstrating good discrimination and calibration. CONCLUSION: A nomogram-based predictive model was developed to assess the risk of unplanned cesarean delivery during trial of labor. This model provides a quantitative tool to guide clinicians in risk assessment and optimize labor management, potentially reducing complications associated with unplanned cesarean deliveries. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Yang, Zhuo AU - Yang Z AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Zhang, Huicong AU - Zhang H AD - Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA. FAU - Zheng, Yue AU - Zheng Y AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Chang, Shufang AU - Chang S AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Sun, Jiangchuan AU - Sun J AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. sunjiangchuan@126.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260625 PL - England TA - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth JT - BMC pregnancy and childbirth JID - 100967799 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Cesarean Section/statistics & numerical data MH - China MH - Adult MH - *Trial of Labor MH - Risk Factors MH - Risk Assessment/methods MH - Nomograms PMC - PMC13555930 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Clinical decision-making OT - LASSO regression OT - Nomogram OT - Predictive factors OT - Risk prediction model OT - Unplanned cesarean delivery OT - Vaginal trial of labor COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The Ethics Committee of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University approved this study and waived the need for informed consent because of the retrospective nature of this study. The research was conducted according to the ethical standard of the Helsinki Declaration, and the patient data were stored anonymously in a dedicated database. All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/25 06:38 MHDA- 2026/09/09 07:07 PMCR- 2026/06/25 CRDT- 2026/06/25 00:24 PHST- 2025/09/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/09 07:07 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/25 06:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/25 00:24 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09470-x [pii] AID - 9470 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09470-x [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2026 Jun 25;26(1):1001. doi: 10.1186/s12884-026-09470-x. PMID- 42342487 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260727 IS - 1558-075X (Electronic) IS - 0146-0005 (Linking) VI - 50 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Standardizing outcome measures in preterm infant nutrition research: Use of anthropometry and body composition in the neonatal intensive care unit. PG - 152271 LID - S0146-0005(26)00060-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.semperi.2026.152271 [doi] AB - Nutritional care and growth patterns in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) can impact lifelong health. Standardized measurement and reporting of growth outcomes are critical to improve the quality of information generated in research and population surveillance, facilitate comparisons and meta-analyses across individual studies, and strengthen the evidence used to generate clinical practice recommendations. Anthropometrics, specifically weight, length, and head circumference, are feasible and practical methods to monitor nutritional status. For research purposes, we recommend these anthropometrics be measured at birth (as a measure of fetal growth), 28 days old (to assess short-term growth), and 36 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA) (to determine the postnatal growth pattern in the NICU). We also encourage recording number of days to regain birthweight as a measure of short-term growth. Research publications should describe clearly the methods used to measure anthropometrics and reference curves used to calculate z-scores. Body composition is a complementary marker of nutritional status, but currently validated techniques have practical limitations in the NICU. When body composition tools are available, fat-free mass and fat mass should be measured at approximately 36 weeks PMA. We also describe key knowledge gaps and research priorities regarding growth patterns of preterm infants in the NICU. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Bell, Katherine A AU - Bell KA AD - Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: kbell7@bwh.harvard.edu. FAU - Calkins, Kara L AU - Calkins KL AD - Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. FAU - Gollins, Laura A AU - Gollins LA AD - Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA. FAU - McNelis, Kera AU - McNelis K AD - Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA. FAU - Strobel, Katie M AU - Strobel KM AD - Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260624 PL - United States TA - Semin Perinatol JT - Seminars in perinatology JID - 7801132 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Anthropometrics OT - Body composition OT - Growth OT - Infant OT - Malnutrition OT - Neonate OT - Preterm COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Katherine Bell reports a relationship with National Institute of Child Health and Human Development that includes: funding grants. Katherine Bell reports a relationship with Allen Foundation Inc that includes: funding grants. Katie Strobel reports a relationship with National Institute of Child Health and Human Development that includes: funding grants. Katie Strobel reports a relationship with Gerber Foundation that includes: funding grants. Katie Strobel reports a relationship with University of Washington Nutrition Obesity Research Center that includes: funding grants. Katie Strobel reports a relationship with Robert W. Anderson Endowed Fund that includes: funding grants. Katie Strobel reports a relationship with NEC Society that includes: funding grants. Kera McNelis reports a relationship with National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases that includes: funding grants. Kera McNelis reports a relationship with ELGAN Study (site PI) that includes: funding grants and travel reimbursement. Kara Calkins reports a relationship with Fresenius Kabi USA LLC that includes: consulting or advisory and funding grants. Kara Calkins reports a relationship with Mead Johnson Nutrition Company that includes: consulting or advisory, funding grants, and speaking and lecture fees. Kara Calkins reports a relationship with Baxter International Inc that includes: consulting or advisory. Kara Calkins reports a relationship with Premier Research that includes: funding grants. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/06/25 00:33 MHDA- 2026/06/25 00:33 CRDT- 2026/06/24 21:55 PHST- 2026/05/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/25 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/25 00:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/24 21:55 [entrez] AID - S0146-0005(26)00060-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.semperi.2026.152271 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Semin Perinatol. 2026 Aug;50(5):152271. doi: 10.1016/j.semperi.2026.152271. Epub 2026 Jun 24. PMID- 42341672 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260828 IS - 1096-7206 (Electronic) IS - 1096-7192 (Linking) VI - 148 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Ketogenic diet therapy in pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency: Global clinical practice from literature and survey data. PG - 110190 LID - S1096-7192(26)00473-7 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ymgme.2026.110190 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency (PDHD) is a rare mitochondrial disorder characterized by impaired carbohydrate metabolism, resulting in lactic acidosis and neurological dysfunction. Ketogenic diet therapy (KDT) is commonly used to bypass defective glucose metabolism; however, evidence guiding clinical practice remains limited. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate global clinical practice and published evidence regarding the use of KDT in children and young people with PDHD. METHODS: A combined literature review and international clinician survey were conducted. A systematic search identified studies reporting KDT use in PDHD. Two international surveys targeting registered dietitians and medical doctors collected data on clinical practice, diet initiation, monitoring, outcomes, and adverse effects. RESULTS: Forty studies describing 129 patients were identified, predominantly case reports or series. Survey responses were obtained from 41 dietitians (142 patients) and 14 physicians (64 patients) across multiple regions. All physician respondents supported referral for KDT at diagnosis regardless of genotype. Classical ketogenic diets were most commonly prescribed, though modified approaches were frequently used in clinical practice to improve feasibility and palatability. Target beta-hydroxybutyrate levels typically ranged between 2 and 4 mmol/L, although treatment was frequently individualized. Findings demonstrated improvements in seizure control, motor function, cognition, and quality of life. Adverse effects were primarily gastrointestinal. CONCLUSIONS: KDT is a widely used and generally well tolerated therapeutic strategy for PDHD across genotypes and age groups, with reported clinical benefits extending beyond seizure control. Clinical practice demonstrates variability, reflecting the limited high-quality evidence base. Development of standardized but flexible clinical guidelines and further longitudinal studies are needed to optimize patient outcomes. CI - Crown Copyright (c) 2026. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Madsen, Sarianne AU - Madsen S AD - UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital San Francisco, 1825 Fourth Street, Fifth Floor, 5A, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA. Electronic address: sarianne.madsen@ucsf.edu. FAU - Allender, Brooke AU - Allender B AD - The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Lemington Rd, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia. Electronic address: brooke.allender@rch.org.au. FAU - Blackford, Robyn AU - Blackford R AD - Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, 225 E Chicago Ave, Box 29, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. Electronic address: rblackford@luriechildrens.org. FAU - Bollard, Tessa AU - Bollard T AD - Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, High Street, Randwick 2031, NSW, Australia. Electronic address: tessa.bollard@health.nsw.gov.au. FAU - Comerford, Annabel AU - Comerford A AD - Women's and Children's Health Network, 72 King William Road, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia 5006. Electronic address: annabel.comerford@sa.gov.au. FAU - Johnson, Meredith L AU - Johnson ML AD - Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, 1001 Johnson Ferry Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30342, USA. Electronic address: meredith.johnson2@choa.org. FAU - Sinha, Rachel AU - Sinha R AD - The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Lemington Rd, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia. Electronic address: rachel.sinha@rch.org.au. FAU - Vanatta, Lisa AU - Vanatta L AD - Barrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children's, 1919 E. Thomas Road, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA. Electronic address: lvanatta@phoenixchildrens.com. FAU - Whiteley, Victoria J AU - Whiteley VJ AD - Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9WL, UK. Electronic address: victoria.whiteley@mft.nhs.uk. FAU - Schoeler, Natasha E AU - Schoeler NE AD - UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK; Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Great Ormond St, London WC1N 3JH, UK. Electronic address: n.schoeler@ucl.ac.uk. CN - Ketogenic Dietitians Research Network LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20260618 PL - United States TA - Mol Genet Metab JT - Molecular genetics and metabolism JID - 9805456 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - Male MH - *Diet, Ketogenic/methods/adverse effects MH - *Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Deficiency Disease/diet therapy MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Treatment Outcome OTO - NOTNLM OT - Ketogenic diet therapy OT - Pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency COIS- Declaration of competing interest SM received scholarship from Charlie Foundation to attend a conference. BA has received grants from Vitaflo and Metabolic Dietary Disorders Australia (NPO) to attend conferences. RB is a consultant to Nutricia North America and received scholarship from Charlie Foundation. TB received funding from Vitaflo Australia and Nutricia Advanced Medical Nutrition for accommodation and flights. AC has received grants from Nutricia Advanced Medical Nutrition and Vitaflo Australia. MLJ is a consultant to Ajinomoto Cambrooke and Nutricia North America and previously received scholarship from Charlie Foundation. RS has received grants from Nutricia Advanced Medical Nutrition and Vitaflo to attend conferences. LV previously received funding for research from Ajinomoto Cambrooke; Consultant to Nutricia North America; scholarship from Charlie Foundation; and honoraria from Keto Hope Foundation, Functional formularies, and Dr. Schaer. VJW has received grants from Nutricia Advanced Medical Nutrition, Vitaflo and Matthew's Friends Charity, and honoraria from Nutricia Advanced Medical Nutrition, Vitaflo, Dr. Schaer and Ajinomoto Cambrooke. NES was previously supported for a research post by Vitaflo. She has received grants from Nutricia Advanced Medical Nutrition, Vitaflo and Matthew's Friends Charity, and honoraria from Nutricia Advanced Medical Nutrition, Vitaflo, Dr. Schaer, Proveca and Grin Therapeutics Inc. EDAT- 2026/06/25 00:33 MHDA- 2026/07/16 12:40 CRDT- 2026/06/24 18:10 PHST- 2026/04/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/16 12:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/25 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/24 18:10 [entrez] AID - S1096-7192(26)00473-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ymgme.2026.110190 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Mol Genet Metab. 2026 Aug;148(4):110190. doi: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2026.110190. Epub 2026 Jun 18. PMID- 42340201 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260720 LR - 20260818 IS - 1728-0591 (Electronic) IS - 1728-0583 (Linking) VI - 37 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Aug TI - The associations between screen time and mental health in children aged 0-12: A systematic review. PG - 201-231 LID - 10.2989/17280583.2026.2661687 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: : It is advised that children up to two years of age avoid any screen time (i.e., using digital screens), that those between the ages of two and five years should not exceed one hour per day, and that children aged five to 12 years should only have access to two hours of screen time per day. However, in the digital age, parents find it difficult to control the time their children spend on screens. AIM: : This article aimed to systematically synthesise the evidence on the associations between screen time and mental health outcomes in children aged 0 to 12 years. METHOD: : A systematic literature review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The search was defined according to the Population, Exposure, Comparator, and Outcomes (PECO) strategy, using the descriptors 'children', 'screen time' and 'mental health' when searching the databases PubMed, Scopus, and PsycINFO. Articles were included if they directly evaluated the associations between screen time and mental health, measured the results using validated instruments, included children aged 0 to 12 years, and were published since 2013. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to check the methodological quality of the studies. The results were described by presenting the characteristics of the studies, the quality assessment, and the associations between screen time and mental health in longitudinal and cross-sectional studies. RESULTS: : This review assessed the quality of evidence and the frequency with which different mental health problems have been investigated in relation to screen time in children. Fifty-two studies were included, with most addressing attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (n = 19), conduct problems (n = 13), externalising symptoms (n = 9), depression (n = 11), and anxiety (n = 9). Symptoms of attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, mood symptoms, emotional and social difficulties, conduct problems, low self-esteem, and sleep disturbances were positively associated with screen time, presenting evidence considered to be of high quality. LIMITATIONS: : Although this review concluded that screen time significantly affects children's mental health, some limitations should be noted. The lack of longitudinal data made it difficult to establish a clear causal relationship in most studies, and screen time measures may have introduced a potentia memory bias, as well as relying on parental recall. CONCLUSION: : Screen time warrants careful consideration in relation to children's mental health. Promoting off-screen activities may be crucial to reducing the risk of unfavourable mental health outcomes associated with exposure to the digital environment. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies to understand the causal relationships between children's psychosocial responses to the different purposes of screen use and the type of content to which they are exposed. FAU - Santos, Renata Maria Silva AU - Santos RMS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5737-7712 AD - Federal University of Minas Gerais, Graduate Program Molecular Medicine, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. FAU - Ventura, Samara de Alcantara AU - Ventura SA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4167-8961 AD - Federal University of Minas Gerais, Scientific Research Program Molecular Medicine, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. FAU - Goncalves, Maria Eduarda Oliveira de Albuquerque AU - Goncalves MEOA AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-0839-9529 AD - Federal University of Minas Gerais, Scientific Research Program Molecular Medicine, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. FAU - Nogueira, Yago Jean de Almeida AU - Nogueira YJA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6215-4310 AD - Federal University of Minas Gerais, Scientific Research Program Molecular Medicine, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. FAU - Mendes, Camila Guimaraes AU - Mendes CG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8176-814X AD - Federal University of Minas Gerais, Graduate Program Children and Adolescent Health, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. FAU - Miranda, Debora Marques AU - Miranda DM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7081-8401 AD - Federal University of Minas Gerais, Department of Pediatrics, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. FAU - Romano-Silva, Marco Aurelio AU - Romano-Silva MA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6558-4639 AD - Federal University of Minas Gerais, Department of Psychiatry, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20260624 PL - South Africa TA - J Child Adolesc Ment Health JT - Journal of child and adolescent mental health JID - 101242019 SB - IM MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - Digital Media MH - Media Exposure MH - *Mental Health MH - *Screen Time MH - Male MH - Female MH - Infant, Newborn OTO - NOTNLM OT - children OT - media OT - mental health OT - screen time EDAT- 2026/06/24 12:36 MHDA- 2026/07/20 12:40 CRDT- 2026/06/24 09:53 PHST- 2026/07/20 12:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/24 12:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/24 09:53 [entrez] AID - 10.2989/17280583.2026.2661687 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Child Adolesc Ment Health. 2026 Aug;37(2):201-231. doi: 10.2989/17280583.2026.2661687. Epub 2026 Jun 24. PMID- 42340009 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260908 LR - 20260908 IS - 1365-2788 (Electronic) IS - 0964-2633 (Print) IS - 0964-2633 (Linking) VI - 70 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Validation of the Q87.11 ICD Code for Prader-Willi Syndrome. PG - 1125-1129 LID - 10.1111/jir.70140 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare genetic disorder that is identified by the ICD-10 code Q87.11. Although this code has been used in several large studies, its diagnostic validity has not been evaluated. This study assessed the accuracy of the Q87.11 code for identifying individuals with PWS. METHODS: The electronic health record (EHR) of a large health system was reviewed for patients with the Q87.11 code. Additionally, a 10% random sample of patients with free-text evidence of possible PWS but no code was reviewed. All charts were assessed for PWS using expert review. Diagnostic validity of the Q87.11 code was assessed at both the individual level (i.e., using a single diagnostic code at any point in the EHR to define the patient as having PWS) and encounter level (looking at coding behaviour for individual inpatient or outpatient episodes of care) using sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV). RESULTS: Of 2 718 218 patients with >/= 4 recorded encounters, 126 had at least one Q87.11 code; 122 were confirmed to have PWS by chart review. This yielded a PPV of 96.8% (95% CI: 92.0%-99.1%). Full-chart review of patients with text evidence of PWS but no code estimated a code sensitivity of 92.4% (95% CI: 68.9%-100%) and specificity and NPV of 100%. On a per-encounter basis, sensitivity was 79.4% (95% CI: 62.6%-91.1%) for inpatient and 46.0% (95% CI: 44.1%-47.9%) for outpatient visits. CONCLUSIONS: A single use of the Q87.11 diagnostic code produces excellent sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV for identifying patients with PWS, although sensitivity is lower for individual outpatient encounters compared with inpatient ones. The overall accuracy of the Q87.11 code supports the validity of using this code in the analysis of administrative claims datasets. CI - (c) 2026 MENCAP and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Luccarelli, James AU - Luccarelli J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1606-3917 AD - Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. AD - Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Strong, Theresa V AU - Strong TV AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6783-8703 AD - Foundation for Prader-Willi Research, Covina, California, USA. FAU - McCoy, Thomas H Jr AU - McCoy TH Jr AD - Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. AD - Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. LA - eng GR - T32 MH112485/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States GR - Foundation for Prader-Willi Research/ GR - T32MH112485/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States GR - T32MH112485/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260624 PL - England TA - J Intellect Disabil Res JT - Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR JID - 9206090 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Prader-Willi Syndrome/diagnosis MH - *International Classification of Diseases/standards MH - Female MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Adolescent MH - Male MH - Adult MH - *Electronic Health Records/statistics & numerical data/standards MH - Young Adult MH - Sensitivity and Specificity MH - Infant MH - Middle Aged PMC - PMC13374534 MID - NIHMS2192231 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Prader-Willi syndrome OT - coding OT - cohort studies OT - detection COIS- J.L. receives funding from Harvard Medical School Dupont Warren Fellowship and Livingston Awards, the Rappaport Foundation, the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and the Foundation for Prader-Willi Research. He has received equity and consulting fees from Revival Therapeutics Inc. and consulting fees from Soleno Therapeutics. T.V.S. is an employee of the Foundation for Prader-Willi Research and has received consulting fees from Soleno Therapeutics. T.H.M. receives funding, through his institution, from National Institute of Health, Telefonica Alfa, InterSystems, Philips Research North America and honoraria from Springer Nature publishing. EDAT- 2026/06/24 12:36 MHDA- 2026/09/08 23:35 PMCR- 2026/09/09 CRDT- 2026/06/24 09:39 PHST- 2026/06/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/08/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/08 23:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/24 12:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/24 09:39 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JIR70140 [pii] AID - 10.1111/jir.70140 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Intellect Disabil Res. 2026 Oct;70(10):1125-1129. doi: 10.1111/jir.70140. Epub 2026 Jun 24. PMID- 42339945 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260624 LR - 20260813 IS - 2317-1782 (Electronic) IS - 2317-1782 (Linking) VI - 38 IP - 4 DP - 2026 TI - Habitual lip and tongue posture in infants with Trisomy 21: characterization and associated factors. PG - e20250157 LID - S2317-17822026000400608 [pii] LID - 10.1590/2317-1782/e20250157pt [doi] LID - e20250157 AB - PURPOSE: To characterize the habitual lip and tongue posture in infants with trisomy 21 and to verify its association with age, sex, and clinical characteristics. METHODS: This is an observational, cross-sectional, analytical study with a sample of 61 infants with trisomy 21, with a mean age of 7.4 +/- 6.2 months. The habitual lip and tongue posture was obtained through the analysis of videos of the infants' faces. Data regarding age, sex, and clinical conditions were collected from the participants' medical records. The study response variables were the habitual tongue and lip postures predominantly adopted by the infants. Explanatory variables included age, sex, prematurity, birth weight, heart disease, hypothyroidism, lung disease, breastfeeding, and use of bottles and pacifiers. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson's chi-square test for association between variables, with a 5% significance level. The study used 20% of the videos to verify the kappa coefficient and obtain intrarater and interrater agreement, classified as excellent and substantial, respectively. RESULTS: The longest postures were parted lips (48.2%) and tongue inside the oral cavity (32.4%). Lip posture was associated with age at the time of assessment and birth weight, and tongue posture was associated with breastfeeding. CONCLUSION: Younger chronological age at the time of assessment and higher birth weight were associated with better lip posture, while breastfeeding was associated with better tongue posture. FAU - Godinho, Leticia Pereira Quintaes AU - Godinho LPQ AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-0959-3735 AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brasil. FAU - Campos, Larissa Melgaco AU - Campos LM AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-2571-376X AD - Programa de Pos-graduacao em Ciencias Fonoaudiologicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brasil. FAU - Motta, Andrea Rodrigues AU - Motta AR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1582-3785 AD - Programa de Pos-graduacao em Ciencias Fonoaudiologicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brasil. AD - Departamento de Fonoaudiologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brasil. FAU - Furlan, Renata Maria Moreira Moraes AU - Furlan RMMM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7588-9316 AD - Programa de Pos-graduacao em Ciencias Fonoaudiologicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brasil. AD - Departamento de Fonoaudiologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brasil. LA - por LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study TT - Postura habitual dos labios e da lingua em lactentes com Trissomia do 21: caracterizacao e fatores associados. DEP - 20260619 PL - Brazil TA - Codas JT - CoDAS JID - 101623246 SB - IM MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Male MH - Age Factors MH - Birth Weight MH - Breast Feeding MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Down Syndrome/physiopathology MH - *Lip/physiology/physiopathology MH - Tongue/physiology MH - *Tongue Habits PMC - PMC13322487 COIS- Conflict of interests: nothing to declare. EDAT- 2026/06/24 12:35 MHDA- 2026/06/25 00:34 PMCR- 2026/06/19 CRDT- 2026/06/24 09:37 PHST- 2025/05/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/01/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/25 00:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/24 12:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/24 09:37 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2317-17822026000400608 [pii] AID - codas20250157_PT [pii] AID - 10.1590/2317-1782/e20250157pt [doi] PST - epublish SO - Codas. 2026 Jun 19;38(4):e20250157. doi: 10.1590/2317-1782/e20250157pt. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42339687 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260624 LR - 20260624 IS - 1471-2865 (Electronic) IS - 1358-2267 (Linking) VI - 31 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Aerobic Exercise Combined With Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in College Students at Suicide Risk: Protocol for a Single-Centre Non-Randomised Controlled Pilot Study. PG - e70263 LID - 10.1002/pri.70263 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: College students are vulnerable to depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation, sleep disturbance, and stress-related psychological problems. Aerobic exercise and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) have each shown therapeutic potential in affective disorders, but evidence on their combined application in college students at suicide risk remains limited, particularly when neurophysiological outcomes are considered. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the feasibility, safety, and preliminary effects of aerobic exercise combined with rTMS on suicidal ideation, depressive symptoms, sleep, and prefrontal functional activation in college students at suicide risk. METHODS: This prospective single-centre non-randomised controlled pilot study will enrol students aged 18-21 years who are identified as being at suicide risk by the Xinhai University Crisis Intervention System. At-risk participants will enter one of three groups: active rTMS plus aerobic exercise, sham rTMS plus aerobic exercise, or standardised group psychological intervention/usual support. A separately recruited healthy reference cohort will complete the same assessment schedule without active treatment. Active rTMS will be delivered over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex at 10 Hz and 120% of the individual motor threshold once daily for 2 weeks. Aerobic exercise will be prescribed at a target heart-rate zone of 135-164 beats/min for 30-60 min per session every 2 days for 2 weeks, with heart rate and adherence objectively monitored. OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcomes are changes in the Self-rating Idea of Suicide Scale (SIOSS) total score and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) standard score from baseline to week 4. Secondary outcomes include SIOSS and SDS dimensions, total sleep time, task-related and resting-state functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) measures, adherence, concomitant care, and adverse events. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The study was approved by the Ethical Review Committee of Yancheng First People's Hospital (Approval No. 2023-K-230) and the Ethics Committee of INTI International University (Approval No. INTI-IU/FHLS-RC/BTCMI/AUGUST2022/003). Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and academic conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2400079723. CI - (c) 2026 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Yu, Cui AU - Yu C AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-7604-3992 AD - Jiangsu Medical College, Yancheng, China. FAU - Lu, Yuwen AU - Lu Y AD - Jiangsu Vocational Institute of Commerce, Nanjing, China. FAU - Peng, Cheng AU - Peng C AD - Jiangsu Medical College, Yancheng, China. FAU - Wang, Ziyi AU - Wang Z AD - Jiangsu Medical College, Yancheng, China. FAU - Wong, Ling Shing AU - Wong LS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5869-0804 AD - INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia. FAU - Dong, Xinchun AU - Dong X AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-9717-6151 AD - Jiangsu Medical College, Yancheng, China. LA - eng GR - 2022B02/Jiangsu Primary Health Development and General Medicine Education Research Center/ GR - JSS-L-2024024/2024 Jiangsu Provincial Social Education Planning Project/ GR - C/2024/01/98/2024 Jiangsu Provincial Education Science Planning Project Youth Special/ GR - Z202512/The Major Research Project of the Wuxi Municipal Health Commission/ GR - Q202419/Youth Project of the Wuxi Municipal Health Commission/ PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Physiother Res Int JT - Physiotherapy research international : the journal for researchers and clinicians in physical therapy JID - 9612022 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Pilot Projects MH - Young Adult MH - *Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation/methods MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - Prospective Studies MH - Male MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - *Students/psychology MH - *Suicide Prevention MH - Depression/therapy MH - Suicidal Ideation MH - Feasibility Studies MH - Universities OTO - NOTNLM OT - aerobic exercise OT - college students OT - depression OT - feasibility studies OT - functional near-infrared spectroscopy OT - repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation OT - sleep OT - suicidal ideation OT - suicide risk EDAT- 2026/06/24 12:35 MHDA- 2026/06/25 00:34 CRDT- 2026/06/24 06:33 PHST- 2026/05/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/25 00:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/24 12:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/24 06:33 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/pri.70263 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Physiother Res Int. 2026 Jul;31(3):e70263. doi: 10.1002/pri.70263. PMID- 42339555 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260908 LR - 20260911 IS - 1365-2788 (Electronic) IS - 0964-2633 (Print) IS - 0964-2633 (Linking) VI - 70 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Assessing the Diagnostic Performance of Triglyceride-Glucose-Based Indices for Early Detection of Metabolic Syndrome in Paediatric Down Syndrome. PG - 1022-1032 LID - 10.1111/jir.70134 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Down syndrome (DS) youth have an increased risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study assessed the diagnostic performance of the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) and its derivatives-TyG-BMI, TyG-waist circumference (WC) and TyG-waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) in detecting MetS compared with traditional markers. METHODS: We retrospectively analysed data from 60 DS patients and 40 controls; IR was estimated using HOMA-IR, TyG, TyG-BMI, TyG-WC and TyG-WHtR indices. MetS was defined by the presence of at least three of the following criteria: BMI z-score >/= 2 SD and/or WC/H ratio >/= 0.5; fasting glucose > 100 mg/dL and/or pathological HOMA-IR; dyslipidaemia; hypertension. RESULTS: MetS prevalence was 15% in DS. HOMA-IR showed the highest sensitivity (0.667) and specificity (0.80) to detect MetS, while TyG demonstrated similar performance (sensitivity 0.667; specificity 0.843) and the best overall accuracy (0.817). Composite indices showed moderate accuracy but high specificity. CONCLUSIONS: TyG, being simple and cost-effective, may be a valuable alternative for early MetS detection in DS. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Journal of Intellectual Disability Research published by MENCAP and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Calcaterra, Valeria AU - Calcaterra V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2137-5974 AD - Pediatric and Adolescent Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. AD - Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy. FAU - Labati, Lucia AU - Labati L AD - Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy. AD - Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science "L. Sacco", University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Gazzarri, Alessandra Anna AU - Gazzarri AA AD - Associazione Vivi Down Onlus, Milan, Italy. FAU - De Lorenzo, Alice AU - De Lorenzo A AD - Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy. FAU - Scavone, Ilaria Anna Maria AU - Scavone IAM AD - Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy. FAU - Zuccotti, Gianvincenzo AU - Zuccotti G AD - Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy. AD - Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science "L. Sacco", University of Milan, Milan, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260624 PL - England TA - J Intellect Disabil Res JT - Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR JID - 9206090 RN - 0 (Triglycerides) RN - 0 (Blood Glucose) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Metabolic Syndrome/diagnosis/epidemiology/blood MH - *Triglycerides/blood MH - Female MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Child MH - Early Diagnosis MH - *Down Syndrome/epidemiology/blood MH - Male MH - *Blood Glucose/metabolism MH - Adolescent MH - Sensitivity and Specificity MH - Child, Preschool PMC - PMC13553318 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Down syndrome OT - HOMA-IR OT - children OT - metabolic syndrome OT - paediatrics OT - triglyceride-glucose-based indices COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/24 06:39 MHDA- 2026/09/08 23:35 PMCR- 2026/09/09 CRDT- 2026/06/24 05:03 PHST- 2026/05/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/10/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/08 23:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/24 06:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/24 05:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JIR70134 [pii] AID - 10.1111/jir.70134 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Intellect Disabil Res. 2026 Oct;70(10):1022-1032. doi: 10.1111/jir.70134. Epub 2026 Jun 24. PMID- 42339296 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260827 LR - 20260922 IS - 2296-2360 (Print) IS - 2296-2360 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2360 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Comparison of Chinese and international birth weight standards in predicting early childhood growth outcomes: a retrospective cohort study. PG - 1810686 LID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1810686 [doi] LID - 1810686 AB - BACKGROUND: Birth weight serves as a key predictor for long-term health trajectories. Currently, both international and Chinese standards are used to evaluate birth weight. This study aims to compare the Chinese Newborn Growth Standards (CNGS) and the INTERGROWTH-21st (IG-21) standards in terms of birth weight classification and their predictive performance for the wasting and possible risk of overweight during infancy and toddlerhood. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 1,149 full-term singleton infants with longitudinal growth data recorded at 1, 2, and 3 years of age. Birth weight was categorized according to both the CNGS and IG-21 standards. Wasting and possible risk of overweight during infancy and toddlerhood were assessed according to World Health Organization (WHO) standards. Agreement between the two classification systems was evaluated using the weighted Kappa statistic. The predictive performance of each standard for growth outcomes was compared using modified Poisson regression models. RESULTS: The CNGS and IG-21 standards showed high agreement (Kappa = 0.856). In terms of predictive performance, based on the CNGS, small for gestational age (SGA) was significantly associated with wasting at 1 and 2 years, and large for gestational age (LGA) was significantly associated with possible risk of overweight at 2 years. In contrast, based on the IG-21 standards, only SGA showed a significant association with wasting across all follow-up ages. Overall, the CNGS demonstrated higher specificity in predicting wasting and possible risk of overweight in infants and toddlers. CONCLUSION: Although the CNGS and IG-21 standards showed high agreement, the CNGS demonstrated superior predictive validity for growth outcomes during infancy and toddlerhood, particularly for possible risk of overweight. CI - (c) 2026 Zhang, Zhang, Gao, Li, Zhang, Liu and Li. FAU - Zhang, Ting AU - Zhang T AD - Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, Shandong, China. FAU - Zhang, Zhenyu AU - Zhang Z AD - School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China. FAU - Gao, Mai AU - Gao M AD - Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, Shandong, China. FAU - Li, Ziyun AU - Li Z AD - Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, Shandong, China. FAU - Zhang, Li AU - Zhang L AD - Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, Shandong, China. FAU - Liu, Huijuan AU - Liu H AD - Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, Shandong, China. FAU - Li, Yan AU - Li Y AD - Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, Shandong, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260608 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Pediatr JT - Frontiers in pediatrics JID - 101615492 EIN - Front Pediatr. 2026 Jul 20;14:1905752. doi: 10.3389/fped.2026.1905752. PMID: 42549124 PMC - PMC13284055 OTO - NOTNLM OT - birth weight OT - growth standards OT - possible risk of overweight OT - predictive validity OT - wasting COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/24 06:36 MHDA- 2026/06/24 06:37 PMCR- 2026/06/08 CRDT- 2026/06/24 04:45 PHST- 2026/02/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/24 06:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/24 06:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/24 04:45 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1810686 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Pediatr. 2026 Jun 8;14:1810686. doi: 10.3389/fped.2026.1810686. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42339295 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260624 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-2360 (Print) IS - 2296-2360 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2360 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - A novel nutritional tool to identify infants at risk of stunting. PG - 1782208 LID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1782208 [doi] LID - 1782208 AB - OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to develop and validate a novel scoring system and prediction algorithm integrating growth, nutritional, and biochemical indicators for the identification of infant stunting, defined as length-for-age Z-score < -2 standard deviations according to the World Health Organization (WHO) Child Growth Standards. METHODS: A retrospective cohort of 380 infants (aged 0-12 months) undergoing routine health examinations was enrolled. Participants were randomly allocated to a training set (n = 266) and a internal validation set (n = 114) in a 7:3 ratio. In the training set, univariate analysis identified candidate indicators (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression were subsequently used to select independent predictors and prevent overfitting. Three machine learning models-Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, and Support Vector Machine-were constructed. Model performance was evaluated using the Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC), calibration curves, and Decision Curve Analysis. Interpretability was assessed via SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) values. A visual nomogram was developed. RESULTS: Baseline characteristics were comparable between the training and internal validation sets (P > 0.05). Five indicators were significantly associated with stunting, including infant weight Z-score, length Z-score, length growth velocity, diversity of complementary foods, and hemoglobin (Hb). Length growth velocity was the strongest predictor (OR=0.340, 95% CI: 0.211-0.548, P < 0.001). LASSO regression confirmed infant weight Z-score, length Z-score, length growth velocity, number of complementary food types, and Hb as the optimal variable combination. The Gradient Boosting model demonstrated superior performance, with an AUC of 0.861 (95% CI: 0.784-0.938) in the training set and 0.850 (95% CI: 0.699-1.000) in the internal validation set. Its calibration was excellent, and decision curve analysis indicated a higher net benefit across a wide risk threshold range. SHAP analysis identified infant weight Z-score as the most critical predictive variable. The nomogram provided a practical tool for quantitative risk assessment. CONCLUSION: The developed nutritional scoring system and Gradient Boosting prediction algorithm exhibited robust performance in identifying infants at risk of stunting. This tool facilitates early quantitative risk assessment and supports targeted clinical interventions. CI - (c) 2026 Wei, Su, Wei and Zhan. FAU - Wei, Qian AU - Wei Q AD - Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province, China. FAU - Su, Dandan AU - Su D AD - Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province, China. FAU - Wei, Jihong AU - Wei J AD - Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province, China. FAU - Zhan, Yaowu AU - Zhan Y AD - Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260608 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Pediatr JT - Frontiers in pediatrics JID - 101615492 PMC - PMC13283820 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SHAP values OT - infant growth faltering OT - machine learning OT - nutritional scoring system OT - prediction algorithm COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/24 06:38 MHDA- 2026/06/24 06:39 PMCR- 2026/06/08 CRDT- 2026/06/24 04:45 PHST- 2026/01/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/24 06:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/24 06:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/24 04:45 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1782208 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Pediatr. 2026 Jun 8;14:1782208. doi: 10.3389/fped.2026.1782208. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42338068 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260625 LR - 20260813 IS - 2398-9238 (Electronic) IS - 2398-9238 (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Dietary Phytochemical Index and Its Relationship With Diminished Ovarian Reserve: Evidence From a Case-Control Study. PG - e70201 LID - 10.1002/edm2.70201 [doi] LID - e70201 AB - INTRODUCTION: Diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) represents a significant contributor to female infertility and adverse reproductive outcomes. Although diet may play a role, the specific impact of phytochemical-rich dietary patterns remains underexplored. So, we aimed to investigate the association between adherence to a dietary phytochemical index (DPI) and the likelihood of DOR among women attending fertility clinics. METHODS: This case-control study enrolled 370 women, comprising 120 individuals diagnosed with DOR and 250 age- and body mass index (BMI)-matched controls with normal ovarian reserve. A validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was applied to assess dietary intakes and, accordingly, DPI was calculated as the proportion of total energy intake obtained from phytochemical-abundant foods. Antral follicle count (AFC) and serum anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) measurements were utilized as indicators of ovarian reserve. The association between DPI and the odds of DOR was investigated using multivariable logistic regression models. RESULTS: Our findings showed that higher DPI was associated with a reduced odds of DOR (Q4 vs. Q1 OR: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.55-0.93; p-trend = 0.010). After adjustment for physical activity and energy intake, the association remained significant (OR: 0.80; 95% CI: 0.54-0.95; p-trend = 0.033). In the fully adjusted model, which included additional adjustments for fat mass and body mass index, women in the highest DPI quartile had 27% lower odds of DOR compared to those in the lowest quartile (OR: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.42-0.97; p-trend = 0.02). Besides, in the control group, AFC differed significantly across DPI quartiles (p < 0.001), with the highest mean in the second quartile. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that a phytochemical-rich diet may help reduce the odds of DOR, highlighting the role of diet in reproductive health. However, further prospective studies and mechanistic research are warranted to confirm these results and clarify underlying pathways. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Khodarahmi, Mahdieh AU - Khodarahmi M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0689-6958 AD - Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. FAU - Askari, Gholamreza AU - Askari G AD - Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. FAU - Vajdi, Mahdi AU - Vajdi M AD - Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. FAU - Mokari-Yamchi, Amin AU - Mokari-Yamchi A AD - Maternal and Childhood Obesity Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran. FAU - Ghasemi-Tehrani, Hatav AU - Ghasemi-Tehrani H AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. FAU - Kalatehjari, Maryam AU - Kalatehjari M AD - Obstetrics & Gynecology Department, University of Washington, Seattle, USA. FAU - Ghavami, Abed AU - Ghavami A AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. LA - eng GR - 2401257/Isfahan University of Medical Sciences/ PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study PL - England TA - Endocrinol Diabetes Metab JT - Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism JID - 101732442 RN - 0 (Phytochemicals) RN - 80497-65-0 (Anti-Mullerian Hormone) SB - IM MH - Case-Control Studies MH - *Diet/adverse effects/statistics & numerical data MH - *Phytochemicals/administration & dosage MH - *Ovarian Reserve/drug effects/physiology MH - *Eating/physiology MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Adult MH - Body Mass Index MH - Infertility, Female/epidemiology/etiology MH - Diet Surveys MH - Anti-Mullerian Hormone/blood MH - Ovarian Follicle/drug effects MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - Middle Aged PMC - PMC13291195 OTO - NOTNLM OT - dietary phytochemical index OT - diminished ovarian reserve OT - infertility OT - ovarian function OT - phytochemicals COIS- The authors declare no conflicts interest. EDAT- 2026/06/24 06:38 MHDA- 2026/06/25 00:33 PMCR- 2026/06/23 CRDT- 2026/06/24 02:23 PHST- 2026/02/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/11/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/25 00:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/24 06:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/24 02:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - EDM270201 [pii] AID - 10.1002/edm2.70201 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Endocrinol Diabetes Metab. 2026 Jul;9(4):e70201. doi: 10.1002/edm2.70201. PMID- 42337511 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260909 LR - 20260916 IS - 1471-2431 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2431 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 24 TI - Nonlinear association between body mass index and physical fitness in primary school children: a single-school cross-sectional study using generalized additive models. LID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07226-2 [doi] LID - 843 AB - BACKGROUND: Body mass index (BMI) is associated with physical fitness in children, but the functional form of this relationship is debated. Using routinely collected fitness-monitoring data from a single primary school, this study examined whether BMI is nonlinearly associated with physical fitness in primary school children, treating the analysis as a methodological, single-school demonstration rather than a population-representative survey. METHODS: We analysed records from 1,572 students (808 boys, 764 girls; Grades 1-6) nested within 37 classes in one school in Tianfu New Area, Sichuan, China. BMI was calculated from measured height and weight. Four fitness indicators available for the whole sample-vital capacity, 50-m sprint, sit-and-reach, and 1-min rope skipping-were analysed as the primary outcomes; a composite index (mean of sex- and grade-standardised z-scores, with the 50-m sprint reverse-coded so that higher scores denote better fitness) was retained as a secondary descriptive summary. Quadratic regression and generalized additive models (GAMs; penalised cubic B-splines) adjusted for sex and grade were used to model BMI. Primary overall and sex-stratified models used cluster-robust standard errors at the class level; grade-stratified exploratory models, each based on only a few classes, were assessed with model-based smooth tests. Nonlinearity was quantified with the effective degrees of freedom (EDF) of the BMI smooth and a Wald test, and exploratory subgroup analyses were corrected for multiple comparisons (Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate, FDR). RESULTS: The class-level intraclass correlation was non-negligible for BMI (0.124) and the 50-m sprint (0.085), confirming the need to account for clustering. After cluster-robust adjustment, BMI showed a statistically supported nonlinear association with the 50-m sprint (EDF = 4.4, P < 0.001), 1-min rope skipping (EDF = 5.1, P < 0.001), and the composite index (EDF = 5.7, P < 0.001), but not with vital capacity (EDF = 1.0, P = 0.44). For the 50-m sprint the best predicted performance was well localised at a BMI of about 16.2 kg/m(2); for 1-min rope skipping the optimum was less precisely located, and for the composite index the cluster bootstrap did not identify a stable interior optimum (it spread the maximum across approximately 15.7-21.2 kg/m(2), with a median of approximately 19.7 kg/m(2) well above the full-sample point estimate). Predicted performance declined at both lower and higher BMI. The quadratic turning point (~ 18.5 kg/m(2)) was higher than the GAM peak and moved toward the GAM estimate when sparse BMI tails were trimmed, indicating sensitivity of the parabola to extreme values. In exploratory, FDR-corrected subgroup analyses, nonlinearity remained statistically supported in girls and in Grades 1 and 3 but not in boys or other grades; these subgroup findings are hypothesis-generating only. CONCLUSIONS: In this single-school sample, the BMI-fitness association was nonlinear for speed- and coordination-related tasks; for the 50-m sprint the best predicted performance was well localised at an intermediate BMI (about 16.2 kg/m(2)), whereas for the composite index no stable single optimum could be identified. Because the data come from one school and lack body-composition and physical-activity measures, the estimated optima are sample-specific descriptive features and should not be read as intervention targets. The study illustrates how routine school fitness data and GAMs can describe BMI-fitness patterns beyond categorical comparisons, and motivates multi-school, longitudinal confirmation. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Zhu, Junhui AU - Zhu J AD - Faculty of Education, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia. FAU - Zhao, Mingling AU - Zhao M AD - School of Urban Construction, Chengdu Polytechnic, Chengdu, China. FAU - Zheng, Meiling AU - Zheng M AD - Tianfu School of Tsinghua University High School, Meishan, China. FAU - Wang, Ling AU - Wang L AD - Faculty of Education, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia. FAU - Li, Qiuyue AU - Li Q AD - School of Physical Education and Big Health, Sichuan Technology and Business University, Chengdu, China. 1039571063@qq.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260624 PL - England TA - BMC Pediatr JT - BMC pediatrics JID - 100967804 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Body Mass Index MH - *Physical Fitness/physiology MH - Male MH - Child MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - China MH - Schools MH - Nonlinear Dynamics PMC - PMC13555981 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Body mass index OT - Children OT - Cluster-robust inference OT - Generalized additive models OT - Nonlinear association OT - Physical fitness OT - School health COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study involving human participants was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Yibin University (Approval No. YBULLXS26041601). All procedures were performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and relevant guidelines and regulations. Written informed consent was obtained from the participants' legal guardians, and assent was obtained from the children where appropriate. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/24 06:37 MHDA- 2026/09/09 11:38 PMCR- 2026/06/24 CRDT- 2026/06/24 00:07 PHST- 2026/04/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/09 11:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/24 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/24 00:07 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07226-2 [pii] AID - 7226 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07226-2 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pediatr. 2026 Jun 24;26(1):843. doi: 10.1186/s12887-026-07226-2. PMID- 42337484 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260624 LR - 20260813 IS - 1472-6831 (Electronic) IS - 1472-6831 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 23 TI - Single-model deep learning approach for simultaneous cervical vertebral maturation staging and skeletal jaw relationship on lateral cephalograms using YOLOv8 and CNN. LID - 10.1186/s12903-026-08578-y [doi] LID - 1107 AB - BACKGROUND: This study aimed to develop an integrated artificial intelligence (AI) pipeline for cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) staging and skeletal jaw relationships and to validate its output against the results of human observers. METHODS: A total of 720 lateral cephalograms were collected from the archives of the orthodontic department. The participants' ages ranged from 8 to 18 years. Cephalograms were categorized into six cervical stages based on McNamara's criteria and classified into skeletal Class I, II, and III patterns based on their ANB angles. The dataset was divided into a training set (n = 540) and a test set (n = 180). The training set was used to train a convolutional neural network (CNN) and a YOLOv8 model. The test set of cephalograms was coded and randomly assigned to two orthodontists for comparison with the AI model results using weighted kappa and Cohen's kappa statistical analyses to verify accuracy. RESULTS: For human observers, the interobserver agreement ranges were as follows: (kappaw approximately 0.976-0.989) for skeletal classification and (kappaw approximately 0.956-0.999) for CVM staging, while the intra-observer reliability was also almost perfect for both methods (kappaw approximately 0.82- 0.85). Substantial agreement was found between the generated AI model and human observers for skeletal classification (kappa = 0.725) and CVM staging (kappa = 0.786). Both results were statistically significant (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Within the limitations of this study, the AI model exhibited substantial agreement with human observers for CVM staging and skeletal assessment, demonstrating its potential viability as a clinical decision-support tool. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Alotaibi, Naif Munawir AU - Alotaibi NM AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-2383-3462 AD - Orthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt. dr.naifmo@gmail.com. FAU - Kamel, Ahmed Mohamed AU - Kamel AM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1940-5270 AD - Orthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt. FAU - Khalil, Abeer Twakol AU - Khalil AT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4223-2144 AD - Department of Electronic and Communication Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt. FAU - Hammad, Shaza Mohammad AU - Hammad SM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6662-5068 AD - Orthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260623 PL - England TA - BMC Oral Health JT - BMC oral health JID - 101088684 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Cervical Vertebrae/growth & development/diagnostic imaging MH - *Cephalometry/methods MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - *Deep Learning MH - Convolutional Neural Networks MH - Female MH - *Age Determination by Skeleton/methods MH - Male PMC - PMC13289470 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Artificial intelligence OT - Cervical vertebral maturation OT - Skeletal classification. COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the dental research ethics committee of the Faculty of Dentistry at Mansoura University in Egypt (code no. A0703024OR) and conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The need for informed consent was waived by the committee due to the nature of the study and the anonymization of all data. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/24 06:38 MHDA- 2026/06/24 18:35 PMCR- 2026/06/23 CRDT- 2026/06/24 00:06 PHST- 2025/11/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/24 18:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/24 06:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/24 00:06 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12903-026-08578-y [pii] AID - 8578 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12903-026-08578-y [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Oral Health. 2026 Jun 23;26(1):1107. doi: 10.1186/s12903-026-08578-y. PMID- 42337053 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260623 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jun 24 TI - Regional differences in physical fitness profiles of preschool children in Chongqing China revealed by machine learning. LID - 10.1038/s41598-026-59211-5 [doi] AB - Urban-rural disparities in physical fitness during early childhood remain insufficiently characterized. This study aimed to identify physical fitness phenotypes among preschool children in urban and rural settings and evaluate their predictability using anthropometric and demographic features. A total of 1049 children aged 3-6 years were assessed using standardized fitness tests. K-means clustering identified latent fitness profiles separately in urban and rural groups. Logistic regression, random forest, and XGBoost models were trained to predict cluster membership using anthropometric and demographic variables. Two distinct fitness phenotypes were consistently identified, with Cluster 1 demonstrating superior strength, power, and coordination ([Formula: see text]). Supervised models achieved moderate predictive performance (accuracy approximately 0.79-0.80; AUC approximately 0.85-0.86). Model interpretation indicated that age and height were the most influential predictors, while body composition and demographic variables contributed less. Preschool children exhibit distinct, region-dependent fitness phenotypes. While these phenotypes are primarily defined by motor performance, their prediction based on anthropometric data alone is moderate, highlighting the importance of functional assessments for early fitness evaluation. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Gong, Jing AU - Gong J AD - Centre for Lipid Research & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China. 740882633@qq.com. FAU - Yu, Xianglong AU - Yu X AD - Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China. 06576360@alu.cqu.edu.cn. FAU - Wang, Duanhao AU - Wang D AD - Chongqing Institute of Sport Science, Chongqing, 400015, China. Wangduanhao2025@163.com. LA - eng GR - CSTB2024NSCQ-MSX0213/Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing/ GR - A202546/Chongqing Institute of Sport Science Research Project/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260624 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Machine learning OT - Physical fitness OT - Preschool children OT - Urban-rural differences COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Ethics statement: The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of the China Institute of Sport Science (Approval No. CISSLA-20240219). All procedures were conducted in accordance with the latest version of the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from the parents or legal guardians of all participants, and assent was obtained from the children involved. EDAT- 2026/06/24 00:47 MHDA- 2026/06/24 00:47 CRDT- 2026/06/23 23:21 PHST- 2025/07/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/24 00:47 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/24 00:47 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/23 23:21 [entrez] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-59211-5 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-59211-5 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Sci Rep. 2026 Jun 24. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-59211-5. PMID- 42337032 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260811 IS - 1530-0447 (Electronic) IS - 0031-3998 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jun 23 TI - Serum FAM132A/Adipolin correlates with endothelial dysfunction in children with obesity. LID - 10.1038/s41390-026-05240-9 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Early cardiovascular risk in children demands biomarkers linking adiposity to vascular injury. We examined whether serum FAM132A (Adipolin) associates with endothelial dysfunction markers in Chinese children with obesity. METHODS: In a STROBE-guided single-center case-control study (Sep 2023-Mar 2024), we enrolled 82 children with obesity and 50 age-matched normal-weight controls; all participants underwent clinical assessment and anthropometry, and serum FAM132A, adiponectin, leptin and endothelial markers VCAM-1, E-selectin and ESM-1 were measured by ELISA. Multiple linear regression tested independent associations with adjustment for age, sex, pubertal stage, HOMA-IR and leptin. RESULTS: Mean FAM132A was higher in the obesity group (0.97 +/- 0.13 vs 0.79 +/- 0.07 ng/ml, p < 0.001) and correlated positively with BMI, SDS-BMI, WHR, ALT and the three endothelial markers. In fully adjusted models FAM132A independently predicted VCAM-1 (beta = 1.110, p = 0.040), E-selectin (beta = 1.210, p = 0.043) and ESM-1 (beta = 1.257, p = 0.041); these associations persisted after accounting for insulin resistance and were independent of classic adipokines. CONCLUSION: Serum FAM132A is paradoxically elevated in pediatric obesity and independently associated with endothelial activation, suggesting compensatory upregulation in early metabolic stress and potential utility as an early vascular injury biomarker and merits longitudinal validation. IMPACT: Serum FAM132A elevated in obese Chinese children. FAM132A correlates with endothelial markers VCAM-1, E-selectin, and ESM-1. Associations independent of insulin resistance and classic adipokines. Suggests compensatory upregulation during early metabolic stress. IMPLICATION: FAM132A as early biomarker for pediatric vascular injury. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to the International Pediatric Research Foundation, Inc. FAU - Jin, Yan AU - Jin Y AD - Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China. AD - Department of Neonatology, Shaanxi Sen-gong Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China. FAU - Ding, Yi AU - Ding Y AD - Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China. FAU - Li, Hua AU - Li H AD - Preventive Healthcare Department, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China. FAU - Lian, Biyao AU - Lian B AD - Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China. FAU - Wu, Xiaokang AU - Wu X AD - Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi 'an, Shaanxi, China. FAU - Gao, Ning AU - Gao N AD - Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi 'an, Shaanxi, China. FAU - Zhang, Wen AU - Zhang W AD - Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi 'an, Shaanxi, China. FAU - Yin, Chunyan AU - Yin C AD - Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China. yinchunyan0624@163.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260623 PL - United States TA - Pediatr Res JT - Pediatric research JID - 0100714 SB - IM COIS- Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University (Approval No: 2023144). Written informed consent was obtained from the parents or legal guardians of all participants, and verbal assent was obtained from the children. EDAT- 2026/06/24 00:42 MHDA- 2026/06/24 00:42 CRDT- 2026/06/23 23:21 PHST- 2025/12/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/24 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/24 00:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/23 23:21 [entrez] AID - 10.1038/s41390-026-05240-9 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41390-026-05240-9 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Pediatr Res. 2026 Jun 23. doi: 10.1038/s41390-026-05240-9. PMID- 42336795 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260624 LR - 20260813 IS - 2399-9772 (Electronic) IS - 2399-9772 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 23 TI - Mealtime behaviours, diet quality and parental stress in children with autism spectrum disorder: a cross-sectional study from Turkiye. LID - 10.1136/bmjpo-2025-004226 [doi] LID - e004226 AB - BACKGROUND: Feeding difficulties in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are prevalent, adversely affecting both the child's nutritional status and the family's psychosocial well-being. This study aimed to examine the interrelationships between mealtime behaviours, diet quality and parental stress in children with ASD. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 111 parents of children diagnosed with ASD (mean age: 6.8+/-3.5 years) in Antalya, Turkiye. Data were collected via face-to-face interviews using validated tools (Brief Autism Mealtime Behaviour Inventory (BAMBI), parental mealtime strategies, parental stress scale, Quality of Life questionnaire in autism). Diet quality was evaluated using the Healthy Eating Index-2020, derived from 3-day food consumption records. Multivariate linear regression was used to identify independent predictors of diet quality. RESULTS: The prevalence of poor diet quality was alarmingly high (94.5%). Multivariate regression revealed that problematic mealtime behaviours (BAMBI) were a strong independent predictor of lower diet quality (B=-0.370, p<0.001), even after adjusting for sociodemographic factors. While overall proactive parental strategies positively predicted diet quality, specific accommodative practices like preparing special meals correlated negatively. Furthermore, caregivers of girls reported significantly higher stress (p=0.017) and perceived autism-related burden (p=0.003) compared with caregivers of boys. CONCLUSIONS: Severe mealtime behavioural dysregulation in ASD intrinsically compromises diet quality and elevates parental psychosocial burden. Clinical management requires a multidisciplinary, family-centred approach integrating behavioural feeding support with caregiver stress management. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ Group. FAU - Ozyildirim, Caner AU - Ozyildirim C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8227-9575 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey. FAU - Karacil Ermumcu, Merve Seyda AU - Karacil Ermumcu MS AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey. FAU - Mutlu, Meryem Ece AU - Mutlu ME AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey. FAU - Baran, Ilgin AU - Baran I AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey. FAU - Salim, Hediye AU - Salim H AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey. FAU - Seremet Kurklu, Nilgun AU - Seremet Kurklu N AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey nseremetkurklu@akdeniz.edu.tr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260623 PL - England TA - BMJ Paediatr Open JT - BMJ paediatrics open JID - 101715309 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Autism Spectrum Disorder/psychology MH - Child MH - *Stress, Psychological/epidemiology MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - *Parents/psychology MH - *Meals/psychology MH - Child, Preschool MH - Quality of Life MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Diet PMC - PMC13295970 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Child Health COIS- Competing interests: None declared. EDAT- 2026/06/24 00:43 MHDA- 2026/06/24 18:35 PMCR- 2026/06/23 CRDT- 2026/06/23 22:33 PHST- 2025/10/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/24 18:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/24 00:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/23 22:33 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1136/bmjpo-2025-004226 [pii] AID - bmjpo-2025-004226 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjpo-2025-004226 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Paediatr Open. 2026 Jun 23;10(1):e004226. doi: 10.1136/bmjpo-2025-004226. PMID- 42336570 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260624 LR - 20260624 IS - 1001-0742 (Print) IS - 1001-0742 (Linking) VI - 166 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Associations between prenatal exposure to indoor air pollution and ambient particulate matter with infant growth. PG - 648-657 LID - S1001-0742(26)00041-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jes.2026.01.042 [doi] AB - Despite growing concern, the developmental effects of prenatal exposure to indoor and ambient particulate pollution remain poorly characterized. This study examined their individual and joint associations with infant growth. Embedded in the PKUBC-T birth cohort (initiated in June 2018, China), this study included 1068 mother-infant pairs. The PM(1) and PM(2.5) concentrations from the last menstrual period to delivery were predicted via a validated machine learning model, whereas PM(2.5) constituents' concentrations were derived via a modified Community Multiscale Air Quality Model. Indoor air pollution was assessed via questionnaires covering four dimensions. Infant growth was evaluated using body mass index (BMI) Z-scores and weight-for-length (WFL) Z-scores at one year, with overweight/obesity (OWOB) defined by World Health Organization standards. Generalized linear regression indicated that increased exposure to indoor air pollution was associated with elevated BMI Z-scores (beta = 0.089, 95 % CI: 0.007, 0.171) and WFL Z-scores (beta = 0.094, 95 % CI: 0.013, 0.176) in offspring. PM(1) and PM(2.5) also exhibited positive associations with these growth indicators. Infants whose mothers were exposed to higher levels of organic carbon (OC), elementary carbon (EC), NH(4)(+) and SO(4)(2-) had an elevated risk of overweight/obesity (OWOB). Stratified analyses revealed that joint exposure to PM(1) above the median and indoor air pollution was related to increased infant growth, despite nonsignificant multiplicative interaction effects. Similar joint effects were observed for indoor air pollution and PM(2.5), along with its constituents. This study highlights synergistic harms of combined indoor-outdoor air pollution on infant growth, reinforcing the need for integrated policies targeting indoor combustion and ambient PM reduction to safeguard early-life development. CI - Copyright (c) 2026. Published by Elsevier B.V. FAU - Lyu, Jinlang AU - Lyu J AD - Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China; Peking University Health Science Center-Weifang Joint Research Center for Maternal and Child Health, Beijing 100191, China. FAU - Li, Tiantian AU - Li T AD - China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China. FAU - Zhou, Shuang AU - Zhou S AD - Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China. FAU - Yuan, Xin AU - Yuan X AD - Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China; Peking University Health Science Center-Weifang Joint Research Center for Maternal and Child Health, Beijing 100191, China. FAU - Bao, Zheng AU - Bao Z AD - Tongzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Beijing, Beijing 101101, China. FAU - Han, Na AU - Han N AD - Tongzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Beijing, Beijing 101101, China. FAU - Chen, Gongbo AU - Chen G AD - Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3800, Australia. FAU - Ji, Yuelong AU - Ji Y AD - Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China; Peking University Health Science Center-Weifang Joint Research Center for Maternal and Child Health, Beijing 100191, China. FAU - Li, Qin AU - Li Q AD - Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China; Peking University Health Science Center-Weifang Joint Research Center for Maternal and Child Health, Beijing 100191, China. FAU - Liu, Jue AU - Liu J AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China. FAU - Wang, Hui AU - Wang H AD - Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China; Peking University Health Science Center-Weifang Joint Research Center for Maternal and Child Health, Beijing 100191, China. FAU - Hu, Jianlin AU - Hu J AD - Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China. FAU - Liu, Ting AU - Liu T AD - Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China. FAU - Guo, Yuming AU - Guo Y AD - Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3800, Australia. FAU - Li, Yan AU - Li Y AD - Research Center for Child Health, Department of Child Health Care, Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 250014, China. FAU - Wang, Hai-Jun AU - Wang HJ AD - Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China; Peking University Health Science Center-Weifang Joint Research Center for Maternal and Child Health, Beijing 100191, China. Electronic address: whjun@pku.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260120 PL - Netherlands TA - J Environ Sci (China) JT - Journal of environmental sciences (China) JID - 100967627 RN - 0 (Particulate Matter) RN - 0 (Air Pollutants) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Particulate Matter/analysis/adverse effects MH - *Air Pollution, Indoor/statistics & numerical data/adverse effects MH - Female MH - *Maternal Exposure/statistics & numerical data MH - *Air Pollutants/analysis MH - Infant MH - China/epidemiology MH - Pregnancy MH - *Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/epidemiology MH - *Child Development/drug effects OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adiposity OT - Air pollution OT - Indoor OT - Infant OT - PM(1) OT - PM(2.5) COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/06/24 00:45 MHDA- 2026/06/25 00:33 CRDT- 2026/06/23 20:54 PHST- 2025/07/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/01/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/01/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/25 00:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/24 00:45 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/23 20:54 [entrez] AID - S1001-0742(26)00041-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jes.2026.01.042 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Environ Sci (China). 2026 Aug;166:648-657. doi: 10.1016/j.jes.2026.01.042. Epub 2026 Jan 20. PMID- 42336084 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260808 LR - 20260808 IS - 1873-6424 (Electronic) IS - 0269-7491 (Linking) VI - 406 DP - 2026 Oct 1 TI - A family-based risk assessment of PBDE exposure using a multi-pathway approach: Integrating diet, dust, air and serum measurements. PG - 128627 LID - S0269-7491(26)00997-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.envpol.2026.128627 [doi] AB - A family-based, multi-matrix exposure assessment for polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) was implemented to allow comparison of intake pathways and differentiation between shared household exposure and individual-level determinants. The study comprised 124 participants from 48 South Korean households (48 adolescents, 48 mothers and 28 fathers). PBDEs were analysed in indoor air and dust samples per household, three-day whole-meal composite dietary samples and serum per individual, with sampling conducted between August 2020 and January 2021. Dietary intake was the dominant intake pathway, contributing a median of 85.3% of total summation operatorPBDE estimated daily intake (EDI), followed by dust ingestion (11.9%), air inhalation (1.06%), and dermal absorption (0.026%). Median total EDIs were highest for adolescents (4940 pg/kg body weight/day), followed by fathers (3560 pg/kg bw/day) and mothers (2970 pg/kg bw/day), without significant differences. Exposure variability was primarily individual rather than family-based, with family membership explaining approximately 19% of variability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.19). Within families, the median ratio between the highest and lowest exposed individuals was 3.8 and exceeded 10 in the upper quartile. Total EDIs were dominated by higher-brominated congeners, particularly BDE-209, whereas serum profiles showed lower representation of BDE-209, reflecting the differences between short-term intake and longer-term accumulation. Mixture risk characterization using the European Food Safety Authority margin of exposure framework suggested limited population-level health concern. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - McGrath, Thomas J AU - McGrath TJ AD - Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea. FAU - Mok, Sori AU - Mok S AD - Department of Marine Science and Convergence Technology, Hanyang University ERICA, Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lim, Jae-Eun AU - Lim JE AD - Department of Marine Science and Convergence Technology, Hanyang University ERICA, Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea. FAU - Park, Jeongim AU - Park J AD - Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Republic of Korea. FAU - Choi, Kyungho AU - Choi K AD - Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kho, Younglim AU - Kho Y AD - Department of Health, Environment & Safety, Eulji University, Seongnam, 13135, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Sungkyoon AU - Kim S AD - Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea. FAU - Moon, Hyo-Bang AU - Moon HB AD - Department of Marine Science and Convergence Technology, Hanyang University ERICA, Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: hbmoon@hanyang.ac.kr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260623 PL - England TA - Environ Pollut JT - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) JID - 8804476 RN - 0 (Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers) RN - 0 (Dust) RN - 0 (Environmental Pollutants) RN - 0 (Air Pollutants) SB - IM MH - *Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers/analysis/blood MH - Humans MH - *Dust/analysis MH - Risk Assessment MH - Diet MH - *Environmental Exposure/statistics & numerical data/analysis MH - Republic of Korea MH - Male MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - Environmental Monitoring MH - *Environmental Pollutants/analysis MH - *Dietary Exposure MH - Air Pollutants/analysis OTO - NOTNLM OT - Human biomonitoring OT - Margin of exposure OT - Multi-pathway exposure OT - Persistent organic pollutants OT - Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/06/24 00:42 MHDA- 2026/08/08 23:08 CRDT- 2026/06/23 19:32 PHST- 2026/03/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/08 23:08 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/24 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/23 19:32 [entrez] AID - S0269-7491(26)00997-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.envpol.2026.128627 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Environ Pollut. 2026 Oct 1;406:128627. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2026.128627. Epub 2026 Jun 23. PMID- 42335498 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260822 LR - 20260919 IS - 1879-2219 (Electronic) IS - 0966-6362 (Linking) VI - 130 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Effect of the conventional gait model 2 variants on lower-limb kinematics in individuals with cerebral palsy. PG - 110265 LID - S0966-6362(26)00175-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2026.110265 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Three-dimensional gait analysis is widely used to support clinical decision-making in individuals with motor impairments. However, kinematic outputs depend strongly on the underlying biomechanical model. The open-source Conventional Gait Model II (CGM2) integrates updates to joint centre estimation (CGM2.1), inverse kinematics (CGM2.2), and cluster-based segment tracking (CGM2.3). While previous work demonstrated consistency among CGM2 variants in typically developing children, their effect in clinical populations remains unknown. This study quantified how CGM2 variants influence gait kinematics in individuals with cerebral palsy (CP). METHODS: Twenty-one individuals with CP (GMFCS I-II) underwent gait analysis using a 12-camera motion capture system and a CGM2.3 marker set. Hip, knee, and ankle kinematics from 487 gait cycles were computed using pyCGM2. Differences between CGM2.1, CGM2.2, and CGM2.3 were evaluated using Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD) and the adjusted coefficient of determination (R(2)). RESULTS: Overall, small differences were observed between model variants. MAD values were typically below 5 degrees for most joints and planes, with high correlation between curves (R(2)>0.7). Hip rotation showed the largest discrepancies, with maximum MAD up to 7.7 degrees when comparing CGM2.2 and CGM2.3. Differences between CGM2.1 and CGM2.3 were greater in the transverse and frontal planes but remained within acceptable limits (<5 degrees ), except for hip rotation. CONCLUSION: The CGM2 variant selection has limited impact on gait kinematics in individuals with CP, and most differences fall within known repeatability error. However, transverse-plane kinematics, particularly hip rotation, should be interpreted with caution when comparing data across CGM2 variants. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Dussault-Picard, C AU - Dussault-Picard C AD - Laboratory of Motion analysis, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Hospital of Nantes, France. FAU - Sangeux, M AU - Sangeux M AD - Centre for clinical motion analysis, University Children's Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland. FAU - Armand, S AU - Armand S AD - Kinesiology Laboratory, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Centre of Research on skeletal Muscle and Movement, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. FAU - Fonseca, M AU - Fonseca M AD - Centre of Research on skeletal Muscle and Movement, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. FAU - Leboeuf, F AU - Leboeuf F AD - Laboratory of Motion analysis, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Hospital of Nantes, France; Nantes Universite, CHU de Nantes, Movement - Interactions - Performance, MIP, UR 4334, Nantes 44000, France. Electronic address: fabien.leboeuf@chu-nantes.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260619 PL - England TA - Gait Posture JT - Gait & posture JID - 9416830 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Cerebral Palsy/physiopathology MH - Biomechanical Phenomena MH - Female MH - Male MH - Child MH - *Gait Analysis/methods MH - Hip Joint/physiopathology MH - Adolescent MH - *Lower Extremity/physiopathology MH - Knee Joint/physiopathology MH - Ankle Joint/physiopathology MH - Motion Capture MH - *Gait/physiology MH - *Gait Disorders, Neurologic/physiopathology/etiology MH - Adult OTO - NOTNLM OT - Conventional gait model OT - Gait analysis OT - Inverse kinematics OT - Marker set OT - Segmental pose COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest We confirm that the manuscript has been read and approved by all named authors and that there are no other persons who satisfied the criteria for authorship but are not listed. We further confirm that the order of authors listed in the manuscript has been approved by all of us. We further confirm that any aspect of the work covered in this manuscript that has involved humans has been conducted with the ethical approval of all relevant bodies and that such approvals are acknowledged within the manuscript. EDAT- 2026/06/23 18:34 MHDA- 2026/08/22 23:43 CRDT- 2026/06/23 18:01 PHST- 2026/01/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/22 23:43 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/23 18:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/23 18:01 [entrez] AID - S0966-6362(26)00175-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2026.110265 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Gait Posture. 2026 Oct;130:110265. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2026.110265. Epub 2026 Jun 19. PMID- 42335426 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260623 LR - 20260813 IS - 1473-5687 (Electronic) IS - 0954-691X (Linking) VI - 38 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug 1 TI - Association between albumin-bilirubin score, model for end-stage liver disease score, platelet-albumin-bilirubin score, and acute-on-chronic liver failure complications: a cross-sectional study in a Chinese population. PG - 959-970 LID - 10.1097/MEG.0000000000003221 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is characterized by acute decompensation and high short-term mortality. We investigated whether the albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) score, model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score, and platelet-albumin-bilirubin (PALBI) score independently predict major ACLF complications. METHODS: This retrospective cross-sectional study enrolled 2104 ACLF patients (2017-2024) fulfilling Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver 2019 criteria. ALBI, MELD, and PALBI were calculated within 48 h of admission. Multivariable logistic regression, restricted cubic spline, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses assessed associations with ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, hepatorenal syndrome (HRS), coagulopathy, splenomegaly, and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. RESULTS: All three scores increased significantly with worsening Child-Pugh class (P < 0.001). Per SD increase, ALBI predicted all six complications with adjusted odds ratios (ORs) ranging from 1.98 to 8.73. MELD showed similar predictive ability (ORs: 2.58-7.26). PALBI quartiles 2 and 3 remained significantly associated with HRS (P = 0.007 and P = 0.011, respectively). Restricted cubic spline revealed nonlinear dose-response relationships (P-nonlinearity < 0.005). ROC area under the curve values were consistently higher for MELD than ALBI and PALBI. Subgroup analyses confirmed stability across age, sex, BMI, smoking, and alcohol use. CONCLUSION: ALBI, MELD, and PALBI scores simply and reliably identify ACLF complications, helping clinicians intensify monitoring and tailor therapy for high-risk patients. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Xie, Jiejie AU - Xie J AD - Department of Gastroenterology. FAU - Pei, Xiong AU - Pei X AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan. FAU - Wang, Longyan AU - Wang L AD - Department of Gastroenterology. FAU - Ma, Xiaopu AU - Ma X AD - Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang City, Shaanxi, China. FAU - Xie, Yan AU - Xie Y AD - Department of Gastroenterology. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260625 PL - England TA - Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol JT - European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology JID - 9000874 RN - RFM9X3LJ49 (Bilirubin) RN - 0 (Serum Albumin) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - Chinese people SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Acute-On-Chronic Liver Failure/blood/complications/diagnosis MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Bilirubin/blood MH - Middle Aged MH - China/epidemiology MH - Severity of Illness Index MH - *Serum Albumin MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - ROC Curve MH - Platelet Count MH - Hepatorenal Syndrome/etiology MH - Risk Factors MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Prognosis MH - Ascites/etiology MH - East Asian People OTO - NOTNLM OT - Albumin-Bilirubin score OT - Chinese cohort OT - Platelet-Albumin-Bilirubin Index score OT - ROC analysis OT - ascites OT - hepatic encephalopathy OT - hepatorenal syndrome OT - model for end-stage liver disease score OT - restricted cubic spline OT - spontaneous bacterial peritonitis OT - threshold effect EDAT- 2026/06/23 18:33 MHDA- 2026/06/23 18:34 CRDT- 2026/06/23 16:03 PHST- 2025/11/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/23 18:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/23 18:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/23 16:03 [entrez] AID - 00042737-202608000-00009 [pii] AID - 10.1097/MEG.0000000000003221 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2026 Aug 1;38(8):959-970. doi: 10.1097/MEG.0000000000003221. Epub 2026 Jun 25. PMID- 42335179 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260623 LR - 20260813 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 6 DP - 2026 TI - Predicting elevated transcranial doppler velocity among patients with sickle cell anemia in Uganda: A cross-sectional study. PG - e0351700 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0351700 [doi] LID - e0351700 AB - BACKGROUND: Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is an autosomal recessive blood disorder resulting from a specific point mutation in the beta-globin gene. Over half a million children are born with sickle cell anemia annually. Transcranial Doppler (TCD) velocity is an accurate predictor of the risk of stroke among children with sickle cell anemia. Unfortunately, TCD screening is not routinely done in developing countries due to limited resources. There is a need to develop a model that predicts elevated TCD velocity, utilizing routinely collected data to guide management of children with sickle cell anemia. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study from 1st July 2024-30th August 2024 among children with SCA attending the Sickle Cell Clinic. We developed a risk-prediction model for elevated TCD (>/= 170 cm/s) using sociodemographic, hematological, and clinical factors. We used the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) penalized regression to select the best subset of predictors of increased TCD velocity. Model performance was assessed by determining the discrimination using the area under the curve and calibration by drawing a calibration plot. RESULTS: We enrolled 385 children; the mean age was 10.3 (SD 3.8) years. The prevalence of elevated TCD, defined as >/=170 cm/s was 8.3% (95% CI: 5.8, 11.5; n = 32/385). Using a lambda of 0.008, the final model had 12 predictors. The predictors included neuropathy, red blood cell count, heart rate, age, adherence to hydroxyurea, headache, hematocrit, serum lactate dehydrogenase, gender, malnutrition, blood transfusion, and neutrophils. The model predicted elevated TCD with an AUC of 84.7% (95%CI: 74.7, 90.8). CONCLUSION: We developed and validated a model to predict elevated TCD among children living with SCA in Uganda. Further exploration is needed to assess whether this model predicts stroke. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Nayiga et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Nayiga, Doreen AU - Nayiga D AD - Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Busitema University, Mbale, Uganda. FAU - Mukunya, David AU - Mukunya D AD - Department of Community and Public Health, Busitema University, Mbale, Uganda. FAU - Odoch, Simon AU - Odoch S AD - Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Busitema University, Mbale, Uganda. FAU - Oguttu, Faith AU - Oguttu F AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-7481-3321 AD - Department of Community and Public Health, Busitema University, Mbale, Uganda. FAU - Munabi, Ian AU - Munabi I AD - Department of Anatomy, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda. FAU - Musaba, Milton W AU - Musaba MW AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Busitema University, Mbale, Uganda. FAU - Kimbugwe, Charles AU - Kimbugwe C AD - Mbale regional referral hospital, Mbale, Uganda. FAU - Makoko, Brian Tonny AU - Makoko BT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6254-4797 AD - Department of Community and Public Health, Busitema University, Mbale, Uganda. FAU - Babuya, Jonathan AU - Babuya J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7586-3386 AD - Department of Community and Public Health, Busitema University, Mbale, Uganda. FAU - Mugabi, Joshua AU - Mugabi J AD - Department of Community and Public Health, Busitema University, Mbale, Uganda. FAU - Nyalihama, Alain AU - Nyalihama A AD - Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Busitema University, Mbale, Uganda. FAU - Chebet, Martin AU - Chebet M AD - Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Busitema University, Mbale, Uganda. FAU - Rynn, Lisa AU - Rynn L AD - Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Busitema University, Mbale, Uganda. FAU - Kizito, Samuel AU - Kizito S AD - Silver School of Social Work, New York University, New York, New York, United States of America. FAU - Ssentumbwe, Vincent AU - Ssentumbwe V AD - Division of Computational and Data Science, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America. FAU - Kiguli, Sarah AU - Kiguli S AD - Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda. FAU - Olupot, Peter Olupot AU - Olupot PO AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5757-609X AD - Department of Community and Public Health, Busitema University, Mbale, Uganda. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260623 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Anemia, Sickle Cell/diagnostic imaging/physiopathology/complications MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - *Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial/methods MH - Uganda/epidemiology MH - Male MH - Child MH - Blood Flow Velocity MH - Adolescent MH - Stroke/diagnostic imaging/etiology MH - Child, Preschool PMC - PMC13289871 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/06/23 18:34 MHDA- 2026/06/23 18:35 PMCR- 2026/06/23 CRDT- 2026/06/23 13:43 PHST- 2025/09/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/23 18:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/23 18:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/23 13:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-25-51516 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0351700 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 Jun 23;21(6):e0351700. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0351700. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42335117 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260623 LR - 20260623 IS - 1533-4287 (Electronic) IS - 1064-8011 (Linking) VI - 40 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul 1 TI - Improving Base Running Diagnostics With Foot Pod Technology: Intersession Reliability of Linear and Curvilinear Running Performance. PG - e714-e720 LID - 10.1519/JSC.0000000000005417 [doi] AB - Martinez-Rodriguez, JA, Crotin, RL, Neville, J, Barcelo, RA, and Cronin, JB. Improving base running diagnostics with foot pod technology: Intersession reliability of linear and curvilinear running performance. J Strength Cond Res 40(7): e714-e720, 2026-The purpose of this study was to determine the intersession reliability of foot pod technology for quantifying kinematic measures over the 54.7-m straight-line sprint (linear) and home-to-second base sprint (curvilinear). Twelve, trained male high school baseball position players, performed 3 identical sessions separated by at least 2 days. Eight kinematic measures (maximum speed, average speed and right and left ground contact time, stride length, push-off, and impact) were quantified over 2 linear and 2 curvilinear trials, which were divided into segments-home to first, first to second, and home to second, for a total of 60 comparisons across 3 testing occasions. There was no evidence (p > 0.05) of systematic change in any of the variables between sessions, with 91% of the mean percent changes <2%. In terms of absolute consistency, 94% of coefficients of variation (CVs) were under 10%, with 63% of the CVs under 5%. Regarding relative consistency, for the curvilinear segments 1 and 2, and total segment, 80, 56, and 80% of the between-session comparisons had intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) greater than 0.74, respectively. The nonsignificant small percentage changes in the mean, low CVs, and good to excellent reliability of the ICCs for the most part indicate that foot pod technology can be used to reliably quantify linear and curvilinear base running performance measures with confidence. Consequently, this information can be used to better quantify base running efficiency and inform exercise prescription to improve base running performance. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 National Strength and Conditioning Association. FAU - Martinez-Rodriguez, Jose Antonio AU - Martinez-Rodriguez JA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8338-2873 AD - Sport Performance Research Institute New Zealand, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand. FAU - Crotin, Ryan L AU - Crotin RL AD - Sport Performance Research Institute New Zealand, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand. AD - Department of Kinesiology, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, Louisiana. AD - ArmCare.com, Indialantic, Florida; and. FAU - Neville, Jonathon AU - Neville J AD - Sport Performance Research Institute New Zealand, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand. FAU - Barcelo, Roderick A AU - Barcelo RA AD - Athletic Department, Carlos Beltran Baseball Academy, Florida, Puerto Rico. FAU - Cronin, John B AU - Cronin JB AD - Sport Performance Research Institute New Zealand, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand. AD - Athlete Training and Health, Houston, Texas. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260304 PL - United States TA - J Strength Cond Res JT - Journal of strength and conditioning research JID - 9415084 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Running/physiology MH - Male MH - Biomechanical Phenomena MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - *Athletic Performance/physiology MH - Adolescent MH - *Baseball/physiology MH - Foot/physiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - high-frequency technology OT - kinematic measures EDAT- 2026/06/23 18:34 MHDA- 2026/06/23 18:35 CRDT- 2026/06/23 13:35 PHST- 2026/06/23 18:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/23 18:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/23 13:35 [entrez] AID - 00124278-202607000-00018 [pii] AID - 10.1519/JSC.0000000000005417 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Strength Cond Res. 2026 Jul 1;40(7):e714-e720. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000005417. Epub 2026 Mar 4. PMID- 42334852 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260623 LR - 20260826 IS - 2574-3805 (Electronic) IS - 2574-3805 (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun 1 TI - Maternal Cardiovascular Health During Pregnancy and Offspring Developmental Delay. PG - e2618804 LID - 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.18804 [doi] LID - e2618804 AB - IMPORTANCE: Developmental delay affects daily living, social functioning, and mental health. Maternal cardiovascular health (CVH) during pregnancy may indicate an adverse intrauterine environment, but its association with developmental delay is unclear. OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between maternal CVH during pregnancy and developmental delay in offspring at 4 years of age. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cohort study enrolled patients between July 19, 2013, and March 31, 2017, with 5 years of follow-up, at obstetric hospitals and clinics in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. Participants included eligible mother and offspring pairs enrolled in the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study. Offspring were followed up until age 4 years. Data analyses were conducted from November 12, 2024, to March 24, 2026. EXPOSURE: Maternal CVH during pregnancy, which was assessed using Life's Essential 8 metrics (diet, physical activity, nicotine exposure, sleep health, body mass index, blood lipids, blood glucose, and blood pressure). Each metric was scored on a scale of 0 (least favorable) to 100 (most favorable), and these scores were used to categorize mothers as having high (80-100), moderate (50-79), or low (0-49) CVH. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Developmental delay at age 4 years, which was evaluated by the mother using the validated Japanese version of Ages and Stages Questionnaire, Third Edition. This instrument has 5 domains: communication, gross motor, fine motor, problem solving, and personal-social skills. Domain-specific delay was defined as 2 or more SDs below the mean score, and developmental delay in total was defined as delay in 1 or more of the 5 domains. RESULTS: Among 19 160 eligible mother and offspring pairs, 8238 (43.0%) were analyzed. Offspring were assessed at a mean (SD) age of 4.1 (0.2) years and included 4299 males (52.2%). Among mothers with high, moderate, and low CVH, 154 (8.8%), 763 (12.1%), and 33 (16.8%), respectively, had offspring with developmental delay in total. Compared with high CVH, moderate (risk ratio [RR], 1.30; 95% CI, 1.09-1.54) and low (RR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.11-2.36) CVH during pregnancy were associated with developmental delay in total. Low CVH was associated with higher prevalence of developmental delay across all 5 domains, with personal-social domain having the largest effect size (RR, 2.23; 95% CI, 1.23-4.07; P for trend = .002) and communication domain having the smallest effect size (RR, 1.40; 95% CI, 0.69-2.85; P for trend = .03). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this cohort study of mother and offspring pairs in Japan, better maternal CVH during pregnancy was associated with a lower risk of offspring developmental delay at age 4 years. FAU - Ohseto, Hisashi AU - Ohseto H AD - Division of Disaster Public Health, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. FAU - Ishikuro, Mami AU - Ishikuro M AD - Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Environment and Genome Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. FAU - Chen, Geng AU - Chen G AD - Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Environment and Genome Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. FAU - Takahashi, Ippei AU - Takahashi I AD - Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Environment and Genome Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. FAU - Shinoda, Genki AU - Shinoda G AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. FAU - Noda, Aoi AU - Noda A AD - Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Environment and Genome Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. AD - Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. FAU - Murakami, Keiko AU - Murakami K AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. AD - Department of Health and Social Behavior, School of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Orui, Masatsugu AU - Orui M AD - Division of Disaster Public Health, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. AD - Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Environment and Genome Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. FAU - Takase, Masato AU - Takase M AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. FAU - Iwama, Noriyuki AU - Iwama N AD - Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Environment and Genome Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. AD - Center for Maternal and Perinatal Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. FAU - Kikuya, Masahiro AU - Kikuya M AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. AD - Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Metoki, Hirohito AU - Metoki H AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. AD - Division of Public Health, Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. FAU - Hozawa, Atsushi AU - Hozawa A AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. AD - Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. FAU - Obara, Taku AU - Obara T AD - Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Environment and Genome Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. AD - Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. FAU - Kuriyama, Shinichi AU - Kuriyama S AD - Division of Disaster Public Health, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. AD - Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Environment and Genome Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20260601 PL - United States TA - JAMA Netw Open JT - JAMA network open JID - 101729235 SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Child, Preschool MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - Male MH - Pregnancy MH - Cohort Studies MH - *Developmental Disabilities/epidemiology/etiology MH - *Developmental Origins of Health and Disease/epidemiology MH - Japan/epidemiology MH - *Maternal Health/statistics & numerical data PMC - PMC13291893 COIS- Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Dr Ishikuro reported receiving grants from Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development and the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology during the conduct of the study. No other disclosures were reported. EDAT- 2026/06/23 12:35 MHDA- 2026/06/23 18:34 PMCR- 2026/06/23 CRDT- 2026/06/23 11:33 PHST- 2026/06/23 18:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/23 12:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/23 11:33 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2850602 [pii] AID - zoi260523 [pii] AID - 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.18804 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JAMA Netw Open. 2026 Jun 1;9(6):e2618804. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.18804. PMID- 42334526 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260915 LR - 20260922 IS - 2210-6014 (Electronic) IS - 2210-6006 (Print) IS - 2210-6006 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 23 TI - Anemia and Cardiometabolic Risk in Indian University Students: Findings from a Health Screening Program. LID - 10.1007/s44197-026-00597-w [doi] LID - 111 AB - BACKGROUND: College students represent a population that is considered clinically at low risk; yet, early adulthood constitutes a crucial time point when nutritional and metabolic risks manifest themselves. This retrospective observational study evaluated anemia, blood pressure, and body mass index (BMI) characteristics of college students undergoing a health screening examination organized by their university in India. METHODS: Anonymized electronic health records were analyzed for 13,628 college students between the ages of 18 and 30 years old attending annual health screening from 1 June 2023 to 31 May 2024. The sample consisted of 77.2% of the eligible students. BMI, blood pressure, and hemoglobin levels were classified according to international standards. Gender-based differences were explored through chi-square tests and Cramer's V measures. Association between anemia and screening-confirmed hypertension was assessed using Pearson correlations and multiple logistic regression. In addition, model discrimination, calibration, classification parameters, and internal validation were evaluated. RESULTS: There were 7,012 (51.5%) female students and 6,616 (48.5%) male students in the sample population. In total, 47.3% of the students were either overweight or obese, 8,081 (59.3%) fulfilled the criteria for high blood pressure according to the ACC/AHA guidelines, while 7,227 (53.0%) fulfilled WHO guidelines for anemia based on gender. Hypertension screening was also more common among men (66.6%) compared to women (52.4%; p < 0.001). In the adjusted models, being male was significantly linked with anemia and hypertension screening, while being overweight was significantly linked with hypertension screening. CONCLUSION: This study showed the high prevalence of undiagnosed anemia and cardiometabolic risks among university students, suggesting the importance of health promoting universities in systematic screening programs and follow-ups. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Yeravdekar, Rajiv AU - Yeravdekar R AD - Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Gram Lavale, Pune, Maharashtra, India. FAU - Chandak, Alaka AU - Chandak A AD - Symbiosis Institute of Health Sciences (SIHS), Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, Maharashtra, India. dralaka@sihs.edu.in. AD - , Pune, India. dralaka@sihs.edu.in. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260623 PL - Switzerland TA - J Epidemiol Glob Health JT - Journal of epidemiology and global health JID - 101592084 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Students/statistics & numerical data MH - Universities MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Adult MH - Young Adult MH - India/epidemiology MH - *Anemia/epidemiology MH - Mass Screening MH - Adolescent MH - Body Mass Index MH - *Hypertension/epidemiology MH - *Cardiometabolic Risk Factors MH - Blood Pressure PMC - PMC13575005 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Anemia OT - Cardiometabolic risks OT - Electronic medical records OT - Health promoting universities OT - High blood pressure OT - Student health OT - Universities COIS- Declarations. Ethical approval: Ethics approval was obtained from the Institutional Ethics Committee of Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Approval No. SIU/IEC/1137. Consent to participate: The requirement for individual informed consent was waived by the Institutional Ethics Committee because the study used anonymized retrospective EHR data. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/23 12:36 MHDA- 2026/09/15 05:36 PMCR- 2026/06/23 CRDT- 2026/06/23 11:05 PHST- 2026/03/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/15 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/23 12:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/23 11:05 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s44197-026-00597-w [pii] AID - 597 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s44197-026-00597-w [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Epidemiol Glob Health. 2026 Jun 23;16(1):111. doi: 10.1007/s44197-026-00597-w. PMID- 42334123 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260903 LR - 20260905 IS - 1098-240X (Electronic) IS - 0160-6891 (Print) IS - 0160-6891 (Linking) VI - 49 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Oct TI - The Psychometric Properties of the Caregiver Feeding Style Questionnaire: A Cross-Cultural Validation in Spanish Parents. PG - 657-667 LID - 10.1002/nur.70093 [doi] AB - Parental feeding styles are a key dimension of parent-child interactions during mealtimes and have a significant influence on children's development. Through their impact on children's eating behaviours, these styles are a key focus for enhancing the well-being of both the child and the family as a whole. This study aimed to cross-culturally adapt, translate, and validate the Caregiver Feeding Style Questionnaire (CFSQ) in a Spanish sample. This is a cross-sectional study that conducted in a Spanish cohort. Data were collected at four time points, from hospital discharge until the children were aged 7-10 years old. As part of the CFSQ validation study, the original English version underwent linguistic validation, which included 20 cognitive interviews with parents. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) of the CFSQ was then conducted using the cohort sample. A total of 194 Spanish parents of children aged 7-10 years old completed the CFSQ. Some items were slightly modified to improve cultural adaptation. Two CFA models were tested: a bidimensional and a unidimensional model. Both showed acceptable fit indices: bidimensional model -X(2) = 3,385.28 (df = 171; p < 0.001), CFI = 0.902, TLI = 0.889, RMSEA = 0.104 (90%CI 0.094-0.115), and SRMR = 0.09; unidimensional model- X(2) = 2,714.22 (df = 78; p < 0.001), CFI = 0.880, TLI = 0.900, RMSEA = 0.145 (90%CI 0.130-0.161), and SRMR = 0.094-. Both models demonstrated adequate internal consistency. In conclusion, the Spanish version of the CFSQ showed adequate structural validity and psychometric properties. While both models were acceptable, the shorter unidimensional version is preferable due to its parsimony and performance. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Research in Nursing & Health published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Lozano-Casanova, Mar AU - Lozano-Casanova M AD - Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain. FAU - Escribano, Silvia AU - Escribano S AD - Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain. FAU - Oliver-Roig, Antonio AU - Oliver-Roig A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9171-820X AD - Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain. FAU - Gutierrez-Hervas, Ana AU - Gutierrez-Hervas A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3210-7200 AD - Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain. FAU - Richart-Martinez, Miguel AU - Richart-Martinez M AD - Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain. FAU - Sospedra, Isabel AU - Sospedra I AD - Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain. LA - eng GR - PI14/01549/Instituto de Salud Carlos III/ GR - GRE21-08B/Universidad de Alicante/ PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260623 PL - United States TA - Res Nurs Health JT - Research in nursing & health JID - 7806136 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Psychometrics MH - Spain MH - Surveys and Questionnaires/standards MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - Cross-Cultural Comparison MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - *Parents/psychology MH - *Parent-Child Relations MH - Adult MH - *Caregivers/psychology PMC - PMC13539630 COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/23 12:34 MHDA- 2026/09/03 17:36 PMCR- 2026/09/03 CRDT- 2026/06/23 08:32 PHST- 2026/05/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/11/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/03 17:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/23 12:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/23 08:32 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - NUR70093 [pii] AID - 10.1002/nur.70093 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Res Nurs Health. 2026 Oct;49(5):657-667. doi: 10.1002/nur.70093. Epub 2026 Jun 23. PMID- 42334025 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260623 IS - 1600-0528 (Electronic) IS - 0301-5661 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jun 23 TI - Implementation of Child Healthy Weight Guidelines in the Dental Setting: A Pilot Study. LID - 10.1111/cdoe.70088 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: There has been an increasing prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity worldwide and locally, with a quarter of Australian children now considered overweight. To address this, the New South Wales government in Australia released guidelines calling for all public dental services to identify children above a healthy weight and refer them to appropriate services. This study was part of a larger study that aimed to codesign and pilot implementation strategies to facilitate the translation of these guidelines into dental staff's practice. METHODS: A pre-post-test design was used to evaluate the strategies across two health districts in NSW. Strategies were codesigned by dental staff and parents of patients and included linguistically appropriate resources; discharge summaries from referral pathways; refresher training; involvement of dental assistants; templates for longitudinal BMI measures and growth assessment flyers for patients. A validated questionnaire measuring intention to engage in the guidelines and self-reported practice was distributed to interested staff before and after the delivery of strategies (2019-2022). Data describing dental staff's' actual practices over this time were also retrieved from patient information management systems. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to assess the study outcomes and any differences across districts (n = 16). RESULTS: There was no improvement in behavioural determinants of providing a growth assessment as indicated by the overall intention to engage in Children's Healthy Weight guideline (iCHEW) scale scores, however attitude scores had the largest observed improvement (from 30.1 to 35.2) and this was most pronounced in District 2 (27.2-34.3). A significant improvement in adherence to children's healthy weight guidelines was also seen in District 2 (increase of 20.54%, 95% CI 14.09-27.44). In District 1, children had 1.5 times the odds of receiving a growth assessment if they were treated by a dental officer (OR = 1.54; 95% CI 1.00-1.72). Conversely, children in District 2 had significantly lower odds of receiving a growth assessment if they were treated by a dental officer (OR = 0.203; 95% CI 0.12-0.35) or if they were treated at a satellite clinic (OR = 0.572; 95% CI 0.45-0.73). CONCLUSION: Dental staff can play a key role in addressing childhood overweight and obesity, although this can be challenging. The findings suggested some improvements in behavioural determinants and self-reported behaviours following supportive strategies. Further research to confirm these findings using larger sample sizes is recommended. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Villarosa, Amy R AU - Villarosa AR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3198-472X AD - Australian Centre for Integration of Oral Health (ACIOH), School of Nursing & Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. AD - National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia. AD - Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. FAU - Maneze, Della AU - Maneze D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6475-8804 AD - Australian Centre for Integration of Oral Health (ACIOH), School of Nursing & Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. AD - School of Nursing, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia. FAU - Ramjan, Lucie AU - Ramjan L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7815-3005 AD - Australian Centre for Integration of Oral Health (ACIOH), School of Nursing & Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. AD - Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. AD - School of Nursing, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia. FAU - Patterson-Norrie, Tiffany AU - Patterson-Norrie T AD - Australian Centre for Integration of Oral Health (ACIOH), School of Nursing & Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. AD - Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. AD - School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. FAU - Srinivas, Ravi AU - Srinivas R AD - Australian Centre for Integration of Oral Health (ACIOH), School of Nursing & Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. AD - Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. AD - Oral Health Services, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. AD - School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. FAU - Yaacoub, Albert AU - Yaacoub A AD - Australian Centre for Integration of Oral Health (ACIOH), School of Nursing & Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. AD - School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. AD - Oral Health Services, Nepean Blue Mountains Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. FAU - Kumar, Tanya AU - Kumar T AD - School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. AD - Oral Health Services, Nepean Blue Mountains Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. FAU - George, Ajesh AU - George A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6795-2546 AD - Australian Centre for Integration of Oral Health (ACIOH), School of Nursing & Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. AD - Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. AD - School of Nursing, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia. AD - School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. LA - eng GR - GNT1168119/National Health and Medical Research Council/ GR - GNT1168119/Western Sydney University/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260623 PL - Denmark TA - Community Dent Oral Epidemiol JT - Community dentistry and oral epidemiology JID - 0410263 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - dental staff OT - dentist OT - guidelines OT - implementation OT - oral health EDAT- 2026/06/23 12:35 MHDA- 2026/06/23 12:35 CRDT- 2026/06/23 08:13 PHST- 2026/04/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/11/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/23 12:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/23 12:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/23 08:13 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/cdoe.70088 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2026 Jun 23. doi: 10.1111/cdoe.70088. PMID- 42333937 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260623 LR - 20260803 IS - 1758-0854 (Electronic) IS - 1758-0854 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Developing a mix-method protocol to assess green space quality for multiage health-related activities. PG - e70176 LID - 10.1111/aphw.70176 [doi] AB - The development of an urban green space (UGS) quality assessment protocol addressing the health-related activities of older adults and children represents a sustainable approach to promoting health and well-being. Although most protocols have been developed for physical activity, few have considered other categories of health-related activities that encompass multiple age groups. This study develops a mixed-method green space for multiage health-related activities (GMHA) protocol to assess UGS quality for older adults, children, and the general population across different health-related activities, including physical activity and social interaction. Five conventional domains of facility, amenity, aesthetics, maintenance, safety, and incivilities audited by systematic observation are integrated with the geospatial domains of natural environments and spatial configuration, supported by unmanned aerial vehicle and space syntax techniques. Seventy UGS samples were tested for interrater reliability via intraclass correlation coefficients. The relative importance of each UGS domain in the protocol was further examined using a spatial autoregressive (SAR) model. Content validity is substantiated by scholarship. Preliminary tests verified quantitative reliability and concurrent validity. SAR results revealed varying associations between UGS domains and multiage health-related activities, highlighting the significance of the environment-individual-activity interaction. GMHA can facilitate targeting UGS quality enhancement across broader contexts and populations to benefit health and well-being. CI - (c) 2026 International Association of Applied Psychology. FAU - Chen, Shuolei AU - Chen S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4891-4077 AD - College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Wang, Chongxiao AU - Wang C AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-8361-8969 AD - College of Environment + Design, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA. FAU - Cheng, Shi AU - Cheng S AD - College of Architecture, Southeast University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Yang, Zhuoheng AU - Yang Z AD - College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Wang, Yan AU - Wang Y AD - College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China. LA - eng GR - 52308066/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - BK20230401/Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province/ GR - 2023M741720/China Postdoctoral Science Foundation/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - England TA - Appl Psychol Health Well Being JT - Applied psychology. Health and well-being JID - 101502957 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Aged MH - *Environment Design/standards MH - *Exercise MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Social Interaction OTO - NOTNLM OT - children OT - elder OT - geospatial OT - health and well-beings OT - physical activity OT - social interaction OT - urban green space EDAT- 2026/06/23 12:34 MHDA- 2026/06/23 12:35 CRDT- 2026/06/23 07:54 PHST- 2025/07/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/23 12:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/23 12:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/23 07:54 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/aphw.70176 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Appl Psychol Health Well Being. 2026 Jun;18(3):e70176. doi: 10.1111/aphw.70176. PMID- 42332646 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260924 LR - 20260926 IS - 1471-2393 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2393 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 23 TI - Psychometric properties of the weight self-stigma questionnaire and weight bias internalization scale in postpartum women. LID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09528-w [doi] LID - 1050 AB - BACKGROUND: Weight stigma internalization among postpartum women may differ from other populations owing to childbirth, breastfeeding, and postnatal physical recovery. Two instruments to assess the concept of weight stigma internalization-the Weight Self-Stigma Questionnaire (WSSQ) and the Weight Bias Internalization Scale (WBIS)-have not been validated in postpartum women. This study aims to evaluate and compare the reliability, factor structure, and concurrent validity between the WBIS and WSSQ in Chinese postpartum women. METHODS: A total of 476 postpartum women (mean age 30.96 +/- 4.67 years) completed the WSSQ and WBIS, as well as other relevant measures regarding perceived weight stigma, psychological outcomes, and eating behaviors. Height and weight were used to calculate the body mass index (BMI). Statistical analyses were performed using internal consistency analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and correlation analysis. RESULTS: Both the WSSQ and the WBIS were found to have excellent internal consistency. In addition, both were associated with postpartum BMI, perceived weight stigma, adverse psychological outcomes, and restrained and emotional eating behaviors. Differently, the two-factor structure of the WSSQ was supported among postpartum women, but the one-factor WBIS was not. CONCLUSION: The WSSQ is a reliable and valid measurement tool for assessing weight stigma internalization in postpartum women. The structure of WBIS requires further validation and modification in future research. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Pan, Ting AU - Pan T AD - School of Nursing, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan, China. AD - Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. FAU - Peng, Jiayuan AU - Peng J AD - Xiangyin Campus of Xiangxing College, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Yueyang, Hunan, China. AD - Hunan Institute of Traffic Engineering, Hengyang, Hunan, China. FAU - Tan, Xiangmin AU - Tan X AD - School of rural health, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - Sun, Mei AU - Sun M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5341-0845 AD - School of Nursing, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan, China. smnjw2008@126.com. AD - Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. smnjw2008@126.com. LA - eng GR - 22-464/China Medical Board Open Competition Program/ GR - 2026RC9046/Hunan Province Science and Technology Innovation Project/ PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260623 PL - England TA - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth JT - BMC pregnancy and childbirth JID - 100967799 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Postpartum Period/psychology MH - Psychometrics MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Social Stigma MH - Adult MH - Body Mass Index MH - *Self Concept MH - Factor Analysis, Statistical MH - *Body Weight MH - *Body Image/psychology MH - Emotional Eating MH - China PMC - PMC13602467 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Assessment OT - Postpartum women OT - Psychometric properties OT - Self-stigma OT - Weight bias OT - Weight stigma COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the School of Nursing, Central South University (Approval No. E2021108). All participants provided verbal and written informed consent before study participation. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/23 11:35 MHDA- 2026/09/24 05:36 PMCR- 2026/06/23 CRDT- 2026/06/23 01:07 PHST- 2024/08/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/24 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/23 11:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/23 01:07 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09528-w [pii] AID - 9528 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09528-w [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2026 Jun 23;26(1):1050. doi: 10.1186/s12884-026-09528-w. PMID- 42332642 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260902 LR - 20260909 IS - 1472-6831 (Electronic) IS - 1472-6831 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 22 TI - Forensic dental age estimation in a Pakistani population: validation of Atlas methods and development of a population-specific reference model. LID - 10.1186/s12903-026-08994-0 [doi] LID - 1652 AB - BACKGROUND: Accurate age estimation is essential in forensic and clinical contexts, particularly where birth records are unavailable. Dental development assessed through radiographic calcification is considered a reliable indicator. However, atlas-based methods have demonstrated variable accuracy across populations. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy and agreement of the Schour and Massler chart and the London Atlas, and to develop a population-specific dental development scheme for a Pakistani cohort. METHODS: A cross-sectional forensic validation study was conducted using 700 digital panoramic radiographs of individuals aged 4.0-17.9 years, stratified by age and sex. Dental age was estimated using both methods and compared with the chronological age. The analyses included paired t-tests, correlation, intraclass correlation coefficient, Bland-Altman analysis, and linear regression. The predictive performance was assessed using the mean absolute error and proportions within +/- 1 and +/- 2 years. RESULTS: Both methods demonstrated strong correlations (r > 0.90) and high ICCs (> 0.85). The London Atlas showed lower mean bias (~ 0.2-0.4 years), narrower limits of agreement (+/- 1.5-2.0 years), and higher predictive accuracy (overall R(2) = 0.997; sex-stratified subgroup range: R(2) = 0.92-0.95) than the Schour and Massler method (overall R(2) = 0.982; sex-stratified subgroup range: R(2) = 0.85-0.90). Accuracy within +/- 1 year was higher for the London Atlas (> 75%) compared with Schour and Massler (< 65%), while both exceeded 90% within +/- 2 years. Population-specific analyses revealed a delay in early dental development. CONCLUSIONS: The London Atlas demonstrated superior agreement and predictive performance; however, population-specific variations limit its universal applicability. The newly developed Pak Atlas provides a more accurate reference for forensic age estimation in the Pakistani population, with direct relevance to medico-legal age assessment. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Faraz, Syed Abul AU - Faraz SA AD - Department of Oral Biology, Liaquat College of Medicine & Dentistry, Karachi, Pakistan. FAU - Ahmed, Imtiaz AU - Ahmed I AD - Department of Orthodontics, Dow Dental College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan. FAU - Zaidi, Syed Jaffar Abbas AU - Zaidi SJA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2564-7818 AD - Department of Oral Biology & Digital Learning Centre, Dow Dental College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Sindh, 74200, Pakistan. jaffar.zaidi@duhs.edu.pk. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260622 PL - England TA - BMC Oral Health JT - BMC oral health JID - 101088684 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Age Determination by Teeth/methods MH - Radiography, Panoramic MH - Child, Preschool MH - Pakistan MH - Child MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - Reference Values MH - *Forensic Dentistry/methods MH - Tooth Calcification PMC - PMC13536816 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent OT - Age determination by teeth OT - Forensic dentistry OT - Panoramic OT - Radiography OT - Tooth development COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Dow University of Health Sciences (IRB-843/DUHS/Approval/2017/36). Informed consent was obtained from all participants and/or their legal guardians (s). All experiments were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations (such as the Declaration of Helsinki). Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/23 11:37 MHDA- 2026/09/02 05:36 PMCR- 2026/06/22 CRDT- 2026/06/23 01:07 PHST- 2026/04/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/02 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/23 11:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/23 01:07 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12903-026-08994-0 [pii] AID - 8994 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12903-026-08994-0 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Oral Health. 2026 Jun 22;26(1):1652. doi: 10.1186/s12903-026-08994-0. PMID- 42332636 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260903 LR - 20260908 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 23 TI - Bridging Respiratory Exposures, Asthma, and Environmental Health in Corpus Christi (BREATHE-CC): a prospective cohort study protocol. LID - 10.1186/s12889-026-28265-5 [doi] LID - 2521 AB - BACKGROUND: Childhood asthma disproportionately affects Hispanic children in the United States. Nevertheless, few longitudinal cohorts exist in Gulf Coast communities where environmental exposures may compound sociodemographic vulnerabilities. Corpus Christi, a majority-Hispanic city with high levels of petrochemical industrial operations, reports higher asthma prevalence than state and national averages. BREATHE-CC (Bridging Respiratory Exposures, Asthma, and Environmental Health in Corpus Christi) is a prospective cohort designed to investigate the role of air pollutants, household conditions, and social determinants of health in asthma exacerbations and wheezing phenotypes. METHODS: Approximately 200 children less than 10 years of age with asthma will be enrolled from Driscoll Children's Hospital. Enrolled participants complete baseline assessments and are followed monthly for up to 18 months using a parent-reported modified ISAAC (International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood) questionnaire that captures household exposures, asthma exacerbations, and wheezing episodes. Questionnaire responses will be validated and supplemented with electronic health record (EHR) reviews. Daily air pollutant concentrations (PM(2.5), PM(10), O(3), SO(2)) from the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) monitoring stations will be linked to participants' addresses. Generalized Additive Models (GAMs) and Poisson regressions will assess the associations between air pollutant exposures, household risk factors, asthma exacerbations, and wheezing phenotypes, adjusting for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and other sociodemographic indicators. Group-Based Trajectory Modeling (GBTM) will identify latent phenotypes of wheezing. DISCUSSION: This is a longitudinal cohort examining Hispanic children residing in the Gulf Coast petrochemical corridor. In particular, the study integrates granular geospatial environmental monitoring to link daily air pollutant exposure levels with asthma exacerbation risk. GBTM will also be used to identify latent wheezing phenotypes, especially focusing on differences between infectious and non-infectious wheezing. Recruitment will occur at a single hospital in the Coastal Bend region with a modest sample size, which may limit generalizability. REGISTRATION: Clinical trial number: not applicable. Open Science Framework [ https://osf.io/tbg6y/overview?view_only=87309518c35b4d78a7bbe79d5fa70ceb ]. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Warden, Donald E AU - Warden DE AD - College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Texas A&M University - Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, USA. FAU - Meyers, Aidan AU - Meyers A AD - College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Texas A&M University - Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, USA. FAU - Almekhlabi, Hiea AU - Almekhlabi H AD - College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Texas A&M University - Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, USA. FAU - Kuchavaram, Manasa AU - Kuchavaram M AD - College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Texas A&M University - Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, USA. FAU - Richmond, Erin AU - Richmond E AD - Global Institute for Hispanic Health, Corpus Christi, USA. FAU - Allison-Hoien, Mari AU - Allison-Hoien M AD - Global Institute for Hispanic Health, Corpus Christi, USA. FAU - Jin, Lei AU - Jin L AD - College of Science, Texas A&M University - Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, USA. FAU - Johnson, Natalie AU - Johnson N AD - School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA. FAU - Roberts, Jon AU - Roberts J AD - Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Driscoll Children's Hospital, Corpus Christi, USA. FAU - Melaram, Rajesh AU - Melaram R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5223-5993 AD - College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Texas A&M University - Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, USA. rajesh.melaram@tamucc.edu. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260623 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 RN - 0 (Air Pollutants) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Asthma/epidemiology MH - Prospective Studies MH - *Environmental Exposure/adverse effects/analysis MH - Child MH - Male MH - Child, Preschool MH - Female MH - Air Pollutants/analysis/adverse effects MH - Texas/epidemiology MH - *Environmental Health MH - Respiratory Sounds MH - Infant MH - *Hispanic or Latino/statistics & numerical data MH - Research Design MH - Air Pollution/adverse effects PMC - PMC13540882 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Air pollutants OT - Asthma exacerbation OT - Children OT - Household OT - Wheezing COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study adheres to the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was granted by the DCHIRB (FY2025-85). Written informed consent is obtained from parents/guardians. Study data are collected and managed using REDCap hosted at Texas A&M University - Corpus Christi. REDCap provides audit trails for tracking data changes and user activity. Furthermore, a data use and management protocol has been developed to secure data access and protect personal identifying information. REDCap study IDs are unique to patients, and the linkage between BREATHE-CC ID and DCH ID will be stored on a separate server accessible only to key study personnel. Patient addresses and date of birth will be anonymized by authorized personnel and transformed into calculated variables (age and geocoded address with a jitter). Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/23 11:37 MHDA- 2026/09/03 05:37 PMCR- 2026/06/23 CRDT- 2026/06/23 01:07 PHST- 2026/04/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/03 05:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/23 11:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/23 01:07 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-28265-5 [pii] AID - 28265 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-28265-5 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2026 Jun 23;26(1):2521. doi: 10.1186/s12889-026-28265-5. PMID- 42332628 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260623 IS - 1471-2431 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2431 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jun 23 TI - Urinary proteomic profiling identifies candidate biomarkers for pediatric MAFLD in comparison with obesity and healthy controls. LID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07070-4 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: This exploratory pilot study, employing a single-center and cross-sectional design, aimed to characterize urinary protein alterations associated with pediatric metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and to identify preliminary candidate proteins associated with MAFLD status within a cohort of children with obesity. METHODS: In this single-center, cross-sectional observational study, urine samples were collected from 39 children and assigned to three groups: healthy controls (n = 10), simple obesity (n = 14), and obesity with MAFLD (diagnosed by ultrasonography, n = 15). Data-independent acquisition (DIA)-based quantitative proteomics was performed. After quality control, shared proteins across groups were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and trend clustering. Functional enrichment was conducted using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses. Pearson correlation was used to examine associations between key proteins and clinical metabolic indicators. Exploratory discriminatory potential within this cohort was assessed using Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. RESULTS: A total of 2,824 intersecting proteins were identified, and 49 showed significant differences among the three groups. Trend analysis and fold-change filtering (|log(2)FC| > 0.585) identified 19 core proteins with consistent expression gradients across the healthy, obese, and MAFLD groups. Among these, 6-phosphogluconolactonase (PGLS), dipeptidyl peptidase 7 (DPP7), and complement factor I (CFI) demonstrated notable correlations with liver function markers and glucose-lipid metabolic indices. ROC analysis indicated that PGLS provided the strongest discrimination. CONCLUSION: We performed urinary proteomic profiling to characterize metabolic alterations in pediatric MAFLD. Our analysis identified distinct protein signatures across the HC-OB-MAFLD spectrum, highlighting metabolic dysregulation, oxidative stress, and complement activation as primary features of disease progression. While PGLS, DPP7, and CFI emerged as potential biomarkers, PGLS demonstrated the greatest potential for distinguishing MAFLD from simple obesity in this specific cohort. Due to the small sample size (n = 39) and cross-sectional design, these results provide preliminary molecular insights that require large-scale, longitudinal validation to confirm their clinical utility. TRIAL REGISTRATION: International Traditional Medicine Clinical Trial Registry ITMCTR2025001222, December 31, 2024. Retrospectively registered. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Zhang, Xiaohui AU - Zhang X AD - Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China. FAU - Zhu, Zhongyi AU - Zhu Z AD - Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China. FAU - Zhou, Zhaoxin AU - Zhou Z AD - Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China. FAU - Liu, Chang AU - Liu C AD - Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China. FAU - Du, Lina AU - Du L AD - Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China. FAU - Guo, Ziyun AU - Guo Z AD - Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China. FAU - Pu, Guowei AU - Pu G AD - Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China. FAU - He, Qiang AU - He Q AD - Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China. bch_hq@126.com. FAU - Yang, Yan AU - Yang Y AD - Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China. yy2303@sina.com. LA - eng GR - No. 2024-2-2095/Capital's Funds for Health Improvement and Research/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260623 PL - England TA - BMC Pediatr JT - BMC pediatrics JID - 100967804 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Childhood obesity OT - Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) OT - Noninvasive biomarkers OT - Pediatrics OT - Urinary proteomics COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University (approval No. [2024]-Y-095-D). The study was registered at the International Traditional Medicine Clinical Trial Registry (ITMCTR2025001222) on December 31, 2024 (Retrospectively registered). Written informed consent was obtained from all participating children and their legal guardians prior to enrollment, in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/23 11:34 MHDA- 2026/06/23 11:34 CRDT- 2026/06/23 01:07 PHST- 2026/01/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/23 11:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/23 11:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/23 01:07 [entrez] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07070-4 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07070-4 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - BMC Pediatr. 2026 Jun 23. doi: 10.1186/s12887-026-07070-4. PMID- 42332536 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260623 LR - 20260926 IS - 1536-5964 (Electronic) IS - 0025-7974 (Print) IS - 0025-7974 (Linking) VI - 105 IP - 25 DP - 2026 Jun 19 TI - Association of triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratios with glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study from a Libyan clinical cohort. PG - e49337 LID - 10.1097/MD.0000000000049337 [doi] LID - e49337 AB - Poor glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is frequently associated with adverse lipid profiles, including elevated triglycerides (TG) and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Lipid ratios, including TG/HDL-C (triglycerides/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) and LDL-C/HDL-C (low-density/ high-density lipoprotein cholesterol), may serve as simple markers of insulin resistance and cardiometabolic risk. This study aimed to investigate the association between glycemic control and lipid parameters, including TG, HDL-C, and lipid ratios, in a Libyan cohort of T2DM patients. In this retrospective cross-sectional study, 363 T2DM patients (140 males, 223 females) aged 18 to 80 years attending a diabetic polyclinic in Benghazi between January 2022 and January 2024 were included. Clinical and biochemical data, including fasting lipid profiles and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), were extracted from patient records. Participants were classified according to glycemic control (HbA1c < 7% vs >/=7%). Associations between lipid parameters, lipid ratios, and glycemic control were assessed using multivariable logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, BMI, duration of diabetes, and statin use. Patients with uncontrolled HbA1c (>/=7%) had significantly higher TG/HDL-C ratios (3.79 +/- 2.52 vs 2.92 +/- 2.42; P = .007) and LDL-C/HDL-C ratios (2.55 +/- 1.30 vs 1.95 +/- 1.05; P < .001) compared with those with controlled HbA1c. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, higher low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were significantly associated with uncontrolled HbA1c (OR = 1.02; 95% CI: 1.01-1.03; P < .001). When lipid ratios were evaluated, the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio remained significantly associated with uncontrolled HbA1c (OR = 1.05; 95% CI: 1.02-1.09; P = .003). Lipid ratios, particularly LDL-C/HDL-C, were associated with poor glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus; however, their clinical utility requires further validation in prospective studies. Integrated management of dyslipidemia and glycemic control is essential to reduce cardiovascular complications in this population. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. FAU - Mahmoud, Sahar H AU - Mahmoud SH AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-4715-1244 AD - Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Benghazi University, Benghazi, Libya. FAU - Elfargani, Fatma R AU - Elfargani FR AD - Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Benghazi University, Benghazi, Libya. FAU - Mohamed, Nagwa AU - Mohamed N AD - Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Benghazi University, Benghazi, Libya. FAU - Khader, Yousef AU - Khader Y AD - Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Medicine (Baltimore) JT - Medicine JID - 2985248R RN - 0 (Triglycerides) RN - 0 (Cholesterol, HDL) RN - 0 (Glycated Hemoglobin) RN - 0 (Cholesterol, LDL) RN - 0 (Blood Glucose) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood MH - Female MH - Male MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Triglycerides/blood MH - Middle Aged MH - *Cholesterol, HDL/blood MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Glycemic Control MH - Aged MH - Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - *Cholesterol, LDL/blood MH - Adult MH - Libya MH - Blood Glucose MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13286382 OTO - NOTNLM OT - HDL-C OT - LDL-C/HDL-C ratio OT - TG/HDL-C ratio OT - dyslipidemia OT - glycemic control OT - inflammation OT - triglycerides OT - type 2 diabetes mellitus COIS- The authors have no funding and conflicts of interest to declare. EDAT- 2026/06/23 11:35 MHDA- 2026/06/23 12:34 PMCR- 2026/06/19 CRDT- 2026/06/23 01:02 PHST- 2026/03/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/23 12:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/23 11:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/23 01:02 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 00005792-202606190-00098 [pii] AID - MD-D-26-03886 [pii] AID - 10.1097/MD.0000000000049337 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Medicine (Baltimore). 2026 Jun 19;105(25):e49337. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000049337. PMID- 42332484 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260623 LR - 20260821 IS - 1536-5964 (Electronic) IS - 0025-7974 (Print) IS - 0025-7974 (Linking) VI - 105 IP - 25 DP - 2026 Jun 19 TI - Agreement and clinical relevance of mid-upper arm circumference in acute, chronic, and concurrent pediatric malnutrition: A retrospective cross-sectional study. PG - e49335 LID - 10.1097/MD.0000000000049335 [doi] LID - e49335 AB - Mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) is widely used for screening pediatric malnutrition due to its simplicity and feasibility. Although its relationship with anthropometric indicators including weight-for-height (WFH), body mass index (BMI)-for-age, and height-for-age has been previously examined, the degree of agreement and its clinical implications remain variable. This study aimed to evaluate the agreement and clinical relevance of MUAC in assessing acute, chronic, and concurrent malnutrition. This retrospective cross-sectional study included 473 children (0-18 years) evaluated for malnutrition at a tertiary pediatric gastroenterology clinic. Nutritional status was classified using World Health Organization growth standards based on WFH, BMI-for-age, and height-for-age z-scores. MUAC was analyzed as absolute values and MUAC-for-age z-score categories. Acute malnutrition was identified in 72.9% of participants, chronic malnutrition in 18.2%, and concurrent malnutrition in 8.9%. MUAC classified 83.7% of children as malnourished and detected a higher proportion of mild malnutrition than BMI-for-age and WFH classifications. MUAC severity showed a moderate correlation with WFH classifications in children <5 years (rho = 0.447, P <.001) and a strong correlation with BMI-for-age classifications in those >/= 5 years (rho = 0.649, P <.001). Agreement between MUAC-based severity categories and anthropometric classifications was fair for WFH (kappa = 0.33) and moderate for BMI-for-age (kappa = 0.55). Children with concurrent malnutrition were more frequently classified into moderate or severe MUAC categories (P <.01). MUAC showed fair-to-moderate agreement and moderate-to-strong correlations with BMI-for-age and WFH indicators of acute malnutrition, whereas its associations with chronic malnutrition were weaker. It identifies a higher proportion of children with mild malnutrition and reflects the severity of concurrent malnutrition. These findings support the potential complementary role of MUAC in routine anthropometric assessment and suggest that it may contribute to the early identification of pediatric malnutrition. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. FAU - Arslan, Melike AU - Arslan M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0107-4699 AD - Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Konya City Hospital, Konya, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Medicine (Baltimore) JT - Medicine JID - 2985248R SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Arm/anatomy & histology MH - Infant MH - Female MH - Male MH - Body Mass Index MH - Child MH - *Anthropometry/methods MH - Adolescent MH - *Malnutrition/diagnosis MH - *Child Nutrition Disorders/diagnosis MH - Chronic Disease MH - Nutritional Status MH - Acute Disease MH - Infant, Newborn PMC - PMC13286424 OTO - NOTNLM OT - acute malnutrition OT - anthropometric assessment OT - concurrent malnutrition OT - mid-upper arm circumference (muac) OT - pediatric malnutrition COIS- The authors has no funding and conflicts of interest to declare. EDAT- 2026/06/23 11:37 MHDA- 2026/06/23 18:34 PMCR- 2026/06/19 CRDT- 2026/06/23 01:02 PHST- 2026/03/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/23 18:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/23 11:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/23 01:02 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 00005792-202606190-00046 [pii] AID - MD-D-26-03621 [pii] AID - 10.1097/MD.0000000000049335 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Medicine (Baltimore). 2026 Jun 19;105(25):e49335. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000049335. PMID- 42331896 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260622 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jun 22 TI - Comprehensive behavioral and demographic correlates in myopia risk among Tibetan adolescents: a machine learning analysis using non‑cycloplegic refraction. LID - 10.1038/s41598-026-58744-z [doi] AB - Myopia is a global public health concern, especially among children and adolescents. This exploratory study aimed to develop a myopia risk prediction model for Tibetan adolescents using interpretable machine learning, while explicitly acknowledging the methodological limitations of non-cycloplegic refraction and self-reported data. We included 735 Tibetan adolescents. An XGBoost algorithm was used to build a binary classification model, with the SHAP method applied for feature interpretation. Data were split into 80% training and 20% test sets to analyze associations between behavioral, demographic factors, and myopia risk. Myopia was defined using non-cycloplegic autorefraction (uncorrected visual acuity < 5.0 [logMAR 0.0] and spherical equivalent /=60 years residing in selected urban and rural communities of Sikkim. Participants were recruited using stratified snowball sampling. Sociodemographic and lifestyle data were collected using a semi-structured validated questionnaire. Frailty was assessed using the nine-point Clinical Frailty Scale (2009 version). Frailty syndrome was defined as scores of 6-9. Data were analysed using Jamovi version 2.6.6. Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression were used to identify factors associated with frailty. The mean age of participants was 75.1 +/- 7.1 years. Overall, 274 (51.6%) participants were classified as frail. Among them, 20.5% were moderately frail, 13.2% severely frail, 10.1% very severely frail, and 7.7% were terminally ill. Increasing age, divorced or separated marital status, physical inactivity, not working beyond 60 years, living in a nuclear family, and absence of comorbidities were independently associated with frailty. Sex, number of children, and place of residence were not significantly associated. Frailty is highly prevalent among older adults in Sikkim and is influenced by key sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. These findings highlight the need for early screening and targeted community-based interventions to address frailty in ageing populations. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Indian Journal of Public Health. FAU - Sharma, Champa AU - Sharma C AD - Professor and Principal, Sikkim Manipal College of Nursing, Sikkim Manipal University, Sikkim, India. FAU - Devi, Elsa Sanatombi AU - Devi ES AD - Professor, Medical Surgical Nursing Department, Manipal College of Nursing, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India. FAU - Bhandari, Samrat Singh AU - Bhandari SS AD - Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, Sikkim Manipal University, Sikkim, India. FAU - Mayya, Shreemathi S AU - Mayya SS AD - Professor, Department of Data Science, Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India. FAU - Sharma, Pranita AU - Sharma P AD - Assistant Professor, Sikkim Manipal College of Nursing, Sikkim Manipal University, Gangtok, Sikkim, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260619 PL - India TA - Indian J Public Health JT - Indian journal of public health JID - 0400673 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - Prevalence MH - Aged MH - Female MH - *Frailty/epidemiology MH - Middle Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - India/epidemiology MH - Sociodemographic Factors MH - Sikkim/epidemiology MH - Socioeconomic Factors MH - *Frail Elderly/statistics & numerical data MH - Geriatric Assessment MH - Risk Factors OTO - NOTNLM OT - Aged OT - clinical frailty scale OT - frail elderly OT - frailty OT - older adults EDAT- 2026/06/22 18:59 MHDA- 2026/06/22 19:00 CRDT- 2026/06/22 14:58 PHST- 2025/04/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/01/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/22 19:00 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/22 18:59 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/22 14:58 [entrez] AID - 01586002-202604000-00020 [pii] AID - 10.4103/ijph.ijph_387_25 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Indian J Public Health. 2026 Apr 1;70(2):243-246. doi: 10.4103/ijph.ijph_387_25. Epub 2026 Jun 19. PMID- 42330079 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260622 LR - 20260824 IS - 1940-087X (Electronic) IS - 1940-087X (Linking) IP - 232 DP - 2026 Jun 2 TI - Mental Health, Sleep, and Eating Patterns Among Saudi Adults During Ramadan Fasting - A Cross-Sectional Study. LID - 10.3791/70640 [doi] AB - Ramadan fasting involves marked shifts in sleep-wake cycles, dietary habits, and daily routines, all of which may influence psychological well-being. Although Ramadan represents a naturalistic model of structured, time-restricted fasting, limited research in Saudi Arabia has explored how sociodemographic factors shape mental health, sleep, and eating behaviors during this period. This study examined these outcomes in adults across multiple regions of the country. A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted in March 2025 among adults aged 18-60 years residing in Saudi Arabia who observed daytime fasting during Ramadan. A total of 464 participants were recruited through convenience sampling. Data were collected using a validated, culturally adapted questionnaire that assessed psychological well-being, sleep patterns, and eating behaviors. Analyses included descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and multivariable logistic regression, with p < 0.05 as the significance threshold. Most respondents were female (56.5%) and aged 18-40 years (77.1%). Female sex was significantly associated with depressive feelings and reduced interest (p < 0.05) and independently predicted psychological distress (AOR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.08-1.72). Adults aged 26-39 and 40-60 years showed higher odds of sleep disturbance and altered eating behaviors (p < 0.05). Participants from the Eastern region demonstrated elevated odds of psychological distress (AOR = 1.80), sleep disturbances (AOR = 2.05), and changes in eating patterns (AOR = 1.50). Employment status was associated with daytime fatigue and non-hunger-driven eating patterns. Ramadan-related lifestyle changes are associated with measurable variations in psychological well-being, sleep quality, and eating behavior. Women, middle-aged adults, and residents of the eastern region appeared to be more vulnerable to these effects. Tailored public health strategies promoting mental health, sleep hygiene, and healthy eating during altered daily routines may help mitigate these impacts. FAU - Albaik, Mai AU - Albaik M AD - Department of Chemistry, Preparatory Year Program, Batterjee Medical College; mai.albaik@bmc.edu.sa. FAU - Sulaiman, Sarah Ali AU - Sulaiman SA AD - General Medicine Practice Program, Batterjee Medical College. FAU - Alyamani, Shaza Abdullah AU - Alyamani SA AD - Department of Biology, Preparatory Year Program, Batterjee Medical College. FAU - Thalib, Husna Irfan AU - Thalib HI AD - General Medicine Practice Program, Batterjee Medical College. FAU - Tahir, Khadijah AU - Tahir K AD - General Medicine Practice Program, Batterjee Medical College. FAU - Hifni, Badriah Abdullah AU - Hifni BA AD - Department of Biology, Preparatory Year Program, Batterjee Medical College. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Video-Audio Media DEP - 20260602 PL - United States TA - J Vis Exp JT - Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE JID - 101313252 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adult MH - Saudi Arabia MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Sleep/physiology MH - Young Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - *Feeding Behavior/physiology/psychology MH - Adolescent MH - *Fasting/psychology/physiology MH - *Mental Health MH - *Islam MH - Intermittent Fasting EDAT- 2026/06/22 19:01 MHDA- 2026/06/22 19:02 CRDT- 2026/06/22 14:04 PHST- 2026/06/22 19:02 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/22 19:01 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/22 14:04 [entrez] AID - 10.3791/70640 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Vis Exp. 2026 Jun 2;(232). doi: 10.3791/70640. PMID- 42329961 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260626 LR - 20260813 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 6 DP - 2026 TI - Dietary supplement consumption among active individuals in Saudi Arabia. PG - e0351208 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0351208 [doi] LID - e0351208 AB - BACKGROUND: Despite the increasing use of dietary supplements in Saudi Arabia, accurate information on their consumption patterns and predictors is essential for effective policy planning. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of dietary supplement consumption, assess perceptions regarding their health effects, and identify demographic, health-related, and knowledge- and practice-based factors influencing their use among active individuals in Saudi Arabia. METHODS: This cross-sectional study identified predictors of dietary supplement consumption using a Likert-scale questionnaire adapted from validated local and international tools with minor modifications. Structural equation modeling was conducted by defining multiple sets of regression equations. The analyses were performed using R software (Version 4.1.2) with the lavaan and semPlot packages. A two-tailed p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: A total of 3,800 active individuals from 13 Saudi Arabian regions participated in this study. The prevalence of dietary supplement use among active individuals was 63.82%. Health characteristics and knowledge and practice domains showed a highly significant influence on supplement consumption, whereas the demographic domain did not show a significant association in the structural equation model, although several demographic variables were significantly associated with supplement use in bivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of dietary supplement use among physically active individuals in Saudi Arabia exceeded the prevalence rates reported in several international populations, with more than three out of every five participants indicating use of dietary supplements. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Alsayegh et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Alsayegh, Abdulrahman A AU - Alsayegh AA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6948-4582 AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alzaben, Abeer S AU - Alzaben AS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9813-1524 AD - Department of Health Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Abu Haddash, Yahya M AU - Abu Haddash YM AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Busayli, Abdulrahman M AU - Busayli AM AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Chandika, Rama M AU - Chandika RM AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alsuhaibani, Munirah N AU - Alsuhaibani MN AD - Saudi Food and Drug Authority, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. FAU - Albishi, Sara A AU - Albishi SA AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-7930-2743 AD - Clinical Nutrition Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al-Batin, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Hanbazaza, Mahitab A AU - Hanbazaza MA AD - Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Abuzaid, Omar I AU - Abuzaid OI AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alkhalaf, Majed M AU - Alkhalaf MM AD - Executive Directorate of Public Health Policies and Regulations at Saudi Public Health Authority, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260622 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Dietary Supplements/statistics & numerical data MH - Saudi Arabia MH - *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MH - Surveys and Questionnaires/statistics & numerical data MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - Adult MH - *Exercise/statistics & numerical data PMC - PMC13286177 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/06/22 19:00 MHDA- 2026/06/22 19:01 PMCR- 2026/06/22 CRDT- 2026/06/22 13:42 PHST- 2025/05/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/22 19:01 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/22 19:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/22 13:42 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-25-22005 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0351208 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 Jun 22;21(6):e0351208. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0351208. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42329656 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260908 LR - 20260908 IS - 2168-6211 (Electronic) IS - 2168-6203 (Print) IS - 2168-6203 (Linking) VI - 180 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep 1 TI - Obesity Management Pharmacotherapies and Lifestyle Treatment for Pediatric Obesity Management: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis. PG - 961-974 LID - 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.2248 [doi] AB - IMPORTANCE: Pediatric obesity is a global health challenge. Although health behavior and lifestyle treatment (HBLT) is foundational, the comparative effectiveness of HBLT, various pharmacotherapies, and their combinations remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of obesity management pharmacotherapies, structured lifestyle treatment, and their combinations on weight management outcomes in children and adolescents living with obesity. DATA SOURCES: A systematic search was conducted in 4 electronic databases (Embase, CENTRAL, PsycINFO, and PubMed) from inception to June 17, 2025. DATA SELECTION: Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) involving children and adolescents (aged 10-19 years) with obesity were selected. Interventions included lifestyle treatment (HBLT and counseling), obesity management pharmacotherapies (glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, metformin, orlistat, phentermine topiramate), or their combination vs control. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Data were extracted and validity assessed according to PRISMA guidelines. A random-effects network meta-analysis was used to pool data. Meta-regression was used to explore outcome moderators. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Primary outcomes were body mass index (BMI; calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) and BMI z score; secondary outcomes included waist circumference (WC), fat mass (FM), and lean mass (LM). RESULTS: A total of 42 RCTs with 3835 participants (median [IQR] age, 14.5 [13.3-15.1] years; 2270 female [59.2%]) were included. Treatments combining pharmacotherapy and lifestyle treatment demonstrated the greatest efficacy across all adiposity-related outcomes. Semaglutide plus counseling was associated with the largest BMI reduction (mean difference, -8.31; 95% CI, -12.33 to -4.28) and BMI z score reduction (mean difference, -1.80; 95% CI, -2.39 to -1.21), although this estimate was based on a limited number of studies. All pharmacological treatments were more effective when paired with lifestyle treatment, associated with significantly greater BMI and BMI z score reductions than the same medications alone. Based on the primary analysis, HBLT as monotherapy was associated with substantial decreases in BMI (mean difference, -3.85; 95% CI, -4.91 to -2.80) and BMI z score (mean difference, -0.89; 95% CI, -1.17 to -0.61) vs control. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Finding of this systematic review and network meta-analysis suggest that combining lifestyle treatment with obesity management medications was associated with the greatest short-term (typically 6 to 12 months) weight reduction in adolescents with obesity. HBLT remained an indispensable component of any effective weight management, delivering meaningful weight loss and healthier body composition on its own. Combined with lifestyle treatment, pharmacotherapy was a key component, not solely an adjunct, associated with the greatest BMI and BMI z score improvements, and long-term sustainability and safety were monitored. FAU - Wan, Ke-Wen AU - Wan KW AD - Academy of Wellness and Human Development, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China. AD - Dr Stephen Hui Research Centre for Physical Recreation and Wellness, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China. FAU - Lei, Evander Fung-Chau AU - Lei EF AD - Academy of Wellness and Human Development, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China. AD - Dr Stephen Hui Research Centre for Physical Recreation and Wellness, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China. FAU - Liu, Ying AU - Liu Y AD - Academy of Wellness and Human Development, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China. FAU - Taddese, Asefa Adimasu AU - Taddese AA AD - Academy of Wellness and Human Development, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China. FAU - Ip, Patrick AU - Ip P AD - Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. FAU - Torbahn, Gabriel AU - Torbahn G AD - Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Medical University, Klinikum Nurnberg, Universitatsklinik der Paracelsus Medizinischen Privatuniversitat Nurnberg, Nuremberg, Germany. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria. AD - Obesity research unit, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria. FAU - Weghuber, Daniel AU - Weghuber D AD - Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria. AD - Obesity research unit, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria. FAU - Huang, Wendy Y AU - Huang WY AD - Academy of Wellness and Human Development, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China. AD - Dr Stephen Hui Research Centre for Physical Recreation and Wellness, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China. FAU - Tam, Bjorn T AU - Tam BT AD - Academy of Wellness and Human Development, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China. AD - Dr Stephen Hui Research Centre for Physical Recreation and Wellness, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Network Meta-Analysis PT - Systematic Review PL - United States TA - JAMA Pediatr JT - JAMA pediatrics JID - 101589544 RN - 0 (Anti-Obesity Agents) RN - 9100L32L2N (Metformin) RN - 53AXN4NNHX (Semaglutide) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - *Pediatric Obesity/therapy/drug therapy MH - Adolescent MH - *Anti-Obesity Agents/therapeutic use MH - *Life Style MH - *Obesity Management/methods MH - Combined Modality Therapy MH - Body Mass Index MH - Metformin/therapeutic use MH - Semaglutide PMC - PMC13288192 COIS- Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Dr Torbahn reported having a board membership of the Working Group Obesity in Childhood and Adolescence of the German Association for the Study of Obesity; being a co-opted board member of the European Childhood Obesity Group; and receiving travel grants or reimbursements from the European Association for the Study of Obesity, the German Association for the Study of Obesity, and the European Childhood Obesity Group outside the submitted work. Dr Weghuber reported receiving consulting fees from Novo Nordisk, Eli Lilly, and Rhythm Pharmaceuticals outside the submitted work. No other disclosures were reported. EDAT- 2026/06/22 13:42 MHDA- 2026/09/08 17:36 PMCR- 2027/06/22 CRDT- 2026/06/22 11:33 PHST- 2026/09/08 17:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/22 13:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/22 11:33 [entrez] PHST- 2027/06/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2850145 [pii] AID - poi260032 [pii] AID - 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.2248 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - JAMA Pediatr. 2026 Sep 1;180(9):961-974. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.2248. PMID- 42329372 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261025 LR - 20261028 IS - 1435-165X (Electronic) IS - 1018-8827 (Print) IS - 1018-8827 (Linking) VI - 35 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct TI - The weight concerns scale in Australian adolescents: Factor structure, gender invariance, and screening utility. PG - 3313-3323 LID - 10.1007/s00787-026-03101-8 [doi] AB - Despite the increased incidence of disordered eating among adolescents and low help-seeking rates, there is currently a lack of evidence supporting use of screening tools for this population. The present study aimed to address this gap by examining the factor structure, gender invariance, and psychological correlates of the Weight Concerns Scale (WCS) in a large sample of Australian adolescents to evaluate its potential suitability as a screening tool. Participants (n = 1022) aged 12-17 (M(age) = 14.73; SD = 1.55) were recruited from five public secondary schools in South Australia between May and August 2023. All participants completed the WCS and psychological measures of life satisfaction, resilience, psychological distress, self-injurious thoughts and behaviours. Confirmatory factor analysis replicated the original one-factor structure: chi(2)(5) = 44.83, p < .001, RMSEA = 0.09, CFI = 0.99. Measurement non-invariance was found by gender and socio-economic-status, suggesting the scale functions differently across these subgroups. A cut-off score of >/= 47 on WCS was associated with elevated psychological distress across all groups except for boys from lower socio-economic-status backgrounds. The present study is the first to apply confirmatory factor analysis to the WCS in adolescents. Future research needs to establish validity of the WCS as a screen in adolescents in terms of associations with ED psychopathology and behaviours. In addition, validation against diagnostic interview is crucial to establishing the WCS as a screening tool. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Radunz, Marcela AU - Radunz M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2858-0313 AD - Discipline of Psychology, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia, 5001, Australia. marcela.radunz@flinders.edu.au. FAU - Jabs, Maya AU - Jabs M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-8369-1086 AD - Discipline of Psychology, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia, 5001, Australia. FAU - King, Daniel L AU - King DL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1762-2581 AD - Discipline of Psychology, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia, 5001, Australia. FAU - Wade, Tracey D AU - Wade TD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4402-770X AD - Discipline of Psychology, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia, 5001, Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260622 PL - Germany TA - Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry JT - European child & adolescent psychiatry JID - 9212296 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Male MH - Female MH - Factor Analysis, Statistical MH - *Feeding and Eating Disorders/diagnosis/psychology MH - Psychometrics MH - Child MH - Sex Factors MH - Australia MH - *Psychiatric Status Rating Scales/standards MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - South Australia MH - Mass Screening MH - *Body Weight MH - Psychological Distress PMC - PMC13696600 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescents OT - Eating disorders OT - Factor structure OT - Screening tool OT - Weight concerns COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/22 13:44 MHDA- 2026/10/25 17:31 PMCR- 2026/06/22 CRDT- 2026/06/22 11:13 PHST- 2025/05/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/25 17:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/22 13:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/22 11:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s00787-026-03101-8 [pii] AID - 3101 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00787-026-03101-8 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2026 Oct;35(10):3313-3323. doi: 10.1007/s00787-026-03101-8. Epub 2026 Jun 22. PMID- 42328216 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260622 LR - 20260813 IS - 0974-7052 (Print) IS - 0975-1904 (Electronic) IS - 0974-7052 (Linking) VI - 19 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Mar TI - Association Between Junk Food Consumption and Behavioral Outcomes in 10-15-year-old Children: A Cross-sectional Questionnaire-based Study. PG - 318-323 LID - 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3474 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Dietary habits and food consumption patterns have long been a focus of interest for both researchers and healthcare professionals. In recent years, growing awareness of the role of nutrition in overall well-being, along with a noticeable rise in diet-related health problems, has intensified this focus. Furthermore, increased concern is surfacing regarding the effect of junk food has on the behavior patterns among children; however, there is limited evidence. The present questionnaire study aims to investigate the association between junk food consumption and behavioral issues among 10-15-year-old children attending schools in and around Rajanagaram, Andhra Pradesh. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,500 students using a validated dietary questionnaire and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) adolescent self-report version. Junk food consumption (based on IAP guidelines) and behavioral categories were evaluated from the reported questionnaires, and the association between the two variables was analyzed statistically using Chi-square and Pearson correlation tests. RESULTS: Moderate junk food consumption was reported by 71.3% of children, with 11.8% reporting severe intake. SDQ revealed 81.6% had abnormal behavior scores, predominantly hyperactivity (54.78%) and conduct problems (67.02%). Although Pearson correlation was statistically nonsignificant (p = 0.963), a trend of increased behavioral issues with higher junk food intake was observed. CONCLUSION: A high prevalence of behavioral disturbances was seen among children with moderate to severe junk food consumption. Educational and policy-based interventions focusing on nutrition are urgently needed. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Markapurapu BS, Balakrishnan V, Martha S, et al. Association Between Junk Food Consumption and Behavioral Outcomes in 10-15-year-old Children: A Cross-sectional Questionnaire-based Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2026;19(3):318-323. CI - Copyright (c) 2026; The Authors. FAU - Markapurapu, Baba S AU - Markapurapu BS AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-0031-1202 AD - Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Dr NTR University of Health Sciences, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India. FAU - Balakrishnan, Veena AU - Balakrishnan V AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-1469-6559 AD - Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Lenora Institute of Dental Sciences, Rajamahendravaram, Andhra Pradesh, India. FAU - Martha, Satyam AU - Martha S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4739-3000 AD - Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Lenora Institute of Dental Sciences, Rajamahendravaram, Andhra Pradesh, India. FAU - Maganti, Sri R AU - Maganti SR AD - Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Lenora Institute of Dental Sciences, Rajamahendravaram, Andhra Pradesh, India. FAU - Haritha, K AU - Haritha K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3968-9987 AD - Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Lenora Institute of Dental Sciences, Rajamahendravaram, Andhra Pradesh, India. FAU - Yaramala, Harshitha AU - Yaramala H AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-3172-2092 AD - Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Lenora Institute of Dental Sciences, Rajamahendravaram, Andhra Pradesh, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260302 PL - India TA - Int J Clin Pediatr Dent JT - International journal of clinical pediatric dentistry JID - 101585405 PMC - PMC13280508 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent behavior OT - Cross-sectional study OT - Junk food OT - Schoolchildren OT - Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire COIS- Source of support: Nil Conflict of interest: NoneConflict of interest: None EDAT- 2026/06/22 13:43 MHDA- 2026/06/22 13:44 PMCR- 2026/04/01 CRDT- 2026/06/22 07:23 PHST- 2025/06/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/07/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/22 13:44 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/22 13:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/22 07:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3474 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2026 Mar;19(3):318-323. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3474. Epub 2026 Mar 2. PMID- 42327482 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260622 LR - 20260813 IS - 2398-8835 (Electronic) IS - 2398-8835 (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Shear Wave Elastography in Children: Normative Values and the Impact of Healthy Habits in a Cross-Sectional Study. PG - e72653 LID - 10.1002/hsr2.72653 [doi] LID - e72653 AB - OBJECTIVES: Biomechanical properties of the musculoskeletal system are important to understand muscle function, but they are difficult to assess noninvasively. Shear wave elastography (SWE) allows objective quantification of muscle elasticity. However, normative data and the influence of lifestyle habits on muscle elasticity in children remain unclear, particularly across multiple upper and lower limb muscles and in relation to modifiable healthy behaviors. The main objective was to assess muscle elasticity at rest and during maximum passive stretching (MPS) in children using SWE, and to address existing gaps by evaluating multiple muscles from both limbs, as well as to evaluate the influence of lifestyle factors, with particular attention to healthy habits. DESIGN AND METHODS: SWE was used to measure the elasticity of the biceps brachii, pronator teres, adductor longus, lateral gastrocnemius, and soleus in 44 typically developing children (mean age 8.9 years; range 3-14 years; 27 females). Measurements were taken at rest and MPS. Data included anthropometry, physical fitness, Mediterranean diet adherence, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and sleep duration, allowing the exploration of lifestyle-related determinants of muscle elasticity. RESULTS: Reliability estimates exceeded 0.91, indicating excellent consistency. SWE values increased with higher Mediterranean adherence during MPS in all muscles, while at rest, an inverse relationship appeared in biceps and pronator teres. Sleep time was negatively associated with SWE at rest and positively adductor longus during MPS. MVPA showed some associations without consistent patterns. CONCLUSIONS: SWE is a reliable and objective technique to evaluate muscle elasticity in typically developing children. By providing multi-muscle reference data from both upper and lower limbs and demonstrating associations with diet and sleep, this study extends current pediatric SWE literature beyond feasibility and reliability. These findings suggest that SWE could help quantify the physiological impact of healthy habits on muscle properties during childhood. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Health Science Reports published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Casellas-Vidal, Dolors AU - Casellas-Vidal D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9560-6758 AD - Servei de Pediatria Hospital Universitari Doctor Josep Trueta Girona Spain. AD - Neurodevelopmental Group [Girona Biomedical Research Institute]-IDIBGI Institute of Health Assistance (IAS), Parc Hospitalari Marti i Julia Girona Spain. FAU - Font-Llado, Raquel AU - Font-Llado R AD - University School of Health and Sport (EUSES) University of Girona Girona Spain. AD - Research Group of Culture and Education, Institute of Educational Research University of Girona Girona Spain. FAU - Osiniri, Ines AU - Osiniri I AD - Servei de Pediatria, Clinica Bofill Girona Spain. FAU - Camos-Carreras, Maria AU - Camos-Carreras M AD - Servei de Pediatria Hospital Universitari Doctor Josep Trueta Girona Spain. AD - Neurodevelopmental Group [Girona Biomedical Research Institute]-IDIBGI Institute of Health Assistance (IAS), Parc Hospitalari Marti i Julia Girona Spain. FAU - Ruiz-Eizmendi, Aintzane AU - Ruiz-Eizmendi A AD - Servei de Rehabilitacio Hospital Universitari Doctor Josep Trueta Girona Spain. FAU - Serrano-Ferrer, Juan AU - Serrano-Ferrer J AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-6080-2772 AD - University School of Health and Sport (EUSES) University of Girona Girona Spain. FAU - Casellas, Joaquim AU - Casellas J AD - Departament de Ciencia Animal i dels Aliments Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona Bellaterra Spain. FAU - Lopez-Bermejo, Abel AU - Lopez-Bermejo A AD - Servei de Pediatria Hospital Universitari Doctor Josep Trueta Girona Spain. AD - Pediatric Endocrinology Group Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI) Salt Spain. FAU - Prats-Puig, Anna AU - Prats-Puig A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5253-3808 AD - Research Group of Health and Health Care, Nursing Department University of Girona Girona Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260619 PL - United States TA - Health Sci Rep JT - Health science reports JID - 101728855 PMC - PMC13281414 OTO - NOTNLM OT - children OT - healthy habits OT - lifestyle factors OT - muscle elasticity OT - shear wave elastography COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/22 13:42 MHDA- 2026/06/22 13:43 PMCR- 2026/06/19 CRDT- 2026/06/22 07:15 PHST- 2025/11/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/22 13:43 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/22 13:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/22 07:15 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - HSR272653 [pii] AID - 10.1002/hsr2.72653 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Health Sci Rep. 2026 Jun 19;9(6):e72653. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.72653. eCollection 2026 Jun. PMID- 42327477 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260622 LR - 20260813 IS - 2398-8835 (Electronic) IS - 2398-8835 (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Psychometric Properties of the Participation Motivation Questionnaire Among Hungarian Female Students. PG - e72696 LID - 10.1002/hsr2.72696 [doi] LID - e72696 AB - BACKGROUND AND AIM: Based on the self-determination theory (SDT), this study primarily aimed to examine the reliability and validity of the Hungarian version of the Participation Motivation Questionnaire (PMQ) among 13-15-year-old female students, and secondarily to describe their motivational profiles and the relationships between motives and physical activity level. METHODS: Three hundred twenty-five female students (mean age = 14.07; SD = 0.87) from nine different schools-wealthy, moderate, and lower income- were randomly sampled from Budapest and its suburbs. Exploratory Factor Analysis was used with the maximum likelihood extraction method and varimax rotation. To establish construct validity, Confirmatory Factor Analysis was conducted. Internal consistency of the questionnaire and its subscales was assessed using Cronbach's alpha. RESULTS: A 27‑item, six-factor solution emerged, partially differing from the original eight-factor structure, and showed acceptable internal consistency (alpha = 0.73-0.84). Associations between motivational factors and sociodemographic characteristics (age, socioeconomic status, urban-rural residence) and physical activity level revealed significant effects of sociodemographic factors on motivation. Fitness emerged as the only motivational factor showing a strong, direct relationship with adolescents' physical activity level. In terms of SDT, intrinsic‑oriented, health‑ and mastery‑related reasons appeared more important than ego‑related and extrinsic reasons for encouraging female students to be physically active. Given the cross-sectional design and the urban-skewed sample, these subgroup findings should be interpreted with caution and considered as a means of generating hypotheses. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the Hungarian version of the PMQ appears suitable for assessing participation motives among female students in school and sport-related settings and may support educators and practitioners in better understanding motivational patterns when planning and evaluating physical activity programmes. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Health Science Reports published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Ghazvini, Narges AU - Ghazvini N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7335-3948 AD - Doctoral School, Hungarian University of Sports Science Budapest Hungary. AD - Department of Pedagogy Hungarian University of Sports Science Budapest Hungary. FAU - Hamar, Pal AU - Hamar P AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-8651-3013 AD - Department of Pedagogy Hungarian University of Sports Science Budapest Hungary. AD - Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania Sf. Gheorghe Romania. AD - Ludovika University of Public Service Budapest Hungary. FAU - Takacs, Johanna AU - Takacs J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8709-8826 AD - Department of Social Sciences Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary. FAU - Petridis, Leonidas AU - Petridis L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8534-7550 AD - Research Center for Sport Physiology Hungarian University of Sport Science Budapest Hungary. FAU - Soos, Istvan AU - Soos I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5511-9477 AD - Department of Pedagogy Hungarian University of Sports Science Budapest Hungary. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260620 PL - United States TA - Health Sci Rep JT - Health science reports JID - 101728855 PMC - PMC13282752 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Hungarian female students OT - participation motivation questionnaire OT - physical activity OT - self-determination theory OT - sociodemographic factors COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/22 13:44 MHDA- 2026/06/22 13:45 PMCR- 2026/06/20 CRDT- 2026/06/22 07:15 PHST- 2025/11/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/22 13:45 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/22 13:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/22 07:15 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - HSR272696 [pii] AID - 10.1002/hsr2.72696 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Health Sci Rep. 2026 Jun 20;9(6):e72696. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.72696. eCollection 2026 Jun. PMID- 42326162 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260622 LR - 20260813 IS - 2168-8184 (Print) IS - 2168-8184 (Electronic) IS - 2168-8184 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 5 DP - 2026 May TI - A Retrospective Comparison of Transcutaneous and End-Tidal Carbon Dioxide Monitoring in Pediatric Polysomnography. PG - e109308 LID - 10.7759/cureus.109308 [doi] LID - e109308 AB - Background Accurate monitoring of carbon dioxide (CO(2)) is important in pediatric polysomnography (PSG), particularly for identifying nocturnal hypoventilation, a condition with significant clinical consequences in children, especially those with neuromuscular or pulmonary disorders. Two primary modalities are available for non-invasive CO(2) estimation: end-tidal CO(2) (EtCO(2)) and transcutaneous CO(2) (TcCO(2)). While both are widely used, their diagnostic equivalence remains unclear. This study aimed to address the clinical question of whether TcCO(2) and EtCO(2) measurements in pediatric PSG can replace each other. Methods A single-center retrospective study was conducted by including pediatric patients who underwent PSG with concurrent EtCO(2) and TcCO(2) monitoring. For each patient, mean, maximum, and minimum CO(2) values, as well as sleep duration with values exceeding 50 mmHg, were extracted and analyzed between the two modalities. The diagnostic rates of nocturnal hypoventilation as defined by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) Manual were also compared. Results Among 127 children (median age 11 years, interquartile range age eight to 14), based on the Bland-Altman analysis, a positive mean bias was observed in all three comparisons, suggesting that EtCO(2) measurements were systematically lower than TcCO(2). Wide 95% limits of agreement in all TcCO(2) and EtCO(2) measurements were observed. A weakly positive correlation but with marginal statistical significance was noted between mean TcCO(2) and EtCO(2) values (rs=0.173, p=0.052). Maximum TcCO(2) and EtCO(2) values were also only weakly correlated (rs=0.288, p=0.001). The median of mean TcCO(2) was significantly higher than that of mean EtCO(2): 42.95 mmHg vs. 39.00 mmHg, respectively (Z = -8.06, p < 0.001). The median of maximum TcCO(2) was also significantly higher than that of maximum EtCO(2) values: 47.40 mmHg vs. 44.00 mmHg, respectively (Z = -7.50, p < 0.001). However, no statistically significant difference was observed for the corresponding minimum values (36.60 mmHg vs. 35.00 mmHg; Z = -1.94, p = 0.052). Ten out of 127 (7.9%) patients were diagnosed with hypoventilation by TcCO(2) measurement, none of whom could be diagnosed based on EtCO(2) measurement. Subgroup analysis by age, sex, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity, obesity, craniofacial abnormalities, tonsillar hypertrophy, and syndromic diagnosis yielded no significantly different findings. Conclusions Our study suggested that EtCO(2) and TcCO(2) measurements in pediatric PSG may not be interchangeable, given the observed suboptimal agreement between the two modalities, i.e., the tendency for TcCO(2) values to be higher than EtCO(2), and the weak and mostly statistically insignificant correlation observed for CO(2) measurements. However, in the absence of arterial blood gas (ABG) as a reference standard, it was not possible to determine which modality more accurately reflects true arterial CO(2) levels or was more reliable for identifying nocturnal hypoventilation. CI - Copyright (c) 2026, Tsui et al. FAU - Tsui, Tak Kong AU - Tsui TK AD - Pediatrics, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong, CHN. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260520 PL - United States TA - Cureus JT - Cureus JID - 101596737 PMC - PMC13282146 OTO - NOTNLM OT - end-tidal co2 monitoring OT - nocturnal hypoventilation OT - obstructive sleep apnoea OT - paedatrics OT - polysomnography OT - trancutaneous co2 monitoring COIS- Human subjects: Informed consent for treatment and open access publication was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Hospital Authority Central Institutional Review Board issued approval PAED-2026-024. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work. EDAT- 2026/06/22 13:43 MHDA- 2026/06/22 13:44 PMCR- 2026/05/20 CRDT- 2026/06/22 07:03 PHST- 2026/05/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/22 13:44 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/22 13:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/22 07:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.7759/cureus.109308 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cureus. 2026 May 20;18(5):e109308. doi: 10.7759/cureus.109308. eCollection 2026 May. PMID- 42325730 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260622 LR - 20260813 IS - 2048-6790 (Electronic) IS - 2048-6790 (Linking) VI - 15 DP - 2026 TI - Dietary assessment tools for children and adolescents in Latin America: a scoping review. PG - e46 LID - 10.1017/jns.2026.10116 [doi] LID - e46 AB - Accurately assessing dietary intake in children and adolescents is essential for understanding dietary patterns and informing public health strategies. In Latin America, rapid nutrition transitions and increasing childhood obesity highlight the need for culturally appropriate, validated dietary assessment tools (DATs). However, methodological challenges and limited regional data hinder effective dietary surveillance. This scoping review identified and characterised DATs used among children and adolescents (5-18 years) in Latin America, examining tool types, features, validation and regional coverage. Following Joanna Briggs Institute and PRISMA-ScR guidelines, comprehensive searches were conducted in EMBASE, Web of Science, PubMed, and LILACS (April 2024) in English, Spanish, and Portuguese. Eligible studies included original research developing, validating, or applying DATs in Latin American populations. Of 13,946 records screened, 105 reports met the inclusion criteria. Brazil and Mexico contributed the most studies, while six countries (Paraguay, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Panama, Honduras, and Belize) had none. Forty-three DATs were identified, 77% of which were food frequency questionnaires (FFQs). Half targeted adolescents, 39% children, and 11% both groups. Most were interviewer-administered (58%) and applied in person (49%), with only 19% conducted online, reflecting regional digital limitations. Validation was reported for 70% of tools, primarily against 24 HR. The DAT landscape in Latin America remains dominated by FFQs and traditional administration methods, with limited use of digital platforms. Developing age-appropriate, validated and culturally adapted digital DATs is essential to strengthen dietary surveillance and guide effective nutrition policies across the region. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. FAU - Vidal, Milca AU - Vidal M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-9328-8981 AD - Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds Faculty of Environment, UK. ROR: https://ror.org/024mrxd33 FAU - Iqbal, Muhammed AU - Iqbal M AD - Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds Faculty of Environment, UK. ROR: https://ror.org/024mrxd33 AD - Clinical nutrition, Politeknik Negeri Jember, Indonesia. FAU - Cade, Janet AU - Cade J AD - Nutrition Epidemiology Group, University of Leeds, UK. FAU - Nykjaer, Camilla AU - Nykjaer C AD - School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds Faculty of Biological Sciences, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Scoping Review DEP - 20260617 PL - England TA - J Nutr Sci JT - Journal of nutritional science JID - 101590587 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - Latin America MH - *Nutrition Assessment MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Diet MH - *Diet Surveys/methods PMC - PMC13279971 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescents OT - Children OT - Dietary assessment tool OT - Latin America OT - Scoping Review COIS- The author(s) declare none. EDAT- 2026/06/22 13:42 MHDA- 2026/06/22 19:00 PMCR- 2026/06/17 CRDT- 2026/06/22 06:59 PHST- 2025/11/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/22 19:00 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/22 13:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/22 06:59 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2048679026101165 [pii] AID - 10.1017/jns.2026.10116 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Nutr Sci. 2026 Jun 17;15:e46. doi: 10.1017/jns.2026.10116. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42325327 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260622 LR - 20260813 IS - 1664-1078 (Print) IS - 1664-1078 (Electronic) IS - 1664-1078 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Family sports environment and emotional regulation in Chinese adolescents: the mediating roles of sports lifestyle and parent-child interaction. PG - 1812203 LID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1812203 [doi] LID - 1812203 AB - Against the backdrop of increasingly prominent mental health issues among adolescents, insufficient development of the family sports environment, a key external factor associated with emotional regulation, has emerged as a critical but often overlooked determinant of psychological stability and resilience among Chinese youth. In particular, the absence of an active sports lifestyle and structured parent-child interaction patterns may be associated with impaired emotional regulation processes, highlighting the need to examine the associational pathways. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the association between the family sports environment and emotional regulation abilities among Chinese adolescents and to explore the serial indirect associations of sports; lifestyle and parent-child relationship within a theoretically informed mediation model. METHODS: A cluster sampling survey was conducted among 750 Chinese adolescents. Data were collected using the Family Sports Environment Scale, the Adolescent Emotional Regulation Scale, the Sports Lifestyle Scale, and the Parent-Child Relationship Scale. All variables were measured at a single time point using self-report questionnaires. RESULTS: (1) No statistically significant differences were observed across gender or age in family sports environment, emotional regulation, sports lifestyle, or parent-child relationship (p > 0.05); (2) The family sports environment was significantly and positively associated with emotional regulation (r = 0.698, p < 0.001). Regression analyses indicated that the total effect of family sports environment on emotional regulation was significant (unstandardized coefficient, B = 0.292; t = 26.811, p < 0.001). while the direct effect also remained significant (standardized coefficient,beta = 0.207; t = 3.829, p < 0.001). In addition, the family sports environment was significantly associated with variations in sports lifestyle (B = 1.957, t = 37.969, p < 0.001) and parent-child relationship (B = 0.292, t = 8.445, p < 0.001). Sports lifestyle was significantly associated with variations in parent-child relationship (beta = 0.226, t = 15.931, p < 0.001) and emotional regulation (beta = 0.203, t = 8.400, p < 0.001). Moreover, the parent-child relationship was significantly associated with variations in emotional regulation (beta = 0.524, t = 9.175, p < 0.001); (3) Sports lifestyle and parent-child relationship both demonstrated significant mediating associations in the relationship between family sports environment and adolescent emotional regulation, consistent with a serial mediation model of associations. CONCLUSION: The family sports environment was significantly associated with healthier sports lifestyles among Chinese adolescents and more positive parent-child relationships, and was also indirectly associated with emotional regulation abilities through the sequential mediating effects of these two factors. Sports lifestyles and parent-child relationships function as key intermediary pathways linking the family sports environment to adolescents' emotional regulation, thereby providing a theoretically informed explanation of the observed associative pathways. From a practical perspective, these findings suggest that optimizing the family sports environment, encouraging parent-child engagement in physical activities, and fostering regular physical activity habits among adolescents may be supportive contextual factors for improving emotional regulation and supporting mental health development. Such strategies may also provide valuable implications for family-based sports guidance and adolescent mental health support practices. However, this study is subject to limitations related to sample representativeness and cross-sectional research design. Future research is encouraged to employ longitudinal designs and incorporate more comprehensive family-context variables to further examine and validate these associations. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Zhou, Liu and Xiang. FAU - Zhou, Zhixing AU - Zhou Z AD - School of Physical Education and Health, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, China. FAU - Liu, Weijian AU - Liu W AD - School of Physical Education and Health, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, China. FAU - Xiang, Jun AU - Xiang J AD - School of Physical Education and Health, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260604 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Psychol JT - Frontiers in psychology JID - 101550902 PMC - PMC13275267 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - emotional regulation OT - family sports environment OT - mediating effect OT - mental health OT - parent-child relationship OT - psychological resilience OT - sports lifestyle COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/22 13:42 MHDA- 2026/06/22 13:43 PMCR- 2026/06/04 CRDT- 2026/06/22 06:56 PHST- 2026/02/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/22 13:43 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/22 13:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/22 06:56 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1812203 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Psychol. 2026 Jun 4;17:1812203. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1812203. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42324999 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260817 LR - 20260922 IS - 1524-4539 (Electronic) IS - 0009-7322 (Print) IS - 0009-7322 (Linking) VI - 154 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Aug 18 TI - Consumption of Fructose-Containing Food and Beverage Sources in Childhood Through to Adulthood and Risk of Hypertension: A Prospective Cohort Study. PG - 612-623 LID - 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.125.077666 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: High intakes of fructose-containing sugars among children and adolescents is implicated in obesity and related comorbidities, including hypertension. However, sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), fruit juices, and whole fruit have different nutritional profiles and matrices, which may confer different effects on blood pressure. METHODS: GUTS (Growing Up Today Study) is a longitudinal cohort of 25 749 individuals (55% female) drawn from 2 enrollment waves, GUTS 1 (n=16 875; baseline 1996) and GUTS II (n=10 918; baseline 2004), followed up prospectively through 2021 (mean age at enrollment, 12 years; mean age at end of follow-up, 36 years). Participants provided updated information on lifestyle, health status, and habitual diet through validated food frequency questionnaires every 1 to 4 years. We conducted multivariable adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression models to estimate the associations of total fructose and SSB, fruit juice, and whole fruit intake (cumulative averages) with incident hypertension (hazard ratios [HRs] and 95% CIs), adjusting for major diet and lifestyle factors. We also modeled substitutions of SSBs or fruit juice with whole fruit, milk, and water. RESULTS: During up to 25 years of follow-up, 1625 participants (6.3%) reported a hypertension diagnosis. Total fructose intake was not associated with incident hypertension (highest versus lowest quintile HR, 1.07 [95% CI, 0.92, 1.25]; P(trend)<0.001). However, participants with the highest intake of SSBs (>/=2 servings/d versus <3 servings/week) and fruit juice (>/=1.5 servings/d versus <1 serving/wk) had a higher risk of hypertension (HR, 1.52 [95% CI, 1.27, 1.83]; P(trend)<0.001 and HR, 1.35 [95% CI, 1.06, 1.71]; P(trend)=0.018, respectively). In contrast, whole fruit was not associated with hypertension (highest versus lowest category HR, 0.79 [95% CI, 0.59, 1.05]; P(trend)=0.08). Replacing 1 serving/d of SSB with milk, water, or whole fruit was associated with a 13% (95% CI, 5%, 20%), 9% (95% CI, 3%, 15%), and 22% (95% CI, 11%, 31%) lower risk of hypertension, respectively. In addition, replacing fruit juice with whole fruit was associated with a 19% (95% CI, 3%, 32%) lower risk of hypertension. CONCLUSIONS: SSB and fruit juice intakes were positively associated with a higher risk of hypertension independently of overall diet quality, physical activity, and other factors. Our findings support public health guidelines to limit the overconsumption of SSBs and fruit juice starting in childhood to protect against the development of hypertension. FAU - Nguyen, Michelle AU - Nguyen M AD - Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine (M.N., A.J.H., C.S.B., J.L.S., V.S.M.). FAU - AlEssa, Hala B AU - AlEssa HB AD - Department of Nutrition (H.B.A., A.J.G., D.K.T., J.E.C., W.C.W., F.B.H., V.S.M.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA. AD - Department of Public Health Practice, College of Public Health, Kuwait University, Kuwait City (H.B.A.). FAU - Glenn, Andrea J AU - Glenn AJ AD - Department of Nutrition (H.B.A., A.J.G., D.K.T., J.E.C., W.C.W., F.B.H., V.S.M.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA. AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Studies, New York University, New York City (A.J.G.). FAU - Tobias, Deirdre K AU - Tobias DK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0020-9552 AD - Department of Nutrition (H.B.A., A.J.G., D.K.T., J.E.C., W.C.W., F.B.H., V.S.M.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA. AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine (D.K.T.), Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. FAU - Chavarro, Jorge E AU - Chavarro JE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4436-9630 AD - Department of Nutrition (H.B.A., A.J.G., D.K.T., J.E.C., W.C.W., F.B.H., V.S.M.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA. AD - Department of Epidemiology (J.E.C., W.C.W., F.B.H.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA. AD - Department of Medicine, Channing Division of Network Medicine (J.E.C., F.B.H.), Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. FAU - Willett, Walter C AU - Willett WC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1458-7597 AD - Department of Nutrition (H.B.A., A.J.G., D.K.T., J.E.C., W.C.W., F.B.H., V.S.M.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA. AD - Department of Epidemiology (J.E.C., W.C.W., F.B.H.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA. FAU - Hu, Frank B AU - Hu FB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8233-6274 AD - Department of Nutrition (H.B.A., A.J.G., D.K.T., J.E.C., W.C.W., F.B.H., V.S.M.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA. AD - Department of Epidemiology (J.E.C., W.C.W., F.B.H.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA. AD - Department of Medicine, Channing Division of Network Medicine (J.E.C., F.B.H.), Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. FAU - Hanley, Anthony J AU - Hanley AJ AD - Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine (M.N., A.J.H., C.S.B., J.L.S., V.S.M.). AD - Division of Endocrinology (A.J.H.), University of Toronto, ON Canada. AD - Leadership Sinai Centre for Diabetes, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada (A.J.H.). FAU - Birken, Catherine S AU - Birken CS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0308-8645 AD - Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine (M.N., A.J.H., C.S.B., J.L.S., V.S.M.). AD - Department of Paediatrics (C.S.B.), University of Toronto, ON Canada. AD - Department of Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine (C.S.B., J.L.S.), University of Toronto, ON Canada. AD - Child Health Evaluative Sciences, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada (C.S.B.). FAU - Sievenpiper, John L AU - Sievenpiper JL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3270-5772 AD - Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine (M.N., A.J.H., C.S.B., J.L.S., V.S.M.). AD - Department of Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine (C.S.B., J.L.S.), University of Toronto, ON Canada. AD - Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis & Clinical Trials Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada (J.L.S.). FAU - Malik, Vasanti S AU - Malik VS AD - Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine (M.N., A.J.H., C.S.B., J.L.S., V.S.M.). AD - Department of Nutrition (H.B.A., A.J.G., D.K.T., J.E.C., W.C.W., F.B.H., V.S.M.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA. LA - eng GR - U01 HL145386/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260622 PL - United States TA - Circulation JT - Circulation JID - 0147763 RN - 30237-26-4 (Fructose) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Fructose/adverse effects/administration & dosage MH - *Hypertension/epidemiology/diagnosis/etiology MH - Child MH - Prospective Studies MH - Male MH - *Sugar-Sweetened Beverages/adverse effects MH - Risk Factors MH - Adolescent MH - *Fruit and Vegetable Juices/adverse effects MH - Adult MH - *Beverages/adverse effects MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Young Adult MH - Fruit MH - Incidence PMC - PMC13288772 MID - NIHMS2176243 OTO - NOTNLM OT - fructose OT - fruit OT - fruit and vegetable juices OT - hypertension OT - sugar-sweetened beverages COIS- Dr AlEssa is supported by the 2017 Faculty Research grant at the Middle East Initiative, Harvard Kennedy School by the Kuwait Foundation for the Advancement of Sciences, and by the Cardiovascular Health Research Grant 2023 by the Kuwait Heart Foundation. Dr Tobias is funded by the National Institutes of Health/National Institute for National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases for related research. Dr Glenn has received travel support and/or honoraria from the Lawson Centre Nutrition Digital Series (University of Toronto), the Good Food Institute, Vinasoy, and the British Nutrition Society. Dr Hanley has received research grants from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Diabetes Canada, the Canadian Foundation for Innovation, the Canada Research Chairs Program, the Canadian Foundation for Innovation, and Dairy Farmers of Canada. Dr Sievenpiper has received research support from the Canadian Foundation for Innovation, Ontario Research Fund, Province of Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation and Science, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Diabetes Canada, American Society for Nutrition, National Honey Board (US Department of Agriculture honey "Checkoff" program), Institute for the Advancement of Food and Nutrition Sciences, Pulse Canada, Quaker Oats Center of Excellence, INC International Nut and Dried Fruit Council Foundation, The United Soybean Board (US Department of Agriculture soy "Checkoff" program), Protein Industries Canada (a government of Canada Global Innovation Cluster), Almond Board of California, European Fruit Juice Association, The Tate and Lyle Nutritional Research Fund at the University of Toronto, The Glycemic Control and Cardiovascular Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Fund at the University of Toronto (a fund established by the Alberta Pulse Growers), The Plant Protein Fund at the University of Toronto (a fund that has received contributions from IFF among other donors), The Plant Milk Fund at the University of Toronto (a fund established by the Karuna Foundation through Vegan Grants), and The Nutrition Trialists Network Fund at the University of Toronto (a fund established by donations from the Calorie Control Council, Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, and Login5 Foundation). He has received food donations to support randomized controlled trials from the Almond Board of California, California Walnut Commission, Danone, Nutrartis, Soylent, and Dairy Farmers of Canada. He has received travel support, speaker fees, and/or honoraria from FoodMinds LLC, Nestle, Abbott, General Mills, Nutrition Communications, International Food Information Council, Arab Beverage Association, International Sweeteners Association, Calorie Control Council, Phynova, International Stevia Council, Mantra Pharma Inc, Chinese Institute of Food Science and Technology, and Collaborative CME and Research Network. He has or has had ad hoc consulting arrangements with Almond Board of California, Perkins Coie LLP, Tate & Lyle, Ingredion, and Brightseed. He is on the Clinical Practice Guidelines Expert Committees of Diabetes Canada, European Association for the Study of Diabetes, Canadian Cardiovascular Society, and Obesity Canada/Canadian Association of Bariatric Physicians and Surgeons. He serves as an unpaid member of the Board of Trustees of the Institute for the Advancement of Food and Nutrition Sciences. He is a director at large of the Canadian Nutrition Society, founding member of the International Carbohydrate Quality Consortium, Executive Board member of the Diabetes and Nutrition Study Group of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes, and director of the Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials foundation. His spouse is a former employee of Nestle Health Science and AB InBev. Dr Malik has received funding from the Canada Research Chairs Program; Connaught New Researcher Award, University of Toronto; The Joannah & Brian Lawson Centre for Child Nutrition, University of Toronto; Temerty Faculty of Medicine Pathway Grant, University of Toronto; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Ontario Research Fund, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, National Institutes of Health, and has served as a consultant for the City and County of San Francisco for litigation related to health warning labels on SSBs and on the Robert Wood Johnson Healthy Eating Research Advisory Committee for child beverage guidance. Dr Birken received funding from Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Heart & Stroke Foundation of Canada, Physician Services Inc, The Edwin S.H. Leong Centre for Healthy Children, University of Toronto and Hospital for Sick Children, the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Joannah & Brian Lawson Centre for Child Nutrition, University of Toronto, and a Walmart Canada Regional Community Grant, administered through SickKids Foundation. The other authors report no conflicts. EDAT- 2026/06/22 06:45 MHDA- 2026/08/17 17:45 PMCR- 2026/06/24 CRDT- 2026/06/22 05:03 PHST- 2026/08/17 17:45 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/22 06:45 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/22 05:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.125.077666 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Circulation. 2026 Aug 18;154(7):612-623. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.125.077666. Epub 2026 Jun 22. PMID- 42324958 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260903 LR - 20260911 IS - 1536-4801 (Electronic) IS - 0277-2116 (Print) IS - 0277-2116 (Linking) VI - 83 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Development and validation of the new French ORALQUEST scale for evaluating feeding difficulties in young children. PG - 528-535 LID - 10.1002/jpn3.70491 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Feeding difficulties are common in children with and without somatic conditions. Our objective was to develop a parent-report questionnaire (ORALQUEST) designed to be administered by a professional and to assess feeding difficulties in children aged 9 months to 6 years. METHODS: The questionnaire explores four domains: eating behavior, oral skills, tactile and oral sensitivity, and family environment. A validation study was done in 338 children seen for feeding difficulties (n = 74) or receiving follow-up for conditions at risk for feeding difficulties (n = 264). We assessed the validity and reliability of the tool and we conducted a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis to determine the best total-score cutoff. RESULTS: The final version of the ORALQUEST has 40 items and produces a total score and four sub-scores. Structural validity, internal consistency, and reliability were excellent; convergent validity was good to acceptable but was challenging to assess given the absence of similar tools for comparisons. The optimal total-score cutoff was 27. Among children seen for feeding difficulties, 85% had a total score >/= 27. Total scores above the cutoff were less common than expected in children with chronic conditions (esophageal atresia, 39%; autism spectrum disorder, 42%; complex congenital heart disease, 29%; Robin sequence, 31%; and cleft palate, 18%). CONCLUSION: ORALQUEST for assessing feeding difficulties in young children demonstrated good psychometric properties in children with and without somatic conditions. The investigation by ORALQUEST of four domains may help to determine the best management strategy. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04133038 (Clinicaltrials.gov) https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04133038. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition and North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition. FAU - Thouvenin, Beatrice AU - Thouvenin B AD - General Paediatric Unit, Necker University Hospital, Paris, France. FAU - Ould-Ammar, Redha AU - Ould-Ammar R AD - Unit of Clinical Research, AP-HP, University Necker Hospital, Paris, France. FAU - Ouss, Lisa AU - Ouss L AD - Child Psychiatry Unit, Necker University Hospital, Paris, France. FAU - Gavelle, Pascale AU - Gavelle P AD - Maxillo Facial Surgery Unit, Necker University Hospital, Paris, France. FAU - Disnan, Giulia AU - Disnan G AD - Paediatric Surgery, Necker University Hospital, Paris, France. FAU - Royer, Aurelie AU - Royer A AD - General Paediatric Unit, Necker University Hospital, Paris, France. AD - Reference Centre for Rare Disease <>, Necker University Hospital, Paris, France. FAU - Vegas, Nancy AU - Vegas N AD - General Paediatric Unit, Necker University Hospital, Paris, France. AD - Reference Centre for Rare Disease <>, Necker University Hospital, Paris, France. AD - Paris Cite University, Paris, France. FAU - Fraysseix, Catherine du AU - Fraysseix CD AD - General Paediatric Unit, Necker University Hospital, Paris, France. FAU - Adnot, Pauline AU - Adnot P AD - General Paediatric Unit, Necker University Hospital, Paris, France. AD - Reference Centre for Rare Disease <>, Necker University Hospital, Paris, France. FAU - Barbieri, Valeria AU - Barbieri V AD - General Paediatric Unit, Necker University Hospital, Paris, France. FAU - Hassler, Christine AU - Hassler C AD - CESP Centre of Epidemiology and Population Health, INSERM, Villejuif, France. FAU - Elie, Caroline AU - Elie C AD - Unit of Clinical Research, AP-HP, University Necker Hospital, Paris, France. AD - Universite Paris Cite, Inserm, Pharmacologie et Evaluations Des Therapeutiques Chez L'enfant Et La Femme Enceinte, Paris, France. FAU - Barry, Caroline AU - Barry C AD - CESP Centre of Epidemiology and Population Health, INSERM, Villejuif, France. FAU - Abadie, Veronique AU - Abadie V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3525-1921 AD - General Paediatric Unit, Necker University Hospital, Paris, France. AD - Reference Centre for Rare Disease <>, Necker University Hospital, Paris, France. AD - Paris Cite University, Paris, France. AD - CESP Centre of Epidemiology and Population Health, INSERM, Villejuif, France. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT04133038 GR - Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de Paris/ PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260622 PL - United States TA - J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr JT - Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition JID - 8211545 SB - IM MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - Male MH - *Feeding and Eating Disorders of Childhood/diagnosis/psychology MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - Parents MH - Psychometrics MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - ROC Curve MH - Surveys and Questionnaires/standards PMC - PMC13539697 OTO - NOTNLM OT - assessment OT - pediatric nutrition OT - psychometric qualities COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/22 06:46 MHDA- 2026/09/03 17:36 PMCR- 2026/09/03 CRDT- 2026/06/22 04:23 PHST- 2026/05/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/11/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/03 17:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/22 06:46 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/22 04:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JPN370491 [pii] AID - 10.1002/jpn3.70491 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2026 Sep;83(3):528-535. doi: 10.1002/jpn3.70491. Epub 2026 Jun 22. PMID- 42324895 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260622 LR - 20260813 IS - 1097-0142 (Electronic) IS - 0008-543X (Print) IS - 0008-543X (Linking) VI - 132 IP - 13 DP - 2026 Jul 1 TI - Demographic, birth, parental characteristics, and the risk of early-onset colorectal cancer: A population-based nested case-control study in California. PG - e70458 LID - 10.1002/cncr.70458 [doi] LID - e70458 AB - BACKGROUND: The incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC), defined as colorectal cancer diagnosed before the age of 50 years, has been increasing. The relationship between demographic, birth, and parental characteristics and risk of EOCRC has not been elucidated. METHODS: This study included 1221 cases born and diagnosed with EOCRC at the age of 0 to 39 years in California during 1988 through 2021 and 61,050 frequency-matched controls based on birth year. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% CIs were estimated using multivariable logistic regression models. RESULTS: Based on multivariable analysis, males had 34% higher risk of EOCRC compared to females (OR = 1.34; 95% CI, 1.20-1.51), and Hispanic ethnicity was associated with 43% higher risk of EOCRC (OR for Hispanic versus non-Hispanic White = 1.34; 95% CI, 1.20-1.51). Having a foreign-born mother was associated with a lower risk of EOCRC (OR = 0.85; 95% CI, 0.73-0.97). Among females, every 500-g increase in birthweight was associated with 10% increase in EOCRC risk (OR = 1.10; 95% CI, 1.01-1.21) and having a father aged >/=35 years was associated with higher risk of EOCRC (OR = 1.56; 95% CI, 1.08-2.25). No other demographic, birth, and parental characteristic was significantly associated with risk of EOCRC. CONCLUSION: High birthweight, male sex, Hispanic ethnicity, and older paternal age are potential risk factors for EOCRC. Maternal birthplace, which is associated with diet, smoking patterns, other health-promoting characteristics, may be protective against EOCRC. These factors require future research for validation and evaluation of possible mechanisms. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Cancer published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Cancer Society. FAU - Siddique, Sunny AU - Siddique S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5746-1161 AD - Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA. FAU - Wang, Rong AU - Wang R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2169-4174 AD - Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA. FAU - Berardi, Domenica AU - Berardi D AD - Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA. FAU - Johnson, Caroline H AU - Johnson CH AD - Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA. FAU - Wiemels, Joseph L AU - Wiemels JL AD - Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA. FAU - Metayer, Catherine AU - Metayer C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3467-4145 AD - Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA. FAU - Ma, Xiaomei AU - Ma X AD - Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA. LA - eng GR - F31 CA281335/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - 2T32CA250803-06/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Cancer JT - Cancer JID - 0374236 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - California/epidemiology MH - *Colorectal Neoplasms/epidemiology MH - Male MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Risk Factors MH - Adult MH - Infant MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Adolescent MH - Child, Preschool MH - Child MH - Young Adult MH - Age of Onset MH - Parents MH - Birth Weight MH - Incidence MH - Paternal Age PMC - PMC13284631 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Hispanic ethnicity OT - birth characteristics OT - birthweight OT - colorectal cancer risk factors OT - early-life exposures OT - early-onset colorectal cancer OT - parental characteristics OT - paternal age OT - sex differences COIS- R.W. reported receiving grants from Flatiron Health outside the submitted work. X.M. reported receiving consultation fees from Bristol Myers Squibb outside the submitted work. EDAT- 2026/06/22 06:46 MHDA- 2026/06/22 13:42 PMCR- 2026/06/22 CRDT- 2026/06/22 03:12 PHST- 2026/04/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/11/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/22 13:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/22 06:46 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/22 03:12 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - CNCR70458 [pii] AID - 10.1002/cncr.70458 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cancer. 2026 Jul 1;132(13):e70458. doi: 10.1002/cncr.70458. PMID- 42324459 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260902 LR - 20260908 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 22 TI - Determinants of out-of-home food consumption: development and validation of a multidimensional scale in a Brazilian sample. LID - 10.1186/s12889-026-28251-x [doi] LID - 2509 AB - BACKGROUND: Out-of-home food consumption has become an integral component of contemporary dietary patterns, particularly in urban contexts. Evidence suggests that eating outside the home is associated with diet quality, nutritional intake, and broader public health outcomes. However, Brazil lacks validated multidimensional instruments capable of comprehensively assessing the economic, behavioral, and experiential determinants underlying this behavior. This study aimed to develop and validate the Scale of Determinant Factors in Out-of-Home Food Consumption (SDF-OHFC) and to examine the structural relationships among its dimensions. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 426 Brazilian adults who reported consuming food outside the home at least once per week. Data were collected through an online survey and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The measurement model was assessed for reliability, convergent and discriminant validity. Structural relationships were tested using bootstrapping procedures (5,000 resamples), and predictive performance was evaluated through R(2), Q(2), RMSE, and MAE. Measurement invariance was examined across sex, marital status, and geographic regions. RESULTS: The SDF-OHFC comprises five dimensions: economic aspects, convenience, habits and personal preferences, social and experiential aspects, and perceived food quality. The scale demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.705-0.762), composite reliability (> 0.70), and convergent validity (AVE > 0.50). All hypothesized structural relationships were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Economic aspects played a central antecedent role, positively influencing convenience and habits, and negatively influencing social and experiential aspects. Convenience and social and experiential dimensions were positively associated with perceived food quality. Structural invariance was confirmed across all tested demographic groups. CONCLUSIONS: The SDF-OHFC is a valid and reliable multidimensional instrument for assessing determinants of out-of-home food consumption in Brazil. By integrating economic, behavioral, and experiential factors within a single framework, the scale supports public health research and policy development aimed at improving urban food environments, promoting healthier eating practices, and addressing structural determinants of dietary behavior. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Lopes, Luis Felipe Dias AU - Lopes LFD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2438-0226 AD - Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil. lflopes67@yahoo.com.br. FAU - Pegoraro, Daniela AU - Pegoraro D AD - Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil. FAU - de Oliveira, Rayssa Cleide AU - de Oliveira RC AD - Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil. FAU - Lopes, Eduarda Grando AU - Lopes EG AD - Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil. FAU - Saragozo, Rosangela Arruda AU - Saragozo RA AD - Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil. FAU - da Silva, Deoclecio Junior Cardoso AU - da Silva DJC AD - Pontifical Catholic University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260622 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Brazil MH - Female MH - Male MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adult MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Middle Aged MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - Surveys and Questionnaires/standards MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Socioeconomic Factors PMC - PMC13536861 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Brazil OT - Eating behavior OT - Food environment OT - Out-of-home food consumption OT - Psychometric validation OT - Public health COIS- Declarations. Ethical approval and consent to participate: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards for research involving human participants. The research protocol was reviewed and approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Santa Maria, Brazil (Approval No. 4,469,026; CAAE: 40303720.5.0000.5346). All participants provided informed consent prior to participation. Data collection was anonymous, voluntary, and conducted in compliance with national and international ethical guidelines. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/22 00:43 MHDA- 2026/09/02 05:36 PMCR- 2026/06/22 CRDT- 2026/06/21 23:29 PHST- 2026/02/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/02 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/22 00:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/21 23:29 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-28251-x [pii] AID - 28251 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-28251-x [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2026 Jun 22;26(1):2509. doi: 10.1186/s12889-026-28251-x. PMID- 42323926 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260803 LR - 20260820 IS - 1873-2364 (Electronic) IS - 0960-8966 (Linking) VI - 65 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Systematic review of outcome measures in facioscapulohumeral dystrophy (FSHD): validated, usable, and feasible tools for assessing function, performance, and strength. PG - 106470 LID - S0960-8966(26)00138-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.nmd.2026.106470 [doi] AB - Facioscapulohumeral dystrophy (FSHD) is a dominantly inherited muscle-wasting condition with no approved therapies. Symptom variability complicates clinical evaluation, and despite the necessity of function-based measures to bridge research and real-world outcomes, no international consensus on a core assessment set exists. This systematic review evaluated the psychometric properties, feasibility, and comprehensiveness of published function-based outcome measures in FSHD, to help guide late-phase trials, and clinical practice. A systematic search of six databases with a data cut in January 2026 identified 366 studies and 51 outcome measures, which were appraised using the COSMIN framework. The results showed that while the FSHD Clinical Score, Clinical Severity Score, and 6-minute walk test are the most frequently utilised, no measure achieved higher than a 'Moderate' rating. Most supporting evidence remains 'Low,' with critical gaps identified for wheelchair users and paediatric populations. Digital outcome measures showed promise for improving responsiveness and enabling remote assessment.Our systematic review highlights an urgent need for a consensus-based approach to harmonize data together with international efforts such as MOVE/RESOLVE-FSHD providing direct support to upcoming initiatives like ENMC-FSHD-outcomes- workshop and the PaLaDIn project. Such efforts will allow researchers to enhance real-world evidence synthesis and improve success of future clinical trials. CI - Copyright (c) 2026. Published by Elsevier B.V. FAU - Hewamadduma, Channa AU - Hewamadduma C AD - Academic Unit of Neuromuscular Disorders, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, , UK; Sheffield Institute of Translational Neurosciences (SITRAN), School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, , UK. Electronic address: chewamadduma1@sheffield.ac.uk. FAU - Street, Jon AU - Street J AD - Academic Unit of Neuromuscular Disorders, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, , UK; Sheffield Institute of Translational Neurosciences (SITRAN), School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, , UK. FAU - Massey, Charlotte AU - Massey C AD - Sheffield Institute of Translational Neurosciences (SITRAN), School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, , UK. FAU - McDermott, Christopher J AU - McDermott CJ AD - Sheffield Institute of Translational Neurosciences (SITRAN), School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, , UK. FAU - Weatherley, Emma AU - Weatherley E AD - FSHD Global Research Foundation, Sydney, Australia. FAU - Voermans, Nicol C AU - Voermans NC AD - Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. FAU - Statland, Jeff AU - Statland J AD - Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA. FAU - Schoser, Benedikt AU - Schoser B AD - Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Department of Neurology LMU Clinic Munich, Munich, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20260611 PL - England TA - Neuromuscul Disord JT - Neuromuscular disorders : NMD JID - 9111470 SB - IM MH - *Muscular Dystrophy, Facioscapulohumeral/physiopathology/diagnosis/therapy MH - Humans MH - *Outcome Assessment, Health Care MH - *Muscle Strength MH - Psychometrics MH - Severity of Illness Index OTO - NOTNLM OT - COSMIN OT - FSHD OT - Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy OT - Outcome measures OT - Systematic review COIS- Declaration of competing interest CH: NCI/PI in clinical trials sponsored by UCB, Roche, Biogen, Avidity, Dyne, Argenx, JnJ, Remgen, Alexion, and Novartis and have received speaker honoraria and consultancy from UCB, Roche, Biogen, Avidity, Argenx, Alexion and Novartis. JS: received travel grant from FSHD Society CM: discloses the following conflicts of interest: Consultancy: Dyne therapeutics, Avidity, Lupin Neurosciences, Arthex Bio tech, PepGen. CJM: reports no conflicts of interest relevant to this work JS: received grant funding from NIH, CDC, MDA, FSHD Society, FSHD Canada, Friends of FSHD Research, ALSA; consultant or on scientific advisory board or steering committee for Avidity, Dyne, Roche, Novartis, Scholar Rock, Alnylam, Vertex, Souffle, Merck, and Sanofi NV: Consultancy: Avidity, Spolia, Astellas and Souffle (all financial compensation paid to her institution). BS: discloses the following conflicts of interest: Research support: DFG CAESAR, EU Horizon 2022 ComPASS; PaLaDIn; Entry-DM. Lecture support: Amicus, Alexion, Argenx, Astellas, Kedrion, Sanofi. Consultancy: Amicus, Astellas, Avidity, Denali, Dyne, Johnson&Johnson, Sanofi, Souffle, UCB. EDAT- 2026/06/21 22:33 MHDA- 2026/08/04 00:35 CRDT- 2026/06/21 17:59 PHST- 2026/04/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/04 00:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/21 22:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/21 17:59 [entrez] AID - S0960-8966(26)00138-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.nmd.2026.106470 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Neuromuscul Disord. 2026 Aug;65:106470. doi: 10.1016/j.nmd.2026.106470. Epub 2026 Jun 11. PMID- 42323690 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260911 LR - 20260913 IS - 1750-1172 (Electronic) IS - 1750-1172 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 20 TI - Karyotype-specific cardiovascular and metabolic profiles in Turner syndrome: a retrospective echocardiographic study. LID - 10.1186/s13023-026-04457-5 [doi] LID - 315 AB - BACKGROUND: Turner syndrome (TS) is associated with cardiovascular abnormalities and metabolic risk, but karyotype-specific phenotypes remain incompletely defined, particularly in pediatric and adolescent cohorts assessed by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study of 289 patients with TS evaluated between October 2016 and October 2023. Patients were grouped as 45,X monosomy (n = 149) or mosaic/structural karyotypes (n = 140). Baseline or preoperative TTE data were used. The primary endpoint was a clinically relevant structural cardiovascular disease (CVD) composite based on explicit baseline/preoperative diagnoses of major lesions; patent foramen ovale, isolated persistent left superior vena cava, and minor valve regurgitation were treated as descriptive findings. Aortic dilatation based on ASI > 20 mm/m(2) was analyzed separately as an aortic-size phenotype. RESULTS: The structural CVD composite was more frequent in the 45,X group than in the mosaic/structural group (49/149 [32.9%] vs. 26/140 [18.6%], p = 0.006). In multivariable logistic regression, 45,X remained associated with the structural CVD composite after adjustment for age, BMI, systolic blood pressure, LDL-C, and HOMA-IR (OR 1.88, 95% CI 1.05-3.35; p = 0.033). Aortic dilatation by ASI > 20 mm/m(2) did not differ significantly between groups (28.9% vs. 32.9%, p = 0.462). Elevated total cholesterol was more frequent in the 45,X group, and LDL-C was independently associated with the structural CVD composite. LVDD was modestly lower in the 45,X group (33.6 +/- 6.6 vs. 35.4 +/- 6.4 mm; p = 0.017). CONCLUSIONS: In this single-center TS cohort, 45,X monosomy was associated with a higher burden of clinically relevant structural cardiovascular abnormalities and an adverse lipid profile, whereas ASI-defined aortic dilatation alone did not differ significantly by karyotype. These findings support karyotype-aware cardiovascular surveillance, while underscoring the need for cautious interpretation of small TTE differences and validation in multicenter longitudinal studies. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Huang, Yinchun AU - Huang Y AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Jin Sui Road 9, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510623, China. FAU - Luo, Song AU - Luo S AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Jin Sui Road 9, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510623, China. FAU - Qi, Yiying AU - Qi Y AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Jin Sui Road 9, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510623, China. FAU - Qin, Shuang AU - Qin S AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Jin Sui Road 9, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510623, China. FAU - Yue, Chaomin AU - Yue C AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Jin Sui Road 9, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510623, China. FAU - Lu, Qinsheng AU - Lu Q AD - Division of Uterine Vascular Biology, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Jin Sui Road 9, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510623, China. FAU - Lash, Gendie E AU - Lash GE AD - Division of Uterine Vascular Biology, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Jin Sui Road 9, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510623, China. FAU - Li, Li AU - Li L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8832-0575 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Jin Sui Road 9, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510623, China. lilyli1973@126.com. LA - eng GR - 2023A1515010216/Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Guangdong Province/ GR - 2022B1515120074/Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province/ GR - 2024A03J1175/Guangzhou Science, Technology and Innovation Commission/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260620 PL - England TA - Orphanet J Rare Dis JT - Orphanet journal of rare diseases JID - 101266602 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Turner Syndrome/genetics/metabolism/diagnostic imaging MH - Female MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Echocardiography/methods MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adolescent MH - Karyotype MH - Child MH - Cardiovascular Diseases/genetics/metabolism MH - Karyotyping PMC - PMC13563905 OTO - NOTNLM OT - 45,X OT - Aortic size index OT - Cardiovascular disease OT - Dyslipidemia OT - Echocardiography OT - Karyotype OT - Mosaicism OT - Turner syndrome COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Scientific Research Ethics Committee of Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University (approval No. Sui Fu Er Ke Lun Pi Zi [2025] No. 261A01; approval date: 14 August 2025). Informed consent was obtained from participants and/or their legal guardians in accordance with the approved protocol. All data were analyzed in aggregate form without identifying individual participants. Consent for publication: Informed consent for the publication of data was obtained from all participants or their legal caregivers. Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/21 22:34 MHDA- 2026/09/11 05:36 PMCR- 2026/06/20 CRDT- 2026/06/20 23:27 PHST- 2025/12/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/11 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/21 22:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/20 23:27 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s13023-026-04457-5 [pii] AID - 4457 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s13023-026-04457-5 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2026 Jun 20;21(1):315. doi: 10.1186/s13023-026-04457-5. PMID- 42323577 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260902 LR - 20260917 IS - 1471-2431 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2431 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 20 TI - Evaluability and feasibility of an intervention combining gaming and social activities to improve mental wellbeing and health behaviour in adolescents facing social challenges. LID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07172-z [doi] LID - 821 AB - BACKGROUND: Adolescents in Denmark increasingly report poor mental wellbeing and health behaviour. Additionally, they spend less time being physically active and being with friends and more time on gaming and social media. The eHOOD intervention was developed to address physical and mental wellbeing of adolescents in vulnerable positions using their motivation for gaming to engage them in a community entailing physical and social activity, and education with peers. This study aimed to assess the evaluability of the eHOOD intervention, to develop an evaluation design, and to test the feasibility and acceptability of the evaluation design and the intervention. METHODS: Evaluability assessment was performed by a working group in a series of workshop-style meetings involving a literature review, creation of a theory of change, and preparation of an evaluation plan including outcome measures, instruments, and data collection procedures. Subsequently the evaluation design and the intervention were tested in a single arm feasibility study. Participants were 13 adolescents aged 13-16 years. The participants met with a coach and a local pedagogue in an after-school club four hours a week for 25 weeks practicing gaming, engaging in physical and social activities, and learning about healthy lifestyle habits through education and communal cooking and dining. Feasibility and acceptability of outcome measures, instruments, and data collection procedures were assessed, and initial changes in outcome measures were measured. Recruitment and retainment of participants were monitored, and participants' motivation for and benefits of participating were explored. Data were collected with qualitative and quantitative methods. RESULTS: An evaluation plan was developed and found to be suitable for use in the subsequent feasibility study. The evaluation design was overall feasible and acceptable, although several important adjustments to measurements and data collection procedures were identified. Initial changes in wellbeing were observed and the World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5) was deemed relevant as a primary outcome in future evaluation. The intervention was found feasible and acceptable among participants in the present format. CONCLUSIONS: This combined evaluability assessment and feasibility study suggests that the eHOOD intervention is ready for larger-scale evaluation, although refinements to outcome measures and data collection procedures are warranted before effectiveness can be evaluated. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, March 23, 2026. Identifier NCT07489365. Retrospectively registered. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Grew, Julie Christina AU - Grew JC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5770-9174 AD - Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Frederiksberg, Nordre Fasanvej 57, Hovedvejen 5, Frederiksberg, 2000, Denmark. julie.grew@regionh.dk. FAU - Gotzsche, Nina AU - Gotzsche N AD - Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Frederiksberg, Nordre Fasanvej 57, Hovedvejen 5, Frederiksberg, 2000, Denmark. FAU - Broberg, Lotte AU - Broberg L AD - Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Frederiksberg, Nordre Fasanvej 57, Hovedvejen 5, Frederiksberg, 2000, Denmark. AD - Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Slagelse Hospital, Faelledvej 14, Slagelse, 4200, Denmark. AD - Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, Copenhagen N, 2200, Denmark. FAU - Schiotz, Michaela Louise AU - Schiotz ML AD - Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Frederiksberg, Nordre Fasanvej 57, Hovedvejen 5, Frederiksberg, 2000, Denmark. AD - Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense M, 5230, Denmark. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT07489365 PT - Clinical Trial PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260620 PL - England TA - BMC Pediatr JT - BMC pediatrics JID - 100967804 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Adolescent Behavior/psychology MH - Denmark MH - Exercise/psychology MH - Feasibility Studies MH - *Health Behavior MH - *Health Promotion/methods MH - *Mental Health MH - Motivation MH - Program Evaluation MH - Psychological Well-Being MH - *Video Games/psychology PMC - PMC13536880 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Acceptability OT - Adolescents OT - Evaluability assessment OT - Evaluation design OT - Feasibility OT - Gaming OT - Loneliness OT - Mental wellbeing OT - Physical activity OT - Social activity COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The Danish Data Protection Agency assessed the study and categorized it as a quality improvement project, of which registration is redundant. The Regional Health Research Ethics Committees in the Capital Region of Denmark waived the need for ethical approval of the project (ref. no.: F-25073292). Informed consent to participate was obtained from the parents of the participants who were under the age of 16. One participant was 16 years old and, therefore, gave written informed consent herself. The study was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. All data were handled in accordance with the GDPR. The study was retrospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT07489365) on March 23, 2026. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/21 22:33 MHDA- 2026/09/02 05:36 PMCR- 2026/06/20 CRDT- 2026/06/20 23:24 PHST- 2026/03/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/02 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/21 22:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/20 23:24 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07172-z [pii] AID - 7172 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07172-z [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pediatr. 2026 Jun 20;26(1):821. doi: 10.1186/s12887-026-07172-z. PMID- 42322788 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260808 LR - 20260808 IS - 1872-8421 (Electronic) IS - 0165-5728 (Linking) VI - 419 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Brain volumetric changes in pediatric seronegative autoimmune encephalitis: A case-control study. PG - 579009 LID - S0165-5728(26)00158-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2026.579009 [doi] AB - Seronegative autoimmune encephalitis (SNAE) is an increasingly recognized entity in pediatric neurology, yet quantitative neuroimaging data remain scarce. This study aimed to evaluate regional brain volumetric differences between children diagnosed with SNAE and age- and sex-matched healthy controls using automated MRI volumetry. Fifteen children with SNAE (median age 12 years; 9 males, 6 females) and 45 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were enrolled. Three-dimensional T1-weighted MRI data were processed using the volBrain automated brain volumetry pipeline. Whole brain, grey matter, white matter, and subcortical structure volumes (thalamus, putamen, caudate, pallidum, hippocampus, amygdala, cerebellum, and brainstem) were compared between groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to determine the discriminative value of significantly different volumetric parameters. Patients with SNAE demonstrated significantly lower absolute grey matter, thalamus, putamen, and pallidum volumes compared with healthy controls after Bonferroni correction. Following ICV-normalization, only putamen and pallidum volumes remained significantly reduced in the patient group. ROC analyses demonstrated significant discriminative performance for several volumetric parameters, with putamen showing the numerically highest AUROC among absolute volumetric measures (AUROC = 0.875) and pallidum showing the highest AUROC among ICV-normalized measures (AUROC = 0.769). Pairwise DeLong comparisons revealed that the ROC performances of these parameters were statistically indistinguishable within this sample. Automated brain volumetry may provide quantitative information complementary to conventional MRI evaluation in pediatric SNAE. Larger prospective studies are needed to validate the clinical significance of these findings. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Deniz, Adnan AU - Deniz A AD - Department of Pediatric Neurology, Kocaeli City Hospital, Kocaeli, Turkiye. Electronic address: adnandeniz85@hotmail.com. FAU - Ozer, Torehan AU - Ozer T AD - Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkiye. FAU - Balci, Sibel AU - Balci S AD - Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Gunes, Ayfer Sakarya AU - Gunes AS AD - Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkiye. FAU - Orgun, Leman Tekin AU - Orgun LT AD - Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkiye. FAU - Anik, Yonca AU - Anik Y AD - Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkiye. FAU - Kara, Bulent AU - Kara B AD - Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260619 PL - Netherlands TA - J Neuroimmunol JT - Journal of neuroimmunology JID - 8109498 RN - Hashimoto's encephalitis SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Child MH - Male MH - *Brain/diagnostic imaging/pathology MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods MH - Adolescent MH - *Encephalitis/diagnostic imaging/pathology/blood MH - Organ Size MH - *Hashimoto Disease/diagnostic imaging/pathology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Brain volumetry OT - Cerebellum OT - MRI OT - Pediatric OT - Putamen OT - Seronegative autoimmune encephalitis OT - Subcortical structures COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/21 22:38 MHDA- 2026/08/09 00:43 CRDT- 2026/06/20 18:04 PHST- 2026/03/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/09 00:43 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/21 22:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/20 18:04 [entrez] AID - S0165-5728(26)00158-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2026.579009 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Neuroimmunol. 2026 Oct;419:579009. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2026.579009. Epub 2026 Jun 19. PMID- 42322639 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260620 LR - 20260620 IS - 1464-3502 (Electronic) IS - 0735-0414 (Linking) VI - 61 IP - 4 DP - 2026 May 13 TI - Interpretable machine learning for rare events: an inverse probability weighted application to understanding glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists use and incident alcohol-related disorder. LID - agag045 [pii] LID - 10.1093/alcalc/agag045 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Large administrative datasets enable investigation of rare outcomes, but accurate individual-level prediction remains challenging. Emerging evidence suggests that glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), used to treat diabetes and obesity, may reduce alcohol craving and intake. We examined predictors of incident alcohol-related disorder (ARD) using inverse probability-weighted (IPW) machine learning models, focusing on GLP-1 RA use. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the MarketScan Multi-State Medicaid Database (N = 96 460). Type 2 diabetic adults aged 18-64 years with GLP-1 RA prescription coverage (2022-2023) and no ARD in 2022 were included. Baseline variables included demographics, social risk factors (Z-codes), comorbidities, insurance characteristics, and GLP-1 RA use. Propensity scores were used to derive stabilized IPW weights to adjust for confounding in GLP-1 RA exposure. An Extreme Gradient Boosting model with IPW was trained using a 70/30 train-test split with five-fold cross-validation and probability calibration. Performance was evaluated using Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristics Curve (AUROC), recall, and precision. Model interpretability was assessed using SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP). RESULTS: GLP-1 RAs were used by 21.7% of individuals; 2.1% (N = 2004) developed incident ARD. The model demonstrated modest discrimination (AUROC = 0.67). Recall and precision were 0.28 and 0.05, respectively. SHAP analysis ranked GLP-1 RA use as the sixth most influential predictor and showed an association with lower predicted ARD risk. CONCLUSION: Predicting rare outcomes remains difficult, particularly for identifying positive cases. Interpretable machine learning identified GLP-1 RA use as an important feature associated with lower predicted ARD risk, warranting further investigation. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Medical Council on Alcohol and Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site-for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com. FAU - Gautam, Rinoj AU - Gautam R AD - College of Pharmacy, UNT Health, Fort Worth, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd, Fort Worth, TX 76107, United States. FAU - Wang, Hao AU - Wang H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5105-0951 AD - Department of Emergency Medicine, JPS Health Network, 1500 S. Main St., Fort Worth, TX 76104, United States. FAU - Zhou, Bo AU - Zhou B AD - College of Pharmacy, UNT Health, Fort Worth, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd, Fort Worth, TX 76107, United States. FAU - Neba, Rolake AU - Neba R AD - College of Pharmacy, UNT Health, Fort Worth, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd, Fort Worth, TX 76107, United States. FAU - Sambamoorthi, Usha AU - Sambamoorthi U AD - Health Outcomes Research and AI Innovation, Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy, Temple University, 1801 N. Broad St., Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States. LA - eng GR - 5S21MD012472-05/National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities through the Texas Center for Health Disparities (NIMHD)/ GR - 1OT2OD032581-01/National Institutes of Health/Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning Consortium to Advance Health Equity and Researcher Diversity/ PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Alcohol Alcohol JT - Alcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire) JID - 8310684 RN - 0 (Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists MH - *Machine Learning MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Female MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - Male MH - Predictive Learning Models MH - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy MH - *Alcohol-Related Disorders/epidemiology MH - Young Adult MH - United States/epidemiology MH - Adolescent MH - Prediction Algorithms MH - Probability MH - Boosting Machine Learning Algorithms OTO - NOTNLM OT - GLP-1 receptor agonists OT - Medicaid OT - alcohol-related disorder OT - inverse probability weighting OT - machine learning EDAT- 2026/06/21 22:34 MHDA- 2026/06/21 22:35 CRDT- 2026/06/20 14:33 PHST- 2026/03/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/21 22:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/21 22:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/20 14:33 [entrez] AID - 8712561 [pii] AID - 10.1093/alcalc/agag045 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Alcohol Alcohol. 2026 May 13;61(4):agag045. doi: 10.1093/alcalc/agag045. PMID- 42321595 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261012 LR - 20261014 IS - 1098-108X (Electronic) IS - 0276-3478 (Print) IS - 0276-3478 (Linking) VI - 59 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Comparative Properties of Two Self-Report Measures of Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder: Psychometric and Clinical Utility. PG - 2226-2236 LID - 10.1002/eat.70151 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: We compared two measures of Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID)-the NIAS and the PARDI-AR-Q to determine which demonstrates better psychometric and clinical utility. METHODS: The study was pre-registered (OSF; DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/N8WBF). Participants (aged >/= 18 years, BMI > 18.5) were recruited via Prolific and screened via a short written description of their fussy eating behaviors. After review, eligible participants (N = 156) were invited to complete a second online survey, consisting of the NIAS, PARDI-AR-Q, GAD-7, PHQ-9, CIA, and EDE-Q7. Exploratory factor analyses were conducted separately for the NIAS and PARDI-AR-Q dimensions, and then on combined items. Pearson's correlations examined associations within and across both ARFID measures. Categorical agreement between measures was examined. Correlations and multiple regressions determined the extent to which ARFID subscales accounted for variance across the broader clinical outcomes. RESULTS: All subscales within and across the NIAS and PARDI-AR-Q were significantly and positively correlated. The weakest association was observed between the NIAS Picky Eating subscale and the PARDI-AR-Q Sensory Sensitivity subscale-a pattern supported by the combined exploratory factor analysis, which yielded a four-factor model. The NIAS and PARDI-AR-Q showed significant, moderate case agreement. The PARDI-AR-Q showed much stronger evidence of clinical validity. DISCUSSION: Overall, the PARDI-AR-Q demonstrated greater clinical validity than the NIAS. The weak association between Picky Eating and Sensory Sensitivity suggests these measures capture distinct behavioral and motivational components of ARFID. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). International Journal of Eating Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Nicholls-Clow, Rebecca AU - Nicholls-Clow R AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-9941-5415 AD - School of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK. FAU - Prudenzi, Arianna AU - Prudenzi A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5185-2807 AD - School of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK. FAU - Waller, Glenn AU - Waller G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7794-9546 AD - Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260619 PL - United States TA - Int J Eat Disord JT - The International journal of eating disorders JID - 8111226 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Psychometrics MH - Female MH - Adult MH - Male MH - *Self Report MH - *Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder/diagnosis/psychology MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Middle Aged MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - *Feeding and Eating Disorders/diagnosis/psychology MH - Factor Analysis, Statistical PMC - PMC13655934 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) OT - NIAS OT - PARDI-AR-Q OT - clinical utility OT - eating disorders OT - psychometrics OT - self-report measures COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/20 00:37 MHDA- 2026/10/12 11:41 PMCR- 2026/10/12 CRDT- 2026/06/19 23:26 PHST- 2026/04/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/12 11:41 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/20 00:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/19 23:26 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - EAT70151 [pii] AID - 10.1002/eat.70151 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Eat Disord. 2026 Oct;59(10):2226-2236. doi: 10.1002/eat.70151. Epub 2026 Jun 19. PMID- 42321360 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260909 LR - 20261007 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 19 TI - Medicine ball throw distance weighted with height-to-mass ratio aligns with other physical fitness tasks. LID - 10.1038/s41598-026-58353-w [doi] LID - 28114 AB - The traditional Medicine Ball Throw (MBT(T)) for assessing upper-extremity explosive strength inherently favours heavier and taller participants. We designed three alternative indices to adjust for this anthropometric bias: (1) multiplying MBT(T) by the height-to-mass ratio (MBT(A1)), (2) dividing MBT(T) by the product of mass and height (MBT(A2)), and (3) dividing MBT(T) by the body mass index (MBT(A3)). Using age- and sex-adjusted LMS-based z-scores from two independent cohorts (821 children, aged 8.3 +/- 0.7 years; 354 adolescents, aged 14.4 +/- 2.2 years), we compared the variants' alignment with the concave BMI-profiles of five standard fitness tests (6-minute run, standing long jump, jump sideways, 4 x 10 m shuttle run, push-ups). The three anthropometrically enriched variants yielded significantly better goodness of fit than MBT(T) with MBT(A1) performing best overall. Furthermore, when deployed as independent covariates, the enriched indices demonstrated systematically higher predictive power for standard fitness tasks than the unadjusted distance. We recommend adjusting MBT(T) via the height-to-mass ratio for a fairer assessment, though its structural overlap with BMI requires caution in predictive models. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Jarnig, Gerald AU - Jarnig G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0885-5866 AD - Department of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, University of Graz, Mozartgasse 14, Graz, Austria. gerald.jarnig@uni-graz.at. FAU - Kliegl, Reinhold AU - Kliegl R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0180-8488 AD - Department of Sports and Health Sciences, Division of Training and Movement Sciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany. FAU - Kerbl, Reinhold AU - Kerbl R AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-3567-2877 AD - Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, LKH Hochsteiermark, Leoben, Austria. FAU - van Poppel, Mireille N M AU - van Poppel MNM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5694-4324 AD - Department of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, University of Graz, Mozartgasse 14, Graz, Austria. LA - eng GR - GZ:2025-0.021.608/Austrian Federal Ministry for Arts, Culture, Civil Service and Sport/ GR - GZ:2024-0.780.614/Austrian Federal Ministry of Education, Science and Research/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20260619 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Physical Fitness/physiology MH - Body Mass Index MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Male MH - Child MH - *Body Height MH - Exercise Test/methods MH - Anthropometry PMC - PMC13554187 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Anthropometry OT - Athletic performance OT - Height-to-mass ratio OT - Medicine ball throw OT - Model validation OT - Physical fitness OT - Upper body strength COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Institutional review board: The study was conducted according to the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the University of Graz, Styria, Austria (GZ. 39/68/63 ex 2021/22). Informed consent: Informed consent was obtained from all the subjects involved in the study. EDAT- 2026/06/20 00:37 MHDA- 2026/09/09 07:07 PMCR- 2026/06/19 CRDT- 2026/06/19 23:20 PHST- 2026/02/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/09 07:07 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/20 00:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/19 23:20 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-58353-w [pii] AID - 58353 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-58353-w [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2026 Jun 19;16(1):28114. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-58353-w. PMID- 42321344 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260909 LR - 20261005 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 19 TI - Associations of lifestyle and biological factors with body image among reproductive-aged women: a cross-sectional study. LID - 10.1038/s41598-026-56798-7 [doi] LID - 28125 AB - This study aimed to identify lifestyle and biological factors associated with body image among reproductive-aged women, focusing on physical activity, sedentary time, sleep, BMI, premenstrual symptoms (PMS), and sleep quality. A secondary aim was to explore interrelationships among these factors to contextualise their combined association with body image. In this cross-sectional online survey, 291 women aged 18-45 years participated (mean age: 27.16 +/- 0.36 years). Validated questionnaires were used to assess body image (Body Appreciation Scale), physical activity (Global Physical Activity Questionnaire), sleep quality (Sleep Quality Scale), BMI, and PMS (Premenstrual Assessment Form-Short Form). Data were analysed with IBM SPSS 28.0 using multivariable linear regression and correlation analyses (p < 0.05). Higher BMI, greater PMS severity, poorer sleep quality and longer sedentary time were significantly associated with lower body appreciation. Correlations were found between PMS and sleep quality (r = 0.309; p < 0.001), PMS and work-related moderate activity (r = 0.119; p = 0.043), and sleep quality and work-related moderate activity (r = 0.169; p = 0.004). No significant associations were observed for recreational physical activity with PMS (r=-0.041; p = 0.544) or sleep quality (r=-0.040; p = 0.498). Body image in reproductive-aged women was associated with both lifestyle behaviours and biological symptom burden. The findings suggest that supporting positive body image may benefit from integrated approaches addressing sedentary behaviour, sleep quality and menstrual health alongside weight-related factors. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Dozsa-Juhasz, Olivia AU - Dozsa-Juhasz O AD - Institute of Physiotherapy and Sport Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary. FAU - Premusz, Viktoria AU - Premusz V AD - Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary. FAU - Acs, Pongrac AU - Acs P AD - Physical Activity Research Group, Szentagothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary. FAU - Hock, Marta AU - Hock M AD - Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary. FAU - Makai, Alexandra AU - Makai A AD - Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary. alexandra.makai@etk.pte.hu. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260619 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Adult MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Body Image/psychology MH - *Life Style MH - Middle Aged MH - Body Mass Index MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Exercise MH - Sleep Quality MH - Sedentary Behavior MH - Premenstrual Syndrome/psychology MH - Sleep MH - Body Satisfaction PMC - PMC13554112 OTO - NOTNLM OT - 24-hour movement behaviours OT - Body image OT - Premenstrual syndrome OT - Sleep quality OT - Women's health COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was registered by the U.S. National Institute of Health (clinicaltrial.gov, Identifier: NCT06146673; date of registration: 23/11/2023) and approved by the Medical Research Council of Hungary (Identifier: BM/23899-1/2023). A research protocol adhering to the principles of the Helsinki Declaration was followed. Participants provided voluntary, uninfluenced consent for the anonymous use and publication of their data following appropriate information provision. EDAT- 2026/06/20 00:38 MHDA- 2026/09/09 07:07 PMCR- 2026/06/19 CRDT- 2026/06/19 23:19 PHST- 2025/11/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/09 07:07 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/20 00:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/19 23:19 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-56798-7 [pii] AID - 56798 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-56798-7 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2026 Jun 19;16(1):28125. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-56798-7. PMID- 42318005 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260619 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Machine learning-based prediction models for severe Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in Chinese children: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prediction model performance. PG - 1793116 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1793116 [doi] LID - 1793116 AB - OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to systematically evaluate the predictive performance and methodological characteristics of machine learning-based models for predicting progression to severe Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (SMPP) in pediatric patients. METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CNKI, and Wanfang databases from inception to November 2025 to identify studies developing or validating prediction models for SMPP in children. Data on study characteristics, modeling algorithms, predictors, and performance metrics were extracted. A narrative synthesis was performed to summarize model characteristics, predictors, and modeling approaches, while model discrimination was quantitatively synthesized using pooled area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Subgroup analyses were conducted according to modeling algorithms. Methodological quality and risk of bias were assessed using the PROBAST tool. RESULTS: A total of 13 studies were included. The reported prevalence of hypoglycemia ranged from 17 to 33%. The AUC for predictive models ranged from 0.81 to 0.90. Subgroup analyses showed that machine learning-based models such as XGBoost and random forest generally reported higher AUC values compared with other modeling approaches. Commonly reported predictors included age, insulin use, body mass index, HbA1c, creatinine, and history of hypoglycemia. CONCLUSION: Research on risk prediction models for SMPP in children is still at a developmental stage. Although current models demonstrate high discriminatory performance, methodological limitations and limited clinical translation remain. Future studies should focus on developing robust, interpretable machine learning models and facilitating their integration into pediatric clinical practice. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/ CRD42020190338. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Cao, Nie, Wu and Liu. FAU - Cao, Juan AU - Cao J AD - College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China. FAU - Nie, Jiao AU - Nie J AD - Department of Nursing, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China. FAU - Wu, Danxia AU - Wu D AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China. FAU - Liu, Huiqin AU - Liu H AD - The First College of Clinical Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Meta-Analysis PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20260603 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 RN - Chinese people SB - IM MH - Child MH - Humans MH - Boosting Machine Learning Algorithms MH - China/epidemiology MH - *Machine Learning MH - Mycoplasma pneumoniae MH - *Pneumonia, Mycoplasma/diagnosis/epidemiology MH - Predictive Learning Models MH - East Asian People PMC - PMC13272165 OTO - NOTNLM OT - machine learning OT - meta-analysis OT - pediatrics OT - prediction model OT - severe Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/19 06:32 MHDA- 2026/06/19 06:33 PMCR- 2026/06/03 CRDT- 2026/06/19 04:53 PHST- 2026/01/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/19 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/19 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/19 04:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1793116 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2026 Jun 3;14:1793116. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1793116. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42316462 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260619 LR - 20260813 IS - 1738-3684 (Print) IS - 1976-3026 (Electronic) IS - 1738-3684 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Paraben and Phthalate Exposure in Adolescents With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Case-Control Study. PG - 773-789 LID - 10.30773/pi.2025.0444 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: This case-control study compared urinary concentrations of parabens and phthalate metabolites between adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and healthy peers and examined whether product-use behaviors accounted for observed exposure differences. METHODS: Adolescents aged 12-17 years with clinically diagnosed ADHD (n=39) and age- and sex-matched healthy controls (n=41) were recruited. Urinary concentrations of seven parabens and ten phthalate metabolites were quantified using validated high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry protocols. ADHD symptoms were assessed using Conners Parent and Adolescent Rating Scales. Group comparisons were conducted using t-tests with effect sizes (Cohen's d). Multivariable logistic regression, factorial analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) models (reporting partial eta(2)), and multiple mediation analyses were performed, adjusting for household income, parental education, and body mass index. RESULTS: Differences in the urinary concentrations of several parabens and phthalate metabolites were observed between adolescents with ADHD and controls. However, detection frequencies varied across analytes, and findings for compounds with low detection frequency should be interpreted with caution. In multivariable logistic regression, an association between dimethyl phthalate and ADHD status was observed (odds ratio=6.13; 95% confidence interval, 1.10-34.34), with improved model discrimination (Deltachi(2)=17.2, p=0.002; area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.856-->0.921); however, this finding should be interpreted with caution given its low detection frequency. In ANCOVA models adjusting for product-use behaviors, group differences remained significant only for dimethyl phthalate (F(1, 71)=7.97, p=0.006, eta(2)=0.099); however, this finding should likewise be interpreted with caution due to its low detection frequency. Mediation analyses indicated that recent personal care product use did not substantially mediate the association between ADHD status and chemical exposure levels. CONCLUSION: Adolescents with ADHD showed differences in internal exposure to selected parabens and phthalate metabolites. These findings should be interpreted with caution, particularly for analytes with low detection frequency. Overall, these findings suggest that exposure differences may reflect behavior-linked vulnerability patterns during adolescence rather than short-term cosmetic use alone. Longitudinal studies are needed to clarify temporal and causal pathways. FAU - Terzioglu, Merve Aktas AU - Terzioglu MA AD - Pamukkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Denizli, Turkiye. merveaktasterzioglu@gmail.com. FAU - Patlar, Seyfiye AU - Patlar S AD - Pamukkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Denizli, Turkiye. FAU - Onac, Canan AU - Onac C AD - Pamukkale University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry and Advanced Technology Application and Research Center, Denizli, Turkiye. FAU - Cort, Aysegul AU - Cort A AD - Pamukkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Denizli, Turkiye. FAU - Ata, Melek Tunc AU - Ata MT AD - Pamukkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Denizli, Turkiye. LA - eng GR - 2023IAP003/Pamukkale University/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260608 PL - Korea (South) TA - Psychiatry Investig JT - Psychiatry investigation JID - 101242994 PMC - PMC13284555 OTO - NOTNLM OT - ADHD OT - Adolescent mental health OT - Paraben exposure OT - Personal care products OT - Phthalate exposure COIS- Conflicts of Interest The authors have no potential conflicts of interest to disclose. EDAT- 2026/06/19 06:33 MHDA- 2026/06/19 06:34 PMCR- 2026/06/01 CRDT- 2026/06/19 00:39 PHST- 2025/12/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/19 06:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/19 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/19 00:39 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - pi.2025.0444 [pii] AID - pi-2025-0444 [pii] AID - 10.30773/pi.2025.0444 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Psychiatry Investig. 2026 Jun;23(6):773-789. doi: 10.30773/pi.2025.0444. Epub 2026 Jun 8. PMID- 42316363 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260619 LR - 20260813 IS - 3059-4057 (Electronic) IS - 3059-4057 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 19 TI - Pulmonary adverse events associated with GLP-1 receptor agonists: a systematic review of respiratory safety signals. LID - 10.1186/s40842-026-00311-6 [doi] LID - 43 AB - BACKGROUND: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are among the most rapidly growing drug classes in contemporary medicine, approved for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity management. Although gastrointestinal adverse effects are well characterised, the pulmonary safety profile of GLP-1 RAs remains incompletely defined, representing an important evidence gap given the scale of global prescribing. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review aims to synthesise published evidence on respiratory adverse events temporally associated with GLP-1 RA therapy in adults, characterise their patterns and severity, appraise the risk of bias using validated design-appropriate tools, describe proposed pathophysiological mechanisms, and grade the certainty of evidence using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) framework. Given the heterogeneity of the included evidence-spanning case reports, pharmacovigilance analyses, and observational cohorts-this review is framed primarily as a signal-detection and evidence-mapping exercise rather than a causal-inference analysis. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Adults (>/= 18 years) receiving any approved GLP-1 RA for any indication. Eligible study designs included randomised controlled trials (RCTs), retrospective and prospective observational cohorts, pharmacovigilance disproportionality analyses, and case reports or series. Studies were excluded if they enrolled paediatric populations, involved animal or in vitro experiments, reported only metabolic or cardiovascular outcomes without respiratory adverse-event data, or were narrative reviews, editorials, or commentaries without primary data. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines (PROSPERO: CRD420261305875). PubMed, Embase, and Scopus were searched from inception to January 2026. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 (RoB2) tool for RCTs, the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for cohort studies, and Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklists for case reports, case series, and pharmacovigilance studies. GRADE was applied at the outcome-domain level; evidence from uncontrolled designs (case reports, case series, pharmacovigilance analyses) was initially rated very low certainty, as these designs are inherently uncontrolled and start below the lowest GRADE tier. Given substantial heterogeneity, meta-analytic pooling was not performed; a pre-specified narrative synthesis following the Synthesis Without Meta-Analysis (SWiM) reporting guideline was conducted. RESULTS: Nineteen studies met inclusion criteria: four RCTs (n = 1,884 participants), five retrospective cohort studies (n = 1,122,653 participants), three pharmacovigilance analyses (n = 498,892 spontaneous adverse-event reports), and seven case reports or case series (n = 13 patients). Spontaneous reports do not represent unique exposed individuals and were not pooled with participant counts. Risk of bias: all four RCTs were rated low risk by RoB2 (with some concerns for open-label outcome ascertainment in three trials, a domain-specific issue that does not alter the overall RoB2 category from low); three of five cohort studies were rated moderate and one high risk by NOS (one cohort study rating not reported, classified as not reported/unable to rate); all three pharmacovigilance studies were rated high risk by JBI; and case reports were rated as methodologically adequate by JBI, though these instruments cannot overcome the inherent anecdotal nature and very limited generalisability of single-case designs. Upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) were the most frequently reported adverse event (8 of 12 reporting studies, 66.7%), occurring at rates comparable to controls across RCTs (GRADE: MODERATE certainty). Pharmacovigilance analyses identified disproportionate reporting signals for dyspnoea and asthma-like events, particularly with exenatide, using the reporting odds ratio (ROR 2.14, 95% CI 1.88-2.43; Cazzola 2024); these signals are hypothesis-generating only and do not establish causality or incidence. Serious adverse events reported in temporal association with GLP-1 RA exposure included anaphylaxis with bronchospasm (n = 4 cases), acute eosinophilic pneumonia (n = 1), perioperative aspiration pneumonitis or pneumonia (multiple perioperative cases across two cohort studies and one case series), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS; n = 2, one fatal requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation [ECMO]), and spontaneous pneumomediastinum (n = 1). A large global retrospective cohort study (n = 331,863 matched patients; Henney 2024) demonstrated a potentially meaningful reduction in incident pneumonia with GLP-1 RAs compared with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors (hazard ratio [HR] 0.60, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.58-0.62; GRADE: LOW certainty); this finding should be interpreted cautiously given the retrospective design, active and non-inert comparator, and likelihood of residual confounding. Evidence certainty for serious respiratory events was very low, driven by sparse case reports and high-risk pharmacovigilance data. CONCLUSION: GLP-1 RA therapy has a respiratory safety profile that is neither uniformly benign nor hazardous, stratified by mechanism, agent subclass, and clinical context. Common upper airway symptoms are mild and comparable to controls. Rare but clinically consequential events-including anaphylaxis, eosinophilic pneumonia, perioperative aspiration, and ARDS-have been reported in temporal association with GLP-1 RA exposure, predominantly in case reports and pharmacovigilance data of very low certainty; these signals are hypothesis-generating and should not be interpreted as confirmed causal risks. Exendin-4-based agents (exenatide and lixisenatide) appear to carry the highest reported risk of hypersensitivity reactions, attributable to their non-human structural origin. Clinicians should maintain heightened awareness for aspiration risk in perioperative settings; individualised, extended pre-procedural fasting intervals calibrated to the specific agent's pharmacokinetic profile should be considered. Prospective, standardised, and adequately powered studies with pre-specified respiratory endpoints are required to move from signal detection to causal inference. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Ahuja, Aarushi AU - Ahuja A AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, Delhi, India. FAU - Prasad, Sai AU - Prasad S AD - Department of Internal Medicine, S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Navanagar, Bagalkote, Karnataka, 587102, India. saiprasad.jadi@gmail.com. FAU - Manoharan, Sahana AU - Manoharan S AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Tirunelveli Medical College, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India. FAU - Sen, Arya AU - Sen A AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College and Hospital Kolkata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India. FAU - Rana, Richa AU - Rana R AD - Department of Internal Medicine, GMERS Medical College Sola, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. FAU - Mody, Mansi AU - Mody M AD - Department of Internal Medicine, MP Shah Government Medical College, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India. FAU - Paras, Fnu AU - Paras F AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Government Medical College Patiala, Patiala, Punjab, India. FAU - Archita, Archita AU - Archita A AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan. FAU - Shaik, Sana AU - Shaik S AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia. FAU - Mehta, Kartik AU - Mehta K AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, Delhi, India. FAU - Manoj, Rachel AU - Manoj R AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova. FAU - Mishra, Prakashini AU - Mishra P AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Government Medical College, Chandigarh, India. FAU - Mehta, Subhi AU - Mehta S AD - Department of Internal Medicine, LLRM Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India. FAU - Kapoor, Pulkit AU - Kapoor P AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Punjab Institute of Medical Sciences, Jalandhar, Punjab, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260619 PL - England TA - Cardiovasc Diabetol Endocrinol Rep JT - Cardiovascular diabetology. Endocrinology reports JID - 9918994893106676 PMC - PMC13281493 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Aspiration pneumonia OT - Exenatide OT - GLP-1 receptor agonists OT - GRADE OT - Liraglutide OT - Pharmacovigilance OT - Pulmonary adverse events OT - Respiratory safety OT - Semaglutide OT - Systematic review COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Not applicable. This study is a systematic review of previously published data and does not involve human participants or patient-level identifiable data. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/19 06:33 MHDA- 2026/06/19 06:34 PMCR- 2026/06/19 CRDT- 2026/06/19 00:19 PHST- 2026/03/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/19 06:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/19 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/19 00:19 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s40842-026-00311-6 [pii] AID - 311 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s40842-026-00311-6 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cardiovasc Diabetol Endocrinol Rep. 2026 Jun 19;12(1):43. doi: 10.1186/s40842-026-00311-6. PMID- 42316345 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260903 LR - 20260905 IS - 1471-244X (Electronic) IS - 1471-244X (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 18 TI - Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among adolescents and youth in the aftermath of the Tigray war, 2024: prevalence and associated factors. LID - 10.1186/s12888-026-08284-7 [doi] LID - 687 AB - BACKGROUND: Suicide is a leading cause of death among adolescents and youth globally and represents an important public health concern in low- and middle-income and conflict-affected settings. Prior evidence from Ethiopia showed substantial levels of suicidal behavior among young populations even before the recent conflict. Exposure to war-related trauma, violence, displacement, and disruption of health and social systems may further increase the risk of suicidality among adolescents and youth. However, there is limited evidence regarding suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among adolescents and youth in post-war Tigray, Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among adolescents and youth in the aftermath of the Tigray War. METHODS: A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 599 adolescents and youth aged 15-24 years in post-war Tigray, Ethiopia, of whom 57.4% were female. Data were collected using validated tools assessing suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, and exposure to violence. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. RESULTS: The prevalence of suicidal ideation was 19.9% (95% CI: 16.7%, 23.3%), while the prevalence of suicide attempts was 9.7% (95% CI: 7.4%, 12.3%).Depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder were significantly associated with both suicidal ideation and attempts. Sexual abuse and witnessing physical violence increased the odds of suicidal Attempts. However, physical activity was protective against suicidal ideation. CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that suicidal ideation and suicidal attempts represent important mental health concerns among adolescents and youth in post-war Tigray. Depression, anxiety, PTSD symptoms, and trauma-related experiences were significantly associated with suicidality in this study. Given the cross-sectional nature of the study, causal relationships cannot be inferred. Nevertheless, the findings underscore the need for strengthened adolescent mental health services and trauma-informed support programs in conflict-affected settings. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Gebrehiwot, Tesfay Gebreslassie AU - Gebrehiwot TG AD - Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia. gslassie2023@gmail.com. FAU - Woldemariam, Guesh Teklu AU - Woldemariam GT AD - Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia. FAU - Tadese, Haileslassie Tesfay AU - Tadese HT AD - Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia. FAU - Gebremedhin, Haftom Tesfay AU - Gebremedhin HT AD - Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia. FAU - Beraki, Mulu Ftwi AU - Beraki MF AD - Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia. FAU - Berhe, Abadi Kidanemariam AU - Berhe AK AD - Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia. AD - Tigray Health Research Institute, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia. FAU - Gebremariam, Alem AU - Gebremariam A AD - Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia. AD - Tigray Health Research Institute, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia. FAU - Gebre, Yemane Gebremariam AU - Gebre YG AD - Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia. FAU - Alemseged, Embay Amare AU - Alemseged EA AD - Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia. FAU - Tesfau, Yemane Berhane AU - Tesfau YB AD - Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260618 PL - England TA - BMC Psychiatry JT - BMC psychiatry JID - 100968559 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Suicidal Ideation MH - Ethiopia/epidemiology MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - *Suicide, Attempted/statistics & numerical data/psychology MH - Prevalence MH - Male MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Young Adult MH - Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/epidemiology/psychology MH - Exposure to Violence/statistics & numerical data/psychology MH - Risk Factors MH - Depression/epidemiology MH - Anxiety/epidemiology PMC - PMC13539823 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Ethiopia OT - Post-war OT - Suicidal ideation OT - Suicide attempt OT - Tigray OT - Youth COIS- Declarations. Ethical approval and consent to participate: The study was conducted after Ethical approval was secured from the Adigrat University College of Medicine and Health Sciences Health Research Ethics Review Committee (Reference Number: ADU.CMHS/HRERC/0009/2024) and permission letters were secured from the relevant education offices. Written informed consent was obtained from participants, and assent was obtained from those under 18 years of age in accordance with ethical guidelines. All participants were assured that their involvement was voluntary, would not impact their academic standing, and that the confidentiality of their data would be strictly maintained. A trained and qualified facilitator was available on-site for students to consult with any study-related questions. During the data collection process, privacy was ensured through appropriate seating arrangements and supervision procedures to maintain confidentiality and minimize peer influence during questionnaire completion. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/19 06:32 MHDA- 2026/09/03 05:37 PMCR- 2026/06/18 CRDT- 2026/06/19 00:18 PHST- 2025/12/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/03 05:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/19 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/19 00:18 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12888-026-08284-7 [pii] AID - 8284 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12888-026-08284-7 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Psychiatry. 2026 Jun 18;26(1):687. doi: 10.1186/s12888-026-08284-7. PMID- 42316329 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260827 LR - 20260829 IS - 2055-5784 (Print) IS - 2055-5784 (Electronic) IS - 2055-5784 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 18 TI - The feasibility of a novel exercise therapy and activity modification intervention for patients with Sever's disease. LID - 10.1186/s40814-026-01850-6 [doi] LID - 125 AB - BACKGROUND: Sever's disease (calcaneal apophysitis) is a common cause of heel pain in physically active youth. Evidence-based treatment options are limited, with no consensus for the standard of care. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of delivering an intervention comprising exercise therapy and pain-guided activity modification for youth patients with Sever's disease and to describe patient symptoms, functional limitations, psychosocial factors, and ultrasound imaging findings to inform future clinical trials. METHODS: This single-cohort study enrolled patients between 7 and 17 years old with Sever's disease. Participants received a comprehensive 12-week intervention combining daily Achilles-tendon loading exercises, activity modification using a pain-monitoring model, and patient education. Training diaries were provided to monitor adherence, daily activities, and pain. Feasibility was assessed via recruitment and retention rates, daily activity modification adherence, rehabilitation adherence, and safety. Secondary outcomes (patient-reported outcome measures, functional test battery, and ultrasound imaging) were collected at baseline and at 4-, 8-, and 12 weeks and were reported descriptively to characterize the biopsychosocial burden of the condition and inform selection of outcomes and hypotheses for future clinical trials. RESULTS: Of the 13 participants enrolled (7F/6 M, (mean +/- SD) age 11.5 +/- 2.5 years, BMI 21.6 +/- 4.6 kg/m(2)), recruitment and retention rate was 65% and 69%, respectively. Activity modification adherence was 91 +/- 28% (range 37-100%), and rehabilitation adherence was 91 +/- 25% (range 25-100%). Three adverse events occurred and each was unrelated to participation. All participants expressed satisfaction with the intervention (75% [10/10] very satisfied). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support that this exercise therapy and activity modification intervention is feasible, safe, and appropriate for the treatment of Sever's disease. Intervention satisfaction ratings and favorable global rating of change scores reported imply that educating patients to use a pain-monitoring model, allowing for modified physical activity, is not detrimental to patients with Sever's disease. A larger randomized controlled trial is warranted to evaluate the effectiveness of this intervention. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04816188. Registered 18th of March, 2021 retrospectively. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Hanlon, Shawn L AU - Hanlon SL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5866-9853 AD - Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Fullerton, CA, USA. shanlon@fullerton.edu. AD - Department of Physical Therapy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA. shanlon@fullerton.edu. FAU - Seymore, Kayla D AU - Seymore KD AD - Department of Physical Therapy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA. FAU - Potter, Morgan N AU - Potter MN AD - Department of Physical Therapy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA. FAU - Bley, Bradley C AU - Bley BC AD - Delaware Sports Medicine, Wilmington, DE, USA. FAU - Silbernagel, Karin Gravare AU - Silbernagel KG AD - Department of Physical Therapy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT04816188 GR - 001_2021/Eastern Athletic Trainer's Association/ GR - R01AR07203401/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/United States GR - T32HD007490/Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development/ GR - 1920DGP08/National Athletic Trainer's Association Research and Education Foundation/ GR - R01 AR072034/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 HD007490/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States GR - R01AR07203401/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260618 PL - England TA - Pilot Feasibility Stud JT - Pilot and feasibility studies JID - 101676536 PMC - PMC13520403 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Apophysitis OT - Overuse injury OT - Pediatric OT - Treatment OT - Ultrasound COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the University of Delaware Institutional Review Board (ID: 1652996-3) and is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT04816188). Written parental permission and child assent were required for all participants before enrollment. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: All authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/19 06:33 MHDA- 2026/06/19 06:34 PMCR- 2026/06/18 CRDT- 2026/06/19 00:17 PHST- 2024/11/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/19 06:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/19 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/19 00:17 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s40814-026-01850-6 [pii] AID - 1850 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s40814-026-01850-6 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Pilot Feasibility Stud. 2026 Jun 18;12(1):125. doi: 10.1186/s40814-026-01850-6. PMID- 42316104 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260828 LR - 20260830 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 18 TI - Consumption of ultra-processed foods and associated factors in Spanish children aged 8-12 years: a cross-sectional analysis within the INMA cohort study. LID - 10.1186/s12889-026-28008-6 [doi] LID - 2471 AB - BACKGROUND: The consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) has been associated with adverse health effects. The predictors of consumption, particularly in high-intake groups like children and adolescents, are scarcely understood. METHODS: We evaluated UPF consumption and associated factors among male and female Spanish children aged 8-12 years participating in the INMA birth cohort. We cross-sectionally analyzed data from 1565 mother-child pairs at age 8 and 314 pairs at age 12. Children's diets were assessed using validated food frequency questionnaires. UPF consumption was defined using the NOVA classification and categorized into tertiles. The associations between maternal-child characteristics and children's UPF consumption were analyzed using multinomial logistic regression to estimate relative risk ratios (RRR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). RESULTS: At age 8, high UPF consumption was associated with low maternal social class, RRR = 2.22 (1.46-3.37), moderate maternal UPF consumption during pregnancy, RRR = 1.87 (1.35-2.58), high maternal UPF consumption during pregnancy, RRR = 3.47 (2.40-4.99), being male, RRR = 1.76 (1.34-2.30), and high children's TV viewing, RRR = 1.76 (1.19-2.60). At age 12, high UPF consumption was associated with high maternal UPF consumption during pregnancy, RRR = 3.09 (1.27-7.50), and high children's TV viewing, RRR = 2.34 (1.05-5.21), although it was inversely associated with maternal university education, RRR = 0.21 (0.06-0.69), and high children's physical activity, RRR = 0.43 (0.20-0.93). CONCLUSIONS: Maternal factors such as high UPF consumption during pregnancy, low social class and low education level, and low physical activity and TV watching during childhood and adolescence, were predictors of higher UPF consumption at the age of 8 and 12 years. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Compan-Gabucio, Laura-Maria AU - Compan-Gabucio LM AD - Grupo de Epidemiologia de la Nutricion, Universidad Miguel Hernandez (UMH), Sant Joan d'Alacant, Alicante, Valencian Community, 03550, Spain. AD - Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria y Biomedica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Valencian Community, Alicante, Valencian Community, 03010, Spain. AD - Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Community of Madrid, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Community of Madrid, Madrid, 28029, Spain. AD - Department of Surgery and Pathology, Miguel Hernandez University, Sant Joan d'Alacant, Valencian Community, Alicante, 03550, Spain. FAU - Oncina-Canovas, Alejandro AU - Oncina-Canovas A AD - Grupo de Epidemiologia de la Nutricion, Universidad Miguel Hernandez (UMH), Sant Joan d'Alacant, Alicante, Valencian Community, 03550, Spain. AD - Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria y Biomedica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Valencian Community, Alicante, Valencian Community, 03010, Spain. AD - Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Community of Madrid, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Community of Madrid, Madrid, 28029, Spain. FAU - Torres-Collado, Laura AU - Torres-Collado L AD - Grupo de Epidemiologia de la Nutricion, Universidad Miguel Hernandez (UMH), Sant Joan d'Alacant, Alicante, Valencian Community, 03550, Spain. AD - Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria y Biomedica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Valencian Community, Alicante, Valencian Community, 03010, Spain. AD - Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Community of Madrid, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Community of Madrid, Madrid, 28029, Spain. FAU - Fernandez-Tardon, Guillermo AU - Fernandez-Tardon G AD - Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Community of Madrid, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Community of Madrid, Madrid, 28029, Spain. AD - Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Asturias, Asturias, Principality of Asturias, Oviedo, 33011, Spain. AD - Faculty of Medicine, Community of Madrid, Universidad Nebrija, Hoyo de Manzanares, Community of Madrid, Madrid, 28015, Spain. FAU - Tardon, Adonina AU - Tardon A AD - Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Asturias, Asturias, Principality of Asturias, Oviedo, 33011, Spain. AD - Faculty of Medicine, Community of Madrid, Universidad Nebrija, Hoyo de Manzanares, Community of Madrid, Madrid, 28015, Spain. FAU - Santa-Marina Rodriguez, Loreto AU - Santa-Marina Rodriguez L AD - Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Community of Madrid, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Community of Madrid, Madrid, 28029, Spain. FAU - Barroeta, Ziortza AU - Barroeta Z AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Basque Country, Leioa, Biscay, Basque Country, 48940, Spain. FAU - Vrijheid, Martine AU - Vrijheid M AD - Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Community of Madrid, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Community of Madrid, Madrid, 28029, Spain. AD - ISGlobal, Barcelona, Catalonia, 08036, Spain. AD - Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Catalonia, 08005, Spain. FAU - Warkentin, Sarah AU - Warkentin S AD - Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Community of Madrid, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Community of Madrid, Madrid, 28029, Spain. AD - ISGlobal, Barcelona, Catalonia, 08036, Spain. AD - Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Catalonia, 08005, Spain. FAU - Llop, Sabrina AU - Llop S AD - Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Community of Madrid, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Community of Madrid, Madrid, 28029, Spain. AD - Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO, Valencian Community, Valencian Community, Valencia, 46020, Spain. FAU - Soler-Blasco, Raquel AU - Soler-Blasco R AD - Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Community of Madrid, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Community of Madrid, Madrid, 28029, Spain. AD - Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO, Valencian Community, Valencian Community, Valencia, 46020, Spain. FAU - Ojeda-Belokon, Carolina AU - Ojeda-Belokon C AD - Grupo de Epidemiologia de la Nutricion, Universidad Miguel Hernandez (UMH), Sant Joan d'Alacant, Alicante, Valencian Community, 03550, Spain. AD - Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria y Biomedica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Valencian Community, Alicante, Valencian Community, 03010, Spain. AD - Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Community of Madrid, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Community of Madrid, Madrid, 28029, Spain. FAU - Garcia-de-la-Hera, Manuela AU - Garcia-de-la-Hera M AD - Grupo de Epidemiologia de la Nutricion, Universidad Miguel Hernandez (UMH), Sant Joan d'Alacant, Alicante, Valencian Community, 03550, Spain. AD - Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria y Biomedica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Valencian Community, Alicante, Valencian Community, 03010, Spain. AD - Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Community of Madrid, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Community of Madrid, Madrid, 28029, Spain. FAU - Vioque, Jesus AU - Vioque J AD - Grupo de Epidemiologia de la Nutricion, Universidad Miguel Hernandez (UMH), Sant Joan d'Alacant, Alicante, Valencian Community, 03550, Spain. vioque@umh.es. AD - Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria y Biomedica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Valencian Community, Alicante, Valencian Community, 03010, Spain. vioque@umh.es. AD - Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Community of Madrid, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Community of Madrid, Madrid, 28029, Spain. vioque@umh.es. AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Basque Country, Leioa, Biscay, Basque Country, 48940, Spain. vioque@umh.es. AD - H feminine de la Ciencia y Ginecologia, Facultad de Medicina, Avda. Ramon y Cajal s/n. 03550-Sant Joan d'Alacant, Valencian Community, Alicante, Spain. vioque@umh.es. FAU - Gonzalez-Palacios, Sandra AU - Gonzalez-Palacios S AD - Grupo de Epidemiologia de la Nutricion, Universidad Miguel Hernandez (UMH), Sant Joan d'Alacant, Alicante, Valencian Community, 03550, Spain. AD - Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria y Biomedica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Valencian Community, Alicante, Valencian Community, 03010, Spain. AD - Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Community of Madrid, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Community of Madrid, Madrid, 28029, Spain. LA - eng GR - CEX2023-0001290-S/MCIN/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033, and support from the Generalitat de Catalunya/ GR - 2021 BP 00058/Agency for Management of University and Research Grants with a Beatriu de Pinos post-doctoral fellowship/ GR - CIGE2023/142/Generalitat Valenciana/ GR - PROMETEO-CIPROM/2024/66/Generalitat Valenciana/ GR - grant code PN22_CGE45/General Council of Official Nursing Boards of Spain and the Spanish Institute of Nursing Research/ GR - 04-541-6-2024-0153-N/"Personal Investigador en Formacion" from the "Universidad Miguel Hernandez de Elche"/ GR - PI11/01007/Instituto de Salud Carlos III/ GR - Project PI23/01568/Instituto de Salud Carlos III/ GR - ESP24PI02/2024/Consorcio Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260618 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Female MH - Spain MH - Male MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Fast Foods/statistics & numerical data MH - *Diet/statistics & numerical data MH - Cohort Studies MH - Birth Cohort PMC - PMC13523201 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescents OT - Birth cohort study OT - Children OT - Determinants OT - Sex-specific OT - Ultra-Processed Foods COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: All pregnant women provided written informed consent prior to their inclusion in the study. In the case of their offspring, written informed consent was obtained from their parents or legal guardians. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments. The study protocol was approved by the following Ethics Committees: the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Hospital Universitario La Fe (Valencia, Spain); the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Area Sanitaria de Gipuzkoa (Gipuzkoa, Spain); the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Parc de Salut del Mar (Barcelona, Spain); and the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of the Principado de Asturias (Spain). The present work was additionally approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of the Alicante Health Department - Hospital General (Ref.: PI2024-087, June 19, 2024). Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/19 06:33 MHDA- 2026/08/28 11:46 PMCR- 2026/06/18 CRDT- 2026/06/19 00:07 PHST- 2026/03/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/28 11:46 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/19 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/19 00:07 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-28008-6 [pii] AID - 28008 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-28008-6 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2026 Jun 18;26(1):2471. doi: 10.1186/s12889-026-28008-6. PMID- 42316044 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260827 LR - 20260829 IS - 1471-2393 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2393 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 18 TI - Machine learning to improve the prediction of Large for Gestational Age (LGA) neonates: a cohort study. LID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09411-8 [doi] LID - 956 AB - BACKGROUND: Prediction of Large for Gestational Age (LGA) risk is important as it can enable earlier, more effective interventions, and avoid or mitigate cumulative injury to both mother and baby at the time of delivery. The goal of this research is to improve the prediction of LGA using machine learning (ML) models and variables that are widely available as that allow for broad intervention in late pregnancy and during delivery. METHODS: An improved prediction of LGA was achieved using twelve ML models with hyperparameter optimization. Also, to improve the LGA prediction a data augmentation method was employed in the training set. Additionally, improvement in LGA prediction was obtained with four variable selection methods employed to identify the most significant variables. To rank the best models on the validation set after training, the Area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUROC) was used. Finally, to assess the generalization performance, the best models were evaluated on the test set. RESULTS: Our method enabled us to identify several models with high sensitivity and specificity. The best models included those that achieved a sensitivity of 0.84, a specificity of 0.84, an accuracy of 0.84, and AUCROC 0.83, requiring 14 variables. Another model reached an accuracy of 0.87, a sensitivity of 0.71, and a specificity of 0.90 with an AUCROC of 0.83 (14 variables). Additionally, a model with a sensitivity of 0.58, the same as that described by Hadlock et al. [1] for ultrasound, required 10 variables, and reached an accuracy of 0.91, a specificity of 0.97, and an AUCROC of 0.86. Both models included maternal BMI (body mass index), First Control, Maternal Weight, BMI Last Control, and EFW (estimated fetal weight) as the most important variables. CONCLUSIONS: The main contributions of our study include the prediction of LGA using data obtained from standard clinical evaluations during prenatal care, as well as the development ML models, tuning the hyperparameters to improve prediction results, thus achieving high levels of sensitivity and specificity. To achieve optimal LGA prediction outcomes across different models, a data augmentation approach is introduced, an important improvement in LGA prediction over using only Hadlock's ultrasound formula. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Cubillos, Gabriel AU - Cubillos G AD - Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidad de Chile, Av. Tupper 2007, Santiago, 8370451, Chile. AD - IMPACT, Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy, Santiago, Chile. FAU - Monckeberg, Max AU - Monckeberg M AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, San Carlos de Apoquindo 2200, Santiago, 7620001, Chile. FAU - Plaza, Alejandra AU - Plaza A AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, San Carlos de Apoquindo 2200, Santiago, 7620001, Chile. FAU - Morgan, Maria AU - Morgan M AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, San Carlos de Apoquindo 2200, Santiago, 7620001, Chile. FAU - Estevez, Pablo A AU - Estevez PA AD - Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidad de Chile, Av. Tupper 2007, Santiago, 8370451, Chile. AD - IMPACT, Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy, Santiago, Chile. FAU - Choolani, Mahesh AU - Choolani M AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 12, Singapore, 119228, Singapore. FAU - Kemp, Matthew W AU - Kemp MW AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 12, Singapore, 119228, Singapore. FAU - Li, Sarah W L AU - Li SWL AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 12, Singapore, 119228, Singapore. FAU - Illanes, Sebastian E AU - Illanes SE AD - IMPACT, Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy, Santiago, Chile. sillanes@uandes.cl. AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, San Carlos de Apoquindo 2200, Santiago, 7620001, Chile. sillanes@uandes.cl. AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 12, Singapore, 119228, Singapore. sillanes@uandes.cl. FAU - Perez, Claudio A AU - Perez CA AD - Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidad de Chile, Av. Tupper 2007, Santiago, 8370451, Chile. clperez@ing.uchile.cl. AD - IMPACT, Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy, Santiago, Chile. clperez@ing.uchile.cl. LA - eng GR - IMPACT, #FB210024/Agencia Nacional de Investigacion y Desarrollo (ANID)/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260618 PL - England TA - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth JT - BMC pregnancy and childbirth JID - 100967799 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *Infant, Large for Gestational Age MH - Predictive Learning Models MH - Infant, Newborn MH - *Machine Learning MH - Prediction Algorithms MH - ROC Curve MH - Sensitivity and Specificity MH - Gestational Age MH - Cohort Studies MH - Area Under Curve MH - Adult MH - Classification Algorithms MH - Ultrasonography, Prenatal MH - *Fetal Macrosomia/diagnosis PMC - PMC13520273 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Commonly accessible variables OT - Data augmentation techniques OT - LGA prediction OT - Large for Gestational Age (LGA) OT - Machine learning algorithms OT - Ultrasound COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The data usage was approved by the by the institutional review board (IRB) of Hospital Parroquial de San Bernardo, Santiago, Chile, who determined that the research does not involve human subjects because the study uses previously collected, de-identified data. The "Comite de Etica del Hospital Parroquial de San Bernardo" waived the need for informed consent. All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/19 06:32 MHDA- 2026/08/27 05:35 PMCR- 2026/06/18 CRDT- 2026/06/19 00:05 PHST- 2024/09/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/27 05:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/19 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/19 00:05 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09411-8 [pii] AID - 9411 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09411-8 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2026 Jun 18;26(1):956. doi: 10.1186/s12884-026-09411-8. PMID- 42315960 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260910 LR - 20261008 IS - 1476-5640 (Electronic) IS - 0954-3007 (Linking) VI - 80 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Comparative machine learning modeling of resting energy expenditure estimation in mechanically ventilated children after cardiac surgery. PG - 949-957 LID - 10.1038/s41430-026-01775-6 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Nutrition status is vital for children's recovery following cardiac surgery, with substantial inter-individual variability in metabolic demands. We aimed to develop machine learning (ML) models of postoperative resting energy expenditure (REE) by analysing the influential factors. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed children who underwent indirect calorimetry (IC) for valid REE measurements within 4 to 24 h after cardiac surgery between January 2021 and December 2022 at our center. Nine ML algorithms were trained to predict REE. Bland-Altman analysis assessed agreement with measured REE, and SHAP was used for population-level interpretation and a representative patient case. RESULTS: A total of 278 mechanically ventilated children were analyzed. REE measured by IC ranged from 387 to 2642 kcal/d (715 [550, 964]). The root mean square error (RMSE) of the ML models ranged from 226 (95% CI: 184-267) to 281 (95% CI: 225-344) kcal/d, while the range for conventional equations was 249 (95% CI: 215-287) to 282 (95% CI: 252-315) kcal/d. Regularized linear models achieved the highest R(2) of 0.64 (95% CI: 0.49-0.76). The top 10 most important variables associated with REE in the optimal model are weight, age, height, preoperative serum albumin, preoperative CK-MB, vasoactive inotropic score (VIS), CPB time, postoperative LVEDD Z-score, gender, and postoperative NT-proBNP. CONCLUSIONS: This study developed ML models to predict REE in children after cardiac surgery, with some models outperforming conventional equations. These findings highlight the potential of machine learning to optimize postoperative nutritional management by accurately capturing the non-linear metabolic response to surgical stress. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited. FAU - Li, Chenyu AU - Li C AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-0211-0441 AD - Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease and Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Zhu, Zhiyuan AU - Zhu Z AD - Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease and Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Wang, Shilin AU - Wang S AD - Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease and Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Li, Chao AU - Li C AD - Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. FAU - Lu, Zhongyuan AU - Lu Z AD - Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease and Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Chen, Qinnan AU - Chen Q AD - Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease and Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Wang, Xu AU - Wang X AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4887-3367 AD - Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease and Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. fwpicu@163.com. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260618 PL - England TA - Eur J Clin Nutr JT - European journal of clinical nutrition JID - 8804070 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Machine Learning MH - *Respiration, Artificial MH - Male MH - *Cardiac Surgical Procedures MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Calorimetry, Indirect MH - Child, Preschool MH - Infant MH - *Basal Metabolism/physiology MH - Postoperative Period MH - Child MH - Nutritional Status MH - Predictive Learning Models MH - *Energy Metabolism COIS- Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Ethical approval: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Fuwai Hospital in 2022 (ID: 2022-1859). This study complied with the ethical principles laid out in the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2008. Informed consent: In this study, the ethics committee approved the waiver of informed consent. EDAT- 2026/06/19 00:36 MHDA- 2026/09/10 05:37 CRDT- 2026/06/18 23:34 PHST- 2025/08/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/10 05:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/19 00:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/18 23:34 [entrez] AID - 10.1038/s41430-026-01775-6 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41430-026-01775-6 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Clin Nutr. 2026 Sep;80(9):949-957. doi: 10.1038/s41430-026-01775-6. Epub 2026 Jun 18. PMID- 42315803 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260618 LR - 20260922 IS - 2730-7174 (Electronic) IS - 2730-7166 (Print) IS - 2730-7166 (Linking) VI - 54 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Jun 18 TI - Feasibility and Acceptability of a Smartphone and Wearable Assessment Protocol for Adolescents with Depression. LID - 10.1007/s10802-026-01464-9 [doi] LID - 78 AB - Smartphones and wearables are low-burden tools for assessing real-time mood and behavior. Although these methods have been used with adolescents for behavioral tracking (e.g., activity, sleep), less is known about longer-term use (beyond one week) with adolescents with depression and about mobile sensing for monitoring mood for any adolescent population. This study examined acceptability and feasibility of a one-month EMA, actigraphy, and mobile sensing protocol for adolescents with elevated depressive symptoms. Adolescents aged 12 to 18 (N = 69; Mage = 15.46; 67% assigned female at birth; 42% White; 71% Hispanic or Latine; 38% sexual minority) completed EMA surveys on depressive symptoms, processes, and affect multiple times daily via a smartphone app that also collected passive sensor data (e.g., motion, geolocation). An actigraph measured physical activity and sleep. A feedback interview assessed protocol acceptability. Most participants (91%) completed all components, were willing to participate again (91%), and would recommend participation to peers (93%). EMA response rates improved (mean completion 57% to 66%) after shifting to a semi-personalized schedule with extended response windows. Actigraph wear time was high (> 70%) despite device-related issues. Sensor data availability varied by operating system, and privacy concerns influenced participation. Adherence was correlated within and between modalities, suggesting that individual compliance played a central role in consistent engagement. Findings support the feasibility and acceptability of smartphone and wearable methods for capturing real-world mood and behavior in adolescents, however careful attention to design, engagement, and ethical considerations remains essential. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Guo, Jenny AU - Guo J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3535-5181 AD - Department of Psychology and Center for Children and Families, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA. jguo033@fiu.edu. FAU - Frederick, Jennifer AU - Frederick J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9411-4284 AD - Department of Psychology and Center for Children and Families, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA. FAU - Cunningham, Lindsey AU - Cunningham L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4700-5231 AD - Department of Psychology and Center for Children and Families, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA. FAU - Jacobson, Nicholas C AU - Jacobson NC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8832-4741 AD - Center for Technology and Behavioral Health, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA. AD - Quantitative Biomedical Sciences Program, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA. AD - Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA. AD - Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA. FAU - Fisher, Aaron J AU - Fisher AJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9754-4618 AD - Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA. FAU - Pettit, Jeremy W AU - Pettit JW AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7426-9411 AD - Department of Psychology and Center for Children and Families, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA. FAU - McMakin, Dana L AU - McMakin DL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6954-4204 AD - Department of Psychology and Center for Children and Families, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA. FAU - Ng, Mei Yi AU - Ng MY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1399-0133 AD - Department of Psychology and Center for Children and Families, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA. LA - eng GR - R21 MH126394/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States GR - R21MH126394/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. DEP - 20260618 PL - United States TA - Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol JT - Research on child and adolescent psychopathology JID - 101773609 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - *Smartphone MH - Feasibility Studies MH - *Actigraphy/instrumentation MH - Child MH - *Wearable Electronic Devices MH - *Depression/diagnosis MH - Male MH - *Mobile Applications MH - *Ecological Momentary Assessment MH - Sleep MH - Digital Health MH - *Patient Acceptance of Health Care PMC - PMC13279485 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Actigraphy OT - Depressive disorder OT - Ecological momentary assessment OT - Feasibility study OT - Mobile sensing OT - Smartphone COIS- Declarations. Ethical Approval: The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Florida International University in April 2020 (IRB-20-0257) and renewed annually thereafter. The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the American Psychological Association. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. Conflict of Interest: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to disclose. EDAT- 2026/06/19 00:36 MHDA- 2026/06/19 00:37 PMCR- 2026/06/18 CRDT- 2026/06/18 23:26 PHST- 2025/11/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/19 00:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/19 00:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/18 23:26 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s10802-026-01464-9 [pii] AID - 1464 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s10802-026-01464-9 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol. 2026 Jun 18;54(4):78. doi: 10.1007/s10802-026-01464-9. PMID- 42315727 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261009 LR - 20261011 IS - 1476-5497 (Electronic) IS - 0307-0565 (Print) IS - 0307-0565 (Linking) VI - 50 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Toward an intergenerational model of metabolic and bariatric surgery: reframing the household as the unit of care. PG - 1893-1898 LID - 10.1038/s41366-026-02131-1 [doi] AB - Obesity is a chronic, relapsing disease that increasingly spans generations within households, yet contemporary metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) models remain oriented toward individuals or single-generation patients. A growing body of evidence demonstrates that obesity risk, behaviors, and treatment responses cluster within family systems, and that MBS produces measurable metabolic and behavioral effects among untreated spouses, partners, and children. Concurrently, decades of pediatric research confirm that caregiver engagement and integration is one of the strongest determinants of successful obesity treatment. Together, these observations support a paradigm shift toward an intergenerational, family-centered model of MBS, in which the household becomes the unit of care. This perspective synthesizes evidence supporting the biological, behavioral, and environmental interdependence of obesity within families and outlines a comprehensive framework for implementing household-level bariatric care. Core components include integrated pediatric-adult clinical infrastructure; combined multidisciplinary teams trained across the age spectrum; harmonized protocols for evaluation, education, and follow-up; coordinated scheduling and workflow alignment; and family-based behavioral strategies that promote shared goals, consistent routines, and mutual accountability. Operational and policy innovations, such as cross-departmental agreements, unified electronic health records, and coordinated billing can facilitate sustainable implementation. We further identify research priorities, including quantifying metabolic ripple effects among untreated family members, evaluating bundled household-level interventions, and developing validated metrics to assess changes in the home environment. Treating the household as the patient offers a promising strategy to enhance medical obesity treatment, surgical durability, improve adherence, and disrupt intergenerational transmission of obesity. As obesity increasingly presents as a family condition, an intergenerational MBS model may help realign treatment with the realities of lived experience and improve outcomes across generations. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Vidmar, Alaina P AU - Vidmar AP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3790-6255 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA. avidmar@chla.usc.edu. FAU - Samakar, Kamran AU - Samakar K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1710-6245 AD - Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and Keck School of Medicine of USC,, Los Angeles, CA, USA. AD - Division of Upper Gastrointestinal and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Keck Medical Center of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. FAU - Martin, Matthew J AU - Martin MJ AD - Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and Keck School of Medicine of USC,, Los Angeles, CA, USA. AD - Division of Upper Gastrointestinal and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Keck Medical Center of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. FAU - Morton, John Magana AU - Morton JM AD - Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260618 PL - England TA - Int J Obes (Lond) JT - International journal of obesity (2005) JID - 101256108 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Bariatric Surgery MH - Child MH - *Intergenerational Relations MH - *Obesity/surgery MH - Female PMC - PMC13649551 COIS- Competing interests: The authors have no pertinent financial interests/personal relationships relevant to the submitted manuscript. Financial interests/personal relationships not relevant to the submitted manuscript include: APV: Soleno Pharmaceuticals: consulting; Lilly and Company: funding research grant; Rhythm Pharmaceuticals: funding research grant. All other authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/06/19 00:36 MHDA- 2026/10/09 05:30 PMCR- 2026/06/18 CRDT- 2026/06/18 23:23 PHST- 2026/02/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/10/09 05:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/19 00:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/18 23:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41366-026-02131-1 [pii] AID - 2131 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41366-026-02131-1 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Obes (Lond). 2026 Sep;50(9):1893-1898. doi: 10.1038/s41366-026-02131-1. Epub 2026 Jun 18. PMID- 42315145 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260618 IS - 1741-2889 (Electronic) IS - 1367-4935 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jun 18 TI - Validation of a parent-report version of the Emotional Eating Scale Adapted for Children and Adolescents Short-Form in American mothers. PG - 13674935261459838 LID - 10.1177/13674935261459838 [doi] AB - Emotional eating is associated with negative outcomes in children, including elevated weight status and disordered eating. The current study assessed the preliminary psychometric properties of a 10-item parent-report version of the Emotional Eating Scale Adapted for Children (EES-C) Short-Form. Participants were 324 mothers of children ages 5-12 years. The parent-report version of the EES-C Short-Form and the Child Feeding Questionnaire were administered to mothers in the United States online. Cronbach's alpha for the parent-report version of the EES-C-Short-Form was in the excellent range (alpha = .94). Mothers reported significantly higher levels of emotional eating in overweight/obese children than healthy weight children eating (effect size = 0.45, p < .001). Maternal reports of their child's emotional eating on the EES-C-Short-Form were associated with maternal concern about their child's weight (r = .285; 95% confidence interval = .18-.39), restricted eating (r = .238; 95% confidence interval = .13-.35), and monitoring of their child's food intake (r = .136; 95% confidence interval = .02-.25) on the Child Feeding Questionnaire, supporting convergent validity. A unidimensional model produced a good fit (chi(2) (35) = 70.31, p = 0.00, CFI = .999, SRMR = .036). Taken as a whole, this study provides preliminary support for the reliability and validity of the parent version of the EES-C Short-Form. FAU - Summers, Emma AU - Summers E AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-2562-5189 AD - Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA. RINGGOLD: 14643 FAU - Limbers, Christine A AU - Limbers CA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4880-1865 AD - Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA. RINGGOLD: 14643 LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260618 PL - England TA - J Child Health Care JT - Journal of child health care : for professionals working with children in the hospital and community JID - 9806360 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - child OT - emotional eating OT - parents OT - psychometrics EDAT- 2026/06/19 00:36 MHDA- 2026/06/19 00:36 CRDT- 2026/06/18 19:53 PHST- 2026/06/19 00:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/19 00:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/18 19:53 [entrez] AID - 10.1177/13674935261459838 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - J Child Health Care. 2026 Jun 18:13674935261459838. doi: 10.1177/13674935261459838. PMID- 42314767 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260916 LR - 20260916 IS - 1678-4782 (Electronic) IS - 0021-7557 (Print) IS - 0021-7557 (Linking) VI - 102 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Sep-Oct TI - Evaluation of ChatGPT's reliability in answering questions about short stature and growth failure. PG - 101577 LID - S0021-7557(26)00079-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jped.2026.101577 [doi] LID - 101577 AB - OBJECTIVE: To evaluate ChatGPT's performance in responding to questions related to short stature and growth failure, which are common concerns in clinical practice. METHODS: Answers provided by the GPT-4 and GPT-4o models to a 36-item questionnaire administered at three different time points (baseline, after 3 months, and after 1 year) were assessed. Each response was rated on a 0-6 Likert scale according to their agreement with those given by pediatric endocrinology specialists. RESULTS: ChatGPT showed an overall satisfactory performance, with high agreement in conceptual questions and in respect of common causes, but lower accuracy in diagnostic and therapeutic topics that require more specialized knowledge. The mean score was 4.6 (SD = 1.3), with a mode of 6. Using a threshold of scores 3-6 as correct, 96.9% of responses were classified as satisfactory; applying stricter thresholds of scores 4-6 and 5-6 yielded rates of 77.2% and 46.3%, respectively. An improvement was observed after the update to GPT-4o, suggesting model evolution over time. However, there was a significant decrease in recommendations to seek medical care in the more recent model. CONCLUSION: ChatGPT demonstrated high reliability and potential as a supportive tool for issues related to short stature; however, its lower accuracy in therapeutic topics and reduced emphasis on the importance of seeking professional medical advice highlight the need for further improvements to ensure its safe use in healthcare. Both professionals and lay users be aware of the limitations of AI and verify information through reliable medical sources. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Espana S.L.U. All rights reserved. FAU - Avancini, Rebeca Cricca AU - Avancini RC AD - Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas da Santa Casa de Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: rebecaca26@gmail.com. FAU - Longui, Carlos Alberto AU - Longui CA AD - Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas da Santa Casa de Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: carloslongui@msn.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260702 PL - Brazil TA - J Pediatr (Rio J) JT - Jornal de pediatria JID - 2985188R SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Growth Disorders/diagnosis MH - Child MH - Female MH - Male MH - Generative Artificial Intelligence MH - *Failure to Thrive/diagnosis PMC - PMC13352365 OTO - NOTNLM OT - AI OT - ChatGPT OT - Pediatric endocrinology OT - Short stature COIS- Conflicts of interest Nothing to declare. EDAT- 2026/06/19 00:36 MHDA- 2026/09/16 23:34 PMCR- 2026/07/02 CRDT- 2026/06/18 19:21 PHST- 2026/03/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/16 23:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/19 00:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/18 19:21 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0021-7557(26)00079-3 [pii] AID - 101577 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jped.2026.101577 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Pediatr (Rio J). 2026 Sep-Oct;102(5):101577. doi: 10.1016/j.jped.2026.101577. Epub 2026 Jul 2. PMID- 42313740 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260618 LR - 20260813 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 6 DP - 2026 TI - The validity and reliability of a biometrically accurate, photorealistic set of young adult body size scales based on 3D scans of White Europeans. PG - e0351658 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0351658 [doi] LID - e0351658 AB - Young adults are a high-risk group for weight-related health problems but are often overlooked in weight management intervention design. Validated visual tools that accurately depict body size are needed to improve communication and intervention strategies. This study validated innovative, photo-realistic, gender-specific body size scales of young adults (aged 18), created from 3D scans to depict systematic changes in adiposity. A total of 110 young adults (aged 18-25) completed two behavioural tasks: (1) estimating the relative size of the bodies and (2) ranking them in ascending order of weight. To assess reliability, participants repeated the tasks three days later. Participants accurately estimated relative body sizes and ranked the images in line with the systematic BMI changes across the scales. Test-retest analyses showed good to excellent reliability for both tasks. The young adult body size scales are anthropometrically accurate, reliable, and valid tools for body size estimation tasks. They provide a robust resource for research, clinical communication, and intervention design focused on young adults. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Ridley et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Ridley, Bethany J AU - Ridley BJ AD - Department of Psychology, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. FAU - Cornelissen, Piers L AU - Cornelissen PL AD - Department of Psychology, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. FAU - Kramer, Robin S S AU - Kramer RSS AD - School of Psychology, Sport Science and Wellbeing, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, United Kingdom. FAU - Maalin, Nadia AU - Maalin N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7055-1658 AD - Department of Psychology and Counselling, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, United Kingdom. FAU - Mohamed, Sophie AU - Mohamed S AD - Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, NHS Grampian, Aberdeen, United Kingdom. FAU - Tovee, Martin J AU - Tovee MJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9642-4462 AD - Department of Psychology, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260618 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Body Size MH - Young Adult MH - Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - *Imaging, Three-Dimensional/methods MH - White People MH - Body Mass Index MH - *Anthropometry/methods PMC - PMC13278476 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/06/18 18:33 MHDA- 2026/06/18 18:34 PMCR- 2026/06/18 CRDT- 2026/06/18 13:33 PHST- 2025/10/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/18 18:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/18 18:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/18 13:33 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-25-54538 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0351658 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 Jun 18;21(6):e0351658. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0351658. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42312671 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260710 LR - 20260910 IS - 1475-2727 (Electronic) IS - 1368-9800 (Print) IS - 1368-9800 (Linking) VI - 29 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 18 TI - Development and validation of the Brazilian Dietary Guidelines Adherence Score (BraScore): a novel index to assess the adherence to the Dietary Guidelines for the Brazilian Population. PG - e141 LID - 10.1017/S1368980026102936 [doi] LID - e141 AB - OBJECTIVE: We aimed to describe the development and evaluation of the Brazilian Dietary Guidelines Adherence Score (BraScore). DESIGN: The process comprised multiple steps: defining guiding principles, identifying food components, setting scoring cut-off points and assessing validity and reliability. SETTING: Nationally representative sample of the Brazilian population. PARTICIPANTS: 46 164 Brazilians aged >/= 10 years. RESULTS: The BraScore has ten components: to be consumed (legumes; fruits; vegetables and diversity), to be limited (red meat; other animal-based foods; processed foods; table sugar and cooking salt) and to be avoided (ultra-processed foods). Scores range from 0 to 100, with higher values indicating greater adherence to the Dietary Guidelines. Analyses showed a weak correlation with energy intake (coefficient: -0.12) and substantial variability among individuals (1st percentile: 20.5; 99th: 77.7). Scree plot analysis revealed multidimensionality, indicating four distinct patterns. The scores differentiated population groups (older adults and rural residents had higher scores) and were high for diets developed by nutritionists (84.6-97.6 points). The reliability analysis yielded a coefficient of 0.6, suggesting acceptable internal consistency. CONCLUSIONS: The BraScore is a valid and reliable tool to assess adherence to the Dietary Guidelines for the Brazilian Population. FAU - Souza, Thays Nascimento AU - Souza TN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5405-5398 AD - Department of Nutrition, https://ror.org/036rp1748University of Sao Paulo, Brazil. AD - https://ror.org/036rp1748Centre for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health at the University of Sao Paulo (NUPENS/USP), Brazil. AD - Programa de Pos Graduacao em Nutricao em Saude Publica, Faculdade de Saude Publica, https://ror.org/036rp1748Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Gabe, Kamila Tiemann AU - Gabe KT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5138-9552 AD - Department of Nutrition, https://ror.org/036rp1748University of Sao Paulo, Brazil. AD - https://ror.org/036rp1748Centre for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health at the University of Sao Paulo (NUPENS/USP), Brazil. AD - Programa de Pos Graduacao em Nutricao em Saude Publica, Faculdade de Saude Publica, https://ror.org/036rp1748Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Cacau, Leandro Teixeira AU - Cacau LT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1681-5960 AD - Department of Nutrition, https://ror.org/036rp1748University of Sao Paulo, Brazil. AD - https://ror.org/036rp1748Centre for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health at the University of Sao Paulo (NUPENS/USP), Brazil. AD - Programa de Pos Graduacao em Nutricao em Saude Publica, Faculdade de Saude Publica, https://ror.org/036rp1748Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Carneiro, Leticia Barroso Vertulli AU - Carneiro LBV AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0832-2293 AD - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Estudos em Saude Coletiva, Brazil. FAU - Lassale, Camille AU - Lassale C AD - Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Spain. AD - Pompeu Fabra University, Spain. AD - Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain. FAU - Levy, Renata Bertazzi AU - Levy RB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5388-7002 AD - https://ror.org/036rp1748Centre for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health at the University of Sao Paulo (NUPENS/USP), Brazil. AD - Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil. AD - Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca, Spain. FAU - Castro, Ines Rugani Ribeiro de AU - Castro IRR AD - Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. FAU - Louzada, Maria Laura da Costa AU - Louzada MLDC AD - Department of Nutrition, https://ror.org/036rp1748University of Sao Paulo, Brazil. AD - https://ror.org/036rp1748Centre for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health at the University of Sao Paulo (NUPENS/USP), Brazil. AD - Programa de Pos Graduacao em Nutricao em Saude Publica, Faculdade de Saude Publica, https://ror.org/036rp1748Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260618 PL - England TA - Public Health Nutr JT - Public health nutrition JID - 9808463 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Brazil MH - *Nutrition Policy MH - Female MH - Adult MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Middle Aged MH - Male MH - Child MH - *Diet/standards/statistics & numerical data MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - *Guideline Adherence/statistics & numerical data MH - Aged MH - *Diet Surveys MH - Energy Intake PMC - PMC13434578 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Diet index OT - Food guide OT - Healthy eating indices OT - Nutritional epidemiology OT - Ultra-processed foods COIS- There are no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/18 12:33 MHDA- 2026/07/11 01:09 PMCR- 2026/06/18 CRDT- 2026/06/18 07:34 PHST- 2026/07/11 01:09 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/18 12:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/18 07:34 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1368980026102936 [pii] AID - 10.1017/S1368980026102936 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Public Health Nutr. 2026 Jun 18;29(1):e141. doi: 10.1017/S1368980026102936. PMID- 42312484 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260618 IS - 1557-1246 (Electronic) IS - 1087-0547 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jun 18 TI - Association of Inflammatory Biomarkers With ADHD and Moderating Effect of Leisure-Time Physical Activity in Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study Based on NHANES. PG - 10870547261458103 LID - 10.1177/10870547261458103 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Research findings on specific inflammatory markers (e.g., CRP) in ADHD show considerable heterogeneity. Meanwhile, the potential moderating role of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) in this relationship is underexplored. METHODS: Based on data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 1999 and 2004, 4,817 adolescents aged 12 to 19 were included. This study used logistic regression analysis and restricted cubic splines (RCS) to explore the association between inflammatory biomarkers and ADHD. Interactive analyses were performed to assess the moderating effect of LTPA on this relationship. Furthermore, subgroup analyses were conducted to validate the robustness of the observed effects. RESULTS: After adjusting for all confounding factors, each 1 mg/L increment in C-reactive protein (CRP) was associated with a 9% higher ADHD risk (OR = 1.09, 95% CI [1.01, 1.18]). The chronic low-grade inflammation (CLGI) group exhibited a 57% higher risk of ADHD (OR = 1.57, 95% CI [1.14, 2.15]) compared to the non-GLGI group. The non-linear analysis further revealed that the risk of ADHD reached its peak when CRP was 2.75 mg/L (OR = 1.89, 95% CI [1.39, 2.57]). Compared with the group engaging in less than 60 min of LTPA daily, the association between ADHD and CRP was moderated in the "LTPA >/=60 min/day" group (p for interaction = .04). CONCLUSIONS: Elevated CRP levels are positively associated with ADHD. More than 60 min/day LTPA may moderate the association between CRP and the risk of ADHD. FAU - Pan, Keyu AU - Pan K AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-9716-7970 AD - School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, China. FAU - Jin, Shanru AU - Jin S AD - School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, China. FAU - Gao, Xiang AU - Gao X AD - School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, China. FAU - He, Changshuang AU - He C AD - School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, China. FAU - Shi, Beibei AU - Shi B AD - School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, China. AD - School of Physical Education, Shandong University, China. FAU - Zhang, Meng AU - Zhang M AD - School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, China. FAU - Wei, Yiting AU - Wei Y AD - School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, China. FAU - Quan, Minghui AU - Quan M AD - School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260618 PL - United States TA - J Atten Disord JT - Journal of attention disorders JID - 9615686 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - ADHD OT - CLGI OT - CRP OT - LTPA OT - inflammatory biomarkers EDAT- 2026/06/18 06:31 MHDA- 2026/06/18 06:31 CRDT- 2026/06/18 05:53 PHST- 2026/06/18 06:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/18 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/18 05:53 [entrez] AID - 10.1177/10870547261458103 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - J Atten Disord. 2026 Jun 18:10870547261458103. doi: 10.1177/10870547261458103. PMID- 42312170 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260618 LR - 20260813 IS - 2575-9108 (Electronic) IS - 2575-9108 (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun 12 TI - Age-Driven Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Empagliflozin: Toward Precision Dosing in Youth. PG - 1412-1425 LID - 10.1021/acsptsci.5c00772 [doi] AB - Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a multifactorial disease that affects both adults and children. Treating T2DM in children poses a challenge because of the difficulties in conducting clinical trials in this special population. Empagliflozin (EMPA) is an antidiabetic drug belonging to the class of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and reversibly inhibits glucose reabsorption in the proximal tubules of the kidneys. This drug is a great candidate for treating T2DM in children due to its action on diabetes and other effects such as cardio- and nephroprotection. Despite its therapeutic advantages, the most appropriate dose for the treatment of T2DM in children is still unknown. In this context, new methodological approaches (NAMs) are necessary to overcome these obstacles. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling (PBPK) emerges as a promising and regulatory-accepted approach that can be used to predict the most suitable dose for children. Therefore, the aim of this study was to construct the PBPK model for the oral administration of EMPA in children with healthy and obese weights. Following a literature search, pharmacokinetic and physicochemical parameters of the drug, along with physiological characteristics from selected studies for validation, were obtained for the model development. A PBPK model of EMPA was developed and verified in the adult population by comparing the simulated plasma exposure to the observed data. After validation for healthy adults, the model was scaled for children with healthy and obese weights according to the WHO metrics. The parameters that showed the most significant changes were the C (max) and AUC values. In children with healthy weights, C (max) was 1.93 and 1.39 times higher in the 10-12 year-old and 13-14 year-old groups, respectively, compared to adults receiving a 10 mg dose. Similarly, AUC increased by 1.81 and 1.48 times in the 10-12 year-old and 13-14 year-old groups, respectively, among healthy children. In obese children aged 10-12, C (max) and AUC were altered, showing increases of 1.77 and 1.81 times, respectively. The developed and validated empagliflozin PBPK model in adults provided a robust basis for extending research to pediatric populations. Simulations indicated the need for dose adjustments in pediatric patients, particularly for healthy children aged 10-14 and obese children aged 10-12. These adjustments are essential to minimizing adverse effects, ensuring the safe and effective use of empagliflozin in these age groups. CI - (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society. FAU - Milhm, Gabriela Pereira AU - Milhm GP AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-4517-5305 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Modeling & QSAR (ModMolQSAR), Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, bloco L subsolo, Cidade Universitaria, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 21941-902. FAU - Moreira, Fernanda de Lima AU - Moreira FL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7699-2665 AD - Laboratory of Pharmacometrics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 21941-902. FAU - Abrahim-Vieira, Barbara de Azevedo AU - Abrahim-Vieira BA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6444-0169 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Modeling & QSAR (ModMolQSAR), Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, bloco L subsolo, Cidade Universitaria, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 21941-902. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260529 PL - United States TA - ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci JT - ACS pharmacology & translational science JID - 101721411 PMC - PMC13270446 OTO - NOTNLM OT - PBPK (physiologically based pharmacokinetic model) OT - SGLT2 (sodium-glucose cotransporter 2) OT - T2DM OT - empagliflozin OT - pediatric OT - type 2 diabetes mellitus EDAT- 2026/06/18 06:32 MHDA- 2026/06/18 06:33 PMCR- 2026/05/29 CRDT- 2026/06/18 04:45 PHST- 2025/11/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/18 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/18 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/18 04:45 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1021/acsptsci.5c00772 [doi] PST - epublish SO - ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci. 2026 May 29;9(6):1412-1425. doi: 10.1021/acsptsci.5c00772. eCollection 2026 Jun 12. PMID- 42311940 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260618 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-861X (Print) IS - 2296-861X (Electronic) IS - 2296-861X (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2026 TI - Comparing food literacy by grade, sex, and food education exposure: construct validation of the food literacy BITE scale. PG - 1819437 LID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1819437 [doi] LID - 1819437 AB - BACKGROUND: Food literacy provides a framework for understanding dietary behaviors in children and can inform priorities for and evaluate the effectiveness of food education interventions. The 4-dimension Food Literacy BITE scale is built on a child-centered food literacy framework and has been structurally validated in U.S. elementary schoolchildren. We conducted additional validity testing to assess the tool's generalizability, ability to differentiate mean food literacy by grade, sex, and food education exposure, and the association of food literacy score with food group consumption frequencies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We administered the Food Literacy BITE scale and food frequency questionnaires to n = 690 4 (th) and 5 (th) -grade students from 10 elementary schools in Washington, DC, and Kentucky (52.5% 4 (th) grade, 55.8% 4+ years of food education, 52.8% girls). Stepwise series of multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis models assessed measurement invariance by grade, sex, and school-level food education history. We examined group differences in overall food literacy score and dimension scores using latent means and used multilevel modeling for the food education exposure analysis to account for clustering within schools. We used weighted regression with robust standard errors to investigate associations between food literacy scores and food group consumption frequencies, aggregated by school and grade (n = 20). RESULTS: Item interpretation was consistent across groups, with full scalar invariance established by grade and partial scalar invariance by sex and food education history (4+years vs. new/none). Girls scored higher than boys in the "confidence in everyday food skills" dimension (p = 0.03). Mean food literacy was higher in the group from schools offering 4+ years of experiential food education (p = 0.03), driven by higher scores in the "valuing shared food experiences" (p = 0.02) and "food systems and nutrition knowledge" (p = 0.04) dimensions. In the multilevel models, only the difference in "valuing shared food experiences" remained significant. CONCLUSION: Results support generalizable use of the Food Literacy BITE scale in the U.S. and areas with similar food practices and environments. The tool's ability to differentiate between food education exposure history suggests it may be useful in identifying best practices for food education interventions targeting late childhood. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 St. Pierre, Bingenheimer, van Dam and Sacheck. FAU - St Pierre, Christine AU - St Pierre C AD - Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States. FAU - Bingenheimer, Jeffrey B AU - Bingenheimer JB AD - Department of Prevention and Community Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States. FAU - van Dam, Rob M AU - van Dam RM AD - Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States. FAU - Sacheck, Jennifer M AU - Sacheck JM AD - Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States. AD - Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260602 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Nutr JT - Frontiers in nutrition JID - 101642264 PMC - PMC13268878 OTO - NOTNLM OT - children OT - food education OT - food literacy OT - measurement properties OT - scale development COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/18 06:32 MHDA- 2026/06/18 06:33 PMCR- 2026/06/02 CRDT- 2026/06/18 04:42 PHST- 2026/02/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/18 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/18 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/18 04:42 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1819437 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Nutr. 2026 Jun 2;13:1819437. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1819437. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42310262 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260825 LR - 20260910 IS - 1573-6628 (Electronic) IS - 1092-7875 (Print) IS - 1092-7875 (Linking) VI - 30 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Baby-Feed Pilot Trial for Improving Diet and Weight Gain in Infants and Toddlers. PG - 1017-1027 LID - 10.1007/s10995-026-04282-z [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To pilot test the initial efficacy of the Baby-Feed website for improving infant diet quality (main outcome) and weight gain (exploratory outcome) compared to usual care. METHODS: This was a 3-month randomized clinical trial, in which two healthcare providers and 50 caregivers of healthy-term infants (4-12 months) in a community health center were recruited. Participants were randomized to usual care or access to the Baby-Feed website, which assesses infants' diets, provides automated results, and delivers feedback. Measures were assessed at baseline and at the end of the study: diet quality from a validated infant food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), self-reported weight/length to calculate rate of weight gain, and a validated self-efficacy questionnaire. Changes were compared using analysis of covariance or Chi-square/Fisher's Exact test. RESULTS: Baseline characteristics were similar between groups (n = 25 intervention; n = 25 control). Most caregivers were mothers (92%) and Hispanic (86%). Change in total diet quality scores was higher in the intervention (-2.95 +/- 6.53) vs. controls (-7.69 +/- 7.84; p = 0.031). Healthy weight gain was higher in the intervention group (n = 21, 95%) vs. controls (n = 14, 58%; p = 0.006). Changes in the self-efficacy score for promoting healthy foods were associated with changes in the fruit score (r = 0.46; p = 0.03), and changes in the self-efficacy score for limiting unhealthy foods were associated with changes in the juice score (r = 0.45; p = 0.04) only in the intervention group. CONCLUSIONS: Using Baby-Feed for 3 months improved diet quality and the rate of weight gain compared with controls in this small and short pilot trial. A larger, longer trial with a more diverse population is needed to confirm the results. TRIAL REGISTRY: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ : NCT05062824. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Bolton, Jennifer AU - Bolton J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8324-9113 AD - Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street AHC5, Miami, FL, 33199, USA. FAU - Wang, Wenjia AU - Wang W AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1967-0405 AD - Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street AHC5, Miami, FL, 33199, USA. AD - Vertically Integrated Projects, Knight Foundation School of Computing and Information Sciences, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, FL, 33199, USA. FAU - Coccia, Catherine AU - Coccia C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8086-4479 AD - Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street AHC5, Miami, FL, 33199, USA. FAU - Narayanan, Vijaya AU - Narayanan V AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-6685-1430 AD - Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street AHC5, Miami, FL, 33199, USA. FAU - Varella, Marcia AU - Varella M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2626-8825 AD - Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street AHC1, Miami, FL, 33199, USA. FAU - Hannan, Jean AU - Hannan J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3740-620X AD - Nicole Wertheim College of Nursing & Health Sciences, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street AHC5, Miami, FL, 33199, USA. FAU - Palacios, Cristina AU - Palacios C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9437-0376 AD - Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street AHC5, Miami, FL, 33199, USA. crpalaci@fiu.edu. AD - Department of Dietetics and Nutrition in the Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, AHC 5-313, Miami, 33199, FL, USA. crpalaci@fiu.edu. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT05062824 GR - Children's Trust/Children's Trust/ PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20260618 PL - United States TA - Matern Child Health J JT - Maternal and child health journal JID - 9715672 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - *Weight Gain/physiology MH - Pilot Projects MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Diet/standards MH - *Infant Food MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena MH - Internet PMC - PMC13503433 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Diet quality OT - Infant OT - Intervention OT - Website OT - Weight gain COIS- Declarations. Competing Interests: The authors have not disclosed any competing interests. Ethical Approval: Study procedures were approved by the IRB at Florida International University (Protocol Number: 20-0498). Data Sharing: Deidentified individual participant data (including the data dictionary) underlying the results reported in this study will be made available upon reasonable request to the corresponding author. EDAT- 2026/06/18 00:31 MHDA- 2026/08/25 05:34 PMCR- 2026/06/18 CRDT- 2026/06/17 23:26 PHST- 2025/03/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/25 05:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/18 00:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/17 23:26 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s10995-026-04282-z [pii] AID - 4282 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s10995-026-04282-z [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Matern Child Health J. 2026 Aug;30(8):1017-1027. doi: 10.1007/s10995-026-04282-z. Epub 2026 Jun 18. PMID- 42309663 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260617 LR - 20260813 IS - 2044-6055 (Electronic) IS - 2044-6055 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun 17 TI - Measuring multisector nutrition and health intervention coverage using composite coverage analysis methods: a scoping review and methodological guidance. PG - e111298 LID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2025-111298 [doi] LID - e111298 AB - OBJECTIVES: Composite indices provide an opportunity to measure the reach of multisector strategies as countries progress towards Sustainable Development Goals and the achievement of nutrition, health and other sectoral targets. Composite measures allow for the measurement of nutrition and health intervention coverage across sectors and can be used to benchmark progress, track nutrition goals and assess inequities of multisector nutrition interventions. Of the many composite indices in use to measure health and nutrition intervention coverage and population status as a means of assessing progress in achieving health and nutrition targets, few have been previously documented in the nutrition and health literature, nor have these indicators been described in detail. This scoping review aimed to identify composite coverage indices that capture nutrition and health intervention coverage or status, summarise their estimation methodologies and validation approaches and evaluate their strengths and weaknesses. DESIGN: Scoping review conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewer Manual following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) verification list. DATA SOURCES: PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Google Scholar and Global Health registries were searched from 1980 to 3 March 2026. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: We included studies of any design that described, used or developed a composite measurement of health or nutrition intervention coverage or status. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: One reviewer screened the titles and abstracts and full text using Covidence and abstracted data from each article using Microsoft Excel using standardised methods. RESULTS: We retrieved and screened a total of 7120 records of which 154 articles were included. We identified a total of 56 unique indices (25 universal healthcare coverage; 14 reproductive, maternal, newborn, child health (RMNCH) coverage; 10 nutritional status, food security or nutrition intervention coverage; 6 health service coverage and 1 combined universal healthcare, health risk factors and nutrition coverage measure). We identified three major formula construction methodologies: normative (n=34), statistical (n=13) and participatory (n=10). Together, the indices employed six different aggregation methods: weighted linear mean (n=28), geometric mean (n=13), linear mean (n=9), random-effects meta-analysis (n=6), summation (n=2) and weighted geometric mean (n=1). More than one third of the indices identified have not been validated in the literature (n=21). CONCLUSIONS: Our review identified a significant gap in composite nutrition intervention coverage index availability, methodological frameworks for index design and index validation. There is a need for additional resources for guiding policy and programme actors to develop validated, fit for purpose composite nutrition-specific and nutrition-sensitive coverage indices. We propose that a framework be developed for stakeholders to guide composite index construction for multisectoral nutrition intervention coverage measurement. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ Group. FAU - Morrison, Taylor AU - Morrison T AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-5346-5946 AD - Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA tmorri45@alumni.jh.edu. FAU - Akseer, Nadia AU - Akseer N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3802-7298 AD - Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. FAU - Heidkamp, Rebecca AU - Heidkamp R AD - Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. FAU - Maiga, Abdoulaye AU - Maiga A AD - Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. FAU - Tasic, Hana AU - Tasic H AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-0589-3612 AD - Modern Scientist Global, St Catharines, Ontario, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Scoping Review DEP - 20260617 PL - England TA - BMJ Open JT - BMJ open JID - 101552874 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Nutritional Status PMC - PMC13288883 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Health Equity OT - Health Services Accessibility OT - Health policy COIS- Competing interests: None declared. EDAT- 2026/06/18 00:32 MHDA- 2026/06/18 00:33 PMCR- 2026/06/17 CRDT- 2026/06/17 21:12 PHST- 2026/06/18 00:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/18 00:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/17 21:12 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjopen-2025-111298 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2025-111298 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Open. 2026 Jun 17;16(6):e111298. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2025-111298. PMID- 42308182 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260617 LR - 20260813 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 6 DP - 2026 TI - A risk assessment indicator system for common diseases in children and adolescents. PG - e0351870 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0351870 [doi] LID - e0351870 AB - BACKGROUND: Adolescence is a critical stage for healthy development. Currently, common diseases such as myopia, obesity, dental caries, and spinal curvature abnormalities are highly prevalent among children and adolescents, with an obvious trend of younger onset. These diseases are caused by the complex interaction of multi-dimensional factors. However, existing interventions are mostly limited to individual diseases, lacking systematic prevention and control tools. Therefore, there is an urgent need to construct a scientific evaluation index system for health-influencing factors. OBJECTIVE: Targeting the four key common diseases emphasized in China's national health policies - myopia, obesity, dental caries, and spinal curvature abnormalities - among children and adolescents aged 7-19 years, this study constructed a multi-dimensional risk assessment indicator system to support evidence-based prevention and policy-making for this population. METHODS: Guided by the National Program of Action for Children's Development in China (2021-2030) and the "Healthy China 2030" Planning Outline, a three-level indicator framework was initially formulated through literature research and expert meetings. The Delphi expert consultation method was adopted for two rounds of screening and optimization of indicators. Experts scored each indicator on a scale of 1-5 in terms of importance, feasibility, and sensitivity, with indicators excluded if their mean score was < 3.5 and coefficient of variation >0.3. RESULTS: The effective return rate of the two-round Delphi is 100.0%, the mean expert familiarity coefficient (Cs) was 0.83, and the mean judgment coefficient (Ca) was 0.93, and the expert authoritative coefficient (Cr) value is 0.88. In the second round of consultation, the importance coordination coefficient is 0.284, the feasibility coordination coefficient is 0.185, and the sensitivity coordination coefficient is 0.314, all of which are statistically significant (P < 0.001). This indicator system consists of a total of 55 three-level indicators. CONCLUSION: Validated through two rounds of expert deliberation, the indicator system demonstrates sound scientific rigor. The preliminary development of a risk assessment indicator system for common diseases in children and adolescents can be used for the measurement of the level of factors affecting the health of common diseases in children and adolescents after its reliability and validity are verified in practical applications. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Shao et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Shao, Yun AU - Shao Y AD - School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. AD - Shanghai Putuo District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China. FAU - Hu, Bohan AU - Hu B AD - School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. AD - Shanghai Putuo District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China. FAU - Lu, Yuting AU - Lu Y AD - School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. AD - Shanghai Putuo District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China. FAU - Yu, Shuo AU - Yu S AD - NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment (Fudan University), Shanghai, China. FAU - Liang, Ji AU - Liang J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6844-5036 AD - School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. AD - Shanghai Putuo District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260617 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - Risk Assessment/methods MH - China/epidemiology MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Dental Caries/epidemiology/prevention & control MH - *Myopia/epidemiology/prevention & control MH - *Obesity/epidemiology/prevention & control MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC13274816 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/06/17 18:35 MHDA- 2026/06/17 18:36 PMCR- 2026/06/17 CRDT- 2026/06/17 13:33 PHST- 2025/11/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/17 18:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/17 18:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/17 13:33 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-25-58634 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0351870 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 Jun 17;21(6):e0351870. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0351870. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42307272 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260617 LR - 20260813 IS - 1807-3107 (Electronic) IS - 1806-8324 (Print) IS - 1806-8324 (Linking) VI - 40 DP - 2026 TI - Evaluation of the impacted upper canine and maxillary sinus dimensions using cone beam computed tomography. PG - e031 LID - S1806-83242026000108601 [pii] LID - 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2026.vol40.031 [doi] LID - e031 AB - This study aimed use cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) to compare the maxillary sinus volume and transverse dimensions between sides with and without palatally impacted maxillary canines. The CBCT records of 47 patients with unilateral palatally impacted canines (18 males, 29 females; mean age: 22.19 +/- 7.71 years) were included. The maxillary sinus volume was measured using semiautomatic segmentation, and transversal maxillary dimensions were assessed in the posterior region. Deviation of the nasal septum and alveolar pneumatization were also evaluated. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 25.0 with a significance level set at p < 0.05. As compared with the nonimpacted side, the maxillary and molar basal widths were significantly smaller and the septum deviation angle was greater on the impacted side (p < 0.05). A one-unit increase in the septal deviation angle increased the probability of impaction by 1.177 times. A negative correlation was detected between the maxillary sinus intensity and zygomatic width, molar basal width, and molar alveolar width (r = 0.431, 0.316, and 0.351, respectively). The incidence of pathological sinus findings did not differ significantly between sides (38.3% vs. 51.06%). Similarly, the rates of alveolar pneumatization were comparable (51.06% vs. 48.94%). The mean sinus volumes were 13,147.96 voxels on the impacted side and 13,194.38 voxels on the nonimpacted side, with no significant difference (p > 0.05). In conclusion, although palatally impacted maxillary canines are associated with narrower posterior maxillary transverse dimensions and increased septal deviation, they do not have a considerable effect on the maxillary sinus volume. These findings provide clinically relevant information for orthodontic diagnosis and surgical planning. FAU - Kurnaz, Merve AU - Kurnaz M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2945-755X AD - Istanbul Kent University, School of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Kaygisiz, Emine AU - Kaygisiz E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2087-7048 AD - Private Practice, Bursa, Turkey. FAU - Akay, Gulsun AU - Akay G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1767-1383 AD - Gazi University, School of Dentistry, Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Gungor, Kahraman AU - Gungor K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6336-4424 AD - Gazi University, School of Dentistry, Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Tortop, Tuba AU - Tortop T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6153-2412 AD - Gazi University, School of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Ankara, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Evaluation Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260612 PL - Brazil TA - Braz Oral Res JT - Brazilian oral research JID - 101307187 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Cone-Beam Computed Tomography/methods MH - Female MH - *Maxillary Sinus/diagnostic imaging/pathology MH - *Tooth, Impacted/diagnostic imaging/pathology MH - Reference Values MH - Male MH - *Cuspid/diagnostic imaging MH - Young Adult MH - Adult MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Adolescent MH - Statistics, Nonparametric MH - Maxilla/diagnostic imaging MH - Organ Size PMC - PMC13263044 COIS- Declaration of interest: The authors certify that they have no commercial or associative interest that represents a conflict of interest in connection with the manuscript. EDAT- 2026/06/17 13:28 MHDA- 2026/06/17 13:29 PMCR- 2026/06/12 CRDT- 2026/06/17 09:22 PHST- 2025/08/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/01/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/17 13:29 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/17 13:28 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/17 09:22 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1806-83242026000108601 [pii] AID - 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2026.vol40.031 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Braz Oral Res. 2026 Jun 12;40:e031. doi: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2026.vol40.031. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42307207 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260617 LR - 20260902 IS - 1365-2060 (Electronic) IS - 0785-3890 (Print) IS - 0785-3890 (Linking) VI - 58 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Dec TI - Identification of risk factors and development of a predictive model for foetal growth restriction: a retrospective case-control study. PG - 2688681 LID - 10.1080/07853890.2026.2688681 [doi] LID - 2688681 AB - OBJECTIVE: To identify risk factors associated with foetal growth restriction (FGR) and develop a predictive model to support early diagnosis and individualized clinical management strategies. METHODS: A retrospective case-control study was conducted at Wusibei Campus of Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fuzhou, China involving 490 pregnant women (196 FGR cases and 294 controls) who delivered between January and December 2024. Participants were categorized into two groups: a control group with normal foetal growth and an FGR group with confirmed FGR (This retrospective case-control study selected participants according to pregnancy outcomes and analysed clinical data retrospectively). Clinical characteristics and maternal-neonatal outcomes were compared. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed using SPSS 26.0 to determine independent risk factors for FGR. A predictive nomogram was constructed using R software (version 4.1.0) with the rms package. Model performance was evaluated via bootstrap internal validation, and discrimination and calibration were assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and calibration plots. RESULTS: The FGR group demonstrated significantly higher incidences of foetal distress, caesarean delivery, preterm birth, and neonatal hospitalization compared to the control group (all p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis identified the following independent risk factors for FGR: reduced placental thickness on first-trimester nuchal translucency ultrasound, low pregnancy-associated plasma protein A levels, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, gestational hypothyroidism, oligohydramnios, and absence of gestational diabetes mellitus. The resulting nomogram demonstrated moderate predictive capability with an area under the ROC curve of 0.722. CONCLUSION: The predictive model developed in this study may facilitate the early identification of high-risk pregnancies, enabling timely intervention to improve maternal and neonatal outcomes. However, external validation of this model is needed before clinical implementation. FAU - Shao, Xiu-Fang AU - Shao XF AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20260617 PL - England TA - Ann Med JT - Annals of medicine JID - 8906388 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *Fetal Growth Retardation/epidemiology/diagnosis/etiology MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Risk Factors MH - China/epidemiology MH - Adult MH - Pregnancy Outcome/epidemiology MH - Nomograms MH - Premature Birth/epidemiology MH - Cesarean Section/statistics & numerical data MH - Infant, Newborn MH - ROC Curve MH - Fetal Distress/epidemiology MH - Logistic Models PMC - PMC13276815 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Foetal growth restriction OT - high-risk factors OT - maternal-neonatal prognosis OT - predictive factors OT - pregnancy outcome COIS- No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors. EDAT- 2026/06/17 13:28 MHDA- 2026/06/17 13:29 PMCR- 2026/06/17 CRDT- 2026/06/17 08:43 PHST- 2026/06/17 13:29 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/17 13:28 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/17 08:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2688681 [pii] AID - 10.1080/07853890.2026.2688681 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Ann Med. 2026 Dec;58(1):2688681. doi: 10.1080/07853890.2026.2688681. Epub 2026 Jun 17. PMID- 42307182 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260617 LR - 20260813 IS - 1552-5783 (Electronic) IS - 0146-0404 (Print) IS - 0146-0404 (Linking) VI - 67 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun 1 TI - Early Prediction Model for Retinopathy of Prematurity Using Placental and Neonatal Risk Factors. PG - 35 LID - 10.1167/iovs.67.6.35 [doi] LID - 35 AB - PURPOSE: Existing prediction models for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) primarily focus on screening reduction which occur 5 to 7 weeks after birth. We hypothesized that high-risk neonates could be identified much earlier if placental and early postnatal risk factors are incorporated, so that this high risk can be considered during neonatal treatment well before ROP screening begins. METHODS: We included 591 neonates born 2.2 mmol/L). Diagnostic performance was assessed using ROC curve analysis. Time-to-event analyses were performed using Kaplan-Meier curves and multivariable Cox regression models adjusted for BMI, CRP, albumin, and Phoenix Sepsis Score. RESULTS: A total of 44 patients were included, of whom 30 (68.18%) developed septic shock. Lactate demonstrated lower discriminative performance (AUC 0.624, 95% CI 0.447-0.800) compared with BD (AUC 0.940, 95% CI 0.875-0.999) and ABE (AUC 0.905, 95% CI 0.813-0.997). Both BD and ABE showed higher sensitivity and specificity for identifying patients who progressed to septic shock. In adjusted analyses, abnormal and extremely abnormal ABE and BD were associated with an increased hazard of progression to septic shock. Median time to shock was shortest in patients with extremely abnormal BD and ABE (approximately 8-9 hours), followed by abnormal lactate (13 hours), abnormal ABE (17 hours), and abnormal BD (18 hours). CONCLUSIONS: BD and ABE were associated with progression to septic shock in pediatric sepsis and may provide clinically relevant information for early risk stratification. In this cohort, these markers demonstrated stronger discriminative performance than lactate and may reflect metabolic disturbances present earlier in the disease course. However, these findings should be interpreted cautiously given the retrospective design and require prospective multicenter validation before clinical implementation. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Assaad, Amani AU - Assaad A AD - Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon. FAU - Majdalani, Marianne AU - Majdalani M AD - Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon. FAU - Ismail, Ali AU - Ismail A AD - Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon. FAU - Moukhaiber, Jihane AU - Moukhaiber J AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-4370-9809 AD - Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon. jm88@aub.edu.lb. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260616 PL - England TA - BMC Pediatr JT - BMC pediatrics JID - 100967804 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 33X04XA5AT (Lactic Acid) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Female MH - *Sepsis/blood/diagnosis/complications MH - Male MH - Child MH - *Lactic Acid/blood MH - Shock, Septic/diagnosis/blood/etiology MH - Child, Preschool MH - Disease Progression MH - Infant MH - ROC Curve MH - *Acid-Base Imbalance/diagnosis/blood PMC - PMC13445687 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Alactic base excess. OT - Base deficit OT - Lactate OT - Pediatrics OT - Sepsis OT - Septic shock COIS- Declarations. Ethical approval and consent to participate: The Institutional Review Board at AUBMC approved this study (BIO-2024-0043) on October 24, 2024, in accordance with the ethical principles of Belmont, 1979. Waiver for consent was approved by the Institutional Review Board as this is a retrospective observational study, and the research team are not involved in the clinical care of the collected patients. The waiver did not adversely affect the rights or welfare of the subjects, as their information was coded and handled with confidentiality, ensuring privacy and compliance with the ethical standards. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/17 06:32 MHDA- 2026/08/06 11:36 PMCR- 2026/06/16 CRDT- 2026/06/17 00:05 PHST- 2025/08/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/06 11:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/17 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/17 00:05 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07152-3 [pii] AID - 7152 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07152-3 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pediatr. 2026 Jun 16;26(1):712. doi: 10.1186/s12887-026-07152-3. PMID- 42304257 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260827 LR - 20260917 IS - 1471-2431 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2431 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 16 TI - Cross-cultural adaptation of the Spanish version of the Swimming with Independent Measure (SWIM). LID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07054-4 [doi] LID - 796 AB - BACKGROUND: Assessing aquatic functional abilities is essential for designing effective interventions for children and adolescents who undergo aquatic activities and/or therapy. However, there is a lack of validated instruments in Spanish addressing this need. The Swimming with Independent Measure (SWIM) assesses functional performance in aquatic environments across typical and atypical development. This study aimed to cross-culturally adapt and to evaluate content equivalence and face validity of the SWIM for use with Spanish-speaking professionals working in aquatic environments with children and adolescents. METHOD: A methodological study was conducted to perform the cross-cultural adaptation of the SWIM and evaluate its content equivalence and face validity. Cross-cultural adaptation followed Beaton's six-phase methodology: translation, synthesis, back-translation, expert committee review, and pilot testing. Two translators and two back-translators performed the linguistic adaptation. A multidisciplinary expert committee (n = 5) evaluated content equivalence, and 20 professionals meeting predefined eligibility criteria participated in pilot testing. Content equivalence was assessed during the expert committee review, while face validity was evaluated during pilot testing. RESULTS: After two expert committee rounds, 83.6% of items were classified as conceptually equivalent and 16.4% as similar. Content equivalence indices improved from Ave-CVI = 0.93 to 1.00 and UA-CVI = 0.73 to 1.00. Pilot testing with 20 professionals confirmed adequate comprehensibility, requiring minor revisions to a few items. The final Spanish version showed adequate content equivalence and satisfactory face validity. CONCLUSIONS: The Spanish version of the SWIM was cross-culturally adapted, demonstrating semantic, conceptual, idiomatic, and content equivalence with the original, and showed adequate face validity. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Gavina-Barroso, Maria Isabel AU - Gavina-Barroso MI AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5685-7252 AD - Universidad Europea de Madrid. Faculty of Medicine, Health and Sports. Department of Physiotherapy. Campus de Villaviciosa, Calle Tajo s/n, Villaviciosa de Odon, Madrid, 28670, Spain. FAU - Pacheco-da-Costa, Soraya AU - Pacheco-da-Costa S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2226-3560 AD - Universidad de Alcala. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy. Neuromusculoskeletal Physical Therapy in Stages of Life Research Group (FINEMEV). Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), Campus Universitario Externo, Autovia A2, km 33,200, Alcala de Henares, 28805, Spain. soraya.pacheco@uah.es. FAU - Rodriguez-Costa, Isabel AU - Rodriguez-Costa I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6645-2187 AD - Universidad de Alcala. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Nursing and Physical Therapy, Humanization in the Intervention of Physiotherapy for the Integral Attention to the People (HIPATIA) Research Group, Campus Universitario Externo, Autovia A2, km 33,200, Alcala de Henares, 28805, Spain. FAU - Garcia-Perez-de-Sevilla, Guillermo AU - Garcia-Perez-de-Sevilla G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2689-1767 AD - Universidad Europea de Madrid. Faculty of Medicine, Health and Sports. Department of Physiotherapy, Campus de Villaviciosa, Calle Tajo s/n, Villaviciosa de Odon, Madrid, 28670, Spain. FAU - Martinez-Caro, Leticia AU - Martinez-Caro L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3486-4678 AD - Faculty of Health Sciences, UNIR., Avda. de La Paz, 137, Logrono, La Rioja, 26006, Spain. FAU - Sanchez-Sanchez, Beatriz AU - Sanchez-Sanchez B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0223-9707 AD - Universidad de Alcala. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Physiotherapy in Women's Health (FPSM) Research Group, Campus Universitario Externo, Autovia A2, km 33,200, Alcala de Henares, 28805, Spain. AD - Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research - IRYCIS, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, 28034, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260616 PL - England TA - BMC Pediatr JT - BMC pediatrics JID - 100967804 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Swimming/physiology MH - *Cross-Cultural Comparison MH - Child MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Adolescent MH - Translations MH - Spain MH - Male MH - Female MH - Pilot Projects PMC - PMC13520382 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Aquatic functional abilities OT - Aquatic therapy OT - Content equivalence OT - Cross-cultural adaptation OT - Face validity OT - Halliwick concept OT - Motor function in water COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Hospital Clinico San Carlos Ethics Committee, under the reference number CI 19/495-E. All procedures were conducted in accordance with established ethical standards and relevant guidelines. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/17 06:32 MHDA- 2026/08/27 05:35 PMCR- 2026/06/16 CRDT- 2026/06/17 00:05 PHST- 2025/07/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/27 05:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/17 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/17 00:05 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07054-4 [pii] AID - 7054 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-07054-4 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pediatr. 2026 Jun 16;26(1):796. doi: 10.1186/s12887-026-07054-4. PMID- 42302708 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260707 LR - 20260707 IS - 1525-1438 (Electronic) IS - 1048-891X (Linking) VI - 36 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Menopausal hormone therapy prescription and ovary-sparing surgery in women with pre-menopausal endometrial cancer: a Swedish PremEnCa study. PG - 104776 LID - S1048-891X(26)00307-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ijgc.2026.104776 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: The use of ovary-sparing surgery and menopausal hormone therapy after endometrial cancer is controversial, requiring a balance between a presumed increased risk of recurrence and the well-known adverse effects of premature menopause. Studies on this topic, specifically in pre-menopausal women, are scarce and heterogeneous. This nationwide, population-based, retrospectively conducted cohort study aimed to describe the use of ovary-sparing surgery and post-treatment menopausal hormone therapy in pre-menopausal women with endometrial cancer and to analyze related factors. METHODS: The study population comprised women aged 0.05). Gender-specific analysis revealed significant differences between the control group and all three AIS subgroups in women (p < 0.05), while in males, significant differences were seen solely between the mild and moderate AIS groups and the control group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest elevated 2D:4D ratios may signify reduced androgen or increased estrogen exposure during the prenatal phase and are correlated with AIS. The 2D:4D ratio may function as an economical, non-invasive biomarker for AIS. Subsequent research should investigate the viability of this biomarker for clinical screening and therapeutic strategizing. This work is among the first in the literature to assess the 2D:4D ratio in relation to AIS, indicating its potential to significantly enhance the existing body of research. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Isik, Mustafa AU - Isik M AD - Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, School of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey. FAU - Unat, Beytullah AU - Unat B AD - Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, School of Medicine, Gaziantep Islam Science and Technology University, Gaziantep, Turkey. FAU - Gonder, Nevzat AU - Gonder N AD - Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, School of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey. FAU - Kaya, Onur AU - Kaya O AD - Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Gaziantep City Hospital, Gaziantep, Turkey. FAU - Ozturk, Cansu AU - Ozturk C AD - Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Gaziantep Islam Science and Technology University, Gaziantep, Turkey; Gaziantep University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gaziantep, Turkey. FAU - Tasdemir, Rabia AU - Tasdemir R AD - Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Gaziantep Islam Science and Technology University, Gaziantep, Turkey. Electronic address: rabia.tasdemir@gibtu.edu.tr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260610 PL - Ireland TA - Early Hum Dev JT - Early human development JID - 7708381 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Scoliosis/diagnostic imaging/epidemiology MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Child MH - Male MH - *Fingers/diagnostic imaging/anatomy & histology MH - *Digit Ratios MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Cross-Sectional Studies OTO - NOTNLM OT - 2D:4D ratio OT - Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis OT - Biomarker OT - Cobb angle OT - Prenatal hormones COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/06/17 00:36 MHDA- 2026/09/04 23:36 CRDT- 2026/06/16 18:07 PHST- 2026/04/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/04 23:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/17 00:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/16 18:07 [entrez] AID - S0378-3782(26)00133-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2026.106608 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Early Hum Dev. 2026 Nov;222:106608. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2026.106608. Epub 2026 Jun 10. PMID- 42302445 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260907 LR - 20260907 IS - 1532-8449 (Electronic) IS - 0882-5963 (Linking) VI - 90 DP - 2026 Sep-Oct TI - Adaptation of the Mindful Eating Scale to Turkish for the adolescent population: A validity and reliability study. PG - 184-192 LID - S0882-5963(26)00275-7 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.pedn.2026.06.010 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Mindful Eating Scale among adolescents. METHOD: The research was conducted methodologically with a sample of 800 adolescents. Data were collected using a Sociodemographic Information Form and the Mindful Eating Scale. Statistical analyses included language, content, and construct validity (Confirmatory Factor Analysis), as well as internal consistency and test-retest reliability. RESULTS: The mean age of the adolescents participating in the study was 15.72 +/- 0.87. the final scale consisted of 24 item and six sub-dimensions. Of the adolescents, 94.3% did not have any nutrition-related diseases, 58.1% had knowledge about mindful eating, and 83.3% had not received nutrition education. Factor loadings of the scale were found to range between 0.317 and 0.846. All items significantly contributed to their respective factors. Fit indices were found to be chi2/df = 3.489, GFI = 0.91, IFI = 0.90, CFI = 0.90, RMSEA = 0.05, and SRMR = 0.06. These values indicate that the scale's fit is acceptable and at a good level. Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the scale was 0.78, indicating good internal consistency. CONCLUSION: The Mindful Eating Scale, presented in its Turkish version, is a valid and reliable tool. It can be effectively used by school counselors, dietitians, pediatric nurses and healthcare providers and researchers to assess nutritional behaviors in adolescent populations and develop mindful awareness-based interventions. CI - Copyright (c) 2026. Published by Elsevier Inc. FAU - Arslan, Nurten AU - Arslan N AD - Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey. Electronic address: nurten.arslan@beun.edu.tr. FAU - Kurtuncu, Meltem AU - Kurtuncu M AD - Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey. FAU - Celik, Melike Yavas AU - Celik MY AD - Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazianetep University, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260616 PL - United States TA - J Pediatr Nurs JT - Journal of pediatric nursing JID - 8607529 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Turkey MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Female MH - Psychometrics MH - Male MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Mindfulness MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - *Adolescent Behavior/psychology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent OT - Adolescent nutrition OT - Awareness OT - Mindful eating OT - Psychometric properties OT - Validity and reliability COIS- Declaration of competing interest There is no conflict of interest between the authors. EDAT- 2026/06/17 00:36 MHDA- 2026/09/07 23:34 CRDT- 2026/06/16 18:04 PHST- 2026/01/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/07 23:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/17 00:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/16 18:04 [entrez] AID - S0882-5963(26)00275-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.pedn.2026.06.010 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Pediatr Nurs. 2026 Sep-Oct;90:184-192. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2026.06.010. Epub 2026 Jun 16. PMID- 42298961 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260708 IS - 1475-2662 (Electronic) IS - 0007-1145 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jun 16 TI - Diet quality and risk of using medication for hypertension up to 11 years after delivery: testing the predictive validity of a proposed revision of the Nutri-Score and the current Nutri-Score in the NewTools project. PG - 1-9 LID - 10.1017/S0007114526107697 [doi] AB - The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive validity of a proposed revision of the Nutri-Score and the current Nutri-Score by investigating associations between the diet quality scores measured in mid-pregnancy and the risk of dispensed prescription of medications for hypertension up to 11 years following delivery and blood pressure mid-pregnancy. The study population (n 70 730) were participants in the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study. Food intake was assessed in mid-pregnancy using a validated FFQ. Nutritional scores for each food item were calculated based on content of energy, sugars, saturated fat, salt, fibre, protein, fruit, vegetables and legumes. Diet quality scores were derived using energy-weighted means of nutritional scores. Anti-hypertensive medications were registered in the national prescription database. We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) with 95 % CIs using Cox regression models. During a mean follow-up of 6 years, 4736 (6.7 %) women were dispensed prescription for medications for hypertension. There was a non-linear association between diet quality and hypertension medication. Compared with the median diet quality score, poorer diet quality (90th percentile of the score) was associated with higher risk of medications for hypertension (HR = 1.08, 95 % CI 1.02, 1.14) and cross-sectional high diastolic blood pressure (OR = 1.18, 95 % CI 1.03, 1.32). Both diet quality scores yielded similar results overall. Poorer diet quality during pregnancy, assessed with a proposed version, and the current Nutri-Score, was associated with a higher risk of medications for hypertension, indicating its usefulness as a valuable tool for guiding consumers and improving public health. FAU - Amberntsson, Anna AU - Amberntsson A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3510-9789 AD - Department of Food Safety, https://ror.org/046nvst19Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway. AD - Centre for Sustainable Diets, https://ror.org/046nvst19Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway. FAU - Abel, Marianne Hope AU - Abel MH AD - Centre for Sustainable Diets, https://ror.org/046nvst19Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway. AD - Centre for Evaluation of Public Health Measures, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway. AD - Department of Physical Health and Ageing, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway. FAU - Paulsen, Mari Mohn AU - Paulsen MM AD - Department of Food Safety, https://ror.org/046nvst19Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway. AD - Centre for Sustainable Diets, https://ror.org/046nvst19Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway. FAU - Andersen, Lene Frost AU - Andersen LF AD - Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway. FAU - Oyen, Jannike AU - Oyen J AD - Department of Seafood and Nutrition, Institute of Marine Research, Norway. AD - Centre for Nutrition, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Norway. FAU - Rosendahl-Riise, Hanne AU - Rosendahl-Riise H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1497-416X AD - Centre for Nutrition, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Norway. FAU - Brantsaeter, Anne Lise AU - Brantsaeter AL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6315-7134 AD - Department of Food Safety, https://ror.org/046nvst19Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway. AD - Centre for Sustainable Diets, https://ror.org/046nvst19Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260616 PL - England TA - Br J Nutr JT - The British journal of nutrition JID - 0372547 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Food rating system OT - Front-of-pack nutrition label OT - MoBa OT - Nutri-Score OT - Nutrient profiling OT - Nutritional quality OT - Predictive validity EDAT- 2026/06/16 06:35 MHDA- 2026/06/16 06:35 CRDT- 2026/06/16 02:43 PHST- 2026/06/16 06:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/16 06:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/16 02:43 [entrez] AID - S0007114526107697 [pii] AID - 10.1017/S0007114526107697 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Br J Nutr. 2026 Jun 16:1-9. doi: 10.1017/S0007114526107697. PMID- 42298737 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260821 LR - 20260823 IS - 2055-5784 (Print) IS - 2055-5784 (Electronic) IS - 2055-5784 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 15 TI - GAIN: a multicenter pilot protocol for early initiation of enteral feeds in neonates with simple gastroschisis. LID - 10.1186/s40814-026-01860-4 [doi] LID - 123 AB - BACKGROUND: Gastroschisis is a congenital abdominal wall defect characterized by severe gut dysmotility. These neonates often face lengthy hospital stays, prolonged parenteral nutrition dependence, and complications such as growth faltering, sepsis, and intestinal failure. Feeding practices for neonates with gastroschisis vary and emphasize extended bowel rest and delayed feeding initiation. Usual practices in determining timing to start feeds include awaiting return of bowel function which typically consists of low Replogle output volume, color changing from bilious to clear and/or passing stool. However, emerging studies suggest that early initiation of feeds through standardized protocols may improve outcomes. The Gastroschisis And Early Infant Nutrition (GAIN) Study aims to test the feasibility of an early feeding approach in neonates with simple gastroschisis. METHODS: This two-site single-arm feasibility trial aims to enroll neonates with presumed simple gastroschisis over 30 months. The intervention has two main components: Replogle suction tube removal within 24 h of abdominal closure and starting small-volume human milk feeds within 48 h of abdominal closure. Feeding volume will be advanced as tolerated, following the University of California Fetal Consortium pathway, which is standard care. Feasibility outcomes include enrollment rate, protocol adherence, fidelity, and withdrawal rate. Exploratory outcomes include hospitalization length, time to full feeds, duration of parenteral nutrition, use of human milk, breastfeeding rates, and anthropometric measurements. Safety measures involve monitoring for feeding-related complications, infections, and unexpected surgical interventions. DISCUSSION: This feasibility trial of early feeding initiation in neonates with gastroschisis is a critical step towards addressing the need for a standardized feeding approach. Findings will inform future clinical trials and challenge the need for prolonged bowel rest. Standardizing early feeding practices could reduce practice variation, improve gut motility, and the overall health of neonates with gastroschisis. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: NCT06878950. CI - (c) 2026. This is a U.S. Government work and not under copyright protection in the US; foreign copyright protection may apply. FAU - Cacho, Nicole T AU - Cacho NT AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA. FAU - Cera, Anjali J AU - Cera AJ AD - Department of Pediatrics, Kaiser Permanente, Roseville, CA, 95661, USA. FAU - Tancredi, Daniel J AU - Tancredi DJ AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA. FAU - Wieck, Minna M AU - Wieck MM AD - Department of Surgery, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA. FAU - Anderson, Jamie E AU - Anderson JE AD - Department of Surgery, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA. FAU - Leegwater, Alexandra J AU - Leegwater AJ AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA. FAU - Uy, Cherry C AU - Uy CC AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. FAU - Guner, Yigit S AU - Guner YS AD - Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, CA, 92868, USA. FAU - DeUgarte, Daniel A AU - DeUgarte DA AD - Department of Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA. FAU - Rosenthal, Jennifer L AU - Rosenthal JL AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA. FAU - Calkins, Kara L AU - Calkins KL AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA. FAU - Bautista, Geoanna M AU - Bautista GM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0245-9272 AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA. gmbautista@health.ucdavis.edu. CN - University of California Fetal Consortium (UCfC) LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT06878950 GR - K08 DK143334/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - KL2 TR001859/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States GR - L40 DK137356/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - UL1 TR001860/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260615 PL - England TA - Pilot Feasibility Stud JT - Pilot and feasibility studies JID - 101676536 PMC - PMC13495323 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Early feeds OT - Feasibility trial OT - Gastroschisis OT - Neonatal intensive care unit OT - Rare disease COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: If the parent is eligible and agrees to participate, they must sign a paper consent form within the first 24 h of abdominal closure. If signed during pregnancy, the infant will undergo additional screening at delivery to ensure they meet study criteria. The signed form, containing identifiable information, will be stored in a locked cabinet in the NICU, accessible only to study staff. A copy will be uploaded to the electronic medical records of either the mother, the infant, or both. Parents will receive a signed copy for their records. Obtaining local IRB-approved informed consent is a basic ethical obligation and a legal requirement for researchers unless waived by the IRB. Informed consent is a key protection defined by: HHS regulations at 45 CFR part 46 and FDA regulations at 21 CFR part 50. Competing interests: KLC has received research support from Fresenius Kabi, Mead Johnson, and Premier Research. KLC has served as an advisor for Fresenius Kabi, Mead Johnson, Baxter, and Prolacta. KLC serves as an institutional principal investigator, with no salary funding, for a consortium database sponsored by Mead Johnson. All other authors declare that they have no competing interests. FIR - Ong, Twila IR - Ong T FIR - Bedford-Mu, Christa IR - Bedford-Mu C FIR - Wright, Katy IR - Wright K FIR - Usher, Kenzie IR - Usher K EDAT- 2026/06/16 06:35 MHDA- 2026/06/16 06:36 PMCR- 2026/06/15 CRDT- 2026/06/16 00:49 PHST- 2025/09/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/16 06:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/16 06:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/16 00:49 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s40814-026-01860-4 [pii] AID - 1860 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s40814-026-01860-4 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Pilot Feasibility Stud. 2026 Jun 15;12(1):123. doi: 10.1186/s40814-026-01860-4. PMID- 42298498 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260821 LR - 20260909 IS - 1472-6874 (Electronic) IS - 1472-6874 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 15 TI - Health-promoting lifestyle among women living in suburban areas of northeastern Iran: A cross-sectional study. LID - 10.1186/s12905-026-04605-w [doi] LID - 423 AB - INTRODUCTION: Women, especially in urban marginalized areas, face a set of challenges and limitations in the field of health promotion. Considering the key role of women in family and community health, and their vulnerability in marginalized conditions, this study aimed to examine health-promoting lifestyle in women living in urban marginalized areas, to identify their needs and provide a foundation for designing evidence-based interventions and effective policies to improve women's health. METHODS: This cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 2025 on 295 women living in a suburban area of Mashhad, northeastern Iran, using multi-stage sampling. After ethical approval and written informed consent, participants completed a demographic questionnaire and the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP-II), whose Persian version has confirmed validity and reliability in Iran (Cronbach's alpha = 0.82). Data were analyzed in SPSS version 25 using descriptive and analytical statistics including Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U, and Spearman correlation tests with a significance level of p < 0.05. RESULTS: The mean age of the women was 37.25 +/- 10.63 years and mean total health-promoting lifestyle score was 127.87 +/- 26.91, with the highest mean score in the spiritual growth dimension (26.02 +/- 5.58). Analyses showed a significant inverse relationship between age, number of children, BMI, and lifestyle score (P < 0.05), and lower lifestyle scores among women with chronic diseases such as hypertension and hyperlipidemia (P < 0.05). A significant increase in lifestyle score with higher family income (P < 0.05), and differences in mean lifestyle scores based on marital status and educational level (P < 0.05). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that the overall level of health-promoting lifestyle among women living in marginalized areas is moderate and associated with various individual and social factors. These findings suggest that improving women's health in such settings requires attention to both personal behaviors and broader economic and educational contexts. Further studies are recommended to design and assess interventions that effectively address these factors. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Rastgoo, Faezeh AU - Rastgoo F AD - Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. FAU - Davoudi, Nayyereh AU - Davoudi N AD - Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. FAU - Najafi, Samane AU - Najafi S AD - Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. FAU - Talab, HamidReza Zendeh AU - Talab HZ AD - Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. zendehtalabhr@mums.ac.ir. LA - eng GR - 4040112/Mashhad University of Medical Sciences/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260615 PL - England TA - BMC Womens Health JT - BMC women's health JID - 101088690 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Iran MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - *Suburban Population/statistics & numerical data MH - *Healthy Lifestyle MH - *Health Promotion MH - *Women's Health MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Life Style PMC - PMC13495348 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Health Promotion OT - Iran OT - Life Style OT - Suburban Population OT - Women COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran, under the ethics code IR.MUMS.NURSE.REC.1404.041. All procedures were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and relevant ethical guidelines and regulations. Eligible women were invited to participate after receiving information about the study objectives and procedures, and written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to data collection. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/16 06:35 MHDA- 2026/08/21 05:35 PMCR- 2026/06/15 CRDT- 2026/06/16 00:38 PHST- 2025/09/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/21 05:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/16 06:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/16 00:38 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12905-026-04605-w [pii] AID - 4605 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12905-026-04605-w [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Womens Health. 2026 Jun 15;26(1):423. doi: 10.1186/s12905-026-04605-w. PMID- 42298474 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260616 IS - 1471-2393 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2393 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jun 15 TI - First trimester, one-tube screening for pregnancy complications via placental biomarkers. LID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09417-2 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Early pregnancy screening to identify high-risk women for targeted prevention is effective for reducing pregnancy complications. Placental biomarkers, including PlGF and PAPP-A, are linked to adverse outcomes, yet their combined predictive value for pregnancy complications remains unclear. Here, a retrospective cohort study was conducted to assess first-trimester prediction models incorporating PlGF, PAPP-A, and maternal factors for major obstetric complications. METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study using data that were prospectively collected during first-trimester screening. A cohort study was conducted at the International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institution (Shanghai, China) from December 2021 to October 2022. A total of 4046 participants were recruited during the first-trimester screening, excluding those with miscarriages and those without delivery data. In our routine screening, all pregnant women were tested for placental growth factor (PlGF) and pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A). The mean arterial pressure (MAP) and uterine artery pulsatility index (UTPI) were also measured in accordance with the Fetal Medicine Foundation guidelines, along with maternal characteristics and medical history collected via face-to-face interviews. Multivariable logistic regression was used for model development. Model performance was evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). RESULTS: Among 4046 initially recruited participants, data from 3910 participants regarding fetal growth restriction (FGR), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), placenta previa and preterm birth (PTB) were analyzed. For the PE analysis, a subgroup of 1,588 women with available UTPI measurements was evaluated. The best models for predicting FGR were the indicator height, PAPP-A levels, and PlGF levels, with an AUC of 0.742 (95% CI: 0.633-0.851). Regarding GDM prediction, the model including BMI and PAPP-A levels had the best AUC (0.667, 95% CI: 0.622-0.713). With respect to placenta previa prediction, the model including age and PlGF levels had the best AUC (0.765, 95% CI: 0.588-0.941). For PTB, indicators such as the PlGF multiples of the median (MoM), PAPP-A, type I diabetes and systemic lupus erythematosus had the best performance, with an AUC of 0.665 (95% CI: 0.553-0.776). For PE screening using the Fetal Medicine Foundation (FMF) competing-risk model (PAPP-A, PIGF, MAP, and UTPI), the model achieved an AUC of 0.847 for preterm PE (< 37 weeks), with a detection rate of 50.00%, and an AUC of 0.777 for term PE (>/= 37 weeks), with a detection rate of 95.12% at the recommended risk cutoff of 1 in 100. CONCLUSION: First-trimester screening using PlGF, PAPP-A, and maternal factors shows preliminary associations with common obstetric complications, suggesting the potential utility of these biomarkers in early risk stratification, providing a proof-of-concept tool for early risk stratification and improved management of high-risk pregnancies to reduce maternal and fetal morbidity. However, these models require validation in larger, more diverse populations before clinical consideration. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Hua, Renyi AU - Hua R AD - International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institution (IPMCH), 910 Heng Shan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China. AD - School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China. FAU - Li, Shuyuan AU - Li S AD - International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institution (IPMCH), 910 Heng Shan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China. AD - School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China. FAU - Han, Xu AU - Han X AD - International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institution (IPMCH), 910 Heng Shan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China. AD - School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China. FAU - Tang, Ziyuan AU - Tang Z AD - Revvity, Ltd., Women and Children Diagnosis, Shanghai, China. FAU - Ye, Baoying AU - Ye B AD - International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institution (IPMCH), 910 Heng Shan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China. AD - School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China. FAU - Tan, Yuru AU - Tan Y AD - International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institution (IPMCH), 910 Heng Shan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China. AD - School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China. FAU - Wang, Shan AU - Wang S AD - International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institution (IPMCH), 910 Heng Shan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China. AD - School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China. FAU - Sun, Jinling AU - Sun J AD - International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institution (IPMCH), 910 Heng Shan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China. AD - School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China. FAU - Cheng, Weiwei AU - Cheng W AD - International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institution (IPMCH), 910 Heng Shan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China. wwcheng29@163.com. AD - School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China. wwcheng29@163.com. FAU - Wang, Yanlin AU - Wang Y AD - International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institution (IPMCH), 910 Heng Shan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China. wyanlin@163.com. AD - School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China. wyanlin@163.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260615 PL - England TA - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth JT - BMC pregnancy and childbirth JID - 100967799 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Fetal growth restriction OT - First trimester OT - Placenta previa OT - Placental biomarkers OT - Pre-eclampsia OT - Pregnancy OT - Preterm birth COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Ethics Review Board of the International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital Affiliated with the Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine (Approval No. GKLW2019-20).Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to enrollment. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/16 06:35 MHDA- 2026/06/16 06:35 CRDT- 2026/06/16 00:37 PHST- 2025/02/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/16 06:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/16 06:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/16 00:37 [entrez] AID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09417-2 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09417-2 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2026 Jun 15. doi: 10.1186/s12884-026-09417-2. PMID- 42298466 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260826 LR - 20260828 IS - 1471-2431 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2431 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 15 TI - Impact of early postoperative enteral nutrition initiation timing on infection rate and nutritional status in children with congenital heart disease. LID - 10.1186/s12887-026-06975-4 [doi] LID - 784 AB - BACKGROUND: The optimal timing for initiating enteral nutrition after congenital heart disease surgery remains controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of early versus delayed enteral nutrition initiation on postoperative infection rate and nutritional status in pediatric congenital heart disease patients. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 246 children (aged 1 month to 3 years) who underwent congenital heart disease surgery between January 2021 and December 2023. Patients were divided into early enteral nutrition group (enteral nutrition initiated 24 h postoperatively, n = 118). Primary outcomes included postoperative infection rate and nutritional parameters. Secondary outcomes included ICU length of stay, hospital length of stay, and mechanical ventilation duration. RESULTS: The early enteral nutrition group demonstrated significantly lower nosocomial infection rate (14.84% vs. 27.12%, P = 0.016) and surgical site infection rate (3.91% vs. 10.17%, P = 0.047). Postoperative day 7 serum albumin (35.62 +/- 4.18 vs. 32.47 +/- 5.23 g/L, P < 0.001) and prealbumin levels (168.35 +/- 42.67 vs. 142.58 +/- 38.94 mg/L, P < 0.001) were significantly higher in the early enteral nutrition group. The early enteral nutrition group also showed shorter ICU stay (5.38 +/- 2.14 vs. 7.25 +/- 3.42 days, P < 0.001) and hospital stay (12.45 +/- 4.36 vs. 16.82 +/- 5.78 days, P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression identified delayed enteral nutrition initiation as an independent risk factor for nosocomial infection (OR = 2.18, 95% CI: 1.12-4.24, P = 0.022). CONCLUSIONS: In this retrospective cohort study, early enteral nutrition initiation within 24 h after congenital heart disease surgery was associated with reduced infection rates, improved nutritional status, and shorter hospital stay in pediatric patients, predominantly those undergoing repair of septal defects. These observations suggest a potential benefit of early enteral nutrition in selected pediatric cardiac surgery patients; however, prospective validation is warranted before broad implementation, given the inherent limitations of the retrospective design and the predominantly lower-complexity patient population studied. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Ye, Li AU - Ye L AD - Department of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China. xiaoyeer2025@163.com. FAU - Chen, Maoting AU - Chen M AD - Department of Nursing, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China. FAU - Wei, Qianling AU - Wei Q AD - Department of Nursing, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China. FAU - Wang, Yue AU - Wang Y AD - Department of Nursing, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260615 PL - England TA - BMC Pediatr JT - BMC pediatrics JID - 100967804 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Heart Defects, Congenital/surgery MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Infant MH - *Enteral Nutrition/methods MH - *Nutritional Status MH - Female MH - Child, Preschool MH - Length of Stay/statistics & numerical data MH - Male MH - Time Factors MH - *Postoperative Care/methods MH - *Cross Infection/epidemiology/prevention & control MH - *Surgical Wound Infection/epidemiology/prevention & control MH - *Postoperative Complications/prevention & control/epidemiology MH - Respiration, Artificial/statistics & numerical data MH - Cardiac Surgical Procedures PMC - PMC13508520 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Congenital heart disease OT - Enteral nutrition OT - Infection OT - Nutritional status OT - Pediatric cardiac surgery COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Institutional Review Board of West China Hospital of Sichuan University (approval number: 2025PS1899K). Given the retrospective nature of this study, the requirement for informed consent was waived by the Institutional Review Board of West China Hospital of Sichuan University in accordance with the national regulations for medical research involving human subjects. All study participants were minors (under the age of 16 years), and although individual informed consent was waived for this retrospective analysis, all included patients' parents or legal guardians had provided written informed consent for the original medical procedures and the use of anonymized medical data for research purposes at the time of hospital admission, as per institutional policy. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/16 06:35 MHDA- 2026/08/26 05:36 PMCR- 2026/06/15 CRDT- 2026/06/16 00:36 PHST- 2026/01/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/26 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/16 06:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/16 00:36 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-06975-4 [pii] AID - 6975 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-06975-4 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pediatr. 2026 Jun 15;26(1):784. doi: 10.1186/s12887-026-06975-4. PMID- 42298014 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260615 IS - 1530-0447 (Electronic) IS - 0031-3998 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jun 15 TI - Nutritional screening predicts prolonged stay in LMIC pediatric oncology settings: SCAN validation in Brazilian children. LID - 10.1038/s41390-026-05200-3 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Malnutrition affects 50-90% of children with cancer in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and worsens clinical outcomes. The Nutrition Screening Tool for Childhood Cancer (SCAN) is cancer-specific but has not been validated in Brazilian Portuguese. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the Brazilian Portuguese SCAN (SCAN pt-BR) against STRONGkids and to examine its association with prolonged hospitalization and ICU admission. METHODS: Prospective diagnostic-accuracy study at a tertiary pediatric oncology center in Brazil (February-December 2021). Consecutive inpatients aged 1-18 years with expected stay >/=48 h were screened within 24-48 h of admission by pediatric dietitians using SCAN pt-BR and STRONGkids. RESULTS: Of 262 children (median age 8.8 years, 52.7% male, 41.2% hematologic malignancies), 70.2% were classified as at risk by SCAN pt-BR. Against STRONGkids >/=4, SCAN showed sensitivity 94.6%, specificity 43.2%, and ROC-AUC 0.863. SCAN risk independently predicted prolonged stay (adjusted OR 2.33, 95% CI 1.29-4.30, p = 0.006) but not ICU admission (adjusted OR 0.96, p = 0.899). CONCLUSION: SCAN pt-BR showed adequate screening performance and independently predicted prolonged hospitalization in Brazilian children with cancer. These results support its use for admission nutritional triage in LMIC pediatric oncology settings. IMPACT: SCAN identified 70.2% of children as at nutritional risk and predicted prolonged hospitalization (adjusted OR 2.33, 95% CI 1.29-4.30) independently of age, tumor group, and STRONGkids classification. Against STRONGkids high-risk classification, SCAN pt-BR showed high sensitivity (94.6%), high negative predictive value (93.6%), and ROC-AUC of 0.863. Gastrointestinal symptoms, poor oral intake, and recent weight loss were the most frequently endorsed symptom-related items that children classified as at nutritional risk, suggesting that SCAN detects acute nutritional deterioration rather than static disease characteristics. Routine application at admission could direct early dietetic referral to children most likely to require prolonged inpatient care. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Duarte, Mariana Murra AU - Duarte MM AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition, Children's Cancer Hospital, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, SP, Brazil. FAU - da Silva, Marielle Ferreira AU - da Silva MF AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition, Children's Cancer Hospital, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, SP, Brazil. FAU - Alexandre, Maynara Cristina AU - Alexandre MC AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition, Children's Cancer Hospital, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, SP, Brazil. FAU - Fermino, Marise Lopes AU - Fermino ML AD - Barretos Medical School, Faculdade de Ciencias da Saude "Dr Paulo Prata" (FACISB), Barretos, SP, Brazil. FAU - do Nascimento, Ana Laura Balduino AU - do Nascimento ALB AD - Barretos Medical School, Faculdade de Ciencias da Saude "Dr Paulo Prata" (FACISB), Barretos, SP, Brazil. AD - "Innovation in Healthcare" Post-graduation Program, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, SP, Brazil. FAU - de Oliveira, Wilson Elias Jr AU - de Oliveira WE Jr AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9812-6282 AD - "Innovation in Healthcare" Post-graduation Program, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, SP, Brazil. woliveirajr.cipe@gmail.com. AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Cancer Hospital, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, SP, Brazil. woliveirajr.cipe@gmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260615 PL - United States TA - Pediatr Res JT - Pediatric research JID - 0100714 SB - IM COIS- Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Consent statement: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and Brazilian national research ethics guidelines. The protocol was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Hospital de Cancer de Barretos (REB #3.827.548/2019). Written informed consent was obtained from all parents or legal guardians before enrollment. EDAT- 2026/06/16 00:33 MHDA- 2026/06/16 00:33 CRDT- 2026/06/15 23:37 PHST- 2026/02/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/16 00:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/16 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/15 23:37 [entrez] AID - 10.1038/s41390-026-05200-3 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41390-026-05200-3 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Pediatr Res. 2026 Jun 15. doi: 10.1038/s41390-026-05200-3. PMID- 42298003 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260901 LR - 20261023 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 15 TI - Dietary patterns are associated with premenstrual symptoms: a cross-sectional study among women from Central Europe. LID - 10.1038/s41598-026-58236-0 [doi] LID - 27317 AB - To date, only a few studies have examined the relationship between dietary patterns and premenstrual syndrome (PMS), and these have been limited to Asian populations with inconclusive results, while studies in European populations are lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the associations between dietary patterns and the severity of PMS in young women from a European population. This cross-sectional study included 609 women aged 18-35 years. Premenstrual symptoms and their severity were assessed using the validated Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool, dietary intake data were collected using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire, and dietary patterns were determined via K-means clustering of 13 food groups. Three dietary patterns (DPs) were identified: Healthy-DP, Western-DP, and Low-food-DP (characterized by low consumption of all food groups). In the multivariable-adjusted logistic regression model, compared with the Healthy-DP, women adhering to the Western-DP had significantly higher odds of being classified into the Severe-PMS group (OR:2.35, 95%CI:1.02-5.44). Similarly, those following the Low-food-DP had higher odds of both Moderate-PMS (OR:2.92, 95%CI:1.09-7.84) and Severe-PMS (OR:3.01, 95% CI:1.14-7.92). These findings highlight potential associations between dietary patterns and PMS severity; however, due to the cross-sectional design of the study, no causal conclusions can be drawn. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Granda, Dominika AU - Granda D AD - Department of Nutrition Physiology, Institute of Sport, National Research Institute, Trylogii 2/16, Warsaw, 01-982, Poland. dominika.granda@insp.pl. AD - Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 166, Warsaw, 02-787, Poland. dominika.granda@insp.pl. FAU - Szmidt, Maria Karolina AU - Szmidt MK AD - Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 166, Warsaw, 02-787, Poland. maria_szmidt@sggw.edu.pl. FAU - Jarmuzek-Orska, Patrycja AU - Jarmuzek-Orska P AD - Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics with Gynecologic Oncology, Ludwik Rydygier Memorial Specialized Hospital, Zlotej Jesieni 1, Cracow, 31-826, Poland. FAU - Kaluza, Joanna AU - Kaluza J AD - Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 166, Warsaw, 02-787, Poland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20260615 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Premenstrual Syndrome/epidemiology/etiology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adult MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - *Diet/adverse effects MH - Europe/epidemiology MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Surveys and Questionnaires PMC - PMC13530195 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cluster analysis OT - Diet OT - Dietary patterns OT - Nutrition OT - Premenstrual syndrome OT - Premenstrual syndrome screening tool COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/16 00:33 MHDA- 2026/09/01 05:41 PMCR- 2026/06/15 CRDT- 2026/06/15 23:37 PHST- 2025/10/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/01 05:41 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/16 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/15 23:37 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-58236-0 [pii] AID - 58236 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-58236-0 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2026 Jun 15;16(1):27317. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-58236-0. PMID- 42297455 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260615 LR - 20260813 IS - 2044-6055 (Electronic) IS - 2044-6055 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun 15 TI - Tuberculosis death prediction calculator for prospective use at diagnosis in resource-constrained programme settings: a statewide cohort study. PG - e116110 LID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2025-116110 [doi] LID - e116110 AB - OBJECTIVES: To develop predictive models for early and overall tuberculosis (TB) deaths for prospective use at TB diagnosis in resource-constrained TB programme settings. DESIGN: Statewide cohort study using routinely captured secondary data. SETTING: With the majority of TB deaths being early (within 2 months), India's TB programme's information management system (Ni-kshay)-dependent death prediction models (using age, gender, TB site, previous treatment, microbiological confirmation, HIV, diabetes and bank account availability) are not feasible for prospective use, as few variables are captured at diagnosis. Utilising routinely captured triage variables for severe illness at diagnosis (body mass index, pedal oedema, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation and ability to stand without support) from an ongoing statewide and state-specific differentiated TB care initiative to reduce TB deaths in Tamil Nadu state (southern India, 80 million population with 0.1 million annual notifications), robust models for prospective use were developed. PARTICIPANTS: Adults (aged >/=15 years) with TB (not known to be drug-resistant at diagnosis) that were notified from public facilities of Tamil Nadu from July 2022 to June 2023. OUTCOME MEASURES: Early and overall (within 12 months of notification) TB deaths. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to assess accuracy of models built using modified Poisson regression. RESULTS: Among 55 971 adults, the overall death rate was 7.4%, and 67.9% of the deaths were early. In predicting overall deaths, accuracy of the model using all Ni-kshay variables (AUC 0.716 (95% CI 0.707 to 0.725)) was as good as the model using triage variables for severe illness only (AUC 0.701 (95% CI 0.691 to 0.711)). To the latter, adding potentially capturable Ni-kshay variables at diagnosis (age, gender, TB site, previous treatment and microbiological confirmation) significantly improved model accuracy (AUC 0.754 (95% CI 0.745 to 0.763)). Further addition of remaining Ni-kshay variables did not improve accuracy significantly. Death prediction equations were generated for these models. CONCLUSION: Simple and easily measurable triage variables for severe illness should be routinely captured at TB diagnosis. A death prediction calculator (http://44.208.93.99/) based on these variables (specifically triage variables for severe illness combined with age, gender, TB site, previous treatment and microbiological confirmation) may be used by Indian states and high TB burden countries seeking scalable, data-driven interventions to reduce TB deaths. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ Group. FAU - Shanmugasundaram, Suseendar AU - Shanmugasundaram S AD - Health Systems Research, ICMR National Institute of Epidemiology (ICMR-NIE), Chennai, India. FAU - Shewade, Hemant Deepak AU - Shewade HD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8242-1911 AD - Health Systems Research, ICMR National Institute of Epidemiology (ICMR-NIE), Chennai, India hemantjipmer@gmail.com. FAU - Srinivasan, Ramalingam AU - Srinivasan R AD - Infectious Disease Epidemiology, ICMR National Institute of Epidemiology (ICMR-NIE), Chennai, India. FAU - Frederick, Asha AU - Frederick A AD - State TB Office, Government of Tamil Nadu, Chennai, India. FAU - Sabarinathan, Ramasamy AU - Sabarinathan R AD - Computing and Information Sciences, ICMR National Institute of Epidemiology (ICMR-NIE), Chennai, India. FAU - Harish, Premkumar AU - Harish P AD - ICMR National Institute of Epidemiology (ICMR-NIE), Chennai, India. FAU - Balu, Deepan AU - Balu D AD - S.A. Engineering College, Chennai, Chennai, India. FAU - Melfha, Jeen M AU - Melfha JM AD - Health Systems Research, ICMR National Institute of Epidemiology (ICMR-NIE), Chennai, India. FAU - Gayathri, Kumari AU - Gayathri K AD - School of Public Health, ICMR National Institute of Epidemiology (ICMR-NIE), Chennai, India. FAU - Vijayaprabha, Radhakrishnan AU - Vijayaprabha R AD - Health Systems Research, ICMR National Institute of Epidemiology (ICMR-NIE), Chennai, India. FAU - Jeyakumar, Annadurai AU - Jeyakumar A AD - School of Public Health, ICMR National Institute of Epidemiology (ICMR-NIE), Chennai, India. FAU - Kabir, Dilsadh AU - Kabir D AD - Health Systems Research, ICMR National Institute of Epidemiology (ICMR-NIE), Chennai, India. FAU - Eraivan, Meikappan AU - Eraivan M AD - State TB Office, Government of Tamil Nadu, Chennai, India. FAU - Bhatnagar, Tarun AU - Bhatnagar T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5603-1418 AD - School of Public Health, ICMR National Institute of Epidemiology (ICMR-NIE), Chennai, India. FAU - Murhekar, Manoj V AU - Murhekar MV AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1720-7628 AD - Infectious Disease Epidemiology, ICMR National Institute of Epidemiology (ICMR-NIE), Chennai, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260615 PL - England TA - BMJ Open JT - BMJ open JID - 101552874 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - India/epidemiology MH - *Tuberculosis/mortality/diagnosis MH - Adult MH - Male MH - Resource-Limited Settings MH - Female MH - Prospective Studies MH - Middle Aged MH - Young Adult MH - Triage MH - Adolescent MH - Cohort Studies MH - ROC Curve PMC - PMC13319640 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Differentiated TB care OT - Operational Research OT - Predictive models OT - Risk stratification OT - TB mortality OT - Triaging for severe illness COIS- Competing interests: None. EDAT- 2026/06/16 00:33 MHDA- 2026/06/16 00:34 PMCR- 2026/06/15 CRDT- 2026/06/15 20:53 PHST- 2026/06/16 00:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/16 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/15 20:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjopen-2025-116110 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2025-116110 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Open. 2026 Jun 15;16(6):e116110. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2025-116110. PMID- 42297336 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260915 LR - 20260915 IS - 1097-6833 (Electronic) IS - 0022-3476 (Linking) VI - 297 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Ambulatory Blood Pressure Thresholds and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Children Aged 6-12 Years: A Pediatric Nephrology Research Consortium Study. PG - 115194 LID - S0022-3476(26)00222-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jpeds.2026.115194 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) thresholds for predicting left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in children aged 6-12 years. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective, multicenter study was conducted across 11 Pediatric Nephrology Research Consortium sites and included children aged 6-12 years who underwent ABPM and 2-dimensional echocardiography for diagnostic assessment of elevated BP. The diagnostic accuracy of fixed ABPM thresholds and the current 95th percentile for sex and height were assessed using area under the receiver operating characteristic, sensitivity, specificity, and Youden index. Multivariable logistic regression models, adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index z-score, were used to evaluate associations of ABPM thresholds with LVH. RESULTS: Among 279 children, hypertension was present in 51% and LVH in approximately 20%. Across all systolic and diastolic ABPM thresholds tested, area under the receiver operating characteristic values ranged from 0.5 to 0.6, indicating poor discriminatory performance, including analyses restricted to children without chronic kidney disease or obesity. Although daytime and 24-hour BP thresholds were not significantly associated with LVH, a night-time systolic BP of >/=110 mm Hg and a night-time diastolic BP of >/=70 mm Hg both increased the odds of LVH by approximately 2-fold (OR for night-time SBP, 1.93; 95% CI, 1.07-3.50; P = .03; and OR for night-time DBP, 2.27; 95% CI, 1.08-4.76; P = .03). CONCLUSIONS: In this multicenter cohort of US children aged 6-12 years, percentile-based and fixed ABPM thresholds demonstrated limited ability to discriminate LVH. Night-time systolic and diastolic BPs showed the strongest associations with LVH, underscoring the importance of nocturnal BP assessment. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Jahan, Afsana AU - Jahan A AD - Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Northwell Health, Cohen Children's Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY. FAU - Schuchman, Matthew AU - Schuchman M AD - Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Northwell Health, Cohen Children's Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY. FAU - Abdullah, Mahie AU - Abdullah M AD - Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Northwell Health, Cohen Children's Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY. FAU - McLaughlin, Meghan AU - McLaughlin M AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY. FAU - Cadiz, Emilia Maria AU - Cadiz EM AD - Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Phoenix Children Hospital, Phoenix, AZ. FAU - Manchanda, Eshanika AU - Manchanda E AD - Department of Nephrology, Children's Mercy Hospital, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO. FAU - Chishti, Aftab AU - Chishti A AD - Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Golisano Children's at the University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY. FAU - Murphy, Maggie AU - Murphy M AD - Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Golisano Children's at the University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY. FAU - Twichell, Sarah AU - Twichell S AD - Division pf Pediatric Nephrology, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT. FAU - Mazo, Alexandra AU - Mazo A AD - Pediatric Nephrology Division, Maria Fareri Children's Hospital, Westchester Medical Center, Boston Children's Health Physicians, New York Medical College, New York, NY; Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Loma Linda University Children's Hospital, Loma Linda, CA. FAU - Samsonov, Dmitry AU - Samsonov D AD - Pediatric Nephrology Division, Maria Fareri Children's Hospital, Westchester Medical Center, Boston Children's Health Physicians, New York Medical College, New York, NY. FAU - Maniar, Aesha AU - Maniar A AD - Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Atrium Health Levine Children's Specialty Center, a Facility of Carolinas Medical Center, Wake Forest, NC. FAU - Kim, Hannah AU - Kim H AD - Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY. FAU - Lomanta, Francis AU - Lomanta F AD - Division of Pediatric Nephrology & Hypertension, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT. FAU - Patibandla, Ashok Chakravarthy AU - Patibandla AC AD - Division of Pediatric Nephrology & Hypertension, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT. FAU - Frank, Rachel AU - Frank R AD - Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Northwell Health, Cohen Children's Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY. FAU - Srivastava, Tarak AU - Srivastava T AD - Department of Nephrology, Children's Mercy Hospital, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO. FAU - Yamaguchi, Ikuyo AU - Yamaguchi I AD - Division of Pediatric Nephrology & Hypertension, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT. FAU - Sethna, Christine AU - Sethna C AD - Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Northwell Health, Cohen Children's Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY. Electronic address: csethna@northwell.edu. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study DEP - 20260615 PL - United States TA - J Pediatr JT - The Journal of pediatrics JID - 0375410 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - *Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/diagnosis/physiopathology MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Hypertension/diagnosis/complications MH - Blood Pressure MH - ROC Curve MH - Echocardiography MH - Sensitivity and Specificity OTO - NOTNLM OT - ambulatory blood pressure monitoring OT - blood pressure thresholds OT - childhood hypertension OT - left ventricular hypertrophy COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest C.S. is funded by NIH/NHLBI1R01HL162912-01A1 and NIH/NIDDKR01DK131091. C.S. has served on the advisory board for Novo Nordisk, Otsuka, and Apellis and as a consultant to Travere Therapeutics. EDAT- 2026/06/16 00:33 MHDA- 2026/09/15 23:35 CRDT- 2026/06/15 19:35 PHST- 2026/02/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/15 23:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/16 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/15 19:35 [entrez] AID - S0022-3476(26)00222-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jpeds.2026.115194 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Pediatr. 2026 Oct;297:115194. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2026.115194. Epub 2026 Jun 15. PMID- 42297042 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260916 LR - 20260916 IS - 1678-4782 (Electronic) IS - 0021-7557 (Print) IS - 0021-7557 (Linking) VI - 102 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Sep-Oct TI - Validity of the Khamis-Roche method, relative to bone age, in Portuguese children and adolescents from 11 to 15 years. PG - 101578 LID - S0021-7557(26)00080-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jped.2026.101578 [doi] LID - 101578 AB - OBJECTIVE: to validate maturity status classification, based on %PAH, relative to SA, in a sample of Portuguese children and adolescents of both sexes. METHODS: BA was measured by the Tanner-Whitehouse-3 method, the PAH and %PAH were estimated by the Tanner-Whitehouse-3 method (BA- PAH, % BA-PAH) and the Khamis-Roche method (KR- PAH, %KR- PAH) in 371 children (171 girls). Intraclass Correlation Coefficients and Bland-Altman plots were performance between BA-PAH / BA-%PAH and KR- PAH/%KR- PAH methods. Two-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was made to evaluate the effect of sex and maturity status. RESULTS: The average mean differences between BA-PAH and KR-PAH was 0.2 +/- 4.2 cm in boys and 0.6 +/- 3.1 cm in girls (p > 0.05) and between BA-% PAH and KR-% PAH was -0.1 +/- 2.1% in boys and 0.4 +/- 1.8% in girls (p > 0.05). A high interclass correlation coefficient was higher than 0.91 for BA-% PAH and KR-% PAH. Early maturity status was related to negative differences between BA- KR PAH. CONCLUSION: KR % PAH presented a good agreement and might be a valid estimate of biological maturity status in average maturing children and adolescents. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Espana S.L.U. All rights reserved. FAU - Fragoso, Isabel AU - Fragoso I AD - Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Laboratory of Physiology and Biochemistry of Exercise, CIPER, Lisboa, Portugal. Electronic address: ifragoso@fmh.ulisboa.pt. FAU - Albuquerque, Joao AU - Albuquerque J AD - Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciencias, Centro de Estatistica e Aplicacoes, Lisboa, Portugal. FAU - Teles, Julia AU - Teles J AD - Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Mathematical Methods Unit, CIPER, Lisboa, Portugal. FAU - Bonito, Fabiana AU - Bonito F AD - Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Laboratory of Physiology and Biochemistry of Exercise, CIPER, Lisboa, Portugal. FAU - Massuca, Luis Miguel AU - Massuca LM AD - Universidade Lusofona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Faculdade de Educacao Fisica e Desporto, CIEFDES, Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto Superior de Ciencias Policiais e Seguranca Interna, ICPOL, Lisboa, Portugal. FAU - Moura, Fernando Paiva AU - Moura FP AD - Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Laboratory of Physiology and Biochemistry of Exercise, CIPER, Lisboa, Portugal. FAU - Barrigas, Carlos AU - Barrigas C AD - Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Laboratory of Physiology and Biochemistry of Exercise, CIPER, Lisboa, Portugal. FAU - Flores, Luis Alberto AU - Flores LA AD - Autonomous University of Chihuahua, Faculty of Physical Culture Sciences, Chihuahua, Mexico. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260703 PL - Brazil TA - J Pediatr (Rio J) JT - Jornal de pediatria JID - 2985188R SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Portugal MH - Male MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - *Age Determination by Skeleton/methods MH - Reproducibility of Results PMC - PMC13355637 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Anthropometry OT - Biological maturation OT - Percentage of adult stature OT - Somatic maturity OT - TW3 COIS- Conflicts of interest The authors report no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/16 00:33 MHDA- 2026/09/16 23:34 PMCR- 2026/07/03 CRDT- 2026/06/15 19:21 PHST- 2026/01/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/16 23:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/16 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/15 19:21 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0021-7557(26)00080-X [pii] AID - 101578 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jped.2026.101578 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Pediatr (Rio J). 2026 Sep-Oct;102(5):101578. doi: 10.1016/j.jped.2026.101578. Epub 2026 Jul 3. PMID- 28520347 STAT- Publisher DRDT- 20260616 CTDT- 20120308 PB - National Center for Biotechnology Information (US) DP - 2012 TI - Warfarin Therapy and VKORC1 and CYP Genotype. BTI - Medical Genetics Summaries AB - Warfarin (brand name Coumadin) is an anticoagulant (blood thinner). Warfarin acts by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors II, VII, IX and X, and is used in the prevention and treatment of various thrombotic disorders (1). Warfarin is a drug with narrow therapeutic index; thus, a small change in its plasma levels can result in concentration-dependent adverse drug reactions or therapeutic failure. As such, the therapeutic dose of warfarin must be tailored for each individual based on response, which is measured by the INR (International Normalized Ratio), and the condition being treated (1). There is a wide inter-individual variability -up to twenty-fold-in the dose of warfarin required to achieve therapeutic anticoagulation, and the time it takes to reach target INR. Approximately half of this variability is caused by both clinical or lifestyle factors (for example, an individual's age, body mass index, gender, diet, smoking status, ethnicity/race, existing conditions, and concomitant medications) and by genetic variants in the VKORC1, CYP2C9 and CYP4F2 genes, and the CYP2C gene cluster rs12777823 variant (1). The VKORC1 and CYP2C9 variants are the most important known genetic determinants of warfarin dosing. Warfarin targets VKORC1, an enzyme involved in vitamin K recycling. A common VKORC1 variant, c.-1639G>A, is associated with warfarin sensitivity and lower dose requirements. The CYP2C9 enzyme metabolizes S-warfarin, the more potent stereoisomer, and CYP2C9 variants with reduced activity are also associated with lower dose requirements (2). The FDA-approved drug label for warfarin states that CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genotype information, when available, can assist in the selection of the initial and maintenance dose of warfarin. The label provides 2 sets of warfarin dosing recommendations, for when the CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genotypes are either known (Table 1) or not known (taking into account clinical factors, the initial dose of warfarin is usually 2-5 mg once daily and maintenance doses are typically 2-10 mg daily) (1). The 2017 Update of the Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) Guideline for Pharmacogenetics-Guided Warfarin Dosing provides warfarin dosing recommendations for adults and pediatric individuals. Recommendations from CPIC state that these dosing guidelines are applied after a warfarin dose has been calculated using a validated pharmacogenetic algorithm, which includes genotype information for VKORC1, c.-1639G>A and CYP2C9 (Figure 1) (2). More recently, the Dutch Pharmacogenetics Working Group (DPWG) of the Royal Dutch Association for the Advancement of Pharmacy (KNMP) has published recommendations for the initial standard dose of warfarin (3). A dose reduction is recommended for individuals who are CYP2C9 poor (PM) and intermediate metabolizers (IM) (with the exception of IM with the CYP2C9*1/*2 genotype, no dose change is required), and a dose reduction is recommended for individuals who have 2 copies of the VKORC1 c.-1639G>A variant allele (c.-1639G>A/A) (Table 2) (4, 5). In addition, genetic variation in the CYP4F2 gene and a variant near the CYP2C gene cluster, rs12777823, have been associated with warfarin dosing. The CYP4F2*3 variant is associated with a modest increase in warfarin dose requirements, notably in individuals with European or Asian ancestry who are more likely to have this variant allele than other ancestral populations. Individuals with African ancestry are more likely than other ancestral groups to have the rs12777823 A/G or A/A genotype that has been associated with decreased warfarin dose requirements. FAU - Dean, Laura AU - Dean L AD - NCBI FAU - Kane, Megan AU - Kane M AD - NCBI LA - eng PT - Review PT - Book Chapter PL - Bethesda (MD) OTO - NLM OT - Warfarin OT - warfarin therapy OT - Coumadin OT - warfarin response OT - coumadin response OT - anticoagulation OT - blood thinner OT - VKORC1 OT - CYP2C9 OT - CYP4F2 OT - INR EDAT- 2026/06/16 00:00 CRDT- 2026/06/16 00:00 AID - NBK84174 [bookaccession] PMID- 42296607 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260916 LR - 20261006 IS - 1879-1409 (Electronic) IS - 0305-4179 (Linking) VI - 52 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Nov TI - Burning questions: ED management of pediatric burns at a non-burn health care system. PG - 108071 LID - S0305-4179(26)00223-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.burns.2026.108071 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: American Burn Association (ABA) referral criteria help identify patients to be transferred. Limited data exist on characteristics of patients being transferred and utilization of these criteria at non-burn centers (NBC). OBJECTIVES: To describe pediatric emergency department (ED) disposition practices at a non-burn center and compare these practices to ABA referral criteria. DESIGN/METHODS: Retrospective review of electronic records of patients < 18 years old, with discharge diagnosis of burn at a non-burn healthcare system, from December 2016 to June 2022, was performed. Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze transfer rates and determine odds ratios of different factors, comparing transferred and discharged patients. RESULTS: 1231 cases were identified with 35% transferred. Of the 65% of patients discharged, 52% met ABA referral criteria. For all visits, 64% met at least one ABA criterion, of which 47% were transferred. Infants had greatest odds of transfer (OR 9.62, 95% CI 4.6 - 20.1). Burns to high-risk anatomical zones (OR 5.89, 95% CI 4.1 - 8.4), those with > 20% total body surface area (OR 16.86, 95% CI 4.3 - 66.7) and full/partial thickness burns (OR 11.47, 95% CI 5.5 - 23.9) were also all associated with highest odds of transfer. CONCLUSION: The majority of visits met ABA criteria for transfer to a burn center; however, only about half those qualified were transferred. Some may have been appropriately discharged. Infants, large burns, burns to high-risk anatomic zones, or full/partial thickness burns were more often transferred indicating appropriate adherence to the established guideline. These data suggest that ABA criteria are very broad for pediatrics and do not have face validity for community physicians. Further work is needed to refine pediatric ABA referral criteria. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier Ltd and International Society of Burns Injuries. All rights reserved. FAU - Nandavar, Akshay Vivek AU - Nandavar AV AD - Department of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Corewell Health/William Beaumont University Hospital, Royal Oak, MI, USA. Electronic address: akshayvivek.nandavar@ochsner.org. FAU - Seo, David Seungwoo AU - Seo DS AD - Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI, USA. FAU - Swor, Robert A AU - Swor RA AD - Department of Emergency Medicine, Corewell Health/William Beaumont University Hospital, Royal Oak, MI, USA. FAU - Menoch, Margaret J A AU - Menoch MJA AD - Department of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Corewell Health/William Beaumont University Hospital, Royal Oak, MI, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260518 PL - Netherlands TA - Burns JT - Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries JID - 8913178 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Burns/therapy/epidemiology MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Female MH - Child MH - *Emergency Service, Hospital/statistics & numerical data/organization & administration MH - Infant MH - Child, Preschool MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - *Referral and Consultation/statistics & numerical data MH - *Patient Transfer/statistics & numerical data MH - Emergency Room Visits MH - Logistic Models MH - Body Surface Area MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Patient Discharge/statistics & numerical data MH - Odds Ratio OTO - NOTNLM OT - Burn OT - Emergency department OT - Non-burn center OT - Pediatric OT - Transfer COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/06/15 18:34 MHDA- 2026/09/16 23:34 CRDT- 2026/06/15 18:01 PHST- 2025/06/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/16 23:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/15 18:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/15 18:01 [entrez] AID - S0305-4179(26)00223-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.burns.2026.108071 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Burns. 2026 Nov;52(8):108071. doi: 10.1016/j.burns.2026.108071. Epub 2026 May 18. PMID- 42295709 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260615 LR - 20260813 IS - 0971-5916 (Print) IS - 0971-5916 (Linking) VI - 163 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Household food insecurity in urban slums and its association with nutritional status of under-five children in Salem District, Tamil Nadu. PG - 838-846 LID - 10.25259/IJMR_2123_2025 [pii] AB - Background and objectives Household food security is defined as physical and economic access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food for an active and healthy life. Evidence suggests that urban poor are more food insecure (51%-Delhi and 74.6%-Vellore) than rural poor. Food insecurity adversely affects under-five children's nutritional status. This study aimed to assess prevalence, determinants, and its association with child-nutrition in urban slums of Salem district, Tamil Nadu. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 363 randomly selected households between January to September 2023 using multi-stage random sampling. Data were collected from primary-care-givers using a validated-semi-structured-questionnaire (USAID-HFIAS) followed by measurement of daily raw food consumption and anthropometry of under-five children. Statistical analysis was performed in SPSSv16.0 using Chi-square/Fisher's test, ANOVA and regression with P<0.05 taken as significant. Results Household food insecurity prevalence was 82.1%, with 20.1% severe. Mean food consumption was significantly lower among insecure households. Determinants included age/gender of household head, single earning member, dependents, and irregular use of public distribution system. Children with normal nutrition had 2.75 [P<0.05;95% confidence interval (C.I):1.31-5.75] times odds of belonging to secure households. Interpretation and conclusions Food insecurity was closely linked to under-five malnutrition, underscoring the need for interventions addressing affordability and structural factors such as housing, healthcare access, and resource distribution. FAU - Arumugam, Daivik Padmavathi AU - Arumugam DP AD - Department of Community Medicine, Government Namakkal Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. FAU - Ramasamy, Umamaheswari AU - Ramasamy U AD - Institute of Community Medicine, Madras Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Indian J Med Res JT - The Indian journal of medical research JID - 0374701 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Food Insecurity MH - *Nutritional Status MH - Female MH - India/epidemiology MH - Poverty Areas MH - Child, Preschool MH - Male MH - Infant MH - Urban Population MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Family Characteristics MH - Food Supply MH - Rural Population MH - Poverty MH - Malnutrition/epidemiology MH - Socioeconomic Factors PMC - PMC13289621 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Food insecurity OT - Nutritional status OT - Preschool OT - Socio-economic factors OT - Urban population COIS- None. EDAT- 2026/06/15 12:55 MHDA- 2026/06/15 12:56 PMCR- 2026/06/01 CRDT- 2026/06/15 11:22 PHST- 2025/08/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/12/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/15 12:56 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/15 12:55 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/15 11:22 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.25259/IJMR_2123_2025 [pii] AID - 10.25259/IJMR_2123_2025 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Indian J Med Res. 2026 Jun;163(6):838-846. doi: 10.25259/IJMR_2123_2025. PMID- 42295494 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260615 LR - 20260922 IS - 1573-2649 (Electronic) IS - 0962-9343 (Print) IS - 0962-9343 (Linking) VI - 35 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Jun 15 TI - Trends in cardiometabolic disease and health-related quality of life in the United States, 2001-2022. LID - 10.1007/s11136-026-04300-1 [doi] LID - 195 AB - PURPOSE: To examine associations between cardiometabolic conditions and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and evaluate temporal trends in condition-associated HRQoL decrements from 2001 to 2022. METHODS: We analyzed nationally representative data from U.S. adults aged >/= 18 years in the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (2001-2022), excluding years without BMI data collection (2017, 2019, 2021). HRQoL was measured using EQ-5D utilities mapped from SF-12 scores with a validated algorithm. For each year, survey-weighted multivariable regression models estimated associations of sociodemographic characteristics, BMI, and six cardiometabolic conditions with HRQoL. Temporal trends in condition-associated HRQoL decrements were assessed using meta-regression. To estimate recent average associations, we pooled data from 2015, 2016, 2018, and 2022. RESULTS: HRQoL improved over time, with lower values in 2001-2012 than 2013-2022 and an increase from its lowest value in 2012 (0.873) to highest in 2018 (0.888). Stroke contributed the greatest adjusted HRQoL decrement, followed by heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure, obesity, and high cholesterol. Diabetes- and heart disease-associated decrements attenuated linearly over time (-0.0500 in 2001 to -0.0414 in 2022 and -0.0611 to -0.0487, respectively) , whereas high blood pressure-associated decrement was greatest around 2012 (-0.0361 in 2001, -0.0404 in 2012, and - 0.0313 in 2022) and obesity-associated decrement was smallest around 2012 (- 0.0311, - 0.0290, and - 0.0370). CONCLUSIONS: Changes in condition-associated HRQoL decrements over time suggest that utility values may not remain constant across calendar years. Smaller decrements for diabetes and heart disease may reflect better treatment and management, whereas the growing obesity-related decrement may indicate changes in the national severity of obesity. These patterns highlight the need for current, nationally representative utility estimates in population health research. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Yang, Danwei AU - Yang D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3858-4673 AD - Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. FAU - Kim, David D AU - Kim DD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3383-8972 AD - Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. David.Kim@bsd.uchicago.edu. AD - Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. David.Kim@bsd.uchicago.edu. LA - eng GR - R01 MD019094/MD/NIMHD NIH HHS/United States GR - R01MD019094/NH/NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260615 PL - Netherlands TA - Qual Life Res JT - Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation JID - 9210257 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Quality of Life MH - United States/epidemiology MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - Adult MH - Male MH - *Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology MH - Aged MH - *Health Status MH - Young Adult MH - Body Mass Index MH - Adolescent MH - Obesity/epidemiology MH - Surveys and Questionnaires PMC - PMC13269321 OAB - Cardiometabolic conditions such as diabetes, heart disease, stroke, high blood pressure, obesity, and high cholesterol are common chronic diseases in the United States and can reduce health-related quality of life. However, it is unclear whether their impact on health-related quality of life has changed over time as disease management and treatment have improved. Using nationally representative survey data from U.S. adults collected between 2001 and 2022, we estimated how much each cardiometabolic condition reduced health-related quality of life and whether the condition-specific estimates have changed over time. Overall health-related quality of life improved between 2001 and 2022, with the greatest gains among older adults. Stroke had the largest negative impact on health-related quality of life, followed by heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure, obesity, and high cholesterol. The health-related quality-of-life gap between adults with and without diabetes or heart disease has narrowed over time, a pattern consistent with improved disease management and treatment. In contrast, the quality-of-life gap associated with obesity increased in recent years, a pattern consistent with the rise in severe obesity nationally. Researchers and policymakers may use up to date quality of life estimates rather than older figures when evaluating the burden of cardiometabolic disease. Using updated disease-attributable health-related quality of life estimates would better reflect the current burden of cardiometabolic disease. OABL- eng OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cardiometabolic diseases OT - EQ-5D OT - Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) OT - Temporal trends COIS- Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors declare no competing interests. Ethical approval: This study used de-identified, publicly available data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, which is conducted by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. No identifiable human subjects data were used. Consent to participate: Not applicable. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Preprint server: A previous version of this manuscript was posted on medRxiv as a preprint. The current manuscript has been revised in response to peer-review comments and differs from the posted preprint. DOI: 10.64898/2026.02.20.26346754. EDAT- 2026/06/15 12:52 MHDA- 2026/06/15 12:53 PMCR- 2026/06/15 CRDT- 2026/06/15 11:18 PHST- 2026/04/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/15 12:53 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/15 12:52 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/15 11:18 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s11136-026-04300-1 [pii] AID - 4300 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s11136-026-04300-1 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Qual Life Res. 2026 Jun 15;35(8):195. doi: 10.1007/s11136-026-04300-1. PMID- 42295221 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260921 LR - 20261008 IS - 1939-134X (Electronic) IS - 1040-3590 (Linking) VI - 38 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Maladaptive exercise: A psychometric investigation. PG - 716-728 LID - 10.1037/pas0001479 [doi] AB - There are multiple conceptualizations of maladaptive exercise with each being assessed by different measures. This has led to challenges in integrating the literature. Better understanding of the underlying processes of maladaptive exercise is needed to better conceptualize the construct. The present study used data from two independent samples, a college student sample (n = 497), identified primarily as female (72%), male (22%), White (38%), and Black (22%), and a sample recruited for their exercise engagement (n = 500), identified primarily as female (41%), male (56%), White (57%), and Black (20%). All participants completed self-report measures, including measures of maladaptive exercise (i.e., the Exercise Dependence Scale-Revised, Exercise Addiction Inventory-3, and Compulsive Exercise Test) and assessments of focal criterion variables for the problematic behavior (i.e., impulsivity, compulsivity, and eating disorder pathology). We used exploratory factor analysis to examine the overlapping and distinct content across measures of maladaptive exercise. We then examined correlations between the focal criterion variables and the measures of maladaptive exercise and latent factors. In both samples, the exploratory factor analysis suggested a four-factor solution reflecting tolerance and structure, impairment, exercise worries, and affect regulation. Our findings highlight the overlapping and distinct qualities of the varying assessment instruments and how those qualities map onto the potential underlying processes of maladaptive exercise. Future work should continue to refine the features of a broad definition of maladaptive exercise and develop a self-report measure that integrates the content from the existing measures. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved). FAU - Schleyer, Brooke AU - Schleyer B AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-0375-0487 AD - Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Temple University. FAU - Olino, Thomas M AU - Olino TM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5139-8571 AD - Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Temple University. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260615 PL - United States TA - Psychol Assess JT - Psychological assessment JID - 8915253 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Male MH - Psychometrics MH - Young Adult MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Factor Analysis, Statistical MH - *Behavior, Addictive/psychology/diagnosis MH - *Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology MH - Impulsive Behavior MH - Compulsive Exercise MH - Self Report MH - Students/psychology EDAT- 2026/06/15 12:52 MHDA- 2026/09/21 17:47 CRDT- 2026/06/15 11:03 PHST- 2026/09/21 17:47 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/15 12:52 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/15 11:03 [entrez] AID - 2027-83726-001 [pii] AID - 10.1037/pas0001479 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Psychol Assess. 2026 Oct;38(10):716-728. doi: 10.1037/pas0001479. Epub 2026 Jun 15. PMID- 42294843 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260817 LR - 20260819 IS - 1440-1754 (Electronic) IS - 1034-4810 (Print) IS - 1034-4810 (Linking) VI - 62 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug TI - The Accuracy of a Commercial Wearable Neonatal Home-Monitoring Device: A Simulation Study. PG - 1509-1519 LID - 10.1111/jpc.70471 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Wearable newborn-monitoring devices are increasingly popular and widely available for home use. One approach includes the use of accelerometer detection of breathing movements. We investigated the accuracy of breathing and apnoea detection by a wearable accelerometer in a simulated environment. DESIGN: This study used simulation as a method to evaluate the performance of a wearable accelerometer-based breathing detection device. A term mannequin fitted with an accelerometer suit wirelessly linked to a mobile app (Goldilocks) was NeoPuff ventilated through a cuffed endotracheal tube. Peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) levels of 5-25 cmH(2)O were delivered with zero end expiratory pressure. Each trial consisted of 30 s of ventilation, followed by simulated apnoea (n = 150). App-based detection and alert times were recorded blinded to ventilation status. Detection accuracy across PIP levels was analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis tests followed by Dunn's multiple comparisons with Bonferroni correction. RESULTS: PIP level affected both apnoea detection (H(4) = 58.9, p < 0.0001) and breathing detection (H(4) = 86.5, p < 0.001) with performance reduced at 5 cmH(2)O compared to higher PIP. Apnoea and breathing detection were most accurate at 20 cmH(2)O. Mean (SD) apnoea detection alarm times ranged between 31(0) and 60(22.6) seconds, with no difference between PIP group (H(4) = 9.3, p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The accelerometer displayed pressure-dependent accuracy, increasing with higher PIP, suggesting a minimum pressure threshold is needed for reliable monitoring. App alert times varied greatly, compounding the accuracy of adverse event detection. To determine their true utility, rigorous investigation of neonatal wearable home-monitoring devices is required. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Paediatrics and Child Health Division (The Royal Australasian College of Physicians). FAU - Noone, Amelia N AU - Noone AN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1174-1870 AD - Robinson Research Institute, College of Health, Adelaide University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. FAU - Bailey, Danielle N AU - Bailey DN AD - Robinson Research Institute, College of Health, Adelaide University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. FAU - Crawford, Tara M AU - Crawford TM AD - Robinson Research Institute, College of Health, Adelaide University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. FAU - Richards, Shem AU - Richards S AD - Goldilocks Suit, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. FAU - Andersen, Chad C AU - Andersen CC AD - Robinson Research Institute, College of Health, Adelaide University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. AD - Department of Neonatal Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. FAU - Stark, Michael J AU - Stark MJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1835-8679 AD - Robinson Research Institute, College of Health, Adelaide University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. AD - Department of Neonatal Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260615 PL - Australia TA - J Paediatr Child Health JT - Journal of paediatrics and child health JID - 9005421 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Wearable Electronic Devices MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Manikins MH - Monitoring, Physiologic/instrumentation MH - *Accelerometry/instrumentation MH - *Apnea/diagnosis MH - Respiration MH - Equipment Design PMC - PMC13480716 OTO - NOTNLM OT - accelerometry OT - apnoea OT - infant OT - mannequin OT - simulation OT - wearable electronic device COIS- S.R. is the founder of Goldilocks and supplied the Goldilocks Suit for research use and conducted blinded data analysis. EDAT- 2026/06/15 12:52 MHDA- 2026/08/17 17:45 PMCR- 2026/08/17 CRDT- 2026/06/15 08:44 PHST- 2026/05/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/12/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/17 17:45 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/15 12:52 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/15 08:44 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JPC70471 [pii] AID - 10.1111/jpc.70471 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Paediatr Child Health. 2026 Aug;62(8):1509-1519. doi: 10.1111/jpc.70471. Epub 2026 Jun 15. PMID- 42294390 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260615 LR - 20260813 IS - 1662-5153 (Print) IS - 1662-5153 (Electronic) IS - 1662-5153 (Linking) VI - 20 DP - 2026 TI - Physical activity, sedentary behavior, and cognitive function in children and adolescents: a scoping review of dose-response relationships, screen time interactions, and public health implications. PG - 1848119 LID - 10.3389/fnbeh.2026.1848119 [doi] LID - 1848119 AB - BACKGROUND: Physical inactivity among children and adolescents has reached critical levels worldwide, with approximately 81% of school-aged youth failing to meet the World Health Organization recommendation of at least 60 min of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity per day. At the same time, screen-based sedentary behaviors have increased substantially, raising concerns about their combined impact on brain development, cognitive processes, and behavioral regulation. Although extensive research exists, evidence regarding dose-response relationships, neurobiological mechanisms, and the moderating role of screen-related behaviors remains fragmented. OBJECTIVES: This scoping review aimed to systematically map the evidence linking physical activity and sedentary behavior with cognitive outcomes in children and adolescents, examine dose-response patterns, synthesize underlying neurobiological mechanisms (including brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neuroplasticity), and evaluate the moderating influence of screen time and smartphone-related behaviors. METHODS: The review followed PRISMA-ScR guidelines and the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology. Six electronic databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, PsycINFO, and CINAHL) were searched for studies published between January 2000 and March 2026. Eligibility criteria were defined using the Population-Concept-Context framework. Two independent reviewers conducted screening, achieving strong inter-rater reliability (kappa = 0.84). RESULTS: Of 2,843 records identified, 60 studies met inclusion criteria across four thematic domains: physical activity and cognitive outcomes, dose-response parameters, neurobiological mechanisms, and screen-based sedentary behavior including nomophobia. Chronic physical activity, particularly in school-based and clinical ADHD settings, was consistently associated with executive function improvements across included systematic reviews and trials. Screen time exceeding 4 h per day was associated with anxiety, depressive symptoms, and attentional deficits in observational data. Evidence on exercise-induced BDNF upregulation, contingent on structured exposure (>/=3 sessions/week, >/=12 weeks), is restricted to five pediatric RCTs and warrants cautious interpretation. CONCLUSION: This scoping review maps consistent associations between physical activity and improved cognitive function in youth, mediated through neurobiological pathways that vary in strength across study designs and populations. Excessive screen exposure is associated with cognitive risk in observational data. Integrated public health frameworks addressing physical activity, screen time, and sleep represent a priority direction for future longitudinal research and policy development. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Dergaa, Dhahbi, Dergaa, Razzak, Ceylan, Stefanica, Muntean and Guelmami. FAU - Dergaa, Ismail AU - Dergaa I AD - Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Said, University of Manouba, Manouba, Tunisia. AD - Research Unit of Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory on Sport, Tunis, Tunisia. AD - Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, El Kef, Tunisia. FAU - Dhahbi, Wissem AU - Dhahbi W AD - Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, El Kef, Tunisia. FAU - Dergaa, Mohamed Amine AU - Dergaa MA AD - Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, El Kef, Tunisia. FAU - Razzak, Mortadha AU - Razzak M AD - Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, El Kef, Tunisia. FAU - Ceylan, Halil Ibrahim AU - Ceylan HI AD - Department of Physical Education and Sports Teaching, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkiye. FAU - Stefanica, Valentina AU - Stefanica V AD - Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sciences, Physical Education and Informatics, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, Pitesti University Center, Pitesti, Romania. FAU - Muntean, Raul Ioan AU - Muntean RI AD - Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Law and Social Sciences, University "1 Decembrie 1918" of Alba Iulia, Alba Iulia, Romania. FAU - Guelmami, Noomen AU - Guelmami N AD - Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, El Kef, Tunisia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260529 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Behav Neurosci JT - Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience JID - 101477952 PMC - PMC13260285 OTO - NOTNLM OT - BDNF OT - academic performance OT - brain development OT - children OT - cognitive function OT - dose-response OT - executive function OT - neuroplasticity COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/15 12:50 MHDA- 2026/06/15 12:51 PMCR- 2026/05/29 CRDT- 2026/06/15 07:45 PHST- 2026/04/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/15 12:51 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/15 12:50 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/15 07:45 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnbeh.2026.1848119 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Behav Neurosci. 2026 May 29;20:1848119. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2026.1848119. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42293103 OWN - NLM STAT- In-Process DCOM- 20260615 LR - 20260828 IS - 1664-2295 (Print) IS - 1664-2295 (Electronic) IS - 1664-2295 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Highlighting the value of polymyography in childhood onset movement disorders. PG - 1771878 LID - 10.3389/fneur.2026.1771878 [doi] LID - 1771878 AB - INTRODUCTION: Characterizing hyperkinetic Movement Disorders (MD) in children is challenging, particularly when distinguishing tremor from myoclonus. Polymyography (EMG combined with accelerometry) and EEG jerk-locked back-averaging are well-established diagnostic tools in adults but are rarely applied in paediatric population. This study aimed to assess the feasibility and contribution of individualized neurophysiological investigations to the classification of hyperkinetic MD in children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed clinical and neurophysiological data from consecutive patients who underwent polymyography over a two-year period being referred for unclear clinical MD phenomenology. A pediatric MD specialist and a neurophysiologist jointly performed evaluations. RESULTS: 56/60 patients were included (four were excluded due to absent MD during recording or lack of cooperation). Myoclonus was the most frequent polymyography diagnosis (55%), followed by tremor (36%). Initial clinical diagnoses were confirmed in 62% of cases: all suspected cases of myoclonus were validated, whereas 48% patients initially diagnosed with tremor were reclassified as having myoclonus. Polymyography revealed additional MD in 18% of patients, most often myoclonus, and supported a neurofunctional aetiology in one case. After the polymyography, symptomatic pharmacological treatment-mainly for tremor and cortical myoclonus-was proposed in 34%. Additional genetic investigations were suggested in 30% of patients. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Polymyography proved feasible even in young children, including those with intellectual disability. Combined with expertise of an MD specialist, polymyography significantly improves diagnostic accuracy, particularly tremor vs. myoclonus, and guides both aetiologic and therapeutic management. These findings highlight the value of integrating polymyography into paediatric MD evaluation. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Moretti, Ravelli, Ahmar, Dorison, De Salins, Rodriguez, Deiva, Vermersch, Triboulet, Valence, Harion, Burglen, Apartis and Doummar. FAU - Moretti, Raffaella AU - Moretti R AD - Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Armand Trousseau Hospital, AP-HP-Sorbonne Universite, Paris, France. FAU - Ravelli, Claudia AU - Ravelli C AD - Department of Paediatric Neurology, Armand Trousseau Hospital, Referral Centre for Neurogenetic Rare Disease, APHP-Sorbonne Universite, Paris, France. FAU - Ahmar, Yara AU - Ahmar Y AD - Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Saint-Antoine Hospital and Pitie-Salpetriere Hospital, APHP-Sorbonne Universite, Paris, France. FAU - Dorison, Nathalie AU - Dorison N AD - Unite Dyspa, Neurochirurgie Pediatrique, Hopital Fondation Rothschild, Paris, France. FAU - De Salins, Marie AU - De Salins M AD - Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Armand Trousseau Hospital, AP-HP-Sorbonne Universite, Paris, France. FAU - Rodriguez, Diana AU - Rodriguez D AD - Department of Paediatric Neurology, Armand Trousseau Hospital, Referral Centre for Neurogenetic Rare Disease, APHP-Sorbonne Universite, Paris, France. AD - Sorbonne University, Paris, France. FAU - Deiva, Kumaran AU - Deiva K AD - Sorbonne University, Paris, France. AD - Department of Paediatric Neurology, Armand Trousseau Hospital, AP-HP Sorbonne University Hospital, Paris, France. FAU - Vermersch, Anne Isabelle AU - Vermersch AI AD - Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Armand Trousseau Hospital, AP-HP-Sorbonne Universite, Paris, France. FAU - Triboulet, Minh Hanh AU - Triboulet MH AD - Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Armand Trousseau Hospital, AP-HP-Sorbonne Universite, Paris, France. AD - Department of Paediatric Neurology, Armand Trousseau Hospital, AP-HP Sorbonne University Hospital, Paris, France. FAU - Valence, Stephanie AU - Valence S AD - Service de Neurologie Pediatrique, Hopital Armand Trousseau, AP-HP Sorbonne Universite, Paris, France. AD - Centre de Reference Maladies Rares "Deficience Intellectuelle de Cause Rare et Polyhandicap", Paris, France. FAU - Harion, Madeleine AU - Harion M AD - Service de Neurologie Pediatrique, Hopital Armand Trousseau, AP-HP Sorbonne Universite, Paris, France. AD - Centre de Reference Maladies Rares "Deficience Intellectuelle de Cause Rare et Polyhandicap", Paris, France. FAU - Burglen, Lydie AU - Burglen L AD - Sorbonne University, Paris, France. AD - Centre de Reference des Malformations et Maladies Congenitales du Cervelet et Laboratoire de Neurogenetique Pediatrique, Departement de genetique, Hopital Armand Trousseau, Paris, France. FAU - Apartis, Emmanuelle AU - Apartis E AD - Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Saint-Antoine Hospital and Pitie-Salpetriere Hospital, APHP-Sorbonne Universite, Paris, France. AD - Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Sorbonne Universite, Paris, France. FAU - Doummar, Diane AU - Doummar D AD - Department of Paediatric Neurology, Armand Trousseau Hospital, Referral Centre for Neurogenetic Rare Disease, APHP-Sorbonne Universite, Paris, France. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260528 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Neurol JT - Frontiers in neurology JID - 101546899 PMC - PMC13253225 OTO - NOTNLM OT - childhood OT - dystonia OT - myoclonus OT - neurophysiology OT - paediatric movement disorders OT - polymyography OT - tremor COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The handling editor VL declared a past co-authorship with the authors CR and ND. EDAT- 2026/06/15 12:54 MHDA- 2026/06/15 12:55 PMCR- 2026/05/28 CRDT- 2026/06/15 07:35 PHST- 2025/12/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/15 12:55 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/15 12:54 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/15 07:35 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fneur.2026.1771878 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Neurol. 2026 May 28;17:1771878. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2026.1771878. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42292924 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260615 LR - 20260813 IS - 2377-9608 (Electronic) IS - 2377-9608 (Linking) VI - 12 DP - 2026 Jan-Dec TI - Innovations in Pediatric Nursing: Emerging Technologies Including Virtual Reality, Telehealth, Artificial Intelligence, and Digital Mental Health-A Scoping Review. PG - 23779608261433684 LID - 10.1177/23779608261433684 [doi] LID - 23779608261433684 AB - BACKGROUND: Pediatric nursing is rapidly evolving with the integration of innovative technologies aimed at improving healthcare delivery and outcomes for children. OBJECTIVES: To map the extent and characteristics of pediatric nursing literature on (1) virtual reality (VR) for procedural care, (2) telehealth models, (3) artificial intelligence (AI)-supported diagnostics, (4) technology-enabled obesity interventions, and (5) digital mental-health tools; and to identify outcomes studied, populations/settings, study designs, and research gaps. METHODS: A scoping review following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines was conducted. Peer-reviewed articles published from 2010 to 2024 were retrieved from PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. Inclusion criteria were studies involving pediatric populations and addressing one of the specified technologies or interventions. RESULTS: Twenty-five studies were included. VR was effective in reducing procedural pain and anxiety. Telehealth improved care access, especially in underserved areas. AI-supported early diagnosis of diseases such as congenital heart defects. Nursing interventions for childhood obesity were most effective when multidisciplinary and personalized. Digital tools helped pediatric patients manage mental health conditions associated with chronic illness. However, gaps exist in long-term effectiveness, scalability, and integration. CONCLUSIONS: Emerging technologies in pediatric nursing offer substantial benefits but require further validation and structured implementation. Future research should focus on standardizing protocols, assessing cost-effectiveness, and addressing equity in access. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. FAU - Mohamed, Shimmaa Mansour Moustafa AU - Mohamed SMM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2956-610X AD - Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia. RINGGOLD: 488770 LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260612 PL - United States TA - SAGE Open Nurs JT - SAGE open nursing JID - 101724853 PMC - PMC13263502 OTO - NOTNLM OT - children OT - new graduate/graduate nurse OT - pediatrics OT - scoping review COIS- The author declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. EDAT- 2026/06/15 12:50 MHDA- 2026/06/15 12:51 PMCR- 2026/06/12 CRDT- 2026/06/15 07:33 PHST- 2025/08/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/15 12:51 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/15 12:50 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/15 07:33 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1177_23779608261433684 [pii] AID - 10.1177/23779608261433684 [doi] PST - epublish SO - SAGE Open Nurs. 2026 Jun 12;12:23779608261433684. doi: 10.1177/23779608261433684. eCollection 2026 Jan-Dec. PMID- 42291859 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260615 LR - 20260813 IS - 2168-8184 (Print) IS - 2168-8184 (Electronic) IS - 2168-8184 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 5 DP - 2026 May TI - Caregiver Feeding Practices and Their Association With Nutritional Status in Children Aged 0-5 Years: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study From a Tertiary Care Center in North India. PG - e108756 LID - 10.7759/cureus.108756 [doi] LID - e108756 AB - Background Adequate nutrition in the first five years of life is critical for optimal physical growth, cognitive development, and long-term health outcomes. Caregiver feeding practices are an important factor associated with nutritional outcomes in young children with a spectrum of behaviors ranging from responsive feeding to more controlling strategies. While responsive feeding has been linked to better growth outcomes, the impact of specific feeding behaviors on child nutritional status in tertiary pediatric settings in North India remains poorly characterized. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate caregiver feeding practices using a validated tool and examine their association with nutritional status in children aged 0-5 years. Objectives The objective of this study is to assess caregiver feeding practices using the Feeding Practices and Structure Questionnaire (FPSQ) and examine their association with nutritional status (Indian Academy of Pediatrics IAP grading) in children aged 0-5 years attending the outpatient department of a tertiary care pediatric center, in order to identify feeding behaviors associated with malnutrition in this setting. Materials and methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out over a period of three months in the outpatient department of pediatrics at Christian Medical College, Ludhiana. A total of 150 caregivers of children aged 0-5 years were enrolled. After obtaining informed consent, each caregiver was administered a structured questionnaire (Feeding Practices and Structure Questionnaire FPSQ), which is a validated tool assessing both feeding practices and feeding patterns. Simultaneously, anthropometric measurements of the children were recorded, and their nutritional status was classified using the Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP) grading system. The collected data were analyzed to assess the association between feeding behavior and nutritional status. Results Out of 150 children, 83.3% were normally nourished, 16% had mild malnutrition, and 0.7% had moderate malnutrition. Responsive feeding behaviors such as feeding on demand and shared family meals were the most commonly reported practices. In the milk-feeding group, feeding on demand showed a significant association with better nutritional status (p = 0.015). In the semi-solid group, parent-led feeding was significantly associated with malnutrition (p = 0.008). Conclusion Feeding on demand was associated with better nutritional outcomes in milk-fed children, while parent-led feeding was associated with malnutrition in the semi-solid-feeding group. These findings are hypothesis-generating, given the cross-sectional design, and reverse causality cannot be excluded. Responsive feeding counseling may be a relevant avenue for nutritional improvement in routine pediatric outpatient care. CI - Copyright (c) 2026, John et al. FAU - John, Sharon R AU - John SR AD - Pediatrics and Child Health, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Ludhiana, IND. FAU - Singh, Ruby AU - Singh R AD - Pediatrics and Child Health, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Ludhiana, IND. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260512 PL - United States TA - Cureus JT - Cureus JID - 101596737 PMC - PMC13260016 OTO - NOTNLM OT - anthropometry OT - caregivers' influence OT - children OT - feeding pattern OT - malnutrition COIS- Human subjects: Informed consent for treatment and open access publication was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. The Institutional Ethics Committee of Christian Medical College, Ludhiana, issued approval IECBMHR/202411-506/Apprvl-STS-Proj/CMC&H. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work. EDAT- 2026/06/15 12:50 MHDA- 2026/06/15 12:51 PMCR- 2026/05/12 CRDT- 2026/06/15 07:23 PHST- 2026/04/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/15 12:51 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/15 12:50 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/15 07:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.7759/cureus.108756 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cureus. 2026 May 12;18(5):e108756. doi: 10.7759/cureus.108756. eCollection 2026 May. PMID- 42291790 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260615 LR - 20260813 IS - 2667-3681 (Electronic) IS - 2667-3681 (Linking) VI - 19 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Development of program requirements for obesity medicine fellowship training in the U.S. PG - 100282 LID - 10.1016/j.obpill.2026.100282 [doi] LID - 100282 AB - BACKGROUND: Subspecialty fellowship training programs typically adhere to program requirements for graduate medical education for their field, which are established by accreditation organizations. However, US-based obesity medicine fellowships currently lack this guidance. Therefore, our objective was to develop and validate subspecialty fellowship program requirements for both adult and pediatric obesity medicine in the US. METHODS: A work group from the Obesity Medicine Fellowship Council (OMFC) was convened to define program requirements for obesity medicine (OM) fellowships, including standards for curricular and clinical experiences during training. Draft program requirements for adult OM and pediatric OM fellowships were developed through an iterative consensus group process with repeated cycles of drafting and revising by an expert work group who then gained input from the American Board of Obesity Medicine and leadership from all OMFC-recognized fellowship programs. The draft documents were subsequently revised and then validated through a national survey to all US-based OM fellowship programs, where adult OM fellowships evaluated the adult OM program requirements and pediatric OM fellowships evaluated the pediatric OM program requirements. Respondents were asked to 'approve'/'not approve' each proposed section with space for comments. An agreement of at least 75% among respondents was set as the threshold a priori for retaining a program requirement. RESULTS: Representatives from all adult and pediatric OM fellowship programs participated in the survey (n = 31). All items met the minimum threshold of >/=75% approving the requirement for both adult and pediatric OM fellowship programs. Comments for revisions on specific elements were primarily related to changes in language and formatting rather than conceptual underpinnings. CONCLUSION: A group consensus method strengthened by inclusion of a national survey of OM fellowship program directors resulted in carefully-developed and broadly-vetted program requirements. These OM fellowship program requirements offer educators and trainees a roadmap to develop comprehensive OM training. CI - (c) 2026 The Authors. FAU - Schmidt, Stacy L AU - Schmidt SL AD - Obesity Medicine Fellowship Council, Denver, CO, USA. FAU - Sabet, Amin AU - Sabet A AD - University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA. FAU - Wong, Denise H AU - Wong DH AD - Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Gilden, Adam H AU - Gilden AH AD - University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA. FAU - Wickham, Edmond P AU - Wickham EP AD - Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA. FAU - Raatz, Sarah AU - Raatz S AD - University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA. FAU - Fox, Claudia K AU - Fox CK AD - University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA. FAU - Gudzune, Kimberly A AU - Gudzune KA AD - Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260608 PL - United States TA - Obes Pillars JT - Obesity pillars JID - 9918697364706676 PMC - PMC13263674 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Clinical competence OT - Obesity management OT - Specialty boards COIS- The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Stacy Schmidt reports financial support was provided by Novo Nordisk Inc. Edmond P. Wickham 3rd reports a relationship with Novo Nordisk that includes: funding grants. Sarah Raatz reports a relationship with Novo Nordisk that includes: funding grants. Sarah Raatz reports a relationship with Eli Lilly and Company that includes: funding grants. Claudia K. Fox reports a relationship with Novo Nordisk Inc that includes: funding grants. Claudia K. Fox reports a relationship with Eli Lilly and Company that includes: funding grants. Amin Sabet reports a relationship with Abbott Laboratories that includes: equity or stocks. Amin Sabet reports a relationship with AbbVie that includes: equity or stocks. Amin Sabet reports a relationship with Eli Lilly and Company that includes: equity or stocks. Amin Sabet reports a relationship with Johnson and Johnson that includes: equity or stocks. Amin Sabet reports a relationship with Merck & Co Inc that includes: equity or stocks. Amin Sabet reports a relationship with Novo Nordisk that includes: equity or stocks. Kimberly A. Gudzune reports a relationship with Novo Nordisk Inc that includes: consulting or advisory, funding grants, and travel reimbursement. Kimberly A. Gudzune reports a relationship with Eli Lilly and Company that includes: consulting or advisory and travel reimbursement. Kimberly A. Gudzune has patent with royalties paid to Johns Hopkins ACG System. Given his role as an editor for Obesity Pillars, Amin Sabet had no involvement in the peer review of this article and had no access to information regarding its peer review. Full responsibility for the editorial process for this article was delegated to another journal editor. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/06/15 12:50 MHDA- 2026/06/15 12:51 PMCR- 2026/06/08 CRDT- 2026/06/15 07:22 PHST- 2026/05/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/15 12:51 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/15 12:50 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/15 07:22 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2667-3681(26)00038-0 [pii] AID - 100282 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.obpill.2026.100282 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Obes Pillars. 2026 Jun 8;19:100282. doi: 10.1016/j.obpill.2026.100282. eCollection 2026 Sep. PMID- 42290215 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261012 LR - 20261012 IS - 1098-108X (Electronic) IS - 0276-3478 (Linking) VI - 59 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Structural Validity of a Short Form of the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire in Adolescents Diagnosed With an Eating Disorder. PG - 2196-2206 LID - 10.1002/eat.70146 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the structural validity and readability of a brief 7-item version of the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (the EDE-Q7) among adolescents. METHOD: Latent variable analysis was used in a sample of 263 adolescents (age range = 13-17.99y) diagnosed with an eating disorder and recruited from treatment centres in the United States of America and Australia. Several indices were used to provide different estimates of overall model fit. RESULTS: The EDE-Q7 showed good fit to the data, although absolute fit indices suggested some evidence of imperfect fit. Several other models (both brief and full-item versions) failed to meet most criteria indicating good fit. The subscales of the EDE-Q7 showed significant correlations with several disordered eating behaviors, suggesting convergent validity. Review of the EDE-Q7 suggests ease of readability for adolescents from at least 11 years of age. DISCUSSION: This is one of the first clinical studies to support the EDE-Q7 as a brief, valid assessment of eating psychopathology that can be used with adolescents as well as adults. The results indicate that the EDE-Q7 might be appropriate for assessing eating pathology among adolescents from the age of 13 years. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). International Journal of Eating Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Jenkins, Paul E AU - Jenkins PE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1673-2903 AD - School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK. FAU - Gorrell, Sasha AU - Gorrell S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8861-8547 AD - Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA. FAU - Accurso, Erin C AU - Accurso EC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5521-6381 AD - Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA. AD - Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA. FAU - Eckhardt, Sarah AU - Eckhardt S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0824-4328 AD - Center for the Treatment of Eating Disorders, Children's Minnesota, St Paul, Minnesota, USA. FAU - Hughes, Elizabeth K AU - Hughes EK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4377-5610 AD - Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. AD - Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Le Grange, Daniel AU - Le Grange D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7293-9496 AD - Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA. FAU - Sawyer, Susan M AU - Sawyer SM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9095-358X AD - Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. AD - Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. AD - Centre for Adolescent Health, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Rienecke, Renee D AU - Rienecke RD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0423-7403 AD - Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA. LA - eng GR - Baker Foundation/ GR - Victorian Government's Operational Infrastructure Support Program/ GR - Goven Family Foundation/ PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260615 PL - United States TA - Int J Eat Disord JT - The International journal of eating disorders JID - 8111226 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - *Feeding and Eating Disorders/diagnosis/psychology MH - Surveys and Questionnaires/standards MH - Female MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Psychometrics MH - Male MH - Australia OTO - NOTNLM OT - assessment OT - eating disorder examination-questionnaire OT - latent variable analysis OT - patient-reported outcome measures OT - psychometrics OT - readability EDAT- 2026/06/15 11:37 MHDA- 2026/10/12 11:41 CRDT- 2026/06/15 03:33 PHST- 2026/05/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/12 11:41 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/15 11:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/15 03:33 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/eat.70146 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Eat Disord. 2026 Oct;59(10):2196-2206. doi: 10.1002/eat.70146. Epub 2026 Jun 15. PMID- 42290012 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260615 LR - 20260813 IS - 2314-6141 (Electronic) IS - 2314-6133 (Print) VI - 2026 IP - 1 DP - 2026 TI - Accuracy and Reliability of Dental Age Estimation Methods in Iranian Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. PG - e9351167 LID - 10.1155/bmri/9351167 [doi] LID - 9351167 AB - OBJECTIVES: This study is aimed at systematically evaluating the accuracy and reliability of dental age (DA) estimation methods and conducting a meta-analysis of studies on different DA estimation methods in Iranian children. METHODS: A systematic search of English and Persian literature from database inception to March 2024 was conducted across international and national databases to identify eligible studies on DA estimation using radiographs in Iranian children. Studies that used dental radiographs from healthy individuals aged 3-18 years and reported the mean difference (MD) between DA and chronological age (CA) were included. The meta-analysis calculated the MD between dental and chronological age, with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), to assess the applicability of the DA method for estimating CA in the Iranian population. RESULTS: Twenty-seven eligible published articles were included in this study. Demirjian's method overestimated age (overall MD: males: +0.784 years; females: +0.323 years). Among the alternative methods studied in the systematic review, Moorrees and Nolla's methods tended to underestimate age, whereas Cameriere, Smith, and London Atlas'methods tended to overestimate age. CONCLUSION: Most methods studied consistently overestimated age and should be used cautiously in forensic age estimation, underscoring the importance of tailoring methods such as the Demarjian method for the Iranian population to ensure accuracy and relevance in professional practice. Additional studies employing similar methodologies and focusing on the customization of dental age estimation methods are recommended to improve accuracy and applicability across diverse populations. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Razieh Jabbarian et al. BioMed Research International published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Jabbarian, Razieh AU - Jabbarian R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9142-8998 AD - Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran, qums.ac.ir. FAU - Ranjbaran, Mehdi AU - Ranjbaran M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0313-3373 AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran, qums.ac.ir. FAU - Mokhlesi, Aida AU - Mokhlesi A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1612-1571 AD - Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran, qums.ac.ir. AD - USERN Office, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran, qums.ac.ir. AD - Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran, qums.ac.ir. AD - Network of Interdisciplinarity in Neonates and Infants (NINI), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran, usern.tums.ac.ir. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Meta-Analysis PT - Systematic Review PL - United States TA - Biomed Res Int JT - BioMed research international JID - 101600173 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Age Determination by Teeth/methods MH - Child MH - Iran MH - Child, Preschool MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Tooth/diagnostic imaging PMC - PMC13265831 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Demirjian's method OT - Iranian children OT - chronological age OT - dental age estimation OT - meta-analysis OT - systematic review COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/15 11:37 MHDA- 2026/06/15 11:38 PMCR- 2026/06/14 CRDT- 2026/06/15 01:53 PHST- 2026/02/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/07/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/15 11:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/15 11:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/15 01:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - BMRI9351167 [pii] AID - 10.1155/bmri/9351167 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Biomed Res Int. 2026;2026(1):e9351167. doi: 10.1155/bmri/9351167. PMID- 42289808 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260803 LR - 20260824 IS - 1522-726X (Electronic) IS - 1522-1946 (Print) IS - 1522-1946 (Linking) VI - 108 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Percutaneous Deployment of the Sinus-SuperFlex-DS Stent for Hybrid Stage I Palliation in Neonates Weighing /= 3 days/week), widespread sleep disturbances (49.7%), recreational screen use (median= 6 hours/day), and poor dietary intake (>90% consumed fewer than two vegetable servings daily). Narratives revealed that play was often replaced by structured adult-imposed activities, screen time served as both emotional refuge and behavioral reward, and sleep was self-managed through distractions such as eating or watching TV. Children viewed these habits as normal despite feelings of fatigue, frustration, and a longing for autonomy. CONCLUSION: Children's post-lockdown routines reflect adaptation rather than behavioral lapses, requiring interventions focus on emotional regulation, time balance, quality rest, and active play (not merely a return to pre-pandemic norms). FAU - Castrellon-Vergara, Shirley AU - Castrellon-Vergara S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-2359-9282 AD - Programa de Especializacion en Pediatria - Facultad de Medicina, Fundacion Universitaria Sanitas, Bogota D.C., Colombia. FAU - Rueda-Alfonso, Blanca Nathalia AU - Rueda-Alfonso BN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1976-5495 AD - Programa de Especializacion en Pediatria - Facultad de Medicina, Fundacion Universitaria Sanitas, Bogota D.C., Colombia. FAU - Palacios-Ariza, Maria Alejandra AU - Palacios-Ariza MA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9795-0285 AD - Unidad de Investigacion, Fundacion Universitaria Sanitas, Bogota D.C., Colombia. FAU - Guevara-Santamaria, Fabian Ricardo AU - Guevara-Santamaria FR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0993-745X AD - Versania Primera Infancia, Grupo Keralty, Bogota, D.C., Colombia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260613 PL - United States TA - Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being JT - International journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being JID - 101256506 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Female MH - *Screen Time MH - Male MH - *Sleep MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - *Exercise MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Colombia/epidemiology MH - *Diet MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *Quarantine/psychology MH - Sleep Duration MH - Qualitative Research PMC - PMC13267027 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Child health OT - dietary habits OT - lifestyle OT - physical activity OT - screen time OT - sleep COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/15 11:31 MHDA- 2026/06/15 11:32 PMCR- 2026/06/13 CRDT- 2026/06/13 07:03 PHST- 2026/06/15 11:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/15 11:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/13 07:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2683936 [pii] AID - 10.1080/17482631.2026.2683936 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being. 2026 Dec 31;21(1):2683936. doi: 10.1080/17482631.2026.2683936. Epub 2026 Jun 13. PMID- 42286440 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260613 LR - 20260925 IS - 2719-535X (Electronic) IS - 2719-6488 (Print) IS - 1428-345X (Linking) VI - 30 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jan 1 TI - Comparative Performance of Machine Learning Models Using Food Intake Frequency Versus Vegetable Intake Data to Predict Problematic Mealtime Behaviour in Japanese Preschool Children. PG - 106-115 LID - 10.34763/jmotherandchild.20263001.d-25-00036 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Selective eating often leads to nutritional imbalance and mealtime stress, making early identification essential. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the predictive performance of machine learning (ML) models using two types of input data-namely, vegetable intake and food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) responses-to identify children with selective eating behaviour (cutoff score >/=1.59). MATERIAL AND METHODS: We analysed a cross-sectional dataset of 283 children aged 3-6 years using up to 8 predictors selected from 15 food-frequency items or 15 designated vegetables, along with age and sex. Selective eating behaviour was defined as a selective eating score of >/= 1.59. Eleven ML algorithms were trained and evaluated, resulting in 11,253 feature-model combinations. Model performance was assessed using 5-fold cross-validation based on accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, and ROC-AUC. Permutation importance analysis was conducted to identify key predictive features. RESULTS: Among the 11 ML algorithms tested, vegetable intake-based L1 logistic regression showed the best performance (ROC-AUC = 0.717, accuracy = 0.647, precision = 0.722, recall = 0.659, F1 = 0.808). Permutation importance further identified tomato, green onion, and taro as key contributors in the vegetable intake-based L1 logistic regression model. In contrast, the FFQ-based Naive Bayes model showed relatively good discrimination (ROC-AUC = 0.619) despite moderate recall. CONCLUSION: Vegetable intake-based ML models were more effective than those using FFQ data in identifying children with selective eating behaviour. Detailed dietary assessment aids early detection. CI - (c) 2026 Naoki Sakane et al., published by Institute of Mother and Child. FAU - Sakane, Naoki AU - Sakane N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2625-571X AD - Division of Preventive Medicine, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organisation NHO Kyoto Medical Centre, Kyoto, Japan. FAU - Kawaguchi, Yaeko AU - Kawaguchi Y AD - Division of Preventive Medicine, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organisation NHO Kyoto Medical Centre, Kyoto, Japan. FAU - Somei, Junichiro AU - Somei J AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-0804-0831 AD - Division of Preventive Medicine, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organisation NHO Kyoto Medical Centre, Kyoto, Japan. FAU - Suganuma, Akiko AU - Suganuma A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2005-5151 AD - Division of Preventive Medicine, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organisation NHO Kyoto Medical Centre, Kyoto, Japan. FAU - Domichi, Masayuki AU - Domichi M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6157-8151 AD - Division of Preventive Medicine, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organisation NHO Kyoto Medical Centre, Kyoto, Japan. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260608 PL - Poland TA - J Mother Child JT - Journal of mother and child JID - 101771247 RN - Japanese people SB - IM MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Classification Algorithms MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - East Asian People/psychology/statistics & numerical data MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - Japan MH - *Machine Learning MH - *Meals/psychology MH - Predictive Learning Models MH - Surveys and Questionnaires/statistics & numerical data MH - *Vegetables MH - Prediction Algorithms PMC - PMC13263313 OTO - NOTNLM OT - food OT - machine learning OT - machine performance OT - mealtime behaviour OT - preschool children OT - vegetable COIS- Conflicts of interest The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/13 00:40 MHDA- 2026/06/13 06:38 PMCR- 2026/06/08 CRDT- 2026/06/12 23:53 PHST- 2025/09/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/12/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/13 06:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/13 00:40 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/12 23:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jmotherandchild.20263001.d-25-00036 [pii] AID - 10.34763/jmotherandchild.20263001.d-25-00036 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Mother Child. 2026 Jun 8;30(1):106-115. doi: 10.34763/jmotherandchild.20263001.d-25-00036. eCollection 2026 Jan 1. PMID- 42286347 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260819 LR - 20260821 IS - 1590-1262 (Electronic) IS - 1124-4909 (Print) IS - 1124-4909 (Linking) VI - 31 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 12 TI - Development and initial validation of the Mindful Eating Behaviour Scale for children and parents. LID - 10.1007/s40519-026-01881-1 [doi] LID - 75 AB - PURPOSE: This research aimed to address existing methodological limitations in research on mindful eating behaviours in children, to enhance future research in this area. This manuscript presents the development and the assessment of the validity and reliability of a Mindful Eating Behaviour Scale for children and parents across five studies. METHODS: Study 1 assessed the scale's content validity using ratings from experts in the field. Study 2 evaluated the internal consistency of the scales. Study 3 explored temporal stability using a test-retest design with a 2-week interval. Studies 4 and 5 examined the criterion-related validity of the scales. RESULTS: Study 1 demonstrated that the items reflected the definition of mindful eating behaviour and were suitable for children. Study 2 showed that the scale and the subscales, "sensory attention" and "non-judgemental awareness" demonstrated good internal consistency. Using exploratory factor analysis, the scale supported the presence of two factors, "sensory attention" and "non-judgemental awareness". Study 3 showed that the scale was a reliable measure over time. Studies 4 and 5 showed that the scales are suitable measures for mindful eating behaviour. The scales demonstrated correlations between mindfulness and other eating behaviours, but further research is required, as only limited associations were observed. CONCLUSIONS: The current research presents new psychometric scales for mindful eating in children. The studies show that the scale is valid and reliable. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: No level of evidence: basic science. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Dunsmore, Natasha AU - Dunsmore N AD - Department of Psychology, School of Health and Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, The Curzon Building, 4 Cardigan St, Birmingham, B4 7BD, UK. natasha.dunsmore@mail.bcu.ac.uk. FAU - Hussain, Misba AU - Hussain M AD - Department of Psychology, School of Health and Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, The Curzon Building, 4 Cardigan St, Birmingham, B4 7BD, UK. FAU - Giannou, Kyriaki AU - Giannou K AD - Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK. FAU - Mantzios, Michail AU - Mantzios M AD - Department of Psychology, School of Health and Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, The Curzon Building, 4 Cardigan St, Birmingham, B4 7BD, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260612 PL - Germany TA - Eat Weight Disord JT - Eating and weight disorders : EWD JID - 9707113 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - *Mindfulness MH - Child MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Psychometrics MH - *Parents/psychology MH - Female MH - Male MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Child Behavior/psychology PMC - PMC13486019 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Children OT - Children's eating behaviours OT - Eating behaviours OT - Mindful Eating Behaviour Scale OT - Mindful eating OT - Mindful eating behaviour COIS- Declarations. Ethical approval: Ethical approval was obtained by the host University's Ethical Committee corresponding ethical guidelines. Application approval number: Dunsmore/#13801/sub3/R(B)/2024/Dec/BLSS FAEC. Participants were presented with information sheets and consent forms, following specific instructions set in the guidelines of the British Psychological Society (BPS), where a designated consent page used checkboxes to allow participants to indicate that they have read and understood each statement and key aspects of the consent information before proceeding with the study. The BPS ethical guidelines were followed when collecting the research and specified the retention of data for 10 years in a secure institutional server, to which participants also provided consent. Consent to participate: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. Consent for publication: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants to publish the findings of this research. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/13 00:39 MHDA- 2026/08/19 14:49 PMCR- 2026/06/12 CRDT- 2026/06/12 23:26 PHST- 2025/12/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/19 14:49 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/13 00:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/12 23:26 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s40519-026-01881-1 [pii] AID - 1881 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s40519-026-01881-1 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Eat Weight Disord. 2026 Jun 12;31(1):75. doi: 10.1007/s40519-026-01881-1. PMID- 42286317 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260827 LR - 20260831 IS - 1590-1262 (Electronic) IS - 1124-4909 (Print) IS - 1124-4909 (Linking) VI - 31 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 13 TI - Development and validation of the Japanese version of Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-4-Revised (SATAQ-4R) among Japanese adolescents. LID - 10.1007/s40519-026-01877-x [doi] LID - 76 AB - PURPOSE: Internalization of appearance ideals and sociocultural pressures contribute to body dissatisfaction and eating disorders. Japanese adolescents report high levels of body dissatisfaction despite relatively low body mass index compared to peers in other countries, highlighting potential cultural influences. However, the Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-4-Revised (SATAQ-4R) has not been validated in Japan. This study aimed to develop a Japanese version of the SATAQ-4R and examine its psychometric properties among Japanese adolescents. METHODS: A nationwide population-based study was conducted in 2023 among 1,368 adolescents aged 11-17 years (girls: n = 694; boys: n = 674). Participants completed self-reported questionnaires. The factor structure of the SATAQ-4R was evaluated using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses (EFA and CFA), internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha, and convergent validity was examined using eating-related measures. RESULTS: EFA suggested a five-factor 23-item structure for girls and a seven-factor 23-item structure for boys. CFA showed suboptimal fit for the female model and comparatively better fit for the male model. Most subscales showed acceptable internal consistency, although one female pressure-related subscale showed inadequate reliability. Correlations with external measures provided partial evidence of convergent validity, with associations varying by sex and subscale. CONCLUSION: These findings provide preliminary evidence for psychometric properties of the Japanese SATAQ-4R. However, suboptimal female model fit, inadequate reliability of one female subscale, and mixed convergent validity evidence indicate that the resulting Japanese models should be used with caution. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III, cross-sectional observational study. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Saito, Takumi AU - Saito T AD - Center for Postgraduate Education and Training, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan. AD - Department of Life Course Epidemiology, Integrated Center for Women's Health, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan. FAU - Ishitsuka, Kazue AU - Ishitsuka K AD - Department of Life Course Epidemiology, Integrated Center for Women's Health, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan. ishitsuka-k@ncchd.go.jp. FAU - Piedvache, Aurelie AU - Piedvache A AD - Department of Social Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan. FAU - Yamaguchi, Satoshi AU - Yamaguchi S AD - Unit for Mental Health Promotion, Research Center for Social Science & Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan. FAU - Yamasaki, Syudo AU - Yamasaki S AD - Unit for Mental Health Promotion, Research Center for Social Science & Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan. FAU - Usami, Satoshi AU - Usami S AD - Graduate School of Education, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan. FAU - Ishiguro, Akira AU - Ishiguro A AD - Department of Pediatrics, National Disaster Medical Center, 3256 Midoricho, Tachikawa, Tokyo, 190-0014, Japan. FAU - Morisaki, Naho AU - Morisaki N AD - Department of Social Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan. LA - eng GR - 23K12759/Japan Society for the Promotion of Science/ GR - 22H03362/Japan Society for the Promotion of Science/ GR - JPCA24DA1234/Children and Families Agency Program/ GR - 2023B-13/The Grant of National Center for Child Health and Development/ GR - 2025A-3/The Grant of National Center for Child Health and Development/ GR - JPJSJRP20211709/JRP-LEAD with UKRI/ GR - 23FB1003/Health Labour Sciences Research Grants/ PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260613 PL - Germany TA - Eat Weight Disord JT - Eating and weight disorders : EWD JID - 9707113 RN - Japanese people SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Japan MH - Psychometrics MH - Child MH - *Body Image/psychology MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Attitude MH - Factor Analysis, Statistical MH - Body Satisfaction MH - *Body Dissatisfaction/psychology MH - East Asian People PMC - PMC13518460 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescents OT - Body image OT - SATAQ-4R OT - Social media OT - Thin internalization OT - Validation COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and the Ethical Guidelines for Clinical/Epidemiological Studies of the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of the National Center for Child Health, Japan (No. 2021-133). Consent to participate: Written informed consent was obtained from the participants and their guardians. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/13 00:40 MHDA- 2026/08/27 05:35 PMCR- 2026/06/13 CRDT- 2026/06/12 23:25 PHST- 2026/03/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/27 05:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/13 00:40 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/12 23:25 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s40519-026-01877-x [pii] AID - 1877 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s40519-026-01877-x [doi] PST - epublish SO - Eat Weight Disord. 2026 Jun 13;31(1):76. doi: 10.1007/s40519-026-01877-x. PMID- 42285572 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260613 LR - 20260813 IS - 2044-6055 (Electronic) IS - 2044-6055 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun 12 TI - Association of 24-hour movement guideline adherence with mental health symptoms among Colombian university students: a cross-sectional study. PG - e118611 LID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2026-118611 [doi] LID - e118611 AB - OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the associations between adherence to the 24-hour movement guidelines and symptoms of anxiety and depression among Colombian university students. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS: 1125 individuals (mean age 20.2+/-2.5 years; 56.7% female). SETTING: Students sampled from a single public university. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Participants completed validated self-report instruments: the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form to assess physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviour (SB) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index to assess sleep duration. Symptoms of depression and anxiety were measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, with a score of >/=11 used to classify elevated symptoms. Binary logistic regression models were used to estimate associations between adherence to the 24-hour movement guidelines (meeting all three, two, one or none) and mental health outcomes, adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS: Only 15.5% of students met all three components of the 24-hour movement guidelines. Meeting a greater number of components was significantly associated with lower odds of depressive and anxiety symptoms. In fully adjusted analyses, students who met all three guidelines were less likely to report anxiety symptoms (OR=0.26; 95%CI 0.13 to 0.54) and depressive symptoms (OR=0.42; 95%CI 0.22 to 0.79) compared with those who met none. Among individual behaviours, sufficient PA and adequate sleep were independently associated with lower odds of both outcomes, whereas high SB was associated with higher odds of elevated symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: In this cross-sectional study, adherence to a greater number of 24-hour movement guideline components was associated with lower levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms in a graded manner. However, the cross-sectional design precludes inference regarding directionality or causality, and bidirectional associations or residual confounding remain possible. Longitudinal and interventional studies are needed to determine whether integrated daily movement behaviours influence mental health outcomes in young adults, particularly in Latin American populations. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ Group. FAU - Romero-Martinez, Gonzalo AU - Romero-Martinez G AD - Facultad de Ciencias de la Educacion, Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca (UCEVA), Tulua, Colombia. FAU - Urriago-Fontal, Juan Carlos AU - Urriago-Fontal JC AD - Facultad de Ciencias de la Educacion, Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca (UCEVA), Tulua, Colombia. FAU - Quirama-Garcia, Hector Mario AU - Quirama-Garcia HM AD - Facultad de Ciencias de la Educacion, Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca (UCEVA), Tulua, Colombia. FAU - Ortiz-Lopez, Julian David AU - Ortiz-Lopez JD AD - Facultad de Ciencias de la Educacion, Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca (UCEVA), Tulua, Colombia. FAU - Arias-Alzate, Carolina AU - Arias-Alzate C AD - Facultad de Ciencias de la Educacion, Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca (UCEVA), Tulua, Colombia. FAU - Gutierrez-Quintero, Gustavo Adolfo AU - Gutierrez-Quintero GA AD - Facultad de Ciencias de la Educacion, Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca (UCEVA), Tulua, Colombia. FAU - Palma Pulido, Luis Hebert AU - Palma Pulido LH AD - Facultad de Ciencias de la Educacion, Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca (UCEVA), Tulua, Colombia. FAU - Calderon-Gonzalez, Juan Carlos AU - Calderon-Gonzalez JC AD - Facultad de Ciencias de la Educacion, Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca (UCEVA), Tulua, Colombia. FAU - Ramirez-Velez, Robinson AU - Ramirez-Velez R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3075-6960 AD - Facultad de Ciencias de la Educacion, Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca (UCEVA), Tulua, Colombia robin640@hotmail.com robinson.ramirez@unavarra.es. AD - Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Universidad Publica de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, Spain. AD - CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260612 PL - England TA - BMJ Open JT - BMJ open JID - 101552874 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Colombia/epidemiology MH - Young Adult MH - *Students/psychology MH - *Depression/epidemiology/prevention & control MH - *Anxiety/epidemiology/prevention & control MH - Male MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - Universities MH - *Guideline Adherence MH - Sedentary Behavior MH - *Mental Health MH - Sleep Duration MH - Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Logistic Models MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Self Report PMC - PMC13289006 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Anxiety disorders OT - Depression & mood disorders OT - Exercise OT - Health OT - SLEEP MEDICINE OT - Young Adult COIS- Competing interests: None declared. EDAT- 2026/06/13 00:38 MHDA- 2026/06/13 06:38 PMCR- 2026/06/12 CRDT- 2026/06/12 20:43 PHST- 2026/06/13 06:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/13 00:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/12 20:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjopen-2026-118611 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2026-118611 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Open. 2026 Jun 12;16(6):e118611. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2026-118611. PMID- 42285221 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260923 LR - 20260929 IS - 2405-4577 (Electronic) IS - 2405-4577 (Linking) VI - 75 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Nutritional intake in children with cerebral palsy and typically developing peers: A comprehensive study using a novel smartphone application. PG - 103401 LID - S2405-4577(26)00498-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.clnesp.2026.103401 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND & AIMS: Nutrition might play a key role in addressing structural alterations in children with cerebral palsy (CP). However, a comprehensive description of their nutritional intake, and comparison to typically developing (TD) peers, using a low-burden assessment method, is lacking. The aim was to (1) propose a novel smartphone application to register nutritional intake; (2) comprehensively describe nutritional intake in children with CP in comparison to the nutritional guidelines; and (3) in comparison to TD peers. METHODS: A prospective cross-sectional observational study was conducted in ambulant children with spastic CP and TD peers. Nutritional intake was assessed using a 3-day estimated food record, logged in a novel smartphone application 'Digital Diary'. The intra-rater inter-session reliability of the Digital Diary was analyzed using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and Standard Error of Measurements (SEM). The independent t-test investigated differences between the total samples of children with CP and TD children, and between the different age and CP-severity groups. RESULTS: Fifty-five children with spastic CP (6.51 +/- 3.10 years) and 50 TD children (7.26 +/- 2.85 years) were included. ICC varied from poor to good reliability, depending on the nutritional parameter. All children with CP and TD children met the daily protein intake guideline, but only half had a sufficient daily energy intake. This insufficient energy intake was not mirrored in their weight-for-height standard deviations. No significant differences (p > 0.05) exceeding the calculated SEM values were present between different CP-severity levels or between TD children and children with CP. CONCLUSIONS: The Digital Diary offers a time-efficient way to record nutritional intake. Although its test-retest reliability varied, key SEM values were reported to support more accurate interpretation. This study underscores the need to investigate the basal metabolic rate and overall energy requirements of children with CP in order to develop accurate, population-specific nutritional guidelines. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Verreydt, Ineke AU - Verreydt I AD - Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium. Electronic address: ineke.verreydt@kuleuven.be. FAU - Rymen, Daisy AU - Rymen D AD - Department of Development and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Staut, Lauraine AU - Staut L AD - Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium; Clinical Motion Analysis Laboratory, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Vanhauwaert, Erika AU - Vanhauwaert E AD - University Colleges Leuven-Limburg (UCLL), Centre of Expertise Health Innovation, Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Maes, Gitte AU - Maes G AD - Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Lambrechts, Charlotte AU - Lambrechts C AD - Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Campenhout, Anja Van AU - Campenhout AV AD - Department of Development and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Belgium; Pediatric Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedics, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Desloovere, Kaat AU - Desloovere K AD - Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium; Clinical Motion Analysis Laboratory, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Ortibus, Els AU - Ortibus E AD - Department of Development and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Belgium; Leuven Child and Youth Institute, KU Leuven, Belgium. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260612 PL - England TA - Clin Nutr ESPEN JT - Clinical nutrition ESPEN JID - 101654592 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Cerebral Palsy/physiopathology MH - Child MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Smartphone MH - Prospective Studies MH - Male MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Diet Records MH - *Mobile Applications MH - *Nutrition Assessment MH - Energy Intake MH - *Nutritional Status MH - Child, Preschool OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cerebral palsy OT - Dietary OT - Digital diary OT - Macronutrients OT - Nutrition OT - Typically developing COIS- Conflicts of interest The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/13 00:38 MHDA- 2026/09/23 05:35 CRDT- 2026/06/12 19:32 PHST- 2026/01/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/23 05:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/13 00:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/12 19:32 [entrez] AID - S2405-4577(26)00498-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.clnesp.2026.103401 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2026 Oct;75:103401. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2026.103401. Epub 2026 Jun 12. PMID- 42284454 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260612 IS - 1537-6613 (Electronic) IS - 0022-1899 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jun 12 TI - Induction of beta-Defensin 1 (DEFB1) via synthetic mRNA reduces Cryptosporidium parvum infection in human intestinal cells. LID - jiag302 [pii] LID - 10.1093/infdis/jiag302 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Cryptosporidiosis, caused by the protozoan parasite Cryptosporidium, is a leading cause of severe diarrhea, morbidity, and mortality in immunocompromised patients and malnourished children. Because the only FDA-approved treatment, nitazoxanide, shows limited efficacy in malnourished children and is ineffective in the immunodeficient, novel therapeutics for vulnerable populations are urgently needed. Host-directed therapy (HDT) is a promising strategy that utilizes the induction of endogenous protective molecules. For example, intestinal epithelial cells defend the mucosa by upregulating antimicrobial peptides like beta-defensins (DEFBs). Previous work has demonstrated that human DEFB1 possesses anti-cryptosporidial activity. In this work we used synthetic DEFB1-mRNA to induce DEFB1 protein in human intestinal cells and evaluate its protection against Cryptosporidium parvum infection in vitro. METHODS: HCT-8 cells were transfected with synthetic, co-transcriptionally capped DEFB1-mRNA or control mRNAs complexed with Lipofectamine MessengerMAX. Transfection efficiency was validated via EGFP expression. Twenty-four hours post-transfection, cells were challenged with excysted C. parvum sporozoites. DEFB1 protein induction was quantified by ELISA, while parasite burden and cell viability were assessed via microscopy, RT-qPCR, and MTT assays. RESULTS: Our results show that transfecting HCT-8 cells with synthetic mRNA results in a twofold increase in DEFB1 protein expression. This induction protects cells from C. parvum infection, achieving an approximate 80% reduction in parasite burden with no detectable cytotoxicity. CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight the potential of mRNA technology for developing HDTs against cryptosporidiosis and other enteric pathogens. Moreover, this study establishes a foundation for utilizing synthetic mRNA as a rapid platform to evaluate intestinal gene function during parasitic infections. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site-for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com. FAU - Ortega-Mendez, Justine AU - Ortega-Mendez J AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-4642-8914 AD - Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA. AD - Department of Internal Medicine-Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA. FAU - Rojas, Jose M AU - Rojas JM AD - Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA. FAU - White, A Clinton Jr AU - White AC Jr AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9668-4632 AD - Department of Internal Medicine-Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA. AD - Center for Tropical Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA. FAU - Castellanos-Gonzalez, Alejandro AU - Castellanos-Gonzalez A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9092-153X AD - Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA. AD - Department of Internal Medicine-Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA. AD - Center for Tropical Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260612 PL - United States TA - J Infect Dis JT - The Journal of infectious diseases JID - 0413675 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cryptosporidium parvum OT - Cryptosporidiosis OT - DEFB1 OT - HCT-8 cells OT - Host-directed therapy OT - RNA therapeutics OT - Synthetic mRNA OT - antimicrobial peptides OT - beta-defensin 1 EDAT- 2026/06/12 18:41 MHDA- 2026/06/12 18:41 CRDT- 2026/06/12 14:42 PHST- 2026/02/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/12 18:41 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/12 18:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/12 14:42 [entrez] AID - 8707192 [pii] AID - 10.1093/infdis/jiag302 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - J Infect Dis. 2026 Jun 12:jiag302. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiag302. PMID- 42282294 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260612 LR - 20260813 IS - 0973-2063 (Print) IS - 0973-2063 (Electronic) IS - 0973-2063 (Linking) VI - 22 IP - 4 DP - 2026 TI - Weight-for-age and mid-upper arm circumference versus weight-for-length as severe acute malnutrition indicators: A validation study in under-6-month infants. PG - 2305-2309 LID - 10.6026/973206300222305 [doi] AB - Infants are more susceptible to malnutrition than older children. The prevalence of severe wasting among Indian infants under-6 months of age is 14.8% according to the National Family Health Survey-4. The myth of complete protection by exclusive breastfeeding is debated when the prevalence of severe acute malnutrition (SAM) sprang up as high as 23.8% in a cross sectional study from Central India among 600 infants. Area under the curve for MUAC <11 cm was 0.936 (95% confidence interval); its sensitivity and specificity were 69.23% and 73.09%, respectively; area under the curve for weight-for-age had higher sensitivity at (88.81%), but lower specificity (61.1%). The highlighted modifiable risk factors were low birth weight and adverse feeding practices. Combined MUAC and weight-for-length screening strategies should be used specifically in low-resource, community-based contexts for SAM in infants aged under six months. CI - (c) 2026 Biomedical Informatics. FAU - Pinky, Kumari AU - Pinky K AD - Department of Paediatrics, Government Medical College, Satna, Madhya Pradesh, India. FAU - Mahore, Rashmi Randa AU - Mahore RR AD - Department of Pediatrics, GMC Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India. FAU - Thakur, Shiva Saloni AU - Thakur SS AD - Department of Pediatrics, Civil hospital Amarwara, Chhindwara, Madhya Pradesh, India. FAU - Parmar, Sachin AU - Parmar S AD - Department of Community Medicine, V.K.S. Government Medical College, Neemuch, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260430 PL - Singapore TA - Bioinformation JT - Bioinformation JID - 101258255 PMC - PMC13252213 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) OT - infants under six months OT - mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) EDAT- 2026/06/12 06:38 MHDA- 2026/06/12 06:39 PMCR- 2026/04/30 CRDT- 2026/06/12 05:02 PHST- 2026/04/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/12 06:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/12 06:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/12 05:02 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 973206300222305 [pii] AID - 10.6026/973206300222305 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Bioinformation. 2026 Apr 30;22(4):2305-2309. doi: 10.6026/973206300222305. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42281579 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260612 LR - 20260813 IS - 2398-8835 (Electronic) IS - 2398-8835 (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Dietary Index for Gut Microbiota and the Odds of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease in Overweight and Obese Children and Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study. PG - e72640 LID - 10.1002/hsr2.72640 [doi] LID - e72640 AB - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is increasingly prevalent among children and adolescents with overweight or obesity, posing a growing public health challenge. Emerging evidence highlights the gut microbiota as a critical mediator in MAFLD pathogenesis, yet few studies have explored dietary factors influencing this axis in pediatric populations. This cross-sectional study investigated the association between the Dietary Index for Gut Microbiota (DI-GM) and MAFLD. METHODS: A total of 505 Iranian youths aged 7-18 years enrolled in a national obesity registry. Dietary intake was assessed via a validated 147-item Food Frequency Questionnaire. MAFLD was diagnosed according to international expert consensus, requiring ultrasound‑confirmed hepatic steatosis in the presence of overweight/obesity or other metabolic abnormalities. RESULTS: Multivariable logistic regression models revealed that higher DI-GM scores were significantly associated with lower odds of MAFLD (OR per unit increase: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.71-0.91; p < 0.001). Participants in the highest DI-GM quartile had markedly reduced risk compared to the lowest quartile (OR: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.22-0.81). Notably, the inverse association was significant only among post-pubertal participants. Mediation analysis indicated that liver enzymes-alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST)-partially explained this relationship, accounting for 20.0%, 19.2%, and 6.7% of the association, respectively. CONCLUSION: These findings underscore the potential of microbiota-oriented dietary strategies to mitigate MAFLD risk in pediatric populations with obesity. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Health Science Reports published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Kamrani, Farzam AU - Kamrani F AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-2460-4218 AD - Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran. FAU - Nikparast, Ali AU - Nikparast A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2686-2584 AD - Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition & Food Technology Research Institute Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran. AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran. FAU - Tabatabaeyan, Ali AU - Tabatabaeyan A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-9974-3537 AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Students' Research Committee Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan Iran. FAU - Etesami, Elahe AU - Etesami E AD - Department of Nutrition SR.C., Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran. FAU - Rohani, Pejman AU - Rohani P AD - Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran. FAU - Asghari, Golaleh AU - Asghari G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7925-5158 AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260610 PL - United States TA - Health Sci Rep JT - Health science reports JID - 101728855 PMC - PMC13250465 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Dietary Index for Gut Microbiota OT - MAFLD OT - adolescent OT - children OT - metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/12 06:39 MHDA- 2026/06/12 06:40 PMCR- 2026/06/10 CRDT- 2026/06/12 04:54 PHST- 2025/10/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/12 06:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/12 06:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/12 04:54 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - HSR272640 [pii] AID - 10.1002/hsr2.72640 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Health Sci Rep. 2026 Jun 10;9(6):e72640. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.72640. eCollection 2026 Jun. PMID- 42281577 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260612 LR - 20260813 IS - 2398-8835 (Electronic) IS - 2398-8835 (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Household Water and Sanitation Practices and Their Association With Diarrheal and Acute Respiratory Infections Among Children Under Five in Ghana: A Cross-Sectional Predictive Model and Spatial Analysis. PG - e72628 LID - 10.1002/hsr2.72628 [doi] LID - e72628 AB - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Diarrhea and acute respiratory infections (ARI) remain leading causes of under-five morbidity in low- and middle-income countries. Although Ghana achieved improved drinking water and sanitation coverage, significant regional and socioeconomic inequities persist. This study examined the associations between household water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) practices and diarrhea, ARI, and their comorbidity among under-five children in Ghana. METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis of 6344 children aged 0-59 months from the 2022 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey was conducted. Survey-weighted descriptive statistics and multilevel logistic regression were applied. Predictive performance was assessed using fivefold cluster-preserving cross-validation, Brier scores, calibration slopes, calibration plots, and cross-validated area under the curve (AUC). Spatial patterns were described using choropleth maps, Global Moran's I, Getis-Ord Gi*, and Local Moran's I (LISA). Counterfactual WASH reductions were estimated with bootstrap confidence intervals (200 replicates). A complementary random-effects meta-analysis quantified between-region heterogeneity (I(2)). RESULTS: Two-week prevalence of diarrhea, ARI, and comorbidity was 14.4% (95% CI: 12.7%-16.3%), 5.6% (95% CI: 4.7%-6.6%), and 1.8% (95% CI: 1.3%-2.5%), respectively, with a pronounced north-south gradient. No WASH variable reached significance in adjusted multilevel models. Diarrhea was associated with child age 6-35 months, maternal secondary and higher education, and household wealth. ARI was associated with co-occurring diarrhea and stunting. Stunting was the sole significant predictor of comorbidity. Community-level factors explained 21%-35% of variance. Cross-validated AUC was 0.787 (diarrhea), 0.896 (ARI), and 0.577 (comorbidity); calibration slopes were 3.68-11.68 (all poor). Global Moran's I showed no significant spatial autocorrelation for all three outcomes. Improving cooking fuel universally was the only scenario associated with a statistically significant absolute reduction in diarrhea prevalence: 1.4% points (relative reduction 13.9%; 95% CI: 6.2%-21.6%). CONCLUSIONS: Household WASH infrastructure showed no significant adjusted association with childhood diarrhea, ARI, or comorbidity after controlling for socioeconomic and nutritional confounders. A pronounced north-south disease gradient calls for geographically targeted, multisectoral interventions. Predictive models demonstrated adequate discrimination but poor calibration, limiting their use to population-level risk stratification. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Health Science Reports published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Salifu, Yula AU - Salifu Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1223-1765 AD - Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, School of Public Health University of Ghana Legon Ghana. FAU - Gyan, Paul AU - Gyan P AD - Health Facilities Regulatory Agency Ashanti Region Ghana. FAU - Lasong, Joseph AU - Lasong J AD - Department of Population and Reproductive Health University for Development Studies Tamale Ghana. FAU - Walana, Williams AU - Walana W AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2938-1332 AD - Department of Clinical Microbiology, School of Medicine University for Development Studies Tamale Ghana. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260609 PL - United States TA - Health Sci Rep JT - Health science reports JID - 101728855 PMC - PMC13250393 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Ghana OT - WASH OT - acute respiratory infections OT - children under five OT - demographic and health survey OT - diarrhea OT - multilevel modeling OT - predictive modeling OT - spatial analysis COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/12 06:39 MHDA- 2026/06/12 06:40 PMCR- 2026/06/09 CRDT- 2026/06/12 04:54 PHST- 2025/10/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/12 06:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/12 06:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/12 04:54 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - HSR272628 [pii] AID - 10.1002/hsr2.72628 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Health Sci Rep. 2026 Jun 9;9(6):e72628. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.72628. eCollection 2026 Jun. PMID- 42281323 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260612 LR - 20260612 IS - 1526-3711 (Electronic) IS - 1526-3711 (Linking) VI - 27 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Mar 1 TI - Evaluation of a Novel Zygomatic-based Cephalometric Angle for Sagittal Skeletal Discrepancy: A Retrospective Study. PG - 304-309 LID - 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-4036 [doi] AB - AIM: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of a novel zygomatic-based cephalometric parameter, the ZYen angle, for assessing sagittal skeletal discrepancies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective cross-sectional study analyzed 369 pretreatment lateral cephalograms of subjects aged 18-25 years, equally distributed into skeletal class I (n = 123), class II (n = 123), and class III (n = 123) groups. Skeletal classification was performed using the A point-nasion-B point angle (ANB) and Wits appraisal. The ZYen angle, defined using points M, Z (zygomatic point), and D, was measured, and its diagnostic performance was assessed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to determine sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC). RESULTS: The ZYen angle showed significant differences among skeletal classes (p < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated excellent discrimination between skeletal class I and class III (AUC = 0.908), with a cut-off value of 29.5 degrees providing balanced sensitivity (78.9%) and specificity (82.9%). In contrast, discrimination between class I and class II was poor (AUC = 0.594), indicating limited diagnostic ability for identifying class II patterns. CONCLUSION: The ZYen angle is a reliable sagittal skeletal parameter with high diagnostic accuracy for distinguishing class I from class III relationships but limited utility in differentiating class II malocclusions. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Accurate sagittal skeletal diagnosis is essential for orthodontic treatment planning and prognosis. The ZYen angle utilizes stable zygomatic landmarks and minimizes reliance on cranial base and dental reference points, enhancing diagnostic confidence in class III cases. It may serve as a clinically useful adjunct to conventional cephalometric parameters, particularly in borderline or ambiguous sagittal discrepancies. CI - (c) The Author(s). 2026 Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). This license permits non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited, a link to the license is included, and any changes are indicated. FAU - Shetty, Subramanya AU - Shetty S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-0803-7938 AD - Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Yenepoya Dental College, Yenepoya University, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India. FAU - Umar, Dilshad AU - Umar D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1130-9359 AD - Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Yenepoya Dental College, Yenepoya University, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India, e-mail: orthodil@gmail.com. FAU - Egipsy, Kelly Ctm AU - Egipsy KC AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-6999-8123 AD - Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Yenepoya Dental College, Yenepoya University, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India. FAU - Khais, Mohammed AU - Khais M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-4697-8499 AD - Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Yenepoya Dental College, Yenepoya University, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260301 PL - India TA - J Contemp Dent Pract JT - The journal of contemporary dental practice JID - 101090552 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Cephalometry/methods MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Zygoma/diagnostic imaging/anatomy & histology MH - Adolescent MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Young Adult MH - Male MH - Sensitivity and Specificity MH - ROC Curve MH - *Malocclusion/diagnosis/diagnostic imaging MH - Malocclusion, Angle Class II MH - Malocclusion, Angle Class III MH - Malocclusion, Angle Class I OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cephalometry OT - Malocclusion OT - Sagittal skeletal discrepancy OT - Zygoma COIS- None EDAT- 2026/06/12 06:39 MHDA- 2026/06/13 00:39 CRDT- 2026/06/12 02:44 PHST- 2026/02/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/13 00:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/12 06:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/12 02:44 [entrez] AID - 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-4036 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Contemp Dent Pract. 2026 Mar 1;27(3):304-309. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-4036. PMID- 42281312 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260612 LR - 20260612 IS - 1526-3711 (Electronic) IS - 1526-3711 (Linking) VI - 27 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Mar 1 TI - Morphometric Evaluation of Cervical Vertebral Age and Mandibular Growth in Skeletal Class II Individuals Using Digital Cephalometry: A Cross-sectional Study. PG - 231-236 LID - 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-4008 [doi] AB - AIMS: This study examined the association between morphometric cervical vertebral bone (CVB) age and mandibular growth in Saudi individuals with skeletal class II malocclusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional analysis was performed using archived digital lateral cephalograms of 56 Saudi patients with skeletal class II malocclusion. Radiographs were categorized into a pubertal group (8-13 years; n = 28) and a postpubertal group (17-21 years; n = 28), with each group equally stratified by gender (14 males and 14 females). Mandibular length estimates calculated during the pubertal phase were compared with measured mandibular dimensions in postpubertal subjects, and sex-related growth differences were evaluated. Cervical vertebral bone age was calculated using vertebral morphometric measurements, and mandibular length (Condylion-Gnathion) was digitally assessed. Predicted mandibular lengths derived from CVB age were statistically compared with observed postpubertal values using independent t-tests, Cohen's d, and descriptive Bland-Altman analysis. RESULTS: Chronological age (CA) demonstrated no significant discrepancy from CVB age in either males (p = 0.28) or females (p = 0.63). Mandibular lengths predicted during the pubertal phase did not differ significantly from observed mandibular dimensions in the postpubertal group, for both sexes (p > 0.05). Bland-Altman analysis demonstrated minimal bias and acceptable group-level agreement, with higher precision in females. Males exhibited greater but more variable estimated growth potential than females. CONCLUSION: Morphometric CVB age showed good group-level agreement between mandibular length predicted during the pubertal phase (8-13 years) and measured postpubertal values (17-21 years) in Saudi skeletal class II subjects. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Accurate assessment of mandibular growth timing remains essential for optimizing orthopedic intervention in skeletal class II malocclusion. This study highlights the clinical applicability of CVB morphometric assessment as a practical, radiation-free approach using routine cephalograms to estimate mandibular growth potential and support informed treatment timing decisions. CI - (c) The Author(s). 2026 Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). This license permits non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited, a link to the license is included, and any changes are indicated. FAU - Almugla, Yousef M AU - Almugla YM AD - Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia, Phone: +966558555548, e-mail: yalmugla@kfu.edu.sa. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260301 PL - India TA - J Contemp Dent Pract JT - The journal of contemporary dental practice JID - 101090552 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Cervical Vertebrae/growth & development/diagnostic imaging/anatomy & histology MH - Adolescent MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Cephalometry/methods MH - *Malocclusion, Angle Class II/diagnostic imaging/physiopathology MH - Female MH - *Mandible/growth & development/diagnostic imaging MH - Child MH - Male MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Age Determination by Skeleton/methods MH - Young Adult MH - Saudi Arabia OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cephalometric analysis OT - Cervical vertebral age OT - Class II malocclusion OT - Jaw bone OT - Mandibular growth OT - Orthodontics OT - Prediction COIS- None EDAT- 2026/06/12 06:37 MHDA- 2026/06/12 06:38 CRDT- 2026/06/12 02:44 PHST- 2025/12/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/01/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/12 06:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/12 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/12 02:44 [entrez] AID - 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-4008 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Contemp Dent Pract. 2026 Mar 1;27(3):231-236. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-4008. PMID- 42280414 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260612 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 11 DP - 2026 May 30 TI - Cultural and Sex-Related Differences in Free-Word Associations with "Sweets": A Multinational Online Study. LID - 10.3390/nu18111771 [doi] LID - 1771 AB - Background: Free-word association (FWA) captures the most accessible lexical responses to a stimulus, providing a window into automatic cognitive representations of food categories that may differ across cultures and between sexes. Objectives: To examine whether the dominant cognitive associations evoked by the word "sweets" differ across three language groups (Hungarian, English, Spanish), whether they vary by sex, and whether they relate to body mass index (BMI) and self-reported eating disorder risk. Methods: A total of 1349 participants completed an online survey including a single FWA prompt. Responses were classified into 10 semantic categories and analyzed using chi-square tests. Effect sizes (Cramer's V) were reported for all tests. Height and weight were converted to uniform metric units, and BMI was calculated. Results: The association profile differed significantly across language groups (chi(2)[18] = 210.05, p < 0.001, V = 0.28). Chocolate dominated Hungarian responses, while Baked goods/Desserts and Sugar/Candy dominated English, and Positive emotion and Baked goods/Desserts predominated among Spanish speakers. Sex differences were significant overall (chi(2)[9] = 43.72, p < 0.001, V = 0.18). BMI distributions differed markedly across nations (chi(2)[6] = 157.17, p < 0.001, V = 0.26), and sweets categories were significantly associated with eating disorder risk (chi(2)[27] = 48.04, p = 0.008, V = 0.11); however, this result should be interpreted with caution given the extreme skew toward the lowest-risk category [84.2%], with Negative/Health associations overrepresented among higher-risk participants. Conclusions: Cultural context plays a significant role in shaping automatic cognitive associations with sweet foods. The exploratory association between sweets categories and self-reported eating disorder risk warrants further investigation using validated instruments before any substantive conclusions can be drawn. FAU - Avena, Nicole AU - Avena N AD - Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA. AD - Health Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. FAU - Kovacs, Reka Erika AU - Kovacs RE AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-0243-6878 AD - Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, Szechenyi Istvan University, 9026 Gyor, Hungary. FAU - Somogyi, Angela AU - Somogyi A AD - Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, Szechenyi Istvan University, 9026 Gyor, Hungary. FAU - de la Vega, Ricardo AU - de la Vega R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7395-3297 AD - Departamento de Educacion Fisica, Deporte y Motricidad Humana, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Szabo, Attila AU - Szabo A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2788-4304 AD - Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, Szechenyi Istvan University, 9026 Gyor, Hungary. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260530 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Body Mass Index MH - Sex Factors MH - Adult MH - Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology MH - Young Adult MH - Language MH - *Food Preferences/psychology/ethnology MH - *Cross-Cultural Comparison MH - Adolescent MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Cognition PMC - PMC13258868 OTO - NOTNLM OT - BMI OT - cross-cultural OT - eating behavior OT - eating disorders OT - free-word association OT - sex differences COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/12 06:38 MHDA- 2026/06/13 00:38 PMCR- 2026/05/30 CRDT- 2026/06/12 01:11 PHST- 2026/04/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/13 00:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/12 06:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/12 01:11 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18111771 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01771 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18111771 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 May 30;18(11):1771. doi: 10.3390/nu18111771. PMID- 42280409 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260613 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 11 DP - 2026 May 30 TI - Oral Mycobiome Alterations in Children with Phenylketonuria: Associations with Dietary Intake and Metabolic Context-A Pilot Study. LID - 10.3390/nu18111764 [doi] LID - 1764 AB - BACKGROUND: Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a metabolic disorder requiring a strict low-phenylalanine diet. Oral health impairment, including bacteriome dysbiosis, is common in PKU, yet the mycobiome remains poorly defined. This pilot study aimed to characterise the salivary oral mycobiome of children with PKU compared with controls and to explore associations with dietary intake. METHODS: Saliva samples from 18 children, including 8 patients with PKU and 10 age-matched controls, were profiled using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) amplicon sequencing. Alpha/beta diversity, taxonomic composition, diet-fungi correlations, discriminative taxa and LEfSe were analysed. RESULTS: Alpha diversity did not differ significantly between groups after correction for multiple comparisons, although exploratory subgroup analyses suggested lower evenness in PKU children aged <10 years compared with older controls. Beta diversity differed by diagnosis (PERMANOVA: F = 1.7251, p = 0.0062) and in the age-diagnosis model (F = 1.8502, p = 0.0004). Taxonomic analyses identified nominal differences in several fungal taxa, including Candida (p = 0.011), Saccharomycetales_fam_Incertae_sedis (p = 0.011), Naganishia (p = 0.020), and Aspergillaceae (p = 0.036) in PKU samples; however, these findings should be interpreted as exploratory because many did not remain significant after FDR correction. Diet-mycobiome analyses identified selected FDR-supported associations, including an inverse relationship between phenylalanine intake and Naganishia in PKU. CONCLUSIONS: This pilot study suggests preliminary compositional differences in the oral mycobiome of children with PKU that may be related to dietary therapy and metabolic context. These exploratory findings require validation in larger cohorts with detailed oral health assessment and control of confounders. FAU - Ostrowska, Malgorzata AU - Ostrowska M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1218-3225 AD - Department of Biotechnology, Microbiology and Human Nutrition, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-704 Lublin, Poland. FAU - Komon-Janczara, Elwira AU - Komon-Janczara E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4579-4994 AD - Department of Biotechnology, Microbiology and Human Nutrition, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-704 Lublin, Poland. FAU - Mikoluc, Bozena AU - Mikoluc B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8284-6426 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Rheumatology, Immunology and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland. FAU - Ilowiecka, Katarzyna AU - Ilowiecka K AD - Nutrition Clinic, Department of Clinical Dietetics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland. FAU - Jarczak, Justyna AU - Jarczak J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4357-7681 AD - Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Preclinical Research and Technology Center, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland. FAU - Zagorska, Justyna AU - Zagorska J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7869-2882 AD - Department of Food and Nutrition, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland. FAU - Zambrzycka, Paulina AU - Zambrzycka P AD - Metabolic Clinic, Department of Pediatrics, Rheumatology, Immunology and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Ludwig Zamenhoff University Children's Clinical Hospital, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland. FAU - Turroni, Silvia AU - Turroni S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2345-9482 AD - Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy. FAU - Szczerba, Hubert AU - Szczerba H AD - Department of Biotechnology, Microbiology and Human Nutrition, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-704 Lublin, Poland. LA - eng GR - 2022/06/X/NZ9/00519/National Science Centre/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260530 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Phenylketonurias/microbiology/metabolism MH - Pilot Projects MH - Male MH - Female MH - Child MH - *Diet MH - *Saliva/microbiology MH - *Mycobiome MH - Child, Preschool MH - Case-Control Studies MH - *Mouth/microbiology MH - *Fungi/classification PMC - PMC13259183 OTO - NOTNLM OT - fungal community shifts OT - metabolic disorders OT - nutrient-microbiome interactions OT - oral mycobiome OT - pediatric nutrition OT - phenylketonuria (PKU) COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/12 06:39 MHDA- 2026/06/15 11:36 PMCR- 2026/05/30 CRDT- 2026/06/12 01:11 PHST- 2026/04/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/15 11:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/12 06:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/12 01:11 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18111764 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01764 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18111764 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 May 30;18(11):1764. doi: 10.3390/nu18111764. PMID- 42280399 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260613 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 11 DP - 2026 May 29 TI - Ponderal Status, Eating and Lifestyle Habits in Rural School Children: A Pilot Survey of the SBAM-ONFOODS Cohort Study. LID - 10.3390/nu18111756 [doi] LID - 1756 AB - Background/Objectives: The rising prevalence of overweight and obesity reflects a trend towards worsening eating habits and reduced physical activity, with significant implications for public health and life expectancy. This pilot survey aimed to evaluate weight status, food habits and lifestyle in primary school children from under-researched rural areas of the Lazio region, Italy. Methods: A total of 182 children aged 6-10 years from the municipalities of Monte Romano and Tolfa were enrolled. Body Mass Index (BMI), calculated from measured weight and height, was classified by IOTF and WHO definitions. Food habits, socioeconomic factors and lifestyle were evaluated by a standard questionnaire, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) was assessed by the KIDMED test. Results: Data showed a high prevalence of overweight, including obesity (33.3%), based on IOTF criteria, with slightly higher rates in boys than girls (38.3% vs. 26.9%). According to the WHO definition, the rate of overweight/obesity was 39.5% with significant differences between males and females (46% vs. 30.8%). Only 19.9% of children had high adherence to MD (67.3% moderate, 12.9% low), and 29.5% of the sample did not eat breakfast every day. In addition, 25.4% met international physical activity recommendations, while around 40% exceeded the recommended screen time on weekend days, and 19.3% did not sleep the recommended hours. Conclusions: Preliminary data show high rates of excess weight, poor diet quality and unhealthy lifestyles. Extending the sampling to other municipalities in the study area will help validate these findings and provide deeper insights to inform targeted intervention strategies. FAU - Galfo, Myriam AU - Galfo M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4037-2979 AD - Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria (CREA), Centro di Ricerca Alimenti e Nutrizione (Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Food and Nutrition), Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy. FAU - D'Addezio, Laura AU - D'Addezio L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3392-5539 AD - Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria (CREA), Centro di Ricerca Alimenti e Nutrizione (Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Food and Nutrition), Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy. FAU - Roccaldo, Romana AU - Roccaldo R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2976-3864 AD - Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria (CREA), Centro di Ricerca Alimenti e Nutrizione (Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Food and Nutrition), Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy. FAU - Censi, Laura AU - Censi L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8769-6914 AD - Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria (CREA), Centro di Ricerca Alimenti e Nutrizione (Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Food and Nutrition), Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy. LA - eng GR - PE00000003/European Union/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260529 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Female MH - Male MH - Pilot Projects MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - *Life Style MH - *Rural Population/statistics & numerical data MH - Italy/epidemiology MH - Body Mass Index MH - Prevalence MH - Diet, Mediterranean MH - Overweight/epidemiology MH - *Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology MH - Cohort Studies MH - Exercise MH - Socioeconomic Factors MH - Surveys and Questionnaires PMC - PMC13258498 OTO - NOTNLM OT - children OT - food habits OT - lifestyle OT - ponderal status COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/12 06:39 MHDA- 2026/06/15 11:31 PMCR- 2026/05/29 CRDT- 2026/06/12 01:11 PHST- 2026/04/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/15 11:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/12 06:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/12 01:11 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18111756 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01756 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18111756 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 May 29;18(11):1756. doi: 10.3390/nu18111756. PMID- 42280396 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260614 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 11 DP - 2026 May 29 TI - Effect of a Theory-Informed, Six-Week Gamified Educational Intervention on Hydration Knowledge, Behavior, and Status in School Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial. LID - 10.3390/nu18111753 [doi] LID - 1753 AB - Aim: This study assessed the effects of a six-week educational intervention using an adapted "Snakes and Ladders" board game on hydration knowledge, behavior, and status among Tunisian elementary school children during physical education (PE) lessons. Method: A randomized controlled trial involving 207 children was conducted, with participants assigned to either the educational group (EG, n = 99) or the control group (CG, n = 108). The EG participated in six weekly 30-min board game sessions, while the CG continued regular activities. Knowledge of hydration was assessed using a validated questionnaire. Hydration status was monitored indirectly by the percentage change in body mass from pre- to post-PE session. Perceived thirst was evaluated using a 9-point scale, and hydration behavior was evaluated based on water consumption during PE lessons. Results: Following the intervention, the EG demonstrated a significant improvement in overall hydration knowledge (DeltaMean = +0.30 +/- 0.11 vs. -0.05 +/- 0.08 in CG; p < 0.001). Water intake during PE sessions increased progressively from week 2 (83.6 +/- 127.2 mL) to week 6 (311.2 +/- 204 mL) in the EG, whereas it remained unchanged in the CG (p < 0.001). Body mass loss after PE sessions decreased significantly in the EG (-0.03 kg) compared with the CG (-0.16 kg; p < 0.001), and perceived thirst before and after PE sessions was markedly lower (Cohen's d = 0.75-1.32). Conclusions. The six-week board-game intervention appeared effective in increasing hydration knowledge, promoting healthier drinking behaviors during PE, and improving indirect indicators of hydration status. These findings provide preliminary evidence for the feasibility and educational value of a gamified, low-cost approach to hydration promotion in schools. Further research should examine long-term retention, include objective hydration biomarkers, and evaluate applicability across diverse school settings and environmental conditions. FAU - Kacem, Sana AU - Kacem S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-9542-3511 AD - High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia. AD - Research Laboratory, Education, Motricity, Sport and Health (EM2S), LR15JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia. FAU - Trabelsi, Khaled AU - Trabelsi K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2623-9557 AD - High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia. AD - Research Laboratory, Education, Motricity, Sport and Health (EM2S), LR15JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia. AD - Department of Movement Sciences and Sports Training, School of Sport Science, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan. FAU - Ceylan, Halil Ibrahim AU - Ceylan HI AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-2214-4667 AD - Department of Physical Education of Sports Teaching, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkiye. FAU - Khacharem, Aimen AU - Khacharem A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9088-3967 AD - College of Sport Sciences, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar. FAU - Ammar, Achraf AU - Ammar A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0347-8053 AD - High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia. AD - Department of Training and Movement Science, Institute of Sport Science, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55122 Mainz, Germany. AD - Research Laboratory, Molecular Bases of Human Pathology, LR19ES13, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia. AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, School of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan. FAU - Clark, Cain C T AU - Clark CCT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6610-4617 AD - School of Life and Health Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham B15 3TN, UK. FAU - Abed, Kais El AU - Abed KE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9085-6379 AD - Research Laboratory, Education, Motricity, Sport and Health (EM2S), LR15JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia. FAU - Jahrami, Haitham AU - Jahrami H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8990-1320 AD - Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 329, Bahrain. FAU - Muntean, Raul Ioan AU - Muntean RI AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4615-6687 AD - Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Law and Social Sciences, University "1 Decembrie 1918" of Alba Iulia, 510009 Alba Iulia, Romania. FAU - Dergaa, Ismail AU - Dergaa I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8091-1856 AD - High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Jendouba 7100, Tunisia. AD - Physical Activity Research Unit, Sport and Health (UR18JS01), National Observatory of Sports, Tunis 1003, Tunisia. FAU - Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi AU - Bragazzi NL AD - Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrucken, Germany. FAU - Aziz, Abdul Rashid AU - Aziz AR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7727-7484 AD - Sport Science and Sports Medicine, Singapore Sport Institute, Singapore 397630, Singapore. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20260529 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Female MH - *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MH - Male MH - *Drinking MH - *Physical Education and Training/methods MH - *Dehydration/prevention & control MH - Thirst MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Schools MH - Child Behavior PMC - PMC13259264 OTO - NOTNLM OT - behavior OT - board game OT - body hydration status OT - children OT - game-based intervention OT - health promotion COIS- All authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/12 06:38 MHDA- 2026/06/15 11:33 PMCR- 2026/05/29 CRDT- 2026/06/12 01:11 PHST- 2026/04/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/15 11:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/12 06:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/12 01:11 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18111753 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01753 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18111753 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 May 29;18(11):1753. doi: 10.3390/nu18111753. PMID- 42280337 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260613 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 11 DP - 2026 May 26 TI - Maternal Methyl-Group Donor Intake and Neonatal Birth Size in Singleton IVF Pregnancies. LID - 10.3390/nu18111693 [doi] LID - 1693 AB - Background/Objectives: Maternal intake of methyl-group donors (MGD) during pregnancy may influence fetal development, yet its role in in vitro fertilization (IVF) pregnancies remains poorly understood. The aim of the present study was to investigate maternal intake of MGDs during late pregnancy and its association with neonatal outcomes in IVF versus spontaneously (S) conceived pregnancies. Methods: We assessed third-trimester, daily maternal intake of MGD (folate, betaine, choline, methionine, and folic acid) using a validated food-frequency questionnaire, and maternal supplement intake using a structured questionnaire. Methyl-donor nutrient score (MDNS) was calculated based on deciles of MGD intake. Serum folic acid and vitamin B12 concentrations were measured using standardized immunochemical assay. Predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. Anthropometric data were measured from singleton newborns (weight, length, head- and waist circumference, body composition) and mothers (height, weight, body composition) after delivery. Statistical analysis was conducted using R (4.1.2v). Results: 265 mother-child pairs were included in the study (IVF n = 83). Daily dietary intake of MGDs was similar between groups, but IVF mothers reported significantly higher daily folic acid (668.7 +/- 1050.9 vs. 418.8 +/- 419.2 microg, p = 0.0034) and vitamin B12 (11.07 +/- 31.58 vs. 7.95 +/- 29.00 microg, p = 0.0078) supplementation. Serum analyses were available in a subgroup (n = 131, IVF n = 61) of mothers, showing higher postpartum folate (IVF: 10.96 +/- 5.54 vs. S: 8.29 +/- 4.72 microg/L, p = 0.0064) and vitamin B12 (IVF: 288.22 +/- 113.82 vs. S: 233.70 +/- 78.23 ng/L, p = 0.0053). Maternal daily dietary choline intakes were significantly below recommendations (IVF: 251.9 +/- 98.5 mg, S: 243.8 +/- 106.8 mg). Among 151 singleton neonates (IVF n = 57), anthropometric parameters did not differ between IVF and spontaneously conceived groups and were not associated with MDNS tertiles. Conclusions: Maternal MGD intake during third trimester of pregnancy was not associated with neonatal anthropometric outcomes in singleton pregnancies. Consistently low dietary choline intake highlights a potential nutritional gap warranting improved dietary guidance and supplementation strategies. FAU - Bokor, Szilvia AU - Bokor S AD - Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Pecs, 7623 Pecs, Hungary. AD - National Laboratory on Human Reproduction, University of Pecs, 7623 Pecs, Hungary. AD - Molecular Medicine Research Group, Szentagothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, 7623 Pecs, Hungary. FAU - Felso, Regina AU - Felso R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5646-2093 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Pecs, 7623 Pecs, Hungary. AD - National Laboratory on Human Reproduction, University of Pecs, 7623 Pecs, Hungary. AD - Hungarian Centre of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Szentagothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, 7623 Pecs, Hungary. FAU - Csolle, Ildiko AU - Csolle I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3582-2541 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Pecs, 7623 Pecs, Hungary. AD - National Laboratory on Human Reproduction, University of Pecs, 7623 Pecs, Hungary. AD - Cochrane Hungary, Medical School, University of Pecs, 7623 Pecs, Hungary. FAU - Olah, Ticia AU - Olah T AD - Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Pecs, 7623 Pecs, Hungary. FAU - Szabo, Noemi AU - Szabo N AD - Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Pecs, 7623 Pecs, Hungary. FAU - Herczeg, Robert AU - Herczeg R AD - Hungarian Centre of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Szentagothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, 7623 Pecs, Hungary. FAU - Gyenesei, Attila AU - Gyenesei A AD - Hungarian Centre of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Szentagothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, 7623 Pecs, Hungary. FAU - Vass, Reka Anna AU - Vass RA AD - National Laboratory on Human Reproduction, University of Pecs, 7623 Pecs, Hungary. AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, University of Pecs, 7623 Pecs, Hungary. FAU - Funke, Simone AU - Funke S AD - National Laboratory on Human Reproduction, University of Pecs, 7623 Pecs, Hungary. AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, University of Pecs, 7623 Pecs, Hungary. FAU - Ertl, Tibor AU - Ertl T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3650-7084 AD - National Laboratory on Human Reproduction, University of Pecs, 7623 Pecs, Hungary. AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, University of Pecs, 7623 Pecs, Hungary. FAU - Molnar, Denes AU - Molnar D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3675-7019 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Pecs, 7623 Pecs, Hungary. AD - National Laboratory on Human Reproduction, University of Pecs, 7623 Pecs, Hungary. AD - Molecular Medicine Research Group, Szentagothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, 7623 Pecs, Hungary. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260526 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 935E97BOY8 (Folic Acid) RN - N91BDP6H0X (Choline) RN - P6YC3EG204 (Vitamin B 12) RN - AE28F7PNPL (Methionine) RN - 3SCV180C9W (Betaine) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Fertilization in Vitro MH - Pregnancy MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Adult MH - Folic Acid/administration & dosage/blood MH - *Birth Weight MH - Choline/administration & dosage MH - Vitamin B 12/blood/administration & dosage MH - *Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena MH - *Dietary Supplements MH - Methionine/administration & dosage MH - Betaine/administration & dosage MH - Pregnancy Trimester, Third MH - Diet PMC - PMC13259345 OTO - NOTNLM OT - choline OT - folic acid OT - in vitro fertilization OT - methyl-group donor OT - newborn COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2026/06/12 06:38 MHDA- 2026/06/15 11:35 PMCR- 2026/05/26 CRDT- 2026/06/12 01:11 PHST- 2026/03/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/15 11:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/12 06:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/12 01:11 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18111693 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01693 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18111693 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 May 26;18(11):1693. doi: 10.3390/nu18111693. PMID- 42280306 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260612 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 11 DP - 2026 May 22 TI - GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Dual GIP/GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Children and Adolescents with Obesity: Clinical Outcomes and the Impact of Nutritional and Behavioral Co-Interventions-A Systematic Review. LID - 10.3390/nu18111662 [doi] LID - 1662 AB - Introduction: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), originally developed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D), are increasingly used for the management of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents. However, the impact of concomitant lifestyle interventions, which vary in scope, structure, and intensity, remains unclear. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, and ClinicalTrials.gov was conducted from April to December 2025 (last update: 12 December 2025), in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 statement. Randomized and observational studies including patients aged 6-19 years with overweight or obesity, with or without T2D, treated with GLP-1 RAs or dual GIP/GLP-1 agonists, were included. Anthropometric outcomes, metabolic parameters, and the scope and structure of concomitant nutritional and behavioral interventions were assessed. Results: Fifteen studies (12 interventional [RCT/non-RCT] and 3 observational), including 1448 participants, were analyzed: liraglutide (n = 6), exenatide (n = 5), semaglutide (n = 1), dulaglutide (n = 1), tirzepatide (n = 1), and lixisenatide (n = 1). Intervention duration ranged from 6 to 68 weeks. Reported BMI reductions varied across studies and pharmacological agents, with semaglutide trials reporting reductions of up to -16.1%. Lifestyle interventions were heterogeneously reported, ranging from general dietary advice to structured, multidisciplinary programs including nutritional counseling, physical activity, and behavioral or family support. Due to heterogeneity in study design and reporting, the independent contribution of lifestyle interventions could not be determined. Conclusions: Available evidence suggests that GLP-1 RAs may represent an effective therapeutic option for children and adolescents with obesity and metabolic disorders. However, available evidence is largely derived from studies incorporating inconsistently reported lifestyle interventions, limiting the ability to disentangle pharmacological and lifestyle effects. Standardized reporting and studies specifically designed to assess their independent and combined effects are needed. Future research should standardize the reporting of lifestyle protocols (e.g., using TIDieR), incorporate validated measures of eating behavior, food preferences, and dietary intake, and use designs (e.g., factorial or stratified randomization of lifestyle intensity) that allow for the pharmacological and behavioral contributions to be quantified separately. This review highlights a critical and previously underexplored methodological gap regarding the structure and reporting of lifestyle co-interventions in pediatric GLP-1 trials. FAU - Mysliwczyk, Dominika AU - Mysliwczyk D AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-2331-4106 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Diabetology and Endocrinology, Medical University of Gdansk, Marii Sklodowskiej-Curie 3a, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland. FAU - Gofron, Krzysztof Ksawery AU - Gofron KK AD - Student Scientific Circle at Department of Clinical Nutrition, Medical University of Gdansk, Marii Sklodowskiej-Curie 3a, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland. FAU - Wasilewski, Andrzej AU - Wasilewski A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9908-6921 AD - Student Scientific Association of Medical Chemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Marii Sklodowskiej-Curie 48/50, 59-369 Wroclaw, Poland. FAU - Mysliwiec, Malgorzata AU - Mysliwiec M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1533-8544 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Diabetology and Endocrinology, Medical University of Gdansk, Marii Sklodowskiej-Curie 3a, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland. FAU - Wasilewska, Eliza AU - Wasilewska E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5288-0586 AD - Department of Allergology, Medical University of Gdansk, Marii Sklodowskiej-Curie 3a, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20260522 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - WTT295HSY5 (dulaglutide) RN - 9P1872D4OL (Exenatide) RN - 59392-49-3 (Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide) RN - 0 (Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists) RN - 62340-29-8 (Glucagon-Like Peptides) RN - 839I73S42A (Liraglutide) RN - 74O62BB01U (lixisenatide) RN - 53AXN4NNHX (Semaglutide) RN - OYN3CCI6QE (Tirzepatide) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments) RN - 0 (Recombinant Fusion Proteins) RN - 89750-14-1 (Glucagon-Like Peptide 1) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - *Behavior Therapy MH - Exenatide/therapeutic use MH - *Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide/agonists MH - *Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists/therapeutic use MH - Glucagon-Like Peptides/analogs & derivatives/therapeutic use MH - Life Style MH - Liraglutide/therapeutic use MH - *Pediatric Obesity/therapy/drug therapy MH - Semaglutide/therapeutic use MH - Tirzepatide/therapeutic use MH - Treatment Outcome MH - Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments MH - Recombinant Fusion Proteins MH - Glucagon-Like Peptide 1/analogs & derivatives PMC - PMC13258732 OTO - NOTNLM OT - GLP-1 receptor agonists OT - adolescents OT - children OT - dulaglutide OT - exenatide OT - lifestyle intervention OT - liraglutide OT - nutritional counseling OT - pediatric obesity OT - semaglutide OT - systematic review OT - tirzepatide COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/12 06:39 MHDA- 2026/06/13 00:38 PMCR- 2026/05/22 CRDT- 2026/06/12 01:11 PHST- 2026/04/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/13 00:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/12 06:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/12 01:11 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18111662 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01662 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18111662 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 May 22;18(11):1662. doi: 10.3390/nu18111662. PMID- 42280305 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260613 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 11 DP - 2026 May 22 TI - Methodological Approaches to Assess Disordered Eating Behaviors Related to Gluten-Free Diet Management in Children and Adolescents with Celiac Disease: A Scoping Review. LID - 10.3390/nu18111661 [doi] LID - 1661 AB - Objective: This scoping review aimed to map the methodological approaches used to assess disordered eating attitudes and behaviors in children and adolescents with celiac disease (CD). Methods: This review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute scoping review methodology and the PRISMA-ScR guidelines, including studies of children and adolescents with CD that used methodological approaches to assess disordered eating attitudes and behaviors in the context of the gluten-free diet (GFD). No restrictions were applied regarding geography, language, or year. Searches were conducted across 10 electronic databases. Data were descriptively analyzed and presented in tables or diagrams, with a narrative synthesis aligned to the review objective. Results: Studies from 13 countries were included and classified as quantitative (n = 16; 51.6%), qualitative (n = 11; 35.5%), or mixed-methods (n = 4; 12.9%). A total of 34 instruments were used, but only one was specifically designed to evaluate eating attitudes and behaviors in children and adolescents with CD. Conclusions: Analysis of disordered eating in children and adolescents with CD remains methodologically heterogeneous and evolving. Quantitative studies predominate but often rely on non-specific instruments that blur the distinction between adaptive dietary vigilance and disordered eating. Qualitative and mixed-methods approaches highlight lived experiences and reveal measurement gaps despite their higher costs. Progress depends on developing specific instruments for this population that better capture the complexity of GFD management across development. FAU - Schwantes, Marina de Cesaro AU - Schwantes MC AD - Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Darcy Ribeiro University Campus, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil. FAU - Dusi, Rafaella AU - Dusi R AD - Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Darcy Ribeiro University Campus, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil. FAU - Uenishi, Rosa Harumi AU - Uenishi RH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2352-4355 AD - Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Darcy Ribeiro University Campus, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil. FAU - Ribeiro, Camila Dos Santos AU - Ribeiro CDS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2770-1603 AD - Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Darcy Ribeiro University Campus, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil. FAU - Zandonadi, Renata Puppin AU - Zandonadi RP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0370-3089 AD - Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Darcy Ribeiro University Campus, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil. LA - eng GR - 00193-00000325/2026-83/Foundation for Research Support of the Federal District/ PT - Journal Article PT - Scoping Review DEP - 20260522 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Diet, Gluten-Free/psychology MH - *Celiac Disease/diet therapy/psychology MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - *Feeding and Eating Disorders/diagnosis/psychology/etiology MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - Female MH - Male MH - Adolescent Behavior MH - Child Behavior PMC - PMC13258312 OTO - NOTNLM OT - behavioral nutrition OT - disordered eating OT - gluten-free diet OT - psychometrics COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/12 06:38 MHDA- 2026/06/13 06:38 PMCR- 2026/05/22 CRDT- 2026/06/12 01:11 PHST- 2026/04/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/13 06:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/12 06:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/12 01:11 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18111661 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01661 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18111661 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 May 22;18(11):1661. doi: 10.3390/nu18111661. PMID- 42279021 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260612 LR - 20260813 IS - 2077-0383 (Print) IS - 2077-0383 (Electronic) IS - 2077-0383 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 11 DP - 2026 May 28 TI - The ALT/AST Ratio as a Predictor of MASLD in Obese Children: A Comparative Analysis with Metabolic Indices Including HOMA-IR and TyG. LID - 10.3390/jcm15114160 [doi] LID - 4160 AB - Background/Objectives: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is getting more prevalent in children with obesity, and simple and non-invasive biomarkers are needed for early detection. In this study, the discriminative performance of the ALT/AST ratio (AT index) for MASLD was evaluated in comparison with metabolic indices such as HOMA-IR and TyG derivatives. Methods: A total of 410 children with obesity aged 5-18 years were included in this prospective, multicenter cross-sectional study. Anthropometric measurements, laboratory data, and abdominal ultrasonography findings of the participants were evaluated. MASLD was diagnosed based on ultrasonographic findings. The discriminative performance of the indices was evaluated using ROC analysis, and factors independently associated with MASLD were assessed using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: BMI SDS, ALT, AT index, insulin, HOMA-IR, and TyG/ALT values were found to be significantly higher in the MASLD (+) group (p < 0.05). The AT index demonstrated statistically significant but modest discriminative ability for MASLD (AUC = 0.621; p < 0.001) and showed 70.5% sensitivity and 50.7% specificity at a cutoff value of >0.88. In the multivariate analysis, the AT index (OR: 3.401; 95% CI: 1.717-6.735; p < 0.001) and BMI SDS were identified as factors independently associated with MASLD.HOMA-IR and prolactin-related indices were not found to be significant as independent predictors. Conclusions: The ALT/AST ratio is a simple and accessible biomarker associated with MASLD in children with obesity. Although its discriminative performance is modest, its association with hepatic involvement and metabolic dysfunction suggests that it may provide supportive exploratory information in the evaluation of MASLD. However, further validation studies are required before broader clinical application. FAU - Kabukcu, Hilmi Onur AU - Kabukcu HO AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6869-9397 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Private Kastamonu Anatolia Hospital, 37200 Kastamonu, Turkey. FAU - Hazer, Ilhan AU - Hazer I AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Kutahya Health Sciences University, 43100 Kutahya, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260528 PL - Switzerland TA - J Clin Med JT - Journal of clinical medicine JID - 101606588 PMC - PMC13257721 OTO - NOTNLM OT - AT index OT - MASLD OT - non-invasive biomarker COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/12 06:38 MHDA- 2026/06/12 06:39 PMCR- 2026/05/28 CRDT- 2026/06/12 01:06 PHST- 2026/05/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/12 06:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/12 06:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/12 01:06 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jcm15114160 [pii] AID - jcm-15-04160 [pii] AID - 10.3390/jcm15114160 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Clin Med. 2026 May 28;15(11):4160. doi: 10.3390/jcm15114160. PMID- 42278890 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260612 LR - 20260813 IS - 2077-0383 (Print) IS - 2077-0383 (Electronic) IS - 2077-0383 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 11 DP - 2026 May 22 TI - Cardiovascular Risk and Modifiable Risk Factors in Shift-Working Healthcare Workers: A Gender-Stratified Cross-Sectional Study. LID - 10.3390/jcm15114028 [doi] LID - 4028 AB - Background: Shift-working healthcare workers (HCWs) are at elevated cardiovascular (CV) risk due to chronic circadian disruption; however, gender-stratified data on CV risk profiles and modifiable risk factor distribution by occupational exposure duration remain scarce in the Italian hospital setting. This cross-sectional study aimed to characterise the 10-year CV risk profile and the distribution of modifiable risk factors in a hospital-based sample of shift-working HCWs. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted using data from routine occupational health surveillance of shift-working HCWs at a large Italian hospital in Salento, Southern Italy (survey year: 2025). The 10-year CV risk was estimated using the CUORE Project algorithm, validated for the Italian population. Risk was stratified by gender, age group, and shift work duration. Multivariable logistic regression models, adjusted for age, marital status, and presence of children at home, evaluated associations between selected risk factors and CV risk category. The study was reported in accordance with STROBE guidelines. Results: Of 765 HCWs included (320 males, 445 females; mean age 49.3 +/- 8.5 years), male workers showed a significantly higher mean 10-year CV risk score (4.98 +/- 2.8 vs. 1.34 +/- 0.9; p < 0.05). Among male workers, the odds of moderate/high CV risk increased progressively with shift work duration (aOR 6.4 for >30 years). Males also showed significantly higher prevalence of arterial hypertension, overweight, and obesity across all strata. Conclusions: Male shift-working HCWs represent a higher-risk subgroup, characterised by a greater burden of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors. Integration of validated risk assessment tools into occupational health surveillance may support targeted preventive strategies in hospital settings. FAU - d'Ettorre, Gabriele AU - d'Ettorre G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8714-1612 AD - Department of Occupational Medicine, Local Health Authority of Lecce, 73100 Lecce, Italy. FAU - Giannelli, Gianmarco AU - Giannelli G AD - Department of Occupational Medicine, Local Health Authority of Lecce, 73100 Lecce, Italy. FAU - Branda, Francesco AU - Branda F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9485-3877 AD - Unit of Medical Statistics and Molecular Epidemiology, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy. FAU - Loiacono, Giuseppe AU - Loiacono G AD - Department of Occupational Medicine, Local Health Authority of Lecce, 73100 Lecce, Italy. FAU - Calcagnile, Gianluigi AU - Calcagnile G AD - Department of Occupational Medicine, Local Health Authority of Lecce, 73100 Lecce, Italy. FAU - Centonze, Anna A AU - Centonze AA AD - Department of Occupational Medicine, Local Health Authority of Lecce, 73100 Lecce, Italy. FAU - Faggiano, Danilo AU - Faggiano D AD - Department of Occupational Medicine, Local Health Authority of Lecce, 73100 Lecce, Italy. FAU - d'Ettorre, Gabriella AU - d'Ettorre G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3571-5677 AD - Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy. FAU - Ceccarelli, Giancarlo AU - Ceccarelli G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5921-3180 AD - Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260522 PL - Switzerland TA - J Clin Med JT - Journal of clinical medicine JID - 101606588 PMC - PMC13258224 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Italy OT - cardiovascular risk OT - cross-sectional study OT - healthcare workers OT - shift work COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/12 06:39 MHDA- 2026/06/12 06:40 PMCR- 2026/05/22 CRDT- 2026/06/12 01:06 PHST- 2026/04/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/12 06:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/12 06:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/12 01:06 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jcm15114028 [pii] AID - jcm-15-04028 [pii] AID - 10.3390/jcm15114028 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Clin Med. 2026 May 22;15(11):4028. doi: 10.3390/jcm15114028. PMID- 42278755 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260612 LR - 20260813 IS - 2227-9032 (Print) IS - 2227-9032 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9032 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 11 DP - 2026 May 28 TI - Iterative Adaptations in a Physical Activity Program for Children with Autism: A Feasibility and Implementation Study. LID - 10.3390/healthcare14111502 [doi] LID - 1502 AB - Background: Children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are generally more sedentary and engage less in physical activity (PA) than their peers. Despite increasing evidence of benefits, practical guidance on implementing adapted PA programs in real-world settings remains limited. This study aimed to document iterative adaptations, implementation processes, and participant experiences in a structured PA intervention for children with ASD. Methods: Nineteen children aged 10-14 years with ASD participated in an adapted PA intervention delivered across three cohorts. The program was progressively modified based on observed barriers and participant feedback. Post-intervention conversations with participants and/or parents were used to assess feasibility and experiences. Results: Most participants trained on-site in small groups and were predominantly boys, many with comorbid ADHD/ADD. Baseline engagement in organized PA was low. Adaptations included adjustments to session structure, group size, instructor-to-participant ratio, and activity content to enhance predictability and autonomy. Individual tailoring and flexible delivery were essential to accommodate neurodevelopmental diversity and fluctuating motivation. Post-intervention feedback suggested generally positive acceptability, while findings should be interpreted descriptively. Conclusions: This study provides preliminary, practice-based insights into how structured PA programs may be iteratively adapted for children with ASD in a supportive clinical context. The findings highlight practical considerations for implementing adapted PA in clinical and community settings. FAU - Richter, Miriam AU - Richter M AD - Division of Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden. AD - Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden. AD - Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Medical Imaging and Physiology, Skane University Hospital, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden. FAU - Taylor, Marie K AU - Taylor MK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9391-1070 AD - Division of Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden. AD - Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Medical Imaging and Physiology, Skane University Hospital, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden. AD - Epilepsy Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden. FAU - Lindstedt, Teresa AU - Lindstedt T AD - Division of Pediatrics, Skane University Hospital, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden. FAU - Lundkvist Josenby, Annika AU - Lundkvist Josenby A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9694-9349 AD - Division of Pediatrics, Skane University Hospital, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden. AD - Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden. FAU - Rask, Olof AU - Rask O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0565-3812 AD - Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden. FAU - Ekdahl, Christine T AU - Ekdahl CT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1894-1955 AD - Division of Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden. AD - Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Medical Imaging and Physiology, Skane University Hospital, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden. AD - Epilepsy Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden. LA - eng GR - Tore Nilsson Stiftelse for Medicinsk forskning/ GR - RSID 130567/Swedish medical ALF grant/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260528 PL - Switzerland TA - Healthcare (Basel) JT - Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101666525 PMC - PMC13256154 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adapted physical activity OT - autism spectrum disorder OT - feasibility study OT - implementation OT - physical activity COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/12 06:38 MHDA- 2026/06/12 06:39 PMCR- 2026/05/28 CRDT- 2026/06/12 01:05 PHST- 2026/04/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/12 06:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/12 06:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/12 01:05 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - healthcare14111502 [pii] AID - healthcare-14-01502 [pii] AID - 10.3390/healthcare14111502 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Healthcare (Basel). 2026 May 28;14(11):1502. doi: 10.3390/healthcare14111502. PMID- 42277916 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260818 LR - 20260819 IS - 2055-5784 (Print) IS - 2055-5784 (Electronic) IS - 2055-5784 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 11 TI - Protocol for the Southeast Asian Healthy Habits, Healthy Kids (SEAHK) study, a culturally tailored family-based pilot randomized controlled trial to improve dietary quality. LID - 10.1186/s40814-026-01863-1 [doi] LID - 118 AB - BACKGROUND: Southeast Asian (SEA) children are burdened by high rates of diet-related chronic conditions and diseases. These burdens partly result from socioeconomic disadvantages and refugee migration trajectories. Yet, to our knowledge, no dietary interventions exist for this population. This protocol paper describes the rationale, study design, intervention and study evaluation for the SEA Healthy Habits, Healthy Kids Study. METHODS: The study enrollment goal was 75 parent-child dyads recruited in Providence, Rhode Island, in the United States. A SEA parent/guardian and one of their 6-to-11-year-old children were randomized to (1) a monthly financial incentive only group; (2) an enhanced financial incentive group that receives additional interventions including family-based group nutrition education, three motivational interviewing (MI) phone calls, and weekly text messages on healthy eating norms and other nutrition topics; or (3) a structurally equivalent attention-matched control group. The primary study goals were to assess feasibility and acceptability, conduct process evaluation to determine implementation fidelity and intervention dose, and determine preliminary efficacy. Feasibility was assessed based on attendance (primary) and secondary measures, recruitment, enrollment, intervention dose, and retention at 6 months. Acceptability was measured using satisfaction questionnaires on study favorability. Preliminary efficacy (i.e., comparing changes in children's diet quality (Healthy Eating Index and dermal carotenoids)) will be determined via longitudinal mixed effects models. Regression models will investigate the relationship between dose, implementation measures and study outcomes. RESULTS: This intervention received Institutional Review Board approval on February 16, 2023. We conducted intervention development from July 2022 to August 2022 with 62 SEA parents and children. For the intervention, we began participant recruitment in April 2023, which concluded January 2025. DISCUSSION: This study will demonstrate whether a culturally tailored healthy eating intervention for SEA families is feasible and acceptable and whether it leads to changes on key efficacy indicators. The intervention is informed by theories and frameworks relevant for the population and utilizes a family-centered approach. If this innovative pilot intervention achieves the study objectives, then we will refine it and pursue a larger randomized control trial. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under registration number NCT05817838. The trial was registered on April 17, 2023. The trial registry record is available at https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05817838 . CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Dulin, Akilah AU - Dulin A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0769-1014 AD - Department of Social, Behavioral and Population Sciences, Tulane University, Celia Scott Weatherhead School of Public Health, 1400 Canal St, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA. adulin@tulane.edu. FAU - Tovar, Alison AU - Tovar A AD - Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, 02903, USA. FAU - Dunsiger, Shira AU - Dunsiger S AD - Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, 02903, USA. AD - Department of Biostatistics, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, 02903, USA. FAU - Carey, Kate B AU - Carey KB AD - Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, 02903, USA. FAU - Gans, Kim M AU - Gans KM AD - Department of Biostatistics, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, 02903, USA. AD - Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT05817838 GR - R01 DK128197/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - 5R01DK128197/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - 5R01DK128197/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260611 PL - England TA - Pilot Feasibility Stud JT - Pilot and feasibility studies JID - 101676536 PMC - PMC13479714 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Diet OT - Family OT - Intervention study OT - Southeast Asian people OT - Type 2 diabetes COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate : This study received approval from the Brown University Institutional Review Board (protocol 2022003499). All adult participants provided informed consent (verbal or written) and children provided assent to participate. Consent for publication: This is included as part of the participant consent and assent forms. Competing interests : The authors declare that they do not have any financial competing interests in the study. Author AD is a long-time board member of the community partner organization where the study is occurring, and has provided continuous, in-kind support for the past 12 years. EDAT- 2026/06/12 06:39 MHDA- 2026/06/12 06:40 PMCR- 2026/06/11 CRDT- 2026/06/12 00:57 PHST- 2025/01/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/12 06:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/12 06:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/12 00:57 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s40814-026-01863-1 [pii] AID - 1863 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s40814-026-01863-1 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Pilot Feasibility Stud. 2026 Jun 11;12(1):118. doi: 10.1186/s40814-026-01863-1. PMID- 42277719 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260819 LR - 20260909 IS - 1471-2334 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2334 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 11 TI - Machine learning-based prediction of bronchiolitis in children under two years: a multicenter study within a single metropolitan area. LID - 10.1186/s12879-026-13802-9 [doi] LID - 1516 AB - BACKGROUND: Bronchiolitis is a leading cause of hospitalization in infants, yet early and accurate risk prediction remains a clinical challenge. Traditional models often lack the complexity to capture nonlinear interactions or the transparency required for clinical trust. OBJECTIVE: This multicenter study aimed to develop, validate, and interpret machine learning (ML) models for predicting bronchiolitis risk in children under two years of age using clinical and socioeconomic determinants. METHODS: In this retrospective study, data from 1,260 children (529 with bronchiolitis and 731 without) were collected at 5 pediatric centers within a single metropolitan area, from January 2023 through December 2024. Seventeen predictors were analyzed. After rigorous preprocessing and K-NN imputation, eight ML algorithms, including four base learners and four ensemble methods, were developed. Model performance was evaluated using AUC and metrics derived from confusion matrices. Clinical utility was assessed via Decision Curve Analysis (DCA) and calibration plots. Explainable AI (XAI) was implemented using Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) to interpret model decisions. RESULTS: XGBoost achieved an AUC of 0.863 [0.828-0.897] in the test set, demonstrating higher predictive performance than base learners such as NB (AUC: 0.583 [0.529-0.638]). DCA and calibration plots confirmed that XGBoost provides superior net benefit and calibration performance across a range of threshold probabilities. SHAP analysis identified overcrowding, severe acute malnutrition, and maternal smoking as the most influential predictors, highlighting the critical role of socioeconomic and environmental factors in disease susceptibility. CONCLUSION: The integration of XGBoost with SHAP values provides a robust, transparent, and clinically actionable framework for early prediction of bronchiolitis based on variables available at initial clinical presentation. By identifying high-risk infants through interpretable AI, this model supports early triage and optimized resource allocation, fostering the transition toward precision pediatric medicine. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Nopour, Raoof AU - Nopour R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3770-2375 AD - Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran. nopour.r70@gmail.com. FAU - Barzegari, Saeed AU - Barzegari S AD - Department of Paramedicine, Amol School of Paramedical Sciences, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. FAU - Shanbehzadeh, Mostafa AU - Shanbehzadeh M AD - Department of Health Information Technology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran. FAU - Mahmoudvand, Zahra AU - Mahmoudvand Z AD - Department of Health Information Technology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study DEP - 20260611 PL - England TA - BMC Infect Dis JT - BMC infectious diseases JID - 100968551 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Bronchiolitis/diagnosis/epidemiology MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Infant MH - *Machine Learning MH - Predictive Learning Models MH - Female MH - Boosting Machine Learning Algorithms MH - Male MH - Prediction Algorithms MH - Classification Algorithms MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Hospitalization MH - Algorithms PMC - PMC13483499 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bronchiolitis OT - Explainable AI OT - Machine learning OT - Pediatric triage OT - SHAP OT - Socioeconomic determinants OT - XGBoost COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the ethics committee of the Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences (IR.MAZUMS.REC.1405.023). Ethical approval was obtained from the investigators' affiliated institution (Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences), although data collection was conducted at collaborating pediatric centers in Tehran. All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. Informed consent was obtained from all subjects and/or their legal guardian(s). Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/12 06:39 MHDA- 2026/08/19 14:49 PMCR- 2026/06/11 CRDT- 2026/06/12 00:47 PHST- 2026/04/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/19 14:49 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/12 06:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/12 00:47 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12879-026-13802-9 [pii] AID - 13802 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12879-026-13802-9 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Infect Dis. 2026 Jun 11;26(1):1516. doi: 10.1186/s12879-026-13802-9. PMID- 42276035 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260613 LR - 20260623 IS - 1665-1146 (Electronic) IS - 0539-6115 (Linking) VI - 83 IP - Supl 2 DP - 2026 TI - Diagnostic criteria for growth disorders requiring growth hormone therapy: updated consensus from the Sociedad Mexicana de Endocrinologia Pediatrica. PG - 1-22 LID - 10.24875/BMHIM.26000033 [doi] AB - En los ultimos anos, tanto el conocimiento de los trastornos del crecimiento como el enfoque de las directrices para el uso de la hormona de crecimiento humana recombinante (HChr) han evolucionado de manera significativa. El abordaje diagnostico de estos trastornos requiere una evaluacion fisica exhaustiva y sistematica, cuyos hallazgos deben integrarse con los de estudios paraclinicos y geneticos, cuando esten indicados. Esto permitira lograr un diagnostico preciso e identificar aquellas condiciones que pueden beneficiarse del uso de HChr. El presente documento es el resultado del trabajo realizado por el Grupo de Interes sobre Crecimiento, asi como otros miembros de la Sociedad Mexicana de Endocrinologia Pediatrica, con el objetivo principal de senalar los criterios clinicos y paraclinicos de distintas entidades en las que puede estar indicado el uso de HChr. In recent years, both the understanding of growth disorders and the clinical guidelines concerning recombinant human growth hormone (hrGH) therapy have evolved considerably. The diagnostic evaluation of these disorders requires a comprehensive and systematic physical examination, the findings of which should be integrated with relevant paraclinical and genetic investigations when indicated. Such an integrated diagnostic approach enables greater accuracy in establishing the underlying etiology and in identifying those conditions that are most likely to benefit from hrGH therapy. This document represents the collective work of the Growth Interest Group, together with other members of the Mexican Society of Pediatric Endocrinology. Its primary objective is to delineate and standardize the clinical and paraclinical criteria for a spectrum of growth-related conditions in which hrGH therapy may be considered appropriate. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Permanyer. FAU - Medina-Bravo, Patricia G AU - Medina-Bravo PG AD - Departamento de Endocrinologia, Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gomez, Ciudad de Mexico. FAU - Hill-de Titto, Ana C AU - Hill-de Titto AC AD - Practica privada, Miembro Titular de la Sociedad Mexicana de Endocrinologia Pediatrica, Ciudad de Mexico. FAU - Miranda-Lora, America L AU - Miranda-Lora AL AD - Unidad de Investigacion Epidemiologica en Endocrinologia y Nutricion, Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gomez, Ciudad de Mexico. FAU - Martinez-Ramos-Mendez, Angelica AU - Martinez-Ramos-Mendez A AD - Departamento de Endocrinologia, Area de Pediatria, Hospital Espanol, Ciudad de Mexico. FAU - Alcala-Fernandez, Giselle AU - Alcala-Fernandez G AD - Endocrinologia Pediatrica, Torreon, Coah. FAU - Dominguez-Carrillo, M de la Luz AU - Dominguez-Carrillo ML AD - Departamento de Endocrinologia Pediatrica, Hospital de Alta Especialidad No. 48, Leon, Gto. FAU - Davila-Sotelo, Elisa L AU - Davila-Sotelo EL AD - Departamento de Pediatria, Hospital regional del Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado, Monterrey, N.L. FAU - Lopez-Rivera, Luis A AU - Lopez-Rivera LA AD - Subdireccion del Hospital Naval de Especialidades, Veracruz, Ver. FAU - Paredes-Flores, Reyna A AU - Paredes-Flores RA AD - Departamento de Endocrinologia Pediatrica, Sanatorio Angeles de Tehuacan, Tehuacan, Pue. FAU - Medina-Aguilar, Mercedes B AU - Medina-Aguilar MB AD - Departamento de Endocrinologia Pediatrica, Hospital Christus Muguerza, Faro del Mayab, Merida, Yuc. FAU - Valenzuela-Montoya, Julio C AU - Valenzuela-Montoya JC AD - Endocrinologia Pediatrica, Practica privada, Mexicali, B.C. FAU - Avena-Portillo, Lilia T AU - Avena-Portillo LT AD - Departamento de Endocrinologia Pediatrica, Hospital Infantil de Especialidades del Estado de Chihuahua, Chih. FAU - Calzada-Leon, Raul AU - Calzada-Leon R AD - Servicio de Endocrinologia, Instituto Nacional de Pediatria, Ciudad de Mexico. FAU - Barrientos-Perez, Margarita AU - Barrientos-Perez M AD - Departamento de Endocrinologia, Hospital Angeles Puebla, Pue. FAU - Rivera-Hernandez, Aleida AU - Rivera-Hernandez A AD - Jefatura del Departamento de Endocrinologia Pediatrica, Hospital de Pediatria, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Ciudad de Mexico. FAU - Cuevas-Martinez, Lidia AU - Cuevas-Martinez L AD - Departamento de Endocrinologia Pediatrica, Hospital General Regional No. 270, IMSS, Reynosa, Tamps. FAU - Marrodan-Garcia, Hanna G AU - Marrodan-Garcia HG AD - Departamento de Endocrinologia, Hospital Angeles Puebla, Pue. FAU - Gloria-Quintero, M Esther AU - Gloria-Quintero ME AD - Departamento de Endocrinologia Pediatrica, Hospital General Regional No. 251, IMSS, Metepec, Edo. de Mexico. FAU - Valverde-Ocana, Concepcion AU - Valverde-Ocana C AD - Departamento de Endocrinologia Pediatrica, Hospital Angeles Health System, San Luis Potosi, S.L.P. AD - Departamento de Endocrinologia Pediatrica, Hospital general de Zona No. 1 Licenciado Ignacio Telles, IMSS, San Luis Potosi, S. L. P. FAU - Hernandez-Almaguer, Maria D AU - Hernandez-Almaguer MD AD - Medico Genetista, Pediatrics Mexicali y/o Facultad de Medicina UABC, Mexicali, B.C. FAU - Garibay-Nieto, Nayely AU - Garibay-Nieto N AD - Unidad de Bienestar Infantil, Servicio de Pediatria, Hospital General de Mexico Dr. Eduardo Liceaga, Ciudad de Mexico. FAU - Aguirre-Gomez, Berenice AU - Aguirre-Gomez B AD - Hospital Angeles, Clinica Londres y San Angel Inn, Ciudad de Mexico. FAU - Dorantes-Alvarez, Luis M AU - Dorantes-Alvarez LM AD - Endocrinologo Pediatra, Practica Privada, Ciudad de Mexico. FAU - Ruiz-Reyes, Ma de la Luz AU - Ruiz-Reyes ML AD - Servicio de Endocrinologia, Instituto Nacional de Pediatria, Ciudad de Mexico. FAU - Rivero-Escalante, Hector R AU - Rivero-Escalante HR AD - Departamento de Endocrinologia Pediatrica, Centro de Endocrinologia y Nutricion, Cancun, Q. Roo. Mexico. LA - eng PT - Consensus Statement PT - Journal Article TT - Criterios diagnosticos de los trastornos del crecimiento que requieren uso de hormona de crecimiento: consenso actualizado de la Sociedad Mexicana de Endocrinologia Pediatrica. PL - Mexico TA - Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex JT - Boletin medico del Hospital Infantil de Mexico JID - 0414106 RN - 12629-01-5 (Human Growth Hormone) RN - 0 (Recombinant Proteins) SB - IM MH - Child MH - Humans MH - *Growth Disorders/diagnosis/drug therapy MH - *Human Growth Hormone/therapeutic use/administration & dosage MH - Mexico MH - Recombinant Proteins/therapeutic use/administration & dosage MH - Practice Guidelines as Topic OTO - NOTNLM OT - Growth disorders OT - Growth hormone OT - Hormona de crecimiento OT - Mexico OT - Mexico OT - Trastornos de crecimiento EDAT- 2026/06/12 00:38 MHDA- 2026/06/15 11:34 CRDT- 2026/06/11 18:22 PHST- 2026/06/15 11:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/12 00:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/11 18:22 [entrez] AID - j83/3/1 [pii] AID - 10.24875/BMHIM.26000033 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex. 2026;83(Supl 2):1-22. doi: 10.24875/BMHIM.26000033. PMID- 42275809 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260901 LR - 20260901 IS - 1873-4898 (Electronic) IS - 1477-5131 (Linking) VI - 22 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Quality of life and gender identity in females with congenital adrenal hyperplasia after genital restoration surgery: A single-center experience. PG - 106051 LID - S1477-5131(26)00330-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jpurol.2026.106051 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Legislation restricting surgical interventions in children with differences of sex development (DSD) has intensified debate about female genital restoration surgery (FGRS) in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). Long-term patient-reported outcomes are needed regarding the optimal timing of surgery. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to assess health-related quality of life (HRQoL), gender identity, and family satisfaction regarding surgical timing and outcome in females with CAH following genital restoration surgery. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey of CAH patients who underwent surgery between January 2007 to December 2016 at our institution. Validated instruments (KINDL questionnaire for HRQoL, Utrecht Gender Dysphoria Scale, UGDS) and structured telephone interviews were employed. RESULTS: Data on HRQoL was available for 25 patients (self- and/or parent-reported) out of 56 eligible patients (45% response rate). Median age at first surgery was 6 months (range: 3-137 months). Patients' age at time of participation ranged from 2 to 28 years. All had 21-hydroxylase deficiency (92% salt-wasting form) with Prader grades ranging from II-V. Wound dehiscence requiring secondary suturing occurred in 15% of patients with primary surgery at our center, while only one (4%) patient developed vaginal stenosis after early primary vaginoplasty. Two additional patients (8%) with prior outside surgery required vaginal revision after FGRS at age 12. HRQoL scores were comparable to healthy reference populations across most age groups. Children aged 3-6 and adolescents and young adults showed no significant difference from reference values, while children aged 7-13 showed a slight elevation. None of five patients >/=14 years demonstrated gender dysphoria (all UGDS scores <40, threshold >/=40). 14 patients and families were also interviewed by telephone. All preferred early surgical timing. No family expressed regret about the decision or preferred delayed surgery. DISCUSSION: This study provides validated intermediate-term patient- and parent-reported outcomes after FGRS in CAH. Key limitations include the small sample size, single-center design, and young age of most patients. Selection bias may exist, though participating families included those who underwent revision surgery. The absence of a non-operated comparison group reflects current clinical reality, as nearly all CAH patients with urogenital sinus underwent surgical correction. CONCLUSIONS: Females with CAH reported normal HRQoL and a comfortable female gender identity after early FGRS. The patients and their families expressed a preference for early surgery. However, there is need for longer-term follow-up to assess sexual function and reproductive outcomes as well comparison of outcomes with a non-operated group. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Heidtmann, Friederike AU - Heidtmann F AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany. Electronic address: friederike.heidtmann@med.uni-jena.de. FAU - Umbreit, Saskia AU - Umbreit S AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany. Electronic address: saskia.umbreit@live.de. FAU - Eckoldt, Felicitas AU - Eckoldt F AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany. Electronic address: felicitas.eckoldt@med.uni-jena.de. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260530 PL - England TA - J Pediatr Urol JT - Journal of pediatric urology JID - 101233150 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital/surgery/psychology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Child MH - *Quality of Life MH - Adolescent MH - Child, Preschool MH - Adult MH - *Gender Identity MH - Young Adult MH - Infant MH - *Genitalia, Female/surgery MH - Gender Dysphoria MH - Treatment Outcome MH - *Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods MH - Retrospective Studies OTO - NOTNLM OT - Congenital adrenal hyperplasia OT - Female genital restoration surgery OT - Gender dysphoria OT - Patient reported outcomes OT - Quality of life OT - Urogenital sinus COIS- Conflict of interest statement None. EDAT- 2026/06/12 00:37 MHDA- 2026/09/01 05:41 CRDT- 2026/06/11 18:04 PHST- 2026/01/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/01 05:41 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/12 00:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/11 18:04 [entrez] AID - S1477-5131(26)00330-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jpurol.2026.106051 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Pediatr Urol. 2026 Oct;22(5):106051. doi: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2026.106051. Epub 2026 May 30. PMID- 42275010 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260611 IS - 2168-3824 (Electronic) IS - 0270-1367 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jun 11 TI - Examining Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander Youth Attitudes Toward Physical Activity and Physical Education. PG - 1-8 LID - 10.1080/02701367.2026.2676647 [doi] AB - Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander (NHPI) populations experience persistent disparities in physical activity (PA) and chronic disease, however, little is known about NHPI youths affective orientations toward PA and physical education (PE). The purpose of this study was to examine NHPI youths' attitudes toward PA and PE and their associations with intentions and behavior. Participants included 1,163 students in grades 4-12 from 11 schools (5 elementary, 6 secondary) across 2 islands in Hawai'i, with 57% identifying as NHPI. Students completed validated measures of PA attitudes, PE attitudes, PA intention, and self-reported PA. No differences emerged between NHPI and non-NHPI students across attitudes, intentions, or PA behavior. Within NHPI youth, positive PA attitudes were significantly associated with both PA intention and behavior, whereas PE attitudes were not. Findings challenge deficit-based assumptions that NHPI youth possess negative orientations toward PA. Instead, NHPI youth demonstrate positive PA attitudes that appear to operate independently of school-based PE experiences. This study contributes to the literature by highlighting the importance of distinguishing PA and PE attitudes within TPB-informed research and by underscoring the need for culturally responsive approaches that sustain positive PA dispositions across development. FAU - Hafoka, Crystal K AU - Hafoka CK AD - University of Hawai'i at Manoa. FAU - Centeio, Erin E AU - Centeio EE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5465-4243 AD - University of Hawai'i at Manoa. FAU - Simonton, Kelly L AU - Simonton KL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7261-2047 AD - University of Wyoming. FAU - Serna, A Ku'ulei AU - Serna AK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9991-3544 AD - University of Hawai'i at Manoa. FAU - Mercier, Kevin J AU - Mercier KJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3505-2495 AD - Adelphi University. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260611 PL - United States TA - Res Q Exerc Sport JT - Research quarterly for exercise and sport JID - 8006373 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Attitudes OT - Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander Youth OT - culture OT - physical activity EDAT- 2026/06/11 12:38 MHDA- 2026/06/11 12:38 CRDT- 2026/06/11 11:33 PHST- 2026/06/11 12:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/11 12:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/11 11:33 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/02701367.2026.2676647 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Res Q Exerc Sport. 2026 Jun 11:1-8. doi: 10.1080/02701367.2026.2676647. PMID- 42274851 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260612 LR - 20261010 IS - 1432-1076 (Electronic) IS - 0340-6199 (Linking) VI - 185 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jun 11 TI - Incidence and associated factors of metachronous contralateral cryptorchidism after unilateral cryptorchidism: a retrospective cohort study. LID - 486 [pii] LID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07154-4 [doi] AB - Acquired cryptorchidism is an increasingly recognized condition and may present bilaterally with a metachronous pattern. The objective of this study was to evaluate the incidence of acquired contralateral metachronous cryptorchidism and to identify associated factors in patients undergoing surgery for unilateral cryptorchidism. This retrospective cohort descriptive study included patients who underwent surgery for unilateral cryptorchidism in the Paediatric Surgery departments of Consorci Sanitari Alt Penedes-Garraf and Hospital Universitari Mutua Terrassa between 2005 and 2024. Demographic data, characteristics of cryptorchidism, and intraoperative findings from the initial surgery were recorded. A history of prematurity and obesity were also collected. A total of 275 patients were included. Contralateral acquired cryptorchidism developed in 11 of 111 patients with congenital cryptorchidism (9.9%; 95% CI 5.1%-17%) and in 29 of 164 patients with acquired cryptorchidism (17.7%; 95% CI 12.2%-24.4%). Multivariate analysis identified the following associated factors for metachronous contralateral cryptorchidism: acquired cryptorchidism at initial presentation (aOR = 4.00, 95% CI 1.60-9.99; p = 0.003), persistence of the processus vaginalis on the initially operated side (aOR = 5.94, 95% CI 2.44-14.48; p < 0.001) and prematurity (aOR = 6.38, 95% CI 1.75-23.25; p = 0.005). CONCLUSION: The overall incidence of metachronous cryptorchidism in patients with unilateral disease was 15%. A higher incidence was observed among patients with acquired cryptorchidism than among those with congenital cryptorchidism, although this difference did not reach statistical significance. These findings suggest that periodic follow-up until adolescence may be warranted in patients with unilateral cryptorchidism, particularly in those with acquired forms. Patients with congenital cryptorchidism require periodic follow-up until adolescence, while those with acquired unilateral cryptorchidism should be carefully monitored before surgery to detect bilateral involvement and allow simultaneous treatment. WHAT IS KNOWN: * Cryptorchidism affects 1-4% of full-term newborns, with long-term consequences for fertility and testicular cancer risk. Acquired cryptorchidism, the ascent of a previously descended testis, accounts for more than half of all cases. * The risk factors for metachronous contralateral cryptorchidism after unilateral disease remain poorly characterized, and no consensus exists on the appropriate follow-up strategy for these patients. WHAT IS NEW: * Metachronous contralateral cryptorchidism occurred in 15% of patients. The incidence was higher in patients with acquired cryptorchidism than in those with congenital cryptorchidism althouh the difference was not statistically significant. Persistence of the processus vaginalis at the time of surgery on the first side, and prematurity were other associated factors. * Prospective studies are needed to validate these associated factors and to determine whether active observation before surgery enables earlier detection of bilateral disease and synchronous orchidopexy. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Grande-Moreillo, C AU - Grande-Moreillo C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8243-777X AD - Paediatric Surgery Unit Consorci Sanitari Alt Penedes I Garraf, Ronda de Sant Camil S/N. 08810, Sant Pere de Ribes, Spain. cgrande@csapg.cat. AD - Department of Paediatric Surgery Hospital, Universitari Mutua Terrassa, Placa Doctor Robert, 5. 08221, Terrassa, Spain. cgrande@csapg.cat. FAU - Perez-Lopez, C AU - Perez-Lopez C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7400-4360 AD - Research Area, Consorci Sanitari Alt Penedes I Garraf, Ronda de Sant Camil S/N. 08810, Sant Pere de Ribes, Spain. FAU - Vicente-Sanchez, N AU - Vicente-Sanchez N AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-7878-6918 AD - Department of Paediatric Surgery Hospital, Universitari Mutua Terrassa, Placa Doctor Robert, 5. 08221, Terrassa, Spain. FAU - Fuentes-Carretero, S AU - Fuentes-Carretero S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0285-681X AD - Department of Paediatric Surgery Hospital, Universitari Mutua Terrassa, Placa Doctor Robert, 5. 08221, Terrassa, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260611 PL - Germany TA - Eur J Pediatr JT - European journal of pediatrics JID - 7603873 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Cryptorchidism/surgery/epidemiology MH - Male MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Incidence MH - Risk Factors MH - Infant MH - Child, Preschool MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Child OTO - NOTNLM OT - Acquired cryptorchidism OT - Cryptorchidism OT - Follow-up studies OT - Metachronous disease OT - Paediatrics OT - Undescended testis COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The protocol was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge (ref. PR030/24). Due to the retrospective nature of the study, informed consent was waived. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/11 12:41 MHDA- 2026/06/13 00:39 CRDT- 2026/06/11 11:17 PHST- 2026/02/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/13 00:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/11 12:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/11 11:17 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07154-4 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07154-4 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Eur J Pediatr. 2026 Jun 11;185(7):486. doi: 10.1007/s00431-026-07154-4. PMID- 42274442 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260804 LR - 20260804 IS - 1878-2620 (Electronic) IS - 1499-4046 (Linking) VI - 58 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Creation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Teen Moms Child Feeding Readiness to Change Questionnaire for Teenage Mothers in Rural Suburbs of Nigeria. PG - 770-784 LID - S1499-4046(26)00125-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jneb.2026.05.001 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate the Teen Moms Child Feeding Readiness to Change Questionnaire for Sub-Saharan Africa for evaluating the transtheoretical stages of behavioral change related to infant and young child feeding. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Communities with populations with low income in rural suburban areas of Abuja, Nigeria. PARTICIPANTS: Ten nutrition experts and 156 teenage mothers. METHODS: Nineteen items were generated on a 5-point Likert scale for responses. Two questions were eliminated after content evaluation by a panel of 10 nutrition experts and comprehensibility assessment by 6 teenage mothers. Unidimensionality and internal consistency reliability of the subscales were determined by factor loadings, Loevinger's scalability coefficient H and Molenaar Sijtsma rho coefficients. Construct validity was established via polytomous item response theory in 150 teenage mothers in rural suburbs of Abuja, Nigeria. RESULTS: The final questionnaire contained 11 questions in 3 subscales. All retained items had factor loadings > 0.4, Loevinger's coefficient H > 0.3, and rho coefficients > 0.6. All items displayed good discrimination (>/= 1) and difficulty parameters. Response characteristic curves indicated that the Likert option neither agree nor disagree was not frequently selected; thus, it was deleted. From scale information curves, it was observed that the contemplation, action, and maintenance subscales precisely estimated information for respondents with average ability to perform the latent construct. The precontemplation subscale contained more information for respondents with less than average abilities. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: The Teen Moms Child Feeding Readiness to Change Questionnaire for Sub-Saharan Africa demonstrated promising preliminary evidence of validity and reliability for assessing Transtheoretical stages of change in teenage mothers. Further validation in larger and more diverse samples is warranted. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Society for Nutrition Education and Behavior. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Sosanya, Mercy E AU - Sosanya ME AD - Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, University at Buffalo, NY; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, The Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi, Bauchi, Nigeria. Electronic address: mercysosanya@utexas.edu. FAU - Samuel, Temitope C AU - Samuel TC AD - Centre for Family Health Initiative, Abuja, Nigeria. FAU - Ugwu-Anyanwu, Krystal C AU - Ugwu-Anyanwu KC AD - Centre for Family Health Initiative, Abuja, Nigeria. FAU - Freeland-Graves, Jeanne H AU - Freeland-Graves JH AD - Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260611 PL - United States TA - J Nutr Educ Behav JT - Journal of nutrition education and behavior JID - 101132622 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Nigeria MH - Adolescent MH - *Psychometrics MH - Surveys and Questionnaires/standards MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Rural Population MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - *Adolescent Mothers/psychology/statistics & numerical data MH - Infant MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - Mothers OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescent mothers OT - infant and young child feeding OT - psychometric validation OT - readiness to change OT - transtheoretical model EDAT- 2026/06/11 12:39 MHDA- 2026/08/09 15:17 CRDT- 2026/06/11 10:45 PHST- 2025/03/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/09 15:17 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/11 12:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/11 10:45 [entrez] AID - S1499-4046(26)00125-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jneb.2026.05.001 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Nutr Educ Behav. 2026 Aug;58(8):770-784. doi: 10.1016/j.jneb.2026.05.001. Epub 2026 Jun 11. PMID- 42272568 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260611 LR - 20260922 IS - 2472-1972 (Electronic) IS - 2472-1972 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Feasibility, reproducibility, and cold-induced energy expenditure using whole-room calorimetry in adults and children. PG - bvag102 LID - 10.1210/jendso/bvag102 [doi] LID - bvag102 AB - CONTEXT: To understand energy balance, whole-room indirect calorimetry (WRIC) allows for accurate measurement of energy expenditure (EE). OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between cold-induced resting EE and brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to evaluate WRIC system (WRICS) performance and feasibility of use in children and adults. METHODS: The WRICS was equipped with a Promethion High-Definition Room Calorimetry System. Technical validation utilized nitrogen (N(2)) and carbon dioxide (CO(2)) gas infusions. Healthy adults (n = 21) and children aged 8-17 years (n = 17) attended two 4-hour WRIC visits (one week apart) and one MRI visit. Resting EE at 25 degrees C (REE(25)) was compared between visits and to REE at 18 degrees C (REE(18)). Recruitment and completion rates were examined. BAT activity was assessed by MRI as the decline in supraclavicular proton density fat fraction during 18 degrees C cold exposure. RESULTS: Gas infusion testing confirmed high accuracy (respiratory exchange ratio [RER] = 0.99; 95% CI 0.991-0.996). Study completion rates were high (adults: 20/21; children: 17/18). REE(25) over a 10-minute period was consistent between visits (adults: 1.68 +/- 0.462 vs 1.66 +/- 0.301 kcal/min, P = 0.77; children: 1.50 +/- 0.358 vs 1.58 +/- 0.348 kcal/min, P = .25). Cold exposure increased fasting EE by 0.21 kcal/min (adults) and 0.14 kcal/min (children). BAT activity was correlated with REE(18) in adults (r = 0.49, P = .04). CONCLUSION: WRICS use was feasible in adults and children. Changes in EE during cold (ie, cold-induced thermogenesis) were measurable and related to BAT activity, supporting the usefulness of this system in the assessment of EE in response to interventions in adults and children. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Endocrine Society. FAU - Cheveldayoff, Paige AU - Cheveldayoff P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4907-3019 AD - Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8N 3Z5. AD - Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8N 3Z5. FAU - Alamri, Bader AU - Alamri B AD - Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8N 3Z5. AD - Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8N 3Z5. FAU - Wang, Dongdong AU - Wang D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6195-4428 AD - Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8N 3Z5. AD - Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8N 3Z5. FAU - Gonzalez, Rogelio Cruz AU - Gonzalez RC AD - Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8N 3Z5. AD - Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8N 3Z5. FAU - Thomas, Aaron C Q AU - Thomas ACQ AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-4985-586X AD - Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8N 3Z5. AD - Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8N 3Z5. FAU - Konyer, Norm AU - Konyer N AD - Imaging Research Centre, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8P 3B7. FAU - Noseworthy, Michael D AU - Noseworthy MD AD - Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8N 3Z5. AD - Imaging Research Centre, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8P 3B7. AD - Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8N 3Z5. FAU - Gerstein, Hertzel C AU - Gerstein HC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8072-2836 AD - Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8N 3Z5. AD - Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8N 3Z5. FAU - Punthakee, Zubin AU - Punthakee Z AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4894-3617 AD - Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8N 3Z5. AD - Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8N 3Z5. FAU - Steinberg, Gregory R AU - Steinberg GR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5425-8275 AD - Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8N 3Z5. AD - Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8N 3Z5. FAU - Morrison, Katherine M AU - Morrison KM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1737-256X AD - Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8N 3Z5. AD - Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8N 3Z5. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260505 PL - United States TA - J Endocr Soc JT - Journal of the Endocrine Society JID - 101697997 PMC - PMC13248870 OTO - NOTNLM OT - BAT activity OT - cold exposure OT - energy expenditure OT - indirect calorimetry OT - obesity OT - pediatrics EDAT- 2026/06/11 06:37 MHDA- 2026/06/11 06:38 PMCR- 2026/05/05 CRDT- 2026/06/11 04:44 PHST- 2025/09/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/11 06:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/11 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/11 04:44 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bvag102 [pii] AID - 10.1210/jendso/bvag102 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Endocr Soc. 2026 May 5;10(7):bvag102. doi: 10.1210/jendso/bvag102. eCollection 2026 Jul. PMID- 42271514 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260816 LR - 20260825 IS - 1745-6215 (Electronic) IS - 1745-6215 (Linking) VI - 27 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 11 TI - Efficacy and safety of SarogLItazar as an add-on medication to Metformin and lifestyle intervention in women with PolyCystic Ovary Syndrome (SLIM-PCOS trial): study protocol for a randomized, open-label, parallel group clinical trial. LID - 10.1186/s13063-026-09534-5 [doi] LID - 532 AB - BACKGROUND: Emerging concepts on the role of insulin resistance (IR) in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have driven a shift in the therapeutic approach towards interventions targeting IR. SarogLItazar as an add-on to Metformin in PolyCystic Ovary Syndrome (SLIM-PCOS) trial aims to test the efficacy and safety of saroglitazar, a dual peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR alpha/gamma) agonist belonging to "glitazar" class of drugs, on top of metformin and lifestyle intervention in PCOS. METHODS: SLIM-PCOS is an investigator-initiated, randomized, open label, parallel group, superiority, clinical trial. Around 140 PCOS patients will be randomized in 1:1 ratio to either of the two study groups: Group A: tablet saroglitazar (4 mg daily) + tablet metformin (500 mg twice daily) + lifestyle intervention; and Group B: tablet metformin + lifestyle intervention. Lifestyle intervention will comprise of dietary intervention and physical activity. Treatment will be given for 24 weeks and post-treatment follow up done at 36 weeks. The primary outcome is to compare the change in serum sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) levels at 24 weeks from baseline between the two groups. Secondary efficacy outcomes include clinical (anthropometry, hirsutism, menstrual cycles); metabolic and gonadal parameters (lipid profile, IR, ovarian hormones and androgens, metabolic syndrome); hepatic steatosis on transabdominal scan and quality of life. Safety outcomes include patient reported adverse events, hematological and biochemical safety parameters. Data will be analysed as per intention to treat (ITT) principle using validated statistical software. Two-tailed P-value < 0.05 will be considered statistically significant. DISCUSSION: SLIM-PCOS trial will provide evidence on the potential therapeutic application of saroglitazar in PCOS. Based on the study outcomes and the drug's mechanism of action, future studies may be planned to investigate into the role of this novel glitazar in PCOS patients having diabetes, dyslipidemia, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and other associated co-morbidities. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Prospectively registered with the Clinical Trials Registry of India (Trial ID: CTRI/2025/09/094653); registered September 12, 2025. https://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/rmaindet.php?trialid=142027&EncHid=25944.27666&modid=1&compid=19 . CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Mittal, Niti AU - Mittal N AD - Department of Pharmacology, Pt. B.D. Sharma Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (PGIMS), Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India. drnitimittal@uhsr.ac.in. FAU - Singhal, Savita AU - Singhal S AD - Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Pt. B.D. Sharma Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (PGIMS), Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India. FAU - Mittal, Rakesh AU - Mittal R AD - Department of Pharmacology, Pt. B.D. Sharma Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (PGIMS), Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India. LA - eng GR - HSCSIT/R&D/2025/1558/Haryana State Council for Science, Innovation and Technology, Government of Haryana/ PT - Clinical Trial Protocol PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260611 PL - England TA - Trials JT - Trials JID - 101263253 RN - 9100L32L2N (Metformin) RN - 0 (Phenylpropionates) RN - E0YMX3S4JD (saroglitazar) RN - 0 (Hypoglycemic Agents) RN - 0 (PPAR-gamma Agonists) RN - 0 (PPAR alpha) RN - 0 (PPAR gamma) RN - 0 (Pyrroles) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Metformin/adverse effects/therapeutic use/administration & dosage MH - *Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/therapy/diagnosis/blood/drug therapy/physiopathology MH - *Phenylpropionates/adverse effects/therapeutic use/administration & dosage MH - *Hypoglycemic Agents/adverse effects/therapeutic use MH - Treatment Outcome MH - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic MH - Drug Therapy, Combination MH - Insulin Resistance MH - Adult MH - Time Factors MH - Young Adult MH - PPAR-gamma Agonists MH - Adolescent MH - PPAR alpha/agonists MH - *Risk Reduction Behavior MH - PPAR gamma/agonists MH - Life Style MH - Pyrroles PMC - PMC13480098 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Lifestyle intervention OT - Metformin OT - Polycystic ovary syndrome OT - Randomised trial OT - Saroglitazar OT - Study protocol COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study is approved by the by Biomedical Research Ethics Committee of our institute vide letter no. BREC/25/278 dated 09.09.2025 in accordance with the ethical standards defined under Declaration of Helsinki and New Drugs and Clinical Trials Rules, 2019. Written informed consent will be obtained from all the participants before their inclusion in the study. The participants will be provided with detailed information regarding the purpose, procedures, potential risks, and benefits of the study, and their voluntary participation and right to withdraw at any time will be emphasized. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/11 06:39 MHDA- 2026/08/17 05:38 PMCR- 2026/06/11 CRDT- 2026/06/11 00:17 PHST- 2025/11/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/17 05:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/11 06:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/11 00:17 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s13063-026-09534-5 [pii] AID - 9534 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s13063-026-09534-5 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Trials. 2026 Jun 11;27(1):532. doi: 10.1186/s13063-026-09534-5. PMID- 42271444 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260816 LR - 20260819 IS - 1477-7525 (Electronic) IS - 1477-7525 (Linking) VI - 24 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 10 TI - Predicting poor health-related quality of life among Chinese adolescents using explainable machine learning: the role of school adjustment, family context, and lifestyle factors. LID - 10.1186/s12955-026-02568-y [doi] LID - 105 AB - BACKGROUND: Adolescents' health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is influenced by multiple domains, including school, family, and individual lifestyle. However, evidence remains limited on accurately predicting adolescent HRQoL and identifying modifiable determinants. This study aimed to develop a machine-learning prediction model for adolescent HRQoL and to determine key contextual factors associated with low quality of life. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 20,236 adolescents (51.71% female; mean age 15.97 years). HRQoL was assessed using the validated Quality of Life Scale for Children and Adolescents (QLSCA). Twenty predictors covering school adjustment, family characteristics, and health behaviours were entered into 9 machine-learning classifiers and logistic regression. Feature contributions were examined using permutation importance, partial dependence plots (PDPs), and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP). Stratified analyses by sex and school stage were conducted to identify group-specific determinants. RESULTS: School adjustment was the primary predictor of HRQoL, with self-management and peer relations contributing most. Family factors ranked next, particularly more frequent exercise with parents, which was associated with higher HRQoL. Among lifestyle behaviours, higher physical activity and healthier dietary patterns were associated with better HRQoL, whereas excessive screen time was associated with poorer HRQoL. In stratified analyses, peer relations and physical activity were more influential among boys, while self-management, exercising with parents, and adequate sleep contributed more among girls. Middle school students showed more adverse associations with disruptive/antisocial behaviours and screen time, whereas high school students derived greater benefits from family interaction and health behaviours. CONCLUSIONS: Explainable machine-learning analyses highlight school adjustment as a central correlate of adolescent HRQoL, alongside family characteristics and health behaviours. These findings provide multidimensional evidence to support targeted interventions in educational, family, and public health settings to improve adolescents' HRQoL. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Zhao, Liangyu AU - Zhao L AD - School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China. FAU - Gao, Yan AU - Gao Y AD - School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China. gaoyanluck@sdu.edu.cn. FAU - Liu, Chenchen AU - Liu C AD - School of Medical Information Engineering, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, China. FAU - Zhang, Zeqi AU - Zhang Z AD - School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China. FAU - Yang, Yuke AU - Yang Y AD - School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China. FAU - Hu, Yining AU - Hu Y AD - School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China. FAU - Sui, Wenze AU - Sui W AD - School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China. FAU - Ma, Sen AU - Ma S AD - School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China. FAU - Zhang, Shuoqin AU - Zhang S AD - School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China. FAU - Lai, Xinxin AU - Lai X AD - School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China. FAU - Wang, Zhiying AU - Wang Z AD - School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China. FAU - Yang, Zhiwen AU - Yang Z AD - School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China. FAU - Yi, Xiangren AU - Yi X AD - School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China. LA - eng GR - 21BTY054/National Social Science Fund of China/ GR - 2024YFC3607603/National Key Research and Development Program of China/ GR - 202409A07/National Population Health Data Center/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260610 PL - England TA - Health Qual Life Outcomes JT - Health and quality of life outcomes JID - 101153626 RN - Chinese people SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - *Quality of Life/psychology MH - Male MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - China MH - *Life Style MH - *Machine Learning MH - Health Behavior MH - Schools MH - East Asian People PMC - PMC13479416 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescents OT - Family characteristics OT - Health-related quality of life OT - Healthy lifestyle OT - Machine learning OT - School adjustment COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee of Shandong University [Approval No. 20180517]. Adolescents and their parents/guardians gave informed consent prior to taking part in the study. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/11 06:37 MHDA- 2026/08/17 05:38 PMCR- 2026/06/10 CRDT- 2026/06/11 00:14 PHST- 2026/02/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/17 05:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/11 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/11 00:14 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12955-026-02568-y [pii] AID - 2568 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12955-026-02568-y [doi] PST - epublish SO - Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2026 Jun 10;24(1):105. doi: 10.1186/s12955-026-02568-y. PMID- 42271315 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260820 LR - 20260822 IS - 1471-2474 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2474 (Linking) VI - 27 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 10 TI - Video-based gait analysis for clinical monitoring of genotype-specific functional patterns in osteogenesis imperfecta. LID - 10.1186/s12891-026-10056-z [doi] LID - 710 AB - BACKGROUND: Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is characterized by substantial genetic and functional heterogeneity, yet low-burden objective tools for repeated gait monitoring in routine outpatient care remain limited. This study investigated whether routine smartphone videos combined with markerless pose estimation could capture genotype-associated gait patterns in children with IFITM5- and WNT1-related OI, with COL1-related OI included as a cross-sectional reference cohort. METHODS: This single-center retrospective cohort study screened 237 pediatric patients with genetically confirmed IFITM5- or WNT1-related OI between 2014 and 2024. The main analytic cohort included 71 patients: 48 with IFITM5 mutations and 23 with WNT1 mutations. During the same period, 107 patients with COL1-related OI were screened, of whom 26 were included as a cross-sectional reference cohort. MediaPipe Pose was used to extract spatiotemporal and postural gait parameters from outpatient walking videos. Algorithmic consistency under simulated video perturbations was assessed, and gait phenotypes were evaluated using multivariable models, linear mixed-effects models, Kaplan-Meier analysis, and exploratory machine-learning analysis. RESULTS: Step_Width and Trunk_Lean showed high algorithmic consistency under perturbation testing, with ICC ranges of 0.966-0.980 and 0.923-0.983, respectively. At baseline, WNT1 patients showed greater Step_Width (0.265 +/- 0.073 vs. 0.203 +/- 0.062 m), Trunk_Lean (4.53 degrees +/- 2.10 degrees vs. 2.72 degrees +/- 1.63 degrees ), and Normalized_Step_Width (0.377 +/- 0.103 vs. 0.270 +/- 0.083) than IFITM5 patients (all P < 0.001). These differences remained after adjustment for age, sex, documented medication exposure, and surgical history, with adjusted differences of 0.046 m for Step_Width, 1.612 degrees for Trunk_Lean, and 0.087 for Normalized_Step_Width. In the COL1-related reference analysis, WNT1 patients retained higher Step_Width and Normalized_Step_Width than COL1-related OI patients, whereas Trunk_Lean did not differ significantly between these groups. Longitudinal analysis showed no significant age-related gait changes in the WNT1 group, whereas IFITM5 patients showed mild annual decreases in Step_Width (- 0.0026 m/year) and Normalized_Step_Width (- 0.0046/year). Surgery-free survival declined earlier in the WNT1 group than in the IFITM5 group (log-rank P = 0.007). The exploratory genotype classification model achieved an AUC of 0.804 (95% CI, 0.678-0.914). CONCLUSIONS: Routine outpatient smartphone videos combined with markerless pose estimation can capture genotype-associated gait patterns in pediatric OI. WNT1-related OI was characterized by a wider base of support and coronal-plane compensation, whereas IFITM5-related OI showed mild longitudinal changes in spatial gait metrics. Video-derived gait parameters may provide low-burden adjunctive measures for outpatient functional monitoring, although prospective reference-standard validation and larger multi-genotype cohorts are needed. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Li, Yahao AU - Li Y AD - Suzhou Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hereditary Skeletal Diseases, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, China. AD - Suzhou New Century Children's Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, China. FAU - Yu, Sheng AU - Yu S AD - Suzhou Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hereditary Skeletal Diseases, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, China. AD - Suzhou New Century Children's Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, China. FAU - Sun, Qinglin AU - Sun Q AD - Suzhou Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hereditary Skeletal Diseases, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, China. AD - Children's Hospital of Soochow University, No. 92 Zhongnan Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215025, China. AD - Suzhou New Century Children's Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, China. FAU - Wang, Mingxing AU - Wang M AD - Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China. FAU - Ren, Xiuzhi AU - Ren X AD - Suzhou Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hereditary Skeletal Diseases, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, China. renxiuzhi7320@suda.edu.cn. AD - Children's Hospital of Soochow University, No. 92 Zhongnan Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215025, China. renxiuzhi7320@suda.edu.cn. FAU - Zhu, Zhenhong AU - Zhu Z AD - Suzhou Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hereditary Skeletal Diseases, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, China. aman_zzh@126.com. AD - Children's Hospital of Soochow University, No. 92 Zhongnan Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215025, China. aman_zzh@126.com. LA - eng GR - Szlcyxzxj202105/Suzhou Clinical Center for Rare Disease/ GR - SYW2025013/Suzhou Key Project of Applied Basic Research in Medical and Health/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260610 PL - England TA - BMC Musculoskelet Disord JT - BMC musculoskeletal disorders JID - 100968565 RN - 0 (Membrane Proteins) RN - 0 (IFITM5 protein, human) RN - 0 (Wnt1 Protein) RN - 0 (WNT1 protein, human) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Osteogenesis Imperfecta/genetics/physiopathology/diagnosis MH - Female MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Male MH - Membrane Proteins/genetics MH - *Gait Analysis/methods MH - *Video Recording/methods MH - Child MH - Mutation MH - Child, Preschool MH - Genotype MH - Wnt1 Protein/genetics MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adolescent MH - Phenotype MH - *Gait PMC - PMC13491806 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Genotype-phenotype correlation OT - Machine learning OT - Markerless gait analysis OT - Osteogenesis imperfecta COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The authors are accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki (as revised in 2013). This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Children's Hospital of Soochow University (Approval No.: 2024CS146). Given the retrospective nature of the study and the use of anonymized data, the requirement for informed consent was waived by the Ethics Committee. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/11 06:37 MHDA- 2026/08/20 05:43 PMCR- 2026/06/10 CRDT- 2026/06/11 00:08 PHST- 2026/03/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/20 05:43 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/11 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/11 00:08 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12891-026-10056-z [pii] AID - 10056 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12891-026-10056-z [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2026 Jun 10;27(1):710. doi: 10.1186/s12891-026-10056-z. PMID- 42270572 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260612 LR - 20260911 IS - 1473-2300 (Electronic) IS - 0300-0605 (Print) IS - 0300-0605 (Linking) VI - 54 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Evaluation of body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, and waist-to-height ratio as predictors of insulin resistance in Syrian adult women: A cross-sectional study. PG - 3000605261455139 LID - 10.1177/03000605261455139 [doi] LID - 03000605261455139 AB - ObjectiveBody mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, and waist-to-height ratio are widely used anthropometric indices for assessing obesity-related metabolic risk; however, their relative contributions to insulin resistance remain debated and vary across different ethnicities.MethodsThis prospective cross-sectional study evaluated the correlations of body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, and waist-to-height ratio with insulin resistance, measured by the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, among 70 Syrian adult women aged 17-46 years who were consecutively recruited from the outpatient clinic in Homs governorate.ResultsScatter plots and correlation analyses were performed indicating that different anthropometric parameters are associated, to varying degrees, with the occurrence and progression of insulin resistance. Among studied anthropometric obesity indicators, body mass index has a weak, non-significant correlation with homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (r = 0.18, p = 0.1338), whereas waist-to-height ratio (r = 0.62, p = 0.0001) was found to be the most closely associated with occurrence of insulin resistance. Receiver operating characteristic analysis further demonstrated that waist-to-height ratio had the highest predictive accuracy for insulin resistance (area under the curve = 0.82), outperforming body mass index (area under the curve = 0.78) and waist-to-hip ratio (area under the curve = 0.74).ConclusionTherefore, waist-to-height ratio appears to be a simple and effective anthropometric tool for identifying individuals at higher risk of insulin resistance in Syrian adult women. However, as our study was only conducted on women, further investigations in men are warranted to justify its widespread adoption in clinical practice. FAU - Zam, Wissam AU - Zam W AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2733-1884 AD - Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tartous University, Syria. AD - Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Wadi International University, Syria. FAU - Farkoh, Haya AU - Farkoh H AD - Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Wadi International University, Syria. FAU - Makhoul, Jana AU - Makhoul J AD - Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Wadi International University, Syria. FAU - Youssef, Jouel AU - Youssef J AD - Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Wadi International University, Syria. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260610 PL - England TA - J Int Med Res JT - The Journal of international medical research JID - 0346411 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Insulin Resistance MH - *Waist-Hip Ratio MH - *Body Mass Index MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adult MH - *Waist-Height Ratio MH - Syria/epidemiology MH - Middle Aged MH - Prospective Studies MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - *Obesity/diagnosis/physiopathology MH - ROC Curve PMC - PMC13554508 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Body mass index OT - Syrian adult women OT - homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance OT - waist-to-height ratio OT - waist-to-hip ratio COIS- Declaration of conflicting interestsThe authors declare no potential conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/11 05:42 MHDA- 2026/06/12 18:41 PMCR- 2026/06/10 CRDT- 2026/06/10 22:52 PHST- 2026/06/12 18:41 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/11 05:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/10 22:52 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1177_03000605261455139 [pii] AID - 10.1177/03000605261455139 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Int Med Res. 2026 Jun;54(6):3000605261455139. doi: 10.1177/03000605261455139. Epub 2026 Jun 10. PMID- 42270539 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260624 LR - 20260624 IS - 2341-2879 (Electronic) IS - 2341-2879 (Linking) VI - 104 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Neck circumference in screening for elevated blood pressure. PG - 504226 LID - S2341-2879(26)00183-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.anpede.2026.504226 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Elevated blood pressure (EBP) in childhood is associated with excess adiposity. The aim was to compare anthropometric and body composition indicators to identify EBP (>/=90th percentile) in schoolchildren. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cross-sectional study in 497 rural Andalusian schoolchildren (6-15 years). Weight, height, circumferences (waist and neck) and skinfolds (bicipital, tricipital, subscapular, and suprailiac) were recorded to calculate body mass index, waist-to-height ratio, the sum of 4 skinfolds and body fat percentage. Blood pressure was measured by oscillometry (3 readings; mean of the last 2) and classified using Spanish age- and sex-specific references (>/=90th percentile for systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure). Age- and sex-adjusted logistic models and sex-stratified analyses of discrimination and calibration were performed; optimal cut-offs were derived using the Youden index. RESULTS: The prevalence of EBP was 5.8% and increased with excess weight, particularly in girls. After multivariable adjustment, neck circumference (NC) was the indicator most consistently associated with EBP. Discriminative ability was moderate in boys and high in girls, with optimal cut-offs of 29.15 cm and 30.65 cm, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: NC is a simple, low-cost measure that may complement traditional indicators for EBP screening in school settings and primary care; the proposed cut-offs require external validation. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Asociacion Espanola de Pediatria. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L.U. All rights reserved. FAU - Recio Anon, Carlos AU - Recio Anon C AD - Dispositivo de Cuidados Criticos y Urgencias, Distrito Sanitario Cordoba Guadalquivir, Cordoba, Spain; Grupo de Investigacion EPINUT Ref. 929325, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: crecio02@ucm.es. FAU - Sastre Dominguez, Manuel Alejandro AU - Sastre Dominguez MA AD - Servicio de Pediatria, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia de Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain. FAU - Carracedo Anon, Julia AU - Carracedo Anon J AD - Departamento de Genetica, Fisiologia y Microbiologia, Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (IMAS12), Madrid, Spain. FAU - Gonzalez Martin, Antonio AU - Gonzalez Martin A AD - Departamento de Biodiversidad, Ecologia y Evolucion, Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Marrodan Serrano, Maria Dolores AU - Marrodan Serrano MD AD - Grupo de Investigacion EPINUT Ref. 929325, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Biodiversidad, Ecologia y Evolucion, Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260610 PL - Spain TA - An Pediatr (Engl Ed) JT - Anales de pediatria JID - 101765626 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - *Neck/anatomy & histology MH - Female MH - Child MH - *Hypertension/diagnosis/epidemiology MH - Adolescent MH - Mass Screening/methods OTO - NOTNLM OT - Anthropometry OT - Antropometria OT - Blood pressure OT - Cuello OT - Neck OT - Obesidad infantil OT - Pediatric obesity OT - Pediatrics OT - Pediatria OT - Presion arterial COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. EDAT- 2026/06/11 05:42 MHDA- 2026/06/25 00:33 CRDT- 2026/06/10 22:51 PHST- 2026/02/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/25 00:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/11 05:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/10 22:51 [entrez] AID - S2341-2879(26)00183-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.anpede.2026.504226 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - An Pediatr (Engl Ed). 2026 Jun;104(6):504226. doi: 10.1016/j.anpede.2026.504226. Epub 2026 Jun 10. PMID- 42269926 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260626 LR - 20260702 IS - 2405-4577 (Electronic) IS - 2405-4577 (Linking) VI - 74 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Age-dependent diagnostic performance of mid-upper arm circumference Z-score in pediatric neurology: A multicenter study with a cerebral palsy subgroup. PG - 103388 LID - S2405-4577(26)00485-7 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.clnesp.2026.103388 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Malnutrition is a common but frequently underrecognized comorbidity in children with neurological disorders. Accurate nutritional assessment is often challenging in pediatric neurology practice due to motor impairment, skeletal deformities, and unreliable height and weight measurements. Mid-upper arm circumference Z-score (MUAC-Z) has emerged as a practical anthropometric alternative; however, its age-dependent diagnostic performance in neurologically affected children remains insufficiently defined. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the age-specific diagnostic accuracy of MUAC-Z for detecting malnutrition in a large pediatric neurology outpatient cohort and in a predefined subgroup of children with cerebral palsy (CP). METHODS: This multicenter, analytical cross-sectional study included 3668 children aged 6 months to 19 years attending pediatric neurology outpatient clinics, including 242 children with CP. Participants were stratified into two age groups (6-60 months and 5-19 years). Malnutrition was defined as weight-for-age Z-score (WAZ) < -2 in children under 5 years and body mass index-for-age Z-score (BMI-Z) < -2 in older children. Anthropometric measurements, laboratory parameters, and enteral feeding status were recorded. Diagnostic performance of MUAC-Z was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. RESULTS: MUAC-Z demonstrated moderate diagnostic accuracy in children aged 6-60 months (AUC 0.772), with marked variability across early childhood subgroups. In contrast, MUAC-Z showed excellent diagnostic performance in children aged 5-19 years (AUC 0.907). In the CP subgroup, malnutrition prevalence was substantially higher across all indices. MUAC-Z showed limited accuracy in CP children under 5 years (AUC 0.668) but good diagnostic performance in those aged 5-19 years (AUC 0.774). Older malnourished children, particularly those with CP, exhibited more frequent laboratory abnormalities consistent with chronic nutritional impairment. CONCLUSIONS: The diagnostic utility of MUAC-Z in pediatric neurology is strongly age-dependent. MUAC-Z represents a reliable and practical screening tool in school-aged children and adolescents, including those with cerebral palsy, while its use in early childhood should be complementary to conventional anthropometric indices. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Dilber, Beril AU - Dilber B AD - Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkiye. Electronic address: berildilber@ktu.edu.tr. FAU - Kucukali̇oglu, Burcu Pariltan AU - Kucukali̇oglu BP AD - Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkiye. Electronic address: bpariltankucukalioglu@gmail.com. FAU - Emral, Hasan AU - Emral H AD - Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkiye. Electronic address: hasanemral.md@gmail.com. FAU - Cansu, Ali AU - Cansu A AD - Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkiye. Electronic address: acansu2011@hotmail.com. FAU - Sahin, Sevim AU - Sahin S AD - Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkiye. Electronic address: sevimsahin1@yahoo.com. FAU - Tekin, Emine AU - Tekin E AD - Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkiye. Electronic address: dreminetekin@yahoo.com. FAU - Di̇ler Durgut, Betul AU - Di̇ler Durgut B AD - Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkiye. Electronic address: betuldlr@hotmail.com. FAU - Ozkan Kart, Pinar AU - Ozkan Kart P AD - Department of Pediatric Neurology, Trabzon Kanuni Training and Research Hospital, Trabzon, Turkiye. Electronic address: drpinar_ozkan@yahoo.com. FAU - Hanci, Fatma AU - Hanci F AD - Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Trabzon University, Trabzon, Turkiye. Electronic address: fatmah.arslan@gmail.com. FAU - Esenulku, Gulnur AU - Esenulku G AD - Department of Pediatric Neurology, Trabzon Kanuni Training and Research Hospital, Trabzon, Turkiye. Electronic address: drgesenulku@gmail.com. FAU - Bulut, Tuba AU - Bulut T AD - Department of Pediatric Neurology, Hatay Training and Research Hospital, Hatay, Turkiye. Electronic address: tubaa_bulut@hotmail.com. FAU - Ozpinar, Esra AU - Ozpinar E AD - Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University Hospital, Hatay, Turkiye. Electronic address: dr.esraozpinar@gmail.com. FAU - Kilic, Betul AU - Kilic B AD - Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Medipol University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Topcu, Yasemin AU - Topcu Y AD - Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Medipol University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkiye. Electronic address: yasmintopcu35@gmail.com. FAU - Aydin, Kursad AU - Aydin K AD - Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Medipol University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkiye. Electronic address: kursadaydin@hotmail.com. FAU - Oz Dagdelen, Zeynep AU - Oz Dagdelen Z AD - Department of Pediatric Neurology, Istanbul Sancaktepe Sehit Prof. Dr. Ilhan Varank Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkiye. Electronic address: zeynep._oz@hotmail.com. FAU - Akyuz Yucel, Gulcan AU - Akyuz Yucel G AD - Department of Pediatric Neurology, Istanbul Sancaktepe Sehit Prof. Dr. Ilhan Varank Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkiye. Electronic address: gulcan.akyuz@hotmail.com. FAU - Baykan, Muge AU - Baykan M AD - Department of Pediatric Neurology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Rize Training and Research Hospital, Rize, Turkiye. Electronic address: dr.mugebaykan@gmail.com. FAU - Cetin, Huriye AU - Cetin H AD - Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkiye. Electronic address: huriyeecetin@gmail.com. FAU - Tas, Elif Nalan AU - Tas EN AD - Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkiye. Electronic address: en_kibarkaya@icloud.com. FAU - Petek Arhan, Ebru AU - Petek Arhan E AD - Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkiye. Electronic address: ebruarhan@gazi.edu.tr. FAU - Demir, Ercan AU - Demir E AD - Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkiye. Electronic address: ercandemir@gazi.edu.tr. FAU - Tutuncu Toker, Rabia AU - Tutuncu Toker R AD - Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkiye. Electronic address: rabiatoker@uludag.edu.tr. FAU - Doganc, Tugba AU - Doganc T AD - Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkiye. Electronic address: tugbadoganc@uludag.edu.tr. FAU - Turkmen, Dilek AU - Turkmen D AD - Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University Hospital, Kayseri, Turkiye. Electronic address: dilek_bldk@hotmail.com. FAU - Per, Huseyin AU - Per H AD - Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University Hospital, Kayseri, Turkiye. Electronic address: huseyinper@yahoo.com. FAU - Ayanoglu, Muge AU - Ayanoglu M AD - Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Aydin Adnan Menderes University Hospital, Aydin, Turkiye. Electronic address: mugeayanoglu_05@hotmail.com. FAU - Kamasak, Tulay AU - Kamasak T AD - Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Aydin Adnan Menderes University Hospital, Aydin, Turkiye. Electronic address: tkamasak@hotmail.com. FAU - Guven, Burcu AU - Guven B AD - Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkiye. Electronic address: burcuguven55@gmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study DEP - 20260610 PL - England TA - Clin Nutr ESPEN JT - Clinical nutrition ESPEN JID - 101654592 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child, Preschool MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - *Cerebral Palsy/complications/diagnosis MH - Infant MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Arm MH - *Malnutrition/diagnosis/epidemiology MH - *Anthropometry/methods MH - Nutrition Assessment MH - Age Factors MH - Nutritional Status MH - Young Adult MH - Body Mass Index MH - ROC Curve OTO - NOTNLM OT - Anthropometry OT - Cerebral palsy OT - MUAC-Z OT - Malnutrition OT - Mid-upper arm circumference OT - Nutritional screening OT - Pediatric neurology COIS- Conflict of interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/06/11 05:42 MHDA- 2026/06/27 00:57 CRDT- 2026/06/10 19:58 PHST- 2026/02/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 00:57 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/11 05:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/10 19:58 [entrez] AID - S2405-4577(26)00485-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.clnesp.2026.103388 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2026 Aug;74:103388. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2026.103388. Epub 2026 Jun 10. PMID- 42269380 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260722 LR - 20260722 IS - 1618-131X (Electronic) IS - 1438-4639 (Linking) VI - 276 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Uncovering hidden beta-adrenergic agonist exposure from meat consumption through nationally representative human biomonitoring in Taiwan. PG - 114849 LID - S1438-4639(26)00109-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ijheh.2026.114849 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Despite stringent bans on clenbuterol in livestock production, its prolonged half-life poses a potential risk for human bioaccumulation. Conversely, legally permitted additives like ractopamine undergo rapid metabolism. This study utilized human biomonitoring (HBM) to uncover hidden beta-adrenergic agonist exposures in Taiwan, contrasting internal body burdens with traditional market surveillance data. METHODS: We analyzed data from a nationally representative sample of 1554 participants in the 2019 Taiwan Human BioMonitoring Program. Spot urine samples were tested for eight beta-adrenergic agonists using ultra-trace isotope dilution online SPE-LC-MS/MS. Dietary habits, including meat and egg consumption frequencies, were assessed via validated food frequency questionnaires. Associations were evaluated using survey-weighted logistic regression models. RESULTS: Clenbuterol was the most frequently detected beta-adrenergic agonist (31.4%), starkly contrasting with its zero-detection rate in recent official market surveillance. In contrast, the legally permitted ractopamine was detected in only 4.2% of samples. After adjusting for confounders, urinary clenbuterol detection showed a significant association with red meat consumption (adjusted odds ratio = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.08-1.79, p = 0.011). CONCLUSIONS: A significant portion of the Taiwanese general population experiences hidden, low-dose exposure to clenbuterol. This prevalence highlights a critical gap between routine regulatory testing limits and the bioaccumulation potential of clenbuterol from red meat consumption. HBM proves essential for uncovering these hidden exposures. Integrating ultra-trace HBM data into public health frameworks is necessary to accurately assess dietary risks and effectively manage food safety policies. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. FAU - Liao, Ho-Tang AU - Liao HT AD - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan. FAU - Peng, Tzu-Hsuan AU - Peng TH AD - Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei, Taiwan. FAU - Wang, Chien-Jen AU - Wang CJ AD - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan. FAU - Hsu, Jing-Fang AU - Hsu JF AD - Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Occupational Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. FAU - Lin, Ching-Chun AU - Lin CC AD - Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei, Taiwan. FAU - Pan, Wen-Harn AU - Pan WH AD - College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei, Taiwan. FAU - Chia, Shu-Lih AU - Chia SL AD - Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan. FAU - Chen, Pau-Chung AU - Chen PC AD - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan; Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: pchen@ntu.edu.tw. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260610 PL - Germany TA - Int J Hyg Environ Health JT - International journal of hygiene and environmental health JID - 100898843 RN - 0 (Adrenergic beta-Agonists) RN - XTZ6AXU7KN (Clenbuterol) RN - 57370OZ3P1 (ractopamine) RN - 0 (Phenethylamines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Adrenergic beta-Agonists/urine MH - Taiwan MH - Biological Monitoring MH - Female MH - Adult MH - Male MH - *Meat MH - Middle Aged MH - Clenbuterol/urine MH - Food Contamination/analysis MH - Young Adult MH - *Dietary Exposure/analysis MH - Aged MH - Phenethylamines/urine MH - Adolescent MH - Environmental Exposure OTO - NOTNLM OT - Dietary exposure OT - General population OT - Human biomonitoring OT - Leanness-enhancing agent OT - beta-adrenergic agonist COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/11 05:43 MHDA- 2026/07/23 05:36 CRDT- 2026/06/10 18:06 PHST- 2026/03/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/23 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/11 05:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/10 18:06 [entrez] AID - S1438-4639(26)00109-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ijheh.2026.114849 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2026 Jul;276:114849. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2026.114849. Epub 2026 Jun 10. PMID- 42269021 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260612 LR - 20260923 IS - 2369-1999 (Electronic) IS - 2369-1999 (Linking) VI - 12 DP - 2026 Jun 10 TI - Monitoring Steps and Heart Rate Using a Withings Smartwatch in Children and Adolescents With Cancer: Validation Study. PG - e77766 LID - 10.2196/77766 [doi] LID - e77766 AB - BACKGROUND: Consumer smartwatches offer potential for continuous monitoring of physical activity during childhood cancer treatment. However, their validity for measuring step count and heart rate in this population has not been established. OBJECTIVE: This study examined the validity of a Withings smartwatch for monitoring step count and heart rate in children and adolescents undergoing cancer treatment. METHODS: Children and adolescents aged 8 to 18 years under active cancer treatment wore a Withings smartwatch for 12 weeks. For validation purposes, children and adolescents simultaneously wore an ActiGraph wGT3X-BT accelerometer for 1 week under free-living conditions to assess step count agreement and were connected to a clinical heart rate monitor under resting conditions to assess heart rate agreement. Linear mixed models with participant ID as a random effect were used to estimate mean differences and derive 95% limits of agreement for repeated measurements. RESULTS: A total of 14 children and adolescents participated in each of the validation analyses. The smartwatch recorded significantly fewer steps than the ActiGraph accelerometer for both steps per hour (mean difference 174 steps per hour; 95% limits of agreement=-283 to 633; P<.001) and steps per day (mean difference 3154 steps per day; 95% limits of agreement=-394 to 6702; P<.001), with increasing discrepancy at higher activity levels, suggesting proportional bias. No statistically significant difference in heart rate was observed between the smartwatch and the clinical heart rate monitor under resting conditions (mean difference -1.07 beats per minute; 95% limits of agreement=-17.55 to 15.41; P=.24). CONCLUSIONS: In children and adolescents undergoing cancer treatment, the Withings smartwatch showed minimal systematic bias for resting heart rate assessment, although individual variability was considerable. In contrast, step counts demonstrated systematic underestimation and wide limits of agreement compared with a research-grade accelerometer. The use of smartwatch-derived step counts for clinical benchmarking or goal setting in this population cannot currently be recommended. CI - (c)Emma den Hartog, Marta Fiocco, Patrick van der Torre, Wim J E Tissing, Emma J Verwaaijen. Originally published in JMIR Cancer (https://cancer.jmir.org). FAU - den Hartog, Emma AU - den Hartog E AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-6373-2625 AD - Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, Utrecht, 3584 CS, The Netherlands, 31 0889727272. FAU - Fiocco, Marta AU - Fiocco M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5588-0277 AD - Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, Utrecht, 3584 CS, The Netherlands, 31 0889727272. AD - Mathematical Institute, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands. FAU - van der Torre, Patrick AU - van der Torre P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9697-2418 AD - Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, Utrecht, 3584 CS, The Netherlands, 31 0889727272. FAU - Tissing, Wim J E AU - Tissing WJE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9101-507X AD - Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, Utrecht, 3584 CS, The Netherlands, 31 0889727272. AD - Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University of Groningen, Beatrix Children's Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands. FAU - Verwaaijen, Emma J AU - Verwaaijen EJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1350-3363 AD - Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, Utrecht, 3584 CS, The Netherlands, 31 0889727272. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260610 PL - Canada TA - JMIR Cancer JT - JMIR cancer JID - 101666844 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - *Heart Rate/physiology MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Neoplasms/physiopathology/therapy MH - *Exercise/physiology MH - Accelerometry/instrumentation/methods MH - Reproducibility of Results PMC - PMC13252708 OTO - NOTNLM OT - heart rate OT - pediatric oncology OT - smartwatch OT - steps OT - validity COIS- Conflicts of Interest: None declared. EDAT- 2026/06/11 05:39 MHDA- 2026/06/12 13:01 PMCR- 2026/06/10 CRDT- 2026/06/10 14:43 PHST- 2025/05/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/12 13:01 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/11 05:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/10 14:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v12i1e77766 [pii] AID - 77766 [pii] AID - 10.2196/77766 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JMIR Cancer. 2026 Jun 10;12:e77766. doi: 10.2196/77766. PMID- 42268871 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260613 LR - 20260813 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 6 DP - 2026 TI - Geospatial variation and machine learning approaches to predict open defecation practice in Zambia. PG - e0350923 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0350923 [doi] LID - e0350923 AB - BACKGROUND: Open defecation is the disposal of human feces in fields, bushes, forests, open waterways, beaches, and other open areas. It worsens the environment, contaminates drinking water sources, causes malnutrition and low school attendance in children, and aids in the spread of diseases like cholera, diarrhea, dysentery, typhoid, polio, and hepatitis A. The purpose of this study was geospatial variation and machine learning approaches to predict open defecation in Zambia. METHODS: This study used secondary data analysis from the cross-sectional Zambia Demographic and Health Survey (ZMDHS) 2024. Spatial distribution, spatial autocorrelation, incremental autocorrelation, spatial interpolation, and hot spot area detection were all examined using ArcGIS 10.7. Python was used to identify the features of open defecation practice using machine-learning algorithms. We carried out an 80/20% data split, one-hot data encoding, data transformation and integration, data cleaning, and 10-fold stratified cross-validation. This study employed seven machine-learning algorithms, including adaptive boosting, cat boosting, random forest, light boosting, extreme gradient boosting, decision tree and logistic regression. RESULTS: Among 12,808 households in Zambia, 12.1% were practiced open defecation. Spatial analysis revealed significant clustering, with hot spots concentrated in Southern, Western and Eastern regions, highlighting areas in urgent need of intervention. Machine learning models were applied to predict open defecation practices, with light gradient boost performing the best model with AUC of 83.83%. From this study, 198 true positives were generated by the model for the classification of open defecation practice, accurately identifying those who reported engaging in this behavior. CONCLUSION: Wealth index, access to treated water, access to electricity, educational level, and age of household head, access to media, and region were the most significant features of open defecation practice. Governments, NGOs, policy makers, and researchers can use these data to create targeted interventions for improving health and environmental sanitation based on the gaps and disparities discovered. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Birlie et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Birlie, Andualem Addisu AU - Birlie AA AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-2337-0192 AD - Department of Health Informatics, College of Medicine and Health Science, Samara University, Samara, Ethiopia. FAU - Meshesha, Nega Abebe AU - Meshesha NA AD - Department of Public Health, Institute of Health, Dambi Dollo University, Dambi Dollo, Ethiopia. FAU - Tizie, Sefefe Birhanu AU - Tizie SB AD - Department of Health Informatics, College of Medicine and Health Science, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia. FAU - Wondie, Smegnew Gichew AU - Wondie SG AD - Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Mizan Tepi University, Mizan Aman, Ethiopia. FAU - Teshome, Selamawit Gashaw AU - Teshome SG AD - School of Public Health, Health Science Campus, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia. FAU - Bedada, Tesfaye Deribe AU - Bedada TD AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-7102-5790 AD - Department of Health Informatics, School of Public Health, Institute of Health, Bule Hora University, Bule Hora, Ethiopia. FAU - Muluneh, Ayana Alebachew AU - Muluneh AA AD - Department of Health Informatics, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia. FAU - Eticha, Biruktawit Lelisa AU - Eticha BL AD - Department of Health Informatics, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wachemo University, Hossana, Ethiopia. FAU - Dube, Geleta Nenko AU - Dube GN AD - School of Public Health, Institute of Health, Bule Hora University, Bule Hora, Ethiopia. FAU - Wodessa, Gelgelo AU - Wodessa G AD - School of Public Health, Institute of Health, Bule Hora University, Bule Hora, Ethiopia. FAU - Mengistie, Muluken Belachew AU - Mengistie MB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0606-9477 AD - Department of Health Informatics, College of Medicine and Health Science, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260610 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Zambia MH - Humans MH - *Machine Learning MH - Boosting Machine Learning Algorithms MH - Random Forest MH - *Defecation MH - Predictive Learning Models MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Classification Algorithms MH - Prediction Algorithms MH - Spatial Analysis PMC - PMC13252813 COIS- The authors declare that there are no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/11 05:39 MHDA- 2026/06/15 11:31 PMCR- 2026/06/10 CRDT- 2026/06/10 13:43 PHST- 2026/03/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/15 11:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/11 05:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/10 13:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-26-11222 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0350923 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 Jun 10;21(6):e0350923. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0350923. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42268692 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260612 LR - 20260624 IS - 1938-2359 (Electronic) IS - 0090-4481 (Linking) VI - 55 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Risks and Benefits of Social Media on Adolescent Health. PG - e222-e228 LID - 10.3928/19382359-20260223-02 [doi] AB - Adolescents increasingly construct aspects of their identity and form relationships by interacting on social media; yet, clinical frameworks lag behind technological change. This review synthesizes recent evidence on how platform design, usage patterns, and individual differences influence both benefits and harms. Problematic use is associated with sleep disturbance, mood and attention disorders, body image concerns, cyberbul-lying, and exposure to self-harm content, with disproportionate burdens for female patients and youth who are marginalized. Meanwhile, online communities can foster connection, coping, and help seeking, particularly for adolescents facing stigma or isolation. We propose a structured, developmentally informed workflow incorporating brief screening, targeted use of validated tools, and collaborative family media planning. Rather than centering total screen time, we emphasize function-focused, harm-reduction approaches to harness digital platforms as a tool for adolescent health. FAU - Sellars, Suzanna E AU - Sellars SE AD - Department of Pediatrics, Craig Dalsimer Division of Adolescent Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. FAU - Kabra, Rashi AU - Kabra R AD - Department of Pediatrics, Craig Dalsimer Division of Adolescent Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260601 PL - United States TA - Pediatr Ann JT - Pediatric annals JID - 0356657 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Humans MH - *Adolescent Behavior/psychology MH - *Adolescent Health MH - *Digital Media MH - *Media Exposure MH - *Social Media COIS- Disclosure: SES has received support for attending meetings and travel from Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) GME (Graduate Medical Education) and Leadership and Education in Adolescent Health Program at CHOP. RK has received support for attending meetings and travel from CHOP. EDAT- 2026/06/11 05:39 MHDA- 2026/06/13 00:40 CRDT- 2026/06/10 12:04 PHST- 2026/06/13 00:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/11 05:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/10 12:04 [entrez] AID - 10.3928/19382359-20260223-02 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pediatr Ann. 2026 Jun;55(6):e222-e228. doi: 10.3928/19382359-20260223-02. Epub 2026 Jun 1. PMID- 42268165 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261005 LR - 20261005 IS - 1878-2620 (Electronic) IS - 1499-4046 (Linking) VI - 58 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Development and Application of the Paced Bottle-Feeding Checklist. PG - 997-1004 LID - S1499-4046(26)00105-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jneb.2026.04.012 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Characterize the paced bottle-feeding (PBF) Checklist, evaluate its preliminary reliability and validity, and examine associations between PBF adherence, feeding practices, and sociodemographic characteristics. METHODS: Interrater reliability of the coding scheme was assessed using intraclass correlations from a secondary analysis of data from a within-subject experimental study of mother-infant feeding interactions. General linear models determined associations between PBF and key variables. RESULTS: Coders achieved good interrater reliability (intraclass correlation = 0.81). Paced bottle-feeding scores significantly higher during the PBF condition than in the typical bottle-feeding condition (P = 0.01). Scores associated with family income (P = 0.009) and federal assistance program participation (P < 0.001), with higher scores for mothers with higher income and those not participating in federal assistance programs. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: The checklist is a practical tool for clinical use, enabling tailored education for bottle-feeding families. Future research can explore its impact on infant growth trajectories and expand its use to other caregivers. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Richardson, Taylor N AU - Richardson TN AD - College of Nursing, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC. Electronic address: nelsonta22@ecu.edu. FAU - Kay, Melissa C AU - Kay MC AD - Department of Pediatrics and Epidemiology and Prevention, School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC. FAU - Ventura, Alison K AU - Ventura AK AD - Department of Kinesiology and Public Health and Center for Health Research, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260610 PL - United States TA - J Nutr Educ Behav JT - Journal of nutrition education and behavior JID - 101132622 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Bottle Feeding/methods/statistics & numerical data MH - *Checklist/methods MH - Infant MH - Female MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Mother-Child Relations MH - Adult MH - Mothers OTO - NOTNLM OT - bottle feeding OT - feeding behavior OT - infant food OT - parent-child relations COIS- Conflict of Interest Disclosure The authors have not stated any conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/10 11:43 MHDA- 2026/10/05 23:29 CRDT- 2026/06/10 10:29 PHST- 2025/01/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/05 23:29 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/10 11:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/10 10:29 [entrez] AID - S1499-4046(26)00105-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jneb.2026.04.012 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Nutr Educ Behav. 2026 Oct;58(10):997-1004. doi: 10.1016/j.jneb.2026.04.012. Epub 2026 Jun 10. PMID- 42267872 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260612 LR - 20260813 IS - 2639-8028 (Electronic) IS - 2639-8028 (Linking) VI - 8 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun 1 TI - Divergence Between Net Fluid and Weight-Based Evaluation in Calculating Cumulative Fluid Balance. PG - e1411 LID - 10.1097/CCE.0000000000001411 [doi] LID - e1411 AB - OBJECTIVE: Although efforts have been made to standardize fluid balance calculations in the ICU, there is a limited understanding of how different calculation methods relate to one another across an ICU admission. We quantified the agreement between the cumulative fluid balance calculated from fluid intake and output (CFBf) and cumulative fluid balance calculated from serial weights (CFBw) in critically ill children during the first week of ICU admission. DESIGN: Retrospective, multicenter, federated observational study. SETTING: Four pediatric medical-SICUs (PICU) and two pediatric cardiac ICUs (PCICU) from four tertiary care centers. PATIENTS: Analysis included 8,895 pediatric patients (younger than 19 yr) representing 12,388 ICU encounters from 2023 to 2024. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: A patient's anchor weight was the weight closest to ICU admission. CFBf and CFBw were calculated at the time of new weight measurements. We assessed agreement between CFBf and CFBw using Bland-Altman analyses, stratified by ICU day and patient subgroups (neonates, early anchor weights [weight on ICU day 0], and encounters with unmeasured urine occurrences). Across all units and subgroups, CFBf exceeded CFBw (mean difference: all patients = 4.7 %CFB, early anchor weight = 4.7 %CFB, neonates = 5.9 %CFB). The mean difference increased significantly over time (days 0-3: 2.7% vs. days 4-7: 8.1%, p < 0.05), with greater divergence in neonates and those with early anchor weights. CONCLUSIONS: CFBf consistently exceeded CFBw across all subgroups, with a greater divergence on ICU days 4-7. Clinicians should understand these differences, prioritizing early and frequent patient weights throughout ICU admission. Future studies should assess each method's association with patient outcomes to identify the most clinically informative CFB method. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the Society of Critical Care Medicine. FAU - Shinnick, Finley J AU - Shinnick FJ AD - Department of Pediatrics, Golisano Children's Hospital, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, NY. FAU - Hasson, Denise C AU - Hasson DC AD - Department of Pediatrics, Hassenfeld Children's Hospital at NYU Langone Health, New York, NY. FAU - Kothari, Ulka AU - Kothari U AD - Department of Pediatrics, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY. FAU - Shah, Ami AU - Shah A AD - Department of Pediatrics, Hassenfeld Children's Hospital at NYU Langone Health, New York, NY. FAU - Odum, James D AU - Odum JD AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL. FAU - Braun, Chloe G AU - Braun CG AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY. FAU - Dixon, Celeste G AU - Dixon CG AD - Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA. FAU - Fitzgerald, Julie C AU - Fitzgerald JC AD - Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA. FAU - Martin, Susan D AU - Martin SD AD - Department of Pediatrics, Golisano Children's Hospital, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, NY. FAU - Terry, Nina AU - Terry N AD - Department of Pediatrics, Golisano Children's Hospital, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, NY. FAU - Dziorny, Adam C AU - Dziorny AC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3392-2795 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Golisano Children's Hospital, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, NY. CN - Evidence-Driven Evaluation and Management of fluid Accumulation (EDEMA) Collaborative LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260610 PL - United States TA - Crit Care Explor JT - Critical care explorations JID - 101746347 SB - IM UOF - medRxiv. 2025 Nov 04:2025.10.22.25338544. doi: 10.1101/2025.10.22.25338544. PMID: 41282779 MH - Humans MH - *Water-Electrolyte Balance/physiology MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Critical Illness/therapy MH - Infant MH - Intensive Care Units, Pediatric MH - Male MH - Female MH - Child MH - *Body Weight/physiology MH - Child, Preschool MH - Infant, Newborn PMC - PMC13252996 OTO - NOTNLM OT - cumulative fluid balance OT - fluid balance assessment OT - fluid overload OT - pediatric intensive care unit COIS- The authors have disclosed that they do not have any potential conflicts of interest. FIR - Barbera, Andrew IR - Barbera A IRAD- (University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL). FIR - Clifford, Rebecca IR - Clifford R IRAD- (Nemours Children's Health, Wilmington, DE). FIR - Dapul, Heda M IR - Dapul HM IRAD- (NYU Langone Health, New York, NY). FIR - Fitts, Brittany IR - Fitts B IRAD- (Nemours Children's Health, Wilmington, DE). FIR - Gettelfinger, Jacquelyn IR - Gettelfinger J IRAD- (Norton Healthcare, Louisville, KY). FIR - Grey, Erin IR - Grey E IRAD- (Nemours Children's Health, Wilmington, DE). FIR - Hopwood, Andrew IR - Hopwood A IRAD- (UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC). FIR - Kavanaugh, Taylor IR - Kavanaugh T IRAD- (University of Louisville, Louisville, KY). FIR - Lapira, Jenna IR - Lapira J IRAD- (Nemours Children's Health, Wilmington, DE). FIR - Levenbrown, Yosef IR - Levenbrown Y IRAD- (Nemours Children's Health, Wilmington, DE). FIR - Martinez, Michael IR - Martinez M IRAD- (NYU Langone Health, New York, NY). FIR - Weiss, Scott IR - Weiss S IRAD- (Nemours Children's Health, Wilmington, DE). FIR - Weyback, Caroline IR - Weyback C IRAD- (NYU Langone Health, New York, NY). FIR - Williams, Allison IR - Williams A IRAD- (University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL). EDAT- 2026/06/10 11:44 MHDA- 2026/06/13 00:38 PMCR- 2026/06/10 CRDT- 2026/06/10 09:33 PHST- 2026/06/13 00:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/10 11:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/10 09:33 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 02107256-202606000-00015 [pii] AID - CCE-D-26-00047 [pii] AID - 10.1097/CCE.0000000000001411 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Crit Care Explor. 2026 Jun 10;8(6):e1411. doi: 10.1097/CCE.0000000000001411. eCollection 2026 Jun 1. PMID- 42267217 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260610 LR - 20260813 IS - 2071-9736 (Electronic) IS - 1025-9848 (Print) IS - 1025-9848 (Linking) VI - 31 DP - 2026 TI - Prevalence of overweight, obesity and central adiposity among grade seven adolescents in urban Tshwane, South Africa. PG - 3328 LID - 10.4102/hsag.v31i0.3328 [doi] LID - 3328 AB - BACKGROUND: The global increase in overweight and obesity among adolescents is a significant public health priority, especially in low- and middle-income countries. In South Africa, urbanisation and lifestyle changes have exacerbated this challenge, but there is a lack of disaggregated data available to inform effective local responses. AIM: To assess and describe the prevalence of overweight, obesity and central adiposity in Grade seven adolescents in urban Tshwane, South Africa, and explore its association with socioeconomic characteristics. SETTING: The study was conducted in five diverse fee-paying public primary schools in urban Tshwane, Gauteng province. METHODS: A quantitative, descriptive cross-sectional design recruited 164 adolescents aged 11-14 years. Anthropometric measures were performed according to World Health Organization (WHO) standards. These included a survey of height and weight to derive body mass index (BMI-for-age) z-scores, as well as waist circumference to height ratio (WHtR). Socioeconomic status was assessed using the validated Family Affluence Scale. Data analysis included descriptive statistics and chi-square tests to determine the association between categorical variables. RESULTS: The combined prevalence of overweight and obesity was 23.7%, with a greater burden among girls (36.4% of 12 year olds) compared to boys (16.7%). The risk of central adiposity (WHtR >/= 0.5) was found in 25% of participants, with 7.3% at very high risk. Household income was significantly associated with obesity (p = 0.043), while parental education was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: The high prevalence of excess adiposity, particularly among female adolescents, indicates an emerging cardiometabolic risk profile among the group. CONTRIBUTION: This study addresses a critical gap in South African public health literature by providing locally specific, disaggregated data on the nutritional status of urban adolescents in Tshwane, a cohort that is underrepresented in contrast to conventional rural or national surveys. CI - (c) 2026. The Authors. FAU - Mokose, Nonie M AU - Mokose NM AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-8300-0869 AD - Department of Sustainable Food Systems and Development, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa. FAU - Swanepoel, Jan W AU - Swanepoel JW AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0812-2657 AD - Department of Sustainable Food Systems and Development, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa. FAU - Oldewage-Theron, Wilna AU - Oldewage-Theron W AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8975-5693 AD - Department of Sustainable Food Systems and Development, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260526 PL - South Africa TA - Health SA JT - Health SA = SA Gesondheid JID - 101213385 PMC - PMC13243840 OTO - NOTNLM OT - South Africa OT - Urban health OT - adolescent obesity OT - central adiposity OT - overweight OT - socioeconomic status COIS- The authors declare that they have no financial or personal relationships that may have inappropriately influenced them in writing this article. EDAT- 2026/06/10 06:52 MHDA- 2026/06/10 06:53 PMCR- 2026/05/26 CRDT- 2026/06/10 04:45 PHST- 2025/11/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/10 06:53 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/10 06:52 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/10 04:45 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - HSAG-31-3328 [pii] AID - 10.4102/hsag.v31i0.3328 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Health SA. 2026 May 26;31:3328. doi: 10.4102/hsag.v31i0.3328. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42265933 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260808 LR - 20260903 IS - 1600-0412 (Electronic) IS - 0001-6349 (Print) IS - 0001-6349 (Linking) VI - 105 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Population-specific validation of fetal weight formulas: Evidence from a multicenter near-delivery cohort. PG - 1680-1688 LID - 10.1111/aogs.70278 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Accurate ultrasound estimated fetal weight (EFW) supports key perinatal decisions. This study aimed to compare the accuracy of a population-specific formula with that of a widely used global model in pregnancies examined near delivery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was a secondary analysis of a prospective Japanese cohort study to develop a new fetal ultrasound biometry reference chart. Fetal ultrasound measurements were obtained by Japan Society of Ultrasonics in Medicine-certified sonographers or under their supervision and submitted to the coordinating center, where EFW was calculated using the Shinozuka and Hadlock-3 formulas. Analyses were restricted to cases with EFW available from both formulas. The primary analysis included examinations within 7 days before delivery; a sensitivity analysis restricted the interval to /= 2 mL.kg(-)(1).d(-)(1)), limiting early drain removal or selective omission under close monitoring. This study aimed to develop and validate an intuitive preoperative nomogram using readily available clinical indicators (e.g., cyst diameter, age) to predict high-drainage risk after robot-assisted RYHJ and support individualized drainage management. METHODS: This single-center retrospective cohort study enrolled 129 children with CDC who underwent da Vinci robot-assisted RYHJ. Based on weight-adjusted daily drain output, patients were divided into low-drainage (< 2 mL.kg(-)(1).d(-)(1), n = 30) and high-drainage (>/= 2 mL.kg(-)(1).d(-)(1), n = 99) groups. Potential predictors were identified via univariate and multivariate logistic regression and incorporated into a nomogram. Model performance was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and calibration plots. RESULTS: Multivariate analysis identified younger age as an independent predictor of high drainage output (OR = 0.983, 95% CI: 0.972-0.994), and larger cyst diameter as a potential predictor showing a trend toward association (OR = 1.321, 95% CI: 0.979-1.783). The final nomogram, incorporating cyst diameter, age, body mass index (BMI), hemoglobin (HGB), and globulin (GLB), showed good discrimination (AUC = 0.753) and calibration. The optimal risk threshold was 79.88%, yielding a specificity of 75.9%, and, using an optimal threshold, identifies low-risk patients suitable for early drain removal protocols to guide individualized drainage management. CONCLUSION: We have developed and validated a nomogram model based on "cyst diameter + age" (supplemented by BMI, HGB, and GLB) that enables noninvasive, precise assessment of high-drainage risk following robot-assisted RYHJ. Notably, the model identifies a low-risk subset-older children with smaller cysts-for whom early drain removal (e.g., within 24-48 h) is safe, and in whom selective drain omission could be prospectively evaluated under rigorous monitoring. This risk-stratified approach has the potential to reduce drain-related complications and optimize ERAS pathways following robot-assisted RYHJ. As this is an internal validation only, external validation in independent cohorts is warranted before clinical implementation. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Zhang, Jing AU - Zhang J AD - Department of Hepatobiliary and Oncology Surgery, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China. FAU - You, Tao AU - You T AD - Medical Department, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China. FAU - Qin, Xinke AU - Qin X AD - Department of Hepatobiliary and Oncology Surgery, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China. FAU - Liang, Chong AU - Liang C AD - Department of Hepatobiliary and Oncology Surgery, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China. FAU - Zhu, Zhenchuang AU - Zhu Z AD - Department of Hepatobiliary and Oncology Surgery, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China. FAU - Liu, Xin AU - Liu X AD - Department of Hepatobiliary and Oncology Surgery, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China. FAU - Ji, Siqi AU - Ji S AD - Department of Hepatobiliary and Oncology Surgery, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China. FAU - He, Xiaoqiong AU - He X AD - Department of Hepatobiliary and Oncology Surgery, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China. FAU - Duan, Xufei AU - Duan X AD - Department of Hepatobiliary and Oncology Surgery, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China. FAU - Yan, Xueqiang AU - Yan X AD - Department of Hepatobiliary and Oncology Surgery, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China. yanxueqiang1@163.com. LA - eng GR - 2025FEYJS005/the Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases in Children/ PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260610 PL - England TA - BMC Surg JT - BMC surgery JID - 100968567 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Nomograms MH - *Choledochal Cyst/surgery/pathology MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Drainage MH - Infant MH - Female MH - *Anastomosis, Roux-en-Y/methods MH - Male MH - Child, Preschool MH - Child MH - *Robotic Surgical Procedures MH - *Postoperative Complications/etiology MH - *Jejunostomy/methods MH - Age Factors PMC - PMC13474786 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Choledochal cyst (CDC) OT - Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) OT - High drainage output OT - Nomogram OT - Pediatric surgery OT - Robot-assisted Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy (RYHJ) COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Wuhan Children's Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (Approval No. 2024R030-E01). Owing to the retrospective design of the study, the need for informed consent was waived. Owing to the retrospective design of the study, the need for informed consent was waived by the ethics committee of Wuhan Children's Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology. The study was conducted according to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Consent for publication: Not Applicable. This is a retrospective study. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/10 06:54 MHDA- 2026/08/14 05:38 PMCR- 2026/06/10 CRDT- 2026/06/10 00:10 PHST- 2025/11/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/14 05:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/10 06:54 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/10 00:10 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12893-026-03912-1 [pii] AID - 3912 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12893-026-03912-1 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Surg. 2026 Jun 10;26(1):543. doi: 10.1186/s12893-026-03912-1. PMID- 42264793 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260612 LR - 20260612 IS - 1532-9283 (Electronic) IS - 1360-8592 (Linking) VI - 47 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Kinetic-functional assessment of the adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a cohort study. PG - 199-204 LID - S1360-8592(26)00051-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jbmt.2026.03.036 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: It is estimated that 1 to 3% of the world's population is diagnosed with idiopathic scoliosis, with a higher prevalence in females and a higher index of curves in the right thoracic region. Diagnosis and clinical follow-up are based on radiographic analysis and measurement of the Cobb angle, which is considered the gold standard for classifying scoliotic severity. OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the applicability and feasibility of the kinetic-functional examination in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, considering the main functional tests described in the literature. METHODS: It was a cross-sectional, quantitative cohort study (CAAE xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx) involving individuals of both sexes, aged between 10 and 14 years, who had a diagnosis of idiopathic scoliosis of the adolescent confirmed by radiographic examination (Cobb angle between 10 degrees and 50 degrees ). Statistical significance was set p < 0.05. RESULTS: A total of 157 individuals participated in the study, 77.7% were female and 57.9% were considered underweight according to body mass index. Regarding the degree of severity of the curve, 61.8% of the adolescents had a moderate scoliotic curve. A trend towards a reduction in spine flexibility was observed as the severity of the curvature increased, especially in mild and moderate curves, while the strength tests showed negative values, with no marked differences between the severity groups. CONCLUSION: The standardized application of functional tests ensures reliability and reproducibility of the results, and ensures the patient's performance, reducing biases, favoring clinical validity and assisting in the accurate identification of functional deficits. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Silva, Darlan Gonzaga da AU - Silva DGD AD - State University of Bahia (UNEB), Salvador, BA, Brazil. Electronic address: darlagfisio@gmail.com. FAU - Nascimento, Lara Galvao AU - Nascimento LG AD - Scoliosis Rehabilitation Clinical Center, Bahia, BA, Brazil. Electronic address: laragalvao26@gmail.com. FAU - da Silva, Beatriz Cerqueira AU - da Silva BC AD - Scoliosis Rehabilitation Clinical Center, Bahia, BA, Brazil. Electronic address: beatrizcerqueira.fisio@gmail.com. FAU - Andrade, Rodrigo Mantelatto AU - Andrade RM AD - Scoliosis Rehabilitation Clinical Center, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: rodrigoandradefisioterapia@gmail.com. FAU - Paineiras-Domingos, Laisa Liane AU - Paineiras-Domingos LL AD - Postgraduate Program in Medicine and Health, Faculty of Medicine of Bahia, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, Brazil. Electronic address: laisa.liane@ufba.br. FAU - Lessa, Paulo Itamar Ferraz AU - Lessa PIF AD - State University of Bahia (UNEB), Salvador, BA, Brazil; Scoliosis Rehabilitation Clinical Center, Bahia, BA, Brazil. Electronic address: plessa@uneb.br. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260401 PL - United States TA - J Bodyw Mov Ther JT - Journal of bodywork and movement therapies JID - 9700068 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Scoliosis/physiopathology/diagnosis MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Child MH - Male MH - Cohort Studies MH - Range of Motion, Articular/physiology MH - Severity of Illness Index MH - Muscle Strength/physiology MH - Spine/physiopathology MH - Body Mass Index OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis OT - Flexibility OT - Functional tests OT - Mobility OT - Muscle strength COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/06/10 06:52 MHDA- 2026/06/12 18:40 CRDT- 2026/06/09 21:02 PHST- 2026/02/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/12 18:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/10 06:52 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/09 21:02 [entrez] AID - S1360-8592(26)00051-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jbmt.2026.03.036 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2026 Jul;47:199-204. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2026.03.036. Epub 2026 Apr 1. PMID- 42263736 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260918 LR - 20260918 IS - 1938-2480 (Electronic) IS - 1538-8506 (Linking) VI - 39 IP - 12 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Comparison of Long-Term Tunnel Widening in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using Allograft and Hamstring Autograft: More Than 10 Years' Mean Follow-Up. PG - 654-661 LID - 10.1055/a-2886-8283 [doi] AB - Bone tunnel widening following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is a well-recognized radiological phenomenon with multifactorial etiology. While concerns have been raised regarding potentially greater tunnel enlargement with allografts due to immune-mediated responses, evidence remains inconsistent. This study compared long-term femoral and tibial tunnel widening between hamstring autograft and allograft reconstruction at a mean follow-up exceeding 10 years. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 60 patients who underwent primary ACLR between 2011 and 2016 by a single surgeon. Group I consisted of 29 patients receiving soft tissue allografts (Achilles, tibialis anterior, or peroneus longus tendons), while Group II included 31 patients with four-strand hamstring autografts. All procedures utilized identical fixation: adjustable-loop suspension device (femur) and bioabsorbable interference screw with tibial staple. Patients with previous knee surgery, re-rupture, clinical graft failure, concomitant ligament procedures, or significant chondral lesions were excluded. Computed tomography scans at final follow-up (mean: 10.7 years) were analyzed using standardized oblique reformatted sections perpendicular to tunnel axes. Six measurements per tunnel (three levels x two planes) were averaged. Tunnel widening was expressed as absolute change (Deltamm) and percentage relative to intraoperative drill bit diameter. Two blinded orthopedic surgeons performed independent measurements. Statistical analysis included Mann-Whitney U test, analysis of covariance adjusted for body mass index (BMI) and follow-up duration, categorical threshold analysis, and correlation analysis with Bonferroni correction. No significant differences were observed between groups for tibial widening (allograft 2.07 +/- 1.75 mm vs. autograft 2.31 +/- 1.72 mm, p = 0.500) or femoral widening (1.73 +/- 1.48 mm vs. 2.30 +/- 1.63 mm, p = 0.157). After adjustment for BMI and follow-up duration, between-group differences remained nonsignificant (all adjusted p > 0.0125 after Bonferroni correction). Categorical distribution across predefined thresholds showed similar patterns. Initial tunnel diameter inversely correlated with tibial percentage widening (r =-0.373, p = 0.003). Interobserver reliability was excellent (intraclass correlation coefficient: 0.89-0.92). At long-term follow-up, allograft and hamstring autograft demonstrated comparable tunnel widening patterns, suggesting graft selection should prioritize clinical factors beyond tunnel enlargement concerns. CI - Thieme. All rights reserved. FAU - Ipek, Enver AU - Ipek E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6205-1207 AD - Istanbul Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Turkey. FAU - Altuntas, Yusuf AU - Altuntas Y AD - Istanbul Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Turkey. FAU - Balkanli, Bahadir AU - Balkanli B AD - Istanbul Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Turkey. FAU - Yuksel, Mehmet Alp AU - Yuksel MA AD - Istanbul Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Turkey. FAU - Akbas, Harun AU - Akbas H AD - Istanbul Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Turkey. FAU - Eren, Osman Tugrul AU - Eren OT AD - Istanbul Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260609 PL - Germany TA - J Knee Surg JT - The journal of knee surgery JID - 101137599 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction/methods MH - Female MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - *Hamstring Tendons/transplantation MH - Adult MH - Allografts MH - Male MH - Autografts MH - *Tibia/surgery/diagnostic imaging MH - Transplantation, Autologous MH - *Femur/surgery/diagnostic imaging MH - *Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries/surgery MH - Young Adult MH - Tomography, X-Ray Computed MH - Transplantation, Homologous MH - Adolescent COIS- The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/10 06:52 MHDA- 2026/09/18 23:36 CRDT- 2026/06/09 19:03 PHST- 2026/09/18 23:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/10 06:52 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/09 19:03 [entrez] AID - 10.1055/a-2886-8283 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Knee Surg. 2026 Oct;39(12):654-661. doi: 10.1055/a-2886-8283. Epub 2026 Jun 9. PMID- 42261973 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260625 LR - 20260821 IS - 2153-2176 (Electronic) IS - 2153-2168 (Print) IS - 2153-2168 (Linking) VI - 22 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Family-Based Behavioral Treatment for Childhood Obesity Adapted to Align with the MOHealthNet Medicaid Benefit: Results of the Missouri Childhood Obesity Research Demonstration Study. PG - 211-222 LID - 10.1177/21532176261450310 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: This study leveraged a novel Missouri Medicaid (MOHealthNet) benefit to adapt and implement evidence-based family-based behavioral treatment (FBT) within health care settings in alignment with policy requirements. METHODS: In a nonrandomized matched-comparison trial, 108 parent-child dyads participated in FBT, and 92 dyads attended at least one session. Licensed Clinical Social Workers or Registered Dietitian Nutritionists offered 26-33 FBT hours delivered virtually over 6-12 months to Medicaid-insured patients in an urban and rural pediatric health system in Missouri. The matched-comparison group included 186 participants. The Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance framework (RE-AIM) framework was used to evaluate effectiveness (primary) and reach (secondary) and explore adoption, implementation, and maintenance. RESULTS: Children in the FBT group reduced their percent over median body mass index (BMI) compared with the matched comparison group (mean reduction: -3.9 +/- 1.4, d = -0.42). Within the FBT group, participants also demonstrated improvements in coping with teasing, health-related quality of life, and family health habits (all p < 0.05). Families rated the program as highly acceptable. Reach data indicated enrolled patients had similar BMI, sex, and ethnic backgrounds compared with eligible but non-enrolled patients (ps > 0.301). CONCLUSIONS: Data demonstrate the feasibility of adopting and implementing FBT within health care systems and inform efforts to support maintenance. FBT reached a diverse population of families receiving Medicaid in pediatric primary care settings and was associated with greater improvements in youth weight outcomes compared with a matched comparison group. Adaptations made to align with the benefit may have reduced the magnitude of effects; however, this policy provides an opportunity to deliver FBT within primary care settings and expand access. FAU - Dreyer Gillette, Meredith L AU - Dreyer Gillette ML AD - Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles & Nutrition, Children's Mercy Kansas City, University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA. FAU - Button, Alyssa M AU - Button AM AD - Children's Hospital of Richmond, Healthy Lifestyles Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. FAU - Staiano, Amanda E AU - Staiano AE AD - Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA. FAU - Nelson, Lisa C AU - Nelson LC AD - Freeman Health System, Joplin, MO, USA. FAU - Carlson, Jordan A AU - Carlson JA AD - Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles & Nutrition, Children's Mercy Hospital, Children's Mercy Kansas City, University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA. FAU - Dean, Kelsey M AU - Dean KM AD - Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles & Nutrition, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA. FAU - Bullard, Sarah E AU - Bullard SE AD - Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA. FAU - Monocello, Lawrence T AU - Monocello LT AD - Department of Anthropology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA. FAU - Beyl, Robbie AU - Beyl R AD - Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA. FAU - Welch, R Robinson AU - Welch RR AD - Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA. FAU - Hampl, Sarah E AU - Hampl SE AD - Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles & Nutrition, Children's Mercy Kansas City, University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA. FAU - Wilfley, Denise E AU - Wilfley DE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3599-8689 AD - Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA. CN - MO CORD Research Group LA - eng GR - T32 HL130357/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - U18 DP006425/DP/NCCDPHP CDC HHS/United States GR - P30 DK072476/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - U54 GM104940/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States GR - UL1 TR002345/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260609 PL - United States TA - Child Obes JT - Childhood obesity (Print) JID - 101542497 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Medicaid MH - Female MH - Male MH - Missouri/epidemiology MH - United States MH - Child MH - *Pediatric Obesity/therapy/psychology MH - *Behavior Therapy/methods MH - *Family Therapy/methods MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13372312 MID - NIHMS2178626 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Medicaid OT - adoption OT - behavioral health OT - family-based treatment OT - obesity treatment OT - reach COIS- Author Disclosure StatementNo competing financial interests exist. EDAT- 2026/06/09 12:49 MHDA- 2026/06/25 06:37 PMCR- 2026/07/15 CRDT- 2026/06/09 08:03 PHST- 2026/06/25 06:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/09 12:49 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/09 08:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1177/21532176261450310 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Child Obes. 2026 Jun;22(4):211-222. doi: 10.1177/21532176261450310. Epub 2026 Jun 9. PMID- 42260866 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260613 LR - 20260813 IS - 1536-5964 (Electronic) IS - 0025-7974 (Print) IS - 0025-7974 (Linking) VI - 105 IP - 23 DP - 2026 Jun 5 TI - Causal link between maternal PCOS and fetal/neonatal hemorrhagic and hematological disorders: A 2-sample MR study. PG - e49143 LID - 10.1097/MD.0000000000049143 [doi] LID - e49143 AB - Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders among women of reproductive age, affecting approximately 5 to 13% of this population. Beyond its reproductive implications, PCOS is frequently accompanied by metabolic and psychological disturbances, including obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes, and depressive symptoms. Increasing evidence suggests that genetic liability to PCOS may be associated with adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes; however, whether these associations reflect causal relationships remains uncertain. In this study, we conducted a 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to evaluate the potential association between genetically predicted PCOS liability and fetal or neonatal hemorrhagic and hematologic disorders. Genetic instruments for PCOS were obtained from large-scale genome-wide association studies, and outcome data were derived from the FinnGen consortium. The inverse variance weighted method served as the primary estimator, complemented by MR-Egger regression and weighted median approaches, along with multiple sensitivity analyses to assess heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy. The inverse variance weighted analysis indicated a statistically significant association between genetically predicted PCOS and an increased risk of fetal or neonatal hemorrhagic and hematologic disorders (odds ratio = 1.80; 95% confidence interval, 1.11-2.91). Although complementary MR methods did not reach statistical significance, the direction of effect was consistent across estimators, and no evidence of heterogeneity or directional pleiotropy was detected. Taken together, these findings provide genetic epidemiological evidence supporting a potential causal effect between genetic liability to PCOS and adverse fetal or neonatal hemorrhagic and hematologic disorders, warranting further validation through prospective clinical and mechanistic studies. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. FAU - Yang, Chunyan AU - Yang C AD - Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China. AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai, Hebei, China. FAU - Song, Wenhui AU - Song W AD - Institute of Reproductive Medicine of Shijiazhuang, The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Gynecology and Obstetrics Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China. FAU - Lu, Kaosheng AU - Lu K AD - Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China. AD - Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The General Hospital of Jizhong Energy Xingtai Mining Group, Xingtai, Hebei, China. FAU - Dang, Wei AU - Dang W AD - Medical Research Center, Xingtai Medical College, Xingtai, Hebei, China. FAU - Feng, Jinhui AU - Feng J AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai, Hebei, China. FAU - Li, Yalin AU - Li Y AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai, Hebei, China. FAU - Li, Ling AU - Li L AD - Department of Neonatology, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai, Hebei, China. FAU - Zhang, Fengchao AU - Zhang F AD - Department of Emergency Medicine, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai, Hebei, China. FAU - Liu, Lingjuan AU - Liu L AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ninth Hospital of Xingtail, Xingtai, Hebei, China. FAU - Wu, Xiaohua AU - Wu X AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5661-5085 AD - Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China. AD - Institute of Reproductive Medicine of Shijiazhuang, The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Gynecology and Obstetrics Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China. LA - eng GR - H2021106030/Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province in China/ GR - 2020ZC156/Self-financing project of Xingtai Key Research and Development Program/ GR - 20221876/Health Commission Research Fund Project of Hebei Province in China/ PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Medicine (Baltimore) JT - Medicine JID - 2985248R SB - IM MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Pregnancy MH - *Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/genetics/complications MH - Mendelian Randomization Analysis MH - *Hematologic Diseases/genetics/epidemiology/etiology MH - Genome-Wide Association Study MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Genetic Predisposition to Disease MH - *Hemorrhagic Disorders/genetics MH - *Fetal Diseases/genetics/epidemiology MH - Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide PMC - PMC13246132 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Fetal and neonatal hematologic disorders OT - Genetic epidemiology OT - Genetic liability OT - Mendelian randomization OT - Perinatal outcomes OT - Placental dysfunction OT - Polycystic ovary syndrome COIS- The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose. EDAT- 2026/06/09 06:36 MHDA- 2026/06/13 06:39 PMCR- 2026/06/05 CRDT- 2026/06/09 01:01 PHST- 2025/10/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/13 06:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/09 06:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/09 01:01 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 00005792-202606050-00075 [pii] AID - MD-D-25-14050 [pii] AID - 10.1097/MD.0000000000049143 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Medicine (Baltimore). 2026 Jun 5;105(23):e49143. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000049143. PMID- 42260383 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260813 LR - 20260815 IS - 2731-4553 (Electronic) IS - 2731-4553 (Linking) VI - 27 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 8 TI - Barriers and facilitators of implementing cardiovascular health assessment in children and adolescents in primary care settings in Malaysia: a qualitative study. LID - 10.1186/s12875-026-03414-2 [doi] LID - 302 AB - BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in Malaysia, with risk factors emerging in childhood. The American Heart Association's Life's Essential 8 defines cardiovascular health (CVH) through eight factors: diet, physical activity, nicotine exposure, sleep, body mass index, blood pressure, cholesterol, and glucose. While CVH assessment in primary care is critical for long-term CVD prevention, insights from low- and middle-income countries, including Malaysia, remain limited. This study aimed to explore the barriers and facilitators of implementing CVH assessment in children and adolescents in the Malaysian primary care settings. METHODS: We conducted a qualitative study using semi-structured interviews with policymakers, healthcare professionals (HCPs), adolescents (12-18 years), and parents of children (5-11 years). Data were analysed using directed content analysis guided by the Tailored Implementation for Chronic Diseases (TICD) framework. RESULTS: Interviews with 51 participants identified multilevel barriers across system, provider, and patient levels. Policymakers and HCPs highlighted limited school health and primary care capacity, resource constraints, insufficient paediatric-specific training, and fragmented care coordination. HCPs perspectives reflected variation in perceived feasibility, with some expressing concerns regarding implementation complexity and competing priorities. Parents and adolescents reported a low perceived need for screening, fear of procedures, and stigma. Facilitators included alignment with existing adolescent health programmes, perceived feasibility when integrated into existing workflows, and opportunities for task-sharing and community engagement, although these were often dependent on local resources and coordination. CONCLUSIONS: Implementation of CVH assessment is shaped by interacting system-, provider-, and patient-level factors within a broader healthcare orientation. Supporting implementation requires enhancing paediatric-specific training, enabling task-shifting, and integrating CVH assessment into routine workflows. Improved referral pathways, care coordination, and integration into existing adolescent health programmes may further facilitate uptake in primary care. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Chuah, Carmen Jia Wen AU - Chuah CJW AD - Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. FAU - Lim, Hooi Min AU - Lim HM AD - Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. hmlim@ummc.edu.my. FAU - Jalaludin, Muhammad Yazid AU - Jalaludin MY AD - Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. FAU - Ng, Chirk Jenn AU - Ng CJ AD - Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. AD - Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Centre for Population Health Research and Implementation, SingHealth Regional Health System, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Tong, Wen Ting AU - Tong WT AD - Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. FAU - Tan, Wooi Hang AU - Tan WH AD - Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. FAU - Ho, Bee Kiau AU - Ho BK AD - Bandar Botanic Health Clinic, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Klang, Selangor, Malaysia. FAU - Leong, Yin Hui AU - Leong YH AD - Setapak Health Clinic, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. FAU - Jessen, Neusa AU - Jessen N AD - Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique. FAU - Patil, Shailaja AU - Patil S AD - Department of Community Medicine, Sri B.M.Patil Medicalcollege, BLDE (Deemed to be) University, Vijayapur, Karnataka, India. FAU - Labarthe, Darwin R AU - Labarthe DR AD - National Forum for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention, Washington DC, USA. LA - eng GR - 1029/The Northwestern Institute for Global Health Catalyzer Research Fund/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260608 PL - England TA - BMC Prim Care JT - BMC primary care JID - 9918300889006676 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - *Primary Health Care/organization & administration MH - *Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control/diagnosis MH - Malaysia MH - Male MH - Female MH - Qualitative Research MH - Child, Preschool MH - Parents MH - Risk Factors PMC - PMC13471333 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescents OT - Barriers OT - Cardiovascular health OT - Children OT - Facilitators OT - Implementation science OT - Primordial prevention OT - Risk factors COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical approval was obtained from the Medical Research and Ethics Committee (MREC), Ministry of Health Malaysia (NMRR ID-23-01593-IDO). All procedures involving human participants were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committee and with the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/09 06:34 MHDA- 2026/08/13 05:35 PMCR- 2026/06/08 CRDT- 2026/06/09 00:04 PHST- 2025/11/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/13 05:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/09 06:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/09 00:04 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12875-026-03414-2 [pii] AID - 3414 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12875-026-03414-2 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Prim Care. 2026 Jun 8;27(1):302. doi: 10.1186/s12875-026-03414-2. PMID- 42260192 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260613 LR - 20260726 IS - 1433-7339 (Electronic) IS - 0941-4355 (Print) IS - 0941-4355 (Linking) VI - 34 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jun 9 TI - Food insecurity, dietary quality, and cardiovascular risk among early childhood cancer survivors. LID - 10.1007/s00520-026-10870-0 [doi] LID - 631 AB - PURPOSE: Childhood cancer survivors (CCS) have 7-times higher risk of cardiovascular mortality than the general population, highlighting the importance of addressing modifiable cardiovascular risk factors. In this study, we aimed to quantify the prevalence of food and nutrition insecurity-known cardiovascular risk factors-among a single-center cohort of early CCS, and explore these factors as drivers of adverse CCS dietary and cardiovascular outcomes. METHODS: Children aged < 18 years and < 1 year off-therapy were enrolled at a quaternary pediatric cancer center. Parents/guardians of participants completed an electronic survey including validated measures of food and nutrition insecurity and dietary quality, measured with the Rapid Prime Dietary Quality Score Screener. Therapeutic (anthracycline or radiation exposure) and clinical cardiovascular risk factors (overweight/obesity, elevated blood pressure, dyslipidemia, or prediabetes/diabetes) were abstracted from the medical record. We descriptively summarized food insecurity prevalence, dietary quality, and cardiovascular risk and examined associations using univariate and multivariable logistic and linear regression analyses. RESULTS: Among 115 enrolled participants with a mean age 8.3 years and mean 5.3 months from end of therapy, 27% (n = 31) lived in food-insecure households and 33% (n = 38) had nutrition insecurity. Mean dietary quality was 27.6/52 (SD 5.3). Participants in food-insecure households experienced significantly lower dietary quality compared to food-secure households on univariate analysis (25.9 vs 28.2, p = 0.04); in multivariable analyses, this difference was not significant. Among the sub-cohort with available medical record abstraction data (n = 97), 84% (n = 81) had >/= 1 cardiovascular risk factor and 39% had >/= 2 risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: One in four early CCS lives with food insecurity. These children concurrently experience multiple cardiovascular risk factors and suboptimal dietary quality. Interventions targeting food and nutrition insecurity and other modifiable cardiovascular risk factors have potential to mitigate late effects and advance equity in survivorship outcomes. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Aziz-Bose, Rahela AU - Aziz-Bose R AD - Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, USA. rahela_aziz-bose@dfci.harvard.edu. AD - Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. rahela_aziz-bose@dfci.harvard.edu. AD - Division of Population Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA. rahela_aziz-bose@dfci.harvard.edu. FAU - Paul, Morgan A AU - Paul MA AD - Department of Data Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Lokko, Lucille AU - Lokko L AD - Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Jones, Emily AU - Jones E AD - Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Meng, Julie AU - Meng J AD - Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Fry, Callie AU - Fry C AD - Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, USA. AD - Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Kelly, Colleen A AU - Kelly CA AD - Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, USA. AD - Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. AD - Division of Population Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Umaretiya, Puja J AU - Umaretiya PJ AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA. FAU - Duhaney, Leanne AU - Duhaney L AD - Division of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Kenney, Lisa B AU - Kenney LB AD - Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, USA. AD - Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. AD - Division of Population Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Zhang, Fang Fang AU - Zhang FF AD - Friedman School of Nutrition and Public Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Bona, Kira AU - Bona K AD - Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, USA. AD - Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. AD - Division of Population Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA. LA - eng GR - T32 CA136432/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260609 PL - Germany TA - Support Care Cancer JT - Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer JID - 9302957 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Food Insecurity MH - Male MH - Female MH - Child MH - Heart Disease Risk Factors MH - *Cancer Survivors/statistics & numerical data MH - *Diet/standards/statistics & numerical data MH - *Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology/etiology MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Neoplasms/therapy MH - Infant MH - Cohort Studies MH - Adolescent MH - Risk Factors MH - Prevalence PMC - PMC13384394 MID - NIHMS2190528 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cardiovascular disease OT - Childhood cancer survivors OT - Food insecurity OT - Nutrition insecurity OT - Social determinants of health COIS- Declarations. Ethics Approval: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Institutional Review Board of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (protocol DFCI 23-398). Consent to participate: Informed consent was obtained from all study participants, with a waiver of written documentation of informed consent. Consent to publish: N/A Role of the Funder: The funders did not play a role in the design of the study; the collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data; the writing of the manuscript; or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/09 00:34 MHDA- 2026/06/13 06:39 PMCR- 2027/06/09 CRDT- 2026/06/08 23:33 PHST- 2026/03/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/13 06:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/09 00:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/08 23:33 [entrez] PHST- 2027/06/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s00520-026-10870-0 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00520-026-10870-0 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Support Care Cancer. 2026 Jun 9;34(7):631. doi: 10.1007/s00520-026-10870-0. PMID- 42259585 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260609 LR - 20260624 IS - 1756-1833 (Electronic) IS - 0959-8138 (Linking) VI - 393 DP - 2026 Jun 8 TI - Advances in the management of ADHD in children and adolescents. PG - e082507 LID - 10.1136/bmj-2024-082507 [doi] AB - This review synthesizes evidence on managing attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents, focusing on studies published between 2019 and 2025. Recent research supports a dimensional, pleiotropic model of ADHD characterized by heterogeneity, developmental fluctuation, and frequent comorbidity. ADHD is a chronic, fluctuating condition, underscoring the need for sustained and individualized care. Diagnostic strategies favor semi-structured interviews over rating scales, with neuroimaging or biological tests offering limited diagnostic utility. Neuropsychological testing situates symptoms within broader cognitive developmental profiles. Psychosocial interventions-particularly behavioral parent training, school focused interventions, and cognitive behavioral therapy-produce small but meaningful improvements in functioning, with outcomes strongly shaped by rater, expectancy, and context. Lifestyle interventions targeting physical activity and sleep show modest adjunctive benefits. Cognitive training does not generalize beyond trained tasks, and effects on neurofeedback are predominantly non-specific and contextual. Digital tools are expanding, but few are rigorously validated. Pharmacological treatment remains central, with stimulants showing robust short term efficacy and non-stimulants providing effective second line options. Advances in titration strategies, formulation design, and pharmacogenetics support movement towards precision oriented and personalized prescribing. Overall, the evidence supports a multimodal, pragmatic approach to care aligned with current international guidelines. CI - Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions. FAU - Robaey, Philippe AU - Robaey P AD - Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada probaey@cheo.on.ca. AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - Rogers, Maria A AU - Rogers MA AD - Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada. AD - Department of Psychology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - Schachar, Russell J AU - Schachar RJ AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. AD - Department of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260608 PL - England TA - BMJ JT - BMJ (Clinical research ed.) JID - 8900488 RN - 0 (Central Nervous System Stimulants) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Humans MH - *Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis/therapy MH - Central Nervous System Stimulants/therapeutic use MH - Cognitive Behavioral Therapy/methods MH - Cognitive Training COIS- Competing interests: We have read and understood the BMJ policy on declaration of interests and declare the following interests: none. EDAT- 2026/06/09 00:34 MHDA- 2026/06/10 06:53 CRDT- 2026/06/08 20:52 PHST- 2026/06/10 06:53 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/09 00:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/08 20:52 [entrez] AID - 10.1136/bmj-2024-082507 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ. 2026 Jun 8;393:e082507. doi: 10.1136/bmj-2024-082507. PMID- 42259520 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260612 LR - 20260813 IS - 2190-6009 (Electronic) IS - 2190-5991 (Print) IS - 2190-5991 (Linking) VI - 17 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Diagnostic Utility of Muscle Ultrasound for Sarcopenia in Prader-Willi Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study. PG - e70326 LID - 10.1002/jcsm.70326 [doi] LID - e70326 AB - BACKGROUND: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is characterized by sarcopenic obesity; however, validated screening tools for muscle mass in clinical settings are lacking. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic utility of muscle ultrasound (US) for detecting low muscle mass in individuals with PWS. METHODS: This observational, cross-sectional study recruited 48 individuals with genetically confirmed PWS (International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision Code Q87.1) from a specialized clinic (October 2022-June 2024). Appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI) via dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) served as the primary outcome. Sarcopenia was defined based on Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 criteria. US predictors included muscle thickness (MT) of the rectus femoris (RF), vastus lateralis and gastrocnemius medialis (GM); pennation angle; and RF cross-sectional area (CSA). Analysis included Spearman's correlation (rho), multivariable linear regression (B) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. RESULTS: The cohort (n = 48; 47.9% women; median age 19.5 years, interquartile range [IQR] 12.3-26.8) had a 100% prevalence of obesity (median BMI 27.1 kg/m(2), IQR 22.2-31.4). All participants (100%) had a history of growth hormone treatment; 62.5% exhibited the deletion subtype. Low muscle mass was observed in 60.4% (n = 29), confirmed sarcopenia in 52.1% (n = 25) and severe sarcopenia (including low physical performance) in 20.8% (n = 10) participants. GM MT showed the strongest correlation with ASMI (rho = 0.689, p < 0.001, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.50-0.81), followed by RF CSA (rho = 0.587, p < 0.001). Multivariable regression identified GM MT as a significant independent predictor of ASMI (B = 0.957, p = 0.011) after adjusting for BMI (B = 0.128, p < 0.001), age (B = 0.020, p = 0.044) and sex (B = -0.376, p = 0.029; R(2) = 0.67). ROC analysis for detecting low muscle mass yielded an area under the curve for GM MT of 0.759 (95% CI 0.616-0.901, p = 0.003), with an optimal cut-off of 1.69 cm (sensitivity 86.2%, specificity 63.2%). CONCLUSIONS: Sarcopenia affects 52.1% of patients with PWS, with 20.8% meeting criteria for severe sarcopenia. Ultrasound of the gastrocnemius medialis is a valid, radiation-free predictor of skeletal muscle mass and serves as a practical diagnostic tool for sarcopenic obesity in PWS. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Yu, Luo-Hua AU - Yu LH AD - Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan. FAU - Wu, Hsin-Chi AU - Wu HC AD - Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan. AD - Department of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan. FAU - Tzeng, I-Shiang AU - Tzeng IS AD - Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan. FAU - Luo, Yan-Ting AU - Luo YT AD - Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan. FAU - Tsai, Li-Ping AU - Tsai LP AD - Department of Pediatrics, Heping Fuyou Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. AD - Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan. FAU - Chiu, Valeria AU - Chiu V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5170-2964 AD - Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan. AD - Department of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan. LA - eng GR - TCRD-TPE-112-28/Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation/ GR - TCRD-TPE-112-RT-5/Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation/ PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study PL - Germany TA - J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle JT - Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle JID - 101552883 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications MH - *Sarcopenia/etiology/diagnosis/diagnostic imaging MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Ultrasonography/methods MH - Male MH - *Muscle, Skeletal/diagnostic imaging MH - Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - Child PMC - PMC13246224 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Prader-Willi syndrome OT - body composition OT - sarcopenia OT - ultrasonography COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/09 00:33 MHDA- 2026/06/12 04:10 PMCR- 2026/06/08 CRDT- 2026/06/08 20:13 PHST- 2026/05/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/06/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/12 04:10 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/09 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/08 20:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JCSM70326 [pii] AID - 10.1002/jcsm.70326 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2026 Jun;17(3):e70326. doi: 10.1002/jcsm.70326. PMID- 42259208 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260724 LR - 20260724 IS - 1873-6297 (Electronic) IS - 0001-6918 (Linking) VI - 268 DP - 2026 Aug TI - A study on the impact of AI health monitoring devices on exercise persistence among physical education students. PG - 107176 LID - S0001-6918(26)00977-7 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.actpsy.2026.107176 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: This study investigates how the use motivations of AI health monitoring devices influence exercise persistence in physical education students, focusing on the mediating role of exercise enjoyment and exercise commitment. METHOD: The researchers conducted a survey among 764 Chinese university students using the Motivation for Use Scale, the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale, the Exercise Commitment Scale, and the Physical Exercise Adherence Scale. The proposed chain mediation model was subsequently tested and validated. RESULTS: (1) The use motivations of AI health monitoring devices show a significant positive association with exercise persistence. (2) Exercise enjoyment and exercise commitment demonstrate both independent and sequential mediation effects in the model, with the mediation effect of exercise commitment being relatively stronger. CONCLUSION: The study identifies important associations among use motivations, exercise enjoyment, exercise commitment, and exercise persistence, offering useful insights for future practices and research aimed at supporting exercise-related behaviors among physical education students. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Wang, Chunxiao AU - Wang C AD - College of Sports Science and Health, Harbin Sport University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150008, China. FAU - Meng, Nijia AU - Meng N AD - College of Sports Science and Health, Harbin Sport University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150008, China. FAU - Han, Peng AU - Han P AD - College of Sports Science and Health, Harbin Sport University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150008, China. FAU - Liu, Chunhua AU - Liu C AD - Center of Training and Competition, Harbin Sport University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150008, China. Electronic address: hrbipe2019@163.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260608 PL - Netherlands TA - Acta Psychol (Amst) JT - Acta psychologica JID - 0370366 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Students/psychology MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - *Motivation MH - Male MH - *Physical Education and Training MH - Young Adult MH - Universities MH - Adult MH - Digital Health MH - Adolescent OTO - NOTNLM OT - Exercise commitment OT - Exercise enjoyment OT - Exercise persistence OT - Physical education students OT - The use motivations of AI health monitoring devices COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors have no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article. EDAT- 2026/06/09 00:34 MHDA- 2026/07/24 06:35 CRDT- 2026/06/08 18:10 PHST- 2025/07/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/24 06:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/09 00:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/08 18:10 [entrez] AID - S0001-6918(26)00977-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.actpsy.2026.107176 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Acta Psychol (Amst). 2026 Aug;268:107176. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2026.107176. Epub 2026 Jun 8. PMID- 42259017 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260716 IS - 1096-7206 (Electronic) IS - 1096-7192 (Linking) VI - 148 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Analysis of clinical pedigree characteristics in Chinese patients with ataxia with vitamin E deficiency. PG - 110167 LID - S1096-7192(26)00450-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ymgme.2026.110167 [doi] AB - The clinical and genetic features of ataxia with isolated vitamin E deficiency (AVED) patients in Chinese are remain not well understood. We enrolled 120 unrelated probands with clinically suspected autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia (ARCA) at the Department of Neurology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital between 2014 and 2024. all probands underwent Whole-exome sequencing (WES), with candidate variants validated by Sanger sequencing and family cosegregation analysis. In silico pathogenicity analysis, including protein structure homology modeling and multispecies conservation analysis, was performed for novel variants. Plasma vitamin E levels were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection(HPLC-DAD). We identified 4 probands with biallelic TTPA variants, accounting for 3.33% of the ARCA cohort. Three probands were from consanguineous families, and 1 was from non- consanguineous family. The median age at onset was 15years (range 14-23years), with gait instability/ataxia as the universal initial symptom. Core clinical features included cerebellar ataxia (4/4), dysarthria (4/4), areflexia (2/4), scoliosis (4/4), foot deformity (3/4), and head titubation (3/4). Brain MRI revealed cerebellar atrophy in 3 patients, and all had markedly reduced serum vitamin E levels. We identified 2 novel missense variants (c.265C>A(p.P89T) and c.790A>G(p.M264V)). All patients received high-dose vitamin E supplementation, with 3/4 improved ataxia symptoms at 2-years follow-up. Our findings expand the clinical and genetic spectrum of AVED in China and support early evaluation of plasma vitamin E status and TTPA variants in patients with unexplained sporadic or recessive ataxia, as well as proactive screening of siblings and other at-risk relatives, even before symptom onset. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Lv, Pu AU - Lv P AD - Department of Geriatric, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China. FAU - Liu, Lu AU - Liu L AD - Department of Geriatric, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China. FAU - Hao, Ying AU - Hao Y AD - Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 10029, China. FAU - Zhou, Zhi AU - Zhou Z AD - Department of Neurology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China. FAU - Chen, Xin AU - Chen X AD - Department of Geriatric, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China. FAU - Zhang, Linwei AU - Zhang L AD - Department of Neurology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China. Electronic address: zhanglw999@hotmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260603 PL - United States TA - Mol Genet Metab JT - Molecular genetics and metabolism JID - 9805456 RN - 0 (alpha-tocopherol transfer protein) RN - 1406-18-4 (Vitamin E) RN - 0 (Carrier Proteins) RN - Ataxia with vitamin E deficiency RN - Chinese people SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - *Cerebellar Ataxia/genetics/pathology MH - China MH - Exome Sequencing MH - Mutation MH - Pedigree MH - Vitamin E/blood MH - *Vitamin E Deficiency/genetics/pathology/blood MH - East Asian People/genetics MH - Ataxia MH - Carrier Proteins OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cerebellar ataxia OT - Cerebellar atrophy OT - Mutation OT - Phenotype OT - TTPA gene COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/06/09 00:34 MHDA- 2026/07/16 12:40 CRDT- 2026/06/08 18:04 PHST- 2026/03/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/16 12:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/09 00:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/08 18:04 [entrez] AID - S1096-7192(26)00450-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ymgme.2026.110167 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Mol Genet Metab. 2026 Aug;148(4):110167. doi: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2026.110167. Epub 2026 Jun 3. PMID- 42258993 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260803 LR - 20260803 IS - 1532-2653 (Electronic) IS - 0967-5868 (Linking) VI - 152 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Quantitative hippocampal subfield volumetry using AID-HS in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy: correlation with histopathology. PG - 112129 LID - S0967-5868(26)00280-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jocn.2026.112129 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the AID-HS pipeline in characterizing hippocampal subfield volumetric patterns and distinguishing HS subtypes, using histopathology as the reference standard in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE). METHODS: Thirty patients with surgically treated mTLE underwent 3.0 T MRI. Volumetric subfield analysis was performed using the automated AID-HS tool.Hippocampal subfield volumes were compared between typical HS type 1 and atypical HS, including HS types 2 and 3, with validation against the 2013 ILAE histopathological criteria. Subfields of the sclerotic hippocampus were categorized as volume-reduced or volume-preserved based on the asymmetry index. RESULTS: HS type 1 was predominant, accounting for 83.3% of cases. In typical HS type 1, volume reduction in CA2 and CA3 was more frequently observed than in atypical HS on volumetric comparison, and MRI-detected volume reduction in CA2, CA3, and CA4 was significantly associated with histopathological sclerosis (p < 0.01) . Diagnostic accuracy showed fair to good classification performance for distinguishing HS subtypes, with AUC values ranging from 0.73 to 0.83. The CA3 subfield achieved the highest accuracy, with an AUC of 0.83 and 100% sensitivity. CONCLUSION: The AID-HS pipeline may provide quantitative support for subtype-oriented evaluation of HS. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Hung, Nguyen Duy AU - Hung ND AD - Department of Radiology, Hanoi Medical University, Ha Noi, Viet Nam; Department of Radiology, Viet Duc Hospital, Ha Noi, Viet Nam. Electronic address: duyhung@hmu.edu.vn. FAU - Minh Chau, Nguyen Thu AU - Minh Chau NT AD - Department of Radiology, Hanoi Medical University, Ha Noi, Viet Nam. Electronic address: thuminhchou@gmail.com. FAU - Van, Tran Dinh AU - Van TD AD - Department of Neurosurgery 1, Viet Duc Hospital, Ha Noi, Viet Nam. Electronic address: tranvanpttk@gmail.com. FAU - Ngan, Vuong Kim AU - Ngan VK AD - Department of Radiology, Hanoi Medical University, Ha Noi, Viet Nam; Department of Radiology, Vinmec Times City International Hospital, Vinmec Healthcare System, Ha Noi, Viet Nam. Electronic address: drkimngan.rad@gmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260608 PL - Scotland TA - J Clin Neurosci JT - Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia JID - 9433352 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe/pathology/diagnostic imaging/surgery MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Hippocampus/pathology/diagnostic imaging/surgery MH - *Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods MH - Adult MH - Young Adult MH - Hippocampal Sclerosis/pathology MH - Middle Aged MH - Adolescent MH - Organ Size MH - Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods OTO - NOTNLM OT - Hippocampal sclerosis OT - Hippocampal subfields OT - Histopathology correlation OT - Magnetic resonance imaging OT - Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy OT - Quantitative MRI COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/06/08 19:43 MHDA- 2026/08/04 00:35 CRDT- 2026/06/08 18:03 PHST- 2026/02/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/04 00:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/08 19:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/08 18:03 [entrez] AID - S0967-5868(26)00280-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jocn.2026.112129 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Clin Neurosci. 2026 Oct;152:112129. doi: 10.1016/j.jocn.2026.112129. Epub 2026 Jun 8. PMID- 42258969 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260907 LR - 20260915 IS - 1532-8449 (Electronic) IS - 0882-5963 (Linking) VI - 90 DP - 2026 Sep-Oct TI - Development and initial validation of the nursing practices, perceptions and barriers questionnaire for childhood obesity: A cross-sectional observational study. PG - 77-86 LID - S0882-5963(26)00252-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.pedn.2026.05.045 [doi] AB - AIM: To develop and preliminarily validate a questionnaire assessing primary care nurses' practices, perceptions, and perceived barriers in managing childhood obesity. DESIGN: Sequential exploratory study conducted in three phases: item development, content validation, and a cross-sectional observational study with an initial psychometric validation. METHODS: Items were generated through a literature review, focus groups, and adaptation of an existing adult obesity instrument. A panel of six experts assessed content validity, clarity, coherence, and item adequacy. The final version 39-item questionnaire was distributed online to primary care nurses in Madrid, Spain; 253 complete responses were analyzed. Descriptive statistics were calculated. A preliminary Exploratory Factor Analysis was conducted on selected items. RESULTS: The overall content validity index was 0.96. The final instrument identified three areas: training and experience, practices and barriers, and knowledge of childhood obesity. Factor analyses supported coherent underlying dimensions for selected items, with acceptable internal consistency. Nurses reported positive attitudes toward addressing pediatric obesity but identified barriers such as limited consultation time, low treatment adherence, and intervention complexity. CONCLUSION: The NPPBQ-CO is a structured instrument with initial evidence of content validity, preliminary psychometric support and acceptable internal consistency. Further validation is warranted. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Miguel-Atanes, Cristina AU - Miguel-Atanes C AD - Department of Biological and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Autonomous University of Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: cristina.miguelatanes@gmail.com. FAU - Gomez-Lobo, Andrea Gil AU - Gomez-Lobo AG AD - Department of Biological and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Autonomous University of Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: andrea.gilg@uam.es. FAU - Solar, Maria AU - Solar M AD - TEA EDICIONES SAU, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Sepulveda, Ana Rosa AU - Sepulveda AR AD - Department of Biological and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Autonomous University of Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: anarosa.sepulveda@uam.es. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260608 PL - United States TA - J Pediatr Nurs JT - Journal of pediatric nursing JID - 8607529 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Female MH - *Pediatric Obesity/nursing/diagnosis MH - Psychometrics MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Child MH - Spain MH - Male MH - *Pediatric Nursing MH - Adult MH - Attitude of Health Personnel MH - *Primary Care Nursing OTO - NOTNLM OT - Nursing care OT - Nursing, practical OT - Pediatric obesity OT - Primary health care OT - Surveys and questionnaires COIS- Declaration of competing interest There is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this article. EDAT- 2026/06/08 19:42 MHDA- 2026/09/07 23:34 CRDT- 2026/06/08 18:02 PHST- 2025/11/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/07 23:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/08 19:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/08 18:02 [entrez] AID - S0882-5963(26)00252-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.pedn.2026.05.045 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Pediatr Nurs. 2026 Sep-Oct;90:77-86. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2026.05.045. Epub 2026 Jun 8. PMID- 42258963 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260711 LR - 20260806 IS - 1878-5506 (Electronic) IS - 1389-9457 (Linking) VI - 146 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Performance of three consumer sleep-tracking devices compared with Actigraphy and Polysomnography. PG - 109059 LID - S1389-9457(26)00298-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.sleep.2026.109059 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: To compare the performance of three consumer wearables (Apple Watch Series 7, Fitbit Charge 5, Polar Vantage M2) against home polysomnography (PSG) and actigraphy using complementary metrics of accuracy, agreement, and reliability. METHODS: This prospective observational study was conducted at King Abdulaziz University Hospital on healthy adults aged 18-45 years. Participants were allocated to one wearable (Fitbit n = 20; Apple Watch n = 19; Polar n = 15). PSG performed during a home visit and a research-grade actigraph was worn concurrently (7 days) for ambulatory reference. Primary outcomes were wearable-PSG differences for time in bed (TIB), total sleep time (TST), and stage durations (Rapid Eye Movement (REM), light, deep). Agreement was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and Bland-Altman analyses. RESULTS: Across devices, agreement with PSG was generally weak with wide LOA. Compared with PSG, Fitbit overestimated light sleep (+57.7 +/- 80.5 min, P = .009). Apple Watch underestimated light sleep (-73.8 +/- 61.6 min, P < .001) and overestimated REM (+30.3 +/- 36.3 min, P = .003). Polar showed a positive REM bias (+32.3 +/- 43.6 min, P = .026) without significant differences for other parameters. Overall ranking favored Apple Watch, followed by Fitbit and Polar. CONCLUSIONS: Apple Watch Series 7, Fitbit Charge 5, and Polar Vantage M2 demonstrated parameter-specific bias and limited agreement with PSG and actigraphy. These devices may be appropriate for longitudinal self-monitoring rather than clinical-grade assessment of sleep architecture. CI - Copyright (c) 2026. Published by Elsevier B.V. FAU - Alhejaili, Faris AU - Alhejaili F AD - Respiratory Section, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Sleep Medicine and Research Center, Sleep Medicine Research Group, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: Falhejaili@kau.edu.sa. FAU - Alshumrani, Ranya AU - Alshumrani R AD - Sleep Medicine and Research Center, Sleep Medicine Research Group, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Respiratory Section, Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alamoudi, Wail AU - Alamoudi W AD - Sleep Medicine and Research Center, Sleep Medicine Research Group, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Wali, Siraj AU - Wali S AD - Respiratory Section, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Sleep Medicine and Research Center, Sleep Medicine Research Group, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Bamagoos, Ahmad AU - Bamagoos A AD - Sleep Medicine and Research Center, Sleep Medicine Research Group, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Wazira, Lamar AU - Wazira L AD - Internal Medicine Resident, Dr. Soliman Fakeeh Hospital, Jeddah, SA, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Ahmad, Hanin AU - Ahmad H AD - Obstetrics and Gynecology Resident, Dr. Soliman Fakeeh Hospital, Jeddah, SA, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Azab, Ehda AU - Azab E AD - Medical Intern, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SA, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Banjer, Hanin AU - Banjer H AD - ENT Resident, Ministry of Health, Jeddah, SA, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alzahrani, Asayel AU - Alzahrani A AD - Diagnostic Radiology Resident, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, SA, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Baghdadi, Ebtihal AU - Baghdadi E AD - General Practitioner, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Gozal, David AU - Gozal D AD - Departments of Pediatrics, Dentistry and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, and Biomedical Sciences, and Office of the Dean, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, USA. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260604 PL - Netherlands TA - Sleep Med JT - Sleep medicine JID - 100898759 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Polysomnography/instrumentation MH - *Actigraphy/instrumentation MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Male MH - Prospective Studies MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Sleep Duration MH - Middle Aged MH - *Wearable Electronic Devices MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - *Sleep/physiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Actigraphy OT - Activity trackers OT - Bio-sensing techniques OT - Polysomnography OT - Sleep stages OT - Wearable electronic devices COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. D.G. is supported by National Institutes of Health grants. EDAT- 2026/06/08 19:42 MHDA- 2026/07/12 00:54 CRDT- 2026/06/08 18:02 PHST- 2026/03/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/12 00:54 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/08 19:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/08 18:02 [entrez] AID - S1389-9457(26)00298-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.sleep.2026.109059 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Sleep Med. 2026 Oct;146:109059. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2026.109059. Epub 2026 Jun 4. PMID- 42258527 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260613 LR - 20260813 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 6 DP - 2026 TI - Spurious effects in random-intercept cross-lagged panel models: Results from simulations and reanalyses of data on self-esteem and problematic eating behaviors used by Beckers et al. (2023). PG - e0351302 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0351302 [doi] LID - e0351302 AB - The random-intercept cross-lagged panel model (RI-CLPM) is an extension of the traditional cross-lagged panel model. The RI-CPLM specifically addresses prospective effects within individuals. In the present simulations, we found that the RI-CLPM is susceptible to spurious findings when observed scores on the two variables are affected by common auto-correlated state factors. In reanalyses of empirical data, we found contradictory decreasing, increasing, and null prospective effects between within-individual levels of self-esteem and problematic eating behaviors among Dutch teenagers (N = 1856). These contradictory findings indicated that previously reported prospective effects may have been statistical artifacts. Caution is advised when using the RI-CLPM, as it may produce misleading results. Researchers are recommended to validate findings using alternative analyses, e.g., by examining person-mean centered scores. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Sorjonen et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Sorjonen, Kimmo AU - Sorjonen K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9930-057X AD - Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Nilsonne, Gustav AU - Nilsonne G AD - Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. AD - Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Ghaderi, Ata AU - Ghaderi A AD - Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Melin, Bo AU - Melin B AD - Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260608 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Self Concept MH - Adolescent MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - Female MH - *Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology PMC - PMC13245769 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/06/08 19:39 MHDA- 2026/06/15 11:30 PMCR- 2026/06/08 CRDT- 2026/06/08 13:44 PHST- 2025/08/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/15 11:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/08 19:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/08 13:44 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-25-39381 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0351302 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 Jun 8;21(6):e0351302. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0351302. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42258366 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260611 LR - 20260903 IS - 2561-326X (Electronic) IS - 2561-326X (Linking) VI - 10 DP - 2026 Jun 8 TI - Social Partner Effects on Type 2 Diabetes Prevention, Management, and Spillover Health Outcomes: Single-Arm Pre-Post Pilot Intervention. PG - e82438 LID - 10.2196/82438 [doi] LID - e82438 AB - BACKGROUND: South Asian Americans are at high risk of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). South Asian populations are typically close-knit communities, with support networks that could be leveraged in lifestyle interventions. OBJECTIVE: This study was a single-arm, pre-post pilot study to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of a culturally tailored telehealth intervention for South Asian adults with prediabetes or T2DM and their social partners (trusted household members) who agreed to complete preintervention and postintervention surveys. METHODS: Participants attended 5-hour-long health education sessions delivered in English and Bengali. Participant outcomes included pre-post changes in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), BMI, blood pressure (BP), self-reported minutes of physical activity, and dietary choices at baseline and at the 6-month follow-up. For social partners, outcomes included pre-post survey changes in physical activity and dietary choices. We used Pearson chi-square tests and paired 2-tailed t tests to compare baseline measures with postintervention outcomes. RESULTS: This pilot study included 54 participants and 106 social partners in Atlanta, Georgia, between March 2021 and November 2023. All participants were Bangladeshi and spoke native Bengali. Social partners were most commonly participants' children (39/106, 36.8%) or spouses (34/106, 32.1%). The participant baseline HbA1c level was 7.5% (SD 1.48%), which decreased by -0.83% (95% CI 0.42%-1.30%; P<.001). Participants also improved systolic BP by -5.8 mm Hg (95% CI 0.196-11.37; P=.04) with no change in diastolic BP (-0.451 mm Hg, 95% CI -1.49 to 2.39; P=.60) or BMI (-0.642 kg/m2, 95% CI -1.87 to 0.59; P=.17). Compared with baseline, 39% more participants exercised at least 150 minutes weekly (P<.001), but there was no difference in self-reported fruit and vegetable intake. However, the social partners increased fruit and vegetable intake (P=.02), decreased soda intake (P<.001), and increased daily moderate exercise (P=.003). CONCLUSIONS: Including social partners in T2DM prevention and management is feasible and potentially beneficial, but comparative studies are needed to determine the incremental effects of social partners' participation vs individual-focused lifestyle interventions. CI - (c) Natalie B Connell, Sakila Nasrin, Zohra Amin, Nazneen Akhet, Mohammed K Ali, K M Venkat Narayan, Megha Shah. Originally published in JMIR Formative Research (https://formative.jmir.org). FAU - Connell, Natalie B AU - Connell NB AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-6834-0143 AD - Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 100 Woodruff Circle, Atlanta, GA, 30306, United States, 1 1-404-727-4018. FAU - Nasrin, Sakila AU - Nasrin S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-6127-0903 AD - Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 100 Woodruff Circle, Atlanta, GA, 30306, United States, 1 1-404-727-4018. FAU - Amin, Zohra AU - Amin Z AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-2246-5378 AD - Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 100 Woodruff Circle, Atlanta, GA, 30306, United States, 1 1-404-727-4018. FAU - Akhter, Nazneen AU - Akhter N AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-2871-0609 AD - Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 100 Woodruff Circle, Atlanta, GA, 30306, United States, 1 1-404-727-4018. FAU - Ali, Mohammed K AU - Ali MK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7266-2503 AD - Emory University, Emory Global Diabetes Research Center, Woodruff Health Sciences Center, Atlanta, GA, United States. FAU - Narayan, K M Venkat AU - Narayan KMV AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8621-5405 AD - Emory University, Emory Global Diabetes Research Center, Woodruff Health Sciences Center, Atlanta, GA, United States. FAU - Shah, Megha AU - Shah M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6722-7846 AD - Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 100 Woodruff Circle, Atlanta, GA, 30306, United States, 1 1-404-727-4018. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT05275231 GR - K23 MD015088/MD/NIMHD NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural DEP - 20260608 PL - Canada TA - JMIR Form Res JT - JMIR formative research JID - 101726394 RN - 0 (Glycated Hemoglobin) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/prevention & control/therapy/ethnology/psychology MH - Exercise MH - Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis MH - Pilot Projects MH - Asian MH - United States PMC - PMC13245547 OTO - NOTNLM OT - diabetes OT - household health benefits OT - lifestyle intervention OT - social networks OT - social partners COIS- Conflicts of Interest: None declared. EDAT- 2026/06/08 19:40 MHDA- 2026/06/11 12:40 PMCR- 2026/06/08 CRDT- 2026/06/08 12:44 PHST- 2025/08/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/11 12:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/08 19:40 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/08 12:44 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v10i1e82438 [pii] AID - 82438 [pii] AID - 10.2196/82438 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JMIR Form Res. 2026 Jun 8;10:e82438. doi: 10.2196/82438. PMID- 42258187 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260803 LR - 20260803 IS - 2168-6211 (Electronic) IS - 2168-6203 (Print) IS - 2168-6203 (Linking) VI - 180 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug 1 TI - Smartphone Acquisition and Use at Age 13 Years and Health Outcomes at Age 14 Years. PG - 858-866 LID - 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.2118 [doi] AB - IMPORTANCE: Smartphone acquisition and use under age 13 years is common and has been linked to adverse health implications. Although delaying acquisition until after age 13 years is often recommended, evidence supporting this guideline remains limited. OBJECTIVE: To quantify the associations of smartphone acquisition around age 13 years and smartphone use with depression, obesity, and insufficient sleep at age 14 years. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: In this cohort study of youth from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study, eligible participants were study participants who did not have a smartphone by the 13-year-old assessment. Mixed-effects regression models were applied to quantify associations of past-year smartphone acquisition and use with health outcomes adjusting for pre-exposure depression, obesity and sleep, multiple socioeconomic and parental confounders, and use of other devices. Analyses were conducted between November 2025 and April 2026. EXPOSURES: Smartphone acquisition and self-reported smartphone use duration (smartphone time). MAIN OUTCOMES: Odds ratios (ORs) for associations with depression diagnosis (based on a validated computerized diagnostic assessment), obesity (body mass index above 95th percentile), and insufficient sleep (less than 8 hours/night). RESULTS: Participants included 1959 youth (803 girls [41.0%]; 292 Black [14.9%], 314 Hispanic [16.0%], 1661 White [84.8%]) followed up from the 3-year (mean [SD] age, 12.7 [0.6] years) to the 4-year (mean [SD] age, 14.0 [0.7] years) assessment. Between the 3- and 4-year assessments, 1230 participants acquired a smartphone and 729 did not. Smartphone acquisition was not significantly associated with depression (OR, 1.45; 95% CI, 0.98-2.14) or obesity (OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.71-1.46), but was associated with insufficient sleep (OR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.03-1.62) at follow-up. Among those who had acquired a smartphone, total smartphone time (standardized z score) was associated with depression (OR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.01-1.80), obesity (OR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.09-1.65), and insufficient sleep (OR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.12-1.47). Placing smartphones outside the bedroom at bedtime was associated with lower odds of insufficient sleep (OR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.47-0.87). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The results of this cohort study suggest that simply smartphone acquisition at age 13 years was not associated with depression or with obesity, but was associated with insufficient sleep at age 14 years; however, the amount of smartphone use was associated with higher odds of all 3 outcomes. Behavioral interventions like limiting smartphone time and keeping smartphones out of bedrooms at night may protect adolescents from potential adverse health outcomes. Findings offer insights to guide caregivers on adolescent smartphone use and inform policies aimed at protecting youth, such as delaying smartphone acquisition until age 13 years. FAU - Bren, Ziv AU - Bren Z AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. AD - Lifespan Brain Institute of CHOP and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. FAU - Tran, Kate T AU - Tran KT AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. AD - Lifespan Brain Institute of CHOP and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. FAU - Visoki, Elina AU - Visoki E AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. AD - Lifespan Brain Institute of CHOP and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. FAU - Waasdorp, Tracy E AU - Waasdorp TE AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. AD - Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. FAU - Moore, Tyler M AU - Moore TM AD - Lifespan Brain Institute of CHOP and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. AD - Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. FAU - Pimentel, Samuel D AU - Pimentel SD AD - Department of Statistics, University of California, Berkeley. FAU - Barzilay, Ran AU - Barzilay R AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. AD - Lifespan Brain Institute of CHOP and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. AD - Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - JAMA Pediatr JT - JAMA pediatrics JID - 101589544 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Smartphone/statistics & numerical data MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Depression/epidemiology/etiology MH - *Obesity/epidemiology MH - Cohort Studies MH - *Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology MH - *Sleep Deprivation/epidemiology MH - Sleep Duration PMC - PMC13247848 COIS- Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Dr Visoki reported that her spouse is the founder and CEO of Kidas. Dr Barzilay reported grants from National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) during the conduct of the study; he reported advisory board service with Children and Screens and with Taliaz Health, in which he also holds equity, outside the submitted work. No other disclosures were reported. EDAT- 2026/06/08 12:39 MHDA- 2026/08/03 12:42 PMCR- 2027/06/08 CRDT- 2026/06/08 11:33 PHST- 2026/08/03 12:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/08 12:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/08 11:33 [entrez] PHST- 2027/06/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2849461 [pii] AID - poi260030 [pii] AID - 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.2118 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - JAMA Pediatr. 2026 Aug 1;180(8):858-866. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.2118. PMID- 42257889 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261024 LR - 20261028 IS - 1435-165X (Electronic) IS - 1018-8827 (Linking) VI - 35 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Impact of school physical activity on physical and mental health in children and adolescents: A Meta-analysis based on RE-AIM. PG - 2685-2702 LID - 10.1007/s00787-026-03069-5 [doi] AB - The RE-AIM framework was used to assess and analyze the impact of school physical activity on children and adolescents' physical and mental health. A search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus, EBSCO, and Web of Science was conducted from when the databases were created until December 2024. Articles included studies on school-based physical activity interventions and physical and mental health of children and adolescents. The screened literature was evaluated for quality, data extraction, standardized mean difference (SMD), Mean difference(MD) and confidence intervals (95% CI) were used as effect indicators. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias for the included studies. Preferred reporting items were used using systematic evaluation and meta-analysis guidelines combined with meta-analysis with the RE-AIM framework. A total of 19 studies that met the inclusion criteria were included in the meta-analysis, and the results of the meta-analysis showed that school physical activity improved adolescents' and children's athletic ability (SMD = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.23 ~ 0.43), reduced BMI (MD=-0.50, 95% CI=-0.81~-0.19) and improved Fitness self-perceptions (SMD = 0.31, 95% CI = 0.22 ~ 0.40). In terms of mental health, school physical activity improved children and adolescents' self-reported questionnaire scores (SMD = 0.21,95%CI = 0.12 ~ 0.30) and reduced anxiety, depression and stress levels (MD=-0.53,95%CI=-0.85~-0.22). That is, school physical activity is associated with improvements in both physical health and the mental health of adolescents and children. In addition, the RE-AIM framework reported the effectiveness of sports interventions on health, with higher proportions of the Reach, Efficacy, and Adoption dimensions in the RE-AIM framework than in Implementation and Maintenance. A comprehensive assessment of the impact of school physical activity was conducted through meta-analysis and RE-AIM framework, which showed that school physical activity is associated with improvements in both the physical and mental health of children and adolescents and that RE-AIM framework reported the quality of physical activity interventions to improve the physical and mental health of children and adolescents, achieving a balance of internal and external validity in comparison. CI - (c) 2026. Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Li, Congcong AU - Li C AD - College of Sports Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, China. AD - Department of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Science, Shanghai, China. FAU - Wang, Yezheng AU - Wang Y AD - College of Sports Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, China. FAU - Zhao, Wei AU - Zhao W AD - College of Sports Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, China. FAU - Yan, Xu AU - Yan X AD - College of Sports Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, China. FAU - Liu, Kaihang AU - Liu K AD - College of Sports Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, China. FAU - Zhong, Jingyi AU - Zhong J AD - College of Sports Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, China. FAU - Wang, Liyan AU - Wang L AD - College of Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Science, Shanghai, China. FAU - Wang, Hongbiao AU - Wang H AD - Department of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Science, Shanghai, China. FAU - Wang, Lijuan AU - Wang L AD - College of Sports Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, China. wlj_sunny@synu.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Meta-Analysis PT - Review DEP - 20260608 PL - Germany TA - Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry JT - European child & adolescent psychiatry JID - 9212296 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - *Mental Health MH - *Schools MH - *Physical Fitness OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescents OT - Children OT - Mental health OT - Physical activity OT - Physical health OT - School interventions COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/08 12:39 MHDA- 2026/10/25 03:35 CRDT- 2026/06/08 11:13 PHST- 2025/05/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/25 03:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/08 12:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/08 11:13 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00787-026-03069-5 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00787-026-03069-5 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2026 Sep;35(9):2685-2702. doi: 10.1007/s00787-026-03069-5. Epub 2026 Jun 8. PMID- 42257240 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260612 LR - 20260612 IS - 1473-0766 (Electronic) IS - 0951-3590 (Linking) VI - 42 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Dec 31 TI - Association between GLM7 and female infertility: a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES 2013-2018. PG - 2686485 LID - 10.1080/09513590.2026.2686485 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Female infertility is a common reproductive disorder influenced by metabolic dysfunction. The glycolipid metabolism 7 factors (GLM7) is a composite metabolic index integrating age, BMI, glucose, insulin, and lipid profiles. This study aimed to examine its association with female infertility in a nationally representative population. METHODS: Data from 1,405 female participants aged 18-45 years from the 2013-2018 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed. We used survey-weighted logistic regression models and restricted cubic splines to assess the association between GLM7 and infertility. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess the diagnostic accuracy. RESULTS: A total of 167 participants (11.9%) reported infertility. After full adjustment, higher GLM7 levels were independently associated with increased odds of infertility (odds ratio (OR) = 1.401, 95% CI: 1.028-1.909, p = 0.034). A positive linear association was observed, with a potential plateau effect at GLM7 approximately 6.98. GLM7 showed modest discriminative ability (AUC = 0.596, 95%CI: 0.552-0.639). CONCLUSIONS: GLM7 was positively associated with female infertility. As a multidimensional metabolic indicator, GLM7 may provide complementary information for reproductive health research. However, its modest discriminative performance suggests limited value as a standalone screening tool, warranting further validation in longitudinal and clinical studies. FAU - Dong, Tingting AU - Dong T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1035-6687 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China. FAU - Gao, Jie AU - Gao J AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-8586-0772 AD - School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China. FAU - Wang, Xietong AU - Wang X AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-3301-9105 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China. AD - Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China. AD - Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of National Health Commission of China, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shandong Province Affiliated with Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260608 PL - England TA - Gynecol Endocrinol JT - Gynecological endocrinology : the official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology JID - 8807913 RN - 0 (Blood Glucose) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Adult MH - *Infertility, Female/blood/epidemiology/metabolism MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Young Adult MH - Nutrition Surveys MH - Adolescent MH - Middle Aged MH - United States/epidemiology MH - Body Mass Index MH - Blood Glucose/metabolism OTO - NOTNLM OT - Female OT - GLM7 OT - glycolipid metabolism OT - infertility OT - reproductive health EDAT- 2026/06/08 12:39 MHDA- 2026/06/12 06:37 CRDT- 2026/06/08 07:47 PHST- 2026/06/12 06:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/08 12:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/08 07:47 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/09513590.2026.2686485 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Gynecol Endocrinol. 2026 Dec 31;42(1):2686485. doi: 10.1080/09513590.2026.2686485. Epub 2026 Jun 8. PMID- 42257148 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260608 LR - 20260813 IS - 2249-4863 (Print) IS - 2278-7135 (Electronic) IS - 2249-4863 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Mar TI - Exploring the effects of high fat, salt, and sugar (HFSS) food consumption among undergraduate medical students: A cross-sectional study. PG - 1306-1314 LID - 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_94_25 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Adolescents who are overweight or obese are more likely to develop non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in their early adult years, including diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and dyslipidaemia. To address the growing epidemic of childhood and adult obesity, immediate action is needed. Obesity and the prevalence of non-communicable diseases are strongly linked to eating habits. METHODOLOGY: A pre-tested, validated questionnaire was circulated among undergraduate MBBS students from various medical colleges. RESULTS: One hundred seventy MBBS students from four other medical colleges participated in this online survey. The questionnaire was circulated via Google Forms. The mean age of participants was 21.57 (+1.47). Zomato (57, 33%) and Swiggy (52, 31%) were the most used applications by the participants. One hundred thirty-four (79%) participants had incorrect knowledge about added sugar in the diet cola drinks. One hundred nineteen (70%) participants had incorrect knowledge about added salt in bread. Thirty-five of 107 (33%) females had a waist hip ratio (WHR) of more than 0.85, and 15/63 (24%) males had a WHR of more than 0.90, which implies an increased chance of obesity, cardiovascular risks, and other non-communicable diseases in the future. CONCLUSION: The study reveals a high prevalence of HFSS food consumption among undergraduate medical students, with online food delivery platforms playing a central role in facilitating this dietary behaviour. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care. FAU - Singh, Garima AU - Singh G AD - Department of Community Medicine, Heritage Institute of Medical Sciences, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India. FAU - Jaiswal, Abhishek AU - Jaiswal A AD - Department of Community Medicine, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260420 PL - India TA - J Family Med Prim Care JT - Journal of family medicine and primary care JID - 101610082 PMC - PMC13241118 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Fast food consumption OT - non-communicable diseases OT - obesity COIS- There are no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/08 12:38 MHDA- 2026/06/08 12:39 PMCR- 2026/03/01 CRDT- 2026/06/08 07:46 PHST- 2025/01/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/01/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/08 12:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/08 12:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/08 07:46 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JFMPC-15-1306 [pii] AID - 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_94_25 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Family Med Prim Care. 2026 Mar;15(3):1306-1314. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_94_25. Epub 2026 Apr 20. PMID- 42257122 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260608 LR - 20260813 IS - 2249-4863 (Print) IS - 2278-7135 (Electronic) IS - 2249-4863 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Mar TI - Screen time and its determinants among adolescents in Chennai: A cross-sectional study. PG - 1160-1164 LID - 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_442_25 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Screen time (ST) has become a critical factor influencing adolescent health. With the rapid expansion of smartphones, tablets, computers and internet access, the ways in which they interact with their environment have undergone massive transformation. This study focuses on the use of screen time and its association with demographic and lifestyle factors in Chennai, India. METHODS: The study was a descriptive cross-sectional study among 610 adolescents (53.3% from government aided schools and 46.7% from private school) from Chennai. Data was collected using structured proforma and validated questionnaire (QueST) that was then analysed for ST determinants. RESULTS: The study revealed an average ST of 2.45 +/- 1.19 hours on weekdays and 4.21 +/- 1.94 hours on weekends. Recreational activities such as video, gaming and social media were the predominant contributors. Increased ST (>2 hours/day) was significantly associated with age (17 years), gender (female), type of school (private), decreased sleep duration, absence of physical activity, incomplete homework, lack of peer interaction, spectacle use and overweight/obesity. CONCLUSION: The average ST spent by adolescents is more than the recommendation. This study highlights the need for optimal ST practices for promoting a balanced lifestyle among Adolescents. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care. FAU - Amuthan, Shwetha AU - Amuthan S AD - Senior Resident, Department of Paediatrics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. FAU - Mohan, Ram AU - Mohan R AD - Assistant Professor, Department of Paediatrics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. FAU - Ravichandran, Latha AU - Ravichandran L AD - Professor, Department of Paediatrics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. FAU - Premkumar, Sarala AU - Premkumar S AD - Professor, Department of Paediatrics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260420 PL - India TA - J Family Med Prim Care JT - Journal of family medicine and primary care JID - 101610082 PMC - PMC13241144 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescents OT - BMI OT - Chennai OT - physical activity OT - screentime COIS- There are no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/08 12:39 MHDA- 2026/06/08 12:40 PMCR- 2026/03/01 CRDT- 2026/06/08 07:46 PHST- 2025/03/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/10/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/11/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/08 12:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/08 12:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/08 07:46 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JFMPC-15-1160 [pii] AID - 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_442_25 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Family Med Prim Care. 2026 Mar;15(3):1160-1164. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_442_25. Epub 2026 Apr 20. PMID- 42256855 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260608 LR - 20260813 IS - 1662-5153 (Print) IS - 1662-5153 (Electronic) IS - 1662-5153 (Linking) VI - 20 DP - 2026 TI - Quantum-entangled feature selection and spiking graph transformer networks for early detection of childhood behavioral markers. PG - 1797210 LID - 10.3389/fnbeh.2026.1797210 [doi] LID - 1797210 AB - INTRODUCTION: Early identification of childhood behavioural markers using wearable sensing is important for timely intervention in developmental and sleep-related disorders. Wrist-worn accelerometer data provide objective measures of behavioural regulation by capturing actigraphy-derived states such as Sleep, Wake, and Transitional periods. However, existing deep learning methods for behavioural state detection often face challenges related to redundant features, sensitivity to sensor noise, limited robustness in long-term wearable deployment, and high energy consumption. METHODS: This study proposes a Quantum Variational Feature Selection-Spiking Graph Transformer Network (QVFS-SGTN), a hybrid quantum-neuromorphic framework for robust and energy-efficient behavioural state classification. The prediction task was defined as a three-class classification problem involving Sleep, Wake, and Transitional behavioural states from high-frequency wrist-worn accelerometer data. The proposed model integrates a parameterized quantum circuit-based feature selector to identify non-linear and entangled sensor correlations. Selected features are then processed by a spiking graph transformer network, which models temporal dependencies through event-driven self-attention and neuromorphic neuron dynamics. Experiments were conducted using the Child Mind Institute wearable dataset, with additional cross-dataset validation performed on the external Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis sleep dataset. RESULTS: The proposed QVFS-SGTN framework achieved state-of-the-art performance on the Child Mind Institute wearable dataset, with an accuracy of 0.968, an F1-score of 0.968, and an AUC of 0.991. Robustness evaluation demonstrated stable performance under significant Gaussian noise, maintaining accuracy above 92%. Energy analysis showed a 40-55% reduction in computational cost compared with conventional deep learning models. In cross-dataset evaluation using the MESA sleep dataset, the model achieved an accuracy of 0.931 without fine-tuning, indicating strong generalization capability. DISCUSSION: The findings demonstrate that combining quantum-enhanced feature selection with spiking graph-based temporal modelling can improve the robustness, accuracy, and energy efficiency of wearable behavioural state detection. The QVFS-SGTN framework effectively addresses key limitations of existing deep learning approaches, including feature redundancy, sensor noise sensitivity, and computational cost. These results support the potential of the proposed hybrid quantum-neuromorphic model for scalable, long-term, real-world paediatric behavioural monitoring. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 M, Joseph, Patil and K. FAU - M, Karthiga AU - M K AD - Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, Tamil Nadu, India. AD - Postdoctoral Researcher, Multimedia University, Melaka, Malaysia. FAU - Joseph, Emerson Raja AU - Joseph ER AD - Faculty of Engineering and Technology Centre for Advanced Analytics, COE of Artificial Intelligence, Multimedia University, Melaka, Malaysia. FAU - Patil, Subhash AU - Patil S AD - Department of Surgery, International Medical University, Management and Science University, Shah Alam, Malaysia. FAU - K, Saranya AU - K S AD - Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, Tamil Nadu, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260522 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Behav Neurosci JT - Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience JID - 101477952 PMC - PMC13236668 OTO - NOTNLM OT - childhood behavioral markers OT - graph transformer OT - neuromorphic computing OT - quantum variational feature selection OT - sleep-wake detection OT - spiking neural networks OT - wearable accelerometers COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/08 12:39 MHDA- 2026/06/08 12:40 PMCR- 2026/05/22 CRDT- 2026/06/08 07:44 PHST- 2026/01/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/08 12:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/08 12:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/08 07:44 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnbeh.2026.1797210 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Behav Neurosci. 2026 May 22;20:1797210. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2026.1797210. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42256484 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260612 LR - 20260813 IS - 2421-4248 (Electronic) IS - 1121-2233 (Print) IS - 1121-2233 (Linking) VI - 66 IP - 4 DP - 2025 Dec TI - The digital tether: a SA-SV based survey on smartphone addiction among young adults in Southern Italy. PG - E466-E478 LID - 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2025.66.4.3771 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: In the post-pandemic era, smartphone usage has surged globally, particularly among young adults. While these devices offer convenience and connectivity, their excessive use has raised concerns about behavioral addiction and psychological well-being. This study investigates the prevalence of problematic smartphone use among young adults in Southern Italy, focusing on usage patterns and socio-demographic correlations. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between March and June 2025 using an anonymous online questionnaire. The instrument combined ad hoc questions on lifestyle and digital habits with the validated Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV). Participants aged 18-40 were recruited primarily from Sicily and Calabria via university and community networks. Data were analyzed using non-parametric statistical tests and chi-square analysis. RESULTS: The final sample included 451 respondents (average age: 22.42 years), predominantly Italian and non-working students. The SAS-SV identified smartphone addiction in 21.3% of participants, with no significant gender differences. Most users engaged with smartphones for leisure, social media, and entertainment. Significant associations were found between SAS scores and variables such as region, education level, and income. Notably, higher scores correlated with emotional reliance on smartphones and difficulty disengaging from use. CONCLUSION: Problematic smartphone use affects over one-fifth of young adults in Southern Italy, driven more by app features than screen time alone. These findings underscore the need for targeted public health strategies, including early screening and behavioral interventions, to address digital dependency and promote healthier technology habits in this demographic. CI - (c)2026 Pacini Editore SRL, Pisa, Italy. FAU - Venuto, Roberto AU - Venuto R AD - Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy. AD - Department of Prevention, Local Health Authority of Messina, Messina, Italy. FAU - Rizzo, Caterina Elisabetta AU - Rizzo CE AD - Department of Prevention, Local Health Authority of Messina, Messina, Italy. AD - Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy. FAU - Genovese, Giovanni AU - Genovese G AD - Department of Prevention, Local Health Authority of Messina, Messina, Italy. AD - Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy. FAU - Trimarchi, Giuseppe AU - Trimarchi G AD - SIR, University of Messina, Messina, Italy. FAU - LA Spada, Giuseppe AU - LA Spada G AD - Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy. FAU - Squeri, Raffaele AU - Squeri R AD - Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy. FAU - LA Fauci, Vincenza AU - LA Fauci V AD - Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy. FAU - Genovese, Cristina AU - Genovese C AD - Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260228 PL - Italy TA - J Prev Med Hyg JT - Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene JID - 9214440 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Smartphone/statistics & numerical data MH - Italy/epidemiology MH - Female MH - Young Adult MH - Male MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adolescent MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Internet Addiction Disorder/epidemiology MH - Adult MH - *Behavior, Addictive/epidemiology MH - Prevalence MH - Digital Media PMC - PMC13235401 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Digital behavior OT - SAS-SV OT - Smartphone addiction OT - Smartphone problematic use OT - Young adults COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/08 12:38 MHDA- 2026/06/12 06:39 PMCR- 2026/02/28 CRDT- 2026/06/08 07:41 PHST- 2026/06/12 06:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/08 12:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/08 07:41 [entrez] PHST- 2026/02/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2025.66.4.3771 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Prev Med Hyg. 2026 Feb 28;66(4):E466-E478. doi: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2025.66.4.3771. eCollection 2025 Dec. PMID- 42256013 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260608 LR - 20260813 IS - 2641-7804 (Electronic) IS - 2641-7804 (Linking) VI - 7 IP - 4 DP - 2025 TI - Associations Between Social Media Usage, Physical Activity and Flourishing in Rural University Students. PG - 128-136 LID - 10.13023/jah.0704.08 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Most adolescents and young adults report significant use of social media.1-3 However, there is limited research on the effect of social media use, specifically on physical activity and flourishing. PURPOSE: This pilot research study examines the correlation between social media usage and the physical activity and flourishing levels of college students at a rural university in Appalachia. METHODS: The authors conducted a survey including the validated Secure Flourishing Index and Stanford Leisure-Time Activity Categorical Item, containing questions on social media use and demographics. Spearman's rho was used for nonparametric correlations. Pearson's correlation was used to determine the correlation of flourishing with physical activity levels. RESULTS: Time spent on Threads per login was positively associated with higher physical activity (pppp <0.001). Implications: Social media use, both frequency and time spent on the platforms, can impact how college students attending a rural university flourish and participate in physical activity. Continued research in this area should investigate the content on social media for its impact on different domains of flourishing including physical and mental health. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 Anna Dysart and Minu Sara Thomas. FAU - Dysart, Anna AU - Dysart A AD - Western Carolina University. FAU - Thomas, Minu Sara AU - Thomas MS AD - Western Carolina University. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20251201 PL - United States TA - J Appalach Health JT - Journal of Appalachian health JID - 101747123 PMC - PMC13239628 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Appalachia OT - college students OT - flourishing OT - health OT - physical activity OT - social media COIS- Cover Page Footnote: No competing financial or editorial interests were reported by the authors of this paper. EDAT- 2026/06/08 12:39 MHDA- 2026/06/08 12:40 PMCR- 2025/12/01 CRDT- 2026/06/08 07:37 PHST- 2026/06/08 12:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/08 12:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/08 07:37 [entrez] PHST- 2025/12/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jah-7-4-128 [pii] AID - 10.13023/jah.0704.08 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Appalach Health. 2025 Dec 1;7(4):128-136. doi: 10.13023/jah.0704.08. eCollection 2025. PMID- 42255899 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260608 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-2360 (Print) IS - 2296-2360 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2360 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Genotype-phenotype correlations in EPCAM-associated congenital tufting enteropathy: a case report and systematic review. PG - 1830464 LID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1830464 [doi] LID - 1830464 AB - BACKGROUND: Congenital tufting enteropathy (CTE) is a rare autosomal-recessive enteropathy caused by EPCAM variants. While the clinical spectrum ranges from intractable diarrhea to manageable outcomes, the genotype-phenotype correlation remains undefined. METHODS: We report a case of an infant diagnosed with CTE carrying a novel frameshift variant (c.315delT), and present a systematic review of previously published molecularly confirmed cases. Genotypes were stratified into truncating (nonsense, frameshift, large deletions) and non-truncating (missense, splicing, in-frame indel) groups to assess their impact on intestinal failure severity. RESULTS: The index patient, carrying a homozygous truncating variant, presented with severe malnutrition and intestinal failure. In the pooled cohort (n = 150), truncating variants were significantly associated with dependency on total parenteral nutrition (TPN) compared to non-truncating variants (OR 2.37, 95% CI 1.15-4.90, p = 0.020). Sensitivity analysis supported this association (OR 2.42, 95% CI 1.07-5.47, p = 0.045). Geographically, truncating variants were enriched in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (OR 9.32, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Truncating EPCAM variants showed a preliminary but significant clinical association with severe intestinal failure requiring TPN. These findings support early risk stratification for aggressive nutritional management but warrant further validation in prospective cohorts. CI - (c) 2026 Zhao, Zheng, Liu, Liu, Lu and Yan. FAU - Zhao, Liqian AU - Zhao L AD - Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Zheng, Yucan AU - Zheng Y AD - Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Liu, Hao AU - Liu H AD - Department of Infection, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Liu, Zhifeng AU - Liu Z AD - Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Lu, Yan AU - Lu Y AD - Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Yan, Kunlong AU - Yan K AD - Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260521 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Pediatr JT - Frontiers in pediatrics JID - 101615492 PMC - PMC13233504 OTO - NOTNLM OT - EPCAM OT - congenital tufting enteropathy OT - genotype-phenotype analysis OT - intestinal failure OT - parenteral nutrition COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/08 12:38 MHDA- 2026/06/08 12:39 PMCR- 2026/05/21 CRDT- 2026/06/08 07:36 PHST- 2026/03/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/08 12:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/08 12:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/08 07:36 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1830464 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Pediatr. 2026 May 21;14:1830464. doi: 10.3389/fped.2026.1830464. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42254656 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260611 LR - 20260813 IS - 2167-8359 (Electronic) IS - 2167-8359 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Fecal microbiota composition concerning body mass index and early-life factors in Mexican preschool-aged children: a cross-sectional study. PG - e21253 LID - 10.7717/peerj.21253 [doi] LID - e21253 AB - BACKGROUND: The gut microbiota maturation extends beyond the first two years of life. Early perinatal and postnatal factors may influence the child's nutritional status, which, in turn, can affect the composition of their gut microbiota. METHODS: This cross-sectional study characterized the gut microbiota of 84 preschool children (ages 3 to 5) from semi-urban and urban areas in Veracruz, Mexico. Fecal samples were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Perinatal and early-life exposures were retrieved retrospectively using a validated, interviewer-administered questionnaire, while current anthropometric measurements and dietary patterns were evaluated. Children were classified by Body Mass Index (BMI) as underweight (UW), normal weight (NW), or overweight/obese (OW). RESULTS: Clinical factors such as prematurity and early feeding showed weak associations with BMI. The dietary patterns exhibited general homogeneity, showing a Western diet with no significant changes in relation to BMI. The predominant bacterial phyla were Bacillota and Bacteroidota across all BMI groups. Alpha diversity showed significant differences according to BMI categories, while no significant differences in beta diversity, or the relative abundance of major phyla, were observed. At the family level, Prevotellaceae was more abundant in underweight children, while Lachnospiraceae was more prevalent in those with higher BMI. However, these trends were not statistically significant. The findings suggest that, within this narrow age range and shared environment, gut microbiota composition is broadly similar regardless of BMI and dietary patterns, highlighting the complexity of microbiota-host interactions in early childhood. Further studies integrating functional analyses are needed to clarify the causal links between gut microbiota and a child's weight status. CI - (c)2026 Hernandez-Rodriguez et al. FAU - Hernandez-Rodriguez, Dolores AU - Hernandez-Rodriguez D AD - Instituto de Ciencias Basicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico. FAU - Contreras, Astrid AU - Contreras A AD - Centro de Investigaciones Biomedicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico. FAU - Melgar Lalanne, Guiomar AU - Melgar Lalanne G AD - Instituto de Ciencias Basicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico. FAU - Lara Arellano, Silvia Socorro AU - Lara Arellano SS AD - Facultad de Enfermeria, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico. FAU - Meza, Jose Enrique AU - Meza JE AD - Centro de Investigaciones Biomedicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico. FAU - Licona Cassani, Cuauhtemoc AU - Licona Cassani C AD - Departamento de Ingenieria Celular y Biocatalisis, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico. FAU - Viveros, Rubi AU - Viveros R AD - Centro de Investigaciones Biomedicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico. LA - eng SI - figshare/10.6084/m9.figshare.30290248.v1 PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260603 PL - United States TA - PeerJ JT - PeerJ JID - 101603425 RN - 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 16S) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Child, Preschool MH - Mexico MH - *Body Mass Index MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Feces/microbiology MH - *Gastrointestinal Microbiome MH - RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics MH - Thinness/microbiology MH - Nutritional Status MH - Overweight/microbiology MH - Retrospective Studies PMC - PMC13242193 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Body mass index OT - Childhood OT - Clinical data OT - Gut microbiota OT - Nutritional status COIS- The authors declare there are no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/08 12:39 MHDA- 2026/06/11 18:36 PMCR- 2026/06/03 CRDT- 2026/06/08 07:25 PHST- 2025/10/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/11 18:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/08 12:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/08 07:25 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 21253 [pii] AID - 10.7717/peerj.21253 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PeerJ. 2026 Jun 3;14:e21253. doi: 10.7717/peerj.21253. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42254612 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260612 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Ontology-based dietary recommendation system for Chinese children and adolescents: development and a pilot validation study. PG - 1780898 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1780898 [doi] LID - 1780898 AB - BACKGROUND: Dietary imbalances among Chinese children and adolescents are prevalent, but most recommender systems are adult-oriented and not adapted to Chinese dietary patterns or school-family meal contexts. This study aims to developed and evaluated an ontology-based dietary recommendation system for Chinese children and adolescents to improve their dietary status. METHODS: An ontology knowledge base was constructed from dietary guidelines, expert knowledge, and food and meal data. A multi-criteria decision framework generated feasible meal plans, optimized portion sizes with a genetic algorithm, and selected solutions that promote food diversity. We conducted a preliminary evaluation of the system in two pilot settings: (1) a group-level experiment using 30 days of school lunch data from a primary school, and (2) an individual-level experiment using 30 days of dietary records and health check-up data from 30 middle school students. Diet quality was assessed using the Chinese Children Dietary Index (CCDI), nutrient adequacy rates, and food-group diversity. RESULTS: In the group experiment, system-recommended lunches achieved a significantly higher average CCDI score (117.39 +/- 6.61) than actual school lunches (103.41 +/- 9.44, p < 0.001). In the individual experiment, recommended full-day meals scored higher in CCDI (110.91 +/- 9.70) compared with self-selected diets (90.61 +/- 10.77, p < 0.001). Across both settings, the system reduced deficiencies in vegetables, fruits, and aquatic products with consistent improvements in nutrient adequacy and food diversity, while maintaining alignment with dietary guidelines. CONCLUSION: To the best of our knowledge, this study presents the first ontology-driven dietary recommendation system tailored for Chinese children and adolescents. By integrating structured knowledge representation with advanced decision-making algorithms, the system demonstrates promising improvements in dietary quality, nutritional balance, and food diversity across both school and family scenarios. These findings highlight the system's potential as a practical tool for promoting healthy eating behaviors, and informing nutrition education. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Zhang, Xu, An, Yang, Xie and Deng. FAU - Zhang, Zhiyu AU - Zhang Z AD - College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. FAU - Xu, Dongdong AU - Xu D AD - College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. FAU - An, Jiye AU - An J AD - College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. FAU - Yang, Min AU - Yang M AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. AD - Center of Clinical Big Data and Analytics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. FAU - Xie, Sasa AU - Xie S AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. AD - Center of Clinical Big Data and Analytics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. FAU - Deng, Ning AU - Deng N AD - College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. AD - Binjiang Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260522 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 RN - Chinese people SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Pilot Projects MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - China MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Nutrition Policy MH - *Diet MH - Schools MH - Knowledge Bases MH - East Asian People PMC - PMC13236952 OTO - NOTNLM OT - artificial intelligence OT - children and adolescents OT - dietary recommendation OT - multi-criteria decision-making OT - ontology COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/08 12:38 MHDA- 2026/06/12 06:38 PMCR- 2026/05/22 CRDT- 2026/06/08 07:25 PHST- 2026/01/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/12 06:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/08 12:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/08 07:25 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1780898 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2026 May 22;14:1780898. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1780898. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42253746 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260608 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-861X (Print) IS - 2296-861X (Electronic) IS - 2296-861X (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2026 TI - Serum BDNF as an integrative neuro-immunometabolic marker in adolescent polycystic ovary syndrome: divergent dietary and inflammatory associations across weight phenotypes. PG - 1830074 LID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1830074 [doi] LID - 1830074 AB - BACKGROUND: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in adolescence is characterized by hormonal imbalance, low-grade inflammation, oxidative stress, and metabolic dysfunction. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) regulates energy homeostasis and neuroimmune signaling and may act as a neuroimmunometabolic integrator in PCOS. METHODS: Forty adolescent females with PCOS (26 normal weight and 14 with overweight and obesity) were evaluated. Serum BDNF, omega-3 fatty acids (EPA, DHA), uric acid, metabolic and hormonal indices, and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) were measured. Dietary intake and physical activity were assessed using validated tools. RESULTS: Serum BDNF concentrations did not differ between BMI phenotypes. After FDR correction, significant dietary associations were observed only in normal-weight participants, including energy, protein, fat, and unsaturated fatty acids. No dietary associations remained significant in patients with overweight and obesity. Across both phenotypes, BDNF was positively associated with IL-1beta, MDA, T-AOC, EPA, and uric acid. IL-6, TNF-alpha, and DHA remained significant only in normal-weight participants. No associations were found with CRP, lipid profile, sex hormones, or glucose-insulin parameters. CONCLUSION: Circulating BDNF was associated with dietary, inflammatory, and oxidative parameters, with limited evidence for endocrine associations. These findings suggest that BDNF may reflect an integrated neuroimmunometabolic profile in adolescent PCOS and should be considered exploratory, requiring confirmation in longitudinal studies. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Mizgier, Formanowicz, Sansoni, Jarzabek-Bielecka, Lombardi, Kedzia and Opydo-Szymaczek. FAU - Mizgier, Malgorzata AU - Mizgier M AD - Department of Sports Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznan, Poland. FAU - Formanowicz, Dorota AU - Formanowicz D AD - Chair and Department of Medical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland. FAU - Sansoni, Veronica AU - Sansoni V AD - Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Advanced Diagnostics, I.R.C.C.S. Ospedale Galeazzi-Sant'Ambrogio, Milano, Italy. FAU - Jarzabek-Bielecka, Grazyna AU - Jarzabek-Bielecka G AD - Division of Gynecology, Department of Gynecology, Center of General Sexology and Sexology of Developmental Age, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland. FAU - Lombardi, Giovanni AU - Lombardi G AD - Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Advanced Diagnostics, I.R.C.C.S. Ospedale Galeazzi-Sant'Ambrogio, Milano, Italy. AD - Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznan, Poland. FAU - Kedzia, Witold AU - Kedzia W AD - Division of Gynecology, Department of Gynecology, Center of General Sexology and Sexology of Developmental Age, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland. FAU - Opydo-Szymaczek, Justyna AU - Opydo-Szymaczek J AD - Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260521 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Nutr JT - Frontiers in nutrition JID - 101642264 PMC - PMC13233441 OTO - NOTNLM OT - BDNF OT - adolescence OT - antioxidant defence OT - diet OT - inflammation OT - insulin sensitivity OT - omega-3 fatty acids OT - oxidative stress COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author MM declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision. EDAT- 2026/06/08 12:38 MHDA- 2026/06/08 12:39 PMCR- 2026/05/21 CRDT- 2026/06/08 07:18 PHST- 2026/03/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/08 12:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/08 12:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/08 07:18 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1830074 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Nutr. 2026 May 21;13:1830074. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1830074. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42253219 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261020 LR - 20261020 IS - 1467-1107 (Electronic) IS - 1047-9511 (Print) IS - 1047-9511 (Linking) VI - 36 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Assessment of improvements in exercise tolerance following pulmonary valve replacement using physical accelerometry. PG - 1208-1214 LID - 10.1017/S1047951126113493 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Pulmonary valve replacement may be required for patients with pulmonary valve disease. Exertional symptoms related to cardiovascular disease are an indication for pulmonary valve replacement; however, quantification of symptom improvement postoperatively is challenging, and previous studies have yielded mixed data. Accelerometry has the potential to remotely monitor changes in exercise tolerance following pulmonary valve replacement. METHODS: Individuals (n = 18) age >13 years scheduled for catheter-based or surgical pulmonary valve replacement were prospectively enrolled. Participants were instructed to wear two Link GT9X accelerometers, placed on dominant wrist and one ankle, for seven days and nights before pulmonary valve replacement and again 3-6 months after the procedure. RESULTS: The cohort's median age was 26.5 [16.0, 35.0] years old. Compliance of both wrist and ankle accelerometers had a median of 96% or greater at both timepoints suggesting adequate participation. Accelerometry showed stability between participants. Quantitative analysis using pre-and post-pulmonary valve replacement accelerometer-derived measures yielded no significant differences. There was a significant decrease in the average score for items "Shortness of Breath with Strenuous Activity," "Extent Symptoms Impact Daily Activities," and "Challenges with Activities of Daily Living." Furthermore, all 9 individuals with baseline exertional intolerance had resolution of symptom in postoperative assessment. CONCLUSION: Reliability of accelerometer-derived activity measurements supports usage of physical accelerometry as a remote outcome measure to reduce patient burden for onsite assessment. Mixed qualitative versus quantitative improvement in physical activity tolerance observed in this study aligns with previous studies on variable improvement in exercise tolerance following pulmonary valve replacement. This discrepancy suggests the need for a different quantitative mechanism to measure benefit. FAU - Joy, Nicholas AU - Joy N AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-1400-797X AD - Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, USA. ROR: https://ror.org/05dq2gs74 FAU - Soslow, Jonathan H AU - Soslow JH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9194-5330 AD - Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, USA. ROR: https://ror.org/05dq2gs74 FAU - Crum, Kimberly AU - Crum K AD - Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, USA. ROR: https://ror.org/05dq2gs74 FAU - Killian, Mary AU - Killian M AD - Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, USA. ROR: https://ror.org/05dq2gs74 AD - Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, USA. FAU - Sunthankar, Sudeep AU - Sunthankar S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2687-8204 AD - Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, USA. ROR: https://ror.org/05dq2gs74 LA - eng GR - R01 HL167969/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - P50 HD106446/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 FD006649/FD/FDA HHS/United States GR - R56 HL141248/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - K23 HL123938/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260608 PL - England TA - Cardiol Young JT - Cardiology in the young JID - 9200019 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Exercise Tolerance/physiology MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Accelerometry/methods MH - *Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation MH - *Pulmonary Valve/surgery MH - Adult MH - Prospective Studies MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC13311448 MID - NIHMS2175068 OTO - NOTNLM OT - accelerometry OT - exercise tolerance OT - pulmonary valve replacement OT - tetralogy of Fallot COIS- Dr Soslow has received a grant from Ametris, LLC. to conduct an observational study, however no associated data was used in development of this manuscript. EDAT- 2026/06/08 12:38 MHDA- 2026/10/20 17:34 PMCR- 2026/06/29 CRDT- 2026/06/08 06:43 PHST- 2026/10/20 17:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/08 12:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/08 06:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1047951126113493 [pii] AID - 10.1017/S1047951126113493 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cardiol Young. 2026 Jun;36(6):1208-1214. doi: 10.1017/S1047951126113493. Epub 2026 Jun 8. PMID- 42252548 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260817 LR - 20260819 IS - 1440-1754 (Electronic) IS - 1034-4810 (Print) IS - 1034-4810 (Linking) VI - 62 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Role of Skinfold Thickness and MUAC in Predicting Insulin Resistance: ROC And Regression Analysis. PG - 1482-1488 LID - 10.1111/jpc.70456 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Early detection of insulin resistance (IR) in children is essential to prevent long-term metabolic complications. Simple anthropometric measures-mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) and skinfold thickness-are widely used, but their predictive value, especially when age-standardized, remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of raw, SDS, and percentile MUAC and skinfold measurements in predicting IR in patients with obesity and adolescents. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 171 participants with obesity aged 6-18 years. Anthropometric measurements were recorded and converted to SDS and percentile values. Insulin resistance was evaluated using HOMA-IR with pubertal-stage-adjusted cutoffs. Logistic regression and ROC analyses were applied. RESULTS: Insulin resistance was present in 56.1% of participants. Both MUAC and skinfold thickness showed significant positive associations with IR; however, standardized measures (SDS and percentiles) demonstrated markedly stronger predictive value than raw measurements. Skinfold thickness SDS emerged as the strongest independent predictor of IR (OR = 12.04, p < 0.001), followed by MUAC SDS (OR = 7.28, p < 0.001). ROC analysis showed excellent discriminatory power for skinfold SDS (AUC = 0.82), with an optimal cutoff of 1.48 (76% sensitivity, 80% specificity). MUAC SDS also performed well (AUC = 0.76; cutoff = 1.10). CONCLUSION: Skinfold thickness SDS and MUAC SDS are strong, practical, and non-invasive markers for predicting insulin resistance in paediatric patients with obesity. Standardized measurements clearly outperform raw values and should be integrated into routine clinical assessment to enhance early detection of metabolic risk. CI - (c) 2026 Paediatrics and Child Health Division (The Royal Australasian College of Physicians). FAU - Gurcan Kaya, Neslihan AU - Gurcan Kaya N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1813-7780 AD - Depatmament of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Kinali Cetin, Yasemin AU - Kinali Cetin Y AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-5604-5759 AD - Depatmament of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260607 PL - Australia TA - J Paediatr Child Health JT - Journal of paediatrics and child health JID - 9005421 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Insulin Resistance MH - Child MH - *Skinfold Thickness MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - ROC Curve MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - *Anthropometry/methods MH - *Arm/anatomy & histology MH - Regression Analysis MH - *Pediatric Obesity PMC - PMC13480573 OTO - NOTNLM OT - HOMA-IR OT - MUAC OT - anthropometry OT - insulin resistance OT - paediatric obesity OT - skinfold thickness COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/08 06:36 MHDA- 2026/08/17 17:45 PMCR- 2026/08/17 CRDT- 2026/06/08 00:22 PHST- 2026/05/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/17 17:45 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/08 06:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:22 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JPC70456 [pii] AID - 10.1111/jpc.70456 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Paediatr Child Health. 2026 Aug;62(8):1482-1488. doi: 10.1111/jpc.70456. Epub 2026 Jun 7. PMID- 42252458 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260812 LR - 20260815 IS - 2055-5784 (Print) IS - 2055-5784 (Electronic) IS - 2055-5784 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 8 TI - Combining self-regulation and poverty reduction to prevent depression and anxiety among adolescents experiencing multi-dimensional poverty in Colombia, Nepal and South Africa: study protocol of a pilot 4-arm cluster randomised controlled trial. LID - 10.1186/s40814-026-01858-y [doi] LID - 113 AB - BACKGROUND: Poverty is associated with depression and anxiety among adolescents, but evidence of interventions that prevent adolescent depression and anxiety among adolescents living in poverty is weak. Interventions either focus on reducing poverty or addressing depression and anxiety, but an approach that combines both may offer larger benefit. This multi-site parallel pilot cluster randomised controlled trial (cRCT) evaluates the feasibility and acceptability of a selective preventive intervention for depression and anxiety that simultaneously intervenes on both poverty and self-regulation among adolescents living in urban poverty. METHODS: The study takes place in Bogota (Colombia), Kathmandu (Nepal) and Cape Town (South Africa). The pilot cRCT has four arms: (i) self-regulation intervention, (ii) economic intervention, (iii) combined (self-regulation + economic) intervention, and (iv) control group (care as usual). Interventions consist of 20 weekly group sessions with adolescents, and 6 monthly group sessions with their caregivers. The self-regulation intervention for adolescents includes psychological activities (mindfulness breathing, problem solving, biofeedback and goal setting) and a physical activity. The economic intervention includes three dimensions (financial training, negotiation training, education information) and a monthly cash transfer. In each site, the aim was to recruit 240 adolescents and their caregivers across eight schools (clusters), with two schools randomised to each arm. Adolescents residing in areas at risk of multidimensional poverty and who had symptoms of depression or anxiety, but who did not meet thresholds indicating depression and anxiety disorders, were considered for enrolment. Recruitment into the study is complete: a total of 628 adolescents and 536 caregivers were enrolled. Participants will be assessed four times: at enrolment, post-intervention and at 12 and 18 months post-enrolment. Primary outcomes include feasibility and acceptability criteria for study and intervention delivery procedures (i.e. randomisation, masking, recruitment, retention, missingness, fidelity, attendance, adverse events) defined as traffic light criteria to assess progression to an adequately powered trial. Secondary outcomes include self-report instruments, physiological measures and neuropsychological tasks. DISCUSSION: The effectiveness of combining self-regulation and anti-poverty interventions remains untested. This study will establish the feasibility and acceptability of delivering such an intervention, as well as test the trial procedures to inform a future adequately powered trial. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRCTN 14601588. Retrospectively registered. Date: 19 May 2024. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Jordans, Mark J D AU - Jordans MJD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5925-8039 AD - Center for Global Mental Health, Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AB, UK. mark.jordans@kcl.ac.uk. FAU - Lund, Crick AU - Lund C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5159-8220 AD - Center for Global Mental Health, Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AB, UK. AD - Alan J Flisher Centre for Public Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Cape Town, South Africa. FAU - Garman, Emily C AU - Garman EC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8128-5997 AD - Alan J Flisher Centre for Public Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Cape Town, South Africa. FAU - Bonifaz, Manuel Seifert AU - Bonifaz MS AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-3458-2440 AD - Center for Global Mental Health, Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AB, UK. FAU - Avendano, Mauricio AU - Avendano M AD - Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisante), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. AD - Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, USA. FAU - Bauer, Annette AU - Bauer A AD - Care Policy and Evaluation Centre, London, School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK. FAU - Dedios Sanguineti, Maria Cecilia AU - Dedios Sanguineti MC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6141-304X AD - School of Government, Universidad de los Andes, Bogota, Colombia. AD - Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA. FAU - Eleftheriou, Georgia AU - Eleftheriou G AD - Center for Global Mental Health Equity, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA. FAU - Evans-Lacko, Sara AU - Evans-Lacko S AD - Care Policy and Evaluation Centre, London, School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK. FAU - Jaramillo, Sandra Garcia AU - Jaramillo SG AD - School of Government, Universidad de los Andes, Bogota, Colombia. FAU - Garcia, Juan Felipe AU - Garcia JF AD - Innovations for Poverty Action (IPA) Colombia, Bogota, Colombia. FAU - Gautam, Kamal AU - Gautam K AD - Transcultural Psychosocial Organization (TPO) Nepal, Baluwatar Kathmandu, Nepal. FAU - Gevonden, Martin AU - Gevonden M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7867-1443 AD - Department of Biological Psychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - Jacobs, Roxanne AU - Jacobs R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0922-1286 AD - Alan J Flisher Centre for Public Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Cape Town, South Africa. FAU - Kohrt, Brandon A AU - Kohrt BA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3829-4820 AD - Center for Global Mental Health Equity, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA. FAU - Krabbendam, Lydia AU - Krabbendam L AD - Department Clinical Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - Luitel, Nagendra P AU - Luitel NP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8291-0205 AD - Center for Global Mental Health Equity, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA. AD - Transcultural Psychosocial Organization (TPO) Nepal, Baluwatar Kathmandu, Nepal. FAU - van der Merwe, Nicci AU - van der Merwe N AD - Waves for Change, Muizenberg, South Africa. FAU - Piedrahita, Juan Jose Castellanos AU - Piedrahita JJC AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-9471-2322 AD - War Child Alliance, Bogota, Colombia. FAU - Singh, Rakesh AU - Singh R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0016-6903 AD - Center for Global Mental Health, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. AD - Department of Research, Transcultural Psychosocial Organization (TPO) Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal. FAU - Sinichi, Mohammadamin AU - Sinichi M AD - Department Clinical Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - Trujillo, Daniela AU - Trujillo D AD - Innovations for Poverty Action (IPA) Colombia, Bogota, Colombia. AD - Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. FAU - Sorsdahl, Katherine AU - Sorsdahl K AD - Alan J Flisher Centre for Public Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Cape Town, South Africa. FAU - Roy, Sanchari AU - Roy S AD - Department of Economics, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK. AD - Department of International Development, King's College London, London, UK. FAU - Tol, Wietse A AU - Tol WA AD - Section of Global Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. AD - Athena Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. AD - ARQ International, ARQ Psychotrauma Centre, Diemen, the Netherlands. FAU - Rojas, Daniela AU - Rojas D AD - Innovations for Poverty Action (IPA) Colombia, Bogota, Colombia. FAU - Yarrow, Paula AU - Yarrow P AD - Waves for Change, Muizenberg, South Africa. LA - eng GR - WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom GR - 221940/Z/20/Z/WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260608 PL - England TA - Pilot Feasibility Stud JT - Pilot and feasibility studies JID - 101676536 PMC - PMC13465900 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescence OT - Anxiety OT - Cash transfer OT - Depression OT - Poverty OT - Prevention OT - Self-regulation COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study received ethics approval on 18 March 2024 from the King's College London's Health Faculty Research Ethics Subcommittee (reference HR/DP-23/24-40543) (rec@kcl.ac.uk; tel: + 44207848 4070/4077/3871). Ethics approval was also obtained by each of the data collection sites' Institutional Review Boards: The Faculty of Health Sciences' Human Research Ethics Committee at the University of Cape Town (South Africa) (reference number HREC315/2022), Innovations for Poverty Action's Institutional Review Board (Colombia) (reference number 4062) and the Ethical Review Board of the Nepal Health Research Council (Nepal) (reference number 1938, protocol reg. no. 167_2024). All participants recruited in the study provided informed written consent/assent to take part in the study and for publication. Approval for any amendments to the study will be sought from all Ethics Committees, and this will be communicated to ISRCTN and the DSMB. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/08 00:35 MHDA- 2026/06/08 00:36 PMCR- 2026/06/08 CRDT- 2026/06/07 23:38 PHST- 2024/10/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/07 23:38 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s40814-026-01858-y [pii] AID - 1858 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s40814-026-01858-y [doi] PST - epublish SO - Pilot Feasibility Stud. 2026 Jun 8;12(1):113. doi: 10.1186/s40814-026-01858-y. PMID- 42252390 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260812 LR - 20260814 IS - 2050-7283 (Electronic) IS - 2050-7283 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 8 TI - Construction and validation of interpersonal violence in terms of the hot weather scale for university students. LID - 10.1186/s40359-026-04929-0 [doi] LID - 1179 AB - The development and validation of interpersonal violence in terms of hot weather scale is the goal of the current study. The initial pool of items was developed by reviewing the literature and taking into account the results of semi-structured interviews (inductive & deductive approach). After expert opinion and ensuring content validity, 25 Items were finalized for further analysis. To run an exploratory factor analysis, data were collected from 1,000 university students. EFA revealed a unidimensional factor structure with 16 retained items, explaining 80.2% of the variance. The scale's 0.98 Cronbach's alpha demonstrates a good level of internal consistency. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed a unidimensional factor structure with 16 items retained on an independent sample of 350 university students. Convergent and divergent validity of the scale was assessed through an independent sample (n = 440). The results showed that there was a strong positive relationship of interpersonal violence in terms of hot weather, with aggression, and a non-significant relationship with eating behavior. The scale can be regarded as a psychometrically reliable tool to assess interpersonal violence in terms of hot weather. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Ghayas, Saba AU - Ghayas S AD - Department of Psychology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan. saba.ghayas@uos.edu.pk. FAU - Varrasi, Simone AU - Varrasi S AD - Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, Via Teatro Greco 84, Catania, 95124, Italy. FAU - Platania, Giuseppe Alessio AU - Platania GA AD - Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, Via Teatro Greco 84, Catania, 95124, Italy. FAU - Guerrera, Claudia Savia AU - Guerrera CS AD - Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, Via Teatro Greco 84, Catania, 95124, Italy. FAU - Boccaccio, Francesco Maria AU - Boccaccio FM AD - Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, Via Teatro Greco 84, Catania, 95124, Italy. FAU - Torre, Vittoria AU - Torre V AD - Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, Via Teatro Greco 84, Catania, 95124, Italy. FAU - Pirrone, Concetta AU - Pirrone C AD - Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, Via Teatro Greco 84, Catania, 95124, Italy. FAU - Coco, Emanuele AU - Coco E AD - Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, Via Teatro Greco 84, Catania, 95124, Italy. FAU - Castellano, Sabrina AU - Castellano S AD - Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, Via Teatro Greco 84, Catania, 95124, Italy. FAU - Ferraioli, Francesca AU - Ferraioli F AD - Laboratory of Cognitive and Social Neuroscience, Department of Cognitive Science, Psychology, Education and Cultural Studies (COSPECS), University of Messina, Messina, Italy. FAU - Massimino, Simona AU - Massimino S AD - Laboratory of Cognitive and Social Neuroscience, Department of Cognitive Science, Psychology, Education and Cultural Studies (COSPECS), University of Messina, Messina, Italy. FAU - Mahar, Amama AU - Mahar A AD - Department of Psychology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan. FAU - Akmal, Rashida AU - Akmal R AD - Department of Psychology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260608 PL - England TA - BMC Psychol JT - BMC psychology JID - 101627676 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Psychometrics/instrumentation MH - *Students/psychology MH - Female MH - Universities MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Young Adult MH - Male MH - *Violence/psychology MH - *Interpersonal Relations MH - Adult MH - Factor Analysis, Statistical MH - *Weather MH - Aggression/psychology MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Adolescent MH - *Hot Temperature PMC - PMC13466488 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Confirmatory factor analysis OT - Exploratory factor analysis OT - Hot weather OT - Interpersonal violence OT - Psychometric properties OT - Scale development COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The research process was planned and executed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was taken from the IRB, University of Sargodha (IRB 22/ 2023). Moreover, the topic was also reviewed by the departmental ethical committee, Department of Educational Science, University of Catania, Italy. Lastly, Written informed consent was taken from participants. Consent for publication: NA. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/08 00:35 MHDA- 2026/08/12 06:05 PMCR- 2026/06/08 CRDT- 2026/06/07 23:23 PHST- 2025/10/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/12 06:05 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/07 23:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s40359-026-04929-0 [pii] AID - 4929 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s40359-026-04929-0 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Psychol. 2026 Jun 8;14(1):1179. doi: 10.1186/s40359-026-04929-0. PMID- 42251767 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260921 LR - 20261001 IS - 1935-5548 (Electronic) IS - 0149-5992 (Print) IS - 0149-5992 (Linking) VI - 49 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct 1 TI - Early Pregnancy Glycemic Testing for Prediction of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Large-for-Gestational-Age Birth Weight. PG - 1779-1789 LID - 10.2337/dc26-0302 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: We evaluated whether early pregnancy oral glucose tolerance testing (OGTT) or continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) improves gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) or large-for-gestational-age (LGA) birth prediction over clinical factors alone. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: In the Glycemic Observation and Metabolic Outcomes in Mothers and Offspring (GO MOMs) study, a prospective observational study at nine U.S. sites (2021-2025), participants with singleton gestation and without preexisting diabetes underwent blinded 75-g OGTT and CGM at 10-14 weeks' gestation. Predictive models for GDM at 24-28 weeks and LGA were developed using these data and clinical factors (maternal age, BMI, GDM or macrosomia history). New glycemic criteria maximized the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve in training data from four sites and were validated in five. Models incorporating OGTT or CGM criteria versus clinical factors alone compared positive predictive value (PPV) at a prespecified negative predictive value (NPV) at a reported 8.3% national GDM prevalence and 10% for LGA. RESULTS: Of 2,178 participants, 93.3% who were pregnant at 24-28 weeks completed OGTTs (15.4% GDM), and 98.1% with live births had data to determine LGA (11.2% LGA). At NPV >/=96% and 8.3% GDM prevalence, PPV for GDM was 12.2% (95% CI 11.0-13.3%) for clinical factors alone, 26.5% (23.1-30.3%) for OGTT plus clinical factors, and 19.8% (17.2-22.5%) for CGM plus clinical factors. For LGA, neither glycemic model improved PPV. Validation confirmed findings. CONCLUSIONS: In a U.S.-representative population, adding 10- to 14-week OGTT or CGM criteria to clinical factors improved GDM but not LGA prediction. Future studies should determine whether predicting GDM in the first trimester facilitates interventions that improve GDM-related pregnancy outcomes. CI - (c) 2026 by the American Diabetes Association. CN - GO MOMs Study Group* LA - eng GR - U01 DK123783/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DK123759/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DK123745/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - U01DK123795/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - U01DK123791/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - U01DK123745/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DK123799/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DK123795/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DK123791/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - U01DK123783/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - U01DK123759/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - U01DK123799/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study PL - United States TA - Diabetes Care JT - Diabetes care JID - 7805975 RN - 0 (Blood Glucose) SB - IM CIN - Diabetes Care. 2026 Oct 1;49(10):1768-1770. doi: 10.2337/dci26-0079. PMID: 42766766 MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *Diabetes, Gestational/diagnosis/blood MH - Infant, Large for Gestational Age MH - Glucose Tolerance Test MH - Adult MH - Continuous Glucose Monitoring MH - Blood Glucose/metabolism MH - Prospective Studies MH - *Birth Weight/physiology MH - Infant, Newborn PMC - PMC13594796 COIS- Duality of Interest. C.E.P. reported receiving speaker fees and honoraria from Mediflix and Medscape, speaker fees from the Endocrine Society, royalties from Wolters Kluwer/UpToDate, honoraria from the American Diabetes Association, and research funding to her institution from Dexcom. No other potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article were reported. FIR - Scholtens, Denise IR - Scholtens D FIR - Siddique, Juned IR - Siddique J FIR - Bustamante, Patricia IR - Bustamante P FIR - Cheung, Ying Jennifer IR - Cheung YJ FIR - Grott, Tania IR - Grott T FIR - Kuang, Alan IR - Kuang A FIR - Banker, Margaret IR - Banker M FIR - Tull, Mary Beth IR - Tull MB FIR - Guachichullca, Jessica IR - Guachichullca J EDAT- 2026/06/07 18:43 MHDA- 2026/09/21 17:47 PMCR- 2026/06/07 CRDT- 2026/06/07 17:33 PHST- 2026/02/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/21 17:47 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/07 18:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/07 17:33 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 170064 [pii] AID - 260302 [pii] AID - 10.2337/dc26-0302 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Diabetes Care. 2026 Oct 1;49(10):1779-1789. doi: 10.2337/dc26-0302. PMID- 42251728 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260611 LR - 20260813 IS - 2057-4347 (Electronic) IS - 2057-4347 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Applying Automated Artificial Intelligence Models on Lateral Cephalometric Parameters to Accurately Classify Arab Orthodontic Patient Patterns. PG - e70372 LID - 10.1002/cre2.70372 [doi] LID - e70372 AB - OBJECTIVES: Malocclusion and the treatment process can affect the person's quality of life, which includes physical and psychological effects. Classifying the patient accurately is critical to achieving the desired output. This study aimed to improve the current diagnostic process with artificial-intelligence algorithms using the lateral cephalogram. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study sample consisted of 1014 Arab patients diagnosed with skeletal class I, II, or III. In this study, we used linear discriminant analysis (LDA), random forest (RF), decision tree (DT), K-nearest neighbors (KNN), support vector machine (SVM), and naive Bayes (NB) as classification models. In addition, we calculated the parameters' importance using two techniques-the impurity decreases and the leave-one-feature-out (LOFO) technique. Finally, we applied an artificial neural network (ANN) to classify the patients accurately. RESULTS: One of the influential models presented in this study was the model that included only the parameters Wits appraisal, SNB, SNA, and ML-NSL angles. It could classify the patients with an accuracy of 0.98. In addition, we applied the leave-one-feature-out technique (LOFO) for multiple random forest models and found that the Calculated_ANB (ANB angle-individualized ANB) and Wits appraisal were the most important parameters in the random forest models. Besides, age and gender were in 8th and 21st places (out of 26 variables). Furthermore, the decision tree results demonstrated the distinct characteristics of this ethnic group, which were presented by different ranges of ANB angles that define every skeletal class. The results showed that the tree's root classified the patient as skeletal class III when the ANB angle is less than 0.084 degrees, and skeletal class II if the ANB angle is greater than 1.23. CONCLUSIONS: In summary, this research presented a model enabling orthodontists to precisely classify orthodontic patients. Further research should include different ethnic groups to validate our findings. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Clinical and Experimental Dental Research published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Midlej, Kareem AU - Midlej K AD - Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Gray Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. FAU - Proff, Peter AU - Proff P AD - Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital of Regensburg, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany. FAU - Watted, Nezar AU - Watted N AD - Center for Dentistry Research and Aesthetics, Jatt, Israel. AD - Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Arab American University, Jenin, Palestine. FAU - Iraqi, Fuad A AU - Iraqi FA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5525-206X AD - Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Gray Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. AD - Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital of Regensburg, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany. LA - eng GR - Tel Aviv University, Israel/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - Clin Exp Dent Res JT - Clinical and experimental dental research JID - 101692332 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Cephalometry/methods MH - Female MH - *Malocclusion/diagnosis/classification MH - Random Forest MH - Male MH - Classification Algorithms MH - Arabs MH - Decision Trees MH - *Artificial Intelligence MH - Discriminant Analysis MH - Neural Networks, Computer MH - Adolescent MH - Bayes Theorem MH - Support Vector Machine MH - Child MH - Algorithms PMC - PMC13242863 OTO - NOTNLM OT - cephalometric parameters OT - deep-learning OT - diagnosis OT - machine-learning OT - personalized medicine OT - skeletal malocclusion COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/07 18:41 MHDA- 2026/06/11 06:37 PMCR- 2026/06/07 CRDT- 2026/06/07 14:22 PHST- 2026/03/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/11/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/11 06:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/07 18:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/07 14:22 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - CRE270372 [pii] AID - 10.1002/cre2.70372 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Clin Exp Dent Res. 2026 Jun;12(3):e70372. doi: 10.1002/cre2.70372. PMID- 42251514 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260611 LR - 20260611 IS - 0975-4466 (Electronic) IS - 0256-4947 (Linking) VI - 46 IP - 3 DP - 2026 May-Jun TI - Establishment and validation of reference intervals for the neutrophil CD64 index in a healthy adult population from Guangxi, China. PG - 216-224 LID - 10.5144/0256-4947.2026.216 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The neutrophil CD64 (nCD64) index is a potent biomarker for infectious diseases; however, the lack of standardized reference intervals (RIs) limits its clinical utility. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to establish and validate reference intervals (RIs) for the nCD64 index specifically for the Guangxi population using flow cytometry. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTINGS: Conducted in Guangxi, China. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 494 healthy adults (aged 18-83 years) were enrolled. Peripheral blood nCD64 expression was measured via flow cytometry. Reference intervals were determined using the non-parametric 95th percentile method (2.5th-97.5th) per CLSI EP28-A3c guidelines. Validation was performed in an independent cohort (n=30). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome was the 95% reference interval for the nCD64 index. Secondary outcomes included correlations between nCD64 index and sex, age, BMI, and primary hematological parameters. SAMPLE SIZE: 494 healthy adults for establishment, plus 30 independent subjects for validation. RESULTS: No clinically significant differences in the nCD64 index were found between sexes or across age groups, and partitioning was not required. The nCD64 index exhibited a skewed distribution. Although sex showed a weak positive correlation with nCD64 expression (r=.115, P=.011), the standard normal deviation test (z/=108 degrees (sensitivity 95.24%, specificity 93.15%). Stratified analysis confirmed the therapeutic superiority of Abbe flap was independent of initial cleft type, and preoperative lip height index (LHI) and intercanthal width to medial upper lip height ratio (IMWH) were independent predictors for optimal postoperative outcomes. CONCLUSION: Preoperative ULR /=108 degrees can be used as preliminary objective quantitative reference criteria for Abbe flap selection in secondary cleft lip deformity patients, with prospective multi-center validation required for further clinical generalization. The Abbe flap can achieve significant correction of morphological abnormalities caused by upper lip tissue deficiency, and preoperative LHI and IMWH can assist in prognostic evaluation for surgical candidates. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 British Association of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - He, Wen AU - He W AD - Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 136 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400014, China. Electronic address: 1738591282@qq.com. FAU - Qiu, Lin AU - Qiu L AD - Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 136 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400014, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260529 PL - Netherlands TA - J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg JT - Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS JID - 101264239 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Cleft Lip/surgery MH - *Surgical Flaps MH - Female MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Male MH - Treatment Outcome MH - *Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Lip/surgery MH - Adolescent MH - Infant OTO - NOTNLM OT - Abbe flap OT - Anthropometric measurement OT - Quantitative indication OT - Secondary cleft lip deformity OT - Surgical outcome COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest None declared. EDAT- 2026/06/06 00:34 MHDA- 2026/06/27 00:53 CRDT- 2026/06/05 18:03 PHST- 2026/04/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 00:53 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/06 00:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/05 18:03 [entrez] AID - S1748-6815(26)00316-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.bjps.2026.05.050 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2026 Jul;118:313-324. doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2026.05.050. Epub 2026 May 29. PMID- 42247677 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260611 LR - 20260911 IS - 2291-5222 (Electronic) IS - 2291-5222 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 Jun 5 TI - Automated Physical Activity Support for Adults and Youth From Low-Income Communities: Single-Arm Pilot Study. PG - e76991 LID - 10.2196/76991 [doi] LID - e76991 AB - BACKGROUND: Mobile health (mHealth) interventions are growing in popularity, but less research has focused on low-income families, particularly interventions integrating wearable devices with automated personalized messages. OBJECTIVE: We tested a preliminary wearable-integrated mHealth intervention with initial personalization elements among adults and youth from low-income urban communities, focusing on feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary evidence of physical activity behavior. METHODS: Participants were 83 adults and 31 youth recruited through community health events held in low-income urban communities. Using a single-arm pre-post design, participants were enrolled into a 7-week beta-version mHealth intervention that integrated a Garmin activity monitor with automated text messages. Messages were sent 4 days/week and focused on increasing step counts using theory-based behavior change techniques related to goal setting, self-monitoring, reinforcement, contextual factors, and self-efficacy. Most messages were personalized by including calculations based on the step-count and step-goal data, using branching logic, and using 2-way question-and-response messages. Feasibility measures included enrollment, retention, fidelity of message delivery, and adherence to wearing the Garmin device. Acceptability measures included survey items and engagement with responding to 2-way messages. Changes in daily steps were explored using mixed-effects linear regression. RESULTS: Enrollment and eligibility rates were 64% (84/132, adults) and 63% (31/49, youth), retention for physical activity measures was 84% (70/83) and 77% (24/31), and 99% (3910/3955) of the intended messages were delivered. Adults and youth adhered to wearing the Garmin on 82% (45/56) and 79% (44/56) of the study days, respectively. Overall acceptability ratings were 83% to 100%, with 97% (75/77) of adults and 100% (27/27) of youth indicating they would recommend the program. Adults and youth replied to a mean of 2.6 (SD 2.2) and 3.2 (SD 2.7) of the 7 text messages that asked for a reply, with higher engagement among adults who participated with their child. Pre-post changes in daily steps were beta=240 (95% CI -387 to 866) for adults and beta=413 (95% CI -877 to 1703) among youth, with larger changes observed among those in the highest tertile of engagement (adults: beta=584, 95% CI -784 to 1952; n=19; youth: beta=941, 95% CI -827 to 2709; n=11) and those who were meeting less than two-thirds of the physical activity guideline at baseline (adults: beta=609, 95% CI -30 to 1247; n=47; youth: beta=1406, 95% CI -94 to 2907; n=22). CONCLUSIONS: Personalized mHealth physical activity interventions integrating wearable step trackers with automated text messaging appear to be feasible and acceptable among adults and youth from low-income communities. Step-count findings show promise for the intervention's ability to support individuals who are further from meeting physical activity guidelines and warrant more research among parent-child dyads. Overall, findings support additional research to optimize and evaluate similar interventions within this population group using fully powered randomized controlled trials. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05110508; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05110508. CI - (c)Jordan A Carlson, Frank Materia, Mallory Moon, Suryeon Ryu, Cory Yeager, Chelsea Steel, Kacee Shields, Harpreet Singh Gill, Jannette Berkley-Patton, Delwyn Catley. Originally published in JMIR mHealth and uHealth (https://mhealth.jmir.org), 05.06.2026. FAU - Carlson, Jordan A AU - Carlson JA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6008-7983 AD - Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles & Nutrition, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, United States. FAU - Materia, Frank AU - Materia F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8015-1743 AD - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States. AD - Department of Population Health, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States. FAU - Moon, Mallory AU - Moon M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-3332-7049 AD - Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles & Nutrition, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, United States. FAU - Ryu, Suryeon AU - Ryu S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8080-8821 AD - Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles & Nutrition, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, United States. FAU - Yeager, Cory AU - Yeager C AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-9273-9519 AD - Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles & Nutrition, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, United States. FAU - Steel, Chelsea AU - Steel C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7119-5840 AD - Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles & Nutrition, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, United States. FAU - Shields, Kacee AU - Shields K AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-9302-3093 AD - Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles & Nutrition, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, United States. FAU - Gill, Harpreet Singh AU - Gill HS AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-9512-7615 AD - Research Informatics, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, United States. FAU - Berkley-Patton, Jannette AU - Berkley-Patton J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0235-7057 AD - Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, United States. FAU - Catley, Delwyn AU - Catley D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7270-8732 AD - Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT05110508 PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260605 PL - Canada TA - JMIR Mhealth Uhealth JT - JMIR mHealth and uHealth JID - 101624439 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Pilot Projects MH - Female MH - *Poverty/statistics & numerical data/psychology MH - Adult MH - Male MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - Adolescent MH - Middle Aged MH - Digital Health MH - Text Messaging/instrumentation/statistics & numerical data MH - Telemedicine/instrumentation MH - Wearable Electronic Devices/statistics & numerical data/standards PMC - PMC13282599 OTO - NOTNLM OT - African American OT - community engagement OT - medically underserved OT - text messaging OT - wearables COIS- Conflicts of Interest: None declared. EDAT- 2026/06/05 18:36 MHDA- 2026/06/11 06:39 PMCR- 2026/06/05 CRDT- 2026/06/05 16:53 PHST- 2025/05/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/11 06:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/05 18:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/05 16:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v14i1e76991 [pii] AID - 10.2196/76991 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JMIR Mhealth Uhealth. 2026 Jun 5;14:e76991. doi: 10.2196/76991. PMID- 42247675 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260611 LR - 20260908 IS - 1929-0748 (Electronic) IS - 1929-0748 (Linking) VI - 15 DP - 2026 Jun 5 TI - Evaluating the Effectiveness of the School-Based Sustainable Innovation for Children Transporting Actively Intervention: Protocol for an Age-Cohort Study. PG - e92946 LID - 10.2196/92946 [doi] LID - e92946 AB - BACKGROUND: Few children achieve the recommended daily levels of physical activity. Active school transportation (AST) offers a valuable opportunity to increase children's physical activity. Initiatives promoting AST in early childhood are important and have the potential to reverse the decline in physical activity. OBJECTIVE: This study protocol outlines an age-cohort design to evaluate the effectiveness of the Sustainable Innovation for Children Transporting Actively (SICTA) intervention on children's AST. METHODS: SICTA is a 4-week school-based intervention that incorporates gamification elements to enhance motivation and aims to increase AST in children. The intervention involves children and their parents as gatekeepers, as well as teachers delivering the intervention. All children, parents, and teachers in all schools, from grades 4 to 6 in one municipality in the southern part of Sweden, will be invited to participate in the evaluation. Following the age-cohort design, students at baseline (late fall 2024) will be compared with students of the same age from the same schools 1 year later at follow-up (late fall 2025) after receiving the intervention (implemented in late fall 2025). Using questionnaires at baseline and follow-up, this study will examine the effects of the intervention on children's levels of AST. Children's independent mobility and several mediators related to AST in both children and parents, based on the theory of planned behavior, the transtheoretical model of change, and self-determination theory, will also be examined. The intervention will also be evaluated from a sustainable perspective using the sustainable value equation. At follow-up, data collection will include a questionnaire for teachers assessing the feasibility of the intervention. RESULTS: The project is funded for the period 2024-2026, and follow-up data collection is ongoing following completion of the intervention in late fall 2025. Results will be reported according to the predefined outcomes, including changes in AST, children's independent mobility, psychosocial determinants among children and parents, and sustainability outcomes, as well as feasibility. CONCLUSIONS: The findings are expected to provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of the SICTA intervention, facilitating knowledge dissemination among end users and policymakers. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Swedish National Research Database Researchweb.org 283668; https://tinyurl.com/496rc6r4. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/92946. CI - (c)Hanna Forsberg, Anna-Karin Lindqvist, Stina Rutberg, Palma Chillon, Veronica Sjoberg, Annie Palstam. Originally published in JMIR Research Protocols (https://www.researchprotocols.org), 05.06.2026. FAU - Forsberg, Hanna AU - Forsberg H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1239-9675 AD - Department of Health, Education and Technology, Lulea University of Technology, Lulea, Norrbotten, Sweden. FAU - Lindqvist, Anna-Karin AU - Lindqvist AK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3145-7698 AD - Department of Health, Education and Technology, Lulea University of Technology, Lulea, Norrbotten, Sweden. FAU - Rutberg, Stina AU - Rutberg S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9376-6053 AD - Department of Health, Education and Technology, Lulea University of Technology, Lulea, Norrbotten, Sweden. FAU - Chillon, Palma AU - Chillon P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0862-8989 AD - Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Universidad de Granada, Granada, Andalusia, Spain. FAU - Sjoberg, Veronica AU - Sjoberg V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3843-0407 AD - School of Health and Welfare, Dalarna University, Falun, Dalarna, Sweden. FAU - Palstam, Annie AU - Palstam A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7127-213X AD - School of Health and Welfare, Dalarna University, Falun, Dalarna, Sweden. AD - Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Shalgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Vastra Gotaland, Sweden. AD - Rehabilitation Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Vastra Gotaland, Sweden. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20260605 PL - Canada TA - JMIR Res Protoc JT - JMIR research protocols JID - 101599504 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Sweden MH - *Transportation/methods/standards MH - Child MH - Cohort Studies MH - Schools MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Female MH - Male MH - Program Evaluation/methods MH - Research Design MH - Students/statistics & numerical data/psychology MH - *Health Promotion/methods PMC - PMC13282597 OTO - NOTNLM OT - active commuting OT - age cohort OT - feasibility OT - physical activity OT - sustainability COIS- Conflicts of Interest: None declared. EDAT- 2026/06/05 18:36 MHDA- 2026/06/11 18:35 PMCR- 2026/06/05 CRDT- 2026/06/05 16:52 PHST- 2026/02/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/11 18:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/05 18:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/05 16:52 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v15i1e92946 [pii] AID - 10.2196/92946 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JMIR Res Protoc. 2026 Jun 5;15:e92946. doi: 10.2196/92946. PMID- 42247658 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260610 LR - 20260908 IS - 1929-0748 (Electronic) IS - 1929-0748 (Linking) VI - 15 DP - 2026 Jun 5 TI - Screen-Free Time With Friends to Promote Face-to-Face Peer Interaction and Reduce Recreational Screen Use Among Children Aged 9-11 Years: Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial. PG - e84831 LID - 10.2196/84831 [doi] LID - e84831 AB - BACKGROUND: Children's leisure time has changed in recent decades-with more time spent on screen media and less time face-to-face with peers-potentially affecting their physical and mental well-being. OBJECTIVE: This protocol outlines a cluster randomized controlled trial evaluating the Screen-Free Time With Friends intervention, which aims to promote face-to-face peer interaction and reduce recreational screen media use among children aged 9-11 years. METHODS: The study is conducted as a cluster randomized controlled trial involving 9-11-year-old children and their parents from 18 schools in Denmark. Schools are randomized (1:1) to either a control or an intervention group. The intervention includes five core components: (1) curricular activities, (2) two family meetings, (3) a brief parent exercise, (4) a development program for after-school clubs, and (5) two community workshops. It is designed to allow local adaptation while maintaining fidelity to the core components. Primary and key secondary outcomes, including face-to-face peer interaction across leisure domains and solitary screen time, are assessed at baseline, 6-10 months, and 13-15 months follow-up. Additional exploratory outcomes (e.g., leisure activities, social relations, and well-being) are measured at baseline and follow-up. Time spent in face-to-face interactions with peers was assessed using a short SMS-based questionnaire sent to registered parents. The instrument has not been formally validated but was tested in a feasibility study. A comprehensive process evaluation explores implementation, context, and mechanisms of change. RESULTS: The project was funded in July 2020. Schools were recruited from July 2023 to January 2024, while children and parents were recruited from November 2023 to April 2024. At baseline, 685 children were enrolled at the participating schools, with 343 (50%) having at least one parent enrolled in the questionnaire. The primary outcome is therefore assessed among a subset of participants, which may affect the effective sample size. Baseline data were collected from December 2023 to June 2024, and follow-up data from March to August 2025. As of March 2026, data analysis has not yet commenced, and no study results are currently available. Findings are expected to be published by the end of 2026. CONCLUSIONS: Regardless of the findings, this study will generate important knowledge about the intervention's potential effectiveness, complemented by insights into its implementation, context, and mechanisms of change. These insights can assist municipalities, schools, after-school clubs, community stakeholders, and parents in shaping everyday environments that foster children's face-to-face interaction and encourage balanced screen use. The findings may inform policy decisions, guide the development of new national and local initiatives, and inspire future research into feasible, real-world interventions that support meaningful and enriching leisure experiences for children. CI - (c) Sara Kruse Lange, Sarah Overgaard Slater, Teresa Victoria Hoy, Kristian Traberg Larsen, Anders Blaedel Gottlieb Hansen, Russell Jago, Peter Lund Kristensen, Anders Grontved, Mette Toftager, Anne Kaer Gejl. Originally published in JMIR Research Protocols (https://www.researchprotocols.org). FAU - Lange, Sara Kruse AU - Lange SK AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-6477-2325 AD - Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense, 5230, Denmark, 45 65507908. FAU - Sorensen, Sarah Overgaard AU - Sorensen SO AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3953-3387 AD - Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense, 5230, Denmark, 45 65507908. FAU - Hoy, Teresa Victoria AU - Hoy TV AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2452-1535 AD - National Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Larsen, Kristian Traberg AU - Larsen KT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3918-6645 AD - Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense, 5230, Denmark, 45 65507908. FAU - Hansen, Anders Blaedel Gottlieb AU - Hansen ABG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6777-2257 AD - Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark. FAU - Jago, Russell AU - Jago R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3394-0176 AD - Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom. FAU - Kristensen, Peter Lund AU - Kristensen PL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5666-9614 AD - Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense, 5230, Denmark, 45 65507908. FAU - Grontved, Anders AU - Grontved A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1584-679X AD - Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense, 5230, Denmark, 45 65507908. FAU - Toftager, Mette AU - Toftager M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6736-3725 AD - Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense, 5230, Denmark, 45 65507908. FAU - Gejl, Anne Kaer AU - Gejl AK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6781-2263 AD - Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense, 5230, Denmark, 45 65507908. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT06163495 PT - Clinical Trial Protocol PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20260605 PL - Canada TA - JMIR Res Protoc JT - JMIR research protocols JID - 101599504 SB - IM MH - Child MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Denmark MH - *Friends/psychology MH - Interpersonal Relations MH - Leisure Activities MH - *Peer Group MH - *Screen Time MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic PMC - PMC13240986 OTO - NOTNLM OT - after-school programs OT - child OT - community participation OT - digital media use OT - interpersonal relations OT - mental health OT - physical activity OT - screen time OT - social interaction OT - well-being COIS- Conflicts of Interest: None declared. EDAT- 2026/06/05 18:36 MHDA- 2026/06/11 05:42 PMCR- 2026/06/05 CRDT- 2026/06/05 16:12 PHST- 2025/09/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/11 05:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/05 18:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/05 16:12 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v15i1e84831 [pii] AID - 84831 [pii] AID - 10.2196/84831 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JMIR Res Protoc. 2026 Jun 5;15:e84831. doi: 10.2196/84831. PMID- 42247646 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260611 LR - 20260813 IS - 1438-8871 (Electronic) IS - 1439-4456 (Print) IS - 1438-8871 (Linking) VI - 28 DP - 2026 Jun 5 TI - Digital and Blended Lifestyle Interventions for Preschool-Aged Children and Families With a Low Socioeconomic Position and the General Population: Scoping Review. PG - e86596 LID - 10.2196/86596 [doi] LID - e86596 AB - BACKGROUND: Many unhealthy habits develop in early childhood and can lead to long-term health risks, which disproportionately affect children with low socioeconomic position (SEP). Digital and blended lifestyle interventions can promote healthier lifestyles, yet families with lower SEP remain underrepresented and face unique barriers to healthy behaviors and intervention access. As a result, it remains unclear which intervention characteristics are most effective for these populations. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to identify and map digital and blended lifestyle interventions targeting preschool-aged children and explore how intervention characteristics and reported effectiveness patterns differ between interventions for the general population and low SEP families. METHODS: A search across Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, ERIC, and ACM Digital Library was conducted. Studies were eligible if they (1) targeted preschool-aged children (6 months to 5 years) or caregivers, (2) evaluated a digital or blended lifestyle intervention, and (3) addressed at least one behavioral domain (nutrition, physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep, and oral health). Studies focusing on pregnant women, children aged >5 years, or interventions delivered solely nondigitally were excluded. Screening and prioritization were supported by artificial intelligence-assisted software (ASReview; Utrecht University). Data covered intervention targets, populations, theoretical and guideline foundations, delivery modes and settings, and persuasive systems design features. Intervention characteristics and effectiveness categories were synthesized descriptively. The methodological quality of quasi-experimental studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools. RESULTS: A total of 77 studies describing 54 interventions were included. Of these, 35 targeted the general population, and 19 focused solely on low SEP families. Interventions were similar across groups: typically parent-focused, targeting multiple lifestyle domains, and informed by theories, frameworks, or evidence-based guidelines. Low SEP interventions more often used text messaging, included fewer persuasive design features, and tended toward single delivery channels. Effectiveness findings were mixed; no consistent patterns emerged when interventions were grouped by their characteristics. Among low SEP interventions only, less effective interventions more often targeted multiple behaviors and included more persuasive systems design features. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is one of the first reviews to map digital and blended lifestyle interventions for preschool-aged children while comparing intervention characteristics and descriptive effectiveness patterns across general and low SEP populations. The review highlights heterogeneity in intervention characteristics and outcomes and identifies gaps where evidence is limited. These findings underscore the need to better represent low SEP families in intervention research, strengthen understanding of feasibility and contextual fit, and support multilevel approaches that reflect families' everyday contexts. However, the findings should be interpreted in light of several limitations, including the exclusion of gray literature, partial double-screening, the possibility that artificial intelligence-assisted prioritization may have omitted relevant studies, and variation in the reporting of intervention components across studies. CI - (c) Lea Hohendorf, Tessa Dekkers, Hanneke Kip, Laurence Alpay, Saskia M Kelders. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (https://www.jmir.org). FAU - Hohendorf, Lea AU - Hohendorf L AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-3738-6320 AD - Health Psychology & Technology, Faculty of Behavioural, Management and Social Sciences, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, Enschede, Overijssel, 7522 NB, The Netherlands, 49 1708162426. AD - Medical Technology Research Group, Faculty of Healthcare, Sport & Well-being, Inholland University of Applied Sciences, Haarlem, The Netherlands. FAU - Dekkers, Tessa AU - Dekkers T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2787-3293 AD - Health Psychology & Technology, Faculty of Behavioural, Management and Social Sciences, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, Enschede, Overijssel, 7522 NB, The Netherlands, 49 1708162426. FAU - Kip, Hanneke AU - Kip H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6661-2128 AD - Health Psychology & Technology, Faculty of Behavioural, Management and Social Sciences, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, Enschede, Overijssel, 7522 NB, The Netherlands, 49 1708162426. AD - Department of Research, Stichting Transfore, Deventer, The Netherlands. FAU - Alpay, Laurence AU - Alpay L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8243-0607 AD - Medical Technology Research Group, Faculty of Healthcare, Sport & Well-being, Inholland University of Applied Sciences, Haarlem, The Netherlands. FAU - Kelders, Saskia M AU - Kelders SM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8949-6871 AD - Health Psychology & Technology, Faculty of Behavioural, Management and Social Sciences, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, Enschede, Overijssel, 7522 NB, The Netherlands, 49 1708162426. AD - Optentia Research Focus Area, Vaal Triangle Campus, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Scoping Review DEP - 20260605 PL - Canada TA - J Med Internet Res JT - Journal of medical Internet research JID - 100959882 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Life Style MH - Low Socioeconomic Status MH - *Health Promotion/methods MH - Digital Media MH - Digital Health MH - Infant PMC - PMC13240985 OTO - NOTNLM OT - digital health interventions OT - eHealth OT - effectiveness OT - health behaviors OT - intervention characteristics OT - intervention evaluation OT - lifestyle interventions OT - low socioeconomic position OT - persuasive systems design OT - preschool-aged children COIS- Conflicts of Interest: None declared. EDAT- 2026/06/05 18:36 MHDA- 2026/06/11 06:36 PMCR- 2026/06/05 CRDT- 2026/06/05 16:03 PHST- 2025/10/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/11 06:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/05 18:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/05 16:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v28i1e86596 [pii] AID - 86596 [pii] AID - 10.2196/86596 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Med Internet Res. 2026 Jun 5;28:e86596. doi: 10.2196/86596. PMID- 42247240 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260605 IS - 1753-4887 (Electronic) IS - 0029-6643 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jun 5 TI - Effect of Ultra-Processed Foods Consumption on Human Health Outcomes: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. LID - nuag076 [pii] LID - 10.1093/nutrit/nuag076 [doi] AB - CONTEXT: Ultra-processed foods (UPFs) are industrial formulations with high levels of sugar, saturated fats, and other ingredients that generate multiple negative effects on human health. OBJECTIVE: To summarize all the available evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the association between the consumption of UPFs and human health outcomes. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, LILACS, and manual screening. DATA EXTRACTION: This is an umbrella review of the evidence on the effect of UPF consumption, under the definition of the NOVA classification, on human health outcomes. The quality assessment was conducted by 2 investigators working independently. Twenty-six studies were included (n = 11 systematic reviews and 15 meta-analyses). DATA ANALYSIS: An association between high amounts of UPF consumption and increased risk of higher adiposity parameters, body fat, respiratory diseases, and obesity was found in children and adolescents. A higher risk of all-cause mortality; type 2 diabetes mellitus; mental and sleep disorders; cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and digestive diseases; as well as all types of cancer in both sexes was found for adults, including colorectal and prostate cancer in men, and breast cancer in women. However, limited inverse associations were identified: higher amounts of consumption of certain cereals and dairy foods was associated with a decreased risk of specific outcomes such as hypertension, adiposity parameters, body fat and weight, and lipid profile. After reaching a consensus, 16 studies were rated as good quality, 7 as acceptable quality, and 3 as poor quality. CONCLUSIONS: UPF consumption is mainly associated with considerable health outcomes, particularly a higher risk of chronic noncommunicable diseases, all-cause mortality, and mental disorders. However, the strength of this evidence is heterogeneous, so caution should be exercised regarding the implications it has for the accuracy and interpretation of the results. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the International Life Sciences Institute. FAU - Rodriguez-Hilarion, Javier A AU - Rodriguez-Hilarion JA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2862-1389 AD - Facultad de enfermeria, Universidad Antonio Narino, Bogota 111213, Colombia. FAU - Ramos-Castaneda, Jorge A AU - Ramos-Castaneda JA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3297-0012 AD - Facultad de enfermeria, Universidad Antonio Narino, Neiva 410004, Colombia. FAU - Duran Aguero, Samuel AU - Duran Aguero S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0548-3676 AD - Facultad de Ciencias de la Rehabilitacion y Calidad de Vida, Universidad San Sebastian, Santiago 7500724, Chile. FAU - Sanchez Camargo, Claudia L AU - Sanchez Camargo CL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6688-1195 AD - Facultad de enfermeria, Universidad Antonio Narino, Bogota 111213, Colombia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260605 PL - United States TA - Nutr Rev JT - Nutrition reviews JID - 0376405 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - NOVA classification OT - health OT - ultra-processed foods OT - umbrella review EDAT- 2026/06/05 12:42 MHDA- 2026/06/05 12:42 CRDT- 2026/06/05 11:42 PHST- 2026/06/05 12:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/05 12:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/05 11:42 [entrez] AID - 8703073 [pii] AID - 10.1093/nutrit/nuag076 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Nutr Rev. 2026 Jun 5:nuag076. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuag076. PMID- 42246427 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260917 LR - 20260917 IS - 1525-6073 (Electronic) IS - 0742-0528 (Linking) VI - 43 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct TI - L5 onset as a proxy for circadian phase in infants. PG - 1518-1523 LID - 10.1080/07420528.2026.2681616 [doi] AB - Chronotype is commonly assessed using the mid-sleep point as an indicator of circadian phase. In infants, however, this assessment typically relies on actigraphy, and most available sleep-scoring algorithms have been developed and validated for adolescents and adults, limiting their applicability in early childhood. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between the mid-sleep point and L5 onset, a nonparametric measure derived from rest-activity rhythms that reflects the start of the least active 5-h period. A total of 502 nights from 81 six-month-old infants were analyzed. Sleep onset and offset were determined by visual inspection of actograms, and the mid-sleep point was subsequently calculated. A positive correlation was observed between mid-sleep point and L5 onset (r = 0.22, p < 0.001). Linear mixed-effects models indicated significant associations both between infants (beta = 0.63, p < 0.001) and within infants (beta = 0.10, p < 0.001). These findings suggest that L5 onset may serve as a practical proxy for circadian phase in 6-month-old infants, offering an alternative to sleep parameters derived from algorithms not specifically validated for this age group. FAU - Buest de Mesquita Silva, Rebeca AU - Buest de Mesquita Silva R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8288-7391 AD - Physiology Department, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil. FAU - Holler Pykocz, Adrielle AU - Holler Pykocz A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-7761-6176 AD - Physiology Department, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil. FAU - Victoria Leal, Hanna AU - Victoria Leal H AD - Physiology Department, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil. FAU - Leocadio-Miguel, Mario Andre AU - Leocadio-Miguel MA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7248-3529 AD - School of Psychology, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK. FAU - Louzada, Fernando Mazzilli AU - Louzada FM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4982-8082 AD - Physiology Department, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil. FAU - Group, Cpapi AU - Group C AD - Brazilian Center for Early Childhood Development, Insper, Sao Paulo, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260605 PL - England TA - Chronobiol Int JT - Chronobiology international JID - 8501362 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - *Circadian Rhythm/physiology MH - *Sleep/physiology MH - Female MH - Male MH - Actigraphy MH - Chronotype MH - Algorithms OTO - NOTNLM OT - L5 onset OT - circadian phase OT - infant sleep OT - mid-sleep point EDAT- 2026/06/05 12:41 MHDA- 2026/09/17 15:36 CRDT- 2026/06/05 07:34 PHST- 2026/09/17 15:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/05 12:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/05 07:34 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/07420528.2026.2681616 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Chronobiol Int. 2026 Oct;43(10):1518-1523. doi: 10.1080/07420528.2026.2681616. Epub 2026 Jun 5. PMID- 42245835 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260605 LR - 20260813 IS - 1664-042X (Print) IS - 1664-042X (Electronic) IS - 1664-042X (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Sex-specific BMI, 24-hour movement behaviors, motor skills, and executive functions in Tunisian preschool children: an observational cross-sectional study. PG - 1853244 LID - 10.3389/fphys.2026.1853244 [doi] LID - 1853244 AB - BACKGROUND: Early childhood is a critical period for motor, cognitive, and behavioral development, and the rising prevalence of overweight and obesity are associated with differences in physical activity (PA), motor skills (MS), and executive functions (EF). This study aimed to examine associations between sex-specific BMI categories, 24-hour movement behaviors (MB), MS, and EF in Tunisian preschool children. METHODS: A cross-sectional observational study included 112 children aged 4-5 years (50 boys, 62 girls) from urban and rural kindergartens. Anthropometric measures classified children into sex-specific BMI categories (below normal, normal, above normal). PA, sedentary behavior (SB), and sleep were objectively assessed via accelerometry over five consecutive days. EF (inhibition, working memory) and MS (functional mobility, balance, upper and lower limb strength, manual dexterity) were evaluated using standardized and validated tests. RESULTS: Overall, BMI showed limited associations with MB, EF, and MS, but some sex-specific associations were observed. Statistically significant differences were found for upper-body strength (girls, p = 0.003), moderate intensity PA (girls, p = 0.040), and screen-based SB (boys, p = 0.049). No statistically significant differences were observed for functional mobility, balance, lower limb strength, manual dexterity, other PA measures, sleep, or EF. Anthropometric scores were higher in BMI > normal groups, most children met MVPA and sleep recommendations, but total PA compliance was low. CONCLUSION: This study provides novel evidence from a North African context on sex-specific associations between BMI, MB, MS, and EF in preschool children. Findings indicate limited but domain-specific functional implications of BMI and emphasize the need for longitudinal, sex-stratified studies with larger samples to clarify developmental trajectories. However, due to the cross-sectional design, these findings reflect associations only, and no causal inferences can be drawn from these results. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Meksi, Ltifi, Alfawaz, Alotaibi and Chelly. FAU - Meksi, Sonia AU - Meksi S AD - Research Laboratory (LR23JS01), Sport Performance, Health & Society, Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Said, University of Manouba, Tunis, Tunisia. FAU - Ltifi, Mohamed Amine AU - Ltifi MA AD - Research Laboratory (LR23JS01), Sport Performance, Health & Society, Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Said, University of Manouba, Tunis, Tunisia. AD - University of Gafsa, Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Gafsa, Gafsa, Tunisia. FAU - Alfawaz, Waad AU - Alfawaz W AD - Community Health Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alotaibi, Abdulazeem AU - Alotaibi A AD - Department of Physical Education and Kinesiology, College of Education, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Chelly, Mohamed Souhaiel AU - Chelly MS AD - Research Laboratory (LR23JS01), Sport Performance, Health & Society, Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Said, University of Manouba, Tunis, Tunisia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260520 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Physiol JT - Frontiers in physiology JID - 101549006 PMC - PMC13229776 OTO - NOTNLM OT - 24-hour movement behaviors OT - BMI OT - North Africa OT - executive functions OT - motor skills OT - observational study OT - preschool children COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The handling editor SH declared a past co-authorship with the author ML. The author MSC declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision. EDAT- 2026/06/05 06:36 MHDA- 2026/06/05 06:37 PMCR- 2026/05/20 CRDT- 2026/06/05 05:08 PHST- 2026/04/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/05 06:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/05 06:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/05 05:08 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fphys.2026.1853244 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Physiol. 2026 May 20;17:1853244. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2026.1853244. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42245271 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260605 LR - 20260813 IS - 1178-7007 (Print) IS - 1178-7007 (Electronic) IS - 1178-7007 (Linking) VI - 19 DP - 2026 TI - Plasma Melanin-Concentrating Hormone in Childhood Obesity and Its Association with Metabolic Parameters: A Clinical Observational Study. PG - 590517 LID - 10.2147/DMSO.S590517 [doi] LID - 590517 AB - INTRODUCTION: Obesity is a global public health problem associated with complex neuroendocrine dysregulation. Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH), a hypothalamic regulator of energy balance, promotes appetite and positive energy balance and has been linked to metabolic disturbances in adults. However, its clinical relevance in childhood obesity, where neuroendocrine alterations may precede overt metabolic complications, remains insufficiently characterized. AIM: This study aimed to determine whether plasma MCH levels are associated with metabolic alterations in children and adolescents with obesity. METHODS: In this clinical observational study, 283 participants were classified according to World Health Organization BMI-for-age criteria into obese and normal-weight groups. Plasma MCH concentrations were measured using a validated high-sensitivity radioimmunoassay (analytical detection limit: 0.2 fmol/mL). Anthropometric parameters, glucose-insulin homeostasis markers (glucose, insulin, C-peptide, HOMA-IR), lipid profile, thyroid hormones, and liver enzymes were assessed. Associations were analyzed using Spearman correlation after non-parametric distribution testing. RESULTS: Plasma MCH exhibited limited and selective associations with metabolic parameters in obese children and adolescents. Modest correlations were observed within the glucose-insulin and thyroid-related domains, whereas associations with lipid profile measures were weak or inverse. These patterns suggest age-dependent neuroendocrine involvement in pediatric obesity. CONCLUSION: Elevated plasma MCH levels in childhood obesity are associated with selective neuroendocrine and metabolic alterations rather than overt dyslipidemia. In view of the cross-sectional design and modest effect sizes, these findings should be considered exploratory and require confirmation in longitudinal pediatric studies. CI - (c) 2026 Leiter et al. FAU - Leiter, Imre AU - Leiter I AD - Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary. FAU - Lelesz, Beata AU - Lelesz B AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-4922-7359 AD - Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary. FAU - Hegedus, Csaba AU - Hegedus C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8067-2701 AD - Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary. FAU - Nemeth, Jozsef AU - Nemeth J AD - Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary. FAU - Pelles-Tasko, Beata AU - Pelles-Tasko B AD - Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary. FAU - Ujlaki, Gyula AU - Ujlaki G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8376-3940 AD - Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary. FAU - Bhattoa, Harjit Pal AU - Bhattoa HP AD - Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary. FAU - Felszeghy, Eniko Noemi AU - Felszeghy EN AD - Institute of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary. FAU - Lengyel, Szabolcs AU - Lengyel S AD - Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary. FAU - Pall, Denes AU - Pall D AD - Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary. FAU - Balla, Gyorgy AU - Balla G AD - Institute of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary. FAU - Szilvassy, Zoltan AU - Szilvassy Z AD - Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary. FAU - Juhasz, Bela AU - Juhasz B AD - Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary. FAU - Kiss, Rita AU - Kiss R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1208-366X AD - Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260529 PL - New Zealand TA - Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes JT - Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy JID - 101515585 PMC - PMC13231885 OTO - NOTNLM OT - MCH OT - appetite regulation OT - energy homeostasis OT - insulin OT - juvenile obesity OT - neuropeptide signaling OT - radioimmunoassay COIS- The author(s) report no conflicts of interest in this work. EDAT- 2026/06/05 06:35 MHDA- 2026/06/05 06:36 PMCR- 2026/05/29 CRDT- 2026/06/05 05:02 PHST- 2026/01/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/05 06:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/05 06:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/05 05:02 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 590517 [pii] AID - 10.2147/DMSO.S590517 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2026 May 29;19:590517. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S590517. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42245268 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260605 LR - 20260813 IS - 1178-7007 (Print) IS - 1178-7007 (Electronic) IS - 1178-7007 (Linking) VI - 19 DP - 2026 TI - Body Appreciation and Weight Control Behaviors in Overweight Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study Informing a CBT-Based Health Promotion Model. PG - 594983 LID - 10.2147/DMSO.S594983 [doi] LID - 594983 AB - BACKGROUND: Overweight and obesity in adolescents have become significant public health issues, with traditional interventions showing limited effectiveness. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) offers a novel approach to adolescent health promotion by altering individuals' cognitive and behavioral patterns. OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to construct a health behavior promotion model for overweight adolescents integrating CBT theory and to empirically validate it based on multidimensional behavioral scoring. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 294 adolescents aged 13-16 from three secondary schools. Participants were classified into overweight/obese (n = 86) and normal weight (n = 208) groups based on BMI criteria. Data were collected using the Body Appreciation Scale-2, Weight Control Practices Questionnaire, and Comprehensive Lifestyle Assessment Scale. Statistical analyses included independent t-tests, Pearson correlation, structural equation modeling (SEM), and multiple regression. RESULTS: Overweight adolescents scored significantly lower in body appreciation cognition (t = 4.32, p < 0.001) and healthy weight control behaviors (t = 3.87, p < 0.001), and higher in unhealthy weight control behaviors (t = 4.96, p < 0.001). SEM revealed that body appreciation cognition had a direct negative effect on BMI (beta = -0.18, p < 0.01) and an indirect effect through healthy weight control behaviors (beta = -0.12, p < 0.05). The model demonstrated good fit (chi(2)/df = 2.36, CFI = 0.94, RMSEA = 0.06). CONCLUSION: The findings support the applicability of a CBT-based health behavior promotion model for overweight adolescents. The model, encompassing cognitive restructuring, behavioral activation, self-monitoring, and relapse prevention, provides a theoretical foundation for school- and community-based interventions. CI - (c) 2026 Wu et al. FAU - Wu, Xiaoqiu AU - Wu X AD - Department of Nursing, The Second Hospital of Jinhua, Jinhua, 321016, People's Republic of China. FAU - Xu, Qunying AU - Xu Q AD - Department of Supervision Ward, The Second Hospital of Jinhua, Jinhua, 321016, People's Republic of China. FAU - Wu, Zhen AU - Wu Z AD - Department of Nursing, The Second Hospital of Jinhua, Jinhua, 321016, People's Republic of China. FAU - Zheng, Lanzhen AU - Zheng L AD - Department of Nursing, The Second Hospital of Jinhua, Jinhua, 321016, People's Republic of China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260529 PL - New Zealand TA - Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes JT - Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy JID - 101515585 PMC - PMC13231876 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - behavioral intervention OT - cognitive behavioral therapy OT - health behaviors OT - overweight COIS- All of the authors had no any personal, financial, commercial, or academic conflicts of interest separately. EDAT- 2026/06/05 06:36 MHDA- 2026/06/05 06:37 PMCR- 2026/05/29 CRDT- 2026/06/05 05:02 PHST- 2026/01/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/05 06:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/05 06:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/05 05:02 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 594983 [pii] AID - 10.2147/DMSO.S594983 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2026 May 29;19:594983. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S594983. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42244362 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260622 IS - 1475-2662 (Electronic) IS - 0007-1145 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jun 5 TI - Association of lifestyle behaviours and socio-economic disparities with overweight and obesity among school-aged children and adolescents: a population-based cross-sectional study. PG - 1-14 LID - 10.1017/S0007114526107715 [doi] AB - This population-based cross-sectional study investigated the associations of sleep, nutrition and physical activity with overweight and obesity among 4108 school-aged children and adolescents (9-17 years) in Punjab, Pakistan, alongside 3371 parental responses. BMI was calculated using anthropometric measurements, and weight status was classified according to the 2007 WHO growth reference. Socio-economic status was determined through parental education, occupation and household income, while lifestyle behaviours were assessed via validated questionnaires. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted, adjusting for sex, grade and socio-economic variables. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 19.4 % and 10.7 %, respectively. Girls had a higher obesity prevalence than boys (12.3 % v. 8.9 %), whereas boys showed a higher combined prevalence of overweight and obesity. Among boys, obesity was significantly associated with urban residence (adjusted OR (aOR) 1.37; 95 % CI 1.13, 1.83), being an only child (aOR 2.74; 95 % CI 1.92, 3.92), frequent fast-food consumption (>/= 3 times/week; aOR 1.56; 95 % CI 1.23, 1.97) and lower parental education (aOR 1.22; 95 % CI 1.05, 1.41). Among girls, long weekend sleep duration increased obesity risk (aOR 1.38; 95 % CI 1.14, 1.67), while being an only child (aOR 0.36; 95 % CI 0.25, 0.52), frequent fast-food consumption (aOR 0.64; 95 % CI 0.50, 0.80) and lower parental education (aOR 0.81; 95 % CI 0.70, 0.94) were linked to lower odds. Physical activity and soft drink intake were not significant after adjustment. These findings underscore complex, gender-specific relationships between lifestyle and socio-economic factors, highlighting the need for targeted interventions promoting healthy sleep, nutrition and equity-focused strategies. FAU - Tanveer, Moazzam AU - Tanveer M AD - School of Physical Education and Sport Training, https://ror.org/0056pyw12Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. AD - Department of Allied Health Sciences, https://ror.org/02a37xs76Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan. AD - School of Health Professionals' Education Research & Entrepreneurship, https://ror.org/02a37xs76Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan. FAU - Alsabih, Ahmed Othman AU - Alsabih AO AD - Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Cai, Yujun AU - Cai Y AD - School of Physical Education and Sport Training, https://ror.org/0056pyw12Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. FAU - Alsharidah, Ashwag Saleh AU - Alsharidah AS AD - Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Badicu, Georgian AU - Badicu G AD - Department of Physical Education and Special Motricity, Faculty of Physical Education and Mountain Sports, Transilvania University of Brasov, Brasov, Romania. FAU - Asghar, Ejaz AU - Asghar E AD - Department of Allied Health Sciences, https://ror.org/02a37xs76Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan. AD - School of Health Professionals' Education Research & Entrepreneurship, https://ror.org/02a37xs76Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan. FAU - Tanveer, Umar AU - Tanveer U AD - School of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan. FAU - Roy, Nadeem AU - Roy N AD - School of Physical Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China. FAU - Albaridi, Najla A AU - Albaridi NA AD - Department of Health Science, College of Health and Rehabilitation, Princess Noura bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alsharari, Zayed D AU - Alsharari ZD AD - Department of Health Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Saraiva, Ariana AU - Saraiva A AD - Research in Veterinary Medicine (I-MVET), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lisbon University Centre, Lusofona University, Lisboa, Portugal. AD - Veterinary and Animal Research Centre (CECAV), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lisbon University Centre, Lusofona University, Lisboa, Portugal. FAU - Raposo, Antonio AU - Raposo A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5286-2249 AD - CBIOS (Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies), ECTS (School of Health Sciences and Technologies), https://ror.org/05xxfer42Lusofona University, Lisboa, Portugal. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260605 PL - England TA - Br J Nutr JT - The British journal of nutrition JID - 0372547 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Childhood obesity OT - Nutrition OT - Physical activity OT - Sleep OT - Socio-economic status EDAT- 2026/06/05 06:36 MHDA- 2026/06/05 06:36 CRDT- 2026/06/05 03:13 PHST- 2026/06/05 06:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/05 06:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/05 03:13 [entrez] AID - S0007114526107715 [pii] AID - 10.1017/S0007114526107715 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Br J Nutr. 2026 Jun 5:1-14. doi: 10.1017/S0007114526107715. PMID- 42243691 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260809 LR - 20260813 IS - 1471-2393 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2393 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 4 TI - A Bayesian multilevel joint model for predicting neonatal head circumference and body mass index: a case study in Dalahu County, Iran. LID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09377-7 [doi] LID - 862 AB - BACKGROUND: Newborn anthropometry is an essential research tool for assessing newborn growth and studying the factors that influence inadequate or excessive fetal growth. Newborn Body Mass Index (BMI) and Head Circumference (HC) are among the anthropometric measurements that are important to monitor from early infancy. This study aimed to identify the maternal, paternal, and pregnancy-related factors associated with newborn BMI and HC in Dalahoo County, Iran. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included all pregnant women who attended primary health centers in Dalahoo County, located in the central regions of the western half of Kermanshah Province, Iran, from March 21, 2022, to May 19, 2024. The response variables included newborn HC as a continuous variable and newborn BMI as an ordinal variable. BMI was categorized based on sex-and age-specific reference values provided by World Health Organization (WHO). Newborn BMI and HC were examined concurrently to assess factors influencing newborn development using a Bayesian multilevel joint modeling approach. RESULTS: For each additional week of gestation, the odds of being in a higher BMI category increased (OR 1.45; 95% HPD 1.31-1.65). Newborns with smoking fathers had lower odds of being in a higher BMI category than those with non-smoking fathers (OR 0.41; 95% HPD 0.36-0.47). Newborns of mothers with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) had higher odds of being in a higher BMI category than those of non-diabetic mothers (OR 2.56; 95% HPD 2.18-2.92). Male newborns had higher odds of being in a higher BMI category than females (OR 1.40; 95% HPD 1.22-1.60). For head circumference, each additional week of gestation increased the mean by 0.44 cm (posterior mean, 0.44; 95% HPD, 0.42-0.45). Male newborns had a larger mean head circumference (posterior mean difference, 0.24 cm; 95% HPD, 0.05-0.38). All associations were interpreted while holding other variables constant. CONCLUSIONS: In this cohort study, gestational age (per week), Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), and male sex were associated with higher odds of being in a higher newborn BMI category, whereas paternal smoking was associated with lower odds. Gestational age and male sex were associated with a larger mean Head Circumference (HC). Joint modeling of BMI and HC within a Bayesian multilevel framework allowed simultaneous estimation of both outcomes while accounting for outcome correlation, supporting the assessment of BMI and HC together in newborn growth. However, given the limitations of external validity, these findings should be interpreted with caution and are not intended as direct clinical recommendations. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Fallah, Sahar AU - Fallah S AD - Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. FAU - Andayeshgar, Bahare AU - Andayeshgar B AD - Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. FAU - Amini, Payam AU - Amini P AD - School of Medicine, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, UK. FAU - Mahaki, Behzad AU - Mahaki B AD - Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. AD - Health Data Science Research Center, Health Research Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. FAU - Shahsavari, Soodeh AU - Shahsavari S AD - Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. soodeh_shahsavari@yahoo.com. AD - Health Data Science Research Center, Health Research Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. soodeh_shahsavari@yahoo.com. FAU - Hashemian, Amir Hossein AU - Hashemian AH AD - Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. dr.ahashemian@gmail.com. FAU - Fournier, Andrew AU - Fournier A AD - College of Doctoral Studies, Grand Canyon University, Phoenix, AZ, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260604 PL - England TA - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth JT - BMC pregnancy and childbirth JID - 100967799 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Bayes Theorem MH - Iran MH - *Body Mass Index MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Pregnancy MH - *Head/anatomy & histology MH - Male MH - *Cephalometry/methods MH - Adult MH - Gestational Age MH - Smoking/epidemiology PMC - PMC13455485 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bayesian Joint Model OT - Body Mass Index OT - Head Circumference OT - Multilevel OT - Random Intercept COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Approved by the ethics committee of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (ID: IR.KUMS.REC.1402.034). Participant confidentiality was maintained; informed consent was obtained. Procedures adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/05 00:35 MHDA- 2026/08/10 00:40 PMCR- 2026/06/04 CRDT- 2026/06/04 23:55 PHST- 2025/09/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/10 00:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/05 00:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/04 23:55 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09377-7 [pii] AID - 9377 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09377-7 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2026 Jun 4;26(1):862. doi: 10.1186/s12884-026-09377-7. PMID- 42243577 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261012 LR - 20261015 IS - 1437-1596 (Electronic) IS - 0937-9827 (Print) IS - 0937-9827 (Linking) VI - 140 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Nov TI - Improving reliability of permanent tooth staging for dental age estimation using the crown-root ratio method. PG - 3993-4001 LID - 10.1007/s00414-026-03861-7 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Root staging for dental age estimation is subjective when no standard reference is available. This study developed a quantitative approach for Moorrees root stages (R1/4, R1/2, R3/4 and Rc) using crown-root ratio (CRR) measurements and stage-specific bounds. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The development phase included 269 Malaysian subjects (145 males, 124 females) aged 16-25 years. A total of 1,502 mature permanent mandibular left teeth (I1-M3) were measured on panoramic radiographs using ImageJ software to determine mean CRR values for mature roots (Rc), the fraction stages and stage-specific bounds, where [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and lower bound=succeeding stage CRR + 0.01. Sex differences were analysed using independent t-tests. Validation used 161 additional radiographs (78 males, 83 females) aged 3-24 years, with 774 developing and mature permanent mandibular left teeth measured and independently staged according to Moorrees' method. Measured CRR values were compared with stage-specific bounds and considered accurate when within the expected range. Accuracy was calculated as: [Formula: see text]. RESULTS: Mean CRR values ranged from 0.50 to 0.82, with M3 showing the greatest variability. Significant sex differences were observed for C, P1, M1 and M2 (p < 0.05). Overall staging accuracy was 89.9% (84.6%-95.7%) and declined progressively from R1/4 to Rc. M3 (95.7%) and C (91.3%) showed the highest accuracy, whereas I1 (85.7%) and M1 (88.0%) showed the lowest. CONCLUSION: The CRR method provides an objective approach for defining Moorrees root stages and improving staging consistency. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Abdul Rahim, Amir H AU - Abdul Rahim AH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9085-0804 AD - Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. amirhazwan@um.edu.my. AD - Dental Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK. amirhazwan@um.edu.my. FAU - Davies, Janet A AU - Davies JA AD - Dental Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK. FAU - Liversidge, Helen M AU - Liversidge HM AD - Dental Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260605 PL - Germany TA - Int J Legal Med JT - International journal of legal medicine JID - 9101456 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Age Determination by Teeth/methods MH - Adolescent MH - *Tooth Root/diagnostic imaging/growth & development MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Tooth Crown/diagnostic imaging/growth & development MH - Young Adult MH - Radiography, Panoramic MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Adult MH - *Dentition, Permanent MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool PMC - PMC13658346 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Crown-root ratio OT - Dental age estimation OT - Moorrees technique OT - Quantitative method OT - Reliability OT - Root staging COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval: Ethics approval was granted by the Medical Ethics Committee, Faculty of Dentistry (IRB Reference Number: DF OS 1909/0042(P)). All procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2008 (5). Human ethics and consent to participate: Participants were informed of the potential use of their radiological data for teaching and research purposes, and written consent was obtained from the participants (or their parent or legal guardian in the case of children under 16). Clinical trial number: Not applicable. Financial interests: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/05 00:35 MHDA- 2026/10/12 17:30 PMCR- 2026/06/05 CRDT- 2026/06/04 23:37 PHST- 2026/03/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/12 17:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/05 00:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/04 23:37 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s00414-026-03861-7 [pii] AID - 3861 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00414-026-03861-7 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Legal Med. 2026 Nov;140(6):3993-4001. doi: 10.1007/s00414-026-03861-7. Epub 2026 Jun 5. PMID- 42243551 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260605 LR - 20261010 IS - 1432-1076 (Electronic) IS - 0340-6199 (Linking) VI - 185 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jun 4 TI - Hepatic steatosis in pediatric obesity: association with cardiometabolic profile and considerations regarding alanine aminotransferase screening. LID - 468 [pii] LID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07132-w [doi] AB - PURPOSE: Hepatic steatosis is the most common chronic liver disease in children with obesity and is associated with an adverse cardiometabolic profile. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors and ultrasound-guided attenuation parameter (UGAP)-diagnosed hepatic steatosis in children with obesity, evaluate variables associated with steatosis, and explore the diagnostic performance of alanine aminotransferase (ALT). METHODS: This single-center, cross-sectional study included 91 children aged >/= 9 years with obesity recruited from pediatric endocrinology and gastroenterology outpatient clinics between July 2023 and July 2025. Anthropometric, blood pressure, biochemical, and UGAP measurements were collected. Hepatic steatosis was defined as UGAP >/= 0.680 dB/cm/MHz. Elevated ALT was defined as >/= 44 U/L in females and >/= 52 U/L in males. Associations with hepatic steatosis were assessed using Poisson regression. RESULTS: The prevalence of UGAP-diagnosed hepatic steatosis was 28.6%. Higher BMI z-score, larger waist circumference, elevated ALT, arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome were significantly associated with hepatic steatosis. Elevated ALT showed low sensitivity (19.2%) and high specificity (93.8%) for detecting hepatic steatosis. ALT discriminatory performance differed by sex, with an AUC of 0.816 in females and 0.582 in males. Exploratory ALT cutoffs showed limited clinical applicability, particularly in males because of very low specificity. CONCLUSION: Children with obesity and UGAP-diagnosed hepatic steatosis showed a more unfavorable cardiometabolic profile. ALT alone may miss a substantial proportion of children with hepatic steatosis, supporting the need for improved screening strategies. WHAT IS KNOWN: * Pediatric hepatic steatosis is associated with an adverse cardiometabolic profile in children with obesity. * Screening strategies based on ALT and imaging techniques show variable diagnostic performance in pediatric populations. WHAT IS NEW: * UGAP-diagnosed hepatic steatosis in children with obesity was associated with an unfavorable cardiometabolic profile in a Spanish secondary-care cohort. * ALT showed sex-specific differences and limited usefulness as a standalone screening tool for hepatic steatosis, particularly in males, when UGAP was used as the reference method. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Recio Linares, Aranzazu AU - Recio Linares A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2794-1719 AD - 1Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitario Fundacion de Alcorcon, Madrid, Spain. aranzazu.recio@salud.madrid.org. FAU - Botija, Gonzalo AU - Botija G AD - 1Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitario Fundacion de Alcorcon, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Bezanilla Lopez, Carolina AU - Bezanilla Lopez C AD - 2Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitario Fundacion de Alcorcon, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Barasoain Millan, Alberto AU - Barasoain Millan A AD - 2Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitario Fundacion de Alcorcon, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Del Olmo Segura, Patricia AU - Del Olmo Segura P AD - 1Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitario Fundacion de Alcorcon, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Ferreo Santos, Paula AU - Ferreo Santos P AD - 1Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitario Fundacion de Alcorcon, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Cano Dorao, Fidel Cano AU - Cano Dorao FC AD - 3Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitario Fundacion de Alcorcon, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Gonzalez-Hoyuela, Maritza AU - Gonzalez-Hoyuela M AD - 3Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitario Fundacion de Alcorcon, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Carrero Alvaro, Juan Carrero AU - Carrero Alvaro JC AD - 3Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitario Fundacion de Alcorcon, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Garcia Hernando, Thais AU - Garcia Hernando T AD - 3Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitario Fundacion de Alcorcon, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Perez Fernandez, Elia Perez AU - Perez Fernandez EP AD - 4Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Fundacion de Alcorcon, Madrid, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260604 PL - Germany TA - Eur J Pediatr JT - European journal of pediatrics JID - 7603873 RN - EC 2.6.1.2 (Alanine Transaminase) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Male MH - Child MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Alanine Transaminase/blood MH - *Fatty Liver/epidemiology/diagnosis/etiology/blood MH - *Pediatric Obesity/complications MH - Ultrasonography MH - Prevalence MH - Cardiometabolic Risk Factors MH - Adolescent MH - Metabolic Syndrome/epidemiology MH - Sensitivity and Specificity MH - Risk Factors MH - Biomarkers/blood OTO - NOTNLM OT - Alanine Aminotransferase OT - Fatty Liver OT - Metabolic Syndrome OT - Pediatric Obesity OT - Risk Factors OT - Ultrasonography COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval: The study was approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Hospital Universitario Fundacion de Alcorcon (approval number: 23/102). All procedures were performed in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments. Informed consent was obtained from the children's parents or guardians before enrolment. Conflicts of interest: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/05 00:35 MHDA- 2026/06/06 00:35 CRDT- 2026/06/04 23:36 PHST- 2026/04/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/06 00:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/05 00:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/04 23:36 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07132-w [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07132-w [doi] PST - epublish SO - Eur J Pediatr. 2026 Jun 4;185(7):468. doi: 10.1007/s00431-026-07132-w. PMID- 42243323 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260610 LR - 20260813 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 4 TI - Early cerebral palsy risk screening through wearable accelerometry in infants under nine weeks. LID - 10.1038/s41598-026-54620-y [doi] LID - 17367 AB - The General Movement Assessment (GMA) according to Prechtl's method has the best predictive value for early detection of Cerebral Palsy (CP) in infants under 5 months of age. However, access to specialists in this assessment is scarce, particularly in lower and middle-income countries. The main objective was to determine the better accelerometric features for distinguishing spontaneous movements of infants with risk factors for CP (RF), and healthy controls (HC), under 9 weeks. We carried out a cross-sectional study. General movements (GMs) were recorded in 48 infants under 9 weeks of age, 12 RF and 36 HC, using an instrumented assessment (accelerometers on limbs and trunk) and Prechtl's method. Clinical variables and 62 accelerometer parameters were collected and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. To classify infants, we employed the Random Forest Classifier, based on their condition (Healthy vs. Risk Factors), with subsequent analysis of model accuracy. Afterward, we determined the features that best differentiated between the two groups. We found 46 parameters that differentiate RF and HC groups. Random Forest classified infants with 100% accuracy. Eight parameters were optimal for differentiation, and half of them were from trunk sensors. Wireless accelerometry effectively identified infant movement patterns indicative of cerebral palsy risk factors. This study establishes a scalable, personnel-independent screening of neonatal neurodevelopmental disorders, especially where specialized expertise is unavailable via Precht s method. Deployment would facilitate widespread, cost-effective early risk stratification for CP. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Alvarado, Jimena AU - Alvarado J AD - Neurorehabilitation and Motor Control Lab, Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, 8380453, Santiago, Chile. AD - Hospital Luis Calvo Mackenna, Santiago, Chile. AD - Department of Paediatrics and Paediatric Surgery Eastern, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile. FAU - Moreno, Gabriela AU - Moreno G AD - Neurorehabilitation and Motor Control Lab, Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, 8380453, Santiago, Chile. FAU - Arancibia, Francisca AU - Arancibia F AD - Neurorehabilitation and Motor Control Lab, Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, 8380453, Santiago, Chile. FAU - Marin-Palma, Maria AU - Marin-Palma M AD - Neurorehabilitation and Motor Control Lab, Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, 8380453, Santiago, Chile. FAU - Rojas-Sepulveda, Ignacia AU - Rojas-Sepulveda I AD - Neurorehabilitation and Motor Control Lab, Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, 8380453, Santiago, Chile. AD - Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, 8380453, Santiago, Chile. FAU - Becerra-Caroca, Jessica AU - Becerra-Caroca J AD - Neurorehabilitation and Motor Control Lab, Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, 8380453, Santiago, Chile. FAU - Zepeda, Ramiro AU - Zepeda R AD - Neurorehabilitation and Motor Control Lab, Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, 8380453, Santiago, Chile. FAU - Jacobson, Ryan AU - Jacobson R AD - Doctor of Physical Therapy Program, George Fox University, 448 Werth Blvd, Newberg, OR, 97132, USA. FAU - Burgos, Pablo I AU - Burgos PI AD - Doctor of Physical Therapy Program, George Fox University, 448 Werth Blvd, Newberg, OR, 97132, USA. pburgos@georgefox.edu. AD - Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97201, USA. pburgos@georgefox.edu. LA - eng GR - ID23I10437/Agencia Nacional de Investigacion y Desarrollo/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20260604 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Cerebral Palsy/diagnosis/physiopathology MH - *Accelerometry/methods/instrumentation MH - Infant MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Wearable Electronic Devices MH - Risk Factors MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Movement MH - Early Diagnosis PMC - PMC13237147 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Accelerometry OT - Cerebral palsy OT - General movements OT - Infants OT - Prechtl method COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/05 00:35 MHDA- 2026/06/10 11:43 PMCR- 2026/06/04 CRDT- 2026/06/04 23:28 PHST- 2026/01/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/10 11:43 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/05 00:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/04 23:28 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-54620-y [pii] AID - 54620 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-54620-y [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2026 Jun 4;16(1):17367. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-54620-y. PMID- 42242500 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260626 LR - 20260626 IS - 2405-4577 (Electronic) IS - 2405-4577 (Linking) VI - 74 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Development and internal validation of a bioimpedance-based predictive model for assessing fat-free mass in infants, children and adolescents: Accuracy meets practicality. PG - 103367 LID - S2405-4577(26)00463-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.clnesp.2026.103367 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Accurate evaluation of body composition in infants, children and adolescents is essential for monitoring growth and nutritional status. Reference methods such as air displacement plethysmography (ADP) and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) offer high accuracy but are costly and limited to specialized settings. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) provides a portable, non-invasive alternative; however, predictive equations for estimating fat-free mass (FFM) in pediatric populations require further validation. Considering this, our study aimed to develop and validate a BIA-based predictive model for estimating FFM in healthy subjects from birth to 18 years, using ADP as reference method. METHODS: An exploratory cross-sectional study was conducted on 142 participants (86 aged 0-1 year; 56 aged 2-18 years). Anthropometric and bioelectrical impedance parameters were collected following standardized protocols. Participants were randomly assigned to training (70%) and validation (30%) cohorts. Multiple linear regression models incorporating weight, length/height, sex, and impedance variables were tested. Model performance was evaluated using adjusted R(2) and root mean square error (RMSE); agreement with ADP-derived FFM was assessed through Bland-Altman analysis. RESULTS: In both age groups, models including impedance-index outperformed anthropometry-only models. The best model (weight + sex + impedance index [L(2)/R(50)]) achieved excellent predictive accuracy (0-1 year: adjusted R(2) = 0.953, RMSE = 0.183 kg; 2-18 years: adjusted R(2) = 0.987, RMSE = 1.409 kg). Bland-Altman analysis showed minimal bias and narrow limits of agreement. CONCLUSIONS: the proposed developed BIA-based equation provides a practical, reliable, and highly accurate tool for estimating FFM across pediatric ages, supporting its potential application in clinical practice. However, the present findings are based on an internal validation using a split-sample strategy, and external validation in independent cohorts is warranted to confirm the generalizability of the proposed equation. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Perrone, Michela AU - Perrone M AD - NICU, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy. FAU - Roggero, Paola AU - Roggero P AD - NICU, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy. Electronic address: paola.roggero@unimi.it. FAU - Nicora, Arianna AU - Nicora A AD - NICU, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy. FAU - Torcasio, Benedetta AU - Torcasio B AD - NICU, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy. FAU - Pesenti, Nicola AU - Pesenti N AD - Division of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Public Health, Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy. FAU - Tabasso, Chiara AU - Tabasso C AD - NICU, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy. FAU - Fumagalli, Monica AU - Fumagalli M AD - NICU, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2023-2027, Universita degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260603 PL - England TA - Clin Nutr ESPEN JT - Clinical nutrition ESPEN JID - 101654592 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - *Electric Impedance MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Body Composition MH - Infant MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Absorptiometry, Photon MH - Anthropometry MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Nutritional Status MH - Linear Models OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bioimpedance OT - Body composition OT - Growth OT - Nutritional status COIS- Declaration of interests The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/06/05 00:34 MHDA- 2026/06/27 00:57 CRDT- 2026/06/04 19:35 PHST- 2025/11/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 00:57 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/05 00:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/04 19:35 [entrez] AID - S2405-4577(26)00463-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.clnesp.2026.103367 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2026 Aug;74:103367. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2026.103367. Epub 2026 Jun 3. PMID- 42238837 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260610 LR - 20260921 IS - 1319-6138 (Print) IS - 1319-6138 (Electronic) IS - 1319-6138 (Linking) VI - 31 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jan TI - Identifying Risk Factors for the Rising Prevalence of Multiple Sclerosis in Saudi Arabia: A case-control analysis. PG - 18-25 LID - 10.17712/1658-3183.1002 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: This study aims to identify risk factors linked to the increasing prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS) in Saudi Arabia. Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune condition affecting the central nervous system, marked by inflammation and damage to nerves and the myelin sheath. METHOD: A case-control study conducted from September 2022 to January 2024 included 832 participants-263 diagnosed with MS and 569 controls. Controls were matched by age, gender, residence, and employment status. Data was collected using a validated questionnaire, with written consent obtained from participants aged 18 and older. Logistic regression analysis was used to ascertain risk factors. RESULTS: Out of 832 participants, 263 (31.6%) were diagnosed with MS. The greatest percentage of MS cases occurred in the 25-34 age range (37.7%). After adjusting for potential confounders, smoking was significantly associated with increased MS risk (AOR = 2.34, 95% CI: [1.22-4.48], p = 0.01), as were vitamin D deficiency (AOR = 1.97, 95% CI: [1.31-2.98], p<0.00), and a history of childhood sexual abuse (AOR = 1.96, 95% CI: [1.11-3.45], p = 0.02). Conversely, vitamin D supplementation was associated with a substantial reduction in MS risk (AOR = 0.17, 95% CI: [0.10-0.28], p < 0.001), as was coffee consumption (AOR = 0.53, 95% CI: [0.30-0.96], p < 0.04). CONCLUSION: Smoking, vitamin D deficiency, and a history of childhood sexual abuse increase MS risk, while vitamin D supplementation and coffee consumption reduce it. Further research is essential to confirm these findings. CI - Copyright: (c) Neurosciences. FAU - Babateen, Omar AU - Babateen O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1341-2616 AD - Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. FAU - Samkari, Jamil Adnan AU - Samkari JA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4784-3086 AD - Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Abdulaziz Alkaki, Rewaa AU - Abdulaziz Alkaki R AD - College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. FAU - Ayman Alamri, Sadin AU - Ayman Alamri S AD - College of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. FAU - Mutlaq Alzahrani, Manal AU - Mutlaq Alzahrani M AD - College of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. FAU - Saleh Alharbi, Mussaed AU - Saleh Alharbi M AD - Department of Internal Medicine, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. FAU - Abdulrazaq Alghamdi, Ali AU - Abdulrazaq Alghamdi A AD - College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. FAU - Sultan Aljurays, Amwaj AU - Sultan Aljurays A AD - Department of Medicine, Almithnab General Hospital, Qassim, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. FAU - Faleh Aldosari, Amjad AU - Faleh Aldosari A AD - College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. FAU - Makkawi, Seraj AU - Makkawi S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0892-8669 AD - College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. AD - King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. AD - Department of Neurology, Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260327 PL - Saudi Arabia TA - Neurosciences (Riyadh) JT - Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) JID - 101252453 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Saudi Arabia/epidemiology MH - Risk Factors MH - Female MH - *Multiple Sclerosis/epidemiology MH - Male MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Adult MH - Prevalence MH - Middle Aged MH - Young Adult MH - Smoking/epidemiology MH - Vitamin D Deficiency/epidemiology MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13169298 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Case-control study OT - Multiple sclerosis OT - Prevalence OT - Risk factors OT - Saudi Arabia EDAT- 2026/06/04 06:35 MHDA- 2026/06/11 05:40 PMCR- 2026/01/01 CRDT- 2026/06/04 05:32 PHST- 2025/04/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/09/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/11 05:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/04 06:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/04 05:32 [entrez] PHST- 2026/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - neurosciences-31-1-18 [pii] AID - 10.17712/1658-3183.1002 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Neurosciences (Riyadh). 2026 Jan;31(1):18-25. doi: 10.17712/1658-3183.1002. Epub 2026 Mar 27. PMID- 42238684 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260604 LR - 20260813 IS - 2055-2076 (Print) IS - 2055-2076 (Electronic) IS - 2055-2076 (Linking) VI - 12 DP - 2026 Jan-Dec TI - The association between digital health literacy and healthy lifestyle behaviors among youth: Systematic review of cross-sectional studies. PG - 20552076261456577 LID - 10.1177/20552076261456577 [doi] LID - 20552076261456577 AB - OBJECTIVE: To systematically identify and critically evaluate research evidence on the association between digital health literacy (DHL) and healthy lifestyle behaviors (HLB) among youth. METHODS: A systematic search was conducted of five English-language databases-Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest, EBSCO, and PubMed-covering publications from January 2006 to October 2025. This search was supplemented by reference list screening, resulting in the inclusion of 33 studies in the final review. RESULTS: Overall, youth exhibit a relatively high level of DHL, and the eHealth Literacy Scale (eHEALS) is the most frequently employed instrument for its assessment. HLB associated with DHL primarily encompassed domains such as physical activity, sleep, diet and nutrition, as well as mental health and stress management. Higher levels of DHL among youth were associated with more favorable HLB, but the magnitude and consistency of these associations varied across behavioral domains. CONCLUSION: This study aims to examine variations in the role of DHL across different HLB domains, guided by the COM-B behavior change model, which emphasizes the interaction of capability, opportunity, and motivation. Further research is warranted to clarify the mechanisms linking DHL with specific HLB, particularly through high-quality longitudinal and intervention studies. In addition, DHL measurement instruments should be refined to ensure their validity and applicability within the rapidly evolving digital health environment. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. FAU - Xu, Ruilin AU - Xu R AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-0141-2545 AD - College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China. RINGGOLD: 12655 FAU - Jiang, Jiajun AU - Jiang J AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-5834-0712 AD - College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China. RINGGOLD: 12655 FAU - Yin, Zhihua AU - Yin Z AD - College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China. RINGGOLD: 12655 FAU - Zhong, Qiying AU - Zhong Q AD - College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China. RINGGOLD: 12655 FAU - Liu, Duoer AU - Liu D AD - College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China. RINGGOLD: 12655 FAU - Sun, Mingzhu AU - Sun M AD - College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China. RINGGOLD: 12655 FAU - Xiong, Mingliang AU - Xiong M AD - College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China. RINGGOLD: 12655 AD - College of Physical Education, Hunan First Normal University, Changsha, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260531 PL - United States TA - Digit Health JT - Digital health JID - 101690863 PMC - PMC13226989 OTO - NOTNLM OT - digital health literacy OT - healthy lifestyle behaviors OT - systematic review OT - youth COIS- The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. EDAT- 2026/06/04 06:33 MHDA- 2026/06/04 06:34 PMCR- 2026/05/31 CRDT- 2026/06/04 05:30 PHST- 2026/01/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/04 06:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/04 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/04 05:30 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1177_20552076261456577 [pii] AID - 10.1177/20552076261456577 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Digit Health. 2026 May 31;12:20552076261456577. doi: 10.1177/20552076261456577. eCollection 2026 Jan-Dec. PMID- 42238253 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260604 LR - 20260813 IS - 2472-1972 (Electronic) IS - 2472-1972 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Real-world growth outcomes of vosoritide in children with achondroplasia: a single-center cohort study. PG - bvag072 LID - 10.1210/jendso/bvag072 [doi] LID - bvag072 AB - CONTEXT: Vosoritide, a C-type natriuretic peptide analogue, is the first approved therapy targeting the pathophysiology of achondroplasia. While clinical trials demonstrate efficacy, individuals with prior orthopedic surgeries are typically excluded, and real-world data remain limited. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate real-world growth outcomes of vosoritide therapy in children with achondroplasia, including those with prior surgical interventions. METHODS: This retrospective analysis included 25 children with achondroplasia (17 boys, age range 2.9-14.3 years) treated with vosoritide for a mean duration of 12.7 months at a multidisciplinary center. Z-scores were calculated using an AI-assisted growth assessment tool previously validated for children with achondroplasia. Delta z-scores for height, sitting height, arm span, and body mass index (BMI) were calculated from baseline to follow-up. Multiple linear regression analyses assessed predictors of response. RESULTS: Mean height z-scores improved from -0.62 +/- 1.09 to -0.24 +/- 1.20 (P < .001). Mean arm span z-score increased from -1.28 +/- 0.93 to -0.96 +/- 0.91 (P = .007). Sitting height z-scores showed a non-significant trend toward improvement; BMI z-scores remained stable. Mean Delta height and Delta arm span z-score gains were +0.38 +/- 0.45 and +0.32 +/- 0.48, respectively. A subgroup analysis of 8 patients with vs 17 without prior limb-lengthening surgery showed no significant differences. Regression analyses adjusted for sex, age, BMI z-scores, and surgical history were likely underpowered to detect meaningful predictors of response. There were no serious treatment-related adverse events. CONCLUSION: Vosoritide therapy enhanced linear and appendicular growth in a real-world cohort of children with achondroplasia, including post-surgical patients. These findings align with clinical trial data and support the therapy's applicability across diverse clinical profiles. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Endocrine Society. FAU - Regev, Ravit AU - Regev R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0846-733X AD - Institute of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel, affiliated to The Gray Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. FAU - Waksman, Yarden AU - Waksman Y AD - Institute of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel, affiliated to The Gray Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. FAU - Cohen-Sela, Eyal AU - Cohen-Sela E AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-0083-9443 AD - Institute of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel, affiliated to The Gray Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. FAU - Brener, Avivit AU - Brener A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2742-8264 AD - Institute of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel, affiliated to The Gray Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. FAU - Dechovich, Nechama AU - Dechovich N AD - Institute of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel, affiliated to The Gray Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. FAU - Gal, Maya AU - Gal M AD - Department of Occupational Therapy, The Gray Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel. FAU - Borger, Ophir AU - Borger O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6019-4159 AD - Institute of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel, affiliated to The Gray Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. AD - The Nutrition & Dietetics Unit, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel. FAU - Zeitlin, Leonid AU - Zeitlin L AD - Pediatric Orthopedic Department, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel. FAU - Lebenthal, Yael AU - Lebenthal Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5963-0574 AD - Institute of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel, affiliated to The Gray Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260328 PL - United States TA - J Endocr Soc JT - Journal of the Endocrine Society JID - 101697997 PMC - PMC13227001 OTO - NOTNLM OT - C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) analog OT - achondroplasia OT - body proportions OT - growth-promoting therapy OT - skeletal dysplasia OT - vosoritide EDAT- 2026/06/04 06:32 MHDA- 2026/06/04 06:33 PMCR- 2026/03/28 CRDT- 2026/06/04 05:26 PHST- 2025/12/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/04 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/04 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/04 05:26 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bvag072 [pii] AID - 10.1210/jendso/bvag072 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Endocr Soc. 2026 Mar 28;10(6):bvag072. doi: 10.1210/jendso/bvag072. eCollection 2026 Jun. PMID- 42238241 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260607 LR - 20260813 IS - 1664-2392 (Print) IS - 1664-2392 (Electronic) IS - 1664-2392 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Glycometabolic profiles and pregnancy outcomes across pathophysiological subtypes of gestational diabetes mellitus. PG - 1836589 LID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1836589 [doi] LID - 1836589 AB - BACKGROUND: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) exhibits profound pathophysiological heterogeneity, but current management fails to account for subtype-specific differences in clinical features and pregnancy prognoses. This study aimed to characterize the glycometabolic profiles and pregnancy outcomes of GDM subtypes defined by insulin resistance and beta-cell function, and provide a foundation for precision medicine in GDM. METHODS: In this 1:1 case-control study, 330 singleton women with GDM and 330 healthy singleton controls were enrolled. Using control-derived quartiles of HOMA-IR and HOMA-beta, GDM patients were classified into four subtypes: insulin resistance (GDM-IR), insulin secretory defect (GDM-IS), combined defect (GDM-M), and unclassified (GDM-N). Clinical characteristics, glycometabolic parameters, and pregnancy outcomes were compared across groups, and multivariate logistic regression identified independent risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes. RESULTS: Subtype distribution was: GDM-IR 36.4% (120/330), GDM-IS 22.7% (75/330), GDM-M 17.9% (59/330), GDM-N 23.0% (76/330). GDM-M showed the most severe glycometabolic derangements: highest first-trimester fasting glucose, all OGTT glucose values, HbA1c, insulin use rate (18.6%, 11/59), and poor glycemic control rate (22.0%, 13/59). It also had the highest rates of cesarean delivery (72.9%, 43/59), postpartum hemorrhage (8.5%, 5/59), preterm birth (18.6%, 11/59), macrosomia (17.0%, 10/59), and neonatal hypoglycemia (11.9%, 7/59) (all P < 0.05). Multivariate regression identified age (OR = 1.067, 95% CI: 1.028-1.108), pre-pregnancy BMI (OR = 1.073, 95% CI: 1.014-1.136), GDM-IS (OR = 2.013, 95% CI: 1.134-3.574), GDM-M (OR = 8.417, 95% CI: 2.661-26.627), and GDM-N (OR = 1.831, 95% CI: 1.076-3.115) as independent risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes, with GDM-M conferring the highest risk. CONCLUSIONS: GDM subtypes defined by insulin resistance and beta-cell function exhibit marked heterogeneity in glycometabolic profiles and pregnancy outcomes. The combined defect subtype (GDM-M) carries the highest risk of adverse maternal-neonatal events and may warrant the most intensive monitoring. These findings support pathophysiological subtyping for risk stratification, but causal inference is limited by the observational, single-center design; validation in multicenter, multi-ethnic prospective cohorts is required. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Su, Luo, Huang, Huang and Wang. FAU - Su, Junyou AU - Su J AD - Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China. FAU - Luo, Jing AU - Luo J AD - Department of Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China. FAU - Huang, Xiaoting AU - Huang X AD - Department of Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China. FAU - Huang, Yan AU - Huang Y AD - Department of Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China. FAU - Wang, Sumei AU - Wang S AD - Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260519 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) JT - Frontiers in endocrinology JID - 101555782 RN - 0 (Blood Glucose) RN - 0 (Insulin) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *Diabetes, Gestational/metabolism/physiopathology/blood/classification MH - *Pregnancy Outcome MH - Case-Control Studies MH - *Insulin Resistance/physiology MH - Adult MH - *Blood Glucose/metabolism/analysis MH - Risk Factors MH - Insulin/metabolism MH - Prognosis MH - Infant, Newborn PMC - PMC13225975 OTO - NOTNLM OT - gestational diabetes mellitus OT - glycometabolism OT - insulin resistance OT - pregnancy outcomes OT - subtypes COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/04 06:34 MHDA- 2026/06/07 18:43 PMCR- 2026/05/19 CRDT- 2026/06/04 05:26 PHST- 2026/03/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/07 18:43 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/04 06:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/04 05:26 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1836589 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2026 May 19;17:1836589. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2026.1836589. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42237981 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260609 LR - 20260813 IS - 2048-6790 (Electronic) IS - 2048-6790 (Linking) VI - 15 DP - 2026 TI - Identifying healthy and sustainable high-impact eating behaviour in French children aged 6-15 years: a combined multidisciplinary and living lab participatory approach. PG - e38 LID - 10.1017/jns.2026.10105 [doi] LID - e38 AB - A growing standardisation of eating behaviours worldwide is observed, especially in children, notably characterised by the increasing consumption of both unsustainable animal- and plant-based ultra-processed foods (UPFs). The objective of this study was to identify five high-impact eating behaviours (HIBs) in a French child population (living in Clermont-Ferrand city and surroundings, n = 92, aged 6-15), that is, behaviours to change for the strongest positive impact on health and sustainability. For this, both multidisciplinary top-down and participatory bottom-up approaches has been carried out. First, from European and French dietary guidelines, desk research, European researchers' evaluation, and expert interviews and workshops the technical potential (for their impact on health and environment), plasticity and feasibility of 40 HIB were first quantified (top-down approach). Secondly, in the French living lab (LL), from photo-voice and focus groups with children, online surveys, meetings with families and children, interviews with stakeholders, and assessments of the behavioural change potential of the French LL children's target, five HIB were finally selected (bottom-up approach). Therefore, among the initial 342 European recommended eating behaviours, the selected HIBs for our specific population were: limiting the consumption of UPFs (notably those high in added salt, sugars and/or fats), eating 0-3 servings of meat/week, eating three servings of legumes/week, choosing primarily wholegrain than refined cereals, and choose water instead of sweetened beverages. These five HIBs constitutes a solid basis to perform next LL participatory actions, notably to test HIB feasibility/plasticity, and implement them in real life conditions through transversal actions with non-researcher. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. FAU - Fardet, Anthony AU - Fardet A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4972-9217 AD - INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand & Clermont Auvergne Universite, Universite d'Auvergne, Unite de Nutrition Humaine, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France. ROR: https://ror.org/003vg9w96 FAU - Planchat-Hery, Claire AU - Planchat-Hery C AD - INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand & Clermont Auvergne Universite, Universite d'Auvergne, Unite de Nutrition Humaine, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France. ROR: https://ror.org/003vg9w96 FAU - Rock, Edmond AU - Rock E AD - INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand & Clermont Auvergne Universite, Universite d'Auvergne, Unite de Nutrition Humaine, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France. ROR: https://ror.org/003vg9w96 FAU - Bochan, Laureen AU - Bochan L AD - Department of Consumer Research, Communication, and Food Sociology, Justus-Liebig University, 35390 Giessen, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260526 PL - England TA - J Nutr Sci JT - Journal of nutritional science JID - 101590587 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - France MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - Male MH - *Diet, Healthy MH - Nutrition Policy MH - *Diet MH - Food, Processed MH - Fast Foods MH - Focus Groups PMC - PMC13227139 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Children OT - Eating behaviours OT - Health OT - Living lab OT - Sustainability COIS- The authors declare none. EDAT- 2026/06/04 06:34 MHDA- 2026/06/09 06:36 PMCR- 2026/05/26 CRDT- 2026/06/04 05:24 PHST- 2025/05/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/09 06:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/04 06:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/04 05:24 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2048679026101050 [pii] AID - 10.1017/jns.2026.10105 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Nutr Sci. 2026 May 26;15:e38. doi: 10.1017/jns.2026.10105. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42237980 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260609 LR - 20260813 IS - 2048-6790 (Electronic) IS - 2048-6790 (Linking) VI - 15 DP - 2026 TI - Nutritional knowledge of team sport athletes. PG - e39 LID - 10.1017/jns.2026.10107 [doi] LID - e39 AB - Adequate nutritional knowledge (NK) is an essential aspect of team sport athletes (TSA) meeting their nutritional requirements, yet limited research has examined the NK of TSA using validated tools. This study aimed to assess the NK of male and female TSA using the validated Nutrition for Sport Knowledge Questionnaire (NSKQ) which was administered via the online platform REDCap. A total of 920 athletes (male n = 576 [62.6%], female n = 344 [37.4%]) from a range of sports including, Gaelic football n = 576 (62.6%), hurling & camogie n = 133 (14.5%), rugby n = 107 (11.6%) and soccer n = 104 (11.3%) completed the study. Participants were recruited from elite (county, country, province, professional) n = 343 (37.3%) and non-elite (club, university) n = 577 (62.7%) teams. The mean total score was 50.4 +/- 12.78%, considered 'average' using accepted cut-offs. Across sports, rugby players' total score was significantly higher when compared to Gaelic field sport athletes (p =.002). Scores in all NSKQ sub-sections fell within the 'average' or 'poor' category. NK was classified as 'poor' in the micronutrients (42.77 +/- 19.89%), sports nutrition (46.93 +/- 17.55%) and supplementation (35.42 +/- 18.86%) sub-sections, with 'poor' scoring in these sub-sections observed across all sports. In this study, NK was sub-optimal in 89.8% (n = 826) of participants and although 74.9% of participants expressed a desire for access to nutritional resources, the majority (64.3%) reported having no such access, as indicated by participant responses from the demographic section of NSKQ. These findings suggest TSA may benefit from tailored nutrition education interventions to enhance NK, potentially improving dietary intake and subsequently health and performance outcomes. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. FAU - McDonald, Chris V AU - McDonald CV AD - Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food & Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, UK. ROR: https://ror.org/03hab3x36 FAU - McSorley, Emeir M AU - McSorley EM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1861-3991 AD - Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food & Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, UK. ROR: https://ror.org/03hab3x36 FAU - McNeilly, Andrea M AU - McNeilly AM AD - School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Ulster University, Belfast, UK. FAU - Magee, Pamela J AU - Magee PJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0479-3314 AD - Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food & Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, UK. ROR: https://ror.org/03hab3x36 LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260601 PL - England TA - J Nutr Sci JT - Journal of nutritional science JID - 101590587 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Athletes MH - *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Young Adult MH - Adult MH - Nutritional Requirements MH - Gaelic Football MH - Soccer MH - *Sports Nutritional Physiological Phenomena MH - *Team Sports MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13227125 OTO - NOTNLM OT - GAA OT - Nutritional knowledge OT - Rugby OT - Soccer OT - Team sport athlete EDAT- 2026/06/04 06:33 MHDA- 2026/06/10 06:52 PMCR- 2026/06/01 CRDT- 2026/06/04 05:24 PHST- 2025/12/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/10 06:52 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/04 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/04 05:24 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2048679026101074 [pii] AID - 10.1017/jns.2026.10107 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Nutr Sci. 2026 Jun 1;15:e39. doi: 10.1017/jns.2026.10107. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42237963 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260604 LR - 20260813 IS - 1658-3175 (Electronic) IS - 0379-5284 (Print) IS - 0379-5284 (Linking) VI - 47 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Apr TI - A Comprehensive Analysis of Overweight, Obesity, and Failure to Thrive in Pediatric Inpatients: Prevalence, Diagnostic Practices, and Management Approaches at a Tertiary Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. PG - 663-672 LID - 10.15537/1658-3175.1063 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the prevalence, diagnostic accuracy, and inpatient management of pediatric weight abnormalities at a tertiary children's hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, using a retrospective cohort design. METHODS: The study analyzed medical records of pediatric inpatients aged 2-14 years admitted to King Abdullah Specialized Children's Hospital (KASCH) in 2023. Data collected included anthropometrics, dietary history, physical activity, diagnostic workup, and treatment plans. Overweight and obesity were classified using BMI percentiles, while FTT was identified via weight-for-age and growth percentile criteria. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze diagnostic accuracy and factors influencing missed diagnoses. RESULTS: Of 7,771 admissions, 760 patients (9.6%) had weight abnormalities: 60.3% with FTT, 24.2% obese, and 15.5% overweight. FTT was more accurately diagnosed (38%) than obesity (28%) or overweight (13%). Documentation of dietary intake was detailed in only 9.6% of cases; physical activity and screen time were universally undocumented. Obese children more frequently underwent metabolic testing and were referred to endocrinology, while FTT patients often received high-calorie formulas and follow-up with dietitians. Logistic regression revealed age group and dietary history documentation were significantly associated with diagnostic accuracy (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The study highlights underdiagnosis of overweight and obesity, suboptimal documentation practices, and inconsistent inpatient management of pediatric weight disorders. Despite standard anthropometric measurements, weight abnormalities are often overlooked during acute hospital care. FTT receives comparatively more clinical attention, while overweight and obesity remain underrecognized. CI - Copyright: (c) Saudi Medical Journal. FAU - Al Alwan, Ibrahim A AU - Al Alwan IA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8982-6348 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Ministry of the National Guard - Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. AD - College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. AD - King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - AlShammari, Elaf A AU - AlShammari EA AD - Department of Pediatrics, Ministry of the National Guard - Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. AD - College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. AD - King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - AlAbdulkarim, Ahmed A AU - AlAbdulkarim AA AD - Department of Pediatrics, Ministry of the National Guard - Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. AD - King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Ajeebi, Abdulaziz A AU - Ajeebi AA AD - Department of Pediatrics, Ministry of the National Guard - Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. AD - College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. AD - King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - AlHazimi, Afnan A AU - AlHazimi AA AD - Department of Pediatrics, Ministry of the National Guard - Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. AD - College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. AD - King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - AlHamied, Nawaf A AU - AlHamied NA AD - Department of Pediatrics, Ministry of the National Guard - Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. AD - College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. AD - King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - AlAsmari, Deema Y AU - AlAsmari DY AD - College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. AD - King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260320 PL - Saudi Arabia TA - Saudi Med J JT - Saudi medical journal JID - 7909441 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Saudi Arabia/epidemiology MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Prevalence MH - Tertiary Care Centers MH - Male MH - Female MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Overweight/epidemiology/diagnosis/therapy MH - Adolescent MH - *Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology/diagnosis/therapy MH - Inpatients/statistics & numerical data MH - Obesity/epidemiology/diagnosis PMC - PMC13227405 OTO - NOTNLM OT - FTT OT - Obesity OT - Overweight EDAT- 2026/06/04 06:33 MHDA- 2026/06/05 00:35 PMCR- 2026/04/01 CRDT- 2026/06/04 05:23 PHST- 2025/05/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/11/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/05 00:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/04 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/04 05:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - saudimedj-47-4-663 [pii] AID - 10.15537/1658-3175.1063 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Saudi Med J. 2026 Apr;47(4):663-672. doi: 10.15537/1658-3175.1063. Epub 2026 Mar 20. PMID- 42237838 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260611 LR - 20260813 IS - 0971-5916 (Print) IS - 0971-5916 (Linking) VI - 163 IP - 5 DP - 2026 May TI - Untangling weight from height: A generalised body mass index (gBMI) approach to evaluating child and adolescent nutritional status in India. PG - 655-663 LID - 10.25259/IJMR_2555_2025 [pii] AB - Background and objectives Weight-for-height (WHZ) and body mass index (BMI)-for-age (BAZ) are commonly used to assess child overnutrition but have limitations: they conflate skeletal growth with body weight, correlate with height, and inadequately distinguish fat from lean mass, particularly during puberty. This study proposes an India-specific generalised body mass index (gBMI), an age- and sex-specific power-type index adapted from Benn's concept, to better capture adiposity. Methods Exponent parameters for gBMI were estimated using healthy-child data, selected by WHO selection criteria, from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3,4,5) and the Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey (CNNS), comprising 12,466 children under 5 years and 6,487 aged 5-19 years. Polynomial regression to model age- and sex-specific variation in the weight-height relationship was used to estimate the exponents of height, and growth curves were generated using generalised additive models for location, scale, and shape (GAMLSS) with location scale and shape (LMS) methods. Validation employed independent data from 457 urban schoolchildren aged 5-16 years in Bengaluru, including fat and lean mass measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Results The exponent varied with age (1.3 in infancy, approximately 2.9 in pubertal boys, 2.7 in girls, stabilising at approximately 2 in late adolescence). Unlike BMI, gBMI residuals showed near-zero correlation with height. gBMI-for-age Z-scores (gBAZ) showed lower wasting in children under 5 years (10.7% vs. 19.2% using WHZ) and higher adolescent overnutrition (8.7% vs. <1% using BAZ). Validation showed stronger association of gBAZ with body fat (r=0.70) than BAZ (r=0.65). Interpretation and conclusions The gBMI provides an adaptable, height-independent, and adiposity-sensitive index for assessing malnutrition and obesity in children and adolescents. Its use could refine nutritional surveillance and interventions, with potential wider applicability with longitudinal evaluations. FAU - Majumder, Rajesh AU - Majumder R AD - Department of Biostatistics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India. AD - Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, St John's Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. FAU - Kurpad, Anura Viswanath AU - Kurpad AV AD - Department of Physiology, St John's Medical College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. FAU - Sachdev, Harshpal Singh AU - Sachdev HS AD - Department of Pediatrics, Sitaram Bhartia Institute of Science and Research, New Delhi, India. FAU - Kuriyan, Rebecca AU - Kuriyan R AD - Division of Nutrition, St John's Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. AD - Department of Physiology, St John's Medical College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. FAU - Thomas, Tinku AU - Thomas T AD - Department of Biostatistics, St John's Medical College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. FAU - Ghosh, Santu AU - Ghosh S AD - Department of Biostatistics, St John's Medical College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Indian J Med Res JT - The Indian journal of medical research JID - 0374701 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Body Mass Index MH - Child MH - India/epidemiology MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - *Nutritional Status/physiology MH - Child, Preschool MH - Female MH - *Body Weight/physiology MH - *Body Height/physiology MH - Adiposity/physiology MH - Nutrition Surveys MH - Young Adult MH - *Obesity/epidemiology/physiopathology MH - Absorptiometry, Photon PMC - PMC13235558 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Anthropometry OT - BMI OT - Obesity OT - Z-score OT - gBMI COIS- None. EDAT- 2026/06/04 06:34 MHDA- 2026/06/11 06:36 PMCR- 2026/05/01 CRDT- 2026/06/04 04:19 PHST- 2025/09/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/12/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/11 06:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/04 06:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/04 04:19 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.25259/IJMR_2555_2025 [pii] AID - 10.25259/IJMR_2555_2025 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Indian J Med Res. 2026 May;163(5):655-663. doi: 10.25259/IJMR_2555_2025. PMID- 42237280 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260730 LR - 20260915 IS - 1475-2840 (Electronic) IS - 1475-2840 (Linking) VI - 25 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 3 TI - Adolescent obesity and risk of serious chronic morbidity and mortality in young adulthood: a systematic review of cohorts from national registries. LID - 10.1186/s12933-026-03221-0 [doi] LID - 213 AB - BACKGROUND: The rising prevalence of adolescent obesity necessitates a precise understanding of its corresponding risks for severe chronic morbidity and premature mortality during young adulthood and midlife. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review of nationwide longitudinal cohort studies, using validated national registries, aimed at assessing the short- and long-term risk of morbidity and mortality associated with adolescent overweight and obesity. RESULTS: We included 38 studies in this systematic review. Adolescent overweight and obesity were associated with severe morbidity and disease related mortality, from young adulthood. Within < 4 years of follow-up and before the age of 25 years, severe adolescent obesity was associated with increased risk of serious morbidity (hazard ratio (HR) = 5.1 among men and HR = 7.3 among women), type 2 diabetes (HR = 27.0 among men, and HR = 45.3 among women), and obesity was associated with type 1 diabetes (HR = 2.0). Before the age of 30 years, adolescent severe obesity was associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD), obesity was associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) and with cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. Before the age of 40 years adolescent overweight and obesity were associated with ischemic stroke. Last, before the age of 50 years, adolescent severe obesity was associated with all-cause mortality, obesity was associated with diabetes mortality, and cancer. CONCLUSIONS: Adolescent obesity is strongly associated with an elevated hazard for severe disease morbidity and mortality beginning in young adulthood, with associations progressing with obesity severity and time. The findings of this study demonstrate the need for public health mitigation and preventive strategies, which may yield substantial short, and long-term health benefits in this population. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Fliss Isakov, Naomi AU - Fliss Isakov N AD - Nutrition Division, Public Health Directorate, Ministry of Health, Jerusalem, Israel. naomi.fliss@moh.gov.il. AD - Department of Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Gray Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel. naomi.fliss@moh.gov.il. AD - The Gertner Institute for Epidemiology & Health Policy Research, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel. naomi.fliss@moh.gov.il. FAU - Balmakov, Yulia AU - Balmakov Y AD - Department of Military Medicine and "Tzameret", Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel. AD - Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Ramat Gan, Israel. FAU - Grinshpan, Laura Sol AU - Grinshpan LS AD - Nutrition Division, Public Health Directorate, Ministry of Health, Jerusalem, Israel. AD - School of Public Health, Haifa University, Haifa, Israel. FAU - Tsur, Eyal AU - Tsur E AD - Department of Military Medicine and "Tzameret", Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel. AD - Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Ramat Gan, Israel. FAU - Issler, Nitzan AU - Issler N AD - Gray Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. FAU - Blaychfeld Magnazi, Moran AU - Blaychfeld Magnazi M AD - Nutrition Division, Public Health Directorate, Ministry of Health, Jerusalem, Israel. AD - Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel. FAU - Aviad Beer, Zivan AU - Aviad Beer Z AD - Department of Military Medicine and "Tzameret", Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel. AD - Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Ramat Gan, Israel. FAU - Pinhas-Hamiel, Orit AU - Pinhas-Hamiel O AD - Gray Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. AD - Pediatric Endocrine and Diabetes Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel. AD - Juvenile Diabetes Center, Maccabi Health Care Services, Ra'anana, Israel. FAU - Twig, Gilad AU - Twig G AD - The Gertner Institute for Epidemiology & Health Policy Research, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel. AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Gray Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel. AD - The Division of Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel. AD - Incumbent of the Hella Gertner Chair for Research in Hypertension, Gray Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. FAU - Shina, Avi AU - Shina A AD - Department of Military Medicine and "Tzameret", Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel. AD - Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Ramat Gan, Israel. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20260603 PL - England TA - Cardiovasc Diabetol JT - Cardiovascular diabetology JID - 101147637 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Risk Factors MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - Male MH - Registries MH - Young Adult MH - Risk Assessment MH - Time Factors MH - Age Factors MH - Adult MH - *Pediatric Obesity/mortality/diagnosis/epidemiology MH - Prevalence MH - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/mortality/diagnosis/epidemiology MH - Chronic Disease MH - Prognosis MH - Cause of Death MH - Age of Onset PMC - PMC13419026 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent obesity OT - Life course epidemiology OT - Nationwide cohort studies COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval: The study protocol was approved by the ethics committee of the Israeli Ministry of health Consent for publication: not applicable EDAT- 2026/06/04 06:35 MHDA- 2026/07/30 06:41 PMCR- 2026/06/03 CRDT- 2026/06/04 00:37 PHST- 2026/02/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/30 06:41 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/04 06:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/04 00:37 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12933-026-03221-0 [pii] AID - 3221 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12933-026-03221-0 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2026 Jun 3;25(1):213. doi: 10.1186/s12933-026-03221-0. PMID- 42236840 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260813 LR - 20260815 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 3 TI - The normal distance from soft tissue nasion to the arbitrary axis-orbital plane is similar in pediatric, adolescent, and young adult samples. LID - 10.1038/s41598-026-56184-3 [doi] LID - 25260 AB - Anatomical facebows establish the arbitrary axis-orbital plane by assessing both the hinge axis points and landmark orbitale. The estimated point orbitale results from the facebow's nasion relator height of 25.4 mm. This height was investigated in adults but it is unclear if their anthropometric dimensions adequately translate to children and adolescents. The present cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the validity of this height retrospectively for the ages 6 to19.9 years. We used lateral cephalometric radiographs of 420 individuals (210 males, 210 females,) and divided the sample into 7 age groups. A single investigator measured the perpendicular distance of soft tissue nasion to a line connecting the averaged arbitrary hinge axis point and the averaged point orbitale. Data were analyzed using an ordinary least squares linear regression model (p < 0.05). The perpendicular distances ranged from 11 to 33.5 mm (mean 22.8, standard deviation 3.5). There were no significant differences of the distance between age groups, or sex within age groups, or sex between age groups. The use of a fixed 25.4 mm nasion relator height in children and adolescents was not associated with more instrumental error in assessing point orbitale than in the adult age group. The present study's data did not preclude application of this nasion relator height from age 6 years onward. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Celar, Ales AU - Celar A AD - Medical University of Vienna, University Clinic of Dentistry, Sensengasse 2a, 1090, Wien, Austria. ales.celar@meduniwien.ac.at. FAU - Lettner, Stefan AU - Lettner S AD - Medical University of Vienna, University Clinic of Dentistry, Sensengasse 2a, 1090, Wien, Austria. FAU - Jonke, Erwin AU - Jonke E AD - Medical University of Vienna, University Clinic of Dentistry, Sensengasse 2a, 1090, Wien, Austria. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260603 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - *Orbit/anatomy & histology/diagnostic imaging MH - Male MH - *Cephalometry/methods MH - Young Adult MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adult MH - Retrospective Studies PMC - PMC13470210 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Anatomical facebow OT - Arbitrary facebow OT - Axis-orbital plane OT - Nasion relator height OT - Orbitale COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: Regarding the Competing Interests Statement, all authors declare that there are none and that no financial and non-financial conflicts of interest exist with respect to the authorship and/or publication of this article. EDAT- 2026/06/04 00:37 MHDA- 2026/08/13 05:35 PMCR- 2026/06/03 CRDT- 2026/06/03 23:34 PHST- 2026/03/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/13 05:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/04 00:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/03 23:34 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-56184-3 [pii] AID - 56184 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-56184-3 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2026 Jun 3;16(1):25260. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-56184-3. PMID- 42235990 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260607 LR - 20260609 IS - 1541-6577 (Print) IS - 1541-6577 (Linking) VI - 40 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Jun 2 TI - Predicting Preschool Children's Screen Time: The Role of Parental Digital Habits and Bandura's Social Learning Theory. PG - 263-283 LID - 10.1891/RTNP-2025-0178 [doi] AB - Aim: The aim of this study was to identify the factors influencing preschool children's daily smartphone and tablet use and to evaluate the relative importance of these factors using machine learning models. Furthermore, the findings were discussed within the framework of Bandura's Social Learning Theory to examine the parental and environmental influences shaping children's screen time. Methods: This study was conducted in a district of Central Anatolia, Turkey, with data collected from the parents of children aged 4-6 years (N = 266). The data included children's daily screen time, purposes of device use, and parental digital habits. Analyses were performed using logistic regression, support vector machines, artificial neural networks, and XGBoost algorithms. Model performance was compared in terms of accuracy, F1 score, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the ROC curve values. Feature importance was also examined. Results: The child's purpose of device use was found to be the strongest predictor of screen time. In particular, using devices for educational content and turning to devices when bored were the most prominent determinants. Parents' daily screen use exceeding 3 hours and frequent social media use also significantly increased children's screen time. Parental guidance behaviors (e.g., coviewing content and setting limits) showed significant effects, whereas demographic factors contributed to a lesser extent. Conclusion: The study demonstrates that children's screen time is shaped not only by demographic characteristics but also by usage purposes and parental digital habits. It is recommended that parents act as role models, provide guidance in content selection, and enforce restrictions during critical periods. CI - (c) 2026 Springer Publishing Company. FAU - Molu, Birsel AU - Molu B AD - Selcuk University Aksehir Kadir Yallagoz Health School, Konya, Turkey brslml@hotmail.com. FAU - Ozpulat, Funda AU - Ozpulat F AD - Selcuk University Aksehir Kadir Yallagoz Health School, Konya, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260602 PL - United States TA - Res Theory Nurs Pract JT - Research and theory for nursing practice JID - 101146940 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child, Preschool MH - Female MH - Child MH - Turkey MH - *Social Learning MH - *Screen Time MH - Male MH - *Parents/psychology MH - *Computers, Handheld/statistics & numerical data MH - *Smartphone/statistics & numerical data MH - Digital Media MH - Predictive Learning Models MH - *Habits OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bandura OT - digital parenting OT - machine learning OT - preschool children OT - smartphone use OT - tablet use EDAT- 2026/06/04 00:37 MHDA- 2026/06/07 06:33 CRDT- 2026/06/03 20:44 PHST- 2026/06/07 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/04 00:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/03 20:44 [entrez] AID - 40/2/263 [pii] AID - 10.1891/RTNP-2025-0178 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Res Theory Nurs Pract. 2026 Jun 2;40(2):263-283. doi: 10.1891/RTNP-2025-0178. PMID- 42235951 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260609 LR - 20260609 IS - 1476-4954 (Electronic) IS - 1476-4954 (Linking) VI - 39 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Dec TI - Comparison of three Doppler ratio indices for predicting adverse perinatal outcomes in late-onset fetal growth restriction. PG - 2679396 LID - 10.1080/14767058.2026.2679396 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To compare the predictive performance of three Doppler ratio indices-cerebroplacental ratio (CPR), cerebral-placental-uterine ratio (CPUR), and uteroplacental-cerebral ratio (UCPR)-for adverse perinatal outcomes in late-onset fetal growth restriction (FGR). METHODS: This retrospective cohort study analyzed singleton pregnancies diagnosed with late-onset FGR (>/=32 weeks) between October 2024 and January 2026. Doppler parameters-umbilical artery pulsatility index (UA-PI), middle cerebral artery pulsatility index (MCA-PI), and mean uterine artery pulsatility index (mean UtA-PI)-were retrieved at diagnosis. Three indices were calculated: CPR (MCA-PI/UA-PI), CPUR (CPR/mean UtA-PI), and UCPR ((UA-PI + mean UtA-PI)/MCA-PI). Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models (adjusting for estimated fetal weight percentile and gestational age) were constructed. Internal validation used bootstrap resampling (n = 1000). AUC pairwise comparisons employed the DeLong test, and decision curve analysis (DCA) evaluated clinical utility. RESULTS: Of 155 pregnancies, adverse perinatal outcomes occurred in 48 (31.0%). Affected pregnancies had earlier delivery (35.88 +/- 1.17 vs. 37.74 +/- 1.20 weeks, p < 0.001) and lower birth weight (1948.04 +/- 213.15 vs. 2336.05 +/- 306.45 g, p < 0.001). All indices differed significantly between groups (p < 0.05). In univariable analysis, CPUR achieved the highest AUC of 0.781 (95% CI: 0.698-0.856), followed by UCPR (0.777, 95% CI: 0.698-0.851) and CPR (0.740, 95% CI: 0.652-0.820). Optimal cutoffs were CPR 1.32. Pairwise comparisons revealed no statistically significant differences (all p > 0.05). In multivariable analysis, all ratios remained independently associated with adverse outcomes (CPR: aOR 0.37; CPUR: aOR 0.29; UCPR: aOR 2.71; all p < 0.001), with improved discrimination (AUC: 0.793-0.816). DCA demonstrated clinical benefit across threshold probabilities of 15-50%. CONCLUSIONS: In late-onset FGR, CPR, CPUR, and UCPR showed comparable predictive accuracy for adverse perinatal outcomes, each maintaining independent predictive value after adjustment for disease severity and gestational age. Statistically non-significant pairwise differences should not be interpreted as clinical equivalence; multicenter prospective studies are warranted. These indices may assist clinical decision-making in late-onset FGR management. FAU - Wang, Su-Jing AU - Wang SJ AD - Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Suining County People's Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China. FAU - Wang, Bo AU - Wang B AD - Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The People's Hospital of Danyang, Affiliated Danyang Hospital of Nantong University, Danyang, Jiangsu Province, China. FAU - Qiu, Quan-Quan AU - Qiu QQ AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Suining County People's Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China. FAU - Gong, Li AU - Gong L AD - Department of Pediatrics, Suining County People's Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China. FAU - Xu, Qing AU - Xu Q AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Suining County People's Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China. FAU - Wu, Fang AU - Wu F AD - Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Suining County People's Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260603 PL - England TA - J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med JT - The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians JID - 101136916 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Fetal Growth Retardation/diagnostic imaging MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Ultrasonography, Prenatal/methods MH - Umbilical Arteries/diagnostic imaging MH - Adult MH - Middle Cerebral Artery/diagnostic imaging MH - *Ultrasonography, Doppler/methods MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - Pregnancy Outcome MH - Uterine Artery/diagnostic imaging MH - Pulsatile Flow MH - Gestational Age MH - Placenta/diagnostic imaging MH - Infant, Newborn OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cerebroplacental ratio OT - Doppler OT - Fetal growth retardation OT - middle cerebral artery OT - pregnancy outcome OT - ultrasonography OT - umbilical artery EDAT- 2026/06/04 00:41 MHDA- 2026/06/10 06:53 CRDT- 2026/06/03 20:13 PHST- 2026/06/10 06:53 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/04 00:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/03 20:13 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/14767058.2026.2679396 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2026 Dec;39(1):2679396. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2026.2679396. Epub 2026 Jun 3. PMID- 42234621 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260702 LR - 20260702 IS - 1531-698X (Electronic) IS - 1040-8703 (Linking) VI - 38 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Aug 1 TI - Assessment and treatment of adolescent hair loss. PG - 348-357 LID - 10.1097/MOP.0000000000001582 [doi] AB - PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Hair loss in adolescents carries significant psychosocial impact, and it is often underrecognized and managed without adolescent-specific approaches. This review describes recent advances in diagnostics, pathophysiology, and therapies to improve diagnosis and management of adolescent alopecia. RECENT FINDINGS: Trichoscopy and ultraviolet-enhanced follicular dermoscopy improve diagnostic accuracy and reduce invasive testing. Androgenetic alopecia is linked to obesity and genetic predisposition; topical minoxidil remains first-line with low-dose oral minoxidil use supported in some cases. Alopecia areata severity frameworks now include chronicity, relapse, nonscalp involvement, refractoriness, and psychosocial burden. Systemic JAK inhibitors have emerged as treatment options for adolescents with sustained regrowth and patient-reported improvements. Psychogenic hair loss is often comorbid with anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. SUMMARY: Early, etiology-driven assessment and multidisciplinary care are critical for adolescent hair loss. Adolescent-specific data support more individualized systemic treatments for some types of hair loss, while gaps remain in preventive strategies and long-term outcomes, highlighting priorities for future research. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Conza, Adrienne AU - Conza A AD - UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester. FAU - Alzahrani, Nujood AU - Alzahrani N AD - Dermatology Section, Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital. AD - Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Damji, Yasin AU - Damji Y AD - Dermatology Section, Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital. AD - Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260605 PL - United States TA - Curr Opin Pediatr JT - Current opinion in pediatrics JID - 9000850 RN - 5965120SH1 (Minoxidil) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - *Alopecia/diagnosis/therapy/etiology/psychology MH - Minoxidil/therapeutic use MH - Dermoscopy/methods OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescent OT - alopecia OT - hair loss OT - pediatrics EDAT- 2026/06/03 18:38 MHDA- 2026/07/02 06:40 CRDT- 2026/06/03 13:32 PHST- 2026/07/02 06:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/03 18:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/03 13:32 [entrez] AID - 00008480-202608000-00005 [pii] AID - 10.1097/MOP.0000000000001582 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Curr Opin Pediatr. 2026 Aug 1;38(4):348-357. doi: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000001582. Epub 2026 Jun 5. PMID- 42233991 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260924 LR - 20261008 IS - 1432-198X (Electronic) IS - 0931-041X (Linking) VI - 41 IP - 11 DP - 2026 Nov TI - Weight changes and variability in the first week of life: associations with mortality in extremely preterm newborns. PG - 4005-4015 LID - 10.1007/s00467-026-07371-x [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: In extremely preterm newborns (ELGANs, < 28 weeks' gestational age [GA]), early weight trajectories reflect fluid balance, yet thresholds for early risk stratification are lacking. We aimed to evaluate whether percentage weight change (DeltaW%) from birth weight (BW) and week-1 weight variability were independently associated with death by postnatal day 7 and to identify clinically relevant thresholds. METHODS: We performed a retrospective single-center secondary analysis of the Golden Week Program (University of Alabama at Birmingham NICU, 2014-2021). Newborns < 28 weeks' GA with BW >/= 400 g and receiving active treatment were included; exclusion criteria were death 5% of BW are at increased risk of early mortality. These weight-derived metrics may support early risk stratification but require prospective validation. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to International Pediatric Nephrology Association. FAU - Vigezzi, Serena AU - Vigezzi S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-8359-1145 AD - Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Padua University Hospital, Via Giustiniani 2, Padua, 35128, Italy. serenavigezzi@gmail.com. FAU - Resnick, Elad AU - Resnick E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0270-678X AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1700 6Th Avenue South, WIC, Suite 9380, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA. FAU - Vidal, Enrico AU - Vidal E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3963-0803 AD - Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Padua University Hospital, Via Giustiniani 2, Padua, 35128, Italy. FAU - Ambalavanan, Namasivayam AU - Ambalavanan N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0731-9092 AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1700 6Th Avenue South, WIC, Suite 9380, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA. FAU - Travers, Colm P AU - Travers CP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3218-1024 AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1700 6Th Avenue South, WIC, Suite 9380, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA. FAU - Askenazi, David J AU - Askenazi DJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6840-9887 AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1700 6Th Avenue South, WIC, Suite 9380, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA. LA - eng GR - NHLBI K23HL157618/NH/NIH HHS/United States GR - NHLBI K23HL157618/NH/NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260603 PL - Germany TA - Pediatr Nephrol JT - Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) JID - 8708728 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Infant, Newborn MH - *Infant, Extremely Premature/physiology MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Female MH - Male MH - Gestational Age MH - Birth Weight MH - *Infant Mortality MH - Risk Assessment/methods MH - *Weight Gain MH - Risk Factors MH - Alabama/epidemiology MH - *Body-Weight Trajectory OTO - NOTNLM OT - ELGANs OT - Fluid overload OT - Mortality OT - Neonate OT - Weight loss COIS- Declarations. Conflict of interest: Namasivayam Ambalavanan reports financial support provided by National Institutes of Health. David J. Askenazi reports research funding from Vantive; consulting/advisory roles with Nuwellis Inc. and SeaStar Medical; equity/stock ownership in Zorro-Flow Inc.; is an inventor on an issued patent for a female non-invasive urine collection device; and is an inventor on a pending patent for "Fluid Aviator," a device to help monitor, prescribe, and project cumulative fluid balance. The other authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/06/03 12:40 MHDA- 2026/09/25 05:31 CRDT- 2026/06/03 11:03 PHST- 2026/02/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/25 05:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/03 12:40 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/03 11:03 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00467-026-07371-x [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00467-026-07371-x [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pediatr Nephrol. 2026 Nov;41(11):4005-4015. doi: 10.1007/s00467-026-07371-x. Epub 2026 Jun 3. PMID- 42233406 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260605 LR - 20260609 IS - 1464-5033 (Electronic) IS - 0301-4460 (Linking) VI - 53 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Dec TI - Body composition phenotyping of obesity in children aged 6-18 years: multi-strategy clustering and interpretable machine learning. PG - 2661592 LID - 10.1080/03014460.2026.2661592 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Body composition heterogeneity in childhood obesity is not fully captured by BMI, motivating operational phenotyping using non-invasive measures. AIM: To identify body composition-based phenotypes of obesity in children aged 6-18 years using complementary clustering approaches and characterise their discriminative structure through interpretable machine learning. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We enrolled 78 obese children (6-18 years) from a single-centre outpatient clinic in a cross-sectional design. Thirteen BIA-derived indices were Z-standardised and analysed using parallel unsupervised strategies (PCA-K-means, HCPC, UMAP-DBSCAN). Cluster quality, stability, and agreement were evaluated by mean silhouette, Jaccard bootstrap (100 resamples), and adjusted Rand index (ARI). Separability was assessed with a random forest classifier using five-fold cross-validation (out-of-fold accuracy; macro/micro AUC), with SHAP for interpretability. RESULTS: Four phenotypes were consistently supported: low-fat/high-muscle, balanced, high-fat/low-muscle, and mixed high-fat/high-muscle. Cross-validated performance was 85.9% accuracy, macro AUC 0.953, and micro AUC 0.965. Structural metrics were silhouette 0.41 and ARI 0.94, with cluster-wise Jaccard 0.789/0.812/0.835/0.858 (range 0.78-0.86). SHAP prioritised fat mass and BMI; BIA-derived basal metabolic indices contributed as device-estimated outputs, while lean mass and skeletal muscle mass showed opposing contributions. CONCLUSIONS: This exploratory, single-centre framework is hypothesis-generating and requires external validation with outcome-linked markers and imaging before any clinical applicability is considered. FAU - Wang, Yuhang AU - Wang Y AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-0454-3449 AD - Yiwu Maternity and Children Hospital, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Shi, Shuang AU - Shi S AD - Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China. AD - Zhumadian Central Hospital, Zhumadian, Henan, China. FAU - Cai, Jin AU - Cai J AD - Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260603 PL - England TA - Ann Hum Biol JT - Annals of human biology JID - 0404024 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Body Composition/physiology MH - Cluster Analysis MH - *Clustering Algorithms MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Machine Learning MH - *Pediatric Obesity/diagnosis/physiopathology MH - *Phenotype OTO - NOTNLM OT - Childhood obesity OT - SHAP OT - bioelectrical impedance analysis OT - body composition OT - random forest OT - unsupervised clustering EDAT- 2026/06/03 12:38 MHDA- 2026/06/06 00:35 CRDT- 2026/06/03 07:13 PHST- 2026/06/06 00:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/03 12:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/03 07:13 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/03014460.2026.2661592 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Ann Hum Biol. 2026 Dec;53(1):2661592. doi: 10.1080/03014460.2026.2661592. Epub 2026 Jun 3. PMID- 42233337 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260730 LR - 20260730 IS - 2153-2176 (Electronic) IS - 2153-2168 (Linking) VI - 22 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Cost-Effectiveness of Access to Obesity Care and Treatments for Adolescents. PG - 379-388 LID - 10.1177/21532176261454487 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Inadequate care access may exacerbate the childhood obesity epidemic. Obesity treatments are recommended for adolescents, but the health-economic impacts of unequal treatment access are unclear. This study aims to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of improving access levels to adolescent obesity care and treatment. METHODS: In this economic evaluation, we used a decision-analytic model to simulate a synthetic cohort of 1000 US adolescents from ages 12 to 26 on an annual basis. Modeled treatment strategies included phentermine-topiramate, semaglutide, bariatric surgery, and lifestyle modification (usual care). Primary analysis modeled perfect care access for reproducibility with prior studies. Secondary analyses modeled imperfect access to primary care visits, specialty visits, and treatment initiation among distinct groups by insurance coverage or race and ethnicity. Uncertainty analyses tested model parameter estimates. Outcomes were costs, health effects [averted obesity cases, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs)], and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) from health care sector and limited societal perspectives, including caregiver time. RESULTS: Phentermine-topiramate (vs. lifestyle) yielded an ICER of 2025 US$112,141/QALY, and semaglutide (vs. phentermine-topiramate) yielded $166,513/QALY under perfect access. Under imperfect access, cost-effectiveness and health gains were reduced. Cost-effectiveness was reduced by 11%, and averted obesity cases decreased from 57% to 3% for semaglutide. Health gains were lowest in Medicaid-insured, Black, or Hispanic youth. ICERs were sensitive to medication characteristics (costs, efficacy, discontinuation) and health utilities. CONCLUSIONS: In this economic evaluation, phentermine-topiramate and semaglutide were cost-effective under $200,000/QALY, using 2025 pricing. Care access disparities limit health-economic gains for adolescents. Improving care access is critical to addressing the childhood obesity epidemic. FAU - Doan, Tran T AU - Doan TT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8862-5707 AD - Department of Health Systems, Management, and Policy, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA. FAU - Mueller, Heeseung J AU - Mueller HJ AD - Health Outcomes Division, The University of Texas at Austin College of Pharmacy, Austin, Texas, USA. FAU - Avancena, Anton L V AU - Avancena ALV AD - Health Outcomes Division, The University of Texas at Austin College of Pharmacy, Austin, Texas, USA. AD - Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, Texas, USA. FAU - Peyyety, Vaishnavi AU - Peyyety V AD - Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Bensignor, Megan O AU - Bensignor MO AD - Department of Pediatrics, Center for Pediatric Obesity Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. FAU - Vajravelu, Mary Ellen AU - Vajravelu ME AD - Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Center for Pediatric Research in Obesity and Metabolism, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260603 PL - United States TA - Child Obes JT - Childhood obesity (Print) JID - 101542497 RN - 53AXN4NNHX (Semaglutide) RN - 0 (Anti-Obesity Agents) RN - C045TQL4WP (Phentermine) RN - 0H73WJJ391 (Topiramate) RN - 62340-29-8 (Glucagon-Like Peptides) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Cost-Effectiveness Analysis MH - *Cost-Benefit Analysis MH - Adolescent MH - Semaglutide MH - *Health Services Accessibility/economics/statistics & numerical data MH - *Pediatric Obesity/therapy/economics MH - Female MH - Anti-Obesity Agents/therapeutic use/economics MH - United States MH - Child MH - Male MH - Phentermine/economics/therapeutic use MH - Topiramate/therapeutic use/economics MH - Glucagon-Like Peptides/therapeutic use/economics MH - Young Adult MH - Quality-Adjusted Life Years MH - Bariatric Surgery/economics OTO - NOTNLM OT - access to care OT - adolescent obesity OT - cost-effectiveness OT - economic evaluation OT - semaglutide OT - treatment COIS- Author Disclosure StatementThe authors declared no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/03 12:38 MHDA- 2026/07/30 06:41 CRDT- 2026/06/03 06:23 PHST- 2026/07/30 06:41 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/03 12:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/03 06:23 [entrez] AID - 10.1177/21532176261454487 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Child Obes. 2026 Sep;22(6):379-388. doi: 10.1177/21532176261454487. Epub 2026 Jun 3. PMID- 42233315 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260623 LR - 20260813 IS - 1475-2727 (Electronic) IS - 1368-9800 (Print) IS - 1368-9800 (Linking) VI - 29 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 3 TI - Adapting and validating the FOODLIT-Tool in Turkish: a psychometric study on food literacy for sustainability. PG - e128 LID - 10.1017/S1368980026102821 [doi] LID - e128 AB - OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to adapt and validate the FOODLIT-Tool in Turkish to assess sustainable food literacy among Turkish adults. The adaptation addresses a lack of psychometrically validated instruments for measuring food literacy and sustainability-oriented eating behaviours in Turkey. DESIGN: A psychometric evaluation was conducted, including forward-translation, back-translation and cultural adaptation steps, followed by expert review for content validation. Construct validity was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and internal consistency was evaluated to ensure reliability. SETTING: Data collection was conducted online via Google Forms between July and August 2024. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 482 participants aged 18 to 65 years residing in Turkey voluntarily completed the Turkish version of the FOODLIT-Tool, along with a general information form and the Sustainable and Healthy Eating Behavior Scale. RESULTS: CFA results demonstrated an acceptable model fit (chi(2)/df = 3.67, CFI = 0.91, RMSEA = 0.07). Cronbach's alpha values ranged from 0.60 to 0.91 across the sub-dimensions, indicating adequate to excellent internal consistency. Significant positive correlations were found between FOODLIT subscales and sustainable eating behaviours. Women scored significantly higher in culinary competence, production quality and environmental awareness. CONCLUSIONS: The adapted Turkish version of the FOODLIT-Tool demonstrates satisfactory validity and reliability for evaluating food literacy and sustainable dietary practices among Turkish adults. The scale serves as a useful assessment tool for future research and intervention studies focusing on sustainable nutrition. Further validation using representative samples and longitudinal designs is warranted before its application in public health or policy-making contexts. FAU - Atar, Aslihan AU - Atar A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2941-4269 AD - Nutrition and Dietetics, Istanbul Beykent Universitesi, Turkiye. AD - Istanbul Medipol University - Kavacik Campus, Turkiye. FAU - Sahin Anilgan, Irem Nur AU - Sahin Anilgan IN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5446-9467 AD - https://ror.org/054xkpr46Gazi University, Turkiye. AD - https://ror.org/03dcvf827Istanbul Beykent University - Beylikduzu Campus, Turkiye. FAU - Pulat Demir, Halime AU - Pulat Demir H AD - Nutrition and Dietetics, Istanbul Beykent Universitesi, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260603 PL - England TA - Public Health Nutr JT - Public health nutrition JID - 9808463 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Turkey MH - *Psychometrics MH - Female MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - *Health Literacy MH - Adolescent MH - Male MH - *Diet, Healthy/psychology MH - Young Adult MH - Surveys and Questionnaires/standards MH - Aged MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - Factor Analysis, Statistical PMC - PMC13434619 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Food literacy OT - Turkish adults OT - nutrition OT - psychometric validation OT - sustainability COIS- None. EDAT- 2026/06/03 12:40 MHDA- 2026/06/23 18:33 PMCR- 2026/06/03 CRDT- 2026/06/03 06:13 PHST- 2026/06/23 18:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/03 12:40 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/03 06:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1368980026102821 [pii] AID - 10.1017/S1368980026102821 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Public Health Nutr. 2026 Jun 3;29(1):e128. doi: 10.1017/S1368980026102821. PMID- 42232336 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20260922 IS - 2381-4764 (Print) IS - 2381-473X (Electronic) VI - 11 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Apr TI - Enhancing the assessment of deglutition function in preterm infants with mechano-acoustic analysis and machine learning: a narrative review. PG - 497-510 LID - 10.1044/2025_PERSP-25-00140 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: Clinical indicators of deglutition dysfunction within the context of maturation are not well-defined for preterm infants. Mechano-acoustic analysis utilizing cervical auscultation or accelerometry has shown potential for accurate classification of swallow physiology across the life span. Machine learning algorithms increase diagnostic performance and facilitate analysis of more complex deglutition data in adult and pediatric populations. This narrative review will investigate the feasibility and usability of mechano-acoustic analysis combined with machine learning to identify indicators of deglutition impairment in preterm infants to increase diagnostic accuracy and clinical prediction of clinical swallow evaluations (CSEs). METHODS: Databases searched included PubMed and Ovid. No filters were placed on year of publication. RESULTS: Twelve relevant records were retrieved for this review. Preliminary studies investigating maturational changes in mechano-acoustic features of deglutition have yielded significant findings. Research utilizing machine learning to support mechano-acoustic analysis in preterm infants is lacking. There are no published studies investigating indicators of deglutition dysfunction in preterm infants and no normative data for healthy, term non-dysphagic neonates. CONCLUSIONS: Mechano-acoustic analysis is a feasible technique to investigate deglutition performance in preterm infants. Identification of normative values, temporal correlation of signals with deglutition kinematics, and standardization of relevant features in future longitudinal studies will enhance clinical utility. Further study is needed to determine diagnostic performance of machine learning algorithms to enhance classification and prediction of deglutition function in preterm infants. FAU - Bordier, Emily AU - Bordier E AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-4782-8649 AD - Applied Clinical Research, School of Health Professions, UT Southwestern Medical Center. FAU - Ortigoza, Eric B AU - Ortigoza EB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8227-7529 AD - Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center. LA - eng GR - K23 HD108443/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260407 PL - United States TA - Perspect ASHA Spec Interest Groups JT - Perspectives of the ASHA special interest groups JID - 101682248 PMC - PMC13225867 MID - NIHMS2169794 OTO - NOTNLM OT - accelerometry OT - cervical auscultation OT - deglutition OT - infant OT - machine learning OT - premature OT - swallowing COIS- We have no known conflicts of interest to disclose. EDAT- 2026/06/03 06:35 MHDA- 2026/06/03 06:36 PMCR- 2026/06/02 CRDT- 2026/06/03 04:49 PHST- 2026/06/03 06:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/03 06:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/03 04:49 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1044/2025_PERSP-25-00140 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Perspect ASHA Spec Interest Groups. 2026 Apr;11(2):497-510. doi: 10.1044/2025_PERSP-25-00140. Epub 2026 Apr 7. PMID- 42231323 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260626 LR - 20260813 IS - 1472-6831 (Electronic) IS - 1472-6831 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 3 TI - Artificial intelligence for predicting the pubertal growth spurt using cephalometric and hand-wrist radiographs: a systematic review and meta-analysis. LID - 10.1186/s12903-026-08627-6 [doi] LID - 1116 AB - INTRODUCTION: The optimal timing of dentofacial orthopedic and growth-modifying orthodontic interventions depends on accurate assessment of skeletal maturation, particularly the pubertal growth spurt (PGS). This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the performance of artificial intelligence (AI) models for identifying the PGS from cephalometric and hand-wrist radiographs and compared their diagnostic performance across imaging modalities and algorithm types. METHODS: A PRISMA 2020-guided systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted and prospectively registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024594040). PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and LILACS were searched through December 2025. Eligible studies included individuals aged 12 months (OR = 0.351), caregiver education of high school or above (OR = 0.406), and household per-capita income >/= 1,000 yuan (OR = 0.255). Rural residence (OR = 2.643) and >/= 6 chemotherapy cycles (OR = 2.259) were risk factors for PEM. The nomogram demonstrated robust discrimination in both the modeling (AUC = 0.823, 95% CI: 0.767-0.868) and validation (AUC = 0.779, 95% CI: 0.685-0.859) cohorts. Calibration curves showed close agreement between predicted and observed probabilities, and Hosmer-Lemeshow tests indicated good fit (all P > 0.05). DCA confirmed meaningful net clinical benefit across a wide range of threshold probabilities. The nomogram provides an interpretable and clinically practical tool for early identification of PEM risk in pediatric cancer patients, supporting targeted nutritional screening and timely intervention. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Zhang, Hong AU - Zhang H AD - Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830000, Xinjiang, China. FAU - Ho, Ka Yan AU - Ho KY AD - School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, HKSAR, Hung Hom, China. FAU - Yorke, Janelle AU - Yorke J AD - School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, HKSAR, Hung Hom, China. FAU - Mao, Ting AU - Mao T AD - School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, HKSAR, Hung Hom, China. FAU - Abulaiti, Gulisumuhan AU - Abulaiti G AD - Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830000, Xinjiang, China. FAU - Dong, Shuwan AU - Dong S AD - Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830000, Xinjiang, China. dongshuwan2025@163.com. LA - eng GR - 2023D01C108/Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260601 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Nomograms MH - Female MH - Child MH - Male MH - *Neoplasms/complications MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Protein-Energy Malnutrition/etiology/epidemiology/diagnosis MH - Risk Factors MH - Risk Assessment MH - Infant MH - Adolescent MH - ROC Curve MH - Nutritional Status PMC - PMC13463097 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Nomogram OT - Pediatric cancer OT - Prediction model OT - Protein-energy malnutrition COIS- Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University (K202504-38), and written informed consent was obtained from all patients. EDAT- 2026/06/03 00:37 MHDA- 2026/08/12 06:05 PMCR- 2026/06/01 CRDT- 2026/06/02 23:37 PHST- 2026/01/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/12 06:05 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/03 00:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/02 23:37 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-56183-4 [pii] AID - 56183 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-56183-4 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2026 Jun 1;16(1):25042. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-56183-4. PMID- 42230396 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260605 LR - 20260922 IS - 1433-7339 (Electronic) IS - 0941-4355 (Print) IS - 0941-4355 (Linking) VI - 34 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun 2 TI - Nutritional status, dietary antioxidant capacity, and dietary diversity in patients with newly diagnosed hematological malignancies: a case-control study. LID - 10.1007/s00520-026-10817-5 [doi] LID - 604 AB - PURPOSE: Nutritional status and dietary antioxidant capacity are important determinants of clinical resilience in cancer; however, data in hematological malignancies remain limited. We aimed to compare nutritional status, dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC), and dietary diversity between patients with newly diagnosed hematological malignancies and healthy controls. METHODS: This case-control study included 34 patients with newly diagnosed hematological malignancies (12 lymphoma, 11 leukaemia, 11 multiple myeloma) and 34 age- and sex-matched healthy controls aged 18-65 years. DTAC was estimated using the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) method based on a validated food frequency questionnaire. Nutrient intakes and the dietary diversity score (DDS) were derived from 3-day dietary records. Nutritional status was assessed using the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria, along with fat-free mass index (FFMI), and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC). RESULTS: Patients had significantly lower DTAC levels than controls (3.85 +/- 1.58 vs. 8.68 +/- 3.21 mmol/day, p < 0.05). According to GLIM criteria, 35.3% of patients had moderate malnutrition and 26.5% had severe malnutrition, A declining trend in DTAC was observed with worsening malnutrition (p = 0.034), although this did not reach the significance threshold after multiplicity adjustment. Low muscle mass was more prevalent in patients as assessed by both FFMI and MUAC. Energy, protein, zinc, vitamin E, and folate intakes were significantly lower in patients (all p < 0.05), whereas DDS did not differ (p > 0.05). DTAC was positively correlated with intakes of coffee, whole-grain bread, green vegetables, citrus fruits, and fresh fruit (p /=5 degrees defined as SSP). PA was assessed via validated The Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children(PAQ-C) questionnaire[scores 3: vigorous PA(VPA)]. Logistic regression modeled scoliosis risk across PA strata. Restricted cubic splines (RCS) characterized dose-response curves. Subgroup analyses explored age-specific effects. RESULTS: In two multivariable-adjusted models, both LPA and VPA demonstrated significantly elevated risks for SSP compared to MPA (adjusted OR = 3.30, 95% CI 1.92-5.68 and OR = 3.65, 95% CI 2.14-6.24, respectively), revealing a U-shaped dose-response relationship with risk nadir at PAQ-C scores approximately 2.7(p < 0.05). Exercise frequency <3 sessions/week (OR = 4.68, 95% CI 2.75-7.98), session duration < approximately 54 min or >90 min (OR = 3.43 and 2.75), and cumulative participation >2 years (OR = 3.37, 95% CI 1.89-6.01) were positively associated with SSP (p < 0.05). Aquatic sports were inversely associated with SSP(OR = 0.29, 95% CI 0.12-0.71)(p < 0.05). In addition,age-stratified analyses further indicated children (6-11y) exhibited heightened vulnerability to LPA(OR = 5.34, 95% CI 2.62-10.89), both age groups faced elevated risks fromVPA (Children OR = 5.03; Adolescents OR = 3.63), and bilateral sports (e.g., basketball) and aquatic activities universally reduced risk (OR = 0.09-0.19)(p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The amount of physical activity in children and adolescents shows a U-shaped association with SSP, with moderate PA (approximately 54 min/day, 3-4 days/week) being associated with the lowest SSP odds, while low and vigorous PA are associated with higher odds. Participation in water sports and team sports is inversely associated with SSP.These findings highlight potential associations that warrant further longitudinal investigation. CI - (c) 2026 Chen, Yang, Chen and Yuan. FAU - Chen, Chen AU - Chen C AD - School of Physical Education, Sports Kinesiology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China. AD - Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Yang, Yang AU - Yang Y AD - School of Physical Education, Sports Kinesiology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China. FAU - Chen, Zhen AU - Chen Z AD - Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Yuan, Lingyan AU - Yuan L AD - School of Physical Education, Sports Kinesiology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260514 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Pediatr JT - Frontiers in pediatrics JID - 101615492 PMC - PMC13216475 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - children OT - dose-response relationship OT - physical activity OT - scoliosis screening positive COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/01 08:04 MHDA- 2026/06/01 08:05 PMCR- 2026/05/14 CRDT- 2026/06/01 06:00 PHST- 2025/11/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/01 08:05 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/01 08:04 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/01 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1742234 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Pediatr. 2026 May 14;14:1742234. doi: 10.3389/fped.2026.1742234. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42220538 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260813 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - miRNA profiling shows shared signatures in pediatric asthma, obesity and their comorbidity. PG - 1792996 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1792996 [doi] LID - 1792996 AB - RATIONALE: Childhood obesity is a known risk factor for asthma and contributes to increased disease severity and reduced corticosteroid responsiveness. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this comorbidity remain unclear. Using a cross-sectional design, we aimed to identify microRNA (miRNA) signatures associated with asthma-obesity comorbidity in children to shed light on potential shared molecular drivers. METHODS: Whole blood samples were collected from four pediatric groups: normal weight with asthma (NW-A, n = 11), overweight/obesity with asthma (OO-A, n = 10), overweight/obesity without asthma (OO, n = 10), and normal weight without asthma (NW, n = 12). Circulating miRNA profiles were assessed using the NanoString nCounter platform. Differential expression and pathway enrichment analyses were performed using Enrichr and other bioinformatic tools. Correlation with clinical and cytokine data was assessed by Pearson's correlation and multiple regression analyses. RESULTS: miRNA expression profiles differed markedly across the four groups. Five miRNAs (miR- 423-3p, -92a-3p, -4536-5p, -197-3p, -891a-5p) were consistently upregulated, and two (miR-144-3p, -641) were downregulated across asthma alone, obesity alone, and asthma-obesity comorbidity. Target gene analysis of OO-A-associated miRNAs highlighted involvement in IL-4, IL-13, and PIP3/AKT signaling, as well as pathways linked to innate immunity and metabolism. In OO-A, miRNA dysregulation was correlated with elevated neutrophils, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and reduced lung function. CONCLUSION: In this exploratory study, we identified a shared circulating miRNA signature in asthma-obesity comorbidity. These miRNAs may serve as biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for stratifying and managing asthma in children with obesity, pending validation in longitudinal studies. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Shailesh, Djekidel, Noor, Hayati, Worgall, Al Khodor and Janahi. FAU - Shailesh, Harshita AU - Shailesh H AD - Department of Pediatric Medicine, Division of Pulmonology, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar. FAU - Djekidel, Mohamed Nadhir AU - Djekidel MN AD - Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar. FAU - Noor, Safa AU - Noor S AD - Department of Pediatric Medicine, Division of Pulmonology, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar. FAU - Hayati, Lena AU - Hayati L AD - Department of Pediatric Medicine, Division of Pulmonology, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar. FAU - Worgall, Stefan AU - Worgall S AD - Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornel Medical College, New York, NY, United States. FAU - Al Khodor, Souhaila AU - Al Khodor S AD - Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar. FAU - Janahi, Ibrahim AU - Janahi I AD - Department of Pediatric Medicine, Division of Pulmonology, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornel Medicine-Qatar (WCM-Q), Doha, Qatar. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260513 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (MicroRNAs) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Asthma/genetics/epidemiology/blood MH - Female MH - Child MH - *MicroRNAs/genetics/blood MH - Gene Expression Profiling MH - Male MH - *Pediatric Obesity/genetics/epidemiology/blood MH - Comorbidity MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Biomarkers MH - *Transcriptome MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13216767 OTO - NOTNLM OT - asthma OT - biomarkers OT - children OT - miRNA profiling OT - obesity OT - pediatric COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author SK declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision. EDAT- 2026/06/01 08:04 MHDA- 2026/06/01 14:26 PMCR- 2026/05/13 CRDT- 2026/06/01 05:56 PHST- 2026/01/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/01 14:26 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/01 08:04 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/01 05:56 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1792996 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2026 May 13;17:1792996. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1792996. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42220022 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260813 IS - 1108-7161 (Print) IS - 1108-7161 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Jun 1 TI - Does a Validated Circum-menarcheal Arm Bone-Loading Index Predict Post-menarcheal Muscle Function in Adolescent Females? PG - 165-180 AB - OBJECTIVE: In this exploratory analysis, we evaluated our validated 3-year circum-menarcheal arm bone loading index (ᴀRᴍBLI) as a predictor of upper extremity muscle function indices in post-menarcheal females. METHODS: Forty-eight participants met inclusion criteria for non-dominant arm analyses, 1 to 2.5 years post-menarche: 1) menarche date (GYNAGE: yrs, menarche-centered age); 2) ᴀRᴍBLI (3-yrs prior loading exposure); 2) grip strength (kg; primary outcome), 3) Biodex peak torques (Nm: shoulder, elbow; flexion, extension; secondary outcomes), 4) DXA arm non-bone fat-free mass (ᴀRᴍNBꜰꜰᴍ, kg), 5) anthropometry [ulna length (mm), height (cm), weight (kg)]. Multiple linear regression evaluated muscle function in the total sample (n=48), gymnasts (n=24), and non-gymnasts (n=24), accounting for key factors: 1) whole-body model (GYNAGE, height, weight, ᴀRᴍBLI); 2) hypertrophy model (GYNAGE, ulna length, ᴀRᴍNBꜰꜰᴍ, ᴀRᴍBLI). RESULTS: After accounting for key factors, ᴀRᴍBLI was an independent negative predictor of grip strength in the total sample [hypertrophy model B= -0.202, p=0.029] and non-gymnast subsample [hypertrophy model B= -0.935, p=0.030; whole-body model B= -1.127, p=0.005]. Conversely, ᴀRᴍBLI was an independent positive predictor of shoulder flexion peak torque in the total sample [whole-body model B= +0.270, p=0.036]. CONCLUSIONS: Despite prior work showing ᴀRᴍBLI predicts ᴀRᴍNBꜰꜰᴍ, ᴀRᴍBLI showed inconsistent predictive value for muscle function indices. FAU - Josephson, Brian AU - Josephson B AD - Department of Orthopedic Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA. FAU - Chan, Timothy AU - Chan T AD - Department of Orthopedic Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA. FAU - Sames, Carol A AU - Sames CA AD - College of Health Professions, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA. FAU - Scerpella, Tamara A AU - Scerpella TA AD - Department of Orthopedic Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA. AD - Department of Orthopedics & Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA. FAU - Dowthwaite, Jodi N AU - Dowthwaite JN AD - Department of Orthopedic Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA. AD - Department of Orthopedics & Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - Greece TA - J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact JT - Journal of musculoskeletal & neuronal interactions JID - 101084496 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Muscle, Skeletal/physiology MH - *Menarche/physiology MH - Adolescent MH - *Arm Bones/physiology MH - *Hand Strength/physiology MH - Child PMC - PMC13223780 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent OT - Exercise OT - Female OT - Grip Strength OT - Peak Torque COIS- The authors have no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/01 08:04 MHDA- 2026/06/01 08:05 PMCR- 2026/01/01 CRDT- 2026/06/01 03:23 PHST- 2026/06/01 08:05 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/01 08:04 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/01 03:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JMNI-26-02-165 [pii] AID - 10.22540/JMNI-26-165 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact. 2026 Jun 1;26(2):165-180. doi: 10.22540/JMNI-26-165. PMID- 42218893 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260714 IS - 1872-7654 (Electronic) IS - 0301-2115 (Linking) VI - 324 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Maternal fragmented sleep in late pregnancy is associated with higher birthweight. PG - 115196 LID - S0301-2115(26)00264-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2026.115196 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Sleep disturbances are common during pregnancy and tend to worsen as gestation progresses. Although poor maternal sleep has been suggested to adversely affect fetal and newborn health, existing evidence remains limited and inconsistent. OBJECTIVES: To examine associations between maternal sleep disturbances during pregnancy and newborn birthweight and standardized birthweight (primary outcomes) and selected indicators of neonatal health at birth (secondary outcomes). METHODS: A total of 2,750 mothers were included in this prospective cohort study. Validated sleep questionnaires concerning sleep duration, sleep quality, insomnia symptoms, sleepiness and snoring were administered three times during pregnancy and at delivery. Associations between maternal sleep disturbances and neonatal outcomes (birthweight, standardized birthweight, 1-minute Apgar score, umbilical artery pH, and NICU admission) were evaluated using cross-sectional and exploratory longitudinal (post hoc) models, adjusted for a comprehensive set of clinically relevant covariates and corrected for multiple comparisons using FDR. RESULTS: The cohort comprised predominantly low-risk pregnant women with approximately equal proportions of nulliparous and multiparous women. Sleep quality deteriorated across gestation, with slightly shorter sleep duration, increased nocturnal awakenings, and higher insomnia scores, while changes in daytime sleepiness and perceived sleep loss were modest; neonatal outcomes were largely within normal ranges. In covariate-adjusted and FDR-corrected cross-sectional analyses, in late pregnancy, frequent nocturnal awakenings (>3 per night) were associated with higher birthweight (beta = 54.1 g, 95% CI 15.9-92.3; FDR-adjusted p = 0.012), with a similar association observed at delivery (beta = 71.0 g, 95% CI 28.6-113.4; FDR-adjusted p = 0.0049. For standardized birthweight, frequent nocturnal awakenings were associated with a higher z-score (beta = 0.15, 95% CI 0.05-0.25; FDR-adjusted p = 0.012) at delivery. A modest association between early pregnancy nocturnal awakenings and higher umbilical artery pH was observed (beta = 0.015; 95% CI 0.005-0.026; FDR-adjusted p = 0.016), within the normal physiological range. No other associations were observed in cross-sectional or longitudinal models after adjusting for confounding factors and correction for multiple testing. CONCLUSIONS: Maternal sleep quality worsened across gestation, particularly toward late pregnancy. Fragmented sleep in late pregnancy was associated with modest increases in birthweight. Nevertheless, the observed effect sizes were small, and the overall findings suggest that maternal sleep disturbances and insomnia symptoms during pregnancy are unlikely to substantially compromise fetal growth. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Parttimaa, Hilla AU - Parttimaa H AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland. Electronic address: himape@utu.fi. FAU - Paavonen, E Juulia AU - Paavonen EJ AD - Department of Public Health, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland; Pediatric Research Center, Child Psychiatry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. FAU - Perasto, Laura AU - Perasto L AD - FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Centre for Population Health Research, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland. FAU - Karlsson, Hasse AU - Karlsson H AD - FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Centre for Population Health Research, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Child Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland. FAU - Karlsson, Linnea AU - Karlsson L AD - FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Centre for Population Health Research, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Child Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland. FAU - Polo-Kantola, Paivi AU - Polo-Kantola P AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260518 PL - Ireland TA - Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol JT - European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology JID - 0375672 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *Birth Weight MH - Adult MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Sleep Duration MH - *Pregnancy Complications/physiopathology MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Prospective Studies MH - *Sleep Wake Disorders/complications MH - Sleep Quality OTO - NOTNLM OT - Birthweight OT - Insomnia OT - Newborn OT - Nocturnal awakenings OT - Pregnancy OT - Sleep OT - Snoring COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/06/01 00:33 MHDA- 2026/07/14 14:02 CRDT- 2026/05/31 18:03 PHST- 2026/01/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/14 14:02 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/01 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/31 18:03 [entrez] AID - S0301-2115(26)00264-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2026.115196 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2026 Aug;324:115196. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2026.115196. Epub 2026 May 18. PMID- 42218437 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260804 LR - 20260813 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 30 TI - Nutritional status and attitudes toward overweight and obesity among health-science students in Vietnam. LID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27900-5 [doi] LID - 2253 AB - OBJECTIVE: To assess nutritional status across different health-professional disciplines and to examine attitudes toward overweight and obesity and their associated factors among undergraduate health-science students in Vietnam. METHODS: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among 764 undergraduate students from medicine, nursing, pharmacy, and other health programs at two universities in Hanoi. Stratified random sampling ensured representation by major and academic year. Nutritional status was classified by BMI using WHO Asian cutoffs. Attitudes toward obesity were measured using the 20-item Attitudes Toward Obese Persons Scale and analyzed in three domains identified by factor analysis. Physical activity, emotional well-being, and resilience were assessed using validated scales. Ordered logistic regression identified predictors of higher BMI category, and Tobit regression examined factors associated with attitude domain scores. RESULTS: Most students had normal BMI, while overweight and obesity were more common in males, in certain living situations, and in general medicine students. Female gender and pharmacy major were associated with lower odds of higher BMI, whereas higher depression scores were associated with higher BMI category. Attitudes toward obesity showed moderate negative stereotypes and relatively positive beliefs. BMI category was associated only with the psychological inferiority domain, with higher scores among students with overweight. Female gender, lower depression, higher happiness and resilience, and moderate physical activity were associated with more favorable attitude profiles. CONCLUSION: Among Vietnamese health-science students, nutritional status and attitudes toward obesity varied across demographic and psychosocial characteristics. Excess weight and weight-related attitudes appear partly independent but influenced by mental well-being and training context. Integrated health promotion and stigma-reduction strategies in health-professional education may improve both student health and future obesity care. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Khoa, Ngo Xuan AU - Khoa NX AD - Anatomy Department, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam. AD - Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Department, Hanoi Medical University Hospital, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam. FAU - Huy, Vo Tien AU - Huy VT AD - VNU University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam. FAU - Tuan, Nguyen Xuan AU - Tuan NX AD - VNU University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam. FAU - Tam, Ngo Thi AU - Tam NT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3987-3135 AD - Institute for Advanced Study in Technology, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam. ngothitam@tdtu.edu.vn. AD - Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam. ngothitam@tdtu.edu.vn. FAU - Cham, Tran Linh AU - Cham TL AD - Faculty of Medicine, Dai Nam University, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam. FAU - Hanh, Hoang Duc AU - Hanh HD AD - Faculty of Medicine, Dai Nam University, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260530 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Vietnam/epidemiology MH - Male MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Obesity/psychology/epidemiology MH - *Nutritional Status MH - *Overweight/psychology/epidemiology MH - Young Adult MH - *Students, Health Occupations/psychology/statistics & numerical data MH - Adult MH - Body Mass Index MH - Adolescent MH - *Attitude of Health Personnel PMC - PMC13430918 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Body mass index OT - Health-science students OT - Mental well-being OT - Obesity attitudes OT - Vietnam OT - Weight stigma COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was approved by the Thang Long Institute of Medicine and Pharmacy Research Ethics Committee (Approval code: 01.23/GCN-HDDDNCYSH-IMP). Participants received study information and provided electronic informed consent before participation. Data were collected anonymously and stored securely to ensure confidentiality. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/31 05:33 MHDA- 2026/08/04 06:39 PMCR- 2026/05/30 CRDT- 2026/05/30 23:25 PHST- 2026/03/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/04 06:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/31 05:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/30 23:25 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27900-5 [pii] AID - 27900 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27900-5 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2026 May 30;26(1):2253. doi: 10.1186/s12889-026-27900-5. PMID- 42216372 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260530 LR - 20260828 IS - 1536-5964 (Electronic) IS - 0025-7974 (Print) IS - 0025-7974 (Linking) VI - 105 IP - 22 DP - 2026 May 29 TI - Co-sleeping as a contributor to early childhood caries: Behavioral pathways and clinical outcomes. PG - e48384 LID - 10.1097/MD.0000000000048384 [doi] LID - e48384 AB - Early childhood caries (ECC) is a multifactorial chronic disease strongly influenced by feeding behaviors and oral hygiene practices. Co-sleeping is a common caregiving practice that may increase ECC risk by facilitating nocturnal feeding and limiting adequate nighttime oral care. This study aimed to evaluate the association between co-sleeping, related behavioral factors, and the presence and severity of ECC in children aged 1 to 6 years. A retrospective observational study was conducted using clinical and radiographic records from a pediatric dentistry clinic. The sample included 150 children aged 12 to 72 months. Parents completed a validated questionnaire on feeding practices, dietary habits, oral hygiene routines, sugar intake, and co-sleeping behaviors. ECC was assessed using the decayed, missing, and filled teeth index according to World Health Organization criteria. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify associations between co-sleeping, behavioral variables, and ECC outcomes. Co-sleeping was reported in 18.7% of children. Co-sleeping children showed significantly higher mean decayed, missing, and filled teeth index scores than non-co-sleepers (7.14 vs 3.49). Co-sleeping was significantly associated with nighttime breastfeeding on demand, higher carbohydrate consumption, and inadequate oral hygiene practices (P < .05). In most co-sleeping cases (89.3%), children fell asleep with milk remaining in the oral cavity. Co-sleeping was associated with an approximately 2-fold increase in ECC risk, and behaviors that may increase the risk and severity of ECC, particularly nocturnal feeding and insufficient oral hygiene. Targeted parental education on nighttime feeding and oral care practices may help reduce ECC risk. Prospective studies are warranted to confirm these findings. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. FAU - Bayon-Hernandez, Gloria AU - Bayon-Hernandez G AD - School of Doctorate, University of Seville, Seville, Spain. AD - Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Odontology, University of Seville, Seville, Spain. FAU - Solano-Mendoza, Patricia AU - Solano-Mendoza P AD - Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Odontology, University of Seville, Seville, Spain. AD - Coinsol Dental, Sevilla, Spain. FAU - Solano-Mendoza, Beatriz AU - Solano-Mendoza B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4703-2651 AD - Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Odontology, University of Seville, Seville, Spain. AD - Coinsol Dental, Sevilla, Spain. FAU - Gomez-Salgado, Juan AU - Gomez-Salgado J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9053-7730 AD - Department of Sociology, Social Work, and Public Health, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain. AD - Safety and Health Postgraduate Programme, Universidad Espiritu Santo, Guayaquil, Ecuador. FAU - Fagundo-Rivera, Javier AU - Fagundo-Rivera J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8286-3381 AD - Red Cross University Nursing Centre, University of Seville, Sevilla, Spain. FAU - El Khoury-Moreno, Luis AU - El Khoury-Moreno L AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-8012-8652 AD - Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Odontology, University of Seville, Seville, Spain. FAU - Ribas-Perez, David AU - Ribas-Perez D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6123-9216 AD - Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Odontology, University of Seville, Seville, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study PL - United States TA - Medicine (Baltimore) JT - Medicine JID - 2985248R SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Dental Caries/epidemiology/etiology MH - Child, Preschool MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Oral Hygiene MH - Infant MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Sleep MH - Child MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Risk Factors MH - Breast Feeding PMC - PMC13225582 OTO - NOTNLM OT - breastfeeding habits OT - dental caries risk factors OT - feeding practices OT - nocturnal feeding OT - oral hygiene behaviors OT - pediatric oral health COIS- The authors have no funding and conflicts of interest to disclose. EDAT- 2026/05/30 06:36 MHDA- 2026/05/30 06:37 PMCR- 2026/05/29 CRDT- 2026/05/30 01:01 PHST- 2025/12/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/30 06:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/30 06:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/30 01:01 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 00005792-202605290-00058 [pii] AID - MD-D-25-17402 [pii] AID - 10.1097/MD.0000000000048384 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Medicine (Baltimore). 2026 May 29;105(22):e48384. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000048384. PMID- 42216153 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260805 LR - 20260813 IS - 1475-2891 (Electronic) IS - 1475-2891 (Linking) VI - 25 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 29 TI - Dietary choline intake during pregnancy and birth weight in a Chinese population: a cross-sectional study. LID - 10.1186/s12937-026-01339-1 [doi] LID - 84 AB - BACKGROUND: Previous studies on dietary choline and fetal growth are limited and inconsistent, and the impacts of choline subtypes on fetal growth remain unexplored. We aimed to investigate the associations of maternal intakes of dietary choline and choline subtypes during pregnancy with birth weight, low birth weight (LBW), and small for gestational age (SGA). METHODS: We used a multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method to recruit 7310 women in Shaanxi China. Maternal diets during pregnancy was collected using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Multilevel linear or logistic regression models were applied to assess the associations. Dose-response relationships were evaluated using restricted cubic spline curves. RESULTS: The mean total choline intake was 331.0 (SD: 162.4) mg/d, and the mean birth weight was 3263.7 (SD: 440.1) g. Each 100 mg increase in total choline, free choline, glycerophosphocholine, phosphocholine, phosphatidylcholine, and sphingomyelin was associated with an increase in birth weight of 18.7 (95% CI = 8.8-28.6), 25.0 (3.4-46.6), 51.1 (0.6-101.7), 128.3 (7.5-249.2), 15.3 (2.2-28.4), and 105.4 (33.5-177.3) g, respectively. Comparing the highest with the lowest tertiles of total choline, phosphatidylcholine, sphingomyelin, glycerophosphocholine, and phosphocholine intakes, participants had lower odds of LBW and SGA, with the ORs for LBW ranging from 0.50 (0.30-0.81) to 0.62 (0.45-0.87) and for SGA from 0.71 (0.57-0.88) to 0.81 (0.68-0.96). There were L-shaped relationships between total choline and choline subtypes intakes and the odds of LBW. CONCLUSIONS: Higher maternal intakes of dietary choline and choline subtypes during pregnancy was associated with higher birth weight and lower odds of LBW and SGA. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Yang, Jiaomei AU - Yang J AD - Fourth Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China. violetyjm18@xjtu.edu.cn. AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China. violetyjm18@xjtu.edu.cn. AD - Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China. violetyjm18@xjtu.edu.cn. FAU - Xiao, Ziqi AU - Xiao Z AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China. FAU - Hu, Wanting AU - Hu W AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China. FAU - Rekemubieke, Baligen AU - Rekemubieke B AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China. FAU - Li, Yue-Hua AU - Li YH AD - Fourth Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China. liyuehua@xjtu.edu.cn. AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China. liyuehua@xjtu.edu.cn. LA - eng GR - 82103852, 81230016/the National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - 2025SF-YBXM-379/Key Research and Development Plan in Shaanxi Province of China/ PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260529 PL - England TA - Nutr J JT - Nutrition journal JID - 101152213 RN - N91BDP6H0X (Choline) RN - 0 (Phosphatidylcholines) RN - 0 (Sphingomyelins) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Pregnancy MH - Young Adult MH - *Birth Weight MH - China MH - *Choline/administration & dosage MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Diet/methods MH - Infant, Low Birth Weight MH - Infant, Small for Gestational Age MH - Logistic Models MH - *Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena MH - Phosphatidylcholines/administration & dosage MH - Sphingomyelins/administration & dosage PMC - PMC13440090 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Birth weight OT - Choline OT - Free choline OT - Glycerophosphocholine OT - Low birth weight OT - Phosphatidylcholine OT - Phosphocholine OT - Pregnancy OT - Small for gestational age OT - Sphingomyelin COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study adhered to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and received approval from the Ethics Committee of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center (No.2012008). Before the survey, each participant who agreed to participate in the study provided a written consent form. Consent for publication: All authors have read and approved the final manuscript, and agreed to submit it to the Nutrition Journal. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/30 00:33 MHDA- 2026/08/05 06:42 PMCR- 2026/05/29 CRDT- 2026/05/29 23:44 PHST- 2025/10/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/05 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/30 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/29 23:44 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12937-026-01339-1 [pii] AID - 1339 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12937-026-01339-1 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutr J. 2026 May 29;25(1):84. doi: 10.1186/s12937-026-01339-1. PMID- 42216133 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260805 LR - 20260813 IS - 1471-2261 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2261 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 30 TI - Association of plasma ADMA, FABP4 levels, and AIP with increased cardiovascular disease risk in Graves' disease: an exploratory pilot study. LID - 10.1186/s12872-026-06047-6 [doi] LID - 658 AB - BACKGROUND: Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by hyperthyroidism and is often associated with diffuse goiter, Graves' ophthalmopathy, antithyroid peroxidase antibodies, TSH receptor antibodies, and high serum thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) levels. Hyperthyroidism causes changes in the cardiovascular system that can be explained by the direct effects of thyroid hormones on vascular smooth muscle cells and cardiomyocytes. On the one hand, heart rate, myocardial contractility, preload, blood volume, and tissue thermogenesis increase, while on the other hand, afterload and systemic vascular resistance decrease. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this exploratory pilot study was to investigate cardiovascular disease risk in patients with Graves' disease by evaluating the relationship between thyroid hormone levels and plasma Asymmetric Dimethylarginine (ADMA), Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 4 (FABP4), Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP), and Castelli Risk Index (CRI). METHODS: This study was designed as a cross-sectional study between January 2023 and January 2024 at the Endocrinology and Metabolism Department of Adana City Training and Research Hospital. The study included 30 newly diagnosed patients with Graves' disease, aged 18-65 years, who were recruited from the clinic. The diagnosis was confirmed clinically, biochemically, and through sonographic evaluation. As a control group, 30 euthyroid individuals aged 18-65 years, without thyroid disease, cardiac disease, hypertension, diabetes, or impaired glucose tolerance were selected. Demographic data, including age and gender, were recorded, and Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated. Blood samples were collected to measure routine parameters such as Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH), Free Triiodothyronine (fT3), Free Thyroxine (fT4), Thyroid Receptor Antibodies (TRAB), Glucose, Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN), Creatinine, Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR), C-Reactive Protein (CRP), HDL, LDL, Total Cholesterol, and Triglycerides. In addition, the levels of ADMA and FABP4 were analyzed. The Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) and Castelli Risk Index (CRI) were calculated. RESULTS: FABP4 levels were significantly higher in patients compared with the control group (10.03 +/- 1.63 vs. 8.99 +/- 1.24, p = 0.009). ADMA was significantly correlated with BMI (r = 0.402, p = 0.019), CRP (r = 0.479, p = 0.001), BUN (r = 0.462, p = 0.003), LDL (r = 0.443, p = 0.012), Total Cholesterol (r = 0.508, p = 0.004), and fT4 (r = 0.455, p = 0.005). Notably, ADMA had a strong positive correlation with FABP4 (r = 0.531, p < 0.001), CRI (r = 0.622, p < 0.001), and AIP (r = 0.642, p < 0.001). FABP4 was positively correlated with BMI (r = 0.514, p = 0.002), glucose (r = 0.577, p < 0.001), and TG (r = 0.614, p < 0.001). CRI was positively correlated with gender (Male) (r = 0.548, p = 0.003), BMI (r = 0.621, p < 0.001), glucose (r = 0.578, p < 0.001), and triglycerides (r = 0.949, p < 0.001). AIP showed a strong positive correlation with TG (r = 0.949, p < 0.001), BMI (r = 0.612, p < 0.001), Glucose (r = 0.576, p < 0.001), and Gender (Male) (r = 0.548, p = 0.003). ADMA demonstrated low discriminatory performance AUC of 0.614, with a cut-off value of > 132.9. It had a sensitivity and specificity of 75%, but the p-value was not significant (p = 0.145). FABP4 had a cut-off of > 8.47, with a sensitivity of 86% and specificity of 68% (AUC: 0.690, 95% CI: 0.551-0.829, p = 0.015). CRI had a cut-off value of > 3.27, with a sensitivity of 60% and specificity of 79% (AUC: 0.726, 95% CI: 0.620-0.832, p = 0.001). AIP showed a cut-off value of > 0.66, with sensitivity of 59% and specificity of 73% (AUC: 0.695, 95% CI: 0.587-0.803, p = 0.001). CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that biomarkers like FABP4, AIP, and CRI may provide insights into cardiovascular risk assessment in Graves' disease. However, further studies with larger cohorts are needed to validate these associations. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Bulbul, Nese AU - Bulbul N AD - Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Gaziantep Islam Science and Technology University, Gaziantep, Turkey. drnesebulbul@yahoo.com.tr. FAU - Yilmaz, Muge Ozsan AU - Yilmaz MO AD - Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey. FAU - Oguzman, Hamdi AU - Oguzman H AD - Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey. FAU - Dogan, Serdar AU - Dogan S AD - Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260530 PL - England TA - BMC Cardiovasc Disord JT - BMC cardiovascular disorders JID - 100968539 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins) RN - 63CV1GEK3Y (N,N-dimethylarginine) RN - 94ZLA3W45F (Arginine) RN - 0 (FABP4 protein, human) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Pilot Projects MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - Male MH - Adult MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins/blood MH - Heart Disease Risk Factors MH - *Graves Disease/blood/diagnosis/complications MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Aged MH - *Arginine/analogs & derivatives/blood MH - Risk Assessment MH - *Cardiovascular Diseases/blood/diagnosis/epidemiology/etiology MH - Risk Factors PMC - PMC13440005 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Asymmetric dimethylarginine OT - Atherogenic Index of Plasma OT - Fatty acid-binding protein 4 OT - Graves' disease OT - cardiovascular disease risk COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Mustafa Kemal University. The Declaration of Helsinki protocol was followed in the research protocol (Approval: 2022/57, Date: 01/11/2022). All procedures performed in this study involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. This article does not contain any studies with animals performed by any of the authors. Study subjects were recruited only after written informed consent was obtained. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/30 00:32 MHDA- 2026/08/05 06:42 PMCR- 2026/05/30 CRDT- 2026/05/29 23:43 PHST- 2024/11/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/05 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/30 00:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/29 23:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12872-026-06047-6 [pii] AID - 6047 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12872-026-06047-6 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2026 May 30;26(1):658. doi: 10.1186/s12872-026-06047-6. PMID- 42216059 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260730 LR - 20260827 IS - 1745-6215 (Electronic) IS - 1745-6215 (Linking) VI - 27 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 29 TI - Aerobic exercise as a therapeutic intervention for post-traumatic stress disorder in women who have experienced intimate partner violence: study protocol for an open-label randomised controlled trial. LID - 10.1186/s13063-026-09796-z [doi] LID - 513 AB - BACKGROUND: Women with a history of intimate partner violence (IPV) are at risk for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The effectiveness of aerobic exercise in reducing PTSD symptom burden has been established in other patient populations; however, its utility in the context of IPV victim-survivors has received little investigation. Therefore, the primary aim of this study is to determine if 4 weeks of daily structured aerobic exercise compared to daily stretching can reduce PTSD symptom burden in women IPV victim-survivors, offering a potential accessible and self-directed treatment avenue. METHODS: The target sample size of 120 women (aged 18-70) with a history of IPV (last instance > 3 months ago) and probable PTSD (via the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5; PCL-5) will be recruited via community advertisement in Melbourne, Australia. The trial will be completed at the Alfred Centre, Monash University. Participants will complete an exercise tolerance test via the Buffalo Concussion Bike Test and then will be randomised into either aerobic exercise or passive stretching. Participants will be instructed to complete 20 min of allocated aerobic exercise or stretching for 4 weeks and given a written diary and a Fitbit smartwatch to track program adherence. The primary outcome, PTSD symptoms via the PCL-5, will be collected at baseline, 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks (primary endpoint). Secondary outcomes, including additional determinants of health (i.e. sleep, pain, substance use), cognitive testing, concussion-like symptoms in participants with a history of IPV-related brain injury, blood-based biomarkers, and feasibility and adherence to the prescribed program, will also be collected weekly at baseline, 1-, 2-, 3-, and 4-week follow-ups. DISCUSSION: This trial is an open-label randomised controlled trial to compare the effectiveness of a structured aerobic exercise program to passive stretching in women victim-survivors of IPV with probable PTSD. Results from this trial will help guide the development of individualised, financially accessible, and self-directed care plans for women living with PTSD and other persisting mental and physical health impacts of IPV. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ACTRN12624000893505. Trial registered retrospectively. Registered on 22/07/2024. https://anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?ACTRN=12624000893505. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Copas, Charlotte AU - Copas C AD - Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - Knight, Jen Makovec AU - Knight JM AD - Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. AD - Monash-Epworth Rehabilitation Research Centre, Richmond, VIC, Australia. FAU - Griffith, Sarah AU - Griffith S AD - Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - Astridge, Abigail AU - Astridge A AD - Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - Martins, Beatriz Duarte AU - Martins BD AD - Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. AD - Centre for Trauma and Mental Health Research, Health Sciences and Human Services, Vancouver Island University, Nanaimo, BC, Canada. FAU - McDonald, Stuart J AU - McDonald SJ AD - Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - Chen, Zhibin AU - Chen Z AD - Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - O'Brien, Terence J AU - O'Brien TJ AD - Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. AD - Department of Neurology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - Shultz, Sandy R AU - Shultz SR AD - Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. AD - Centre for Trauma and Mental Health Research, Health Sciences and Human Services, Vancouver Island University, Nanaimo, BC, Canada. AD - Institute on Aging & Lifelong Health, Faculty of Health, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada. FAU - Symons, Georgia F AU - Symons GF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0854-7994 AD - Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. Georgia.fullersymons1@monash.edu. AD - Centre for Trauma and Mental Health Research, Health Sciences and Human Services, Vancouver Island University, Nanaimo, BC, Canada. Georgia.fullersymons1@monash.edu. LA - eng PT - Clinical Trial Protocol PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260529 PL - England TA - Trials JT - Trials JID - 101263253 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/therapy/psychology/diagnosis MH - Female MH - *Intimate Partner Violence/psychology MH - Adult MH - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic MH - *Exercise Therapy/methods MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - Treatment Outcome MH - *Exercise MH - Aged MH - Time Factors MH - Australia PMC - PMC13410850 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Domestic and family violence OT - Exercise OT - Intimate partner violence OT - Post-traumatic stress disorder COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study has been approved by the Monash University Human Research Ethics Committee (#40295). Written, informed consent will be obtained from all participants. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/30 00:33 MHDA- 2026/07/30 12:43 PMCR- 2026/05/29 CRDT- 2026/05/29 23:38 PHST- 2025/11/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/30 12:43 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/30 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/29 23:38 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s13063-026-09796-z [pii] AID - 9796 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s13063-026-09796-z [doi] PST - epublish SO - Trials. 2026 May 29;27(1):513. doi: 10.1186/s13063-026-09796-z. PMID- 42215958 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260823 LR - 20260826 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 29 TI - Young adults' perceptions and experiences in using mobile apps and wearables for health: a qualitative study with public involvement. LID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27734-1 [doi] LID - 2422 AB - BACKGROUND: Understanding how young people interact with health apps and wearables might help develop innovative strategies to support health management and improvement adopting a technology they are already familiar with. This study aimed to investigating the user experience of young adults who use apps or wearables for health purposes. METHODS: A qualitative study using focus groups was conducted. Participants were eligible if they were between 18 and 26 years old and used an app or wearable to track at least one health variable (e.g., physical activity, diet, mental health). Transcripts were analysed using Reflexive Thematic Analysis (RTA) to identify themes grounded in the data. RESULTS: Sixteen people participated (mean age: 24.3 +/- 1.9 years; men/women: 9/7) and five themes were generated: I) My health easily all in one place: one click away; II) Exploring and learning health through catchy, personalised and user-friendly graphics; III) From monitoring my variables to empowerment: road to healthy habits; IV) Collecting achievements and connecting with others to improve my health; and V) Be careful in managing and giving too much weight to health variables!. CONCLUSIONS: Young adults viewed apps and wearables as useful and powerful tools for managing their health, helping them gain a clear overview of different health aspects and how they interact. Features such as user-friendliness, personalisation, and achievement-based feedback were widely appreciated. In contrast, educational and community features were mentioned less often. Preventive and emergency functions were also valued, even among this young population. Despite these benefits, participants raised concerns about data accuracy and the potential negative impact of overly detailed information on people who are sensitive to tracking. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Leuzzi, Gaia AU - Leuzzi G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8478-9621 AD - Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Campus of Savona, Via Magliotto 2, Savona, SV, 17100, Italy. AD - Department of Physical Education and Rehabilitation, Experimental Anatomy Research Group (EXAN), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, Brussels, 1090, Belgium. FAU - Giardulli, Benedetto AU - Giardulli B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0079-0714 AD - Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Campus of Savona, Via Magliotto 2, Savona, SV, 17100, Italy. FAU - Job, Mirko AU - Job M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0991-420X AD - Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Campus of Savona, Via Magliotto 2, Savona, SV, 17100, Italy. FAU - Leuzzi, Stella AU - Leuzzi S AD - Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and System Engineering, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy. FAU - Scafoglieri, Aldo AU - Scafoglieri A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9692-9513 AD - Department of Physical Education and Rehabilitation, Experimental Anatomy Research Group (EXAN), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, Brussels, 1090, Belgium. FAU - Testa, Marco AU - Testa M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8643-7200 AD - Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Campus of Savona, Via Magliotto 2, Savona, SV, 17100, Italy. marco.testa@unige.it. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260529 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Mobile Applications/statistics & numerical data MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - Qualitative Research MH - *Wearable Electronic Devices/statistics & numerical data MH - Adult MH - Focus Groups MH - Female MH - Digital Health MH - Adolescent MH - *Community Participation PMC - PMC13501575 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Diet OT - Exercise OT - Health OT - Mental Health OT - Mobile Applications OT - Telemedicine OT - Wearable Electronic Devices COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study received ethics approval from the Ethics Committee for University Research of the University of Genoa (CERA2023.24, date of approval April 27, 2023). Each participant read and signed an informed consent before participating in the study. Consent for publication: Written informed consent was obtained from the participants for publication of this article and any accompanying tables/images. A copy of the written consent is available for review by the Editor of this journal. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/30 00:33 MHDA- 2026/08/24 05:34 PMCR- 2026/05/29 CRDT- 2026/05/29 23:35 PHST- 2025/03/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/24 05:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/30 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/29 23:35 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27734-1 [pii] AID - 27734 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27734-1 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2026 May 29;26(1):2422. doi: 10.1186/s12889-026-27734-1. PMID- 42215178 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260717 IS - 1876-4452 (Electronic) IS - 1355-0306 (Linking) VI - 66 IP - 3 DP - 2026 May TI - Footprint analysis in a subadult Slovak population (aged 10-18 years) for stature estimation: a preliminary study. PG - 101442 LID - S1355-0306(26)00048-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.scijus.2026.101442 [doi] AB - Footprints are commonly recovered from crime scenes and accident sites. Stature estimation remains a fundamental parameter in the biological profiling of unidentified individuals, and footprint‑based methods act as an established and supplementary approach in person identification. The present cross-sectional study aims to examine the relationship between stature and footprint morphometrics in Slovak subadults and to explore their applicability in forensic anthropology caseworks and human growth research. The research included 110 subadults (58 females and 52 males) aged 10-18 years. Morphometric static footprint parameters, comprising five toe length (FPT1-FPT5), ball breadth (FPBB) and heel breadth (FPHB), along with stature, were obtained. Results indicated positive correlations of stature with all footprint variables (R = 0.366-0.894, p < 0.001), with toe lengths showing stronger associations than breadth measurements. Multiple regression models with age as a covariate demonstrated superior predictive accuracy, achieving coefficient values (R(2)) up to 0.910 in males and 0.820 in females. Footprints show potential for stature estimation in the subadult population, particularly when multiple footprint variables are included in regression models. Further investigations on larger and more diverse subadult populations along with age-based stratifications are recommended to validate and extend the outcomes of this research. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Chartered Society of Forensic Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Svabova Nee Uhrova, Petra AU - Svabova Nee Uhrova P AD - Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynska dolina, 84215 Bratislava, Slovak Republic. Electronic address: petra.svabova@uniba.sk. FAU - Seal, Saumya AU - Seal S AD - Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynska dolina, 84215 Bratislava, Slovak Republic. Electronic address: seal1@uniba.sk. FAU - Falbova, Darina AU - Falbova D AD - Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynska dolina, 84215 Bratislava, Slovak Republic. Electronic address: darina.falbova@uniba.sk. FAU - Bodorikova, Silvia AU - Bodorikova S AD - Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynska dolina, 84215 Bratislava, Slovak Republic. Electronic address: silvia.bodorikova@uniba.sk. FAU - Phamova, Dominika AU - Phamova D AD - Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynska dolina, 84215 Bratislava, Slovak Republic. Electronic address: dphamova@hotmail.com. FAU - Fuchsova, Maria AU - Fuchsova M AD - Department of Didactics of Mathematics and Science Subjects, Faculty of Education, Comenius University Bratislava, Racianska 59, 813 34 Bratislava, Slovak Republic. Electronic address: fuchsova@fedu.uniba.sk. FAU - Benus, Radoslav AU - Benus R AD - Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynska dolina, 84215 Bratislava, Slovak Republic; Forensic.sk Institute of Forensic Medical Expertise, Expert Institute, Bratislava, Slovak Republic. Electronic address: radoslav.benus@uniba.sk. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260416 PL - England TA - Sci Justice JT - Science & justice : journal of the Forensic Science Society JID - 9508563 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Slovakia MH - Male MH - *Body Height MH - Forensic Anthropology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Foot/anatomy & histology MH - Regression Analysis OTO - NOTNLM OT - Biological profile OT - Footprint morphometry OT - Forensic anthropology OT - Stature estimation OT - Subadult Slovaks COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/05/30 00:32 MHDA- 2026/05/30 00:33 CRDT- 2026/05/29 20:55 PHST- 2026/02/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/30 00:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/30 00:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/29 20:55 [entrez] AID - S1355-0306(26)00048-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.scijus.2026.101442 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Sci Justice. 2026 May;66(3):101442. doi: 10.1016/j.scijus.2026.101442. Epub 2026 Apr 16. PMID- 42214894 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260612 LR - 20260625 IS - 1878-5506 (Electronic) IS - 1389-9457 (Linking) VI - 145 DP - 2026 Sep TI - The impact of actigraphy parameter choices on sleep estimates in one-month-old infants. PG - 109046 LID - S1389-9457(26)00285-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.sleep.2026.109046 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Actigraphy is a non-invasive method of recording sleep-wake cycles. Accurate detection depends on the choice of algorithm parameters, particularly the time window and activity threshold. This study aims to compare different combination of these parameters for estimating total sleep duration and the number of sleep bouts in one-month-old infants. METHODS: Forty-nine breastfed infants (aged 24.9 +/- 3.6 days) were monitored at home for seven days. Sleep was recorded using an actigraph (MotionWatch8). Raw 60-s epochs were cross-checked with parental sleep report to correct artefactual immobility. Sleep-wake classification used 3- or 5-min windows and thresholds of 15, 20, or 40 counts. For each valid day, total sleep duration, number of sleep bouts, mean sleep bout duration and sleep-period durations were extracted. Analyses included linear mixed-effects models, Poisson regression, and plausibility screening based on pediatric literature values for sleep duration (9.3-20 h). A focused comparison between W3-T15 and W5-T15 configurations assessed sleep bout duration. RESULTS: Among the tested configurations, estimated sleep duration ranged from 15.9 to 18.1 h per day, with higher activity thresholds systematically inflating sleep duration. Threshold choice had a strong effect on total sleep duration (p < 0.001), whereas window length had minimal influence. Five-minute windows identified 50% fewer sleep bouts (p < 0.001), and produced substantially longer bout durations (p < 0.001). The W5-T15 configuration increased the proportion of sleep periods lasting 45-60-min sleep periods (7.8% vs. 5.2%, p < 0.001) and reduced the proportion of shorter periods (57.5% vs. 76.9%, p < 0.001). Overall, a threshold of 15 counts yielded the most coherent estimates. CONCLUSION: Actigraphy-derived sleep estimates in one-month-old infants are strongly influenced by the choice of activity threshold and time-window duration. Comparing six configurations revealed clear trade-offs: shorter windows increased sensitivity to brief transitions, whereas longer windows reduced fragmentation artefacts and yielded more consolidated sleep periods. These findings underscore the need for standardized parameter settings in early-infancy actigraphy and provide a reproducible basis for future methodological and validation work. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Halbouty, Zeina AU - Halbouty Z AD - PeriTox laboratory (UMR_I 01), UPJV/INERIS, Jules Verne University of Picardy, Amiens, France. Electronic address: zeinahalbouty16@gmail.com. FAU - Youbi, Lamine AU - Youbi L AD - PeriTox laboratory (UMR_I 01), UPJV/INERIS, Jules Verne University of Picardy, Amiens, France. FAU - Bach, Veronique AU - Bach V AD - PeriTox laboratory (UMR_I 01), UPJV/INERIS, Jules Verne University of Picardy, Amiens, France. FAU - Delanaud, Stephane AU - Delanaud S AD - PeriTox laboratory (UMR_I 01), UPJV/INERIS, Jules Verne University of Picardy, Amiens, France. FAU - Haraux, Elodie AU - Haraux E AD - PeriTox laboratory (UMR_I 01), UPJV/INERIS, Jules Verne University of Picardy, Amiens, France; Paediatric Surgery Unit, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France. FAU - Chardon, Karen AU - Chardon K AD - PeriTox laboratory (UMR_I 01), UPJV/INERIS, Jules Verne University of Picardy, Amiens, France. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260527 PL - Netherlands TA - Sleep Med JT - Sleep medicine JID - 100898759 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Actigraphy/methods MH - Infant MH - Sleep Duration MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Sleep/physiology MH - Algorithms MH - Wakefulness/physiology MH - Time Factors OTO - NOTNLM OT - Actigraphy OT - Activity threshold OT - Methodological standardization OT - One month old: time window OT - Parameter selection OT - Sleep COIS- Declaration of competing interest There is nothing to declare. EDAT- 2026/05/30 00:32 MHDA- 2026/06/13 00:38 CRDT- 2026/05/29 19:50 PHST- 2026/03/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/13 00:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/30 00:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/29 19:50 [entrez] AID - S1389-9457(26)00285-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.sleep.2026.109046 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Sleep Med. 2026 Sep;145:109046. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2026.109046. Epub 2026 May 27. PMID- 42214857 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260828 LR - 20260924 IS - 1873-7358 (Electronic) IS - 1471-0153 (Print) IS - 1471-0153 (Linking) VI - 62 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Athletes' relationships to training: Validation of an assessment tool across female and male athletes. PG - 102100 LID - S1471-0153(26)00033-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2026.102100 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Reasons for exercise training are often adaptive (e.g., athletic achievement), but for some athletes, their relationship with training can include a maladaptive desire for weight loss, which can increase risk for eating-disorder pathology. Prior validation of the Athletes' Relationships to Training scale (ART) supported its validity among female athletes. The current study extended this work to compare psychometric properties of the ART among female and male athletes; we expected the measure to perform similarly across sexes. METHODS: We conducted confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) in the full sample and measurement invariance tests separated by self-reported sex in young-adult athletes from three universities (N = 424, 44.3% male, M[SD]age = 18.9[1.3] years). Pearson correlations tested associations among ART scores with other psychological symptoms to evaluate construct validity, and t-tests evaluated mean group differences in ART scores between males and females. RESULTS: The ART's four-factor structure replicated in the full sample, and in males and females separately with good fit. Results from multi-group CFA analyses supported measurement invariance between males and females. There was support for construct validity, such that overall correlations among the ART, maladaptive exercise measures, and eating-disorder pathology were higher relative to correlations with anxiety and depression. Compared to females, males scored significantly higher on the ART total and all subscale scores, with the exception of Body Dissatisfaction. DISCUSSION: Results provided preliminary evidence that the ART can be used to assess maladaptive training behaviors among both male and female young-adult athletes, thereby informing interventions designed to improve exercise motivation. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Chapa, Danielle A N AU - Chapa DAN AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. Electronic address: iversonchapada@upmc.edu. FAU - Hagan, Kelsey E AU - Hagan KE AD - Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. Electronic address: kelsey.hagan@vcuhealth.org. FAU - Brown, Tiffany A AU - Brown TA AD - Department of Psychological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA. Electronic address: tiffanybrown@auburn.edu. FAU - Harriger, Jennifer A AU - Harriger JA AD - Department of Social Sciences, Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA, USA. Electronic address: jennifer.harriger@pepperdine.edu. FAU - Sanzari, Christina M AU - Sanzari CM AD - Department of Psychology, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA. Electronic address: csanzari@albany.edu. FAU - Hanss, Kaitlin AU - Hanss K AD - Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Electronic address: kaitlin.hanss@ucsf.edu. FAU - Flatt, Rachael E AU - Flatt RE AD - Division of Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedics and Division of Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: rachaeleflatt@gmail.com. FAU - Forbush, Kelsie T AU - Forbush KT AD - Department of Clinical Child Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA; Life Span Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA. Electronic address: kforbush@ku.edu. FAU - Becker, Carolyn B AU - Becker CB AD - Department of Psychology, Trinity University, San Antonio. TX, USA. Electronic address: cbecker@trinity.edu. FAU - Farrell, Jennifer I AU - Farrell JI AD - Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA. Electronic address: j_gapin@uncg.edu. FAU - Stewart, Tiffany M AU - Stewart TM AD - Pennington Biomedical Research Center/Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA. Electronic address: tiffany.stewart@pbrc.edu. FAU - Gorrell, Sasha AU - Gorrell S AD - Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Electronic address: sasha.gorrell@ucsf.edu. LA - eng GR - K23 MH126201/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 MH018269/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AG086777/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States GR - K12 AR084233/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/United States GR - R25 MH060482/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States GR - R61 MH133710/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260528 PL - United States TA - Eat Behav JT - Eating behaviors JID - 101090048 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Athletes/psychology MH - Adolescent MH - Psychometrics MH - Young Adult MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Sex Factors MH - Factor Analysis, Statistical MH - Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology MH - Motivation PMC - PMC13344084 MID - NIHMS2190693 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Athletes OT - College athletes OT - Eating disorders OT - Male athletes OT - Motivation OT - Training COIS- Declaration of competing interest This work received no specific grant from any funding agency, commercial or not-for-profit sectors. Dr. Chapa (T32MH018269), and Dr. Brown (R61MH133710) are supported by the National Institute of Mental Health. Dr. Hagan is supported by the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (K12AR084233). Ms. Sanzari is supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship (Grant No. 1645421). Dr. Becker is supported by the National Institute of Aging (R01AG086777-01). Dr. Stewart is supported by the Department of Defense (HT94252311015) and the Wu Tsai Alliance. EDAT- 2026/05/30 00:33 MHDA- 2026/08/28 23:34 PMCR- 2026/07/09 CRDT- 2026/05/29 19:49 PHST- 2026/02/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/28 23:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/30 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/29 19:49 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1471-0153(26)00033-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2026.102100 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eat Behav. 2026 Aug;62:102100. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2026.102100. Epub 2026 May 28. PMID- 42214814 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260710 LR - 20260728 IS - 1873-1600 (Electronic) IS - 1466-853X (Linking) VI - 80 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Assessing side-to-side injury risk and reliability of the modified landing error scoring system (LESS-M) in youth basketball athletes. PG - 101937 LID - S1466-853X(26)00058-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ptsp.2026.101937 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To explore the risk of non-contact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury in basketball players, with a specific focus on comparing dominant (DL) and non-dominant limbs (NDL) assessed with the LESS-M and tested the LESS-M reliability. DESIGN: Observational study. SETTING: Field-based testing. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-six youth basketball players (31 males, 5 females; average BMI 21.35 +/- 1.98 kg/m(2)). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: LESS-M total scores of DL and NDL, and intraclass correlation coefficient ICC((2,1)) and ICC((2,k)) reliability. RESULTS: The LESS-M total scores were no statistically significant side-to-side difference (p = 0.327) between DL (4.11 +/- 1.16) and NDL (4.28 +/- 1.36). The LESS-M demonstrated good intra- and inter-rater reliability, with ICC((2,1)) = 0.789 and ICC((2,k)) = 0.803, respectively. CONCLUSION: The risk of non-contact ACL injury assessed using the LESS-M was similar between the DL and NDL in basketball players. The LESS-M demonstrated good reliability and may be a practical screening tool for movement assessment in basketball athletes. Future prospective studies are needed to establish cut-off values and explore its application in injured populations. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Gao, Yu AU - Gao Y AD - Biomechanics and Sports Research Unit, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand. FAU - Sinsurin, Komsak AU - Sinsurin K AD - Biomechanics and Sports Research Unit, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand. Electronic address: komsak.sin@mahidol.ac.th. FAU - Vachalathiti, Roongtiwa AU - Vachalathiti R AD - Musculoskeletal Physical Therapy Research Unit, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand. FAU - Areerak, Kantheera AU - Areerak K AD - Biomechanics and Sports Research Unit, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand. FAU - Sondang Irawan, Dimas AU - Sondang Irawan D AD - Physical Therapy Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Muhammadiyah Malang, Malang, Indonesia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260527 PL - England TA - Phys Ther Sport JT - Physical therapy in sport : official journal of the Association of Chartered Physiotherapists in Sports Medicine JID - 100940513 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Basketball/injuries MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - *Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries/diagnosis MH - Male MH - Risk Assessment/methods MH - *Athletic Injuries MH - Exercise Test OTO - NOTNLM OT - Injury risk assessment OT - Jump landing OT - Lower-limb dominance OT - Movement error OT - Movement screening COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. EDAT- 2026/05/30 00:33 MHDA- 2026/07/10 12:46 CRDT- 2026/05/29 19:48 PHST- 2025/10/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/10 12:46 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/30 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/29 19:48 [entrez] AID - S1466-853X(26)00058-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ptsp.2026.101937 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Phys Ther Sport. 2026 Jul;80:101937. doi: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2026.101937. Epub 2026 May 27. PMID- 42214695 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260729 LR - 20261008 IS - 1543-2920 (Electronic) IS - 0899-8493 (Linking) VI - 38 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Aug 1 TI - Associations of Physical Activity and Sedentary Time From Childhood to Adolescence With Cognition in Adolescence: The PANIC Study. PG - 268-283 LID - 10.1123/pes.2025-0083 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: Investigate the associations of cumulative exposure to physical activity (PA), sedentary time (ST), and screen time from childhood to adolescence over an 8-year follow-up with cognition in adolescence. METHODS: All together, 260 adolescents (136 boys) who were 15-17 y at 8-y follow-up were analyzed. PA and ST were assessed using an Actiheart device, and different types of PA, nonscreen-based ST, and screen time were assessed by a questionnaire at baseline, 2-y and 8-y examinations. Cognition was assessed using CogState tests at 8-year examinations. RESULTS: Self-reported cumulative unsupervised PA from childhood to adolescence was inversely associated with accuracy in working memory task (standardized regression coefficient, beta = -0.127; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.247 to -0.008) in adolescence. Self-reported nonscreen-based ST was inversely associated with reaction time (beta = -0.176; 95% CI, -0.299 to -0.053) and accuracy (beta = -0.149; 95% CI, -0.274 to -0.024) in working memory tasks. Self-reported screen time was inversely associated with reaction time (beta = -0.194; 95% CI, -0.316 to -0.071) and accuracy (beta = -0.233; 95% CI, -0.355 to -0.112) in both working memory tasks and directly associated with overall cognition (beta = 0.187; 95% CI, 0.070 to 0.305). CONCLUSION: Accumulating less unsupervised PA and more screen time from childhood to adolescence was associated with better cognition in adolescence. FAU - Jalanko, Petri AU - Jalanko P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8758-7275 AD - Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla,Finland. AD - Helsinki Sports and Exercise Medicine Clinic (HULA), Foundation for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Helsinki,Finland. FAU - Leppanen, Marja H AU - Leppanen MH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6933-8809 AD - Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio,Finland. AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki,Finland. FAU - Bond, Bert AU - Bond B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3597-8562 AD - Children's Health and Exercise Research Centre, Public Health and Sport Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter,United Kingdom. FAU - Laukkanen, Jari A AU - Laukkanen JA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3738-1586 AD - Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio,Finland. AD - Department of Medicine, Wellbeing Services County of Central Finland, Jyvaskyla,Finland. FAU - Lakka, Timo A AU - Lakka TA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9199-2871 AD - Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio,Finland. AD - Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Imaging, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio,Finland. AD - Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio,Finland. FAU - Haapala, Eero A AU - Haapala EA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5096-851X AD - Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla,Finland. AD - Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio,Finland. AD - Children's Health and Exercise Research Centre, Public Health and Sport Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter,United Kingdom. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260529 PL - United States TA - Pediatr Exerc Sci JT - Pediatric exercise science JID - 8909729 SB - IM EIN - Pediatr Exerc Sci. 2026 Oct 7:1. doi: 10.1123/pes.2026-0166. PMID: 42843635 MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Male MH - *Sedentary Behavior MH - *Cognition MH - Female MH - *Exercise MH - Memory, Short-Term MH - Child MH - *Screen Time MH - Self Report MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Reaction Time OTO - NOTNLM OT - CogState OT - accelerometer OT - questionnaire OT - screen time EDAT- 2026/05/30 00:32 MHDA- 2026/07/29 13:54 CRDT- 2026/05/29 19:34 PHST- 2025/06/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/12/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/01/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/29 13:54 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/30 00:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/29 19:34 [entrez] AID - 10.1123/pes.2025-0083 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Pediatr Exerc Sci. 2026 May 29;38(3):268-283. doi: 10.1123/pes.2025-0083. Print 2026 Aug 1. PMID- 42214620 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260613 LR - 20260615 IS - 2341-1929 (Electronic) IS - 2341-1929 (Linking) VI - 73 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun-Jul TI - KETOMED Study Protocol: Ketonemia and emergence delirium in a multicenter study. PG - 502131 LID - S2341-1929(26)00119-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.redare.2026.502131 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Emergence Delirium (ED) following general anaesthesia affects up to a third of paediatric patients. Its multifactorial aetiology suggests that the metabolic state derived from preoperative fasting plays a significant role. Ketonemia, a physiological state associated with fasting, has been minimally investigated as an independent risk factor for ED. The KETOMED study aims to determine whether preoperative ketonemia is independently associated with the development of emergence delirium in the paediatric population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Multicentre observational study in paediatric patients under general anaesthesia. Participants will be grouped based on the presence or absence of ED, defined using the Paediatric Anaesthesia Emergence Delirium (PAED) scale. Inclusion and exclusion criteria have been based on age, surgical type, and anaesthesia protocol. Main outcome will be ED and its association with ketone levels. Secondary outcomes include other clinical and sociodemographic risk factors and parental satisfaction. DISCUSSION: Despite the number of studies showing the beneficial role of ketone bodies in cerebral development, little is known of their potential role in the induction of ED. KETOMED addresses this issue in a robust prospective study using validated tools, including the Spanish translation of the PAED scale. CONCLUSION: KETOMED is expected to establish evidence supporting the implementation of low-cost preoperative ketonemia screening. The results have the potential to guide clinical practice regarding fasting management and clear fluid administration, ultimately aiming to reduce the incidence of ED and improve the quality and safety of paediatric anaesthetic recovery. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Sociedad Espanola de Anestesiologia, Reanimacion y Terapeutica del Dolor. Publicado por Elsevier Espana, S.L.U. All rights reserved. FAU - Poves Alvarez, R AU - Poves Alvarez R AD - Servicio de Anestesiologia, Hospital Clinico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain; BioCritic. Group for Biomedical Research in Critical Care Medicine; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Cirugia, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain; Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria (IBioVall), Valladolid, Spain. FAU - Lopez-Santin, E AU - Lopez-Santin E AD - Servicio de Anestesiologia, Hospital Clinico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain; BioCritic. Group for Biomedical Research in Critical Care Medicine; Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria (IBioVall), Valladolid, Spain. Electronic address: elopezsant@saludcastillayleon.es. FAU - Martinez-Rafael, B AU - Martinez-Rafael B AD - Servicio de Anestesiologia, Hospital Clinico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain; BioCritic. Group for Biomedical Research in Critical Care Medicine; Departamento de Cirugia, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain; Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria (IBioVall), Valladolid, Spain. FAU - Badenes, R AU - Badenes R AD - Servicio de Anestesiologia, Hospital Clinic Universitari, Valencia, Spain; Departamento de Cirugia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; INCLIVA - Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria, Valencia, Spain. FAU - Varela, M AU - Varela M AD - Departamento de Cirugia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruna, Spain; Servicio de Anestesiologia, Hospital Universitario de Pontevedra, Pontevedra, Spain; Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Galicia Sur (IISGS), Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain. FAU - Abad-Gurumeta, A AU - Abad-Gurumeta A AD - Servicio de Anestesiologia, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Madrid, Spain; Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. FAU - de Miguel-Manso, S AU - de Miguel-Manso S AD - Servicio de Anestesiologia, Hospital Clinico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain; BioCritic. Group for Biomedical Research in Critical Care Medicine; Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria (IBioVall), Valladolid, Spain. FAU - Minambres-Villar, M A AU - Minambres-Villar MA AD - Servicio de Anestesiologia, Hospital Clinico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain; BioCritic. Group for Biomedical Research in Critical Care Medicine; Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria (IBioVall), Valladolid, Spain. FAU - Carrasco Serrano, E AU - Carrasco Serrano E AD - Servicio de Anestesiologia, Hospital Clinico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain; BioCritic. Group for Biomedical Research in Critical Care Medicine; Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria (IBioVall), Valladolid, Spain. FAU - Fernandez-Urbon, A AU - Fernandez-Urbon A AD - Servicio de Anestesiologia, Hospital Clinico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain; BioCritic. Group for Biomedical Research in Critical Care Medicine; Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria (IBioVall), Valladolid, Spain. FAU - Tamayo, E AU - Tamayo E AD - Servicio de Anestesiologia, Hospital Clinico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain; BioCritic. Group for Biomedical Research in Critical Care Medicine; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Cirugia, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain; Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria (IBioVall), Valladolid, Spain. FAU - Gomez Pesquera, E AU - Gomez Pesquera E AD - Servicio de Anestesiologia, Hospital Clinico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain; BioCritic. Group for Biomedical Research in Critical Care Medicine; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Cirugia, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain; Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria (IBioVall), Valladolid, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260528 PL - Spain TA - Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim (Engl Ed) JT - Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion JID - 101778594 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Emergence Delirium/etiology/epidemiology MH - Pediatric Anesthesia MH - Prospective Studies MH - Child MH - *Ketosis/complications/blood/diagnosis MH - Fasting MH - *Anesthesia, General/adverse effects MH - Risk Factors MH - Child, Preschool MH - Clinical Protocols MH - Infant OTO - NOTNLM OT - Agitacion al despertar OT - Anestesia pediatrica OT - Ayuno preoperatorio OT - Cetonemia OT - Cirugia pediatrica OT - Emergence delirium OT - Ketonemia OT - Paediatric anaesthesia OT - Paediatric surgery OT - Preoperative fasting COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/30 00:33 MHDA- 2026/06/15 11:32 CRDT- 2026/05/29 19:33 PHST- 2025/12/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/15 11:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/30 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/29 19:33 [entrez] AID - S2341-1929(26)00119-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.redare.2026.502131 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim (Engl Ed). 2026 Jun-Jul;73(6):502131. doi: 10.1016/j.redare.2026.502131. Epub 2026 May 28. PMID- 42214444 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260529 IS - 1098-8947 (Electronic) IS - 0743-684X (Linking) DP - 2026 May 29 TI - Beyond the Chest X-Ray: Comparative Performance of Preoperative Tests for Phrenic Nerve Dysfunction in Brachial Plexus Injuries. LID - 10.1055/a-2880-0545 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The phrenic nerve, arising from C3-C5 and innervating the diaphragm, is frequently affected in brachial plexus injuries (BPI). Given its role in respiration, preoperative assessment is essential to anticipate respiratory compromise in high-risk patients (e.g., elderly, obese, pediatric, smokers) and to determine its suitability as a donor nerve in selected cases. Traditional tests such as inspiratory-expiratory chest radiographs (CXR) are commonly used but have limited sensitivity. More recent modalities-including chest sonography, pulmonary function testing (PFT), and magnetic resonance neurography (MRN)-have been described, though their relative performance in BPI remains unclear. This study systematically compared these methods against intraoperative phrenic nerve stimulation as the reference standard. METHODS: A retrospective review was performed of patients undergoing brachial plexus reconstruction between 2020 and 2024. Inclusion required documented intraoperative phrenic nerve stimulation and at least one preoperative diagnostic test. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were calculated. McNemar's test assessed diagnostic agreement, DeLong's test compared AUCs, and logistic regression identified predictors of phrenic nerve injury. RESULTS: Among 113 patients, chest sonography provided the highest diagnostic accuracy, with 100% sensitivity, 80% specificity, and an AUC of 0.900. CXR showed the greatest specificity (93%) but low sensitivity (44%), yielding an AUC of 0.687. PFT demonstrated moderate sensitivity (86%) and low specificity (58%), with an AUC of 0.718. MRN performed poorly: MRN of the injured C4 root showed 22.2% sensitivity, 84.4% specificity, and an AUC of 0.533, while MRN of the injured C5 root yielded high sensitivity (87%) but very low specificity (6.5%), with an AUC of 0.467. CONCLUSION: Chest sonography provides the most reliable assessment of phrenic nerve function in BPI. Although CXR offers high specificity, its low sensitivity limits its use as a standalone test. A combined approach with sonography and CXR may enhance diagnostic accuracy. CI - Thieme. All rights reserved. FAU - Yen, Patrick Szu-Ying AU - Yen PS AD - Taiwan, and Chang Gung University, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Taiwan. FAU - Lee, Che-Hsiung AU - Lee CH AD - Taiwan, and Chang Gung University, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Taiwan. FAU - Adidharma, Widya AU - Adidharma W AD - University of Michigan Medical School, Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, United States. FAU - Hu, Han-Chung AU - Hu HC AD - Chang Gung University, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taiwan. FAU - Chang, Tommy Nai-Jen AU - Chang TN AD - Taiwan, and Chang Gung University, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Taiwan. FAU - Chuang, David Chwei-Chin AU - Chuang DC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6117-5600 AD - Taipei Medical University, Wan Fang Hospital, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taiwan. FAU - Lu, Johnny Chuieng-Yi AU - Lu JC AD - Taiwan, and Chang Gung University, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Taiwan. AD - Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, United States. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260529 PL - United States TA - J Reconstr Microsurg JT - Journal of reconstructive microsurgery JID - 8502670 SB - IM COIS- The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/30 00:32 MHDA- 2026/05/30 00:32 CRDT- 2026/05/29 19:14 PHST- 2026/05/30 00:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/30 00:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/29 19:14 [entrez] AID - 10.1055/a-2880-0545 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - J Reconstr Microsurg. 2026 May 29. doi: 10.1055/a-2880-0545. PMID- 42214131 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260611 LR - 20260611 IS - 1873-1244 (Electronic) IS - 0899-9007 (Linking) VI - 149 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Orthorexia nervosa prevalence and associated factors in individuals attending a diet outpatient clinic: A cross-sectional study. PG - 113258 LID - S0899-9007(26)00166-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.nut.2026.113258 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Orthorexia nervosa (ON) is characterized by an excessive preoccupation with consuming healthy foods, which may lead to dietary restrictions, psychological distress, and social isolation. Despite its increasing recognition, ON is not yet formally classified in the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM), and its prevalence among individuals seeking dietary guidance remains underexplored. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of orthorexic tendencies and their associated factors among individuals attending a diet outpatient clinic. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Yalova Governmental Hospital Outpatient Diet Polyclinic. A total of 265 participants were recruited using a convenience sampling method. Data were collected through a socio-demographic questionnaire and the ORTO-15 Scale, a widely used tool for assessing ON tendencies. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 22.0, with chi-square tests and ANOVA applied to examine relationships between ON and body mass index (BMI). A p-value <.05 was considered statistically significant. In addition, a multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with orthorexic tendencies. RESULTS: The prevalence of orthorexic tendencies among participants was 17%, exceeding the rates reported in the general population. No significant relationship was found between BMI and ON tendencies (p = .27), supporting previous research suggesting that ON is more concerned with food quality than body image. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, none of the examined variables were significantly associated with orthorexic tendencies. Participants relied primarily on mass media and dietitians for nutritional information, indicating potential influences on dietary behaviors. CONCLUSIONS: This study identified orthorexic tendencies in 17% of individuals attending a diet outpatient clinic, exceeding general population estimates. However, given the psychometric limitations of the ORTO-15, this figure should be interpreted cautiously. No significant sociodemographic or clinical predictors were identified. These findings suggest that orthorexic tendencies may be clinically relevant in dietary settings and highlight the need for validated assessment tools and further research. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Atabay, Fatma Ebru AU - Atabay FE AD - Yalova Governmental Hospital Diet Outpatient Clinic, Yalova, Turkey. FAU - Altin, Duygu AU - Altin D AD - Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Electronic address: d.altin@uva.nl. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260502 PL - United States TA - Nutrition JT - Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) JID - 8802712 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - Adult MH - Prevalence MH - Male MH - Body Mass Index MH - Young Adult MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Feeding and Eating Disorders/epidemiology/psychology MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - Middle Aged MH - Adolescent MH - *Diet, Healthy/psychology MH - Logistic Models MH - *Diet/psychology MH - Ambulatory Care Facilities OTO - NOTNLM OT - Body mass index (BMI) OT - Dietary behavior OT - Eating disorders OT - Healthy eating obsession OT - ORTO-15 scale OT - Orthorexia nervosa COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/05/30 00:33 MHDA- 2026/06/12 00:38 CRDT- 2026/05/29 18:03 PHST- 2025/06/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/12 00:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/30 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/29 18:03 [entrez] AID - S0899-9007(26)00166-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.nut.2026.113258 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nutrition. 2026 Sep;149:113258. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2026.113258. Epub 2026 May 2. PMID- 42213820 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260701 LR - 20260701 IS - 1543-5237 (Electronic) IS - 0367-0244 (Linking) VI - 65 IP - 3-4 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Intergenerational Differences in Cultural Capital and Food Promotion Perceptions: Evidence from Urban Indian Families. PG - 171-202 LID - 10.1080/03670244.2026.2674040 [doi] AB - This study examines intergenerational differences in cultural capital and attitudes toward marketing of high-fat, sugar, and salt (HFSS) foods in urban, middle-class Indian households. A survey of parents (n = 218) and co-residing grandparents (n = 40) assessed values, food-related skills, and nutrition knowledge. The questionnaire incorporated validated multi-item scales measuring general human values, social beliefs, and nutrition-related competencies, thereby operationalizing cultural capital across embodied, institutionalized, and objectified dimensions. Parents scored higher on food information skills and sugar and protein knowledge, aligning with health discourse and media literacy. Grandparents relied on traditional caregiving and culinary practices. Drawing the forms of capital framework, findings revealed selective intergenerational contrasts in nutrition literacy and policy receptivity, while awareness of promotional environments remained largely convergent across cohorts, indicating that intergenerational negotiation occurs primarily at the level of interpretive evaluation rather than exposure itself. FAU - Iyer, Kavitha Venkatasubramany AU - Iyer KV AD - Symbiosis Centre for Media and Communication (SCMC), Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260529 PL - United States TA - Ecol Food Nutr JT - Ecology of food and nutrition JID - 0315073 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - India MH - Female MH - Urban Population MH - Male MH - *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MH - *Intergenerational Relations MH - Adult MH - *Culture MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Parents MH - Adolescent MH - Middle Aged MH - Grandparents MH - *Diet MH - Marketing MH - Child OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescents OT - India OT - family food practices OT - food marketing OT - grandparents OT - intergenerational OT - nutrition knowledge EDAT- 2026/05/29 18:34 MHDA- 2026/07/01 18:34 CRDT- 2026/05/29 14:02 PHST- 2026/07/01 18:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/29 18:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/29 14:02 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/03670244.2026.2674040 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Ecol Food Nutr. 2026 Jul;65(3-4):171-202. doi: 10.1080/03670244.2026.2674040. Epub 2026 May 29. PMID- 42213690 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260813 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 5 DP - 2026 TI - The utility of innominate dry bone weight in age estimation: A new pelvic aging method. PG - e0350291 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0350291 [doi] LID - e0350291 AB - This research investigated the relationships between bone weight, chronological age, and biological sex. This study examined 383 innominates from individuals aged 16-93 years to investigate how bone weight (here a proxy for bone mineral density) was patterned throughout the lifespan. Standard osteology laboratory equipment as well as a scale were used to measure innominate height and dry bone weight. Dry bone weight is an imperfect proxy for bone mineral density; however, the phenomenon of decreases in bone weight with age was observed and quantified in this dry bone sample. While both males and females are affected by a slow reduction in bone mineral density over the course of their lifespans, this effect is exaggerated in females and was reflected in the study results. To quantify these changes, the authors created predictive Bayesian linear models to estimate age at death from dry bone weight, height, and biological sex. The best performing model R2 was 0.33, with an average inaccuracy of 9.37 years. Estimated age was within +/-10 years of known age for 57.3% of the training sample, and 87.2% of estimated ages at death were within +/-20 years of known age. When these models were tested on a smaller modern subsample, the results were both less accurate and less precise, demonstrating a need for validation on expanded modern samples. Overall, these results demonstrate that significant decreases in dry bone weight are associated with increased chronological age in the training sample, particularly in females. This study demonstrates that dry bone weights may be used to support estimates of chronological age; however, they should be applied cautiously, further tested, and only used in concert with well-validated age-at-death estimation methods. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Zurek-Ost, Sorensen. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Zurek-Ost, Andrea M AU - Zurek-Ost AM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9959-4798 AD - Research Laboratories of Archaeology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America. FAU - Sorensen, Mark AU - Sorensen M AD - Anthropology Department, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260529 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Bone Density/physiology MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - Aged MH - Middle Aged MH - Adult MH - *Age Determination by Skeleton/methods MH - Young Adult MH - *Aging/physiology MH - Organ Size MH - *Pelvic Bones/physiology MH - Bayes Theorem PMC - PMC13221078 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/05/29 18:33 MHDA- 2026/05/29 18:34 PMCR- 2026/05/29 CRDT- 2026/05/29 13:34 PHST- 2026/02/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/29 18:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/29 18:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/29 13:34 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-26-09937 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0350291 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 May 29;21(5):e0350291. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0350291. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42213384 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260813 IS - 2196-1042 (Electronic) IS - 1723-7785 (Print) IS - 1723-7785 (Linking) VI - 27 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 29 TI - Evaluation of artificial intelligence-based cephalometric analysis compared to the manual method. LID - 10.1186/s40510-026-00628-z [doi] LID - 22 AB - BACKGROUND: The application of artificial intelligence (AI) to cephalometry has aroused growing interest due to its potential to optimize clinical workflows and improve efficiency. This study aimed to compare the differences and reproducibility of cephalometric measurements obtained using three methods: manual, WebCeph and AngelAligner. METHODOLOGY: 30 patients were analysed, evaluating 9 measurements generated by the three methods at two different timepoints (T1 and T2). RESULTS: WebCeph presented significant differences as compared to the manual method in 7 of the 9 measurements (SNA, SNB, ANB, U1-APg, L1-APg, GoGn-SN, U1-L1), while AngelAligner displayed significant differences with the manual method in 4 measurements (SNA, U1-APg, L1-APg and U1-L1). Significant differences were found between the two AI-based systems in 7 of the 9 measurements. Reproducibility was high at all angles with the manual method, except for U1-L1, NLA, and LFH. The ICC was 1 for all measurements for both AI-based systems, indicating optimal reproducibility. When grouping by malocclusions, however, WebCeph presented greater differences with the manual method than AngelAligner. CONCLUSION: AI-based methods offered greater reproducibility than the manual method, but still require human supervision. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Alvarado-Lorenzo, Alfonso AU - Alvarado-Lorenzo A AD - Department of Oral Surgery, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain. FAU - Criado-Perez, Laura AU - Criado-Perez L AD - Department of Oral Surgery, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain. lauracriado@usal.es. FAU - Garcovich, Daniele AU - Garcovich D AD - Department of Dentistry, European University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. FAU - Romero, Sabina AU - Romero S AD - Department of Oral Surgery, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain. FAU - Scuzzo, Giuseppe AU - Scuzzo G AD - Department of Orthodontics, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy. FAU - Scuzzo, Giacomo AU - Scuzzo G AD - Eline Clinic, Rome, Italy. FAU - Curto, Adrian AU - Curto A AD - Department of Oral Surgery, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260529 PL - Germany TA - Prog Orthod JT - Progress in orthodontics JID - 100936353 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Cephalometry/methods MH - *Artificial Intelligence MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Female MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - Malocclusion/diagnostic imaging/pathology MH - Mandible PMC - PMC13221533 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Artificial intelligence OT - Cephalometrics OT - Digital OT - Manual tracing COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The protocol for all procedures adhered to the basic principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and Spanish Organic Law 3/2018 of December 5, on Personal Data Protection and the guarantee of digital rights, and was approved by the University of Salamanca ethics committee (cod:1074/2023). All participants provided informed consent. Consent for publication: Consent for publication was obtained from all participants. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/29 15:40 MHDA- 2026/05/29 15:41 PMCR- 2026/05/29 CRDT- 2026/05/29 11:20 PHST- 2026/02/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/29 15:41 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/29 15:40 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/29 11:20 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s40510-026-00628-z [pii] AID - 628 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s40510-026-00628-z [doi] PST - epublish SO - Prog Orthod. 2026 May 29;27(1):22. doi: 10.1186/s40510-026-00628-z. PMID- 42213130 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260807 LR - 20260813 IS - 1439-6327 (Electronic) IS - 1439-6319 (Print) IS - 1439-6319 (Linking) VI - 126 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Evaluation of biological and psychometric variables in children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities engaged in aquatic and land-based physical activities. PG - 4593-4605 LID - 10.1007/s00421-026-06195-9 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to examine the physiological and psychological responses to aquatic and land-based activities in children and adolescents with intellectual disability (ID) and/or autism spectrum disorder (ASD). METHODS: A total of 30 participants (21 male, 9 female), aged 11.8-18.6 years and diagnosed with ID and/or ASD, completed both a swimming session and a dryland activity session. Anthropometric data, biological maturation, and heart rate (HR) responses were recorded, including the lowest (HRlow), highest (HRhigh), and mean (HRmean) values during activity. Salivary cortisol and alpha-amylase concentrations were measured before and after each session. Participants' enjoyment and preference for physical activity were assessed using the Children's Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment and Preferences for Activities of Children questionnaires. RESULTS: HR responses did not differ significantly between activities. Cortisol decreased significantly following activity (from 0.105 +/- 0.076 to 0.082 +/- 0.076 microg/dL, p = 0.012), while alpha-amylase showed a non-significant decrease (from 157 +/- 101 U/mL to 137 +/- 112 U/mL, p = 0.094). Participants reported greater enjoyment of swimming than land-based activity (4.2 +/- 1.0 vs. 2.5 +/- 1.9, p < 0.001) and expressed a stronger preference for swimming (2.9 +/- 0.4 vs. 2.4 +/- 0.7, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Both swimming and land-based activities may serve as moderate-intensity activities that support reductions in physiological and psychological stress in children and adolescents with ID and ASD. Swimming appeared to be more enjoyable and preferred, possibly due to its calming environment and potential to enhance self-efficacy. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Kyriakidou, Glykeria AU - Kyriakidou G AD - School of Physical Education and Sport Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece. FAU - Petridou, Anatoli AU - Petridou A AD - Laboratory of Evaluation of Human Biological Performance, School of Physical Education and Sport Science at Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece. FAU - Giagazoglou, Paraskevi AU - Giagazoglou P AD - School of Physical Education and Sport Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece. FAU - Mougios, Vassilis AU - Mougios V AD - Laboratory of Evaluation of Human Biological Performance, School of Physical Education and Sport Science at Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece. FAU - Tsalis, George AU - Tsalis G AD - School of Physical Education and Sport Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece. tsalisg@phed-sr.auth.gr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260529 PL - Germany TA - Eur J Appl Physiol JT - European journal of applied physiology JID - 100954790 RN - WI4X0X7BPJ (Hydrocortisone) RN - EC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-Amylases) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Child MH - Male MH - *Intellectual Disability/psychology/physiopathology/metabolism MH - Hydrocortisone/metabolism/analysis MH - Heart Rate/physiology MH - Swimming/psychology/physiology MH - *Exercise/psychology/physiology MH - Saliva/metabolism/chemistry MH - Psychometrics MH - *Autism Spectrum Disorder/psychology/physiopathology MH - alpha-Amylases/metabolism PMC - PMC13451271 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cognitive impairment OT - Heart rate OT - Maturation OT - Mental retardation OT - Salivary cortisol OT - alpha-amylase COIS- Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest. Ethical approval: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Research Committee of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (protocol code: ERC-016/2022). Informed consent: Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study. EDAT- 2026/05/29 15:41 MHDA- 2026/08/07 12:39 PMCR- 2026/05/29 CRDT- 2026/05/29 11:13 PHST- 2025/10/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/01/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/07 12:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/29 15:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/29 11:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s00421-026-06195-9 [pii] AID - 6195 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00421-026-06195-9 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Appl Physiol. 2026 Aug;126(8):4593-4605. doi: 10.1007/s00421-026-06195-9. Epub 2026 May 29. PMID- 42213041 OWN - NLM STAT- In-Process LR - 20260529 IS - 1118-4841 (Print) IS - 1118-4841 (Linking) VI - 30 IP - 9s DP - 2026 May 29 TI - Sport participation and menstrual health outcomes among adolescent girls in China: A cross-sectional study. PG - 119-127 LID - (Afr J Reprod Health 2026; 30 [9s]: 119-127). [pii] LID - 10.29063/ajrh2026/v30i9s.11 [doi] AB - Menstrual challenges such as dysmenorrhea, irregular cycles, and premenstrual symptoms are common among adolescent girls, often compromising their overall well-being. Recent studies indicate that sports participation may enhance menstrual health, though quantitative data specific to Chinese adolescents remains limited. This study aimed to examine the connection between sports involvement and menstrual health through a reproductive health lens. Utilizing a cross-sectional design, girls aged 12-18 completed structured questionnaires of 300 people assessing their sports activities, menstrual pain intensity, cycle regularity, premenstrual symptoms, perceived stress levels, and sleep quality. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and multivariate regression techniques. Results revealed that increased engagement in sports was significantly linked to lower severity of menstrual pain, improved cycle predictability, and reduced premenstrual symptoms. These associations held strong even after adjusting for factors like age, BMI, stress levels, and sleep quality. Reliability across measurement scales ranged from satisfactory to high. This research highlights the positive role of sports participation in enhancing menstrual health among Chinese adolescent girls. Promoting regular and moderate physical activity emerges as an effective strategy to boost reproductive health and overall well-being during adolescence. CI - African Journal of Reproductive Health (c) 2026. FAU - Zhao, Xuanyi AU - Zhao X AD - School of Journalism and Communication, Central China Normal University, China. FAU - Wang, Meilin AU - Wang M AD - School of Marxism, Central China Normal University, China. FAU - Ma, Yinong AU - Ma Y AD - Weifang Institute of Technology, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - Nigeria TA - Afr J Reprod Health JT - African journal of reproductive health JID - 9712263 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - China OT - Menstrual Health OT - Reproductive Health OT - Sport Participation COIS- The Authors declared no conflict of interest EDAT- 2026/05/29 15:42 MHDA- 2026/05/29 15:42 CRDT- 2026/05/29 10:43 PHST- 2026/05/29 15:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/29 15:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/29 10:43 [entrez] AID - (Afr J Reprod Health 2026; 30 [9s]: 119-127). [pii] AID - 10.29063/ajrh2026/v30i9s.11 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Afr J Reprod Health. 2026 May 29;30(9s):119-127. doi: 10.29063/ajrh2026/v30i9s.11. PMID- 42212530 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260813 IS - 1552-4604 (Electronic) IS - 0091-2700 (Print) IS - 0091-2700 (Linking) VI - 66 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Hepatic CYP1A2 Activity in Adolescents with and without Obesity Assessed by the Urinary Paraxanthine-to-Caffeine Metabolic Ratio: A Pharmacokinetic Study. PG - e70219 LID - 10.1002/jcph.70219 [doi] LID - e70219 AB - Obesity-related metabolic and hepatic alterations may influence drug metabolism via cytochrome P450 enzymes. While adult studies suggest altered CYP1A2 activity in obesity, data in pediatric populations remain limited and inconclusive. The objective was to assess the in vivo CYP1A2 phenotype in adolescents aged 11-18 years with and without obesity, and to explore sex-based differences in enzyme activity within this age group. In this open-label pharmacokinetic study, which is a part of the CYTONOX study, 65 adolescents aged 11-18 years were included, comprising 30 individuals with obesity and 35 without obesity, recruited based on feasibility. The CYP1A2 phenotype was assessed using urinary paraxanthine/caffeine metabolic ratios following caffeine exposure. Hepatic fat content was measured via magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The study received approval from the Danish Health Authorities (EudraCT: 2014-004554-34) and the Regional Ethical Committee of Zealand (SJ-455). Despite metabolic differences and increased hepatic fat in the obese group, the CYP1A2 phenotype did not differ significantly between obese and non-obese adolescents (mean log10 urinary metabolic ratio: 0.82 vs 0.80; P = .93). No sex-based differences were observed. Obesity in adolescents does not appear to significantly impact CYP1A2 phenotype assessed by urinary metabolic ratio, in contrast to selected studies in adults. These findings suggest preserved CYP1A2 function during adolescence despite metabolic and hepatic changes. Further longitudinal studies are needed to elucidate the age-related progression of hepatic enzyme activity in context of obesity. CI - (c) 2026 American College of Clinical Pharmacology. FAU - Gade, Christina AU - Gade C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0007-6158 AD - Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark. AD - Department of Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Ullah, Shahid AU - Ullah S AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Huddinge, Sweden. FAU - Dalhoff, Kim AU - Dalhoff K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5548-6381 AD - Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark. AD - Department of Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Andersen, Jon Traerup AU - Andersen JT AD - Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark. AD - Department of Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Riis, Troels AU - Riis T AD - Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Holm, Jens Christian AU - Holm JC AD - Department of Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark. AD - Children's Obesity Clinic, European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO), Department of Pediatrics, Zealand University Hospital, Holbaek, Denmark. FAU - Lausten-Thomsen, Ulrik AU - Lausten-Thomsen U AD - Department of Neonatal and Paediatric Intensive Care, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark. LA - eng GR - Medicinpuljen/ PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - J Clin Pharmacol JT - Journal of clinical pharmacology JID - 0366372 RN - EC 1.14.14.1 (Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2) RN - 3G6A5W338E (Caffeine) RN - EC 1.14.14.1 (CYP1A2 protein, human) RN - C137DTR5RG (Theophylline) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2/metabolism/genetics MH - *Caffeine/urine/pharmacokinetics MH - Adolescent MH - Male MH - Female MH - Child MH - *Liver/metabolism/enzymology MH - *Theophylline/urine/pharmacokinetics MH - *Obesity/metabolism MH - Phenotype PMC - PMC13366440 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CYP1A2 phenotype OT - adolescent obesity OT - cytochrome P450 OT - drug metabolism OT - pharmacokinetics COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/29 15:43 MHDA- 2026/05/29 15:44 PMCR- 2026/07/14 CRDT- 2026/05/29 06:33 PHST- 2026/05/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/29 15:44 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/29 15:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/29 06:33 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JCPH70219 [pii] AID - 10.1002/jcph.70219 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Clin Pharmacol. 2026 Jun;66(6):e70219. doi: 10.1002/jcph.70219. PMID- 42210428 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260806 LR - 20260813 IS - 1097-0223 (Electronic) IS - 0197-3851 (Print) IS - 0197-3851 (Linking) VI - 46 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Middle Cerebral Artery Doppler and Cerebroplacental Ratio Predict Adverse Neurological Outcomes in Fetal Growth Restriction. PG - 1423-1433 LID - 10.1002/pd.70189 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of middle cerebral artery (MCA) Doppler ultrasonography in predicting neurological and respiratory outcomes in fetuses with fetal growth restriction (FGR) and to establish a correlation between MCA Doppler and head circumference (HC). METHOD: Retrospective cohort study examining singleton pregnancies affected by FGR (2018-2019). MCA and Cerebroplacental Ratio (CPR) Doppler indices (z-scores) alongside neonatal neurological and respiratory outcomes were gathered. RESULTS: MCA (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.32-0.82) and CPR (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.10-1.68) were identified as significant predictors of neurological outcomes (p < 0.05). Gestational age and CPR exhibited comparable univariate accuracy; however, the multivariate model demonstrated superior performance, achieving an area under the curve of 80.30%. Correlation analysis indicated a significant relationship between neonatal HC and MCA PI z-score in univariate analysis, but this was not confirmed in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: MCA Doppler and CPR are effective predictors of adverse neurological outcomes in FGR, potentially aiding risk stratification in clinical practice. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Prenatal Diagnosis published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Visentin, Silvia AU - Visentin S AD - Padova Hospital and Department of Women's and Children's, School of Medicine, Padova Hospital and University, Padova, Italy. FAU - Londero, Ambrogio Pietro AU - Londero AP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6429-1220 AD - Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Infant Health, University of Genova, Genova, Italy. AD - Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy. FAU - Lo Storto, Giulia AU - Lo Storto G AD - Padova Hospital and Department of Women's and Children's, School of Medicine, Padova Hospital and University, Padova, Italy. FAU - Ragazzi, Eugenio AU - Ragazzi E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0390-6823 AD - Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy. FAU - Salvadori, Sabrina AU - Salvadori S AD - Padova Hospital and Department of Women's and Children's, School of Medicine, Padova Hospital and University, Padova, Italy. FAU - Baraldi, Eugenio AU - Baraldi E AD - Padova Hospital and Department of Women's and Children's, School of Medicine, Padova Hospital and University, Padova, Italy. FAU - Cosmi, Erich AU - Cosmi E AD - Padova Hospital and Department of Women's and Children's, School of Medicine, Padova Hospital and University, Padova, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260528 PL - England TA - Prenat Diagn JT - Prenatal diagnosis JID - 8106540 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Fetal Growth Retardation/diagnostic imaging/diagnosis/physiopathology MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *Middle Cerebral Artery/diagnostic imaging MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Umbilical Arteries/diagnostic imaging MH - Ultrasonography, Prenatal/methods MH - Adult MH - Ultrasonography, Doppler/methods MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Gestational Age MH - *Nervous System Diseases/etiology/diagnosis MH - Predictive Value of Tests PMC - PMC13446530 OTO - NOTNLM OT - cerebroplacental ratio (CPR) OT - fetal growth restriction (FGR) OT - head circumference (HC) OT - middle cerebral artery (MCA) Doppler OT - neurological outcomes OT - prenatal care COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/29 15:43 MHDA- 2026/08/06 18:35 PMCR- 2026/08/06 CRDT- 2026/05/29 00:09 PHST- 2026/05/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/06 18:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/29 15:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/29 00:09 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PD70189 [pii] AID - 10.1002/pd.70189 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Prenat Diagn. 2026 Aug;46(9):1423-1433. doi: 10.1002/pd.70189. Epub 2026 May 28. PMID- 42210386 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260724 LR - 20260813 IS - 2050-7283 (Electronic) IS - 2050-7283 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 28 TI - Associations of daily sedentary time with mental health and sleep quality in adolescents: analyses of interaction and moderation effects. LID - 10.1186/s40359-026-04877-9 [doi] LID - 1102 AB - BACKGROUND: Prolonged sedentary time and poor mental health are both associated with poorer sleep quality in adolescents, but how they interact to influence sleep quality is unclear. This study examined the interaction between daily sedentary time and mental health on adolescents' sleep quality and assessed the moderating role of mental health. METHODS: This cross-sectional study recruited 10,623 adolescents from 13 schools in Shiyan City, China, from October 2023 to January 2024. Data on demographics (age, sex), daily sedentary time, sleep quality, mental health, and other related factors (e.g., father's smoking status, mode of commuting to school) were collected via self-report questionnaires. Blood pressure was measured using standard protocols. Mental health was assessed with the validated Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, and sleep quality was assessed with the validated Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the associations of daily sedentary time and mental health with sleep quality, as well as the additive and multiplicative interactions between daily sedentary time and mental health on sleep quality. Subsequently, the moderation of the daily sedentary time-sleep quality relationship by mental health was assessed. RESULTS: The prevalence of poor sleep quality was 40.14%. Adolescents with >/= 10 h of daily sedentary time had a higher risk of poor sleep quality (OR = 1.308, 95% CI: 1.169-1.465) than those with < 10 h. Those with poor mental health had a significantly elevated risk (OR = 7.434, 95% CI: 6.535-8.456) compared to those with good mental health. A multiplicative interaction was observed between daily sedentary time and mental health on adolescents' sleep quality (p < 0.05, OR = 0.791, 95% CI: 0.651-0.961), but no additive interaction (RERI = - 0.052, 95% CI: -4.033-3.930; AP = - 0.007, 95% CI : -0.526 - 0.512; S = 0.992, 95% CI : 0.549-1.794). Mental health levels moderated the relationship between daily sedentary time and sleep quality. CONCLUSIONS: Daily sedentary time and mental health were independently associated with sleep quality, and mental health moderated this relationship. These findings suggest that strategies targeting both factors may hold potential for improving adolescent sleep. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Xiang, Weiwei AU - Xiang W AD - School of Public Health, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, 442000, China. AD - Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital (Hubei Clinical Research Center of Hypertension), Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, 442000, China. FAU - Zheng, Lijuan AU - Zheng L AD - School of Public Health, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, 442000, China. AD - Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital (Hubei Clinical Research Center of Hypertension), Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, 442000, China. FAU - Zhou, Chenghao AU - Zhou C AD - Department of dermatology, TaiHe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, 442000, China. FAU - Liu, Xiang AU - Liu X AD - Health Management Center, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, 442000, China. FAU - Dai, Li AU - Dai L AD - Dongfeng Stomatological Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, 442000, China. FAU - Min, Xinwen AU - Min X AD - Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital (Hubei Clinical Research Center of Hypertension), Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, 442000, China. FAU - Yang, Handong AU - Yang H AD - Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital (Hubei Clinical Research Center of Hypertension), Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, 442000, China. FAU - Chen, Jun AU - Chen J AD - Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital (Hubei Clinical Research Center of Hypertension), Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, 442000, China. FAU - Chen, Jishun AU - Chen J AD - Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital (Hubei Clinical Research Center of Hypertension), Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, 442000, China. FAU - Li, Dongfeng AU - Li D AD - Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital (Hubei Clinical Research Center of Hypertension), Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, 442000, China. FAU - Xu, Hao AU - Xu H AD - Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital (Hubei Clinical Research Center of Hypertension), Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, 442000, China. 18372660141@139.com. FAU - Wu, Wenwen AU - Wu W AD - School of Public Health, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, 442000, China. wuwenwen108@126.com. AD - Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital (Hubei Clinical Research Center of Hypertension), Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, 442000, China. wuwenwen108@126.com. AD - Center of Health Administration and Development Studies, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, 442000, China. wuwenwen108@126.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260528 PL - England TA - BMC Psychol JT - BMC psychology JID - 101627676 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Sedentary Behavior MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - China/epidemiology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Mental Health/statistics & numerical data MH - *Sleep Quality MH - Male PMC - PMC13397720 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Blood pressure OT - Chinese adolescents OT - Daily sedentary time OT - Mental health OT - Sleep quality COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Humanities Research Ethics Committee of the Hubei University of Medicine (Approval No. 2023-RE-027). Permission to conduct the survey was obtained from each school administration. In addition, written informed consent was obtained from all participating students and their legal guardians prior to data collection. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/29 15:45 MHDA- 2026/07/24 06:35 PMCR- 2026/05/28 CRDT- 2026/05/29 00:07 PHST- 2025/10/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/24 06:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/29 15:45 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/29 00:07 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s40359-026-04877-9 [pii] AID - 4877 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s40359-026-04877-9 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Psychol. 2026 May 28;14(1):1102. doi: 10.1186/s40359-026-04877-9. PMID- 42210272 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260805 LR - 20260910 IS - 1741-7015 (Electronic) IS - 1741-7015 (Linking) VI - 24 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 28 TI - Machine learning and natural language processing for the identification of potential mental disorders among school-age children: a prospective birth cohort study. LID - 10.1186/s12916-026-04927-4 [doi] LID - 413 AB - BACKGROUND: Early identification of childhood mental health disorders is a critical public health objective. Existing screening approaches, largely dependent on observer reports, are resource-intensive and may overlook subtle internalized symptoms. The analysis of children's linguistic expression presents a scalable and potentially more objective alternative. This study evaluates whether combining natural language processing (NLP) of children's essays with conventional risk factors improves the detection of mental health difficulties in school-age populations, relative to models based on a single data source. METHODS: We conducted a prospective analysis using data from the UK-based National Child Development Study (NCDS), a national birth cohort initiated in 1958. Data from birth, age 7, and age 11 assessments were analyzed. The final sample included 8,981 children (4,428 [49.3%] female) who completed a creative writing essay at age 11 describing their imagined life at age 25. Predictors comprised traditional risk factors (perinatal, socioeconomic, and parental engagement variables) and linguistic features computationally extracted from the essays. The primary outcome was potential mental health disorder at age 11, defined as scoring above the 95th or 90th percentile on the teacher-completed Bristol Social Adjustment Guide (BSAG). The mother-completed Rutter A Scale was used for sensitivity analysis. Machine learning models incorporating various predictor combinations were developed, and their predictive performance was evaluated using area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) values. RESULTS: Using BSAG 95th percentile threshold, models combining top five selected variables with essay features achieved significantly higher predictive capability (AUROC:0.77, 95%CI:0.71-0.83) compared to models using all variables (AUROC:0.70, 95%CI:0.63-0.76) or essay features alone (AUROC:0.67, 95%CI:0.60-0.74). At 90th percentile threshold, this integrated approach showed similar improvement (AUROC:0.81, 95%CI:0.78-0.85). Key predictors included gestational length, maternal parity, parental age, residential characteristics, parental engagement metrics, and children's body mass index. Sensitivity analyses using Rutter A Scale confirmed these findings. CONCLUSIONS: In this prospective birth cohort study, integrating NLP analysis of children's essays with a small set of key risk factors substantially improved the identification of potential mental health disorders. This integrated approach represents a potential paradigm for developing scalable, objective screening tools, but requires validation in contemporary, diverse pediatric populations before clinical consideration. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Chen, Shanquan AU - Chen S AD - School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. shanquan.chen@hku.hk. FAU - Dang, Ting AU - Dang T AD - School of Computing and Information Systems, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia. FAU - Qian, Mengjie AU - Qian M AD - Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1PZ, UK. FAU - Liang, Huizhi AU - Liang H AD - School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. FAU - Bedada, Diribsa Tsegaye AU - Bedada DT AD - Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, 7505, South Africa. AD - Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada. FAU - Louw, Quinette Abegail AU - Louw QA AD - Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, 7505, South Africa. FAU - Moore, Anna AU - Moore A AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SZ, UK. FAU - Cardinal, Rudolf N AU - Cardinal RN AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SZ, UK. AD - Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, CB21 5EF, UK. FAU - Ford, Tamsin J AU - Ford TJ AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SZ, UK. AD - Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, CB21 5EF, UK. FAU - Jiang, Fan AU - Jiang F AD - School of public health, Shandong ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China, 250012. Jiang.fan@sdu.edu.cn. LA - eng GR - NIHR203312/NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre/ GR - 72204143/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - ZR2022QG081/Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China/ GR - MR/Z504816/1/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260528 PL - England TA - BMC Med JT - BMC medicine JID - 101190723 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Natural Language Processing MH - Female MH - *Machine Learning MH - Prospective Studies MH - Child MH - *Mental Disorders/diagnosis MH - Birth Cohort MH - Male MH - United Kingdom MH - Risk Factors MH - Predictive Learning Models PMC - PMC13439860 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Children OT - Machine learning OT - Mental health screening OT - Natural language processing COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study uses data from the National Child Development Study (NCDS), a nationally representative longitudinal cohort initiated in 1958. Informed consent was obtained for all data collections, with parental consent provided for assessments conducted during childhood, including the age-11 survey and essay-writing task. Formal ethical approval for NCDS follow-ups has been obtained from the UK NHS Multi-Centre Research Ethics Committee (MREC) for all surveys conducted since 2000. Earlier waves, including those in 1958, 1965, 1969, 1974, 1981, and 1991, were conducted prior to the establishment of formal ethics committees or the MREC system. Available documentation indicates that internal ethical review processes were in place for these early waves. For example, the Biomedical Survey and age-55 follow-up were approved by the NHS London-Central Research Ethics Committee (REC) in 2012 (Ref: 12/LO/2010). The current study is a secondary analysis of de-identified public data accessed via the UK Data Service (Study No. 5790). As such, it is exempt from further institutional ethical review, as it does not involve human participants or identifiable private information. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: RNC consults for Campden Instruments Ltd; receives royalties from Cambridge University Press, Cambridge Enterprise, and Routledge; and is an unpaid non-executive director of Cambridge University Health Partners. TJF's research group receives funding for methodology consulting from Place2Be, a third sector organisation that provides mental health training and interventions to UK schools. SC and other authors declare no conflict of interest with this work. EDAT- 2026/05/29 15:44 MHDA- 2026/08/05 06:42 PMCR- 2026/05/28 CRDT- 2026/05/29 00:02 PHST- 2025/11/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/05 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/29 15:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/29 00:02 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12916-026-04927-4 [pii] AID - 4927 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12916-026-04927-4 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Med. 2026 May 28;24(1):413. doi: 10.1186/s12916-026-04927-4. PMID- 42210252 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260805 LR - 20260813 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 28 TI - Parents' physical literacy is associated with children's physical activity through parental support. LID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27914-z [doi] LID - 2277 AB - BACKGROUND: Physical activity provides multifaceted physical and mental health benefits for children; however, many children do not achieve the recommended levels. As children spend much of their time with their families, parental support is a key facilitator of physical activity engagement. Physical literacy is related to an individual's physical activity, which may, in turn, affect parental support and, consequently, children's activity levels. Nonetheless, knowledge of how parents' physical literacy relates to parental support and children's activities remains scarce. We aimed to examine the associations between parents' physical literacy, parental support, and children's physical activity. We hypothesized that parents' physical literacy is positively associated with their children's physical activity, directly and indirectly, through supportive behavior. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed data from 2,000 parents (mean age, 40.2 +/- 5.4 years) of children aged 4-9 years from the follow-up survey of the Japan Sports Agency Project for Promoting Physical Activity Habits from Early Childhood. Parents' physical literacy was assessed using the Physical Literacy for Life self-assessment tool, parental support was assessed using five validated items, and children's physical activity was assessed using two parent-reported questions. Structural equation modeling with bootstrapping and bias-corrected confidence intervals (5,000 samples) was used to examine the direct and indirect associations among these variables. RESULTS: Structural equation modeling demonstrated an acceptable model fit (comparative fit index = 0.980, goodness-of-fit index = 0.981, adjusted goodness-of-fit index = 0.968, root mean square error of approximation = 0.047). Parents' physical literacy was positively associated with both parental support (beta = 0.28, p < 0.01) and children's physical activity (beta = 0.09, p < 0.01). Parental support was also associated with children's physical activity (beta = 0.60, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Parents' physical literacy was positively associated with parental support and children's physical activity, suggesting a mediating role of parental support in this relationship. Enhancing parents' physical literacy may encourage supportive behaviors that contribute to children's physical activity through family-based approaches. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Matsunaga, Misaki AU - Matsunaga M AD - Juntendo Administration for Sports, Health and Medical Sciences, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Matsui, Masahiro AU - Matsui M AD - Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan. AD - Department of Child Psychiatry, Yokohama City University Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan. FAU - Toyama, Kenta AU - Toyama K AD - Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan. FAU - Someya, Yuki AU - Someya Y AD - Juntendo Administration for Sports, Health and Medical Sciences, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan. AD - Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan. AD - Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan. FAU - Kawata, Yujiro AU - Kawata Y AD - Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan. AD - Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan. AD - Institute of Health and Sports Science & Medicine, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan. FAU - Kito, Tomonori AU - Kito T AD - Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan. AD - Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan. FAU - Nakamura, Emi AU - Nakamura E AD - Juntendo Administration for Sports, Health and Medical Sciences, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan. AD - Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan. AD - Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Shoji, Hiromichi AU - Shoji H AD - Juntendo Administration for Sports, Health and Medical Sciences, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Suzuki, Koya AU - Suzuki K AD - Juntendo Administration for Sports, Health and Medical Sciences, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan. ko-suzuki@juntendo.ac.jp. AD - Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan. ko-suzuki@juntendo.ac.jp. AD - Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan. ko-suzuki@juntendo.ac.jp. AD - Institute of Health and Sports Science & Medicine, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan. ko-suzuki@juntendo.ac.jp. LA - eng GR - JP25K24347/Japan Society for the Promotion of Science/ GR - JP25K14727/Japan Society for the Promotion of Science/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260528 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Parents/psychology MH - Female MH - Child, Preschool MH - Male MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - *Parent-Child Relations MH - Family Support MH - *Health Literacy/statistics & numerical data MH - Adult MH - Japan PMC - PMC13439896 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Parental Support OT - Parent-Child Relationship OT - Physical Activity Promotion OT - Physical Literacy OT - Structural Equation Modeling COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study was a secondary analysis of data collected from the Japan Sports Agency Project for Promoting Physical Activity Habits from Early Childhood. All participants provided informed consent for the use of their data at the time of the original survey. The secondary analysis of the dataset was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Juntendo University School of Health and Sports Science and Graduate School of Health and Sports Science (approval no. 2024-69) with permission from the Japan Sports Agency. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/29 15:46 MHDA- 2026/08/05 06:41 PMCR- 2026/05/28 CRDT- 2026/05/29 00:01 PHST- 2026/01/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/05 06:41 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/29 15:46 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/29 00:01 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27914-z [pii] AID - 27914 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27914-z [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2026 May 28;26(1):2277. doi: 10.1186/s12889-026-27914-z. PMID- 42208609 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260925 LR - 20260925 IS - 1543-5474 (Electronic) IS - 1543-3080 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct 1 TI - Parents' Interpretation of Physical Activity Recommendations for Preschool Children: A Qualitative Study of Everyday Family Practices and Contextual Influences. PG - 1417-1423 LID - 10.1123/jpah.2026-0112 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Early childhood physical activity is a core component of 24-hour movement behaviors and plays a critical role in children's health and development. Although global guidelines provide recommendations for preschool-aged children, less is known about how parents interpret and translate these recommendations into everyday family practices. This study aimed to explore parents' perceptions and experiences regarding physical activity recommendations for preschool children and how these are implemented within daily family contexts. METHODS: A qualitative descriptive phenomenological study was conducted with 17 parents of preschool children recruited from early childhood education settings in southern Chile. Semistructured interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using Colaizzi's method. Reporting followed the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ). Data were organized into themes and categories reflecting parental experiences and contextual influences on physical activity promotion. RESULTS: Three interrelated themes were identified: (1) meanings attributed to physical activity recommendations, (2) parental role and practices, and (3) contextual facilitators and barriers. Parents primarily conceptualized physical activity through play, coparticipation, and relational engagement rather than structured exercise. Awareness of formal recommendations was limited, with caregiving practices guided mainly by intuitive beliefs about child development. Environmental conditions, time constraints, and housing characteristics strongly influenced opportunities for movement. CONCLUSIONS: Parents do not implement physical activity recommendations as prescriptive guidelines but reinterpret them through relational and contextual practices. Physical activity promotion strategies for preschool children should emphasize family-based engagement and context-sensitive physical activity promotion approaches to enhance the relevance and feasibility of guideline implementation. FAU - Altamirano, Catalina AU - Altamirano C AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-1212-8559 AD - School of Kinesiology, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile. FAU - Lorca, Paola AU - Lorca P AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-0680-1577 AD - School of Kinesiology, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile. FAU - Barria, R Mauricio AU - Barria RM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3764-5254 AD - Instituto de Ciencias del Movimiento y la Ocupacion Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260527 PL - United States TA - J Phys Act Health JT - Journal of physical activity & health JID - 101189457 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child, Preschool MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Parents/psychology MH - Qualitative Research MH - Chile MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - Adult MH - Parent-Child Relations MH - Interviews as Topic MH - Parenting OTO - NOTNLM OT - child, preschool OT - health behavior OT - motor activity OT - parents OT - qualitative research EDAT- 2026/05/29 15:46 MHDA- 2026/09/25 17:32 CRDT- 2026/05/28 19:32 PHST- 2026/02/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/25 17:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/29 15:46 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/28 19:32 [entrez] AID - 10.1123/jpah.2026-0112 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Phys Act Health. 2026 May 27;23(10):1417-1423. doi: 10.1123/jpah.2026-0112. Print 2026 Oct 1. PMID- 42207771 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260813 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 5 DP - 2026 TI - Physical activity and depressive symptoms among Chinese university students: Grit as a mediator. PG - e0350277 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0350277 [doi] LID - e0350277 AB - BACKGROUND: While physical activity is widely recognized for its protective role against depressive symptoms, the specific psychological mechanisms that explain this relationship, particularly among Chinese university students, require further exploration. The present study seeks to clarify whether grit as a hypothesized mediator explaining how physical activity is linked to depressive symptoms severity within this population. METHODS: In this cross-sectional investigation, 3,140 Chinese university students were recruited to complete an online survey. Assessments included demographic variables, physical activity levels, grit, and depressive symptoms, each measured with validated instruments. The hypothesized mediation pathway-wherein grit serves as the mediating variable-was tested via the PROCESS macro for SPSS, with bias-corrected bootstrapping (5,000 resamples) used to assess the indirect effect. RESULTS: Analyses demonstrated a significant negative association between physical activity and depressive symptoms. Crucially, grit was found to completely mediate this association. The indirect pathway through grit was statistically significant (ab = -0.013, 95% CI [-0.016, -0.010]), whereas the direct effect of physical activity was non-significant (c' = -0.002, p > 0.05, 95% CI [-0.011, 0.007]). CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that the beneficial effect of physical activity on depressive symptoms is primarily channeled through grit. Intervention strategies aimed at improving mental well-being in this population may be more effective if they combine physical activity promotion with grit-fostering components. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Chen, Zhang. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Chen, Yizhou AU - Chen Y AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-8363-1340 AD - Department of Physical Education, Quzhou University, Quzhou, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Zhang, Jie AU - Zhang J AD - College of Physical Education, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260528 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Students/psychology MH - *Depression/psychology/epidemiology MH - Universities MH - Female MH - China/epidemiology MH - Young Adult MH - Male MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Surveys and Questionnaires PMC - PMC13218493 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/05/29 15:44 MHDA- 2026/05/29 15:45 PMCR- 2026/05/28 CRDT- 2026/05/28 13:35 PHST- 2026/01/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/29 15:45 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/29 15:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/28 13:35 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-25-61526 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0350277 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 May 28;21(5):e0350277. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0350277. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42207271 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260925 LR - 20260927 IS - 1432-198X (Electronic) IS - 0931-041X (Print) IS - 0931-041X (Linking) VI - 41 IP - 11 DP - 2026 Nov TI - Development and validation of a cuff size prediction model for pediatric blood pressure measurement outside the office. PG - 3923-3930 LID - 10.1007/s00467-026-07344-0 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Mid-arm circumference (AC) is typically measured in person to determine cuff size for ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). Our objective was to develop a model to predict cuff size using electronic health record (EHR) data to enable virtual ABPM programs. METHODS: We developed a prediction model for youth 3-21 years in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Using linear regression, we considered piecewise and polynomial effects of age, sex, height, and weight as predictors of AC. We selected the model with the lowest bootstrapped root-mean-square error (RMSE) and predicted residual error sum of squares with leave-one-out cross-validation. We validated the model in pediatric hypertension clinics at an academic medical center. RESULTS: Based on 34,517 youth in the derivation cohort (median 12 years (25th, 75th percentiles: 7, 16), 49.0% female, 16.6% obesity), the final model included age, age(2), sex, height, weight, weight(2), weight(3), and all possible interactions between age and height and between age and weight (adjusted R(2), 0.97; RMSE, 1.20). In the external validation cohort of 107 youth (median 14 years (25th, 75th percentiles: 10, 17), 35.5% female, 61.7% obesity), observed and predicted AC were highly concordant (⍴(c), 0.94) with mean bias of -0.5 cm (95% limits of agreement, -5.2; 4.1). Overall agreement for the correct cuff size was 87.5% in the derivation cohort (weighted kappa, 0.92) and 83.2% in the validation cohort (weighted kappa, 0.90). CONCLUSIONS: We found substantial agreement between observed and predicted AC using basic EHR data. This model may facilitate ABPM when in-person visits are not feasible. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to International Pediatric Nephrology Association. FAU - Nugent, James T AU - Nugent JT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9707-5102 AD - Section of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, 60 Temple Street, Suite 6C, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA. james.nugent@yale.edu. AD - Section of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. james.nugent@yale.edu. AD - Clinical and Translational Research Accelerator, Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. james.nugent@yale.edu. FAU - Cueto, Victoria AU - Cueto V AD - Section of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. FAU - Medvecky, Hugh AU - Medvecky H AD - Yale Center for Clinical Investigation, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. FAU - Harper, Morgan AU - Harper M AD - Section of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. FAU - Batti, Varshini AU - Batti V AD - Clinical and Translational Research Accelerator, Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. FAU - Greenberg, Jason H AU - Greenberg JH AD - Section of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, 60 Temple Street, Suite 6C, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA. AD - Clinical and Translational Research Accelerator, Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. FAU - Shabanova, Veronika AU - Shabanova V AD - Section of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. AD - Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA. LA - eng GR - K23 HL177261/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260528 PL - Germany TA - Pediatr Nephrol JT - Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) JID - 8708728 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - *Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory/instrumentation/methods MH - Child, Preschool MH - Male MH - *Hypertension/diagnosis MH - Young Adult MH - Nutrition Surveys MH - Arm/anatomy & histology MH - Electronic Health Records/statistics & numerical data MH - Blood Pressure MH - Prediction Algorithms MH - Reproducibility of Results PMC - PMC13488455 MID - NIHMS2183132 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring OT - Arm circumference OT - Blood pressure OT - Cuff size OT - Hypertension OT - Pediatrics COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval: The study was deemed exempt by the Yale University IRB (HIC #2000033952) because the study was conducted retrospectively from medical record review. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Disclaimer: The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the AHA or NIH. EDAT- 2026/05/28 12:34 MHDA- 2026/09/25 05:31 PMCR- 2026/08/20 CRDT- 2026/05/28 11:14 PHST- 2026/01/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/25 05:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/28 12:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/28 11:14 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s00467-026-07344-0 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00467-026-07344-0 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pediatr Nephrol. 2026 Nov;41(11):3923-3930. doi: 10.1007/s00467-026-07344-0. Epub 2026 May 28. PMID- 42207172 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260528 LR - 20260813 IS - 2190-6009 (Electronic) IS - 2190-5991 (Print) IS - 2190-5991 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 5 DP - 2025 Oct TI - Handgrip Strength Thresholds to Detect Cardiometabolic Risk in Youth: Cross-Sectional Study and Meta-Analysis. PG - e70091 LID - 10.1002/jcsm.70091 [doi] LID - e70091 AB - BACKGROUND: Muscular fitness, particularly handgrip strength, is increasingly recognized as a robust marker of cardiometabolic risk (CMR) in children and adolescents. However, evidence-based diagnostic thresholds for identifying at-risk individuals remain scarce, particularly in children. This study aimed to (1) establish sex-specific diagnostic thresholds for handgrip strength normalized to body weight to identify elevated CMR in children aged 8-11 years, and (2) synthesize existing evidence through a systematic review and meta-analysis across pediatric age groups, integrating the new data with existing evidence. METHODS: We analyzed cross-sectional data from 1124 Spanish children (49.7% girls) aged 8-11 years participating in the MOVI-2 study. Normalized handgrip strength was associated with a CMR index composed of waist circumference, triglyceride-to-HDL ratio, mean arterial pressure and fasting insulin. Diagnostic accuracy was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curves and optimized with the Youden Index. Results from the MOVI-2 study and other diagnostic accuracy studies were combined in a meta-analysis for identifying the optimal threshold for normalized handgrip strength to identify elevated CMR in youth. RESULTS: In the MOVI-2 study, thresholds were 0.38 for boys and 0.34 for girls, with area under the curve (AUC) of 0.77 (95% CI: 0.73-0.81) and 0.75 (95% CI: 0.70-0.79), respectively. The systematic review and meta-analysis followed PRISMA-DTA guidelines and included nine additional studies (n = 10 588). Meta-analytic thresholds for normalized handgrip strength were 0.30 for girls and 0.39 for boys in childhood (6-12 years), and 0.36 for girls and 0.42 for boys in adolescence (13-18 years), with the highest diagnostic accuracy observed in adolescent girls (AUC = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.77-0.83; Youden Index = 0.60). Children showed greater heterogeneity, particularly in specificity. CONCLUSIONS: Despite certain limitations, our findings provide clinically relevant, sex- and age-specific thresholds for normalized handgrip strength to identify elevated CMR in youth. These thresholds may serve as a valuable starting point for CMR screening in both boys and girls. CI - (c) 2025 The Author(s). Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Garcia-Hermoso, Antonio AU - Garcia-Hermoso A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1397-7182 AD - Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, Universidad Publica de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain. FAU - Yanez-Sepulveda, Rodrigo AU - Yanez-Sepulveda R AD - Faculty of Education and Social Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Vina del Mar, Chile. AD - School of Medicine, Universidad Espiritu Santo (UEES), Samborondon, Ecuador. FAU - Hormazabal-Aguayo, Ignacio AU - Hormazabal-Aguayo I AD - Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, Universidad Publica de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain. AD - Vicerrectoria de Investigacion y Postgrado, Universidad de La Serena, La Serena, Chile. FAU - Munoz-Pardeza, Jacinto AU - Munoz-Pardeza J AD - Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, Universidad Publica de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain. FAU - Martinez-Vizcaino, Vicente AU - Martinez-Vizcaino V AD - Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Health and Social Research Center, Cuenca, Spain. AD - Universidad Autonoma de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Talca, Chile. FAU - Hurtado-Almonacid, Juan AU - Hurtado-Almonacid J AD - eFidac Research Group, School of Physical Education, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso, Chile. FAU - Ezzatvar, Yasmin AU - Ezzatvar Y AD - Lifestyle factors with impact on Ageing and overall Health (LAH) Research Group, Department of Nursing, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. AD - Vicerrectoria de Investigacion y Postgrado, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile. LA - eng GR - PII1I09-0259-9898/Ministry of Education and Science-Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha/ GR - POII10-0208-5325/Ministry of Education and Science-Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha/ GR - FIS PI081297/Ministry of Health/ GR - RD06/0018/0038/Research Network on Preventative Activities and Health Promotion/ GR - FEDER (Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional)/ PT - Journal Article PT - Meta-Analysis PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Systematic Review PL - Germany TA - J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle JT - Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle JID - 101552883 SB - IM MH - Child MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Cardiometabolic Risk Factors MH - *Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis/epidemiology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Hand Strength/physiology MH - ROC Curve PMC - PMC12536247 OTO - NOTNLM OT - cut-off OT - grip strength OT - metabolic syndrome OT - receiver operating characteristic curves COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/28 12:33 MHDA- 2026/05/28 12:34 PMCR- 2025/10/20 CRDT- 2026/05/28 10:54 PHST- 2025/07/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/06/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/08/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/28 12:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/28 12:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/28 10:54 [entrez] PHST- 2025/10/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JCSM70091 [pii] AID - 10.1002/jcsm.70091 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2025 Oct;16(5):e70091. doi: 10.1002/jcsm.70091. PMID- 42206997 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260825 IS - 1365-3016 (Electronic) IS - 0269-5022 (Print) IS - 0269-5022 (Linking) VI - 40 IP - 4 DP - 2026 May TI - Influence of Gestational Age Measurement Technique on the Associations Between Maternal Characteristics and Birth Outcomes. PG - 465-470 LID - 10.1111/ppe.70135 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Associations of factors of interest with preterm birth and small for gestational age (SGA) may be impacted by the technique used to measure gestational age at birth. OBJECTIVE: To compare the associations of several factors with preterm birth and SGA when gestational age was measured with three different techniques. METHODS: Among participants with a live birth in the Effects of Aspirin in Gestation and Reproduction (EAGeR) trial, this study used three methods to estimate gestational age: 1) prospective fertility monitor ovulation, 2) prospective LMP, and 3) early ultrasound. The study assigned the outcomes of preterm birth and SGA by each method among participants with complete gestational age information (N = 392). The study reported unadjusted prevalence differences (PDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for preterm birth and SGA, by each method, with two commonly measured maternal characteristics: age >/= 35 years (versus < 35) and body mass index >/= 25 kg/m(2) (versus < 25), and with aspirin treatment (versus placebo). RESULTS: For all but one characteristic-outcome pair examined, unadjusted PDs were similar, within 3 percentage points, for all gestational age measurement techniques. The largest discrepancy among the PDs was in the association of age >/= 35 years with preterm birth: PD = 6% (95% CI: -6, 17) when defined by ovulation, 1% (95% CI: -10, 11) by ultrasound, and 2% (95% CI: -8, 11) by LMP. Precision of the PDs, as assessed by their confidence limit differences, did not identify a consistently more precise gestational age measurement technique. CONCLUSIONS: Even when gestational age was measured prospectively and early in pregnancy, small differences in the classification of preterm birth and SGA were found. These differences have the potential to bias the association of maternal characteristics with these outcomes. This should be considered by researchers, particularly in populations where the gestational age assignment technique is unknown. CI - (c) 2026 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA. FAU - Doss, Ginna L AU - Doss GL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5795-9763 AD - Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), North Carolina, USA. AD - Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, North Carolina, USA. FAU - Daniels, Julie L AU - Daniels JL AD - Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, North Carolina, USA. FAU - Mumford, Sunni L AU - Mumford SL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0133-3176 AD - Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Poole, Charles AU - Poole C AD - Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, North Carolina, USA. FAU - Steiner, Anne Z AU - Steiner AZ AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, North Carolina, USA. FAU - Schisterman, Enrique F AU - Schisterman EF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3757-641X AD - Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Silver, Robert M AU - Silver RM AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA. FAU - Jukic, Anne Marie Z AU - Jukic AMZ AD - Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), North Carolina, USA. LA - eng GR - HHSN26700603426/Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development/ GR - NH/NIH HHS/United States GR - Z01ES1033333/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States GR - HHSN26700603424/Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development/ GR - ZIA ES103333/ImNIH/Intramural NIH HHS/United States GR - Intramural Research Program/ GR - HHSN267200603423/Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development/ GR - University of North Carolina/ PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PL - England TA - Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol JT - Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology JID - 8709766 RN - R16CO5Y76E (Aspirin) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *Gestational Age MH - *Infant, Small for Gestational Age MH - *Premature Birth/epidemiology MH - Adult MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Aspirin/therapeutic use MH - Pregnancy Outcome MH - Maternal Age MH - Ultrasonography, Prenatal MH - Body Mass Index MH - Prospective Studies PMC - PMC13220909 MID - NIHMS2156473 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SGA OT - gestational age OT - measurement error OT - outcome misclassification OT - preterm COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/28 12:34 MHDA- 2026/05/28 12:35 PMCR- 2026/05/29 CRDT- 2026/05/28 10:03 PHST- 2026/03/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/07/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/28 12:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/28 12:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/28 10:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1111/ppe.70135 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2026 May;40(4):465-470. doi: 10.1111/ppe.70135. PMID- 42206745 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260717 IS - 1520-6300 (Electronic) IS - 1042-0533 (Linking) VI - 38 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Comparative Evaluation of Demirjian and Willems Methods for Dental Age Estimation in 7- to 12-Year-Old Children: A Cross-Sectional Study. PG - e70268 LID - 10.1002/ajhb.70268 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Dental age estimation is vital in clinical and forensic dentistry. This study compared the accuracy of the Willems and Demirjian methods in estimating dental age among children aged 7-12 years in Alborz Province, Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional analytical study, 50 panoramic radiographs from 32 girls and 18 boys aged 7-12 years were analyzed. Chronological age was calculated using birth and radiograph dates. Dental age was estimated using the Willems and Demirjian methods. Statistical analysis, including paired t-tests, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation, was conducted using SPSS version 25. RESULTS: The Willems method overestimated age by an average of 0.09 years (0.16 for boys, 0.05 for girls), while the Demirjian method overestimated by 0.44 years (0.26 for boys, 0.55 for girls). The smallest discrepancy was observed in boys aged 9-10 years (0.067 years), and the largest in girls aged 11-12 years (1.2 years). However, this finding should be interpreted with caution due to the small sample size in this age group (n = 7). CONCLUSION: Both methods showed a strong correlation with chronological age. The Willems method tended to produce estimates closer to chronological age than the Demirjian method in this sample. However, these findings should be interpreted with caution due to the relatively small sample size in several age groups. CI - (c) 2026 Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Gharavi, Matine AU - Gharavi M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2588-2383 AD - Board-Certified Pediatric Dentist, Department of Pediatric, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Afzalsoltani, Sanaz AU - Afzalsoltani S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9207-0270 AD - Department of Pediatric, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Varazghan, Zahra Salmani AU - Varazghan ZS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0025-680X AD - Private Practice, Tehran, Iran. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Am J Hum Biol JT - American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council JID - 8915029 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - *Age Determination by Teeth/methods MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - *Radiography, Panoramic MH - Iran MH - Female MH - *Tooth/diagnostic imaging/growth & development OTO - NOTNLM OT - Demirjian method OT - Willems method OT - chronological age OT - dental age estimation OT - panoramic radiograph EDAT- 2026/05/28 12:33 MHDA- 2026/05/28 12:34 CRDT- 2026/05/28 08:12 PHST- 2026/04/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/12/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/28 12:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/28 12:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/28 08:12 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/ajhb.70268 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Am J Hum Biol. 2026 Jun;38(6):e70268. doi: 10.1002/ajhb.70268. PMID- 42206075 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260528 LR - 20260813 IS - 2673-253X (Electronic) IS - 2673-253X (Linking) VI - 8 DP - 2026 TI - Feasibility testing of a home-based exercise intervention in children with cerebral palsy who are ambulant-a study protocol of the HOME-EX study. PG - 1811789 LID - 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1811789 [doi] LID - 1811789 AB - Children gain increased health and well-being by participating in physical activity. Children with cerebral palsy who are ambulatory (CP-A) are known to be less physically active than children without physical disabilities, making them an important group of children to support in becoming more physically active. Assistive technologies, such as eHealth, may support physical exercise in children with CP-A. The overall aim of this study protocol will be to describe the procedures of the HOME-EX feasibility study to develop, feasibility test, and map the conditions for future implementation of a home-based exercise intervention using an eHealth solution in children with CP-A. METHODS: The HOME-EX feasibility study will use a mixed methods approach with an adapted participatory design. The study is informed by "The behaviour change wheel" framework to support health related behavioural changes. The development and the feasibility testing will follow three phases: 1) development; 2) refinement; and 3) finalising, where the children will perform two six-week periods of home-based exercises using an eHealth solution with eight weeks of washout in-between. Ten children with CP-A and ten children without disabilities, aged 10-16 years, living in the southern regions of Sweden will be recruited. The feasibility of the eHealth solution, the home-based exercise intervention, and the exercise testing will be assessed throughout the study. Field notes, questioners, data from the eHealth solution and semi-structured interviews will be used to collect data. DISCUSSION: Findings from the HOME-EX study have the potential to increase knowledge about the development and feasibility of a home-based exercise intervention, supported by the eHealth solution, to promote exercise in children with CP-A. CLINICAL TRAILS REGISTRATION: https://clinicaltrials.gov/expert-search?term=NCT07025694, identifier NCT07025694. CI - (c) 2026 Jakobsson, Lauruschkus, Johnsson, Andersson, Hansson, Holmberg and Tornberg. FAU - Jakobsson, Trille AU - Jakobsson T AD - Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. FAU - Lauruschkus, Katarina AU - Lauruschkus K AD - Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. AD - Department of Nursing and Integrated Health, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden. FAU - Johnsson, Bjorn A AU - Johnsson BA AD - Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. AD - Itacih, Lund, Sweden. FAU - Andersson, Asa AU - Andersson A AD - Department of Environmental- and Biosciences, FIH, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden. FAU - Hansson, Ola AU - Hansson O AD - Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmo, Lund University, Malmo, Sweden. FAU - Holmberg, Robert AU - Holmberg R AD - Department of Psychology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. FAU - Tornberg, Asa B AU - Tornberg AB AD - Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT07025694 PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260512 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Digit Health JT - Frontiers in digital health JID - 101771889 PMC - PMC13202785 OTO - NOTNLM OT - cerebral palsy OT - children OT - eHealth OT - exercise intervention OT - mixed methods design OT - participatory approach COIS- Author BJ was employed by company Itacih. The remaining author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/28 06:31 MHDA- 2026/05/28 06:32 PMCR- 2026/05/12 CRDT- 2026/05/28 04:43 PHST- 2026/02/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/28 06:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/28 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/28 04:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1811789 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Digit Health. 2026 May 12;8:1811789. doi: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1811789. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42205619 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260528 LR - 20260813 IS - 2753-4294 (Electronic) IS - 2753-4294 (Linking) VI - 4 IP - 2 DP - 2026 TI - Factors associated with knowledge, attitude and practice of micronutrients among adolescents in Madhyabindu Municipality: a cross-sectional study. PG - e002189 LID - 10.1136/bmjph-2024-002189 [doi] LID - e002189 AB - INTRODUCTION: Micronutrients, which include essential vitamins and minerals required in trace amounts, play crucial roles in various physiological processes, such as immune function, cognitive development and overall health. Several previous studies in Nepal have addressed general nutrition and malnutrition trends, few have specifically explored micronutrient-related knowledge and dietary behaviours, particularly among adolescents with attention given to micronutrients in particular. Therefore, this study aims to assess the level of awareness, perceptions and dietary practices related to micronutrients among adolescents. METHODS: A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted between October and December 2022 among 755 adolescents in Madhyabindu Municipality, Nepal. The study employed multistage random sampling with a validated self-administered questionnaire distributed to participants. Statistical analyses, including chi(2) tests and logistic regression, were performed with significance set at p values <0.05 and <0.001 via the SPSS V.16.0. RESULTS: Adequate knowledge of micronutrient-rich foods was observed in 51.52% of the participants, whereas 47.94% had positive attitudes and 42.38% demonstrated good consumption practices. Higher knowledge levels were linked to higher grades (adjusted OR (AOR)=1.47, 95% CI 0.90 to 2.37), belonging to the advantageous ethnic group (AOR=2.40, 95% CI 1.14 to 3.65), maternal education (primary: AOR=1.91, 95% CI 1.06 to 3.47; secondary: AOR=3.02, 95% CI 1.44 to 6.32) and curriculum nutrition content (AOR=1.92, 95% CI 1.30 to 2.81). Good dietary practices were associated with ethnicity (AOR=3.59, 95% CI 1.89 to 6.79), family income (AOR=2.14, 95% CI 1.18 to 3.86), maternal occupation (AOR=1.73, 95% CI 1.05 to 2.86) and paternal occupation (AOR=1.71, 95% CI 1.01 to 2.90). CONCLUSION: This study highlights a significant gap between adolescents' knowledge and their actual consumption or the dietary practices related to micronutrients. There is a pressing need for targeted educational interventions, particularly those involving parents. Enhancing school curricula to include comprehensive and detailed education on micronutrients-especially folate, zinc and vitamins C and D-is crucial for improving adolescent health outcomes. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. Published by BMJ Group. FAU - Shrestha, Tripti AU - Shrestha T AD - Department of Public Health, Manmohan Memorial Institute of Health Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal. FAU - Pokhrel, Poonam AU - Pokhrel P AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-0974-7664 AD - Department of Public Health, Manmohan Memorial Institute of Health Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal. AD - Public Health Arena, Kathmandu, Nepal. AD - Central Department of International Relations and Diplomacy, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal. FAU - Thapa, Milan AU - Thapa M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-0148-4956 AD - Public Health Arena, Kathmandu, Nepal. AD - Nepal Health Frontiers, Kathmandu, Bagmati, Nepal. AD - Progress Inc, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal. FAU - Paudel, Kiran AU - Paudel K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5590-4133 AD - Nepal Health Frontiers, Kathmandu, Bagmati, Nepal. FAU - Bhusal, Sandesh AU - Bhusal S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3060-5823 AD - Nepal Health Frontiers, Kathmandu, Bagmati, Nepal. FAU - Adhikari, Tara Ballav AU - Adhikari TB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7654-5483 AD - Nepal Health Frontiers, Kathmandu, Bagmati, Nepal. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260522 PL - England TA - BMJ Public Health JT - BMJ public health JID - 9918697578906676 PMC - PMC13202188 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent OT - Cross-Sectional Studies OT - Public Health COIS- Competing interests: None declared. EDAT- 2026/05/28 06:32 MHDA- 2026/05/28 06:33 PMCR- 2026/05/22 CRDT- 2026/05/28 04:38 PHST- 2024/10/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/28 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/28 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/28 04:38 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjph-2024-002189 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjph-2024-002189 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Public Health. 2026 May 22;4(2):e002189. doi: 10.1136/bmjph-2024-002189. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42205435 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Association between multiple health behaviors and mental health in Chinese college students: a cross-sectional study. PG - 1792272 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1792272 [doi] LID - 1792272 AB - BACKGROUND: College students face significant psychological pressures, yet the cumulative effects of multiple concurrent health behaviors on their mental health remain underexplored, particularly in the Chinese context. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 521 college students from Shandong and Guangdong provinces, China. Health behaviors, including physical activity (IPAQ-C), sedentary behavior (SBQ), sleep quality (PSQI), smoking, and alcohol use, were assessed via validated self-report questionnaires. Mental health outcomes were measured using the Personal Wellbeing Index (PWI) and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21). Multiple linear regression analyses, adjusting for key demographic covariates, were employed to examine associations. RESULTS: Prolonged screen time was consistently associated with poorer mental health, showing negative correlations with personal wellbeing (beta = -0.03, P = 0.036) and positive correlations with stress (beta = 0.24, P = 0.030), depression (beta = 0.32, P = 0.005), and anxiety (beta = 0.25, P = 0.020). Alcohol consumption was negatively associated with personal wellbeing (beta = -0.16, P = 0.040). Interestingly, smoking was negatively associated with stress (beta = -1.37, P = 0.020) and depression (beta = -1.44, P = 0.016). Physical activity (MVPA) showed no statistically significant associations with stress (beta = 0.01, P = 0.750), depression (beta = 0.01, P = 0.630), or anxiety (beta = -0.001, P = 0.490) in the regression models. Furthermore, no significant gender differences were observed in the key health behaviors or mental health scores. CONCLUSION: Unhealthy behaviors, particularly high screen time and alcohol use, are significantly associated with adverse mental health outcomes among Chinese college students. The findings suggest that smoking might be used as a maladaptive coping mechanism. Public health interventions should adopt an integrated approach, simultaneously targeting these co-occurring behavioral risk factors to promote student wellbeing. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Wang, Mu, Liu, Lyu, Liang and Zhou. FAU - Wang, Qingchun AU - Wang Q AD - School of Sport and Health, Shandong Sport University, Jinan, China. FAU - Mu, Liu AU - Mu L AD - School of Graduate Education, Shandong Sport University, Jinan, China. FAU - Liu, Guifang AU - Liu G AD - School of Physical Education, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China. FAU - Lyu, Junming AU - Lyu J AD - School of Physical Education, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China. FAU - Liang, Wei AU - Liang W AD - School of Physical Education, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China. FAU - Zhou, Lin AU - Zhou L AD - School of Sport and Health, Shandong Sport University, Jinan, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260512 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Students/psychology/statistics & numerical data MH - Male MH - Female MH - China/epidemiology MH - *Health Behavior MH - *Mental Health/statistics & numerical data MH - Universities MH - Young Adult MH - Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology MH - Smoking/epidemiology MH - Stress, Psychological/epidemiology MH - Exercise/psychology MH - Sedentary Behavior MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Anxiety/epidemiology MH - Adolescent MH - Depression/epidemiology MH - Screen Time MH - Adult MH - Sleep Quality PMC - PMC13201420 OTO - NOTNLM OT - college students OT - health behaviors OT - mental health OT - screen time OT - sedentary behavior COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author WL declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision. EDAT- 2026/05/28 06:32 MHDA- 2026/05/28 06:33 PMCR- 2026/05/12 CRDT- 2026/05/28 04:36 PHST- 2026/01/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/28 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/28 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/28 04:36 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1792272 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2026 May 12;14:1792272. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1792272. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42204355 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260730 LR - 20260813 IS - 1476-5543 (Electronic) IS - 0743-8346 (Print) IS - 0743-8346 (Linking) VI - 46 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Bedside ultrasound imaging to measure muscle cross-sectional area in preterm and term infants: a feasibility study. PG - 1216-1223 LID - 10.1038/s41372-026-02730-w [doi] AB - BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Lean body mass is linked to improved outcomes, but infant muscle-specific tools are limited. Bedside ultrasound measurements of muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) may overcome these limitations. STUDY DESIGN: A prospective cohort of 60 infants at two neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) underwent serial ultrasound biceps CSA, rectus femoris CSA, and anthropometric measurements. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) assessed measurement reliability. Spline mixed models examined associations between muscle CSA and birth gestational age, growth, postmenstrual age (PMA), and nutrition. RESULTS: Intra- and inter-rater ICCs ranged from 0.92 to 0.99 and from 0.77 to 0.91. No safety events occurred. Biceps CSA correlated with birth gestational age, PMA, weight, length, head circumference, and mid-upper arm circumference (p /=50% seizure reduction at 24 months, n = 9) or non-responders (n = 8). Thalamic volumes were manually segmented on preoperative T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging by 2 blinded raters, and we used the rater-averaged values to calculate the left/right volume ratio and asymmetry index. The mean thalamic volume ratio (left/right) was significantly higher in responders than non-responders (1.00 [95% confidence interval 0.97-1.03] vs 0.96 [95% confidence interval 0.92-0.99], p = 0.027), and the asymmetry index also differed between groups (0.00 [95% confidence interval -0.015 to 0.017] vs -0.023 [95% confidence interval -0.040 to -0.006], p = 0.027). Inter-rater reliability was acceptable for absolute volumes but was lower for ratio-based asymmetry indices, suggesting that these derived metrics may be more suitable for group-level comparisons than for single-patient prediction. Epileptogenic laterality determined by electroencephalography did not predict thalamic asymmetry. Relative left thalamic volume reduction was associated with poor vagus nerve stimulation treatment response. Assessment of preoperative thalamic asymmetry on routine structural magnetic resonance imaging may represent a candidate biomarker for predicting vagus nerve stimulation efficacy, pending validation in larger cohorts. FAU - Ujihara, Masaki AU - Ujihara M AD - Department of Neurosurgery, Hokkaido University. FAU - Kawabori, Masahito AU - Kawabori M AD - Department of Neurosurgery, Hokkaido University. FAU - Nakajima, Midori AU - Nakajima M AD - Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido University. FAU - Ueda, Yuki AU - Ueda Y AD - Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido University. FAU - Horinouchi, Toru AU - Horinouchi T AD - Department of Psychiatry and Neurology, Hokkaido University. FAU - Egawa, Kiyoshi AU - Egawa K AD - Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido University. FAU - Kato, Takahiro A AU - Kato TA AD - Department of Psychiatry and Neurology, Hokkaido University. FAU - Fujimura, Miki AU - Fujimura M AD - Department of Neurosurgery, Hokkaido University. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260527 PL - Japan TA - Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) JT - Neurologia medico-chirurgica JID - 0400775 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Vagus Nerve Stimulation MH - *Drug Resistant Epilepsy/therapy/diagnostic imaging MH - *Thalamus/diagnostic imaging/pathology MH - Female MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Male MH - Magnetic Resonance Imaging MH - Treatment Outcome MH - Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Organ Size MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC13441519 OTO - NOTNLM OT - MRI OT - VNS OT - asymmetry OT - epilepsy OT - thalamus COIS- All authors have no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/28 00:29 MHDA- 2026/07/16 12:40 PMCR- 2026/05/27 CRDT- 2026/05/27 21:13 PHST- 2026/07/16 12:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/28 00:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/27 21:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.2176/jns-nmc.2025-0409 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 2026 Jul 15;66(7):490-499. doi: 10.2176/jns-nmc.2025-0409. Epub 2026 May 27. PMID- 42203160 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260813 IS - 2156-5376 (Electronic) IS - 2161-8313 (Print) IS - 2161-8313 (Linking) VI - 17 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Skinfolds Measurement Protocols and Standards: A Narrative Review. PG - 100662 LID - S2161-8313(26)00076-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.advnut.2026.100662 [doi] LID - 100662 AB - Skinfold thickness assessment is one of the most widely used anthropometric methods for estimating subcutaneous adipose tissue and overall body adiposity in clinical, epidemiological, and sports settings. Despite its long-standing application, substantial heterogeneity persists across measurement protocols and standardization systems, potentially affecting reproducibility and comparability across studies. This narrative review aims to critically synthesize the historical, conceptual, methodological, and technical development of the main skinfold measurement protocols and standards, systematically compare their characteristics, and examine their methodological and practical implications for research and clinical applications. A targeted bibliographic synthesis of classic textbooks, consensus manuals, and original peer-reviewed studies on surface anthropometry was conducted. Seventeen anatomical skinfold sites and 31 distinct technical descriptions were identified, including 22 site-selection protocols and 9 measurement standards. Five established standards were comparatively analyzed, with emphasis on anatomical landmarking, fold orientation, spatial pinching procedures, and temporal reading control. Similarities were observed in general technical principles, including right-side assessment, perpendicular caliper application, controlled reading time, and maintenance of fold elevation. However, persistent divergences were identified in anatomical definitions, fold orientation, landmark precision, spatial positioning of pinch and caliper jaws, and recommended reading time, with greater heterogeneity at trunk sites than limb sites. Although the reviewed protocols and standards were developed for broad application across age groups, this review primarily reflected their use in adolescents and adults, as skinfold assessment in infants and young children involves additional considerations related to growth dynamics and rapid changes in adipose tissue. Skinfold measurement protocols and standards are not interchangeable and reflect pluralistic, complementary international initiatives rather than a single institutional standardization process. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Cintra, Joaquim H AU - Cintra JH AD - Postgraduate Program in Translational Medicine, Department of Endocrinology, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil. Electronic address: joaquimcintra@hotmail.com. FAU - Costa-Pereira, Jarson P AU - Costa-Pereira JP AD - Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil. FAU - Ripka, Wagner L AU - Ripka WL AD - Graduation Program in Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of Technology - Parana, Curitiba, Brazil. FAU - Freire-Correia, Maria I AU - Freire-Correia MI AD - University of Fortaleza, Fortaleza, Brazil. FAU - Jesus, Filipe A AU - Jesus FA AD - Exercise and Health Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Human Performance, Faculdade Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal; Atlantica, Fabrica da Polvora de Barcarena, Instituto Universitario, Barcarena, Portugal. FAU - Silva, Analiza M AU - Silva AM AD - Exercise and Health Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Human Performance, Faculdade Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal; Department of Movement Sciences and Sports Training, School of Sport Sciences, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan. FAU - Sardinha, Luis B AU - Sardinha LB AD - Exercise and Health Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Human Performance, Faculdade Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal. FAU - Lohman, Timothy G AU - Lohman TG AD - Emeritus Faculty, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States. FAU - Heymsfield, Steven B AU - Heymsfield SB AD - Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260526 PL - United States TA - Adv Nutr JT - Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) JID - 101540874 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Skinfold Thickness MH - *Anthropometry/methods MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Adiposity PMC - PMC13276579 OTO - NOTNLM OT - anthropometry OT - body composition OT - protocols OT - reference standards OT - skinfold thickness COIS- Conflict of interest JHC is a Level 3 instructor at the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry. JPC-P has received speaking fees/honoraria from Fresenius Kabi, Danone Nutricia Brazil, and Prodiet Medical Nutrition. SBH serves on the Medical Advisory Boards of Tanita Corporation, Novo Nordisk, Abbott, Novartis, Versanis, and Medifast. EDAT- 2026/05/28 00:30 MHDA- 2026/07/17 12:41 PMCR- 2026/05/26 CRDT- 2026/05/27 19:35 PHST- 2026/03/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/17 12:41 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/28 00:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/27 19:35 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2161-8313(26)00076-1 [pii] AID - 100662 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.advnut.2026.100662 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Adv Nutr. 2026 Jul;17(7):100662. doi: 10.1016/j.advnut.2026.100662. Epub 2026 May 26. PMID- 42202864 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260625 IS - 1439-3964 (Electronic) IS - 0172-4622 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jun 25 TI - Concurrent Validity and Reliability of an On-Floor 12 m Shuttle Run Test for Young Gymnasts. LID - 10.1055/a-2884-0287 [doi] AB - Adequate endurance capacity is crucial for training quality, recovery, and long-term development of gymnasts. The shuttle run test is a valid and efficient field test for estimating aerobic capacity (i.e., maximum oxygen uptake) in children and adolescents. Adapted to the indoor restrictions of an artistic gymnastics floor, a feasible 12 m shuttle run test was examined for its validity and absolute and relative reliability. Young gymnasts (n = 69; age: 12.3+/-1.6 y; body mass index: 17.6+/-2.0 kg*m(-2); training experience: 6.6+/-2.3 y), competing at trained and highly trained levels in artistic, trampoline, and rhythmic gymnastics, initially performed a laboratory treadmill test and two further 12 m shuttle run tests on a gymnastics floor. Oxygen uptake during laboratory and on-floor testing was assessed until objective exhaustion criteria were reached. The 12 m shuttle run test demonstrated good validity for relative maximal oxygen uptake (intraclass correlation coefficient(2,1): 0.82 and 95% confidence interval: 0.72-0.88) with moderate limits of agreement (95% confidence interval: -10.7-9.2 mL*kg(-1)*min(-1)) between the treadmill and the 12 m shuttle run test. The test-retest reliability of the 12 m shuttle run test for relative maximal oxygen uptake was good (intraclass correlation coefficient(2,1): 0.79, 95% confidence interval: 0.64-0.89). The on-floor 12 m shuttle run test serves as a sufficiently valid and reliable endurance testing tool, enabling the regular assessment with a potential classification of aerobic capacity requirements. CI - Thieme. All rights reserved. FAU - Fay, Lina AU - Fay L AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-9164-8420 AD - Institute for Exercise Science and Sport Informatics, Department of Interventional Research in Exercise Science, Germany, Cologne. FAU - Rappelt, Ludwig AU - Rappelt L AD - Institute for Exercise Science and Sport Informatics, Department of Interventional Research in Exercise Science, Germany, Cologne. FAU - Held, Steffen AU - Held S AD - IST University of Applied Sciences, Sport and Management, Germany, Dusseldorf. FAU - Donath, Lars AU - Donath L AD - Institute for Exercise Science and Sport Informatics, Department of Interventional Research in Exercise Science, Germany, Cologne. LA - eng GR - 072019/23/Bundesinstitut fur Sportwissenschaft/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260625 PL - Germany TA - Int J Sports Med JT - International journal of sports medicine JID - 8008349 SB - IM COIS- The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/28 00:29 MHDA- 2026/05/28 00:29 CRDT- 2026/05/27 19:03 PHST- 2026/05/28 00:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/28 00:29 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/27 19:03 [entrez] AID - 10.1055/a-2884-0287 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Int J Sports Med. 2026 Jun 25. doi: 10.1055/a-2884-0287. PMID- 42201474 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260531 LR - 20260813 IS - 2196-1042 (Electronic) IS - 1723-7785 (Print) IS - 1723-7785 (Linking) VI - 27 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 27 TI - Transverse skeletal proportionality in the prognostic evaluation of facemask therapy for skeletal class III malocclusion: a retrospective cephalometric study. LID - 10.1186/s40510-026-00623-4 [doi] LID - 21 AB - BACKGROUND: This study aimed to identify prognostic skeletal factors associated with long-term stability following early orthopedic treatment in growing patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion by integrating lateral (LAT) and posteroanterior (PA) cephalometric analyses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-four growing patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion and maxillary retrusion treated with facemask therapy were retrospectively analyzed. Cephalometric records were obtained at pretreatment (T0), posttreatment (T1), and post-growth completion (T2). Patients were classified into favorable growth (FG) and unfavorable growth (UG) groups based on occlusal and skeletal outcomes at T2. Twenty lateral and fourteen posteroanterior cephalometric variables were assessed. Principal factor analysis with Varimax rotation was performed to derive latent skeletal components, which were subsequently evaluated using multiple linear regression to identify predictors of ANB at T2. A classification decision tree was constructed using T0 variables to classify long-term growth outcomes. RESULTS: Factor analysis yielded five principal variables (PV1-PV5), of which transverse maxillary structure (PV1), maxillomandibular transverse relationship (PV2), and vertical skeletal pattern (PV3) demonstrated significant associations with ANB at T2. A classification decision tree identified the transverse differential between mandibular and maxillary width (Mn. width - Mx. width) as the strongest initial discriminator of long-term prognosis, followed by AB-mandibular plane angle and Sum. The model achieved a classification accuracy of 93.2% in distinguishing favorable and unfavorable growth outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Transverse skeletal proportionality plays a central role in determining the long-term stability of early orthopedic treatment in skeletal Class III malocclusion. Prognostic assessment may benefit from incorporating transverse, sagittal, and vertical skeletal dimensions including measurements from LAT and PA cephalograms, to improve individualized treatment planning and outcome prediction. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Park, Song E AU - Park SE AD - Department of Dentistry, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of. FAU - Kim, Mi Sun AU - Kim MS AD - Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of. AD - Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea, Republic of. FAU - Park, Hyeyeon AU - Park H AD - Department of Dentistry, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of. FAU - Ahn, Hyo Won AU - Ahn HW AD - Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of. FAU - Kim, Su-Jung AU - Kim SJ AD - Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of. FAU - Kim, Kyung-A AU - Kim KA AD - Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of. k2aortho@khu.ac.kr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260527 PL - Germany TA - Prog Orthod JT - Progress in orthodontics JID - 100936353 SB - IM MH - *Malocclusion, Angle Class III/pathology/therapy MH - *Cephalometry/methods MH - *Extraoral Traction Appliances MH - *Maxilla/growth & development/pathology MH - *Mandible/growth & development/pathology MH - Treatment Outcome MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Child MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13216365 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cephalometry OT - Class III malocclusion OT - Growth prediction OT - Maxilla growth OT - Maxillary protraction COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The research protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the participating institution. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/27 12:35 MHDA- 2026/05/27 12:36 PMCR- 2026/05/27 CRDT- 2026/05/27 11:07 PHST- 2026/01/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/27 12:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/27 12:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/27 11:07 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s40510-026-00623-4 [pii] AID - 623 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s40510-026-00623-4 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Prog Orthod. 2026 May 27;27(1):21. doi: 10.1186/s40510-026-00623-4. PMID- 42201038 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260527 LR - 20260813 IS - 2076-3271 (Electronic) IS - 2076-3271 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 2 DP - 2026 May 8 TI - Telerehabilitation and Face-to-Face Exergame Delivery Modalities to Improve Postural Control in Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Randomised Controlled Trial. LID - 10.3390/medsci14020246 [doi] LID - 246 AB - Background: Low-cost virtual reality exergames may help maintain and improve postural control in children with spastic hemiplegia cerebral palsy (CP). This study aimed to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of the same six-week, low-cost exergame programme delivered via telerehabilitation (TR) and face-to-face (FF) in CP children. Methods: In this randomised controlled trial, 15 CP patients completed 18 sessions over 6 weeks. The TR group received remotely delivered sessions, whereas the FF control group completed in-person sessions with a physiotherapist. Outcomes were assessed at baseline; weeks 2, 4, and 6; and follow-ups at weeks 8 and 10. Postural control (centre-of-pressure sway area; CoP(sway)) was measured during eyes open (EO), eyes closed (EC), voluntary mediolateral sway to a 30 bpm auditory cue (EO/EC), and during exergames targeting mediolateral (ML-WS) and anteroposterior (AP-WS) weight-shifting. Timed Up and Go (TUG) and Modified Modified Ashworth Scale (MMAS) were also assessed. Results: At week 6, both TR and FF significantly reduced CoP(sway) (TR: p = 0.001, EC; FF: p = 0.01, EO). TR also improved dynamic postural control (p < 0.05) and TUG scores (p = 0.03), with functional gains sustained until week 10. Between-group comparisons revealed that TR achieved significantly greater reductions in AP weight-shifting (SD(ML), p = 0.001; V(ML), p = 0.004) and TUG (p = 0.009) than FF, with these advantages persisting throughout follow-up as revealed by post hoc analysis. Conversely, only FF significantly reduced ankle muscle tone (MMAS, p = 0.05). TR demonstrated broader improvements in secondary CoP metrics and superior long-term retention of functional mobility gains. Conclusions: Both six-week exergame interventions led to improvements in postural control. This trial demonstrated that telerehabilitation is a viable, comparable alternative to face-to-face delivery. Long-term retention suggests both modalities are complementary, offering flexible solutions to enhance routine physiotherapy service pathways. These findings provide a basis for validating these models across larger clinical cohorts. FAU - Gatica-Rojas, Valeska AU - Gatica-Rojas V AD - Human Motor Control Laboratory, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Av. Lircay S/N, Talca 3460000, Chile. FAU - Cofre Lizama, L Eduardo AU - Cofre Lizama LE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3490-4521 AD - Department of Allied Health, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia. AD - Department of Medicine (Royal Melbourne Hospital), The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20260508 PL - Switzerland TA - Med Sci (Basel) JT - Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101629322 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Cerebral Palsy/physiopathology/rehabilitation MH - Child MH - Female MH - *Postural Balance/physiology MH - Male MH - Telerehabilitation MH - *Exergaming MH - Video Games MH - *Exercise Therapy/methods MH - Treatment Outcome PMC - PMC13214957 OTO - NOTNLM OT - balance control OT - cerebral palsy OT - children OT - exergame OT - physical therapy OT - postural control OT - telerehabilitation OT - virtual reality COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2026/05/27 12:35 MHDA- 2026/05/27 12:36 PMCR- 2026/05/08 CRDT- 2026/05/27 10:14 PHST- 2026/03/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/27 12:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/27 12:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/27 10:14 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - medsci14020246 [pii] AID - medsci-14-00246 [pii] AID - 10.3390/medsci14020246 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Med Sci (Basel). 2026 May 8;14(2):246. doi: 10.3390/medsci14020246. PMID- 42200642 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260527 LR - 20260813 IS - 1948-965X (Electronic) IS - 1682-3141 (Print) IS - 1682-3141 (Linking) VI - 34 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Jun 1 TI - Effects of Applying Gamified Exercise in Health Education Classes on Physical Activity Levels in School-Aged Children: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study. PG - e461 LID - 10.1097/jnr.0000000000000746 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Declining physical activity (PA) among schoolchildren is a global issue. Schools play a crucial role in children's PA, as they spend most of their waking hours at school. Therefore, developing an easy-to-implement school-based physical activity program is important. PURPOSE: This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of using gamified exercise in health education classes to enhance PA levels among schoolchildren. METHODS: A randomized controlled pilot design was applied. Two elementary schools were randomly assigned, respectively, to an experimental group (EG; n = 47) that received a gamified fitness program with reciprocal physical education and a control group (CG; n = 44) that received reciprocal physical education only. The gamified fitness program, developed and validated by a multidisciplinary team, was delivered during health education classes. PA levels were measured using AI-wireless wrist sensors worn during schooltime at three points, including the first week (T1), sixth week (T2), and 12th week (T3) of the program. Program feasibility was assessed using participant satisfaction and analyzed using Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE). RESULTS: PA levels at the three time points (T3-T1) were significantly different between the two groups. The results of GEE analysis revealed that daily steps (mean difference +/- SE: 4,068.4 +/- 1,144.1 steps), total PA (84.4 +/- 16.0 min), light PA (LPA; 72.6 +/- 15.3 min), and moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA; 12.1 +/- 2.9 min) increased significantly more over time in the EG than the CG. Moreover, approximately 85% of the EG identified the PA program as being satisfactory and feasible. CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: The results of the pilot trial conducted in this study demonstrate the feasibility of integrating gamified exercise into school health education classes and the potential of this program to increase physical activity levels in schoolchildren significantly. The success of the developed program is attributable to its multidisciplinary approach, engaging design, and focus on core strength and cardiorespiratory endurance. Gamified fitness in health education may be used to promote activity, support inclusive policies, and reduce disparities among school-age students. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the Taiwan Nurses Association. FAU - Hsiao, Li-Chun AU - Hsiao LC AD - Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. FAU - Wang, Chi-Jane AU - Wang CJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8204-8574 AD - Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. FAU - Yang, Ya-Ping AU - Yang YP AD - Department of Nursing, National Tainan Junior College of Nursing, Tainan, Taiwan. FAU - Lin, Jong-Ni AU - Lin JN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3414-809 AD - Department of Post-Baccalaureate Nursing, and Department of Nursing, Da-Yeh University, Changhua, Taiwan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20260601 PL - China (Republic : 1949- ) TA - J Nurs Res JT - The journal of nursing research : JNR JID - 101128757 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Pilot Projects MH - Child MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - *Health Education/methods/standards MH - *Gamification MH - Schools/organization & administration PMC - PMC13200866 OTO - NOTNLM OT - gamification OT - inclusive curriculum OT - multidisciplinary OT - physical activity OT - school-age children COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/27 12:34 MHDA- 2026/05/27 12:35 PMCR- 2026/05/25 CRDT- 2026/05/27 09:03 PHST- 2024/11/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/08/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/27 12:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/27 12:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/27 09:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 00134372-202606000-00009 [pii] AID - JNR-D-24-00451 [pii] AID - 10.1097/jnr.0000000000000746 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Nurs Res. 2026 Jun 1;34(3):e461. doi: 10.1097/jnr.0000000000000746. PMID- 42198548 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260527 LR - 20260813 IS - 2305-6304 (Electronic) IS - 2305-6304 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 5 DP - 2026 May 12 TI - Early Pregnancy Targeted Exposome: Biological Response and Maternal BMI. LID - 10.3390/toxics14050421 [doi] LID - 421 AB - Physiological and metabolic adaptations during pregnancy may increase susceptibility to harmful environmental chemicals. High maternal BMI that perturbs the metabolic, inflammatory, and hormonal milieus could modulate toxicant effects on pregnancy outcomes. First-trimester targeted urinary exposomes of 119 women (BMI >/= 25 = 55; BMI < 25 = 64) from the Michigan Mother-Infant Pair cohort were profiled to assess how BMI influences urinary exposomes and related biological responses. A validated approach measured 96 chemicals and biomarkers of oxidative stress and glucocorticoids. Women in both groups reported similar lifestyles and consumer product use. Women with high BMI had lower urinary concentrations of several chemicals than women with low BMI. Phytoestrogens, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and insect repellants showed a higher magnitude of positive associations with other markers of exposure, oxidative and glucocorticoid stress in the high-BMI group, while UV filters, flame retardants, and phthalates showed a higher magnitude of positive associations with oxidative stress markers in the low-BMI group. The patterns of associations of exposure markers with stress markers and pregnancy outcomes (gestational age and birthweight) differed by maternal BMI. This highlights the importance of incorporating maternal BMI into the evaluation of exposure burden and its effects, as a factor that may actively shape biological responses. FAU - Saadat, Nadia AU - Saadat N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8726-9245 AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, 7510 MSRB 1, 1500 W. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. FAU - Thangaraj, Soundara Viveka AU - Thangaraj SV AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4902-468X AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, 7510 MSRB 1, 1500 W. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. FAU - Chovatiya, Jasmin AU - Chovatiya J AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-9925-7795 AD - Institute for Exposomic Research, Department of Environmental Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA. FAU - Jagani, Ravikumar AU - Jagani R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7680-860X AD - Institute for Exposomic Research, Department of Environmental Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA. FAU - Andra, Syam S AU - Andra SS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2839-6417 AD - Institute for Exposomic Research, Department of Environmental Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA. FAU - Padmanabhan, Vasantha AU - Padmanabhan V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8443-7212 AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, 7510 MSRB 1, 1500 W. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. LA - eng GR - Institutional Funding from the Department of Pediatrics/University of Michigan/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260512 PL - Switzerland TA - Toxics JT - Toxics JID - 101639637 PMC - PMC13211517 OTO - NOTNLM OT - exposome OT - glucocorticoids OT - maternal BMI OT - oxidative stress OT - pregnancy COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/27 06:40 MHDA- 2026/05/27 06:41 PMCR- 2026/05/12 CRDT- 2026/05/27 01:24 PHST- 2026/04/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/27 06:41 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/27 06:40 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/27 01:24 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - toxics14050421 [pii] AID - toxics-14-00421 [pii] AID - 10.3390/toxics14050421 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Toxics. 2026 May 12;14(5):421. doi: 10.3390/toxics14050421. PMID- 42198440 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260527 LR - 20260813 IS - 1424-8247 (Print) IS - 1424-8247 (Electronic) IS - 1424-8247 (Linking) VI - 19 IP - 5 DP - 2026 May 13 TI - Dosing Strategies for High-Alert Medications in Obese Pediatric Patients: A Systematic Review. LID - 10.3390/ph19050766 [doi] LID - 766 AB - Background/Objective: Childhood obesity induces physiological changes that alter drug distribution and clearance; however, these patients are often excluded from clinical trials, creating a critical safety gap for high-alert medications (HAM). The Objective was to evaluate HAM dosing strategies and pharmacokinetic (PK) alterations in overweight and obese pediatric patients. Methods: A systematic review was conducted and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023452126). A search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane CENTRAL (1990-March 2026) identified studies reporting dosing strategies or PK of HAM in obese or overweight pediatric patients. Studies were included if they reported dosing recommendations or PK parameters. Eligible designs comprised prospective and retrospective, randomized and non-randomized, observational (cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional), case series, case reports, and narrative and systematic reviews. Study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment were conducted independently by two reviewers. Methodological quality was assessed using validated tools, and results were synthesized qualitatively. Results: Of 5801 records, 91 studies were included, providing evidence for only 27% of the evaluated HAM. Total body weight (TBW) appeared to be appropriate for insulin and vancomycin, although close monitoring was required. TBW-based dosing was associated with approximately 20% overexposure for enoxaparin, supporting the use of fat-free mass (FFM) or reduced dosing strategies. Increased clearance may justify higher doses for amlodipine and consideration of adult-equivalent dosing for metformin in adolescents. For gentamicin, FFM appeared to be the most appropriate descriptor, while adjusted body weight was used for valproic acid. In anesthetics and sedatives, reduced TBW-based dosing may be considered for propofol, whereas ideal body weight (IBW) or FFM were generally preferred for ketamine and dexmedetomidine. Analgesics such as fentanyl and morphine may require IBW- or FFM-based dosing, and maintenance dosing of paracetamol may require adjustment. Conclusions: Evidence remains limited and heterogeneous, with no standardized dosing approach. Model-informed strategies-such as population PK (PopPK) and physiologically based PK model (PBPK) approaches-may be useful for hypothesis generation and exploring PK variability; however, their clinical applicability is constrained by the limited and heterogeneous evidence base, and they should be considered exploratory. FAU - Hernandez-Gago, Yolanda AU - Hernandez-Gago Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5074-8728 AD - Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Insular Maternal and Child University Hospital Complex, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain. FAU - Minagorre, Pedro J Alcala AU - Minagorre PJA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4737-5638 AD - Department of Pediatric, Dr. Balmis University General Hospital, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain. FAU - Sanchez-Hernandez, Jose German AU - Sanchez-Hernandez JG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2985-3686 AD - Department of Hospital Pharmacy, University Hospital of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain. FAU - Marrodan, Belen Rodriguez AU - Marrodan BR AD - Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Puerta de Hierro University Hospital, 28222 Majadahonda, Spain. FAU - Hernandez Sabater, Laura AU - Hernandez Sabater L AD - Department of Pediatric, Northwest Regional Hospital, 30400 Caravaca de la Cruz, Spain. FAU - Negrin, Ana Cristina Rodriguez AU - Negrin ACR AD - Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Insular Maternal and Child University Hospital Complex, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain. FAU - Rodriguez-Suarez, Claudio-Alberto AU - Rodriguez-Suarez CA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6226-7374 AD - Research Support Department, Insular Maternal and Child University Hospital Complex, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain. AD - Nursing Department, Faculty of Healthcare Science, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain. CN - Research Group on High-Alert Medication Dosing in Obese Pediatric Patients, Spanish Society of Hospital Pharmacy (SEFH) and The Spanish Society of Hospital Pediatric Internal Medicine (SEPIH) LA - eng GR - No grant number is associated with this study/The Spanish Foundation of Hospital Pharmacy (FEFH)/ PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260513 PL - Switzerland TA - Pharmaceuticals (Basel) JT - Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101238453 PMC - PMC13209847 OTO - NOTNLM OT - body size descriptors OT - dose adjustment OT - drug safety OT - high-alert medications OT - pediatric obesity OT - pharmacokinetics OT - therapeutic drug monitoring COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/27 06:39 MHDA- 2026/05/27 06:40 PMCR- 2026/05/13 CRDT- 2026/05/27 01:24 PHST- 2026/04/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/27 06:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/27 06:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/27 01:24 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ph19050766 [pii] AID - pharmaceuticals-19-00766 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ph19050766 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2026 May 13;19(5):766. doi: 10.3390/ph19050766. PMID- 42197860 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260601 LR - 20260813 IS - 1424-8220 (Electronic) IS - 1424-8220 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 10 DP - 2026 May 12 TI - Prediction of Center-of-Mass Kinematics of Sensopro Exercises with Neural Network Models. LID - 10.3390/s26103051 [doi] LID - 3051 AB - Monitoring center-of-mass is crucial for assessing postural control, but field measurements are often impractical or cost-prohibitive. This study investigates the feasibility of predicting center-of-mass kinematics from the motion of an unstable base-the Sensopro Luna-using deep learning, eliminating the need for wearable sensors. We conducted a cross-sectional study in which 64 participants were recorded performing three coordination exercises (Single-Leg Stance, Stepping, and Waves). Marker-based motion capture and auxiliary inertial sensors were used to record reference and tape kinematics. The model inputs consisted of IMU- and motion-capture-derived tape segment orientations, IMU accelerations and angular velocities, and algorithmic estimates of the lowest tape positions. Nine axis-specific exercise models were developed using a hybrid Encoder-LSTM-Decoder architecture and compared against linear regression baselines. Our results indicate that the deep learning models successfully predicted horizontal center-of-mass displacements (DNN Mean Absolute Errors of 16.1-23.7 mm for X-axis and 4.4-31.3 mm for Y-axis) and exhibited descriptively lower errors than linear models in mean absolute error and signal morphology. However, vertical predictions were less reliable, likely due to the physical constraints inherent to the kinematics of the unstable base. Error analysis revealed that prediction accuracy was highest within common postural ranges, but decreased for extreme displacements. These findings provide a proof-of-concept for wearable-free postural monitoring, particularly for movement along the mediolateral and sagittal axes. Such a system could facilitate automated, cost-effective postural feedback and performance tracking in rehabilitation and fitness environments, supporting autonomous coordination training without the practical constraints of traditional measurement systems. FAU - Hegi, Heinz AU - Hegi H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8230-5251 AD - Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland. FAU - Single, Michael AU - Single M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4883-9484 AD - Gerontechnology and Rehabilitation Group, ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland. FAU - Nef, Tobias AU - Nef T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8069-9450 AD - Gerontechnology and Rehabilitation Group, ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland. FAU - Kredel, Ralf AU - Kredel R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6279-8132 AD - Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland. LA - eng GR - 38795.1 IP-LS/Innosuisse - Swiss Innovation Agency/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260512 PL - Switzerland TA - Sensors (Basel) JT - Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101204366 SB - IM MH - *Biomechanical Phenomena MH - Neural Networks, Computer MH - Computer Simulation MH - Deep Learning MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - Motion Capture MH - Postural Balance MH - *Exercise MH - Walking PMC - PMC13211100 OTO - NOTNLM OT - center of mass OT - coordination training OT - deep learning OT - time-series analysis COIS- This study was funded as part of an InnoSuisse project with Sensopro AG. Since Innosuisse projects have the explicit goal of promoting science-based innovations, the authors were in contact with and advised by representatives of Sensopro AG during the planning phase of the study, which specifically affected the choice of included exercises. The funders had no role in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of the data. The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose. EDAT- 2026/05/27 06:43 MHDA- 2026/05/27 06:44 PMCR- 2026/05/12 CRDT- 2026/05/27 01:22 PHST- 2026/04/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/27 06:44 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/27 06:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/27 01:22 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - s26103051 [pii] AID - sensors-26-03051 [pii] AID - 10.3390/s26103051 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sensors (Basel). 2026 May 12;26(10):3051. doi: 10.3390/s26103051. PMID- 42197082 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 10 DP - 2026 May 20 TI - Development and Construct Validation of a Food-Based Diet Quality Score Using Image-Based Food Records. LID - 10.3390/nu18101622 [doi] LID - 1622 AB - Background/Objectives: Diet quality indices (DQIs) are commonly used to evaluate the alignment of dietary intake with national dietary guidelines. However, few methods have been developed to apply DQIs to image-based dietary assessment tools. This study aimed to develop a novel food-based Diet Quality Score (DQS) and examine its construct validity in Australian adults aged 18-65 years living with a higher weight (BMI 30-45 kg/m(2)), using the validated Healthy Eating Index for Australians 2013 (HEIFA-2013) for comparison. Methods: This cross-sectional study assessed dietary intake in 260 adults (mean age 48 +/- 12 years; BMI 35.0 +/- 4.2) collected over 4 days using the mobile Food Record (mFR) and scored using the HEIFA-2013 and DQS (both scored out of 100). Descriptive statistics summarised participant characteristics with DQS and HEIFA-2013 scores. Construct validity was examined by assessing the associations between sociodemographic, health behaviour, anthropometric, and clinical blood marker variables and DQS and HEIFA-2013 scores. Multivariable binary logistic regression identified variables associated with being in the lowest diet quality tertile for both DQIs. Results: The mean scores were 47.4 +/- 8.7 for the DQS and 52.0 +/- 8.6 for HEIFA-2013. Both scores were positively associated with age (DQS: r = 0.216, p < 0.001; HEIFA-2013: r = 0.265, p < 0.001) and attention paid to the health aspects of their diet (DQS: p < 0.023; HEIFA-2013: p < 0.010). Increasing age (OR = 0.958, 95% CI: 0.932-0.985, p = 0.003) and moderate versus low physical activity (OR = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.21-0.80, p = 0.009) decreased odds of being in the lowest diet quality tertile for both DQI scores. Conclusions: The DQS demonstrated acceptable construct validity, providing a valid method for using image-based dietary assessments to evaluate diet quality in Australian populations. FAU - Hassan, Amira AU - Hassan A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7563-2457 AD - Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia. AD - Curtin Medical Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia. FAU - Dhaliwal, Satvinder S AU - Dhaliwal SS AD - Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia. AD - Office of the Provost, Singapore University of Social Sciences, 463 Clementi Road, Singapore 599494, Singapore. AD - Health & Social Sciences, Singapore Institute of Technology, 1 Punggol Coast Road, Singapore 828608, Singapore. AD - Obstetrics & Gynaecology Academic Clinical Program, Duke NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore. FAU - Pollard, Christina M AU - Pollard CM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4261-4601 AD - Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia. AD - Curtin Medical Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia. AD - Enable Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia. FAU - Begley, Andrea AU - Begley A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5448-8932 AD - Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia. AD - Curtin Medical Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia. FAU - James, Anthony P AU - James AP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0873-3714 AD - Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia. AD - Curtin Medical Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia. FAU - Roy, Rajshri AU - Roy R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7939-1790 AD - Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, Susan Wakil School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. AD - Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. FAU - Legrand, Samara AU - Legrand S AD - Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia. FAU - McCaffrey, Tracy A AU - McCaffrey TA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9699-3083 AD - Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia. FAU - Kerr, Deborah A AU - Kerr DA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1094-1299 AD - Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia. AD - Curtin Medical Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia. LA - eng GR - MRF2006647/National Health and Medical Research Council Medical Research Future Fund/ PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260520 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Middle Aged MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adult MH - *Diet Records MH - Female MH - Male MH - Australia MH - *Diet, Healthy MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Young Adult MH - *Nutrition Assessment MH - Adolescent MH - Aged MH - *Diet/standards PMC - PMC13209993 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adults OT - construct validity OT - diet quality OT - diet quality score OT - image-based dietary assessment OT - mobile food record COIS- D.A.K. holds 2 patents for the mFR as follows: C. Boushey, E.J. Delp, D.S. Ebert, K.D. Lutes, D. Kerr, "Dietary Assessment System and Method," U.S. Patent 8 605 952 B2, 10 December 2013; C. Boushey, E.J. Delp, D.S. Ebert, K.D. Lutes, D. Kerr, "Dietary Assessment System and Method," U.S. Patent 8 363 913 B2, 29 January 2013. All other authors report no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/27 06:32 MHDA- 2026/05/27 06:33 PMCR- 2026/05/20 CRDT- 2026/05/27 01:19 PHST- 2026/01/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/27 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/27 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/27 01:19 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18101622 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01622 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18101622 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 May 20;18(10):1622. doi: 10.3390/nu18101622. PMID- 42197077 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 10 DP - 2026 May 20 TI - Ultra-Processed Food Consumption Patterns and Their Association with Blood Pressure Among Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. LID - 10.3390/nu18101617 [doi] LID - 1617 AB - Background: Hypertension is being increasingly observed among young adults in urban India, alongside rapid dietary transitions and rising consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs). The current study aimed to assess the frequency and patterns of UPF consumption and examine their association with high blood pressure among urban college students. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 311 undergraduate students aged 18-24 years from three colleges in Hyderabad, India. Our study used a validated automated device to measure blood pressure. Dietary intake over the previous month was assessed using a 24-item food frequency questionnaire capturing commonly consumed UPFs. After adjusting for age, sex, and socioeconomic variables, multivariable logistic regression was performed to assess the relationships between UPF consumption categories and high blood pressure. Ninety-five percent confidence intervals (CIs) for adjusted odds ratios (AORs) were reported. Results: Overall, 12.5% of participants had high BP (>/=140/90 mmHg). The prevalence was higher among males and those aged >20 years. In the adjusted analyses, males had significantly higher odds of having high BP (AOR: 4.96; 95% CI: 1.64-15.01), as did students from higher-income households (AOR: 3.22; 95% CI: 1.07-9.66). Consumption of high-fat and/or high-salt UPFs at or above the median was independently associated with high BP (AOR: 2.85; 95% CI: 1.16-6.99). Taste, availability, and low cost were common drivers of UPF intake. Conclusions: Higher consumption of high-fat and/or high-salt ultra-processed foods was associated with higher odds of elevated blood pressure among urban young adults. These findings warrant further longitudinal investigation and may help inform the development of targeted dietary awareness and food environment interventions in college settings. FAU - Ramanujam, Karthikeyan AU - Ramanujam K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1970-8696 AD - ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad 500007, India. FAU - Mahathi, Abhigna AU - Mahathi A AD - ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad 500007, India. FAU - Pawar, Jarupula Namrathaa AU - Pawar JN AD - ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad 500007, India. FAU - Matla, Maheshwari AU - Matla M AD - ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad 500007, India. FAU - Ponnapalli, Harichandana AU - Ponnapalli H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5494-2368 AD - ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad 500007, India. FAU - Soma, Vinay Kumar AU - Soma VK AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-5925-658X AD - ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad 500007, India. FAU - Gajjala, Keerthana AU - Gajjala K AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-7852-8309 AD - ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad 500007, India. FAU - Chukkala, SuryaGoud S AU - Chukkala SS AD - ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad 500007, India. FAU - Mummadi, Mahesh Kumar AU - Mummadi MK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0412-425X AD - ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad 500007, India. FAU - Gavaravarapu, SubbaRao M AU - Gavaravarapu SM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4524-9646 AD - ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad 500007, India. FAU - Reddy, G Bhanuprakash AU - Reddy GB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4787-3944 AD - ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad 500007, India. FAU - Geddam, Jagajeevan Babu AU - Geddam JB AD - ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad 500007, India. FAU - Reddy, Samarasimha Nusi AU - Reddy SN AD - ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad 500007, India. LA - eng GR - INTR-IG/NIN/02/2023/Indian Council of Medical Research/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260520 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - *Blood Pressure MH - *Hypertension/epidemiology/etiology MH - *Fast Foods/adverse effects MH - India/epidemiology MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Prevalence MH - Students MH - Odds Ratio MH - Logistic Models MH - Adult MH - *Diet/adverse effects PMC - PMC13209713 OTO - NOTNLM OT - college students OT - hypertension OT - sodium intake OT - ultra-processed foods OT - young adults COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/27 06:40 MHDA- 2026/05/27 06:41 PMCR- 2026/05/20 CRDT- 2026/05/27 01:19 PHST- 2026/03/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/27 06:41 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/27 06:40 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/27 01:19 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18101617 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01617 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18101617 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 May 20;18(10):1617. doi: 10.3390/nu18101617. PMID- 42197074 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 10 DP - 2026 May 20 TI - Update on Vitamin D Status and Seasonal Variation in a Non-Supplemented Population Living in a High Polluted Urban Area-A Cross-Sectional Study. LID - 10.3390/nu18101614 [doi] LID - 1614 AB - Background: Serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] are associated with the risk of several chronic and acute diseases. However, updated data on vitamin D status in Mediterranean countries, including Italy, remain limited, hindering effective public health strategies. Objective: To assess serum 25(OH)D levels and their seasonal variation in healthy blood donors aged 18-65 years living in Northern Italy and not taking vitamin D supplements. Given the latitude and the high levels of environmental pollution, cutaneous vitamin D synthesis may be impaired in this population. Recent Italian guidelines on supplementation emphasize the need for updated data on the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D and seasonal variation in endogenous vitamin D synthesis. Methods: In this exploratory retrospective cross-sectional study, 534 blood donors (268 men and 266 women) attending the Transfusion Medicine Unit of the Verona University Hospital were enrolled between April 2016 and May 2018. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were analyzed by season. Clinical, lifestyle, pharmacological and dietary characteristics were also collected. Results: Among healthy, normal-weight individuals, the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency (25(OH)D < 50 nmol/L) was low and limited to one-two months per year. Overweight and obesity significantly reduced the likelihood of achieving adequate 25(OH)D levels through cutaneous synthesis for several months. Mean 25(OH)D concentrations were higher than those previously reported in the same area, while seasonal variation remained preserved. Conclusions: In a relatively small non-supplemented population of blood donors living in a high polluted urban area of Northern Italy, seasonal vitamin D synthesis seems to be preserved. These updated data show higher 25(OH)D levels compared to past findings. Although these data certainly warrant further validation through a national survey involving other regions of Italy and in not selected population, they appear to be in line with the SIOMMMS recommendations against indiscriminate serum 25(OH)D testing and against routine supplementation for healthy normal-weight individuals under 70 years. FAU - Bertoldo, Francesco AU - Bertoldo F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5175-7340 AD - Unit of Internal Medicine D, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37124 Verona, Italy. FAU - Bortolus, Renata AU - Bortolus R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3857-4133 AD - Office for Research Promotion, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata AOUI Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy. FAU - Filippini, Francesca AU - Filippini F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5884-8635 AD - Office for Research Promotion, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata AOUI Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy. FAU - Chiaffarino, Francesca AU - Chiaffarino F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6009-8108 AD - Gynaecology Unit, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy. FAU - Udali, Silvia AU - Udali S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1259-497X AD - Unit of Internal Medicine B, "Epigenomics and Gene-Nutrient Interactions" Laboratory, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37124 Verona, Italy. FAU - Rizzi, Monica AU - Rizzi M AD - Unit of Transfusion Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata AOUI Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy. FAU - Montemezzi, Rachele AU - Montemezzi R AD - Unit of Transfusion Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata AOUI Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy. FAU - Gandini, Giorgio AU - Gandini G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5574-0714 AD - Unit of Transfusion Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata AOUI Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy. FAU - Montagnana, Martina AU - Montagnana M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8999-0001 AD - Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padua, 35122 Padua, Italy. FAU - Lippi, Giuseppe AU - Lippi G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9523-9054 AD - Section of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37124 Verona, Italy. FAU - Moruzzi, Sara AU - Moruzzi S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-5016-1113 AD - Unit of Internal Medicine B, "Epigenomics and Gene-Nutrient Interactions" Laboratory, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37124 Verona, Italy. FAU - Parazzini, Fabio AU - Parazzini F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5624-4854 AD - Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Universita degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy. FAU - Martinelli, Nicola AU - Martinelli N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6465-5119 AD - Unit of Internal Medicine B, "Epigenomics and Gene-Nutrient Interactions" Laboratory, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37124 Verona, Italy. FAU - Lombini, Matteo AU - Lombini M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5813-0391 AD - Unit of Internal Medicine D, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37124 Verona, Italy. FAU - De Marchi, Sergio AU - De Marchi S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5775-9614 AD - Unit of Angiology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37124 Verona, Italy. FAU - Pizzolo, Francesca AU - Pizzolo F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4419-3994 AD - Unit of Internal Medicine B, "Epigenomics and Gene-Nutrient Interactions" Laboratory, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37124 Verona, Italy. FAU - Friso, Simonetta AU - Friso S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9606-6711 AD - Unit of Internal Medicine B, "Epigenomics and Gene-Nutrient Interactions" Laboratory, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37124 Verona, Italy. LA - eng GR - 5587/Bayer (Italy)/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260520 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 1406-16-2 (Vitamin D) RN - A288AR3C9H (25-hydroxyvitamin D) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Seasons MH - Male MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - *Vitamin D/blood/analogs & derivatives MH - Italy/epidemiology MH - *Vitamin D Deficiency/epidemiology/blood MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Aged MH - *Urban Population MH - Prevalence MH - *Nutritional Status MH - *Environmental Pollution/adverse effects MH - Blood Donors PMC - PMC13210335 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Italy OT - air pollution OT - seasonality OT - serum sample OT - vitamin D COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The authors declare that this study received funding from Bayer S.p.A. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2026/05/27 06:35 MHDA- 2026/05/27 06:36 PMCR- 2026/05/20 CRDT- 2026/05/27 01:19 PHST- 2026/03/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/27 06:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/27 06:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/27 01:19 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18101614 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01614 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18101614 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 May 20;18(10):1614. doi: 10.3390/nu18101614. PMID- 42197048 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 10 DP - 2026 May 16 TI - Eating Disorder Risk and Its Biobehavioural Correlates in Italian University Students: The UniFoodWaste Study. LID - 10.3390/nu18101588 [doi] LID - 1588 AB - Background/Objectives: To assess the prevalence of eating disorder (ED) risk in a sample of Italian university students and to examine its independent associations with mental health indicators, self-rated health, body mass index (BMI), lifestyle behaviours, and engagement with digital food-related applications. Methods: Of the 2779 Italian university students who accessed the survey, 2691 completed and were included in the analysis. ED risk was assessed with the validated 5-item SCOFF questionnaire. Exposure included socio-demographics, BMI, depressive symptoms (PHQ-9), self-rated health, adherence to the Mediterranean diet (Medi-Lite), smoking, alcohol use (AUDIT-C), and use of food delivery and food waste apps. Multivariable logistic regression models, stratified by sex, and adjusted by age and education, estimated associations with ED risk. Results: Overall, 34.6% of participants screened positive for ED risk (women 39.5%, men 21.8%). Smoking and use of food delivery apps and food waste apps were independently associated with ED risk. Clinically relevant depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 >/= 10) (aOR 3.37, 95% CI 2.82-4.02) and poor/fair self-rated health (aOR 2.45, 95% CI 1.93-3.11) showed the strongest association. Overweight (aOR 1.47, 95% CI 1.06-2.03) and obesity (aOR 2.48, 95% CI 1.53-4.01) increased the likelihood of ED risk. Risky alcohol use was also associated (aOR 1.42, 95% CI 1.15-1.75). Conclusions: More than one in three Italian university students is at risk for an ED, highlighting a substantial public health concern. Strong links with depression, perceived poor health, digital food app use, and unhealthy behaviours underscore the need for early screening and integrated mental health and nutrition interventions within university settings. FAU - Pennisi, Flavia AU - Pennisi F AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-9185-9747 AD - Faculty of Medicine, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy. AD - PhD National Program in One Health Approaches to Infectious Diseases and Life Science Research Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Pinto, Antonio AU - Pinto A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-4315-0481 AD - Faculty of Medicine, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy. FAU - Nucci, Daniele AU - Nucci D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4546-213X AD - PhD National Program in One Health Approaches to Infectious Diseases and Life Science Research Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy. AD - Struttura Semplice Dipartimentale Igiene Alimenti e Nutrizione, Dipartimento di Igiene e Prevenzione Sanitaria, Agenzia di Tutela Della Salute (ATS) Brescia, Via Duca Degli Abruzzi, 15, 25124 Brescia, Italy. FAU - Stacchini, Lorenzo AU - Stacchini L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7405-4904 AD - Department of Community Healthcare Network, Health District "Toscana ASL Nord Ovest", Pisa, Via Fleming 1, 56025 Pontedera, Italy. FAU - Garzitto, Marco AU - Garzitto M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7565-420X AD - Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Medicine (DMED), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy. FAU - Veronese, Nicola AU - Veronese N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9328-289X AD - Faculty of Medicine, Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, 00131 Rome, Italy. FAU - Maggi, Stefania AU - Maggi S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0453-8663 AD - Institute of Neuroscience, Aging Unit, National Research Council, 35127 Padova, Italy. FAU - Signorelli, Carlo AU - Signorelli C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0960-9563 AD - Faculty of Medicine, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy. FAU - Baldo, Vincenzo AU - Baldo V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6012-9453 AD - Department of Cardiac Thoracic Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy. FAU - Colizzi, Marco AU - Colizzi M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6139-1920 AD - Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Medicine (DMED), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy. AD - Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK. FAU - Gianfredi, Vincenza AU - Gianfredi V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3848-981X AD - Department of Cardiac Thoracic Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy. LA - eng GR - PSR-LINEA2-2022/University of Milan/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260516 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Italy/epidemiology MH - Male MH - *Students/psychology/statistics & numerical data MH - Universities MH - Young Adult MH - Risk Factors MH - *Feeding and Eating Disorders/epidemiology/psychology MH - Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Prevalence MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Depression/epidemiology MH - Body Mass Index MH - Life Style MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Mental Health PMC - PMC13209805 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Italy OT - digital food environment OT - eating disorders OT - lifestyle factors OT - mental health OT - university students COIS- The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships, which may be considered as potential competing interests: Marco Colizzi reports honoraria from Janssen-Cilag S.p.A. and Epitech Group S.p.A. for scientific communication and outreach activities and has served as a consultant/advisor for GW Pharma Limited, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Limited, GW Pharma Italy S.r.l., Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Italy S.r.l., and Insights Driven Research (IDR); Vincenza Gianfredi reports that financial support was provided by the University of Milan. The other authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this article. EDAT- 2026/05/27 06:38 MHDA- 2026/05/27 06:39 PMCR- 2026/05/16 CRDT- 2026/05/27 01:19 PHST- 2026/04/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/27 06:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/27 06:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/27 01:19 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18101588 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01588 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18101588 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 May 16;18(10):1588. doi: 10.3390/nu18101588. PMID- 42197036 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 10 DP - 2026 May 15 TI - Influence of Parental Lifestyle and Dietary Patterns on Mediterranean Diet Adherence in Children and Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study. LID - 10.3390/nu18101576 [doi] LID - 1576 AB - Background/Objectives: Adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) is associated with reduced risk of non-communicable diseases but has declined among children, even in traditionally high-adherence settings such as Greece. As parental lifestyle behaviors strongly influence children's dietary patterns, this study examined the associations between parental lifestyle factors and children's MD adherence in Crete, Greece. Methods: A total of 760 parent-child dyads participated in this cross-sectional study. Children's adherence to the MD was assessed using the KIDMED index. Parents completed validated instruments, including the MEDAS (MD adherence), IPAQ (physical activity), PSQI (sleep quality), and NLS (nutrition literacy), along with questions on dietary habits and screen time behaviors. ANOVA/Kruskal-Wallis tests and multivariable linear regression identified predictors of KIDMED scores. Results: Mean KIDMED score was 5.95 +/- 2.65; 32% achieved optimal adherence. Younger children showed higher adherence. Higher children's adherence to MD was positively associated with parental MD adherence (beta = 0.493), urban residence (beta = 0.544), higher parental education (beta = 0.493), consistent daily meal routines (breakfast and mid-morning and mid-afternoon snacks), higher water intake, and fresh juice consumption (all p < 0.05) were positively associated with parental MD adherence. Conversely, lower adherence was associated with parental age >/= 45 years (beta = 0.987), higher parental BMI (beta = 0.072), consumption of sugar-sweetened (beta = 0.390) or artificially sweetened beverages (beta = 0.497), and weekend screen time >/= 3 h/day (beta = 0.383) (all p < 0.05). Conclusions: Children's adherence to the MD is strongly associated with parental dietary behaviors and structured meal routines. These findings support family-focused interventions that emphasize parental dietary role modeling to counter declining MD adherence among Mediterranean youth. FAU - Peraki, Sevasti AU - Peraki S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-1516-7126 AD - Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece. FAU - Bouloukaki, Izolde AU - Bouloukaki I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5903-3550 AD - Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece. FAU - Christodoulakis, Antonios AU - Christodoulakis A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0544-851X AD - Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece. FAU - Vavoulas, Dimitrios AU - Vavoulas D AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-3077-1585 AD - Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece. FAU - Tsiligianni, Ioanna AU - Tsiligianni I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7922-7491 AD - Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece. AD - Department of Primary Care and Population Health, Medical School, University of Nicosia, 2417 Nicosia, Cyprus. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260515 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Diet, Mediterranean MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - Female MH - Child MH - Greece MH - *Life Style MH - Adolescent MH - *Parents/psychology MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Parent-Child Relations MH - *Patient Compliance MH - Child Behavior PMC - PMC13209914 OTO - NOTNLM OT - KIDMED OT - Mediterranean diet OT - adolescents OT - child obesity OT - dietary patterns OT - family environment OT - health behaviors OT - lifestyle behaviors OT - parents OT - pediatric nutrition COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/27 06:41 MHDA- 2026/05/27 06:42 PMCR- 2026/05/15 CRDT- 2026/05/27 01:19 PHST- 2026/04/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/27 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/27 06:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/27 01:19 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18101576 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01576 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18101576 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 May 15;18(10):1576. doi: 10.3390/nu18101576. PMID- 42196959 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 10 DP - 2026 May 8 TI - Emotional Influences on Eating Behavior and Hunger Awareness Among Generation Z University Students in Greece. LID - 10.3390/nu18101500 [doi] LID - 1500 AB - BACKGROUND: Emotional determinants of eating behavior are increasingly recognized as critical components of behavioral nutrition, particularly among Generation Z, a population characterized by heightened emotional reactivity and rapidly shifting dietary patterns. OBJECTIVES: This cross-sectional study examined the multidimensional structure of emotional influences on eating behavior among 411 university students in Greece and explored which emotional mechanisms are most closely associated with emotional hunger awareness. METHODS: Using the Emotional Influence on Eating Behavior Questionnaire (EIEBQ), four constructs were assessed. Exploratory Factor Analysis supported a refined four-factor structure explaining 63.23% of variance, following the removal of one low-communality item. RESULTS: Participants reported moderate emotional undereating (M = 3.17) and reduced enjoyment of food under emotional distress (M = 3.38), lower reliance on food for emotional overeating (M = 2.86), and high emotional awareness (M = 3.76). Regression analyses, although explaining a small proportion of variance (R(2) = 0.042), indicated that emotional undereating (beta = 0.155, p = 0.017) and emotional overeating (beta = 0.135, p = 0.027) were the most consistent predictors of emotional hunger awareness. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that emotional responses-rather than cognitive appraisal-may play a meaningful role in distinguishing emotional from physical hunger. By providing an initial psychometric evaluation and a behavior-focused framework, this study offers preliminary insights into emotional eating mechanisms among Generation Z university students and contributes to the development of targeted interventions promoting healthier and more sustainable dietary behaviors. FAU - Koliou, Maria P AU - Koliou MP AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-1751-5629 AD - Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece. FAU - Karaiskou, Chrysoula AU - Karaiskou C AD - Sidroco Holdings Ltd., Nicosia 1082, Cyprus. FAU - Eleftheriadis, Charalampos AU - Eleftheriadis C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0726-4127 AD - Sidroco Holdings Ltd., Nicosia 1082, Cyprus. FAU - Kontogeorgos, Achilleas AU - Kontogeorgos A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4186-0379 AD - Department of Agriculture, International University of Greece, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece. FAU - Skalkos, Dimitris AU - Skalkos D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7771-2845 AD - Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260508 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Greece MH - Female MH - *Students/psychology MH - *Hunger MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - Universities MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - *Emotions MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Emotional Eating MH - Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Awareness MH - Hyperphagia/psychology PMC - PMC13209663 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Generation Z OT - behavioral nutrition OT - eating behavior OT - emotional awareness OT - emotional eating OT - emotional hunger OT - emotional regulation OT - food enjoyment OT - overeating OT - undereating COIS- C.K. and C.E. were employed by Sidroco Holdings Ltd. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/27 06:34 MHDA- 2026/05/27 06:35 PMCR- 2026/05/08 CRDT- 2026/05/27 01:19 PHST- 2026/04/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/27 06:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/27 06:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/27 01:19 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18101500 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01500 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18101500 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 May 8;18(10):1500. doi: 10.3390/nu18101500. PMID- 42195133 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260813 IS - 1648-9144 (Electronic) IS - 1010-660X (Print) IS - 1010-660X (Linking) VI - 62 IP - 5 DP - 2026 May 4 TI - Sleep Quality and Associated Lifestyle Factors Among Medical Students Before and After the COVID-19 Era-A Comparative Study from Romania. LID - 10.3390/medicina62050880 [doi] LID - 880 AB - Background and Objectives: Sleep is a vital psychological function for health and well-being in all age groups, from children to adolescents, to adults and the elderly, and impacts quality of life. This study evaluated temporal changes in sleep quality and lifestyle behaviors among medical students in North-Western Romania (Transylvania) between the COVID-19 pandemic and the post-pandemic period. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional design was employed involving 709 medical students assessed during the first pandemic wave (2020) and the 2023-2024 academic year. Online questionnaires collected data on demographics, body mass index (BMI), substance use, and physical activity. Sleep quality was measured using the validated Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), and multiple linear regression was performed to identify predictors of sleep outcomes. Results: Post-pandemic data revealed a significant decline in sleep quality, with female gender and lower academic performance identified as significant predictors of insomnia symptoms (R(2) of 0.258, p < 0.05). While physical activity levels improved significantly in 2024 compared to the confinement period, this was accompanied by increased fast-food consumption and a rise in overweight and obesity rates. Conversely, illicit drug use decreased, and alcohol consumption patterns shifted, characterized by reduced weekly frequency among females but persistent binge drinking episodes. Conclusions: The transition to post-pandemic education yielded mixed health outcomes; while physical activity rebounded, sleep quality and nutritional status deteriorated. These findings highlight the necessity for university-based interventions focusing on sleep hygiene, nutrition, and stress management to support the well-being of medical students. FAU - Nasui, Bogdana Adriana AU - Nasui BA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5682-0225 AD - Department of Community Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania. AD - Research Center in Preventive Medicine, Health Promotion and Sustainable Development, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania. FAU - Gorgan, Lorena AU - Gorgan L AD - Department of Community Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania. FAU - Popescu, Codruta Alina AU - Popescu CA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3691-8871 AD - Department of Human Sciences, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania. FAU - Ciuciuc, Nina AU - Ciuciuc N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5504-7031 AD - Department of Community Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania. AD - Research Center in Preventive Medicine, Health Promotion and Sustainable Development, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania. FAU - Rosioara, Alexandra-Ioana AU - Rosioara AI AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8914-8137 AD - Department of Community Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania. AD - Research Center in Preventive Medicine, Health Promotion and Sustainable Development, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania. FAU - Sirbu, Dana Manuela AU - Sirbu DM AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-0514-5829 AD - Department of Community Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania. AD - Research Center in Preventive Medicine, Health Promotion and Sustainable Development, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania. FAU - Popa, Monica AU - Popa M AD - Department of Community Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania. AD - Research Center in Preventive Medicine, Health Promotion and Sustainable Development, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania. FAU - Curseu, Daniela AU - Curseu D AD - Department of Community Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania. AD - Research Center in Preventive Medicine, Health Promotion and Sustainable Development, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania. FAU - Borda, Ileana Monica AU - Borda IM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6337-8831 AD - Department of Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babes Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania. FAU - Ungur, Rodica Ana AU - Ungur RA AD - Department of Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babes Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260504 PL - Switzerland TA - Medicina (Kaunas) JT - Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) JID - 9425208 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Romania/epidemiology MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Sleep Quality MH - *Students, Medical/psychology/statistics & numerical data MH - *Life Style MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/psychology MH - Adult MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Young Adult MH - Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/epidemiology MH - Exercise MH - Quality of Life MH - SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC13209030 OTO - NOTNLM OT - alcohol consumption OT - diet OT - illicit drugs OT - lifestyle choices OT - nutritional status OT - physical activity OT - risky behaviors OT - sleep quality OT - students OT - wellbeing COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/27 06:33 MHDA- 2026/05/27 06:34 PMCR- 2026/05/04 CRDT- 2026/05/27 01:12 PHST- 2026/03/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/27 06:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/27 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/27 01:12 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - medicina62050880 [pii] AID - medicina-62-00880 [pii] AID - 10.3390/medicina62050880 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Medicina (Kaunas). 2026 May 4;62(5):880. doi: 10.3390/medicina62050880. PMID- 42194890 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260527 LR - 20260813 IS - 2077-0383 (Print) IS - 2077-0383 (Electronic) IS - 2077-0383 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 10 DP - 2026 May 20 TI - Interferon-gamma and Interleukin-10 Profiles Correlate with Disease Severity in Sudanese Children with Plasmodium falciparum Malaria. LID - 10.3390/jcm15103929 [doi] LID - 3929 AB - Background/Objectives: Severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria remains a leading cause of childhood morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. The clinical outcome is largely driven by the balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. However, immunological data from Sudanese children remain limited and the diagnostic utility of cytokine biomarkers has not been formally evaluated in this population. Therefore, this study aims to compare plasma levels of IFN-gamma and IL-10 among Sudanese children with severe malaria (SM), uncomplicated malaria (UM) and healthy controls (HC) and to evaluate their diagnostic accuracy using in differentiating SM from UM cases. Methods: A hospital-based case-control study was conducted at Mohamed Elamin Hamid Pediatric Hospital, Omdurman, Sudan. The study enrolled 105 children (aged 3 months to 16 years) divided into three age- and sex-matched groups (n = 35 per group): SM, UM and HC. Plasma cytokines IFN-gamma and IL-10 were measured by ELISA. Results: The anthropometric measurements did not differ significantly across the groups. SM was significantly associated with lower hemoglobin and markedly reduced platelet counts. Both IFN-gamma and IL-10 were significantly elevated in SM versus UM and HC (p < 0.001). A strong positive correlation was observed between IFN-gamma and IL-10 (rho = 0.688, p < 0.001) in malaria patients. Additionally, a significant correlation was observed between IL-10 and platelet count (rho = -0.338, p = 0.009). Both IL-10 (AUC = 0.0.720) and IFN-gamma (AUC = 0.687) demonstrated moderate diagnostic performance in discriminating between SM vs. UM. Conclusions: Elevated levels of IFN-gamma and IL-10 strongly associated with severe P. falciparum malaria in Sudanese children. Measuring IL-10 and IFN-gamma at the time of presentation may differentiate between SM and UM cases. Further studies are needed. FAU - Hajali, Tassneem Awad AU - Hajali TA AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-4159-9572 AD - Department of Clinical Science, College of Medicine, Sulaiman AlRajhi University, AlBukayriah 51941, Qassim, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Mekki, Muna Ismail Elmisbah AU - Mekki MIE AD - Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Sudan University for Science and Technology, Khartoum 11111, Sudan. FAU - Alaagib, Nouralsalhin A AU - Alaagib NA AD - Department of Basic Science, College of Medicine, Sulaiman AlRajhi University, AlBukayriyah 51941, Qassim, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Omer, Islamia Ibrahim Ahmed AU - Omer IIA AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-0806-1628 AD - Department of Clinical Science, College of Medicine, Sulaiman AlRajhi University, AlBukayriah 51941, Qassim, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Yahia, Rabab Mahadi AU - Yahia RM AD - Department of Pediatrics, Maternity and Children Hospital, Buraidah 52384, Qassim, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Hamdan, Hamdan Z AU - Hamdan HZ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9269-8239 AD - Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Qassim, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng GR - (QU-APC-2026)/Qassim University/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260520 PL - Switzerland TA - J Clin Med JT - Journal of clinical medicine JID - 101606588 PMC - PMC13207029 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Plasmodium falciparum OT - Sudanese children OT - biomarkers OT - cytokines OT - interferon-gamma OT - interleukin 10 OT - severe malaria COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/27 06:36 MHDA- 2026/05/27 06:37 PMCR- 2026/05/20 CRDT- 2026/05/27 01:11 PHST- 2026/04/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/27 06:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/27 06:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/27 01:11 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jcm15103929 [pii] AID - jcm-15-03929 [pii] AID - 10.3390/jcm15103929 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Clin Med. 2026 May 20;15(10):3929. doi: 10.3390/jcm15103929. PMID- 42194591 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260527 LR - 20260813 IS - 2077-0383 (Print) IS - 2077-0383 (Electronic) IS - 2077-0383 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 10 DP - 2026 May 9 TI - Growth Patterns and Factors Associated with Short Stature in Saudi Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study. LID - 10.3390/jcm15103629 [doi] LID - 3629 AB - Background: The impact of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) on linear growth in children remains unclear, with conflicting evidence regarding the roles of glycemic control, disease duration, and nutritional factors. This study aimed to assess growth patterns and identify factors independently associated with short stature among Saudi school-age children and adolescents with T1DM, comparing them to a healthy control group. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at an endocrinology clinic, including 250 patients with T1DM aged 5-18 years and 267 healthy controls. After propensity score matching, 231 patients were matched to 231 controls. Data were extracted from electronic medical records using a standardized form. Anthropometric measurements were converted to Z-scores and percentiles using validated Saudi growth charts. Short stature was defined as height below the third percentile for age and gender. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with short stature among T1DM participants. Results: The median age of the 250 T1DM participants was 13.0 [10.0-15.0] years, with a slight male predominance (58.0%). Of them, 6 (2.4%) children were tall, 30 (12.0% were short), and 214 (85.6%) were normal. A significantly higher proportion of short stature was observed in the T1DM group compared with the control group (6.1% vs. 1.7%; p = 0.016). Among T1DM participants, the proportion of short stature increased progressively with diabetes duration: 3.0% in new-onset disease, 14.9% in intermediate duration (2-5 years), and 25.0% in long-standing disease (>5 years) (p = 0.001). Age at onset of T1DM was also significantly associated with having short stature (p = 0.036). In multivariable analysis, intermediate duration (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 5.72, 95% CI (1.02-32.1); p = 0.047) and long-standing duration (aOR = 11.03, 95% CI: (1.09-111.45); p = 0.042) remained significant independent predictors of short stature. In contrast, glycemic control (HbA1c), vitamin D status, time in range, and treatment adherence were not significantly associated with short stature after adjustment. Conclusions: Children and adolescents with T1DM have significantly lower height percentiles and a higher prevalence of short stature compared to their controls. Diabetes duration is a strong, independent predictor of short stature in this population, with progressively higher risk as disease duration lengthens, regardless of glycemic control status. These findings underscore the necessity of systematic longitudinal growth monitoring, particularly in patients with disease duration exceeding five years, to enable early identification and intervention for those at highest risk of growth impairment. FAU - Alqahtani, Youssef A AU - Alqahtani YA AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-8162-6288 AD - Department of Child Health, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia. FAU - A Shati, Ayed AU - A Shati A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0444-5595 AD - Department of Child Health, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alshaikh, Ayoub Ali AU - Alshaikh AA AD - Family and Community Medicine Department, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Fardan, Zeinh Hussein AU - Fardan ZH AD - Department of Child Health, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alhuwail, Roaa Saad AU - Alhuwail RS AD - Asser Health Cluster, Ministry of Health, Abha 62523, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Almosleh, Dalia Salem A AU - Almosleh DSA AD - College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alshehri, Abeer Mohammed AU - Alshehri AM AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-5076-030X AD - College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Asiri, Maram Hadi A AU - Asiri MHA AD - College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Hammati, Shaden Essa AU - Hammati SE AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-4921-2189 AD - College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alsharif, Reema Abdullah S AU - Alsharif RAS AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-6316-8461 AD - College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Ghazy, Ramy Mohamed AU - Ghazy RM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7611-706X AD - Family and Community Medicine Department, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia. AD - Health and Medical Research Centre, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia. AD - Tropical Health Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21526, Egypt. LA - eng GR - y, grant number RGP2/461/46/King Khalid University/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260509 PL - Switzerland TA - J Clin Med JT - Journal of clinical medicine JID - 101606588 PMC - PMC13206814 OTO - NOTNLM OT - HbA1c OT - Saudi Arabia OT - children and adolescents OT - diabetes duration OT - growth impairment OT - short stature OT - type 1 diabetes mellitus OT - vitamin D COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/27 06:34 MHDA- 2026/05/27 06:35 PMCR- 2026/05/09 CRDT- 2026/05/27 01:10 PHST- 2026/04/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/27 06:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/27 06:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/27 01:10 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jcm15103629 [pii] AID - jcm-15-03629 [pii] AID - 10.3390/jcm15103629 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Clin Med. 2026 May 9;15(10):3629. doi: 10.3390/jcm15103629. PMID- 42194143 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260527 LR - 20260813 IS - 2227-9067 (Print) IS - 2227-9067 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9067 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Apr 29 TI - Development and Validation of Non-Invasive Machine-Learning Screening Models for Pediatric Malnutrition in Hospitalized Children: A Single-Center Study. LID - 10.3390/children13050617 [doi] LID - 617 AB - Background/Objectives: Child malnutrition is a global health challenge linked to poor growth, impaired development, weakened immunity, and adverse outcomes. Early risk detection is essential, but current screening tools differ in accuracy and feasibility. This study aimed to develop and validate new bedside pediatric malnutrition screening models based on machine learning and evolutionary computation methods that can capture complex patterns in non-invasive clinical indicators while remaining practical for routine ward use. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study including 180 hospitalized children (1 month-18 years) recruited consecutively from six pediatric wards. The required sample size (minimum 138 participants) was calculated a priori using national prevalence estimates of pediatric undernutrition (4-9.5%) to ensure adequate precision at a 95% confidence level. Data collection included a questionnaire, anthropometry, subjective malnutrition risk assessment, and the Subjective Global Nutritional Assessment (SGNA) tool. Screening models were developed using decision trees, random forests, XGBoost, lasso regression, artificial neural networks, ANFIS, and genetic programming. Their performance was evaluated against the SGNA tool and physician-based subjective malnutrition risk assessment using sensitivity, specificity, AUC, and Cohen's kappa. Results: Machine learning and intelligent evolutionary models (GP, ANN, and ANFIS) showed the best performance in this sample, with substantial to high agreement (kappa = 0.81-1.00) and high diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.92-1.00) with the subjective malnutrition risk assessment. The GP model demonstrated the highest apparent accuracy in this dataset, but also higher complexity, whereas simpler models such as decision trees showed lower accuracy but greater interpretability and feasibility for routine clinical use. However, validation was performed on a relatively small independent sample, and no external validation was conducted, which may limit the generalizability of the findings. Conclusions: While complex models may serve as digital assessment instruments, simpler models are rapid and more suitable for bedside screening. All developed models are non-invasive and cost-effective and show potential for supportive approaches for early detection of malnutrition risk at hospital admission. However, given the limited validation sample and the absence of external validation, these findings should be interpreted with caution, and further large-scale, multicenter studies are required to confirm generalizability and clinical applicability. FAU - Klanjsek, Petra AU - Klanjsek P AD - Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Maribor, Zitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia. FAU - Brzan, Petra Povalej AU - Brzan PP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7872-586X AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia. AD - Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Maribor, Koroska cesta 46, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia. FAU - Varda, Natasa Marcun AU - Varda NM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0634-3576 AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia. AD - University Division of Paediatrics, University Medical Centre Maribor, Ljubljanska ulica 5, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia. FAU - Mocnik, Mirjam AU - Mocnik M AD - University Division of Paediatrics, University Medical Centre Maribor, Ljubljanska ulica 5, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia. FAU - Golob Jancic, Sonja AU - Golob Jancic S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6201-7321 AD - University Division of Paediatrics, University Medical Centre Maribor, Ljubljanska ulica 5, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia. FAU - Kovacic, Miha AU - Kovacic M AD - Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Askerceva cesta 6, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. AD - College of Industrial Engineering, Mariborska cesta 2, 3000 Celje, Slovenia. AD - Store Steel d.o.o., Zelezarska cesta 3, 3220 Store, Slovenia. FAU - Pajnkihar, Majda AU - Pajnkihar M AD - Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Maribor, Zitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260429 PL - Switzerland TA - Children (Basel) JT - Children (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101648936 PMC - PMC13204657 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SGNA OT - evolutionary computation OT - genetic programming OT - machine learning OT - malnutrition risk screening OT - nutritional assessment tool OT - nutritional risk screening/assessment OT - nutritional screening tools OT - pediatric malnutrition OT - pediatric undernutrition COIS- Author Miha Kovacic was employed by the company Store Steel d.o.o. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/27 06:33 MHDA- 2026/05/27 06:34 PMCR- 2026/04/29 CRDT- 2026/05/27 01:09 PHST- 2026/03/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/27 06:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/27 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/27 01:09 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - children13050617 [pii] AID - children-13-00617 [pii] AID - 10.3390/children13050617 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Children (Basel). 2026 Apr 29;13(5):617. doi: 10.3390/children13050617. PMID- 42194127 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260527 LR - 20260813 IS - 2227-9067 (Print) IS - 2227-9067 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9067 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Apr 27 TI - Developing a Mindfulness Program for Families in a Pediatric Weight Management Clinic. LID - 10.3390/children13050601 [doi] LID - 601 AB - Background/Objectives: Pediatric obesity is a public health epidemic in the United States and in many countries worldwide. Due to the interrelatedness of obesity and toxic stress, mindfulness is a promising practice to support healthful eating behaviors and combat stress in the management of this condition. In this pilot study we evaluated the acceptability and feasibility of implementing a brief mindfulness-based program for pediatric patients seeking treatment for overweight and obesity, with an assessment of exploratory outcomes. Methods: Nineteen children (ages 8-17 with body mass indices (BMIs) >/= the 85th percentile) and caregiver dyads (n = 19) were recruited from a multidisciplinary pediatric weight management clinic. Four thirty-minute psychoeducational mindfulness-based sessions were provided via telehealth. Qualitative feedback was sought during and after program completion. Child and caregiver mindful eating and general mindfulness measures were collected from participant dyads at baseline, and one month and three months after program completion. Results: Qualitative program feedback from participants was generally positive. Session attendance rates were high (89%), with most participants highly engaged during sessions and the follow-up clinic visits. An analysis of exploratory measures data revealed no significant changes in child or caregiver dyad mindful eating or general mindfulness scores at one month (n = 9) or three months (n = 7) post-program completion compared to baseline (n = 10). Conclusions: This pilot, mindfulness-based program was feasible and acceptable to implement as a scalable behavioral intervention in long-term pediatric obesity treatment. Study of a larger, controlled sample is needed to determine the impact of program participation on mindful eating and general mindfulness, along with clinical obesity-related outcomes, in the management of pediatric obesity. FAU - Lane, Megan AU - Lane M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-5339-968X AD - Department of Developmental Behavioral Pediatrics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. AD - Division of Developmental Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA. FAU - Verdugo, Bobby AU - Verdugo B AD - Department of Developmental Behavioral Pediatrics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. FAU - Emerson, Natacha D AU - Emerson ND AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4702-9412 AD - Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. FAU - Kim, Miranda AU - Kim M AD - Semel Healthy Campus Initiative Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. FAU - Zhang, Qiang AU - Zhang Q AD - David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. FAU - Thang, Christine K AU - Thang CK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5264-2107 AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. FAU - Garell, Cambria L AU - Garell CL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6399-5370 AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. FAU - Depas, Allison Gabriella AU - Depas AG AD - David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. FAU - Slusser, Wendelin M AU - Slusser WM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3831-2192 AD - Semel Healthy Campus Initiative Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. FAU - Boyce, Shanika AU - Boyce S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7568-2785 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA. FAU - Guerrero, Alma D AU - Guerrero AD AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. LA - eng GR - 21-10317/California Department of Health Care Services University of California-Los Angeles (UCLA)/ University of California-San Francisco (UCSF) ACEs Aware Family Resilience Network/ GR - R01 MD016135-01/National Institute of Child Health and Human Development/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260427 PL - Switzerland TA - Children (Basel) JT - Children (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101648936 PMC - PMC13204384 OTO - NOTNLM OT - mindfulness OT - multidisciplinary clinic OT - pediatric obesity OT - program evaluation COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2026/05/27 06:36 MHDA- 2026/05/27 06:37 PMCR- 2026/04/27 CRDT- 2026/05/27 01:09 PHST- 2026/03/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/27 06:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/27 06:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/27 01:09 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - children13050601 [pii] AID - children-13-00601 [pii] AID - 10.3390/children13050601 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Children (Basel). 2026 Apr 27;13(5):601. doi: 10.3390/children13050601. PMID- 42194009 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260813 IS - 2218-273X (Electronic) IS - 2218-273X (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Apr 28 TI - Inverse Correlation Between Nesfatin-1 and Ghrelin O-Acyltransferase (GOAT) in Adolescents with Epilepsy: A Cross-Sectional Study. LID - 10.3390/biom16050658 [doi] LID - 658 AB - Nesfatin-1 and ghrelin O-acyltransferase (GOAT) have established roles in metabolic regulation and neuronal excitability, yet their relationship in epilepsy remains conflicted. This cross-sectional study compared 22 adolescent epilepsy patients (13.1 +/- 2.0 years; 11 women/11 men) with 20 age-matched healthy controls (HCs) (12.3 +/- 2.2 years; 8 women/12 men). Serum and salivary nesfatin-1 and GOAT levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Spearman's rank correlation assessed inter-neuropeptide relationships. Serum nesfatin-1 was markedly elevated in patients with epilepsy compared to HCs (44.04 (interquartile range 38.19-76.72) vs. 8.65 (interquartile range 7.82-9.01) ng/mL, p < 0.001; ~5-fold). Serum GOAT was similarly elevated (4.90 (interquartile range 4.17-6.66) vs. 1.41 (interquartile range 1.21-1.79) ng/mL, p < 0.001; 3.5-fold). A significant inverse correlation between serum nesfatin-1 and GOAT levels was identified in patients with epilepsy (rho = -0.68, 95% CI [-0.86, -0.36], p < 0.001) but not in HCs (p = 0.53) and remained independent of age, sex, body mass index and epilepsy type. This inverse correlation was significant in women (rho = -0.68, p = 0.021) with a similar trend in men (rho = -0.53, p = 0.096). Salivary nesfatin-1 mirrored serum patterns (2.3-fold increase; p < 0.001), while salivary GOAT showed a 9-fold reduction (p < 0.001). This study provides the first evidence of an inverse nesfatin-1/GOAT correlation in adolescent epilepsy, suggesting disease-specific neuroendocrine dysregulation. These exploratory findings support the potential of these neuropeptides as candidate biomarkers warranting further validation and offer new insights into the metabolic-excitability axis in epilepsy. FAU - Sojka, Anna AU - Sojka A AD - Department of Prosthodontics and Gerostomatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland. FAU - Yetkin, Ozgun AU - Yetkin O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4110-8002 AD - Department of Developmental Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland. AD - Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland. FAU - Bartosik, Yasmin AU - Bartosik Y AD - Department of Prosthodontics and Gerostomatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland. FAU - Steinborn, Barbara AU - Steinborn B AD - Department of Developmental Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland. FAU - Dorocka-Bobkowska, Barbara AU - Dorocka-Bobkowska B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3659-7761 AD - Department of Prosthodontics and Gerostomatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland. FAU - Zarowski, Marcin AU - Zarowski M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9800-9446 AD - Department of Developmental Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260428 PL - Switzerland TA - Biomolecules JT - Biomolecules JID - 101596414 RN - 0 (Nucleobindins) RN - 0 (NUCB2 protein, human) RN - EC 2.3.- (Acyltransferases) RN - EC 2.3.- (MBOAT4 protein, human) RN - 0 (Nerve Tissue Proteins) RN - 0 (DNA-Binding Proteins) RN - 0 (Calcium-Binding Proteins) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Nucleobindins/blood/metabolism MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Epilepsy/blood/metabolism MH - Child MH - *Acyltransferases/blood/metabolism MH - *Nerve Tissue Proteins/blood MH - Case-Control Studies MH - *DNA-Binding Proteins/blood MH - Saliva/metabolism MH - Calcium-Binding Proteins/blood PMC - PMC13204653 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - biomarkers OT - epilepsy OT - ghrelin OT - ghrelin o-acyltransferase OT - nesfatin-1 OT - neuropeptides COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/27 06:34 MHDA- 2026/05/27 06:35 PMCR- 2026/04/28 CRDT- 2026/05/27 01:08 PHST- 2026/03/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/27 06:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/27 06:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/27 01:08 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - biom16050658 [pii] AID - biomolecules-16-00658 [pii] AID - 10.3390/biom16050658 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Biomolecules. 2026 Apr 28;16(5):658. doi: 10.3390/biom16050658. PMID- 42193668 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260527 LR - 20260813 IS - 2076-328X (Print) IS - 2076-328X (Electronic) IS - 2076-328X (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 5 DP - 2026 May 15 TI - Determinants of Physical Activity Engagement Among Male Adolescents in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Comparative Study of Athletes and Non-Athletes. LID - 10.3390/bs16050789 [doi] LID - 789 AB - Background: Physical inactivity among Saudi Arabian adolescents is a critical public health concern due to its contribution to the rising prevalence of overweight, obesity, and non-communicable diseases. Despite this, the motivational profiles and perceived barriers that differentiate athletic from non-athletic adolescents remain understudied in the Saudi literature, particularly within the school Physical Education (PE) context. Grounded in Self-Determination Theory (SDT), the present study examined the factors preventing and motivating Saudi adolescents to engage in physical activity (PA) and discusses findings in terms of their implications for PE teachers and school-based intervention. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 124 male high school students in Riyadh (mean age: 16.79 +/- 0.66 years). Participants were categorized as either athletes (n = 70) or non-athletes (n = 54) based on pre-defined engagement criteria: athletes were required to report vigorous-intensity sport participation on three or more days per week for a minimum of 60 min per session. Anthropometric measurements, lifestyle behaviors (diet, screen time, sleep), motivations, and barriers were assessed using the validated Arab Teens Lifestyle Study (ATLS) questionnaire. Independent samples t-tests and chi-square tests were used to compare between-group differences; effect sizes are reported. Result: Non-athletes had a significantly higher mean BMI (29.40 +/- 6.77 kg/m(2)) and waist circumference (98.65 +/- 21.63 cm) compared to athletes (BMI: 22.19 +/- 4.44 kg/m(2); waist: 78.84 +/- 9.51 cm; both p < 0.001). No significant differences were observed in screen time, sleep duration, or dietary habits. The primary motivations for PA among athletes were health benefits (27.1%), recreation (25.7%), and competition (20.0%), reflecting an autonomous motivational profile consistent with SDT. Among non-athletes, the predominant barriers were the lack of suitable facilities (25.9%) and the absence of an exercise partner (22.2%); reflecting unmet SDT needs for competence and relatedness respectively, while only 9.3% cited having a lack of time. Conclusions: Non-athletic participants face a significant health disadvantage characterized by higher rates of overweight and central obesity. In contrast to global trends, where academic commitments dominate barriers to PA, the principal barriers in this population are environmental and social, reflecting unmet psychological needs that PE teachers are uniquely positioned to address. Rather than focusing solely on infrastructure, PE promoters should implement need-supportive teaching practices, including competence-building tasks and cooperative peer structures, to foster the intrinsic motivational profile observed in the athletes and promote long-term PA adherence among non-athletic students, in alignment with the health objectives of Saudi Vision 2030. FAU - Alaqil, Abdulrahman I AU - Alaqil AI AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0458-2354 AD - Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Bin Radhyan, Fahad AU - Bin Radhyan F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3037-0435 AD - Department of Physical Education, College of General Studies, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260515 PL - Switzerland TA - Behav Sci (Basel) JT - Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101576826 PMC - PMC13203752 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Saudi Arabia OT - Self-Determination Theory OT - adolescents OT - barriers OT - motivation OT - obesity OT - physical activity COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/27 06:37 MHDA- 2026/05/27 06:38 PMCR- 2026/05/15 CRDT- 2026/05/27 01:07 PHST- 2026/03/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/27 06:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/27 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/27 01:07 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bs16050789 [pii] AID - behavsci-16-00789 [pii] AID - 10.3390/bs16050789 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Behav Sci (Basel). 2026 May 15;16(5):789. doi: 10.3390/bs16050789. PMID- 42193600 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260527 LR - 20260813 IS - 2076-328X (Print) IS - 2076-328X (Electronic) IS - 2076-328X (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 5 DP - 2026 May 7 TI - Adolescent Sports Learning Interest and Subjective Well-Being: The Chain Mediating Role of Social Anxiety and Sleep Quality. LID - 10.3390/bs16050721 [doi] LID - 721 AB - OBJECTIVE: While the benefits of physical activity are well-documented, the internal mechanisms linking sports interest to adolescent Subjective Well-being (SWB) remain under-explored. This study addresses this gap by investigating the association between Sports Learning Interest and SWB and examining the serial mediating roles of Social Anxiety and Sleep Quality. METHODS: Using a stratified random sampling method, 1764 primary and secondary students were surveyed with validated instruments, including the PSQI and the Index of Well-Being. Data were analyzed using Hayes' PROCESS macro (Model 6) to test the hypothesized chain mediation effects. RESULTS: Sports Learning Interest significantly and positively predicted SWB. The model identified three significant indirect pathways: independent mediation by Social Anxiety, independent mediation by Sleep Quality, and a serial chain from Social Anxiety --> Sleep Quality (total indirect effect = 0.18, 95% CI [0.15, 0.21]). Notably, Sleep Quality emerged as the core mediator, accounting for 29.9% of the total effect. CONCLUSIONS: Enhancing sports interest is positively associated with SWB through a "psychological-physiological" dual channel-specifically by its association with lower social anxiety and subsequently better sleep. These findings provide empirical evidence for designing school-based interventions that integrate physical education with mental health promotion. FAU - Qi, Hanlin AU - Qi H AD - Faculty of Psychology, Shinawatra University, Bang Toey, Sam Khok, Pathum Thani 12160, Thailand. FAU - Bhutasang, Natchana AU - Bhutasang N AD - Faculty of Psychology, Shinawatra University, Bang Toey, Sam Khok, Pathum Thani 12160, Thailand. FAU - Liu, Shixiang AU - Liu S AD - Department of Psychology, Teachers College of Beijing Union University, Beijing 100011, China. FAU - Zhang, Wen AU - Zhang W AD - School of Psychology, Qufu Normal University, No. 57 Jingxuan West Road, Qufu 273165, China. LA - eng GR - JK202506/Education Science Research Project of Beijing Union University/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260507 PL - Switzerland TA - Behav Sci (Basel) JT - Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101576826 PMC - PMC13203127 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescent OT - chain mediation OT - sleep quality OT - social anxiety OT - sports learning interest OT - subjective well-being COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/27 06:34 MHDA- 2026/05/27 06:35 PMCR- 2026/05/07 CRDT- 2026/05/27 01:07 PHST- 2026/03/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/27 06:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/27 06:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/27 01:07 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bs16050721 [pii] AID - behavsci-16-00721 [pii] AID - 10.3390/bs16050721 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Behav Sci (Basel). 2026 May 7;16(5):721. doi: 10.3390/bs16050721. PMID- 42193371 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260527 LR - 20260813 IS - 2227-9059 (Print) IS - 2227-9059 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9059 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 5 DP - 2026 May 4 TI - Environmental Radon Exposure and Inflammatory Responses in Children and Adolescents: Evidence from a High-Radon Region in Kazakhstan. LID - 10.3390/biomedicines14051045 [doi] LID - 1045 AB - Background/Objectives: Radon is a naturally occurring radioactive gas and the leading source of natural radiation exposure worldwide; however, its systemic biological effects in children remain poorly understood. This study examined the association between cumulative indoor radon exposure and inflammatory biomarkers among children residing in rural communities of the Aqmola region in Kazakhstan. Methods: The study included 87 children and adolescents (42 exposed and 45 controls). Radon exposure was measured in residential and school environments, and a composite Radon Exposure Index (REI) was constructed to estimate cumulative exposure over time. Serum concentrations of inflammatory biomarkers, including C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-8 (IL-8), were measured using validated immunoassay methods. Multivariable linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, pubertal development stage, and heating type were used to evaluate associations between REI and biomarker levels. Results: Children and adolescents living in the radon-exposed community had significantly higher REI values than controls (7.75 +/- 0.85 vs.4.83 +/- 0.41, respectively). Among the biomarkers examined, CRP, TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-8 and IL-6 were not significantly associated with radon exposure. Conclusions: These findings do not support the use of the evaluated inflammatory biomarkers as indicators of early biological effects of environmental radon exposure in this population. However, the clear exposure contrast observed between study settings underscores the ongoing public health relevance of radon as an environmental hazard. Continued efforts to monitor and mitigate radon exposure in high-risk regions remain essential, particularly in environments where children spend substantial amounts of time. FAU - Lesbek, Anel AU - Lesbek A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-1231-2946 AD - Institute of Radiobiology and Radiation Protection NJSC, Astana Medical University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan. FAU - Omori, Yasutaka AU - Omori Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3629-8761 AD - Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki 036-8564, Japan. FAU - Bakhtin, Meirat AU - Bakhtin M AD - Institute of Radiobiology and Radiation Protection NJSC, Astana Medical University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan. FAU - Miura, Tomisato AU - Miura T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3104-2134 AD - Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki 036-8564, Japan. FAU - Tokonami, Shinji AU - Tokonami S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6617-7402 AD - Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki 036-8564, Japan. FAU - Kazymbet, Polat AU - Kazymbet P AD - Institute of Radiobiology and Radiation Protection NJSC, Astana Medical University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan. FAU - Ibrayeva, Danara AU - Ibrayeva D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1640-1728 AD - Institute of Radiobiology and Radiation Protection NJSC, Astana Medical University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan. FAU - Altaeva, Nursulu AU - Altaeva N AD - Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biology NJSC, Astana Medical University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan. FAU - Kazhiyakhmetova, Baglan AU - Kazhiyakhmetova B AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-0357-5989 AD - Institute of Radiobiology and Radiation Protection NJSC, Astana Medical University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan. FAU - Saifulina, Elena AU - Saifulina E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1791-0137 AD - Institute of Radiobiology and Radiation Protection NJSC, Astana Medical University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan. FAU - Shokabayeva, Aigerim AU - Shokabayeva A AD - Institute of Radiobiology and Radiation Protection NJSC, Astana Medical University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan. FAU - Mussayeva, Elvira AU - Mussayeva E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8012-2590 AD - Institute of Radiobiology and Radiation Protection NJSC, Astana Medical University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan. FAU - Mulkat, Yelshenbek AU - Mulkat Y AD - Institute of Radiobiology and Radiation Protection NJSC, Astana Medical University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan. FAU - Kashkinbayev, Yerlan AU - Kashkinbayev Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6095-459X AD - Institute of Radiobiology and Radiation Protection NJSC, Astana Medical University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan. LA - eng GR - grant number IRN AP22786933/Committee of Science of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260504 PL - Switzerland TA - Biomedicines JT - Biomedicines JID - 101691304 PMC - PMC13203900 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Kazakhstan OT - Radon Exposure Index OT - adolescents OT - environmental health OT - environmental radiation OT - inflammatory biomarkers OT - interleukin-8 OT - radon exposure OT - rural populations OT - serum biomarkers COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/27 06:39 MHDA- 2026/05/27 06:40 PMCR- 2026/05/04 CRDT- 2026/05/27 01:06 PHST- 2026/04/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/27 06:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/27 06:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/27 01:06 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - biomedicines14051045 [pii] AID - biomedicines-14-01045 [pii] AID - 10.3390/biomedicines14051045 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Biomedicines. 2026 May 4;14(5):1045. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines14051045. PMID- 42192480 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260721 LR - 20260813 IS - 2050-7283 (Electronic) IS - 2050-7283 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 26 TI - Digital addiction comorbidity patterns and their differential links to internalizing symptoms, suicidal behaviors and non-suicidal self-injury in vocational high school students. LID - 10.1186/s40359-026-04873-z [doi] LID - 1077 AB - BACKGROUND: Digital addiction is a growing public health concern among adolescents, yet evidence on co-occurring addiction patterns and their differential associations with mental health outcomes remains limited, particularly in vocational students. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey of 15,311 vocational high school students was conducted in Zigong, China. Smartphone, gaming, and social media addiction were assessed using validated scales. Participants were classified into no addiction, single addiction, and multiple addictions groups. Outcomes included internalizing symptoms (clinically significant depression or anxiety), suicidal behaviors (ideation, planning, or attempts), and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). Hierarchical regression models with progressive adjustment were supplemented by sensitivity analyses using continuous scores and operating characteristic (ROC)-derived alternative cut-offs. RESULTS: A total of 20.9% of participants met the criteria for one form of digital addiction, with smartphone-only addiction being the most prevalent pattern (19.4%). A graded association was observed, with the prevalence of all adverse outcomes increasing progressively with the number of addictions (all p < 0.001). In fully adjusted models, single addiction was associated with internalizing symptoms (OR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.54-2.04), suicidal behaviors (OR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.24-1.52), and NSSI (OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.24-1.63). Multiple addictions were associated with internalizing symptoms (OR = 5.58, 95% CI: 3.71-8.41) and suicidal behaviors (OR = 2.56, 95% CI: 1.74-3.77), but the association with NSSI was attenuated (OR = 1.17, 95% CI: 0.81-1.70, p = 0.404). When the three continuous addiction scores were mutually adjusted, smartphone addiction severity remained independently associated only with internalizing symptoms (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.04-1.06), whereas gaming and social media addiction severities were independently associated with both suicidal behaviors and NSSI. Triple addiction was associated with the highest risk of suicidal behaviors (OR = 3.42, 95% CI: 1.62-7.21). Sensitivity analyses using data-driven ROC-optimal cut-offs preserved the core graded pattern. CONCLUSION: Co-occurring digital addictions are common among vocational students and exhibit graded associations with adverse mental health outcomes. Smartphone addiction appears primarily linked to internalizing distress, while gaming and social media addictions are independently associated with self-harm, underscoring the importance of assessing specific digital activities rather than total screen time. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Wen, Liping AU - Wen L AD - Department of Psychiatry, Zigong Mental Health Center, the Zigong Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, 666 Gongshu Road, Zigong, Sichuan Province, 643020, China. FAU - Xu, Lu AU - Xu L AD - Department of Psychiatry, Zigong Mental Health Center, the Zigong Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, 666 Gongshu Road, Zigong, Sichuan Province, 643020, China. FAU - Bai, Li AU - Bai L AD - Department of Psychiatry, Zigong Mental Health Center, the Zigong Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, 666 Gongshu Road, Zigong, Sichuan Province, 643020, China. FAU - Zhu, Lingyan AU - Zhu L AD - Department of Psychiatry, Zigong Mental Health Center, the Zigong Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, 666 Gongshu Road, Zigong, Sichuan Province, 643020, China. FAU - Liao, Liangxue AU - Liao L AD - Department of Psychiatry, Zigong Mental Health Center, the Zigong Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, 666 Gongshu Road, Zigong, Sichuan Province, 643020, China. FAU - He, Ruini AU - He R AD - Department of Psychiatry, Zigong Mental Health Center, the Zigong Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, 666 Gongshu Road, Zigong, Sichuan Province, 643020, China. FAU - Liu, Kezhi AU - Liu K AD - Department of Psychiatry, Zigong Mental Health Center, the Zigong Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, 666 Gongshu Road, Zigong, Sichuan Province, 643020, China. liukezhi@swmu.edu.cn. AD - Department of Psychiatry, Affliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China. liukezhi@swmu.edu.cn. FAU - Wang, Yilin AU - Wang Y AD - Department of Psychiatry, Zigong Mental Health Center, the Zigong Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, 666 Gongshu Road, Zigong, Sichuan Province, 643020, China. wangyilinzg0321@163.com. LA - eng GR - 2025-NKY-01-01/the Zigong Key Science and Technology Plan (Collaborative Innovation Project of Zigong Institute of Brain Sciences)/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260526 PL - England TA - BMC Psychol JT - BMC psychology JID - 101627676 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - *Students/psychology/statistics & numerical data MH - China/epidemiology MH - Comorbidity MH - Female MH - *Self-Injurious Behavior/epidemiology/psychology MH - *Internet Addiction Disorder/epidemiology/psychology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Behavior, Addictive/epidemiology/psychology MH - Male MH - Smartphone MH - Digital Media MH - Suicidal Ideation MH - *Social Media MH - *Depression/epidemiology MH - *Anxiety/epidemiology PMC - PMC13386748 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Digital addiction OT - Gaming disorder OT - Sleep disturbance OT - Smartphone addiction OT - Social media addiction OT - Suicidal behaviors OT - Vocational high school students COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This investigation strictly followed the Declaration of Helsinki, and received ethical approval from received ethical approval from the Zigong Mental Health Center in China (Approval No. 2020-8-01). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants aged 18 or above, while in the case of minors, parental or legal guardian consent was obtained, alongside student assent. All data were anonymized and stored securely. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/27 06:34 MHDA- 2026/07/21 06:34 PMCR- 2026/05/26 CRDT- 2026/05/27 00:35 PHST- 2026/03/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/21 06:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/27 06:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/27 00:35 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s40359-026-04873-z [pii] AID - 4873 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s40359-026-04873-z [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Psychol. 2026 May 26;14(1):1077. doi: 10.1186/s40359-026-04873-z. PMID- 42191930 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260820 LR - 20260822 IS - 2730-664X (Electronic) IS - 2730-664X (Linking) VI - 6 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 26 TI - Metabolic hormone and adipokine alterations in major depressive disorder in relation to the acute-phase inflammatory response and early-life adversity. LID - 10.1038/s43856-026-01686-4 [doi] LID - 446 AB - BACKGROUND: Major depressive disorder (MDD) involves dysregulated neuroimmune, metabolic, and inflammatory pathways. This study characterized metabolic hormone and adipokine profiles in Chinese MDD patients stratified for metabolic syndrome (MetS), and examined associations with depression severity (OSOD), suicidal ideation (SI), illness recurrence (ROI), and physiosomatic symptoms. METHODS: We enrolled 125 MDD inpatients (age 18-70 years) and 40 healthy controls (age 20-65 years). Fasting serum insulin, glucose, glucagon, GIP, GLP‑1, leptin, secretin, PAI‑1, resistin, ghrelin, and adiponectin were measured. The acute‑phase inflammatory (API) response was assessed using albumin, transferrin, and monomeric CRP. Group comparisons used ANOVA or general linear models (adjusted for age, BMI, MetS) with false discovery rate correction. Associations were tested with Pearson correlations, stepwise multiple regression, and binary logistic regression. Discriminatory performance was evaluated by ROC‑AUC. RESULTS: MDD showed significantly lower insulin, glucagon, and PAI‑1, along with a higher API index (all adjusted). A composite GAP index (ghrelin, adiponectin, PAI‑1) correlated negatively with OSOD, SI, ROI, physiosomatic symptoms, and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). A model combining GAP index, API index, and ACEs discriminated MDD from controls with AUC = 0.864 and 80% accuracy. CONCLUSION: Severe MDD in this Chinese inpatient sample is characterized by suppressed anabolic hormones and lower adipokines coupled with mild chronic inflammation, independent of MetS. This hormonal‑immune‑metabolic signature is integral to MDD pathophysiology. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Chen, Tangcong AU - Chen T AD - Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China. AD - Key Laboratory of Psychosomatic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China. FAU - Luo, Yueyang AU - Luo Y AD - Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China. AD - Key Laboratory of Psychosomatic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China. FAU - Niu, Mengqi AU - Niu M AD - Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China. AD - Key Laboratory of Psychosomatic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China. FAU - Li, Mengdie AU - Li M AD - Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China. AD - Key Laboratory of Psychosomatic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China. FAU - Almulla, Abbas F AU - Almulla AF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7667-6731 AD - Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China. AD - Key Laboratory of Psychosomatic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China. AD - Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq. FAU - Kubera, Marta AU - Kubera M AD - Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Krakow, Poland. FAU - Zhang, Yingqian AU - Zhang Y AD - Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China. AD - Key Laboratory of Psychosomatic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China. FAU - Maes, Michael AU - Maes M AD - Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China. michaelmaes@uestc.edu.cn. AD - Key Laboratory of Psychosomatic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China. michaelmaes@uestc.edu.cn. AD - Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria. michaelmaes@uestc.edu.cn. AD - Research Institute, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria. michaelmaes@uestc.edu.cn. AD - Research and Innovation Program for the Development of MU - PLOVDIV (SRIPD-MUP), Creation of a network of research higher schools, National Plan for Recovery and Sustainability, European Union - NextGenerationEU, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria. michaelmaes@uestc.edu.cn. AD - Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. michaelmaes@uestc.edu.cn. AD - Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea. michaelmaes@uestc.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260526 PL - England TA - Commun Med (Lond) JT - Communications medicine JID - 9918250414506676 PMC - PMC13490482 OAB - This study examined metabolic hormones and inflammatory markers in Chinese patients with severe depression. Compared to healthy controls, depressed patients had lower levels of several key hormones (insulin, glucagon, and PAI-1) but higher levels of inflammation markers. A combination of three hormones-ghrelin, adiponectin, and PAI-1 (called the GAP index)-was strongly linked to depression severity, suicidal thoughts, illness recurrence, and physical symptoms. Patients who reported difficult childhood experiences also showed more severe illness. A model combining the GAP index, inflammation markers, and childhood adversity accurately distinguished patients with depression from healthy individuals. These findings suggest that severe depression involves a distinct pattern of hormone changes driven by chronic low-grade inflammation. This work may help guide more personalized treatment approaches for depression in the future. OABL- eng COIS- Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/27 00:30 MHDA- 2026/05/27 00:31 PMCR- 2026/05/26 CRDT- 2026/05/26 23:25 PHST- 2026/01/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/27 00:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/27 00:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/26 23:25 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s43856-026-01686-4 [pii] AID - 1686 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s43856-026-01686-4 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Commun Med (Lond). 2026 May 26;6(1):446. doi: 10.1038/s43856-026-01686-4. PMID- 42191775 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260708 LR - 20260813 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 26 TI - Predicting differential ratings of perceived exertion (dRPE) in youth soccer using decision tree models. LID - 10.1038/s41598-026-53646-6 [doi] LID - 21220 AB - This study investigated the relationship between external training load metrics obtained from GPS technology and differentiated ratings of perceived exertion (dRPE) in elite youth soccer players, and evaluated the predictive value of decision tree models for estimating exertion across multiple domains. Data were collected over a 17-week in-season period, yielding 537 training observations from 15 players. External load variables included total distance, moderate- and high-speed running, accelerations, decelerations, distances covered during acceleration and deceleration, and impacts, all normalized per minute of training. Internal load was assessed using a modified Borg CR-10 scale with separate ratings for overall exertion, lower-limb effort, breathlessness, and technical-cognitive demand. Decision tree models were developed for each dRPE dimension. Total distance emerged as the strongest predictor of overall exertion, muscular effort, and technical-cognitive strain, while breathlessness was primarily explained by moderate-speed running (14.4-19.8 km.h(-)(1)). The models showed satisfactory session-level predictive accuracy within the monitored squad under repeated-session monitoring, with root mean square error values between 0.96 and 1.19 across domains. These results confirm the multidimensional nature of exertion in soccer and indicate the value of combining perceptual measures with interpretable machine learning models to improve individualized monitoring and understanding of training responses in elite youth players. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Sliwowski, Robert AU - Sliwowski R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6689-9536 AD - Department of Theory and Methodology of Team Sport Games, Poznan University of Physical Education, 27/39 Krolowej Jadwigi St. 61-871, Poznan, Poland. sliwowski@awf.poznan.pl. FAU - Gorecki, Tomasz AU - Gorecki T AD - Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland. FAU - Wlodarczyk, Michal AU - Wlodarczyk M AD - Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznan, Poland. FAU - Paillard, Thierry AU - Paillard T AD - Department of Sport Sciences, MEPS Laboratory, University of Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, Tarbes, E2S UPPA, France. FAU - Zwierko, Teresa AU - Zwierko T AD - Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, Laboratory of Kinesiology, Functional and Structural Human Research Center, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland. FAU - Marynowicz, Jakub AU - Marynowicz J AD - Department of Theory and Methodology of Team Sport Games, Poznan University of Physical Education, 27/39 Krolowej Jadwigi St. 61-871, Poznan, Poland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260526 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Soccer/physiology MH - *Physical Exertion/physiology MH - *Decision Trees MH - Adolescent MH - Running/physiology MH - *Perception MH - Male PMC - PMC13346698 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Decision tree mode OT - GPS monitoring OT - Perceived exertion OT - Training load OT - Youth soccer COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Ethics approval and consent to participate: All procedures performed in this study were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments. The research protocol was reviewed and approved by the Bioethics Committee at Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland (approval no. 518/2018). Written informed consent was obtained from the parents or legal guardians of all participants prior to data collection. EDAT- 2026/05/27 00:30 MHDA- 2026/07/09 00:40 PMCR- 2026/05/26 CRDT- 2026/05/26 23:20 PHST- 2025/10/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/09 00:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/27 00:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/26 23:20 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-53646-6 [pii] AID - 53646 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-53646-6 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2026 May 26;16(1):21220. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-53646-6. PMID- 42191258 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260728 IS - 1873-4324 (Electronic) IS - 0003-2670 (Linking) VI - 1410 DP - 2026 Aug 8 TI - CARES-Net: a channel-attention residual network for multi-disease classification in small-sample (1)H NMR metabolomics data. PG - 345614 LID - S0003-2670(26)00564-7 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.aca.2026.345614 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: NMR-based metabolomics is widely used in disease diagnosis due to its non-destructive and quantitative advantages. However, its analytical performance is often limited by the high-dimensional feature space derived from segmented 1D (1)H NMR spectra, excessive feature variables, and small sample sizes. These characteristics impede accurate correlation analysis, reduce model robustness, and frequently cause overfitting and unstable classification results. Existing statistical and machine learning methods struggle to effectively capture nonlinear metabolic patterns under such conditions. Therefore, there is a clear need for a more robust and intelligent analytical framework to improve disease classification accuracy in small-sample NMR-based metabolomics. RESULTS: We propose CARES-Net, a channel-attention residual network specifically designed for (1)H NMR-based small-sample metabolomics disease classification. The model integrates residual connections with a channel attention mechanism to adaptively reweight spectral features, thereby enhancing informative metabolite signals while suppressing noise and redundant variables. Serum (1)H NMR datasets from children with malnutrition and patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) were used to evaluate the model. To address sample imbalance and feature redundancy, the SMOTE algorithm was applied for data augmentation and XGBoost was employed for feature selection. CARES-Net achieved classification accuracies of 86.25% for malnutrition and 92.50% for PDAC, significantly outperforming traditional machine learning models and representative deep learning approaches, demonstrating superior feature learning and generalization capabilities under small-sample conditions. SIGNIFICANCE: This study demonstrate that CARES-Net provides an effective solution to the challenges of high dimensionality and limited sample sizes in NMR-based metabolomics. By improving feature representation and classification stability, the proposed method enhances diagnostic reliability and accuracy. This work offers a promising analytical framework for small-sample metabolomics studies and supports the development of intelligent diagnostic systems. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Ye, Zihang AU - Ye Z AD - Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China. FAU - Guo, Yucheng AU - Guo Y AD - Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China. FAU - Ji, Zhicheng AU - Ji Z AD - Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China. FAU - Zhu, Hongwei AU - Zhu H AD - Department of Pediatric, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China. FAU - Feng, Jianghua AU - Feng J AD - Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China. FAU - Shen, Guiping AU - Shen G AD - Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China. Electronic address: gpshen@xmu.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20260505 PL - Netherlands TA - Anal Chim Acta JT - Analytica chimica acta JID - 0370534 SB - IM MH - *Metabolomics/methods MH - Humans MH - *Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy OTO - NOTNLM OT - Channel attention OT - Deep learning OT - Metabolomics OT - Multi-disease classification OT - Nuclear magnetic resonance COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/05/27 00:30 MHDA- 2026/05/27 00:31 CRDT- 2026/05/26 20:59 PHST- 2025/12/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/27 00:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/27 00:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/26 20:59 [entrez] AID - S0003-2670(26)00564-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.aca.2026.345614 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Anal Chim Acta. 2026 Aug 8;1410:345614. doi: 10.1016/j.aca.2026.345614. Epub 2026 May 5. PMID- 42191217 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260526 LR - 20260813 IS - 2399-9772 (Electronic) IS - 2399-9772 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 26 TI - Temporal trends, geographic patterns and predictors of chronic health conditions in Australian children: a mixed multilevel analysis. LID - 10.1136/bmjpo-2025-003969 [doi] LID - e003969 AB - OBJECTIVE: This study examined temporal trends, spatial distribution and multilevel predictors of chronic conditions using nationally representative data from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children. STUDY DESIGN: Longitudinal population-based cohort study using multilevel and spatial analyses. METHODS: Multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression models were used to identify child-level, parent-level and context-level predictors across waves 2-8. Model fit was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient and Akaike Information Criterion. Spatial mapping was performed using Statistical Area Level 2. Significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS: The prevalence of chronic conditions rose from 32.1% to 58.7%. Significant child-level predictors included severe sleep problems (adjusted odd ratio (AOR) = 2.98), sedentary behaviour (AOR = 1.27), poor diet (low fruit/vegetable intake: AOR = 1.14; high-fat foods: AOR = 1.88), sugary drink intake (AOR = 1.23) and obesity (AOR = 1.43). Parental and contextual predictors included Indigenous status (AOR = 1.68), financial hardship (AOR = 1.16), maternal medical conditions (AOR = 1.48), paternal depression (AOR = 1.61), low household income ($A <500: AOR = 1.26), paternal smoking (AOR = 1.41), heavy alcohol consumption by mothers (AOR = 1.77) and fathers (AOR = 1.72), residence in non-metropolitan areas (AOR = 1.53) and living in moderately to very remote areas (AOR = 2.01). CONCLUSION: Chronic conditions among Australian children are increasing, driven by interconnecting child, family and geographic risk factors. Multilevel interventions are needed to address these rising inequalities. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ Group. FAU - Abebe, Ayele Mamo AU - Abebe AM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1801-8167 AD - Pediatric & Child Health Nursing Department, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Amhara, Ethiopia ayelemamo12@gmail.com. AD - University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia. FAU - Hoque, Zahirul AU - Hoque Z AD - University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia. FAU - Khanam, Rasheda AU - Khanam R AD - University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260526 PL - England TA - BMJ Paediatr Open JT - BMJ paediatrics open JID - 101715309 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Australia/epidemiology MH - *Chronic Disease/epidemiology MH - Logistic Models MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Multilevel Analysis MH - Prevalence MH - Risk Factors MH - Sedentary Behavior MH - Socioeconomic Factors MH - *Health Status PMC - PMC13218166 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent Health OT - Child Health OT - Health services research COIS- Competing interests: No, there are no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/27 00:30 MHDA- 2026/05/27 00:31 PMCR- 2026/05/26 CRDT- 2026/05/26 20:43 PHST- 2025/08/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/27 00:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/27 00:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/26 20:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1136/bmjpo-2025-003969 [pii] AID - bmjpo-2025-003969 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjpo-2025-003969 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Paediatr Open. 2026 May 26;10(1):e003969. doi: 10.1136/bmjpo-2025-003969. PMID- 42190641 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260526 LR - 20260813 IS - 2561-1011 (Electronic) IS - 2561-1011 (Linking) VI - 10 DP - 2026 May 26 TI - Sleep and Cardiovascular Health Among Women With a History of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: Pilot Observational Study. PG - e81118 LID - 10.2196/81118 [doi] LID - e81118 AB - BACKGROUND: Both poor sleep health and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Whether poor postpartum sleep contributes to the relationship between HDP and future cardiovascular disease is unknown. This pilot study evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of studying sleep health using a wearable device (Oura ring) among mothers of young children. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated indices of sleep health both objectively with the Oura ring and subjectively via questionnaires and qualitative interviews among mothers with and without a history of HDP. We also aimed to compare cardiovascular health (CVH) among mothers with vs without a prior history of HDP. METHODS: Women who were 3 to 7 years after childbirth completed baseline questionnaires (the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index [PSQI], Mediterranean Eating Pattern for Americans tool, and 7-item International Physical Activity Questionnaire) and wore the Oura ring continuously for 2 weeks to monitor sleep. Optimal sleep health was defined as a sleep duration of >/=7 hours, a PSQI score of 85%, and a sleep onset variability of <60 minutes. CVH was assessed using the Life's Essential 8 score, with 8 factors assessed via questionnaires (diet, physical activity, and nicotine exposure) and objective measurements (BMI, blood pressure, blood lipids, blood glucose, and sleep duration). Semistructured interviews were conducted. RESULTS: In total, among 49 women, 28 (57%) with prior HDP and 21 (43%) with prior normotensive pregnancy were included, with an average of 4.9 (SD 1.2) years after delivery. Average sleep quality was suboptimal in both groups (mean PSQI score 7.0, SD 3.5 in the HDP group vs mean PSQI score 5.9, SD 2.4 in the control group; P=.22). Average sleep duration was suboptimal (6.7, SD 0.8 hours), with no difference between groups. Approximately half (n=23, 47%) had abnormal sleep timing, which was more common among those with a prior normotensive pregnancy. Sleep onset variability was high (mean 1.2, SD 0.5 hours), with no significant differences by HDP status. The mean CVH score fell within the moderate range (70.7, SD 12.8), with no differences between groups. The components of the CVH score that were lowest (ie, worst) among the entire cohort were diet (mean 37.3, SD 25.6) and BMI (mean 50.8, SD 35.4 kg/m2). Common barriers to sleep included parenting, work, and household responsibilities. The study met our criteria for the feasibility and acceptability of using the Oura ring to study sleep in this population. CONCLUSIONS: Among postpartum women, sleep health was suboptimal regardless of HDP history. Interventions to improve sleep and CVH should target all mothers during the first decade after childbirth. CI - (c) Anais Hausvater, Elianna Shwayder, Marie-Pierre St-Onge, Linda G Kahn, Manuela Plazas-Montana, Lillian Na, Amanda Joa, Leonardo Trasande, Harmony R Reynolds. Originally published in JMIR Cardio (https://cardio.jmir.org). FAU - Hausvater, Anais AU - Hausvater A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8649-9137 AD - Sarah Ross Soter Center for Women's Cardiovascular Research, Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Leon H Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 550 First Ave, New York, NY, 10016, United States, 1 6465012828. FAU - Shwayder, Elianna AU - Shwayder E AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-1961-240X AD - Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, NY, United States. FAU - St-Onge, Marie-Pierre AU - St-Onge MP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1354-1749 AD - Division of General Medicine and Center of Excellence for Sleep and Circadian Research, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States. FAU - Kahn, Linda G AU - Kahn LG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6512-6160 AD - Department of Pediatrics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States. AD - Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States. FAU - Plazas-Montana, Manuela AU - Plazas-Montana M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-6182-2481 AD - Sarah Ross Soter Center for Women's Cardiovascular Research, Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Leon H Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 550 First Ave, New York, NY, 10016, United States, 1 6465012828. FAU - Na, Lillian AU - Na L AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-8702-5628 AD - Sarah Ross Soter Center for Women's Cardiovascular Research, Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Leon H Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 550 First Ave, New York, NY, 10016, United States, 1 6465012828. FAU - Joa, Amanda AU - Joa A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-7133-9307 AD - Sarah Ross Soter Center for Women's Cardiovascular Research, Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Leon H Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 550 First Ave, New York, NY, 10016, United States, 1 6465012828. FAU - Trasande, Leonardo AU - Trasande L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1928-597X AD - Department of Pediatrics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States. AD - Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States. FAU - Reynolds, Harmony R AU - Reynolds HR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0284-0655 AD - Sarah Ross Soter Center for Women's Cardiovascular Research, Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Leon H Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 550 First Ave, New York, NY, 10016, United States, 1 6465012828. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260526 PL - Canada TA - JMIR Cardio JT - JMIR cardio JID - 101718325 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - Pilot Projects MH - Adult MH - *Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced/physiopathology/epidemiology MH - *Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology/etiology/physiopathology MH - *Sleep/physiology MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Sleep Quality MH - Sleep Duration MH - Risk Factors MH - *Sleep Wake Disorders/epidemiology PMC - PMC13211945 OTO - NOTNLM OT - cardiovascular health OT - digital health OT - hypertensive disorders of pregnancy OT - postpartum OT - sleep health OT - sleep quality COIS- Conflicts of Interest: None declared. EDAT- 2026/05/27 00:30 MHDA- 2026/05/27 00:31 PMCR- 2026/05/26 CRDT- 2026/05/26 18:22 PHST- 2025/07/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/27 00:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/27 00:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/26 18:22 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v10i1e81118 [pii] AID - 81118 [pii] AID - 10.2196/81118 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JMIR Cardio. 2026 May 26;10:e81118. doi: 10.2196/81118. PMID- 42190578 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260613 LR - 20260706 IS - 1878-5506 (Electronic) IS - 1389-9457 (Linking) VI - 145 DP - 2026 Sep TI - The Italian registry for narcolepsy and central disorders of hypersomnolence (ReN&IS): Baseline clinical and diagnostic findings. PG - 109021 LID - S1389-9457(26)00260-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.sleep.2026.109021 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Central disorders of hypersomnolence, a wide and heterogeneous group of neurological disorders including narcolepsy type 1 (NT1), narcolepsy type 2 (NT2), and idiopathic hypersomnia (IH), are chronic, rare, under-recognized, and disabling conditions characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and other symptoms adversely impacting patients' lives. Large, harmonized real-world datasets are needed to improve phenotypic characterization, diagnostic accuracy, and translational research. METHODS: The Italian Registry for Narcolepsy and Central Disorders of Hypersomnolence (ReN&IS) is a national, multicenter, observational registry established in 2022. This preliminary analysis presents and compares demographic features, disease presentation, diagnostic assessment, medical comorbidities, current treatment patterns, and symptoms' evolution across diagnostic NT1, NT2, and IH groups of patients enrolled across 20 Italian referral centers. RESULTS: From March 2022 to September 2025, 480 cases were entered in the ReN&IS. NT1 accounted for 80.0% of cases, NT2 for 14.6%, and IH for 5.4%. NT1 showed younger age at onset and enrollment than NT2 and IH, as well as the highest burden of REM-sleep-related symptoms and clear biomarker profiles (HLA DQB1 *06:02 positivity and low cerebrospinal fluid orexin-A levels). Although most patients were treated with non-pharmacological (58-77%) and pharmacological (88-94%) interventions, residual EDS was common in the different groups (65-85%). Obesity and medical comorbidities, including cardiovascular, pulmonary, and connective tissue diseases did not significantly differ across groups. CONCLUSIONS: ReN&IS provides the first nationwide, real-world characterization of central disorders of hypersomnolence in Italy, highlighting diagnostic and therapeutic gaps, and offering a robust platform for future longitudinal and translational studies. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Torreri, Paola AU - Torreri P AD - National Center Rare Diseases - Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy. FAU - Buoncuore, Giorgia AU - Buoncuore G AD - National Center Rare Diseases - Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: giorgia.buoncuore@iss.it. FAU - Rocchetti, Adele AU - Rocchetti A AD - National Center Rare Diseases - Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy. FAU - Facciaroni, Lorenzo AU - Facciaroni L AD - National Center Rare Diseases - Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy. FAU - Carta, Claudio AU - Carta C AD - National Center Rare Diseases - Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy. FAU - Pizza, Fabio AU - Pizza F AD - IRCCS - Institute of Neurological Science, Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. FAU - Vignatelli, Luca AU - Vignatelli L AD - IRCCS - Institute of Neurological Science, Bologna, Italy. FAU - Strambi, Luigi Ferini AU - Strambi LF AD - Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Neurology, Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy. FAU - Biscarini, Francesco AU - Biscarini F AD - IRCCS - Institute of Neurological Science, Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. FAU - Zenti, Massimo AU - Zenti M AD - Associazione Italiana Narcolettici e Ipersonni, AIN, Florence, Italy. FAU - Ferri, Raffaele AU - Ferri R AD - Sleep Research Centre, OASI Research Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy. FAU - Plazzi, Giuseppe AU - Plazzi G AD - IRCCS - Institute of Neurological Science, Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy. CN - ReN&IS Group LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260518 PL - Netherlands TA - Sleep Med JT - Sleep medicine JID - 100898759 RN - Narcolepsy 1 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Young Adult MH - Comorbidity MH - *Idiopathic Hypersomnia/diagnosis/epidemiology MH - Italy/epidemiology MH - *Narcolepsy/diagnosis/epidemiology MH - *Registries OTO - NOTNLM OT - Biomarkers OT - Central disorders of hypersomnolence OT - Idiopathic hypersomnia OT - Narcolepsy type 1 OT - Narcolepsy type 2 OT - Registry COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. FIR - Angriman, Marco IR - Angriman M IRAD- South Tyrolean Healthcare Service, Ospedale Centrale di Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy. Electronic address: marco.angriman@sabes.it. FIR - Arico, Irene IR - Arico I IRAD- Sleep Medicine Center - Neurophysiopathology, AOU "G. Martino", Messina, Italy. Electronic address: irene.arico@polime.it. FIR - Arnaldi, Dario IR - Arnaldi D IRAD- Dept. of Neuroscience (DINOGMI) - Clinical Neurophysiology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Metropolitana, Genoa, Italy. Electronic address: dario.arnaldi@unige.it. FIR - Biscarini, Francesco IR - Biscarini F IRAD- Institute of Neurological Science, Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. Electronic address: francesco.biscarini2@unibo.it. FIR - Bonanni, Enrica IR - Bonanni E IRAD- Neurology Unit, Sleep Disorder Center - Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy. Electronic address: enrica.bonanni@unipi.it. FIR - Brunetti, Valerio IR - Brunetti V IRAD- UOC di Neurologia - Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Organi di Senso e Torace, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: valerio.brunetti@policlinicogemelli.it. FIR - Buoncuore, Giorgia IR - Buoncuore G IRAD- National Center Rare Diseases - Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: giorgia.buoncuore@iss.it. FIR - Francesca, Burrachi Torresi IR - Francesca BT IRAD- Neurology Unit, Sleep Disorder Center - Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy. Electronic address: f.burrachitorresi@studenti.unipi.it. FIR - Canevini, Maria Paola IR - Canevini MP IRAD- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Italy; Epilepsy Center - Sleep Medicine Center, Childhood and Adolescence Neuropsychiatry Unit, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, San Paolo Hospital, Milan, Italy. Electronic address: maria.canevini@asst-santipaolocarlo.it. FIR - Carta, Claudio IR - Carta C IRAD- National Center Rare Diseases - Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: caudio.carta@iss.it. FIR - Cerroni, Gianluigi IR - Cerroni G IRAD- Center of Sleep Medicine, Dept. Neurology, Villa Serena Hospital, Citta S. Angelo, Pescara, Italy; Villaserena Foundation for the Research, Citta S. Angelo, Pescara, Italy. Electronic address: cerronigianluigi@gmail.com. FIR - Congiu, Patrizia IR - Congiu P IRAD- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Interdipartimental Sleep Centre - University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy. Electronic address: patcongiu@gmail.com. FIR - Cosentino, Filomena I I IR - Cosentino FII IRAD- Sleep Research Centre, OASI Research Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy. Electronic address: nuccos3@gmail.com. FIR - Barbara, Costi Ilaria Rosa IR - Barbara CIR IRAD- Department of Neuroscience, Center of Sleep Medicine - Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy. Electronic address: ilariarosabarbara.costi@ospedaleniguarda.it. FIR - De Scisciolo, Martina IR - De Scisciolo M IRAD- UOC di Neurologia - Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Organi di Senso e Torace, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: martinades1@hotmail.com. FIR - Di Giacomo, Roberta IR - Di Giacomo R IRAD- Epilepsy Unit, Sleep Disorders Unit - Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy. Electronic address: roberta.digiacomo@istituto-besta.it. FIR - Didato, Giuseppe IR - Didato G IRAD- Epilepsy Unit, Sleep Disorders Unit - Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy. Electronic address: giuseppe.didato@istituto-besta.it. FIR - Facciaroni, Lorenzo IR - Facciaroni L IRAD- National Center Rare Diseases - Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: lorenzo.facciaroni@guest.iss.it. FIR - Ferini Strambi, Luigi IR - Ferini Strambi L IRAD- Sleep Disorders Center - Department of Neurology, Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy. Electronic address: ferinistrambi.luigi@hsr.it. FIR - Ferrazzoli, Chiara IR - Ferrazzoli C IRAD- Sleep Medicine Centre - Department of Systems Medicine, University Hospital of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy. Electronic address: chiaraferrazzoli@gmail.com. FIR - Ferri, Raffaele IR - Ferri R IRAD- Sleep Research Centre, OASI Research Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy. Electronic address: rferri@oasi.en.it. FIR - Gnazzo, Martina IR - Gnazzo M IRAD- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Clinic of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Department of Mental Health, Physical and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy. Electronic address: martignazzo@hotmail.it. FIR - Guarnieri, Biancamaria IR - Guarnieri B IRAD- Center of Sleep Medicine, Dept. Neurology, Villa Serena Hospital, Citta S. Angelo, Pescara, Italy; Villaserena Foundation for the Research, Citta S. Angelo, Pescara, Italy. Electronic address: bmariaguarnieri@villaserena.it. FIR - Ingravallo, Francesca IR - Ingravallo F IRAD- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy. Electronic address: francesca.ingravallo@unibo.it. FIR - Lanuzza, Bartolo IR - Lanuzza B IRAD- Sleep Research Centre, OASI Research Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy. Electronic address: blanuzza@oasi.en.it. FIR - Lombardi, Carolina IR - Lombardi C IRAD- Center of Sleep Disorders, Department of Cardiovascular, Neural and Metabolic Sciences, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milano, Italy; Dept of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy. Electronic address: c.lombardi@auxologico.it. FIR - Longaretti, Francesca IR - Longaretti F IRAD- Child and Adolescence Neuropsychiatry Service, S. Croce and Carle Hospital, Cuneo, Italy. Electronic address: longaretti.f@ospedale.cuneo.it. FIR - Mattioli, Pietro IR - Mattioli P IRAD- Dept. of Neuroscience (DINOGMI) - Clinical Neurophysiology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Metropolitana, Genoa, Italy. Electronic address: pietro.mattioli@aomliguria.it. FIR - Mattaliano, Paola IR - Mattaliano P IRAD- Center of Sleep Disorders, Department of Cardiovascular, Neural and Metabolic Sciences, Istituto Auxologico Italiano Milan, Italy. Electronic address: p.mattaliano@auxologico.it. FIR - Menna, Elisa IR - Menna E IRAD- South Tyrolean Healthcare Service, Ospedale Centrale di Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy. Electronic address: elisa.menna@sabes.it. FIR - Nobili, Lino IR - Nobili L IRAD- UOC Neuropsichiatria Infantile, IRCCS Istituto G. Gaslini, Italy; DINOGMI, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy. Electronic address: lino.nobili@unige.it. FIR - Pizza, Fabio IR - Pizza F IRAD- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS - Institute of Neurological Science, Bologna, Italy. Electronic address: fabio.pizza@unibo.it. FIR - Placidi, Fabio IR - Placidi F IRAD- Sleep Medicine Centre - Department of Systems Medicine, University Hospital of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy. Electronic address: fabio.placidi@uniroma2.it. FIR - Plazzi, Giuseppe IR - Plazzi G IRAD- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy; IRCCS - Institute of Neurological Science, Bologna, Italy. Electronic address: giuseppe.plazzi@unibo.it. FIR - Podesta, Barbara IR - Podesta B IRAD- Child and Adolescence Neuropsychiatry Service, S. Croce and Carle Hospital, Cuneo, Italy. Electronic address: podesta.b@ospedale.cuneo.it. FIR - Puligheddu, Monica IR - Puligheddu M IRAD- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Interdipartimental Sleep Centre - University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy. Electronic address: puligheddu@unica.it. FIR - Rocchetti, Adele IR - Rocchetti A IRAD- National Center Rare Diseases - Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: adele.rocchetti@iss.it. FIR - Romigi, Andrea IR - Romigi A IRAD- Departmental Faculty of Medicine, IRCCS Neuromed Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo, Pozzilli, IS, Italy; UniCamillus, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: andrea.romigi@neuromed.it. FIR - Savarese, Maria Antonietta IR - Savarese MA IRAD- Centro Dei Disturbi Del Sonno, AOU Policlinico di Bari, Bari, Italy. Electronic address: centrosonno.neurologia@uniba.it. FIR - Silvestri, Rosalia IR - Silvestri R IRAD- Sleep Medicine Center - Neurophysiopathology, AOU "G. Martino", Messina, Italy. Electronic address: rosalia.silvestri@unime.it. FIR - Solbiati, Michela IR - Solbiati M IRAD- Unit of Sleep Medicine and Epilepsy, IRCCS C. Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy. Electronic address: michela.solbiati01@universitadipavia.it. FIR - Terzaghi, Michele IR - Terzaghi M IRAD- Unit of Sleep Medicine and Epilepsy, IRCCS C. Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy. Electronic address: michele.terzaghi@mondino.it. FIR - Torreri, Paola IR - Torreri P IRAD- National Center Rare Diseases - Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: paola.torreri@iss.it. FIR - Veneruso, Marco IR - Veneruso M IRAD- UOC Neuropsichiatria Infantile, IRCCS Istituto G. Gaslini, Italy; DINOGMI, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy. Electronic address: marc.veneruso@gmail.com. FIR - Vignatelli, Luca IR - Vignatelli L IRAD- IRCCS - Institute of Neurological Science, Bologna, Italy. Electronic address: l.vignatelli@ausl.bologna.it. FIR - Zambrelli, Elena IR - Zambrelli E IRAD- Epilepsy Center - Sleep Medicine Center - ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, San Paolo Hospital, Milan, Italy. Electronic address: elena.zambrelli@asst-santipaolocarlo.it. FIR - Zenti, Massimo IR - Zenti M IRAD- Associazione Italiana Narcolettici e Ipersonni (AIN), Florence, Italy. Electronic address: massimo.zenti@gmail.com. EDAT- 2026/05/27 00:30 MHDA- 2026/06/13 06:37 CRDT- 2026/05/26 18:10 PHST- 2026/03/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/13 06:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/27 00:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/26 18:10 [entrez] AID - S1389-9457(26)00260-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.sleep.2026.109021 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Sleep Med. 2026 Sep;145:109021. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2026.109021. Epub 2026 May 18. PMID- 42190145 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260926 IS - 1526-632X (Electronic) IS - 0028-3878 (Print) IS - 0028-3878 (Linking) VI - 106 IP - 12 DP - 2026 Jun 23 TI - A Validated Prognostic Score for Time to Loss of Ambulation in Patients With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. PG - e214705 LID - 10.1212/WNL.0000000000214705 [doi] LID - e214705 AB - BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Development of a prognostic score for time to loss of ambulation (LoA) may help guide treatment of patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Information from clinical data sources was used to create a prognostic score for LoA for use in practice. METHODS: Data used included 4 natural history databases and 3 clinical trial placebo arms. Inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) 6-minute walk distance >/=75 m; (2) a subsequent visit with an outcome assessment that identified LoA; (3) current corticosteroid use; and (4) available data on prognostic factors. Classification and regression tree models for time to LoA were used to classify patients into 5 risk groups (group 5 = highest risk), prioritizing the easily obtained rise from floor (RFF) and 10-m walk/run (10MWR) times as predictors. The prognostic score was validated in the Cooperative International Neuromuscular Research Group data. RESULTS: Data from 608 boys were analyzed (mean age 9.1 years). Kaplan-Meier curves for time to LoA for each risk group were well separated, describing meaningful differences in time to LoA. Median time to LoA for risk group 1 was not reached during a median of 2.0 years of follow-up. Median times to LoA for risk groups 2-5 were 4.4 (95% CI 4.0-inf), 3.0 (2.1-4.1), 2.0 (1.6-2.1), and 0.9 (0.8-1.6) years, respectively. These risk groups showed concordant times to LoA among 226 patients in the validation data and provided finer separation of patients across different levels of LoA risk than thresholds based on individual functional tests. DISCUSSION: Patients with DMD were classified into 5 risk groups for LoA using a simple, easy-to-use prognostic score based on RFF and 10MWR thresholds. The prognostic score replicated well in validation data and performed better than previously proposed classifications used in practice. Incorporating the prognostic score for time to LoA into a clinical visit may allow clinicians to counsel patients on trial eligibility, need for mobility devices, home adjustments, financial accommodations, and psychosocial needs. The prognostic score may also be used in trials to inform inclusion criteria and stratification. Study limitations included limited data for prediction of LoA risk beyond 4 years. FAU - McDonald, Craig M AU - McDonald CM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8779-3220 AD - Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis Health, The Cooperative International Neuromuscular Research Group, Sacramento, CA. FAU - Signorovitch, James AU - Signorovitch J AD - Analysis Group, Inc., Boston, MA. AD - Collaborative Trajectory Analysis Project, Cambridge, MA. FAU - Goemans, Nathalie Marie AU - Goemans NM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5157-7155 AD - Child Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Mercuri, Eugenio AU - Mercuri E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9851-5365 AD - Child Neurology Unit e Centro Nemo, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy. FAU - Gordish-Dressman, Heather AU - Gordish-Dressman H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2330-5427 AD - Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis Health, The Cooperative International Neuromuscular Research Group, Sacramento, CA. AD - Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC. FAU - Vandenborne, Krista AU - Vandenborne K AD - University of Florida, Gainseville, FL. FAU - Sajeev, Gautam AU - Sajeev G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1827-8938 AD - Analysis Group, Inc., Boston, MA. FAU - Ward, Susan J AU - Ward SJ AD - Collaborative Trajectory Analysis Project, Cambridge, MA. FAU - Fillbrunn, Mirko AU - Fillbrunn M AD - Analysis Group, Inc., Boston, MA. FAU - Frean, Molly AU - Frean M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5770-4266 AD - Analysis Group, Inc., Boston, MA. FAU - Servais, Laurent AU - Servais L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9270-4061 AD - MDUK Oxford Neuromuscular Centre, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Center, United Kingdom. AD - Neuromuscular Center of Liege, Division of Paediatrics, CHU and University of Liege, Belgium. FAU - Niks, Erik H AU - Niks EH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5892-5143 AD - Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands. FAU - Straub, Volker AU - Straub V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9046-3540 AD - John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. FAU - De Groot, Imelda J M AU - De Groot IJM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1634-1427 AD - Department of Rehabilitation, Donders Centre of Neuroscience, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, the Netherlands; and. FAU - Muntoni, Francesco AU - Muntoni F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9102-5232 AD - UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health and Biomedical Research Centre, London, United Kingdom. CN - iMDEX, for the PRO-DMD-01 Study, ImagingDMD, CINRG DNHS, and Universitaire Ziekenhuizen Leuven Group LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260526 PL - United States TA - Neurology JT - Neurology JID - 0401060 SB - IM CIN - Neurology. 106:e214882. PMID: 42190149 MH - Humans MH - *Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/diagnosis/physiopathology MH - Male MH - Prognosis MH - *Walking/physiology MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - Time Factors MH - Kaplan-Meier Estimate PMC - PMC13312938 EDAT- 2026/05/26 23:33 MHDA- 2026/05/27 00:30 PMCR- 2026/05/26 CRDT- 2026/05/26 16:02 PHST- 2026/05/27 00:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/26 23:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/26 16:02 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - WNL-2025-204418 [pii] AID - 10.1212/WNL.0000000000214705 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Neurology. 2026 Jun 23;106(12):e214705. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000214705. Epub 2026 May 26. PMID- 42189299 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260729 LR - 20261010 IS - 1573-7373 (Electronic) IS - 0167-594X (Linking) VI - 178 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 26 TI - Role of tumor momentum in neurocognitive deficits among pediatric brainstem glioma prior to treatment: a pilot study. LID - 23 [pii] LID - 10.1007/s11060-026-05644-x [doi] AB - PURPOSE: To investigate the association between tumor momentum indices and pretreatment neurocognitive function in children with brainstem gliomas (BSGs), and to evaluate their prognostic value for overall survival (OS). METHODS: This prospective pilot study enrolled 34 treatment-naive children with histopathologically confirmed BSGs and 30 age-matched healthy controls at Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University. Neurocognitive function was assessed using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fourth Edition (WISC-IV), and emotional-behavioral performance was screened with the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Tumor momentum was characterized by the MRS-derived Cho/Cr ("image momentum") and the Ki-67 proliferative index ("pathological momentum"). Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to evaluate OS. RESULTS: Patients scored significantly lower than controls across all WISC-IV composite scores and subtests (p < 0.001). The Cho/Cr ratio was inversely correlated with verbal comprehension (rho = -0.412, p = 0.015) and independently predicted potential verbal function deficit (OR = 4.281, 95% CI 1.146-15.994, p = 0.031). The Ki-67 index was positively associated with CBCL attention problems in high- versus low-Ki-67 subgroups (p = 0.036). Ki-67 was significantly associated with OS (p = 0.027), whereas neither Cho/Cr nor baseline cognitive status demonstrated prognostic value. CONCLUSION: Our study provides the first direct evidence that treatment-naive children with BSGs harbor significant neurocognitive impairment assessed by a standardized intelligence scale. The Cho/Cr ratio and the Ki-67 index capture complementary dimensions of tumor biology: the former may serve as a non-invasive biomarker for cognitive risk stratification, while the latter retains its established prognostic value for survival. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Mai, Yi-Ying AU - Mai YY AD - Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China. AD - Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, International Neuroscience Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China. FAU - Liu, Zhi-Ming AU - Liu ZM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4030-862X AD - Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China. FAU - Zhou, Hang AU - Zhou H AD - Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China. FAU - Jiang, Kai AU - Jiang K AD - Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China. FAU - Jia, He-Yuan AU - Jia HY AD - School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China. jhy13161190599@163.com. FAU - Zhang, Peng AU - Zhang P AD - Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China. zhangpeng@bjtth.org. FAU - Zhang, Li-Wei AU - Zhang LW AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1919-3765 AD - Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China. zhangliweittyy@163.com. AD - Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China. zhangliweittyy@163.com. LA - eng GR - 2021ZD0200201/Science and Technology Innovation 2030-Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Project of China/ GR - JYY2018-7/Beijing Municipal Public Welfare Development and Reform Pilot Project for Medical Research Institutes/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260526 PL - United States TA - J Neurooncol JT - Journal of neuro-oncology JID - 8309335 RN - 0 (Ki-67 Antigen) RN - 0 (Biomarkers, Tumor) SB - IM MH - Prospective Studies MH - Pilot Projects MH - *Neurocognitive Disorders/epidemiology/etiology MH - *Glioma/metabolism/pathology/psychology MH - *Brain Stem Neoplasms/metabolism/pathology/psychology MH - Prognosis MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Intelligence Tests MH - Ki-67 Antigen/metabolism MH - Neuropsychological Tests MH - Risk Factors MH - *Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism MH - *Tumor Burden/physiology MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Predictive Value of Tests OTO - NOTNLM OT - Brainstem glioma OT - Ki-67 OT - Magnetic resonance spectroscopy OT - Neurocognitive deficit OT - Tumor momentum COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University (KY 2020-087-02). Consent to participate: Informed consent was obtained from all participants and their legal guardians included in the study. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/26 17:42 MHDA- 2026/05/26 23:33 CRDT- 2026/05/26 11:18 PHST- 2026/03/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/26 23:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/26 17:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/26 11:18 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s11060-026-05644-x [pii] AID - 10.1007/s11060-026-05644-x [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Neurooncol. 2026 May 26;178(1):23. doi: 10.1007/s11060-026-05644-x. PMID- 42189092 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260730 LR - 20260730 IS - 2153-2176 (Electronic) IS - 2153-2168 (Linking) VI - 22 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Sep TI - A Qualitative Assessment of Preoperative Educational Needs Among Adolescent Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Patients and Parents or Guardians. PG - 359-366 LID - 10.1177/21532176261453154 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is a safe and effective treatment option for adolescents with severe obesity; however, some health care providers are hesitant to refer adolescents due to concerns regarding decisional capacity. Structured educational materials provided prior to MBS have the potential to improve informed decision-making. The objective of this study was to characterize topics that may not be adequately addressed in existing structured educational materials for adolescents seeking MBS. METHODS: Semi-structured, qualitative interviews were conducted with adolescents who had undergone MBS and with parents or guardians of postoperative adolescents. Thematic saturation was assessed by considering properties from a base number of interviews (n = 7) and a run length (n = 2). Interrater reliability was established at the theme level. An adolescent citizen scientist was approached to provide feedback on the codebook. RESULTS: In total, six adolescents and six parents or guardians diverse in race and ethnicity were interviewed. For adolescents, the average age at the time of the procedure was 16 years (standard deviation = 2.37). Most participants (n = 5) underwent vertical sleeve gastrectomy. Five key themes were identified that provide additional information on the preferred format of delivery (interactive materials, teen-specific materials) and topics that may not be adequately addressed (physical aspects of surgery, psychosocial well-being, and specific resources for parents or guardians). CONCLUSIONS: This current study identified gaps in the format of delivery and topics covered in structured preoperative educational materials. Future work should determine if these gaps are widespread across accredited MBS centers. Furthermore, the development of additional materials should be considered. FAU - Heeren, Faith Anne N AU - Heeren FAN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6819-8258 AD - Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA. FAU - Bylund, Carma L AU - Bylund CL AD - Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA. FAU - Menon, Sarada AU - Menon S AD - College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA. FAU - Dwaram, Nehal AU - Dwaram N AD - Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA. FAU - Gilbert, Ashton AU - Gilbert A AD - Cauble School of Nursing and Health Sciences, Reinhardt University, Waleska, Georgia, USA. FAU - Lemas, Dominick J AU - Lemas DJ AD - Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA. FAU - Ayzengart, Alexander AU - Ayzengart A AD - Department of Surgery, Renown Health, Reno, Nevada, USA. FAU - Janicke, David AU - Janicke D AD - Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida College of Public Health and Health Professions, Gainesville, Florida, USA. FAU - Cardel, Michelle I AU - Cardel MI AD - Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA. AD - WW International Inc., New York, New York, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260526 PL - United States TA - Child Obes JT - Childhood obesity (Print) JID - 101542497 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Bariatric Surgery MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - *Parents/education/psychology MH - Male MH - *Patient Education as Topic/methods MH - *Pediatric Obesity/surgery/psychology MH - Qualitative Research MH - *Preoperative Care MH - *Needs Assessment MH - *Obesity, Morbid/surgery OTO - NOTNLM OT - clinical counseling OT - community-engaged OT - patient-centered care OT - shared-decision making COIS- Author Disclosure StatementF.A.N.H. reports serving on the Obesity Society's Finance Committee, consulting fees from WW, receiving an honorarium for speaking from the American Academy of Pediatrics, institutional support for travel, and membership on the Obesity Action Coalition's Membership and Access to Care committees, outside the scope of the submitted work. M.I.C. is a shareholder and employee of WW International Inc. EDAT- 2026/05/26 17:41 MHDA- 2026/07/30 06:41 CRDT- 2026/05/26 10:52 PHST- 2026/07/30 06:41 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/26 17:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/26 10:52 [entrez] AID - 10.1177/21532176261453154 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Child Obes. 2026 Sep;22(6):359-366. doi: 10.1177/21532176261453154. Epub 2026 May 26. PMID- 42189046 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260703 LR - 20260929 IS - 2153-2176 (Electronic) IS - 2153-2168 (Linking) VI - 22 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Interactive Text Messaging to Promote Responsive Bottle-Feeding Among Mothers of Infants Enrolled in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children: A 12-Week Randomized Attention Control Trial. PG - 320-333 LID - 10.1177/21532176261450308 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Responsive feeding supports healthy growth and may reduce obesity risk, yet bottle-feeding can promote nonresponsive feeding practices such as pressuring infants to finish their bottle. Because the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) serves many U.S. infants and bottle-feeding is common, scalable strategies are needed. We tested feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of GrowWell, an automated text-messaging program to support responsive bottle-feeding. METHODS: We conducted a 12-week randomized attention-control trial among mothers of bottle-fed infants /=80% agreement across items), with consistently higher ratings in the intervention group. Overall changes in IFSQ scores did not differ between groups (n = 58, 31 intervention, 27 control); however, within-group analyses showed reductions in pressuring to finish (p = 0.012) and pressuring to soothe (p = 0.002) among intervention participants at 12 weeks. Exploratory interaction analyses suggested heterogeneity by select sociodemographic characteristics. Interviews among intervention participants (n = 16) indicated high satisfaction, increased awareness of cues, and adoption of responsive practices. CONCLUSIONS: GrowWell was feasible and highly acceptable, with promising preliminary signals for reducing pressuring bottle-feeding practices. FAU - Kay, Melissa C AU - Kay MC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9695-3126 AD - Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA. FAU - Richardson, Taylor N AU - Richardson TN AD - College of Nursing, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA. FAU - Bell, Lucy AU - Bell L AD - Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA. FAU - Shelton, Sarah M AU - Shelton SM AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-2517-1722 AD - Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA. FAU - Wasser, Heather AU - Wasser H AD - University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. LA - eng GR - KL2 TR002554/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20260526 PL - United States TA - Child Obes JT - Childhood obesity (Print) JID - 101542497 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Infant MH - *Bottle Feeding/statistics & numerical data/psychology MH - *Text Messaging MH - *Mothers/psychology/education MH - *Food Assistance MH - Adult MH - Male MH - Infant, Newborn MH - *Health Promotion/methods MH - United States MH - Feasibility Studies MH - Feeding Behavior MH - Pediatric Obesity/prevention & control OTO - NOTNLM OT - WIC OT - bottle-feeding OT - responsive feeding OT - text messaging COIS- Author Disclosure StatementThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. EDAT- 2026/05/26 17:41 MHDA- 2026/07/03 22:38 CRDT- 2026/05/26 10:33 PHST- 2026/07/03 22:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/26 17:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/26 10:33 [entrez] AID - 10.1177/21532176261450308 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Child Obes. 2026 Jul;22(5):320-333. doi: 10.1177/21532176261450308. Epub 2026 May 26. PMID- 42188566 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260526 LR - 20260813 IS - 2075-4663 (Electronic) IS - 2075-4663 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 5 DP - 2026 May 6 TI - Preliminary Evidence of Motor Outcomes in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Following Equine-Assisted Therapy and Dual-Task Training: A Pilot Study. LID - 10.3390/sports14050190 [doi] LID - 190 AB - BACKGROUND: Equine-assisted therapy (EAT) is a supportive intervention for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). AIM: This pilot study evaluated the feasibility of a cognitive-motor EAT intervention to explore its preliminary effects on motor coordination in children with ASD. METHODS: A single-group pre-test-post-test design was adopted. Twelve children (mean age: 10.08 +/- 1.51 years; ASD level 1-2) participated in a 16-week EAT program. The intervention integrated EAT with cognitive dual-task activities targeting attention and perceptual processing. Motor performance was assessed before and after the intervention using the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (MABC-2). RESULTS: The RM-ANOVA examined pre-post changes. A significant improvement in the MABC-2 Total Test Score was observed (p = 0.036; etap(2) = 0.34; 95% CI [0.541, 13.792]), indicating a trend of improvement of global motor coordination. No significant improvements were observed in Manual Dexterity, Aiming and Catching, and Balance subscale scores. CONCLUSIONS: A cognitively enriched EAT program promoted improvements in overall motor competence in ASD children, even without measurable changes in specific motor skills. The intervention was feasible and well-tolerated, with high adherence and no adverse events. These preliminary findings support the feasibility and potential value of integrating cognitive-motor demands into EAT and provide a rationale for larger randomized controlled studies. FAU - Della Valle, Carlo AU - Della Valle C AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-5345-0045 AD - Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, 37314 Verona, Italy. AD - Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy. FAU - Di Martino, Giulia AU - Di Martino G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1468-7491 AD - Department of Human Sciences, Guglielmo Marconi University, 00193 Rome, Italy. FAU - Melis, Alessio AU - Melis A AD - Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy. FAU - Persichini, Lorenzo AU - Persichini L AD - Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", 00135 Rome, Italy. FAU - De Santis Del Tavano, Chiara AU - De Santis Del Tavano C AD - ASD Sociale "Il Giardino di Filippo-Agriland", 01100 Viterbo, Italy. FAU - Cerulli, Claudia AU - Cerulli C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2637-7968 AD - Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", 00135 Rome, Italy. FAU - Fiorilli, Giovanni AU - Fiorilli G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3786-7818 AD - Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy. FAU - Calcagno, Giuseppe AU - Calcagno G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4680-1535 AD - Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy. FAU - Iuliano, Enzo AU - Iuliano E AD - Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, eCampus University, 22060 Novedrate, Italy. FAU - di Cagno, Alessandra AU - di Cagno A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4517-3100 AD - Department of Human Sciences, Guglielmo Marconi University, 00193 Rome, Italy. AD - Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", 00135 Rome, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260506 PL - Switzerland TA - Sports (Basel) JT - Sports (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101722684 PMC - PMC13210957 OTO - NOTNLM OT - autism OT - cognitive-motor intervention OT - executive function OT - hippotherapy OT - motor skills OT - physical activity COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/26 17:41 MHDA- 2026/05/26 17:42 PMCR- 2026/05/06 CRDT- 2026/05/26 09:53 PHST- 2026/02/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/26 17:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/26 17:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/26 09:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - sports14050190 [pii] AID - sports-14-00190 [pii] AID - 10.3390/sports14050190 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sports (Basel). 2026 May 6;14(5):190. doi: 10.3390/sports14050190. PMID- 42188554 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260526 LR - 20260813 IS - 2075-4663 (Electronic) IS - 2075-4663 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Apr 29 TI - Construction and Validation of a Specific Balance Test for Rhythmic Gymnasts: A Pilot Study. LID - 10.3390/sports14050178 [doi] LID - 178 AB - BACKGROUND: Balance is a key ability in rhythmic gymnastics, affecting not only technical performance but also the aesthetic and expressive quality of routines. Standard tests often do not reflect the real demands of the sport, where gymnasts must simultaneously maintain stability, manipulate apparatus, and follow the musical rhythm. Therefore, there is a need for a specific test that combines motor and cognitive challenges to provide a precise and reliable assessment of athletes' functional abilities. METHODS: The study involved 12 girls with an average age of 9 years. Participants underwent anthropometric measurements and were tested using standard motor tests as well as a specific balance test for rhythmic gymnasts (BTRG). Test reliability was assessed using a test-retest procedure, and construct validity was evaluated through factor analysis in comparison with existing balance tests. RESULTS: The BTRG demonstrated high reliability (ICC = 0.96; CV = 6.4%; SEM = 0.18) and the ability to distinguish gymnasts from different programs. Factor analysis confirmed that the BTRG effectively measures specific balance in accordance with theoretical expectations. CONCLUSIONS: The new test provides a potentially valid and reliable tool for assessing specific balance in rhythmic gymnasts and maybe useful in the training process, athlete evaluation, and talent development; however, these finding should be interpreted with caution as they are preliminary and derived from pilot study. FAU - Stojkovic, Rebeka AU - Stojkovic R AD - Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Josip Juraj Strossmayer in Osijek, Drinska 16a, 31000 Osijek, Croatia. FAU - Peric, Ivan AU - Peric I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4897-0925 AD - Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Josip Juraj Strossmayer in Osijek, Drinska 16a, 31000 Osijek, Croatia. FAU - Tomac, Zvonimir AU - Tomac Z AD - Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Josip Juraj Strossmayer in Osijek, Drinska 16a, 31000 Osijek, Croatia. FAU - Ajman, Hrvoje AU - Ajman H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3663-4008 AD - Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Josip Juraj Strossmayer in Osijek, Drinska 16a, 31000 Osijek, Croatia. FAU - Spoljaric, Zoran AU - Spoljaric Z AD - Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Josip Juraj Strossmayer in Osijek, Drinska 16a, 31000 Osijek, Croatia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260429 PL - Switzerland TA - Sports (Basel) JT - Sports (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101722684 PMC - PMC13210542 OTO - NOTNLM OT - balance assessment OT - construct validity OT - reliability OT - rhythmic gymnastics OT - sport-specific testing COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/26 17:42 MHDA- 2026/05/26 17:43 PMCR- 2026/04/29 CRDT- 2026/05/26 09:53 PHST- 2026/03/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/26 17:43 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/26 17:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/26 09:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - sports14050178 [pii] AID - sports-14-00178 [pii] AID - 10.3390/sports14050178 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sports (Basel). 2026 Apr 29;14(5):178. doi: 10.3390/sports14050178. PMID- 42188085 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260526 LR - 20260813 IS - 2308-3425 (Electronic) IS - 2308-3425 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 5 DP - 2026 May 7 TI - The FOOTLOOSE App: Evaluation of a Gamified App-Based Exercise Intervention for Children and Adolescents with Congenital Heart Disease-A Mixed-Methods Feasibility Study. LID - 10.3390/jcdd13050199 [doi] LID - 199 AB - BACKGROUND: A physically active lifestyle is crucial for long-term cardiovascular health; however, access to supervised exercise programs for children and adolescents with congenital heart disease (CHD) remains limited. Although prior digital exercise interventions for this population have demonstrated safety and feasibility, adherence has often been low. Mobile health approaches integrating gamification may enhance motivation and engagement, particularly among young "digital natives." FOOTLOOSE is an app-based home exercise program developed specifically for children and adolescents with CHD. This study aimed to evaluate user experience, usability, and perceived impact using a multimethod approach. METHODS: Children and adolescents aged 10-18 years with simple, moderate, or complex CHD were recruited between July and December 2025 mainly during routine outpatient visits at the TUM Klinikum Deutsches Herzzentrum. Participants used the FOOTLOOSE app in their daily lives over a two-week period. Evaluation included semi-structured qualitative interviews and standardized questionnaires assessing physical activity self-efficacy, enjoyment of physical activity (PACES-S), user experience (UEQ), and health-related quality of life (KINDL((R))). Interviews were conducted digitally, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using qualitative content analysis according to Kuckartz until thematic saturation was reached. RESULTS: A total of 22 participants (mean age 13.4 +/- 2.3 years; 54.5% female) were included. Overall, the FOOTLOOSE app was perceived positively, with participants highlighting enjoyment, intuitive usability, and personalized workout creation. Participants contributed diverse and creative suggestions for further app development, particularly regarding more advanced gamification features (e.g., games or rankings). Most participants reported self-perceived increase in physical activity during the intervention period (n = 15). UEQ scores (mean +/- SD) were as follows: attractiveness (1.3 +/- 0.8), perspicuity (1.7 +/- 1.1), efficiency (1.2 +/- 0.9), dependability (1.4 +/- 0.7), stimulation (1.0 +/- 1.1), and novelty (0.6 +/- 1.0). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates the feasibility and user acceptance of a gamified, app-based home exercise program for children and adolescents with CHD. User-centered feedback highlights important directions for iterative refinement, particularly regarding age-appropriate and engaging gamification elements. These findings provide a foundation for future studies evaluating long-term engagement and effectiveness in larger samples. FAU - Schoneburg, Charlotte AU - Schoneburg C AD - Institute of Preventive Pediatrics, Technische Universitat Munchen, 80809 Munchen, Germany. AD - Department of Congenital Heart Disease and Pediatric Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum Munchen, Technische Universitat Munchen, 80636 Munchen, Germany. FAU - Uphoff, Isabel AU - Uphoff I AD - Department of Congenital Heart Disease and Pediatric Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum Munchen, Technische Universitat Munchen, 80636 Munchen, Germany. FAU - Thussbas, Anna AU - Thussbas A AD - Institute of Preventive Pediatrics, Technische Universitat Munchen, 80809 Munchen, Germany. FAU - Willinger, Laura AU - Willinger L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8577-4480 AD - Institute of Preventive Pediatrics, Technische Universitat Munchen, 80809 Munchen, Germany. FAU - Oberhoffer, Renate AU - Oberhoffer R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3166-0488 AD - Institute of Preventive Pediatrics, Technische Universitat Munchen, 80809 Munchen, Germany. AD - Department of Congenital Heart Disease and Pediatric Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum Munchen, Technische Universitat Munchen, 80636 Munchen, Germany. FAU - Ewert, Peter AU - Ewert P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0253-1190 AD - Department of Congenital Heart Disease and Pediatric Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum Munchen, Technische Universitat Munchen, 80636 Munchen, Germany. FAU - Muller, Jan AU - Muller J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7530-2025 AD - Institute of Preventive Pediatrics, Technische Universitat Munchen, 80809 Munchen, Germany. LA - eng GR - no number/kinderherzen Fordergemeinschaft Deutsche Kinderherzzentren e.V./ GR - no number/Anneliese Pfannenberg-Stiftung/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260507 PL - Switzerland TA - J Cardiovasc Dev Dis JT - Journal of cardiovascular development and disease JID - 101651414 PMC - PMC13207293 OTO - NOTNLM OT - congenital heart disease OT - gamification OT - health promotion OT - mobile health OT - pediatric cardiology COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2026/05/26 17:41 MHDA- 2026/05/26 17:42 PMCR- 2026/05/07 CRDT- 2026/05/26 09:44 PHST- 2026/04/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/26 17:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/26 17:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/26 09:44 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jcdd13050199 [pii] AID - jcdd-13-00199 [pii] AID - 10.3390/jcdd13050199 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Cardiovasc Dev Dis. 2026 May 7;13(5):199. doi: 10.3390/jcdd13050199. PMID- 42187309 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260909 LR - 20260915 IS - 1539-2570 (Electronic) IS - 0271-6798 (Linking) VI - 46 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Oct 1 TI - Sports Participation Among Children and Adolescents Following Treatment With the Ponseti Method for Idiopathic Clubfoot: A Multicenter Survey Study. PG - e836-e841 LID - 10.1097/BPO.0000000000003323 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Idiopathic clubfoot is a complex congenital foot and ankle anomaly commonly treated with the Ponseti method. While gross motor function and activity level are similar in children with clubfoot treated with this method compared with children without clubfoot, data are lacking on sports participation following this treatment. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of sports participation among children with idiopathic clubfoot treated with the Ponseti method. METHODS: This was a multicenter retrospective cross-sectional study. Patients aged 5 to 17 years were included if they had been diagnosed with idiopathic clubfoot and treated with the Ponseti method during infancy. Parents of subjects were asked to complete a 1-time REDCap survey that included basic demographic questions, 2 validated activity scores (PROMIS Physical Activity Short Form and PACE+), and questions relating to sports participation. The comparison group consisted of the siblings of patients with clubfoot. RESULTS: One hundred fifty-one patients with clubfoot and 45 siblings without clubfoot were included from 4 institutions. In the clubfoot group, 72.2% of participants were male compared with 60% in the sibling group ( P =0.12). Median PROMIS-PA t-scores were 53.3 [interquartile range (IQR) 8.6] and 56.3 (IQR 13.2) in the clubfoot and sibling groups, respectively ( P =0.016). The median PACE+ scores were 4 (IQR 3.5) in the clubfoot group and 4.75 (IQR 2.75) ( P =0.261) in the sibling group. Sports participation was reported in 120 (79.5%) patients with clubfoot and 43 siblings (95.6%) ( P =0.006). Soccer, baseball, basketball, football, and swimming were the most commonly played sports in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Children treated for idiopathic clubfoot with the Ponseti method remain active and participate in sports similar to their siblings. Further prospective studies examining sports participation and injury prevalence are needed to better understand long-term clinical and functional outcomes in patients treated with the Ponseti method for idiopathic clubfoot. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Wolters Kluwer Health, LLC. All rights reserved. FAU - Weihe, James AU - Weihe J AD - Children's Mercy Kansas, Kansas City, MO. FAU - Bent, Melissa AU - Bent M AD - Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA. FAU - Kent, Lindsey AU - Kent L AD - Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Medical College of Wisconsin Affiliated Hospitals. FAU - Padilla, Abigail AU - Padilla A AD - Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA. FAU - Margherio, Shannon AU - Margherio S AD - Children's Mercy Kansas, Kansas City, MO. FAU - Carl, Rebecca AU - Carl R AD - Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL. FAU - Masrouha, Karim AU - Masrouha K AD - NYU Langone Orthopaedic Hospital, New York, NY. FAU - Lang, Pamela AU - Lang P AD - Shriners Children's Hospital, Twin Cities, Woodbury. FAU - Nemeth, Blaise AU - Nemeth B AD - Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI. FAU - Stork, Natalie AU - Stork N AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Gillette Children's Hospital, St. Paul, MN. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study DEP - 20260526 PL - United States TA - J Pediatr Orthop JT - Journal of pediatric orthopedics JID - 8109053 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Clubfoot/surgery/therapy MH - Child MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Male MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Sports/statistics & numerical data MH - Casts, Surgical MH - Treatment Outcome MH - Surveys and Questionnaires OTO - NOTNLM OT - Ponseti method OT - clubfoot OT - sports participation COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/26 17:41 MHDA- 2026/09/09 11:38 CRDT- 2026/05/26 09:13 PHST- 2025/10/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/09 11:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/26 17:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/26 09:13 [entrez] AID - 01241398-990000000-01179 [pii] AID - 10.1097/BPO.0000000000003323 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Pediatr Orthop. 2026 Oct 1;46(9):e836-e841. doi: 10.1097/BPO.0000000000003323. Epub 2026 May 26. PMID- 42187247 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260526 IS - 2047-945X (Electronic) IS - 0260-1060 (Linking) DP - 2026 May 26 TI - Parents' perception of child's weight status, key to dietary habits' shaping: An epidemiological study. PG - 2601060261444653 LID - 10.1177/02601060261444653 [doi] AB - BackgroundDietary habits are one of the main factors in the prevention of chronic diseases, starting in childhood.AimThe present study investigated the possibility of an association between parents' perception of their children's body weight and their daily macronutrients and energy intakes.MethodsThe study sample consisted of 1073 parent-child pairs in Greece, with a mean age of the latter 11.18 +/- 0.818 years. The body mass index of children was calculated using weight and height, and classified using the cut-off criteria established by the World Obesity Federation. Dietary habits were evaluated with the semi-quantitative validated food frequency questionnaire, containing 21 items. Parental body weight perception of children determined by a researcher-made questionnaire. After anthropometric assessment, children were classified into two categories (normal vs. overweight/obesity).ResultsTwo hundred sixty-two children (24.4%) were living with an increased body weight. However, only 52.3% of the parents stated that they were aware of the fact, with the remaining percentage considering the weight as normal. Linear regression analysis showed a statistically significant correlation only between the parents' perception and the children's protein and fat intake (p = 0.021 and 0.015, respectively), an association that remained after the inclusion of confounding factors (p = 0.016 and p = 0.016, respectively).ConclusionParents' perceptions of their child's weight status appear to influence their child's dietary intake. Recognizing the existence of this relationship provides the impetus for reshaping children's diets and preventing childhood obesity. FAU - Kokkou, Stamatia AU - Kokkou S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0717-3222 AD - Department of Public and Community Health, Laboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece. RINGGOLD: 607347 FAU - Kanellopoulou, Aikaterini AU - Kanellopoulou A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4766-6040 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece. RINGGOLD: 68996 FAU - Antonogeorgos, George AU - Antonogeorgos G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0515-7256 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece. RINGGOLD: 68996 FAU - Rojas-Gil, Andrea Paola AU - Rojas-Gil AP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9812-2131 AD - Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Peloponnese, Tripoli, Greece. FAU - Kornilaki, Ekaterina N AU - Kornilaki EN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1723-7453 AD - Department of Preschool Education, School of Education, University of Crete, Rethimno, Greece. FAU - Lagiou, Areti AU - Lagiou A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6687-358X AD - Department of Public and Community Health, Laboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece. RINGGOLD: 607347 FAU - Panagiotakos, Demosthenes AU - Panagiotakos D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8583-153X AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece. RINGGOLD: 68996 FAU - Notara, Venetia AU - Notara V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4080-8392 AD - Department of Public and Community Health, Laboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece. RINGGOLD: 607347 LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260526 PL - England TA - Nutr Health JT - Nutrition and health JID - 8306569 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Children OT - body weight OT - overweight/obesity OT - parents OT - weight perception EDAT- 2026/05/26 17:41 MHDA- 2026/05/26 17:41 CRDT- 2026/05/26 09:03 PHST- 2026/05/26 17:41 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/26 17:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/26 09:03 [entrez] AID - 10.1177/02601060261444653 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Nutr Health. 2026 May 26:2601060261444653. doi: 10.1177/02601060261444653. PMID- 42187188 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260922 IS - 2314-6141 (Electronic) IS - 2314-6133 (Print) VI - 2026 IP - 1 DP - 2026 TI - Differential Effects of Individually Adapted Challenge-Oriented Heidelberg Ballschule Activities Versus Static Version on Motor Competence and Affective Engagement in 9-11-Year-Old Female Children. PG - e5244454 LID - 10.1155/bmri/5244454 [doi] LID - 5244454 AB - The widespread decline in motor competence and habitual physical activity (PA) among children underscores the need for innovative, intrinsically motivating pedagogical interventions. This quasiexperimental study examined the differential effects of two variants of the Heidelberg Ballschule program-one featuring individually adapted, challenge-oriented progression aligned with participants' optimal challenge points, and the other using static, nonprogressive tasks-on motor competence, affective engagement (enjoyment of PA), and weekly PA levels in 9-11-year-old female children in Kermanshah, Iran. Thirty girls aged 9-11 years were randomly assigned to either the challenge-oriented group (n = 15) or the static group (n = 15). Both groups engaged in Heidelberg Ballschule ball activities for 8 weeks (three sessions/week, 45-60 min/session). Motor competence was assessed pre- and postintervention using a standardized tool (e.g., Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency), affective engagement via a validated enjoyment questionnaire, and PA levels throughout the intervention period via self-report (Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children [PAQ-C]). Results indicated that the challenge-oriented group significantly outperformed the static group in overall motor competence (including gross and fine motor components), reported higher levels of affective engagement/enjoyment during PA, and exhibited greater weekly PA levels. These findings provide preliminary evidence that individually adapted, challenge-oriented Heidelberg Ballschule activities-grounded in the challenge point framework-effectively enhance motor competence, foster positive affective responses to PA, and promote increased PA participation in preadolescent girls. Such approaches hold promise for integration into school-based physical education programs to address motor and activity deficits. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Neda Mohammad Veysi et al. BioMed Research International published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Veysi, Neda Mohammad AU - Veysi NM AD - Department of Motor Behaviour, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran, razi.ac.ir. FAU - Sabaghi, Ayoob AU - Sabaghi A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5599-1986 AD - Department of Motor Behaviour, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran, razi.ac.ir. FAU - Ebrahimi, Behrooz AU - Ebrahimi B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1250-3313 AD - Department of Motor Behaviour, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran, razi.ac.ir. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Biomed Res Int JT - BioMed research international JID - 101600173 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Female MH - *Motor Skills/physiology MH - *Exercise/physiology MH - *Affect/physiology MH - Iran PMC - PMC13202726 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Heidelberg Ballschule OT - affective engagement OT - challenge point framework OT - motor competence OT - physical activity OT - preadolescent girls COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/26 17:41 MHDA- 2026/05/26 23:33 PMCR- 2026/05/26 CRDT- 2026/05/26 08:33 PHST- 2025/12/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/11/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/26 23:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/26 17:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/26 08:33 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - BMRI5244454 [pii] AID - 10.1155/bmri/5244454 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Biomed Res Int. 2026;2026(1):e5244454. doi: 10.1155/bmri/5244454. PMID- 42186028 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260730 LR - 20260813 IS - 1475-2891 (Electronic) IS - 1475-2891 (Linking) VI - 25 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 25 TI - Gut microbiota and western dietary patterns associated with behavioral problems in children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study. LID - 10.1186/s12937-026-01335-5 [doi] LID - 80 AB - BACKGROUND: Childhood and adolescence are crucial periods for brain development, during which multiple environmental factors, including gut microbiota and dietary habits, play important roles. However, the combined impact of those factors on neurodevelopment and mental disease risk remains largely unexplored. Here, we aimed to investigate the relationships between gut microbiota and diet and their role in classifying behavioral problems that may precede mental disorders in children and adolescents. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional study, including data from 335 subjects, including 202 children (5-10 years) and 133 adolescents (11-17 years). Gut microbiota was analysed in stools by shotgun metagenomics. Dietary habits, lifestyle factors and emotional and behavioral difficulties were screened using validated questionnaires. Penalized Logistic Regression models were trained to classify individuals into Healthy and Behavioral Problem groups based on microbial diversity, differential abundance of bacterial species, dietary patterns, and food and nutrient intakes. Mediation analyses were applied to assess whether gut microbiota mediates the effect of diet on behavioral problems. RESULTS: A Western diet characterized by poor adherence to dietary recommendations was consistently associated with behavioral problems in all age groups. Individuals with behavioral problems exhibited distinct gut microbiota profiles characterized by lower levels of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria (particularly butyrate-producing species) and higher levels of potential pathogens (e.g., Campylobacter coli and Lautropia mirabilis), linked to poor dietary choices. Furthermore, we evidenced the mediation role of the gut microbiota in the association between dietary patterns and food groups and behavioral problems. In adolescents, L. mirabilis was identified as a mediator of the relationship between a Western diet and behavioral problems, while Anaerostipes rhamnosivorans mediated the relationship between fish consumption and behavioral problems. Gut microbiota data enhanced the classification accuracy of logistic regression models for identifying individuals with behavioral problems over models based solely on dietary data. CONCLUSION: Integrating dietary habits and gut microbiota data enables more accurate stratification of children and adolescents at risk for behavioral problems. Our findings may help to refine dietary interventions targeting the gut microbiota to improve mental health outcomes in these vulnerable populations. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Larroya, A AU - Larroya A AD - Microbiome Innovation in Nutrition & Health, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Avda. Agustin Escardino, 7, Valencia, Paterna, 46980, Spain. FAU - Romera-Giner, S AU - Romera-Giner S AD - Microbiome Innovation in Nutrition & Health, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Avda. Agustin Escardino, 7, Valencia, Paterna, 46980, Spain. FAU - Tolosa-Enguis, V AU - Tolosa-Enguis V AD - Microbiome Innovation in Nutrition & Health, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Avda. Agustin Escardino, 7, Valencia, Paterna, 46980, Spain. FAU - Rodriguez-Ruano, S M AU - Rodriguez-Ruano SM AD - Microbiome Innovation in Nutrition & Health, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Avda. Agustin Escardino, 7, Valencia, Paterna, 46980, Spain. FAU - Andres-Garcia, S AU - Andres-Garcia S AD - Neurological Rehabilitation Center, Limbic, Valencia, 46015, Spain. FAU - Soro-Conde, I AU - Soro-Conde I AD - Neurological Rehabilitation Center, Limbic, Valencia, 46015, Spain. FAU - Codoner, P AU - Codoner P AD - Deparment of Pediatrics, Dr. Peset University Hospital, Avd. De Gaspar Aguilar, 80, Valencia, 46017, Spain. AD - Deparment of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. FAU - Sanz, Y AU - Sanz Y AD - Microbiome Innovation in Nutrition & Health, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Avda. Agustin Escardino, 7, Valencia, Paterna, 46980, Spain. yolsanz@iata.csic.es. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260525 PL - England TA - Nutr J JT - Nutrition journal JID - 101152213 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Gastrointestinal Microbiome/physiology MH - *Diet, Western/adverse effects MH - Child, Preschool MH - Feces/microbiology MH - Feeding Behavior MH - *Problem Behavior PMC - PMC13412121 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Behavior OT - Fibers OT - Gut-brain axis OT - Microbiota OT - Short-chain fatty acids OT - Western diet COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical approval was obtained from the Medical Ethical Committee of Hospital Dr Peset in Valencia (approval number 131/20). The study was conducted following the code of ethics of the World Medical Association (Declaration of Helsinki) and ensuring data protection. All parents of children and adolescents provided written informed consent. In addition, participants over 12 years of age also provided their consent. Clinical trial number not applicable. STROBE recommendations were followed for data reporting. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/26 06:31 MHDA- 2026/07/30 12:42 PMCR- 2026/05/25 CRDT- 2026/05/26 00:06 PHST- 2025/05/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/30 12:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/26 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/26 00:06 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12937-026-01335-5 [pii] AID - 1335 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12937-026-01335-5 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutr J. 2026 May 25;25(1):80. doi: 10.1186/s12937-026-01335-5. PMID- 42185601 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260803 LR - 20260828 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 25 TI - Sonographic evaluation of fetal abdominal subcutaneous tissue in pregnancies complicated by gestational and type 1 diabetes mellitus. LID - 10.1038/s41598-026-54402-6 [doi] LID - 23825 AB - To perform a comparative analysis of fetal abdominal fat mass (AFM) thickness in women diagnosed with gestational (GDM) and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), and to evaluate the efficacy of the ultrasonographic AFM measurement in the estimation of the fetal birth-weight (FBW) and prediction of fetal macrosomia. A total of 245 participants were recruited for this prospective observational cohort study, including women with diet-controlled GDM (GDMG1) (n = 50), insulin-controlled GDM (GDMG2) (n = 50), T1DM (n = 50) as well as non-diabetic control patients (n = 95). In each participant measurements of the AFM in conjunction with the standard fetal biometric parameters were performed within the 72 h period prior to delivery. Fetal macrosomia was defined as birth-weight >/= 4000 g irrespective of gestational age. After adjustment for confounding factors, median AFM and abdominal circumference (AC) measurements as well as the FBW were significantly higher among patients with T1DM as compared to other groups (p < 0.05). In each group both AFM and AC measurements showed strong positive correlations with the FBW (p < 0.001). Two new models comprising maternal (body mass index) and/or ultrasound-derived parameters (biparietal diameter, AC, AFM) for the FBW estimation were constructed. Both equations provided significantly lower mean absolute percent error among GDMG1 and T1DM women as compared to the Hadlock formula (p < 0.05). In addition novel equation for the prediction of fetal macrosomia, utilizing both AC and AFM measurements, yielded sensitivity of 84.8%, specificity 91.9%, positive predictive value 62.2% and negative predictive value of 97.5% within the total study population. In women with GDM/T1DM, the incorporation of the AFM measurement into equations for the FBW estimation provided better accuracy compared to standard formulas and increased the detection of fetal macrosomia. Further validation in large-scale multicenter studies is necessary prior to clinical implementation. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Sliwka, Aleksandra AU - Sliwka A AD - 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw, Starynkiewicza Sq. 1/3, 02-015, Warsaw, Poland. FAU - Makowska, Katarzyna AU - Makowska K AD - 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw, Starynkiewicza Sq. 1/3, 02-015, Warsaw, Poland. FAU - Litwinska-Korcz, Ewelina AU - Litwinska-Korcz E AD - 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw, Starynkiewicza Sq. 1/3, 02-015, Warsaw, Poland. FAU - Litwinska, Magdalena AU - Litwinska M AD - 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw, Starynkiewicza Sq. 1/3, 02-015, Warsaw, Poland. FAU - Stanirowski, Pawel Jan AU - Stanirowski PJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7445-7546 AD - 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw, Starynkiewicza Sq. 1/3, 02-015, Warsaw, Poland. stanirowski@gmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260525 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/diagnostic imaging/complications MH - Adult MH - *Fetal Macrosomia/diagnostic imaging MH - *Ultrasonography, Prenatal/methods MH - *Diabetes, Gestational/diagnostic imaging MH - Birth Weight MH - Prospective Studies MH - *Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal/diagnostic imaging MH - *Fetus/diagnostic imaging MH - Infant, Newborn PMC - PMC13434002 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Fetal abdominal subcutaneous tissue OT - Fetal birth-weight OT - Fetal macrosomia OT - Fetal soft-tissue OT - Gestational diabetes mellitus OT - Type 1 diabetes mellitus OT - Ultrasound COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki Ethical Principles and Good Clinical Practices. The Local Ethics Committee of the Medical University of Warsaw approved the study, and all participants signed their written informed consent (ref no. KB/36/2022). Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/26 00:29 MHDA- 2026/08/04 00:35 PMCR- 2026/05/25 CRDT- 2026/05/25 23:29 PHST- 2025/10/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/04 00:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/26 00:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/25 23:29 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-54402-6 [pii] AID - 54402 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-54402-6 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2026 May 25;16(1):23825. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-54402-6. PMID- 42185080 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260827 LR - 20260827 IS - 1476-542X (Electronic) IS - 0250-832X (Linking) VI - 55 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Sep 1 TI - An Artificial Intelligence Model for the Automatic Classification of the Cervical Vertebral Maturation Stages. PG - 666-674 LID - 10.1093/dmfr/twag032 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To develop an artificial intelligence (AI) model for automatic classification of cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) stages on lateral cephalometric radiographs (LCR). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Overall, 1140 LCRs were labeled and classified according to the CVM user guide by McNamara and Franchi using a 2-stage pipeline. In the first stage, the LCRs were cropped to extract the region of interest (ROI) using the YOLOv11s.pt model. In the second stage, the extracted ROI were used to train the ResNet-101 deep learning (DL) model to classify CVM stages. Model performance was evaluated using accuracy, recall, precision, and F1-score. Performance comparison between human and AI was conducted by calculating the quadratic weighted kappa and ICC values. RESULTS: Intra- and inter-examiner reliabilities were measured using weighted kappa values of 0.992 and 0.953, respectively. The ResNet-101 DL model showed 84% overall accuracy, and the quadratic weighted kappa and ICC values between human and AI readings were 0.93 and 0.95, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed DL model achieved 84% accuracy in automated CVM stage classification. This AI-based framework enhances objectivity and efficiency of skeletal maturation assessment through standardized and reproducible classification. Accordingly, it reduces the influence of subjective evaluation, particularly where clinical workload is high. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE: Automated CVM assessment improves objective evaluation of skeletal growth. To our knowledge, this study is the first to integrate YOLOv11-based localization with ResNet-101 for CVM classification, enabling an automated workflow supported by a curated and balanced dataset and a reproducible framework. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Institute of Radiology and the International Association of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site-for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com. FAU - AlKhlaf, Sara AlRashed AU - AlKhlaf SA AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-5331-6495 AD - Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. FAU - AlMurshed, Rana AU - AlMurshed R AD - Department of Information Technology, College of Computer and Information Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Bashir, Maimuna AU - Bashir M AD - Artificial Intelligence Center of Advanced Studies, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Asiry, Moshabab AU - Asiry M AD - Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Dentomaxillofac Radiol JT - Dento maxillo facial radiology JID - 7609576 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Cervical Vertebrae/growth & development/diagnostic imaging MH - *Artificial Intelligence MH - Cephalometry/methods MH - *Age Determination by Skeleton/methods MH - Deep Learning MH - Child MH - Female MH - Male OTO - NOTNLM OT - artificial intelligence OT - cervical vertebrae maturation OT - deep learning EDAT- 2026/05/26 00:29 MHDA- 2026/08/27 12:35 CRDT- 2026/05/25 21:52 PHST- 2026/03/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/27 12:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/26 00:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/25 21:52 [entrez] AID - 8692929 [pii] AID - 10.1093/dmfr/twag032 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2026 Sep 1;55(6):666-674. doi: 10.1093/dmfr/twag032. PMID- 42184890 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260612 LR - 20260824 IS - 1872-8227 (Electronic) IS - 0168-8227 (Linking) VI - 237 DP - 2026 Jul TI - The 1-hour plasma glucose as a specific marker for early-phase insulin secretory defects in young adults with obesity. PG - 113338 LID - S0168-8227(26)00258-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.diabres.2026.113338 [doi] AB - AIMS: To determine whether 1-hour plasma glucose (1-h PG) during an OGTT outperforms other glycemic markers (FPG, 0.5-h PG, 2-h PG, HbA(1c)) in identifying impairments in insulin secretion, sensitivity, and beta-cell compensation. METHODS: We analyzed 2178 Chinese young adults (18-40 years) with obesity (BMI >/= 28 kg/m(2)) and without diabetes. Associations between glycemic markers and OGTT-derived indices were assessed using adjusted correlations, regression, and ROC analyses. In a subcohort (n = 495) with frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test (FSIVGTT) data, markers were evaluated against minimal-model estimates of first-phase secretion (AIR(g)), insulin sensitivity (S(I)), and disposition index (DI). RESULTS: 1-h PG showed superior performance over other glycemic markers for identifying early-phase insulin secretion defects. Among these markers, it demonstrated the strongest correlation with IGI(30) (rho = - 0.413) and the highest discriminatory accuracy (AUC = 0.702); this was supported by FSIVGTT-derived AIR(g). For insulin sensitivity, 1-h PG correlated more strongly with the Matsuda index, whereas 2-h PG was more strongly associated with FSIVGTT-derived S(I). Elevated 1-h PG (>/=8.6 mmol/L) identified individuals with impairments across all traits. CONCLUSIONS: 1-h PG is a specific physiological marker of early-phase insulin secretion defects, supporting its role in early phenotyping and risk stratification in young adults with obesity. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Yuan, Miaomiao AU - Yuan M AD - Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: 1403278847@qq.com. FAU - Zhao, Shaoqian AU - Zhao S AD - Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: zsq12428@rjh.com.cn. FAU - Lu, Chenxiao AU - Lu C AD - Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: luchenxiao0523@126.com. FAU - Tong, Yangyi AU - Tong Y AD - Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: tongyangyi1122@163.com. FAU - Shen, Chongrong AU - Shen C AD - Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: shenchongr@163.com. FAU - Yin, Nan AU - Yin N AD - Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: yin-nan@sjtu.edu.cn. FAU - Cao, Zhiwen AU - Cao Z AD - Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: czw810@126.com. FAU - Zhang, Zhenxi AU - Zhang Z AD - Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: zhzhenxi0309@163.com. FAU - Liu, Ruixin AU - Liu R AD - Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: xiner198287@163.com. FAU - Wang, Jiqiu AU - Wang J AD - Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: wangjq@shsmu.edu.cn. FAU - Zhang, Yifei AU - Zhang Y AD - Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: zyf11192@rjh.com.cn. FAU - Gu, Weiqiong AU - Gu W AD - Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: gwq10978@rjh.com.cn. FAU - Chen, Yufei AU - Chen Y AD - Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: yufchen@126.com. FAU - Hong, Jie AU - Hong J AD - Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: hongjie@medmail.com.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260524 PL - Ireland TA - Diabetes Res Clin Pract JT - Diabetes research and clinical practice JID - 8508335 RN - 0 (Blood Glucose) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Insulin) RN - 0 (Glycated Hemoglobin) SB - IM EIN - Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2026 Oct;240:113500. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2026.113500. PMID: 42637599 MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Obesity/blood/complications MH - Adult MH - Glucose Tolerance Test MH - Male MH - *Blood Glucose/metabolism/analysis MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - *Insulin Secretion MH - *Insulin/metabolism MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Insulin Resistance MH - Glycated Hemoglobin OTO - NOTNLM OT - 1-Hour plasma glucose (1-h PG) OT - Diabetes screening OT - Frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test (FSIVGTT) OT - Insulin secretion OT - Insulin sensitivity OT - Intermediate hyperglycemia OT - Oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT) OT - Prediabetes OT - Young adults with obesity OT - beta-Cell function COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Jie Hong reports financial support was provided by the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Shanghai Shenkang Hospital Development Center. Shaoqian Zhao reports financial support was provided by the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai. Chongrong Shen reports financial support was provided by the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai and the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation. Weiqiong Gu reports financial support was provided by the Shanghai Shenkang Hospital Development Center. All other authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/05/26 00:30 MHDA- 2026/06/12 13:02 CRDT- 2026/05/25 19:29 PHST- 2026/01/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/12 13:02 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/26 00:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/25 19:29 [entrez] AID - S0168-8227(26)00258-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.diabres.2026.113338 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2026 Jul;237:113338. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2026.113338. Epub 2026 May 24. PMID- 42184479 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260610 LR - 20260610 IS - 1095-6867 (Electronic) IS - 0018-506X (Linking) VI - 182 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Demasculinized digit ratios in a sample of boys with childhood autism. PG - 105950 LID - S0018-506X(26)00075-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2026.105950 [doi] AB - Some theories have proposed that children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may be exposed to increased levels of androgens during prenatal development, resulting in greater androgenization of testosterone-dependent traits including both peripheral (bodily) and central (brain-related) traits. Empirical support for this hypothesis is scant and inconsistent. In the present work, we studied an ostensible anatomical marker of testosterone exposure (sexually differentiated finger lengths) which develops during the first trimester or early second trimester of gestation. Participants were 25 boys with classic autism, recruited from the clinical practice of a local physician specializing in childhood autism, who met the standardized DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual) criteria for ASD, and 57 normally-developing age- and sex-matched male and female controls (32 males, 25 females); N = 82; M(age) = 7.30 yrs., SD = 4.18. Finger length was measured to the nearest 0.5 mm from digital images of the ventral surface of the hands using a validated measurement protocol. Consistent with past reports from adult samples, several of the finger length ratios were confirmed to display sex differences among control children, but the group of boys with ASD showed a female-like finger growth pattern, not the hypermasculine pattern predicted, and were found to differ statistically from the male controls. Boys with ASD thus showed a demasculinized pattern of finger differentiation. Our data do not support theories which suggest that greater fetal testosterone exposure occurs in boys with autism. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Hampson, Elizabeth AU - Hampson E AD - Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada. Electronic address: ehampson@uwo.ca. FAU - Waxman, Samantha E AU - Waxman SE AD - Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada. FAU - Nicolson, Robert AU - Nicolson R AD - Department of Psychiatry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260525 PL - United States TA - Horm Behav JT - Hormones and behavior JID - 0217764 RN - 3XMK78S47O (Testosterone) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Child MH - *Digit Ratios MH - Testosterone MH - *Fingers/anatomy & histology MH - *Autistic Disorder/pathology MH - *Autism Spectrum Disorder/pathology MH - Sex Characteristics MH - Child, Preschool OTO - NOTNLM OT - 2D:4D OT - ASD OT - Androgen OT - Autism spectrum disorder OT - Estradiol OT - Estrogens OT - Finger length ratio OT - Prenatal OT - Testosterone COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: R. Nicolson reports a relationship with Brain Canada Foundation that includes: funding grants. R. Nicolson reports a relationship with Hoffmann-La Roche Limited that includes: funding grants. R. Nicolson reports a relationship with Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. that includes: funding grants. R. Nicolson reports a relationship with MapLight Therapeutics Inc. that includes: funding grants. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/05/25 18:30 MHDA- 2026/06/11 05:41 CRDT- 2026/05/25 17:59 PHST- 2025/11/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/11 05:41 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/25 18:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/25 17:59 [entrez] AID - S0018-506X(26)00075-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2026.105950 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Horm Behav. 2026 Jun;182:105950. doi: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2026.105950. Epub 2026 May 25. PMID- 42184215 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260525 IS - 2156-535X (Electronic) IS - 2156-5333 (Linking) DP - 2026 May 25 TI - Influence of Personalized Advice on Cardiovascular Management in Childhood Cancer Survivors. PG - 21565333261454210 LID - 10.1177/21565333261454210 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the cardiovascular medical management of young adults who had viewed the massive open online course (MOOC) "Childhood Cancer, Living Well, After" four years earlier during the feasibility study (START-MOOC1), compared with those who had not. METHODS: A retrospective, descriptive, French multicenter study was conducted involving 322 childhood cancer survivors (CCS) (range, 20-36 years) eligible to view the cardiovascular health module of the MOOC. Participants were divided into two groups those who had viewed the MOOC (MOOC+) four years earlier and those who had not (MOOC-). We collected data on medical follow-up, cardiovascular care, and lifestyle habits using a short questionnaire. We analyzed it using descriptive statistics and comparative tests. RESULTS: Of the 322 eligible CCS, 95 completed the questionnaire (34 MOOC+ and 61 MOOC-). The participation rate was significantly higher in the MOOC+ group (55.7% vs. 23.4%, p < 0.0001). We found no significant difference between the groups regarding general medical care and cardiologist follow-up. However, 20% of MOOC+ participants began cardiological follow-up after the MOOC, 15% increased their physical activity, and 6% improved their diet. In addition, 25% of MOOC+ participants began complementary therapies. CONCLUSION: The MOOC "Childhood Cancer, Living Well, After" did not result in any significant difference in cardiovascular follow-up behaviors compared with patients who did not view the MOOC. However, the MOOC+ group promoted positive lifestyle changes. Further research with a larger cohort is necessary to assess the full impact of the MOOC on the long-term medical follow-up. FAU - Fremont, Lea AU - Fremont L AD - Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University-Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France. FAU - Casagranda, Leonie AU - Casagranda L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9297-6278 AD - Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University-Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France. AD - UMR-S1153, Inserm, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France. FAU - Sudour-Bonnange, Helene AU - Sudour-Bonnange H AD - Department of Pediatric Oncology, AYA Unit, Oscar Lambret Institute, Lille, France. FAU - Massoubre, Catherine AU - Massoubre C AD - Department of Psychiatry, University-Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France. FAU - Dalle, Jean-Hugues AU - Dalle JH AD - Department of Immunology and Hematology, Robert Debre Hospital, GHU APHP-Nord Universite Paris Cite, Paris, France. FAU - Teinturier, Cecile AU - Teinturier C AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Bicetre Hospital, Paris Sud University, Kremlin Bicetre, France. AD - Inserm U 1018, CESP, Cancer and Radiation Team, University of Paris-Saclay, Paris-Sud University, Villejuif, France. FAU - Guillot, Pascale AU - Guillot P AD - Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Nantes, Nantes, France. FAU - Lanlo, Virginie AU - Lanlo V AD - Consultant Communication and Pedagogical Designer Specialized in MOOC, Pantin, France. FAU - Dal Molin, Bernard AU - Dal Molin B AD - Advita Productions, Grenoble, France. FAU - Dal Molin, Michele AU - Dal Molin M AD - Advita Productions, Grenoble, France. FAU - Garcin, Arnauld AU - Garcin A AD - Department of Research, University Hospital, Saint-Etienne, France. AD - Host Research Team EA4607 SNA-EPIS, Jean Monnet University of Saint-Etienne, PRES Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France. FAU - Fresneau, Brice AU - Fresneau B AD - Inserm U 1018, CESP, Cancer and Radiation Team, University of Paris-Saclay, Paris-Sud University, Villejuif, France. AD - Department of Pediatric Oncology, Gustave Roussy, University of Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France. FAU - Poulalhon, Claire AU - Poulalhon C AD - UMR-S1153, Inserm, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France. FAU - Demoor-Goldschmidt, Charlotte AU - Demoor-Goldschmidt C AD - Inserm U 1018, CESP, Cancer and Radiation Team, University of Paris-Saclay, Paris-Sud University, Villejuif, France. AD - Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University-Hospital of Angers, Angers, France. FAU - Berger, Claire AU - Berger C AD - UMR-S1153, Inserm, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France. AD - Department of Public Health and Medical Informatics, University-Hospital, Saint-Etienne, France. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260525 PL - United States TA - J Adolesc Young Adult Oncol JT - Journal of adolescent and young adult oncology JID - 101543508 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - MOOC OT - cardiovascular follow-up OT - childhood cancer survivors OT - health literacy OT - long-term care OT - therapeutic education EDAT- 2026/05/25 18:30 MHDA- 2026/05/25 18:30 CRDT- 2026/05/25 13:03 PHST- 2026/05/25 18:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/25 18:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/25 13:03 [entrez] AID - 10.1177/21565333261454210 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - J Adolesc Young Adult Oncol. 2026 May 25:21565333261454210. doi: 10.1177/21565333261454210. PMID- 42184096 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260825 IS - 1600-0838 (Electronic) IS - 0905-7188 (Linking) VI - 36 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Dose-Response Effects of a 4-Month FIT FIRST 10 School-Based Multisport Programme on Physical Fitness and Psychosocial Well-Being in Children Aged 7-11: A Three-Arm Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial. PG - e70311 LID - 10.1111/sms.70311 [doi] AB - Low physical activity (PA) and fitness in childhood are linked to adverse health outcomes, yet many Danish children do not meet national guidelines. The FIT FIRST 10 (FF10) multisport PE programme was developed to increase PA in primary schools. To evaluate dose-response effects of a 4-month FF10 intervention on physical fitness and psychosocial well-being. Three-arm, cluster-randomized trial (1:1:1). 1357 pupils (7-11 years) from 68 classes in 27 schools were allocated to control (CON, n = 529), 1.5 FF10 sessions/week (1.5INT, n = 495), or 3 FF10 sessions/week (3INT, n = 333); 1175 provided consent. The primary outcome was cardiorespiratory fitness via the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Level 1 Children's test (YYIR1C). Secondary outcomes included cardiometabolic health, muscular fitness, and psychosocial well-being. No between-group effects were observed for the primary outcome (1.5INT vs. CON: 17 m [-19, 52]; 3INT vs. CON: -8 m [-47, 31]). Among secondary outcomes, 1.5INT showed small favorable effects on body composition (body fat percentage -0.4%; fat mass -0.2 kg; fat mass index -0.1 kg/m(2); BMI -0.1 kg/m(2)) and handgrip strength (+0.4 kg) (all p < 0.05). No intervention effects were observed for cardiovascular or psychosocial domains. Small differences favoring CON over 3INT emerged in standing long jump (-5 cm), postural balance (-0.5 s) and perceived flexibility (-0.3 AU) (all p < 0.05). In conclusion, a moderate, feasible dose of approximately 1.5 FF10 sessions per week appeared more effective than a higher-frequency implementation, highlighting the importance of feasibility and implementation fidelity in real-world school settings. ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06180772). CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science In Sports published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Eckert, Caroline AU - Eckert C AD - Department of Sports Sciences and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. FAU - Thogersen-Ntoumani, Cecilie AU - Thogersen-Ntoumani C AD - Department of Sports Sciences and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. AD - Danish Centre for Motivation and Behaviour Science (DRIVEN), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. AD - School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK. FAU - Larsen, Malte Nejst AU - Larsen MN AD - Department of Sports Sciences and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. FAU - Koch, Sofie AU - Koch S AD - Department of Sports Sciences and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. FAU - Christiansen, Lars Breum AU - Christiansen LB AD - Department of Sports Sciences and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. FAU - Meiner, Christina Birch AU - Meiner CB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5780-565X AD - Department of Sports Sciences and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. FAU - Cimenti, Chiara AU - Cimenti C AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-7302-4911 AD - Department of Sports Sciences and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. AD - Danish Centre for Motivation and Behaviour Science (DRIVEN), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. FAU - Tarantino, Giampiero AU - Tarantino G AD - Department of Sports Sciences and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. AD - Danish Centre for Motivation and Behaviour Science (DRIVEN), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. FAU - Ntoumanis, Nikos AU - Ntoumanis N AD - Department of Sports Sciences and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. AD - Danish Centre for Motivation and Behaviour Science (DRIVEN), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. AD - School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK. AD - Danish Institute for Advanced Study (DIAS), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. FAU - Krustrup, Peter AU - Krustrup P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1461-9838 AD - Department of Sports Sciences and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. AD - Danish Centre for Motivation and Behaviour Science (DRIVEN), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. AD - Danish Institute for Advanced Study (DIAS), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. AD - Sport and Health Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT06180772 GR - NNF22SH0077612/Novo Nordisk Fonden/ PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PL - Denmark TA - Scand J Med Sci Sports JT - Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports JID - 9111504 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - *Cardiorespiratory Fitness MH - Male MH - Female MH - Schools MH - Denmark MH - Psychological Well-Being MH - *Physical Fitness MH - *Physical Education and Training/methods MH - Muscle Strength MH - *Exercise OTO - NOTNLM OT - cluster-randomized controlled trial OT - dose-response OT - health OT - multisport programme OT - physical fitness OT - primary school children OT - school-based physical activity OT - well-being EDAT- 2026/05/25 12:35 MHDA- 2026/05/25 12:36 CRDT- 2026/05/25 11:23 PHST- 2026/05/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/11/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/25 12:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/25 12:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/25 11:23 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/sms.70311 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2026 Jun;36(6):e70311. doi: 10.1111/sms.70311. PMID- 42183855 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260712 LR - 20261010 IS - 1432-1998 (Electronic) IS - 0301-0449 (Linking) VI - 56 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Increased parotid microvascularity without stiffness differences in children with celiac disease. PG - 1536-1546 LID - 10.1007/s00247-026-06641-y [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Celiac disease is a systemic autoimmune disorder that can affect salivary glands, yet subclinical involvement in children is under-investigated. Conventional ultrasound often lacks sensitivity for detecting early inflammatory or subtle microvascular changes in asymptomatic patients. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate subclinical parotid gland involvement in children with celiac disease using microvascular imaging and shear wave elastography (SWE), hypothesizing that these tools could detect early parenchymal and microcirculatory alterations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective, cross-sectional case-control study included 78 children with biopsy-confirmed celiac disease and 72 age- and body mass index-matched healthy controls. Bilateral parotid microvascularity index (MVI, %) and tissue stiffness (SWE, kPa) were assessed using high-resolution ultrasonography by an experienced radiologist who was blinded to the group allocation and clinical data. Between-group comparisons were performed using two-sided Mann-Whitney U tests. Within the celiac disease group, imaging metrics were explored according to gluten-free diet duration, serum tissue transglutaminase IgA (tTG-IgA) levels, and modified Marsh grade. RESULTS: The MVI was higher in the celiac disease group for both the left (median [interquartile range], 5.29 [3.12-10.80] vs 2.00 [1.03-4.78]; P<0.001) and right (4.55 [2.42-10.82] vs 3.25 [0.90-5.48]; P=0.001) parotid glands. However, SWE did not differ significantly between groups (left P=0.21; right P=0.09). Within the celiac disease group, imaging metrics were not significantly associated with tTG-IgA levels or Marsh subtypes (all P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Pediatric celiac disease is associated with increased parotid microvascularity without detectable stiffness differences, suggesting subclinical microvascular alterations. These exploratory findings warrant longitudinal validation to clarify temporal dynamics and clinical relevance. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Ergen, Yasin Maruf AU - Ergen YM AD - Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, General Dr. Tevfik Saglam Cad. No: 11, Etlik, Kecioren, Ankara, 06018, Turkey. yasinmaruf@gmail.com. FAU - Teke, Selcuk AU - Teke S AD - Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, General Dr. Tevfik Saglam Cad. No: 11, Etlik, Kecioren, Ankara, 06018, Turkey. FAU - Cavis, Tugba AU - Cavis T AD - Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, Department of Radiology, Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Basaran, Edibe Gozde AU - Basaran EG AD - Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, General Dr. Tevfik Saglam Cad. No: 11, Etlik, Kecioren, Ankara, 06018, Turkey. FAU - Akcay, Birce Izgi AU - Akcay BI AD - Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, General Dr. Tevfik Saglam Cad. No: 11, Etlik, Kecioren, Ankara, 06018, Turkey. FAU - Balamtekin, Necati AU - Balamtekin N AD - Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, General Dr. Tevfik Saglam Cad. No: 11, Etlik, Kecioren, Ankara, 06018, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260525 PL - Germany TA - Pediatr Radiol JT - Pediatric radiology JID - 0365332 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Celiac Disease/diagnostic imaging/pathology MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Elasticity Imaging Techniques/methods MH - *Parotid Gland/diagnostic imaging/blood supply MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Prospective Studies MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Child MH - *Microvessels/diagnostic imaging MH - Child, Preschool MH - Adolescent MH - Microcirculation OTO - NOTNLM OT - Celiac disease OT - Children OT - Microvascular imaging OT - Parotid gland OT - Shear wave elastography COIS- Declarations. Consent to participate: Written informed consent was obtained from parents or legal guardians prior to participation, and assent was obtained from children whenever applicable. Conflicts of interest: None EDAT- 2026/05/25 12:35 MHDA- 2026/07/13 00:32 CRDT- 2026/05/25 11:02 PHST- 2025/12/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/13 00:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/25 12:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/25 11:02 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00247-026-06641-y [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00247-026-06641-y [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pediatr Radiol. 2026 Jun;56(7):1536-1546. doi: 10.1007/s00247-026-06641-y. Epub 2026 May 25. PMID- 42183740 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261016 LR - 20261020 IS - 1879-3479 (Electronic) IS - 0020-7292 (Print) IS - 0020-7292 (Linking) VI - 175 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Nov TI - An external validation study of a practical scoring system for identifying patients at risk of pelvic floor dysfunction following childbirth. PG - 807-816 LID - 10.1002/ijgo.71099 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To prospectively evaluate the perineal card, a risk-based scoring system, for identifying women at increased risk of postpartum urinary incontinence (UI). METHODS: This prospective observational study included women without previous vaginal delivery who underwent vaginal birth at a tertiary referral center between June 2023 and October 2024. The perineal card was completed at hospital discharge to assess obstetric and perineal risk factors and classify patients into low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups. Postpartum pelvic floor outcomes were assessed at follow-up using a standardized screening tool with validated questionnaires. Logistic regression identified factors independently associated with UI, and discriminative performance was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic analysis. RESULTS: Of 296 enrolled women, 265 were included in the final analysis. At follow-up, 18.3% reported UI. Women with UI had higher median perineal card scores than asymptomatic women. UI during pregnancy, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), labor induction, and postpartum urinary retention lasting more than 24 h were independently associated with postpartum UI. The perineal card showed moderate discriminative ability, with an area under the curve of 0.65. CONCLUSION: Use of the perineal card at discharge may help identify women at increased risk of postpartum UI and support timely referral for pelvic floor rehabilitation. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics. FAU - Arcieri, Martina AU - Arcieri M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8257-0618 AD - Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Santa Maria Della Misericordia" University Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale, Udine, Italy. FAU - Segatti, Michela AU - Segatti M AD - Department of Medicine (DMED), University of Udine, Udine, Italy. FAU - Bordin, Filippo AU - Bordin F AD - Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Santa Maria Della Misericordia" University Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale, Udine, Italy. AD - Department of Medicine (DMED), University of Udine, Udine, Italy. FAU - Armenise, Doriana AU - Armenise D AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-9531-8159 AD - Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Santa Maria Della Misericordia" University Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale, Udine, Italy. AD - Department of Medicine (DMED), University of Udine, Udine, Italy. FAU - De Martino, Maria AU - De Martino M AD - Department of Medicine (DMED), Institute of Statistics, University of Udine, Udine, Italy. FAU - Isola, Miriam AU - Isola M AD - Department of Medicine (DMED), Institute of Statistics, University of Udine, Udine, Italy. FAU - Mattiussi, Chiara AU - Mattiussi C AD - Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Santa Maria Della Misericordia" University Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale, Udine, Italy. FAU - Barbui, Elisa AU - Barbui E AD - Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Santa Maria Della Misericordia" University Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale, Udine, Italy. FAU - Filippin, Sara AU - Filippin S AD - Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Santa Maria Della Misericordia" University Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale, Udine, Italy. AD - Department of Medicine (DMED), University of Udine, Udine, Italy. FAU - Tius, Veronica AU - Tius V AD - Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Santa Maria Della Misericordia" University Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale, Udine, Italy. AD - Department of Medicine (DMED), University of Udine, Udine, Italy. FAU - Delneri, Cristina AU - Delneri C AD - Rehabilitation Medicine Unit Trieste, "San Polo" Hospital - Monfalcone, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina, Monfalcone, Italy. FAU - Dialti, Valeria AU - Dialti V AD - Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation - Severe Brain Injury Unit / General Rehabilitation, Institute of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation "Gervasutta," Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale, Udine, Italy. FAU - Restaino, Stefano AU - Restaino S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7848-0329 AD - Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Santa Maria Della Misericordia" University Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale, Udine, Italy. AD - PhD School in Biomedical Sciences, Gender Medicine, Child and Women Health, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy. FAU - Driul, Lorenza AU - Driul L AD - Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Santa Maria Della Misericordia" University Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale, Udine, Italy. AD - Department of Medicine (DMED), University of Udine, Udine, Italy. FAU - Vizzielli, Giuseppe AU - Vizzielli G AD - Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Santa Maria Della Misericordia" University Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale, Udine, Italy. AD - Department of Medicine (DMED), University of Udine, Udine, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260525 PL - United States TA - Int J Gynaecol Obstet JT - International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics JID - 0210174 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Adult MH - Prospective Studies MH - Pregnancy MH - *Urinary Incontinence/etiology/epidemiology/diagnosis MH - Risk Factors MH - *Pelvic Floor Disorders/etiology/diagnosis MH - *Delivery, Obstetric/adverse effects MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Postpartum Period MH - Risk Assessment/methods MH - ROC Curve MH - Pelvic Floor/physiopathology MH - *Puerperal Disorders/diagnosis/etiology PMC - PMC13674847 OTO - NOTNLM OT - pelvic floor dysfunction OT - perineal card OT - postpartum rehabilitation OT - urinary incontinence OT - vaginal delivery COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/25 12:35 MHDA- 2026/10/16 19:04 PMCR- 2026/10/16 CRDT- 2026/05/25 09:32 PHST- 2026/05/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/16 19:04 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/25 12:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/25 09:32 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - IJGO71099 [pii] AID - 10.1002/ijgo.71099 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2026 Nov;175(2):807-816. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.71099. Epub 2026 May 25. PMID- 42183298 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260813 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Serum and cerebrospinal fluid neuroinflammatory biomarkers and trimethylamine N-oxide: associations with white matter lesion severity. PG - 1799968 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1799968 [doi] LID - 1799968 AB - INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to investigate the association between a multi-panel biomarker profile across the blood-brain barrier and the severity of white matter lesions (WML) in 42 patients [mean age: 60.3 +/- 12.1 years; 45.2% male], suggesting a potential inflammatory endotype rather than defining a distinct phenotype due to the cross-sectional design and limited sample size. We assessed the gut-brain axis role in WML pathogenesis through analysis of paired serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples. METHODS: In this cross-sectional clinical study, 42 patients (aged 16-78 years; inclusion of younger subjects was based on radiological confirmation of WML unrelated to acute cerebrovascular events) with radiologically confirmed WML were stratified into four severity groups based on combined Fazekas global score (range 0-3, incorporating both periventricular and deep white matter hyperintensities). Levels of six biomarkers-interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), S100 calcium-binding protein beta (S100beta), and immunoglobulin G (IgG)-were simultaneously quantified in paired serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples using ELISA. Statistical analyses included: (1) group comparisons using one-way ANOVA with LSD post-hoc tests; (2) Spearman correlation analyses; (3) multivariable ordinal logistic regression adjusting for age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, and BMI to control confounding; (4) False Discovery Rate (FDR) correction for multiple comparisons (Benjamini-Hochberg method). Post-hoc power analysis and effect sizes (eta(2), Cohen's d) were reported. RESULTS: Severity-dependent increases in IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, and the gut-derived metabolite TMAO were observed in both serum and CSF. After adjustment for confounders, CSF TNF-alpha (adjusted OR = 1.95, 95% CI: 1.42-2.68, P<0.001) and serum MMP-2 (adjusted OR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.28-2.31, P<0.001) demonstrated the strongest correlations with WML severity among all biomarkers, establishing them as primary candidate biomarkers. An inverse concentration pattern (elevated serum/decreased CSF) was observed for MMP-2, suggesting stage-specific roles in blood-brain barrier dynamics. CSF S100beta levels increased with severity (r=0.487, P<0.001), consistent with parenchymal injury. Regarding IgG, while univariate analysis showed marginal significance in CSF (P = 0.045), FDR correction rendered this non-significant (q=0.12), and no significant correlation was found with Fazekas grade (P = 0.068), suggesting limited association with WML severity in this cohort. CONCLUSION: This study suggests a potential neuroinflammatory profile in WML, characterized by coupled peripheral and central inflammation associated with gut-derived TMAO, though causality cannot be inferred from this cross-sectional design. CSF TNF-alpha and serum MMP-2 are proposed as precision biomarkers for stratifying WML severity. These findings should be interpreted as a hypothesis-generating framework integrating dysregulated gut-brain axis signaling, central cytokine surges, and blood-brain barrier disruption into a unified pathogenic cascade, providing mechanistic insights for targeted anti-inflammatory strategies in cerebrovascular disease. However, the clinical applicability requires further validation given the invasive nature of CSF collection. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Cheng, Luo, Zhang, Xiao, An and Qu. FAU - Cheng, Xinxin AU - Cheng X AD - Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China. FAU - Luo, Changjiang AU - Luo C AD - Department of Neurology, Jinan Shizhong District People's Hospital, Jinan, China. FAU - Zhang, Xudong AU - Zhang X AD - Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China. FAU - Xiao, Huicong AU - Xiao H AD - Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China. FAU - An, Qi AU - An Q AD - Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China. FAU - Qu, Chuanqiang AU - Qu C AD - Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260508 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Methylamines) RN - FLD0K1SJ1A (trimethyloxamine) RN - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - *Biomarkers/cerebrospinal fluid/blood MH - Female MH - Adult MH - *Methylamines/blood/cerebrospinal fluid MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Aged MH - *White Matter/pathology/diagnostic imaging MH - Adolescent MH - *Neuroinflammatory Diseases/cerebrospinal fluid/blood MH - Severity of Illness Index MH - Young Adult MH - Blood-Brain Barrier/metabolism MH - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/blood/cerebrospinal fluid PMC - PMC13193994 OTO - NOTNLM OT - blood-brain barrier OT - gut-brain axis OT - neuroinflammation biomarkers OT - trimethylamine N-oxide OT - white matter lesions COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/25 12:35 MHDA- 2026/05/25 12:36 PMCR- 2026/05/08 CRDT- 2026/05/25 08:17 PHST- 2026/01/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/25 12:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/25 12:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/25 08:17 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1799968 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2026 May 8;17:1799968. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1799968. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42179331 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260806 LR - 20260813 IS - 1536-4801 (Electronic) IS - 0277-2116 (Print) IS - 0277-2116 (Linking) VI - 83 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Improving nutritional assessment in pediatric anorexia nervosa: Clinical value of key serum biomarkers. PG - 324-330 LID - 10.1002/jpn3.70465 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: Reliable biochemical markers of starvation are needed to improve detection and monitoring of starvation in pediatric anorexia nervosa (AN), thus we explored new and revisited old potential serum biochemical markers. METHODS: In this prospective cohort study we included 65 pediatric patients with AN. Clinical data and serum at diagnosis were collected. Measured analytes included calcium, inorganic phosphate, alkaline phosphatase, albumin, transferrin, ceruloplasmin, prealbumin, C3 and C4 complement, ferritin, and vitamin D. Groups were compared by phenotype (classical AN vs. atypical anorexia nervosa [AAN]) and by severity of starvation (body mass index z-score: severe Z -2.0) using the Mann-Whitney test. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis assessed discriminatory performance. Moreover, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were calculated. RESULTS: Median age was 15 years, 63 participants were female. Median symptom duration was 6 months and median weight loss 19.8% (z-score -2.03 +/- 1.40). Compared with classical AN, AAN patients had higher transferrin and C3 (p = 0.019 and p = 0.009). Severe malnutrition (Z Self-efficacy; interaction term beta = 0.09, p < 0.01). Simple slope and conditional indirect effect analyses indicated that a high-level peer network synergistically amplified the efficiency with which physical activity translated into self-efficacy. Physical activity exerts a robust temporal protective effect on university students' mental health, a macro-level benefit realized primarily through the cultivation of deep-seated self-efficacy. Furthermore, a high-quality peer support environment serves as a critical socio-ecological catalyst that amplifies these psychological dividends. By partially addressing the temporal limitations of cross-sectional designs, this study provides empirical foundations for a psychologically-oriented paradigm shift in PE curricula and the development of cross-departmental synergistic interventions. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Ma, Renjie AU - Ma R AD - School of Marxism, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China. FAU - Liu, Hongyuan AU - Liu H AD - Supercomputing Center in Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China. AD - INTI International University Malaysia, Nilai, 71800, Malaysia. FAU - Shi, Mengyu AU - Shi M AD - Physical Education and Training Institute, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing, 102600, China. FAU - Zhu, Qiuhan AU - Zhu Q AD - School of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China. zhuqiuhan@zzu.edu.cn. LA - eng GR - 23CTY011/Research on the Resilience of Urban Community Sports Social Organizations in China and the Modernization of Their Governance Capacity/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260523 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Self Efficacy MH - *Students/psychology MH - *Mental Health MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - Universities MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - *Social Support MH - *Peer Group MH - Young Adult MH - Adult MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13415835 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cross-lagged panel model OT - Longitudinal study OT - Mental health OT - Peer support OT - Physical activity OT - Self-efficacy COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Ethics: The studies involving human participants were reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Zhengzhou University. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The participants provided their written informed consent to participate in this study. Financial disclosure: This research is funded by the project "Research on the Resilience of Urban Community Sports Social Organizations in China and the Modernization of Their Governance Capacity" (Grant No. 23CTY011). EDAT- 2026/05/24 04:38 MHDA- 2026/07/30 00:38 PMCR- 2026/05/23 CRDT- 2026/05/23 23:15 PHST- 2026/02/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/30 00:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/24 04:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/23 23:15 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-53221-z [pii] AID - 53221 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-53221-z [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2026 May 23;16(1):23533. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-53221-z. PMID- 42176987 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260708 LR - 20260823 IS - 1541-6100 (Electronic) IS - 0022-3166 (Print) IS - 0022-3166 (Linking) VI - 156 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Total Sugars Misreporting in Self-Reported 24-Hour Recalls in the Study of Latinos: Nutrition and Physical Activity Assessment Study. PG - 101608 LID - S0022-3166(26)00257-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.tjnut.2026.101608 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Hispanic and Latinos living in the United States bear a disproportionate burden of chronic diseases previously associated with sugars intake. However, due to measurement error (ME) in self-reported diet, these associations have been difficult to establish. OBJECTIVES: To study ME of self-reported total sugars (TSs) intake, as well as its determinates and effect on estimating diet-disease associations in Hispanics and Latinos living in the United States, we apply the 24-h urinary sucrose and fructose predictive biomarker previously confirmed in a feeding study under United States diet. METHODS: We used data from 443 males and females aged 18 to 74 y of Central American, Cuban, Dominican, Mexican, Puerto Rican, and South American origin living across 4 United States communities who participated in the Study of Latinos: Nutrition and Physical Activity Assessment Study (SOLNAS). Participants completed 3 24-h recalls (24HR) and 1 24-h urine collection for measurement of 24-h urinary sucrose and fructose biomarker. Doubly labeled water was administered once to estimate energy intake. Measures were repeated 6 mo later in a reliability sample (n = 81). ME structure in self-reported TSs was investigated using a time-varying intake ME model adjusted for sex, age, and body mass index. RESULTS: The biomarker-based TSs intake was 171.3 g/d (95% confidence interval: 158.3-185.3) compared with 96.3 g/d (95% confidence interval: 91.7-101.2) estimated by 3 24HRs. The correlation of true intake with mean TSs from 2 24HRs as a measure of usual intake over 0 to 12 mo ranged from 0.19 to 0.21. The attenuation factors for the average of 2 24HRs ranged from 0.08 to 0.16. Age and Hispanic and Latino background were significantly associated with TSs misreporting, whereas, age, Hispanic and Latino background, being male and supplement user were associated with misreporting of TSs density. CONCLUSIONS: In this Hispanic and Latino population, we observed large ME in 24HR-measured TSs consumption that would lead to severe attenuation of estimated risk in future sugars-disease association studies. Applying biomarker-based ME correction approaches may alleviate bias. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 American Society for Nutrition. All rights reserved. FAU - Tasevska, Natasha AU - Tasevska N AD - College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, United States. Electronic address: Natasha.Tasevska@asu.edu. FAU - Mossavar-Rahmani, Yasmin AU - Mossavar-Rahmani Y AD - Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States. FAU - Midthune, Douglas AU - Midthune D AD - Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, United States. FAU - Barrett, Brian AU - Barrett B AD - Information Management Services Inc., Rockville, MD, United States. FAU - Razis, Spiro AU - Razis S AD - Information Management Services Inc., Rockville, MD, United States. FAU - Kipnis, Victor AU - Kipnis V AD - Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, United States. FAU - Kaplan, Robert AU - Kaplan R AD - Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States. FAU - O'Brien, Diane AU - O'Brien D AD - Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, United States. FAU - Park, Yikyung AU - Park Y AD - Division of Public Health Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States. FAU - Beasley, Jeannette AU - Beasley J AD - Department of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, United States. FAU - Van Horn, Linda AU - Van Horn L AD - Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States. FAU - Daviglus, Martha AU - Daviglus M AD - Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States. FAU - Sotres-Alvarez, Daniela AU - Sotres-Alvarez D AD - Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States. FAU - Freedman, Laurence S AU - Freedman LS AD - Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel. LA - eng GR - HHSN268201300005C/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - HHSN268201300004C/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - HHSN268201300003I/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - N01 HC065233/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - N01 HC065236/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - N01 HC065235/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - HHSN268201300001C/HB/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - N01 HC065234/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 HL095856/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 CA197902/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - HHSN268201300003C/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/United States GR - N01 HC065237/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260522 PL - United States TA - J Nutr JT - The Journal of nutrition JID - 0404243 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Dietary Sugars) RN - 30237-26-4 (Fructose) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Hispanic or Latino MH - *Self Report MH - Middle Aged MH - Adult MH - Mental Recall MH - Biomarkers/urine MH - Adolescent MH - Aged MH - *Dietary Sugars/administration & dosage MH - Young Adult MH - United States MH - Nutrition Assessment MH - Fructose/urine MH - Energy Intake MH - Diet MH - Reproducibility of Results PMC - PMC13410787 MID - NIHMS2186708 OTO - NOTNLM OT - 24-h urine biomarker OT - Hispanics OT - SOLNAS OT - measurement error OT - total sugars COIS- Conflict of interest The authors report no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/24 04:38 MHDA- 2026/07/08 12:55 PMCR- 2026/07/28 CRDT- 2026/05/23 19:33 PHST- 2026/01/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/08 12:55 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/24 04:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/23 19:33 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0022-3166(26)00257-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.tjnut.2026.101608 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Nutr. 2026 Jul;156(7):101608. doi: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2026.101608. Epub 2026 May 22. PMID- 42176141 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260523 LR - 20260813 IS - 2194-7791 (Print) IS - 2194-7791 (Electronic) IS - 2194-7791 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 23 TI - LEF1 gene mutation impairs the intestinal barrier and causes diarrhea. LID - 10.1186/s40348-026-00240-5 [doi] LID - 29 AB - Whole-exome sequencing identified a novel de novo heterozygous LEF1 variant (c.880 C > T; p.Pro294Ser) in a male pediatric patient who presented with intractable chronic yellow-green watery diarrhea with onset at 18 months of age. The condition persisted for 4 years and was complicated by protein-energy malnutrition and growth failure refractory to standard therapy. Gastrointestinal endoscopy showed mucosal edema accompanied by mild chronic inflammation, and this variant was not present in public population genomic databases. Functional validation was performed in Lef1 (c.876 C > G; p.Pro292Ser) knock-in mice (the murine ortholog of the human LEF1 p.Pro294Ser variant), and revealed increased susceptibility to dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced diarrhea, intrinsic intestinal structural abnormalities, and impaired intestinal barrier integrity. Molecular and proteomic analyses revealed downregulated expression of tight junction proteins and aquaporin - 4 in both mutant mice and patient-derived intestinal tissues, concomitant with dysregulated ion transport, and aberrant inflammatory pathways. Mechanistically, the LEF1 variant enhances its own expression and nuclear accumulation, driving Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) and subsequent intestinal barrier disruption. Collectively, these findings establish LEF1 variant as a pathogenic driver of pediatric chronic diarrhea, broaden the functional role of LEF1 in intestinal homeostasis, and identifies its potential utility as a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for this disorder. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Jie, Jianan AU - Jie J AD - Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China. FAU - Qiu, Mengling AU - Qiu M AD - Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China. FAU - Liu, Xing AU - Liu X AD - Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China. FAU - Zhang, Qingqing AU - Zhang Q AD - Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China. FAU - Xie, Jing AU - Xie J AD - Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China. FAU - Geng, Lanlan AU - Geng L AD - Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China. genglan_2001@hotmail.com. FAU - Gong, Sitang AU - Gong S AD - Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China. sitangg@126.com. FAU - Cheng, Yang AU - Cheng Y AD - Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China. chengyang2872@sina.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260523 PL - Germany TA - Mol Cell Pediatr JT - Molecular and cellular pediatrics JID - 101660689 PMC - PMC13198594 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Diarrhea OT - Intestinal Barrier OT - LEF1 OT - Mutation COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/24 04:36 MHDA- 2026/05/24 04:37 PMCR- 2026/05/23 CRDT- 2026/05/23 11:07 PHST- 2025/12/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/24 04:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/24 04:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/23 11:07 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s40348-026-00240-5 [pii] AID - 240 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s40348-026-00240-5 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Mol Cell Pediatr. 2026 May 23;13(1):29. doi: 10.1186/s40348-026-00240-5. PMID- 42174502 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260813 IS - 1472-6823 (Electronic) IS - 1472-6823 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 22 TI - Development and validation of a predictive model for hypothalamic obesity following craniopharyngioma resection. LID - 10.1186/s12902-026-02322-x [doi] LID - 164 AB - OBJECTIVE: To analyze the risk factors for hypothalamic obesity (HO) after craniopharyngioma surgery, construct a predictive model and verify its efficacy. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 136 patients diagnosed with craniopharyngioma at The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University between September 2018 and February 2024. Clinical and follow-up data were collected and split into training and validation cohorts (7: 3) randomly and divided into HO and non-HO groups post-surgery. Logistic regression was used to analyse risk factors for postoperative HO, and a prediction model was constructed and its efficacy was verified. RESULTS: In the training cohort, the preoperative body mass index (BMI), preoperative serum sodium, preoperative uric acid levels, postoperative calcium levels, the probability of intraoperative blood loss >/= 100 ml and preoperative hypothalamic injury and T-type tumors were higher in HO group. Small tumors (< 5 cm(3)) were less frequent in HO group (all P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that preoperative high BMI and intraoperative blood loss >/= 100 ml were independent risk factors for postoperative HO, while older age at onset and smaller tumor size were protective factors (all P < 0.05). The model developed from the training cohort showed that the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.865(95%CI of 0.793 ~ 0.937), with a sensitivity of 79.5% and a specificity of 80.8%, the validation cohort had an AUC of 0.864(95%CI:0.744-0.983), with a sensitivity of 90.9% and a specificity of 72.2%. The calibration curve and Hosmer-Lemeshow test demonstrated that the predicted value of the model was in agreement with the observed values in both the training and verification cohorts (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Preoperative high BMI and intraoperative blood loss >/= 100 ml are independent risk factors for HO after craniopharyngioma surgery. A predictive model based on preoperative BMI, age at onset, intraoperative blood loss, and tumor size shows potential for predicting the risk of postoperative HO, aiding in early identification for high-risk patients. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Li, Qianshuai AU - Li Q AD - Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China. FAU - Zhao, Linlin AU - Zhao L AD - Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China. FAU - Huang, Fengjuan AU - Huang F AD - Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China. FAU - Gong, Xuyang AU - Gong X AD - Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China. FAU - Pan, Mengxing AU - Pan M AD - Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China. FAU - Liu, Xinjing AU - Liu X AD - Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China. FAU - Wang, Tianfang AU - Wang T AD - Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China. FAU - Li, Xulong AU - Li X AD - Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China. FAU - Xie, Yijing AU - Xie Y AD - Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China. FAU - Gao, Ankang AU - Gao A AD - Department of Magnetic Resonance, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China. FAU - Zhang, Yong AU - Zhang Y AD - Department of Magnetic Resonance, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China. FAU - Zhao, Yanyan AU - Zhao Y AD - Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China. fcczhaoyy1@zzu.edu.cn. AD - Henan Key Laboratory of Chronic Disease Prevention and Therapy & Intelligent Health Management, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China. fcczhaoyy1@zzu.edu.cn. AD - Henan Institute of Interconnected Intelligent Health Management, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China. fcczhaoyy1@zzu.edu.cn. LA - eng GR - 242300421272/Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province/ GR - QNCXTD2023015/Research and Innovation Team Project of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University/ GR - 82470876/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260522 PL - England TA - BMC Endocr Disord JT - BMC endocrine disorders JID - 101088676 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Craniopharyngioma/surgery/pathology MH - Female MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Pituitary Neoplasms/surgery/pathology MH - *Postoperative Complications/diagnosis/etiology/epidemiology MH - *Obesity/etiology/diagnosis/epidemiology MH - Male MH - Risk Factors MH - *Hypothalamic Diseases/etiology/diagnosis MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Prognosis MH - Body Mass Index MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Young Adult MH - Child MH - *Neurosurgical Procedures/adverse effects PMC - PMC13218063 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Body mass index OT - Hypothalamic obesity OT - Postoperative craniopharyngioma OT - Predictive model COIS- Declarations. Human ethics and consent to participate: The study was performed in line with the principles of the Decleration of Helsinki. The study was approved by the ethics committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University (No. KY-2024-KY-1086). In compliance with national law and institutional standards, written informed consent was not required and was waived by the ethics committee for this retrospective study. Consent to participate: Not applicable. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/23 06:31 MHDA- 2026/05/29 15:44 PMCR- 2026/05/22 CRDT- 2026/05/23 00:16 PHST- 2026/02/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/29 15:44 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/23 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/23 00:16 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12902-026-02322-x [pii] AID - 2322 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12902-026-02322-x [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Endocr Disord. 2026 May 22;26(1):164. doi: 10.1186/s12902-026-02322-x. PMID- 42174465 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260708 LR - 20260813 IS - 1471-2393 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2393 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 22 TI - Development of an interpretable machine learning model for predicting stress urinary incontinence following the delivery of a first child. LID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09285-w [doi] LID - 725 AB - INTRODUCTION: The goal of this research is to use machine learning (ML) techniques to create a risk prediction model for postpartum stress urinary incontinence (PSUI). To improve screening accuracy and optimize clinical care techniques, the goal is to determine the best model for clinical screening. METHODS: Telephone interviews and computerized medical records were used in this study to gather data, which was then combined into a follow-up data form. We recruited women who underwent surface electromyography (sEMG) at Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Hospital's postpartum rehabilitation clinic between January 2020 and January 2025. A total of 449 primiparous women were included in the study after the inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. A training set and a validation set were randomly selected from the dataset in a 7:3 ratio. Predictive models for persistent postpartum stress urinary incontinence (PSUI) were created using five machine learning algorithms: logistic regression, decision tree, random forest, support vector machine (SVM), and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost). Model performance was evaluated using metrics including the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Model interpretability was achieved through SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis. RESULTS: Eight features were kept in the final model: neonatal birth weight, pre-pregnancy BMI, age at delivery, perineal laceration, mean pre-resting phase, mean post-resting phase, maximum fast-twitch phase, and mean slow-twitch phase. Out of the five algorithms, the Random Forest model performed the best, with a test set AUC of 0.920 (95% CI 0.8704-0.9688, P < 0.05), accuracy of 0.8444, precision of 0.6341, recall of 0.8125, specificity of 0.8544, and an F1 score of 0.7123. Ten-fold cross-test and the test set were used to confirm the model's strong generalizability. CONCLUSION: Strong clinical potential for PSUI risk prediction and screening is demonstrated by the random forest model. To further improve the model's clinical usefulness, future research should increase the sample size and include multicenter data. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Tian, Siwen AU - Tian S AD - The Graduate School of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China. FAU - Sha, Jing AU - Sha J AD - Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Hospital, Urumqi, 830002, China. 13999965869@qq.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260522 PL - England TA - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth JT - BMC pregnancy and childbirth JID - 100967799 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Urinary Incontinence, Stress/diagnosis/etiology MH - Predictive Learning Models MH - Adult MH - Pregnancy MH - Boosting Machine Learning Algorithms MH - Random Forest MH - Logistic Models MH - Electromyography MH - Prediction Algorithms MH - *Machine Learning MH - Classification Algorithms MH - Support Vector Machine MH - Postpartum Period MH - Risk Assessment/methods MH - ROC Curve MH - *Puerperal Disorders/diagnosis MH - Risk Factors MH - *Delivery, Obstetric/adverse effects PMC - PMC13343770 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Machine learning OT - Postpartum period OT - Predictive model OT - Risk assessment OT - Stress urinary incontinence COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Hospital (Approval No.: 202408601). The committee confirmed that the study qualified for an exemption from full ethical review due to its retrospective nature, and consequently waived the requirement for informed consent. All procedures performed in this study were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/23 06:33 MHDA- 2026/07/08 18:52 PMCR- 2026/05/22 CRDT- 2026/05/23 00:14 PHST- 2026/02/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/08 18:52 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/23 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/23 00:14 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09285-w [pii] AID - 9285 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09285-w [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2026 May 22;26(1):725. doi: 10.1186/s12884-026-09285-w. PMID- 42174365 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260813 IS - 1550-9397 (Electronic) IS - 1550-9389 (Print) IS - 1550-9389 (Linking) VI - 22 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 22 TI - Actigraphic estimates of sleep duration in those reporting sleeping less than 7 h. LID - 10.1007/s44470-026-00072-0 [doi] LID - 83 AB - OBJECTIVES: Sleep duration < 7 h increases risk for chronic disease, which makes identifying short sleep duration critical to public health. The goal of this study is to evaluate objective short sleep duration among individuals who self-report insufficient sleep to test and evaluate predictors of the subjective-objective sleep duration difference. METHODS: This study presents baseline data from a sleep extension study involving adults aged 18-65, fluency in English, and self-reported sleep duration 1 year who are homozygous for the F508del variant, targeting the underlying molecular defect. Despite evidence from clinical trials, real-world data in preschool-aged children remain limited. This study evaluated the effectiveness, safety, and tolerability of LUM-IVA in this population over 12 months of follow-up. METHODS: We conducted a multicenter, prospective study in Italy including 69 children with CF aged 1-6 years treated with LUM-IVA. Anthropometric, laboratory, microbiological, and functional parameters were collected at baseline, and after 3, 6 and 12 months. RESULTS: The median age was 3.82 years. LUM-IVA treatment was associated with significant reductions in sweat chloride concentration and pulmonary exacerbation frequency between baseline and 3/6 months. Weight improved significantly between T0 and T3 and between T1 and T2. Lung Clearance Index (LCI) also showed significant improvement between baseline and 6-12 months. Adverse events were mild and manageable; temporary treatment interruptions occurred, with no permanent discontinuations. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, in this real-world cohort of preschool children with CF homozygous for F508del, LUM-IVA therapy was associated with improvements in sweat chloride, pulmonary exacerbation frequency, and weight over 12 months, with an acceptable safety profile. These observational findings support the feasibility of early CFTR modulator therapy. IMPACT: LUM-IVA therapy in preschool children with CF shows significant real-world improvements in sweat chloride, exacerbations, weight, and LCI over 12 months, with an acceptable safety profile. It provides crucial real-world, observational data on LUM-IVA effectiveness and safety. The findings support the early use of LUM-IVA in young children with CF and potentially mitigate early progressive CF damage. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to the International Pediatric Research Foundation, Inc. FAU - Presti, Santiago AU - Presti S AD - Pediatric Respiratory Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, San Marco Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy. FAU - Cimbalo, Chiara AU - Cimbalo C AD - Cystic Fibrosis Regional Reference Centre, Department of Paediatric Medicine, Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Viale Gaetano Pieraccini 24, Florence, Italy. AD - Paediatric Unit, Department of Maternal and Child Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. FAU - Terminiello, Alberto AU - Terminiello A AD - Pediatric Pulmonary Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy. FAU - Fevola, Cristina AU - Fevola C AD - Cystic Fibrosis Regional Reference Centre, Department of Paediatric Medicine, Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Viale Gaetano Pieraccini 24, Florence, Italy. FAU - Dacco, Valeria AU - Dacco V AD - Pediatric Department, Cystic Fibrosis Pediatric Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. FAU - Sepe, Angela AU - Sepe A AD - Paediatric Unit, Department of Maternal and Child Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. FAU - Troiani, Patrizia AU - Troiani P AD - Lazio Reference Center for Cystic Fibrosis, Hospital "Policlinico Umberto I", "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Casciaro, Rosaria AU - Casciaro R AD - Cystic Fibrosis Center, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy. FAU - Di Dio, Noemi AU - Di Dio N AD - Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy. FAU - Castellani, Chiara AU - Castellani C AD - Rehabilitation Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Florence, Italy. FAU - Esposito, Irene AU - Esposito I AD - Paediatric Pulmonology Unit, Regina Margherita Hospital AOU Citta della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy. FAU - Ficili, Francesca AU - Ficili F AD - Cystic Fibrosis Center, Ospedale Giovanni Di Cristina, Palermo, Italy. FAU - De Venuto, Domenica AU - De Venuto D AD - Cystic Fibrosis Regional Center, Department of Biomedical and Human Oncology, Pediatrics Section, U.O. "B. Trambusti", Policlinico, University of Bari, Bari, Italy. FAU - Calderazzo, Maria Adelaide AU - Calderazzo MA AD - Cystic Fibrosis Regional Reference Center, Ospedale Giovanni Paolo II Lamezia Terme, ASP Catanzaro, Italy. FAU - Ripani, Pietro AU - Ripani P AD - Cystic Fibrosis Centre, San Liberatore Hospital, Atri, Italy. FAU - Salvatore, Donatello AU - Salvatore D AD - Cystic Fibrosis Centre, San Carlo Hospital, Potenza, Italy. FAU - Terlizzi, Vito AU - Terlizzi V AD - Cystic Fibrosis Regional Reference Centre, Department of Paediatric Medicine, Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Viale Gaetano Pieraccini 24, Florence, Italy. vito.terlizzi@meyer.it. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260522 PL - United States TA - Pediatr Res JT - Pediatric research JID - 0100714 SB - IM COIS- Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Consent statement: Patients' parents provided informed consent for participation. EDAT- 2026/05/23 05:36 MHDA- 2026/05/23 05:36 CRDT- 2026/05/22 23:24 PHST- 2025/12/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/23 05:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/23 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/22 23:24 [entrez] AID - 10.1038/s41390-026-05121-1 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41390-026-05121-1 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Pediatr Res. 2026 May 22. doi: 10.1038/s41390-026-05121-1. PMID- 42174051 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260730 LR - 20260813 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 22 TI - Radiographic root pulp visibility of the mandibular left second molar as an indicator of legal adulthood (>/= 18 Years): a panoramic study. LID - 10.1038/s41598-026-53748-1 [doi] LID - 23443 AB - This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of mandibular left second molar root pulp visibility (RPV) for legal age classification (>/= 18 years) using panoramic radiographs. A total of 983 orthopantomograms (492 males, 491 females) were retrospectively analyzed. Root pulp visibility was classified according to the staging system described by Olze et al. Diagnostic performance measures, logistic regression analysis, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis were performed. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. A statistically significant association was observed between pulp stage and legal age classification (p < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated a stage-dependent increase in the odds of being classified as >/= 18 years, with Stage 2 and Stage 3 showing strong predictive effects (OR = 6.04 and OR = 19.13, respectively). Diagnostic performance analysis indicated that Stage >/= 2 demonstrated high specificity (0.94). ROC analysis revealed moderate discriminatory performance (AUC = 0.676; 95% CI: 0.647-0.705). Mandibular second molar root pulp visibility may serve as a useful radiographic marker for legal age threshold assessment, particularly at higher pulp stages. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Akyuz, Mehmet AU - Akyuz M AD - Dentomaxillofacial Radiology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey. mehmet.akyuz@erzincan.edu.tr. FAU - Magat, Guldane AU - Magat G AD - Dentomaxillofacial Radiology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey. gul_dent@hotmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260522 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Radiography, Panoramic/methods MH - *Molar/diagnostic imaging MH - Female MH - *Dental Pulp/diagnostic imaging MH - *Tooth Root/diagnostic imaging MH - *Mandible/diagnostic imaging MH - Male MH - *Age Determination by Teeth/methods MH - Adult MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Adolescent MH - Middle Aged MH - ROC Curve MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC13408855 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Age Determination by Teeth OT - Dental Pulp OT - Molar OT - Radiography, Panoramic OT - Sensitivity and Specificity COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/23 05:34 MHDA- 2026/07/30 12:42 PMCR- 2026/05/22 CRDT- 2026/05/22 23:20 PHST- 2026/03/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/30 12:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/23 05:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/22 23:20 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-53748-1 [pii] AID - 53748 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-53748-1 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2026 May 22;16(1):23443. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-53748-1. PMID- 42172946 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260807 LR - 20260807 IS - 1872-6283 (Electronic) IS - 0379-0738 (Linking) VI - 387 DP - 2026 Oct TI - A comparison between London Atlas, Demirjian and Cameriere age estimation methods in Thai children and adolescents. PG - 113003 LID - S0379-0738(26)00190-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.forsciint.2026.113003 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: Dental age estimation is usually performed in medico-legal cases where a youth subject of unknown age is involved. A variety of age estimation methods has been proposed, with different degrees of accuracy found in different population groups. This study aims to compare estimated dental ages from three methods-the London Atlas, Demirjian, and Cameriere-to the chronological age to assess their accuracy and suitability for use in Thai children and adolescents. MATERIALS & METHODS: Panoramic radiographs from 420 Thai individuals (179 males and 241 females) aged between 7 and 20 years were selected for the examination. Each radiograph was analyzed using all three methods, focusing on teeth from the left side of the jaws. The estimated ages were compared to the chronological age to investigate significant differences. RESULTS: Overall, no significant difference was found between London atlas estimated age and chronological age (0.005 years underestimation). However, London atlas showed a higher tendency for overestimation in 7-16 years subjects, where Demirjian method showed no significant difference from chronological age with the least discrepancy (0.018 years underestimation). Cameriere outperformed other methods only in subjects about 7 years old (0.190 years overestimation). Similar trends were observed in separated male and female samples. CONCLUSION: London atlas is suggested for primary screening focusing on 8 and 15 years cut-points. Consecutive application with Cameriere method might improve accuracy in subjects under 8 years, while Demirjian method is recommended for 8-15 years subjects. London atlas considering the third molar is applicable in older subjects. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Benjavongkulchai, Sunpatch AU - Benjavongkulchai S AD - Department of Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. FAU - Sutheerapatranon, Pongsakorn AU - Sutheerapatranon P AD - Undergraduate student, Doctor of Dental Surgery Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. FAU - Pimkow, Sainamphueng AU - Pimkow S AD - Undergraduate student, Doctor of Dental Surgery Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. FAU - Sinpitaksakul, Phonkit AU - Sinpitaksakul P AD - Department of Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. Electronic address: phonkit.s@chula.ac.th. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260514 PL - Ireland TA - Forensic Sci Int JT - Forensic science international JID - 7902034 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Age Determination by Teeth/methods MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - Male MH - Female MH - Radiography, Panoramic MH - Thailand MH - Young Adult MH - Forensic Dentistry/methods MH - *Tooth/diagnostic imaging/growth & development OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent OT - Cameriere OT - Demirjian OT - Dentition OT - London atlas OT - Thailand COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/05/23 05:35 MHDA- 2026/08/08 00:40 CRDT- 2026/05/22 18:07 PHST- 2026/01/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/08 00:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/23 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/22 18:07 [entrez] AID - S0379-0738(26)00190-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.forsciint.2026.113003 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Forensic Sci Int. 2026 Oct;387:113003. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2026.113003. Epub 2026 May 14. PMID- 42172880 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260612 LR - 20260813 IS - 1879-1271 (Electronic) IS - 0268-0033 (Print) IS - 0268-0033 (Linking) VI - 137 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Automated gait classification: Comparison of automated algorithms to expert classification. PG - 106864 LID - S0268-0033(26)00119-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2026.106864 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Accurate classification of gait patterns in children with cerebral palsy (CP) is critical for guiding treatment but requires expert interpretation of data. Automated methods have potential to improve consistency and scalability; however, clinically meaningful automated tools are limited. This work aimed to determine if automated algorithms based on established gait classifications can reproduce expert clinical classification in children with CP. METHODS: An automated MATLAB algorithm was developed to assign gait classifications using two established systems (Rodda & Graham and Rozumalski & Schwartz). A sample of children with CP who met criteria for crouch gait underwent automated classification. Three expert gait analysts independently classified all trials using standardized definitions corresponding to each system. Fleiss's kappa quantified inter-rater reliability, while Cohen's kappa, weighted kappa, percent agreement, and macro F1 scores quantified agreement between each reviewer and the automated classifications. FINDINGS: Inter-rater reliability among reviewers was substantial for Rodda & Graham (kappa = 0.753), with high agreement between reviewers. Inter-rater reliability among reviewers was moderate for Rozumalski & Schwartz (kappa = 0.456) and agreement between raters was lower and more variable, with some classifications demonstrating full disagreement among reviewers. INTERPRETATION: Automated gait classification based on quantitative gait criteria can achieve agreement with gait analysis experts for systems with clear biomechanical boundaries. More complex cluster-based systems yield lower agreement, reflecting inherent ambiguity in cluster overlap. These findings support use of automated tools as reliable, objective ground-truth for large-scale analyses and for training markerless or video-based assessment algorithms aimed at expanding gait evaluation beyond specialized motion laboratories. CI - Copyright (c) 2026. Published by Elsevier Ltd. FAU - Kruger, Karen M AU - Kruger KM AD - Shriners Children's Chicago, 2211 N. Oak Park Ave., Chicago, IL 60707, USA; Orthopedic and Rehabilitation Engineering Center, Marquette University & Medical College of Wisconsin, 1250 W. Wisconsin Ave., Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA. Electronic address: karen.kruger@marquette.edu. FAU - Krzak, Joseph J AU - Krzak JJ AD - Shriners Children's Chicago, 2211 N. Oak Park Ave., Chicago, IL 60707, USA; Midwestern University, Physical Therapy Program, 555 31(st) St., Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA. FAU - Chafetz, Ross S AU - Chafetz RS AD - Shiners Children's Philadelphia, 3551 N Broad St, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA. FAU - Sienko, Susan AU - Sienko S AD - Shriners Children's Portland, 3101 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR 97239, USA. FAU - Bauer, Jeremy P AU - Bauer JP AD - Shriners Children's Portland, 3101 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR 97239, USA. LA - eng GR - R01 HD118205/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260509 PL - England TA - Clin Biomech (Bristol) JT - Clinical biomechanics (Bristol, Avon) JID - 8611877 SB - IM MH - Child MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Automation MH - Biomechanical Phenomena MH - *Cerebral Palsy/physiopathology MH - *Classification Algorithms MH - *Gait Analysis/methods MH - *Gait Disorders, Neurologic/physiopathology MH - Observer Variation MH - *Pattern Recognition, Automated/methods MH - Reproducibility of Results PMC - PMC13288829 MID - NIHMS2178823 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Automated classification OT - Cerebral palsy OT - Clinical decision support OT - Gait analysis OT - Motion analysis COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Karen Kruger reports financial support was provided by National Institutes of Health. Karen Kruger reports financial support was provided by Shriners Children's. Joseph Krzak reports financial support was provided by Shriners Children's. Susan Sienko reports financial support was provided by Shriners Children's. Jeremy Bauer reports financial support was provided by Shriners Children's. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/05/23 05:35 MHDA- 2026/06/12 13:01 PMCR- 2026/06/23 CRDT- 2026/05/22 18:05 PHST- 2026/01/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/12 13:01 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/23 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/22 18:05 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0268-0033(26)00119-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2026.106864 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Clin Biomech (Bristol). 2026 Jul;137:106864. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2026.106864. Epub 2026 May 9. PMID- 42172263 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260813 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 5 DP - 2026 TI - Association between different atherogenic and insulin resistance indices and infertility in polycystic ovary syndrome patients. PG - e0343783 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0343783 [doi] LID - e0343783 AB - BACKGROUND: This study aimed to assess the association between multiple atherogenic and insulin resistance indices-including TyG, TyG-BMI, AIP, TG-HDL, and METS-IR-and infertility in women with PCOS, and to evaluate their clinical utility. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed data from 669 sexually active women aged 18-45 with PCOS treated at a tertiary center in Iran (2021-2023). We compared infertile women with PCOS (>/=12 months unsuccessful conception, n = 274) to fertile women with PCOS (n = 395). Logistic regression, restricted cubic spline, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis were used to assess associations and predictive performance. RESULTS: Infertile women had significantly worse metabolic profiles across all indices (P < 0.001). AIP showed the largest point estimate of association (adjusted OR = 9.065, 95% CI: 1.722-47.721). TG-HDL showed a significant non-linear relationship, with ORs rising steeply up to a ratio of ~2.5. Predictive ability was modest, with AUCs ranging from 0.598 (TyG-BMI) to 0.625 (AIP, TG-HDL). CONCLUSION: Several metabolic indices, particularly AIP, are associated with infertility in women with PCOS, though their standalone predictive utility remains limited. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Jafari et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Jafari, Kasra AU - Jafari K AD - Research Development Center, Arash Women's Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AD - Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Azmi-Naei, Nazanin AU - Azmi-Naei N AD - Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran. FAU - Tajik, Nooshan AU - Tajik N AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Arash Women's Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Moini, Ashraf AU - Moini A AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Endocrinology and Female Infertility Unit, Arash Women's Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AD - Breast Disease Research Center (BDRC), Tehran University Of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AD - Department of Endocrinology and Female Infertility, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Abiri, Amene AU - Abiri A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0207-5677 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Arash Women's Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260522 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/complications/metabolism MH - *Insulin Resistance MH - Adult MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Infertility, Female/metabolism/etiology MH - *Atherosclerosis/complications/metabolism MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Middle Aged MH - ROC Curve MH - Body Mass Index MH - Iran/epidemiology PMC - PMC13196974 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/05/22 19:21 MHDA- 2026/05/22 19:22 PMCR- 2026/05/22 CRDT- 2026/05/22 13:44 PHST- 2025/10/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/22 19:22 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/22 19:21 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/22 13:44 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-25-55841 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0343783 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 May 22;21(5):e0343783. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0343783. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42172186 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261019 LR - 20261021 IS - 1748-3115 (Electronic) IS - 1748-3107 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Design and feasibility implementation of an interactive learning room for children with down syndrome to promote inclusive educational access in Indonesia. PG - 3795-3811 LID - 10.1080/17483107.2026.2674282 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: This study aims to design and evaluate the feasibility of an interactive multisensory learning room to support engagement and school readiness among children with Down syndrome (DS) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in Indonesia. METHODS: A qualitative observational design was employed involving 10 participants aged 3-15 years. The system integrates four interactive components: mimic stimulation, motor coordination, colour recognition, and auditory feedback. Participants engaged in supervised sessions lasting 30-45 minutes. Behavioural responses were assessed using a four-point Likert-type observational scale and supported by semi-structured interviews with parents, caregivers, therapists, and a primary school teacher. Since 2022, the system has been implemented twice weekly with rotating small groups, with additional observations conducted between January 2023 and June 2025. RESULTS: Findings indicate that the motor coordination component significantly increased physical activity and engagement. The music and video components contributed to emotional comfort and improved willingness to participate. Sustained observations suggest consistent engagement patterns over time, supporting the system's usability and adaptability in real-world settings. CONCLUSION: The study demonstrates the feasibility and sustainability of implementing an affordable multisensory learning environment in under-resourced contexts. The findings provide a foundation for future controlled and outcome-based studies and contribute to broader efforts toward inclusive education aligned with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 4, 9, 10, and 17. FAU - Hedwig, Rinda AU - Hedwig R AD - Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia. FAU - Alfianto, Ade Septian AU - Alfianto AS AD - Ukrida Science Center, Krida Wacana Christian University, Jakarta, Indonesia. FAU - Purnama, Louis Putra AU - Purnama LP AD - Ukrida Science Center, Krida Wacana Christian University, Jakarta, Indonesia. FAU - Tanra, Ivan AU - Tanra I AD - Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Smart Technology, Krida Wacana Christian University, Jakarta, Indonesia. FAU - Rombot, Olifia AU - Rombot O AD - Department of Primary Teacher Education, Faculty of Humanity, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia. FAU - Linggarjati, Jimmy AU - Linggarjati J AD - Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia. FAU - Sondhi, Savita AU - Sondhi S AD - Bina Nusantara Group, Jakarta, Indonesia. FAU - Kosasih, Wibowo AU - Kosasih W AD - Bina Nusantara Group, Jakarta, Indonesia. FAU - Tanuwijaya, Evan AU - Tanuwijaya E AD - PT Jendela Lentera Dunia, Bogor, Indonesia. FAU - Sutjiawan, Kenneth AU - Sutjiawan K AD - Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia. FAU - Susanto, Rudy AU - Susanto R AD - Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia. FAU - Saputra, Marcel AU - Saputra M AD - Business Engineering Department, BINUS ASO School of Engineering, Bina Nusantara University, Tangerang, Indonesia. FAU - Wishnoebroto, Wishnoebroto AU - Wishnoebroto W AD - School of Computer Science, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260522 PL - England TA - Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol JT - Disability and rehabilitation. Assistive technology JID - 101255937 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Indonesia MH - *Down Syndrome/rehabilitation MH - Child, Preschool MH - Feasibility Studies MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - *Autism Spectrum Disorder/rehabilitation MH - Qualitative Research MH - *Mainstreaming, Education OAB - Children with disabilities, particularly those with Down syndrome (DS), often face significant barriers to accessing formal education in developing countries.Due to the limited availability of specialised educational facilities, many parents choose to keep their children with disabilities at home, resulting in reduced opportunities for learning and social development.Although the government has introduced initiatives to enhance accessibility and inclusivity in public services for individuals with disabilities, such programmes remain limited in reach, especially in rural and remote regions of Indonesia.Implementing interactive learning rooms for children with DS has the potential to support the development of essential skills, including motor coordination, speech, auditory processing, memory and cognitive recognition. OABL- eng OTO - NOTNLM OT - Children with disabilities OT - Sustainable Development goal OT - affordable technology OT - down syndrome OT - interactive learning room EDAT- 2026/05/22 19:21 MHDA- 2026/10/19 17:31 CRDT- 2026/05/22 13:23 PHST- 2026/10/19 17:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/22 19:21 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/22 13:23 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/17483107.2026.2674282 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol. 2026 Oct;21(7):3795-3811. doi: 10.1080/17483107.2026.2674282. Epub 2026 May 22. PMID- 42172083 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260702 LR - 20260813 IS - 1365-2788 (Electronic) IS - 0964-2633 (Print) IS - 0964-2633 (Linking) VI - 70 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Design and Development of 'Building Opportunities for Optimal physical activity Skills Training in children with Down Syndrome (BOOST-DS)' Programme and its Content Validation through Consensus using Modified Delphi method. PG - 811-822 LID - 10.1111/jir.70119 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Children with Down syndrome (DS) often do not meet daily physical activity requirements, which affects their participation in daily activities and overall quality of life. Structured physical activity programmes could address these issues, but accessible, participation-based activities are limited. METHOD: The Building Opportunities for Optimal physical activity Skills Training in children with Down Syndrome (BOOST-DS) programme was designed, developed and content validated in three phases. A conceptual framework was developed from the relevant literature, followed by the identification physical activity components through brainstorming and discussions. The final content validation phase involved expert consensus using a modified Delphi method. RESULTS: The BOOST-DS identified 62 active play items across six domains of physical activity. After three Delphi rounds, 53 items achieved expert agreement. CONCLUSION: The content-validated BOOST-DS programme includes 53 play-based activities across six physical activity domains to enhance participation outcomes in children with DS. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study was registered in the Clinical Trial Registry of India: CTRI/2023/08/056291 on 5 August 2023. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Journal of Intellectual Disability Research published by MENCAP and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Megha Jain, V AU - Megha Jain V AD - Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Udupi, Karnataka, India. FAU - Rao, Bhamini K AU - Rao BK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2708-0245 AD - Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Udupi, Karnataka, India. FAU - Ramachandran, Selvam AU - Ramachandran S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7227-9547 AD - Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Udupi, Karnataka, India. CN - Delphi Expert Panel LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260522 PL - England TA - J Intellect Disabil Res JT - Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR JID - 9206090 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Down Syndrome/rehabilitation MH - Delphi Technique MH - Child MH - *Exercise Therapy/methods/standards MH - Consensus MH - *Exercise MH - *Program Development/standards MH - Female MH - Male PMC - PMC13327175 OTO - NOTNLM OT - agility OT - balance OT - children with Down syndrome OT - coordination OT - endurance OT - exercise programme OT - flexibility OT - physical activity participation OT - strength COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. FIR - Expert Panel, Delphi IR - Expert Panel D FIR - Kanna, B S Santhosh IR - Kanna BSS FIR - Poojari, Deepalaxmi Paresh IR - Poojari DP FIR - Metgud, Deepa IR - Metgud D FIR - Joshi, Kirti IR - Joshi K FIR - Vijaykumar, Mithula IR - Vijaykumar M FIR - Attal, Radhika IR - Attal R FIR - Alva, Rajitha IR - Alva R FIR - Parmar, Sanjay Tejraj IR - Parmar ST FIR - Karnad, Shreekanth D IR - Karnad SD FIR - Joseph, Smitha Elizabeth IR - Joseph SE FIR - Mohanty, Tanochni IR - Mohanty T EDAT- 2026/05/22 19:21 MHDA- 2026/07/02 18:32 PMCR- 2026/07/02 CRDT- 2026/05/22 12:12 PHST- 2026/04/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/10/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/02 18:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/22 19:21 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/22 12:12 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JIR70119 [pii] AID - 10.1111/jir.70119 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Intellect Disabil Res. 2026 Aug;70(8):811-822. doi: 10.1111/jir.70119. Epub 2026 May 22. PMID- 42172017 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260522 IS - 2047-945X (Electronic) IS - 0260-1060 (Linking) DP - 2026 May 22 TI - From selective eating to rigid healthy eating: Childhood picky eating, perfectionism, and orthorexic tendencies in adulthood. PG - 2601060261454264 LID - 10.1177/02601060261454264 [doi] AB - Background: Orthorexic tendencies involve rigid, rule-governed "healthy eating" and are associated with perfectionism, yet their developmental correlates are less understood. Aim: This study examined whether retrospectively reported childhood picky eating is associated with orthorexic tendencies in adulthood, whether maladaptive perfectionism dimensions mediate these associations, and whether associations vary by gender. Methods: Adults (N = 209) completed validated self-report measures of childhood picky eating, orthorexic tendencies (Eating Habits Questionnaire), and multidimensional perfectionism. Correlations, bootstrapped mediation models (2000 resamples), and gender-moderation analyses were conducted, controlling for age and gender. Results: Childhood picky eating was modestly associated with orthorexic tendencies (r = .18, p = .009). Indirect effects were statistically significant via doubts about actions (beta = .06, 95% CI [.02, .10]) and parental expectations/criticism (beta = .05, 95% CI [.01, .10]). The association was significant among men but not women. Conclusion: Retrospectively reported childhood picky eating may function as a developmental correlate, rather than a deterministic risk factor, for orthorexic tendencies. FAU - Grabois, Maya AU - Grabois M AD - The Nutritional Psychology Laboratory, Tel-Hai Academic College, North District, Israel. RINGGOLD: 54625 AD - Psychology Department, Tel-Hai Academic College, North District, Israel. FAU - Horovitz, Omer AU - Horovitz O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2094-7448 AD - The Nutritional Psychology Laboratory, Tel-Hai Academic College, North District, Israel. RINGGOLD: 54625 AD - Psychology Department, Tel-Hai Academic College, North District, Israel. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260522 PL - England TA - Nutr Health JT - Nutrition and health JID - 8306569 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Orthorexic tendencies OT - developmental correlates OT - eating behavior OT - perfectionism OT - picky eating EDAT- 2026/05/22 12:35 MHDA- 2026/05/22 12:35 CRDT- 2026/05/22 11:33 PHST- 2026/05/22 12:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/22 12:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/22 11:33 [entrez] AID - 10.1177/02601060261454264 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Nutr Health. 2026 May 22:2601060261454264. doi: 10.1177/02601060261454264. PMID- 42171301 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260616 LR - 20260617 IS - 2042-650X (Electronic) IS - 2042-6496 (Linking) VI - 17 IP - 11 DP - 2026 Jun 8 TI - Associations of dietary diversity with type 2 diabetes in two Chinese cohorts: a multi-omics study. PG - 5142-5151 LID - 10.1039/d6fo01294a [doi] AB - Background: The role of overall dietary diversity in type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk remains uncertain, and the potential associations involving the gut microbiota and metabolism are poorly understood. We therefore aimed to elucidate the associations between dietary diversity and T2D development and to explore the roles of gut microbiota and metabolism in two large-scale Chinese cohorts. Methods: This study included 8103 participants aged 18-80 years from the WELL-China cohort as the discovery cohort and 2020 from the Lanxi cohort as the validation cohort. Dietary diversity score (DDS) was calculated using a validated food frequency questionnaire and categorized as high-, medium-, or low-DDS groups. The primary outcome was incident T2D during a median follow-up period of 6.2 years. 16S rRNA sequencing was used to analyze the gut microbiota, while untargeted metabolomics was employed for plasma metabolite profiling. Cox regression was applied in all analyses. Results: High DDS was associated with a lower risk of T2D, with a hazard ratio of 0.71 [p = 0.039; 95% CI: 0.50 to 0.98] compared with low DDS. Eleven bacterial genera and 15 metabolites were identified between the high- and low- DDS groups. Among them, two genera (e.g., Blautia) and four metabolites, such as L-pipecolic acid, enriched in the high-DDS group were negatively correlated with incident T2D, whereas two genera and two metabolites depleted in the high-DDS group showed positive associations. Furthermore, most metabolites enriched in the high-DDS group were positively associated with high-DDS-enriched genera and linked to protective pathways (e.g., vitamin B6 metabolism); opposite associations were observed for depleted metabolites, which were linked to steroid hormone biosynthesis, a pathway whose dysregulation is closely linked to insulin resistance. Conclusions: Higher dietary diversity was associated with a lower risk of T2D, which might be partially due to the combined effects and interactions of beneficial bacteria and anti-inflammatory metabolites. Our findings position DDS as an easily modifiable lifestyle factor for T2D prevention, supporting its integration into public health guidelines. FAU - Zhao, Boya AU - Zhao B AD - Department of Endocrinology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Chronic Disease Research Institute, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-hang-tang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058 China. zjuhewei@zju.edu.cn. AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Li, Yuwei AU - Li Y AD - Department of Endocrinology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Chronic Disease Research Institute, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-hang-tang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058 China. zjuhewei@zju.edu.cn. AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Li, Siyu AU - Li S AD - Department of Endocrinology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Chronic Disease Research Institute, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-hang-tang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058 China. zjuhewei@zju.edu.cn. AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Xu, Nuo AU - Xu N AD - Department of Endocrinology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Chronic Disease Research Institute, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-hang-tang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058 China. zjuhewei@zju.edu.cn. AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Shi, Yuwei AU - Shi Y AD - Department of Endocrinology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Chronic Disease Research Institute, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-hang-tang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058 China. zjuhewei@zju.edu.cn. AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Yu, Yuji AU - Yu Y AD - Department of Endocrinology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Chronic Disease Research Institute, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-hang-tang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058 China. zjuhewei@zju.edu.cn. AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Zheng, Weifang AU - Zheng W AD - Lanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanxi, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Wu, Yi-Hsuan AU - Wu YH AD - Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. AD - Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. FAU - Hu, Emily AU - Hu E AD - Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. FAU - Huang, Po-Kai AU - Huang PK AD - Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. FAU - Lee, Eunhye AU - Lee E AD - Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. FAU - Chang, Chi AU - Chang C AD - Office of Medical Education Research and Development, and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA. FAU - Lu, Ying AU - Lu Y AD - Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. FAU - John, Esther M AU - John EM AD - Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. FAU - Hsing, Ann W AU - Hsing AW AD - Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. AD - Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. AD - Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. FAU - He, Wei AU - He W AD - Department of Endocrinology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Chronic Disease Research Institute, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-hang-tang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058 China. zjuhewei@zju.edu.cn. AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. AD - Binjiang Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Zhu, Shankuan AU - Zhu S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9509-7364 AD - Department of Endocrinology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Chronic Disease Research Institute, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-hang-tang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058 China. zjuhewei@zju.edu.cn. AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. AD - Binjiang Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260608 PL - England TA - Food Funct JT - Food & function JID - 101549033 RN - 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 16S) RN - Chinese people SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology/microbiology/metabolism MH - Middle Aged MH - China/epidemiology MH - Female MH - Aged MH - Male MH - Adult MH - Gastrointestinal Microbiome MH - Multiomics MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - *Diet MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Cohort Studies MH - RNA, Ribosomal, 16S MH - Bacteria/classification/genetics/isolation & purification MH - Metabolomics MH - East Asian People EDAT- 2026/05/22 12:34 MHDA- 2026/06/16 13:31 CRDT- 2026/05/22 08:38 PHST- 2026/06/16 13:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/22 12:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/22 08:38 [entrez] AID - 10.1039/d6fo01294a [doi] PST - epublish SO - Food Funct. 2026 Jun 8;17(11):5142-5151. doi: 10.1039/d6fo01294a. PMID- 42168995 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260719 LR - 20260824 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 21 TI - Prevalence and determinants of sedentary behavior among university students in Yemen: a national multicenter cross-sectional study. LID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27767-6 [doi] LID - 2182 AB - BACKGROUND: Sedentary behavior is increasingly recognized as an independent risk factor for adverse physical and mental health outcomes. University students are particularly vulnerable due to prolonged sitting associated with academic demands. However, data on SB among university students in Yemen remain limited. This study aimed to assess the prevalence, patterns, and determinants of sedentary behavior among Yemeni university students. METHODS: A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted among 8,312 university students aged 18-30 years from 28 public and private universities across 10 Yemeni cities. Participants were recruited using a non-probability convenience sampling approach via online platforms, which may introduce selection bias. Data were collected using a web-based, self-administered questionnaire including sociodemographic characteristics and the validated Arabic version of the Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire (SBQ). Average daily sedentary time was calculated, and prolonged sedentary behavior was defined as >/= 7 h/day. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with prolonged sedentary behavior. RESULTS: The mean daily sedentary time was 326.3 +/- 211.4 min, and 28.6% of students reported prolonged sedentary behavior. Watching television was the most common sedentary activity, followed by academic work and phone use. Sedentary time was higher among females and younger students in descriptive analyses. In multivariable analysis, enrollment in private universities (OR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.68-2.08), studying in scientific/engineering/technical (OR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.30-1.68) or administrative/economic disciplines (OR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.12-1.53), smoking (OR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.12-1.47), and lack of access to university physical activity facilities (OR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.16-1.47) were independently associated with higher odds of prolonged sedentary behavior. Older age was associated with lower odds (21-24 years: OR = 0.82; >/=25 years: OR = 0.64). CONCLUSION: Sedentary behavior is common among Yemeni university students, with certain groups at higher risk. These findings suggest that university-based strategies, such as improving access to physical activity facilities and promoting active lifestyles, may help reduce sedentary time and support student health. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Al-Bawah, Naji AU - Al-Bawah N AD - Faculty of Medicine, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen. Najialbawah@gmail.com. FAU - Baklola, Mohamed AU - Baklola M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5572-0852 AD - Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University Hospitals, Mansoura Universiry, Mansoura, Egypt. Mohamedbaklola2000@gmail.com. FAU - Arrabyee, Mohammed R AU - Arrabyee MR AD - Faculty of Medicine, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen. mohammedarrabyee@gmail.com. FAU - Benmelouka, Amira Yasmine AU - Benmelouka AY AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Algiers, Algiers, Algeria. FAU - Ramadan, Alaa AU - Ramadan A AD - Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt. FAU - Mousa, Mariam Mohamed AU - Mousa MM AD - Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt. FAU - Al-Hemiary, Abdulrahman Saeed AU - Al-Hemiary AS AD - Faculty of Medicine, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen. FAU - Homil, Osamah AU - Homil O AD - Faculty of Medicine, Emirates International University, Sana'a, Yemen. FAU - Aladimi, Mohammed AU - Aladimi M AD - Faculty of Medicine, Emirates International University, Sana'a, Yemen. FAU - Ban Rafuid, Husam Addin AU - Ban Rafuid HA AD - Faculty of Medicine, Emirates International University, Sana'a, Yemen. FAU - Al-Tashi, Ibrahim Isam AU - Al-Tashi II AD - Faculty of Medicine, Emirates International University, Sana'a, Yemen. FAU - Almagrami, Abdulrhman Abdo AU - Almagrami AA AD - Faculty of Medicine, Saba Region University, Marib, Yemen. FAU - Al-Shaaby, Abdulkareem AU - Al-Shaaby A AD - Faculty of Medicine, 21 September University, Sana'a, Yemen. FAU - Al-Hamzi, Abdullah AU - Al-Hamzi A AD - Faculty of Medicine, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen. FAU - Al-Othrubi, Ziad Mohammed AU - Al-Othrubi ZM AD - Faculty of Medicine, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen. FAU - Sharyan, Ehab AU - Sharyan E AD - Faculty of Medicine, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen. FAU - Alaribi, Saif AU - Alaribi S AD - Faculty of Medicine, Emirates International University, Sana'a, Yemen. FAU - Ali, Ismail AU - Ali I AD - Faculty of Medicine, Jiblah University for Health and Medical Sciences, Ibb, Yemen. FAU - Arrabyee, Waseem B AU - Arrabyee WB AD - Faculty of Medicine, 21 September University, Sana'a, Yemen. FAU - Alharazi, Abdulmalik AU - Alharazi A AD - Faculty of Medicine, Emirates International University, Sana'a, Yemen. FAU - Al-Hendi, Mohammed AU - Al-Hendi M AD - Faculty of Medicine, Jiblah University for Health and Medical Sciences, Ibb, Yemen. FAU - Yahia, Fekri AU - Yahia F AD - Faculty of Medicine, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen. FAU - Alwajeeh, Tarheeb AU - Alwajeeh T AD - Faculty of Medicine, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen. FAU - Al-Jahmi, Amjed AU - Al-Jahmi A AD - Faculty of Medicine, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen. FAU - Al-Eryani, Ahmed AU - Al-Eryani A AD - Faculty of Medicine, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen. FAU - Qarih, Naqib AU - Qarih N AD - Faculty of Medicine, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen. FAU - Rashed, Mujahed AU - Rashed M AD - Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Amran University, Amran, Yemen. FAU - Youssef, Youssef T AU - Youssef YT AD - Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University Hospitals, Mansoura Universiry, Mansoura, Egypt. FAU - Helal, Mohamed Basyouni AU - Helal MB AD - Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt. FAU - Abdelrahman, Mahitab Mohamed AU - Abdelrahman MM AD - Nursing administration and education department, College of Nursing, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Elsehrawy, Mohamed Gamal AU - Elsehrawy MG AD - Nursing administration and education department, College of Nursing, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study DEP - 20260521 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Sedentary Behavior MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Universities MH - *Students/statistics & numerical data/psychology MH - Young Adult MH - Yemen/epidemiology MH - Adolescent MH - Male MH - Adult MH - Prevalence MH - Surveys and Questionnaires PMC - PMC13383506 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Lifestyle factors OT - Physical inactivity OT - Public health OT - Sedentary behavior OT - University students OT - Yemen OT - Young adults COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Amran University prior to study initiation (protocol code: 825). The study was conducted in accordance with established ethical standards for human research and adhered to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Participation was voluntary, and participants were informed about the study objectives, the confidentiality and anonymity of their responses, and their right to withdraw at any time without consequences. Electronic informed consent was obtained from all participants before completing the questionnaire. No personally identifiable information was collected. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/22 06:32 MHDA- 2026/07/20 00:37 PMCR- 2026/05/21 CRDT- 2026/05/22 00:27 PHST- 2026/03/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/20 00:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/22 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/22 00:27 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27767-6 [pii] AID - 27767 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27767-6 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2026 May 21;26(1):2182. doi: 10.1186/s12889-026-27767-6. PMID- 42168987 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260805 LR - 20260813 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 21 TI - Prevalence of overweight and obesity and their associations with lifestyle habits among late adolescents in the Northern Border Region of Saudi Arabia: a cross‑sectional study. LID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27537-4 [doi] LID - 2272 AB - BACKGROUND: Adolescent obesity is a growing public health problem worldwide, and Saudi data show a high and rising burden of excess weight among youth with marked regional and gender disparities. Late adolescence is a critical window in which lifestyle behaviours consolidate and track into adulthood. AIM: To estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity (primary outcome) and to examine their associations with lifestyle habits, including physical activity, sedentary behaviour, sleep, and dietary patterns (secondary outcomes), among late adolescents in the Northern Border Region of Saudi Arabia. METHODS: A cross‑sectional study was conducted among 352 late adolescents (18-21 years) enrolled in high schools and universities in the Northern Border Region, selected from a finite population of 51,461 using Cochran's formula. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated from self‑reported weight/height, and classified according to WHO cut‑offs. Lifestyle habits were assessed using the validated Arab Teens Lifestyle (ATLS) questionnaire, which covers sociodemographic characteristics, physical activity, sedentary behaviour, sleep, and dietary habits. Associations between BMI categories and covariates were examined using Pearson's Chi-square tests and t‑tests/ANOVA, and multiple linear regression was used to identify factors independently associated with BMI. RESULTS: Among participants, 54.1% of those aged 18 years or younger were overweight, while 68.8% of those >18 years were obese (p =0.004). Males predominated in the overweight group (72.1%), whereas females accounted for most obese participants (59.7%; p <0.001). Lower family income (5,000 to less than 10,000 SAR) was associated with overweight (73.8%) and obesity (57.1%; p < 0.001). High screen time (>2 hours/day) was reported by 82.8% of overweight adolescents (p <0.001). High consumption of sugary and energy drinks was associated with higher BMI, whereas frequent fruit and vegetable intake was associated with significantly lower BMI (all p <0.001). In multivariable analysis, total physical activity was independently associated with lower BMI (B = -0.16, p<0.001), whereas a higher composite dietary score was modestly positively associated with BMI (B = 0.12, p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Overweight and obesity are common among late adolescents in the Saudi Northern Border Region and are closely linked to sociodemographic, behavioural, and dietary factors. Physical activity emerged as the key modifiable protective factor. In contrast, high screen time and frequent consumption of sugary drinks were associated with higher BMI, underscoring the need for targeted changes in food environments and opportunities for safe physical activity. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Negm, Lobna Mohamed Mohamed Abu AU - Negm LMMA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3824-1438 AD - Medical Surgical Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. dr.lubna.mohmmed@nursing.asu.edu.eg. AD - Emergency and Intensive Care Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia. dr.lubna.mohmmed@nursing.asu.edu.eg. FAU - Aboelola, Taghreed Hussien AU - Aboelola TH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7996-697X AD - Public Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Mersal, Fathia Ahmed AU - Mersal FA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6450-5097 AD - Public Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alanazi, Jawaher Mohammed AU - Alanazi JM AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-8807-7785 AD - Bone marrow and stem cells Transplantation Department, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Second Health Cluster, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alanazi, Rawan Khalid AU - Alanazi RK AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-6874-7049 AD - Faculty of Nursing, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Al-Shammari, Reem Ali Jalawi AU - Al-Shammari RAJ AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-6736-0680 AD - Maternity and Pediatric Hospital, Northern Borders Health Cluster, Rafha, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alanazi, Raghad Saad AU - Alanazi RS AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-7373-8395 AD - Faculty of Nursing, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Fawzy, Manal S AU - Fawzy MS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1252-8403 AD - Center for Health Research, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia. manal.darwish@nbu.edu.sa. FAU - Eltaib, Fatma Abdou Ahmed AU - Eltaib FAA AD - Medical Surgical Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. AD - Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260521 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Saudi Arabia/epidemiology MH - Adolescent MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Life Style MH - Young Adult MH - Prevalence MH - *Overweight/epidemiology MH - Body Mass Index MH - Sedentary Behavior MH - *Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology MH - Exercise MH - Feeding Behavior PMC - PMC13440119 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Arab Teens Lifestyle Study (ATLS), Northern Border Region OT - Late-adolescent OT - Lifestyle habits OT - Obesity OT - Saudi Arabia COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: "The study was approved by the Local Committee of Bioethics at Northern Border University, Saudi Arabia (approval number: 121/24/H). Informed consent was obtained from all participants before taking part." Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/22 06:32 MHDA- 2026/08/05 06:41 PMCR- 2026/05/21 CRDT- 2026/05/22 00:26 PHST- 2025/12/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/05 06:41 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/22 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/22 00:26 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27537-4 [pii] AID - 27537 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27537-4 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2026 May 21;26(1):2272. doi: 10.1186/s12889-026-27537-4. PMID- 42168080 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260717 IS - 1476-4954 (Electronic) IS - 1476-4954 (Linking) VI - 39 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Dec TI - Cerebroplacental-uterine ratio combined with ultrasound parameters for predicting perinatal outcomes in late-onset FGR. PG - 2673697 LID - 10.1080/14767058.2026.2673697 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To investigate the predictive value of the cerebroplacental-uterine ratio (CPUR) combined with multiple ultrasound parameters for adverse perinatal outcomes (APOs) in late-onset fetal growth restriction (FGR). METHODS: This retrospective study included 149 singleton pregnant women diagnosed with suspected late-onset FGR at our hospital from August 2023 to January 2025. Based on perinatal outcomes, they were divided into a non-adverse outcome group (105 cases) and an adverse outcome group (44 cases). Ultrasound parameters including umbilical artery pulsatility index (UA-PI), middle cerebral artery pulsatility index (MCA-PI), uterine artery pulsatility index (UtA-PI), cerebroplacental ratio (CPR), CPUR, aortic isthmus pulsatility index (AoI-PI), and estimated fetal weight (EFW) percentile were measured and compared between the two groups. Univariate analysis was used to screen significant variables, followed by binary logistic regression analysis to identify independent predictors. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to evaluate the predictive performance of individual indicators and combined models. RESULTS: The adverse outcome group had significantly higher levels of UA-PI, UtA-PI, AoI-PI, and a higher proportion of EFW <5th percentile compared to the non-adverse outcome group, while MCA-PI, CPR, and CPUR levels were significantly lower (all p < 0.001). Multivariate regression analysis showed that CPUR (OR = 0.061, 95% CI: 0.021-0.172), AoI-PI (OR = 14.003, 95% CI: 3.928-49.925), and EFW <5th percentile (OR = 3.386, 95% CI: 1.124-10.193) were independent predictors of APOs in late-onset FGR. ROC curve analysis revealed that the combined prediction model incorporating CPUR, AoI-PI, and EFW (<5th) had the best predictive performance, with an AUC of 0.932 (95% CI: 0.890-0.974), sensitivity of 84.1%, and specificity of 86.7%, outperforming any single indicator. CONCLUSION: CPUR, AoI-PI, and EFW (<5th) are independent predictors of APOs in late-onset FGR. The combined prediction model constructed from these three parameters demonstrates high predictive value and may provide a reference for early identification of high-risk fetuses and optimization of perinatal management. FAU - Chen, Chun AU - Chen C AD - Department of Obstetrics, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China. FAU - Yan, Fang AU - Yan F AD - Department of Obstetrics, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China. FAU - Li, Xiuling AU - Li X AD - Department of Obstetrics, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China. FAU - Hou, Qingsha AU - Hou Q AD - Department of Obstetrics, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China. FAU - Wei, Yuxin AU - Wei Y AD - Department of Obstetrics, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China. FAU - Dong, Xudong AU - Dong X AD - Department of Obstetrics, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260521 PL - England TA - J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med JT - The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians JID - 101136916 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Fetal Growth Retardation/diagnostic imaging MH - Pregnancy MH - Female MH - *Ultrasonography, Prenatal MH - *Umbilical Arteries/diagnostic imaging MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Middle Cerebral Artery/diagnostic imaging MH - Adult MH - *Uterine Artery/diagnostic imaging MH - Pregnancy Outcome MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - Pulsatile Flow MH - *Placenta/diagnostic imaging/blood supply MH - Infant, Newborn OTO - NOTNLM OT - Fetal growth restriction OT - cerebroplacental-uterine ratio OT - multiple ultrasound parameters OT - perinatal outcome OT - predictive value EDAT- 2026/05/22 00:33 MHDA- 2026/05/22 00:34 CRDT- 2026/05/21 22:02 PHST- 2026/05/22 00:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/22 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/21 22:02 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/14767058.2026.2673697 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2026 Dec;39(1):2673697. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2026.2673697. Epub 2026 May 21. PMID- 42167647 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261020 IS - 1527-5418 (Electronic) IS - 0890-8567 (Linking) DP - 2026 May 20 TI - Optimizing Pharmacological Treatment in Children and Adolescents With Major Depressive Disorder: An Individual Participant Data Analysis. LID - S0890-8567(26)00233-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jaac.2026.05.010 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: The specific influence of individual characteristics on antidepressant efficacy and tolerability in pediatric major depressive disorder (MDD) remains unclear. This study aimed to characterize subgroup-specific treatment efficacy and to establish a preliminary scientific foundation for precision psychiatry in pediatric MDD management based on available data. METHOD: An individual participant data (IPD) analysis of double-blind randomized trials (RCTs) was conducted to compare antidepressants with placebo for the acute treatment of MDD in children and adolescents. Subgroup analyses identified treatment outcome differences by participant characteristics, with mixed-effects models used to examine effect modifiers. Primary outcomes were efficacy (depressive symptom change, mean difference [MD]) and tolerability (adverse event-related withdrawals, odds ratio [OR]). Secondary outcomes included deterioration and suicide-related outcomes. The protocol is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42016051657). RESULTS: IPD from 10 of 40 eligible RCTs (2,584 participants) on 5 antidepressants (fluoxetine [n = 475], imipramine [n = 95], paroxetine [n = 413], desvenlafaxine [n = 358], duloxetine [n = 341]), and placebo [n = 902] were analyzed. Most trials had "some concerns" for risk of bias. There was also substantial missing data for key covariates (eg, 53% for family history of psychiatric disorders). Inconsistencies in the reporting and collection of suicide-related outcomes (ideation and attempts) limited our analyses. In the individual participant meta-analysis, subgroup analysis showed that fluoxetine was the only agent significantly more effective than placebo (MD = -2.43). Imipramine (OR = 5.43) and paroxetine (OR = 1.85) showed poor tolerability. In terms of subgroup analyses based on individual participant characteristics, fluoxetine demonstrated superior efficacy in children, female participants, White participants, healthy weight participants, and those with severe symptoms (MDs = -3.90 to -2.60). Fluoxetine also showed less deterioration in female participants (OR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.37 to 0.83). No significant differences in suicide-related outcomes were observed across subgroups based on individual characteristics. CONCLUSION: These provide a preliminary understanding of one possible precision medicine framework for pediatric MDD, indicating that individual characteristics (age, sex, ethnicity, body mass index [BMI], symptom severity, family history) may influence treatment outcomes. Exploratory subgroup analyses suggest fluoxetine's efficacy may be more pronounced in certain populations: children, female participants, White individuals, healthy weight participants, and those with severe symptoms. These findings should be interpreted with caution as IPD was only available from a quarter of eligible clinical trials, introducing data availability bias. These findings also require further validation in more diverse cohorts. Universal suicide-related outcome assessment across all subgroups (regardless of individual characteristics) remains essential. Broader data sharing is needed to improve representativeness in future IPD analyses. STUDY REGISTRATION INFORMATION: Comparative efficacy and tolerability of new-generation antidepressants for major depressive disorder in children and adolescents: protocol of an individual patient data meta-analysis; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42016051657. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Xiang, Yajie AU - Xiang Y AD - Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Cuijpers, Pim AU - Cuijpers P AD - Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Li, Wei AU - Li W AD - The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chengdu Third People's Hospital, Chengdu, China. FAU - Bao, Qingyan AU - Bao Q AD - The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Weisz, John R AU - Weisz JR AD - Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts. FAU - Shi, Jie AU - Shi J AD - National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China. FAU - Du, Xiaoyan AU - Du X AD - Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Yang, Hongmei AU - Yang H AD - The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Barth, Jurgen AU - Barth J AD - Institute for Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Coghill, David AU - Coghill D AD - Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Leucht, Stefan AU - Leucht S AD - School of Medicine and Health, Technische Universitat Munchen, Munich, Germany. FAU - Hazell, Philip AU - Hazell P AD - Discipline of Psychiatry, Sydney Medical School, Concord West, New South Wales, Australia. FAU - Cohen, David AU - Cohen D AD - Hopital Pitie-Salpetriere, Institut des Systemes Intelligents et Robotiques, Sorbonne Universite, Paris, France. FAU - Ravindran, Arun V AU - Ravindran AV AD - Campbell Family Mental Health Research Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Michael, Kurt D AU - Michael KD AD - The Jed Foundation, New York, New York; Huntsman Mental Health Institute, University of Utah, Child Psychiatry, Salt Lake City, Utah. FAU - Teng, Teng AU - Teng T AD - The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Zhou, Xinyu AU - Zhou X AD - The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Lu, Lin AU - Lu L AD - National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China; Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China; Institute of Brain Science and Brain-inspired Research, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China. FAU - Xie, Peng AU - Xie P AD - The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. Electronic address: xiepeng@cqmu.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260520 PL - United States TA - J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry JT - Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry JID - 8704565 SB - IM EIN - J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2026 Jul 24:S0890-8567(26)01538-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2026.07.1226. PMID: 42498220 EIN - J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2026 Oct 20:S0890-8567(26)02197-0. doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2026.10.014. PMID: 42901237 OTO - NOTNLM OT - antidepressant OT - child and adolescent OT - depression OT - individual participant data EDAT- 2026/05/22 00:33 MHDA- 2026/05/22 00:33 CRDT- 2026/05/21 19:40 PHST- 2025/10/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/22 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/22 00:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/21 19:40 [entrez] AID - S0890-8567(26)00233-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jaac.2026.05.010 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2026 May 20:S0890-8567(26)00233-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2026.05.010. PMID- 42167393 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260722 LR - 20260903 IS - 1878-5476 (Electronic) IS - 1878-5476 (Linking) VI - 86 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Feasibility and acceptability of a social media-based physical activity intervention for college women. PG - 103154 LID - S1469-0292(26)00095-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.psychsport.2026.103154 [doi] AB - College women are less physically active than male peers, highlighting the need for tailored physical activity (PA) interventions that address women's unique needs in collegiate settings. Social media platforms (e.g., Instagram) offer a promising avenue to deliver PA interventions using freely-available fitness influencer content. This single-arm study tested the feasibility of an 8-week social media-based intervention leveraging fitness influencer content to promote moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and muscle-strengthening activities. Researchers recruited insufficiently physically active college women aged 18-24. Intervention components included: 1) researcher-generated Instagram posts, 2) group chat, 3) content identification tool (Green or Red Flags), 4) researcher-selected fitness influencer content, and 5) Fitbit(R) accounts. Participants completed surveys at baseline, weeks 4 and 8 and a subset completed a semi-structured post-intervention interview. The primary outcomes were feasibility and acceptability (e.g., enrollment, retention, engagement); changes in possible outcomes of interest for a future efficacy trial were explored as secondary outcomes (e.g., increases in PA and psychosocial constructs (e.g. self-regulation)). Benchmarks of success were predefined for each outcome (e.g., retention: more than 75% complete the intervention). Of 25 who enrolled, 23 participants (M(age) = 20.3 +/- 1.8 years) completed the intervention. Enrollment (75.8% > 50%) and retention (92.0% > 75%) were successful, though not all primary outcome benchmarks were achieved (e.g., engagement). PA results were mixed (MVPA and muscle-strengthening activities) and some significant improvements in self-regulation (p = 0.02, 0.005) were observed. Findings suggest preliminary feasibility and acceptability of this novel approach. Results provide an important foundation for refinements to enhance engagement prior to further testing and development. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Lavoie, Hannah A AU - Lavoie HA AD - University of Florida, College of Health and Human Performance, Department of Health Education & Behavior, Gainesville, FL, United States. Electronic address: hlavoie@ufl.edu. FAU - McVay, Megan A AU - McVay MA AD - University of Florida, College of Health and Human Performance, Department of Health Education & Behavior, Gainesville, FL, United States. FAU - Pearl, Rebecca L AU - Pearl RL AD - University of Florida, College of Public Health and Health Professions, Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Gainesville, FL, United States. FAU - Fisher, Carla L AU - Fisher CL AD - University of Florida, College of Medicine, Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, Gainesville, FL, United States. FAU - Wilkins, Francesca L AU - Wilkins FL AD - University of Florida, College of Health and Human Performance, Department of Health Education & Behavior, Gainesville, FL, United States. FAU - Jake-Schoffman, Danielle E AU - Jake-Schoffman DE AD - University of Florida, College of Health and Human Performance, Department of Health Education & Behavior, Gainesville, FL, United States. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20260520 PL - Netherlands TA - Psychol Sport Exerc JT - Psychology of sport and exercise JID - 101088724 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Social Media MH - Feasibility Studies MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - Young Adult MH - Universities MH - Adolescent MH - *Health Promotion/methods MH - Students/psychology MH - Media Exposure OTO - NOTNLM OT - College women OT - Digital health OT - Intervention OT - Muscle-strengthening activity OT - Physical activity OT - Social media COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/05/22 00:33 MHDA- 2026/07/23 05:37 CRDT- 2026/05/21 19:37 PHST- 2025/11/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/23 05:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/22 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/21 19:37 [entrez] AID - S1469-0292(26)00095-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.psychsport.2026.103154 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Psychol Sport Exerc. 2026 Sep;86:103154. doi: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2026.103154. Epub 2026 May 20. PMID- 42166858 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260611 LR - 20260813 IS - 1879-0453 (Electronic) IS - 0163-6383 (Print) IS - 0163-6383 (Linking) VI - 83 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Assessing the feasibility of a wearable consumer device for capturing newborns' sleep patterns in naturalistic environments. PG - 102200 LID - S0163-6383(26)00023-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.infbeh.2026.102200 [doi] AB - Newborn sleep plays a vital role in early neurological and physiological development and may have lasting consequences for infants' developmental trajectories. However, few methods capture high-density sleep data in naturalistic settings during the newborn period. We address this by assessing the utility of the Owlet Dream Sock for capturing sleep patterns, timing, and duration in the home. Thirty-nine newborns (51.30% female, M age = 9.38 days old, SD = 6.40) wore the Owlet Dream Sock for fourteen days during all sleep periods. Newborns exhibited two common types of sleep bouts, light-only bouts (awake --> light sleep --> awake sequences) and full sleep cycles (awake --> light sleep --> deep sleep --> light sleep --> awake sequences). On average, sleep bouts began around 11:48 AM, and newborns spent approximately 172 monitoring minutes awake, 536 in light sleep, and 54 in deep sleep per day. The duration of time spent awake and in light sleep did not change over the assessment period; however, both the duration of deep sleep and the number of full sleep cycles increased each week. While nighttime sleep minutes did not change, daytime sleep minutes decreased. The Owlet Dream Sock shows acceptable feasibility for capturing high-density newborn sleep data to capture developmental changes in sleep patterns over the first weeks of life. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Speck, Bailey AU - Speck B AD - Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, United States. Electronic address: bspeck@uoregon.edu. FAU - Matsunaga, Eric AU - Matsunaga E AD - Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, United States. FAU - El-Arabaty, S Amr AU - El-Arabaty SA AD - Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, United States. FAU - Aringer, Alexandra S AU - Aringer AS AD - Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, United States. FAU - Deboeck, Pascal R AU - Deboeck PR AD - Department of Psychology, University of Utah, United States. FAU - Salisbury, Amy L AU - Salisbury AL AD - School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, United States. FAU - Conradt, Elisabeth AU - Conradt E AD - Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, United States. FAU - Crowell, Sheila E AU - Crowell SE AD - Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, United States. LA - eng GR - RF1 MH132210/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260521 PL - United States TA - Infant Behav Dev JT - Infant behavior & development JID - 7806016 SB - IM MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Male MH - Actigraphy/instrumentation MH - Feasibility Studies MH - *Sleep Duration MH - Wakefulness/physiology MH - *Wearable Electronic Devices PMC - PMC13335413 MID - NIHMS2179647 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Actigraphy OT - Newborn OT - Owlet OT - Sleep OT - Sleep states OT - Sleep timing EDAT- 2026/05/22 00:33 MHDA- 2026/06/11 12:41 PMCR- 2026/07/06 CRDT- 2026/05/21 18:02 PHST- 2026/01/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/11 12:41 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/22 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/21 18:02 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0163-6383(26)00023-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.infbeh.2026.102200 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Infant Behav Dev. 2026 Jun;83:102200. doi: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2026.102200. Epub 2026 May 21. PMID- 42166361 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260914 LR - 20260914 IS - 2769-707X (Electronic) IS - 2769-7061 (Linking) VI - 45 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Sep-Oct TI - Cell Membrane Capacitance and Characteristic Frequency Among Youth and Adults: Reference Data From NHANES 1999-2000. PG - 622-631 LID - 10.1080/27697061.2026.2665157 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Cell membrane capacitance (Cm) and characteristic frequency (fc) are two lesser-studied bioelectrical characteristics that may provide valuable insight into cell membrane integrity, yet reference data on these variables are scant. This study aimed to report normative data for Cm and fc among youth and adult populations. Secondary aims were to compare Cm and fc between subgroups, compare 50 kHz to fc, and explore relationships between fc and fat-free mass (FFM). METHOD: A secondary analysis was performed using data from the 1999-2000 U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data set, including bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy data from male and female youth (8-17 years) and adults (18-49 years) to report reference data. Mann-Whitney U comparisons between sex and age subgroups and one-sample Wilcoxon rank test comparing fc to the common 50-kHz approximation were also conducted. RESULTS: Cm and fc ranged among youth (Cm = 0.43-4.57 nF; fc = 20.0-95.0 kHz) and adults (Cm = 0.65-4.68 nF; fc = 26.0-89.0 kHz). The youth group had significantly lower Cm (p < .001) and higher fc (p < .001) than the adults, while males had significantly higher Cm (p < .001) and lower fc (p < .001) than females. Compared to 50 kHz, fc was 9.0 kHz higher in youth (p < .001) and 7.0 kHz lower in adults (p < .001), while being 4.0 kHz lower with all ages combined (p < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Cm appears to mirror expected FFM differences between youths and adults and between males and females, while fc appears to have a largely inverse relationship with FFM, although the relationship is quadratic with a nadir near 35 to 40 kHz in adulthood. Cm and fc may have potential as noninvasive and clinically practical indicators of cell membrane functionality and maturation, although more research is needed to examine longitudinal validity of these measures alongside direct cellular observation. FAU - Lafontant, Kworweinski AU - Lafontant K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8756-9827 AD - Physiology of Work and Exercise Response (POWER) Lab, Institute of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA. FAU - Robinson, Marcus AU - Robinson M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-3817-8695 AD - Physiology of Work and Exercise Response (POWER) Lab, Institute of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA. FAU - Sterner, Danielle A AU - Sterner DA AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-4701-4070 AD - Physiology of Work and Exercise Response (POWER) Lab, Institute of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA. FAU - Lebron, Modesto A AU - Lebron MA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2636-4318 AD - Physiology of Work and Exercise Response (POWER) Lab, Institute of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA. AD - Department of Kinesiology, Mississippi State University, Starkville, Mississippi, USA. FAU - Antonio, Brandi AU - Antonio B AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-1083-8281 AD - Physiology of Work and Exercise Response (POWER) Lab, Institute of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA. FAU - Livingston, Jack AU - Livingston J AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-0356-9749 AD - Physiology of Work and Exercise Response (POWER) Lab, Institute of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA. FAU - Smith, Sofea AU - Smith S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-7673-4697 AD - Physiology of Work and Exercise Response (POWER) Lab, Institute of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA. FAU - Rossi, Carlo AU - Rossi C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1208-1034 AD - Physiology of Work and Exercise Response (POWER) Lab, Institute of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA. AD - Sport and Exercise Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science, and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy. FAU - Stout, Jeffrey R AU - Stout JR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6114-1649 AD - Physiology of Work and Exercise Response (POWER) Lab, Institute of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA. FAU - Fukuda, David H AU - Fukuda DH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4299-7764 AD - Physiology of Work and Exercise Response (POWER) Lab, Institute of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260521 PL - United States TA - J Am Nutr Assoc JT - Journal of the American Nutrition Association JID - 9918300687506676 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Male MH - Nutrition Surveys MH - Adolescent MH - Electric Impedance MH - Adult MH - Reference Values MH - Child MH - *Cell Membrane/physiology MH - Middle Aged MH - Young Adult MH - *Body Composition MH - *Electric Capacitance MH - United States OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bioimpedance OT - bioelectrical impedance analysis OT - bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy OT - life-span OT - normative EDAT- 2026/05/21 18:32 MHDA- 2026/09/14 17:40 CRDT- 2026/05/21 13:03 PHST- 2026/09/14 17:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/21 18:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/21 13:03 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/27697061.2026.2665157 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Am Nutr Assoc. 2026 Sep-Oct;45(7):622-631. doi: 10.1080/27697061.2026.2665157. Epub 2026 May 21. PMID- 42166107 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261023 LR - 20261025 IS - 2212-1358 (Electronic) IS - 2212-134X (Print) IS - 2212-134X (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Nov TI - Predicting pulmonary function in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: is a simple 2D radiograph still the winner? PG - 2223-2231 LID - 10.1007/s43390-026-01433-8 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: While 3D radiographic parameters are increasingly used to assess adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), barriers to 3D imaging limit their routine use. 2D-to-3D prediction algorithms have been proposed as a substitute. This study sought to determine if a predicted 3D kyphosis, derived from 2D images, is a more robust predictor of FEV1 in patients with AIS than a traditional 2D analysis. METHODS: A retrospective, cross-sectional review of 259 AIS patients with surgical-range thoracic curves (> 40 degrees ) was performed. We built two multivariate linear regression models to predict FEV1. Due to structural multicollinearity, the deformity measures were tested separately. Model A included Main Thoracic Cobb, BMI, and Age. Model B included Predicted 3D T5-T12 Kyphosis, BMI, and Age. The models were compared using the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and adjusted. RESULTS: The cohort (87% female, mean age 15.7 +/- 3.3 years) presented with severe deformities (mean Main Thoracic Cobb 68.4 degrees +/- 16.5 degrees ) and widespread restrictive impairment (71%). Multivariate Analysis revealed that Model A, (2D Main Thoracic Cobb) was statistically superior to Model B (Predicted 3D T5 - T12 Kyphosis) with a lower AIC (-292.5 vs. -265.9) and a higher adjusted R(2) (0.241 vs. 0.159). All factors were significant independent predictors. CONCLUSION: The predicted 3D-based model was not superior, while a parsimonious 2D-based multivariate model including Main Thoracic Cobb, BMI, and Age explained a significantly larger proportion of the variance in FEV1. This specific 2D-to-3D prediction algorithm is an imperfect proxy and is not a valid substitute for true 3D imaging in predicting pulmonary risk. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - de Oliveira, Rafael Garcia AU - de Oliveira RG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9160-9246 AD - Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. rafagaroli@gmail.com. AD - Yale University, New Haven, USA. rafagaroli@gmail.com. FAU - de Barros Filho, Tarcisio Eloy Pessoa AU - de Barros Filho TEP AD - Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - de Oliveira Araujo, Alex AU - de Oliveira Araujo A AD - Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Pediatrics and Rehabilitation, SARAH Network of Rehabilitation Hospitals, Brasilia, Brazil. FAU - Marcon, Raphael Martus AU - Marcon RM AD - Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Varthi, Arya AU - Varthi A AD - Yale University, New Haven, USA. FAU - Tuason, Dominick AU - Tuason D AD - Yale University, New Haven, USA. FAU - Gomes, Cicero Ricardo AU - Gomes CR AD - Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Pediatrics and Rehabilitation, SARAH Network of Rehabilitation Hospitals, Brasilia, Brazil. FAU - Cristante, Alexandre Fogaca AU - Cristante AF AD - Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260521 PL - England TA - Spine Deform JT - Spine deformity JID - 101603979 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Scoliosis/diagnostic imaging/physiopathology MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - *Kyphosis/diagnostic imaging/physiopathology MH - Imaging, Three-Dimensional/methods MH - *Radiography/methods MH - Respiratory Function Tests MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - Thoracic Vertebrae/diagnostic imaging MH - *Lung/physiopathology/diagnostic imaging MH - Forced Expiratory Volume PMC - PMC13690850 OTO - NOTNLM OT - 2D-to-3D prediction OT - Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis OT - Multivariate regression OT - Pulmonary function COIS- Declarations. Ethical approval: This study was approved by the appropriate institutional ethics committee EDAT- 2026/05/21 12:37 MHDA- 2026/10/23 23:30 PMCR- 2026/05/21 CRDT- 2026/05/21 11:15 PHST- 2025/11/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/23 23:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/21 12:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/21 11:15 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s43390-026-01433-8 [pii] AID - 1433 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s43390-026-01433-8 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Spine Deform. 2026 Nov;14(6):2223-2231. doi: 10.1007/s43390-026-01433-8. Epub 2026 May 21. PMID- 42165931 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260825 LR - 20260828 IS - 1864-6433 (Electronic) IS - 0914-7187 (Print) IS - 0914-7187 (Linking) VI - 40 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep TI - 18 F-FDG PET/CT Derived Volumetric Parameters Can Predict Outcome in Pediatric Ewing Sarcoma. PG - 1121-1130 LID - 10.1007/s12149-026-02229-6 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prognostic and predictive value of metabolic and volumetric parameters obtained from baseline (PET1) and post-chemotherapy (PET2) 18 F-FDG PET/CT in pediatric Ewing sarcoma (EWS) patients, focusing on their associations with histopathologic response, metastatic presentation, overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS). METHODS: This retrospective single tertiary academic center study included 55 pediatric EWS patients who underwent PET1. Twenty-four patients also had PET2. SUVmax, SUVpeak, metabolic tumor volume (MTV), total lesion glycolysis (TLG) and their percentage changes (∆) between PET scans were calculated using absolute (SUV 2.0 and 2.5) and relative (40% and 45%) thresholds. Anatomic tumor volume was also measured. Histopathologic evaluation was available for 40 patients with PET1 and 18 patients with PET2. Associations were analyzed using logistic and Cox regression models. RESULTS: Baseline metabolic and volumetric PET parameters were significantly higher in patients with presenting metastasis. Among these, TLG (45%) was identified as the only independent predictor of metastatic presentation (OR = 1.026, p = 0.019). Baseline MTV (2.0) was independently associated with shorter OS (HR = 1.026, p = 0.003) and PFS (HR = 1.035, p = 0.038). Combined stratification using MTV (2.0) and histologic response revealed that patients with an unfavorable histologic response but low MTV demonstrated superior OS and PFS rates than those with an unfavorable response and high MTV. The survival outcomes of patients with a favorable histologic response and high MTV were comparable to those with an unfavorable response and low MTV. However, PET parameters did not reliably predict histopathologic response in this cohort. CONCLUSIONS: Baseline MTV (2.0) demonstrated prognostic value for OS and PFS, while TLG (45%) independently predicted metastatic presentation in pediatric EWS. The combination of MTV (2.0) and histologic response appears to provide complementary prognostic information. Prospective, multicenter studies with standardized imaging and treatment protocols are warranted to validate the role of volumetric 18 F-FDG PET parameters in clinical risk stratification. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Soydas-Turan, Basak AU - Soydas-Turan B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3425-751X AD - Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kastamonu Education and Research Hospital, Kastamonu, Turkiye. basaksoydas@hotmail.com. AD - Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkiye. basaksoydas@hotmail.com. FAU - Volkan-Salanci, Bilge AU - Volkan-Salanci B AD - Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkiye. FAU - Aydin, Burca AU - Aydin B AD - Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkiye. FAU - Kiratli, Pinar AU - Kiratli P AD - Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260521 PL - Japan TA - Ann Nucl Med JT - Annals of nuclear medicine JID - 8913398 RN - 0Z5B2CJX4D (Fluorodeoxyglucose F18) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Sarcoma, Ewing/diagnostic imaging/pathology MH - *Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 MH - *Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography MH - Male MH - Child MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Adolescent MH - Tumor Burden MH - Prognosis MH - Treatment Outcome MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Bone Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging/pathology PMC - PMC13506628 OTO - NOTNLM OT - 18F-FDG PET/CT OT - Ewing sarcoma OT - Histopathologic response OT - Metabolic OT - Pediatric OT - Survival OT - Volumetric EDAT- 2026/05/21 12:34 MHDA- 2026/08/25 17:35 PMCR- 2026/05/21 CRDT- 2026/05/21 11:05 PHST- 2026/03/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/25 17:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/21 12:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/21 11:05 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s12149-026-02229-6 [pii] AID - 2229 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s12149-026-02229-6 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Ann Nucl Med. 2026 Sep;40(9):1121-1130. doi: 10.1007/s12149-026-02229-6. Epub 2026 May 21. PMID- 42165568 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260521 IS - 1476-8259 (Electronic) IS - 1025-5842 (Linking) DP - 2026 May 21 TI - Toward accessible fitness assessment: estimating VO(2)max in youth using intelligent hybrid optimization non-exercise modeling. PG - 1-16 LID - 10.1080/10255842.2026.2663954 [doi] AB - Cardiorespiratory fitness, measured by VO(2)max, is essential for youth health, but conventional testing is labor-intensive. This study proposes a hybrid Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS), optimized using Rider Optimization Algorithm (ROA), Electromagnetic Field Optimization (EFO), and Sharpness-Aware Minimization (SAM), for scalable prediction. The procedure involved preprocessing demographic and activity data, splitting the dataset into 80% training and 20% testing sets, and optimizing ANFIS hyperparameters using different optimizers. The models showed strong predictive accuracy (R(2) = 0.9789-0.9860), with EFO-ANFIS achieving the best overall performance and lowest prediction bias. The study presents an interpretable and scalable tool for predicting youth cardiorespiratory fitness. FAU - Yan, Tao AU - Yan T AD - Qinhuangdao Vocational and Technical College, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China. FAU - XiaYang, Ming AU - XiaYang M AD - Qinhuangdao Vocational and Technical College, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China. FAU - Zhao, Na AU - Zhao N AD - Qinhuangdao Vocational and Technical College, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China. FAU - Yu Qi, Peng AU - Yu Qi P AD - Qinhuangdao Vocational and Technical College, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260521 PL - England TA - Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin JT - Computer methods in biomechanics and biomedical engineering JID - 9802899 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - VO2 max estimation OT - adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System OT - hybrid optimization OT - non-exercise testing OT - youth fitness assessment EDAT- 2026/05/21 12:34 MHDA- 2026/05/21 12:34 CRDT- 2026/05/21 09:03 PHST- 2026/05/21 12:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/21 12:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/21 09:03 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/10255842.2026.2663954 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin. 2026 May 21:1-16. doi: 10.1080/10255842.2026.2663954. PMID- 42165382 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260901 IS - 1099-0496 (Electronic) IS - 1099-0496 (Linking) VI - 61 IP - 5 DP - 2026 May TI - Reliability of Home Sleep Apnea Test as a Diagnostic Modality in Children With Obstructive Sleep Apnea- a Systematic Review. PG - e71674 LID - 10.1002/ppul.71674 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The incidence of pediatric sleep disordered breathing has increased in the last decade because of many factors, such as childhood obesity, metabolic syndrome, and access to better diagnostic methods. OSA peaks between 2 and 8 years in children. Early diagnosis is recommended to prevent long-term complications. While PSG is the gold standard for diagnosis, it may not be feasible in certain circumstances; hence, HSAT is now being increasingly used to screen and diagnose OSA. METHODS: This review was conducted using the methodology in the "Cochrane handbook on systematic reviews". PRISMA flowchart was used to report the results. The risk of bias assessment was done using the "Cochrane handbook for systematic review reviews tool for Interventional studies". All studies were analysed using the Joanna Briggs Institute's critical appraisal tool. RESULTS: A total of nine studies were included in this review. Of these, only three studies employed simultaneous HSAT and PSG testing to evaluate the validity of HSAT indices. In one of the largest studies comparing HSAT with PSG, the mean AHI observed was 2.5 +/- 3 for HSAT and 2.7 +/- 2.9 for PSG (p > 0.05), indicating that the diagnostic yields of both methods were nearly equivalent. In studies utilizing HSAT alone, the mean apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) ranged from 0.8 to 10.3 events per hour in healthy children, compared to 2.2 to 13 events per hour in children with Down syndrome. CONCLUSIONS: Diagnosing sleep disordered breathing in children can be challenging in a laboratory setting. HSAT is cost-effective and better tolerated in the younger population compared to PSG. It is a reliable alternative to PSG when used with multiple channels, including EEG and capnography. CI - (c) 2026 Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Zafar, Adnan AU - Zafar A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9886-6819 AD - Pediatric Pulmonology Department, John Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Roman, Umme AU - Roman U AD - Karachi Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan. FAU - Haseeb, Abdul AU - Haseeb A AD - Karachi Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan. FAU - Akhtar, Taslim AU - Akhtar T AD - Pediatric Department, John Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Systematic Review PL - United States TA - Pediatr Pulmonol JT - Pediatric pulmonology JID - 8510590 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/diagnosis MH - Child MH - Polysomnography/methods MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Child, Preschool OTO - NOTNLM OT - HSAT (home sleep apnea test) OT - PSG OT - apnea hypopnea index) OT - pediatric sleep EDAT- 2026/05/21 12:37 MHDA- 2026/05/21 12:38 CRDT- 2026/05/21 07:52 PHST- 2026/05/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/11/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/21 12:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/21 12:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/21 07:52 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/ppul.71674 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pediatr Pulmonol. 2026 May;61(5):e71674. doi: 10.1002/ppul.71674. PMID- 42165172 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260922 IS - 1751-7176 (Electronic) IS - 1524-6175 (Print) IS - 1524-6175 (Linking) VI - 28 IP - 5 DP - 2026 May TI - Risk Factors and Adverse Perinatal Outcomes in Severe Preeclampsia Complicated by HELLP Syndrome. PG - e70289 LID - 10.1111/jch.70289 [doi] LID - e70289 AB - This study investigated the risk factors and adverse perinatal outcomes of severe preeclampsia complicated with HELLP (Hemolysis, Elevated Liver Enzymes, and Low Platelet Count syndrome). A total of 170 patients with severe preeclampsia and 30 healthy pregnant women admitted to Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2020 to October 2023 were enrolled. Of the 170 patients, 30 were complicated by HELLP syndrome and 140 were not; 30 healthy women served as controls. Clinical data, laboratory results, and pregnancy outcomes were compared. Risk factors were analyzed by logistic regression, and predictive efficacy was evaluated by ROC curves. Maternal and neonatal outcomes were assessed, and correlations with risk factors were analyzed. Patients with severe preeclampsia had higher age, BMI, and blood pressure but lower gestational weeks than controls (p < 0.05). In the HELLP group, D-dimer, bilirubin, liver enzymes, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were significantly elevated, while platelets, albumin, and globulin were reduced compared with the non-HELLP group (p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis identified D-dimer and LDH as independent risk factors. ROC analysis showed AUCs of 0.929 for D-dimer, 0.937 for LDH, and 0.956 for their combination, with cutoffs of 3.26 mg/L and 261.60 U/L, yielding 94.4% sensitivity and 92.6% specificity. Adverse outcomes, including stillbirth, preterm labor, neonatal asphyxia, and MICU transfer, were more frequent in HELLP patients (p < 0.05). Elevated D-dimer and LDH correlated with fetal growth restriction and neonatal asphyxia. In conclusion, D-dimer and LDH are independent predictors of HELLP syndrome and adverse perinatal outcomes. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). The Journal of Clinical Hypertension published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Sun, Chengfang AU - Sun C AD - Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, China, Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Affiliated Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China. FAU - Chen, Jiaying AU - Chen J AD - Department of Women Health Care, Wuxi School of Medicine, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, PR China. FAU - Gu, Hao AU - Gu H AD - Department of Women Health Care, Wuxi School of Medicine, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, PR China. FAU - Gu, Ying AU - Gu Y AD - Department of Obstetrics, Wuxi School of Medicine, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, PR China. FAU - Jiang, Minhui AU - Jiang M AD - Department of Women Health Care, Wuxi School of Medicine, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, PR China. FAU - Wu, Hongqin AU - Wu H AD - Department of Women Health Care, Wuxi School of Medicine, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, PR China. FAU - Sang, Xue AU - Sang X AD - Department of Women Health Care, Wuxi School of Medicine, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, PR China. FAU - Zhu, Hualong AU - Zhu H AD - Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, China, Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of The People's Republic of China, Hefei, Anhui, China. FAU - Feng, Yaling AU - Feng Y AD - Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Affiliated Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China. LA - eng GR - F202135/Jiangsu Maternal and Child Health Research Project/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) JT - Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) JID - 100888554 RN - EC 1.1.1.27 (L-Lactate Dehydrogenase) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *HELLP Syndrome/epidemiology/diagnosis/physiopathology MH - *Pre-Eclampsia/epidemiology/physiopathology/diagnosis MH - Adult MH - Risk Factors MH - Pregnancy Outcome/epidemiology MH - Infant, Newborn MH - China/epidemiology MH - ROC Curve MH - Severity of Illness Index MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Gestational Age MH - L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/blood PMC - PMC13240364 OTO - NOTNLM OT - HELLP syndrome OT - perinatal outcomes OT - risk factors OT - severe preeclampsia COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/21 06:32 MHDA- 2026/05/21 06:33 PMCR- 2026/05/21 CRDT- 2026/05/21 05:22 PHST- 2026/04/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/09/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/21 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/21 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/21 05:22 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JCH70289 [pii] AID - 10.1111/jch.70289 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2026 May;28(5):e70289. doi: 10.1111/jch.70289. PMID- 42164096 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260521 LR - 20260813 IS - 2772-6533 (Electronic) IS - 2772-6533 (Linking) VI - 8 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Development and validation of risk factors lifestyle disorders scale (RFLDS): A cohort study. PG - 100307 LID - 10.1016/j.dialog.2026.100307 [doi] LID - 100307 AB - BACKGROUND: Adolescents are presumed to be healthy, but being a vulnerable group they are threatened with morbidities. Management of risk factors which concern and affect lifestyle disorders must begin during adolescence. The aim of study is to develop and validate a scale to assess risk factors leading to lifestyle disorders in quick and concise manner. METHODS: Risk Factor Lifestyle Disorders Scale (RFLDS) has been developed to identify risk factors of lifestyle disorders on low, borderline and high risk zones based on scientific exhaustive review of literature and expert consensus. Cross-sectional baseline data from planned cohort of 1000 school-based adolescents aged between 16 and 18 years from Tricity- Chandigarh, Panchkula and Mohali (India) was carried out. Three phase validation of content, construct and criterion validity has been conducted to develop the scale. Analyses were done through Item Total Reliability, Exploratory Factor Analysis, Cronbach's Alpha and Pearsons Correlation. FINDINGS: Results layout a structure of developed and validated scale. KMO measure of 0.720, Bartlett test of p < 0.0001, leading to seven factors consisting of 19 items of 64.75% variance and Cronbach's alpha of 0.68 was observed. Final scale consists of seven factors that emerged out of 19 identified items namely Socio-Economic Criteria (SEC), Nutritional Status (NS), Body Composition (BC), Low Risk Factor Foods (LRF), High Risk Factor Foods (HRF), Mental Health and Family and Personal History (MHFPH) and Sleep and Physical Activity (SPA). INTERPRETATION: Lifestyle disorders lead to deterioration in quality of life. Comprehensive RFLDS- Risk Factors Lifestyle Disorders Scale, validated in adolescents only, may be used for easy and quick assessment, addressal and prevention of lifestyle disorders. It may also be used as a screening tool in institutes, clinical and public health care systems to improve overall well-being, aligning with WHO's Sustainable Development Goal 3.4. CI - (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. FAU - Singh, Kalyani AU - Singh K AD - Department of Foods and Nutrition, Government Home Science College, Chandigarh, India. FAU - Pradhan, Ritu AU - Pradhan R AD - Department of Foods and Nutrition, Government Home Science College, Chandigarh, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260503 PL - United States TA - Dialogues Health JT - Dialogues in health JID - 9918506184906676 PMC - PMC13186033 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescents OT - Health OT - Lifestyle OT - Lifestyle disorders OT - Scale OT - Sustainable development goal 3.4 OT - WHO COIS- The authors have no declared conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/21 06:33 MHDA- 2026/05/21 06:34 PMCR- 2026/05/03 CRDT- 2026/05/21 04:37 PHST- 2025/04/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/21 06:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/21 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/21 04:37 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2772-6533(26)00032-8 [pii] AID - 100307 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.dialog.2026.100307 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Dialogues Health. 2026 May 3;8:100307. doi: 10.1016/j.dialog.2026.100307. eCollection 2026 Jun. PMID- 42163956 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260521 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-861X (Print) IS - 2296-861X (Electronic) IS - 2296-861X (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2026 TI - Development and validation of an explainable machine learning-based risk prediction model for obesity in Chinese children and adolescents: a population-based study. PG - 1816724 LID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1816724 [doi] LID - 1816724 AB - BACKGROUND: Childhood obesity represents a significant global public health challenge. Accurate and rapid prediction models for identifying obesity risk in children and adolescents are essential for facilitating early prevention and enabling timely interventions. However, interpretable and user-friendly obesity risk prediction models based on nationally representative data remain limited. This study aimed to develop and validate a model to predict current obesity risk among children and adolescents in China. METHODS: The models were developed using cross-sectional data from the 2017-2018 Physical Activity and Fitness in China-The Youth Study (PAFCTYS; n = 35,016) and were temporally validated with 2020 data (n = 3,495). Candidate predictors (n = 38), primarily encompassing physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sociodemographic variables, were measured concurrently with the outcome. The participants included individuals from 31 administrative regions across China. Features were identified using the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) with recursive feature elimination (RFE), and predictive models were developed using eight different machine learning algorithms. The model's performance was evaluated using metrics such as AUC, sensitivity, specificity, Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC), and Brier score. The model was interpreted using the SHapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP) method. RESULTS: The random forest (RF) model outperformed all other models, achieving an AUC of 1.000 on the training set and 0.946 on the testing set. It also maintained good discriminative performance on the temporal validation dataset, with an AUC of 0.810. The RF model also shows the highest accuracy, specificity, and MCC, and the lowest Brier score. SHAP analysis indicates that parental BMI, using mobile electronic devices on weekdays, MVPA (moderate-to-vigorous physical activity), watching TV on weekdays, and sex are the top 5 most important features in the obesity risk prediction model. A web-based risk calculator based on the RF model has been successfully deployed. CONCLUSION: Using a large, nationally representative sample and readily available variables, we successfully developed and validated an obesity risk prediction model for Chinese children and adolescents using explainable machine learning techniques. The model can quickly and accurately assess an individual's current obesity risk, enabling healthcare agencies, schools, and parents to conduct large-scale obesity risk screening. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Chen, Zhu and Chen. FAU - Chen, Zekai AU - Chen Z AD - School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China. FAU - Zhu, Lin AU - Zhu L AD - School of Sport and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China. AD - Innovative Research Center for Sports Science in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Chen, Peijie AU - Chen P AD - School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260505 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Nutr JT - Frontiers in nutrition JID - 101642264 PMC - PMC13183532 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SHAP OT - children and adolescents OT - machine learning OT - obesity OT - prediction model COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/21 06:32 MHDA- 2026/05/21 06:33 PMCR- 2026/05/05 CRDT- 2026/05/21 04:35 PHST- 2026/02/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/21 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/21 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/21 04:35 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1816724 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Nutr. 2026 May 5;13:1816724. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1816724. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42163895 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260521 LR - 20260921 IS - 3067-3534 (Electronic) IS - 3067-3518 (Linking) VI - 1 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Mar-Apr TI - Learning to Breathe with Type 2 Diabetes: A Pilot Feasibility and Acceptability Study of a Mindfulness-Based Intervention in Youth with Type 2 Diabetes or Prediabetes. PG - 211-218 LID - 10.2337/doc25-0047 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Mindfulness-based interventions (MBI) support mental health. We evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of a 12-week MBI in adolescents with obesity and type 2 diabetes or prediabetes. METHODS: This was an uncontrolled, pilot, feasibility and acceptability evaluation in youth aged 15-17 years with type 2 diabetes or prediabetes. The Learning to BREATHE (L2B) curriculum was delivered via 12 virtual group sessions. Recruitment, retention, and attendance were tracked to measure feasibility. Acceptability was measured via post-intervention satisfaction surveys. Questionnaires were administered: pre- and post-intervention, and after 12 months for depression and anxiety symptoms and quality of life (PedsQL()). RESULTS: Sixty-eight of 73 (93%) screened participants were eligible. By design, we enrolled the first 30 eligible participants who agreed and consented to participate. Three (10%) withdrew prior to L2B participation. Twenty-seven completed L2B (90% retention, 18 female; 44% White, 41% Black, 1% Hispanic). The mean attendance was 8 of 12 sessions (67%). Survey completion was 100% pre-L2B, 93% post-L2B, and 81% 12 months post-L2B. Most participants agreed/strongly agreed that they felt supported (80%) and enjoyed the sessions (76%). Baseline depression and anxiety scores were within normal for the population and didn't change from pre- to post-intervention. Immediately following the intervention, the PedsQL() score was higher (65 +/- 20 to 70 +/- 19). Sixteen participants had HbA1c and BMI measures corresponding to all three time points and these were unchanged. CONCLUSION: A 12-week virtual group MBI was feasible and acceptable in adolescents with obesity and type 2 diabetes or prediabetes. FAU - Pike, Julie M AU - Pike JM AD - Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN. FAU - Yorgason, Jessica AU - Yorgason J AD - Kentucky College of Osteopathic Medicine, Pikeville, KY. FAU - Machuca, Luz A AU - Machuca LA AD - Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN. FAU - Broderick, Patricia C AU - Broderick PC AD - Edna Bennett Pierce Prevention Research Center, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA. FAU - Hannon, Tamara S AU - Hannon TS AD - Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN. LA - eng GR - UL1 TR002529/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260310 PL - United States TA - Diabetes Obes Cardiometab CARE JT - Diabetes, obesity, and cardiometabolic CARE JID - 9919229522706676 PMC - PMC13186448 MID - NIHMS2167959 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescent OT - diabetes education OT - mindfulness OT - mindfulness-based intervention OT - obesity OT - prediabetes OT - quality of life OT - type 2 diabetes COIS- Conflict of Interest Patricia Broderick owns the copyright to Learning to BREATHE(R)(c). There are no other relevant conflicts of interest to disclose. EDAT- 2026/05/21 06:33 MHDA- 2026/05/21 06:34 CRDT- 2026/05/21 04:34 PHST- 2026/05/21 06:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/21 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/21 04:34 [entrez] AID - 10.2337/doc25-0047 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Diabetes Obes Cardiometab CARE. 2026 Mar-Apr;1(2):211-218. doi: 10.2337/doc25-0047. Epub 2026 Mar 10. PMID- 42163356 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260825 IS - 1479-5868 (Electronic) IS - 1479-5868 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 20 TI - Effect of parent-focused interventions for screen use on developmental outcomes in young children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. LID - 10.1186/s12966-026-01919-8 [doi] LID - 71 AB - INTRODUCTION: Parents are a key target for interventions promoting healthy screen use in young children, but no review has evaluated the effect of such parent-focused interventions on developmental outcomes in early childhood. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analyses of the effects of parent-focused interventions for screen use on young children's social-emotional, cognitive, and physical development, as well as proximal indicators of development including sleep and physical activity. A secondary objective was to assess their impact on children's screen use. METHODS: Eight databases were searched with publication dates between 2007 and March 2025. Randomised controlled trials of parent-focused interventions targeting screen use in children (birth-5.99 years) were included if they reported outcomes related to both child screen use and development. Stata was used to undertake meta-analyses using multilevel random effects models to estimate effects for outcomes with data from at least three papers. RESULTS: In total, 10 studies (11 papers) were eligible for inclusion, with eight studies (n = 1,776 participants) providing sufficient data to be included in meta-analyses of at least one outcome. Interventions targeted screen use duration (n = 8 studies), screen use before bed (n = 1 study) and screen content (n = 1 study; 2 papers). Interventions achieved reductions in social-emotional problems (ES=-0.32 (95%CI:-0.51,-0.12)), externalizing behaviors (ES=-0.31 (95%CI:-0.56,-0.05)) and screen time (ES=-0.92 (95%CI:-1.66,-0.18)). Few interventions (n = 2) targeted aspects of screen use other than duration (e.g. content quality and timing). Larger effects were achieved for interventions that were underpinned by a theory and incorporated a range of established behavior change techniques, compared to interventions that did not incorporate these aspects. Few studies explored intervention effects on physical activity, body mass index, cognitive development and/or motor skills, and heterogenous sleep outcomes were reported, making it difficult to draw definitive conclusions regarding these outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Few parent-focused interventions for screen use were identified and most targeted screen use duration. Future intervention studies may consider targeting aspects of screen use other than duration (e.g. content quality), and evaluating their feasibility and acceptability for parents, compared to interventions targeting screen use duration. The protocol was prospectively registered on PROSPERO (ID: CRD420250654905). CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Machell, Amanda AU - Machell A AD - Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia. a.machell@deakin.edu.au. FAU - Ewin, Carrie AU - Ewin C AD - School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia. FAU - Horwood, Sharon AU - Horwood S AD - School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia. FAU - Downing, Katherine L AU - Downing KL AD - Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia. FAU - Hesketh, Kylie D AU - Hesketh KD AD - Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia. LA - eng GR - 105929/National Heart Foundation of Australia/ PT - Journal Article PT - Meta-Analysis PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20260520 PL - England TA - Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act JT - The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity JID - 101217089 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Screen Time MH - *Child Development MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Parents MH - Infant MH - Exercise MH - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic MH - Sleep MH - Cognition MH - *Health Promotion/methods PMC - PMC13374355 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cognitive development OT - Early childhood OT - Physical development. OT - Screen context OT - Social-emotional development COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Not applicable. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/21 06:33 MHDA- 2026/07/17 19:17 PMCR- 2026/05/20 CRDT- 2026/05/21 01:12 PHST- 2025/10/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/17 19:17 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/21 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/21 01:12 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12966-026-01919-8 [pii] AID - 1919 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12966-026-01919-8 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2026 May 20;23(1):71. doi: 10.1186/s12966-026-01919-8. PMID- 42163318 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260813 IS - 2050-2974 (Print) IS - 2050-2974 (Electronic) IS - 2050-2974 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 20 TI - Psychometric properties of the Night Eating Questionnaire (NEQ) in a clinical sample of Turkish adolescents. LID - 10.1186/s40337-026-01633-7 [doi] LID - 160 AB - BACKGROUND: This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Night Eating Questionnaire (NEQ) in an adolescent clinical sample. METHODS: The sample consisted of 267 adolescents aged 13-17 years (64.8% girls; mean age = 15.23 +/- 1.29 years) recruited from child and adolescent psychiatry outpatient clinics of two university hospitals in Turkiye. The NEQ, Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26), Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale - Child Version (RCADS-CV), and Sleep Quality Scale and Sleep Variables Questionnaire (SQS-SVQ) were administered. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), internal consistency, and convergent validity were examined. RESULTS: EFA identified a four-factor structure accounting for 62.39% of the total variance, consistent with the original factor solution. CFA supported the four-factor structure of the NEQ (CMIN/df = 1.606, RMSEA = 0.048, CFI = 0.964, TLI = 0.951), consisting of nocturnal ingestions, evening hyperphagia, morning anorexia, and mood/sleep disturbances. Internal consistency was acceptable for the total scale (Cronbach's alpha = 0.73). The NEQ demonstrated meaningful convergent validity through significant positive correlations with sleep quality, anxiety, depression, and disordered eating attitudes. Adolescents in the overweight group reported significantly higher NEQ total scores, particularly on the evening hyperphagia and mood/sleep disturbances subscales. Girls showed higher scores on morning anorexia and mood/sleep disturbances compared with boys. CONCLUSIONS: The Turkish NEQ demonstrated satisfactory psychometric properties in an adolescent clinical sample and appears to be a valid and reliable instrument for assessing night eating symptoms in Turkish adolescent clinical populations. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Akinci, Mehmet Akif AU - Akinci MA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6436-4394 AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkiye. akinci_mehmetakif@hotmail.com. FAU - Turan, Bahadir AU - Turan B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1190-9589 AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkiye. AD - Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK. FAU - Bayindir, Kubra AU - Bayindir K AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-6558-3515 AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkiye. FAU - Tuzcu, Furkan Can AU - Tuzcu FC AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-3173-9429 AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkiye. FAU - Yildirim Demirdogen, Esen AU - Yildirim Demirdogen E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2457-5832 AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkiye. FAU - Bozkurt, Abdullah AU - Bozkurt A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8359-6131 AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260520 PL - England TA - J Eat Disord JT - Journal of eating disorders JID - 101610672 PMC - PMC13366900 OAB - Night Eating Syndrome (NES) is a condition in which people eat a large portion of their daily food late in the evening or during the night. To better understand and identify these behaviors, researchers often use questionnaires that measure the severity of night eating symptoms. In this study, we examined whether the Turkish version of the Night Eating Questionnaire (NEQ) is a reliable and useful tool for assessing night eating behaviors in adolescents. A total of 267 adolescents aged 13-17 years who were receiving care at child and adolescent psychiatry clinics participated in the study. They completed the NEQ along with several questionnaires about eating habits, sleep quality, and emotional well-being. Our findings showed that the Turkish NEQ works well in adolescents and can reliably measure different aspects of night eating, such as eating during the night, eating large amounts in the evening, loss of appetite in the morning, and sleep or mood-related difficulties. We also found that adolescents with higher body weight tended to report more severe night eating symptoms, and girls reported more sleep- and mood-related symptoms than boys. These results suggest that the NEQ can help clinicians identify night eating symptoms in adolescents and may support earlier recognition of eating-related problems in young people. OABL- eng OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescents OT - Night Eating Questionnaire OT - Night eating syndrome OT - Psychometric properties OT - Reliability OT - Validity COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical committee approval was received from the Research Ethics Committee (REC) of Ataturk University (approval no: B.30.2.ATA.0.01.00/33; date: 21.02.2024). The study procedures were conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from all the participants and their parents. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/21 06:31 MHDA- 2026/05/21 06:32 PMCR- 2026/05/20 CRDT- 2026/05/21 01:10 PHST- 2026/03/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/21 06:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/21 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/21 01:10 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s40337-026-01633-7 [pii] AID - 1633 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s40337-026-01633-7 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Eat Disord. 2026 May 20;14(1):160. doi: 10.1186/s40337-026-01633-7. PMID- 42163093 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20261012 IS - 1471-2253 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2253 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 20 TI - Predictors of early extubation after pediatric liver transplantation: a single-center retrospective cohort study. LID - 10.1186/s12871-026-03915-8 [doi] LID - 421 AB - BACKGROUND: Liver transplantation is a cornerstone therapy for pediatric end-stage liver disease. While Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols, including early extubation, are well-established in adult liver transplantation, their application in children is more cautious due to unique challenges like malnutrition and poor postoperative cooperation. This study aimed to identify predictors of successful early extubation (within 3 h postoperatively) in pediatric liver transplant recipients. METHODS: This was a single-center retrospective cohort study. We analyzed data from 256 patients under 18 years who underwent liver transplantation between September 2019 and November 2022. Patients were divided into Early Extubation (EE, 3 h) groups. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with EE. The efficacy of relevant parameters in predicting early extubation was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. RESULTS: Of the 256 patients, 155 (61%) were successfully extubated early. Multivariate analysis identified the following independent predictors: favorable factors were higher preoperative albumin (ALB) level (adjusted OR 1.167, p = 0.008) and greater intraoperative urine output (adjusted OR 4.686, p < 0.001); unfavorable factors were higher preoperative white blood cell (WBC) count (adjusted OR 0.806, p = 0.038), higher end-of-surgery serum lactate level (adjusted OR 0.548, p < 0.001), presence of a concurrent respiratory tract infection (adjusted OR 0.307, p = 0.021), and receiving a donation after circulatory death (DCD) graft (adjusted OR 0.260, p = 0.030). ROC curve analysis identified optimal cutoff values for predicting early extubation: total urine output showed strong discriminative ability (AUC 0.898, 95% CI 0.859-0.938, sensitivity 79.4%, specificity 88.1%); EOS serum lactate showed moderate discriminative ability (AUC 0.725, 95% CI 0.659-0.791, sensitivity 49.5%, specificity 91.0%); pre-op ALB and pre-op WBC showed modest discriminative ability (AUC 0.663 and 0.623, respectively). Optimal cutoff values were: pre-op ALB >/= 36.15 g/L, pre-op WBC /= 3.05 mL/kg/h, and EOS lactate 50% on contrast-enhanced MRI, age, body mass index, and presence of metastasis at presentation) demonstrated the best performance. In the internal test set, it achieved a sensitivity of 83.3%, a specificity of 72.7%, an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.84, and a positive likelihood ratio of 3.06. External validation yielded a sensitivity of 88.5%, a specificity of 47.8%, and an AUROC of 0.77. CONCLUSION: A model combining tumor radiomics and clinical parameters at diagnosis showed strong performance in predicting chemoresistant osteosarcoma, with results confirmed by external validation. This approach may support personalized treatment strategies in high-grade osteosarcoma. RELEVANCE STATEMENT: The validated model may support early, individualized osteosarcoma management. KEY POINTS: Baseline T2-weighted MRI radiomics and clinical data can predict chemoresistant osteosarcoma. Tumor radiomics combined with clinical features achieved strong predictive accuracy. The support vector machine model reached an AUROC of 0.84 for the internal testing and of 0.77 for the external validation. The validated model may support early, individualized osteosarcoma management. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Inkeaw, Papangkorn AU - Inkeaw P AD - Data Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. AD - Global Health and Chronic Conditions Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. AD - Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. FAU - Pruksakorn, Dumnoensun AU - Pruksakorn D AD - Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. AD - Center of Multidisciplinary Technology for Advanced Medicine (CMUTEAM), Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. FAU - Angkurawaranon, Salita AU - Angkurawaranon S AD - Global Health and Chronic Conditions Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. AD - Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. FAU - Morakote, Wipawee AU - Morakote W AD - Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. FAU - Boonsri, Pattira AU - Boonsri P AD - Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand. FAU - Phettom, Rattanathon AU - Phettom R AD - Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. FAU - Kanthawang, Thanat AU - Kanthawang T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1980-1903 AD - Center of Multidisciplinary Technology for Advanced Medicine (CMUTEAM), Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. thanatkanthawang@gmail.com. AD - Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. thanatkanthawang@gmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260520 PL - England TA - Eur Radiol Exp JT - European radiology experimental JID - 101721752 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Osteosarcoma/drug therapy/diagnostic imaging MH - *Radiomics MH - *Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Drug Resistance, Neoplasm MH - Female MH - *Bone Neoplasms/drug therapy/diagnostic imaging MH - *Machine Learning MH - *Neoadjuvant Therapy MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Young Adult MH - Child MH - Predictive Learning Models PMC - PMC13191004 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Artificial intelligence OT - Drug resistance (neoplasm) OT - Magnetic resonance imaging OT - Osteosarcoma OT - Radiomics COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Chiang Mai University (approval no. RAD-2566-0535) and the Institutional Review Board of Prince of Songkla University (approval no. 68-111-7-1). A data-sharing agreement was established between both institutions. The requirement for written informed consent was waived because this study involved retrospective data collection. Consent for publication: Written informed consent for publication of de-identified clinical information and imaging data was obtained from all patients in the internal dataset cohort. For the external dataset, all data and images were fully anonymized, and no directly or indirectly identifiable information is presented. Therefore, consent for publication is not applicable for the external dataset. Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/05/20 12:39 MHDA- 2026/05/20 12:40 PMCR- 2026/05/20 CRDT- 2026/05/20 11:20 PHST- 2025/10/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/20 12:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/20 12:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/20 11:20 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s41747-026-00732-z [pii] AID - 732 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s41747-026-00732-z [doi] PST - epublish SO - Eur Radiol Exp. 2026 May 20;10(1):69. doi: 10.1186/s41747-026-00732-z. PMID- 42159483 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260708 LR - 20260730 IS - 1539-2570 (Electronic) IS - 0271-6798 (Linking) VI - 46 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Aug 1 TI - Is the Greulich and Pyle Bone Atlas Suitable When Measuring Bone Age for Pediatric ACL Reconstruction in the Modern US Population? Analysis Within the PLUTO Prospective Multicenter Cohort Study. PG - 442-449 LID - 10.1097/BPO.0000000000003340 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: A reliable measure of bone age is of critical importance when planning anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) in a pediatric population. The Greulich and Pyle (G&P) method is still the most common method for bone age determination; however, it is based on radiographs from healthy Caucasian children of high socioeconomic status (SES) in Cleveland, Ohio, in the 1920s to 1940s and may not reflect the modern diverse United States population. The aim of our study was therefore to assess the degree of agreement between chronological age and bone age measured using G&P and further investigate whether there are any systematic differences across race, ethnicity, or SES. METHODS: This was a retrospective subanalysis of PLUTO (Pediatric ACL: Understanding Treatment Options), a prospective multicenter cohort study investigating outcomes in pediatric ACLR. All patients with bone age scores using the G&P method preoperatively were included. Data on race, ethnicity, biological sex, BMI, and SES [using a composite marker known as the area deprivation index (ADI)] were collected. Bland-Altman analysis was used to assess the agreement between chronological-measured and G&P-measured age. Systematic bias was defined as a significant mean difference between chronological-measured and G&P-measured age and was determined using Student t test for the cohort and within strata; and differences across strata were determined using a one-way ANOVA. P -values across strata were adjusted using the method of Benjamini and Hochberg to control the false discovery rate. RESULTS: A total of 472 patients were included in the final analysis. Chronological age at evaluation was lower than the determined bone age for the cohort with a systematic bias of 2.9 months (SD, 12.8) ( P <0.001). The Bland-Altman 95% limits of agreement between bone age and chronological age were approximately 2 years. There was significant variation in agreement in those aged 11 to 12 ( P <0.001), 13 ( P =0.008), and 15 years ( P =0.008). Female patients had a 3.9-month greater bias compared with males ( P =0.003). Underweight patients exhibited nearly 15.9 months lower bone age versus chronological age ( P =0.008). No systematic biases were detected across ethnicity ( P =0.21), race (0.13), or ADI index quartiles ( P =0.23). CONCLUSION: Our study supports the continued use of G&P for bone age assessment across different racial, ethnic, and sociodemographic groups, with no significant differences detected across these strata. The observed approximately 2-year limits of agreement between G&P bone age and chronological age reinforce the importance of skeletal age assessment in this cohort, particularly during the peripubertal period where large differences between chronological and skeletal age can exist. Systematic biases were found in certain age strata, between sexes, and in patients with low BMI. Clinicians should be aware of these variations and consider using multiple methods of assessing skeletal maturity when making growth-sensitive clinical decisions. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III-retrospective cohort. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Guevel, Borna AU - Guevel B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7750-3197 AD - Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. FAU - Hutchinson, Lauren AU - Hutchinson L AD - Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. FAU - Miller, Patricia AU - Miller P AD - Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. FAU - Anderson, Christian N AU - Anderson CN AD - Tennessee Orthopaedic Alliance, Nashville, TN. FAU - Busch, Michael T AU - Busch MT AD - Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA. FAU - Chambers, Henry G AU - Chambers HG AD - Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rady Children's Hospital, University of California San Diego, San Diego. FAU - Christino, Melissa A AU - Christino MA AD - Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. FAU - Cordasco, Frank A AU - Cordasco FA AD - Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY. FAU - Edmonds, Eric W AU - Edmonds EW AD - Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rady Children's Hospital, University of California San Diego, San Diego. FAU - Fabricant, Peter D AU - Fabricant PD AD - Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY. FAU - Ganley, Theodore J AU - Ganley TJ AD - Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. FAU - Green, Daniel W AU - Green DW AD - Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY. FAU - Heyworth, Benton E AU - Heyworth BE AD - Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. FAU - Lawrence, J Todd R AU - Lawrence JTR AD - Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. FAU - Matava, Matthew J AU - Matava MJ AD - Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO. FAU - Micheli, Lyle J AU - Micheli LJ AD - Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. FAU - Milewski, Matthew D AU - Milewski MD AD - Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. FAU - Nepple, Jeffrey J AU - Nepple JJ AD - Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO. FAU - Parikh, Shital N AU - Parikh SN AD - Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati. FAU - Pennock, Andrew T AU - Pennock AT AD - Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rady Children's Hospital, University of California San Diego, San Diego. FAU - Perkins, Crystal A AU - Perkins CA AD - Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA. FAU - Saluan, Paul M AU - Saluan PM AD - Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH. FAU - Shea, Kevin G AU - Shea KG AD - Stanford University, Stanford, CA. FAU - Wall, Eric J AU - Wall EJ AD - Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati. FAU - Willimon, Samuel C AU - Willimon SC AD - Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA. FAU - Kocher, Mininder S AU - Kocher MS AD - Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study DEP - 20260520 PL - United States TA - J Pediatr Orthop JT - Journal of pediatric orthopedics JID - 8109053 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Age Determination by Skeleton/methods MH - Female MH - Male MH - Child MH - Prospective Studies MH - Adolescent MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction/methods MH - United States MH - Cohort Studies MH - Anterior Cruciate Ligament/surgery OTO - NOTNLM OT - Greulich and Pyle OT - PLUTO OT - bone age OT - pediatric anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction OT - skeletal maturity COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/20 12:39 MHDA- 2026/07/09 00:40 CRDT- 2026/05/20 09:53 PHST- 2025/09/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/09 00:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/20 12:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/20 09:53 [entrez] AID - 01241398-990000000-01167 [pii] AID - 10.1097/BPO.0000000000003340 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Pediatr Orthop. 2026 Aug 1;46(7):442-449. doi: 10.1097/BPO.0000000000003340. Epub 2026 May 20. PMID- 42159251 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261008 LR - 20261009 IS - 2044-835X (Electronic) IS - 0261-510X (Linking) VI - 44 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Nov TI - 24-h movement behaviours and inhibitory control in Chinese preschoolers: A compositional data analysis approach. PG - 801-817 LID - 10.1111/bjdp.70051 [doi] AB - This study investigated the relationships between 24-h movement behaviours and both 'cool' and 'hot' inhibitory control in Chinese preschoolers. Sixty-six children aged 3-6 years participated in this study. Twenty-four hours movement behaviours were assessed using validated questionnaires measuring moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), light physical activity (LPA), sedentary behaviour (SB), and sleep duration (SLP). 'Cool' inhibitory control was measured using the Fish Flanker task, while 'hot' inhibitory control was assessed via the Emotion Flanker task. Compositional data analysis (CoDA) and isotemporal substitution modelling were employed for statistical analysis. The results showed that 24-h movement behaviours were significantly associated with both 'cool' and 'hot' inhibitory control. Increased SB was negatively associated with both 'cool' and 'hot' inhibitory control. Longer SLP was positively associated with both 'cool' and 'hot' inhibitory control. LPA showed a significant negative association with 'hot' inhibitory control. Isotemporal substitution analyses revealed that increasing MVPA and SLP while reducing SB and LPA was associated with enhanced control performance. This study demonstrates significant associations between 24-h movement behaviour and inhibitory control in preschoolers. The findings support the development of comprehensive movement guidelines that optimize the balance between physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep to promote cognitive development in early childhood. CI - (c) 2026 British Psychological Society. FAU - Zhu, Zhaohong AU - Zhu Z AD - School of Exercise and Health Sciences, Xi'an Physical Education University, Xi'an, China. FAU - Zhang, Shichen AU - Zhang S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-8415-8977 AD - School of Exercise and Health Sciences, Xi'an Physical Education University, Xi'an, China. FAU - Xu, Qinyu AU - Xu Q AD - School of Exercise and Health Sciences, Xi'an Physical Education University, Xi'an, China. FAU - Chen, Yuanyuan AU - Chen Y AD - School of Exercise and Health Sciences, Xi'an Physical Education University, Xi'an, China. FAU - Mao, Junxi AU - Mao J AD - School of Exercise and Health Sciences, Xi'an Physical Education University, Xi'an, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260520 PL - England TA - Br J Dev Psychol JT - The British journal of developmental psychology JID - 8308022 RN - Chinese people SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Male MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Inhibition, Psychological MH - Child MH - *Child Behavior/physiology MH - *Exercise/physiology MH - Sleep Duration MH - *Sedentary Behavior MH - *Executive Function/physiology MH - China MH - East Asian People OTO - NOTNLM OT - 24-h movement behaviours OT - compositional data analysis OT - isotemporal substitution OT - preschool children OT - 'cool' inhibitory control OT - 'hot' inhibitory control EDAT- 2026/05/20 12:39 MHDA- 2026/10/08 17:35 CRDT- 2026/05/20 07:53 PHST- 2025/11/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/08 17:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/20 12:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/20 07:53 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/bjdp.70051 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Br J Dev Psychol. 2026 Nov;44(4):801-817. doi: 10.1111/bjdp.70051. Epub 2026 May 20. PMID- 42159103 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260720 IS - 1099-0496 (Electronic) IS - 1099-0496 (Linking) VI - 61 IP - 5 DP - 2026 May TI - Applicability of the Global Lung Initiative 2022 Spirometry Reference Equation Among Healthy Preschool-Aged Children in Jordan: A Comparative Study With GLI-2012 Equations. PG - e71675 LID - 10.1002/ppul.71675 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The Global Lung Initiative (GLI) Global 2022 spirometry equations do not require race selection at the point of interpretation, but their applicability in Middle Eastern preschool populations remains uncertain. Therefore, the present study aims to assess the applicability of the GLI global (2022) (GLI-2022) reference equations in a large sample of healthy Jordanian preschool-aged children and compare them with historically labeled GLI-2012 Caucasian (GLI-C) and Other/Mixed (GLI-O) equations. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 911 healthy children (461 boys, 450 girls; age range 3-6 years) recruited from various regions in Jordan. Anthropometric and spirometric data (FEV(1), FVC, FEV(1)/FVC) were collected according to ATS/ERS standards. Race and ethnicity were not collected and were not used to assign equations. Instead, all participants were evaluated using each of the three equation sets. Z-Scores for each parameter were derived using the GLI-2022, GLI-C, and GLI-O equations. The validity of each equation set was evaluated by analyzing Z-score normality, performing regression analyses to detect residual bias from age and height, and assessing agreement in diagnostic classifications using Cohen's Kappa and Bland-Altman plots. RESULTS: The GLI-C equations demonstrated the closest statistical fit, with mean FEV(1) and FVC Z-scores closely centered on zero for both boys and girls. In contrast, the GLI-2022 and GLI-O equations produced significantly positive mean Z-scores for FEV(1) and FVC in both sexes (p < 0.001), indicating a systematic overestimation of lung function. The GLI-2022 equations showed significant residual anthropometric bias, with Z-scores remaining dependent on height and/or age (p < 0.01). Furthermore, the results indicated that diagnostic agreement between equations was inconsistent. CONCLUSION: The GLI-2022 race-neutral equations are not a suitable fit for preschool Jordanian children, and their use may lead to clinically significant misinterpretation of spirometric tests. These findings emphasize the critical need for population-specific reference equations for this population. CI - (c) 2026 Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Al-Qerem, Walid AU - Al-Qerem W AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9831-7572 AD - Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Pediatr Pulmonol JT - Pediatric pulmonology JID - 8510590 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Jordan MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Spirometry/standards/methods MH - Child, Preschool MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Reference Values MH - Child MH - *Lung/physiology MH - Forced Expiratory Volume MH - Vital Capacity OTO - NOTNLM OT - Global Lung Initiative (GLI) OT - Jordanian OT - lung function OT - preschool children OT - reference equations OT - spirometry EDAT- 2026/05/20 12:38 MHDA- 2026/05/20 12:39 CRDT- 2026/05/20 06:34 PHST- 2026/03/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/08/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/20 12:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/20 12:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/20 06:34 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/ppul.71675 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pediatr Pulmonol. 2026 May;61(5):e71675. doi: 10.1002/ppul.71675. PMID- 42158714 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260520 LR - 20260813 IS - 2224-4344 (Print) IS - 2224-4344 (Electronic) IS - 2224-4336 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Apr 30 TI - Incremental value of body composition indices in discriminating poorly controlled asthma in children: a cross-sectional study. PG - 102 LID - 10.21037/tp-2026-1-0102 [doi] LID - 102 AB - BACKGROUND: Asthma is the most common chronic respiratory disease in children, yet a considerable proportion of children have poorly controlled asthma despite advances in treatment. Traditional assessment models based on clinical indicators and lung function parameters show limited discriminatory ability. This study evaluated whether bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)-derived body composition indices-extracellular water-to-total body water ratio (ECW/TBW), phase angle (PhA), and visceral fat area (VFA)-improve the discrimination of poorly controlled asthma in children beyond traditional clinical assessments. METHODS: This cross-sectional study enrolled 103 children aged 6-14 years with asthma, categorized into poorly controlled (n=41) and well-controlled (n=62) groups. Two logistic regression models were constructed: a base model [age, sex, forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV(1)) % predicted, FEV(1)/forced vital capacity (FVC)] and an enhanced model adding body composition indices (ECW/TBW, PhA, VFA). Performance was evaluated using the area under the curve (AUC), net reclassification index (NRI), integrated discrimination improvement (IDI), and decision curve analysis. RESULTS: Children with poorly controlled asthma had elevated ECW/TBW (0.40 vs. 0.38, P<0.001) and decreased PhA (4.6 degrees vs. 5.2 degrees , P<0.001). In multivariable analysis, ECW/TBW was associated with increased risk of poorly controlled asthma [odds ratio (OR) =9.83, 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.53-27.37] and PhA was inversely associated (OR =0.17, 95% CI: 0.06-0.45). The enhanced model achieved an AUC of 0.893 vs. 0.618 for the base model (P<0.001), with sensitivity improving from 39.0% to 70.7% and specificity from 77.4% to 90.3%. The NRI was 0.446. CONCLUSIONS: BIA-derived body composition indices provided incremental discriminatory value for poorly controlled asthma beyond traditional assessment, potentially reflecting underlying systemic inflammation and metabolic disturbances. These findings warrant confirmation through multicenter studies with external validation. CI - (c) AME Publishing Company. FAU - Wang, Zhiyuan AU - Wang Z AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7990-9740 AD - Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China. FAU - Zhao, Junlin AU - Zhao J AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-9080-9622 AD - Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China. FAU - Wang, Yanan AU - Wang Y AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-3176-160X AD - Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China. FAU - Dai, Qianqian AU - Dai Q AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-7647-0812 AD - Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China. FAU - Wang, Xueli AU - Wang X AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-3150-069X AD - Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China. FAU - Cui, Jianjiang AU - Cui J AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-9767-7420 AD - Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China. FAU - Ru, Liang AU - Ru L AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-2200-3889 AD - Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260428 PL - China TA - Transl Pediatr JT - Translational pediatrics JID - 101649179 PMC - PMC13181688 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Asthma OT - bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) OT - body composition OT - child OT - cross-sectional study COIS- Conflicts of Interest: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form (available at https://tp.amegroups.com/article/view/10.21037/tp-2026-1-0102/coif). The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. EDAT- 2026/05/20 06:31 MHDA- 2026/05/20 06:32 PMCR- 2026/04/30 CRDT- 2026/05/20 04:43 PHST- 2026/01/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/20 06:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/20 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/20 04:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - tp-15-04-102 [pii] AID - 10.21037/tp-2026-1-0102 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Transl Pediatr. 2026 Apr 30;15(4):102. doi: 10.21037/tp-2026-1-0102. Epub 2026 Apr 28. PMID- 42158662 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260520 LR - 20260813 IS - 2224-4344 (Print) IS - 2224-4344 (Electronic) IS - 2224-4336 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Apr 30 TI - Comparison of DLIR-H and ASIR algorithms for image reconstruction in low-dose chest CT of pediatric mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia: a cross-sectional study. PG - 101 LID - 10.21037/tp-2025-1-923 [doi] LID - 101 AB - BACKGROUND: Pediatric Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) accounts for a significant number of cases of community-acquired pneumonia, and chest computed tomography (CT) is critical for its early diagnosis and prognosis assessment. However, clinical utilization is restricted due to concerns regarding radiation exposure. Adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASIR) has been extensively employed in low-dose pediatric CT but suffers from noise texture distortion. In contrast, deep learning image reconstruction (DLIR) has shown promise for enhancing image quality in adult CT. Nevertheless, the comparative effectiveness of DLIR and ASIR in low-dose chest CT for pediatric MPP remains unvalidated, presenting a significant knowledge gap that this study endeavours to bridge. METHODS: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, consecutive pediatric patients who underwent low-dose chest CT (September 2023-March 2024) who were positive for MP-IgM and negative for other respiratory pathogen antibodies were included; patients with incomplete data, poor scan cooperation or a body mass index (BMI) >/=25 kg/m(2) were excluded. The raw CT data were reconstructed via ASIR at 0%, 50%, and 80% blending factors and DLIR at low, medium, and high-strength (DLIR-H) levels, using a standard kernel and a 1.25 mm slice thickness/interval. The standard deviation value of subcutaneous fat, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the lung parenchyma, and the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of MPP were used to objectively evaluate the image quality. The subjective evaluation was scored by two senior radiologists using a 5-point scoring method, and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was determined for consistency analysis. RESULTS: Among the 235 screened patients, 142 (77 males and 65 females) were included (8.427+/-3.706 years), with a mean BMI of 16.19+/-1.83 kg/m(2). The mean effective dose was 1.17 (0.84-2.53 mSv), which met the Chinese low-dose guidelines. DLIR-H exhibited the lowest background noise (21.69, 38.3% lower than that of ASIR-80%) and the highest CNR of MPP (28.22, 14.7% higher than that of ASIR-80%). ASIR-80% had the highest SNR of the lung parenchyma (-14.46). DLIR-H achieved the highest subjective score (4.83+/-0.400, all P<0.001 vs. others) with substantial observer consistency (ICC >0.7). CONCLUSIONS: DLIR-H outperforms ASIR variants in low-dose pediatric chest CT, with minimal background noise, the highest lesion CNR and the best subjective quality at a clinically low effective dose, enhancing radiologists' diagnostic confidence and balancing radiation safety with imaging quality. Limitations include the retrospective design, DLIR-H's inferior lung parenchyma SNR, GE-only equipment compatibility, and unassessed MPP diagnostic accuracy. Prospective multicentre validation is required for broader clinical translation. CI - (c) AME Publishing Company. FAU - Zou, Ying AU - Zou Y AD - Department of Radiology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China. AD - Department of Radiology, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China. FAU - Bi, Hai AU - Bi H AD - Department of Radiology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China. AD - Department of Radiology, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China. FAU - Yang, Shouhong AU - Yang S AD - Department of Radiology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China. AD - Department of Radiology, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China. FAU - Li, Ruishi AU - Li R AD - Department of Pediatrics, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China. AD - Department of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China. FAU - Tan, Junyan AU - Tan J AD - Department of Radiology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China. AD - Department of Radiology, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China. FAU - Guo, Qingwei AU - Guo Q AD - Department of Radiology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China. AD - Department of Radiology, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China. FAU - Lu, Xiudi AU - Lu X AD - Department of Radiology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China. AD - Department of Radiology, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China. FAU - Liu, Jihua AU - Liu J AD - Department of Radiology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China. AD - Department of Radiology, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260428 PL - China TA - Transl Pediatr JT - Translational pediatrics JID - 101649179 PMC - PMC13181691 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Mycoplasma pneumoniae OT - X-ray computed tomography OT - deep learning OT - qualitative evaluation OT - radiation dosage COIS- Conflicts of Interest: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form (available at https://tp.amegroups.com/article/view/10.21037/tp-2025-1-923/coif). The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. EDAT- 2026/05/20 06:31 MHDA- 2026/05/20 06:32 PMCR- 2026/04/30 CRDT- 2026/05/20 04:42 PHST- 2025/12/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/20 06:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/20 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/20 04:42 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - tp-15-04-101 [pii] AID - 10.21037/tp-2025-1-923 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Transl Pediatr. 2026 Apr 30;15(4):101. doi: 10.21037/tp-2025-1-923. Epub 2026 Apr 28. PMID- 42158295 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260520 LR - 20260813 IS - 2055-7647 (Print) IS - 2055-7647 (Electronic) IS - 2055-7647 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 2 DP - 2026 TI - Exercise as a preventive and therapeutic strategy for non-communicable diseases in people living with HIV: evidence, mechanisms and clinical implications. PG - e003128 LID - 10.1136/bmjsem-2025-003128 [doi] LID - e003128 AB - OBJECTIVE: To synthesise evidence on exercise for preventing and managing non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among HIV clients, emphasising sub-Saharan Africa. DESIGN: Narrative review. DATA SOURCES: Meta-analyses, randomised trials, cohort studies, mechanistic investigations and implementation reports involving adolescents and adults aged 15+ Priority was given to cardiometabolic, musculoskeletal, neurocognitive, immunological, behavioural, safety, feasibility and low- and middle-income country outcomes. RATIONALE: People living with HIV face elevated risk of cardiovascular disease, heart failure and type 2 diabetes due to persistent immune activation, chronic inflammation and treatment related metabolic effects. Exercise is a scalable, low-cost intervention with broad benefits. RESULTS: Aerobic and combined aerobic plus resistance training performed >/=3 times weekly for >/=5 weeks improves cardiorespiratory fitness and functional capacity with moderate effects, without adverse effects on CD4 or viral load. Resistance and concurrent training increase strength and lean mass and may attenuate bone mineral density loss. Exercise reduces depressive symptoms, improves quality of life and benefits attention and executive function. Mechanistic studies report reduced pro inflammation, improved endothelial function, enhanced mitochondrial capacity and greater antioxidant defence. Feasibility is high with appropriate screening and progression and with adaptations for neuropathy, frailty, pregnancy, low bone density and multimorbidity. Task shifting, digital or community delivery improve uptake despite limited evidence. CONCLUSIONS: Exercise should be integrated into HIV and NCD care using frequency, intensity, time and type principles. Programmes require risk stratification, age and sex sensitivity and behaviour change support. Further research should evaluate mechanistic endpoints, high-intensity interval training dosing, pragmatic delivery models and economic outcomes in low- and middle-income countries. CI - Copyright (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ Group. FAU - Mwebaze, Nicholas AU - Mwebaze N AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-5893-2428 AD - Sports Science, Kyambogo University, Kampala, Central Region, Uganda. FAU - Makubuya, Timothy AU - Makubuya T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9236-0876 AD - Kyambogo University, Kampala, Uganda. FAU - Nahwera, Loyce AU - Nahwera L AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-3155-313X AD - Sports Science, Kyambogo University, Kampala, Central Region, Uganda. FAU - Nankwanga, Annet AU - Nankwanga A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-1564-640X AD - Physiotherapy, Soroti University, Soroti, Eastern Region, Uganda. FAU - Bwayo, Denis AU - Bwayo D AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-5548-679X AD - Medicine, Busitema University Faculty of Health Sciences, Mbale, Uganda. AD - Medicine, Mbale Regional Referral Hospital, Mbale, Germany. FAU - Verhagen, Evert AU - Verhagen E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9227-8234 AD - Medical & Anti-doping, UEFA, Nyon, Switzerland. AD - Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc, Amsterdam, Netherlands. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260514 PL - England TA - BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med JT - BMJ open sport & exercise medicine JID - 101681007 PMC - PMC13182413 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Exercise OT - Exercise physiology OT - Non-communicable disease COIS- None declared. EDAT- 2026/05/20 06:32 MHDA- 2026/05/20 06:33 PMCR- 2026/05/14 CRDT- 2026/05/20 04:39 PHST- 2025/12/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/20 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/20 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/20 04:39 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjsem-2025-003128 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjsem-2025-003128 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2026 May 14;12(2):e003128. doi: 10.1136/bmjsem-2025-003128. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42157258 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260724 LR - 20260813 IS - 1476-072X (Electronic) IS - 1476-072X (Linking) VI - 25 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 19 TI - Assessing the accuracy of routing engines in replicating children's walking routes to school: a comparative study of google, mapbox, and OSRM. LID - 10.1186/s12942-026-00473-7 [doi] LID - 38 AB - BACKGROUND: Active school travel (AST) can significantly increase children's physical activity. AST research often utilises global positioning system (GPS) devices to objectively track the routes children take to school. However, GPS-based studies are costly and often subject to recruitment bias which limits population representativeness. Routing engines, such as Google Maps, designed to help people navigate might be low-cost alternatives to the use of GPS if the engines were able to accurately model the routes children took in AST. To date, no studies have systematically evaluated whether routing engines can serve as a viable alternative for modelling children's walking routes to school. We assessed whether widely available routing engines can approximate children's walked routes, providing an internationally transferable, low-cost alternative. METHODS: We compared three routing engines: Google, Mapbox, and Open Source Routing Machine (OSRM), in replicating the GPS measured walking trajectories of 233 school children (age 10-11) across urban and rural Scotland. The percentage of overlap (overlap accuracy, OA), between routing engine predictions and actual GPS tracks was assessed. RESULTS: Mean OA was 67.6% for OSRM, 66.8% for Mapbox, and 62.6% for Google, indicating that approximately two-thirds of each predicted route overlapped with the GPS-measured track. These values were substantially higher than a shortest-path baseline computed on the Ordnance Survey (OS) road network (45.0%). No significant differences in OA were found by sex, deprivation, or urban/rural setting. However, route distance was negatively associated with OA (r = - 0.16 to - 0.23, p < 0.05). At an individual level, one-third of participants showed consistent results across all engines, whilst 49.4% had one discordant engine and 17.2% had mutually inconsistent engines. CONCLUSIONS: Contemporary routing engines reproduce roughly two-thirds of children's walked routes to school, without systematic differences by common sociodemographic or contextual factors. Overall, contemporary routing engines can complement GPS in children's mobility research and practice, offering an empirical reference point for future AST studies. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Not applicable. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Shin, Hyesop AU - Shin H AD - School of Environment, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. Hyesop.shin@auckland.ac.nz. AD - School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK. Hyesop.shin@auckland.ac.nz. FAU - Olsen, Jonathan R AU - Olsen JR AD - School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK. AD - Institute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia. FAU - Mccrorie, Paul AU - Mccrorie P AD - School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK. AD - School of Public Health and Sports Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK. FAU - Caryl, Fiona AU - Caryl F AD - School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK. FAU - Smith, Melody AU - Smith M AD - School of Nursing, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. FAU - Mitchell, Rich AU - Mitchell R AD - School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK. LA - eng GR - MC_UU_00022/4/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - MC_UU_00022/4/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - MC_UU_00022/4/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - MC_UU_00022/4/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - MC_UU_00022/4/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - SPHSU19/CSO_/Chief Scientist Office/United Kingdom GR - SPHSU19/CSO_/Chief Scientist Office/United Kingdom GR - SPHSU19/CSO_/Chief Scientist Office/United Kingdom GR - SPHSU19/CSO_/Chief Scientist Office/United Kingdom GR - SPHSU19/CSO_/Chief Scientist Office/United Kingdom PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260519 PL - England TA - Int J Health Geogr JT - International journal of health geographics JID - 101152198 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Walking/physiology/standards/statistics & numerical data MH - *Geographic Information Systems/standards MH - Child MH - *Schools/standards MH - Female MH - Male MH - Scotland/epidemiology MH - *Search Engine/standards PMC - PMC13397760 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Active school travel (AST) OT - Children OT - GPS OT - Overlapping accuracy (OA) OT - Physical activity OT - Routing engines COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study, a secondary analysis of existing data, was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval for GUS was granted from Scotland's Scottish "A" Multicentre Research Ethics Committee (MREC: 04/M RE 1 0/59). SPACES data collection took place between May 2015 and May 2016 and ethical approval was provided by the College of Social Sciences, University of Glasgow (CSS:400140067). Informed parental consent for research use of data was obtained prior to data collection in both studies. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/20 06:31 MHDA- 2026/07/24 06:35 PMCR- 2026/05/19 CRDT- 2026/05/20 00:16 PHST- 2025/09/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/24 06:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/20 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/20 00:16 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12942-026-00473-7 [pii] AID - 473 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12942-026-00473-7 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Health Geogr. 2026 May 19;25(1):38. doi: 10.1186/s12942-026-00473-7. PMID- 42156949 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260721 LR - 20260813 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 19 TI - Prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome and its association with lifestyle factors among medical students in Jordan: a cross-sectional survey. LID - 10.1038/s41598-026-52741-y [doi] LID - 22751 AB - Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder marked by chronic abdominal discomfort and altered bowel habits, including constipation, diarrhea, or a combination of both. It significantly impacts quality of life and is often linked to psychological stress and dietary factors. Given the scarcity of multi-university data from Jordan, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of IBS among medical students across three Jordanian universities and to identify associated lifestyle, psychological, and demographic risk factors using validated instruments. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among medical students from the University of Jordan, Mutah University, and Jordan University of Science and Technology across all academic levels. The Rome III criteria were employed to diagnose IBS. Sleep quality was evaluated using the SATED (Satisfaction, Alertness, Timing, Efficiency, and Duration) scale, and mental health status was assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). A total of 572 students completed the questionnaire. IBS was identified in 33.74% of respondents. Among those with IBS, 31.1% had the constipation-predominant subtype, 18.1% had the diarrhea-predominant subtype, and 50.8% experienced mixed symptoms. Binary logistic regression revealed that a family history of IBS significantly increased the likelihood of having the disorder (OR: 1.95; 95% CI: 1.34-2.83). Other significant risk factors included smoking (OR: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.08-2.40) and anxiety borderline anxiety (OR: 1.76; 95% CI: 1.11-2.80; p = 0.01). Established anxiety (OR: 1.53; p = 0.06) did not reach statistical significance. Sixth-year students were found to be at highest risk (OR: 5.16; 95% CI: 1.84-14.41), possibly due to greater academic pressure. Regular physical activity was associated with lower IBS odds, though this did not reach statistical significance (OR: 0.6; p = 0.07). No significant association was found with gender, BMI, sleep quality, junk food consumption, or depression. IBS is prevalent among Jordanian medical students and is associated with both genetic predisposition and lifestyle factors. These findings underscore the importance of targeted mental health and lifestyle interventions - particularly for sixth-year students - and highlight the need for longitudinal research to establish causal pathways. To our knowledge, this is the first multi-university study in Jordan to simultaneously assess psychological, sleep, and lifestyle correlates of IBS in medical students using validated instruments, providing a foundation for evidence-based student health policy in the region. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Alzoubi, Mohammad Nasri AU - Alzoubi MN AD - Department of General Surgery, Jordan University Hospital, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan. FAU - Aldhliki, Ameer Burhan AU - Aldhliki AB AD - School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan. FAU - Salameh, Hussam Eyad AU - Salameh HE AD - School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan. FAU - Al-Raymoony, Sara AU - Al-Raymoony S AD - School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan. FAU - Enayah, Majd AU - Enayah M AD - School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan. FAU - Ahmad, Hanan AU - Ahmad H AD - School of Medicine, The University of Mutah, Al-Karak, Jordan. FAU - Madi, Anas AU - Madi A AD - School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan. FAU - Al Kasem, Ahmad AU - Al Kasem A AD - School of Medicine, The University of Mutah, Al-Karak, Jordan. FAU - Abdallah, Noon AU - Abdallah N AD - School of Medicine, The University of Mutah, Al-Karak, Jordan. FAU - Safi, Yasmin AU - Safi Y AD - Department of Surgery, King Hussein Cancer Center, P.O. Box 1269, Amman, 11941, Jordan. FAU - Aljalabneh, Basim AU - Aljalabneh B AD - Department of Surgery, King Hussein Cancer Center, P.O. Box 1269, Amman, 11941, Jordan. DA.10229@KHCC.JO. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260519 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Jordan/epidemiology MH - *Students, Medical/psychology/statistics & numerical data MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - *Life Style MH - Prevalence MH - *Irritable Bowel Syndrome/epidemiology/psychology MH - Adult MH - Young Adult MH - Risk Factors MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Quality of Life MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13385915 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Irritable bowel syndrome OT - Jordan OT - Lifestyle factors OT - Medical students OT - Mental health OT - Prevalence COIS- Declarations. Consent to participate: Digital written consent was obtained from all participants after providing a detailed explanation of the study objectives and procedures. Participants were informed that their participation was voluntary and that they could withdraw at any time without any consequences. All completed questionnaires were kept anonymous and confidential, and all responses were used strictly for research purposes only. Access to the data was restricted to the research team, and all data were securely stored in compliance with institutional and ethical guidelines. Consent to publish: No personally identifiable information or images are included in this manuscript. Therefore, separate consent for publication was not required. Participants provided implied consent for the use of anonymized data for publication through their voluntary completion and submission of the survey. Ethics approval: This study was performed in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Research Council of the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Jordan (2682/2023/67). Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/20 00:32 MHDA- 2026/07/21 06:34 PMCR- 2026/05/19 CRDT- 2026/05/19 23:41 PHST- 2025/06/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/21 06:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/20 00:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/19 23:41 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-52741-y [pii] AID - 52741 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-52741-y [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2026 May 19;16(1):22751. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-52741-y. PMID- 42156871 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260719 LR - 20260813 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 19 TI - Urinary miR-221-3p and miR-324-5p in combination with albuminuria as a promising model for non-invasive diagnosis of pediatric celiac disease. LID - 10.1038/s41598-026-53245-5 [doi] LID - 22635 AB - Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic autoimmune enteropathy triggered by gluten ingestion that can cause intestinal damage and extra-intestinal complications, including renal involvement in children. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, stable, non-coding RNAs detectable in body fluids, and urinary miRNAs are particularly promising biomarkers due to their non-invasive collection and ability to reflect kidney function. While circulating miRNAs have been proposed as diagnostic markers of CD and indicators of adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD), their role in monitoring renal alterations in pediatric patients remains unclear. Conventional measures, such as albuminuria, detect kidney damage but lack specificity for disease-related changes. Therefore, we aimed at exploring the possibility that urinary miRNAs coupled to albuminuria could be used to diagnose both CD and the presence of renal alterations. We analyzed urinary miRNA profiles in pediatric CD patients at diagnosis, on GFD, and in healthy controls. We found that urinary miR-221-3p and miR-324-5p and albuminuria are significantly dysregulated in children with CD compared to GFD and controls, identifying them as candidate biomarkers for diagnostic applications. Under GFD, their expression normalized supporting their potential role not only in monitoring renal recovery but also in objectively assessing dietary adherence. These findings highlight urinary miRNAs in combination with albuminuria as clinically relevant, non-invasive predictors for a non-invasive diagnosis of pediatric CD. More broadly, they suggest that urinary miRNA profiling could serve as a promising translational method to improve early detection, patient stratification, and longitudinal management across pediatric autoimmune disorders once fully validated in future larger cohorts. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Paolini, Alessandro AU - Paolini A AD - Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital-IRCCS, Research Laboratories, Rome, Italy. FAU - Bruno, Stefania Paola AU - Bruno SP AD - Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital-IRCCS, Research Laboratories, Rome, Italy. FAU - Felli, Cristina AU - Felli C AD - Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital-IRCCS, Research Laboratories, Rome, Italy. FAU - Sandal, Semih AU - Sandal S AD - Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Altindag, 06230, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Rostami-Nejad, Mohammad AU - Rostami-Nejad M AD - Celiac Disease and Gluten Related Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Muzi, Chantal AU - Muzi C AD - Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital-IRCCS, Research Laboratories, Rome, Italy. FAU - Cheri, Elena AU - Cheri E AD - Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital-IRCCS, Research Laboratories, Rome, Italy. FAU - Ferretti, Francesca AU - Ferretti F AD - Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital-IRCCS, Research Laboratories, Rome, Italy. AD - Gastroenterology and Nutritional Rehabilitation Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital-IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Masotti, Andrea AU - Masotti A AD - Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital-IRCCS, Research Laboratories, Rome, Italy. andrea.masotti@opbg.net. FAU - Baldassarre, Antonella AU - Baldassarre A AD - Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital-IRCCS, Research Laboratories, Rome, Italy. LA - eng GR - PNRR-POC-2022-12375779/European Union - Next Generation EU - NRRP M6C2 - Investment 2.1 Enhancement and strengthening of biomedical research in the NHS/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260519 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 RN - 0 (MicroRNAs) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (MIR221, human) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Celiac Disease/diagnosis/urine MH - *MicroRNAs/urine MH - Biomarkers/urine MH - *Albuminuria/urine/diagnosis MH - Child MH - Female MH - Male MH - Diet, Gluten-Free MH - Adolescent MH - Child, Preschool PMC - PMC13381913 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Albuminuria OT - Biomarkers OT - Celiac disease OT - Gluten-free diet OT - MicroRNAs OT - Urine COIS- Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Ethical approval: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and approved by the Institutional Review Board (or Ethics Committee) of Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital-IRCCS (protocol code Progetto PNRR-POC-2022-12375779; 15/03/2023). Informed consent: Written informed consent was obtained from a parent and/or legal guardian of all subjects involved in the study for study participation and to publish this paper. EDAT- 2026/05/20 00:34 MHDA- 2026/07/20 00:37 PMCR- 2026/05/19 CRDT- 2026/05/19 23:38 PHST- 2026/01/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/20 00:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/20 00:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/19 23:38 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-53245-5 [pii] AID - 53245 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-53245-5 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2026 May 19;16(1):22635. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-53245-5. PMID- 42156819 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260708 LR - 20260813 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 19 TI - The impact of physical activity on rumination: a chain mediation model of executive function and metacognitive dysfunction and the examination of suppression effects. LID - 10.1038/s41598-026-51571-2 [doi] LID - 21002 AB - The present study aimed to examine the mediating roles of executive function and metacognitive dysfunction in the relationship between physical activity and rumination, as well as the suppressing effect within their parallel mediating pathways. From a cognitive architecture perspective, this study further explored the association pattern between physical activity and rumination among adolescents. A cross-sectional design was adopted in the present study, and data on physical activity, rumination, executive function and metacognitive dysfunction among adolescents were collected via a questionnaire survey and computerized neuropsychological tasks. A total of 603 Chinese adolescents were enrolled in the study (Mage = 16.058, SD = 0.828, male = 47.9%). Statistical analyses including reliability and validity analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, partial correlation analysis and structural equation model construction were conducted using SPSS 27.0 and AMOS 27.0, and the mediating effects were examined via the Bootstrap method. Physical activity was significantly associated with lower levels of rumination, with executive function and metacognitive dysfunction showing significant mediating associations. Specifically, higher levels of physical activity were associated with better executive function, which in turn was associated with lower rumination (beta = -0.141, 95% Confidence Interval [- 0.210, - 0.078]). In addition, physical activity was positively associated with metacognitive dysfunction, which was further associated with higher levels of rumination (beta = 0.091, 95% Confidence Interval [0.055, 0.133]). Similarly, higher levels of physical activity were associated with better executive function, which was further associated with lower levels of metacognitive dysfunction, and subsequently with lower rumination, and the reduction of metacognitive dysfunction can further decrease the occurrence of rumination (beta = -0.051, 95% Confidence Interval [- 0.078, - 0.029]). Furthermore, the parallel mediating pathways in the present study show inconsistent directions, presenting a statistically significant suppression effect, and the total indirect pathway effect is partially offset. The present study reveals that the relationship between physical activity and rumination may operate through multiple cognitive pathways with opposing directions, highlighting the structural roles of executive function and metacognitive dysfunction in this association. These findings provide a novel structural perspective for understanding the complexity of the psychological effects of physical activity and offer empirical references for the design of subsequent longitudinal or intervention studies. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Cai, Dongsheng AU - Cai D AD - Institute of Sports Science, Nantong University, Nantong, China. FAU - Shi, Liteng AU - Shi L AD - Institute of Sports Science, Nantong University, Nantong, China. FAU - Yang, Yang AU - Yang Y AD - Institute of Sports Science, Nantong University, Nantong, China. FAU - Zhou, Yuan AU - Zhou Y AD - Institute of Sports Science, Nantong University, Nantong, China. FAU - Lu, Bochun AU - Lu B AD - Institute of Sports Science, Nantong University, Nantong, China. lubochun@ntu.edu.cn. FAU - Wang, Shimeng AU - Wang S AD - Institute of Sports Science, Nantong University, Nantong, China. wangsm@ntu.edu.cn. LA - eng GR - 23YJC890039/Humanities and Social Science Research Youth Fund, the Ministry of Education of China/ GR - 25KJD190001/Basic Science (Natural Science) Research Project for Higher Education Institutions in Jiangsu Province/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260519 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Executive Function/physiology MH - *Metacognition/physiology MH - *Exercise/psychology/physiology MH - Adolescent MH - *Rumination, Cognitive/physiology MH - Female MH - Male MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Neuropsychological Tests PMC - PMC13342091 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescents OT - Chain mediation OT - Cognitive structure OT - Executive function OT - Metacognitive dysfunction OT - Physical activity OT - Rumination OT - Suppressing effect COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Consent for publication: Not applicable. EDAT- 2026/05/20 00:33 MHDA- 2026/07/08 12:56 PMCR- 2026/05/19 CRDT- 2026/05/19 23:36 PHST- 2026/02/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/08 12:56 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/20 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/19 23:36 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-51571-2 [pii] AID - 51571 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-51571-2 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2026 May 19;16(1):21002. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-51571-2. PMID- 42155958 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260613 LR - 20260624 IS - 1879-1506 (Electronic) IS - 0003-9969 (Linking) VI - 188 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Assessing convolutional neural networks architectures for orthopantomography image analysis: Judicial dental age threshold classification. PG - 106626 LID - S0003-9969(26)00132-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2026.106626 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Forensic dental age assessment is required when documentary evidence is absent or unreliable, and judicial decisions often depend on whether an individual falls below or above legally defined age thresholds. This pilot study evaluates ImageNet pretrained convolutional neural network architectures for binary age threshold classification. DESIGN: Orthopantomograms from individuals aged 0-25 years (1887 males and 1664 females) was selected using predefined inclusion criteria and labelled by chronological age. For each legal threshold (10, 12, 14, 16, 18 and 21 years), images were stratified into training and validation sets using an 80 20 split while preserving class distributions. Preprocessing included contrast enhancement with contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization, automated cropping, resizing to model specific input dimensions and ImageNet normalisation. Data augmentation was applied only to training images. Seven convolutional neural network architectures (ResNet 50, ResNet 152, VGG19, DenseNet 121, DenseNet 169, EfficientNetV2 M and Xception) were fine tuned in PyTorch using binary cross entropy loss with early stopping. Hyperparameters were optimised through Bayesian search targeting macro F1 score. Model interpretability was assessed using Grad CAM heatmaps reviewed by dental experts. RESULTS: EfficientNetV2 M showed the best performance for the 10-year threshold (accuracy: 0.935), DenseNet 169 for the 12-year threshold (accuracy: 0.945) and Xception for the remaining thresholds (accuracy: 14-year: 0.924; 16-year: 0.947; 18-year: 0.906; 21-year: 0.890). Errors clustered near age cut offs and increased at higher thresholds. Grad CAM highlighted posterior dento alveolar regions associated with root development. CONCLUSION: These results support convolutional neural network based orthopantomogram analysis as a judicial decision support approach and guided model selection for large scale evaluation. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Palmela Pereira, Cristiana AU - Palmela Pereira C AD - Faculdade de Medicina Dentaria da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; Centro de Estatistica e Aplicacoes da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal. Electronic address: cpereira@edu.ulisboa.pt. FAU - Figueiras, Antonio AU - Figueiras A AD - Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal. Electronic address: alpfigueiras@gmail.com. FAU - Nushi, Valon AU - Nushi V AD - Centro de Estatistica e Aplicacoes da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal. Electronic address: nushi.valon@gmail.com. FAU - Elbawab, Mohamed AU - Elbawab M AD - Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal. Electronic address: mohamed.elbawab@tecnico.ulisboa.pt. FAU - Francisco, Alexandre AU - Francisco A AD - INESC-ID, Portugal. Electronic address: aplf@tecnico.ulisboa.pt. FAU - Oliveira, Arlindo AU - Oliveira A AD - INESC-ID, Portugal. Electronic address: arlindo.oliveira@tecnico.ulisboa.pt. FAU - Vaz, Catia AU - Vaz C AD - ISEL, Portugal. Electronic address: cvaz@cc.isel.ipl.pt. FAU - Santos, Rui AU - Santos R AD - Centro de Estatistica e Aplicacoes da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto Politecnico de Leiria, Portugal. Electronic address: rui.santos@ipleiria.pt. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260513 PL - England TA - Arch Oral Biol JT - Archives of oral biology JID - 0116711 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Age Determination by Teeth/methods MH - *Radiography, Panoramic/methods MH - *Convolutional Neural Networks MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Male MH - Female MH - Infant MH - Child, Preschool MH - Pilot Projects MH - Young Adult MH - Adult MH - Infant, Newborn MH - *Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods MH - *Forensic Dentistry/methods OTO - NOTNLM OT - Age-threshold classification OT - Convolutional neural networks OT - Decision support systems OT - Forensic age assessment OT - Orthopantomography COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/05/20 00:35 MHDA- 2026/06/13 06:38 CRDT- 2026/05/19 19:40 PHST- 2026/01/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/13 06:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/20 00:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/19 19:40 [entrez] AID - S0003-9969(26)00132-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2026.106626 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Arch Oral Biol. 2026 Aug;188:106626. doi: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2026.106626. Epub 2026 May 13. PMID- 42155401 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260716 IS - 1873-7358 (Electronic) IS - 1471-0153 (Linking) VI - 61 DP - 2026 Apr TI - Sleep, mood, and binge eating: Evidence from a student sample. PG - 102092 LID - S1471-0153(26)00025-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2026.102092 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Binge eating is a transdiagnostic symptom that occurs along a continuum and is common in the general population. Sleep difficulties are widespread in clinical eating disorders populations and carry important implications for treatment and outcome; yet it remains unclear if similar difficulties occur in individuals with undiagnosed binge eating. The present study investigated the relationship between binge eating and sleep in an undiagnosed student sample, using both objective and subjective measures of sleep quality and duration. A secondary aim was to examine whether difficulties in emotional regulation contribute to this relationship. METHOD: Sixty-nine participants without a diagnosis of an eating disorder were classified into low or moderate-to-high binge eating groups and completed a 7-day protocol in which sleep was continuously monitored via the MotionWatch 8. Validated self-report questionnaires were administered to assess low mood, sleep quality, eating disorder symptomatology, worry, daytime sleepiness, and chronotype. RESULTS: Individuals with moderate-to-high binge eating reported poorer perceived sleep alongside higher levels of low mood and worry, despite no detectable differences in actigraphy derived sleep. Low mood - but not worry - emerged as a significant mediator of the relationship between sleep and binge eating. DISCUSSION: Together, these findings highlight the importance of considering affective processes and sleep perception, rather than objective sleep alone, when examining sleep-binge eating links in undiagnosed populations. This may have important implications for sleep research in at-risk and undiagnosed eating disorders samples, as well as for the development of public health interventions. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Martinelli, Cristina AU - Martinelli C AD - City St Georges, University of London, United Kingdom; Kingston University, United Kingdom. Electronic address: cristina.martinelli@citystgeorges.ac.uk. FAU - Spano, Goffredina AU - Spano G AD - City St Georges, University of London, United Kingdom. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260514 PL - United States TA - Eat Behav JT - Eating behaviors JID - 101090048 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Affect/physiology MH - *Bulimia/psychology/physiopathology MH - Male MH - Students/psychology MH - Young Adult MH - Adult MH - Sleep Quality MH - *Sleep/physiology MH - Chronotype MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Actigraphy MH - Adolescent MH - *Sleep Wake Disorders/psychology MH - Binge-Eating Disorder/psychology MH - Anxiety/psychology MH - Emotional Regulation/physiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Actigraphy OT - Affective symptoms OT - Binge eating OT - Eating disorders OT - Sleep COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors report no conflict of interest to disclose. EDAT- 2026/05/20 00:35 MHDA- 2026/05/29 15:42 CRDT- 2026/05/19 18:19 PHST- 2026/01/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/29 15:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/20 00:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/19 18:19 [entrez] AID - S1471-0153(26)00025-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2026.102092 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eat Behav. 2026 Apr;61:102092. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2026.102092. Epub 2026 May 14. PMID- 42155367 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260707 LR - 20260726 IS - 1873-622X (Electronic) IS - 0005-7967 (Print) IS - 0005-7967 (Linking) VI - 203 DP - 2026 Aug TI - From urge to behavior: An investigation of the temporal relationship between eating disorder urges and engagement in eating disorder behaviors. PG - 105068 LID - S0005-7967(26)00121-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.brat.2026.105068 [doi] AB - Eating disorders (EDs) are severe psychiatric disorders with limited treatment efficacy. Thus, EDs require innovative, reliable ways to better predict when ED behaviors occur to increase precision of adaptive interventions. Therefore, the current study investigated momentary relations among ED urges and ED behaviors. Participants were individuals with EDs (N = 57). Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) data was collected five times a day for two weeks, with 3-4 h between each survey. EMA captured ED urges and behaviors (e.g., restriction, self-induced vomiting, binge eating, skipping meals, excessive exercise) since the last survey. We tested the short-term effects of current urge (t), previous urge (3-4 h preceding current timepoint; t-1), and previous behavior (3-4 h preceding current timepoint; t-1), on the presence and severity of current behavior (t). We also investigated early prediction of behaviors using earlier urges of up to 5 timepoints preceding the current behavior (15-20 h before current behavior). Overall, urges were reliably related to behavior presence and severity for all behaviors within the same timepoint (ps < 0.01), suggesting urges likely become behaviors within 3-4-h. More nuanced relations between urges and behaviors were found for excessive exercise, self-induced vomiting, and skipping meals. For example, previous excessive exercise was predictive of exercise presence (p < 0.01) and severity (p < 0.05) at the next time point. Future research should further investigate when within 3-4 h urges become a behavior to increase predictive accuracy. The current study is an important first step in identifying a reliable, precise point of intervention for innovative ED treatments. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Hooper, Savannah C AU - Hooper SC AD - Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, United States. Electronic address: savannah.hooper@louisville.edu. FAU - Qiu, Jiaxing AU - Qiu J AD - Department of Psychology and School of Data Science, University of Virginia, United States. FAU - Henry, Teague R AU - Henry TR AD - Department of Psychology and School of Data Science, University of Virginia, United States. FAU - Hunt, Rowan AU - Hunt R AD - Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, United States. FAU - Levinson, Cheri A AU - Levinson CA AD - Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, United States; Department of Pediatrics - Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Louisville, United States. LA - eng GR - R34 MH128213/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260515 PL - England TA - Behav Res Ther JT - Behaviour research and therapy JID - 0372477 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology MH - Ecological Momentary Assessment MH - Female MH - Adult MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - Time Factors MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13330728 MID - NIHMS2178914 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Eating disorder behaviors OT - Eating disorder urges OT - Ecological momentary assessment OT - Just-in-time adaptive interventions COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Cheri A. Levinson reports a relationship with Be Well Kentucky that includes: equity or stocks. Cheri A. Levinson reports a relationship with Sylvia Precision Health that includes: equity or stocks. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/05/20 00:32 MHDA- 2026/07/07 18:56 PMCR- 2027/05/15 CRDT- 2026/05/19 18:19 PHST- 2025/04/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/07 18:56 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/20 00:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/19 18:19 [entrez] PHST- 2027/05/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0005-7967(26)00121-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.brat.2026.105068 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Behav Res Ther. 2026 Aug;203:105068. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2026.105068. Epub 2026 May 15. PMID- 42154887 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260813 IS - 2177-6709 (Electronic) IS - 2176-9451 (Print) IS - 2176-9451 (Linking) VI - 31 IP - 2 DP - 2026 TI - Pediatric validation of an AI-assisted smartphone application (WebCeph) for cephalometric analysis: reliability, reproducibility and time-efficiency assessment. PG - e2625274 LID - S2176-94512026000200603 [pii] LID - 10.1590/2177-6709.31.2.e2625274.oar [doi] LID - e2625274 AB - INTRODUCTION: Although AI-assisted cephalometric applications are widely used, most validation studies involve adult radiographs. Pediatric craniofacial landmarks show greater variability due to growth, which may influence automated landmark accuracy. Therefore, pediatric-specific validation of AI-based smartphone cephalometry is essential. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the reliability, reproducibility, and time-efficiency of an AI-assisted smartphone application (WebCeph) compared with manual cephalometric tracing in children. METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 51 lateral cephalograms of children aged 7-12 years. Manual tracings were performed by a calibrated examiner, and digital tracings were obtained using the WebCeph Android application. Linear and angular measurements were recorded for both methods. Intra-examiner reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Agreement between methods was evaluated using paired t-tests and Cohen's d. Tracing time was documented, and normality was confirmed using the Shapiro-Wilk test. RESULTS: Both methods demonstrated high reliability. Most parameters showed no significant differences, although a few (SNA, ANB, L1-MP) showed statistically significant but clinically negligible discrepancies. ICC values indicated excellent agreement. WebCeph significantly reduced analysis time (9.4 +/- 1.82 minutes), compared with manual tracing (19.4 +/- 2.65 minutes). CONCLUSION: The WebCeph AI-assisted smartphone application provides reliable and clinically comparable cephalometric measurements to manual tracing in pediatric patients, with substantial time savings. It may serve as an efficient adjunct to routine pediatric orthodontic diagnostics, with consideration for growth-related landmark variability. FAU - Shinde, Rohan AU - Shinde R AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-2914-7552 AD - Pacific Dental College & Hospital, Department of Pediatric Dentistry (Udaipur, Rajasthan State, India). FAU - Rao, Dinesh AU - Rao D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1794-3334 AD - Pacific Dental College & Hospital, Department of Pediatric Dentistry (Udaipur, Rajasthan State, India). FAU - Panwar, Sunil AU - Panwar S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3642-5863 AD - Pacific Dental College & Hospital, Department of Pediatric Dentistry (Udaipur, Rajasthan State, India). FAU - Phalke, Manan AU - Phalke M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9735-3387 AD - Pacific Dental College & Hospital, Department of Pediatric Dentistry (Udaipur, Rajasthan State, India). LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260518 PL - Brazil TA - Dental Press J Orthod JT - Dental press journal of orthodontics JID - 101532240 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - *Cephalometry/methods MH - *Smartphone MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - *Mobile Applications MH - Male MH - Time Factors MH - Anatomic Landmarks MH - Observer Variation PMC - PMC13185514 COIS- The authors report no commercial, proprietary or financial interest in the products or companies described in this article. EDAT- 2026/05/19 18:32 MHDA- 2026/05/19 18:33 PMCR- 2026/05/18 CRDT- 2026/05/19 14:05 PHST- 2025/10/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/12/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/19 18:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/19 18:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/19 14:05 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2176-94512026000200603 [pii] AID - 10.1590/2177-6709.31.2.e2625274.oar [doi] PST - epublish SO - Dental Press J Orthod. 2026 May 18;31(2):e2625274. doi: 10.1590/2177-6709.31.2.e2625274.oar. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42154860 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260730 IS - 1943-7722 (Electronic) IS - 0002-9173 (Linking) VI - 165 IP - 5 DP - 2026 May 5 TI - Defining baseline high-sensitivity cardiac troponin levels in healthy collegiate athletes. LID - aqag042 [pii] LID - 10.1093/ajcp/aqag042 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: Cardiac troponin (cTn) is a critical biomarker for diagnosing myocardial injury; however, intense physical activity can transiently elevate cTn concentrations, creating diagnostic challenges in athletic populations. High-sensitivity cardiac troponin assays (hs-cTn) further complicate discrimination between physiologic and pathologic elevations. METHODS: This study characterized baseline high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) distributions in collegiate athletes and evaluated associations with sex, time since exercise, sport type, and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB). We analyzed baseline hs-cTnI values from 173 elite collegiate athletes (98 women, 75 men) representing 21 sports. RESULTS: The median hs-cTnI concentration (<4 ng/L) was identical between sexes, but divergence emerged in the upper distribution tail, with hs-cTnI values exceeding population-derived 99th percentile upper reference limits occurring at lower percentiles in men than women (73rd vs 85th percentile), resulting in a higher prevalence of abnormal classifications in men (28% vs 17%, P < .01). Ninety-fifth percentile values were similar between sexes, whereas divergence was confined to the extreme upper tail (99th percentile). Abnormal hs-cTnI values were more frequent when samples were collected <48 hours after exercise compared with >/=48 hours (29% vs 16%, P = .04). No association was observed between hs-cTnI and CK-MB (P = .37). Significant differences emerged between sports (P = .02), with the highest proportions of abnormal hs-cTnI observed among cross-country (80%), sailing (44%), and rowing (35%) athletes. CONCLUSIONS: These findings support athlete-focused interpretation of hs-cTnI incorporating sex-specific thresholds, standardized postexercise sampling, and sport context. Such tailored approaches may reduce false-positive results and unnecessary evaluations while preserving diagnostic accuracy for true myocardial pathology. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of American Society for Clinical Pathology. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site-for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com. FAU - Jamal, Yaseen A AU - Jamal YA AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-0565-1682 AD - Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States. FAU - Montiel, Avery AU - Montiel A AD - Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States. FAU - Jones, Skyler AU - Jones S AD - Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States. FAU - Nair, Priyanka AU - Nair P AD - Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States. FAU - Parikh, Victoria AU - Parikh V AD - Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States. FAU - Haddad, Francois AU - Haddad F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9648-7671 AD - Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States. FAU - Wheeler, Matthew T AU - Wheeler MT AD - Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States. FAU - Hwang, Calvin AU - Hwang C AD - Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States. FAU - Tso, Jason V AU - Tso JV AD - Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States. FAU - Bowen, Raffick A R AU - Bowen RAR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7652-8560 AD - Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States. LA - eng GR - Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine/ PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Am J Clin Pathol JT - American journal of clinical pathology JID - 0370470 RN - 0 (Troponin I) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Troponin I/blood MH - *Athletes MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - Young Adult MH - Reference Values MH - Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Sports MH - Exercise/physiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I OT - hs-cTnI OT - troponin EDAT- 2026/05/19 18:32 MHDA- 2026/05/19 18:33 CRDT- 2026/05/19 14:04 PHST- 2026/01/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/19 18:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/19 18:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/19 14:04 [entrez] AID - 8687580 [pii] AID - 10.1093/ajcp/aqag042 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Am J Clin Pathol. 2026 May 5;165(5):aqag042. doi: 10.1093/ajcp/aqag042. PMID- 42153348 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260901 LR - 20260908 IS - 1365-3156 (Electronic) IS - 1360-2276 (Print) IS - 1360-2276 (Linking) VI - 31 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Epidemiological, Spatial and Predictive Analysis of Tuberculosis-Related Mortality in the Department of Risaralda (Colombia), 2020-2024. PG - 1284-1290 LID - 10.1111/tmi.70168 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To analyse the epidemiological characteristics, spatial distribution and predictors of TB-related mortality in Risaralda from 2020 to 2024. METHODS: A retrospective observational study was conducted using secondary data from the National Public Health Surveillance System (SIVIGILA). Descriptive statistics, spatial analysis (choropleth maps) and binary logistic regression were used to identify sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with TB case fatality. Model performance was evaluated using ROC curves, sensitivity, specificity and 5-fold cross-validation. RESULTS: A total of 2081 confirmed TB cases were analysed, with a case fatality rate of 13.2%. Mortality was higher among individuals >/= 65 years (OR: 3.87), hospitalized patients (OR: 7.33), HIV-positive individuals (OR: 3.49), those with undernutrition (OR: 1.89), males (OR: 1.45) and Indigenous persons (OR: 1.67). The logistic model showed good discrimination (AUC: 0.82), with sensitivity of 79.2% and specificity of 73.8%. Cross-validation confirmed model stability (AUC: 0.81). Spatial analysis revealed high mortality in rural municipalities with low case burden, suggesting health inequities. CONCLUSION: TB mortality in Risaralda is influenced by age, comorbidities and social determinants, with pronounced territorial disparities. These findings support the integration of spatial and predictive tools in TB surveillance to strengthen targeted interventions and reduce mortality in high-risk populations. CI - (c) 2026 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Patino-Palma, Brayan Esneider AU - Patino-Palma BE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6932-0980 AD - ZIPATEFI Research Group, Fundacion Universitaria del Area Andina, Pereira, Colombia. FAU - Chacon-Bambague, Sandra Yineth AU - Chacon-Bambague SY AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-2196-8190 AD - ZIPATEFI Research Group, Fundacion Universitaria del Area Andina, Pereira, Colombia. FAU - Bermudez-Moreno, Farhlyn Paola AU - Bermudez-Moreno FP AD - GIER Research Group, Fundacion Universitaria del Area Andina, Pereira, Colombia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260519 PL - England TA - Trop Med Int Health JT - Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH JID - 9610576 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Female MH - *Tuberculosis/mortality/epidemiology MH - Aged MH - Colombia/epidemiology MH - Middle Aged MH - Adult MH - Spatial Analysis MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - Risk Factors MH - Logistic Models MH - Child, Preschool MH - Infant PMC - PMC13533626 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Colombia OT - epidemiology OT - logistic models OT - mortality OT - risk factors OT - spatial analysis OT - tuberculosis COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/19 06:30 MHDA- 2026/09/01 23:34 PMCR- 2026/09/02 CRDT- 2026/05/19 05:33 PHST- 2026/02/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/07/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/01 23:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/19 06:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/19 05:33 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - TMI70168 [pii] AID - 10.1111/tmi.70168 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Trop Med Int Health. 2026 Sep;31(9):1284-1290. doi: 10.1111/tmi.70168. Epub 2026 May 19. PMID- 42152555 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261020 LR - 20261020 IS - 1467-1107 (Electronic) IS - 1047-9511 (Linking) VI - 36 IP - 5 DP - 2026 May TI - The 3-minute Step Test predicts cardiometabolic health in children. PG - 950-954 LID - 10.1017/S1047951126112888 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: This study evaluated whether the 3-minute Step Test, a submaximal measure of cardiorespiratory fitness, can predict cardiometabolic and arterial health in youth with atherosclerosis-promoting cardiometabolic risk factors. METHODS: Children and adolescents attended a paediatric preventive cardiology clinic for management of cardiometabolic risk factors. Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed using a 3-minute Step Test, where an individual steps up/down on a 6-inch step at 24 steps/min for 3 minutes. The percentage of age-predicted maximum heart rate that was attained at the end of the Step Test was recorded as a measure of physiological work (cardiorespiratory fitness). Lifestyle-influenced cardiometabolic risk factors included: body anthropometrics [body mass index z-score, waist-to-height ratio z-score], systolic blood pressure, and serum markers [triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, haemoglobin A1C, alanine aminotransferase, vitamin D]. Arterial function was assessed by measuring pulse wave velocity and was normalised to sex and height-specific z-score. RESULTS: The sample included 482 patients [age 14.31 +/- 2.38 years, 261 (53%) male]. A higher percent predicted peak heart rate strongly correlated with worse lifestyle-influenced cardiometabolic risk factors and with higher pulse wave velocity, suggesting increased arterial stiffness. CONCLUSION: Percent predicted peak heart rate from the 3-minute Step Test was associated with cardiometabolic and arterial health. The 3-minute Step Test is an inexpensive, quick, and low-resource-intensive method to estimate cardiorespiratory fitness, cardiometabolic and arterial health in an outpatient clinical setting. FAU - Watson, Jessica S AU - Watson JS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9235-9672 AD - Children's Mercy Hospital and Clinics, Kansas City, MO, USA. ROR: https://ror.org/04zfmcq84 AD - School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, USA. ROR: https://ror.org/01w0d5g70 FAU - Riforgiate, Elizabeth AU - Riforgiate E AD - School of Medicine, University of Kansas, Kansas City, KS, USA. FAU - Helmick, MacKenzie AU - Helmick M AD - Children's Mercy Hospital and Clinics, Kansas City, MO, USA. ROR: https://ror.org/04zfmcq84 FAU - White, David A AU - White DA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4320-5351 AD - Children's Mercy Hospital and Clinics, Kansas City, MO, USA. ROR: https://ror.org/04zfmcq84 AD - School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, USA. ROR: https://ror.org/01w0d5g70 FAU - Sherman, Ashley K AU - Sherman AK AD - Children's Mercy Hospital and Clinics, Kansas City, MO, USA. ROR: https://ror.org/04zfmcq84 FAU - Raghuveer, Geetha AU - Raghuveer G AD - Children's Mercy Hospital and Clinics, Kansas City, MO, USA. ROR: https://ror.org/04zfmcq84 AD - School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, USA. ROR: https://ror.org/01w0d5g70 LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260519 PL - England TA - Cardiol Young JT - Cardiology in the young JID - 9200019 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Cardiorespiratory Fitness/physiology MH - Adolescent MH - *Exercise Test/methods MH - Child MH - Cardiometabolic Risk Factors MH - *Heart Rate/physiology MH - Pulse Wave Analysis MH - Blood Pressure/physiology MH - *Cardiovascular Diseases/physiopathology MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - Risk Factors OTO - NOTNLM OT - Step test OT - arterial health OT - cardiometabolic health OT - children OT - lipid profile EDAT- 2026/05/19 06:30 MHDA- 2026/10/20 17:34 CRDT- 2026/05/19 02:03 PHST- 2026/10/20 17:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/19 06:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/19 02:03 [entrez] AID - S1047951126112888 [pii] AID - 10.1017/S1047951126112888 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cardiol Young. 2026 May;36(5):950-954. doi: 10.1017/S1047951126112888. Epub 2026 May 19. PMID- 42152169 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260712 LR - 20260813 IS - 2055-0928 (Electronic) IS - 2055-0928 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 18 TI - Whole and refined grains consumption and social interaction in children: a cross-sectional study. LID - 10.1186/s40795-026-01350-z [doi] LID - 133 AB - BACKGROUND: Social interaction is fundamental to a child's mental health and development. While diet is a known modulator of brain function, the specific roles of refined versus whole grain intake on social behaviors in children are not well understood. This study aimed to investigate association between refined and whole grain consumption and social interaction scores among Iranian children. METHODS: This cross-sectional study recruited 313 children aged 7-13 years from Kashan, Iran. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated 168-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Social interaction was evaluated using the 40-item Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ), where higher scores indicate greater difficulties with communication. Multivariable linear regression models were used to assess association between grain intake and SCQ scores, adjusting for a comprehensive set of demographics, socioeconomic, anthropometric, and dietary confounders. RESULTS: In the fully adjusted model, total refined grains intake was significantly associated with higher SCQ scores (beta‌: 0.007, 95% CI: 0.005, 0.009; P < 0.001). Conversely, total whole grain was associated with lower SCQ scores (beta‌: -0.006, 95% CI: -0.009, -0.002; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: In this study, higher intake of refined grains was associated with poorer social interaction, while greater consumption of whole grains was associated with more favorable social behaviors in Iranian children. Future longitudinal and interventional studies are required to clarify the causal relationship between grain quality and social interaction in children of different countries. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Aliakbari, Mohammadreza AU - Aliakbari M AD - Student Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Haghighat Lari, Mohammad Mehdi AU - Haghighat Lari MM AD - Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran. AD - Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran. FAU - Nouri, Pania AU - Nouri P AD - Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran. FAU - Mollaei, Maryam AU - Mollaei M AD - Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran. FAU - Kermanizadeh Jamkarani, Zahra AU - Kermanizadeh Jamkarani Z AD - Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran. FAU - Nematolahi, Faezeh AU - Nematolahi F AD - Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. AD - Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. FAU - Milajerdi, Alireza AU - Milajerdi A AD - Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran. amkhv@yahoo.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260518 PL - England TA - BMC Nutr JT - BMC nutrition JID - 101672434 PMC - PMC13359884 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Children OT - Dietary patterns OT - Refined grains OT - SCQ OT - Social interaction OT - Whole grains COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Kashan University of Medical Sciences (IR.KAUMS.MEDNT.REC.1403.117). The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from the parents of all participants prior to enrollment in the study. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/19 06:30 MHDA- 2026/05/19 06:31 PMCR- 2026/05/18 CRDT- 2026/05/19 00:19 PHST- 2026/02/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/19 06:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/19 06:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/19 00:19 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s40795-026-01350-z [pii] AID - 1350 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s40795-026-01350-z [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Nutr. 2026 May 18;12(1):133. doi: 10.1186/s40795-026-01350-z. PMID- 42152104 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260913 LR - 20260916 IS - 1475-2891 (Electronic) IS - 1475-2891 (Linking) VI - 25 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 18 TI - Feeding problems in infancy and diet quality in later childhood: a prospective cohort study. LID - 10.1186/s12937-026-01311-z [doi] LID - 99 AB - BACKGROUND: Feeding problems affect many children, yet their connection with diet quality in later childhood is unknown, despite the important role of diet quality on health outcomes, such as obesity. OBJECTIVE: To examine feeding problem behaviors and diet quality in later childhood. DESIGN: The frequency of problematic feeding behaviors (i.e., items related to food refusal, feeding difficulties, and distress) were parent-reported at 18 and 24 months in a birth cohort (2008-2010) from New York state (n = 4,989). In this previously validated feeding behaviors scale, parents responded to how often their child engaged in behaviors such as crying/screaming during meals and food refusal, to create an average feeding problems score. Typical daily servings of food items that a child consumed were parent-reported at 30 months, 36 months, 7 years, and 9 years and diet quality using the Youth Healthy Eating Index (YHEI) was calculated, with a higher score indicating better diet quality. Mixed effects analyses calculated mean differences in YHEI per unit increase in feeding problem scores, adjusting for sociodemographic and health-related factors, such as parental education, gestational age, and any breastfeeding duration. RESULTS: Feeding problem scores at 18 and 24 months were prospectively associated with lower YHEI scores at 30/36 months (18 months: B = -1.10, 95% CI: -1.93, -0.27; 24 months: B = -1.56, 95% CI: -2.33, -0.79). Similar associations were observed at 7/9 years (18 months: B = -1.30, 95% CI: -2.61, 0.00; 24 months: B = -1.65, 95% CI: -2.96, -0.34). CONCLUSIONS: Higher feeding problems in infancy (18 and 24 months) were associated with lower quality diets in childhood, even after children started school. These findings highlight the importance of feeding behaviors to long-term diet quality even with observations as early as 18 months. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT03106493 in clinicaltrials.gov (Dates: 07/2008-11/2019, Study Registration Date: 2017-04-10). CI - (c) 2026. Akhgar Ghassabian. Parts of this work were authored by US Federal Government authors and are not under copyright protection in the US; foreign copyright protection may apply. FAU - Jankowski, Emma AU - Jankowski E AD - Epidemiology Branch, Division of Population Health Research, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, 6710B Rockledge Dr, MSC 7004, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA. AD - Division of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA. FAU - Putnick, Diane L AU - Putnick DL AD - Epidemiology Branch, Division of Population Health Research, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, 6710B Rockledge Dr, MSC 7004, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA. FAU - Ghassabian, Akghar AU - Ghassabian A AD - Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, 10016, USA. FAU - Clayton, Priscilla K AU - Clayton PK AD - Epidemiology Branch, Division of Population Health Research, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, 6710B Rockledge Dr, MSC 7004, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA. FAU - Lin, Tzu-Chun AU - Lin TC AD - Glotech, Inc., 1801 Research Boulevard #605, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA. FAU - Yeung, Edwina H AU - Yeung EH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3851-2613 AD - Epidemiology Branch, Division of Population Health Research, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, 6710B Rockledge Dr, MSC 7004, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA. yeungedw@mail.nih.gov. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT03106493 GR - contracts #HHSN275201200005C, #HHSN267200700019C, #HHSN275201400013C, #HHSN275201300026I/27500004, #HHSN275201300023I/27500017/the Intramural Research Program of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH/ GR - HHSN267200700019C/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States GR - HHSN275201300026I/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States GR - HHSN275201400013C/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States GR - HHSN275201200005C/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260518 PL - England TA - Nutr J JT - Nutrition journal JID - 101152213 SB - IM MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - Male MH - *Diet MH - *Diet, Healthy/statistics & numerical data MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - New York/epidemiology MH - Prospective Studies PMC - PMC13573370 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Children OT - Diet quality OT - Feeding problems OT - Healthy eating COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Human subjects approval was obtained from all participating institutions (NYSDOH IRB #07-097; UAlbany #08-179), and informed consent was obtained prior to data collection. Informed consent to participate for minors (participants under the age of 16) was obtained from parents or legal guardians. All procedures performed in this study were in accordance with the ethical standards of the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/19 06:30 MHDA- 2026/09/14 05:35 PMCR- 2026/05/18 CRDT- 2026/05/19 00:16 PHST- 2025/09/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/14 05:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/19 06:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/19 00:16 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12937-026-01311-z [pii] AID - 1311 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12937-026-01311-z [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutr J. 2026 May 18;25(1):99. doi: 10.1186/s12937-026-01311-z. PMID- 42151309 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260813 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 18 TI - Longitudinal associations between adherence to 24-h movement guidelines and physical fitness and body composition in pediatric overweight and obesity. LID - 10.1038/s41598-026-53270-4 [doi] LID - 22375 AB - This study investigated the longitudinal associations between adherence to the 24-h Movement Guidelines (24-HMG), specifically, meeting the recommendations for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) (>/= 60 min/day), recreational screen time ( 0.05). The mean operative time was comparable between groups (TULAA: 54.94 +/- 24.97 min vs. TPLA: 58.65 +/- 25.58 min, p = 0.356). However, the TULAA group demonstrated a significantly shorter average hospital stay (4.83 +/- 1.53 days vs. 5.35 +/- 1.19 days, p = 0.022). Conversely, the time to first postoperative flatus was significantly longer in the TULAA group (25.81 +/- 11.00 h vs. 21.13 +/- 10.01 h, p = 0.006). The overall complication rate showed no significant difference (TULAA: 4.6% vs. TPLA: 6.5%, p > 0.05), with all cases managed conservatively. CONCLUSION: For pediatric acute appendicitis, TULAA is a safe and feasible minimally invasive technique, resulting in a significantly reduced hospital stay compared to TPLA despite a slightly delayed return of bowel function. Both techniques demonstrate comparable operative times and overall complication rates. TULAA represents a valuable surgical option within the pediatric minimally invasive arsenal. CI - (c) 2026 Li. FAU - Li, Yifan AU - Li Y AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Longgang District, Shenzhen City (Longgang Maternity and Child Institute of Shantou University Medical College), Shenzhen, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260501 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Pediatr JT - Frontiers in pediatrics JID - 101615492 PMC - PMC13176303 OTO - NOTNLM OT - acute appendicitis OT - children OT - laparoscopic appendectomy OT - minimally invasive surgery OT - transumbilical laparoscopic-assisted appendectomy COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/18 12:43 MHDA- 2026/05/18 12:44 PMCR- 2026/05/01 CRDT- 2026/05/18 06:49 PHST- 2025/10/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/18 12:44 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/18 12:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/18 06:49 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1724445 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Pediatr. 2026 May 1;14:1724445. doi: 10.3389/fped.2026.1724445. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42146861 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260928 IS - 2309-995X (Electronic) IS - 2076-4243 (Print) IS - 2076-4243 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 2 DP - 2026 TI - Neural Network Technologies for Age Estimation in Children from Orthopantomograms (a Pilot Study). PG - 15-21 LID - 10.17691/stm2026.18.2.02 [doi] AB - The aim of the study was to investigate the potential of using artificial intelligence technologies for age estimation in children from dental radiographs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted, analyzing orthopantomograms of 322 children (173 female, 149 male) aged 4-16 years. Fourteen permanent mandibular teeth were annotated on each radiograph. Neural network training was performed by splitting the data into training and test sets at a ratio of 80:20; 5-fold cross-validation was used. Age estimation was approached as a regression task. The neural network training and validation were conducted in Python using the PyTorch library. The accuracy of age prediction was assessed using the coefficient of determination (R(2)), mean squared error (MSE), and mean absolute error (MAE). RESULTS: The study showed that the developed machine learning model was highly accurate in age estimation in children. The mean absolute error across cross-validation was 0.92 years, which was significantly lower than the error associated with traditional manual methods. FAU - Poletaeva, M P AU - Poletaeva MP AD - MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Forensic Medicine, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8/2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991, Russia. FAU - Vasilevsky, Yu V AU - Vasilevsky YV AD - DSc, Professor, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of the Department of Higher Mathematics, Mechanics, and Mathematical Modeling, Institute of Computer Science and Mathematical Modeling, Biomedical Science and Technology Park; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8/2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991, Russia. FAU - Valetov, D K AU - Valetov DK AD - Assistant, Department of Higher Mathematics, Mechanics, and Mathematical Modeling, Institute of Computer Science and Mathematical Modeling, Biomedical Science and Technology Park; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8/2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991, Russia. FAU - Angelakopoulos, N AU - Angelakopoulos N AD - DDS, MSc, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics; University of Bern, 7 Freiburgstrasse, Bern, 3010, Switzerland. FAU - Zolotenkova, G V AU - Zolotenkova GV AD - MD, DSc, Professor, Department of Forensic Medicine, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8/2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991, Russia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260430 PL - Russia (Federation) TA - Sovrem Tekhnologii Med JT - Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine JID - 101604515 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - *Radiography, Panoramic/methods MH - *Age Determination by Teeth/methods MH - *Neural Networks, Computer MH - Female MH - Child, Preschool MH - Pilot Projects MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - Retrospective Studies PMC - PMC13178086 OTO - NOTNLM OT - artificial neural network OT - deep learning OT - dental age estimation OT - dental status OT - medical imaging OT - orthopantomogram COIS- Study funding and conflict of interest. The study received no funding from any sources, and there are no conflicts of interest associated with this research. EDAT- 2026/05/18 12:43 MHDA- 2026/05/18 12:44 PMCR- 2026/01/01 CRDT- 2026/05/18 06:49 PHST- 2025/05/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/18 12:44 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/18 12:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/18 06:49 [entrez] PHST- 2026/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.17691/stm2026.18.2.02 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Sovrem Tekhnologii Med. 2026;18(2):15-21. doi: 10.17691/stm2026.18.2.02. Epub 2026 Apr 30. PMID- 42146840 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260518 LR - 20260813 IS - 2325-9671 (Print) IS - 2325-9671 (Electronic) IS - 2325-9671 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 5 DP - 2026 May TI - Validation of the ACL Return to Sport after Injury (ACL-RSI) Scale in Pediatric and Adolescent Patients After Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction. PG - 23259671261426987 LID - 10.1177/23259671261426987 [doi] LID - 23259671261426987 AB - BACKGROUND: The Anterior Cruciate Ligament Return to Sport after Injury (ACL-RSI) scale assesses psychological readiness for return to sport (RTS) following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Although developed and validated in accordance with ACLR recovery, psychological responses may apply to those recovering from medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction (MPFLR). PURPOSE: To validate the use of the ACL-RSI scale in pediatric and adolescent patients who underwent MPFLR. STUDY DESIGN: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 3. METHODS: Scores of the 12-item and shortened 6-item ACL-RSI for patients who underwent their first RTS readiness assessment after MPFLR were analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed using Spearman correlation for convergent validity testing against the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC)/Pediatric (Pedi-)IKDC score, Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) score, and peak strength symmetry of knee extension and flexion. Discriminant validity testing was performed comparing ACL-RSI with age (Spearman correlation), body mass index (BMI) (Spearman correlation), and sex (Mann-Whitney U tests). Internal consistency reliability was tested using Cronbach alpha. Floor and ceiling effect testing was performed by calculating the proportion of minimum and maximum scores in the cohort. RESULTS: A total of 32 patients (59% female; mean age, 15.6 +/- 1.7 years) were included. Both 12-item and 6-item ACL-RSI scale versions demonstrated significant correlations of moderate to strong strength with the IKDC/Pedi-IKDC (R = 0.69 and R = 0.67, respectively; P < .001) and with the SANE score (R = 0.56 and R = 0.54, respectively; P = .002). Neither scale version was significantly correlated with peak strength symmetry of knee flexion or extension. Age, BMI, and sex were not significantly correlated with either scale. The 12-item ACL-RSI and 6-item short version demonstrated excellent internal reliability with a Cronbach alpha of .94 and .88, respectively, across individual items. No floor or ceiling effects were found with either scale as the minimum score, 0, was not observed and the maximum score, 100, was only observed twice in both versions (6%). CONCLUSION: The ACL-RSI scale may be valid for use in pediatric and adolescent patients who undergo MPFLR. Both the 12-item and the 6-item versions demonstrated convergent validity, discriminant validity, and internal reliability with no floor or ceiling effects. The 6-item scale version may be preferred, as it is able to quantify these vital psychological data but with minimal questionnaire burden and low redundancy. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. FAU - Matsuzaki, Yukiko AU - Matsuzaki Y AD - Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA. FAU - Jones, Ruth H AU - Jones RH AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-3097-0747 AD - Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA. FAU - Tracey, Olivia C AU - Tracey OC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3563-6696 AD - Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA. FAU - Beber, Samuel A AU - Beber SA AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-8477-9413 AD - Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA. FAU - Adhiyaman, Akshitha AU - Adhiyaman A AD - Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA. AD - Atlantic Health System-Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, New Jersey, USA. FAU - Lijesen, Emilie AU - Lijesen E AD - Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA. AD - University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA. Y.M. and R.H.J. are co-authors of this article. FAU - Propp, Bennett E AU - Propp BE AD - Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA. FAU - Jones, Debi AU - Jones D AD - Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA. FAU - Shubin Stein, Beth AU - Shubin Stein B AD - Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA. FAU - Green, Daniel W AU - Green DW AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7286-6864 AD - Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA. FAU - Fabricant, Peter D AU - Fabricant PD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8070-685X AD - Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260512 PL - United States TA - Orthop J Sports Med JT - Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine JID - 101620522 PMC - PMC13172679 OTO - NOTNLM OT - ACL-RSI OT - MPFL reconstruction OT - pediatric OT - return to sport COIS- One or more of the authors has declared the following potential conflict of interest or source of funding: B.S.S. has received royalties from CONMED Corporation and educational support from Arthrex and is on the medical publishing board of AOSSM. D.W.G. has received hospitality payments from Orthopediatrics and is on the board of the Patellofemoral Foundation and the NY State Society of Orthopaedic Surgeons and is a consultant for Arthrex Inc. D.W.G. also receives royalties from Arthrex Inc. and faculty/speaker fees from Synthes. P.D.F. has received consulting fees from BICMD Inc and OssoVR and publishing royalties from Springer Nature; he serves as associate editor of Clinical Orthopedics and Related Research. AOSSM checks author disclosures against the Open Payments Database (OPD). AOSSM has not conducted an independent investigation on the OPD and disclaims any liability or responsibility relating thereto. EDAT- 2026/05/18 12:43 MHDA- 2026/05/18 12:44 PMCR- 2026/05/12 CRDT- 2026/05/18 06:48 PHST- 2026/01/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/18 12:44 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/18 12:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/18 06:48 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1177_23259671261426987 [pii] AID - 10.1177/23259671261426987 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Orthop J Sports Med. 2026 May 12;14(5):23259671261426987. doi: 10.1177/23259671261426987. eCollection 2026 May. PMID- 42146087 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260518 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-861X (Print) IS - 2296-861X (Electronic) IS - 2296-861X (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2026 TI - Dietary intakes of cysteine, glutamate, proline, and tryptophan are associated with hypertension risk in Chinese children and adolescents: a national cross-sectional study integrating machine learning. PG - 1798822 LID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1798822 [doi] LID - 1798822 AB - OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to examine the relationships between dietary intake of amino acids and the risk of hypertension and to find some important amino acids as the targets of intervention in Chinese children and adolescents. METHODS: The 2016-2019 China Children and Lactating Women Nutrition and Health Surveillance (CCLWNHS) was used to draw data and included 12,187 children and adolescents aged 6-18 years. A validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to determine dietary intake with a weighing procedure. After the process of feature selection based on the Boruta algorithm, multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the relationships between amino acids and hypertension. The predictive performance was assessed through the development of XGBoost, LightGBM, NB and NN models. The SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) approach was used to identify key features. Stratified analyses, interaction tests, and restricted cubic spline analyses were done as well. RESULTS: Cysteine, phenylalanine, histidine, glutamic acid, and proline were positively related to the risk of hypertension in the fully adjusted multivariate model (ORs: 2.000, 1.649, 1.387, 1.052, and 1.105, respectively), and threonine, valine, alanine, and tryptophan were negatively related (ORs: 0.587, 0.704, 0.809, and 0.516). LightGBM was the most successful predictive model (AUC = 0.793). SHAP analysis revealed that the core amino acids that affected the risk of hypertension were cysteine, glutamic acid, tryptophan, and proline. Sensitivity analyses showed that the relationships of these amino acids with hypertension were different in the subgroups based on age, sex, school type, physical activity level, and energy intake, and had a linear dose-response relationship. CONCLUSION: A greater intake of cysteine, glutamic acid and proline through the diet is linked to a higher risk of hypertension among Chinese children and adolescents but tryptophan is protective. Such results give a scientific foundation on the development of specific nutritional intervention programs and optimization of protein consumption to prevent early hypertension in life. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Yu, Wang, Lv, Liu, Liu, Tian, Zhu, Tang and Chen. FAU - Yu, Lianlong AU - Yu L AD - Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China. FAU - Wang, Hongwei AU - Wang H AD - Department of Health Care, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, China. FAU - Lv, Zhimin AU - Lv Z AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, China. FAU - Liu, Changqing AU - Liu C AD - Hebei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang, China. FAU - Liu, Yiya AU - Liu Y AD - Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China. FAU - Tian, Meina AU - Tian M AD - Hebei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang, China. FAU - Zhu, Qianrang AU - Zhu Q AD - Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China. FAU - Tang, Zhenchuang AU - Tang Z AD - Institute of Food and Nutrition Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China. FAU - Chen, Yao AU - Chen Y AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260430 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Nutr JT - Frontiers in nutrition JID - 101642264 PMC - PMC13171856 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - children OT - dietary amino acids OT - hypertension OT - machine learning OT - national survey COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/18 12:43 MHDA- 2026/05/18 12:44 PMCR- 2026/04/30 CRDT- 2026/05/18 06:40 PHST- 2026/01/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/18 12:44 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/18 12:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/18 06:40 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1798822 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Nutr. 2026 Apr 30;13:1798822. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1798822. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42145952 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260813 IS - 2167-8359 (Electronic) IS - 2167-8359 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Comparisons of kinanthropometric variables and physical performance in adolescent soccer players of different biological maturation. PG - e21203 LID - 10.7717/peerj.21203 [doi] LID - e21203 AB - Biological maturation is a crucial factor in the physical development of adolescent soccer players, affecting key performance-related variables essential for talent development. This study investigated differences across maturation stages in kinanthropometric and physical performance parameters in young male soccer players. Forty-three players (13.26 +/- 1.03 years) were classified into pre-, circa-, and post-peak height velocity (PHV) groups, with maturation status assessed using a validated AI-based method (China-05). Participants then completed a series of kinanthropometric assessments, including height, body mass, and body composition measured via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Additionally, they performed physical performance tests, which consisted of the countermovement jump (CMJ), isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP), maximal oxygen uptake (VO(2max)) test, Wingate anaerobic test (WAT), 10-meter and 30-meter sprint times, and the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test (Yo-Yo IR1). Results showed significant differences in fat mass and skeletal muscle mass, particularly between post- and pre-PHV players (p < 0.001), with post-PHV players exhibiting higher skeletal muscle mass. In terms of performance, the post-PHV group recorded significantly lower VO(2max) (p < 0.05) but higher CMJ heights (p < 0.001), while sprint times showed no significant variation across maturity stages (p > 0.05). Fatigue index and peak force also differed notably, with post-PHV players displaying higher fatigue levels and peak force (p < 0.001). Significant differences in IMTP impulse at 100 ms and 300 ms (p < 0.001) indicated greater strength and power with advanced maturation. These findings underscore the influence of biological maturation on kinanthropometric and physical performance metrics, linking advanced maturation with increased strength and power but reduced aerobic capacity in post-PHV players, likely due to greater body mass. The results highlight the need for tailored training programs that consider both chronological and biological age to optimize player development, supporting more effective talent identification and training strategies. CI - (c)2026 Wang et al. FAU - Wang, Rou AU - Wang R AD - Sports Coaching College, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China. FAU - Liu, Meng AU - Liu M AD - Department of Physical Education, University of Jinan, Jinan, China. FAU - Nugent, Frank AU - Nugent F AD - Physical Education & Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland. FAU - Kearney, Philip AU - Kearney P AD - Physical Education & Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland. FAU - Ho, Indy Man Kit AU - Ho IMK AD - Faculty of Management and Hospitality, Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. AD - Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia. FAU - Li, Cong AU - Li C AD - Facilitate Healthy Developments for Children (Hebei) Technology Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China. FAU - Pang, Hai AU - Pang H AD - Facilitate Healthy Developments for Children (Hebei) Technology Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China. FAU - Li, Weiming AU - Li W AD - Sports Coaching College, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China. FAU - Xu, Yaohui AU - Xu Y AD - Sports Coaching College, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China. FAU - Liu, Haochong AU - Liu H AD - Sports Coaching College, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China. AD - Physical Education & Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260513 PL - United States TA - PeerJ JT - PeerJ JID - 101603425 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Soccer/physiology MH - Adolescent MH - *Athletic Performance/physiology MH - Body Composition MH - Oxygen Consumption/physiology MH - Absorptiometry, Photon MH - Muscle, Skeletal/physiology MH - Exercise Test MH - Anthropometry PMC - PMC13179742 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Development OT - Growth OT - Kinanthropometry OT - Performance OT - Puberty OT - Skeletal maturation COIS- Cong Li and Hai Pang are employed by Facilitate Healthy Developments for Children (Hebei) Technology Co., Ltd. The authors declare that no other competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/05/18 12:42 MHDA- 2026/05/18 12:43 PMCR- 2026/05/13 CRDT- 2026/05/18 06:39 PHST- 2025/08/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/18 12:43 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/18 12:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/18 06:39 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 21203 [pii] AID - 10.7717/peerj.21203 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PeerJ. 2026 May 13;14:e21203. doi: 10.7717/peerj.21203. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42145476 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Obesity and its relationship with lifestyle behaviors among Kuwaiti adolescents revisited after 15 years: a study protocol. PG - 1808837 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1808837 [doi] LID - 1808837 AB - BACKGROUND: Lifestyle behaviors such as physical activity, sedentary time, sleep, and dietary habits play a central role in shaping adolescent health. In Kuwait, the Arab Teens Lifestyle Study (ATLS), conducted in 2009/2010, reported that nearly half of adolescents were overweight or obese, with physical inactivity and unhealthy dietary patterns emerging as key correlates. Over the past 15 years, profound societal changes, including accelerated digitalisation and shifts in food environments, may have further altered these patterns, yet updated nationally representative data are lacking. OBJECTIVES: This study will reassess the prevalence of overweight, obesity, and lifestyle behaviors among Kuwaiti adolescents and directly compare findings with the 2009/2010 ATLS using the same methodological framework. For the first time in Kuwait, psychological wellbeing, grip strength, and objectively measured physical activity and sleep will also be assessed. METHODS: A school-based cross-sectional survey designed as a methodological revisit to the 2009/2010 ATLS will be conducted among a representative sample of 14-19-year-old students from public and private secondary schools across Kuwait using a multistage stratified cluster sampling design (target n approximately 1,320-1,350). Data collection will include standardized anthropometric measurements, validated questionnaires covering physical activity, sedentary behaviors, sleep, dietary habits, and psychological wellbeing, grip strength dynamometry, and wrist-worn accelerometery where funding permits. All inferential analyses will be conducted using survey-adjusted procedures accounting for the complex sampling design. EXPECTED OUTCOMES: This study will generate nationally representative, contemporary evidence on adolescent health behaviors in Kuwait, enable direct temporal comparisons with 2009/2010 baseline findings, and support the development of targeted public health strategies aimed at reducing obesity and improving the wellbeing of Kuwaiti adolescents. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Alosaimi, Al-Farhan, Alkazemi and Al-Hazzaa. FAU - Alosaimi, Noura AU - Alosaimi N AD - Food and Nutrition Administration, Ministry of Health, Kuwait City, Kuwait. FAU - Al-Farhan, Abdulaziz Kh AU - Al-Farhan AK AD - Biomedical Science Department, College of Nursing, Public Authority for Applied Education and Training, Kuwait City, Kuwait. FAU - Alkazemi, Dalal U Z AU - Alkazemi DUZ AD - Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Life Sciences, Kuwait University, Sabah Al-Salem University, Kuwait City, Kuwait. FAU - Al-Hazzaa, Hazzaa M AU - Al-Hazzaa HM AD - Lifestyle and Health Research Center, Health Sciences Research Center, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. AD - School of Sport Sciences, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260501 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Kuwait/epidemiology MH - *Life Style MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - *Obesity/epidemiology MH - Prevalence MH - Sedentary Behavior MH - Exercise MH - Sleep MH - *Health Behavior MH - *Adolescent Behavior MH - Surveys and Questionnaires PMC - PMC13176217 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Kuwait OT - accelerometry OT - adolescent OT - dietary habit OT - grip strength OT - obesity OT - physical activity OT - psychological health COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/18 12:43 MHDA- 2026/05/18 12:44 PMCR- 2026/05/01 CRDT- 2026/05/18 06:35 PHST- 2026/02/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/18 12:44 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/18 12:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/18 06:35 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1808837 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2026 May 1;14:1808837. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1808837. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42145283 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260717 IS - 0035-7715 (Print) IS - 0035-7715 (Linking) VI - 76 IP - 4 DP - 2025 Dec 31 TI - Adherence to the Mediterranean diet among adolescents: A comparison of two versions of KIDMED. PG - 343-351 LID - 221408 [pii] LID - 10.32394/rpzh/221408 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Although the Mediterranean diet (MD) is recognized for its protective effect against cardiometabolic risk, adherence to this diet tends to decrease among adolescents. The KIDMED index used to assess adherence to MD in children and adolescents has not undergone a formal revision since its initial publication in 2004. OBJECTIVE: To assess adherence to the MD using both the original (2004) and updated (2019) versions of KIDMED, in the same sample of adolescents. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 129 adolescents. Anthropometric measurements included body weight and height to calculate the body mass index (BMI) and BMI-z-score, and waist circumference (WC) were taken, and physical activity levels were assessed using the short version of the IPAQ questionnaire. Adherence to the MD was assessed using the original version (OV, 2004) and updated versions (UV, 2019) of KIDMED. RESULTS: Adherence to MD was generally moderate, with a mean score of 5.88 +/- 3.22 according to the (OV) and 5.61 +/- 3.05 according to the (UV). The latter led to an increase in the proportion of adolescents with low adherence (30.2% vs. 22.5%) and a decrease in those classified as having good adherence (25.6% vs. 28.7%). Agreement between the two classifications was moderate. Significant differences were observed for several items, including fruit consumption, breakfast quality, frequenting fast-food restaurants, and consumption of sugary products. CONCLUSIONS: The UV of KIDMED in light of current nutritional recommendations, leads to a more demanding assessment of eating behaviors and better identification of at-risk dietary patterns in adolescents, without altering the OV structure. FAU - Haddou, Imane AU - Haddou I AD - Laboratory of Anthropogenetics, Biotechnologies and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University, El Jadida, Morocco. FAU - Daif, Halima AU - Daif H AD - Laboratory of Anthropogenetics, Biotechnologies and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University, El Jadida, Morocco. FAU - Belaoufi, Halima AU - Belaoufi H AD - Laboratory of Anthropogenetics, Biotechnologies and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University, El Jadida, Morocco. FAU - Benaddi, Ghizlane AU - Benaddi G AD - Laboratory of Anthropogenetics, Biotechnologies and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University, El Jadida, Morocco. FAU - Elayachi, Mohammed AU - Elayachi M AD - Laboratory of Anthropogenetics, Biotechnologies and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University, El Jadida, Morocco. FAU - El Hiba, Omar AU - El Hiba O AD - Laboratory of Anthropogenetics, Biotechnologies and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University, El Jadida, Morocco. FAU - Belahsen, Rekia AU - Belahsen R AD - Laboratory of Anthropogenetics, Biotechnologies and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University, El Jadida, Morocco. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260512 PL - Poland TA - Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig JT - Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny JID - 0414756 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Diet, Mediterranean/statistics & numerical data MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Male MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Body Mass Index MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - *Adolescent Behavior/psychology MH - Waist Circumference OTO - NOTNLM OT - KIDMED OT - Mediterranean diet OT - adolecents OT - anthropometry OT - physical activity OT - revision OT - ultra-processed foods EDAT- 2026/05/18 12:43 MHDA- 2026/05/18 12:44 CRDT- 2026/05/18 06:33 PHST- 2026/05/18 12:44 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/18 12:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/18 06:33 [entrez] AID - 221408 [pii] AID - 10.32394/rpzh/221408 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 2025 Dec 31;76(4):343-351. doi: 10.32394/rpzh/221408. Epub 2026 May 12. PMID- 42145280 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260717 IS - 0035-7715 (Print) IS - 0035-7715 (Linking) VI - 76 IP - 4 DP - 2025 Dec 31 TI - Association of sweet taste perception and dietary habits with body mass index among public school children of Belagavi district, South India. PG - 315-322 LID - 220379 [pii] LID - 10.32394/rpzh/220379 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Healthy diet is significant for growth, development, and prevention from dietary related diseases in children and adults. Dietary imbalance can lead to many general and oral diseases and sugar rich diet can affect the teeth at an early age and continues towards adolescence causing several oral problems such as dental caries. Frequent consumption of a certain food causes changes in taste perception and leads to preference for that food. Taste perception may also be affected by several environmental, cultural, and genetic factors and has been found to be linked to oral health and body mass index (BMI). OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the association between sweet taste perception, dietary habits, and body mass index among 13-15-year-old public school children in the Belagavi district. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 1300 school children aged 13-15 years. Data were collected using a self-designed and validated questionnaire to assess dietary habits. Sweet taste perception was evaluated using sweet taste threshold (TT) and sweet taste preference (TP). Based on the sweet taste perception scores, participants were categorized into low, medium, and high groups. Body mass index was calculated using standard criteria. Descriptive statistics, Spearman's correlation test and ANOVA were performed. Statistical significance was considered for p-value 50% of the mothers had primary education or less. The intervention was feasible with 100% reach of the target participants with a geographic spread of 25% urban and 75% rural areas. All intervention components were applied consistently, resulting in 100% adherence over a 6-month period. The intervention was accepted by mothers, perceived to be beneficial, and reported to increase breastfeeding confidence. It was adaptable, adjusting to emerging challenges, and was successfully integrated into existing health services. The pilot demonstrated high feasibility and widespread acceptance of the intervention. Its effectiveness to improve weight gain among recovering infants is being determined in a trial. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Maternal & Child Nutrition published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Unda, Jackson AU - Unda J AD - Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme (KWTRP), Kilifi, Kenya, Kenya. FAU - Munene, Fridah AU - Munene F AD - Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme (KWTRP), Kilifi, Kenya, Kenya. FAU - Kagwanja, Nancy AU - Kagwanja N AD - Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme (KWTRP), Kilifi, Kenya, Kenya. FAU - Jones, Caroline AU - Jones C AD - Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme (KWTRP), Kilifi, Kenya, Kenya. AD - Oxford University - Nuffield Department of Medicine (NDM), Oxford, UK. FAU - Mwangome, Martha AU - Mwangome M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4806-1307 AD - Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme (KWTRP), Kilifi, Kenya, Kenya. AD - Oxford University - Nuffield Department of Medicine (NDM), Oxford, UK. AD - Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)- Centre for Geographic Medicine Research (CGMRC), Kilifi, Kenya. LA - eng GR - 221997/Z/20/Z/WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - England TA - Matern Child Nutr JT - Maternal & child nutrition JID - 101201025 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Breast Feeding MH - Female MH - Infant MH - Pilot Projects MH - Feasibility Studies MH - *Mothers MH - Adult MH - Kenya MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Patient Discharge MH - Weight Gain MH - *Infant Nutrition Disorders/therapy MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Malnutrition/therapy MH - Social Support MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Male PMC - PMC13176648 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Breastfeeding support OT - breastfeeding peer supporters OT - infant nutrition OT - infants under 6 months OT - malnutrition OT - wasting COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/15 06:30 MHDA- 2026/05/15 06:31 PMCR- 2026/05/14 CRDT- 2026/05/15 02:13 PHST- 2026/04/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/12/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/15 06:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/15 06:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/15 02:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - MCN70202 [pii] AID - 10.1111/mcn.70202 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Matern Child Nutr. 2026 Jul;22(3):e70202. doi: 10.1111/mcn.70202. PMID- 42136081 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260813 IS - 1097-0258 (Electronic) IS - 0277-6715 (Print) IS - 0277-6715 (Linking) VI - 45 IP - 10-12 DP - 2026 May TI - Correcting Measurement Error and Zero Inflation in Functional Covariates for Scalar-on-Function Quantile Regression. PG - e70598 LID - 10.1002/sim.70598 [doi] AB - Wearable devices collect time-varying biobehavioral data, offering opportunities to investigate how behaviors influence health outcomes. However, these data often contain measurement error and excess zeros (due to nonwear, sedentary behavior, or connectivity issues), each characterized by subject-specific distributions. Current statistical methods fail to address these issues simultaneously. We introduce a novel modeling framework for zero-inflated and error-prone functional data by incorporating a subject-specific time-varying validity indicator that explicitly distinguishes structural zeros from intrinsic values. We iteratively estimate the latent functional covariates and zero-inflation probabilities via maximum likelihood, using basis expansions and linear mixed models to adjust for measurement error. To assess the effects of the recovered latent covariates, we apply joint quantile regression across multiple quantile levels. Through extensive simulations, we demonstrate that our approach significantly improves estimation accuracy over methods that only address measurement error, and joint estimation yields substantial improvements compared with fitting separate quantile regressions. Applied to a childhood obesity study, our approach effectively corrects for zero inflation and measurement error in step counts, yielding results that closely align with energy expenditure and supporting their use as a proxy for physical activity. CI - (c) 2026 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Qin, Caihong AU - Qin C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9529-0500 AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA. FAU - Xue, Lan AU - Xue L AD - Department of Statistics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA. FAU - Beyaztas, Ufuk AU - Beyaztas U AD - Department of Statistics, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Zoh, Roger S AU - Zoh RS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8066-1153 AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA. FAU - Benden, Mark AU - Benden M AD - Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA. FAU - Goldsmith, Jeff AU - Goldsmith J AD - Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA. FAU - Tekwe, Carmen D AU - Tekwe CD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1857-2416 AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA. LA - eng GR - R01 DK132385/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 DK136994/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - 1R01DK136994-01A1/National Institutes of Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Diseases/ GR - R01DK132385/National Institutes of Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Diseases/ PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Stat Med JT - Statistics in medicine JID - 8215016 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Computer Simulation MH - Likelihood Functions MH - Pediatric Obesity MH - Regression Analysis MH - Exercise MH - *Models, Statistical MH - Wearable Electronic Devices MH - Linear Models MH - Child MH - Energy Metabolism PMC - PMC13215663 MID - NIHMS2177779 OTO - NOTNLM OT - childhood obesity OT - excess zeros OT - functional data OT - physical activity OT - wearable devices COIS- Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/15 06:29 MHDA- 2026/05/15 06:30 PMCR- 2026/05/27 CRDT- 2026/05/15 02:12 PHST- 2025/11/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/06/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/15 06:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/15 06:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/15 02:12 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1002/sim.70598 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Stat Med. 2026 May;45(10-12):e70598. doi: 10.1002/sim.70598. PMID- 42136020 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260921 IS - 1550-2783 (Electronic) IS - 1550-2783 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Dec 31 TI - Dietary intake, nutrition knowledge, and behavior in youth team sport athletes: a scoping review and call to advance research and practice. PG - 2671431 LID - 10.1080/15502783.2026.2671431 [doi] LID - 2671431 AB - BACKGROUND: Youth team sport athletes face unique nutritional challenges due to the combined demands of growth, development and exercise. This scoping review systematically mapped the literature on dietary intake, nutrition knowledge, education interventions and factors influencing dietary behaviors in male and female team sport athletes aged 12-19 years. The review aimed to identify knowledge gaps, highlight methodological limitations and inform recommendations for advancing both research and practice in this population. METHODS: The review followed PRISMA-ScR guidelines and was pre-registered on the Open Science Framework. Eligible studies examined dietary intake, nutrition knowledge, education interventions and factors influencing dietary behavior in youth team sport athletes. Searches were conducted across PubMed, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus and gray literature sources. Study selection and data charting were conducted by the lead reviewer, with independent verification by a second reviewer. Findings were synthesized using descriptive analysis and thematic synthesis across these four domains. RESULTS: Fifty-seven studies involving 4,369 youth team sport athletes were included. Cross-sectional designs predominated (59.6%) and the evidence base was characterized by significant methodological inconsistencies, including wide variation in dietary assessment methods, limited adjustment for misreporting and substantial underrepresentation of female athletes who accounted for 26.9% of the total sample. Energy and carbohydrate intake were frequently reported below recommended levels, most evident during periods of intensive training and competition. However, findings from studies using doubly labeled water suggest that the magnitude of reported deficits may be overestimated due to dietary underreporting and imprecise estimation of energy expenditure. Protein and fat intake generally met recommendations although micronutrient intake often fell short, particularly for vitamins A, D, and E, calcium and iron. Nutrition knowledge was limited, particularly for sport-specific topics and none of the questionnaires used were validated for adolescent populations. Twelve education interventions were identified; education-only approaches rarely produced changes in dietary behavior, whereas interventions incorporating behavior change components tended to report improvements. Only five studies examined factors influencing dietary behavior, finding that parents, coaches and peers acted as both enablers and barriers to dietary adherence, and that environmental constraints compromised dietary quality. CONCLUSIONS: Youth team sport athletes commonly exhibit inadequate reported energy and carbohydrate intake alongside frequent micronutrient shortfalls, although the reliability of these estimates is limited by methodological constraints. Nutrition knowledge is generally poor, particularly in sport-specific areas. Dietary behaviors are shaped by individual, social and environmental influences that extend beyond knowledge alone and education interventions rarely produce sustained dietary change without the integration of behavior change strategies. Future research should prioritize more rigorous and consistent methodological approaches, improved representation of female athletes and the development of youth-specific validated assessment tools. Given the scope and persistence of the methodological inconsistencies identified, the development of an expert-led consensus statement on standards for dietary assessment, nutrition knowledge measurement, intervention design and participant characterization may help advance the quality and comparability of future research in this population. FAU - Irwin, Neil AU - Irwin N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4465-7376 AD - Department of Sport and Health Science, Technological University of the Shannon, Athlone, Ireland. AD - SHE Research Group, Technological University of the Shannon, Athlone, Ireland. FAU - O Cathain, Ciaran AU - O Cathain C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8526-8924 AD - Department of Sport and Health Science, Technological University of the Shannon, Athlone, Ireland. AD - SHE Research Group, Technological University of the Shannon, Athlone, Ireland. AD - Department of Sport Science and Nutrition, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland. FAU - Ward, Cormac AU - Ward C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7343-2179 AD - Department of Sport and Health Science, Technological University of the Shannon, Athlone, Ireland. FAU - Kelly, David AU - Kelly D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6131-4834 AD - Department of Sport and Health Science, Technological University of the Shannon, Athlone, Ireland. AD - SHE Research Group, Technological University of the Shannon, Athlone, Ireland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Scoping Review DEP - 20260514 PL - United States TA - J Int Soc Sports Nutr JT - Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition JID - 101234168 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - *Athletes MH - *Diet MH - Energy Intake MH - Evidence Gaps MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MH - Sports Nutritional Physiological Phenomena MH - *Youth Sports PMC - PMC13182181 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescent OT - dietary intake OT - nutrition knowledge OT - scoping review OT - team sports OT - youth athletes COIS- The authors report there are no competing interests to declare. EDAT- 2026/05/15 06:29 MHDA- 2026/05/15 06:30 PMCR- 2026/05/14 CRDT- 2026/05/15 01:33 PHST- 2026/05/15 06:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/15 06:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/15 01:33 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2671431 [pii] AID - 10.1080/15502783.2026.2671431 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2026 Dec 31;23(1):2671431. doi: 10.1080/15502783.2026.2671431. Epub 2026 May 14. PMID- 42135841 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260709 LR - 20260813 IS - 1479-5868 (Electronic) IS - 1479-5868 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 14 TI - Physical activity and mood in daily life - a multi-burst ambulatory assessment study disentangling state and trait components of within-person associations. LID - 10.1186/s12966-026-01932-x [doi] LID - 70 AB - BACKGROUND: Physical activity (PA) and mood are associated in daily life. Prior studies showed that these associations are moderated by contextual factors (e.g., weather conditions) and differ between individuals. Yet, it remains unclear to what extent associations between PA and mood reflect stable, person-specific characteristics or fluctuate over time. METHODS: We examined the temporal stability of within-person PA-mood associations derived from three one-week ambulatory assessments across three consecutive years in 65 adolescents and young adults. Mood was assessed via e-diaries, and PA was recorded with accelerometers. Multilevel models estimated the effects of preceding PA on mood. Between-person differences and within-person stability were quantified by random-effect variances and correlations across participants and weeks. RESULTS: As hypothesized, PA was positively associated with subsequent energetic arousal (beta = 4.88, p < .001) and valence (beta = 1.27, p = .042) but negatively with calmness (beta = -1.86, p = .003). Intraclass Correlation Coefficients indicate that 64%, 44%, and 80% of variance of the weekly PA-mood associations of individuals are attributable to between-person differences, while 36%, 56%, and 20% of variance are accounted for by within-person fluctuations in associations of PA with energetic arousal, valence, and calmness, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: For the first time, we show that PA-mood associations reflect a combination of both stable 'trait' components (between subjects) and 'state' variability (within subjects). Both have important implications for personalized and context-sensitive intervention approaches, such as just-in-time adaptive interventions. Future research is needed to unravel which situational components and person characteristics shape the variability of associations. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Olfermann, Robin AU - Olfermann R AD - Department of Sport and Exercise Science, Research Group Sport and Exercise Psychology, Paris Lodron University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria. robin.olfermann@kit.edu. AD - Faculty of Sport Science, Junior Research Group eHealth and sports analytics, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany. robin.olfermann@kit.edu. AD - Department of Sports and Sports Science, Mental mHealth Lab, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany. robin.olfermann@kit.edu. FAU - Reinhard, Iris AU - Reinhard I AD - Department of Biostatistics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. FAU - Benedyk, Anastasia AU - Benedyk A AD - Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. FAU - Berhe, Oksana AU - Berhe O AD - Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. FAU - Rehder, Johanna AU - Rehder J AD - Department of Sport and Exercise Science, Research Group Sport and Exercise Psychology, Paris Lodron University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria. AD - Faculty of Sport Science, Junior Research Group eHealth and sports analytics, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany. FAU - Giurgiu, Marco AU - Giurgiu M AD - Institute of Movement Therapy and movement-oriented Prevention and Rehabilitation, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany. FAU - Braun, Urs AU - Braun U AD - Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. FAU - Ebner-Priemer, Ulrich AU - Ebner-Priemer U AD - Department of Sports and Sports Science, Mental mHealth Lab, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany. AD - Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. FAU - Tost, Heike AU - Tost H AD - Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. FAU - Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas AU - Meyer-Lindenberg A AD - Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. FAU - Reichert, Markus AU - Reichert M AD - Department of Sport and Exercise Science, Research Group Sport and Exercise Psychology, Paris Lodron University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria. AD - Faculty of Sport Science, Junior Research Group eHealth and sports analytics, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany. AD - Department of Sports and Sports Science, Mental mHealth Lab, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany. AD - Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260514 PL - England TA - Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act JT - The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity JID - 101217089 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Affect/physiology MH - Female MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - Adolescent MH - Accelerometry MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - Adult PMC - PMC13343692 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Accelerometry OT - Affective well-being OT - Ambulatory assessment OT - Ecological momentary assessment OT - Non-exercise activity OT - States OT - Traits OT - Wearables COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: All participants provided written informed consent for a study protocol approved by the institutional review board of Heidelberg University. The Medical Ethics Committee II of the Medical Faculty Mannheim at the Ruprecht-Karls-University in Heidelberg, Germany, approved the study (approval no. 2014-555 N-MA). Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: A.M.-L. has received consultant fees from the American Association for the Advancement of Science, Atheneum Partners, Blueprint Partnership, Boehringer Ingelheim, Daimler und Benz Stiftung, Elsevier, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, ICARE Schizophrenia, K. G. Jebsen Foundation, L.E.K. Consulting, Lundbeck International Foundation (LINF), R. Adamczak, Roche Pharma, Science Foundation, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma, Synapsis Foundation - Alzheimer Research Switzerland, System Analytics, and has received lecture fees, including travel fees, from Boehringer Ingelheim, Fama Public Relations, Institut d'investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Janssen-Cilag, Klinikum Christophsbad, Goppingen, Lilly Deutschland, Luzerner Psychiatrie, LVR Klinikum Dusseldorf, LWL PsychiatrieVerbund Westfalen-Lippe, Otsuka Pharmaceuticals, Reunions i Ciencia S. L., the Spanish Society of Psychiatry, Sudwestrundfunk Fernsehen, Stern TV and Vitos Klinikum Kurhessen. U.E.-P. receives fees for consulting from Boehringer-Ingelheim and speaker honorarium from Angelini Pharma, which are not related to the submitted work.All other authors have no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/15 06:29 MHDA- 2026/07/09 08:36 PMCR- 2026/05/14 CRDT- 2026/05/15 00:02 PHST- 2025/12/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/09 08:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/15 06:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/15 00:02 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12966-026-01932-x [pii] AID - 1932 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12966-026-01932-x [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2026 May 14;23(1):70. doi: 10.1186/s12966-026-01932-x. PMID- 42135754 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260708 LR - 20260813 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 14 TI - Voices on a multicomponent school-based physical activity intervention: a qualitative study with school leaders, teachers, and students from the MOVESCHOOL study. LID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27718-1 [doi] LID - 2069 AB - BACKGROUND: Adolescent physical inactivity is a global public health priority, and schools are identified as a critical setting for health promotion. While multicomponent "whole-school" interventions are recommended, there is a lack of qualitative evidence regarding their implementation and the experiences of key agents, particularly in secondary education settings. This research explored the perceptions and experiences of school leaders, teachers, and students regarding the MOVESCHOOL study. METHODS: A qualitative study was conducted as part of the MOVESCHOOL study, a 29-week multicomponent intervention that integrated physically active learning, active break, and active recess in secondary education. A total of five school leaders, 20 teachers, and 141 students participated through semi-structured interviews and focus groups. Data were analysed using a hybrid qualitative content analysis, combining deductive and inductive coding. RESULTS: The findings indicated that the intervention, in addition to increasing students' physical activity levels, contributed positively to their social interactions, motivation towards school, attention capacity, and enjoyment during the school day, which in turn influenced their academic performance. Furthermore, four key pillars for the feasibility and sustainability of the intervention were identified: the commitment and engagement to the intervention of school leaders and teachers, sustained student involvement determined by enjoyment, the availability of resources, and the presence of an intervention specialist as a catalytic factor. CONCLUSIONS: The intervention provided both social and academic benefits, alongside increased physical activity, although its long-term feasibility and sustainability will depend on how this approach can be adapted to the contextual and structural conditions of each school, going beyond the intervention design itself. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT06254638. Registered on 12 February 2024. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Bandera-Campos, Francisco J AU - Bandera-Campos FJ AD - GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain. AD - Instituto de Investigacion e Innovacion Biomedica de Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain. FAU - Sanchez-Oliva, David AU - Sanchez-Oliva D AD - GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain. davidsanchez@unex.es. AD - ACAFYDE Research Group, Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Extremadura, Av. de la Universidad, s/n, Caceres, 10071, Spain. davidsanchez@unex.es. AD - University Institute for Research and Innovation in Sport, University of Extremadura, Caceres, Spain. davidsanchez@unex.es. FAU - Gonzalez-Perez, Maria AU - Gonzalez-Perez M AD - GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain. AD - Instituto de Investigacion e Innovacion Biomedica de Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain. FAU - Martin-Acosta, Fatima AU - Martin-Acosta F AD - GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain. AD - Instituto de Investigacion e Innovacion Biomedica de Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain. FAU - Camiletti-Moiron, Daniel AU - Camiletti-Moiron D AD - GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain. AD - Instituto de Investigacion e Innovacion Biomedica de Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain. FAU - Grao-Cruces, Alberto AU - Grao-Cruces A AD - GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain. AD - Instituto de Investigacion e Innovacion Biomedica de Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT06254638 GR - FPU21/03385/Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades/ GR - CNS2022-135604/Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades/ GR - FPU22/01430/Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades/ GR - PID2022-137450OA-I00/Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades/ GR - PU/EPIF-FPI-CT/CP/2023-046/Universidad de Cadiz/ PT - Clinical Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260514 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - Focus Groups MH - *Health Promotion/organization & administration/methods MH - Interviews as Topic MH - *Leadership MH - Qualitative Research MH - *School Health Services/organization & administration MH - *School Teachers/psychology/statistics & numerical data MH - *Schools MH - *Students/psychology/statistics & numerical data PMC - PMC13340252 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Active break OT - Active recess OT - Adolescents OT - Feasibility OT - Physically active learning OT - School-level physical activity intervention OT - Sustainability COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Bioethics Committees of the University of Cadiz (Cadiz, Spain; approval n masculine CEENB006-2023), and the Bioethics and Biosafety Committess of the University of Extremadura (Caceres, Spain; n masculine 174/2023). It was also conducted in accordance with the local legislation and institutional requirements. Written informed consent was obtained from the participants and the minors' legal guardians for their participation in this study. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/15 00:31 MHDA- 2026/07/08 20:01 PMCR- 2026/05/14 CRDT- 2026/05/14 23:58 PHST- 2026/02/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/08 20:01 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/15 00:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/14 23:58 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27718-1 [pii] AID - 27718 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27718-1 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2026 May 14;26(1):2069. doi: 10.1186/s12889-026-27718-1. PMID- 42135646 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260709 LR - 20260813 IS - 1471-2431 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2431 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 14 TI - Behavioral and parental predictors of infant and toddler sleep quality. LID - 10.1186/s12887-026-06713-w [doi] LID - 631 AB - BACKGROUND: Sleep is critical for early development, yet sleep disturbances are prevalent. In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) like Iran, cultural practices can significantly shape sleep behaviors. This study aimed to identify behavioral and parental factors associated with sleep quality among infants and toddlers aged 0-36 months in Iran. METHODS: This cross-sectional study surveyed 358 parents using the validated Persian version of the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire-Revised (BISQ-R). Multiple linear regression was conducted to examine associations between behavioral and parental factors and the BISQ-R Total Sleep Score. RESULTS: The mean Total Sleep Score was 64.2 (SD = 14.3), indicating moderate overall sleep quality. The final regression model explained 28% of the variance in sleep scores (Adjusted R(2) =0.28, p<.001). Pre-sleep screen time, bed-sharing, and increasing child age were significantly negatively associated with sleep quality, whereas higher birth weight and greater parental education were positively associated. CONCLUSION: Modifiable behaviors, particularly screen use before bedtime and bed-sharing, were significantly associated with poorer parent-reported sleep quality in this cultural context. These findings highlight the need for culturally sensitive parental education and anticipatory guidance to support healthy sleep hygiene. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Alavi, Mousa AU - Alavi M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4847-2915 AD - Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Isfahan university of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. FAU - Kalhor, Faramarz AU - Kalhor F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9436-0546 AD - Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Isfahan university of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. faramaraz@nm.mui.ac.ir. AD - Trauma Nursing Research Center, Kashan university of medical sciences, Kashan, Iran. faramaraz@nm.mui.ac.ir. FAU - Khaksar, Sajjad AU - Khaksar S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7374-5877 AD - Critical care Department, Shariati Hospital, Social Security Organization, Isfahan, Iran. FAU - Ghanavatpour, Afarin AU - Ghanavatpour A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3932-0736 AD - Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Isf. C., Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260514 PL - England TA - BMC Pediatr JT - BMC pediatrics JID - 100967804 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Sleep Quality MH - Infant MH - *Parents/psychology MH - Male MH - Female MH - Child, Preschool MH - Iran MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Screen Time MH - *Sleep MH - Linear Models PMC - PMC13344015 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bed-sharing OT - Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ-R) OT - Infant sleep OT - Parent OT - Screen exposure OT - Sleep hygiene OT - Toddler COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Schools of Nursing, Rehabilitation, and Management at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (Approval ID: IR.MUI.NUREMA.REC.1401.031; Scientific Code: 2400282; Approval Date: 2024-05-07). Ethical principles were observed throughout the study in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent was obtained from all participating parents or legal guardians prior to data collection. Participant confidentiality and data anonymity were strictly maintained. Consent for publication: Written informed consent for the publication of anonymized data was obtained from the parents or legal guardians of all participants. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/15 00:31 MHDA- 2026/07/09 08:36 PMCR- 2026/05/14 CRDT- 2026/05/14 23:54 PHST- 2025/08/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/09 08:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/15 00:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/14 23:54 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-06713-w [pii] AID - 6713 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-06713-w [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pediatr. 2026 May 14;26(1):631. doi: 10.1186/s12887-026-06713-w. PMID- 42135615 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260912 LR - 20260914 IS - 1531-4995 (Electronic) IS - 0023-852X (Print) IS - 0023-852X (Linking) VI - 136 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Identifying High-Risk Children Safe for Same-Day Discharge After Tonsillectomy. PG - 4497-4504 LID - 10.1002/lary.70629 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Current guidelines recommend overnight admission for children with severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and obesity undergoing tonsillectomy, although most have uneventful postoperative courses. We aimed to identify low-risk subgroups within this high-risk population who may be candidates for same-day discharge. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study of children aged 2-18 years with obesity (>/= 95th BMI percentile) and severe OSA (AHI >/= 10 events/h and/or SpO(2) nadir < 80%) undergoing tonsillectomy at a tertiary children's hospital (2021-2024). The primary outcome was a severe perioperative event: ICU admission, prolonged hospitalization (> 48 h), or need for advanced respiratory support. Bayesian logistic regression using informative priors identified predictors. Model-based risk stratification and simplified clinical rules were evaluated using sensitivity, specificity, and negative predictive value. RESULTS: Among 304 children, 36 (11.8%) experienced a severe event. SpO(2) nadir was the strongest predictor (beta = -0.668, 95% CrI [-1.164, -0.172], directional probability 99.6%), followed by Class III obesity (97.0%) and AHI (95.0%). Model-derived stratification identified 33% of patients with < 5% predicted probability of severe events. A clinical rule combining AHI < 25 events/h and SpO(2) nadir > 85% showed sensitivity 85.7% and negative predictive value 99.5%, corresponding to an observed event rate < 5%. CONCLUSION: Most obese children with severe OSA do not experience severe perioperative events. Simple polysomnographic criteria can identify very low-risk patients who may be candidates for same-day discharge planning. These findings support a more individualized approach to postoperative admission; prospective validation is needed before implementation. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). The Laryngoscope published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The American Laryngological, Rhinological and Otological Society, Inc. FAU - Ho, Amy AU - Ho A AD - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA. FAU - Kou, Yann-Fuu AU - Kou YF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6801-7544 AD - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA. AD - Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Health Dallas, Dallas, Texas, USA. FAU - Liu, Christopher AU - Liu C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7871-4060 AD - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA. AD - Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Health Dallas, Dallas, Texas, USA. FAU - Wang, Cynthia S AU - Wang CS AD - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA. AD - Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Health Dallas, Dallas, Texas, USA. FAU - Lenes-Voit, Felicity AU - Lenes-Voit F AD - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA. AD - Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Health Dallas, Dallas, Texas, USA. FAU - Chorney, Stephen R AU - Chorney SR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1419-6019 AD - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA. AD - Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Health Dallas, Dallas, Texas, USA. FAU - Lee, Kenneth AU - Lee K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6148-1133 AD - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA. AD - Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Health Dallas, Dallas, Texas, USA. FAU - Ulualp, Seckin AU - Ulualp S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0503-7051 AD - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA. AD - Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Health Dallas, Dallas, Texas, USA. FAU - Mitchell, Ron B AU - Mitchell RB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7890-0541 AD - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA. AD - Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Health Dallas, Dallas, Texas, USA. FAU - Johnson, Romaine F AU - Johnson RF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2322-5347 AD - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA. AD - Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Health Dallas, Dallas, Texas, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260514 PL - United States TA - Laryngoscope JT - The Laryngoscope JID - 8607378 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Tonsillectomy/adverse effects MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Child MH - Female MH - *Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/surgery/complications MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Patient Discharge/statistics & numerical data MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - *Postoperative Complications/epidemiology/etiology MH - Risk Assessment/methods MH - Polysomnography MH - *Pediatric Obesity/complications PMC - PMC13569659 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bayesian analysis OT - T&A outcomes OT - obstructive sleep apnea OT - pediatric obesity OT - polysomnography OT - postoperative complications OT - risk assessment COIS- Presented as a poster at the Triological Society Combined Sections Meeting, Orlando, Florida, January 20-23, 2025. Stephen R. Chorney is an education consultant for Smith and Nephew. Kenneth Lee is the Chief Medical Officer of Qualio Oto. The other authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/15 00:31 MHDA- 2026/09/13 00:50 PMCR- 2026/09/12 CRDT- 2026/05/14 23:43 PHST- 2026/04/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/13 00:50 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/15 00:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/14 23:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - LARY70629 [pii] AID - 10.1002/lary.70629 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Laryngoscope. 2026 Oct;136(10):4497-4504. doi: 10.1002/lary.70629. Epub 2026 May 14. PMID- 42135499 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260813 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 14 TI - Temporal dynamics and associated factors of sleep quality in Chinese boarding high school students: a repeated cross-sectional study across four waves (2019-2024). LID - 10.1038/s41598-026-52807-x [doi] LID - 22127 AB - This study investigated temporal changes in sleep quality among Chinese boarding high school students across four phases (2019:pre-pandemic baseline, 2020:outbreak containment, 2021:dynamic mitigation, and 2024:post-pandemic adaptation), aiming to identify optimal PSQI cutoffs and key predictors using machine learning. A total of 4,592 Grade 11 students from Hebei Province were surveyed using a four-wave repeated cross-sectional design. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Generalized additive models and XGBoost were used to evaluate trends and predictors. SHAP analysis quantified feature contributions. PSQI scores peaked in 2019 (M = 5.64) and improved significantly in 2020 (Delta = - 0.31, P = 0.012), with continued improvement through 2024. Machine learning identified PSQI = 5 as the optimal threshold (AUC = 0.755; accuracy = 0.699). BMI-age interaction was the most influential predictor, followed by height, age, and sex. Findings support updates to adolescent sleep guidelines and demonstrate the utility of machine learning for risk stratification in future public health contexts. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Zhang, Yanchao AU - Zhang Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6845-9158 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China. FAU - Han, Kecheng AU - Han K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7467-4735 AD - Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Harbin Fifth Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China. FAU - Zhang, Yanjun AU - Zhang Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2044-5720 AD - Biology Teaching-Research Group, Fengnan District No. 1 Middle School, Tangshan, Hebei, China. FAU - Xu, Xiangping AU - Xu X AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1719-0619 AD - Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China. xuxiangping2019@126.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260514 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 RN - Chinese people SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Sleep Quality MH - China/epidemiology MH - *Students/statistics & numerical data MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Male MH - Schools MH - *Sleep/physiology MH - Boosting Machine Learning Algorithms MH - Machine Learning MH - East Asian People PMC - PMC13369982 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent health OT - Machine learning OT - Pandemic impact OT - Precision public health OT - Sleep quality COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Harbin Fifth Hospital (Approval No. HFH-2019-005). All procedures followed the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. For participants under 18 years old, written assent and parental/guardian consent were obtained. Consent for publication: All participants consented to the publication of anonymized research data. Identifying information has been removed from the manuscript. EDAT- 2026/05/15 00:31 MHDA- 2026/07/15 18:41 PMCR- 2026/05/14 CRDT- 2026/05/14 23:20 PHST- 2025/09/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/15 18:41 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/15 00:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/14 23:20 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-52807-x [pii] AID - 52807 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-52807-x [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2026 May 14;16(1):22127. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-52807-x. PMID- 42134984 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261009 LR - 20261011 IS - 1399-3003 (Electronic) IS - 0903-1936 (Print) IS - 0903-1936 (Linking) VI - 68 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Nasal nitric oxide combined with clinical features for preliminary screening of primary ciliary dyskinesia in bronchiectasis. LID - 10.1183/13993003.02796-2025 [doi] LID - 2502796 AB - RATIONALE: Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), an underdiagnosed genetic disorder characterised by dysfunctional cilia, is a known cause of bronchiectasis. OBJECTIVES: To prospectively identify PCD among patients with bronchiectasis using nasal nitric oxide (nNO) and clinical features, and to characterise genetic features. METHODS: This cross-sectional study enrolled adolescent and adult patients with bronchiectasis from the BE-China registry at Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital. Individuals with either strong clinical suspicion or nNO /= 4 h (OR = 4.21), near work >/= 4 h (OR = 3.53), BMI >/= 24 (OR = 3.20), and sleep duration < 6 h (OR = 2.26) as independent risk factors (all p < 0.05). The risk prediction nomogram demonstrated acceptable discriminative ability (AUC: 0.74 in the training set and 0.70 in the validation set). CONCLUSION: Dry eye disease is common and under-recognized among myopic children in northern China, with risk closely linked to modifiable behavioral and lifestyle factors and Ortho-K lens use. The developed nomogram can facilitate early identification and targeted interventions for high-risk children. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Li, Wen, Qin, Gao, Liu and Zhang. FAU - Li, Bingqing AU - Li B AD - Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, China. AD - Department of Refraction, Shijiazhuang Aier Eye Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China. FAU - Wen, Jie AU - Wen J AD - Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, China. FAU - Qin, Jie AU - Qin J AD - Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, China. FAU - Gao, Ran AU - Gao R AD - Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, China. FAU - Liu, Hanruo AU - Liu H AD - Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, China. FAU - Zhang, Fengju AU - Zhang F AD - Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, China. AD - Department of Refraction, Beijing Aier-Intech Eye Hospital, Beijing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260428 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Med (Lausanne) JT - Frontiers in medicine JID - 101648047 PMC - PMC13162332 OTO - NOTNLM OT - blink OT - body mass index OT - child OT - dry eye disease OT - myopia OT - orthokeratologic procedures OT - predictive value of tests OT - risk factors COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/14 14:21 MHDA- 2026/05/14 14:22 PMCR- 2026/04/28 CRDT- 2026/05/14 04:55 PHST- 2025/12/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/14 14:22 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/14 14:21 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/14 04:55 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fmed.2026.1768592 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Med (Lausanne). 2026 Apr 28;13:1768592. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2026.1768592. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42131230 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260514 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-861X (Print) IS - 2296-861X (Electronic) IS - 2296-861X (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2026 TI - Food insecurity as an underexplored pathway linking ethnic enclave contexts and anxiety among Dominicans in the United States. PG - 1778246 LID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1778246 [doi] LID - 1778246 AB - INTRODUCTION: Migration shapes access to food environments and practices, with implications for both nutritional and mental health. Although neighborhood ethnic concentration has been linked to mental health among Latino populations, the findings remain inconsistent, and the mechanisms are not well understood. Food insecurity, a common experience among immigrant households, may represent a key psychosocial pathway linking the neighborhood context to anxiety. Caribbean Latino populations, including Dominicans, remain underrepresented in this literature. This study examined whether Dominican ethnic concentration is associated with anxiety symptoms and whether household food insecurity mediates this relationship. METHODS: We analyzed data from a representative multi-state sample of Dominican adults in the United States (n = 662), 53% of whom were immigrants. Dominican ethnic concentration was operationalized using location quotients at the ZIP Code Tabulation Area level to capture enclave-like contexts in the data. Household food insecurity was assessed using a validated measure (low/very low; mild/high), and anxiety symptoms were measured using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-4 scale (0 = not at all to 4 = nearly every day). Survey-weighted generalized structural equation models were used to test mediation, adjusting for age, sex, income, nativity, state of residence, and presence of children in the household. RESULTS: Nearly 30% of the respondents experienced low household food security. Higher Dominican ethnic concentration was associated with lower anxiety symptoms overall, with mean GAD-4 scores being highest in low-concentration areas and lower in higher-concentration and ethnic enclaves. In survey-weighted generalized structural equation models, low household food security was strongly associated with higher anxiety symptoms (beta = 0.586, P < 0.001). Mediation analysis indicated that household food security partially mediated the association between Dominican concentration and anxiety (p = 0.034). DISCUSSION: Greater Dominican concentration may protect against anxiety by reducing household food insecurity, highlighting food insecurity as a key pathway linking ethnic concentration to mental health. These findings underscore the importance of culturally sustaining food environments for the wellbeing of immigrants and subsequent generations born in the US. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Florez, Bi, D'Agostino, Agarwal, Albrecht, Marrara, Abraido-Lanza and Hernandez. FAU - Florez, Karen R AU - Florez KR AD - Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy (CUNY SPH), Center for Systems Science and Community Design, City University of New York, New York, NY, United States. FAU - Bi, Yuntian AU - Bi Y AD - Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States. FAU - D'Agostino, Emily M AU - D'Agostino EM AD - Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States. AD - Duke Center for Childhood Obesity Research, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States. AD - Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Occupational Therapy Division, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States. AD - Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States. AD - Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States. FAU - Agarwal, Khushboo R AU - Agarwal KR AD - Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy (CUNY SPH), Epidemiology and Biostatistics, City University of New York, New York, NY, United States. FAU - Albrecht, Sandra S AU - Albrecht SS AD - Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, United States. FAU - Marrara, Sarah AU - Marrara S AD - School of Social Work, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States. FAU - Abraido-Lanza, Ana F AU - Abraido-Lanza AF AD - School of Social Work, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States. FAU - Hernandez, Ramona AU - Hernandez R AD - City College of New York, CUNY Dominican Studies Institute, New York, NY, United States. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260428 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Nutr JT - Frontiers in nutrition JID - 101642264 PMC - PMC13160777 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Dominican immigrants OT - anxiety OT - food insecurity OT - neighborhoods OT - residential segregation COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/14 14:21 MHDA- 2026/05/14 14:22 PMCR- 2026/04/28 CRDT- 2026/05/14 04:51 PHST- 2025/12/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/14 14:22 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/14 14:21 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/14 04:51 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1778246 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Nutr. 2026 Apr 28;13:1778246. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1778246. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42130456 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260707 LR - 20260723 IS - 2191-0251 (Electronic) IS - 0334-018X (Linking) VI - 39 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul 24 TI - Parent-perceived stressors and stress-dosing practices during suspected adrenal crisis in children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia: a cross-sectional, parent-reported study. PG - 670-680 LID - 10.1515/jpem-2025-0604 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: Adrenal crisis (AC) is a life-threatening complication in children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). While physiological stressors are well-recognized precipitants, the contribution of psycho-emotional stressors remains poorly understood. This study evaluated the prevalence of parent-reported adrenal crises associated with psycho-emotional stressors in children with CAH and examined associations with child age, sex, and CAH phenotype. METHODS: This cross-sectional observational study enrolled parents of children under 18 years of age with CAH living in the United States (IRB H25-0397; n=131). Parent-perceived psycho-emotional adrenal crisis (PEAC) prevalence was assessed, and associations with child age, sex, and phenotype were evaluated. Parents also reported perceived triggers, symptoms, and management strategies for suspected PEAC events. RESULTS: A total of 115 parents representing 118 children with clinically diagnosed CAH participated. Children were predominantly female (58.5 %), had a median age of 6 years, and most had salt-wasting CAH (76.1 %). Lifetime parent-reported AC prevalence was 85.5 %, with 47.0 % reporting at least one AC in the prior year. Suspected PEAC events were reported in 24.3 % of children, and 11.3 % experienced a suspected event within the previous 12 months. Overall AC rates did not differ by sex; however, recent suspected PEAC events were more frequently reported in female children. Half of parents reported proactively increasing glucocorticoid doses during psycho-emotional stress, a practice strongly associated with prior PEAC history. Most suspected PEAC episodes were managed at home, though approximately one-third required emergency medical care. CONCLUSIONS: Psycho-emotional stressors may contribute to suspected adrenal crises in children with CAH, particularly among female or older children. Further research involving both parents and clinicians is needed to validate these findings and to optimize guidance for PEAC recognition and management. CI - (c) 2026 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston. FAU - Cubberley, Sarah K AU - Cubberley SK AD - Department of Clinical Research, School of Nursing, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, USA. FAU - Minns, Laurie A AU - Minns LA AD - Department of Clinical Research, School of Nursing, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260515 PL - Germany TA - J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab JT - Journal of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism : JPEM JID - 9508900 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital/psychology/drug therapy/complications MH - Male MH - Child MH - *Parents/psychology MH - *Stress, Psychological/psychology MH - Child, Preschool MH - Adolescent MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Subjective Stress MH - Prognosis MH - Infant MH - Prevalence MH - *Adrenal Insufficiency/etiology/psychology/drug therapy OTO - NOTNLM OT - adrenal crisis OT - congenital adrenal hyperplasia OT - glucocorticoids OT - psychological OT - stress EDAT- 2026/05/14 06:51 MHDA- 2026/07/08 01:10 CRDT- 2026/05/14 04:23 PHST- 2025/10/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/08 01:10 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/14 06:51 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/14 04:23 [entrez] AID - jpem-2025-0604 [pii] AID - 10.1515/jpem-2025-0604 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2026 May 15;39(7):670-680. doi: 10.1515/jpem-2025-0604. Print 2026 Jul 24. PMID- 42129371 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260513 IS - 1530-0447 (Electronic) IS - 0031-3998 (Linking) DP - 2026 May 7 TI - Shared decision-making for preventive sports cardiology in youth with heart disease: a pilot study. LID - 10.1038/s41390-026-05012-5 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Many youth with heart disease remain inactive despite the recognized benefits of physical activity. Shared decision-making (SDM) between patients, families, and care teams has been proposed to support exercise guidance, but implementation models are scarce. This pilot study evaluated the feasibility, acceptability, and safety of the Young Heart and Sport Clinic, an SDM-based preventive sports cardiology consultation. METHODS: A prospective, single-center study enrolled participants (6-25 years) with heart disease. The consultation comprised: well-being assessment (patient-reported outcomes); sports cardiology evaluation (cardiopulmonary exercise test, electrocardiogram, echocardiography, spirometry, muscle strength testing, accelerometry); and multidisciplinary consultation (pediatric sports cardiologist, specialist nurse, adapted physical activity educator). The team reviewed findings and used a semi-structured interview to identify barriers, motivators, and goals for tailored exercise prescriptions. Post-consultation orientation included cardiac rehabilitation, community-based activity, or referral to other specialists. RESULTS: Of 35 referred patients, 34 completed the program. Families and cardiologists endorsed its relevance and feasibility. No exercise-related adverse events were reported. At 6-month, 82% adhered to recommendations; 53% engaged in community-based activity, 44% in cardiac rehabilitation. CONCLUSIONS: This pilot study supports the feasibility, safety, and acceptability of an SDM-based model integrating exercise guidance. This approach may help bridge gaps between adult guidelines and pediatric practice. IMPACT: A multidisciplinary, shared decision-making-based sports cardiology consultation is feasible, acceptable, and safe for youth with heart disease. This study introduces a pragmatic framework that adapts adult preventive cardiology guidelines to pediatric practice, addressing a major gap in structured exercise counseling and rehabilitation pathways for this population. Implementation of this model may improve physical activity adherence, long-term cardiovascular prevention, and quality of life in children and young adults living with heart disease. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Petrault, Manon AU - Petrault M AD - Department of Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology, National M3C Reference Center for Complex Congenital Heart Disease, Bordeaux University Hospital, Pessac, France. FAU - Andrianoely, Mathieu AU - Andrianoely M AD - INSERM U1045, IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modelling Institute, University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France. AD - Just Coaching, Paris, France. FAU - Audie, Marion AU - Audie M AD - Department of Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology, National M3C Reference Center for Complex Congenital Heart Disease, Bordeaux University Hospital, Pessac, France. AD - Le Hillot Cardiac Rehabilitation Center, Pessac, France. FAU - Werner, Oscar AU - Werner O AD - INSERM U1045, IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modelling Institute, University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France. AD - Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, FHU PRECICARE, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France. FAU - Lagorce, Stephanie AU - Lagorce S AD - Department of Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology, National M3C Reference Center for Complex Congenital Heart Disease, Bordeaux University Hospital, Pessac, France. FAU - Froger, Stephanie AU - Froger S AD - Siel Bleu Organization, Bordeaux, France. FAU - Chabaneix, Julie AU - Chabaneix J AD - Department of Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology, National M3C Reference Center for Complex Congenital Heart Disease, Bordeaux University Hospital, Pessac, France. AD - ATENA Registry, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France. FAU - Hasselot, Julien AU - Hasselot J AD - Patient Advocacy Organization "Les Liens Du Coeur", Pessac, France. FAU - Jouenne, Yannick AU - Jouenne Y AD - Patient Advocacy Organization "Les Liens Du Coeur", Pessac, France. FAU - Jore, Cecile AU - Jore C AD - Department of Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology, National M3C Reference Center for Complex Congenital Heart Disease, Bordeaux University Hospital, Pessac, France. FAU - Viton Le Mao, Lisa AU - Viton Le Mao L AD - Department of Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology, National M3C Reference Center for Complex Congenital Heart Disease, Bordeaux University Hospital, Pessac, France. FAU - Apheceixborde, Marc AU - Apheceixborde M AD - Department of Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology, National M3C Reference Center for Complex Congenital Heart Disease, Bordeaux University Hospital, Pessac, France. FAU - Iriart, Xavier AU - Iriart X AD - Department of Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology, National M3C Reference Center for Complex Congenital Heart Disease, Bordeaux University Hospital, Pessac, France. FAU - Mouton, Jean-Baptiste AU - Mouton JB AD - Department of Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology, National M3C Reference Center for Complex Congenital Heart Disease, Bordeaux University Hospital, Pessac, France. FAU - Gotchac, Julien AU - Gotchac J AD - Department of Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology, National M3C Reference Center for Complex Congenital Heart Disease, Bordeaux University Hospital, Pessac, France. AD - INSERM U1045, IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modelling Institute, University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France. FAU - Ferrer-Sargues, Francisco-Jose AU - Ferrer-Sargues FJ AD - Regeneration and Heart Transplant Research Group (RETRACAR), Health Research Institute La Fe (IISLAFE), Valencia, Spain. AD - Department of Physiotherapy, Universidad Cardenal Herrera CEU, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain. FAU - Thambo, Jean-Benoit AU - Thambo JB AD - Department of Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology, National M3C Reference Center for Complex Congenital Heart Disease, Bordeaux University Hospital, Pessac, France. AD - INSERM U1045, IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modelling Institute, University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France. FAU - Amedro, Pascal AU - Amedro P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3649-0294 AD - Department of Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology, National M3C Reference Center for Complex Congenital Heart Disease, Bordeaux University Hospital, Pessac, France. pascal.amedro@gmail.com. AD - INSERM U1045, IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modelling Institute, University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France. pascal.amedro@gmail.com. AD - Heart & Lung Center, Heart Research Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA. pascal.amedro@gmail.com. AD - Department of Pediatrics, The George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA. pascal.amedro@gmail.com. CN - QUALIREHAB study group LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260507 PL - United States TA - Pediatr Res JT - Pediatric research JID - 0100714 SB - IM COIS- Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Consent for publication: Informed consent was obtained from all participants and/or their legal guardians. FIR - Guillaumont, Sophie IR - Guillaumont S FIR - Oubari, Omar IR - Oubari O FIR - Bourreau, Jerome IR - Bourreau J FIR - Calderon, Johanna IR - Calderon J FIR - Moniotte, Stephane IR - Moniotte S FIR - Hubrechts, Jelena IR - Hubrechts J FIR - Peiro-Molina, Esteban IR - Peiro-Molina E FIR - Rezola, Erika IR - Rezola E FIR - Manso, Begona IR - Manso B FIR - Onoro, Gonzalo IR - Onoro G FIR - Bordessoule, Alice IR - Bordessoule A FIR - Gavotto, Arthur IR - Gavotto A FIR - Matecki, Stephan IR - Matecki S FIR - Neyraud, Caroline IR - Neyraud C FIR - Huby, Anne-Cecile IR - Huby AC FIR - Tortigue, Marine IR - Tortigue M FIR - Venna, Alyssia IR - Venna A FIR - Desir, Arielle IR - Desir A FIR - Hershenson, Jared IR - Hershenson J FIR - Burton, Justin IR - Burton J EDAT- 2026/05/14 00:31 MHDA- 2026/05/14 00:31 CRDT- 2026/05/13 23:38 PHST- 2025/10/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/02/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/14 00:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/14 00:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/13 23:38 [entrez] AID - 10.1038/s41390-026-05012-5 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41390-026-05012-5 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Pediatr Res. 2026 May 7. doi: 10.1038/s41390-026-05012-5. PMID- 42128497 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260813 IS - 2044-6055 (Electronic) IS - 2044-6055 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 5 DP - 2026 May 13 TI - HealthyPregnancy: development and feasibility of a digital care guide to promote recommended gestational weight gain in pregnant women living with overweight in Denmark. PG - e112204 LID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2025-112204 [doi] LID - e112204 AB - OBJECTIVES: Excessive gestational weight gain increases the risk of complications in pregnancy, childbirth and later in life among pregnant women living with overweight and their offspring. Therefore, this study aimed to develop and examine the feasibility of a digital intervention supporting recommended gestational weight gain and the recommended level of physical activity, targeting pregnant women with a body mass index (BMI) of 27 or above. DESIGN: Intervention development was guided by the Medical Research Council guideline on the development and evaluation of complex interventions, and subsequent feasibility testing was conducted in a non-randomised design. SETTING: The obstetric department at Copenhagen University Hospital-North Zealand, Denmark. PARTICIPANTS: 98 pregnant women living with overweight participated in feasibility testing. INTERVENTIONS: The intervention developed in this study was a mobile phone application with a digital care guide containing text and video information supporting recommended gestational weight gain and physical activity levels. The video material featured multiple healthcare professionals and a pregnant woman from the target group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The main feasibility measures were participant recruitment and engagement with the digital care guide throughout pregnancy. RESULTS: Recruitment rates were satisfactory, with 69% of eligible pregnant women consenting to participation. The participants used the application and engaged with the digital care guide; however, use of the care guide diminished as pregnancy progressed. CONCLUSIONS: We developed a digital care guide supporting recommended gestational weight gain and physical activity levels for pregnant women with a BMI of 27 or higher. Feasibility testing indicated that there is sufficient interest in participating in a study promoting recommended weight gain and physical activity to warrant a larger effectiveness trial. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ Group. FAU - Hansen, Mette Kabell AU - Hansen MK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5393-1552 AD - Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg University Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark mette.kabell.hansen@regionh.dk. FAU - Bendix, Jane Marie AU - Bendix JM AD - Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod, Denmark. FAU - Lokkegaard, Ellen Christine Leth AU - Lokkegaard ECL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4149-5663 AD - Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod, Denmark. AD - Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark. FAU - Schiotz, Michaela Louise AU - Schiotz ML AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2575-6686 AD - Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg University Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark. AD - Department of Public Health, Research Unit of General Practice, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Region Syddanmark, Denmark. FAU - Broberg, Lotte AU - Broberg L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1778-7941 AD - Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg University Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark. AD - Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark. AD - Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse, Denmark. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260513 PL - England TA - BMJ Open JT - BMJ open JID - 101552874 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *Gestational Weight Gain MH - Denmark MH - Adult MH - Feasibility Studies MH - *Overweight/therapy MH - Exercise MH - Body Mass Index MH - *Pregnancy Complications/prevention & control MH - *Mobile Applications MH - *Prenatal Care/methods MH - Digital Health MH - Young Adult MH - *Health Promotion/methods PMC - PMC13182374 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Exercise OT - Feasibility Studies OT - Health OT - Mobile Applications OT - Overweight OT - Pregnancy COIS- Competing interests: All authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/14 00:31 MHDA- 2026/05/14 00:32 PMCR- 2026/05/13 CRDT- 2026/05/13 20:52 PHST- 2026/05/14 00:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/14 00:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/13 20:52 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjopen-2025-112204 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2025-112204 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Open. 2026 May 13;16(5):e112204. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2025-112204. PMID- 42127649 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260716 IS - 1872-7727 (Electronic) IS - 0720-048X (Linking) VI - 201 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Impact of pediatric chronic kidney disease on brain integrity: A combined volumetric and MR spectroscopy analysis. PG - 112929 LID - S0720-048X(26)00277-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ejrad.2026.112929 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: Investigation of structural brain volume alterations and metabolic changes in stages 3-5 pCKD using volumetric MRI with MR spectroscopy. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 63 children with pCKD (stages 3-5; age range: 2-12 years), including 29 on dialysis and 34 not on dialysis, were compared to 63 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (age range: 3-11 years). All participants underwent brain MRI with automated volumetric segmentation (volBrain) and single-voxel spectroscopy to quantify N-acetylaspartate/creatine (NAA/Cr) and choline/creatine (Cho/Cr) ratios in the basal ganglia and pons. Group comparisons and correlation analyses between brain volumes and metabolite ratios were performed using independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Pearson/Spearman correlation, and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with grey matter volume as a covariate. RESULTS: Patients with pCKD (stage 3-5) demonstrated significant, widespread reductions in brain volume, affecting total brain, grey matter, cerebrum, cerebellum, and subcortical structures compared to controls (p < 0.05), with the most pronounced changes in the dialysis subgroup. Metabolically, pCKD patients showed significantly decreased NAA/Cr in the basal ganglia and increased Cho/Cr in both the basal ganglia and pons (p < 0.01), alterations that were most severe in dialysis patients. Crucially, pontine metabolite ratios correlated strongly with brain volumes: NAA/Cr showed a significant negative correlation (p = 0.01), while Cho/Cr showed a significant positive correlation(p = 0.014). Metabolic basal ganglia changes remained statistically significant after covariation for grey matter volume (p 0.6). The Delphi criteria had slightly higher sensitivity (0.840 vs 0.789) but lower specificity (0.743 vs 0.877) compared with the ISUOG criteria for predicting the demise of the smaller twin. Similar results were obtained for the prediction of larger twin demise and double fetal demise. CONCLUSIONS: While the detection rate of sFGR was higher using the Delphi criteria compared with the ISUOG criteria, the additional cases identified solely using the Delphi definition had significantly lower perinatal morbidity and mortality compared with those meeting the ISUOG definition for sFGR. Nonetheless, each constituent criterion within the Delphi definition was independently associated with adverse outcome in sFGR twin pregnancy. Further research is needed to elucidate the most appropriate tools for diagnosing and classifying MCDA twin pregnancies complicated by sFGR. (c) 2026 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. CI - (c) 2026 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. FAU - Sorrenti, S AU - Sorrenti S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8648-8016 AD - Fetal Medicine Unit, Liverpool Women's Hospital, Liverpool, UK. AD - Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Yaghi, O AU - Yaghi O AD - Vascular Biology Research Centre, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK. AD - Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, University of London, London, UK. FAU - Prasad, S AU - Prasad S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2329-4470 AD - Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, University of London, London, UK. FAU - Mohammed, D AU - Mohammed D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1724-811X AD - Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, University of London, London, UK. FAU - Fathima, F AU - Fathima F AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-6276-1475 AD - Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, University of London, London, UK. FAU - Boorman, H AU - Boorman H AD - Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, University of London, London, UK. FAU - Selvakumar, J AU - Selvakumar J AD - Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, University of London, London, UK. FAU - Khalil, A AU - Khalil A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2802-7670 AD - Fetal Medicine Unit, Liverpool Women's Hospital, Liverpool, UK. AD - Vascular Biology Research Centre, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK. AD - Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, University of London, London, UK. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260513 PL - England TA - Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol JT - Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology JID - 9108340 SB - IM MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Cohort Studies MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *Fetal Growth Retardation/diagnosis/diagnostic imaging/mortality MH - Twins, Monozygotic MH - Pregnancy Outcome MH - Adult MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Gestational Age MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - *Pregnancy, Twin/statistics & numerical data MH - *Ultrasonography, Prenatal/methods OTO - NOTNLM OT - Delphi OT - MCDA OT - criteria OT - diagnosis OT - fetal growth restriction OT - monochorionic diamniotic OT - outcome OT - survival OT - twin EDAT- 2026/05/13 12:33 MHDA- 2026/06/03 12:39 CRDT- 2026/05/13 11:07 PHST- 2026/02/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/12/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/03 12:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/13 12:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/13 11:07 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/uog.70239 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2026 Jun;67(6):774-782. doi: 10.1002/uog.70239. Epub 2026 May 13. PMID- 42125803 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260917 LR - 20260923 IS - 1532-4303 (Electronic) IS - 0277-0903 (Linking) VI - 63 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Circulating IL-6 associates with a distinct pediatric asthma subtype and serves as a potential key predictor for risk stratification. PG - 1317-1328 LID - 10.1080/02770903.2026.2666086 [doi] AB - BACKGROUNDS: Childhood asthma is a heterogeneous disease wherein systemic inflammation, particularly involving nontype 2 cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), is not universally present and its clinical significance remains unclear. This cross-sectional observational study aimed to elucidate the association between circulating IL-6 levels and the phenotypic characteristics of pediatric asthma, and to explore the potential value of IL-6 as a predictive biomarker for asthma phenotypic risk stratification. METHODS: Plasma IL-6 levels were quantified in 105 newly diagnosed pediatric asthma patients (/=3.1 pg/mL, the 95th percentile of IL-6 levels in the healthy control group). Clinical, inflammatory, and lung function characteristics were compared between the two subgroups. Spearman's rank correlation analysis was conducted to explore the associations between cytokine levels and lung function/airway inflammation indices. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify variables associated with asthma phenotypic characteristics, and subsequent feature selection was carried out using Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression with fivefold cross-validation. A priori sample size estimation and sex-stratified analyses were conducted, and all methods followed STROBE reporting guidelines. RESULTS: Compared with healthy controls, pediatric asthma patients had significantly elevated serum IgE levels, peripheral blood eosinophil counts, and plasma concentrations of IL-4, IL-6, and IL-12 (all p < 0.05). Among the asthma cohort, the "IL-6-high" subgroup (n = 20, 19.0%) had significantly higher body mass index (BMI) and plasma IL-12 levels relative to the "IL-6-normal" subgroup (n = 85). Sex-stratified analyses demonstrated consistent patterns of elevated IL-6-related airway inflammation and reduced lung function across male and female children, without significant subgroup divergence. Correlation analysis showed that plasma IL-4 levels were significantly negatively correlated with percent predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV(1); r = -0.245, p = 0.025), and plasma IL-6 levels were significantly positively correlated with fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) levels (r = 0.214, p = 0.021). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified asthma onset after 4 years of age, oral corticosteroid use, blood eosinophil count, FeNO level, and percent predicted FEV(1) as variables independently associated with asthma phenotypic characteristics. Notably, LASSO regression selected circulating IL-6 as the most prominent predictive biomarker for asthma phenotypic characteristics among all evaluated clinical, inflammatory, and lung function variables. A predictive nomogram incorporating key variables showed excellent discriminative performance in the training cohort (C-index = 0.85, 95%CI: 0.79-0.91) and was validated in an independent cohort (C-index = 0.82, 95%CI: 0.75-0.89). CONCLUSIONS: Elevated circulating IL-6 is a prominent feature associated with a distinct phenotypic subgroup of pediatric asthma, and is correlated with impaired lung function and increased airway inflammation in asthmatic children. These findings support the potential of IL-6 as a significant predictive biomarker for phenotypic risk stratification in pediatric asthma, and suggest its potential utility in phenotypic subtyping of asthmatic patients and as a promising therapeutic target for the IL-6-high pediatric asthma subgroup. All conclusions are interpreted cautiously, given the study's methodological limitations, and further large-cohort prospective validation is required. FAU - Liu, Yuyang AU - Liu Y AD - Department of pediatrics, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, China. FAU - Cheng, Lina AU - Cheng L AD - Department of Neonatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical College. FAU - Wang, Lu AU - Wang L AD - Department of pediatrics, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260601 PL - England TA - J Asthma JT - The Journal of asthma : official journal of the Association for the Care of Asthma JID - 8106454 RN - 0 (Interleukin-6) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (IL6 protein, human) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Asthma/blood/physiopathology/immunology/diagnosis/classification MH - *Interleukin-6/blood MH - Male MH - Female MH - Child MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - Adolescent MH - Risk Assessment MH - Respiratory Function Tests MH - Child, Preschool MH - Phenotype OAB - What is already known on this topicChildhood asthma is a heterogeneous condition, and systemic inflammation is only present in a subset of patients. While type 2 inflammatory biomarkers such as IL-4 are often elevated in asthma, the role of nontype 2 cytokines such as IL-6 remains less clearly defined in pediatric asthma.What this study addsThis study reveals that elevated IL-6 is a key feature associated with a distinct subgroup of children with asthma and is significantly correlated with impaired lung function and airway inflammation. Furthermore, IL-6 was identified as a prominent potential predictive biomarker among all evaluated inflammatory and clinical variables via LASSO regression, with a validated predictive model showing good discriminative ability. This provides a basis for its potential application in pediatric asthma phenotypic subtyping and risk stratification.How this study might affect research, practice or policyThese findings suggest that IL-6 could serve as a potential predictive biomarker for asthma phenotypic sub-phenotyping and a promising therapeutic target for the IL-6-high pediatric asthma subgroup. The results may guide more personalized phenotypic stratification and treatment strategies for this specific subgroup and inform future research into anti-cytokine therapies for severe or corticosteroid-resistant non-type 2 asthma in children. OABL- eng OTO - NOTNLM OT - Asthma OT - LASSO regression OT - biomarker OT - interleukin-6 OT - pediatrics OT - phenotypic stratification EDAT- 2026/05/13 06:32 MHDA- 2026/09/17 05:35 CRDT- 2026/05/13 05:03 PHST- 2026/09/17 05:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/13 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/13 05:03 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/02770903.2026.2666086 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Asthma. 2026 Oct;63(10):1317-1328. doi: 10.1080/02770903.2026.2666086. Epub 2026 Jun 1. PMID- 42125621 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260513 LR - 20260926 IS - 1687-9740 (Print) IS - 1687-9759 (Electronic) IS - 1687-9740 (Linking) VI - 2026 DP - 2026 TI - The Double Burden: Understanding the Impact of Malnutrition on Childhood Cancer Outcomes in Resource-Limited Settings. PG - 8860996 LID - 10.1155/ijpe/8860996 [doi] LID - 8860996 AB - Childhood cancer disproportionately affects low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where over 80% of cases occur, and malnutrition affects approximately 70% of pediatric oncology patients, substantially compromising treatment tolerance, immune function, and survival. This review integrates current evidence on the impact of malnutrition in LMICs, evaluates assessment methodologies and interventions, and identifies knowledge gaps that hinder optimal nutritional care. The A-B-C-D (anthropometric, biochemical, clinical, and dietary assessments) framework provides a systematic assessment, with mid-upper arm circumference and handgrip dynamometry offering practical evaluation in resource-limited settings. Prealbumin is the most sensitive early biochemical marker (54%-87% sensitivity vs. 7.4%-45.8% for albumin), and nutritional screening tools like SCAN demonstrate high validity for risk identification (> 80% sensitivity and specificity). Interventions such as ready-to-use therapeutic foods improved weight gain (77.8% vs. 64.2%) and reduced severe infections (10.6% vs. 31%) in trials. We emphasize a multidisciplinary approach and research priorities centered on standardized assessments, long-term effects of malnutrition, and culturally appropriate nutritional programs for LMICs. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Michael Asare-Baah and Michael Lauzardo. International Journal of Pediatrics published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Asare-Baah, Michael AU - Asare-Baah M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2409-2061 AD - Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA, ufl.edu. AD - Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA, ufl.edu. FAU - Lauzardo, Michael AU - Lauzardo M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7096-4185 AD - Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA, ufl.edu. AD - Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA, ufl.edu. AD - Keira Grace Foundation, Gainesville, Florida, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260511 PL - United States TA - Int J Pediatr JT - International journal of pediatrics JID - 101517077 PMC - PMC13159538 OTO - NOTNLM OT - cancer outcomes OT - low- and middle-income countries OT - malnutrition OT - nutritional interventions OT - pediatric cancer OT - pediatric oncology COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/13 06:31 MHDA- 2026/05/13 06:32 PMCR- 2026/05/11 CRDT- 2026/05/13 04:46 PHST- 2025/02/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/13 06:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/13 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/13 04:46 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - IJPE8860996 [pii] AID - 10.1155/ijpe/8860996 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Pediatr. 2026 May 11;2026:8860996. doi: 10.1155/ijpe/8860996. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42125007 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260513 LR - 20260813 IS - 3005-7590 (Electronic) IS - 3005-7590 (Linking) VI - 3 IP - 5 DP - 2026 May TI - The use of urinary lateral-flow lipoarabinomannan assays for TB diagnosis in children. PG - 327-334 LID - 10.5588/ijtldopen.25.0667 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Detection of lipoarabinomannan (LAM) in urine is a promising non-sputum-based test for TB. We aimed to evaluate Fujifilm SILVAMP TB-LAM (FujiLAM) for the diagnosis of TB in children, using AlereLAM as a comparator. METHODS: Between January 2019 to July 2021, children and young adolescents with presumptive TB disease were enrolled in five countries as part of the RaPaed-TB study. Standardised microbiological, radiologic, and clinical data were used to define TB category following published consensus criteria. FujiLAM and AlereLAM were performed on a single urine sample at enrolment. RESULTS: Of 975 children enrolled, 818 (83.9%) had FujiLAM results available. Median age was 5.5 years (interquartile range 2.4-9.4), 83 (10.1%) had severe acute malnutrition, and 138 (16.9%) were living with HIV. Using a microbiological reference standard, overall sensitivity of FujiLAM was 31.0% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 24.7-37.9) and that of AlereLAM 13.3% (95% CI: 9.0-18.8), whereas the overall specificity was 89.8% (95% CI: 86.3-92.7) and 92.7% (95% CI: 89.6-95.1), respectively. Marked differences in FujiLAM accuracy were noted between production lots. CONCLUSION: FujiLAM remains a promising non-invasive, urine-based biomarker for childhood TB diagnosis. However, the observed lot-to-lot variability underscores the need for improved assays with rigorous multi-lot evaluations to ensure reliability in future studies. CI - (c) 2026 The Authors. FAU - Sabi, I AU - Sabi I AD - Mbeya Medical Research Centre, National Institute for Medical Research, Mbeya, Tanzania. AD - Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Dodoma, Dodoma, Tanzania. FAU - Olbrich, L AU - Olbrich L AD - Institute of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany. AD - Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Immunology, Infection and Pandemic Research, Munich, Germany. AD - German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany. FAU - Olomi, W AU - Olomi W AD - Mbeya Medical Research Centre, National Institute for Medical Research, Mbeya, Tanzania. FAU - Mfinanga, A AU - Mfinanga A AD - Mbeya Medical Research Centre, National Institute for Medical Research, Mbeya, Tanzania. FAU - Zar, H J AU - Zar HJ AD - Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, SA-MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. FAU - Nicol, M P AU - Nicol MP AD - Marshall Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia. FAU - Franckling-Smith, Z AU - Franckling-Smith Z AD - Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, SA-MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. FAU - Khosa, C AU - Khosa C AD - Instituto Nacional de Saude (INS), Marracuene, Mozambique. AD - Department of Physiological Science, Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique. AD - Departments of Clinical Science and International Public Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK. FAU - Banze, D AU - Banze D AD - Instituto Nacional de Saude (INS), Marracuene, Mozambique. FAU - Nliwasa, M AU - Nliwasa M AD - TB/HIV Research Group, College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi. FAU - Corbett, E L AU - Corbett EL AD - TB/HIV Research Group, College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi. AD - TB Centre, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK. FAU - Semphere, R AU - Semphere R AD - TB/HIV Research Group, College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi. FAU - Verghese, V P AU - Verghese VP AD - Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Christian Medical College (CMC), Vellore, India. FAU - Michael, J S AU - Michael JS AD - Department of Clinical Microbiology, Christian Medical College (CMC), Vellore, India. FAU - Larsson, L AU - Larsson L AD - Institute of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany. FAU - Graham, S M AU - Graham SM AD - University of Melbourne Department of Paediatrics and Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - Song, R AU - Song R AD - Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics and National Institute for Health and Care Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Nabeta, P AU - Nabeta P AD - FIND (Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics), Geneva, Switzerland. FAU - Trollip, A AU - Trollip A AD - FIND (Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics), Geneva, Switzerland. FAU - Hoelscher, M AU - Hoelscher M AD - Institute of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany. AD - Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Immunology, Infection and Pandemic Research, Munich, Germany. AD - German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany. FAU - Geldmacher, C AU - Geldmacher C AD - Institute of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany. AD - German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany. FAU - Ntinginya, N E AU - Ntinginya NE AD - Mbeya Medical Research Centre, National Institute for Medical Research, Mbeya, Tanzania. FAU - Heinrich, N AU - Heinrich N AD - Institute of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany. AD - Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Immunology, Infection and Pandemic Research, Munich, Germany. AD - German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany. CN - RaPaed-AIDA-TB Consortium LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260511 PL - France TA - IJTLD Open JT - IJTLD open JID - 9918803487706676 PMC - PMC13160273 OTO - NOTNLM OT - FujiLAM OT - India OT - LAM OT - Malawi OT - Mozambique OT - South Africa OT - Tanzania OT - paediatric TB OT - tuberculosis COIS- Conflicts of interest: none declared. EDAT- 2026/05/13 06:31 MHDA- 2026/05/13 06:32 PMCR- 2026/05/11 CRDT- 2026/05/13 04:39 PHST- 2025/10/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/13 06:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/13 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/13 04:39 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 25-0667 [pii] AID - 10.5588/ijtldopen.25.0667 [doi] PST - epublish SO - IJTLD Open. 2026 May 11;3(5):327-334. doi: 10.5588/ijtldopen.25.0667. eCollection 2026 May. PMID- 42124549 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260527 LR - 20260529 IS - 1365-2036 (Electronic) IS - 0269-2813 (Linking) VI - 63 IP - 12 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Clinical trial: Efficacy of a Low FODMAP Diet in Paediatric Irritable Bowel Syndrome-A Randomised Crossover Trial With Exploratory Metabolomic Analysis. PG - 1592-1604 LID - 10.1111/apt.70718 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Evidence supporting the low fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAP) diet in paediatric irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) remains limited. Mechanisms underlying inter-individual variability in dietary response in children are poorly understood. AIM: To compare the clinical efficacy of a low FODMAP diet (LFD) versus a dietitian-guided habitual diet (HD; standard FODMAP intake) in children with IBS and to identify faecal and urinary metabolomic signatures associated with treatment response. METHODS: Single-centre, randomised assessor-blinded crossover trial. Children with Rome IV-defined IBS underwent a 2-week run-in, followed by 14 days of LFD or dietitian-guided HD, a 2-week washout, and crossover to the alternate diet. The primary outcome was treatment success (>/= 50% reduction in abdominal pain; period-specific baseline VAS). Secondary outcomes included IBS Severity Scoring System (IBS-SSS), stool pattern, and metabolomic profiling. RESULTS: Sixty-six children (mean age 10.2 years) completed the trial. Treatment success was achieved in 57.6% during LFD versus 30.3% during HD (p = 0.024), with the greatest benefit observed in children with severe baseline pain (VAS > 5). LFD was associated with significant reductions in IBS-SSS scores and bloating. Targeted SCFA analyses showed lower faecal acetic acid during LFD than during HD, while exploratory faecal and urinary volatilome analyses identified candidate features associated with response categories. CONCLUSION: In this randomised crossover trial, a LFD improved abdominal pain and symptom severity in children with IBS, with the greatest benefit in those with severe baseline pain. Exploratory faecal and urinary metabolomic analyses identified candidate features associated with non-response, warranting further validation. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT06618677. CI - (c) 2026 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Cristofori, Fernanda AU - Cristofori F AD - Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Paediatric Section, Children's Hospital' Giovanni XXIII', University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy. FAU - Celano, Giuseppe AU - Celano G AD - Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy. FAU - Dargenio, Vanessa Nadia AU - Dargenio VN AD - Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Paediatric Section, Children's Hospital' Giovanni XXIII', University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy. FAU - Apa, Carmen Aurora AU - Apa CA AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-4898-9850 AD - Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy. FAU - Amendolara, Monica AU - Amendolara M AD - Ecclesiastical Entity General Regional Hospital Francesco Miulli, Acquaviva Delle Fonti, Italy. FAU - Stella, Maria AU - Stella M AD - Endocrinology-Diabetology Unit, Cittadella della Salute (Health Centre), Lecce Local Health Authority, Lecce, Italy. FAU - Castellaneta, Stefania AU - Castellaneta S AD - Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Paediatric Section, Children's Hospital' Giovanni XXIII', University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy. FAU - Barone, Michele AU - Barone M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8284-5127 AD - Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Jonian Area, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy. FAU - Vacca, Mirco AU - Vacca M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0813-169X AD - Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy. FAU - De Angelis, Maria AU - De Angelis M AD - Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy. FAU - Francavilla, Ruggiero AU - Francavilla R AD - Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Paediatric Section, Children's Hospital' Giovanni XXIII', University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT06618677 PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20260513 PL - England TA - Aliment Pharmacol Ther JT - Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics JID - 8707234 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Irritable Bowel Syndrome/diet therapy/metabolism MH - Cross-Over Studies MH - *FODMAP Diet MH - Female MH - Treatment Outcome MH - Child MH - Metabolomics/methods MH - Feces/chemistry MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - Abdominal Pain/diet therapy EDAT- 2026/05/13 06:31 MHDA- 2026/05/27 12:36 CRDT- 2026/05/13 04:33 PHST- 2026/04/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/27 12:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/13 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/13 04:33 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/apt.70718 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2026 Jun;63(12):1592-1604. doi: 10.1111/apt.70718. Epub 2026 May 13. PMID- 42124036 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Apr 30 TI - From Growth Trajectory to Functional Decline: Age-Contextualized Nutritional Strategies for Muscle Vulnerability. A Narrative Review. LID - 10.3390/nu18091437 [doi] LID - 1437 AB - Muscle vulnerability occurs at both extremes of the human lifespan, although its biological significance differs substantially between developmental growth and late-life decline. During childhood and adolescence, insufficient muscle accretion reflects disruption of physiological anabolic trajectories driven by inadequate energy availability, inflammatory burden, endocrine imbalance, or disease-associated catabolism. In older adults, muscle deterioration is characterized by anabolic resistance, neuromuscular remodeling, chronic low-grade inflammation, and hormonal decline, culminating in sarcopenia and loss of functional independence. The absence of harmonized diagnostic frameworks across age groups limits direct translational extrapolation. A lifespan-informed perspective distinguishing growth-supportive from function-preserving nutritional approaches is, therefore, required. This narrative review examines how major classes of nutritional bioactive interact with molecular pathways regulating skeletal muscle homeostasis in fragile populations across the lifespan. The analysis encompasses energy adequacy, protein quantity and quality, amino acid-dependent anabolic signaling, vitamin D status, lipid-derived mediators, redox-modulating phytochemicals, and micronutrients supporting mitochondrial bioenergetics. In pediatric contexts, nutritional interventions primarily aim to restore anabolic permissiveness within a structurally intact growth environment. In aging individuals, strategies focus on mitigating anabolic resistance through optimized protein intake, correction of micronutrient insufficiencies, and integration with resistance exercise to preserve functional capacity. This narrative review emphasizes the need to distinguish mechanistic rationale from clinically validated interventions, as improvements in molecular pathways do not consistently translate into meaningful functional outcomes. FAU - Malaguarnera, Luisa AU - Malaguarnera L AD - Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy. FAU - Sortino, Vincenzo AU - Sortino V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0188-8430 AD - PhD Program in Innovative Technologies in Biomedical Sciences, University Kore of Enna, 94100 Enna, Italy. AD - National Council of Research, Institute for Research and Biomedical Innovation (IRIB), Unit of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy. FAU - Surdo, Sofia AU - Surdo S AD - Assotiations ABC OdV Catania, 95027 Catania, Italy. FAU - Piro, Salvatore AU - Piro S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1781-0902 AD - Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260430 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 0 (Micronutrients) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Muscle, Skeletal/growth & development/metabolism/physiology MH - *Aging/physiology MH - *Sarcopenia/prevention & control/physiopathology MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - Micronutrients MH - Nutritional Status MH - Aged MH - Energy Metabolism MH - Adult PMC - PMC13164821 OTO - NOTNLM OT - age-contextualized nutrition OT - anabolic resistance OT - geriatric sarcopenia OT - impaired muscle accretion OT - inflammaging OT - pediatric growth OT - protein density OT - skeletal muscle COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/13 06:31 MHDA- 2026/05/13 06:32 PMCR- 2026/04/30 CRDT- 2026/05/13 01:13 PHST- 2026/04/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/13 06:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/13 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/13 01:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18091437 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01437 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18091437 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Apr 30;18(9):1437. doi: 10.3390/nu18091437. PMID- 42124016 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Apr 29 TI - Dietary and Oral Hygiene Behaviors Associated with Prevalent Caries Status in School-Aged Children of Northern Italy. LID - 10.3390/nu18091416 [doi] LID - 1416 AB - Background/Objectives: Unhealthy dietary behaviors and suboptimal oral hygiene practices remain common among Italian children, potentially affecting both nutritional and oral health. Dental caries, a preventable yet highly prevalent condition in pediatric populations, has a multifactorial etiology in which lifestyle factors play a key role. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of dental caries, dietary habits, and oral hygiene behaviors in school-aged children in Lombardy, and to identify factors associated with prevalent caries status. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 307 schoolchildren aged 9-10 years from ten schools in Northern Italy. Oral health status was evaluated through the plaque index and the DMFT/dmft index during school-based dental examinations. Dietary habits, lifestyle, and oral hygiene practices were collected through structured questionnaires. A mixed-effects logistic regression model was developed to explore potential associations between variables and prevalent caries status. Results: The dietary patterns, weight status, oral hygiene behaviors, and oral health conditions were generally consistent with the national data. Higher plaque index, skipping breakfast, consuming mid-morning snacks, and parental reports of previous caries experiences were retained in the final model. Internal validation suggested reasonable discriminatory ability overall, whereas calibration shows heterogeneity across schools. Conclusions: The findings highlight suboptimal dietary and oral hygiene behaviors among Lombardy schoolchildren and confirm their association with dental caries. Lifestyle-related factors, particularly oral hygiene practices and eating patterns, showed a relevant association with prevalent caries status in the analyzed sample. These results underscore the need for targeted preventive strategies integrating nutritional education and oral health promotion in pediatric populations. FAU - Troiani, Virginia AU - Troiani V AD - School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy. FAU - Ratti, Edoardo AU - Ratti E AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-9818-795X AD - School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy. FAU - Gonnella, Daniel AU - Gonnella D AD - School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy. FAU - Panzeri, Maria Cristina AU - Panzeri MC AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-4663-8542 AD - School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy. FAU - Palestini, Paola AU - Palestini P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1045-8838 AD - School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy. AD - Master's Programme in Applied Food and Nutritional Sciences, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy. FAU - Cazzaniga, Emanuela AU - Cazzaniga E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5006-2280 AD - School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy. AD - Master's Programme in Applied Food and Nutritional Sciences, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260429 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Dental Caries/epidemiology MH - Child MH - Italy/epidemiology MH - *Oral Hygiene/statistics & numerical data MH - Female MH - Male MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Prevalence MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Oral Health MH - *Diet MH - Life Style MH - *Health Behavior PMC - PMC13164890 OTO - NOTNLM OT - children OT - dental caries OT - educational program OT - nutrition OT - oral health OT - prevention COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2026/05/13 06:31 MHDA- 2026/05/13 06:32 PMCR- 2026/04/29 CRDT- 2026/05/13 01:13 PHST- 2026/03/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/13 06:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/13 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/13 01:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18091416 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01416 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18091416 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Apr 29;18(9):1416. doi: 10.3390/nu18091416. PMID- 42123978 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Apr 27 TI - Weekday Sleep Duration and Perceived Restorative Sleep, but Not Dietary Intake, Are Associated with Lower Skin Autofluorescence in Japanese Early Adolescent Girls: A Cross-Sectional Study. LID - 10.3390/nu18091377 [doi] LID - 1377 AB - BACKGROUND: Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) accumulate in tissues with age and are associated with the risk of chronic diseases. However, evidence regarding lifestyle factors related to AGE accumulation in healthy adolescents is limited. The aim of this study was to explore dietary and lifestyle factors that may attenuate tissue AGE accumulation, using skin autofluorescence (SAF) as a noninvasive proxy marker, in healthy Japanese early adolescent girls. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 315 first-year junior high school girls aged 12-13 years from a private school in Japan. SAF was measured on the volar forearm using an AGE Reader MU. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated brief diet history questionnaire (BDHQ-15y). Lifestyle factors, including weekday sleep duration, were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. Health-related variables (including weight-loss dieting) were also collected. Associations between SAF and each factor were analyzed using generalized linear models and nonparametric tests, with multivariable adjustment for potential confounders. RESULTS: The mean SAF was 1.06 +/- 0.13 arbitrary units. No significant associations were observed between SAF and health-related characteristics, nutrient intakes, or major food-group intakes. Longer weekday sleep duration was significantly associated with lower SAF (p for trend = 0.019) and remained significant after multivariable adjustment (p for trend = 0.018). A similar association was observed for better perceived restorative sleep (p for trend = 0.033; adjusted p for trend = 0.048). CONCLUSIONS: In healthy early adolescent girls, longer weekday sleep duration and better perceived restorative sleep were associated with lower SAF, whereas dietary intake was not. Given the largely irreversible age-related accumulation of AGEs, promoting healthy sleep during adolescence may help attenuate AGE accumulation early in life and reduce long-term AGE-related disease risk. Prospective studies with more detailed dietary assessments are needed to clarify dietary influences and confirm temporality. FAU - Kohri, Toshiyuki AU - Kohri T AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Konan Women's University, 6-2-23 Morikita-machi Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-0001, Japan. FAU - Okamoto, Nozomi AU - Okamoto N AD - Department of School Psychology, Developmental Science and Health Education, Hyogo University of Teacher Education, 942-1 Shimokume, Kato 673-1494, Japan. FAU - Myojin, Chiho AU - Myojin C AD - Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, 3327-204 Nakamachi, Nara 631-8505, Japan. FAU - Kawanishi, Masako AU - Kawanishi M AD - Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, 3327-204 Nakamachi, Nara 631-8505, Japan. FAU - Makita, Yumika AU - Makita Y AD - Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, 3327-204 Nakamachi, Nara 631-8505, Japan. FAU - Yamamoto, Mako AU - Yamamoto M AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Konan Women's University, 6-2-23 Morikita-machi Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-0001, Japan. FAU - Higashine, Yuko AU - Higashine Y AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Konan Women's University, 6-2-23 Morikita-machi Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-0001, Japan. FAU - Nakamoto, Mariko AU - Nakamoto M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7548-7499 AD - Department of Public Health and Applied Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260427 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 0 (Glycation End Products, Advanced) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Diet MH - *Eating/physiology MH - *Glycation End Products, Advanced/metabolism MH - Japan MH - Life Style MH - Optical Imaging MH - *Skin/metabolism/diagnostic imaging MH - *Sleep/physiology MH - *Sleep Duration MH - Surveys and Questionnaires PMC - PMC13164999 OTO - NOTNLM OT - AGE OT - advanced glycation end product OT - dietary intake OT - early adolescence OT - perceived restorative sleep OT - skin autofluorescence OT - sleep duration COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/13 06:31 MHDA- 2026/05/13 06:32 PMCR- 2026/04/27 CRDT- 2026/05/13 01:13 PHST- 2026/03/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/13 06:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/13 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/13 01:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18091377 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01377 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18091377 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Apr 27;18(9):1377. doi: 10.3390/nu18091377. PMID- 42123915 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Apr 22 TI - Pre-Diagnosis Dietary Pattern Differences in Australian Children with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Exposure Across Ethnicities. LID - 10.3390/nu18091313 [doi] LID - 1313 AB - BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The pre-diagnosis dietary intake in newly diagnosed multi-ethnic paediatric inflammatory bowel disease (PIBD) is not well understood. This study aimed to describe the pre-diagnosis diet and environmental factors in children with newly diagnosed PIBD attending a single Australian tertiary children's hospital. METHODS: A pilot cross-sectional study was conducted from February 2022 to February 2023 involving children with newly diagnosed PIBD. RESULTS: Of 56 children confirmed with PIBD, 54% had Crohn's disease (CD)-mean +/- SD age, 11.55 years +/- 2.84-and 46% had Ulcerative Colitis (UC)-11.50 years +/- 2.94 (45%, non-Caucasian). More Caucasians had an IBD family history (48.3% vs. 20%; p = 0.02 *). Non-Caucasian children demonstrated significantly lower mean serum vitamin D levels than Caucasian children (42.5 vs. 69 nmol/L; p 6 months. Dietary habits were assessed through a Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence validated index: the KIDMED. Associations between BF duration and KIDMED items were assessed using ANOVA, Chi-squared tests, and logistic regression models. RESULTS: Longer BF duration was associated with higher adherence to MD in both surveys. In 2019-2020, mean (SD) KIDMED scores were: no BF 6.5 (2.4), BF6 months 7.0 (2.4), (p<0.001); in 2022-2023, corresponding values were 6.2 (2.4), 6.4 (2.5), and 6.7 (2.4), (p<0.001). Logistic regression analyses showed that in both 2019-2020 and 2022-2023, BF>6 months was associated with lower odds of skipping breakfast and higher odds of consuming cereals at breakfast, vegetables, and rice or pasta. Several associations remained significant after adjustment for exclusive BF and parents' education, employment status, and age, although effect sizes were attenuated. CONCLUSIONS: Longer BF duration was associated with healthier dietary habits and higher adherence to the MD in children and adolescents, but these associations may reflect broader early-life family and socio-educational contexts rather than a direct causal effect of BF itself. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: The trial was officially recorded in 2019 with the International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial (ISRCT), bearing the identification number 34,251,612 accessed on 08/08/2019 https//www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN34251612 (21). CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Garcia, Silvia AU - Garcia S AD - Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands-IUNICS, Palma de Mallorca, E-07122, Spain. AD - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain. AD - Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Balearic Islands, E-07120, Spain. FAU - Rodenas-Munar, Marina AU - Rodenas-Munar M AD - Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands-IUNICS, Palma de Mallorca, E-07122, Spain. AD - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain. AD - Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Balearic Islands, E-07120, Spain. FAU - Carmona-Rosado, Luis AU - Carmona-Rosado L AD - Public Health and Epidemiology Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad de Alcala, Alcala de Henares, Madrid, 28871, Spain. FAU - Sevilla-Sanchez, Marta AU - Sevilla-Sanchez M AD - Faculty of Sports Sciences and Physical Education, Universidade da Coruna, A Coruna, Spain. FAU - Gusi, Narcis AU - Gusi N AD - Physical Activity and Quality of Life Research Group (AFYCAV), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Caceres, Spain. AD - Instituto de Investigacion e Innovacion en el Deporte (INIDE), Caceres, 10003, Spain. FAU - Gomez, Santiago F AU - Gomez SF AD - Gasol Foundation Europe, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, 08830, Spain. AD - CIBER de Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. AD - Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group (CARIN), Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Nursing and Physiotherapy Department, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain. FAU - Gonzalez-Gross, Marcela AU - Gonzalez-Gross M AD - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain. AD - ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Warnberg, Julia AU - Warnberg J AD - EpiPHAAN Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Malaga - Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga (IBIMA Bionand), Malaga, Spain. FAU - Aznar, Susana AU - Aznar S AD - PAFS Research Group, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha- Toledo Campus, Toledo, Spain. FAU - Pulgar, Susana AU - Pulgar S AD - Regional Unit of Sports Medicine of Principado de Asturias, Fundacion Deportiva Municipal de Aviles, Aviles, Spain. FAU - Serra-Majem, Lluis AU - Serra-Majem L AD - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain. AD - Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain. AD - Preventive Medicine Service, Centro Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil (CHUIMI), Canarian Health Service, Las Palmas, Spain. FAU - Martin-Oliveros, Adela AU - Martin-Oliveros A AD - Sociedad Espanola de Farmacia Clinica, Familiar y Comunitaria (SEFAC), Madrid, Spain. FAU - Marin-Cascales, Elena AU - Marin-Cascales E AD - UCAM Research Center for High Performance Sport, Universidad Catolica de Murcia, Murcia, 30107, Spain. AD - Faculty of Sport, Universidad Catolica de Murcia, Murcia, 30107, Spain. FAU - Fito, Montse AU - Fito M AD - Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group (CARIN), Hospital del Mar Institute for Medical Research, Barcelona, 08003, Spain. FAU - Diez, Julia AU - Diez J AD - Public Health and Epidemiology Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad de Alcala, Alcala de Henares, Madrid, 28871, Spain. FAU - Gonzalez-Valeiro, Miguel Angel AU - Gonzalez-Valeiro MA AD - Faculty of Sports Sciences and Physical Education, Universidade da Coruna, A Coruna, Spain. FAU - Gomez, Jesus Sanchez AU - Gomez JS AD - Physical Activity and Quality of Life Research Group (AFYCAV), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Caceres, Spain. AD - Instituto de Investigacion e Innovacion en el Deporte (INIDE), Caceres, 10003, Spain. FAU - Berruezo, Paula AU - Berruezo P AD - Public Health and Epidemiology Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad de Alcala, Alcala de Henares, Madrid, 28871, Spain. AD - Gasol Foundation Europe, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, 08830, Spain. FAU - Zapico, Augusto G AU - Zapico AG AD - ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Oostrom-Rodriguez, Alvaro AU - Oostrom-Rodriguez A AD - EpiPHAAN Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Malaga - Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga (IBIMA Bionand), Malaga, Spain. FAU - Martin-Moraleda, Evelyn AU - Martin-Moraleda E AD - PAFS Research Group, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha- Toledo Campus, Toledo, Spain. FAU - Herrera-Ramos, Estefania AU - Herrera-Ramos E AD - Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain. FAU - Mateos-Lardies, Ana AU - Mateos-Lardies A AD - Sociedad Espanola de Farmacia Clinica, Familiar y Comunitaria (SEFAC), Madrid, Spain. FAU - Alcaraz, Pedro E AU - Alcaraz PE AD - UCAM Research Center for High Performance Sport, Universidad Catolica de Murcia, Murcia, 30107, Spain. AD - Faculty of Sport, Universidad Catolica de Murcia, Murcia, 30107, Spain. FAU - Schroder, Helmut AU - Schroder H AD - Gasol Foundation Europe, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, 08830, Spain. AD - CIBER de Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. AD - Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group (CARIN), Hospital del Mar Institute for Medical Research, Barcelona, 08003, Spain. FAU - Labayen, Idoia AU - Labayen I AD - ELIKOS Group, Department of Health Sciences, Institute for Sustainability and Food Chain Innovation (IS-FOOD), Public University of Navarre, Pamplona, Spain. FAU - Bouzas, Cristina AU - Bouzas C AD - Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands-IUNICS, Palma de Mallorca, E-07122, Spain. AD - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain. AD - Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Balearic Islands, E-07120, Spain. FAU - Tur, Josep A AU - Tur JA AD - Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands-IUNICS, Palma de Mallorca, E-07122, Spain. pep.tur@uib.es. AD - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain. pep.tur@uib.es. AD - Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Balearic Islands, E-07120, Spain. pep.tur@uib.es. AD - Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, IDISBA & CIBEROBN, Guillem Colom Bldg, Campus, Palma de Mallorca, E-07122, Spain. pep.tur@uib.es. LA - eng GR - N/A/Fundacion PROBITAS/ GR - N/A/Gasol Foundation/ GR - N/A/FC Barcelona Foundation/ GR - N/A/Banco Santander/ GR - N/A/IFA/ GR - N/A/Vienna/ GR - N/A/Fundacion Deporte Joven/ GR - N/A/European Regional Development Fund/ GR - CIBEROBN CB12/03/30038 and CIBERESP CB22/03/00058/Instituto de Salud Carlos III/ GR - FOLIUM, PRIMUS, SYNERGIA and LIBERI/IDISBA Grants/ GR - RED2022-134800-T/Ministerio de Ciencias e Innovacion, Spain/ PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260512 PL - England TA - Int Breastfeed J JT - International breastfeeding journal JID - 101251562 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Breast Feeding/statistics & numerical data MH - Male MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Diet, Mediterranean/statistics & numerical data MH - Time Factors MH - Surveys and Questionnaires PMC - PMC13340382 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescents OT - Breastfeeding OT - Children OT - Dietary habits OT - Mediterranean diet OT - PASOS study COIS- Declarations. Institutional review board statement: The PASOS study was conducted according to the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Fundacio Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain (ref. PIC 179 - 18; 17 December 2018). Informed consent: A signed informed consent form was obtained from the parent or legal guardian of each participant. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/13 06:31 MHDA- 2026/07/07 12:34 PMCR- 2026/05/12 CRDT- 2026/05/13 00:16 PHST- 2026/02/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/07 12:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/13 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/13 00:16 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s13006-026-00851-8 [pii] AID - 851 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s13006-026-00851-8 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int Breastfeed J. 2026 May 12;21(1):66. doi: 10.1186/s13006-026-00851-8. PMID- 42119870 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260716 IS - 1879-0003 (Electronic) IS - 0141-8130 (Linking) VI - 366 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Salecan improves diet-induced obesity and hepatic steatosis by regulating citrate cycle intermediates. PG - 152496 LID - S0141-8130(26)02423-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2026.152496 [doi] AB - Salecan, a naturally occurring beta-glucan, represents an approved novel food ingredient in China. Although its numerous health benefits are acknowledged, the underlying mechanisms addressing obesity and hepatic steatosis remain uncertain. This investigation integrated a mouse model of diet-induced obesity with clinical observations in obese children to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of Salecan. In the animal model, obese mice were administered Salecan by gavage for 8 weeks. Salecan significantly promoted weight loss, reduced blood glucose levels, and improved insulin resistance in obese mice. It also reduced food intake without altering systemic energy metabolism, as evidenced by unchanged overall energy expenditure and maintained substrate utilization patterns. Notably, Salecan suppressed adipocyte hypertrophy within white adipose tissue and mitigated hepatic lipid accumulation. Metabolomic analysis revealed that Salecan markedly altered the serum metabolic profile of obese mice, particularly by elevating the levels of citrate cycle cycle intermediates, including alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG), fumarate, and malate. In the clinical component, serum AKG levels were significantly lower in obese children relative to healthy controls. They exhibited inverse correlations with body mass index, abdominal circumference, and triglyceride levels. The findings validate that Salecan mediates anti-obesity effects by regulating the citrate cycle in murine models, thereby strengthening its potential as a nutritional intervention for obesity and hepatic steatosis. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Liu, Kerong AU - Liu K AD - Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Children's Hospital, Wuxi, China. FAU - Chen, Sha AU - Chen S AD - Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi Medical Center, Wuxi, China. FAU - Cao, Minkai AU - Cao M AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Xu, Xu AU - Xu X AD - Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Children's Hospital, Wuxi, China. FAU - Jiang, Li AU - Jiang L AD - Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Children's Hospital, Wuxi, China. FAU - Liu, Zhenzhen AU - Liu Z AD - Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Children's Hospital, Wuxi, China. FAU - Lai, Jinxin AU - Lai J AD - Department of Medical Laboratory, Wuxi Eighth People's Hospital, Wuxi, China. FAU - Pan, Xiaoxiao AU - Pan X AD - Clinical Medical College, Jinzhou Medical University, The first People's hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Zhang, Yu AU - Zhang Y AD - School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China. FAU - Xu, Lulian AU - Xu L AD - Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Children's Hospital, Wuxi, China. Electronic address: xllgzw@126.com. FAU - Zhang, Le AU - Zhang L AD - Department of Neonatology, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Children's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China. Electronic address: zhangle@jiangnan.edu.cn. FAU - Gu, Ying AU - Gu Y AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China. Electronic address: 13861870460@163.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260511 PL - Netherlands TA - Int J Biol Macromol JT - International journal of biological macromolecules JID - 7909578 RN - 0 (beta-Glucans) RN - 0 (salecan) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - *Obesity/drug therapy/metabolism/etiology/blood MH - Mice MH - *Fatty Liver/drug therapy/metabolism/etiology MH - *beta-Glucans/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - Male MH - Humans MH - *Citric Acid Cycle/drug effects MH - Energy Metabolism/drug effects MH - Diet, High-Fat/adverse effects MH - Liver/drug effects/metabolism/pathology MH - Insulin Resistance MH - Disease Models, Animal MH - Mice, Inbred C57BL MH - Lipid Metabolism/drug effects OTO - NOTNLM OT - Citrate cycle OT - Hepatic steatosis OT - Obesity OT - Salecan OT - alpha-ketoglutarate COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/05/13 00:29 MHDA- 2026/05/29 15:44 CRDT- 2026/05/12 19:23 PHST- 2025/05/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/01/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/29 15:44 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/13 00:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/12 19:23 [entrez] AID - S0141-8130(26)02423-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2026.152496 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Biol Macromol. 2026 Jun;366:152496. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2026.152496. Epub 2026 May 11. PMID- 42118079 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260907 LR - 20260907 IS - 1878-2620 (Electronic) IS - 1499-4046 (Linking) VI - 58 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Exploring Perceptions and Practices Toward Sustainable Diets Among College Students in Lebanon. PG - 883-891 LID - S1499-4046(26)00093-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jneb.2026.03.014 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To assess college students' knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) toward sustainable diets and their potential relationship with food security status, and to explore the associations between the KAP variables, adjusting for socioeconomic correlates. METHODS: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among a convenience sample of 701 university students in Lebanon. The KAP of sustainable diets was assessed using previously validated tools and served as dependent variables, with socioeconomic characteristics, including food security status, as independent variables in multiple stepwise logistic regression models. RESULTS: Majority of students exhibited poor knowledge of sustainable diets (71.7%) and unsustainable practices (75.7%), whereas attitudes were predominantly positive (89.3%). Regression models showed that higher knowledge scores, not attitudes, were significantly associated with sustainable practices (P < 0.001). Other correlates of KAP included female sex, university major, financial aid, and food security status, among others (all P-values < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: This study can help inform educational strategies, public health programs, and food policies promoting sustainable diets among young adults. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Society for Nutrition Education and Behavior. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Saade, Elyssa AU - Saade E AD - Food Security Program, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon. FAU - Kharroubi, Samer AU - Kharroubi S AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon. FAU - Nasreddine, Lara AU - Nasreddine L AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon. FAU - Zurayk, Rami AU - Zurayk R AD - Landscape Design and Ecosystem Management Department, Maroun Semaan Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon. FAU - Jomaa, Lamis AU - Jomaa L AD - Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina, NC; Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon. Electronic address: lamisj@unc.edu. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260512 PL - United States TA - J Nutr Educ Behav JT - Journal of nutrition education and behavior JID - 101132622 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Lebanon MH - Female MH - *Students/statistics & numerical data/psychology MH - *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - Universities MH - Adult MH - Adolescent MH - *Diet/statistics & numerical data MH - Surveys and Questionnaires OTO - NOTNLM OT - college students OT - knowledge, attitudes, practices OT - sustainable diets COIS- CONFLICT OF INTEREST DISCLOSURE The authors have not stated any conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/12 12:35 MHDA- 2026/09/07 23:34 CRDT- 2026/05/12 10:27 PHST- 2025/07/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/07 23:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/12 12:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/12 10:27 [entrez] AID - S1499-4046(26)00093-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jneb.2026.03.014 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Nutr Educ Behav. 2026 Sep;58(9):883-891. doi: 10.1016/j.jneb.2026.03.014. Epub 2026 May 12. PMID- 42117476 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260716 IS - 1758-8111 (Electronic) IS - 1758-8103 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Prediction of Cardiovascular Risk Using Machine Learning Based on Maximal Oxygen Consumption, Physical Fitness, and Anthropometry. PG - e70081 LID - 10.1111/cob.70081 [doi] AB - Cardiovascular risk factors in adolescence, often persist into adulthood, with low cardiorespiratory fitness representing one of the strongest predictors of future cardiovascular disease. We aimed to classify cardiovascular risk associated with low cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescents using machine learning models based on anthropometric and muscular fitness variables. A cross-sectional dataset of 7,852 adolescents aged 13-16 years was analysed. Predictors included body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, standing long jump, push-ups, and sit-ups, while the binary outcome was cardiovascular risk derived from maximal oxygen consumption (VO(2) (max)) cut-points. Data were standardised, class imbalance was addressed using Synthetic Minority Over-sampling TEchnique (SMOTE), and eight supervised classifiers were trained with stratified five-fold cross-validation and grid search. Ensemble tree-based methods outperformed kernel-based models. Gradient Boosting achieved the best balance between predictive performance (area under the curve-receiver operating curve [AUC-ROC] 0.716, F1-score 0.857, recall 0.760, accuracy 0.755), followed by Random Forest. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analyses indicated that muscular fitness measures, particularly push-ups, sit-ups and standing long jump, contributed most to risk classification, whereas anthropometric indicators showed lower importance. These findings suggest that machine learning models built from school-based muscular fitness tests and basic anthropometry can discriminate adolescents at cardiovascular risk due to low cardiorespiratory fitness, offering a feasible, low-cost strategy to support early identification and targeted physical activity interventions. CI - (c) 2026 World Obesity Federation. FAU - Yanez-Sepulveda, Rodrigo AU - Yanez-Sepulveda R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9311-6576 AD - Faculty Education and Humanities, Universidad Andres Bello, Vina del Mar, Chile. FAU - Olivares, Rodrigo AU - Olivares R AD - Escuela de Ingenieria Informatica, Universidad de Valparaiso, Valparaiso, Chile. FAU - Guzman-Munoz, Eduardo AU - Guzman-Munoz E AD - Escuela de Kinesiologia, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tomas, Talca, Chile. AD - Escuela de Pedagogia en Educacion Fisica, Facultad de Educacion, Universidad Autonoma de Chile, Talca, Chile. FAU - Concha-Cisternas, Yeny AU - Concha-Cisternas Y AD - Escuela de Kinesiologia, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tomas, Talca, Chile. AD - Vicerrectoria de Investigacion e Innovacion, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique, Chile. FAU - de Souza-Lima, Josivaldo AU - de Souza-Lima J AD - Faculty Education and Humanities, Universidad Andres Bello, Vina del Mar, Chile. FAU - Garcia-Carrillo, Exal AU - Garcia-Carrillo E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6190-938X AD - Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Faculty of Education Sciences, Universidad Catolica del Maule, Talca, Chile. AD - School of Education, Faculty of Human Sciences, Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile. FAU - Paez-Herrera, Jacqueline AU - Paez-Herrera J AD - Grupo eFidac, Escuela de Educacion Fisica, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso, Valparaiso, Chile. FAU - Rojas-Valverde, Daniel AU - Rojas-Valverde D AD - Centro de Investigacion, Desarrollo e Innovacion en Salud y Deporte (CIDISAD), Escuela Ciencias del Movimiento Humano y Calidad e Vida (CIEMHCAVI), Universidad Nacional, Oriente, Costa Rica. FAU - Cortes-Roco, Guillermo AU - Cortes-Roco G AD - Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Vina del Mar, Vina del Mar, Chile. FAU - Clemente-Suarez, Vicente AU - Clemente-Suarez V AD - Grupo de Investigacion en Cultura, Educacion y Sociedad, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla, Colombia. AD - Universidad Europea de Madrid, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Tajo Street s/n, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Lopez-Gil, Jose Francisco AU - Lopez-Gil JF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7412-7624 AD - School of Medicine, Universidad Espiritu Santo, Samborondon, Ecuador. AD - Vicerrectoria de Investigacion y Postgrado, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Clin Obes JT - Clinical obesity JID - 101560587 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - *Oxygen Consumption/physiology MH - *Physical Fitness/physiology MH - *Machine Learning MH - *Cardiovascular Diseases MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - Heart Disease Risk Factors MH - Male MH - *Cardiorespiratory Fitness/physiology MH - Predictive Learning Models MH - *Anthropometry MH - Body Mass Index MH - Classification Algorithms MH - Prediction Algorithms MH - Random Forest MH - Waist Circumference MH - Risk Factors MH - Boosting Machine Learning Algorithms OTO - NOTNLM OT - cardiovascular diseases OT - exercise OT - machine learning OT - physical fitness EDAT- 2026/05/12 12:36 MHDA- 2026/05/12 12:37 CRDT- 2026/05/12 07:12 PHST- 2025/12/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/11/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/12 12:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/12 12:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/12 07:12 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/cob.70081 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Clin Obes. 2026 Jun;16(3):e70081. doi: 10.1111/cob.70081. PMID- 42116681 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260915 LR - 20260917 IS - 1945-7189 (Electronic) IS - 0163-769X (Print) IS - 0163-769X (Linking) VI - 47 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Sep 16 TI - Epigenetics and childhood obesity: DNA methylation coordinates environment and gene regulation. PG - 608-636 LID - 10.1210/endrev/bnag013 [doi] AB - Childhood obesity is a complex disorder which results from the combined contribution of genetics, the environment, and development, which is programmed and coordinated by epigenetic mechanisms. Of them, DNA methylation has emerged as an important molecular interface between environmental inputs and changes in gene expression. In this review, we provide an overview of the role of DNA methylation in childhood obesity during the key developmental stages, from prenatal life and childhood to adolescence. We also highlight the available evidence from candidate genes and genome-wide association studies implicating critical loci involved in energy homeostasis and adipogenesis, where DNA methylation is altered. Further, we also provide an overview of how maternal obesity, nutritional status, and bariatric surgery shape offspring's methylation profiles and contribute to the increased risk of programming obesity across generations. Although aberrant methylation patterns are consistently associated with altered metabolic phenotypes, disentangling causality remains a significant challenge. Herein, we highlight emerging approaches, such as rigorous longitudinal cohorts, epigenetic Mendelian randomization, and CRISPR-based epigenome editing, that are beginning to provide the analytical clarity needed to move beyond association. Finally, we examine the potential of DNA methylation signatures to inform early risk stratification and prevention possibilities. Although yet to be clinically validated, whole-genome methylation profiling is increasingly integrated with systems biology and multi-omics frameworks, making the identification of robust, clinically actionable markers more promising. A more precise understanding of how epigenetic processes shape susceptibility to childhood obesity could ultimately support strategies capable of altering lifelong metabolic trajectories. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Endocrine Society. FAU - Kaimala, Suneesh AU - Kaimala S AD - Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi 15551, United Arab Emirates. FAU - Leow, Melvin Khee-Shing AU - Leow MK AD - Institute for Human Development and Potential (IHDP), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 30 Medical Drive, Singapore 117609, Republic of Singapore. AD - Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation, A*STAR, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore. AD - Department of Endocrinology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Republic of Singapore. AD - Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Republic of Singapore. AD - Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Republic of Singapore. FAU - Ansari, Suraiya Anjum AU - Ansari SA AD - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi 15551, United Arab Emirates. AD - Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi 15551, United Arab Emirates. AD - ASPIRE Precision Medicine, Research Institute Abu Dhabi, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi 15551, United Arab Emirates. FAU - Emerald, Bright Starling AU - Emerald BS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6875-2258 AD - Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi 15551, United Arab Emirates. AD - Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi 15551, United Arab Emirates. AD - ASPIRE Precision Medicine, Research Institute Abu Dhabi, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi 15551, United Arab Emirates. LA - eng GR - #12R110/United Arab Emirates University/ GR - #12R206/United Arab Emirates University/ GR - #12R365/United Arab Emirates University/ GR - Zayed Bin Sultan Charitable and Humanitarian Foundation/ GR - Abu Dhabi's Advanced Technology Research Council/ GR - ASPIRE Precision Medicine Research Institute/ PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - United States TA - Endocr Rev JT - Endocrine reviews JID - 8006258 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *DNA Methylation MH - *Epigenesis, Genetic MH - *Pediatric Obesity/genetics MH - Child MH - Developmental Origins of Health and Disease MH - Female MH - *Gene Expression Regulation MH - Animals PMC - PMC13577769 OTO - NOTNLM OT - DNA methylation OT - childhood obesity OT - early environment OT - epigenetic regulation OT - gene expression EDAT- 2026/05/12 06:33 MHDA- 2026/09/16 03:34 PMCR- 2026/05/11 CRDT- 2026/05/12 02:13 PHST- 2025/12/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/16 03:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/12 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/12 02:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 8676198 [pii] AID - bnag013 [pii] AID - 10.1210/endrev/bnag013 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Endocr Rev. 2026 Sep 16;47(5):608-636. doi: 10.1210/endrev/bnag013. PMID- 42116676 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260813 IS - 2046-4924 (Electronic) IS - 1366-5278 (Print) IS - 1366-5278 (Linking) VI - 30 IP - 36 DP - 2026 May TI - Olanzapine for young people with anorexia nervosa: a synopsis of the main results from the OPEN open-label feasibility study. PG - 1-17 LID - 10.3310/GJHH0812 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: In clinical practice, olanzapine is commonly used in young people with anorexia nervosa, although the underpinning evidence-base is limited. However, its efficacy, tolerability, acceptability and adherence rate, and the patients', carers' and clinicians' views of olanzapine treatment are unclear. This synopsis article summarises the methods and results of the OPEN feasibility study, overarching the findings and drawing comprehensive conclusions from a quantitative feasibility outcome paper and two qualitative research papers. METHODS: The OPEN study assessed the feasibility of a future randomised controlled trial on olanzapine in young people with anorexia nervosa in an open-label, one-armed feasibility study. In this study, we aimed to include 55 patients with anorexia nervosa or atypical anorexia nervosa aged 12-24 who gained < 2 kg within at least 1 month of treatment as usual. Time points for assessments were at baseline, 8 weeks, 16 weeks, and 6 or 12 months. We estimated recruitment, adherence and attrition rates and mean changes in body weight, body mass index and eating disorder psychopathology. In addition, we explored the views on and experiences with olanzapine treatment within a clinical trial setting using qualitative interviews with young people with anorexia nervosa, their families and clinicians. RESULTS: Fifty-two people were pre-screened, 35 were eligible and 20 participants were recruited and started olanzapine. Of these, 15 continued olanzapine for >/= 16 weeks. Participants experienced, on average, a decrease in their eating disorder psychopathology, and body weight and body mass index increased during treatment with olanzapine as an adjunct to treatment as usual. Important themes derived from semi-structured qualitative interviews with young people and their parents were: moving away from the illness towards recovery, evaluating information on olanzapine, consent and trust in shared decision-making and the ambivalence around recovery. The main themes expressed by clinicians included: acknowledging the concerns of young people with anorexia nervosa and their families, prioritising person-centred care, the limited service capacity and strict study eligibility criteria. LIMITATIONS: The study failed to meet the recruitment target and showed low adherence rates for treatment with olanzapine. Possible reasons for the recruitment difficulties and the low adherence rate include the high clinical workload of eating disorder services during and after the COVID-19 pandemic, the heterogeneity of eating disorder service setup across the country, and the reluctance of patients to agree to take olanzapine under the relatively restricted conditions of a clinical study. CONCLUSIONS: A realistic time schedule for site-preparation, recruitment, treatment and follow-up, realistic recruitment targets and easy access to medical and laboratory examinations may improve the success of future feasibility studies and randomised controlled trials in this patient group. FUTURE WORK: The difficulties in conducting the OPEN study will inform the planning for future pharmacological and non-pharmacological studies in anorexia nervosa. Therefore, we developed a checklist with action points for the planning of pharmacological trials in eating disorders. Furthermore, novel pharmacological options such as typical and atypical psychedelic drugs (e.g. psilocybin and ketamine) might be more acceptable for people with anorexia nervosa as they do not have the side effect of immediate weight gain. FUNDING: This synopsis presents independent research funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme as award number NIHR130780. FAU - Filiz, Ece Sengun AU - Filiz ES AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8779-3351 AD - Division of Psychiatry, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK. FAU - Stringer, Dominic AU - Stringer D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5624-1733 AD - King's Clinical Trials Unit, King's College London, London, UK. AD - Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. FAU - Kellermann, Vanessa AU - Kellermann V AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-5969-3769 AD - Department of Health Service and Population Research, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. FAU - Olive, Rachel Rowan AU - Olive RR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0871-9859 AD - Department of Health Service and Population Research, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. FAU - Said, Olena AU - Said O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1090-839X AD - King's Clinical Trials Unit, King's College London, London, UK. AD - Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders (CREW), Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. FAU - Mutwalli, Hiba AU - Mutwalli H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9267-6283 AD - Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders (CREW), Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Bektas, Sevgi AU - Bektas S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0613-5032 AD - Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders (CREW), Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. AD - Department of Psychology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkiye. FAU - Akkese, Melahat Nur AU - Akkese MN AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-2866-4849 AD - Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders (CREW), Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. FAU - Ireland, Katie AU - Ireland K AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-2772-0628 AD - South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. FAU - Beishon-Murley, Demelza AU - Beishon-Murley D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0987-3890 AD - South West London and St George's Mental Health NHS Trust, London, UK. FAU - Khor, Joel W T AU - Khor JWT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7860-6131 AD - South West London and St George's Mental Health NHS Trust, London, UK. FAU - Allman, Lee AU - Allman L AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-9890-0236 AD - Sussex Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Hampshire, UK. AD - Hampshire and Isle of Wight Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester, UK. FAU - Kotze, Nicus AU - Kotze N AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-5430-5086 AD - Dorset Healthcare University NHS Foundation Trust, Poole, UK. FAU - Carter, Ben AU - Carter B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0318-8865 AD - King's Clinical Trials Unit, King's College London, London, UK. AD - Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. FAU - Tyrrell-Bunge, Elizabeth AU - Tyrrell-Bunge E AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-5112-3811 AD - South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. FAU - Rowlands, Katie AU - Rowlands K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9671-4344 AD - Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders (CREW), Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. FAU - Keeler, Johanna Louise AU - Keeler JL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3905-9857 AD - Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders (CREW), Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. FAU - Ivin, Glynis AU - Ivin G AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-3599-1315 AD - South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. FAU - Simic, Mima AU - Simic M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4900-1429 AD - South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. FAU - Sually, Dilveer Singh AU - Sually DS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4112-6502 AD - Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders (CREW), Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. FAU - Bentley, Jessica AU - Bentley J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2991-4757 AD - Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders (CREW), Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. FAU - Young, Allan H AU - Young AH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2291-6952 AD - Division of Psychiatry, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK. AD - Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders (CREW), Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. AD - South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. FAU - Madden, Sloane AU - Madden S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5903-6647 AD - The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Byford, Sarah AU - Byford S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7084-1495 AD - Department of Health Service and Population Research, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. FAU - Landau, Sabine AU - Landau S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3615-8075 AD - King's Clinical Trials Unit, King's College London, London, UK. AD - Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. FAU - Treasure, Janet AU - Treasure J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0871-4596 AD - Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders (CREW), Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. AD - South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. FAU - Schmidt, Ulrike AU - Schmidt U AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1335-1937 AD - Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders (CREW), Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. AD - South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. FAU - Nicholls, Dasha AU - Nicholls D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7257-6605 AD - Division of Psychiatry, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK. FAU - Lawrence, Vanessa AU - Lawrence V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7852-2018 AD - Department of Health Service and Population Research, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. FAU - Himmerich, Hubertus AU - Himmerich H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1209-6073 AD - Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders (CREW), Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. AD - South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Health Technol Assess JT - Health technology assessment (Winchester, England) JID - 9706284 RN - N7U69T4SZR (Olanzapine) RN - 0 (Antipsychotic Agents) RN - 12794-10-4 (Benzodiazepines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Anorexia Nervosa/drug therapy MH - *Olanzapine/therapeutic use MH - Adolescent MH - Feasibility Studies MH - Female MH - *Antipsychotic Agents/therapeutic use/adverse effects MH - Young Adult MH - Child MH - Male MH - Benzodiazepines/therapeutic use PMC - PMC13181506 OAB - Better treatments are needed for severely underweight young people (age 12-24) with anorexia who do not respond to the standard psychotherapies to support their physical and psychological recovery. Many doctors prescribe olanzapine, because olanzapine has been reported to help with weight gain. However, it has not been approved for treating anorexia yet, because it is unclear whether it is helpful and whether it is safe to be used for young people. Before this study, we did not know what proportion of young people with anorexia would consider olanzapine in addition to usual treatment or participate in a study assessing this. We also wanted to know how long patients might be willing to take it. We had hoped to include 55 patients with anorexia aged 12-24 years into a study testing olanzapine. We documented how many patients agreed to participate and receive olanzapine alongside their usual treatment. For adolescent patients, their parents or guardians also needed to consent. We used questionnaires, physical examinations and laboratory investigations. We examined patients before they started olanzapine, after 8 and 16 weeks, and after 6 and 12 months. However, we were only able to identify 52 potential patients for study. Of these, 35 would have been suitable, but only 20 participants chose to start olanzapine. Of these, 15 continued olanzapine for 16 weeks or longer. Participants experienced, on average, a beneficial effect on their psychological symptoms and some weight gain. Patients and their parents expressed the importance of moving away from the illness and towards recovery, getting accurate in-depth information about olanzapine, and being actively involved in treatment decisions. Clinicians highlighted the importance of acknowledging the concerns of young people with anorexia and their families and providing person-centred care. Staff shortages and other challenges for eating disorder services during and after the COVID-19 pandemic and the strict criteria for entering the study may have been the main reasons for why we were unable to recruit 55 patients with anorexia into this study. OABL- eng OTO - NOTNLM OT - ADHERENCE OT - ANOREXIA NERVOSA OT - ATTRITION OT - FEASIBILITY OT - OLANZAPINE OT - RECRUITMENT OT - SIDE EFFECTS EDAT- 2026/05/12 06:34 MHDA- 2026/05/12 06:35 PMCR- 2026/05/18 CRDT- 2026/05/12 02:13 PHST- 2026/05/12 06:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/12 06:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/12 02:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3310/GJHH0812 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Health Technol Assess. 2026 May;30(36):1-17. doi: 10.3310/GJHH0812. PMID- 42116062 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260813 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 11 TI - Criterion validity of a self-reported web-based data collection tool to measure daily school travel in middle school children. LID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27628-2 [doi] LID - 1517 AB - BACKGROUND: Various interventions have been developed with the intention to increase the amount of physical activity among children, including those promoting active school travel (AST). However, no gold standard currently exists for measuring different travel modes in AST. This study evaluates the criterion validity of a web-based data collection tool designed for children to self-report their school travel. PURPOSE: To assess the criterion validity of a web-based data collection tool for daily self-registration of commuting mode, time, and distance among middle school children in Sweden. METHODS: Thirty children (10-12 years old) from six schools in Falun, Sweden, were recruited using snowball sampling. The children self-reported their school travel data for one day, including travel mode, commuting time, and distance. Their reports were compared to a criterion standard based on direct observations. Spearman correlation and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used to analyze the accuracy of the self-reported data. RESULT: The web-based data collection tool demonstrated 100% agreement between self-reported and observed travel modes, with high correlations for commuting time and distance (r(s)=0.953-0.989, p < 0.001). The Wilcoxon signed rank test showed no significant differences between self-reported data and criterion standard (p = 0.243-0.903). CONCLUSION: The strong agreement between self-reported and observed travel data indicates high criterion validity, suggesting that the web-based data collection tool is a reliable method for middle school children to self-report their daily school travel. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Andersson, Mathias AU - Andersson M AD - Department of Medical Sciences, School of Health and Welfare, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden. maae@du.se. FAU - Tseli, Elena AU - Tseli E AD - Department of Medical Sciences, School of Health and Welfare, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden. AD - Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden. FAU - Lindqvist, Anna-Karin AU - Lindqvist AK AD - Department of Health, Education and Technology, Lulea University of Technology, Lulea, Sweden. FAU - Palstam, Annie AU - Palstam A AD - Department of Medical Sciences, School of Health and Welfare, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden. AD - Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. AD - Department of Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260511 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Sweden MH - *Schools MH - *Internet MH - *Self Report MH - *Transportation/methods/statistics & numerical data MH - Female MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Male MH - *Data Collection/methods PMC - PMC13159230 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Active school transport OT - Commuting OT - Measurement methods OT - Physical activity OT - Transportation COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was conducted according to the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority (Dnr. 2021-03783). During recruitment, it was emphasized that participation was voluntary and could be discontinued without giving reasons. The children received both oral and written information about the study. Written informed consent for participation and publication was obtained from the child and parent/legal guardian prior to participation. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/12 06:33 MHDA- 2026/05/12 06:34 PMCR- 2026/05/11 CRDT- 2026/05/12 00:38 PHST- 2025/12/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/12 06:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/12 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/12 00:38 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27628-2 [pii] AID - 27628 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27628-2 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2026 May 11;26(1):1517. doi: 10.1186/s12889-026-27628-2. PMID- 42115985 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260703 LR - 20260813 IS - 1471-2431 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2431 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 11 TI - Clinimetric evaluation of the 1-minute sit-to-stand test as a functional performance measure associated with quadriceps strength in children with spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy. LID - 10.1186/s12887-026-06967-4 [doi] LID - 615 AB - PURPOSE: To evaluate the construct validity, test-retest reliability, and clinical applicability of the 1-minute sit-to-stand test (1-MSTST) as a functional performance-based measure associated with quadriceps strength in ambulatory children with spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy (GMFCS I-II). Despite its validity, instrumented strength assessment is not always feasible in routine pediatric rehabilitation, highlighting the need for simple functional alternatives. METHODS: In this cross-sectional methodological study with a test-retest design, 78 children aged 12-18 years were assessed. Quadriceps strength was measured using hand-held dynamometry. Functional performance was evaluated using the 1-MSTST, and a work score was calculated by multiplying repetitions by body weight. Construct validity was examined through correlations between work score and quadriceps strength. RESULTS: The 1-MSTST work score correlated strongly with affected limb strength (r = 0.72, p < 0.001) and moderately-to-strongly with the unaffected limb (r = 0.65, p < 0.001). Test-retest reliability was good (ICC = 0.78; 95% CI: 0.69-0.85). The standard error of measurement was 92.6 kg.repetitions and the minimal detectable change at the 95% confidence level was 256.7 kg.repetitions. No adverse events occurred. These findings indicate that the 1-MSTST is significantly associated with quadriceps muscle strength and may reflect functional lower limb performance, rather than serving as a direct measure of isolated muscle strength capacity. CONCLUSION: The 1-MSTST is a valid, reliable, and clinically feasible tool for assessing functional performance related to quadriceps strength in ambulatory children with spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy. It may serve as a practical complementary tool to instrumented strength assessment, particularly in routine and resource-limited clinical settings. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Baykan, Muge AU - Baykan M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8299-6926 AD - Department of Pediatric Neurology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Training and Research Hospital, Rize, Turkey. dr.mugebaykan@gmail.com. FAU - Baykan Copuroglu, Ozge AU - Baykan Copuroglu O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1014-8845 AD - Department of Therapy and Rehabilitation, Incesu Ayse and Saffet Arslan Health Services Vocational School, Kayseri University, Kayseri, Turkey. FAU - Ergun, Betul AU - Ergun B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7212-2937 AD - Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260511 PL - England TA - BMC Pediatr JT - BMC pediatrics JID - 100967804 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Cerebral Palsy/physiopathology/complications MH - Child MH - *Quadriceps Muscle/physiopathology MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Muscle Strength/physiology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Adolescent MH - *Hemiplegia/physiopathology MH - *Exercise Test/methods MH - Muscle Strength Dynamometer MH - *Physical Functional Performance PMC - PMC13330457 OTO - NOTNLM OT - 1-minute sit-to-stand test OT - Cerebral palsy OT - Pediatric rehabilitation OT - Quadriceps muscle strength OT - Validity and reliability COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was obtained from the Non-Interventional Research Ethics Committee of Firat University (approval date: 04 September 2025; decision number: 2025/12-20). Written informed consent was obtained from the parents or legal guardians of all participants, and verbal assent was obtained from the children prior to participation. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/12 06:33 MHDA- 2026/07/03 06:30 PMCR- 2026/05/11 CRDT- 2026/05/12 00:35 PHST- 2026/03/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/03 06:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/12 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/12 00:35 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-06967-4 [pii] AID - 6967 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-06967-4 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pediatr. 2026 May 11;26(1):615. doi: 10.1186/s12887-026-06967-4. PMID- 42115837 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261009 LR - 20261010 IS - 1532-0987 (Electronic) IS - 0891-3668 (Print) IS - 0891-3668 (Linking) VI - 45 IP - 11 DP - 2026 Nov 1 TI - Risk of Infective Endocarditis in Pediatric Staphylococcal Bacteremia: A 20-Year Cohort Study. PG - 925-928 LID - 10.1097/INF.0000000000005257 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: The prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis (SAE) in children with S. aureus bacteremia (SAB) varies widely and is generally lower than that in adults. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of SAE in pediatric patients with SAB and to identify the associated clinical risk factors. METHODS: This retrospective study included all children 0-18 years old diagnosed with SAB at a university hospital in Thailand between 2003 and 2023, identified using International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision codes. Endocarditis was defined using the modified Duke criteria, in accordance with the 2023 European Society of Cardiology guidelines for the management of endocarditis. RESULTS: Among the 171 children with SAB, 15 (8.8%) met the criteria for definite infective endocarditis. Methicillin-sensitive S. aureus was the predominant pathogen in both uncomplicated SAB and SAB complicated by endocarditis. Congenital heart disease was significantly associated with SAE ( P = 0.02). Additional risk factors included protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) ( P = 0.04) and more than 2 positive blood cultures ( P = 0.001), whereas immunocompromised status was associated with a reduced risk ( P < 0.001). Both SAB and SAE were associated with prolonged hospitalization and increased mortality. CONCLUSIONS: SAE occurred in 8.8% of pediatric SAB cases. Congenital heart disease, protein-energy malnutrition and persistent bacteremia were key predictors of SAE. In settings where echocardiography is not immediately accessible, these clinical risk factors can guide the early identification of high-risk patients and support decisions regarding monitoring intensity and timely referral. Larger prospective studies are needed to validate these associations and to facilitate the development of practical prediction tools for pediatric SAE. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, LLC. FAU - Pakotiprapha, Apisara AU - Pakotiprapha A AD - From the Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. FAU - Chungsomprasong, Paweena AU - Chungsomprasong P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0261-7007 FAU - Vijarnsorn, Chodchanok AU - Vijarnsorn C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7124-2064 FAU - Chanthong, Prakul AU - Chanthong P AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-1707-9378 FAU - Pacharapakornpong, Thita AU - Pacharapakornpong T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9642-4614 FAU - Thammasate, Ploy AU - Thammasate P AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-6155-0305 FAU - Srivichean, Auttapol AU - Srivichean A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-3925-8695 FAU - Durongpisitkul, Kritvikrom AU - Durongpisitkul K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9295-516 FAU - Soongswang, Jarupim AU - Soongswang J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7356-3881 LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260512 PL - United States TA - Pediatr Infect Dis J JT - The Pediatric infectious disease journal JID - 8701858 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Bacteremia/epidemiology/microbiology/complications MH - *Staphylococcal Infections/epidemiology/complications/microbiology MH - Female MH - Male MH - Infant MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Adolescent MH - Risk Factors MH - *Endocarditis, Bacterial/epidemiology/microbiology MH - Thailand/epidemiology MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Staphylococcus aureus MH - Prevalence PMC - PMC13649274 OTO - NOTNLM OT - bacteremia OT - infective endocarditis OT - pediatric COIS- The authors have no funding or conflicts of interest to disclose. EDAT- 2026/05/12 06:34 MHDA- 2026/10/09 05:30 PMCR- 2026/10/08 CRDT- 2026/05/12 00:03 PHST- 2026/04/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/09 05:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/12 06:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/12 00:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 00006454-990000000-01715 [pii] AID - PIDJ-264 [pii] AID - 10.1097/INF.0000000000005257 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2026 Nov 1;45(11):925-928. doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000005257. Epub 2026 May 12. PMID- 42115236 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260710 LR - 20260813 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 11 TI - Sports participation and obesity incidence in chinese adolescents: a 7-year prospective cohort study. LID - 10.1038/s41598-026-50212-y [doi] LID - 21526 AB - Adolescent obesity has risen to become a critical public health challenge around the world. According to the World Health Organization, roughly 340 million children and adolescents aged 5-19 were overweight or obese by 2016, representing a nearly sixfold increase since 1975. In China, rapid urbanization and shifting dietary patterns have accelerated this trend among school-age populations. Although physical activity is broadly considered protective against weight gain, longitudinal evidence that quantifies the magnitude of sports participation's effect on obesity incidence during adolescence remains sparse. We aimed to examine the dose-response relationship between sports participation intensity and seven-year obesity incidence among Chinese adolescents, and to identify subgroup-specific effect modification by sex, age, and baseline body mass index. We conducted a prospective cohort study drawing on data from the National Adolescent Health Surveillance System. A total of 89,532 initially non-obese Chinese adolescents aged 12-15 years were followed from 2016 to 2023. Sports participation intensity was assessed biannually through validated questionnaires, and obesity incidence was ascertained using WHO age- and sex-specific BMI criteria. Cox proportional hazards regression models were fitted with adjustment for demographic, socioeconomic, and time-varying behavioral confounders. Propensity score matching and marginal structural models served as supplementary analytical approaches to strengthen causal inference. Over 523,847 person-years of observation, 8,947 incident obesity cases were identified (17.1 per 1,000 person-years). Compared with minimal physical activity, high sports participation (>/= 300 min/week) was associated with a 58% lower obesity risk (HR = 0.42, 95% CI 0.37-0.48), and a clear dose-response gradient was observed. Moderate and low participation showed intermediate protective effects (HR = 0.61 and 0.73, respectively). These associations held up across multiple sensitivity analyses and were stronger among boys than girls. Sustained sports participation during adolescence substantially reduces obesity incidence in a dose-dependent manner. These findings offer compelling support for physical activity promotion policies and school-based interventions targeting this critical developmental period. This study was reported following the STROBE guidelines for observational studies. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Qiu, Derun AU - Qiu D AD - College of P.E and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, Beijing, 100875, China. FAU - Dai, Chunmin AU - Dai C AD - International Football Education School, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China. dcm075213@163.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260511 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 RN - Chinese people SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Male MH - Incidence MH - Prospective Studies MH - China/epidemiology MH - Child MH - *Sports MH - Body Mass Index MH - *Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology MH - *Exercise MH - Proportional Hazards Models MH - East Asian People PMC - PMC13351051 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent obesity OT - Cox proportional hazards model OT - Dose-response relationship OT - Physical activity OT - Prospective cohort study OT - Sports participation COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Ethical approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Beijing Normal University (Reference Number: BNU-IRB-2016-037) and the Ethics Review Board of Jilin Agriculture University (Reference Number: JAU-ERB-2016-024). All procedures were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and relevant Chinese national regulations. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants and their legal guardians prior to enrollment. Consent for publication: All authors have reviewed and approved the final manuscript for publication. No identifiable individual participant data or images are included. All participants provided consent for their anonymized data to be used for research purposes and publication. EDAT- 2026/05/12 00:33 MHDA- 2026/07/11 04:10 PMCR- 2026/05/11 CRDT- 2026/05/11 23:16 PHST- 2025/11/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/11 04:10 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/12 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/11 23:16 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-50212-y [pii] AID - 50212 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-50212-y [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2026 May 11;16(1):21526. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-50212-y. PMID- 42114847 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260511 LR - 20260813 IS - 2005-3711 (Print) IS - 1598-7876 (Electronic) IS - 1225-8245 (Linking) VI - 69 IP - 3 DP - 2026 May TI - Wearable Technologies for Clinical Assessment and Monitoring in Pediatric Neurodevelopmental Disorders : A Narrative Review. PG - 361-370 LID - 10.3340/jkns.2026.0036 [doi] AB - Pediatric neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Text Revision : intellectual disabilities, communication disorders, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), specific learning disorder, and motor disorders together with closely associated pediatric neurological conditions such as cerebral palsy (CP) and epilepsy, present with symptom fluctuations and variable performance, making longitudinal assessment challenging. Conventional clinical scales, questionnaires, and caregiver diaries are largely subjective and offer limited temporal coverage. This review examines wearable technologies applicable to these conditions, focusing on measurable digital biomarkers and real-world clinical application. A narrative review was performed. Wearable technologies were categorized into motion trackers (accelerometers/gyroscopes, inertial measurement units [IMUs]), physiological monitors (photoplethysmography-derived heart rate and heart rate variability, and electrodermal activity), wearable electroencephalography (EEG)/brain sensors, smart glasses/cameras, and textile-based wearables. IMU and accelerometer based systems achieved posture and gait classification accuracies of approximately 85%, distinguished children with ADHD from controls with 80-90% accuracy, and detected stereotyped behaviors in children with ASD with sensitivities exceeding 90%. Wearable EEG demonstrated high performance for ASD classification (accuracy, 96%; sensitivity, 100%) and for automated sleep staging in epilepsy(accuracy, 80.8-83.5%), and also enabled seizure-related signal monitoring through detection of ictal fast activity. For tonic-clonic seizures, wearable devices achieved sensitivities of 89-94%, whereas tonic-seizure detection performance remains limited. Smartwatch vibrotactile stimulation reduced stereotyped behaviors and improved task performance, and wrist-worn biosignals enabled prediction of aggressive behavior approximately three minutes before onset. Augmented reality based smart glasses supported social-communication coaching in children with ASD. In children with CP, smart-shoe systems classified daily activities with high accuracy and quantified gait asymmetry. Wearables enable objective and continuous assessment of symptoms and behaviors in children with NDDs and related pediatric neurological conditions across real-world environments and are expanding toward personalized intervention. Remaining challenges include integration into clinical workflows (electronic medical record [EMR] linkage, clinician-friendly data summarisation, and reimbursement pathways), ethical and privacy considerations, and standardisation of validation protocols. FAU - Lee, Eun Jae AU - Lee EJ AD - Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Clinical Neuroscience Center, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea. AD - Department of Community Health Nursing, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Kim, Woojoong AU - Kim W AD - Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Clinical Neuroscience Center, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260430 PL - Korea (South) TA - J Korean Neurosurg Soc JT - Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society JID - 101467054 PMC - PMC13172776 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Biomarkers OT - Neurodevelopmental disorders OT - Remote patient monitoring OT - Wearable electronic devices COIS- Conflicts of interest No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported. EDAT- 2026/05/12 00:32 MHDA- 2026/05/12 00:33 PMCR- 2026/05/01 CRDT- 2026/05/11 20:31 PHST- 2026/02/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/12 00:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/12 00:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/11 20:31 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jkns.2026.0036 [pii] AID - jkns-2026-0036 [pii] AID - 10.3340/jkns.2026.0036 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Korean Neurosurg Soc. 2026 May;69(3):361-370. doi: 10.3340/jkns.2026.0036. Epub 2026 Apr 30. PMID- 42114824 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261026 LR - 20261028 IS - 1543-3072 (Electronic) IS - 1056-6716 (Linking) VI - 35 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Nov 1 TI - A Slim-Fit Knee Brace for Young Adults With a Symptomatic Knee Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial. PG - 641-651 LID - 10.1123/jsr.2025-0430 [doi] AB - CONTEXT: Early-onset osteoarthritis and associated symptoms are common after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), but evidence for effective treatments is limited. We aimed to assess the feasibility of a slim-fit knee brace in young adults with a symptomatic knee post-ACLR. DESIGN: 6-week feasibility randomized controlled trial. METHODS: Participants (aged 18-45, 1-8 y post-ACLR) with a symptomatic knee were randomized (2:1) to (1) a slim-fit knee brace group, to wear >/=1 hour daily and during aggravating activities; or (2) a no brace control group. Feasibility was assessed via eligibility, enrollment, recruitment, dropouts, adverse events, and adherence (temperature sensor). Acceptability was assessed via treatment satisfaction (100-point scale) and explored in semistructured interviews and analyzed thematically. Secondary outcomes included 6-week change in Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia, and hop performance. RESULTS: Of 48 participants screened, 24 (50%) were eligible and 21 (88%) enrolled over 6 months (52% male, mean age 31 [6] y, n = 14 brace, n = 7 control). One control participant was lost to follow-up (5% dropout). In the brace group, there were 2 serious and 3 minor unrelated adverse events, and 6 minor skin-related events; the control group had 2 minor events. Brace adherence averaged >/=1 hour per day on 43% of days (participant range 0%-78%). For acceptability, satisfaction was rated 70/100 (19). Fourteen interviews identified themes of perceived effectiveness (eg, improved confidence, pain relief), practical challenges to brace wear (eg, fit, clothing compatibility), and integration into daily life (eg, ease of use, social perceptions). The brace showed potential for worthwhile treatment effects for hop performance, and most Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score subscales, but not for kinesiophobia. CONCLUSIONS: A full-scale randomized controlled trial is feasible, as recruitment and retention targets were met, although adherence requires refinement. The brace showed promising functional benefits, supporting further evaluation as a low-burden intervention for young adults with a symptomatic knee post-ACLR. FAU - Savage, Matthew AU - Savage M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-0807-6249 AD - La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Center, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. AD - Australian IOC Research Center, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - Mentiplay, Benjamin F AU - Mentiplay BF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4360-8310 AD - La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Center, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. AD - Australian IOC Research Center, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. AD - Sport and Exercise Science, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - Bruder, Andrea M AU - Bruder AM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5422-5756 AD - La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Center, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. AD - Australian IOC Research Center, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. AD - Department of Physiotherapy, Podiatry and Prosthetics and Orthotics, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - Slater, Harriette AU - Slater H AD - La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Center, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. AD - Australian IOC Research Center, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - Serighelli, Fernanda AU - Serighelli F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0057-8596 AD - La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Center, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. AD - Australian IOC Research Center, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - Couch, Jamon L AU - Couch JL AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-6481-041X AD - La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Center, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. AD - Australian IOC Research Center, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. AD - Arthritis Research Canada, Vancouver, BC, Canada. FAU - Bullock, Laurna AU - Bullock L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4193-1835 AD - Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, School of Medicine, Keele University, Keele, United Kingdom. FAU - Culvenor, Adam G AU - Culvenor AG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9491-0264 AD - La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Center, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. AD - Australian IOC Research Center, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20260511 PL - United States TA - J Sport Rehabil JT - Journal of sport rehabilitation JID - 9206500 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Braces MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction/adverse effects MH - Young Adult MH - Adult MH - Feasibility Studies MH - Patient Satisfaction MH - Adolescent MH - Kinesiophobia MH - *Osteoarthritis, Knee/therapy/etiology MH - Patient Compliance MH - *Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries/surgery OTO - NOTNLM OT - ACL reconstruction OT - hop performance OT - osteoarthritis OT - physical activity OT - physiotherapy EDAT- 2026/05/12 00:32 MHDA- 2026/10/26 23:26 CRDT- 2026/05/11 19:32 PHST- 2025/11/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/26 23:26 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/12 00:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/11 19:32 [entrez] AID - 10.1123/jsr.2025-0430 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Sport Rehabil. 2026 May 11;35(8):641-651. doi: 10.1123/jsr.2025-0430. Print 2026 Nov 1. PMID- 42114063 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260511 LR - 20260813 IS - 2152-7202 (Electronic) IS - 2152-7202 (Linking) VI - 18 DP - 2026 May 11 TI - Theorizing How Context Influences School-Based Interventions That Support Children's Weight Management: Co-Producing a Refined Logic Model. PG - e80309 LID - 10.2196/80309 [doi] LID - e80309 AB - BACKGROUND: Schools can play an important role in supporting child weight management, with evidence suggesting that school-based interventions can be effective, albeit with substantial variation. Part of this variation could reflect the different contexts in which interventions are implemented. Our previous work found that co-production of research and adopting a complex systems model of evidence can be transformative for understanding this context. However, less is known about how co-production helps prioritize elements for exploration or how we should assess the value of co-production in research development. This study addresses these gaps by co-producing a refined logic model (a graphical representation of a theory) of the contextual influencers on school-based weight management to support public health research and policymaking. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to (1) identify critical contextual features to consider when planning school-based weight management interventions targeting the intersection of physical activity, healthy eating, and mental well-being; (2) understand the difference that we, as co-producers, make when working together; and (3) identify learning about the process of producing and refining a logic model. METHODS: Through collaborative workshops, we refined an existing theoretical framework identifying contextual influences. We critically reviewed existing frameworks for evaluating co-production, creating a new evaluation approach for our collaborative practices, complemented by surveys and workshop feedback. RESULTS: Six criteria were identified and applied to refine the original logic model, significantly reducing complexity. The revised model prioritized systemic and policy factors, emphasizing environmental structuring rather than individual behaviors, and incorporated a stronger emphasis on life course factors. We used a tool and process developed specifically for this project, which may have broader utility for other research projects, to understand the value of working together. Many of us recognized that the impacts of the project and working together were unexpected and, for some of us, transformational. Nevertheless, we did identify some factors that could support co-production in future. These included the need for clearer initial discussions on positionalities, role expectations, and autonomy. CONCLUSIONS: Our refined model aligns with broader calls to shift away from narratives centered on personal responsibility in children's health. This research further demonstrates the practical value and feasibility of co-produced theoretical frameworks, effectively reshaping the focus of research from the outset and challenging established assumptions. CI - (c) Dylan Kneale, Rachael C Edwards, Meena Khatwa, Phuong Tu Nguyen, Sajid Saleem, Sylvia Chaires, Lisa Richardson, Vanessa Bennett, Tabitha Evans, Alison O'Mara-Eves. Originally published in Journal of Participatory Medicine (https://jopm.jmir.org). FAU - Kneale, Dylan AU - Kneale D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7016-978X AD - EPPI Centre, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, C/O: 20 Bedford Way, London, WC1H 0AL, United Kingdom, 44 02076126020. FAU - Edwards, Rachael C AU - Edwards RC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4717-7615 AD - EPPI Centre, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, C/O: 20 Bedford Way, London, WC1H 0AL, United Kingdom, 44 02076126020. FAU - Khatwa, Meena AU - Khatwa M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2392-6258 AD - EPPI Centre, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, C/O: 20 Bedford Way, London, WC1H 0AL, United Kingdom, 44 02076126020. FAU - Nguyen, Phuong Tu AU - Nguyen PT AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-6761-0261 AD - Co-Production Collective, UCL Culture, University College London, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Saleem, Sajid AU - Saleem S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6021-077X AD - Co-Production Collective, UCL Culture, University College London, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Chaires, Sylvia AU - Chaires S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-6612-3517 AD - Co-Production Collective, UCL Culture, University College London, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Richardson, Lisa AU - Richardson L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9753-0184 AD - Co-Production Collective, UCL Culture, University College London, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Bennett, Vanessa AU - Bennett V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9710-9042 AD - Co-Production Collective, UCL Culture, University College London, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Evans, Tabitha AU - Evans T AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-6240-0091 AD - EPPI Centre, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, C/O: 20 Bedford Way, London, WC1H 0AL, United Kingdom, 44 02076126020. FAU - O'Mara-Eves, Alison AU - O'Mara-Eves A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0359-6423 AD - EPPI Centre, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, C/O: 20 Bedford Way, London, WC1H 0AL, United Kingdom, 44 02076126020. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260511 PL - Canada TA - J Particip Med JT - Journal of participatory medicine JID - 101539422 PMC - PMC13160485 OTO - NOTNLM OT - children's health OT - co-production OT - logic model OT - prioritisation OT - social determinants of health COIS- Conflicts of Interest: None declared. EDAT- 2026/05/11 18:32 MHDA- 2026/05/11 18:33 PMCR- 2026/05/11 CRDT- 2026/05/11 16:53 PHST- 2025/07/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/11 18:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/11 18:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/11 16:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v18i1e80309 [pii] AID - 80309 [pii] AID - 10.2196/80309 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Particip Med. 2026 May 11;18:e80309. doi: 10.2196/80309. PMID- 42113963 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260511 LR - 20260813 IS - 2561-6722 (Electronic) IS - 2561-6722 (Linking) VI - 9 DP - 2026 May 11 TI - Usability and Acceptability of a Digital Health App to Support Infant Feeding and Lifestyle Behaviors: Mixed Methods Pilot Study. PG - e86139 LID - 10.2196/86139 [doi] LID - e86139 AB - BACKGROUND: Childhood obesity is a global health concern with long-term cardiometabolic and psychosocial consequences. Establishing healthy feeding and lifestyle behaviors from infancy is critical to population health efforts with a life course perspective. Recently, digital health applications have gained traction in reaching out to parents and promoting healthy feeding behaviors. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the usability and acceptability of the Feeding, Lifestyle, Activity Goals app in providing parents with evidence-based guidance and tailored advice to promote healthier eating behaviors and lifestyle habits among infants. METHODS: We conducted a mixed methods pilot study among parents of infants aged 0 to 24 months recruited from a tertiary maternity and children's hospital in Singapore. Participants used the digital health app for 7 days. Usability was assessed using the validated System Usability Scale (score range 0-100, with >/=70 indicating acceptable usability). Acceptability was explored via open-ended questionnaires on satisfaction, relevance, and user experience, with qualitative data analyzed thematically by 2 independent coders to ensure rigor. RESULTS: A total of 26 parents of infants aged 3 weeks to 23 months completed the study. The app demonstrated good usability, with a mean System Usability Scale score of 71.3 (SD 11.0). Parents valued its role in organizing infant care; promoting self-reflection on parenting practices; and providing personalized, evidence-based recommendations. These benefits were particularly appreciated by first-time parents and those with multiple caregiving responsibilities. Challenges included an unintuitive user interface, high manual data entry burden, and advisory content that was occasionally overly general or text heavy. These insights highlight clear priorities for onward efforts in optimization. CONCLUSIONS: Results of our mixed methods evaluation indicate that our digital health app demonstrated good usability and acceptability among parents of infants. Targeted refinements to the interface, data entry processes, and content delivery are warranted before large-scale evaluation to determine its impact on early-life health behaviors and obesity prevention. CI - (c) Madhumitha Ayyappan, Nowel Tan, Sarithra Jayasekaran, Chee Wai Ku, Chengsi Ong, Chua Mei Chien, Jerry Kok Yen Chan, Fabian Yap, See Ling Loy, Daniel Chan. Originally published in JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting (https://pediatrics.jmir.org). FAU - Ayyappan, Madhumitha AU - Ayyappan M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-7474-3028 AD - Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Rd, Singapore, 169857, Singapore, 65 93871908. FAU - Tan, Nowel AU - Tan N AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-3894-344X AD - Department of Paediatrics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Jayasekaran, Sarithra AU - Jayasekaran S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-9889-1639 AD - Endocrinology Service, Department of Paediatrics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Ku, Chee Wai AU - Ku CW AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3719-3005 AD - Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Rd, Singapore, 169857, Singapore, 65 93871908. AD - Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore. AD - SingHealth Duke-NUS Maternal and Child Health Research Institute, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Ong, Chengsi AU - Ong C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5093-2848 AD - Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Rd, Singapore, 169857, Singapore, 65 93871908. AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Mei Chien, Chua AU - Mei Chien C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7471-751X AD - Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Rd, Singapore, 169857, Singapore, 65 93871908. AD - Department of Neonatology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Chan, Jerry Kok Yen AU - Chan JKY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0246-2159 AD - Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Rd, Singapore, 169857, Singapore, 65 93871908. AD - Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore. AD - SingHealth Duke-NUS Maternal and Child Health Research Institute, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Yap, Fabian AU - Yap F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1083-7958 AD - Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Rd, Singapore, 169857, Singapore, 65 93871908. AD - Endocrinology Service, Department of Paediatrics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore. AD - SingHealth Duke-NUS Maternal and Child Health Research Institute, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Loy, See Ling AU - Loy SL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9205-5580 AD - Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Rd, Singapore, 169857, Singapore, 65 93871908. AD - Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore. AD - SingHealth Duke-NUS Maternal and Child Health Research Institute, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Chan, Daniel AU - Chan D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8191-5330 AD - Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Rd, Singapore, 169857, Singapore, 65 93871908. AD - Endocrinology Service, Department of Paediatrics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260511 PL - Canada TA - JMIR Pediatr Parent JT - JMIR pediatrics and parenting JID - 101727244 PMC - PMC13160257 OTO - NOTNLM OT - acceptability OT - childhood obesity OT - early-life behaviors OT - infant feeding OT - mHealth OT - mobile apps OT - mobile health OT - obesity prevention OT - usability COIS- Conflicts of Interest: None declared. EDAT- 2026/05/11 18:32 MHDA- 2026/05/11 18:33 PMCR- 2026/05/11 CRDT- 2026/05/11 14:52 PHST- 2025/10/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/11 18:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/11 18:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/11 14:52 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v9i1e86139 [pii] AID - 86139 [pii] AID - 10.2196/86139 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JMIR Pediatr Parent. 2026 May 11;9:e86139. doi: 10.2196/86139. PMID- 42113776 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260902 IS - 1365-2060 (Electronic) IS - 0785-3890 (Print) IS - 0785-3890 (Linking) VI - 58 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Dec TI - Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding vitamin D among university students in Quzhou, China: a cross-sectional study. PG - 2665503 LID - 10.1080/07853890.2026.2665503 [doi] LID - 2665503 AB - BACKGROUND: Vitamin D deficiency remains common in China, yet recent evidence on university students is limited. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional online survey among 397 undergraduates at Quzhou University from November to December 2025 using convenience sampling. A validated questionnaire assessed vitamin D knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) with pre-specified adequacy thresholds (knowledge >/=6/11; attitude >/=3/5; practice >/=4/7). Associations with good practice were examined using logistic regression; item-level subgroup contrasts were explored by sex, attitude, and monthly pocket money. RESULTS: Awareness of vitamin D, defined as prior recognition of vitamin D, was universal (100%). Only 58.4% (232/397) had adequate knowledge; 66.8% (265/397) had a positive attitude; and 69.5% (276/397) achieved good practice. In multivariable models, women had lower odds of good practice than men (OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.35-0.90); monthly pocket money >/=2000 RMB was associated with higher odds of good practice (OR 3.74, 95% CI 1.70-8.24); and a positive attitude was independently associated with good practice (OR 3.02, 95% CI 1.91-4.79). Knowledge adequacy was not independently associated with practice. Item-level gaps clustered in sun-related behaviors (less daily outdoor walking, <15 min/day exposure, and sun-protection factor use), particularly among women, students with non-positive attitudes, and those with lower pocket money. CONCLUSION: Vitamin D KAP was suboptimal in this single-university sample in China. Practice was associated with sex, attitude, and economic means, but not knowledge adequacy alone. Future practice-oriented strategies may prioritize safe sun exposure, affordable supplementation, and on-campus testing for women, economically disadvantaged students, and students with non-positive attitudes. FAU - Wang, Jian AU - Wang J AD - Department of Gastroenterology, Jiaxing Second Hospital, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Xu, Yanwen AU - Xu Y AD - Department of Neurology, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Wang, Weiguo AU - Wang W AD - Department of Gastroenterology, Jiaxing Second Hospital, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Ma, Cuifang AU - Ma C AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, Zhejiang, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20260511 PL - England TA - Ann Med JT - Annals of medicine JID - 8906388 RN - 1406-16-2 (Vitamin D) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MH - Male MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - China/epidemiology MH - *Students/statistics & numerical data/psychology MH - *Vitamin D Deficiency/epidemiology/prevention & control/psychology MH - *Vitamin D/administration & dosage MH - Young Adult MH - Universities MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Sex Factors PMC - PMC13162561 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Attitudes OT - awareness OT - knowledge OT - practices OT - students OT - vitamin D COIS- This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Quzhou People's Hospital (Approval No. 2025-134). The requirement for written (signed) informed consent was waived by the Ethics Committee due to the anonymous, minimal-risk online survey design; consent was indicated by participants' decision to proceed with the questionnaire after reading the study information. EDAT- 2026/05/11 18:33 MHDA- 2026/05/11 18:34 PMCR- 2026/05/11 CRDT- 2026/05/11 13:33 PHST- 2026/05/11 18:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/11 18:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/11 13:33 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2665503 [pii] AID - 10.1080/07853890.2026.2665503 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Ann Med. 2026 Dec;58(1):2665503. doi: 10.1080/07853890.2026.2665503. Epub 2026 May 11. PMID- 42112945 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260716 IS - 2204-2091 (Electronic) IS - 2204-2091 (Linking) VI - 36 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Jun 25 TI - To what extent is air pollution associated with cardiorespiratory hospitalisations across Australia? A whole-of-population ecological study. LID - PU25054 [pii] LID - 10.1071/PU25054 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES AND IMPORTANCE OF STUDY: This study aimed to examine the extent to which residential ambient air pollution across Australia, globally a relatively low-pollution setting, is associated with cardiovascular and respiratory hospitalisations. STUDY TYPE: A national, cross-sectional, ecological study. METHODS: This whole-of-population study used national air pollution estimates from 2016 and administrative hospitalisation data aggregated across 1155 public health areas from 2016 to 2017, representing 23,236,046 of the Australian population. Population-weighted median concentrations from 2016 of particulate matter 95th percentile or diastolic notching. PE, FGR/SGA, and PTB were recorded. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value were calculated. RESULTS: Of 223 participants enrolled, 74 had both PlGF and UtA measurements. PE occurred in 14/74 (18.9%), FGR/SGA in 22/74 (29.7%), and PTB < 34 weeks in 19/74 (25.6%). PlGF alone detected PE with 71% sensitivity and 37% PPV, FGR/SGA with 68% sensitivity and 60% PPV, and PTB < 34 weeks with 68% sensitivity and 57% PPV. UtA alone had low sensitivity (45%-53%) and PPV (28%-53%). Low PlGF and/or abnormal UtA maximized sensitivity, 86% for PE, 68% for FGR/SGA, and 74% for PTB < 34 weeks, but reduced specificity (57%-60%). Low PlGF plus abnormal UtA improved PPV for FGR/SGA (77%) and PTB < 34 weeks (82%) but had limited sensitivity (36%-47%). CONCLUSIONS: PlGF measurement alone showed superior predictive power for PE, FGR/SGA, and PTB < 34 weeks. UtA Doppler combined with PlGF enhanced sensitivity or raised PPV. Abnormal UtA without low PlGF provided minimal incremental detection. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Author. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Figueiro-Filho, Ernesto A AU - Figueiro-Filho EA AD - Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Saskatchewan, Regina, SK. Electronic address: ernesto.figueiro@usask.ca. FAU - Souza Lira, Adrielle P AU - Souza Lira AP AD - Saskatchewan Health Authority, Regina, SK. FAU - Dietrich, Genevieve M AU - Dietrich GM AD - College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Regina, SK. FAU - Li, YiChen AU - Li Y AD - Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Saskatchewan, Regina, SK. FAU - Matelski, John AU - Matelski J AD - Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Saskatchewan, Regina, SK. FAU - Ramadan, Eman AU - Ramadan E AD - Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Saskatchewan, Regina, SK. FAU - Adanlawo, Adewumi AU - Adanlawo A AD - Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Saskatchewan, Regina, SK. FAU - Pena-Sanchez, Juan-Nicolas AU - Pena-Sanchez JN AD - Department of Community Health & Epidemiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260508 PL - Netherlands TA - J Obstet Gynaecol Can JT - Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada : JOGC = Journal d'obstetrique et gynecologie du Canada : JOGC JID - 101126664 RN - 144589-93-5 (Placenta Growth Factor) RN - 0 (PGF protein, human) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *Placenta Growth Factor/blood MH - *Fetal Growth Retardation/diagnosis/blood MH - *Pre-Eclampsia/diagnosis/blood MH - *Uterine Artery/diagnostic imaging MH - *Premature Birth/diagnosis/blood MH - Prospective Studies MH - Adult MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - Ultrasonography, Doppler MH - Sensitivity and Specificity MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Ultrasonography, Prenatal MH - Infant, Small for Gestational Age OTO - NOTNLM OT - perinatal outcomes OT - placental growth factor OT - prospective cohort OT - test performance OT - uterine artery doppler EDAT- 2026/05/11 00:30 MHDA- 2026/07/04 00:33 CRDT- 2026/05/10 19:14 PHST- 2026/03/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/04 00:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/11 00:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/10 19:14 [entrez] AID - S1701-2163(26)00191-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jogc.2026.103389 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2026 Jul;48(7):103389. doi: 10.1016/j.jogc.2026.103389. Epub 2026 May 8. PMID- 42107458 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260612 LR - 20260612 IS - 1873-1244 (Electronic) IS - 0899-9007 (Linking) VI - 149 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Targeted nutritional counseling improves dietary diversity and body composition in females with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS): A quasi-experimental study. PG - 113232 LID - S0899-9007(26)00140-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.nut.2026.113232 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age. This study aimed to assess the impact of nutritional counseling on dietary diversity and body composition parameters among females with PCOS in Lahore, Pakistan. METHODS: This quasi-experimental prospective intervention study was conducted over 6 months from January 2023 to July 2023 in Lahore, Pakistan. Purposive sampling was done to recruit females diagnosed with PCOS, aged 18 to 30 years (N = 50). A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on PCOS and lifestyle characteristics of the participants. Anthropometric assessments and body composition analyses were performed for each participant. International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to determine physical activity levels, while dietary information was obtained using a pre-validated Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Nutritional counseling was provided at baseline and at 3 months. Follow-up assessments were conducted at 6 months. Dietary diversity scores (DDS) and body composition parameters (pre- and post- intervention) were assessed. Paired sample t-test was applied to compare DDS and body composition parameters before and after intervention. Multivariate regression was applied to determine the independent predictors of body composition. RESULTS: Nutritional counseling had a positive impact on body composition and dietary diversity. DDS improved significantly from 2.94 to 5.10 (P < 0.05). Consequently, a significant improvement was seen in the in-body score, from 62.94 to 64.72. Visceral fat also decreased significantly from 12.74 to 11.74. Multivariate regression showed baseline parameters strongly predicted changes in body composition. CONCLUSION: DDS and body composition improved significantly as a result of nutritional counseling. Individualized nutritional counseling is pertinent to improve overall body composition in females with PCOS by increasing dietary diversity. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Fayyaz, Khadijah AU - Fayyaz K AD - Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan; Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan. FAU - Iqbal, Sanaullah AU - Iqbal S AD - Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan. FAU - Altaf, Imran AU - Altaf I AD - Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan. FAU - Khan, Zahra AU - Khan Z AD - Nutrition and Health Science, School of Science, University of Greenwich, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Shahbaz, Hafiz Muhammad AU - Shahbaz HM AD - Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE. Electronic address: shahbaz@uaeu.ac.ae. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260408 PL - United States TA - Nutrition JT - Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) JID - 8802712 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/diet therapy/physiopathology MH - *Body Composition MH - Adult MH - Young Adult MH - *Counseling/methods MH - Adolescent MH - Prospective Studies MH - *Diet/methods MH - Pakistan MH - Surveys and Questionnaires OTO - NOTNLM OT - Body composition OT - Dietary diversity OT - Nutritional counseling OT - Polycystic ovarian syndrome COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/05/11 00:30 MHDA- 2026/06/12 06:38 CRDT- 2026/05/10 19:09 PHST- 2025/08/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/12 06:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/11 00:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/10 19:09 [entrez] AID - S0899-9007(26)00140-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.nut.2026.113232 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nutrition. 2026 Sep;149:113232. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2026.113232. Epub 2026 Apr 8. PMID- 42107175 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260727 IS - 1879-2219 (Electronic) IS - 0966-6362 (Linking) VI - 128 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Comparison of marker-based and markerless motion capture systems to assess gait kinematics and kinetics in children with cerebral palsy. PG - 110213 LID - S0966-6362(26)00123-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2026.110213 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a leading cause of childhood motor disability and is frequently assessed through clinical gait analysis using marker-based motion capture systems. However, these systems present challenges, such as errors regarding marker placement and soft tissue artifact. Markerless systems are a potential alternative that offer practical and technical benefits to perform gait analysis, by using computer vision and deep learning algorithms to overcome those limitations. RESEARCH QUESTION: are there any differences between the joint angles, moments and powers, using both markerless and marker-based motion capture systems, when assessing gait kinematics and kinetics of children diagnosed with CP? METHODS: Fifteen children diagnosed with Cerebral Palsy (11 males, 4 females, aged 13.66 +/- 1.72 years old) were submitted to a clinical gait analysis, captured with standard marker-based and markerless motion capture systems. The kinematic and kinetic variables were averaged and compared between the systems using RMSD and a two-tail paired sample t-test (alpha=0.05). RESULTS: there is a consistent waveform and good agreement in sagittal plane kinematics, with Root Mean Square Difference (RMSD) < 6.0 masculine, particularly for knee flexion. Nevertheless, hip flexion and pelvic tilt showed systematic offsets, and the transverse plane obtained more inconsistent measurements between the systems (RMSD > 10.0 masculine), except for pelvic rotation. INTERPRETATION: Markerless system exhibits great potential for clinical gait analysis, and results suggest that joint kinematics in the sagittal plane are highly comparable. Accuracy improvements for estimations in other anatomical planes and regarding joint kinetics are still necessary, especially for the use of this technology in clinical settings. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Costa, Raquel AU - Costa R AD - Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande 016, Lisboa 1749-016, Portugal. FAU - Veloso, Antonio AU - Veloso A AD - CIPER-Neuromuscular Biomechanics, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Estrada da Costa, Cruz Quebrada, Dafundo 1499-002, Portugal. FAU - Joao, Filipa AU - Joao F AD - CIPER-Neuromuscular Biomechanics, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Estrada da Costa, Cruz Quebrada, Dafundo 1499-002, Portugal. Electronic address: filipajoao@fmh.ulisboa.pt. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20260507 PL - England TA - Gait Posture JT - Gait & posture JID - 9416830 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Cerebral Palsy/physiopathology MH - *Motion Capture/methods MH - Female MH - Biomechanical Phenomena MH - Male MH - *Gait Analysis/methods MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - Range of Motion, Articular/physiology MH - *Gait/physiology MH - Kinetics MH - Hip Joint/physiopathology MH - *Gait Disorders, Neurologic/physiopathology/etiology MH - Knee Joint/physiopathology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Clinical gait analysis OT - Gait biomechanics OT - Markerless systems accuracy OT - Neurological condition OT - Pose estimation COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/05/11 00:30 MHDA- 2026/05/16 00:37 CRDT- 2026/05/10 18:03 PHST- 2025/11/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/16 00:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/11 00:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/10 18:03 [entrez] AID - S0966-6362(26)00123-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2026.110213 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Gait Posture. 2026 Jul;128:110213. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2026.110213. Epub 2026 May 7. PMID- 42107166 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260614 LR - 20260815 IS - 1532-2157 (Electronic) IS - 0748-7983 (Linking) VI - 52 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Volumetric discordance predicts post-hepatectomy liver failure after major hepatectomy: the false security of measured volumetry. PG - 111856 LID - S0748-7983(26)00475-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ejso.2026.111856 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Standard total liver volume (STLV) equations derived from Western populations may not perform well in Chinese patients. We developed a China-specific STLV equation and evaluated whether discordance between standardized and measured FLR ratios is associated with post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) after major hepatectomy. METHODS: In this retrospective study (March 2017-June 2025), we derived an STLV equation in patients with a normal liver background and internally validated it against the Vauthey equation. In the major hepatectomy cohort, volumetry was obtained from preoperative MRI and postoperative CT. Volumetric discordance was defined as the difference between standardized and measured FLR ratios (Delta), with Delta approximately 0.08 used for stratified analyses. RESULTS: Among 971 patients, overall PHLF was higher in the abnormal-background group, while grade B/C PHLF was similar between groups. The China-specific STLV equation showed lower error and reduced systematic bias versus the Vauthey equation. In the major hepatectomy cohort (Group A n = 65; Group B n = 185; Group C n = 118), overall PHLF occurred in 27.4% and was most frequent in Group A. After adjustment for Child-Pugh grade and ICGR15, the discordance pattern Delta > 0.08 with sFLRV < mFLRV (Group A) remained associated with PHLF (OR 2.54, 95% CI 1.41-4.57). Delta alone had limited discrimination, but performance improved when combined with liver function variables in a multivariable model. CONCLUSIONS: A locally calibrated STLV equation reduces bias in volume standardization. Discordance where standardized FLRV is lower than measured FLRV is associated with higher PHLF risk after major hepatectomy and may refine preoperative risk stratification alongside functional markers. CI - Copyright (c) 2026. Published by Elsevier Ltd. FAU - Ding, Shijie AU - Ding S AD - General surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Hepatobiliary& Pancreatic Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhe Jiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, zhejiang, China; Department of Postgraduate Training, Base Alliance of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Tong, Haihang AU - Tong H AD - General surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Hepatobiliary& Pancreatic Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhe Jiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, zhejiang, China; Department of the Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Xu, Zhenghao AU - Xu Z AD - General surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Hepatobiliary& Pancreatic Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhe Jiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, zhejiang, China; Department of the Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Gao, Yu-Lin AU - Gao YL AD - Hangzhou Dehetang Sanshentai Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinic, Hangzhou, China. FAU - Jin, Liming AU - Jin L AD - General surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Hepatobiliary& Pancreatic Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhe Jiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, zhejiang, China. FAU - Shen, Guo-Liang AU - Shen GL AD - General surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Hepatobiliary& Pancreatic Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhe Jiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, zhejiang, China. FAU - Liu, Junwei AU - Liu J AD - General surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Hepatobiliary& Pancreatic Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhe Jiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, zhejiang, China. FAU - Huang, Jing AU - Huang J AD - Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Yao, Weifeng AU - Yao W AD - General surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Hepatobiliary& Pancreatic Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhe Jiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, zhejiang, China; Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital Bijie Hospital, Bijie, Guizhou, China. Electronic address: joe2118@126.com. FAU - Xiao, Zun-Qiang AU - Xiao ZQ AD - General surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Hepatobiliary& Pancreatic Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhe Jiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, zhejiang, China. Electronic address: zqxiao@zcmu.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260505 PL - England TA - Eur J Surg Oncol JT - European journal of surgical oncology : the journal of the European Society of Surgical Oncology and the British Association of Surgical Oncology JID - 8504356 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Hepatectomy/adverse effects MH - *Liver Failure/etiology/epidemiology MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Female MH - Male MH - Organ Size MH - *Liver Neoplasms/surgery MH - *Postoperative Complications/etiology MH - Middle Aged MH - Magnetic Resonance Imaging MH - Tomography, X-Ray Computed MH - *Liver/diagnostic imaging/pathology MH - China MH - Aged OTO - NOTNLM OT - Future liver remnant OT - Liver volumetry OT - Major hepatectomy OT - Posthepatectomy liver failure OT - Volumetric discordance COIS- Declaration of interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/05/11 00:30 MHDA- 2026/06/15 11:30 CRDT- 2026/05/10 18:03 PHST- 2026/03/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/15 11:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/11 00:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/10 18:03 [entrez] AID - S0748-7983(26)00475-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ejso.2026.111856 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Surg Oncol. 2026 Jul;52(7):111856. doi: 10.1016/j.ejso.2026.111856. Epub 2026 May 5. PMID- 42105725 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260810 IS - 1879-2219 (Electronic) IS - 0966-6362 (Linking) VI - 128 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Wearable inertial sensors for paediatric gait assessment: A systematic review. PG - 110188 LID - S0966-6362(26)00098-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2026.110188 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Instrumented gait analysis is an important tool for evaluating ambulatory function in children with gait impairments, yet conventional laboratory-based systems require specialised facilities and personnel, limiting availability in some settings. Wearable inertial measurement units (IMUs) provide a practical means of capturing gait parameters in clinical and real-world environments. OBJECTIVES: To systematically review the literature on IMU-based gait assessment in children, with a focus on readiness for clinical implementation, examining sensor configurations, reported gait metrics, and experimental methodologies. METHODS: A systematic search of six databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, CINAHL) was conducted to identify English-language studies assessing spatiotemporal, kinematic, or kinetic gait parameters using IMUs in children (<18 years) under typical walking conditions. Two reviewers independently screened studies, extracted data, and evaluated methodological quality using the AXIS tool. RESULTS: Forty-five studies met inclusion criteria. Twenty-eight involved children with gait-affecting conditions (e.g. cerebral palsy). Single-sensor lumbar setups were common for spatiotemporal assessment (e.g. stride-time, cadence and speed), while multi-sensor configurations enabled kinematic analysis. Thirteen studies validated IMU-derived metrics against optical motion capture or pressure-sensitive walkways. Spatiotemporal parameters often showed high agreement with reference standards. Sagittal-plane joint angles demonstrated moderate-to-high accuracy, with poorer accuracy in frontal and transverse planes. Agreement and reliability were lower in children with gait impairments than in typically developing cohorts. Reporting of setup and processing methods was often incomplete. CONCLUSION: IMUs demonstrate strong potential as accessible, cost-effective tools for paediatric gait assessment. Progress toward clinical translation requires standardised reporting, paediatric-focused algorithm development, and broader validation across ages and diagnoses. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Bavan, Luckshman AU - Bavan L AD - The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G1X8, Canada; Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Bloorview Research Institute, 150 Kilgour Road, Toronto, ON M4G 1R8, Canada; Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada. Electronic address: luckshman.bavan@sickkids.ca. FAU - Ng, Kelvin AU - Ng K AD - Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada. FAU - Gardner, Richard AU - Gardner R AD - The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G1X8, Canada; Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Bloorview Research Institute, 150 Kilgour Road, Toronto, ON M4G 1R8, Canada; Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada. FAU - Andrysek, Jan AU - Andrysek J AD - Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Bloorview Research Institute, 150 Kilgour Road, Toronto, ON M4G 1R8, Canada; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada. FAU - Narayanan, Unni AU - Narayanan U AD - The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G1X8, Canada; Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Bloorview Research Institute, 150 Kilgour Road, Toronto, ON M4G 1R8, Canada; Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20260409 PL - England TA - Gait Posture JT - Gait & posture JID - 9416830 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - *Gait Analysis/instrumentation MH - *Wearable Electronic Devices MH - Biomechanical Phenomena MH - *Gait/physiology MH - *Gait Disorders, Neurologic/diagnosis/physiopathology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Gait analysis OT - Inertial measurement units OT - Kinematics OT - Paediatric gait OT - Spatiotemporal parameters OT - Wearable sensors COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/05/10 05:19 MHDA- 2026/05/16 00:37 CRDT- 2026/05/09 18:11 PHST- 2025/11/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/16 00:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/10 05:19 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/09 18:11 [entrez] AID - S0966-6362(26)00098-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2026.110188 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Gait Posture. 2026 Jul;128:110188. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2026.110188. Epub 2026 Apr 9. PMID- 42104686 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260813 IS - 1742-7843 (Electronic) IS - 1742-7835 (Print) IS - 1742-7835 (Linking) VI - 138 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Maternal Dyslipidaemia Aggravates Offspring Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease. PG - e70235 LID - 10.1111/bcpt.70235 [doi] LID - e70235 AB - Paediatric metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and steatohepatitis (MASH) display a distinct and severe histopathology. Maternal metabolic status may program offspring susceptibility to MASLD. This study investigated if maternal dyslipidaemia and low vitamin C (VitC) status influence offspring MASLD using a validated guinea pig model. Thirty female guinea pigs received a low-fat (LF) diet until pregnancy was confirmed, then remained on LF or switched to a high-fat (HF) diet with or without reduced VitC. Offspring were evaluated at birth and after 10 weeks on postweaning HF or LF diets. In dams, HF diet induced dyslipidaemia and elevated hepatic triglycerides and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) compared to LF dams, without causing obesity. Newborns exposed to maternal HF diet showed increased hepatic triglycerides, liver-to-body weight ratio and ALT. By 10 weeks, liver fibrosis and MASLD activity scores were higher in offspring maintained on a postnatal HF diet compared to LF. Notably, offspring viability was markedly reduced on maternal HF diet with low VitC. These findings demonstrate that even short exposure to maternal HF diet, independent of obesity, can adversely affect offspring MASLD risk and highlight the need for early prevention. Additionally, findings support the need to investigate interactions between maternal diet, VitC status and offspring survival. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Nordic Association for the Publication of BCPT (former Nordic Pharmacological Society). FAU - Pedersen, Kamilla AU - Pedersen K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2852-2882 AD - Section of Biomedicine, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark. FAU - Buhl, Sanne Fredslund AU - Buhl SF AD - Section of Biomedicine, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark. FAU - Hojgaard-Jensen, Cecilie AU - Hojgaard-Jensen C AD - Section of Biomedicine, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark. FAU - Lykkesfeldt, Jens AU - Lykkesfeldt J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6514-8407 AD - Section of Biomedicine, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark. FAU - Tveden-Nyborg, Pernille AU - Tveden-Nyborg P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5574-5742 AD - Section of Biomedicine, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark. LA - eng GR - 1001109652/LifePharm Centre for In Vivo Pharmacology/ PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol JT - Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology JID - 101208422 RN - 0 (Triglycerides) RN - EC 2.6.1.2 (Alanine Transaminase) RN - PQ6CK8PD0R (Ascorbic Acid) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Female MH - Guinea Pigs MH - Pregnancy MH - *Dyslipidemias/complications/metabolism MH - *Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects MH - Diet, High-Fat/adverse effects MH - Liver/pathology/metabolism MH - *Fatty Liver/etiology MH - Disease Models, Animal MH - Developmental Origins of Health and Disease MH - *Ascorbic Acid Deficiency/complications MH - Triglycerides/metabolism MH - Diet, Fat-Restricted/adverse effects MH - Alanine Transaminase/metabolism MH - *Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/etiology MH - Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena MH - Animals, Newborn MH - Ascorbic Acid PMC - PMC13156527 OAB - This study investigated if a mother's diet during pregnancy affects her offspring's risk of developing fatty liver disease. Using guinea pigs, which develop fatty liver disease in ways very similar to humans, we showed that a maternal high-fat diet for the second half of pregnancy led to increased liver fat and injury in newborns. When these offspring continued on a high-fat diet after weaning, they developed worse liver disease than those not exposed during pregnancy. Our results suggest that even without maternal obesity, an unhealthy diet during pregnancy may increase the risk of liver disease in offspring. OABL- eng OTO - NOTNLM OT - developmental origins of disease OT - dyslipidaemia OT - guinea pigs OT - steatohepatitis OT - vitamin C COIS- The LifePharm Centre for In Vivo Pharmacology is partly funded by Novo Nordisk, a pharmaceutical company developing treatments for MASLD/MASH. The company was not involved in study design, data collection, analysis, interpretation, manuscript preparation or the decision to publish. EDAT- 2026/05/09 06:33 MHDA- 2026/05/09 06:34 PMCR- 2026/05/09 CRDT- 2026/05/09 02:44 PHST- 2026/03/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/12/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/09 06:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/09 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/09 02:44 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - BCPT70235 [pii] AID - 10.1111/bcpt.70235 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2026 Jun;138(6):e70235. doi: 10.1111/bcpt.70235. PMID- 42104484 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260509 LR - 20260813 IS - 2050-2974 (Print) IS - 2050-2974 (Electronic) IS - 2050-2974 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 8 TI - Validation of the German Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ) in children and adolescents with eating disorders and ADHD. LID - 10.1186/s40337-026-01589-8 [doi] LID - 108 AB - BACKGROUND: The Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ) is an internationally applied, parent-report questionnaire on children's eating behaviors, but has mainly been validated in population-based samples or children with obesity. This study presents a first comprehensive validation of the German version of the CEBQ in a treatment-seeking and community-based sample including anorexia nervosa (AN), avoidant-restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID), loss of control (LOC) eating, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and a healthy control group. METHODS: The German version of the CEBQ was completed by 226 parents of children and adolescents (9 months to 17 years) in Germany and Switzerland. Factorial, convergent, and discriminant validity, internal consistency, as well as sociodemographic correlates were assessed, using objectively measured anthropometrics and well-established clinical interviews and questionnaires on eating disorders and associated psychopathology in parent- and self-report. RESULTS: The original 8-factor structure showed acceptable model fit and acceptable to excellent internal consistency. Convergent validity was mostly supported by weight status and interview- and questionnaire-measured eating behaviors. The CEBQ subscales differentiated between groups associated with overeating (ADHD, LOC eating) versus restrictive eating (ARFID and AN). CONCLUSION: The results support the German version of the CEBQ as a valid and reliable tool for assessing eating behavior in youth with eating disorders and ADHD. Future research using larger and age-specific samples should examine psychometric comparability across developmental stages and may provide norms for the CEBQ to enhance its utility as a screening tool. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Ulbrich, Julia AU - Ulbrich J AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-2949-6675 AD - Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Behavioral Medicine Research Unit, Integrated Research and Treatment Center AdiposityDiseases, Leipzig University Medical Center, Philipp-Rosenthal- Strasse 55, 04103, Leipzig, Germany. julia.ulbrich@medizin.uni-leipzig.de. FAU - Hilbert, Anja AU - Hilbert A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2775-1296 AD - Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Behavioral Medicine Research Unit, Integrated Research and Treatment Center AdiposityDiseases, Leipzig University Medical Center, Philipp-Rosenthal- Strasse 55, 04103, Leipzig, Germany. AD - German Center for Child and Adolescent Health (DZKJ), partner site Leipzig/Dresden, Leipzig, Germany. FAU - Munsch, Simone AU - Munsch S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6187-8912 AD - Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland. AD - Food Research and Innovation Center, Cluster Food and Mental Health/Psychology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland. FAU - Schmidt, Ricarda AU - Schmidt R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7794-2897 AD - Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Behavioral Medicine Research Unit, Integrated Research and Treatment Center AdiposityDiseases, Leipzig University Medical Center, Philipp-Rosenthal- Strasse 55, 04103, Leipzig, Germany. AD - German Center for Child and Adolescent Health (DZKJ), partner site Leipzig/Dresden, Leipzig, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260508 PL - England TA - J Eat Disord JT - Journal of eating disorders JID - 101610672 PMC - PMC13156854 OAB - The Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ) is an internationally used questionnaire completed by parents to describe different eating behaviors in children. This study tested whether the German version of the questionnaire is suitable not only for healthy children or children with obesity, as shown previously, but also for children and adolescents with eating disorders or eating difficulties, such as anorexia nervosa (AN), avoidant-restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID), loss of control (LOC) eating, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). A total of 226 parents of children and adolescents in Germany and Switzerland completed the questionnaire. The results, as expected, showed that the questionnaire measured eight aspects of eating behavior in a reliable and consistent way. The parents' answers corresponded well with the children's weight and information from clinical interviews and conceptually related questionnaires. The CEBQ also revealed differences between groups of children or adolescents who tend to overeat (ADHD, LOC eating) compared to those who restrict their eating (ARFID and AN). Overall, the findings provide support for the German CEBQ as a useful tool for assessing eating behaviors in youth across clinical groups, including eating disorders and ADHD. OABL- eng OTO - NOTNLM OT - ADHD OT - Assessment OT - Child eating behavior questionnaire (CEBQ) OT - Eating disorders OT - Factor analysis OT - Psychometric properties OT - Validation COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The studies were approved by the local Ethics Committees (Leipzig, Germany/ Fribourg, Switzerland), and informed consent and assent was provided by parents and children >/= 8 years old. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/09 00:34 MHDA- 2026/05/09 00:35 PMCR- 2026/05/08 CRDT- 2026/05/08 23:54 PHST- 2025/10/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/09 00:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/09 00:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/08 23:54 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s40337-026-01589-8 [pii] AID - 1589 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s40337-026-01589-8 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Eat Disord. 2026 May 8;14(1):108. doi: 10.1186/s40337-026-01589-8. PMID- 42104437 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260702 LR - 20260813 IS - 1868-7083 (Electronic) IS - 1868-7075 (Print) IS - 1868-7075 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 8 TI - Body mass index, physical activity, and epigenetic aging: a cross-population study. LID - 10.1186/s13148-026-02149-2 [doi] LID - 127 AB - BACKGROUND: Observational studies have suggested that body mass index (BMI) is associated with accelerated epigenetic aging; however, the age at which this association begins and the duration of its effects have not been fully established. This study evaluated the effects of BMI and physical activity on epigenetic aging from early life to adulthood. METHODS: We integrated multi-source data from populations of different racial backgrounds, including genome-wide association study (GWAS) data, the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), clinical visceral adipose tissue, and blood samples from obese and physically active populations. Specifically, Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was used to infer the causal relationship between early-life BMI and epigenetic age acceleration and to identify potential mediators. NHANES data were then analyzed to validate this association at the population level. Finally, biomarkers in blood and adipose tissue were examined to assess whether physical activity is associated with reduced aging-related signatures. RESULTS: The Mendelian randomization analyses indicated that high early-life BMI was causally associated with accelerated epigenetic aging across multiple epigenetic clocks, with beta ranging from 0.231 to 0.506; similar associations were also observed for childhood obesity, with beta ranging from 0.139 to 0.231. Physical activity was identified as an important mediator that attenuated epigenetic aging acceleration, with mediation effects accounting for 10.70% to 16.22%. Analysis of the NHANES dataset further confirmed that epigenetic age acceleration increases progressively with increasing BMI: [25 /= 40: beta = 4.64, 95% CI (4.30, 4.99)]. Subgroup analysis showed that, at the same BMI level, female exhibited more severe PhenoAA acceleration than male. Validation using multi-tissue samples showed that obesity accelerates DNA damage and significantly upregulates genes involved in cell cycle regulation. Physical activity significantly inhibited the upregulation of aging-related genes and reduced oxidative stress. CONCLUSION: BMI is strongly associated with accelerated epigenetic aging. This association is evident in children with obesity, becomes stronger with higher BMI, and is also observed in adults, whereas physical activity may partially attenuate this process. Trial registration Name of the registry: China-Japan Friendship Hospital National Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Medical Center. Unique identifying number or registration ID: NCT06452303. Hyperlink to your specific registration (must be publicly accessible and will be checked): https://www.centerwatch.com/clinical-trials/listings/NCT06452303/the-patient-cohort-for-bariatric-surgery . CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Zhou, Bojun AU - Zhou B AD - Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100091, Beijing, China. AD - Department of General Surgery and Obesity and Metabolic Disease Center, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, Beijing, China. FAU - Wu, Dongzhe AU - Wu D AD - Department of General Surgery and Obesity and Metabolic Disease Center, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, Beijing, China. FAU - Chen, Shuting AU - Chen S AD - Department of General Surgery and Obesity and Metabolic Disease Center, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, Beijing, China. AD - School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100091, Beijing, China. FAU - Zhang, Shiyan AU - Zhang S AD - Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100091, Beijing, China. AD - Department of General Surgery and Obesity and Metabolic Disease Center, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, Beijing, China. FAU - Ge, Xiaochuan AU - Ge X AD - Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100091, Beijing, China. AD - Department of General Surgery and Obesity and Metabolic Disease Center, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, Beijing, China. FAU - Li, Jiaming AU - Li J AD - Department of General Surgery and Obesity and Metabolic Disease Center, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, Beijing, China. FAU - Zhu, Lianghao AU - Zhu L AD - Key Laboratory of Competitive Sport Psychological and Psychological Regulation, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, 300211, Tianjin, China. FAU - Zhou, Shijie AU - Zhou S AD - School of Laboratory Medicine and School of Biological Engineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang, 310059, Hangzhou, China. FAU - Chang, Ninghao AU - Chang N AD - The High School Affiliated to Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100051, Beijing, China. FAU - Zhou, Biao AU - Zhou B AD - Department of General Surgery and Obesity and Metabolic Disease Center, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, Beijing, China. zhoubiao327@163.com. FAU - Zhang, Lei AU - Zhang L AD - Department of Oncology, Sinopharm Tongmei General Hospital, Shanxi, 037000, Datong, China. zhanglei412625@163.com. FAU - Meng, Hua AU - Meng H AD - Department of General Surgery and Obesity and Metabolic Disease Center, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, Beijing, China. menghuade@hotmail.com. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT06452303 GR - 82470857/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - 7242125/Beijing Natural Science Foundation/ PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260508 PL - Germany TA - Clin Epigenetics JT - Clinical epigenetics JID - 101516977 SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Child MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - *Aging/genetics MH - *Body Mass Index MH - DNA Methylation MH - *Epigenesis, Genetic MH - *Exercise/physiology MH - Genome-Wide Association Study/methods MH - Mendelian Randomization Analysis/methods MH - Nutrition Surveys MH - Obesity/genetics PMC - PMC13326471 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Aging clock OT - Body mass index OT - Epigenetics OT - Physical activity COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: All the cohorts and samples involved in the study adhered to national and international guidelines, including the Deontological Code and the Declaration of Helsinki, and complied with current personal data protection regulations. The research using publicly available data was approved by the relevant authorities, with all participants having provided informed consent. For the multi-biomarker studies, ethical approval was obtained from China-Japan Friendship Hospital and Beijing Sport University, and all participants signed informed consent forms (Ethics approval number: 2021-112-K70). Consent for publication: Written informed consent for publication was obtained from every patient; for minors, consent was secured from their parents or legal guardians. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/09 00:33 MHDA- 2026/07/02 06:40 PMCR- 2026/05/08 CRDT- 2026/05/08 23:52 PHST- 2026/01/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/02 06:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/09 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/08 23:52 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s13148-026-02149-2 [pii] AID - 2149 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s13148-026-02149-2 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Clin Epigenetics. 2026 May 8;18(1):127. doi: 10.1186/s13148-026-02149-2. PMID- 42103989 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20261010 IS - 1432-1076 (Electronic) IS - 0340-6199 (Linking) VI - 185 IP - 6 DP - 2026 May 8 TI - Pediatric continuous reference intervals of coronary artery diameter by echocardiography in healthy Chinese children population. LID - 373 [pii] LID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07012-3 [doi] AB - The aim of this study was to establish body surface area (BSA)-dependent Z-score continuous reference intervals of coronary artery diameter measured by Echocardiography in healthy Chinese children population. Echocardiography measured 1221 healthy Chinese children's coronary artery diameters, including the LMCA, LAD, LCX, RCA-pro, RCA-mid, and RCA-dis. We employed the LMS (Lambda-Mu-Sigma) method for the model and the Haycock equation for the BSA estimation. The coronary artery diameter Z-score continuous reference intervals were established using the LMS method and passed the internal and external validation. CONCLUSIONS: The study outcome provides BSA-dependent Z-score continuous reference intervals for the coronary artery diameters in healthy Chinese children. There is a web Z-score calculator with convenient application for clinicians and ultrasound doctors, facilitating subsequent external validations in a larger population. WHAT IS KNOWN: * Echocardiography is the primary non‑invasive modality for assessing coronary artery (CA) diameter in children, and body surface area (BSA)‑dependent Z‑scores provide a more objective evaluation than absolute values. * The LMS (Lambda‑Mu‑Sigma) method is an internationally accepted approach for establishing continuous reference intervals, as used in the WHO child growth standards. WHAT IS NEW: * This study establishes BSA‑dependent Z‑score continuous reference intervals for six coronary artery segments (LMCA, LAD, LCX, RCA‑pro, RCA‑mid, RCA‑dis) specifically in healthy Chinese children aged 0 days to 18 years. * It provides a validated, LMS‑based model along with an online Z‑score calculator and a fully reproducible computational procedure, addressing the lack of updated, ethnicity‑specific continuous reference intervals for the Chinese pediatric population. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Zheng, Lin AU - Zheng L AD - Department of Echocardiography, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China. FAU - Peng, Ya-Guang AU - Peng YG AD - Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China. FAU - Yang, Jiao AU - Yang J AD - Department of Echocardiography, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China. FAU - Li, Jing-Ya AU - Li JY AD - Department of Echocardiography, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China. FAU - Zhang, Xin AU - Zhang X AD - Department of Echocardiography, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China. FAU - Sun, Yan AU - Sun Y AD - Department of Echocardiography, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China. FAU - Liu, Guo-Wen AU - Liu GW AD - Department of Echocardiography, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China. FAU - Ma, Ning AU - Ma N AD - Department of Echocardiography, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China. echo_mn@163.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260508 PL - Germany TA - Eur J Pediatr JT - European journal of pediatrics JID - 7603873 RN - Chinese people SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - Male MH - Body Surface Area MH - China MH - *Coronary Vessels/diagnostic imaging/anatomy & histology MH - *Echocardiography/methods MH - Reference Values MH - East Asian People OTO - NOTNLM OT - Z-score OT - Continuous reference intervals OT - Coronary artery OT - KD OT - LMS method COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/09 00:33 MHDA- 2026/05/09 00:34 CRDT- 2026/05/08 23:22 PHST- 2025/11/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/09 00:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/09 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/08 23:22 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07012-3 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00431-026-07012-3 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Eur J Pediatr. 2026 May 8;185(6):373. doi: 10.1007/s00431-026-07012-3. PMID- 42102668 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260613 LR - 20260721 IS - 1532-3102 (Electronic) IS - 0143-4004 (Linking) VI - 181 DP - 2026 Jun 24 TI - A clinically oriented scoring system for placental pathology tested in late-onset fetal growth restriction and small-for-gestational-age pregnancies. PG - 72-87 LID - S0143-4004(26)00141-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.placenta.2026.04.018 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is thought to originate from placental insufficiency, but late-onset FGR fetuses often lack signs of impaired uteroplacental circulation in Doppler sonography and distinction from small for gestational age (SGA) is challenging. SGA fetuses are often mistaken for constitutionally small and healthy. We aimed to investigate placental pathology in late-onset FGR and SGA compared to controls and to validate a novel semiquantitative scoring system for its clinical utility. METHODS: In this prospective cohort study of singleton pregnancies >/=32 weeks, placentas from late-onset SGA were examined in comparison to controls. The SGA cohort was subdivided into FGR (birthweight <3rd percentile and/or pathological Doppler) and SGA 3rd-10th percentile (remaining cases with normal Doppler). Placental pathology was assessed based on the Amsterdam Criteria. RESULTS: A total of 41 placentas were evaluated (13 FGR, 10 SGA 3rd-10th and 18 controls). FGR placentas showed higher cumulative scores and more frequently morphological signs of placental insufficiency, while SGA 3rd-10th and controls mostly showed lesions with compensatory changes. Maternal vascular malperfusion (MVM) lesions were observed in 100% of FGR, 80% of SGA 3rd-10th and 27.8% of control placentas. CONCLUSION: This study reveals a high prevalence of placental lesions, particularly MVM, in late-onset FGR pregnancies, but also in late-onset SGA without Doppler abnormalities. The novel scoring system shows promise as a practical tool for reproducible placental evaluation and may improve postnatal identification of clinically significant placental insufficiency. These findings underline the importance of routine placental examination and the need for further standardization of diagnostic criteria. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Bonke-Falcao, Mariana AU - Bonke-Falcao M AD - TUM University Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, Munich, 81675, Germany. FAU - Markert, Udo R AU - Markert UR AD - Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, Jena, 07747, Germany. FAU - Lobmaier, Silvia M AU - Lobmaier SM AD - TUM University Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, Munich, 81675, Germany. Electronic address: silvia.lobmaier@tum.de. FAU - Turowski, Gitta AU - Turowski G AD - Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital-Ulleval, Kirkeveien 166, Oslo, 0450, Norway. LA - eng GR - Non-US Government Research Support type/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260424 PL - Netherlands TA - Placenta JT - Placenta JID - 8006349 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *Fetal Growth Retardation/pathology/diagnostic imaging MH - *Infant, Small for Gestational Age MH - *Placenta/pathology MH - Prospective Studies MH - Adult MH - Placental Insufficiency/pathology MH - Ultrasonography, Prenatal MH - Infant, Newborn OTO - NOTNLM OT - FGR OT - MVM OT - Placental insufficiency OT - Placental pathology OT - SGA OT - Scoring system COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/09 00:34 MHDA- 2026/06/15 11:33 CRDT- 2026/05/08 18:10 PHST- 2026/02/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/15 11:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/09 00:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/08 18:10 [entrez] AID - S0143-4004(26)00141-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.placenta.2026.04.018 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Placenta. 2026 Jun 24;181:72-87. doi: 10.1016/j.placenta.2026.04.018. Epub 2026 Apr 24. PMID- 42102665 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260527 LR - 20260528 IS - 1879-0739 (Electronic) IS - 0271-5317 (Linking) VI - 150 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Moderate coffee intake does not significantly affect short-term bioelectrical impedance measurements in healthy women. PG - 62-71 LID - S0271-5317(26)00041-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.nutres.2026.04.002 [doi] AB - Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a widely used, noninvasive method for assessing body composition. However, its sensitivity to acute changes in water consumption and coffee intake raises concerns about measurement reliability. This study hypothesized that the short-term consumption of 200 mL caffeinated or decaffeinated coffee would result in measurable changes in BIA-derived body composition parameters compared to water intake. Twenty-seven healthy female participants (aged 18-35 years; body mass index 18.5-29.9 kg/m(2)) were randomly assigned to one of three groups: caffeinated coffee, decaffeinated coffee, or water (n = 9 per group). After all groups consumed 200 mL of the assigned beverage, BIA measurements were performed at baseline, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes using the InBody 270 analyzer. Nonparametric tests (Kruskal-Wallis, Friedman) and Quade ANCOVA were applied to assess between- and within-group differences, adjusting for baseline values. Significant within-group changes were observed in body weight and body mass index across all groups (P < .05). Between-group differences emerged in fat mass, fat percentage, and body mass index at multiple time points (P < .05); however, none remained significant after adjusting for baseline using Quade ANCOVA (all P > .05). Notably, several parameters showed medium to large effect sizes, despite nonsignificant P values. Under controlled conditions, moderate caffeine intake ( approximately 95 to 100 mg) or 200 mL fluid volume does not induce significant short-term alterations in BIA-derived body composition in healthy women. Visual trends suggest transient fluctuations within the first 60 minutes, though these were not clinically meaningful. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Sabuncular, Guleren AU - Sabuncular G AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Marmara University, Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkiye. Electronic address: guleren.sabuncular@marmara.edu.tr. FAU - Agopyan, Ani AU - Agopyan A AD - Training and Movement Science, Department of Coaching Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Acikgoz, Ayse AU - Acikgoz A AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Marmara University, Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Karatay, Habibe Nur AU - Karatay HN AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Marmara University, Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Ali Ozturk, Muhammet AU - Ali Ozturk M AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Marmara University, Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Yildiz, Ruveyda Gulce AU - Yildiz RG AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Marmara University, Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Aktac, Sule AU - Aktac S AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Marmara University, Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20260413 PL - United States TA - Nutr Res JT - Nutrition research (New York, N.Y.) JID - 8303331 RN - 0 (Coffee) RN - 3G6A5W338E (Caffeine) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Coffee/chemistry MH - Adult MH - *Electric Impedance MH - Young Adult MH - *Caffeine/pharmacology/administration & dosage MH - *Body Composition/drug effects MH - Adolescent MH - Body Mass Index MH - Drinking MH - Body Weight MH - Reproducibility of Results OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bioelectrical impedance analysis OT - Body composition OT - Caffeinated coffee OT - Decaffeinated coffee OT - Water COIS- Author declarations The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/09 00:34 MHDA- 2026/05/28 00:29 CRDT- 2026/05/08 18:10 PHST- 2025/08/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/28 00:29 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/09 00:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/08 18:10 [entrez] AID - S0271-5317(26)00041-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.nutres.2026.04.002 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nutr Res. 2026 Jun;150:62-71. doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2026.04.002. Epub 2026 Apr 13. PMID- 42102276 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260901 IS - 2561-326X (Electronic) IS - 2561-326X (Linking) VI - 10 DP - 2026 May 8 TI - Feasibility of Integrating Wearable Devices and Ecological Momentary Assessment for Real-Time Environmental Exposure Estimation: Proof-of-Concept Study. PG - e86615 LID - 10.2196/86615 [doi] LID - e86615 AB - BACKGROUND: Environmental exposures such as heat and air pollution are critical determinants of health, yet traditional assessment methods rely on stationary monitors or residential address proxies that fail to capture the exposures that individuals experience throughout the day. OBJECTIVE: This pilot study aimed to assess the feasibility of integrating ecological momentary assessment (EMA), wearable devices, and continuous GPS tracking to capture real-time environmental exposures and to explore associations with concurrent health outcomes. METHODS: In total, 7 young adults (aged approximately 16 to 24 years; 5/7, 71% female) wore Fitbit Charge 6 watches from July 2025 to August 2025 (mean 28.1, SD 1.1 days), recording sleep quality and duration, resting heart rate, breathing rate, heart rate variability, and physical activity. GPS location measured at up to 5-minute intervals (mean 19.7, SD 25.8 measurements per day) was linked to ambient temperature, humidity, and air pollution data (particulate matter <2.5 um or <10 um in diameter, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, ozone, and carbon monoxide) derived from monitoring stations, satellites, and climate models using data-integration algorithms accessed via an application programming interface. EMA surveys administered 3 times per day captured participants' emotional states and location (inside or outside). Feasibility targets were >/=3 GPS measurements per day, >/=1 survey completed per day, and complete sleep data on >/=50% of days. We examined exploratory bivariate correlations between environmental exposures, physiological measures, and self-reported mood, adjusting for multiple comparisons using false discovery rate correction. RESULTS: Of the 7 participants, 5 (71%) met predefined feasibility targets. Mean compliance included 565 (SD 457) GPS coordinates per participant, 1.4 (SD 0.2) EMA surveys per day, and complete Fitbit sleep data on 64% (SD 27%) of days. Surveys identified barriers to compliance, including perceived complexity of the system and forgetting to put the Fitbit watch back on after removing it. Exploratory correlations (6/7, 86% of participants with complete Fitbit data) revealed associations between nitrogen dioxide and heat exposure and reduced heart rate variability (a marker of parasympathetic tone), and between air pollutants (sulfur dioxide) and increased negative emotions. Heat exposure showed a paradoxical pattern of lower self-reported sadness but reduced heart rate variability with higher levels of heat exposure. Given the small sample size, these correlations should be considered preliminary and hypothesis generating rather than definitive findings. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that the multimodal integration of wearable devices, GPS tracking, and EMA is feasible for capturing real-time environmental exposures and concurrent health outcomes in young adults. This approach addresses critical exposure misclassification issues in environmental health research that relies on residential addresses as proxies. Preliminary patterns suggest complex relationships between environmental exposures and both physiological and emotional outcomes, warranting further investigation in larger, more diverse samples. This approach could inform future personalized environmental health interventions. CI - (c) Sameera Ramjan, Rung-Yu Tseng, Katherine Davey, Ahmed Duke Shereen, Yoko Nomura. Originally published in JMIR Formative Research (https://formative.jmir.org). FAU - Ramjan, Sameera AU - Ramjan S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4311-5353 AD - Department of Psychology, Queens College, CUNY, 65-30 Kissena Blvd, Flushing, NY, 11367, United States, 1 718-997-3164. AD - Department of Psychology, The Graduate Center, CUNY, New York, NY, United States. FAU - Blum, Melissa AU - Blum M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5372-9004 AD - Department of Psychology, Queens College, CUNY, 65-30 Kissena Blvd, Flushing, NY, 11367, United States, 1 718-997-3164. AD - Department of Environmental Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. FAU - Tseng, Rung-Yu AU - Tseng RY AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-9779-8280 AD - Department of Psychology, Queens College, CUNY, 65-30 Kissena Blvd, Flushing, NY, 11367, United States, 1 718-997-3164. AD - Department of Psychology, The Graduate Center, CUNY, New York, NY, United States. AD - CUNY Advanced Science Research Center, New York, NY, United States. FAU - Davey, Katherine AU - Davey K AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-5315-2505 AD - CUNY Advanced Science Research Center, New York, NY, United States. FAU - Shereen, Ahmed Duke AU - Shereen AD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2293-5611 AD - Department of Psychology, The Graduate Center, CUNY, New York, NY, United States. AD - CUNY Advanced Science Research Center, New York, NY, United States. FAU - Nomura, Yoko AU - Nomura Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2143-3257 AD - Department of Psychology, Queens College, CUNY, 65-30 Kissena Blvd, Flushing, NY, 11367, United States, 1 718-997-3164. AD - Department of Environmental Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. AD - CUNY Advanced Science Research Center, New York, NY, United States. AD - Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20260508 PL - Canada TA - JMIR Form Res JT - JMIR formative research JID - 101726394 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Wearable Electronic Devices/standards/statistics & numerical data MH - Female MH - *Ecological Momentary Assessment MH - Feasibility Studies MH - *Environmental Exposure/analysis/statistics & numerical data MH - Pilot Projects MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - Proof of Concept Study MH - Digital Health PMC - PMC13155499 OTO - NOTNLM OT - air pollution OT - autonomic nervous system OT - digital health OT - eHealth OT - ecological momentary assessment OT - electronic health OT - environmental exposures OT - exposomics OT - geographic information systems OT - heat OT - mHealth OT - mental health OT - mobile health OT - mood OT - wearable devices COIS- Conflicts of Interest: None declared. EDAT- 2026/05/08 18:33 MHDA- 2026/05/08 18:34 PMCR- 2026/05/08 CRDT- 2026/05/08 14:42 PHST- 2025/11/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/08 18:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/08 18:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/08 14:42 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v10i1e86615 [pii] AID - 86615 [pii] AID - 10.2196/86615 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JMIR Form Res. 2026 May 8;10:e86615. doi: 10.2196/86615. PMID- 42102099 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260813 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 5 DP - 2026 TI - Research on the development and differentiation of the physical literacy scale for Chinese college students. PG - e0348776 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0348776 [doi] LID - e0348776 AB - OBJECTIVES: To understand the current status and characteristics of physical literacy among Chinese college students, develop a measurement scale suitable for this population, and provide an appropriate assessment tool for related research. METHODS: The Delphi method and a questionnaire survey were initially employed to screen and evaluate the reliability and validity of 53 preliminary items. Subsequently, the finalized measurement tool, which had been assessed for reliability, was administered to 3,077 Chinese college students via a questionnaire survey to identify population variation characteristics. RESULTS: Following a systematic screening process, the reliability coefficients for the four dimensions ranged from 0.731 to 0.821, and a reliable measurement tool for assessing physical literacy among Chinese college students was established. The final scale comprises four dimensions-physical activity capacity, physical activity behavior, physical activity cognition, and emotional experience-with a total of 32 items. The survey revealed significant differences in physical literacy among Chinese college students across the following dimensions: gender (t = 24.914, P < 0.001), household registration (t = 11.464, P < 0.001), grade (F = 30.811, P < 0.001), university category (F = 17.305, P < 0.001), and university district (F = 4.957, P < 0.01). Furthermore, significant differences were observed to varying degrees across all four dimensions-physical activity capacity, physical activity behavior, physical activity cognition, and emotional experience. CONCLUSION: The developed Physical Literacy Scale for Chinese College Students is suitable for research targeting this population. The survey revealed significant differences in physical literacy levels among Chinese college students based on gender, grade, household registration, university category, and university district. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Ni, Yu. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Ni, Rongjing AU - Ni R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6133-9743 AD - Physical Education Institute, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China. FAU - Yu, Ying AU - Yu Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0810-3886 AD - Physical Education Institute, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260508 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Students/psychology MH - Female MH - Male MH - Universities MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - China MH - Young Adult MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Adolescent MH - *Exercise MH - Adult MH - *Health Literacy PMC - PMC13155614 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/05/08 18:33 MHDA- 2026/05/08 18:34 PMCR- 2026/05/08 CRDT- 2026/05/08 13:43 PHST- 2025/12/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/08 18:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/08 18:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/08 13:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-25-65782 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0348776 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 May 8;21(5):e0348776. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0348776. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42102058 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260818 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 5 DP - 2026 TI - Prevalence, diagnostic methods, and clinical outcomes of wasting/cachexia among pediatric cancer patients in Africa: A protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. PG - e0349113 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0349113 [doi] LID - e0349113 AB - INTRODUCTION: Pediatric cancer is an emerging public health priority in Africa, where survival rates remain critically low compared to high-income regions. Malnutrition; specifically wasting and cachexia; is the most prevalent, yet modifiable comorbidity that compromises treatment tolerance and increases mortality. Recent primary studies from 2025 indicate a significant discrepancy between wasting diagnosed via clinical assessment versus anthropometrically defined wasting, suggesting a "hidden burden" of malnutrition in African oncology wards. However, no comprehensive synthesis of data exists regarding the prevalence of wasting across the continent using modern assessment standards, nor its specific impact on clinical outcomes in the current treatment era. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We will conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies (cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control) published from January 1, 2000, to the present. Data sources will include PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science and CINAHL. We will include studies involving children and adolescents (0-19 years) diagnosed with malignancies in African healthcare settings. Two independent reviewers will screen studies, extract data, and assess risk of bias using Covidence systematic review software. The risk of bias will be assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tools. The primary outcome will be the pooled prevalence of wasting/cachexia. Secondary outcomes will include diagnostic accuracy of assessment methods (such as Mid-Upper Arm Circumference [MUAC] vs. Weight-for-Height vs. clinical assessment) and associations with adverse clinical events (neutropenia, sepsis, treatment abandonment, and mortality). A random-effects meta-analysis will be performed using R software. Heterogeneity will be assessed using the I2 statistic and explored via subgroup analyses (region, tumor type, and assessment tool). ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethical approval is not required as this study relies on secondary data. Findings will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed publication and conference presentations to inform nutritional guidelines for pediatric oncology in resource-limited settings. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: Registration Number: CRD420251237859. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Pitua et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Pitua, Ivaan AU - Pitua I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0768-1315 AD - School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda. FAU - Wannyana, Daisy AU - Wannyana D AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-4401-5225 AD - Faculty of Health Sciences, Victoria University, Kampala, Uganda. FAU - Abila, Derrick Bary AU - Abila DB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6763-5612 AD - Uganda Child Cancer Foundation, Kampala, Uganda. AD - Uganda Cancer Institute, Kampala, Uganda. FAU - Bongomin, Felix AU - Bongomin F AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gulu University, Gulu, Uganda. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260508 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Systematic Reviews as Topic MH - *Neoplasms/complications/epidemiology MH - Meta-Analysis as Topic MH - Child MH - Prevalence MH - *Cachexia/epidemiology/diagnosis/etiology MH - Africa/epidemiology MH - Adolescent MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Wasting Syndrome/epidemiology/diagnosis MH - Infant MH - Female MH - Research Design PMC - PMC13155595 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/05/08 18:33 MHDA- 2026/05/08 18:34 PMCR- 2026/05/08 CRDT- 2026/05/08 13:36 PHST- 2025/11/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/08 18:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/08 18:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/08 13:36 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-25-63072 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0349113 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 May 8;21(5):e0349113. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0349113. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42101376 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260710 LR - 20260813 IS - 1542-4758 (Electronic) IS - 1492-7535 (Print) IS - 1492-7535 (Linking) VI - 30 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Bioelectrical Impedance in Pediatric Dialysis: Clinical Applications, Limitations, and Opportunities. PG - 486-498 LID - 10.1111/hdi.70073 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Optimizing fluid and nutritional management is a cornerstone of care for children with end-stage kidney disease on dialysis. Inaccurate assessment of hydration status contributes to hypertension, fluid overload, and increased cardiovascular risk, while masking important changes in muscle and fat compartments that affect growth and long-term outcomes. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) offers clinicians a noninvasive, rapid, and practical tool to support decision-making in this setting. AIMS: This review aims to provide clinicians with a practical framework for the use of BIA in pediatric dialysis, including its clinical applications, limitations, and opportunities for integration into routine care. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A narrative review of the literature was conducted, and findings were synthesized focusing on the principles of BIA, device technologies, and clinical studies evaluating its use in pediatric dialysis populations. Emphasis was placed on studies addressing fluid assessment, body composition, and clinical implementation. Adult literature was included where pediatric literature was lacking. RESULTS: Available evidence suggests BIA can provide useful estimates of total body water, fat mass, and lean tissue that may support ultrafiltration strategies, nutritional assessment, and longitudinal monitoring. Key limitations include variability related to growth, delayed maturation, obesity, malnutrition, and reliance on adult-derived prediction equations. Current evidence supports BIA as an adjunctive tool integrated with clinical assessment rather than a standalone measure. DISCUSSION: BIA may enhance individualized fluid and nutritional management when interpreted within the clinical context and standardized measurement protocols. Broader implementation requires awareness of pediatric-specific limitations, interdisciplinary interpretation, and cautious use of device-derived estimates. CONCLUSION: BIA is a practical adjunct for pediatric dialysis care with potential to improve fluid management and nutritional monitoring. Pediatric-specific validation studies, standardized protocols, and integration with clinical outcomes is needed to optimize its utility. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Hemodialysis International published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Society for Hemodialysis. FAU - Juarez-Calderon, Marisa AU - Juarez-Calderon M AD - Department of Renal & Pheresis Services, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA. FAU - Geer, Jessica AU - Geer J AD - Department of Renal & Pheresis Services, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Nephrology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA. FAU - Wong Vega, Molly AU - Wong Vega M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4732-4996 AD - Department of Renal & Pheresis Services, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Nephrology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260508 PL - Canada TA - Hemodial Int JT - Hemodialysis international. International Symposium on Home Hemodialysis JID - 101093910 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Electric Impedance MH - *Renal Dialysis/methods MH - Child MH - Body Composition MH - *Kidney Failure, Chronic/therapy PMC - PMC13350307 OTO - NOTNLM OT - dry weight assessment OT - fluid overload OT - fluid status OT - hydration status OT - nutritional risk COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/08 12:38 MHDA- 2026/07/10 12:46 PMCR- 2026/07/10 CRDT- 2026/05/08 10:23 PHST- 2026/04/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/09/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/10 12:46 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/08 12:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/08 10:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - HDI70073 [pii] AID - 10.1111/hdi.70073 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Hemodial Int. 2026 Jul;30(3):486-498. doi: 10.1111/hdi.70073. Epub 2026 May 8. PMID- 42101192 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260716 IS - 1473-0766 (Electronic) IS - 0951-3590 (Linking) VI - 42 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Dec 31 TI - Inflammatory markers mediate the association of the Zhejiang University index with gestational diabetes mellitus: data from NHANES 2007-2020. PG - 2668870 LID - 10.1080/09513590.2026.2668870 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) threatens maternal and infant health, yet early prediction is challenging. The Zhejiang University (ZJU) index, reflecting insulin resistance and hepatic lipid metabolism, predicts metabolic diseases, but its role in GDM across multiethnic populations is unclear. METHODS: This study analyzed NHANES 2007-2020 data from US women aged 20-45. Weighted logistic regression, restricted cubic spline (RCS), subgroup, and ROC analyses assessed ZJU index and GDM. Mediation analysis evaluated inflammatory ratios. Sensitivity analysis excluded women with chronic diseases or medication use. RESULTS: Among 2240 women, 10% had GDM. Higher ZJU index was linearly associated with increased GDM risk; highest quartile had over twice the odds (OR = 2.25, 95% CI: 1.10-3.41). ZJU index outperformed BMI, FPG, ALT, AST (AUC = 0.718). PHR and LHR partially mediated the association. Sensitivity analysis confirmed robustness. CONCLUSION: ZJU index is a strong, independent predictor of GDM, outperforming traditional markers. HDL‑related inflammatory markers partially mediate this association, suggesting immunometabolic pathways. Further studies are needed for validation in broader populations. FAU - Ye, Mengmeng AU - Ye M AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China. FAU - Wu, Haochan AU - Wu H AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China. FAU - Shan, Fangfang AU - Shan F AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China. FAU - Zhou, Hui AU - Zhou H AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China. AD - Human Genetic and Reproduction Center, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China. FAU - Yu, Jinjin AU - Yu J AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China. FAU - Wu, Yibo AU - Wu Y AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China. AD - Human Genetic and Reproduction Center, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China. FAU - Hao, Tingting AU - Hao T AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260508 PL - England TA - Gynecol Endocrinol JT - Gynecological endocrinology : the official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology JID - 8807913 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Diabetes, Gestational/blood/epidemiology/diagnosis MH - Pregnancy MH - Adult MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - Nutrition Surveys MH - *Insulin Resistance/physiology MH - *Inflammation/blood MH - Young Adult MH - United States/epidemiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Zhejiang University (ZJU) index OT - gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) OT - inflammation OT - lymphocyte-to-HDL ratio (LHR) OT - platelet-to-HDL ratio (PHR) EDAT- 2026/05/08 12:37 MHDA- 2026/05/08 12:38 CRDT- 2026/05/08 09:23 PHST- 2026/05/08 12:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/08 12:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/08 09:23 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/09513590.2026.2668870 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Gynecol Endocrinol. 2026 Dec 31;42(1):2668870. doi: 10.1080/09513590.2026.2668870. Epub 2026 May 8. PMID- 42101071 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260904 LR - 20260906 IS - 1601-6343 (Electronic) IS - 1601-6335 (Print) IS - 1601-6335 (Linking) VI - 29 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Three Data-Driven Lip Soft-Tissue Phenotypes and Their Dento-Skeletal Associations in Orthodontic Patients: An Exploratory Unsupervised Learning Study. PG - 888-898 LID - 10.1111/ocr.70138 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Conventional facial diagnosis emphasizes skeletal and dental measures while lip features are assessed piecemeal. We aimed to identify data-driven lip soft-tissue phenotypes using unsupervised machine learning and examine their associations with skeletal and dental characteristics. METHODS: In a retrospective cross-sectional study, 10 lip measurements were extracted from standardized lateral cephalometric radiographs. Variables were z-score standardized and analysed using k-means clustering. Of 26 NbClust validation indices, 14 (53.8%) supported a three-cluster solution. Cluster stability was assessed by bootstrap resampling (B = 100) and 10-fold cross-validation. Post hoc feature importance was evaluated using PCA, Random Forest, SVM and XGBoost. A decision tree was trained and evaluated by 10-fold cross-validation repeated five times. Associations with craniofacial parameters were examined via within-class ANOVA, Cramer's V and hierarchical regression. Concordant pairings were defined as Cluster 1-Class I, Cluster 2-Class II and Cluster 3-Class III; all others were classified as discordant. RESULTS: Three phenotypes emerged-Thin-Straight (n = 638), Protrusive-Convex (n = 644) and Thick-Concave (n = 389)-showing broad correspondence with skeletal Classes I, II and III, respectively (Cramer's V = 0.386; overall concordance 52.8%). Lip protrusion and thickness were the primary discriminators (4/4 method consensus for UL_EP_mm, Cm_Sn_Ls, SSD; 3/4 for ULT). Within each skeletal class, all lip variables differed significantly across phenotypes (all p < 0.001; eta(2) = 0.10-0.54 for lip variables), and lip phenotype independently predicted incisor inclination beyond skeletal covariates (DeltaR(2)adj = 0.058-0.078, p < 0.001). An interpretable decision tree achieved 88.0% cross-validated accuracy (macro-F1 = 0.876) for phenotype assignment. CONCLUSIONS: Unsupervised learning identified three reproducible lip soft-tissue phenotypes that complement conventional dentoskeletal description by capturing within-class soft-tissue heterogeneity. The framework is exploratory and requires prospective external validation and outcome-based studies before clinical triage application. CI - (c) 2026 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Zhang, Xiaoqi AU - Zhang X AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0707-0928 AD - State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. FAU - Xing, Lu AU - Xing L AD - State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. FAU - Ai-Gumaei, Waseem AU - Ai-Gumaei W AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7873-9516 AD - State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. FAU - Zhang, Xiaoqian AU - Zhang X AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4056-0080 AD - Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology School of Stomatology Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China. FAU - Long, Hu AU - Long H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6020-6559 AD - State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. FAU - Li, Minqi AU - Li M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9980-1382 AD - Department of Bone Metabolism, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China. FAU - Lai, Wenli AU - Lai W AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7652-739X AD - State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260508 PL - England TA - Orthod Craniofac Res JT - Orthodontics & craniofacial research JID - 101144387 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Lip/anatomy & histology/diagnostic imaging MH - Phenotype MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Cephalometry MH - *Unsupervised Machine Learning MH - Clustering Algorithms MH - Female MH - *Malocclusion MH - Random Forest MH - Cluster Analysis MH - Adolescent MH - Boosting Machine Learning Algorithms PMC - PMC13543179 OTO - NOTNLM OT - facial profile OT - lip OT - machine learning OT - orthodontics OT - orthognathic surgery OT - soft tissue OT - unsupervised clustering COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/08 12:38 MHDA- 2026/09/04 17:40 PMCR- 2026/09/04 CRDT- 2026/05/08 08:24 PHST- 2026/04/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/11/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/04 17:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/08 12:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/08 08:24 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - OCR70138 [pii] AID - 10.1111/ocr.70138 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Orthod Craniofac Res. 2026 Oct;29(5):888-898. doi: 10.1111/ocr.70138. Epub 2026 May 8. PMID- 42100615 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260508 LR - 20260813 IS - 2666-6383 (Electronic) IS - 2666-6383 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Jul TI - A combined logistic regression and decision tree analysis of factors influencing throwing velocity and accuracy in little league baseball players. PG - 101690 LID - 10.1016/j.jseint.2026.101690 [doi] LID - 101690 AB - BACKGROUND: We investigated factors related to pitching performance-defined by pitch velocity and accuracy-based on baseball experience, pitching workload, anthropometrics, and range of motion and strength (grip and shoulder) among little league baseball players. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 348 right-handed baseball players aged 9-12 years. Assessments included baseball and pitching experience, weekly pitching workload during both games and practices, anthropometrics, range of motion, grip, and shoulder strength. Throwing velocity was measured using a radar gun during a standardized flat-ground throwing task, and throwing accuracy was assessed using a nine-zone target scoring system. Players were classified into high- and low-velocity groups based on the median velocity to enable decision tree analysis. Using logistic regression and decision tree analyses, factors associated with throwing velocity and accuracy were identified. RESULTS: Logistic regression analysis revealed that pitcher experience (odds ratio [OR]:3.45; P = .003), pitching workload >/=100/week (OR: 5.16; P = .002), and dominant-side grip strength (OR: 1.17; P = .033) were significantly associated with high pitch velocity. Decision tree analysis showed that players with a strong dominant-side grip (>14.5 kgf), age >10 years, and grip strength >19.8 kgf had the highest probability of high pitch velocity. Among players aged /=3 years of experience were more likely to have high velocity. Only baseball experience was a significant factor associated with pitch accuracy (OR: 1.23; P = .040). High-accuracy players were taller, older, and had greater nondominant grip strength than low-accuracy players. CONCLUSION: Throwing velocity was modestly associated with pitching experience, weekly pitching workload, and dominant-side grip strength, whereas throwing accuracy was associated primarily with baseball experience. These findings should be interpreted cautiously given the modest effect sizes and cross-sectional design. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). FAU - Shitara, Hitoshi AU - Shitara H AD - Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan. FAU - Tajika, Tsuyoshi AU - Tajika T AD - Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan. FAU - Miyamoto, Ryosuku AU - Miyamoto R AD - Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan. FAU - Hatori, Yuhei AU - Hatori Y AD - Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan. FAU - Ino, Fukuhisa AU - Ino F AD - Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan. FAU - Nakase, Kurumi AU - Nakase K AD - Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan. FAU - Kachi, Takuma AU - Kachi T AD - Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan. FAU - Noguchi, Rei AU - Noguchi R AD - Department of Business Economics, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Furushima, Kozo AU - Furushima K AD - Keiyu Orthopaedic Hospital, Tatebayashi, Japan. FAU - Funakoshi, Tadanao AU - Funakoshi T AD - Keiyu Orthopaedic Hospital, Tatebayashi, Japan. FAU - Miyamoto, Azusa AU - Miyamoto A AD - Keiyu Orthopaedic Hospital, Tatebayashi, Japan. FAU - Kainuma, Yuta AU - Kainuma Y AD - Keiyu Orthopaedic Hospital, Tatebayashi, Japan. FAU - Chikuda, Hirotaka AU - Chikuda H AD - Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260305 PL - United States TA - JSES Int JT - JSES international JID - 101763461 PMC - PMC13147389 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Accuracy OT - Decision tree analysis OT - Motor control OT - Performance OT - Pitching OT - Velocity OT - Youth baseball EDAT- 2026/05/08 06:33 MHDA- 2026/05/08 06:34 PMCR- 2026/03/05 CRDT- 2026/05/08 05:08 PHST- 2026/05/08 06:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/08 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/08 05:08 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2666-6383(26)00075-7 [pii] AID - 101690 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jseint.2026.101690 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JSES Int. 2026 Mar 5;10(4):101690. doi: 10.1016/j.jseint.2026.101690. eCollection 2026 Jul. PMID- 42100063 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260508 LR - 20260813 IS - 2529-198X (Electronic) IS - 2529-198X (Linking) VI - 37 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Mar TI - Translation and Validation of the Greek Version of the Revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQR). PG - 156-163 LID - 10.31138/mjr.190525.ria [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Increasing awareness of chronic pain conditions, such as fibromyalgia, requires validated tools to monitor the impact of the disease and response to treatment. This study aimed to translate and validate the Revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQR) in Greek patients with fibromyalgia. METHODS: The FIQR was translated into Greek (FIQR-GR) using the forward-backward-forward method. A total of 311 adults participated in this validation study by completing questionnaires and reporting their demographic characteristics (age, gender, weight, height, education, profession, and number of children). Internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha, and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to assess the structural validity of the tool. Regression models were used to test the association between FIQR and demographic characteristics. RESULTS: The FIQR-GR demonstrated excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha=0.94, function domain 0.92, Overall Impact domain 0.85, symptoms domain 0.85). CFA revealed goodness of fit (CFI=0.900, RMSEA=0.080, SRMR=0.056) and confirmed the original three-factor model. Most items had high standardised factor loadings (0.51 to 0.86), providing strong evidence for validity, although two items had lower values than expected (0.40 for energy levels, 0.48 for depression). There was a significant positive association between FIQR and body mass index (BMI) (p<0.001), suggesting that patients with a higher BMI experienced more severe fibromyalgia symptoms. CONCLUSION: The FIQR-GR is a valid and reliable tool for Greek patients with fibromyalgia and a valuable tool in clinical and research settings. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). FAU - Gkouvi, Arriana AU - Gkouvi A AD - Immunonutrition Unit, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Larissa, Greece. FAU - Pardali, Eleni C AU - Pardali EC AD - Immunonutrition Unit, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Larissa, Greece. FAU - Kontouli, Katerina Maria AU - Kontouli KM AD - Laboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece. AD - Department of Primary Education, School of Education, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece. FAU - Patrikiou, Eleni AU - Patrikiou E AD - Immunonutrition Unit, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Larissa, Greece. FAU - Bogdanos, Dimitrios P AU - Bogdanos DP AD - Immunonutrition Unit, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Larissa, Greece. FAU - Goulis, Dimitrios G AU - Goulis DG AD - Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece. FAU - Grammatikopoulou, Maria G AU - Grammatikopoulou MG AD - Immunonutrition Unit, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Larissa, Greece. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260301 PL - Greece TA - Mediterr J Rheumatol JT - Mediterranean journal of rheumatology JID - 101730166 PMC - PMC13145287 OTO - NOTNLM OT - FIQR OT - Revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire OT - fibromyalgia OT - pain OT - validation COIS- None. EDAT- 2026/05/08 06:33 MHDA- 2026/05/08 06:34 PMCR- 2026/03/01 CRDT- 2026/05/08 05:01 PHST- 2025/05/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/07/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/07/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/08 06:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/08 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/08 05:01 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - MJR-37-1-156 [pii] AID - 10.31138/mjr.190525.ria [doi] PST - epublish SO - Mediterr J Rheumatol. 2026 Mar 1;37(1):156-163. doi: 10.31138/mjr.190525.ria. eCollection 2026 Mar. PMID- 42099720 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260508 LR - 20260813 IS - 1664-1078 (Print) IS - 1664-1078 (Electronic) IS - 1664-1078 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Acute psychological responses to official match outcomes in male youth volleyball: an observational repeated-measures study within a single national-level team. PG - 1826372 LID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1826372 [doi] LID - 1826372 AB - BACKGROUND: Official match outcomes may be associated with acute psychological responses in youth athletes, particularly in team sports characterized by high emotional and interpersonal demands. OBJECTIVE: To examine acute psychological responses in male youth volleyball athletes during official matches in a national-level competition, focusing on associations with match outcome (win vs. loss), playing status (starter vs. substitute), and assessment moment (pre- vs. post-match). METHODS: Fourteen male athletes (mean age 16.5 +/- 0.82 years) from a single Brazilian national-level team were followed across 20 official matches (14 wins and 6 losses). Psychological responses were assessed before and/or after matches using validated instruments: State Anxiety (STAI-IDATE), Brunel Mood Scale (BRUMS), Feeling Scale, Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES), and Total Quality Recovery (TQR). Generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used with an independent working correlation structure and robust (sandwich) standard errors. Fixed effects included match outcome, playing status, assessment moment, and their interactions. Candidate marginal models were compared via Independence Model Criterion under a parsimonious strategy suitable for small samples. RESULTS: Losses were associated with increased post-match state anxiety, tension, depression, anger, and confusion, whereas wins were generally associated with stability or more favorable responses in these dimensions. Affective valence also showed an outcomexmoment interaction, declining after losses but remaining relatively stable after wins. Vigor demonstrated a three-way interaction between playing status, outcome, and moment, with substitutes showing a more pronounced decline after losses. Fatigue showed main effects of playing status, match outcome, and moment. Enjoyment was higher in wins than losses and higher in starters than substitutes. Perceived recovery showed a playing statusxoutcome interaction, with starters reporting higher pre-match recovery before matches that resulted in wins. CONCLUSION: In this single-team observational sample, acute psychological responses appeared to vary according to match outcome, playing status, and assessment moment. These findings should be interpreted as exploratory associations and may support the practical value of psychological monitoring in youth competitive volleyball. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Do Nascimento, Sa Filho, Aprigliano, Clemente, Vieira, Campos, Rocha, Arantes, Pedrosa, Noll, Kawczynski, Laporta and Costa. FAU - Do Nascimento, Marcos Henrique AU - Do Nascimento MH AD - Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencias da Saude, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Goias, Goiania, Brazil. FAU - Sa Filho, Alberto Souza AU - Sa Filho AS AD - Human Movement and Rehabilitation, Universidade Evangelica de Goias, Anapolis, Brazil. AD - Graduate Program at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. FAU - Aprigliano, Vicente AU - Aprigliano V AD - Escuela de Ingenieria de Construccion y Transporte, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso, Valparaiso, Chile. FAU - Clemente, Filipe Manuel AU - Clemente FM AD - Department of Biomechanics, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, Poland. AD - Applied Research Institute (i2A), Polytechnic University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. AD - Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center, Coimbra, Portugal. FAU - Vieira, Carlos Alexandre AU - Vieira CA AD - Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencias da Saude, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Goias, Goiania, Brazil. FAU - Campos, Mario Hebling AU - Campos MH AD - Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencias da Saude, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Goias, Goiania, Brazil. FAU - Rocha, Augusto Cezar Rodrigues AU - Rocha ACR AD - Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencias da Saude, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Goias, Goiania, Brazil. FAU - Arantes, Debora Darck Lopes Costa AU - Arantes DDLC AD - Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencias da Saude, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Goias, Goiania, Brazil. FAU - Pedrosa, Gustavo Ferreira AU - Pedrosa GF AD - Centro de Educacao Fisica e Desportos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil. FAU - Noll, Matias AU - Noll M AD - Instituto Federal de Educacao, Ciencia e Tecnologia Goiano, Ceres, Brazil. FAU - Kawczynski, Adam AU - Kawczynski A AD - Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland. FAU - Laporta, Lorenzo AU - Laporta L AD - Centro de Educacao Fisica e Desportos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil. FAU - Costa, Gustavo De Conti Teixeira AU - Costa GCT AD - Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencias da Saude, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Goias, Goiania, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260422 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Psychol JT - Frontiers in psychology JID - 101550902 PMC - PMC13143687 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Brunel Mood Scale OT - Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale OT - Total Quality Recovery OT - affective valence OT - ecological validity COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/08 06:32 MHDA- 2026/05/08 06:33 PMCR- 2026/04/22 CRDT- 2026/05/08 04:58 PHST- 2026/03/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/08 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/08 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/08 04:58 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1826372 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Psychol. 2026 Apr 22;17:1826372. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1826372. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42099518 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260508 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-2360 (Print) IS - 2296-2360 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2360 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Status Quo analysis of an exercise therapy care model in pediatric oncology during acute therapy: perspectives from patients, parents, siblings, and staff. PG - 1791439 LID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1791439 [doi] LID - 1791439 AB - BACKGROUND: In oncological pediatrics, exercise therapy is still not part of regular medical care in Germany and exercise therapy projects are currently financed by charity organizations. Nevertheless, the scientific evidence for the benefit of exercise therapy in pediatric oncology has led to the implementation of exercise therapy programs at most of the German hospitals. At the Pediatric Oncology Department of the University Hospital of Cologne the exercise therapy program was established in 2021. Between 2023 and 2025 a comprehensive survey was carried out to assess the perception of various groups such as patients, family and staff with offered program. METHODS: A monocentric survey was conducted to assess the perception of patients, parents, siblings, and staff members regarding the exercise project using non-validated questionnaires. The questionnaires addressed the exercise project during intensive medical therapy in both the outpatient and inpatient phases. The questionnaires contained both open and closed questions and were evaluated using the following categories: "Communication/Education", "Participation", "Satisfaction", "Need for Support", "Online Exercise Sessions", and "Barriers and Motives". RESULTS: The survey was completed by 33 patients, 63 parents, 14 siblings and 48 staff members. The evaluation of the survey showed that more than 50% of the patients and parents surveyed were satisfied with the existing program. Parents and staff have particularly noted the lack of exercise therapy programs for patients during their outpatient phases. DISCUSSION: Despite the generally positive evaluation, patients, parents, siblings and staff still see potential for further development of the exercise therapy program, especially for the outpatient phases. CONCLUSION: Although the physical activity program is highly regarded, its potential is limited by gaps in outpatient care and inadequate sibling integration. To improve exercise therapy further, a holistic, family-centered approach must expand beyond the inpatient setting. Overcoming skepticism toward telehealth is crucial to ensuring accessible, sustainable exercise therapy outside the hospital.Clinical Trial Registration: https://drks.de/search/de/trial/DRKS00034629/details, identifier (DRKS00034629). CI - (c) 2026 Bohlke, Simon, Hero, Reinke, Friedrich, Zoth and Baumann. FAU - Bohlke, Lena AU - Bohlke L AD - Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. FAU - Simon, Thorsten AU - Simon T AD - Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. FAU - Hero, Barbara AU - Hero B AD - Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. FAU - Reinke, Dana AU - Reinke D AD - Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. FAU - Friedrich, Amrei AU - Friedrich A AD - Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. FAU - Zoth, Nora AU - Zoth N AD - Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne Bonn, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. FAU - Baumann, Freerk T AU - Baumann FT AD - Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne Bonn, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260422 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Pediatr JT - Frontiers in pediatrics JID - 101615492 PMC - PMC13144044 OTO - NOTNLM OT - acute medical treatment OT - childhood cancer OT - exercise therapy OT - pediatric oncology OT - physical activity COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/08 06:32 MHDA- 2026/05/08 06:33 PMCR- 2026/04/22 CRDT- 2026/05/08 04:55 PHST- 2026/01/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/08 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/08 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/08 04:55 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1791439 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Pediatr. 2026 Apr 22;14:1791439. doi: 10.3389/fped.2026.1791439. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42099515 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260508 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-2360 (Print) IS - 2296-2360 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2360 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Co-occurrence of suspected scoliosis and sagittal spinal deviations among early adolescents: a school-based cross-sectional study of prevalence and associated factors. PG - 1769144 LID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1769144 [doi] LID - 1769144 AB - AIMS: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and patterns of spinal postural abnormalities, particularly the co-occurrence of suspected scoliosis and sagittal spinal deviation, and to identify associated biological, behavioral, and psychosocial factors among early adolescents aged 12 to14 years. METHODS: A school-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among 255 school children aged 12 to 14 years. The standardized postural assessments and validated questionnaires were used to obtain data on the spinal alignment, anthropometric measures, pain location, and behavioral and psychosocial characteristics. Frontal and sagittal deviations were assessed through standardized visual inspection procedures. Frontal deviations indicating suspected scoliosis were further examined using the Adam's forward bending test and the angle of trunk rotation (ATR) measured with a scoliometer. Behavioral variables included screen time and preferred posture during screen use, while psychosocial variables comprised knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) and self-postural awareness questionnaires. Associated factors were identified by performing comparative analyses and binary logistic regression. RESULTS: Combined suspected scoliosis and sagittal spinal deviations were found in 21.2 percent of participants, with flattened thoracic curvature being the most frequent sagittal abnormality. Logistic regression revealed greater body height (AOR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.02-1.11), lower KAP scores (AOR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.72-0.89), while screen time (AOR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.01-1.49) showed a more limited association with combined spinal deviations. Participants with suspected scoliosis reported more frequent upper back pain and lower self-postural awareness than those without deviations. CONCLUSION: A noteworthy proportion of early adolescents exhibited combined spinal deformities associated with biological and psychosocial-behavioral factors. Greater body height and lower KAP scores showed clearer associations with these conditions, whereas screen time demonstrated a tendency toward an association. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating posture assessment and health education into school-based initiatives. Improving early identification and encouraging healthy lifestyle behaviors may contribute to better spinal health and help reduce the risk of long-term musculoskeletal problems during adolescence. CI - (c) 2026 Nilmart and Vongsirinavarat. FAU - Nilmart, Patcharin AU - Nilmart P AD - Faculty of Physical Therapy, Srinakharinwirot University, Ongkharak, Nakhon Nayok, Thailand. FAU - Vongsirinavarat, Mantana AU - Vongsirinavarat M AD - Faculty of Physical Therapy, Mahidol University, Putthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260422 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Pediatr JT - Frontiers in pediatrics JID - 101615492 PMC - PMC13144105 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - health behavior OT - musculoskeletal health OT - school health OT - scoliosis OT - spinal curvature COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/08 06:32 MHDA- 2026/05/08 06:33 PMCR- 2026/04/22 CRDT- 2026/05/08 04:55 PHST- 2025/12/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/01/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/08 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/08 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/08 04:55 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1769144 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Pediatr. 2026 Apr 22;14:1769144. doi: 10.3389/fped.2026.1769144. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42098660 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260701 LR - 20260813 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 7 TI - Does stunting modify the impact of salivary factors and early childhood caries on oral health-related quality of life? LID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27304-5 [doi] LID - 1987 AB - BACKGROUND: Stunting, a form of chronic malnutrition, is associated with impaired growth and potential changes in salivary function that may increase susceptibility to early childhood caries (ECC). These oral conditions may further influence a child's oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). However, the extent to which stunting modifies the impact of salivary factors and ECC on OHRQoL remains unclear. METHODS: This analytical cross-sectional study included 210 preschool children aged 24-59 months in Bandung, Indonesia, equally divided into stunted and non-stunted groups based on height-for-age z-scores (HAZ <-2 SD for stunted). Dental caries was assessed using the deft index, while salivary pH and buffering capacity were measured using the GC Saliva Check Buffer Test. OHRQoL was evaluated using a modified Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) with a dichotomous response format (never = 0, ever = 1) validated through pilot testing (Cronbach's alpha = 0.870). Statistical analyses included Mann-Whitney U, Chi-square, and t-tests, followed by logistic regression with interaction terms to examine effect modification by stunting. RESULTS: Non-stunted children had higher mean deft scores (6.50 +/- 4.43) compared to stunted children (5.12 +/- 4.38, p = 0.020). Acidic Saliva was more frequent among stunted children (11.4%) than non-stunted children (3.8%, p = 0.037). However, no significant differences were observed in ECOHIS total scores or in the impact of OHRQoL between groups (p > 0.05). Logistic regression revealed no significant interactions between stunting, ECC, salivary pH, or buffering capacity (all p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Stunting did not affect the association between salivary factors, early childhood caries, and oral health-related quality of life in preschool children. Although children with stunted had slightly higher salivary acidity, these differences did not result in measurable differences in quality of life. Prevention should combine oral health education and nutritional interventions to comprehensively address the risk of stunting and dental caries. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Setiawan, Arlette Suzy AU - Setiawan AS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5005-8081 AD - Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia. arlette.puspa@unpad.ac.id. FAU - Caesarini, Meitty AU - Caesarini M AD - Pediatric Dentistry Residency Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia. FAU - Musnamirwan, Iwan Ahmad AU - Musnamirwan IA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2077-0630 AD - Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia. FAU - Primarti, Risti Saptarini AU - Primarti RS AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-4456-3162 AD - Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia. FAU - Indriyanti, Ratna AU - Indriyanti R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1864-5301 AD - Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260507 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Dental Caries/epidemiology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Quality of Life MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Saliva/chemistry/physiology MH - Indonesia/epidemiology MH - *Oral Health/statistics & numerical data MH - *Growth Disorders/complications/epidemiology MH - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration PMC - PMC13321754 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Child OT - Dental Caries OT - Growth Disorders OT - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration OT - Preschool OT - Quality of Life OT - Saliva COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the Health Research Ethics Committee of Universitas Padjadjaran and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments. Ethical approval was obtained under reference number 125/UN6.KEP/EC/2025. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants and/or their legal guardians prior to participation. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Clinical trial number: not applicable. EDAT- 2026/05/08 00:32 MHDA- 2026/07/01 12:47 PMCR- 2026/05/07 CRDT- 2026/05/07 23:45 PHST- 2025/12/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/01 12:47 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/08 00:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/07 23:45 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27304-5 [pii] AID - 27304 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27304-5 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2026 May 7;26(1):1987. doi: 10.1186/s12889-026-27304-5. PMID- 42097387 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260716 IS - 1096-0953 (Electronic) IS - 0013-9351 (Linking) VI - 302 DP - 2026 Aug 1 TI - Associations of air pollution, road traffic noise, and greenness with adiposity markers in Swedish young adults. PG - 124646 LID - S0013-9351(26)00977-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.envres.2026.124646 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Environmental exposures have been associated with adiposity, but the evidence remains inconsistent. We examined associations of several environmental exposures with adiposity in young adulthood, and body mass index (BMI) trajectories from birth to 24 years. METHODS: In the Swedish birth cohort BAMSE, individual-level exposure to air pollutants, road traffic noise, and greenness was estimated using validated models. Time-weighted averages were calculated for early-life (first year) and recent exposure (five years prior to clinical assessment). At age 24, waist circumference and body composition (i.e., body/trunk fat percentage, fat mass index (FMI)) using bioimpedance were measured (n = 1612). BMI trajectories based on anthropometrics repeatedly measured up to 24 years were identified via latent class mixture modeling. Sex-specific associations were estimated via linear and multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS: One interquartile range increase in early-life fine particulate matter /=20 is oft used to identify a probable eating disorder, previous work has shown that some items may reflect T1D management struggles, rather than DEB, with other work indicating that different response profiles (e.g., overeating vs. diabulimia) correspond to varying DEB risks. To identify DEPS-R items of greatest utility in detecting DEB in T1D, we used a form of item response theory to evaluate item variation in difficulty and discrimination, as well as scale precision across the latent DEB continuum. Participants were 329 adults with T1D who completed the DEPS-R when joining a participant registry or enrolling in a study on eating and weight concerns in T1D. We found a number of DEPS-R items (e.g., "I skip meals or snacks") that demonstrated low difficulty and low-to-moderate discrimination. These items were often endorsed by even the lowest severity participants yet provided relatively limited information for differentiating the DEB construct. Other items with high difficulty and moderate discrimination (e.g., "I make myself vomit") provided relatively modest information even at the highest pathology levels, as they were unlikely to be endorsed even by the most severe cases. Most high-discrimination items provided the most diagnostic information at the highest pathology levels (e.g., "I try to eat to the point of spilling ketones in my urine"). Results suggest revising the DEPS-R scale, as several items provided limited contribution to DEB detection. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved). FAU - Dmitrieva, Natalia O AU - Dmitrieva NO AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7813-9131 AD - Department of Psychological Sciences, Northern Arizona University. FAU - Zhao, Corina Y AU - Zhao CY AD - Department of Counseling and Clinical Psychology, Teachers College, Columbia University. FAU - Moskovich, Ashley A AU - Moskovich AA AD - Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine. FAU - Roberts, Max Z AU - Roberts MZ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5906-3992 AD - Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine. FAU - Merwin, Rhonda M AU - Merwin RM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3729-0297 AD - Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine. LA - eng GR - R01 DK089329/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - JDRF/Breakthrough T1D/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260507 PL - United States TA - Psychol Assess JT - Psychological assessment JID - 8915253 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/psychology/complications MH - Female MH - Adult MH - *Feeding and Eating Disorders/diagnosis/psychology MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Psychometrics MH - Young Adult MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13152005 MID - NIHMS2153512 COIS- Conflicts of Interest: No authors nor their immediate family have a significant conflict of interest, nor any potential bias against another product or service. EDAT- 2026/05/07 12:37 MHDA- 2026/09/21 17:47 PMCR- 2026/05/08 CRDT- 2026/05/07 11:04 PHST- 2026/09/21 17:47 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/07 12:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/07 11:04 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2027-65075-001 [pii] AID - 10.1037/pas0001471 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Psychol Assess. 2026 Oct;38(10):704-715. doi: 10.1037/pas0001471. Epub 2026 May 7. PMID- 42095875 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260831 LR - 20260921 IS - 1939-1536 (Electronic) IS - 0033-3204 (Print) IS - 0033-3204 (Linking) VI - 63 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Cognitive behavioral telehealth treatment for adolescents with loss-of-control eating: A randomized controlled feasibility study. PG - 340-351 LID - 10.1037/pst0000621 [doi] AB - This study aimed to develop and test the feasibility and acceptability of a telehealth treatment for adolescent loss-of-control (LOC) eating, including the feasibility of attaining clinically meaningful outcomes. LOC-eating episodes occur when experiencing a sense of LOC while eating a subjectively or objectively large amount of food. Participants were 55 adolescents (aged 12-17) with recurrent LOC-eating episodes and elevated weight (based on age and sex-normed percentiles) who enrolled in a feasibility trial of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Five participants enrolled in the treatment development "open series" and provided feedback. Fifty participants were randomized to the subsequent randomized controlled trial and received either CBT-LOC or nutrition education. Treatment fidelity was checked. CBT-LOC for adolescents with LOC eating demonstrated treatment feasibility and acceptability. Retention (M = 15.3 of 16 sessions), treatment credibility (M = 5.26 of 6), and treatment fidelity (92%-100% of broad topics covered) were high. Treatment satisfaction was higher in CBT-LOC than nutrition education (ps < .001). Time x Intervention effects revealed greater improvements for CBT-LOC than nutrition education for binge eating, LOC eating, secretive eating, and global eating-disorder psychopathology. Weight change was minimal for both interventions. Among adolescents with weekly or greater baseline LOC-eating episodes, overvaluation of weight/shape and depression also improved. Overall, this feasibility randomized controlled trial testing CBT-LOC for adolescents experiencing LOC eating and elevated weight demonstrated feasibility and acceptability. Initial evidence demonstrated that it was feasible to produce clinically significant improvements in LOC-eating episodes, eating behaviors, and eating-disorder psychopathology. Few participants attained decreased weight, which may limit motivation to seek treatment from parents and adolescents. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved). FAU - Lydecker, Janet A AU - Lydecker JA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6425-514X AD - Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine. FAU - Kamody, Rebecca AU - Kamody R AD - Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine. FAU - Ozbardakci, Elise AU - Ozbardakci E AD - Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine. FAU - Silverman, Wendy K AU - Silverman WK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4415-4098 AD - Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine. FAU - Tanofsky-Kraff, Marian AU - Tanofsky-Kraff M AD - Department of Medical and Clinical Psychiatry, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences. FAU - Gueorguieva, Ralitza AU - Gueorguieva R AD - Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine. FAU - Grilo, Carlos M AU - Grilo CM AD - Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine. LA - eng GR - K23 DK115893/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - UL1 TR001863/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States GR - NH/NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20260507 PL - United States TA - Psychotherapy (Chic) JT - Psychotherapy (Chicago, Ill.) JID - 2984829R SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - *Cognitive Behavioral Therapy/methods MH - Feasibility Studies MH - Female MH - Mental Health Teletherapy MH - Male MH - Child MH - *Feeding and Eating Disorders/therapy MH - Telemedicine MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - *Adolescent Behavior PMC - PMC13155366 MID - NIHMS2158347 EDAT- 2026/05/07 12:37 MHDA- 2026/08/31 19:42 PMCR- 2026/05/09 CRDT- 2026/05/07 11:03 PHST- 2026/08/31 19:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/07 12:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/07 11:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2027-65835-001 [pii] AID - 10.1037/pst0000621 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Psychotherapy (Chic). 2026 Sep;63(3):340-351. doi: 10.1037/pst0000621. Epub 2026 May 7. PMID- 42095152 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260507 LR - 20260813 IS - 2297-055X (Print) IS - 2297-055X (Electronic) IS - 2297-055X (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2026 TI - Cardiopulmonary parameters in patients with Tetralogy of Fallot: the reference values for treadmill and cycle ergometer. PG - 1673478 LID - 10.3389/fcvm.2026.1673478 [doi] LID - 1673478 AB - BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to establish sex- and age-specific reference values for ramp cycle-ergometer and treadmill cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) in patients with Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF). Despite successful surgical repair, residual pulmonary regurgitation remains common in repaired ToF (rToF), often leading to right or left ventricular dysfunction and reduced exercise capacity. CPET is a reliable tool for evaluating cardiopulmonary function. Although both treadmill and cycle ergometer protocols are used interchangeably, reference value ranges for each method in this population remain unclear. METHOD: CPET data were collected from asymptomatic rToF patients who had undergone cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) and performed CPET on a treadmill or cycle ergometer between 2020 and 2024. Physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). RESULTS: Among 290 patients, median age at CPET was 21.6 years (15.9-29.3), and median BMI was 22.5 kg/m(2) (20.0-24.9). Nearly all participants (99%) were in NYHA class I. Physical activity was classified as sedentary in 29%, moderate in 61%, and high in 9%. Median VO(2) peak was 26.4 mL/min/kg (23.0-31.5), corresponding to 72.9% predicted (62.4-83.2). Median oxygen pulse at peak was 9.9 mL/beat (8.2-12.0), with 76.9% predicted (68.0-87.5). Median VE/VCO(2) slope at the respiratory compensation point was 29.0 (26.0-32.6), and median oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES) was 1,792.5 mL/min/log(L/min) (1,535.0-2,181.5). VO(2) peak and percent-predicted VO(2) were significantly higher with treadmill testing in both sexes (p < 0.05); oxygen pulse was higher only in females. VE/VCO(2) slope and OUES were unaffected by modality. When stratified by age (<18 vs. >/=18 years), treadmill-related differences in VO(2) peak and percent-predicted VO(2) remained significant in both sexes >/=18 years, and in females <18 years. Oxygen pulse was significantly higher with treadmill only in females >/=18 years. VE/VCO(2) slope and OUES remained unchanged across modalities and age groups. CONCLUSION: This study provides CPET values stratified by modality and sex in a large cohort of asymptomatic rToF patients, offering valuable reference data for clinical assessment. Future studies should validate pediatric normative CPET values through prospective, inclusive, statistically powered cohorts using standardized protocols and cross-center comparability. CI - (c) 2026 Leonardi, Gentili, Tranchita, Montanaro, Butera, Palmieri, Di Gia, Secinaro, Antonelli, Lioncino and Giordano. FAU - Leonardi, Benedetta AU - Leonardi B AD - Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Gentili, Federica AU - Gentili F AD - Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Tranchita, Eliana AU - Tranchita E AD - Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Montanaro, Claudia AU - Montanaro C AD - Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Butera, Gianfranco AU - Butera G AD - Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Palmieri, Rosalinda AU - Palmieri R AD - Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Di Gia, Giulia AU - Di Gia G AD - Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Secinaro, Aurelio AU - Secinaro A AD - Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Antonelli, Giovanni AU - Antonelli G AD - Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Lioncino, Michele AU - Lioncino M AD - Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Giordano, Ugo AU - Giordano U AD - Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260421 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Cardiovasc Med JT - Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine JID - 101653388 PMC - PMC13139358 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Tetralogy of Fallot OT - VE/VCO(2) slope OT - VO2 peak OT - cardiopulmonary test OT - cyclo-ergometer OT - treadmil COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The authors BL, CM, GB declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision. EDAT- 2026/05/07 06:35 MHDA- 2026/05/07 06:36 PMCR- 2026/04/21 CRDT- 2026/05/07 05:21 PHST- 2025/07/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/07 06:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/07 06:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/07 05:21 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fcvm.2026.1673478 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Cardiovasc Med. 2026 Apr 21;13:1673478. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2026.1673478. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42094888 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Optimal dose of aerobic exercise for improving postpartum depression, anxiety, and quality of life: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and dose-response analysis. PG - 1807903 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1807903 [doi] LID - 1807903 AB - BACKGROUND: Postpartum depression, anxiety, and reduced health related quality of life (HRQoL) are common in the first year after childbirth, a period characterized by marked hormonal fluctuations, sleep disruption, and psychosocial role transitions that increase vulnerability to emotional distress, and have substantial consequences for maternal and child well-being. Aerobic exercise is increasingly recommended as a low-risk behavioral strategy, as it has been shown to improve mood, reduce stress, and modulate neurobiological pathways associated with depression, yet its effectiveness and optimal prescription parameters for postpartum mental health remain unclear. This study evaluated the effects of aerobic exercise on depressive symptoms, anxiety, and HRQoL, and characterized corresponding dose response patterns. METHODS: PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched from inception to 31 October 2025. Randomized controlled trials lasting at least four weeks and comparing structured aerobic exercise with inactive or minimal control conditions were included. Outcomes were depressive symptoms, anxiety, and HRQoL assessed using validated instruments. Random effects meta-analyses generated standardized mean differences (SMDs). Dose response relationships were examined using model-based methods. RESULTS: Seventeen trials involving 2,865 women met inclusion criteria. Aerobic exercise significantly reduced depressive symptoms (SMD - 0.37, 95% CI - 0.60 to -0.14), with larger improvements in women with baseline depression and in interventions delivered postpartum. Dose response analysis showed a U-shaped pattern, with maximal benefit at approximately 570 MET minutes per week. No significant effect was found for anxiety (SMD - 0.11, 95% CI - 0.31 to 0.09). Aerobic exercise improved HRQoL (SMD 0.45, 95% CI 0.29 to 0.60), and an inverted U-shaped dose response indicated optimal gains near 420 MET minutes per week. CONCLUSION: Aerobic exercise reduces postpartum depressive symptoms and improves HRQoL. Optimal effects were observed at approximately 570 MET minutes per week for depression and 420 MET minutes per week for HRQoL, suggesting that a weekly volume of 400 to 600 MET minutes may be a practical target in postpartum care. Evidence remains insufficient to confirm anxiolytic effects. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Cai, Du, Huang and Yang. FAU - Cai, Luqiong AU - Cai L AD - Department of Rehabilitation, Ningbo Rehabilitation Hospital, Ningbo, China. FAU - Du, Yuqing AU - Du Y AD - Department of Rehabilitation, Ningbo Rehabilitation Hospital, Ningbo, China. FAU - Huang, Yihui AU - Huang Y AD - Ningbo Psychiatric Hospital, Ningbo, China. FAU - Yang, Renjun AU - Yang R AD - Department of Rehabilitation, Jintang First People's Hospital, Chengdu, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Meta-Analysis PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20260421 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Depression, Postpartum/therapy/prevention & control MH - *Quality of Life/psychology MH - *Anxiety/therapy/prevention & control MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic PMC - PMC13139009 OTO - NOTNLM OT - aerobic exercise OT - dose-response analysis OT - postpartum anxiety OT - postpartum depression OT - quality of life COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/07 06:35 MHDA- 2026/05/07 06:36 PMCR- 2026/04/21 CRDT- 2026/05/07 05:18 PHST- 2026/02/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/07 06:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/07 06:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/07 05:18 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1807903 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2026 Apr 21;14:1807903. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1807903. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42094680 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260507 LR - 20260813 IS - 2673-4842 (Electronic) IS - 2673-4842 (Linking) VI - 7 DP - 2026 TI - Salivary pH within multifactorial caries risk assessment in children: observational clinical evidence using the Cariogram platform. PG - 1822466 LID - 10.3389/froh.2026.1822466 [doi] LID - 1822466 AB - INTRODUCTION: Dental caries is a multifactorial disease influenced by biological, behavioral, and preventive factors. Salivary pH has been proposed as a non-invasive biomarker for caries risk assessment, however, its independent clinical relevance within structured digital risk models remains unclear. This study school-aged pediatric cohort using the Cariogram platform as a structured, multifactorial caries risk assessment tool, and to evaluate the role of digitally measured salivary pH in relation to caries risk stratification and clinical caries indicators within this framework. METHODS: A total of 66 children aged 6-12 years were included. Unstimulated salivary pH was measured using both a digital pH meter and colorimetric strips. Caries risk was assessed using the Cariogram platform. Agreement between pH measurement methods was evaluated using Bland-Altman analysis. Associations between salivary pH, dietary intake frequency, and caries risk were explored using Spearman's rank correlation. A multivariable linear regression model was constructed using the Cariogram-derived chance to avoid new caries (%) as the dependent variable, including mean digitally measured salivary pH, dietary intake frequency, oral hygiene status, fluoride toothpaste use, age, gender, and saliva collection timing as predictors. RESULTS: Digital salivary pH values ranged from 6.1 to 7.2, with a peak between 6.6 and 6.8. Strip-based measurements systematically underestimated pH, with a mean bias of approximately 0.24 pH units. Salivary pH showed weak or negligible associations with Cariogram risk categories. In the multivariable model, dietary intake frequency, oral hygiene status, fluoride toothpaste use, and saliva collection timing were significant predictors of caries risk, whereas salivary pH was not independently associated after adjustment for behavioral and preventive factors. CONCLUSIONS: Salivary pH is a biologically relevant but insufficient standalone marker of caries risk in children. Its clinical value emerges when measured reliably and interpreted within a multifactorial, caries risk-assessment framework supported by digital tools, particularly the Cariogram platform and digital pH measurement. CI - (c) 2026 Barbulescu, Cristache, Vacarel and Nimigean. FAU - Barbulescu, Eliza Denisa AU - Barbulescu ED AD - Doctoral School, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania. FAU - Cristache, Corina Marilena AU - Cristache CM AD - Department of Dental Techniques, Faculty of Midwifery and Nursing, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania. FAU - Vacarel, Elena Valentina AU - Vacarel EV AD - Doctoral School, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania. FAU - Nimigean, Vanda Roxana AU - Nimigean VR AD - Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260421 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Oral Health JT - Frontiers in oral health JID - 9918227262706676 PMC - PMC13139144 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cariogram OT - caries risk assessment OT - digital diagnostics OT - pediatric dentistry OT - preventive dentistry COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author CC declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision. EDAT- 2026/05/07 06:37 MHDA- 2026/05/07 06:38 PMCR- 2026/04/21 CRDT- 2026/05/07 05:15 PHST- 2026/03/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/07 06:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/07 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/07 05:15 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/froh.2026.1822466 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Oral Health. 2026 Apr 21;7:1822466. doi: 10.3389/froh.2026.1822466. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42094652 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260507 LR - 20260813 IS - 2753-4294 (Electronic) IS - 2753-4294 (Linking) VI - 4 IP - 2 DP - 2026 TI - Evaluating a community-based care package delivered by trained nurses to improve preconception and maternal-child health: protocol of a stepped-wedge cluster randomised trial. PG - e003266 LID - 10.1136/bmjph-2025-003266 [doi] LID - e003266 AB - INTRODUCTION: Preconception care (PCC) plays a pivotal role in improving maternal and child health outcomes by addressing health risks and promoting healthy behaviours before pregnancy. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of village-level PCC delivered by trained auxiliary nurse midwives on preconception health and maternal-child health outcomes among eligible women in central Maharashtra, India. It also sought to identify factors influencing the implementation and utilisation of the PCC package, assess the feasibility of the intervention using the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance(RE-AIM) framework and analyse the unit cost of delivering community-based PCC interventions. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This study follows an open cohort stepped-wedge cluster randomised design with repeated cross-sectional sampling over 3 years, allowing phased implementation of the PCC package and systematic evaluation. It is being carried out in rural villages of the Wardha Community Development block, working closely with the District Health System and local Village Councils. The study includes 96 villages (clusters) under four primary health centres that agreed to a social franchisee model and an estimated 3200 eligible women. Women aged 19-45 years who had not completed their families, gave consent and had lived in the area for at least 2 years were eligible to participate. The PCC package, delivered through village clinics by trained community nurses, focuses on improving nutrition, reproductive health, vaccination coverage and mental health. This will be compared with routine government services provided before the intervention. Information collected includes participants' background, lifestyle habits such as diet and physical activity, stress levels, physical measurements, haemoglobin levels and how well the intervention was followed. The data will be analysed using regression models, including subgroup analysis based on participation and outcomes. The PCC package is expected to help reduce undernutrition, anaemia and maternal depression. The implementation will be evaluated using the RE-AIM framework, and final results are expected by the end of 2026, demonstrating the effectiveness and practicality of providing PCC through community health systems in rural areas. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Ethics Committee of Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, India (IEC/406/2023, dated 30 December 2023) prior to trial initiation. Study findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and presentations at national and international conferences. In addition, results will be shared with participating communities, Village Health, Nutrition and Sanitation Committees, district and state health authorities through stakeholder meetings. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: CTRI/2024/03/064582. CI - Copyright (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. Published by BMJ Group. FAU - Kalai, Sophiya AU - Kalai S AD - Department of Community Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram, Maharashtra, India. FAU - Kalantri, Ashwini AU - Kalantri A AD - Department of Community Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram, Maharashtra, India. FAU - Misra, Swati AU - Misra S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1020-1239 AD - Department of Community Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram, Maharashtra, India. FAU - Mundra, Anuj AU - Mundra A AD - Department of Community Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram, Maharashtra, India. FAU - Kolhe, Rutuja AU - Kolhe R AD - Department of Community Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram, Maharashtra, India. FAU - Jakasania, Arjunkumar AU - Jakasania A AD - Department of Community Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram, Maharashtra, India. FAU - Mahajan, Kamlesh AU - Mahajan K AD - Department of Community Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram, Maharashtra, India. FAU - Sathe, Harshal AU - Sathe H AD - Department of Psychiatry, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram, Maharashtra, India. FAU - Patil, Bharat AU - Patil B AD - Department of Pathology, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram, Maharashtra, India. FAU - Raut, Abhishek V AU - Raut AV AD - Department of Community Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram, Maharashtra, India. FAU - Maliye, Chetna AU - Maliye C AD - Department of Community Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram, Maharashtra, India. FAU - Jain, Shuchi AU - Jain S AD - Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram, Maharashtra, India. FAU - Kumar, Satish AU - Kumar S AD - Department of Biochemistry, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram, Maharashtra, India. FAU - Paradkar, Rameshwar J AU - Paradkar RJ AD - Zilla Parishad, District Health Office, Wardha, Maharashtra, India. FAU - Gupta, Subodh S AU - Gupta SS AD - Department of Community Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram, Maharashtra, India. FAU - Varma, Poonam AU - Varma P AD - Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram, Maharashtra, India. FAU - Garg, Bishan S AU - Garg BS AD - Department of Community Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram, Maharashtra, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260420 PL - England TA - BMJ Public Health JT - BMJ public health JID - 9918697578906676 PMC - PMC13141123 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Community Health OT - Community-Based Participatory Research OT - Public Health COIS- None declared. EDAT- 2026/05/07 06:36 MHDA- 2026/05/07 06:37 PMCR- 2026/04/20 CRDT- 2026/05/07 05:15 PHST- 2025/05/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/07 06:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/07 06:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/07 05:15 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjph-2025-003266 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjph-2025-003266 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Public Health. 2026 Apr 20;4(2):e003266. doi: 10.1136/bmjph-2025-003266. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42093187 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260720 LR - 20260720 IS - 1872-6623 (Electronic) IS - 0304-3959 (Linking) VI - 167 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug 1 TI - The role of physical activity in children and adolescents with chronic pain: the moderating effects of psychological symptoms and sleep difficulties. PG - 1824-1838 LID - 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003997 [doi] AB - Chronic pain in children and adolescents affects physical, psychological, social, and academic function. Although physical activity may play a role, its direct effects and its interactions with sleep difficulties and psychological symptoms remain unclear. This cross-sectional study examined whether physical activity is associated with chronic pain, and whether these associations vary by sleep difficulties and psychological symptoms. We analyzed data from 212,105 individuals (49% girls, age: 11-15 years) from the 2018 Health Behavior in School-aged Children study. Chronic pain, psychological symptoms, sleep difficulties, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and vigorous physical activity (VPA) were assessed using validated self-report measures. Three multivariate logistic regression models (for chronic back pain, stomachache, and headache) examined main and moderation effects, adjusting for age, gender identity, and socioeconomic status. In adjusted main-effects models, higher MVPA was associated with higher odds of chronic back pain (aOR 1.15, 95% CI 1.06-1.25) and stomachache (aOR 1.02, 95% CI 1.00-1.09) but not headache. Interaction models indicated that MVPA associations differed by sleep difficulties, and the VPA-pain association differed by psychological symptoms. In stratified analyses, several MVPA frequency categories (vs 0 d/wk) were associated with lower odds of back pain and stomachache in both low and high sleep-difficulty groups. Vigorous physical activity was associated with lower odds of back pain and stomachache among adolescents with moderate or high psychological symptoms but not those with low symptom frequency. Overall, physical activity was not uniformly protective; associations were pain-type specific and varied according to adolescents sleep and psychological profiles. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 International Association for the Study of Pain. FAU - Ceniza-Bordallo, Guillermo AU - Ceniza-Bordallo G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3012-666 AD - Department of Psychiatry, Center for Health Outcomes and Interdisciplinary Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States. AD - Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States. FAU - Sanchez-Rodriguez, Elisabet AU - Sanchez-Rodriguez E AD - Unit for the Study and Treatment of Pain-ALGOS, Research Center for Behavior Assessment (CRAMC), Department of Psychology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Catalonia, Spain. AD - Institut d'Investigacio Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Catalonia, Spain. FAU - Roman-Juan, Josep AU - Roman-Juan J AD - Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. FAU - Jensen, Mark P AU - Jensen MP AD - Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States. FAU - Miro, Jordi AU - Miro J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1998-6653 AD - Unit for the Study and Treatment of Pain-ALGOS, Research Center for Behavior Assessment (CRAMC), Department of Psychology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Catalonia, Spain. AD - Institut d'Investigacio Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Catalonia, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260507 PL - United States TA - Pain JT - Pain JID - 7508686 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - *Chronic Pain/psychology/epidemiology/physiopathology MH - Male MH - *Sleep Wake Disorders/psychology/epidemiology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Exercise/psychology/physiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Biopsychosocial model OT - Pediatric chronic pain OT - Physical activity OT - Psychological symptoms OT - Sleep difficulties EDAT- 2026/05/07 06:38 MHDA- 2026/07/20 12:40 CRDT- 2026/05/07 02:03 PHST- 2025/03/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/20 12:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/07 06:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/07 02:03 [entrez] AID - 00006396-202608000-00015 [pii] AID - 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003997 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pain. 2026 Aug 1;167(8):1824-1838. doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003997. Epub 2026 May 7. PMID- 42092586 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260730 LR - 20260730 IS - 1531-5037 (Electronic) IS - 0022-3468 (Linking) VI - 61 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Should we continue to follow the swallow? Limited value of routine preoperative upper gastrointestinal (UGI) series in pediatric and adolescent metabolic and bariatric surgery patients. PG - 163177 LID - S0022-3468(26)00260-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2026.163177 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Hiatal hernia is frequently encountered intraoperatively during metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) in adults with relatively poor diagnostic accuracy on preoperative imaging. However, data on pediatric MBS populations is limited. We aimed to determine the prevalence of hiatal hernias in a pediatric bariatric cohort and evaluate the utility of preoperative upper gastrointestinal (UGI) series. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of 94 patients who underwent preoperative UGI series and sleeve gastrectomy from November 2023 to July 2025. Primary outcomes were the prevalence of hiatal hernias on UGI, concordance between UGI and intraoperative findings, and associations with reflux symptoms. RESULTS: Hiatal hernia was identified in one patient (1.1%) on preoperative UGI series, which was consistent with intraoperative findings of a hiatal hernia in the same patient who underwent repair. Gastroesophageal reflux was identified on UGI in 19/90 patients (21%). Of 7 patients (7.4%) who had reflux symptoms preoperatively, only 3 had reflux on UGI. Three months postoperatively, 4/90 patients (4.4%) reported reflux symptoms, 2 of whom had preoperative symptoms and reflux on UGI. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of hiatal hernias in the pediatric MBS population is exceedingly low, and preoperative UGI findings failed to demonstrate meaningful findings. This suggests that UGI is not a useful predictive tool in this setting and routine preoperative evaluation for hiatal hernias may not be warranted. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Lim, Jiyun AU - Lim J AD - Children's Hospital Los Angeles and Keck School of Medicine of USC, Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Los Angeles, CA, United States. Electronic address: jilim@chla.usc.edu. FAU - Kim, Aimee G AU - Kim AG AD - Children's Hospital Los Angeles and Keck School of Medicine of USC, Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Los Angeles, CA, United States. FAU - Vidmar, Alaina P AU - Vidmar AP AD - Children's Hospital Los Angeles and Keck School of Medicine of USC, Department of Pediatrics, Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Los Angeles, CA, United States. FAU - Vu, My H AU - Vu MH AD - Children's Hospital Los Angeles and The Saban Research Institute Biostatistics Core, Los Angeles, CA, United States. FAU - Samakar, Kamran AU - Samakar K AD - Children's Hospital Los Angeles and Keck School of Medicine of USC, Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Division of Upper Gastrointestinal and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Keck Medical Center of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States. FAU - Martin, Matthew J AU - Martin MJ AD - Children's Hospital Los Angeles and Keck School of Medicine of USC, Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Division of Upper Gastrointestinal and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Keck Medical Center of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States. FAU - Abel, Stuart A AU - Abel SA AD - Children's Hospital Los Angeles and Keck School of Medicine of USC, Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Division of Upper Gastrointestinal and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Keck Medical Center of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States. FAU - Belteton, Gisell Figueroa AU - Belteton GF AD - Children's Hospital Los Angeles and Keck School of Medicine of USC, Department of Pediatrics, Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Los Angeles, CA, United States. FAU - Wong, Harry J AU - Wong HJ AD - Children's Hospital Los Angeles and Keck School of Medicine of USC, Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Division of Upper Gastrointestinal and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Keck Medical Center of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260504 PL - United States TA - J Pediatr Surg JT - Journal of pediatric surgery JID - 0052631 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Hernia, Hiatal/epidemiology/diagnosis/diagnostic imaging MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Female MH - Child MH - *Bariatric Surgery MH - Adolescent MH - Male MH - *Preoperative Care/methods MH - Prevalence MH - *Gastroesophageal Reflux/diagnosis/epidemiology/etiology MH - Gastrectomy OTO - NOTNLM OT - Hiatal hernia OT - Metabolic and bariatric surgery OT - Obesity medications OT - Pediatric obesity COIS- Conflict of interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/05/07 06:36 MHDA- 2026/07/31 00:38 CRDT- 2026/05/07 00:09 PHST- 2025/12/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/31 00:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/07 06:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/07 00:09 [entrez] AID - S0022-3468(26)00260-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2026.163177 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Pediatr Surg. 2026 Aug;61(8):163177. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2026.163177. Epub 2026 May 4. PMID- 42092297 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260813 IS - 1365-277X (Electronic) IS - 0952-3871 (Print) IS - 0952-3871 (Linking) VI - 39 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Can Artificial Intelligence Chatbots Plan Therapeutic Ketogenic Diets for Children With Epilepsy? PG - e70263 LID - 10.1111/jhn.70263 [doi] LID - e70263 AB - RATIONALE: Ketogenic Diet Therapy (KDT) is an effective but complex treatment for paediatric drug-resistant epilepsy. Access to trained dietitians limits the global use of KDT. The increasing use of artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots for health and dietary advice presents both opportunities and risks. This exploratory study evaluates the accuracy and feasibility of AI-generated KDT plans for paediatric epilepsy. METHODS: We conducted a comparative analysis of three major AI chatbots: ChatGPT, Microsoft Copilot, and Gemini. Three clinical vignettes, one for each KDT type, were created to represent common KDT diet plans: the Classic Ketogenic Diet (Classic KD), the Medium-Chain Triglyceride (MCT) diet, and the Modified Atkins Diet (MAD). Two KDT dietitians evaluated the AI-generated diet plans for accuracy of macronutrient calculations, appropriateness of food choices, and overall safety and feasibility. RESULTS: All three chatbots failed to produce accurate KD plans. In the Classic KD, none of the chatbots generated menus that matched their calculated macronutrient targets, resulting in widely varying and inaccurate ketogenic ratios. For the MCT diet, the generated menus provided significantly less MCT than prescribed and failed to meet the caloric and macronutrient goals. For the MAD, the chatbots exceeded the specified net carbohydrate limits and provided inappropriate food suggestions. CONCLUSION: AI chatbots, in their current state, are not reliable or safe for generating KDT plans for children with epilepsy. The inaccuracies in macronutrient calculations and inappropriate food suggestions pose significant risks. This study underscores the critical need for human oversight by qualified professionals in the clinical application of AI for specialised dietary therapies. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Dietetic Association. FAU - Ajmera, Faye AU - Ajmera F AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-2046-246X AD - University of Toronto. FAU - Lowe, Helen AU - Lowe H AD - Department of Paediatrics, Division of Neurology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada. FAU - Dickson, Jolynn AU - Dickson J AD - Department of Paediatrics, Division of Neurology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada. FAU - Owusu, Karen AU - Owusu K AD - Department of Paediatrics, Division of Neurology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada. FAU - Zak, Maria AU - Zak M AD - Department of Paediatrics, Division of Neurology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada. FAU - Sharma, Suvasini AU - Sharma S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3135-3306 AD - Division of Neurology, Department of Paediatrics, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - J Hum Nutr Diet JT - Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association JID - 8904840 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Diet, Ketogenic/methods MH - Child MH - *Artificial Intelligence MH - Female MH - *Drug Resistant Epilepsy/diet therapy MH - *Epilepsy/diet therapy MH - Diet, High-Protein Low-Carbohydrate MH - Male MH - Feasibility Studies MH - Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted PMC - PMC13149770 OTO - NOTNLM OT - ChatGPT OT - Google Gemini OT - Microsoft Copilot OT - classic ketogenic diet OT - medium chain triglyceride ketogenic diet OT - modified Atkins diet COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/07 00:32 MHDA- 2026/05/07 06:35 PMCR- 2026/05/07 CRDT- 2026/05/06 23:53 PHST- 2026/04/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/07 06:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/07 00:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/06 23:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JHN70263 [pii] AID - 10.1111/jhn.70263 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Hum Nutr Diet. 2026 Jun;39(3):e70263. doi: 10.1111/jhn.70263. PMID- 42090986 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260716 IS - 1878-7487 (Electronic) IS - 1752-928X (Linking) VI - 120 DP - 2026 May TI - AgeMiner: A novel metadata-integrated chronological age predictor based on bone mineral density data. PG - 103149 LID - S1752-928X(26)00081-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jflm.2026.103149 [doi] AB - The estimation of chronological age based on bone mineral density (BMD) metrics for specific anatomical sites is a critical task in forensic anthropology. Although dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans of the distal 1/3 of radius and ulna are widely used in large-scale osteoporosis screenings, forensic studies leveraging such data remain scarce. This study utilized a retrospective dataset (spanning ages 12-96) of 5,134 DXA scans from the distal 1/3 radius and ulna. We analyzed these DXA scans with metadata, including sex, body mass index (BMI), and osteoporosis diagnoses, to train machine learning models. Linear regression (LR), support vector regression (SVR), random forest regression (RFR), XGBoost (XGB), and LightGBM (LGBM) models were optimized via Bayesian cross-validation. Results indicate that the simplest model constructed solely based on BMD data + Diagnoses showed good performance with a mean absolute error (MAE) of 2.40 years. The best-performing model was the RFR model built using the combination of Female + Diagnoses, with an MAE of 2.18 years. When only considering BMI, the best model was the RFR model for the Normal weight + Diagnoses combination, with an MAE of 2.54 years. These models have been integrated into the AgeMiner tool (https://github.com/Rarapie/AgeMiner), allowing forensic users to select the optimal model according to metadata of the tested person, thereby enabling fast and end-to-end chronological age estimation. In summary, AgeMiner and its integrated ML models provide an efficient, accurate, and customizable tool for forensic age estimation in adults and the elderly. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier Ltd and Faculty of Forensic and Legal Medicine. All rights reserved. FAU - Lei, Fanzhang AU - Lei F AD - Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China. FAU - Wang, Yuanyuan AU - Wang Y AD - Department of Health Management, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China. FAU - Yuan, Xi AU - Yuan X AD - Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China. FAU - Wu, Chengkai AU - Wu C AD - School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China. FAU - Fu, Jing AU - Fu J AD - Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China. FAU - Mao, Chen AU - Mao C AD - Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China. Electronic address: maochen9@smu.edu.cn. FAU - Zhu, Bofeng AU - Zhu B AD - Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China. Electronic address: zhubofeng@i.smu.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260417 PL - England TA - J Forensic Leg Med JT - Journal of forensic and legal medicine JID - 101300022 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Age Determination by Skeleton/methods MH - Female MH - *Bone Density MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Child MH - Absorptiometry, Photon MH - Adolescent MH - Middle Aged MH - Aged MH - Adult MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - Body Mass Index MH - Boosting Machine Learning Algorithms MH - Random Forest MH - Linear Models MH - Ulna/diagnostic imaging MH - Radius/diagnostic imaging MH - *Machine Learning MH - Osteoporosis MH - Forensic Anthropology MH - Bayes Theorem MH - *Metadata MH - Support Vector Machine OTO - NOTNLM OT - Age estimation OT - Bone mineral density OT - Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry OT - Forensic anthropology OT - Machine learning COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/05/07 00:33 MHDA- 2026/05/31 05:33 CRDT- 2026/05/06 18:08 PHST- 2025/09/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/12/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/31 05:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/07 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/06 18:08 [entrez] AID - S1752-928X(26)00081-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jflm.2026.103149 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Forensic Leg Med. 2026 May;120:103149. doi: 10.1016/j.jflm.2026.103149. Epub 2026 Apr 17. PMID- 42090695 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260813 IS - 1678-8060 (Electronic) IS - 0074-0276 (Print) IS - 0074-0276 (Linking) VI - 121 DP - 2026 TI - A non-destructive image-based approach to quantify blood meal size in Lutzomyia longipalpis (Diptera: Psychodidae). PG - e250158 LID - S0074-02762026000105029 [pii] LID - 10.1590/0074-02760250158 [doi] LID - e250158 AB - BACKGROUND: Phlebotomine sand flies are hematophagous vectors of major human pathogens, including Leishmania spp., with blood ingestion essential for reproduction and vector competence. Accurate quantification of blood meal volume is crucial for understanding physiological processes and transmission dynamics. OBJECTIVES: Here, we introduce a novel, non-destructive image-based method to estimate blood intake in Lutzomyia longipalpis, the principal vector of Leishmania infantum in the Americas. METHODS: High-resolution images of unfed and blood-fed females were analysed using Fiji ImageJ (open-source software) when several morphometric parameters were measured and validated against biochemical haemoglobin (Hb) quantification. FINDINGS: Blood-fed females exhibited a 56.6% increase in abdominal width and a shift toward a rounded body shape, which was strongly correlated with a visible transilluminated abdominal area (R(2) = 0.92). Some parameters, such as mean grey value and abdominal length, showed a low to moderate correlation with Hb content (R < 0.60). However, the correlation with abdominal area and width was R approximately 0.90, indicating those are reliable parameters that can be used to estimate blood intake by Lu. longipalpis females. MAIN CONCLUSIONS: Unlike spectrophotometric methods, this approach preserves specimen integrity, which, in theory, enables longitudinal studies on physiology and host-parasite interactions. This methodology offers a reliable, scalable, and cost-effective alternative for estimating blood meal. FAU - Costa, Lidiane Medeiros da AU - Costa LMD AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Departamento de Parasitologia, Laboratorio de Fisiologia de Insetos Hematofagos, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil. FAU - Sant'Anna, Mauricio Roberto Viana AU - Sant'Anna MRV AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2504-0979 AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Departamento de Parasitologia, Laboratorio de Fisiologia de Insetos Hematofagos, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil. FAU - Generoso, Laura Aquino AU - Generoso LA AD - Pontificia Universidade Catolica de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil. FAU - Cruz, Geisler Peixoto da AU - Cruz GPD AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Departamento de Parasitologia, Laboratorio de Fisiologia de Insetos Hematofagos, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil. FAU - Pessoa, Grasielle Caldas D'Avila AU - Pessoa GCD AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Departamento de Parasitologia, Laboratorio de Entomologia Medica, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil. FAU - Araujo, Ricardo Nascimento AU - Araujo RN AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Departamento de Parasitologia, Laboratorio de Artropodes Hematofagos, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil. FAU - Gontijo, Nelder de Figueiredo AU - Gontijo NF AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Departamento de Parasitologia, Laboratorio de Fisiologia de Insetos Hematofagos, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil. FAU - Pereira, Marcos Horacio AU - Pereira MH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4843-0088 AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Departamento de Parasitologia, Laboratorio de Fisiologia de Insetos Hematofagos, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260501 PL - Brazil TA - Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz JT - Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz JID - 7502619 RN - 0 (Hemoglobins) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - *Psychodidae/physiology/anatomy & histology MH - Female MH - *Feeding Behavior/physiology MH - *Insect Vectors/physiology/anatomy & histology MH - *Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods MH - Hemoglobins/analysis PMC - PMC13143169 COIS- The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/06 18:32 MHDA- 2026/05/06 18:33 PMCR- 2026/05/01 CRDT- 2026/05/06 16:23 PHST- 2025/06/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/01/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/06 18:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/06 18:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/06 16:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0074-02762026000105029 [pii] AID - 10.1590/0074-02760250158 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2026 May 1;121:e250158. doi: 10.1590/0074-02760250158. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42090668 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260813 IS - 1806-9282 (Electronic) IS - 0104-4230 (Print) IS - 0104-4230 (Linking) VI - 72 IP - 1 DP - 2026 TI - Utility of multivessel Doppler assessment for predicting adverse neonatal outcome in late-onset intrauterine growth restriction. PG - e20250309 LID - S0104-42302026000102202 [pii] LID - 10.1590/1806-9282.20250309 [doi] LID - e20250309 AB - OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the change of Doppler measurements among late-onset intrauterine growth restriction and appropriate for gestational age fetuses and to estimate the neonatal adverse outcome in late-onset intrauterine growth restriction during longitudinal Doppler assessments. METHODS: This study was conducted at a tertiary referral hospital with 50 appropriate for gestational age and 50 late-onset intrauterine growth restriction fetuses. Late-onset intrauterine growth restriction was defined as the detection and diagnosis of growth restriction from the 32nd week of gestation. Doppler assessments were performed longitudinally for the uterine arteries, umbilical artery, and middle cerebral artery from 32 weeks of gestation until delivery. The cerebroplacental ratio was calculated for each analysis. Neonatal outcomes were recorded after delivery. Statistical analysis was performed, and a p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Compared with appropriate for gestational age, umbilical artery pulsatility index and adverse neonatal outcomes were higher in late-onset intrauterine growth restriction (p<0.001, p<0.001), while term middle cerebral artery pulsatility index and term cerebroplacental ratio were lower (p=0.013, p<0.001). According to adverse neonatal outcomes in late-onset intrauterine growth restriction, term uterine arteries pulsatility index and pre-term umbilical artery pulsatility index were higher (p=0.002, p=0.013); middle cerebral artery pulsatility index and term cerebroplacental ratio were lower but without statistical significance. CONCLUSION: Umbilical artery pulsatility index, term middle cerebral artery pulsatility index, and cerebroplacental ratio are significantly different between appropriate for gestational age and late-onset intrauterine growth restriction fetuses; however, only increased uterine arteries pulsatility index on term Doppler scans may be useful in detecting adverse neonatal outcomes in late-onset intrauterine growth restriction. FAU - Karkin, Pakize Ozge AU - Karkin PO AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3296-8887 AD - University of Health Sciences, Istanbul Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology - Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Kalelioglu, Ibrahim Halil AU - Kalelioglu IH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5504-2166 AD - Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine - Istanbul, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260501 PL - Brazil TA - Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) JT - Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992) JID - 9308586 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Fetal Growth Retardation/diagnostic imaging/physiopathology MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *Umbilical Arteries/diagnostic imaging/physiopathology MH - Middle Cerebral Artery/diagnostic imaging/physiopathology MH - *Ultrasonography, Prenatal/methods MH - Gestational Age MH - Uterine Artery/diagnostic imaging/physiopathology MH - *Ultrasonography, Doppler/methods MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Pregnancy Outcome MH - Adult MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - Pulsatile Flow/physiology PMC - PMC13138703 COIS- Conflicts of interest: the authors declare there is no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/06 18:32 MHDA- 2026/05/06 18:33 PMCR- 2026/05/01 CRDT- 2026/05/06 16:22 PHST- 2025/09/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/11/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/06 18:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/06 18:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/06 16:22 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0104-42302026000102202 [pii] AID - 10.1590/1806-9282.20250309 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 2026 May 1;72(1):e20250309. doi: 10.1590/1806-9282.20250309. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42090600 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261019 LR - 20261019 IS - 1748-3115 (Electronic) IS - 1748-3107 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Impact of adapted folk games on activity and participation in individuals with cerebral palsy - an exploratory proof of concept study. PG - 3758-3771 LID - 10.1080/17483107.2026.2667442 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: This exploratory study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and preliminary impact of adapted traditional Indian folk games on physical activity (PA) and participation in individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) in low-resource settings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A two-phase exploratory design was employed. Phase I involved the systematic adaptation of traditional games (e.g. THOTTATUM, GUTTE) using the CHANGE IT framework, tailoring equipment and rules to functional levels (GMFCS I-IV). In Phase II, 36 participants with CP (GMFCS I-IV) underwent a structured intervention using these adapted games. Outcome measures included are Brockport Physical Fitness [BPFT], Gross Motor Function Measure 88 and a functional HRQoL questionnaire covering physical, emotional, social, and school domains. RESULTS: Post-intervention analysis of the total cohort showed significant improvements in handgrip strength and skinfold measurement. Significant positive shifts were observed in HRQoL domains, specifically physical (p < 0.05), emotional (p < 0.05), and school functioning. Qualitative feedback from parents and teachers corroborated these findings, noting improved activities of daily living (e.g. buttoning, brushing) and social interaction. Subgroup analysis indicated that while all levels benefitted, those at GMFCS Levels I-III showed the most pronounced gains in motor-related tasks. CONCLUSIONS: Adapted traditional folk games serve as a feasible, culturally relevant, and cost-effective form of assistive technology and rehabilitation. This approach effectively bridges the gap in accessible physical education for individuals with CP in Low and Middle Income Countries (LMIC's), providing a scalable model for inclusive activity and participation. FAU - Rahman A, Mansoor AU - Rahman A M AD - Department of Physiotherapy, SRM College of Physiotherapy, SRM University Tiruchirappalli Campus, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India. FAU - Kumar, Jagadish AU - Kumar J AD - Department of Paediatrics, JSS Medical College and Hospital, Mysuru, Karnataka, India. FAU - Raja, Kavitha AU - Raja K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8787-2079 AD - Department of Physiotherapy, JSS College of Physiotherapy, Mysuru, Karnataka, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260506 PL - England TA - Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol JT - Disability and rehabilitation. Assistive technology JID - 101255937 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Cerebral Palsy/rehabilitation MH - Male MH - Female MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - Activities of Daily Living MH - Hand Strength MH - Proof of Concept Study MH - Quality of Life MH - *Games, Recreational MH - *Exercise MH - Feasibility Studies MH - Adult MH - Surveys and Questionnaires OAB - Low-Cost Clinical Intervention: Adapted traditional folk games provide a cost-effective, culturally familiar method to enhance activity and participation in individuals with cerebral palsy. This approach is particularly valuable in low-resource settings where expensive specialised exercise equipment and high-tech assistive devices are often inaccessible.Systematic Adaptation Framework: The study provides a structured framework (using the CHANGE IT model) for clinicians to adapt traditional games of various geographical origins. By modifying game rules, equipment (e.g., adaptive stone moulds), and environments (e.g., wheelchair-integrated boards), rehabilitation professionals can tailor culturally relevant activities to match a participant's specific functional level (GMFCS I-IV).Social and Educational Integration: These adapted games facilitate inclusive physical education and social bonding, as evidenced by improved HRQoL in physical, emotional, and academic domains. This model supports the integration of rehabilitation goals into daily school curricula and community life, fostering social participation alongside motor improvement. OABL- eng OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cerebral palsy OT - activity OT - adaptive sports OT - games OT - participation OT - traditional games EDAT- 2026/05/06 18:32 MHDA- 2026/10/19 17:31 CRDT- 2026/05/06 15:23 PHST- 2026/10/19 17:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/06 18:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/06 15:23 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/17483107.2026.2667442 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol. 2026 Oct;21(7):3758-3771. doi: 10.1080/17483107.2026.2667442. Epub 2026 May 6. PMID- 42089393 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260908 IS - 1532-7795 (Electronic) IS - 1050-8392 (Print) IS - 1050-8392 (Linking) VI - 36 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Understanding sleep and smartphone use in diverse adolescents through passive digital monitoring. PG - e70192 LID - 10.1111/jora.70192 [doi] LID - e70192 AB - Adolescents are among the most frequent smartphone users worldwide. Yet, few studies have examined how smartphone use appears among minority adolescents, including sexual and gender minority (SGM) youth and children of immigrant parents, who often experience unique stressors and heightened mental-health risk. Passive smartphone monitoring provides a promising, low-burden method for continuously and objectively assessing real-world behavior, offering new opportunities to identify dynamic markers of mental health challenges, including suicide risk, in daily life. The present study evaluated the feasibility of a replicable framework for passive smartphone monitoring among adolescents at high risk for suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STB) and explored longitudinal differences in smartphone-derived behavioral features across minority subgroups. Ninety-nine adolescents aged 11-18 with recent STB completed baseline assessments and installed the iFeel app, which collected passive smartphone data for 6 months, including total and social-media screen time and phone-inactivity-based proxy sleep indicators inferred from nighttime phone inactivity. Participants contributed 1500 participant-weeks of data, with an average of 11.9 weeks of valid monitoring, supporting the feasibility and acceptability of this approach. Daily smartphone use time, social-media activity time, and sleep duration were comparable to normative adolescent data. No significant longitudinal differences emerged between SGM and non-SGM adolescents. However, immigrant-origin adolescents displayed shorter but more stable sleep patterns compared to non-immigrant origins, who exhibited longer baseline sleep with steeper declines over time. Findings highlight passive sensing as a feasible, inclusive, and scalable method for examining real-world behavioral processes associated with STB and mental health outcomes among diverse adolescents. This framework offers a scalable approach that future studies can apply to deepen real-time understanding of mental-health challenges and behavioral patterns among diverse adolescents. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Journal of Research on Adolescence published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society for Research on Adolescence. FAU - Shahnovsky, Oren AU - Shahnovsky O AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-4225-205X AD - Department of Community Mental Health, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel. AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tikvah, Israel. FAU - Ekstein, Daniella AU - Ekstein D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3674-0786 AD - Department of Community Mental Health, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel. FAU - Friedman, Talia AU - Friedman T AD - Data Science Institute, Reichman University, Herzliya, Israel. FAU - Stemmer, Maya AU - Stemmer M AD - Data Science Institute, Reichman University, Herzliya, Israel. FAU - Carmi, Lior AU - Carmi L AD - Data Science Institute, Reichman University, Herzliya, Israel. FAU - Benaroya-Milshtein, Noa AU - Benaroya-Milshtein N AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tikvah, Israel. AD - Gray Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel. FAU - Fine, Shai AU - Fine S AD - Data Science Institute, Reichman University, Herzliya, Israel. FAU - Barzilay, Shira AU - Barzilay S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4026-6204 AD - Department of Community Mental Health, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel. LA - eng GR - Graduate Studies Authority and Bloom School for Graduate Studies, University of Haifa/ GR - Bishvil Hahayim (R.A.) Association/ GR - Data Science Institute, Reichman University/ GR - Lior Zfati Center for Suicide and Mental Pain Research/ GR - 3-15289/Ministry of Science and Technology, Israel/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - J Res Adolesc JT - Journal of research on adolescence : the official journal of the Society for Research on Adolescence JID - 9109126 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - *Smartphone/statistics & numerical data MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Sleep MH - *Adolescent Behavior/psychology MH - Child MH - Suicidal Ideation MH - *Sexual and Gender Minorities/psychology/statistics & numerical data MH - Screen Time MH - Feasibility Studies MH - Emigrants and Immigrants/psychology/statistics & numerical data MH - Mobile Applications PMC - PMC13147491 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - minority populations OT - passive sensing OT - passive smartphone monitoring OT - suicide COIS- No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s). EDAT- 2026/05/06 12:34 MHDA- 2026/05/06 12:35 PMCR- 2026/05/06 CRDT- 2026/05/06 06:54 PHST- 2025/11/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/06 12:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/06 12:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/06 06:54 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JORA70192 [pii] AID - 10.1111/jora.70192 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Res Adolesc. 2026 Jun;36(2):e70192. doi: 10.1111/jora.70192. PMID- 42088677 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260506 LR - 20260813 IS - 1664-1078 (Print) IS - 1664-1078 (Electronic) IS - 1664-1078 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric validation of the self-efficacy scale for physical education teacher education majors toward children with disabilities for Brazilian Portuguese. PG - 1782205 LID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1782205 [doi] LID - 1782205 AB - INTRODUCTION: The participation of people with disabilities (PWD) in physical activity and sports is essential for social inclusion and health promotion. The self-efficacy perceived by professionals greatly influences the success of inclusive practices; higher confidence in adapting activities and addressing diverse needs leads to better experiences for PWD. The self-efficacy scale for physical education teacher education majors toward children with disabilities (SE-PETE-D) measures this construct but lacked a validated Brazilian version. OBJECTIVE: To translate, culturally adapt, and validate the Brazilian Portuguese version, named EAE-EFI/Brazil. RESULTS: Content validity indices exceeded 0.90 across all subscales. Exploratory factor analysis revealed high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha > 0.96). Confirmatory factor analysis showed acceptable model fit (RMSEA <0.10; CFI, TLI, IFI > 0.90), supporting the original structure for subscales related to physical disability (PD) and visual impairment (VI). CONCLUSION: The EAE-EFI/Brazil is a valid and reliable tool for assessing physical education teachers' and students' self-efficacy concerning inclusion of individuals with intellectual disabilities, PD, and VI in Brazil. Future studies should evaluate the scale's applicability in diverse contexts and explore links with professional development and institutional support, advancing inclusive practices and policies in Brazilian education. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Guerreiro, Winckler, Almeida, Block and Silva. FAU - Guerreiro, Renato de Carvalho AU - Guerreiro RC AD - Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Governador Valadares, Brazil. AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. AD - Comite Paralimpico Brasileiro, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Winckler, Ciro AU - Winckler C AD - Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo - UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - de Almeida, Raphael Moreira AU - de Almeida RM AD - Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo - UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Block, Martin E AU - Block ME AD - University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States. FAU - Silva, Andressa AU - Silva A AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260420 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Psychol JT - Frontiers in psychology JID - 101550902 PMC - PMC13136146 OTO - NOTNLM OT - EAE-EFI/Brazil OT - SE-PETE-D OT - cross-cultural adaptation OT - inclusive physical education OT - physical education teacher OT - professional development OT - self-efficacy scale OT - special educational needs COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/06 06:37 MHDA- 2026/05/06 06:38 PMCR- 2026/04/20 CRDT- 2026/05/06 05:03 PHST- 2026/01/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/06 06:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/06 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/06 05:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1782205 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Psychol. 2026 Apr 20;17:1782205. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1782205. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42087872 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260813 IS - 1664-2392 (Print) IS - 1664-2392 (Electronic) IS - 1664-2392 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Steroid hormones in early pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes: a Chinese birth cohort. PG - 1667039 LID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1667039 [doi] LID - 1667039 AB - BACKGROUND: Adverse birth outcomes (ABOs) are major public health concerns. While maternal steroid hormones are essential for fetal development, their individual and combined effects on ABO remain unclear. METHODS: This prospective cohort study included 364 pregnant women (30.7 +/- 4.0 years) in Guangzhou, China. Nineteen steroid hormones were measured by LC-MS/MS. Regression and Qgcomp models were used to assess individual and combined associations with ABO, including low birth weight, macrosomia, small for gestational age (SGA), large for gestational age, and preterm birth. RESULTS: Pregnant women with ABO had higher levels of androstenedione (A4) and testosterone (T) and lower levels of 11-deoxycortisol (11-DOF) and estriol (E3). In linear regression models, each 1-SD increase in cortisol (F) was associated with increases of 0.18 cm (95% CI: 0.02, 0.34) in birth length and 0.24 cm (95% CI: 0.04, 0.44) in head circumference, whereas estrone (E1) was inversely associated with gestational age (-0.20 weeks, 95% CI: -0.36, -0.05). In logistic regression analyses, each 1-SD increase in A4 (OR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.72), T (OR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.08, 1.73), and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) (OR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.69) was associated with higher odds of ABO, whereas 11-DOF was inversely associated with ABO (OR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.50, 0.98). For SGA, each 1-SD increase in A4 (OR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.94) and T (OR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.08, 1.99) was associated with increased risk, whereas F (OR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.72, 0.97) and 11-DOF (OR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.35, 0.95) were inversely associated. In Qgcomp analyses, the androgen mixture was associated with ABO (OR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.97) and SGA (OR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.04, 3.01), with A4 and T contributing the largest weights. Consistent directional patterns were observed for androgen-related hormones across outcomes and analytical approaches. CONCLUSIONS: Maternal hormonal milieu in early pregnancy may be associated with fetal growth and ABO risk, with consistent patterns for androgen-related hormones. These findings are exploratory and require validation in larger cohorts. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Wu, Ji, Li, Diao, Wu, Ruan, Luo and Luo. FAU - Wu, Weixiang AU - Wu W AD - Department of Clinical Laboratory, Women and Children's Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China. AD - Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Ji, Cunwei AU - Ji C AD - Department of Clinical Laboratory, Women and Children's Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China. AD - Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Li, Hongyu AU - Li H AD - Department of Clinical Laboratory, Women and Children's Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China. AD - Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Diao, Fuqiang AU - Diao F AD - Department of Clinical Laboratory, Women and Children's Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China. AD - Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Wu, Lihong AU - Wu L AD - Department of Clinical Laboratory, Women and Children's Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China. AD - Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Ruan, Xiaolin AU - Ruan X AD - Department of Clinical Laboratory, Women and Children's Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China. AD - Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Luo, Youwen AU - Luo Y AD - Department of Clinical Laboratory, Women and Children's Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China. AD - Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Luo, Mingyong AU - Luo M AD - Department of Clinical Laboratory, Women and Children's Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China. AD - Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260420 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) JT - Frontiers in endocrinology JID - 101555782 RN - 409J2J96VR (Androstenedione) RN - 3XMK78S47O (Testosterone) RN - Chinese people SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Pregnancy MH - Androstenedione/blood MH - Birth Cohort MH - Birth Weight MH - China/epidemiology MH - Infant, Large for Gestational Age MH - Infant, Low Birth Weight MH - Infant, Small for Gestational Age MH - *Pregnancy Outcome/epidemiology MH - *Premature Birth/epidemiology/blood MH - Prospective Studies MH - Testosterone/blood MH - East Asian People PMC - PMC13135977 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adverse birth outcomes OT - androgen OT - androstenedione OT - combined effect OT - steroid hormones OT - testosterone COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/06 06:40 MHDA- 2026/05/06 06:41 PMCR- 2026/04/20 CRDT- 2026/05/06 04:54 PHST- 2025/07/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/06 06:41 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/06 06:40 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/06 04:54 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1667039 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2026 Apr 20;17:1667039. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2026.1667039. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42087450 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260811 LR - 20260813 IS - 1651-2227 (Electronic) IS - 0803-5253 (Print) IS - 0803-5253 (Linking) VI - 115 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Early Transepidermal Water Loss in Term Neonates and Its Perinatal Influences Using a Closed-Chamber System. PG - 1923-1928 LID - 10.1111/apa.70583 [doi] AB - AIMS: To establish transepidermal water loss values on the first postnatal day in healthy term neonates and associations with perinatal factors utilising a closed-chamber system. METHODS: A cross-sectional single-centre study was conducted over a 7-month period. Healthy infants >/= 37-week gestation and 2-24 h old were recruited. Transepidermal water loss was measured at a single time-point, non-invasively under typical ambient conditions using a standardised approach. Anthropometric and perinatal variables were collated. Outcomes assessed included device validity and reliability, transepidermal water loss values, and interactions with maternal and infant variables. RESULTS: A total of 120 term infants were recruited. The intra-class correlation coefficient of three consecutive readings was 0.735, indicating good reliability. There was no interaction between transepidermal water loss and ambient conditions. Mean values were 13.9 +/- 3.28 g/m(2)/h. The 5th and 95th percentiles were 9.7 and 20.3 g/m(2)/h, respectively. Each additional postnatal hour conferred a reduction in transepidermal water loss of 0.11 g/m(2)/h. Caesarean section increased transepidermal losses by 1.4 g/m(2)/h. No other associations were significant. CONCLUSION: Early postnatal transepidermal water loss in the term infant is low but variable. Physiological variability is not attributable to typical ambient conditions or common perinatal factors, indicating a uniformly competent skin barrier at term. CI - (c) 2026 Foundation Acta Paediatrica. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - McGrath, Colin P AU - McGrath CP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3440-4391 AD - Department of Neonatology, The Rotunda Hospital, Dublin, Ireland. FAU - Boyle, Michael A AU - Boyle MA AD - Department of Neonatology, The Rotunda Hospital, Dublin, Ireland. AD - Department of Paediatrics, RCSI University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland. LA - eng GR - The Rotunda Foundation/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260505 PL - Norway TA - Acta Paediatr JT - Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) JID - 9205968 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Water Loss, Insensible MH - Female MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male PMC - PMC13460648 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Transepidermal water loss OT - closed-chamber device OT - non-invasive measurement OT - skin integrity COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/06 06:40 MHDA- 2026/08/11 17:36 PMCR- 2026/08/11 CRDT- 2026/05/06 01:43 PHST- 2026/04/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/11 17:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/06 06:40 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/06 01:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - APA70583 [pii] AID - 10.1111/apa.70583 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Acta Paediatr. 2026 Sep;115(9):1923-1928. doi: 10.1111/apa.70583. Epub 2026 May 5. PMID- 42086291 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260813 IS - 2054-4774 (Print) IS - 2054-4774 (Electronic) IS - 2054-4774 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 5 TI - Transarterial chemoembolisation-based combination therapy as a potential new standard for intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma in the targeted immunotherapy era. LID - 10.1136/bmjgast-2025-002154 [doi] LID - e002154 AB - Transarterial chemoembolisation (TACE) is the standard therapy for intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, its efficacy is limited by significant tumour heterogeneity. Recent landmark trials (EMERALD-1 and LEAP-012) demonstrated that adding targeted immunotherapy to TACE significantly improves progression-free survival compared with TACE alone. However, the inconsistent overall survival (OS) benefit, particularly in LEAP-012, highlights the necessity for precision patient stratification. Key determinants of outcomes include tumour burden, liver function, microvascular invasion (MVI), systemic inflammation, immune status and comorbidities. For patients with low tumour burden, optimised locoregional therapies can achieve higher complete response rates. For high tumour burden, multimodal strategies are required, with increasing evidence supporting TACE plus targeted therapy with or without immunotherapy. MVI-positive HCC derives added benefit from adjuvant tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) after TACE, while dynamic liver function monitoring is crucial for safety, especially in patients with Child-Pugh B. Future directions should focus on developing and validating robust multidimensional stratification models. These models should integrate key established determinants-such as tumour burden, liver function reserve, MVI, systemic inflammatory/immune status, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and comorbidities-with promising emerging biomarkers (eg, circulating tumour DNA). Concurrent efforts are needed to optimise combination regimens and conduct health-economic evaluations. Global collaboration and cost-effectiveness analyses are essential to prioritise high-benefit subgroups (eg, those with high tumour burden, MVI positivity and/or mild inflammation, active immune status alongside preserved liver function and limited comorbidities) for intensive combination therapy while avoiding overtreatment in lower-benefit populations. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ Group. FAU - Chen, Shuanggang AU - Chen S AD - Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. AD - State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. FAU - Shen, Lujun AU - Shen L AD - Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. AD - State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. FAU - Qi, Han AU - Qi H AD - Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. AD - State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. FAU - Hu, Pan AU - Hu P AD - Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. AD - State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. FAU - Cao, Fei AU - Cao F AD - Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. AD - State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. FAU - Xie, Lin AU - Xie L AD - Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. AD - State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. FAU - Wang, Yujia AU - Wang Y AD - Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. AD - State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. FAU - Fan, Weijun AU - Fan W AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8757-647X AD - Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China fanwj@sysucc.org.cn. AD - State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260505 PL - England TA - BMJ Open Gastroenterol JT - BMJ open gastroenterology JID - 101660690 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/therapy/pathology/mortality MH - *Liver Neoplasms/therapy/pathology/mortality MH - *Chemoembolization, Therapeutic/methods MH - *Immunotherapy/methods MH - Combined Modality Therapy/methods MH - Neoplasm Staging MH - Treatment Outcome MH - Tumor Burden MH - Progression-Free Survival MH - Molecular Targeted Therapy/methods PMC - PMC13150888 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CANCER IMMUNOBIOLOGY OT - HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA OT - IMMUNOLOGY OT - IMMUNOLOGY IN HEPATOLOGY COIS- Competing interests: None declared. EDAT- 2026/05/06 00:33 MHDA- 2026/05/06 00:34 PMCR- 2026/05/05 CRDT- 2026/05/05 20:52 PHST- 2025/10/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/06 00:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/06 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/05 20:52 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjgast-2025-002154 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjgast-2025-002154 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Open Gastroenterol. 2026 May 5;13(1):e002154. doi: 10.1136/bmjgast-2025-002154. PMID- 42086263 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260813 IS - 2044-6055 (Electronic) IS - 2044-6055 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 5 DP - 2026 May 5 TI - Comparing the Asia-Pacific Colorectal Screening and adjusted Asia-Pacific Colorectal Screening scores for risk stratification of advanced colorectal neoplasia in asymptomatic Vietnamese: a cross-sectional study. PG - e102941 LID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2025-102941 [doi] LID - e102941 AB - OBJECTIVE: The Asia-Pacific Colorectal Screening (APCS) score is a validated tool for predicting advanced colorectal neoplasia (ACN) in the Asia-Pacific region. An adjusted APCS (A-APCS) score was recently developed by incorporating body mass index into the original score and was reported to outperform the original score but lacked external validation. This study aimed to compare the A-APCS score with the original APCS score in asymptomatic Vietnamese individuals. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study. SETTING: Dai Phuoc Polyclinic, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. PARTICIPANTS: Asymptomatic individuals underwent colonoscopy screening. OUTCOME MEASURES: Participants were categorised into three risk groups based on the sum of the APCS and A-APCS scores: average risk (AR), moderate risk (MR) and high risk (HR). The performance of the two scores was compared via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and McNemar tests. RESULTS: A total of 714 participants (median age 51 years, range: 18-79; female-to-male ratio: 1:1.46) were included, with an ACN prevalence of 9.0%. Both scores indicated effective predictive ability for ACN in the HR group compared with the AR group, with OR=3.878 (95% CI 1.777 to 8.068) and 3.266 (95% CI 1.617 to 6.595), respectively. The A-APCS score was more effective than the APCS score in predicting ACN in the MR group than in the AR group. However, no significant differences in area under the ROC curve were observed between the two scores for ACN prediction. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with the APCS score, the A-APCS score may not provide improved ACN risk stratification in asymptomatic Vietnamese individuals. Both scores are suboptimal and should be used to prioritise, rather than exclude, candidates for colonoscopy. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ Group. FAU - Quach, Duc Trong AU - Quach DT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0141-921X AD - Department of Internal Medicine and Gastro-Hepato Integrated Research Team (GHIRT-002.TCM2025), University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam drquachtd@gmail.com. AD - Department of Gastroenterology, Nhan Dan Gia Dinh Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam. FAU - Vu, Nhu Thi Hanh AU - Vu NTH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4208-7813 AD - Department of Internal Medicine and Gastro-Hepato Integrated Research Team (GHIRT-002.TCM2025), University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam. FAU - To, Huong Thi Thuy AU - To HTT AD - Dai Phuoc Polyclinic, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam. FAU - Tong, Hong Nguyen Diem AU - Tong HND AD - Dai Phuoc Polyclinic, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam. FAU - Nguyen, Dao Thi Anh AU - Nguyen DTA AD - Dai Phuoc Polyclinic, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam. FAU - Phan, Thu Dang Anh AU - Phan TDA AD - Department of Histology-Embryology and Pathology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam. FAU - Ngo, Dat Quoc AU - Ngo DQ AD - Department of Histology-Embryology and Pathology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam. FAU - Hiyama, Toru AU - Hiyama T AD - Health Service Center, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260505 PL - England TA - BMJ Open JT - BMJ open JID - 101552874 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnosis/epidemiology MH - Male MH - Female MH - Vietnam/epidemiology MH - Middle Aged MH - Adult MH - Colonoscopy MH - *Early Detection of Cancer/methods MH - Risk Assessment/methods MH - Aged MH - ROC Curve MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - Mass Screening/methods PMC - PMC13150889 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Early Detection of Cancer OT - Gastrointestinal tumours OT - Risk Assessment COIS- Competing interests: None declared. EDAT- 2026/05/06 00:35 MHDA- 2026/05/06 00:36 PMCR- 2026/05/05 CRDT- 2026/05/05 20:42 PHST- 2026/05/06 00:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/06 00:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/05 20:42 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjopen-2025-102941 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2025-102941 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Open. 2026 May 5;16(5):e102941. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2025-102941. PMID- 42083482 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260817 IS - 1476-8305 (Electronic) IS - 1028-415X (Linking) VI - 29 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Undernutrition in children with cerebral palsy: comparison of anthropometric measures across gross motor function levels. PG - 679-687 LID - 10.1080/1028415X.2026.2666618 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Nutritional assessment in children with cerebral palsy (CP) remains challenging because growth patterns, body composition, and the feasibility of anthropometric measurements vary according to motor severity. This study aimed to compare anthropometric indicators of undernutrition in children with CP according to Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels. METHODS: In this observational cross-sectional study, forty-three children with CP aged 2-18 years were evaluated. Patients were grouped as GMFCS I-II-III and IV-V. Anthropometric, demographic, and clinical data were analyzed. Undernutrition was defined using age-specific z-scores for height, weight, body mass index (BMI), mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), and triceps skinfold thickness (TST) based on 'Centers for Disease Control and Prevention' growth charts. Weight-based undernutrition was also re-evaluated using CP-specific Brooks weight-for-age percentiles in a sensitivity analysis. RESULTS: Undernutrition was identified in 33% of patients based on height-for-age z-scores, 49% based on weight-for-age and BMI z-scores, 47% based on MUAC z-scores, and 28% based on TST z-scores. Children in GMFCS IV-V had significantly lower height-for-age, weight-for-age, and MUAC z-scores than those in GMFCS I-II-III (p = 0.02, p < 0.001, p = 0.02, respectively). BMI z-score identified undernutrition more frequently in GMFCS I-II-III, whereas weight-for-age and MUAC z-scores were more informative in GMFCS IV-V. In sensitivity analysis, the higher rate of low weight in the GMFCS IV-V group was less marked with CP-specific Brooks references. DISCUSSION: Undernutrition is frequent in children with CP, particularly in those with more severe motor impairment. Nutritional risk assessment appears to be method- and reference-dependent, supporting a multidimensional anthropometric approach in clinical practice. FAU - Basarir, Gunce AU - Basarir G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5887-6468 AD - Department of Pediatric Neurology, University of Health Sciences, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkiye. AD - Department of Pediatric Neurology, University of Health Sciences, Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Bozkaya Yilmaz, Sema AU - Bozkaya Yilmaz S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5389-5616 AD - Department of Pediatric Neurology, University of Health Sciences, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkiye. AD - Department of Pediatric Neurology, Bursa City Hospital, Bursa, Turkiye. FAU - Gencpinar, Pinar AU - Gencpinar P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3223-5408 AD - Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkiye. AD - Department of Pediatric Neurology, Izmir City Hospital, Izmir, Turkiye. FAU - Olgac Dundar, Nihal AU - Olgac Dundar N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5902-3501 AD - Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkiye. AD - Department of Pediatric Neurology, Izmir City Hospital, Izmir, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260505 PL - England TA - Nutr Neurosci JT - Nutritional neuroscience JID - 100892202 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Cerebral Palsy/physiopathology/complications MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Male MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adolescent MH - *Malnutrition/epidemiology/physiopathology/diagnosis/complications MH - Body Mass Index MH - Anthropometry MH - Nutrition Assessment MH - Skinfold Thickness MH - Nutritional Status MH - Body Height MH - Body Weight OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cerebral palsy OT - children OT - gross motor function OT - nutrition assessment OT - undernutrition EDAT- 2026/05/05 06:33 MHDA- 2026/06/01 18:50 CRDT- 2026/05/05 03:13 PHST- 2026/06/01 18:50 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/05 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/05 03:13 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/1028415X.2026.2666618 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nutr Neurosci. 2026 Jun;29(6):679-687. doi: 10.1080/1028415X.2026.2666618. Epub 2026 May 5. PMID- 42081847 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260716 IS - 1873-5347 (Electronic) IS - 0277-9536 (Linking) VI - 401 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Children's voices in community-based promotion of childhood health and wellbeing and the responses of community stakeholders. PG - 119225 LID - S0277-9536(26)00301-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.socscimed.2026.119225 [doi] AB - Rising childhood obesity highlights the need for preventive strategies. Community-based approaches and the inclusion of children's perspectives have been recommended; however, children's involvement often remains symbolic, with little translation of their views into action. Aiming to guide involvement, this study explores the process of conveying 7-10-year-old children's perspectives on leisure time and local health initiatives to adult community stakeholders and to examine stakeholders' engagement with children's perspectives. The study is part of the Danish project Generation Healthy Kids. We conducted 15 workshops with 57 children to explore their perspectives on leisure and health initiatives within their community. Using a modified Write, Draw, Show and Tell approach, we collected and thematically analyzed audio recordings, post-it notes, and drawings from workshops. Findings were presented to adult stakeholders in six communities and their responses documented. Children identified organized sports, activities with family and friends, and varied creative after-school activities as important for good leisure time, while negative influences included chores, conflicts, loneliness, injuries, and failures. They valued community initiatives including family, storytelling, exploration, and a festive atmosphere. Stakeholders responded to the perspectives with interest and requests for actionable, local insights. Further, there was a tendency among some stakeholders to maintain an adult perspective and focus on feasibility concerns when discussing the use of children's perspectives in developing or refining local health initiatives. Our findings suggest that to support the process of translating children's perspectives into action, consideration of participation levels, timing, and ethics is essential. Multimodal methods can be used to accommodate children's diverse ways of expression and involving children earlier and more actively is recommended. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Vilhelmsen, Maja AU - Vilhelmsen M AD - Department of Prevention, Health Promotion and Community Care, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Borgmester Ib Juels Vej, Herlev, 2730, Denmark; Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Nordre Fasanvej 57, Frederiksberg, 2000, Denmark. Electronic address: maja.vilhelmsen@regionh.dk. FAU - Amled, Thomas AU - Amled T AD - Department of Prevention, Health Promotion and Community Care, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Borgmester Ib Juels Vej, Herlev, 2730, Denmark. FAU - Hoeeg, Didde AU - Hoeeg D AD - Department of Prevention, Health Promotion and Community Care, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Borgmester Ib Juels Vej, Herlev, 2730, Denmark. FAU - Bloch, Paul AU - Bloch P AD - Department of Prevention, Health Promotion and Community Care, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Borgmester Ib Juels Vej, Herlev, 2730, Denmark. FAU - Bratsch, Louise A S AU - Bratsch LAS AD - National Institute of Public Health, Southern University of Denmark, Studiestraede 6, Copenhagen K, 1455, Denmark. FAU - Ma, Jiani AU - Ma J AD - Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia. FAU - Toft, Ulla AU - Toft U AD - Department of Prevention, Health Promotion and Community Care, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Borgmester Ib Juels Vej, Herlev, 2730, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, Copenhagen N, 2200, Denmark. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260328 PL - England TA - Soc Sci Med JT - Social science & medicine (1982) JID - 8303205 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - *Health Promotion/methods MH - Female MH - Denmark MH - Male MH - *Child Health MH - Leisure Activities/psychology MH - Qualitative Research MH - *Community Participation COIS- Declaration of interest The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/05/04 18:34 MHDA- 2026/05/15 00:31 CRDT- 2026/05/04 17:59 PHST- 2025/10/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/15 00:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/04 18:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/04 17:59 [entrez] AID - S0277-9536(26)00301-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.socscimed.2026.119225 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Soc Sci Med. 2026 Jul;401:119225. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2026.119225. Epub 2026 Mar 28. PMID- 42081800 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260905 IS - 2292-9495 (Electronic) IS - 2292-9495 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2026 May 4 TI - High Screen Exposure and Its Association With Physical and Mental Well-Being Among School-Going Children and Adolescents in Bangladesh: Cross-Sectional Study. PG - e73524 LID - 10.2196/73524 [doi] LID - e73524 AB - BACKGROUND: In Bangladesh, as well as throughout the world, children's screen time has significantly increased. Children spend a lot of time on the internet and digital screens for entertainment, education, and communication, which has increased their daily screen time. However, the potential detrimental impacts of excessive screen time on children's mental, physical, and social health have drawn attention. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the effect of high exposure to screens on the health and mental well-being of school-going children and adolescents in Dhaka, Bangladesh. METHODS: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from July 2022 to June 2024. A total of 420 school-going children and adolescents aged 6 to 14 years were enrolled from 3 English-language and 3 Bangla-language schools in Dhaka using a stratified random sampling technique. Anthropometric measurements, a semistructured questionnaire, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Development and Well-Being Assessment scale, and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, all of which were validated in Bangla, were used to gather data. We considered students who were exposed to screens for less than 2 hours a day as the low-exposure group and those who were exposed for more than 2 hours a day as the high-exposure group. RESULTS: A total of 83.3% (350/420) of the students were in the high-exposure group, and their average screen time per day was 4.6 (SD 2.3) hours. Eye problems were reported by 35.7% (150/420) of the students, and a significant difference was found between the low- and high-exposure groups. In total, 96% (144/150) of the students with eye problems were from the high-exposure group, whereas 4% (6/150) were from the low-exposure group. Headaches were reported by 80% (336/420) of the students, and they were common in the high-exposure group (279/336, 83%). Moreover, students from the high-exposure group had a short duration and poor quality of sleep (mean 7.3, SD 1.4 hours), which was statistically significant. Furthermore, obesity was more predominant in the high-exposure group (P<.001). Our study revealed that, overall, 31% (130/420) of the students had at least one mental health problem and 9.8% (41/420) had more than one mental health problem using the Development and Well-Being Assessment scale, and mental health problems were greater in the high-exposure group than the low-exposure group. Although behavioral problems such as conduct issues (119/420, 28.3%) and peer difficulties (121/420, 28.8%) were observed among the participants, no statistically significant difference was found between the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS: A collaborative and coordinated multistage approach is essential to create effective and acceptable guidelines and policies for the optimum and positive use of digital screens for the children of Bangladesh. Further prospective studies on a larger scale can be conducted to determine the impacts of screen time on aspects of health. CI - (c) Shahria Hafiz Kakon, Tanjir Rashid Soron, Mohammad Sharif Hossain, Biplob Hossain, Fahmida Tofail, Rashidul Haque. Originally published in JMIR Human Factors (https://humanfactors.jmir.org). FAU - Kakon, Shahria Hafiz AU - Kakon SH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1127-4993 AD - icddr,b, 68, Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Sarani. Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh, 880 1726428760. FAU - Soron, Tanjir Rashid AU - Soron TR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9810-5000 AD - Tele psychiatry Research and Innovation Network Ltd, Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Hossain, Mohammad Sharif AU - Hossain MS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9876-7722 AD - icddr,b, 68, Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Sarani. Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh, 880 1726428760. FAU - Hossain, Biplob AU - Hossain B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4934-9866 AD - icddr,b, 68, Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Sarani. Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh, 880 1726428760. FAU - Tofail, Fahmida AU - Tofail F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2301-9196 AD - icddr,b, 68, Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Sarani. Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh, 880 1726428760. FAU - Haque, Rashidul AU - Haque R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5100-136X AD - icddr,b, 68, Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Sarani. Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh, 880 1726428760. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20260504 PL - Canada TA - JMIR Hum Factors JT - JMIR human factors JID - 101666561 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Bangladesh/epidemiology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Child MH - *Screen Time MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Mental Health/statistics & numerical data MH - *Students/statistics & numerical data/psychology MH - Psychological Well-Being MH - Media Exposure MH - Schools MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Digital Media PMC - PMC13138789 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bangladesh OT - Development and Well-Being Assessment scale OT - Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index OT - Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire OT - high exposure OT - screen time COIS- Conflicts of Interest: None declared. EDAT- 2026/05/04 18:33 MHDA- 2026/05/04 18:34 PMCR- 2026/05/04 CRDT- 2026/05/04 16:53 PHST- 2025/03/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/04 18:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/04 18:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/04 16:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v13i1e73524 [pii] AID - 73524 [pii] AID - 10.2196/73524 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JMIR Hum Factors. 2026 May 4;13:e73524. doi: 10.2196/73524. PMID- 42081744 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260910 IS - 2291-5222 (Electronic) IS - 2291-5222 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 May 4 TI - Traditional Social Sports Games and Mental Training for Smartphone Addiction and Psychological Distress in School-Aged Adolescents: Randomized Controlled Trial. PG - e85353 LID - 10.2196/85353 [doi] LID - e85353 AB - BACKGROUND: Problematic smartphone use among adolescents is a growing public health concern closely associated with psychological distress and loneliness. Effective, culturally grounded, school-based interventions are needed. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a 12-week program combining traditional social sports games and mental exercises on smartphone addiction, nomophobia, psychological distress, and loneliness in adolescents. METHODS: In this randomized controlled trial, 69 school-recruited Tunisian adolescents (aged 14-16 years) with clinically elevated smartphone addiction scores were assigned to an experimental group (n=36, 52.2%) or a control group (n=33, 47.8%). The experimental group received a 12-week intervention comprising 4 weekly sessions integrating traditional social sports games with mental exercises, whereas the control group continued standard physical education. Outcomes (smartphone addiction, nomophobia, psychological distress, and loneliness) were assessed at baseline and after the intervention using scales validated in Arabic. RESULTS: Linear mixed-effects models adjusted for age, sex, and BMI revealed significant group x time interactions of moderate magnitude across all outcomes (P<.05 in all cases) favoring the experimental group. Adjusted postintervention comparisons confirmed significantly lower scores in the experimental group for smartphone addiction, nomophobia, psychological distress, and loneliness (P<.05 in all cases; partial etap2=0.08-0.12). Mediation analysis indicated that reductions in loneliness accounted for 34.4% of the intervention's effect on smartphone addiction, consistent with partial mediation. CONCLUSIONS: A culturally adapted, school-based intervention combining traditional social sports games and mental exercises significantly reduced problematic smartphone use and improved psychological well-being. The partial mediation through reduced loneliness highlights the critical role of social connectedness in adolescent digital health interventions. CI - (c) Mohamed Yaakoubi, Ahmed Ghorbel, Hiba Abdelkafi, Liwa Masmoudi, Omar Trabelsi, Safaa M. Elkholi, Fatma H. Yagin, Georgian Badicu, Adnene Gharbi. Originally published in JMIR mHealth and uHealth (https://mhealth.jmir.org). FAU - Yaakoubi, Mohamed AU - Yaakoubi M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-5187-236X AD - High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Kef, Tunisia. AD - Research Unit: Physical Activity, Sport and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia. FAU - Ghorbel, Ahmed AU - Ghorbel A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-6890-9867 AD - High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Kef, Tunisia. AD - Research Unit: Physical Activity, Sport and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia. FAU - Abdelkafi, Hiba AU - Abdelkafi H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9869-456X AD - The High Institute of Applied Studies in Humanities of Mahdia, Department of Education Sciences, University of Monastir, Mahdia, Tunis, Tunisia. FAU - Masmoudi, Liwa AU - Masmoudi L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9628-1585 AD - High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Kef, Tunisia. AD - Research Unit: Physical Activity, Sport and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia. FAU - Trabelsi, Omar AU - Trabelsi O AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-2568-3000 AD - High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Kef, Tunisia. AD - Research Unit: Physical Activity, Sport and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia. AD - The High Institute of Applied Studies in Humanities of Mahdia, Department of Education Sciences, University of Monastir, Mahdia, Tunis, Tunisia. FAU - Elkholi, Safaa M AU - Elkholi SM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1100-4301 AD - Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Riyadh, 84428, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Yagin, Fatma H AU - Yagin FH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9848-7958 AD - Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Malatya Turgut Ozal University, 44210, Malatya, Turkey. FAU - Badicu, Georgian AU - Badicu G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4100-8765 AD - Department of Physical Education and Special Motricity, University Transilvania of Brasov, Brasov, Romania. FAU - Gharbi, Adnene AU - Gharbi A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9971-1993 AD - Research Unit: Physical Activity, Sport and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia. AD - High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia. LA - eng SI - PACTR/PACTR202601838702413 PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20260504 PL - Canada TA - JMIR Mhealth Uhealth JT - JMIR mHealth and uHealth JID - 101624439 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Psychological Distress MH - *Internet Addiction Disorder/psychology/therapy MH - Tunisia MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Smartphone/statistics & numerical data MH - *Video Games/psychology/standards MH - Loneliness/psychology MH - Psychometrics/methods/instrumentation MH - Behavior, Addictive/psychology/therapy PMC - PMC13138712 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Tunisia OT - adolescents OT - loneliness OT - psychological distress OT - randomized controlled trial OT - smartphone addiction COIS- Conflicts of Interest: None declared. EDAT- 2026/05/04 18:33 MHDA- 2026/05/04 18:34 PMCR- 2026/05/04 CRDT- 2026/05/04 15:43 PHST- 2025/10/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/04 18:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/04 18:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/04 15:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v14i1e85353 [pii] AID - 85353 [pii] AID - 10.2196/85353 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JMIR Mhealth Uhealth. 2026 May 4;14:e85353. doi: 10.2196/85353. PMID- 42081240 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260803 LR - 20260923 IS - 2168-6211 (Electronic) IS - 2168-6203 (Print) IS - 2168-6203 (Linking) VI - 180 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug 1 TI - Risk and Protective Factors Associated With HIV-Related Mortality in Children Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy: A Model-Based Meta-Regression. PG - 829-837 LID - 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.1235 [doi] AB - IMPORTANCE: Mortality among children and young adolescents receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) remains substantially higher in resource-limited settings compared with resource-rich regions. The role of modifiable risk and protective factors in explaining this global variation remains poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: To identify and quantify country-level modifiable risk and protective factors associated with HIV-related mortality among children and young adolescents receiving ART. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This model-based meta-regression analysis linked HIV-related mortality data from cohort studies included in a published systematic review of children and adolescents (aged 0-14 years) receiving ART, with biomedical, behavioral, and structural factors from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors study 2023. Data were analyzed using penalized regression (ridge regression with cross-validation) and an ensemble machine-learning algorithm (XGBoost). Study data were analyzed from August 2024 to October 2025. EXPOSURES: Country-level modifiable covariates, including access to improved water, vaccine coverage against different pathogens, maternal education, underweight proportion, and oral rehydration coverage. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Measures included the odds ratios (ORs) of HIV-related mortality while receiving ART associated with modifiable factors, simulations of hypothetical 10% and 20% increases in covariates, and variable importance via Shapley Additive Explanation (SHAP) values. RESULTS: HIV-related mortality data from 67 cohort studies were included in this analysis. Access to improved water, pneumococcal conjugate vaccine third-dose (PCV3) coverage, and maternal education demonstrated the strongest independent associations with HIV-related mortality while receiving ART. A 10% increase in improved water access, PCV3 coverage, and maternal education was associated with lower odds of mortality (OR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.826-0.843; OR, 0.980; 95% CI, 0.972-0.987; and OR, 0.997; 95% CI, 0.996-0.998, respectively). At 20% increases, these protective associations with HIV-related mortality were stronger (OR, 0.695; 95% CI, 0.682-0.711; OR, 0.959; 95% CI, 0.945-0.974; and OR, 0.994; 95% CI, 0.992-0.997, respectively). SHAP-based analyses consistently ranked these 3 factors as most predictive of HIV-related mortality. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Findings of this model-based meta-regression analysis show that improved water access, PCV3 coverage, and maternal education were associated with lower HIV-related mortality among children receiving ART, underscoring the need for integrated public health strategies beyond ART alone. Interventions to strengthen water infrastructure, vaccination programs, and maternal education may help reduce global survival disparities among children and adolescents living with HIV and receiving ART. FAU - He, Jiawei AU - He J AD - Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle. AD - Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle. FAU - Kassanjee, Reshma AU - Kassanjee R AD - Centre for Integrated Data and Epidemiological Research, School of Public Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. FAU - Movo, Amanda AU - Movo A AD - Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle. FAU - Walters, Magdalene K AU - Walters MK AD - MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Brewer, Edmond AU - Brewer E AD - Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle. FAU - Sorensen, Reed J D AU - Sorensen RJD AD - Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle. FAU - Hay, Simon I AU - Hay SI AD - Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle. AD - Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle. FAU - Murray, Christopher J L AU - Murray CJL AD - Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle. AD - Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle. FAU - Flaxman, Abraham AU - Flaxman A AD - Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle. AD - Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle. FAU - Aravkin, Aleksandr AU - Aravkin A AD - Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle. AD - Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle. FAU - Zheng, Peng AU - Zheng P AD - Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle. AD - Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle. FAU - Kyu, Hmwe H AU - Kyu HH AD - Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle. AD - Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle. LA - eng GR - U01 AI096299/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 AI069923/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI152721/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 AI069911/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 AI069919/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 AI069907/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 AI069924/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Meta-Analysis PT - Systematic Review PL - United States TA - JAMA Pediatr JT - JAMA pediatrics JID - 101589544 RN - 0 (Anti-Retroviral Agents) RN - 0 (Anti-HIV Agents) SB - IM CIN - JAMA Pediatr. 2026 Aug 1;180(8):821-822. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.1277. PMID: 42081239 MH - Humans MH - *HIV Infections/mortality/drug therapy MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Risk Factors MH - Child, Preschool MH - Protective Factors MH - Infant MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Anti-Retroviral Agents/therapeutic use MH - *Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Resource-Limited Settings PMC - PMC13140089 MID - NIHMS2170032 COIS- Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Dr Kassanjee reported receiving salary support from the University of Cape Town through National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants during the conduct of the study. Ms Movo reported receiving salary support from grants provided by Gates Foundation outside the submitted work. Dr Kyu reported receiving grant support from the NIH during the conduct of the study and being employed at the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, which is funded by the Gates Foundation, outside the submitted work. No other disclosures were reported. EDAT- 2026/05/04 12:34 MHDA- 2026/08/03 12:42 PMCR- 2026/07/02 CRDT- 2026/05/04 11:33 PHST- 2026/08/03 12:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/04 12:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/04 11:33 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2848569 [pii] AID - 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.1235 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - JAMA Pediatr. 2026 Aug 1;180(8):829-837. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.1235. PMID- 42080686 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260716 IS - 1998-3905 (Electronic) IS - 0970-4388 (Linking) VI - 44 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Mar 1 TI - Feeding at sleep time and early childhood caries: Validation of the feeding at sleep time (FeAST) scale in 12-36-month-old children in Bhubaneswar, Odisha. PG - 157-163 LID - 10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_1_26 [doi] AB - CONTEXT: Early childhood caries (ECC) remains a major public health concern in India, with feeding-at-sleep behaviors recognized as important behavioral risk factors. The feeding at sleep time (FeAST) scale was developed to quantify such behaviors, but its applicability across diverse Indian sociocultural settings remains uncertain. AIMS: To evaluate the external validity of the FeAST scale in identifying ECC risk among 12-36-month-old toddlers in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, and to examine the association between socioeconomic status and ECC. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: A hospital-based cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Bhubaneswar, Eastern India. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 387 toddlers aged 12-36 months and their caregivers were recruited. Feeding behaviors were assessed using the original FeAST questionnaire, generating scores for combined breastfeeding (CBR), combined bottle-feeding (CBO), and other feeding constructs (OFC). ECC status was determined through oral examination. SES was classified using the updated B. G. Prasad Scale (2025). STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Receiver operating characteristic analysis with a minimal cutoff score was used to determine diagnostic accuracy. Chi-square test assessed associations between ECC and SES. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. RESULTS: ECC prevalence was 32.9%. CBR (AUC = 0.446) and CBO (AUC = 0.481) demonstrated poor discriminatory ability, while OFC showed modest performance (AUC = 0.577). No significant association was found between ECC and SES ( P = 0.511). CONCLUSIONS: The FeAST scale demonstrated limited diagnostic validity in this Eastern Indian cohort, indicating the need for regional recalibration incorporating contextual feeding and oral hygiene behaviors. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry. FAU - Taraphder, Rupsa AU - Taraphder R AD - Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. FAU - Dutta, Brahmananda AU - Dutta B AD - Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. FAU - Dhull, Kanika Singh AU - Dhull KS AD - Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. FAU - Abbasi, Aiman Itrat AU - Abbasi AI AD - Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. FAU - Roy, Bhaswati AU - Roy B AD - Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260430 PL - India TA - J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent JT - Journal of the Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry JID - 8710631 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - India/epidemiology MH - Infant MH - *Dental Caries/epidemiology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Sleep MH - Bottle Feeding MH - Breast Feeding MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Risk Factors OTO - NOTNLM OT - Early childhood caries OT - feeding at sleep time OT - feeding at sleep time scale OT - infant feeding practices OT - socioeconomic status EDAT- 2026/05/04 12:34 MHDA- 2026/05/04 12:35 CRDT- 2026/05/04 10:11 PHST- 2026/01/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/04 12:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/04 12:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/04 10:11 [entrez] AID - 00005097-202603000-00005 [pii] AID - 10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_1_26 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2026 Mar 1;44(2):157-163. doi: 10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_1_26. Epub 2026 Apr 30. PMID- 42080468 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260716 IS - 1442-2042 (Electronic) IS - 0919-8172 (Linking) VI - 33 IP - 5 DP - 2026 May TI - A Novel Prediction Model for Monorchidism in Boys With Unilateral Nonpalpable Testes: Diagnostic Utility of Preoperative Ultrasonography. PG - e70482 LID - 10.1111/iju.70482 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: In boys with non-palpable testis (NPT), the affected side may present as a viable testis (VT) or a nonviable testis (NVT), the latter representing true monorchidism. This study evaluated the utility of ultrasonography (US) for predicting monorchidism and testicular location in unilateral NPT. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed boys with unilateral NPT who underwent preoperative US between 2009 and 2025. Testicular volumes were converted to age-adjusted standard deviation (SD) scores. A rule-based model classified NVT when the affected testis was visualized with an SD score /= cutoff B. If the affected testis was not visualized, an SD score >/= cutoff C for the unaffected testis indicated NVT; remaining cases were classified as VT. Predictions were compared with intraoperative findings. Receiver operating characteristic analysis determined optimal cutoffs. Internal validation using repeated stratified five-fold cross-validation and bootstrap resampling assessed model performance and threshold stability. US-based localization was also compared with surgical findings. RESULTS: Sixty-nine boys were included; surgery identified 51 NVT and 18 VT. Optimal cutoffs were A = -2.60, B = +0.45, and C = +0.60. The model achieved an AUC of 96.1%, with 100% sensitivity, 92.2% specificity, 81.8% positive predictive value, and 100% negative predictive value. Internal validation showed median AUCs of 90.0% and 89.4%, with stable thresholds. Localization accuracy was 66.6%. CONCLUSION: A rulebased US model may predict monorchidism in unilateral NPT with a very low risk of misclassifying VT as NVT, despite its limited ability to determine testicular location. CI - (c) 2026 The Japanese Urological Association. FAU - Muranishi, Yuki AU - Muranishi Y AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-7989-6748 AD - Department of Renal and Genitourinary Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan. FAU - Osawa, Takahiro AU - Osawa T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4444-7958 AD - Department of Renal and Genitourinary Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan. FAU - Hirata, Yurie AU - Hirata Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3930-0233 AD - Department of Renal and Genitourinary Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan. FAU - Higuchi, Madoka AU - Higuchi M AD - Department of Renal and Genitourinary Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan. FAU - Chiba, Hiroki AU - Chiba H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7042-8211 AD - Department of Renal and Genitourinary Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan. FAU - Horie, Tatsunori AU - Horie T AD - Diagnostic Center for Sonography, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan. FAU - Sakamoto, Keita AU - Sakamoto K AD - Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan. FAU - Ito, Yoichi M AU - Ito YM AD - Data Science Center, Promotion Unit, Institution of Health Science Innovation for Medical Care, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan. FAU - Kon, Masafumi AU - Kon M AD - Department of Renal and Genitourinary Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan. FAU - Abe, Takashige AU - Abe T AD - Department of Renal and Genitourinary Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - Australia TA - Int J Urol JT - International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association JID - 9440237 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Ultrasonography MH - *Testis/diagnostic imaging/abnormalities/surgery MH - Infant MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Cryptorchidism/diagnostic imaging/surgery/diagnosis MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - Preoperative Care/methods MH - ROC Curve MH - Organ Size OTO - NOTNLM OT - monorchidism OT - non-palpable testis OT - testicular location OT - testicular volume OT - ultrasonography EDAT- 2026/05/04 12:33 MHDA- 2026/05/04 12:34 CRDT- 2026/05/04 08:23 PHST- 2026/03/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/12/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/04 12:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/04 12:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/04 08:23 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/iju.70482 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Urol. 2026 May;33(5):e70482. doi: 10.1111/iju.70482. PMID- 42080151 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260504 LR - 20260813 IS - 2772-3682 (Electronic) IS - 2772-3682 (Linking) VI - 48 DP - 2026 May TI - Accuracy of a smartphone-based 3D imaging tool for height measurement and stunting detection among children 24-59 months of age in Nepal: a validation study. PG - 100774 LID - 10.1016/j.lansea.2026.100774 [doi] LID - 100774 AB - BACKGROUND: Detection of stunting in young children using traditional anthropometry has been a challenge at the community level especially in resource-constrained settings. We evaluated the performance of Child Growth Monitor (CGM), a smartphone-based 3D depth-imaging application, for screening of stunting, and height measurement among children (24-59 months of age) in Nepal. METHODS: At four health-posts in Rautahat district, Nepal, in October 2024, we conducted cross-sectional validation study comparing CGM's stunting detection against gold standard (manual measurement) and prospective reliability assessment with repeat measurements, four days apart. Eight trained enumerators collected data using calibrated height boards and CGM app. Validity was assessed through sensitivity, specificity and accuracy, reliability through intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and Technical Error of Measurement (TEM). Pitman's test evaluated variance. Bias was assessed using Bland Altman statistics. FINDINGS: 310 children were recruited, with analyses based on paired subsets (n = 261). Manual measurements identified 36% as stunted, while CGM detected 31.8%. CGM demonstrated 84.0% sensitivity, 98.2% specificity, 96.3% positive and 91.6% negative predictive values, and 93.1% accuracy. For height measurement, the ICC for intra-rater and inter-rater reliability were 0.990 (n = 76) and 0.992 (n = 75) respectively, with intra- and inter-rater TEM of 0.5 cm. Inter-method TEM was 0.7 cm. Pitman's test was significant; Bland-Altman showed mean bias of 0.3 cm. INTERPRETATION: CGM demonstrated accuracy and reliability for field-based stunting detection among children belonging to 24-59 months of age in Nepal. Future research on its use in younger children (6-24 months) and diverse settings will enable its integration into routine growth monitoring. FUNDING: This study was funded by the German Federal Foreign Office as part of the overall funding for the development of Child Growth Monitor app. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). FAU - Mukherjee, Ritika AU - Mukherjee R AD - Generating Research Insights for Development Council (GRID Council), H 54, Sector 63, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201309, India. FAU - Kaushik, Shivangi AU - Kaushik S AD - Welthungerhilfe, Deutsche Welthungerhilfe e.V. Friedrich-Ebert-Strasse 1, 53173, Bonn, Germany. FAU - Salah, Hamza AU - Salah H AD - Generating Research Insights for Development Council (GRID Council), H 54, Sector 63, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201309, India. FAU - Gupta, Ankit Kumar AU - Gupta AK AD - Child Growth Monitor, Welthungerhilfe, House No- 144, Shivam Footwear, Banda Road, Atarra, Banda, Uttar Pradesh, 210201, India. FAU - Sharma, Divita AU - Sharma D AD - Generating Research Insights for Development Council (GRID Council), H 54, Sector 63, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201309, India. FAU - Kahraman, Miriam AU - Kahraman M AD - Deutsche Welthungerhilfe e.V., Deutsche Welthungerhilfe e.V. Friedrich-Ebert-Strasse 1, 53173, Bonn, Germany. FAU - Vadyadagaya, Anupama AU - Vadyadagaya A AD - Child Growth Monitor, WHH, #12-513D1, Bantwal, Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka, 574219, India. FAU - Ali, Nasrullah AU - Ali N AD - Deutsche Welthungerhilfe e.V., Deutsche Welthungerhilfe e.V. Friedrich-Ebert-Strasse 1, 53173, Bonn, Germany. FAU - Rijal, Mahesh AU - Rijal M AD - Welthungerhilfe Nepal, 341, Kalika Mandir Marga, Sanepa, Lalitpur - 02, Nepal. FAU - Rai, Sampurna AU - Rai S AD - NTAG, Ukti Marg, Maitighar Height Kathmandu, Bagmati, 44600, Nepal. FAU - Mohapatra, Archisman AU - Mohapatra A AD - Generating Research Insights for Development Council (GRID Council), H 54, Sector 63, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201309, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260424 PL - England TA - Lancet Reg Health Southeast Asia JT - The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia JID - 9918419282806676 PMC - PMC13129374 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Artificial intelligence OT - Child nutrition OT - Digital anthropometry OT - Growth monitoring OT - Health technology OT - Malnutrition OT - South-East Asia COIS- SK, AG, MK, NA, and SR were members of the CGM study team but were not involved in the formal data analysis for this manuscript. The authors declare no other competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/04 12:34 MHDA- 2026/05/04 12:35 PMCR- 2026/04/24 CRDT- 2026/05/04 06:41 PHST- 2026/01/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/04 12:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/04 12:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/04 06:41 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2772-3682(26)00059-4 [pii] AID - 100774 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.lansea.2026.100774 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Lancet Reg Health Southeast Asia. 2026 Apr 24;48:100774. doi: 10.1016/j.lansea.2026.100774. eCollection 2026 May. PMID- 42079901 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260504 LR - 20260926 IS - 2666-2736 (Electronic) IS - 2666-2736 (Linking) VI - 30 DP - 2026 Apr TI - Retrograde perfusion of the dorsalis pedis artery versus traditional distal perfusion catheter use in venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. PG - 101714 LID - 10.1016/j.xjon.2026.101714 [doi] LID - 101714 AB - OBJECTIVE: Limb ischemia is a persistent problem in femoral venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO), with clinically significant adverse events and/or poor outcomes occurring in 10% to 70% of patients. The Extracorporeal Life Support Organization recommends the use of a distal perfusion catheter (DPC), but in patients in whom proximal femoral artery access is challenging or no longer viable, a more distal DPC placement may be necessary. Using a dynamic mock flow loop of adult femoral VA-ECMO, we investigated the hemodynamic feasibility of retrograde dorsalis pedis artery DPC placement versus traditional DPC placement. METHODS: An adult femoral VA-ECMO dynamic mock flow loop was tuned to heart failure conditions. An ECMO circuit (Affinity pump with Eurosets oxygenator, 15-Fr arterial cannula in the right common femoral artery, 25-Fr contralateral venous cannula, and 6-Fr pediatric arterial cannula as DPC) was integrated into the loop. Two configurations were tested: (1) traditional anterograde DPC (right superficial femoral artery); (2) retrograde DPC of the right dorsalis pedis artery. Hemodynamic data were collected at baseline (ECMO circuit clamped) and with ECMO support at 0-3000 rpm. RESULTS: Retrograde dorsalis pedis perfusion provided distal limb hemodynamics (pressures, flows) comparable with traditional DPC placement. DPC flow (367 mL/min), right-left limb flow balance ratio, and distal limb pulsatility were comparable with both approaches while maintaining equivalent ECMO and central flows (aortic, venous). The dorsalis DPC provided retrograde flow up the right superficial femoral artery to the proximal limb (147 mL/min) and anterograde flow down the tibioperoneal trunk (252 mL/min). CONCLUSIONS: Traditional anterograde DPC is not always feasible in patients with hematoma, obesity, infection, severe peripheral vasculopathy, and/or anatomical variation. We demonstrated experimentally that retrograde DPC of the dorsalis pedis artery may be a viable hemodynamic alternative to traditional DPC placement in femoral VA-ECMO to prevent distal limb ischemia. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). FAU - Lytle, Isabelle R AU - Lytle IR AD - School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Ky. FAU - Crane, Joshua G AU - Crane JG AD - Department of Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, Ky. AD - Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, Ky. FAU - Slaughter, Mark S AU - Slaughter MS AD - Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, Ky. FAU - Koenig, Steven C AU - Koenig SC AD - Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, Ky. AD - Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, Ky. FAU - Monreal, Gretel AU - Monreal G AD - Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, Ky. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260305 PL - Netherlands TA - JTCVS Open JT - JTCVS open JID - 101768541 PMC - PMC13131172 OTO - NOTNLM OT - DPC OT - VA-ECMO OT - distal perfusion catheter OT - dorsalis pedis artery OT - limb ischemia OT - mock flow loop OT - venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation COIS- Drs Monreal, Koenig, and Slaughter are investigators on National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant R44HL144214, unrelated to this project. Dr Koenig is an investigator on NIH grant R01HL150346, unrelated to this project. Dr Slaughter is an advisor to NorthStar Medical and is on the advisory board of Medtronic. Dr Monreal is an investigator on a grant from Abiomed, unrelated to this project. Dr Monreal has received funds from the National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME) Medical Student Organization Assistance Initiative to support the Innovation in Medicine medical student interest group at the University of Louisville, honoraria from the European Science Foundation, and is supported in part by a gift from Robert M. Prizant to the Legacy Foundation of Kentuckiana. All other authors reported no conflicts of interest. The Journal policy requires editors and reviewers to disclose conflicts of interest and to decline handling or reviewing manuscripts for which they may have a conflict of interest. The editors and reviewers of this article have no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/04 12:34 MHDA- 2026/05/04 12:35 PMCR- 2026/03/05 CRDT- 2026/05/04 06:39 PHST- 2026/01/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/04 12:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/04 12:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/04 06:39 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2666-2736(26)00137-3 [pii] AID - 101714 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.xjon.2026.101714 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JTCVS Open. 2026 Mar 5;30:101714. doi: 10.1016/j.xjon.2026.101714. eCollection 2026 Apr. PMID- 42078537 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260504 LR - 20260813 IS - 1664-302X (Print) IS - 1664-302X (Electronic) IS - 1664-302X (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Gut microbiota regulates growth retardation in pigs through their metabolites of taurine and butyric acids. PG - 1811659 LID - 10.3389/fmicb.2026.1811659 [doi] LID - 1811659 AB - Growth retardation of piglets has always been observed in current pig production system. Here we defined these pigs as stunted pigs. Stunted pigs show normal feed intake, but exhibit extremely slow growth speed. This brings a big economic loss to pig industry. Many factors can lead to growth retardation, including gut microbiota which has been reported to play important roles in growth retardation of children. However, whether and which gut microbial taxa are associated with growth retardation of piglets are largely unknown. Here we used 16S rRNA gene and shotgun metagenomic sequencing to identify bacterial taxa associated with growth retardation in 126 pigs including stunted pigs and their pairwise littermates showing normal growth. We identified several Clostridium spp. significantly enriched in the gut of normal growing pigs, including Clostridium symbiosum which was the key biomarker distinguishing stunted pigs and normal growing pigs, while several Bacteroides spp. had higher abundances in stunted pigs. Clostridium spp. was significantly associated with the shifts of functional capacities of the gut microbiome between normal and stunted pigs, e.g., biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids. Untargeted serum metabolome analysis found that normal growing pigs had higher concentration of taurine in serum. Increased concentration of serum taurine was associated with increased abundance of Clostridium symbiosum. Furthermore, all metabolites having higher abundances in normal growing pigs were enriched in the pathway of taurine and hypotaurine metabolism. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) analysis identified butyric acid having higher concentration in feces of normal growing pigs in both discovery and validation cohorts, and the changes in the abundances of Clostridium symbiosum was correlated with the shifts of the concentrations of fecal SCFAs. These results suggested that Clostridium spp., especially Clostridium symbiosum improved pig growth by increasing the concentrations of serum taurine and fecal butyric acid, and was an important biomarker associated with pig growth. This study provided important insights into the effect of the gut microbiome on pig growth retardation. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Shen, Zhou, Gao, Xiong and Chen. FAU - Shen, Tao AU - Shen T AD - National Key Laboratory of Swine Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China. FAU - Zhou, Yunyan AU - Zhou Y AD - National Key Laboratory of Swine Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China. FAU - Gao, Jun AU - Gao J AD - National Key Laboratory of Swine Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China. FAU - Xiong, Xinwei AU - Xiong X AD - National Key Laboratory of Swine Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China. FAU - Chen, Congying AU - Chen C AD - National Key Laboratory of Swine Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260417 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Microbiol JT - Frontiers in microbiology JID - 101548977 PMC - PMC13132826 OTO - NOTNLM OT - butyric acid OT - growth retardation OT - gut microbiome OT - metabolome OT - pigs OT - taurine COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author CC declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision. EDAT- 2026/05/04 12:35 MHDA- 2026/05/04 12:36 PMCR- 2026/04/17 CRDT- 2026/05/04 06:26 PHST- 2026/02/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/04 12:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/04 12:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/04 06:26 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fmicb.2026.1811659 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Microbiol. 2026 Apr 17;17:1811659. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2026.1811659. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42077526 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260504 LR - 20260813 IS - 0300-0508 (Print) IS - 1708-8313 (Electronic) IS - 0300-0508 (Linking) VI - 77 IP - 4 DP - 2025 Nov TI - Exploration of Potential Determinants of Implementation of a Clinical Practice Guide to Enhance Physical Activity Participation of Children With Developmental Coordination Disorder. PG - 490-499 LID - 10.3138/ptc-2023-0071 [doi] AB - Purpose: This project explored the potential determinants (barriers and facilitators) of implementing a recently developed clinical practice guide (CPG) for the promotion and enhancement of the physical activity participation of children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) prior to its release for clinical use. Method: The validated Clinician Guideline Determinants Questionnaire was used to explore the potential determinants reported by nine physiotherapists who provide services to children with DCD. Results: There was 100% agreement with the CPG content. All participants also agreed that following the CPG recommendations would improve care delivery and patient outcomes. Potential barriers of implementation were related to several factors, such as guideline factors (e.g., a lot of information, need for a visual summary), individual health professional factors (e.g., need for CPG training and experience), professional interactions (e.g., need to create community and school partnerships), and incentives and resources (e.g., need for dedicated time). Facilitators were having the above-mentioned needs met. Conclusions: Successful implementation of this CPG by paediatric physiotherapists may require: (1) that certain CPG and educational resources be put in place; (2) support to develop community and school partnerships, and (3) support from managers. CI - (c) Canadian Physiotherapy Association, 2025. FAU - Demers, Isabelle AU - Demers I AD - From the: Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration (CIRRIS), CIUSSS de la Capitale Nationale, Quebec, Quebec, Canada. AD - Faculty of Medicine, Universite Laval, Quebec, Quebec, Canada. FAU - Lamontagne, Marie-Eve AU - Lamontagne ME AD - From the: Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration (CIRRIS), CIUSSS de la Capitale Nationale, Quebec, Quebec, Canada. AD - Faculty of Medicine, Universite Laval, Quebec, Quebec, Canada. FAU - Moffet, Helene AU - Moffet H AD - From the: Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration (CIRRIS), CIUSSS de la Capitale Nationale, Quebec, Quebec, Canada. AD - Faculty of Medicine, Universite Laval, Quebec, Quebec, Canada. FAU - Maltais, Desiree B AU - Maltais DB AD - From the: Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration (CIRRIS), CIUSSS de la Capitale Nationale, Quebec, Quebec, Canada. AD - Faculty of Medicine, Universite Laval, Quebec, Quebec, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240603 PL - Canada TA - Physiother Can JT - Physiotherapy Canada. Physiotherapie Canada JID - 0346574 PMC - PMC13134831 OTO - NOTNLM OT - child OT - exercise OT - guideline OT - knowledge translation OT - motor skills disorders. COIS- The authors have nothing to disclose. EDAT- 2026/05/04 12:34 MHDA- 2026/05/04 12:35 PMCR- 2025/06/03 CRDT- 2026/05/04 06:17 PHST- 2023/08/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/03/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/03/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/04 12:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/04 12:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/04 06:17 [entrez] PHST- 2025/06/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3138/ptc-2023-0071 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Physiother Can. 2025 Nov;77(4):490-499. doi: 10.3138/ptc-2023-0071. Epub 2024 Jun 3. PMID- 42077456 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260813 IS - 1664-2392 (Print) IS - 1664-2392 (Electronic) IS - 1664-2392 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - The impact of daily steps on polycystic ovary syndrome patients. PG - 1744228 LID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1744228 [doi] LID - 1744228 AB - OBJECTIVES: As a reproductive-metabolic disorder, lifestyle interventions play a crucial role in managing Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) patients. However, maintaining physical activity in PCOS patients is often challenging. Daily steps are now widely used to provide relatively simple physical activity goals for the general public. This study examines the impact of daily steps on patients with PCOS, aiming to develop simple and effective intervention strategies for them. METHODS: This study included anthropometric parameters, metabolic indicators, sex hormones, and daily steps from women aged 16-40 years with PCOS (n=167) and without PCOS (n=152). Participants were divided into obese and non-obese groups based on BMI >/= 25 kg/m(2) for intergroup comparisons, comprehensively evaluating the association between daily steps and various indicators. RESULTS: Among PCOS patients, 42.9% were sedentary, while only 8.8% were active or highly active. Indicators significantly correlated with step count in the correlation analysis underwent further multivariate linear regression analysis. RCS analysis further validated the positive linear relationship between HDL and daily step count in PCOS patients (P for non-linear = 0.125). For PCOS patients without obesity, daily step count showed linear relationships with TG (P for non-linear = 0.211), HDL (P for non-linear = 0.255), and VAI (P for non-linear = 0.839). Additionally, daily steps showed linear relationships with body fat percentage (BFP, p=0.033, R (2) = 0.454), android fat percentage (p=0.045, R (2) = 0.413), Android/Gynoid ratio (A/G, p=0.041, R (2) = 0.425), fat mass index (FMI, p=0.007, R (2) = 0.671), and percent trunk fat (PTF, p=0.041, R (2) = 0.427). CONCLUSION: Daily steps exhibits a beneficial association with lipid and body fat metabolism in PCOS patients without obesity, making it a viable indicator for quantifying physical activity that can be incorporated into PCOS patient management. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Wang, Zhang, Ma, Luo and Li. FAU - Wang, Tianmei AU - Wang T AD - Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Zhang, LiJuan AU - Zhang L AD - Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Ma, Liya AU - Ma L AD - Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Luo, Xiaodong AU - Luo X AD - Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Li, Cong AU - Li C AD - Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260416 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) JT - Frontiers in endocrinology JID - 101555782 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/physiopathology/metabolism/therapy MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - Adult MH - *Obesity/complications/physiopathology MH - *Exercise/physiology MH - Body Mass Index MH - *Walking/physiology PMC - PMC13128351 OTO - NOTNLM OT - PCOS OT - abdominal fat OT - daily steps OT - metabolism OT - walking COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/04 12:33 MHDA- 2026/05/04 12:34 PMCR- 2026/04/16 CRDT- 2026/05/04 06:16 PHST- 2025/11/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/04 12:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/04 12:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/04 06:16 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1744228 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2026 Apr 16;17:1744228. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2026.1744228. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42077453 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260818 IS - 1664-2392 (Print) IS - 1664-2392 (Electronic) IS - 1664-2392 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Development and validation of age- and gender-specific reference intervals for the triglyceride-glucose index in a large Chinese healthy adult population. PG - 1793587 LID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1793587 [doi] LID - 1793587 AB - BACKGROUND: The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a recognized surrogate marker of insulin resistance. However, validated reference intervals (RIs) for the TyG index in large, general healthy populations are currently lacking, limiting its standardized application in clinical practice. METHODS: This retrospective study established and validated TyG index RIs using data from adults (>/=18 years) undergoing routine health examinations. The derivation cohort included individuals without known diabetes, dyslipidemia, or obesity. The TyG index was calculated as ln[fasting triglyceride (mg/dL) x fasting blood glucose (mg/dL)/2]. After outlier exclusion, we analyzed the age-TyG relationship using restricted cubic splines and threshold analysis to determine optimal age stratification. Gender- and age-specific RIs were defined as the 2.5th-97.5th percentiles. An independent cohort of 127,143 healthy individuals was used for validation, with success defined as <10% of values falling outside the proposed RIs. RESULTS: A total of 201,623 individuals were initially screened for the derivation cohort. Analysis revealed a significant nonlinear relationship between TyG and age, with an inflection point at 64.21 years, justifying stratification into 18-64 and >/=64-year groups. The overall RI was 7.47-8.90. Stratified RIs were: 7.47-8.91 for males aged 18-64, 7.46-8.90 for females aged 18-64, 7.44-8.90 for males aged >/=64, and 7.50-8.90 for females aged >/=64. In the independent validation cohort, only 4.76% to 5.37% of values fell outside the corresponding RIs, confirming their robustness. CONCLUSION: This study establishes and validates age- and gender-stratified reference intervals for the TyG index in a large Chinese healthy population. These intervals, benchmarked against a critical age threshold of 64 years, provide a reliable standard for clinical interpretation and enhance the utility of the TyG index in metabolic risk assessment. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Huang, Qin, Lu, Li, Wang, He, Mai, Lu, Lu, Huang, Zheng, Zhang and Feng. FAU - Huang, Shanshan AU - Huang S AD - Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China. FAU - Qin, Liming AU - Qin L AD - Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China. FAU - Lu, Chuanfu AU - Lu C AD - Department of General Internal Medicine, Shibu Health Center, Nanning, Guangxi, China. FAU - Li, Weinan AU - Li W AD - Department of General Internal Medicine, Shibu Health Center, Nanning, Guangxi, China. FAU - Wang, Yibo AU - Wang Y AD - Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China. FAU - He, Dan AU - He D AD - Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China. FAU - Mai, Yuni AU - Mai Y AD - Department of General Internal Medicine, Shibu Health Center, Nanning, Guangxi, China. FAU - Lu, Na AU - Lu N AD - Department of General Internal Medicine, Shibu Health Center, Nanning, Guangxi, China. FAU - Lu, Qiuyu AU - Lu Q AD - Department of General Internal Medicine, Shibu Health Center, Nanning, Guangxi, China. FAU - Huang, Shiwei AU - Huang S AD - Department of General Internal Medicine, Shibu Health Center, Nanning, Guangxi, China. FAU - Zheng, Xiaowen AU - Zheng X AD - Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China. FAU - Zhang, Jianfeng AU - Zhang J AD - Department of Emergency Medicine, Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China. FAU - Feng, Jihua AU - Feng J AD - Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260416 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) JT - Frontiers in endocrinology JID - 101555782 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Blood Glucose) RN - 0 (Triglycerides) RN - Chinese people SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Young Adult MH - Age Factors MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - *Blood Glucose/analysis/metabolism MH - China/epidemiology MH - Insulin Resistance MH - Reference Values MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Sex Factors MH - *Triglycerides/blood MH - East Asian People PMC - PMC13128429 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Chinese population OT - age OT - gender OT - reference intervals OT - triglyceride-glucose index COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/04 12:34 MHDA- 2026/05/04 12:35 PMCR- 2026/04/16 CRDT- 2026/05/04 06:16 PHST- 2026/01/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/04 12:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/04 12:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/04 06:16 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1793587 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2026 Apr 16;17:1793587. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2026.1793587. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42076609 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260526 LR - 20260813 IS - 1424-8220 (Electronic) IS - 1424-8220 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Apr 18 TI - Sagittal-Plane Knee Flexion Moment Estimation Using a Lightweight Deep Learning Framework Based on Sequential Surface EMG Feature Frames. LID - 10.3390/s26082500 [doi] LID - 2500 AB - Knee joint moment is an important biomechanical parameter for sports assessment, rehabilitation monitoring, and human-machine interaction. However, direct measurement is often restricted to laboratory-based settings. Surface electromyography (sEMG) offers a non-invasive alternative for indirect joint moment estimation, but many existing deep learning models remain too computationally demanding for potential wearable edge deployment. To address this gap, this study proposes Topo2DCNN-LSTM, a lightweight two-dimensional (2D) convolutional neural network model, designed for sagittal-plane knee flexion moment estimation. The model used a feature-based sequential representation, transforming raw sEMG signals into compact Root Mean Square (RMS) feature frames. The input was processed by a lightweight 2D convolutional neural network (CNN) encoder and paired with long short-term memory (LSTM) units. The model was trained on a public walking dataset of healthy subjects with synchronized sEMG and joint kinetics at two treadmill speeds. When compared with selected deep learning baselines, the quantized model achieved a mean RMS Error of 0.088 +/- 0.020 Nm/kg at 1.2 m/s and 0.114 +/- 0.034 Nm/kg at 1.8 m/s. On a SparkFun Thing Plus-SAMD51, it achieved an average inference latency of 28 ms using 71,316 bytes of random-access memory (RAM) and 257,172 bytes of flash. These results support its use as a proof of concept for personalized unilateral knee moment estimation with isolated on-device inference feasibility under resource-constrained and limited walking conditions. FAU - Zhuo, Yuanzhi AU - Zhuo Y AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-6709-2818 AD - Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Engineering, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia. FAU - Pranata, Adrian AU - Pranata A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7877-1679 AD - School of Health and Biomedical Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3082, Australia. FAU - Cheng, Chi-Tsun AU - Cheng CT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3306-6148 AD - Mechanical, Manufacturing and Mechatronic Engineering Department, School of Engineering, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia. FAU - Pang, Toh Yen AU - Pang TY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4766-3042 AD - Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Engineering, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260418 PL - Switzerland TA - Sensors (Basel) JT - Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101204366 SB - IM MH - *Knee Joint/physiology MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - Adult MH - Datasets as Topic MH - *Electromyography/methods MH - *Deep Learning MH - Walking MH - *Range of Motion, Articular MH - Biomechanical Phenomena PMC - PMC13120070 OTO - NOTNLM OT - continuous motion estimation OT - deep learning OT - feature engineering OT - gait analysis OT - joint moment estimation OT - knee moment OT - microcontroller OT - surface electromyography OT - wearable sensor COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/04 06:32 MHDA- 2026/05/04 06:33 PMCR- 2026/04/18 CRDT- 2026/05/04 01:22 PHST- 2026/02/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/04 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/04 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/04 01:22 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - s26082500 [pii] AID - sensors-26-02500 [pii] AID - 10.3390/s26082500 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sensors (Basel). 2026 Apr 18;26(8):2500. doi: 10.3390/s26082500. PMID- 42075650 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260813 IS - 1648-9144 (Electronic) IS - 1010-660X (Print) IS - 1010-660X (Linking) VI - 62 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Apr 17 TI - The Relationship Between Body Posture and Psychophysical Functioning in Children with Obesity: A Narrative Literature Review and Future Research Perspective Related to Preliminary Research Concept. LID - 10.3390/medicina62040779 [doi] LID - 779 AB - Childhood obesity is a growing global health problem with significant biomechanical and psychosocial consequences. While many studies have examined these domains separately, few integrate postural abnormalities, psychophysical functioning, and lifestyle factors within a single framework. This narrative review synthesises the literature published between 2005 and 2025 to summarise current evidence and identify research gaps. The findings indicate that overweight and obesity increase the risk of musculoskeletal deviations such as genu valgum, flat feet, and increased lumbar lordosis, as well as altered gait biomechanics and reduced motor competence. Excess body weight is also associated with lower self-esteem, negative body image, depressive symptoms, and reduced health-related quality of life in children and adolescents. These outcomes appear to be influenced by modifiable lifestyle factors, including parental health behaviours, sleep patterns, and screen time, although reported associations remain inconsistent. Notably, few studies address biomechanical, psychological, and environmental factors simultaneously, which limits the understanding of their interactions. To address this gap, a prospective observational study of 250-300 children aged 7-17 years is proposed. The study will combine objective postural assessments, validated psychometric tools, and lifestyle analyses at baseline and after a 12-14-month follow-up. This integrated approach aims to identify postural compensation patterns, psychosocial risk trajectories, and modifiable behavioural predictors associated with childhood obesity, supporting the development of early preventive and interdisciplinary interventions. FAU - Korzan, Kornelia AU - Korzan K AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-8663-145X AD - Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland. AD - Doctoral School, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland. FAU - Czepczor-Bernat, Kamila AU - Czepczor-Bernat K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1707-0000 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Obesity and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland. FAU - Matusik, Pawel AU - Matusik P AD - Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Obesity and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland. FAU - Brzek, Anna AU - Brzek A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2321-2888 AD - Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland. LA - eng GR - UDA-FESL. 10.25-12.01.05/FB/23-00; BNW-NWD/894/2024/FE SL project entitled "Supporting the region's transformation by strengthening the capacity of the Doctoral School of the Medical University of Silesia in Katowice"/ PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260417 PL - Switzerland TA - Medicina (Kaunas) JT - Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) JID - 9425208 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - *Posture/physiology MH - Adolescent MH - *Pediatric Obesity/psychology/complications/physiopathology MH - Female MH - Male MH - Quality of Life/psychology MH - *Psychophysics/methods PMC - PMC13118225 OTO - NOTNLM OT - body posture OT - childhood obesity OT - psychophysical functioning COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/04 06:32 MHDA- 2026/05/04 06:33 PMCR- 2026/04/17 CRDT- 2026/05/04 01:19 PHST- 2026/03/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/04 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/04 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/04 01:19 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - medicina62040779 [pii] AID - medicina-62-00779 [pii] AID - 10.3390/medicina62040779 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Medicina (Kaunas). 2026 Apr 17;62(4):779. doi: 10.3390/medicina62040779. PMID- 42075578 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260813 IS - 1648-9144 (Electronic) IS - 1010-660X (Print) IS - 1010-660X (Linking) VI - 62 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Apr 7 TI - Age-Dependent Risk Factors in Pediatric Sleep-Disordered Breathing: A Large-Scale Cross-Sectional Study. LID - 10.3390/medicina62040707 [doi] LID - 707 AB - Background and Objectives: Sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBDs) are common but often underdiagnosed in children. Early identification is essential, as untreated pediatric SRBDs can lead to cognitive, metabolic, and cardiovascular complications. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of children at risk for SRBDs, defined as those screening positive based on Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) scores, and to analyze the association with potential risk factors in the general pediatric population of Lithuania. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 1929 children aged 2-17 years. Parents completed a questionnaire covering demographics, health status, and the PSQ. A validated Lithuanian version of the PSQ was used, with >/=8 (40%) positive responses indicating suspected SRBDs. Results: Overall, 14.9% of children were suspected of having SRBDs, with the highest prevalence among those aged 7-11 years (17.5%), followed by 2-6 years (14.9%) and >/=12 years (12.6%) (p = 0.032). In preschoolers (2-6 years), the strongest predictors were attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD; p < 0.001, OR 4.456, 95% CI 1.992-9.968) and allergic rhinitis (p < 0.001, OR 2.268, 95% CI 1.433-3.591). In children aged 7-11 years, endocrine diseases showed the strongest association (p < 0.001, OR 13.366, 95% CI 2.914-61.313), followed by ADHD (p = 0.001, OR 5.693, 95% CI 1.981-16.363) and adenotonsillar hypertrophy (p < 0.001, OR 3.079, 95% CI 1.839-5.156). In adolescents (>/=12 years), SRBDs were primarily associated with ADHD (p < 0.001, OR 17.513, 95% CI 9.597-31.961) and endocrine diseases (p < 0.001, OR 6.214, 95% CI 2.965-13.020), while obesity remained significant (p < 0.001, OR 3.400, 95% CI 2.106-5.489). Conclusions: Approximately 15% of Lithuanian children were at risk for SRBDs. Risk factors differed by age: adenotonsillar hypertrophy in school-aged children, allergic rhinitis in preschoolers, and obesity in adolescents, whereas ADHD was associated across age groups. FAU - Oboleviciene, Gintare AU - Oboleviciene G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7579-0789 AD - Pediatric Department, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu Str. 2, LT-50103 Kaunas, Lithuania. FAU - Mejeryte, Viktorija AU - Mejeryte V AD - Pediatric Department, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu Str. 2, LT-50103 Kaunas, Lithuania. FAU - Jotautaite, Norvile AU - Jotautaite N AD - Pediatric Department, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu Str. 2, LT-50103 Kaunas, Lithuania. FAU - Rinkeviciene, Egle AU - Rinkeviciene E AD - Pediatric Department, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu Str. 2, LT-50103 Kaunas, Lithuania. FAU - Katiniene, Inga AU - Katiniene I AD - Pediatric Department, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu Str. 2, LT-50103 Kaunas, Lithuania. FAU - Gurskis, Vaidotas AU - Gurskis V AD - Pediatric Department, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu Str. 2, LT-50103 Kaunas, Lithuania. FAU - Kevalas, Rimantas AU - Kevalas R AD - Pediatric Department, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu Str. 2, LT-50103 Kaunas, Lithuania. FAU - Miseviciene, Valdone AU - Miseviciene V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4753-8011 AD - Pediatric Department, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu Str. 2, LT-50103 Kaunas, Lithuania. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260407 PL - Switzerland TA - Medicina (Kaunas) JT - Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) JID - 9425208 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Lithuania/epidemiology MH - Risk Factors MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Sleep Apnea Syndromes/epidemiology/etiology MH - Adolescent MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Prevalence MH - Age Factors MH - Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/complications/epidemiology PMC - PMC13117163 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire OT - pediatric sleep apnea OT - prevalence of SRBDs OT - risk factors in children OT - sleep-related breathing disorders COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/04 06:33 MHDA- 2026/05/04 06:34 PMCR- 2026/04/07 CRDT- 2026/05/04 01:18 PHST- 2026/03/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/04 06:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/04 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/04 01:18 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - medicina62040707 [pii] AID - medicina-62-00707 [pii] AID - 10.3390/medicina62040707 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Medicina (Kaunas). 2026 Apr 7;62(4):707. doi: 10.3390/medicina62040707. PMID- 42075103 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Apr 20 TI - Long-Term Outcomes of Mediterranean-Adapted Crohn's Disease Exclusion Diet in Mild Pediatric Crohn's Disease: A Real-Life Study from a Referral IBD Center. LID - 10.3390/nu18081290 [doi] LID - 1290 AB - Background: Exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) is the recommended first-line therapy for induction of remission in pediatric mild-to-moderate Crohn's disease (CD), but its restrictive nature often limits adherence and long-term sustainability. A modified version of the Crohn's Disease Exclusion Diet (CDED), integrating Mediterranean dietary principles, was developed to offer a more acceptable alternative while preserving therapeutic efficacy. Methods: We conducted a retrospective, single-center study comparing short- and long-term outcomes of a Mediterranean-adapted CDED (M-CDED) with partial enteral nutrition (PEN) versus standard EEN in children with mild-to-moderate CD. Clinical remission was assessed after 8 and 16 weeks, while long-term outcomes were assessed after 1 and 2 years. Results: Data collected from thirty-two patients were analyzed (EEN, 14; M-CDED, 18). Clinical remission rates were comparable after 8 weeks (92.8% EEN vs. 94.4% M-CDED) and 16 weeks (100% in both groups). However, at 12 and 24 months, M-CDED was associated with significantly higher rates of clinical and biochemical remission and a markedly lower need for biologic drugs (12-month biologic initiation: 50% EEN vs. 11.1% M-CDED; p = 0.01). Adherence to M-CDED was excellent throughout follow-up. Conclusions: M-CDED with PEN appears to be as effective as EEN for remission induction, with improved long-term disease control and reduced therapeutic escalation. These findings support the feasibility of M-CDED as a sustainable option for long-term management of pediatric CD. Prospective studies are needed to confirm these results. FAU - Alvisi, Patrizia AU - Alvisi P AD - Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Ospedale Maggiore, Azienda USL, 40133 Bologna, Italy. FAU - Valerii, Maria Chiara AU - Valerii MC AD - Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy. FAU - Perre, Enrico AU - Perre E AD - Specialty School of Pediatrics, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy. FAU - Barbieri, Gilda AU - Barbieri G AD - Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Ospedale Maggiore, Azienda USL, 40133 Bologna, Italy. FAU - Rizzello, Fernando AU - Rizzello F AD - IBD Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy. FAU - Congiu, Marco AU - Congiu M AD - Pediatric Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Ospedale Maggiore, Azienda USL, 40133 Bologna, Italy. FAU - Pranzetti, Arianna AU - Pranzetti A AD - Specialty School of Pediatrics, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy. FAU - Dussias, Nikolas Kostantine AU - Dussias NK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1338-9361 AD - IBD Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy. FAU - Sbravati, Francesca AU - Sbravati F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4606-9145 AD - Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Ospedale Maggiore, Azienda USL, 40133 Bologna, Italy. FAU - Imbesi, Veronica AU - Imbesi V AD - IBD Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy. FAU - Spisni, Enzo AU - Spisni E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8525-2981 AD - Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy. FAU - Labriola, Flavio AU - Labriola F AD - Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Ospedale Maggiore, Azienda USL, 40133 Bologna, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260420 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - Pediatric Crohn's disease SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Crohn Disease/diet therapy MH - Female MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Male MH - Child MH - *Diet, Mediterranean MH - *Enteral Nutrition/methods MH - Adolescent MH - Remission Induction MH - Treatment Outcome MH - Elimination Diets PMC - PMC13119448 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Mediterranean exclusion diet OT - exclusive enteral nutrition OT - pediatric Crohn's disease COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/04 06:32 MHDA- 2026/05/04 06:33 PMCR- 2026/04/20 CRDT- 2026/05/04 01:17 PHST- 2026/02/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/04 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/04 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/04 01:17 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18081290 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01290 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18081290 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Apr 20;18(8):1290. doi: 10.3390/nu18081290. PMID- 42075098 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260926 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Apr 18 TI - Social Inequalities in T2DM-Related Risk Patterns and Diabetes-Related Knowledge Among Hungarian Secondary School Students Aged 16-20 Years: A Cross-Sectional Study Using an Adapted FINDRISC-Based Screening Framework. LID - 10.3390/nu18081286 [doi] LID - 1286 AB - BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major public health challenge, and several lifestyle-related factors associated with later T2DM may already emerge during the secondary school years. Socioeconomic status (SES), nutrition-related behaviors, physical activity, and basic diabetes-related knowledge may shape these early risk-related patterns. This study examined the relationships between SES, adapted FINDRISC-based T2DM-related risk patterns, and diabetes-related knowledge among Hungarian secondary school students aged 16-20 years. METHODS: A nationwide, cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among students attending Hungarian Baptist secondary schools (N = 1585). SES was classified by Two-Step cluster analysis based on parental education, parental occupation, number of books in the household, and frequency of travel abroad. Relative T2DM-related risk patterns were described using an age-adapted FINDRISC-based screening approach, and basic diabetes-related knowledge was assessed using a 12-item questionnaire. Associations were examined using cross-tabulation and regression analyses in SPSS version 27.0. RESULTS: Most respondents fell into the lower categories of the adapted FINDRISC-based screening framework, whereas 7.4% were classified into the moderate or high adapted FINDRISC-based screening categories. SES was significantly associated with adapted FINDRISC-based screening categories (p < 0.001). Compared with the medium-SES group, students in the low-SES group had higher odds of belonging to a higher adapted FINDRISC-based screening category (OR = 1.81; 95% CI: 1.27-2.57; p = 0.001). SES was also significantly associated with basic diabetes-related knowledge profiles (p = 0.015); students with high SES were less likely to be in the low-knowledge group than in the high-knowledge group (OR = 0.62; p = 0.039). CONCLUSIONS: Social inequalities in T2DM-related risk patterns and diabetes-related knowledge are already visible among secondary school students aged 16-20 years. The adapted FINDRISC-based approach may be useful as a school-based, non-invasive descriptive screening framework for characterizing relative T2DM-related risk patterns, but it is not a validated risk prediction instrument for this age group. FAU - Fuzesi, Brigitta AU - Fuzesi B AD - Faculty of Health Sciences, Doctoral School, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary. AD - National Federation of Diabetes Associations, 1116 Budapest, Hungary. FAU - Porzse, Gabor Ferenc AU - Porzse GF AD - Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary. FAU - Bornemissza, Krisztina Antonia AU - Bornemissza KA AD - Institute of Sociology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Pazmany Peter Catholic University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary. FAU - Horkai, Anita AU - Horkai A AD - Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary. FAU - Sallai, Judit AU - Sallai J AD - Central Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, North Pest Central Hospital-Honved Hospital, 1134 Budapest, Hungary. FAU - Feith, Helga Judit AU - Feith HJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8855-5059 AD - Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary. LA - eng GR - 2023-2.1.2-KDP-2023-00016/Ministry of Culture and Innovation of Hungary from the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260418 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology/diagnosis MH - *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MH - Young Adult MH - Hungary/epidemiology MH - Risk Factors MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Students/statistics & numerical data/psychology MH - Socioeconomic Disparities in Health MH - Schools MH - Mass Screening/methods MH - Socioeconomic Factors MH - Social Class PMC - PMC13119404 OTO - NOTNLM OT - FINDRISC OT - diabetes-related knowledge OT - health behavior OT - secondary school students OT - socioeconomic status OT - type 2 diabetes OT - young people COIS- The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/04 06:32 MHDA- 2026/05/04 06:33 PMCR- 2026/04/18 CRDT- 2026/05/04 01:17 PHST- 2026/02/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/04 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/04 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/04 01:17 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18081286 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01286 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18081286 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Apr 18;18(8):1286. doi: 10.3390/nu18081286. PMID- 42075096 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Apr 18 TI - Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire Dimensions and Central Adiposity in Spanish Schoolchildren: Age-Stratified Associations. LID - 10.3390/nu18081283 [doi] LID - 1283 AB - Background/Objectives: Elevated central adiposity (ECA) in childhood is associated with early cardiometabolic risk and hemodynamic alterations. However, evidence in Spanish schoolchildren regarding the relationship between eating behavior traits and central adiposity is limited, particularly across developmental stages. This study aimed to examine the association between Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ) subscales and ECA, and to explore potential differences by age group. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 496 rural schoolchildren aged 6-15 years. ECA was defined using the waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and sex-specific cut-offs validated for the Spanish pediatric population. Eating behavior was assessed with the CEBQ (Z-scores), and diet quality was measured using the KIDMED index. Multivariable logistic regression models were adjusted for sex, KIDMED score, and maternal education. Analyses were subsequently stratified by age (6-9 and 10-15 years). Results: The prevalence of ECA was 45.90%. In fully adjusted models, higher Food Responsiveness (FR) was associated with increased odds of ECA, while Satiety Responsiveness (SR) acted as a protective factor; sex also showed an independent association. After stratification, sex remained the only significant predictor in children aged 6-9 years. Among those aged 10-15 years, FR was significantly associated with ECA (p = 0.008), while Slowness in Eating (SE) showed a borderline positive association in the adjusted model (p = 0.049) and was therefore interpreted cautiously. SR and Emotional Undereating (EU) showed protective trends near significance (p = 0.081 and p = 0.082, respectively). Conclusions: The association between eating behavior traits and ECA varies by age. In older children, FR showed a robust association with ECA, whereas no behavioral predictors were observed in younger children. The protective role of SR in the global model and the emergence of behavioral predictors in older participants highlight the importance of targeted interventions during late childhood. FAU - Recio-Anon, Carlos AU - Recio-Anon C AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-6511-6725 AD - Critical Care and Emergency Services Unit, Distrito Sanitario Cordoba Guadalquivir, 14011 Cordoba, Spain. AD - EPINUT Research Group (Ref. 929325), Complutense University of Madrid, 28037 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Lendinez-Jurado, Alfonso AU - Lendinez-Jurado A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4408-1335 AD - UGC Churriana, Distrito Sanitario Malaga-Guadalhorce, 29009 Malaga, Spain. AD - Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Vithas Xanit International Hospital, 29630 Malaga, Spain. AD - Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, 29010 Malaga, Spain. FAU - Mata-Ordonez, Fernando AU - Mata-Ordonez F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4126-577X AD - Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain. AD - Instituto Maimonides de Investigacion Biomedica de Cordoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, 14004 Cordoba, Spain. FAU - Carracedo-Anon, Julia AU - Carracedo-Anon J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8422-812X AD - Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, Health Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (Imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Gonzalez-Martin, Antonio AU - Gonzalez-Martin A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0276-0778 AD - Department of Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolution, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Marrodan-Serrano, Maria Dolores AU - Marrodan-Serrano MD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1697-1923 AD - EPINUT Research Group (Ref. 929325), Complutense University of Madrid, 28037 Madrid, Spain. AD - Department of Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolution, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260418 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Male MH - Female MH - Spain/epidemiology MH - Adolescent MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Obesity, Abdominal/epidemiology MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Child Behavior MH - Age Factors MH - Adiposity MH - *Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology MH - Emotional Eating MH - Prevalence PMC - PMC13118514 OTO - NOTNLM OT - KIDMED OT - central adiposity OT - children's eating behaviour questionnaire OT - eating behavior OT - pediatrics OT - schoolchildren OT - waist-to-height ratio COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/04 06:33 MHDA- 2026/05/04 06:34 PMCR- 2026/04/18 CRDT- 2026/05/04 01:17 PHST- 2026/03/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/04 06:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/04 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/04 01:17 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18081283 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01283 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18081283 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Apr 18;18(8):1283. doi: 10.3390/nu18081283. PMID- 42075045 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260818 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Apr 14 TI - Sex Differences in the Associations of Physical Activity and Planetary Health Diet with Obesity and Depressive Symptoms Among Adolescents in Zhejiang Province: An Observational Study. LID - 10.3390/nu18081232 [doi] LID - 1232 AB - Background: Adolescent obesity and depressive symptoms have increased concurrently, often presenting as co-occurrence. However, evidence on the timing of physical activity (e.g., weekday vs. weekend) and adherence to planetary health diets remains limited. This study examined these associations among adolescents in Zhejiang Province from 2022 to 2024. Methods: A total of 261,495 adolescents aged 11-18 years were included. Physical activity (PA) and dietary behaviors were assessed through the China Common Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance among Students questionnaire (reliability: Cronbach's alpha = 0.84, validity: RMSEA = 0.07). The plant-based Planetary Health Diet Index (PHDI-green) adherence was defined as consuming at least one daily serving of both vegetables and fruits. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale, and co-occurrence was defined as the coexistence of obesity and depressive symptoms. Temporal trends were tested using chi(2) tests. Sex-stratified logistic regression, restricted cubic spline analyses, and population attributable fraction (PAF) analyses were applied. Results: From 2022 to 2024, obesity (p for trend = 0.013) and depressive symptoms (p for trend = 0.003) increased significantly, while co-occurrence remained stable (p for trend = 0.058). Boys had higher obesity and co-occurrence, whereas girls showed higher depressive symptoms (all p < 0.001). Higher weekly PA, greater weekend PA and PHDI-green adherence were associated with reduced odds of obesity in both sexes (all p < 0.001). Weekend PA showed stronger associations with depressive symptoms among girls, while PHDI-green showed stronger inverse associations in boys (p for sex difference < 0.001). PAF analyses suggested that low weekend PA accounted for substantial proportions of cases (girls: obesity 10.17%, depressive symptoms 31.30%, co-occurrence 35.64%). Joint adherence to adequate PA and PHDI-green conferred the lowest odds of co-occurrence (boys: OR = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.34-0.46; girls: OR = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.26-0.43). Conclusions: Adherence to the Planetary Health Diet may be particularly relevant for boys, whereas PA-especially weekend PA-may be more strongly associated with health outcomes among girls. These findings suggest the importance of sex-specific and time-targeted behavioral strategies for obesity, depressive symptoms, and their co-occurrence in adolescents. FAU - Lu, Qu AU - Lu Q AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8681-9233 AD - School of Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China. FAU - Chen, Manman AU - Chen M AD - School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China. FAU - Wang, Jiahui AU - Wang J AD - School of Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China. FAU - Zhao, Yuankai AU - Zhao Y AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-9102-857X AD - School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China. FAU - Ye, Zichen AU - Ye Z AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0585-6687 AD - School of Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China. FAU - Hu, Jie AU - Hu J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2940-6525 AD - School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia. AD - Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia. FAU - Meng, Jia AU - Meng J AD - Division of School Health, Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China. FAU - Li, Juanjuan AU - Li J AD - Division of School Health, Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China. FAU - Shen, Yu AU - Shen Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5984-8781 AD - Division of School Health, Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China. FAU - Gu, Fang AU - Gu F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9163-0566 AD - Division of School Health, Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China. FAU - Jiang, Yu AU - Jiang Y AD - School of Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China. FAU - Dong, Bin AU - Dong B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8123-4401 AD - Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China. LA - eng GR - 25&ZD252/the Major Projects of the National Social Science Fund of China/ GR - 7242187/the Beijing Natural Science Foundation/ GR - Grant No. 2023ZD0508500, 2023ZD0508505/the Chinese National Science and Technology Innovation 2030, Noncommunicable Chronic Dis-eases-National Science and Technology Major Project/ GR - 825B2103/the National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - 201920102401/the Research on the Construction of a New Public Health Science System and Talent Training Model/ PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260414 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - China/epidemiology MH - *Depression/epidemiology MH - Male MH - *Exercise MH - *Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology MH - Child MH - *Diet, Healthy/statistics & numerical data MH - Sex Factors PMC - PMC13118374 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescent OT - co-occurrence OT - physical activity OT - planetary health diet COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/04 06:33 MHDA- 2026/05/04 06:34 PMCR- 2026/04/14 CRDT- 2026/05/04 01:16 PHST- 2026/03/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/04 06:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/04 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/04 01:16 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18081232 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01232 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18081232 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Apr 14;18(8):1232. doi: 10.3390/nu18081232. PMID- 42075027 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Apr 11 TI - Chrononutrition, Body Composition, and Resting Metabolic Rate Among College Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. LID - 10.3390/nu18081214 [doi] LID - 1214 AB - BACKGROUND: Chrononutrition is essential for metabolic health, but relevant evidence in Chinese sports-majoring college students is still insufficient. This study aimed to identify chrononutrition patterns and their associations with body composition and resting metabolic rate (RMR) in college students from a sports university. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 174 college students from Beijing Sport University (131 sports-majoring and 43 non-sports-majoring). Chrononutrition was measured by the validated Chinese version of the Chrononutrition Profile Questionnaire (CP-Q), body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and RMR by indirect calorimetry. Sample sizes varied across analyses according to data availability, and 133 participants provided valid data for both body composition and resting metabolic rate (RMR) assessments. RESULTS: Frequent night eating was positively correlated with BMI (r = 0.27, p = 0.001), and regular breakfast consumption was related to higher muscle mass percentage (beta = 0.23, p < 0.01, sr(2) = 0.05). Compared with non-sports-majoring students, sports-majoring students had longer weekday eating windows (11.2 +/- 2.8 h vs. 8.5 +/- 2.5 h, p < 0.001) and a higher dinner energy proportion (37.2 +/- 6.9% vs. 30.5 +/- 6.5%, p < 0.001). Males had later meal times and longer eating windows than females (breakfast: 7:58 vs. 7:46; dinner: 18:55 vs. 18:41; eating window: 11.5 h vs. 10.9 h; all p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Chrononutrition was more closely associated with body composition than with absolute RMR in this predominantly sports-majoring sample of Chinese college students. Regular breakfast and reduced night eating are potential intervention targets for future chrononutrition guidance. However, the findings should be generalized to the broader college student population with caution. FAU - Xu, Kun AU - Xu K AD - Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education of Exercise and Physical Fitness, School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China. FAU - Yan, Shuo AU - Yan S AD - Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education of Exercise and Physical Fitness, School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China. FAU - Ji, Yuqin AU - Ji Y AD - Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education of Exercise and Physical Fitness, School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China. FAU - Meng, Yihan AU - Meng Y AD - Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education of Exercise and Physical Fitness, School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China. FAU - Li, Hongjuan AU - Li H AD - Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education of Exercise and Physical Fitness, School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China. LA - eng GR - 2023ZD0508500,2023ZD0508502/National Science and Technology Innovation 2030 Major Project "Major Special Project for Four Major Chronic Diseases"/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260411 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Basal Metabolism/physiology MH - *Body Composition/physiology MH - *Students/statistics & numerical data MH - Young Adult MH - Universities MH - *Feeding Behavior/physiology MH - Body Mass Index MH - Adolescent MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Calorimetry, Indirect MH - Absorptiometry, Photon MH - Adult PMC - PMC13119362 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Chinese young adults OT - body composition OT - chrononutrition OT - resting metabolic rate OT - sports-majoring college students COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2026/05/04 06:33 MHDA- 2026/05/04 06:34 PMCR- 2026/04/11 CRDT- 2026/05/04 01:16 PHST- 2026/03/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/04 06:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/04 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/04 01:16 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18081214 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01214 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18081214 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Apr 11;18(8):1214. doi: 10.3390/nu18081214. PMID- 42075023 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Apr 11 TI - Conditions for Knowledge and Application of Vegetarian/Vegan Diets Among Secondary School Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. LID - 10.3390/nu18081210 [doi] LID - 1210 AB - Background/Objectives: Knowledge of plant-based diets is gaining increasing significance in adolescents due to the growing popularity of vegetarian and vegan dietary patterns. To date, there has been limited research examining the level of awareness and understanding of these diets among secondary school students, as well as the factors influencing their knowledge. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of plant-based diets and to assess knowledge regarding these dietary patterns among high school students, as well as to identify factors associated with both diet adherence and achieving sufficient nutritional knowledge. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 341 high school students. Data were collected using a self-administered paper questionnaire that included demographic information, self-reported body weight and height, adherence to plant-based diets, and knowledge of vegetarian and vegan nutrition. Nutritional knowledge was assessed using a structured 19-item questionnaire (25 scorable items) and verified for reliability (test-retest, Krippendorff's alpha = 0.88). Based on a 25-point scale, a score of >60% (16-25 points) was categorized as 'sufficient' knowledge. Statistical analyses included the chi-square test, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric tests, and multivariable logistic regression to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) for factors associated with sufficient knowledge. Results: The prevalence of plant-based diets in the study group was 16.1% (n = 55), with a significantly higher frequency observed among female students and those with sufficient nutritional knowledge. The majority of students (81.2%) achieved sufficient knowledge. Higher scores were observed among female students, those in higher grade levels, and those individuals adhering to plant-based diets (p < 0.05). Multivariate regression analysis indicated that male sex (aOR = 0.38 compared to females), higher grade level (aOR = 3.66 for grade 3 vs. grade 1; aOR = 3.62 for grade 4 vs. grade 1), residence in a rural area (aOR = 0.50), and non-adherence to a plant-based diet (aOR = 0.32) were independently associated with sufficient knowledge. Conclusions: The majority of high school students demonstrate sufficient knowledge regarding plant-based diets, with significant variations associated with sex, grade level, place of residence, and experience with plant-based diets. These findings underscore the need for targeted educational interventions, particularly among male students, those in lower grade levels, and individuals residing in rural areas. FAU - Kurzawska, Oliwia AU - Kurzawska O AD - Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 37 Chelmonskiego Street, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland. FAU - Raczkowska, Ewa AU - Raczkowska E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4205-1351 AD - Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 37 Chelmonskiego Street, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland. LA - eng GR - The APC is financed by Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences./Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260411 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - *Diet, Vegetarian/psychology MH - Adolescent MH - *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MH - Male MH - *Students/psychology MH - *Diet, Vegan/psychology MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Schools PMC - PMC13118344 OTO - NOTNLM OT - BMI OT - adolescents OT - nutritional knowledge OT - plant-based diet OT - vegan diet OT - vegetarian diet COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/04 06:33 MHDA- 2026/05/04 06:34 PMCR- 2026/04/11 CRDT- 2026/05/04 01:16 PHST- 2026/02/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/04 06:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/04 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/04 01:16 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18081210 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01210 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18081210 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Apr 11;18(8):1210. doi: 10.3390/nu18081210. PMID- 42075022 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260814 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Apr 11 TI - How to Teach Healthy Life-Style Efficiently in a Pediatric Outpatient Setting: Proposal of an Innovative Tridimensional Pyramid. LID - 10.3390/nu18081209 [doi] LID - 1209 AB - BACKGROUND: Childhood obesity is a major public health concern associated with adverse metabolic outcomes later in life. Despite increased awareness, unhealthy lifestyle behaviors-including suboptimal diet quality, physical inactivity, insufficient sleep, and unfavorable body composition-remain prevalent in pediatric populations. Effective, child-centered educational tools for early prevention are still limited. METHODS: We developed the Lifestyle Tridimensional Pyramid, an educational model integrating nutrition, physical activity, and sleep within a single, three-dimensional framework. The model also addresses body composition by emphasizing the balance between skeletal muscle and adipose tissue and the interdependence of lifestyle behaviors. This narrative review is supported by an umbrella review of 17 systematic reviews and meta-analyses published between 2010 and 2025, synthesizing evidence on lifestyle behaviors of pediatric obesity. RESULTS: High- to moderate-quality evidence indicates that adherence to Mediterranean-style dietary patterns, regular moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, adequate sleep duration, and a healthier body composition might prevent the development of obesity and improved cardiometabolic profiles in children and adolescents. The pyramid provides a structured, visually accessible tool to support lifestyle counseling in pediatric outpatient settings and is adaptable to school- and community-based health promotion. CONCLUSIONS: Although prospective validation studies are warranted, the Lifestyle Tridimensional Pyramid represents a practical, evidence-informed framework to support integrated lifestyle education and improve primary and secondary prevention of pediatric obesity. FAU - Mohn, Angelika Anna AU - Mohn AA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6747-9306 AD - Departement of Pediatrics, University of Chieti, 65100 Chieti, Italy. AD - Clinical Research Center, "G.d'Annunzio" Foundation, University of Chieti, 65100 Chieti, Italy. FAU - Pietro, Giada Di AU - Pietro GD AD - Departement of Pediatrics, University of Chieti, 65100 Chieti, Italy. FAU - Maggitti, Alessandro AU - Maggitti A AD - Departement of Pediatrics, University of Chieti, 65100 Chieti, Italy. FAU - Trisi, Giulia AU - Trisi G AD - Departement of Pediatrics, University of Chieti, 65100 Chieti, Italy. FAU - Bucci, Ilaria AU - Bucci I AD - Departement of Pediatrics, University of Chieti, 65100 Chieti, Italy. FAU - Passarelli, Martina AU - Passarelli M AD - Departement of Pediatrics, University of Chieti, 65100 Chieti, Italy. FAU - Polidori, Nella AU - Polidori N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7441-2655 AD - Departement of Pediatrics, University of Chieti, 65100 Chieti, Italy. FAU - Ludovico, Armando Di AU - Ludovico AD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2644-1475 AD - Departement of Pediatrics, University of Chieti, 65100 Chieti, Italy. FAU - Chiarelli, Francesco AU - Chiarelli F AD - Departement of Pediatrics, University of Chieti, 65100 Chieti, Italy. AD - Clinical Research Center, "G.d'Annunzio" Foundation, University of Chieti, 65100 Chieti, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20260411 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - *Healthy Lifestyle MH - Exercise MH - *Health Promotion/methods MH - *Pediatric Obesity/prevention & control MH - Sleep MH - Adolescent MH - Body Composition MH - Life Style MH - Health Behavior MH - Diet, Mediterranean PMC - PMC13119281 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Mediterranean diet OT - health promotion OT - lifestyle education OT - pediatric obesity OT - physical activity OT - sleep hygiene OT - tridimensional pyramid COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/04 06:32 MHDA- 2026/05/04 12:35 PMCR- 2026/04/11 CRDT- 2026/05/04 01:16 PHST- 2026/02/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/04 12:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/04 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/04 01:16 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18081209 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01209 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18081209 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Apr 11;18(8):1209. doi: 10.3390/nu18081209. PMID- 42075001 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Apr 10 TI - C3-Epimer Inclusion Influences Vitamin D Deficiency Classification Near Diagnostic Thresholds in Early Childhood. LID - 10.3390/nu18081188 [doi] LID - 1188 AB - Background: Vitamin D deficiency in early childhood is commonly defined using fixed 25(OH)D thresholds, most often <20 ng/mL. However, inclusion of the C3-epimer (3-epi-25(OH)D(3)) in total 25(OH)D measurements may influence classification, particularly in children with borderline concentrations. Methods: In this cross-sectional study of 128 children aged 0-36 months, vitamin D metabolites were quantified using LC-MS/MS in dried blood spot (DBS) samples. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as <20 ng/mL. Total 25(OH)D was recalculated after subtraction of the C3-epimer to assess changes in deficiency classification. Agreement was evaluated using Cohen's kappa, and systematic differences were tested with McNemar's test. Diagnostic performance parameters were calculated using epimer-resolved 25(OH)D as the reference standard. Results: Mean 25(OH)D(3) concentration was 20.3 +/- 6.2 ng/mL, and 57% of children were classified as deficient. After epimer subtraction, deficiency classification changed in 22 of 128 children (17.2%). Agreement between classifications was substantial (kappa = 0.67), but McNemar's test demonstrated a significant systematic shift (p < 0.001). Sensitivity of total 25(OH)D including the epimer for detecting deficiency was 70.3% (95% CI: 59.0-80.0%), with specificity of 100% (95% CI: 94.3-100%). Reclassification was strongly concentrated among children with borderline 25(OH)D(3) concentrations (18-22 ng/mL), where 54.5% were reclassified compared with 4.2% outside this range. Reclassification was not associated with age. Conclusions: In young children, inclusion of the C3-epimer in total 25(OH)D measurement leads to potentially clinically relevant misclassification of vitamin D deficiency, particularly near diagnostic thresholds. Epimer-resolved assessment may improve diagnostic precision in cases with borderline vitamin D concentrations. FAU - Julia, Tworowska AU - Julia T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0141-4155 AD - Department of Paediatrics, Allergology and Gastroenterology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University Torun, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland. FAU - Krzysztof, Gorynski AU - Krzysztof G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9976-9789 AD - Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Seminaryjna 3, 85-326 Bydgoszcz, Poland. FAU - Zofia, Gorynska Paulina AU - Zofia GP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0616-9811 AD - Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Seminaryjna 3, 85-326 Bydgoszcz, Poland. FAU - Justyna, Stampor-Bednarska AU - Justyna SB AD - Department of Paediatrics, Allergology and Gastroenterology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University Torun, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland. FAU - Ola, Sobieska-Poszwa AU - Ola SP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1400-868X AD - Department of Paediatrics, Allergology and Gastroenterology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University Torun, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland. FAU - Aneta, Krogulska AU - Aneta K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5280-1876 AD - Department of Paediatrics, Allergology and Gastroenterology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University Torun, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland. FAU - Joanna, Siodmiak AU - Joanna S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7374-9122 AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University Torun, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland. FAU - Konrad, Kowalski AU - Konrad K AD - Masdiag Sp. z o.o., 01-882 Warsaw, Poland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260410 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - P6YZ13C99Q (Calcifediol) RN - 1406-16-2 (Vitamin D) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Vitamin D Deficiency/diagnosis/blood/classification MH - Infant MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - Child, Preschool MH - Male MH - Tandem Mass Spectrometry MH - *Calcifediol/blood MH - Infant, Newborn MH - *Vitamin D/blood/analogs & derivatives MH - Dried Blood Spot Testing MH - Chromatography, Liquid PMC - PMC13119198 OTO - NOTNLM OT - 25(OH)D OT - C3-epimer OT - LC-MS/MS OT - diagnostic threshold OT - early childhood OT - misclassification OT - pediatric nutrition OT - vitamin D deficiency COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/04 06:32 MHDA- 2026/05/04 06:33 PMCR- 2026/04/10 CRDT- 2026/05/04 01:16 PHST- 2026/03/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/04 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/04 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/04 01:16 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18081188 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01188 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18081188 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Apr 10;18(8):1188. doi: 10.3390/nu18081188. PMID- 42074931 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260504 LR - 20260813 IS - 2077-0383 (Print) IS - 2077-0383 (Electronic) IS - 2077-0383 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Apr 20 TI - Caring for the 'Heads-Down Generation': Screen Time and Physical Health Complaints Among Adolescents in Poland. LID - 10.3390/jcm15083130 [doi] LID - 3130 AB - Background/Objectives: Digital media play an important role in the lives of contemporary adolescents. While associated with many benefits, they also pose risks to physical health related to prolonged screen time and non-ergonomic body posture. This study analyzed the frequency of self-reported physical complaints among Polish adolescents in relation to time spent on different screen-based activities. Methods: The study included 9083 students aged 13-17 who completed an online survey in March and April 2024 in schools located in western Poland (approximately 30% of the region's student population). Physical symptoms selected from the HBSC-SCL instrument were analyzed and supplemented with neck or shoulder pain and eye strain. Results: Longer screen time was associated with more frequent occurrence of all analyzed complaints. A 5-item index ranging from 0 to 20 points was proposed, including headache, neck or shoulder pain, eye strain, dizziness, and problems falling asleep (mean 6.56 +/- 5.15). The index showed reliability at the level of alpha = 0.744 and good model fit according to CFA (RMSEA = 0.025). In a multivariate linear regression model (R(2) = 0.153), after adjusting for age, gender, place of residence, and family affluence, the variability of this index was most strongly associated with time spent on social media (beta = 0.40) and browsing websites (beta = 0.30). Gender-specific models were also compared. Conclusions: The results confirm the co-occurrence of physical complaints during adolescence and a significant association between their severity and screen-based activities, particularly engagement in social media. FAU - Mazur, Joanna AU - Mazur J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3937-7230 AD - Department of Humanization of Medicine and Sexology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Gora, 65-046 Zielona Gora, Poland. FAU - Kozakiewicz, Alicja AU - Kozakiewicz A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6490-2511 AD - Department of Humanization of Medicine and Sexology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Gora, 65-046 Zielona Gora, Poland. FAU - Porwit, Katarzyna AU - Porwit K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2924-1268 AD - Centre of Migration Research, University of Warsaw, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland. FAU - Kleszczewska, Dorota AU - Kleszczewska D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7523-8628 AD - Departament of Health Sociology, Education and Medical Communication, Institute of Mother and Child, 01-211 Warsaw, Poland. FAU - Bialorudzki, Maciej AU - Bialorudzki M AD - Department of Biomedical Aspects of Development and Sexology, Faculty of Education, University of Warsaw, 00-561 Warsaw, Poland. FAU - Izdebski, Zbigniew AU - Izdebski Z AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0165-1860 AD - Department of Humanization of Medicine and Sexology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Gora, 65-046 Zielona Gora, Poland. AD - Department of Biomedical Aspects of Development and Sexology, Faculty of Education, University of Warsaw, 00-561 Warsaw, Poland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260420 PL - Switzerland TA - J Clin Med JT - Journal of clinical medicine JID - 101606588 PMC - PMC13117625 OTO - NOTNLM OT - HBSC OT - adolescents OT - eye strain OT - musculoskeletal pain OT - physical health complaints OT - screen time OT - sedentary behavior OT - social media COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/04 06:33 MHDA- 2026/05/04 06:34 PMCR- 2026/04/20 CRDT- 2026/05/04 01:16 PHST- 2026/03/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/04 06:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/04 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/04 01:16 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jcm15083130 [pii] AID - jcm-15-03130 [pii] AID - 10.3390/jcm15083130 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Clin Med. 2026 Apr 20;15(8):3130. doi: 10.3390/jcm15083130. PMID- 42074422 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260813 IS - 1660-4601 (Electronic) IS - 1661-7827 (Print) IS - 1660-4601 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Apr 11 TI - DEMETRA: An ACT-Based Virtual Coach to Support Healthier Lifestyles in Overweight Pregnant Women-Protocol for a Feasibility Pilot Study. LID - 10.3390/ijerph23040483 [doi] LID - 483 AB - During pregnancy, women are more inclined to modify their habits and lifestyle to find a new balance and promote well-being for themselves and the child-to-be. However, the availability of nutritional and psychological support is often limited by stigma, geographic barriers, and a lack of services. Digital health tools are emerging as possible solutions to cover these needs. This study explores the acceptability, feasibility, and user experience of Demetra, a virtual coach based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), designed to promote healthy lifestyles and mental well-being. Fifty pregnant women will be enrolled in the feasibility study of the intervention. It starts with an educational part on the foundations of healthy eating and suggestions about lifestyle habits, followed by a six-week psychoeducational module. Content is delivered through text, audio, and video formats. User experience and engagement will be measured through validated questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. Psychological well-being will be evaluated both before and after the program. The intervention is expected to be well-received, with high levels of satisfaction and engagement, leading to a greater awareness of healthy behaviors, improved psychological flexibility, and enhanced overall well-being. Demetra offers an accessible solution to support women through the transformative experience of motherhood with a multidisciplinary and innovative approach. FAU - Nicoletti, Anna Elena AU - Nicoletti AE AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-4051-6341 AD - Digital Health Research, Centre for Digital Health & Wellbeing, Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Via Sommarive 18, 38123 Trento, Italy. FAU - Purin, Barbara AU - Purin B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1913-6998 AD - Digital Health Research, Centre for Digital Health & Wellbeing, Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Via Sommarive 18, 38123 Trento, Italy. FAU - Rizzi, Silvia AU - Rizzi S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8610-2432 AD - Digital Health Research, Centre for Digital Health & Wellbeing, Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Via Sommarive 18, 38123 Trento, Italy. FAU - Dalmonego, Carlo AU - Dalmonego C AD - Digital Health Research, Centre for Digital Health & Wellbeing, Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Via Sommarive 18, 38123 Trento, Italy. FAU - Bezzeccheri, Anna AU - Bezzeccheri A AD - Digital Health Research, Centre for Digital Health & Wellbeing, Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Via Sommarive 18, 38123 Trento, Italy. FAU - Corradini, Silvia AU - Corradini S AD - Digital Health Research, Centre for Digital Health & Wellbeing, Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Via Sommarive 18, 38123 Trento, Italy. FAU - Poggianella, Stefania AU - Poggianella S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6271-6037 AD - Digital Health Research, Centre for Digital Health & Wellbeing, Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Via Sommarive 18, 38123 Trento, Italy. FAU - Paoli, Claudia AU - Paoli C AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-9668-5234 AD - Transmural Obstetric Gynecological Department, Healthcare Trust of the Autonomous Province of Trento (APSS), 38122 Trento, Italy. FAU - Burlon, Barbara AU - Burlon B AD - Transmural Obstetric Gynecological Department, Healthcare Trust of the Autonomous Province of Trento (APSS), 38122 Trento, Italy. FAU - Zorzi, Marina AU - Zorzi M AD - Transmural Obstetric Gynecological Department, Healthcare Trust of the Autonomous Province of Trento (APSS), 38122 Trento, Italy. FAU - Lazzari, Cecilia AU - Lazzari C AD - Transmural Obstetric Gynecological Department, Healthcare Trust of the Autonomous Province of Trento (APSS), 38122 Trento, Italy. FAU - Depaoli, Stefania AU - Depaoli S AD - Transmural Obstetric Gynecological Department, Healthcare Trust of the Autonomous Province of Trento (APSS), 38122 Trento, Italy. FAU - Fronza, Ornella AU - Fronza O AD - Transmural Obstetric Gynecological Department, Healthcare Trust of the Autonomous Province of Trento (APSS), 38122 Trento, Italy. FAU - Lorenzato, Enrica AU - Lorenzato E AD - Transmural Obstetric Gynecological Department, Healthcare Trust of the Autonomous Province of Trento (APSS), 38122 Trento, Italy. FAU - Marroni, Debora AU - Marroni D AD - Operating Unit of Psychology, Healthcare Trust of the Autonomous Province of Trento (APSS), 38122 Trento, Italy. FAU - Forti, Stefano AU - Forti S AD - Digital Health Research, Centre for Digital Health & Wellbeing, Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Via Sommarive 18, 38123 Trento, Italy. FAU - Taddei, Fabrizio AU - Taddei F AD - Transmural Obstetric Gynecological Department, Healthcare Trust of the Autonomous Province of Trento (APSS), 38122 Trento, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260411 PL - Switzerland TA - Int J Environ Res Public Health JT - International journal of environmental research and public health JID - 101238455 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - Pilot Projects MH - Feasibility Studies MH - *Overweight/therapy/psychology MH - *Healthy Lifestyle MH - *Health Promotion/methods MH - *Pregnant People MH - Adult PMC - PMC13116530 OTO - NOTNLM OT - ACT OT - digital intervention OT - eHealth OT - healthy eating OT - healthy lifestyles OT - mental well-being OT - overweight OT - pregnancy OT - usability OT - user-centred design COIS- Anna Elena Nicoletti was employed by Fondazione Bruno Kessler. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationship that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/04 06:33 MHDA- 2026/05/04 06:34 PMCR- 2026/04/11 CRDT- 2026/05/04 01:14 PHST- 2025/07/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/08/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/04 06:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/04 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/04 01:14 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ijerph23040483 [pii] AID - ijerph-23-00483 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijerph23040483 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2026 Apr 11;23(4):483. doi: 10.3390/ijerph23040483. PMID- 42073428 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260504 LR - 20260813 IS - 2075-1729 (Print) IS - 2075-1729 (Electronic) IS - 2075-1729 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Apr 7 TI - The Relationship Between Eating Habits and Anthropometric Values in High School Adolescents. LID - 10.3390/life16040618 [doi] LID - 618 AB - Objectives: The present study aimed to examine the relationship between dietary habits and anthropometric characteristics of high school adolescents. Participants and Methods: This cross-sectional study involved randomly selecting 104 students (34 boys and 70 girls) who were 17-19 years old. To evaluate dietary habits, a validated and standardized EPIC-Norfolk frequency food questionnaire was used, and anthropometric characteristics of the participants were assessed. Results: The most often consumed foods during the week were meats and fruits, while the least frequently consumed were fish and vegetables. For all participants, intake below the recommended levels was for alpha-carotene, total carbohydrate sugars, vitamin D, milk, dairy products, nuts, and seeds. Intake of proteins and iron was below the recommended levels in girls. Boys had a lower intake of proteins and fruits compared to girls. No differences were observed in the consumption of macronutrients. The median of all anthropometric values was within the reference values. Boys were slightly older and had significantly higher values of body weight and height, BMI, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip-ratio (WHR) compared to girls. In addition, systolic blood pressure (SBP) was significantly higher in males than in females. Participants with increased arterial blood pressure (ABP) showed significantly higher energy intake from fat, sodium intake, and total fat intake compared to those with normal ABP. Participants with increased WHR had significantly higher energy intake, intake of sodium, and total carbohydrates compared to those with normal WHR. Conclusions: This study shows that adolescents' eating habits (particularly intake of fat and sodium) were associated with anthropometric values, ABP, and WHR, which present risks for cardiometabolic diseases in adulthood. FAU - Firi, Lucija AU - Firi L AD - Health Centre Osijek-Baranja County, 31000 Osijek, Croatia. FAU - Mihaljevic, Dubravka AU - Mihaljevic D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0051-4154 AD - Department of Nephrology, Clinical Hospital Centre Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia. FAU - Prosic, Ivan AU - Prosic I AD - General Hospital Nasice, 31500 Nasice, Croatia. FAU - Kralik, Kristina AU - Kralik K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4481-6365 AD - Department of Medical Statistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, University Josip Juraj Strossmayer Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia. FAU - Stupin, Ana AU - Stupin A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7446-0021 AD - Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, University Josip Juraj Strossmayer Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia. FAU - Jukic, Ivana AU - Jukic I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3795-2112 AD - Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, University Josip Juraj Strossmayer Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia. FAU - Drenjancevic, Ines AU - Drenjancevic I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4964-7721 AD - Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, University Josip Juraj Strossmayer Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia. LA - eng GR - IP18-MEFOS_2024 and IP20-MEFOS-2025/Faculty of Medicine Osijek/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260407 PL - Switzerland TA - Life (Basel) JT - Life (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101580444 PMC - PMC13117922 OTO - NOTNLM OT - anthropometry OT - body mass index OT - dietary habits OT - waist-hip ratio COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/04 06:32 MHDA- 2026/05/04 06:33 PMCR- 2026/04/07 CRDT- 2026/05/04 01:10 PHST- 2026/02/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/04 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/04 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/04 01:10 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - life16040618 [pii] AID - life-16-00618 [pii] AID - 10.3390/life16040618 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Life (Basel). 2026 Apr 7;16(4):618. doi: 10.3390/life16040618. PMID- 42073063 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260504 LR - 20260813 IS - 2227-9067 (Print) IS - 2227-9067 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9067 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Mar 31 TI - One-Year Follow-Up of Weight Trajectories After the EDDY School-Based Nutrition and Physical Activity Program. LID - 10.3390/children13040485 [doi] LID - 485 AB - Background/Objectives: The Effect of Diet and Exercise Training on Obesity and Secondary Disease Prevention and on the Lifestyle of Young Children (EDDY) study implemented a two-year school-based nutrition and physical activity program in a Viennese primary school to promote healthy weight trajectories. This follow-up examined whether anthropometric benefits persisted one year after program cessation without active intervention. Methods: Prospective longitudinal data from 36 intervention-group children (76.6% completion rate from baseline n = 47) were analyzed. Standardized measurements at baseline (T1), post-intervention (T2), and one-year post-intervention (T3) included BMI, SDS-BMI, and waist-to-height ratio by trained staff. Mixed-effects models evaluated changes over time with time, sex, baseline age, and baseline anthropometry as fixed effects. Results: At T3, median age was 10.5 years (IQR: 10.2-11.0). BMI increased consistently with normal growth (time effect p = 0.112), with a mean post-intervention increase of 0.70 kg/m(2) (95% CI: 0.41-0.99; p < 0.001). SDS-BMI remained stable across periods (time effect p = 0.967; post-intervention change +0.013 SDS units, 95% CI: -0.178 to 0.109; p = 0.826). Waist-to-height ratio showed small changes (time effect p = 0.041) modified by baseline values, remaining within normal range. No sex-by-time interactions were observed (all p > 0.13). Conclusions: One year post-EDDY intervention, participating children maintained stable SDS-BMI and waist-to-height trajectories, reflecting sustained healthy growth. These results highlight the feasibility of maintaining healthy weight trajectories after the EDDY school-based nutrition and physical activity program and underscore the need for larger controlled trials to establish the long-term effectiveness of school-based programs. FAU - Moliterno, Paula AU - Moliterno P AD - Austrian Academic Institute for Clinical Nutrition, 1090 Vienna, Austria. FAU - Widhalm, Kurt AU - Widhalm K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8700-5573 AD - Austrian Academic Institute for Clinical Nutrition, 1090 Vienna, Austria. AD - Division of Clinical Nutrition and Prevention, Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria. LA - eng GR - Geschaftszahl: 2022-0.813.540/Federal Ministry of Education, Science and Research, Austria (2022-2024)./ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260331 PL - Switzerland TA - Children (Basel) JT - Children (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101648936 PMC - PMC13115548 OTO - NOTNLM OT - BMI OT - longitudinal follow-up OT - school-based intervention COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2026/05/04 06:32 MHDA- 2026/05/04 06:33 PMCR- 2026/03/31 CRDT- 2026/05/04 01:09 PHST- 2026/02/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/04 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/04 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/04 01:09 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - children13040485 [pii] AID - children-13-00485 [pii] AID - 10.3390/children13040485 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Children (Basel). 2026 Mar 31;13(4):485. doi: 10.3390/children13040485. PMID- 42072787 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260504 LR - 20260813 IS - 2075-4418 (Print) IS - 2075-4418 (Electronic) IS - 2075-4418 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Apr 14 TI - Physical Activity Patterns and Cardiometabolic Risk in Children and Adolescents with Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Study. LID - 10.3390/diagnostics16081162 [doi] LID - 1162 AB - Introduction: Childhood and adolescent obesity is a growing global health challenge associated with early metabolic and cardiovascular complications. This study aims to compare questionnaire-assessed physical activity patterns and lifestyle characteristics among children and adolescents with obesity and normal-weight peers and to explore their associations with clinical measurements and cardiometabolic risk. Assessing resting metabolic rate (RMR) by indirect calorimetry may provide additional insight into metabolic status beyond conventional anthropometric indicators. Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study included 58 children and adolescents aged 5-18 years with obesity and 30 normal-weight controls evaluated in Sfanta Maria Emergency Children's Hospital Iasi, Romania. Clinical data included anthropometric measurements and available biochemical parameters. RMR was assessed through indirect calorimetry (Fitmate Pro, Cosmed, Rome, Italy). Parents completed a structured lifestyle questionnaire adapted from validated international instruments, collecting information on physical activity, sedentary behavior, and wearable device use. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 22.0, applying descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation analysis. Results: Children with obesity reported higher body mass index (BMI) (30.48 +/- 5.31 kg/m(2)), higher RMR values, lower physical activity levels and greater sedentary time than controls. RMR correlated positively with BMI, central adiposity, blood pressure, waist-to-height, hepatic steatosis and exercise tolerance. Although electronic devices for monitoring physical activity were more frequently used in the obesity group, this was not associated with higher activity levels. Conclusions: Children and adolescents with obesity exhibited a clustered cardiometabolic risk profile and reduced physical activity. RMR measured by indirect calorimetry may contribute to a more comprehensive metabolic assessment in pediatric obesity. FAU - Manole, Lorena Mihaela AU - Manole LM AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-6798-9984 AD - Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania. FAU - Tarca, Elena AU - Tarca E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3018-8011 AD - Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania. AD - Sfanta Maria Emergency Children Hospital, 700309 Iasi, Romania. FAU - Spoiala, Elena-Lia AU - Spoiala EL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7015-0085 AD - Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania. AD - Sfanta Maria Emergency Children Hospital, 700309 Iasi, Romania. FAU - Boca, Laura Otilia AU - Boca LO AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-1062-9995 AD - Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania. AD - Sfanta Maria Emergency Children Hospital, 700309 Iasi, Romania. FAU - Donos, Madalina Andreea AU - Donos MA AD - Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania. AD - Sfanta Maria Emergency Children Hospital, 700309 Iasi, Romania. FAU - Paduraru, Gabriela AU - Paduraru G AD - Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania. AD - Sfanta Maria Emergency Children Hospital, 700309 Iasi, Romania. FAU - Ghiga, Gabriela AU - Ghiga G AD - Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania. AD - Sfanta Maria Emergency Children Hospital, 700309 Iasi, Romania. FAU - Tarca, Viorel AU - Tarca V AD - Faculty of Medicine, Apollonia University, 700511 Iasi, Romania. FAU - Pinzariu, Alin Constantin AU - Pinzariu AC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5730-1662 AD - Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania. FAU - Trandafir, Laura Mihaela AU - Trandafir LM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8326-7610 AD - Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania. AD - Sfanta Maria Emergency Children Hospital, 700309 Iasi, Romania. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260414 PL - Switzerland TA - Diagnostics (Basel) JT - Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101658402 PMC - PMC13115053 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescent OT - cardiometabolic risk OT - child OT - digital health OT - obesity OT - physical activity OT - sedentary behavior OT - wearable devices COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/04 06:32 MHDA- 2026/05/04 06:33 PMCR- 2026/04/14 CRDT- 2026/05/04 01:08 PHST- 2026/03/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/04 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/04 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/04 01:08 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - diagnostics16081162 [pii] AID - diagnostics-16-01162 [pii] AID - 10.3390/diagnostics16081162 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Diagnostics (Basel). 2026 Apr 14;16(8):1162. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics16081162. PMID- 42071193 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260622 LR - 20260813 IS - 1471-2393 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2393 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 4 TI - Assessment of albumin-related inflammatory indices in preeclampsia and their relationship with composite adverse perinatal outcomes. LID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09208-9 [doi] LID - 670 AB - BACKGROUND: Preeclampsia is characterized by systemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and multi-organ involvement, contributing to increased risk of adverse perinatal outcomes. Albumin-based inflammatory and nutritional indices have recently gained interest as easily accessible biomarkers in high-risk pregnancies. This study aimed to compare albumin-related indices between preeclamptic and normotensive pregnancies and to evaluate their predictive value for composite adverse perinatal outcomes (CAPO) in preeclampsia. METHODS: This retrospective case-control study included 186 preeclamptic patients and 186 healthy controls matched for maternal age, BMI, gravidity, and gestational age. Laboratory parameters measured at delivery and calculated indices (NAR, FAR, sACR, HALP, and BAR) were compared. The preeclampsia cohort was further classified into CAPO (+) and CAPO (-) groups. Logistic regression models were used to identify independent predictors of CAPO, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis assessed predictive performance. RESULTS: Albumin-based indices differed significantly between preeclamptic and healthy pregnancies, with higher NAR, FAR, and BAR values and lower sACR levels in the preeclampsia group (all p < 0.001). Among preeclamptic patients, CAPO developed in 44.1% (n = 82). CAPO (+) patients demonstrated higher NAR, BAR, and HALP values and lower sACR levels compared to CAPO (-) patients. In multivariable logistic regression, only the blood urea nitrogen-to-albumin ratio (BAR) remained independently associated with CAPO (aOR = 1.157, p = 0.015). BAR demonstrated moderate discriminative performance for CAPO (AUC = 0.718; cut-off > 0.61; sensitivity 67.1%; specificity 69.2%; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: All albumin-based indices showed significant alterations in preeclampsia; however, only BAR independently predicted adverse perinatal outcomes. BAR is a simple, inexpensive biomarker derived from routine laboratory parameters and may support risk stratification and neonatal outcome prediction in preeclamptic pregnancies. Prospective multicenter studies are warranted to validate its clinical applicability. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Kindan, Aykut AU - Kindan A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0962-1036 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nurdagi State Hospital, Gaziantep, Turkey. aykutkindan33@hotmail.com. FAU - Kindan, Goncagul AU - Kindan G AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-7547-4695 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ataturk Sanatoryum Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Kurt, Dilara Sarikaya AU - Kurt DS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1492-0305 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mudanya State Hospital, Bursa, Turkey. FAU - Cakir, Ayberk AU - Cakir A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5749-4556 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Acibadem University Atakent Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Akbulut, Ozgur Volkan AU - Akbulut OV AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1960-2146 AD - Department of Perinatology, Etlik City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Celen, Sevki AU - Celen S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7033-3474 AD - Department of Perinatology, Etlik City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260504 PL - England TA - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth JT - BMC pregnancy and childbirth JID - 100967799 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Serum Albumin) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *Pre-Eclampsia/blood MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Adult MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Serum Albumin/analysis/metabolism MH - ROC Curve MH - Pregnancy Outcome MH - Logistic Models MH - *Inflammation/blood MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - Infant, Newborn PMC - PMC13285206 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Albumin-based inflammatory indices OT - Blood urea nitrogen-to-albumin ratio (BAR) OT - Composite adverse perinatal outcome OT - Neonatal outcomes OT - Preeclampsia COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study protocol was approved by the Ankara Etlik City Hospital Ethics Committee No. 2 (approval number: AESH-BADEK2-2025-459), and written informed consent was obtained from all participants. The study adhered to the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Consent for publication: Not applicable. This study does not contain any individual person's data in any form (including any individual details, images, or videos) that would require consent for publication. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/04 00:31 MHDA- 2026/06/22 18:58 PMCR- 2026/05/04 CRDT- 2026/05/03 23:54 PHST- 2025/11/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/22 18:58 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/04 00:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/03 23:54 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09208-9 [pii] AID - 9208 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09208-9 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2026 May 4;26(1):670. doi: 10.1186/s12884-026-09208-9. PMID- 42070968 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260610 LR - 20260610 IS - 2191-0251 (Electronic) IS - 0334-018X (Linking) VI - 39 IP - 5 DP - 2026 May 26 TI - Automatic bone age assessment for adult height prediction in children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia. PG - 464-471 LID - 10.1515/jpem-2026-0101 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical accuracy of automated BoneXpert (BX) vs. clinician-based Greulich-Pyle (GP) bone age (BA) assessments by comparing their respective predicted adult heights (PAH) with near-final height (NFH) in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). METHODS: Forty-seven patients with classic salt-wasting CAH diagnosed in the neonatal period who had reached NFH were included. Left hand-wrist radiographs obtained during the prepubertal period (6-9 years) were evaluated manually by two clinicians using the GP atlas and by the BX-GP method. PAH was calculated for both sexes using the Bayley-Pinneau (BP) method based on clinician- and BX-derived BA. PAH standard deviation scores (SDS) were compared with NFH-SDS and target height (TH)-SDS. Agreement was assessed using Bland-Altman analysis. RESULTS: Thirty patients (63.8 %) were female. Mean ages at bone age assessment and NFH were 7.3 and 16.1 years, respectively. Mean prepubertal height-SDS was 0.0 in girls and -0.25 in boys, while NFH-SDS was -0.79 and -1.14, respectively. Mean bone age according to clinician-GP was 7.80 years in girls and 8.16 in boys, and 7.69 and 8.14 years according to BX-GP. Clinician-based PAH-SDS was -1.0 in girls and -1.18 in boys, whereas BX-based PAH-SDS was -0.86 and -1.17, respectively. BX-based PAH was closer to NFH in girls (p<0.001), with no significant difference in boys. In both sexes, PAH-SDS and NFH-SDS were significantly lower than TH-SDS (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: PAH calculations using the BP method based on BX-derived GP bone age readings more accurately predicted NFH in patients with CAH. CI - (c) 2026 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston. FAU - Cetin, Kursat AU - Cetin K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9022-4010 AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Akdeniz University Hospital, Antalya, Turkiye. FAU - Cetiner, Ebru Barsal AU - Cetiner EB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1888-919X AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Akdeniz University Hospital, Antalya, Turkiye. FAU - Bahar, Yasemin Funda AU - Bahar YF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9022-5294 AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Akdeniz University Hospital, Antalya, Turkiye. FAU - Tirtar, Ali AU - Tirtar A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-9924-9775 AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Akdeniz University Hospital, Antalya, Turkiye. FAU - Parlak, Mesut AU - Parlak M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3550-1425 AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Akdeniz University Hospital, Antalya, Turkiye. FAU - Tuhan, Hale AU - Tuhan H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7637-9630 AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Akdeniz University Hospital, Antalya, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260505 PL - Germany TA - J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab JT - Journal of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism : JPEM JID - 9508900 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital/physiopathology MH - Male MH - Female MH - Child MH - *Body Height MH - *Age Determination by Skeleton/methods MH - Adolescent MH - Prognosis MH - Follow-Up Studies OTO - NOTNLM OT - BoneXpert OT - bone age OT - congenital adrenal hyperplasia OT - near final height OT - predicted adult height EDAT- 2026/05/04 00:31 MHDA- 2026/06/11 05:43 CRDT- 2026/05/03 22:02 PHST- 2026/02/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/11 05:43 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/04 00:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/03 22:02 [entrez] AID - jpem-2026-0101 [pii] AID - 10.1515/jpem-2026-0101 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2026 May 5;39(5):464-471. doi: 10.1515/jpem-2026-0101. Print 2026 May 26. PMID- 42069593 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260622 LR - 20260813 IS - 1475-9276 (Electronic) IS - 1475-9276 (Linking) VI - 25 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 2 TI - Experiences of discrimination, paternal support, and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) in the MIEHR study, Houston, Texas. LID - 10.1186/s12939-026-02864-5 [doi] LID - 154 AB - BACKGROUND: Discrimination is a psychosocial stressor that, through activation of stress-response pathways, may influence risk of adverse perinatal health outcomes. However, few studies have evaluated the association between discrimination and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), and none have explored effect modification by race or paternal support, which may buffer the adverse effects of discrimination. METHODS: We included 1,847 non-Hispanic Black and White participants from the Maternal and Infant Environmental Health Riskscape (MIEHR) study. Krieger's validated Experiences of Discrimination (EOD) scale was used to assess occurrence (yes/no) and frequency (once, 2-3, >/= 4 times) of discrimination in nine situations. We created continuous scores representing total situations and frequency and also categorized (0, 1-2, >/= 3) the situations score. Using electronic health records, we identified participants with HDP (hypertension in pregnancy, preeclampsia, eclampsia, and hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count (HELLP) syndrome). We applied log-binomial regression to evaluate associations between experiences of discrimination and HDP, adjusted for maternal age, pre-pregnancy body mass index, income, and race. Analyses were stratified by race and self-reported paternal support (none/a little vs. good/excellent) as potential effect modifiers; due to small numbers, the situation score was dichotomized (0, >/= 1) for these analyses. RESULTS: HDP occurred in 37.5% (n = 430) of Black and 26.0% (n = 182) of White participants. Compared with participants reporting no discrimination, the adjusted risk ratio (aRR) was 1.13 (95% CI: 0.96, 1.33) and 1.11 (95% CI: 0.94, 1.30) for those reporting discrimination in 1-2 and >/= 3 situations, respectively. By setting, the strongest associations were observed for discrimination in getting a job (aRR: 1.22; 95% CI: 1.14, 1.43), by police (aRR: 1.21; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.44), and getting medical care (aRR: 1.17; 95% CI: 0.94, 1.44). Stratified analyses revealed the strongest associations between experiencing discrimination and HDP among Black participants and those with lower perceptions of paternal support. CONCLUSIONS: We found associations between discrimination and HDP among Black participants, who bear the greatest burden of HDP, as well as a potential buffering effect of paternal support. Future research is needed to investigate associations between discrimination and HDP and evaluate whether enhancing paternal support can mitigate the impact of discrimination on HDP risk. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Alinia, Tahereh AU - Alinia T AD - Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. FAU - Symanski, Elaine AU - Symanski E AD - Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. AD - Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. FAU - Alvarez, Juan Manuel AU - Alvarez JM AD - Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. FAU - Whitworth, Kristina Walker AU - Whitworth KW AD - Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. kristina.whitworth@bcm.edu. AD - Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. kristina.whitworth@bcm.edu. LA - eng GR - P50 MD015496/MD/NIMHD NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260502 PL - England TA - Int J Equity Health JT - International journal for equity in health JID - 101147692 SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Pregnancy MH - Black or African American/psychology MH - *Fathers/psychology MH - *Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced/epidemiology/ethnology/psychology MH - *Racism MH - Texas/epidemiology MH - White/psychology PMC - PMC13285525 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Discrimination OT - Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy OT - Paternal support OT - Race COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Boards at Baylor College of Medicine and The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston. Informed consent was obtained from all participants in this study. The research was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Belmont Report and the Declaration of Helsinki. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/03 05:27 MHDA- 2026/06/22 18:58 PMCR- 2026/05/02 CRDT- 2026/05/02 23:15 PHST- 2025/08/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/22 18:58 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/03 05:27 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/02 23:15 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12939-026-02864-5 [pii] AID - 2864 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12939-026-02864-5 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Equity Health. 2026 May 2;25(1):154. doi: 10.1186/s12939-026-02864-5. PMID- 42069557 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260619 LR - 20260813 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 2 TI - The study protocol of the ePro-Schools project: an eHealth program for promoting physical activity and healthy nutrition in schools. LID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27587-8 [doi] LID - 1922 AB - BACKGROUND: Early adolescence is key for adopting healthier lifestyles, yet disadvantaged communities often lack resources to support these changes, perpetuating health inequities. Schools play a crucial role in promoting physical activity and healthy eating. eHealth solutions, like online platforms, offer scalable, cost-effective ways to deliver interventions. These platforms can also enhance adolescent engagement and help bridge health resource gaps. The ePro-Schools project aims to co-design and test an eHealth platform to promote healthy habits among adolescents in socially disadvantaged settings. METHODS: A randomized controlled trial (RCT) will be carried out with the participation of 6 secondary schools (three controls and three intervention), with a sample size estimated at 1000 students of Central Catalonia (Spain). In the intervention schools, focus groups sessions and meetings with stakeholders have been conducted to co-create the ePro-Schools eHealth platform. Students and school staff are pilot testing the platform to assess the platform's usability, functionality, and layout. Finally, the RCT will be conducted, in which the intervention group will have full access to the ePro-Schools platform (an interactive and informative platform), while the control group will only have access to the informative platform with health literacy content on physical activity, nutrition, and healthy habits. In both groups, adolescents will complete validated questionnaires at baseline, post-intervention, and at the six-month follow-up to assess their physical activity and eating habits, including depressive symptoms, quality of life, social isolation, and mental health. Sociodemographic characteristics will also be collected. Implementation, effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness analysis will be performed. DISCUSSION: The ePro-Schools project introduces a co-designed eHealth platform that integrates physical activity and healthy eating promotion within schools. The intervention aims to enhance adoption, relevance, and sustainability across diverse settings. ePro-Schools project could reduce health inequalities, improve adolescents' physical and mental well-being, and strengthen daily health habits. The model's scalability and embedded implementation planning may support long-term integration into school systems, informing future policies and contributing to educational engagement, reduced disease risk, and broader population health impact. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This trial is registered in ClinicalTrials.gov, with the registration number NCT06792461. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Mas, Eugeni AU - Mas E AD - Unitat de Suport a La Recerca de La Catalunya Central, Institut Universitari Per a La Recerca a L'Atencio Primaria de Salut Jordi Gol I Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Manresa, Spain. FAU - Moreno-Martinez, Marina AU - Moreno-Martinez M AD - Unitat de Recerca I Innovacio, Gerencia d'Atencio Primaria I a La Comunitat de La Catalunya Central, Institut Catala de La Salut, Soler I March Street, 6, 5th floor, 08242, Barcelona, Manresa, Spain. mmorenom.cc.ics@gencat.cat. AD - Intelligence for Primary Care Research Group, Fundacio Institut Universitari Per a La Recerca a L'Atencio Primaria de Salut Jordi Gol I Gurina, Manresa, Spain. mmorenom.cc.ics@gencat.cat. FAU - Gascon, Mireia AU - Gascon M AD - Unitat de Suport a La Recerca de La Catalunya Central, Institut Universitari Per a La Recerca a L'Atencio Primaria de Salut Jordi Gol I Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Manresa, Spain. FAU - Espelt, Albert AU - Espelt A AD - Consorcio Centro Investigacion Biomedica en RED (CIBER)-SAM and Impact and Prevention of Mental Disorders, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Pryss, Rudiger AU - Pryss R AD - Institute of Medical Data Science, University Hospital Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany. AD - Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany. FAU - van der Waerden, Judith AU - van der Waerden J AD - Sorbonne Universite, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidemiologie Et de Sante Publique (IPLESP), Epidemiologie Sociale, Sante Mentale Et Addictions (ESSMA), Paris, France. FAU - Pilato, Jade AU - Pilato J AD - Sorbonne Universite, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidemiologie Et de Sante Publique (IPLESP), Epidemiologie Sociale, Sante Mentale Et Addictions (ESSMA), Paris, France. FAU - Agostinis-Sobrinho, Cesar AU - Agostinis-Sobrinho C AD - Health Research and Innovation Science Centre, Klaipeda University, Klaipeda, Lithuania. FAU - Stevens, Gonneke AU - Stevens G AD - Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science (UU), Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands. FAU - Gobina, Inese AU - Gobina I AD - Insitute of Public Health, Rigas Stradins Universitaty (RSU), Riga, Latvia. FAU - Kraft, Robin AU - Kraft R AD - Institute of Medical Data Science, University Hospital Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany. AD - Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany. FAU - Vogel, Carsten AU - Vogel C AD - Institute of Medical Data Science, University Hospital Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany. AD - Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany. FAU - Stach, Michael AU - Stach M AD - Institute of Medical Data Science, University Hospital Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany. AD - Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany. FAU - Koehler, Karsten AU - Koehler K AD - Department of Health and Sport Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany. FAU - Perez-Anton, Mariona AU - Perez-Anton M AD - Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Impact and Prevention of Mental Disorders Research Group, Sant Joan de Deu Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Sanguesa, Julia AU - Sanguesa J AD - Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Impact and Prevention of Mental Disorders Research Group, Sant Joan de Deu Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Melo, Geiziane AU - Melo G AD - Health Research and Innovation Science Centre, Klaipeda University, Klaipeda, Lithuania. FAU - Espirito Santo, Rafaela C AU - Espirito Santo RC AD - Health Research and Innovation Science Centre, Klaipeda University, Klaipeda, Lithuania. FAU - Haro, Josep Maria AU - Haro JM AD - Consorcio Centro Investigacion Biomedica en RED (CIBER)-SAM and Impact and Prevention of Mental Disorders, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Impact and Prevention of Mental Disorders Research Group, Sant Joan de Deu Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Bosque-Prous, Marina AU - Bosque-Prous M AD - Research Group in Epidemiology and Public Health in the Digital Health Context (Epi4health), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Department of Psychobiology and Methodology in Health Sciences, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain. AD - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain. FAU - Aguilar-Martinez, Alicia AU - Aguilar-Martinez A AD - Research Group in Epidemiology and Public Health in the Digital Health Context (Epi4health), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Esquius, Laura AU - Esquius L AD - Research Group in Epidemiology and Public Health in the Digital Health Context (Epi4health), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Massip-Salcedo, Marta AU - Massip-Salcedo M AD - Research Group in Epidemiology and Public Health in the Digital Health Context (Epi4health), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Barcelona Beta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. FAU - Chiva-Blanch, Gemma AU - Chiva-Blanch G AD - NUTRALiSS Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC), Barcelona, Spain. AD - Biomedical Network Research Centre On Obesity and Nutrition Physiopathology (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Vidal-Alaball, Josep AU - Vidal-Alaball J AD - Unitat de Suport a La Recerca de La Catalunya Central, Institut Universitari Per a La Recerca a L'Atencio Primaria de Salut Jordi Gol I Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Manresa, Spain. AD - Unitat de Recerca I Innovacio, Gerencia d'Atencio Primaria I a La Comunitat de La Catalunya Central, Institut Catala de La Salut, Soler I March Street, 6, 5th floor, 08242, Barcelona, Manresa, Spain. AD - Intelligence for Primary Care Research Group, Fundacio Institut Universitari Per a La Recerca a L'Atencio Primaria de Salut Jordi Gol I Gurina, Manresa, Spain. AD - Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic-Central, University of Catalonia, Vic, Spain. FAU - Lima, Rodrigo AU - Lima R AD - Consorcio Centro Investigacion Biomedica en RED (CIBER)-SAM and Impact and Prevention of Mental Disorders, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Impact and Prevention of Mental Disorders Research Group, Sant Joan de Deu Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT06792461 GR - GA N degrees 101095426/Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISC-III) under the umbrella of the Partnership Fostering a European Research Area for Health (ERA4Health)/ PT - Clinical Trial Protocol PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260502 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Diet, Healthy MH - *Exercise MH - Focus Groups MH - *Health Promotion/methods/organization & administration MH - *School Health Services/organization & administration MH - Schools MH - Spain MH - *Telemedicine MH - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic PMC - PMC13281623 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescents OT - EHealth OT - Health policies OT - Nutrition OT - Physical activity OT - Randomized controlled trial COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was approved by the IDIAP Jordi Gol clinical research ethics committee with registration code 24/099-P. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/03 05:27 MHDA- 2026/06/19 06:32 PMCR- 2026/05/02 CRDT- 2026/05/02 23:14 PHST- 2026/01/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/19 06:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/03 05:27 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/02 23:14 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27587-8 [pii] AID - 27587 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27587-8 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2026 May 2;26(1):1922. doi: 10.1186/s12889-026-27587-8. PMID- 42068652 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260813 IS - 1879-1379 (Electronic) IS - 0022-3956 (Print) IS - 0022-3956 (Linking) VI - 199 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Urinary pesticide biomarker associations with depression and anxiety scores from adolescence into young adulthood in the ESPINA cohort. PG - 175-188 LID - S0022-3956(26)00234-7 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.04.023 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Growing evidence suggests pesticide exposure can affect emotional well-being; limited research exists across adolescence and young adulthood. We examined cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of pesticide biomarkers with anxiety and depression scores. METHODS: We analyzed 646 participants from Ecuadorian agricultural communities: 510 in 2016 (ages 11-17y) and 485 in 2022 (17-24y). Twelve urinary insecticide metabolites were measured. Validated questionnaires assessed depression and anxiety. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) estimated associations for continuous scores and logit GEE calculated odds ratios (OR) of elevated symptoms, adjusting for demographic and anthropometric variables. RESULTS: In 2016, an interquartile range higher overall pesticides summed (beta = 1.01 95%CI:[0.48, 1.53]), organophosphates summed (beta = 0.99 [0.47, 1.51]), 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy; beta = 0.97 [0.49, 1.45]), pyrethroids summed (beta = 0.69 [0.11, 1.27]) and 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (beta = 0.31 [0.01, 0.61]) were positively associated with depression. Detectable 5-hydroxy imidacloprid (OHIM) doubled elevated depression odds. In 2022, higher sulfoxaflor isomers were protective, but higher clothianidin increased elevated depression odds. Longitudinally, depression was positively associated with overall pesticides summed (beta = 0.06 [0.02, 0.11]), organophosphates summed (beta = 0.05 [0.001, 0.10]), TCPy (beta = 0.06 [0.02, 0.10]), pyrethroids summed and trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxylic acid (trans-DCCA; beta = 0.01 [0.003, 0.02]). For anxiety, in 2016 detectable trans-DCCA (OR = 2.52 [1.52, 4.16]) was associated with elevated symptoms. In 2022, higher clothianidin increased elevated anxiety odds (OR = 1.44 [1.07, 1.93]). Longitudinally, trans-DCCA (OR = 1.39 [1.03, 1.87]) and OHIM (OR = 1.44 [1.02, 2.04]) increased elevated anxiety odds. CONCLUSIONS: Organophosphates, pyrethroids, and neonicotinoids were generally linked to higher depression and anxiety, while sulfoximines and one organophosphate appeared protective. OHIM and trans-DCCA showed consistent adverse associations across years. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Chronister, Briana N C AU - Chronister BNC AD - Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA; School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA. FAU - Hussari, Mohammed N AU - Hussari MN AD - School of Medicine, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Lopez-Paredes, Dolores AU - Lopez-Paredes D AD - Fundacion Cimas del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador. FAU - Checkoway, Harvey AU - Checkoway H AD - Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA. FAU - Suarez-Torres, Jose AU - Suarez-Torres J AD - Fundacion Cimas del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador. FAU - Gahagan, Sheila AU - Gahagan S AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA. FAU - Bradman, Asa AU - Bradman A AD - Department of Public Health, School of Social Sciences, Humanities, and Arts, University of California, Merced, CA, USA. FAU - Martinez, Danilo AU - Martinez D AD - Fundacion Cimas del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador. FAU - Hong, Suzi AU - Hong S AD - Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA. FAU - Moore, Raeanne C AU - Moore RC AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA. FAU - Suarez-Lopez, Jose R AU - Suarez-Lopez JR AD - Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA. Electronic address: jrsuarez@health.ucsd.edu. LA - eng GR - U2C ES026560/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States GR - R21 ES026084/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 ES025792/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 MH122376/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 ES030378/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural DEP - 20260423 PL - England TA - J Psychiatr Res JT - Journal of psychiatric research JID - 0376331 RN - 0 (Pesticides) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Organophosphates) RN - 0 (Pyridones) RN - 0 (Pyrethrins) RN - 6515-38-4 (3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol) SB - IM UOF - medRxiv. 2025 Dec 12:2025.12.10.25341988. doi: 10.64898/2025.12.10.25341988. PMID: 41415499 MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - *Depression/epidemiology/chemically induced/urine MH - *Anxiety/epidemiology/chemically induced/urine MH - *Pesticides/urine MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Young Adult MH - Ecuador/epidemiology MH - Biomarkers/urine MH - Child MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Organophosphates/urine MH - Pyridones/urine MH - Pyrethrins/urine MH - Cohort Studies PMC - PMC13286626 MID - NIHMS2173723 COIS- Declaration of competing interest RCM is a co-founder, has equity interest, is a consultant and receives compensation from NeuroUX, a company that develops mobile cognitive tests. The terms of this arrangement have been reviewed and approved by UC San Diego in accordance with its conflict of interest policies. All other authors report having no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/03 05:27 MHDA- 2026/05/24 04:38 PMCR- 2026/06/22 CRDT- 2026/05/02 18:02 PHST- 2025/12/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/24 04:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/03 05:27 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/02 18:02 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0022-3956(26)00234-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.04.023 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Psychiatr Res. 2026 Aug;199:175-188. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.04.023. Epub 2026 Apr 23. PMID- 42068470 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260914 IS - 1559-0100 (Electronic) IS - 1355-008X (Print) IS - 1355-008X (Linking) VI - 91 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 2 TI - Developmental stages and exercise timing in relation to fear of hypoglycemia and quality of life in type 1 diabetes. LID - 10.1007/s12020-026-04632-5 [doi] LID - 162 AB - PURPOSE: To examine associations between physical activity (PA) characteristics and psychosocial outcomes - quality of life (QoL) and fear of hypoglycemia (FH) - in children, adolescents, and young adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D). METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 100 insulin pump-treated outpatients T1D completed 7-day PA logs capturing timing, type, intensity, and volume. QoL and FH were assessed using age-appropriate validated instruments. General linear models evaluated associations between PA characteristics and psychosocial outcomes, accounting for age group and, in sensitivity analyses, sex and HbA1c. RESULTS: In pooled analyses (N = 82 complete cases), age group was significantly associated with both QoL (p = 0.037) and FH (p < 0.001), with a large effect size observed for FH. In sensitivity analyses adjusting for sex and HbA1c, the age-group effect on FH remained robust, whereas associations with QoL were attenuated. Exercise timing was associated with FH (p = 0.047), with higher adjusted FH scores observed among individuals reporting evening exercise. However, pairwise comparisons were not significant after correction. No significant AgeGroupxTiming interactions were detected. Preferred exercise type and intensity were not independently associated with psychosocial outcomes. In sensitivity analyses adjusted for sex and HbA1c (N = 62), the age-group effect on FH remained robust, whereas timing showed borderline significance. CONCLUSION: Developmental stage appears to be a major determinant of fear of hypoglycemia in youths with T1D. Exercise timing may contribute modestly to perceived hypoglycemia risk, particularly for evening activity, although findings were attenuated after adjustment. These cross-sectional associations highlight the importance of developmentally tailored exercise counselling, while longitudinal studies are needed to clarify directionality. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Codella, Roberto AU - Codella R AD - Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, 20138, Italy. roberto.codella@unimi.it. AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milan, 20133, Italy. roberto.codella@unimi.it. FAU - Bisio, Ambra AU - Bisio A AD - Centro Polifunzionale di Scienze Motorie, University of Genoa, Genoa, 16132, Italy. AD - Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology, University of Genoa, Genoa, 16132, Italy. FAU - Gotti, Daniel AU - Gotti D AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milan, 20133, Italy. FAU - Bassi, Marta AU - Bassi M AD - Pediatric Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy. FAU - Minuto, Nicola AU - Minuto N AD - Pediatric Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy. FAU - Ruggeri, Piero AU - Ruggeri P AD - Centro Polifunzionale di Scienze Motorie, University of Genoa, Genoa, 16132, Italy. AD - Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology, University of Genoa, Genoa, 16132, Italy. FAU - Luzi, Livio AU - Luzi L AD - Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, 20138, Italy. AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milan, 20133, Italy. FAU - Maggi, Davide AU - Maggi D AD - IRCCS San Martino, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy. FAU - Faelli, Emanuela AU - Faelli E AD - Centro Polifunzionale di Scienze Motorie, University of Genoa, Genoa, 16132, Italy. AD - Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology, University of Genoa, Genoa, 16132, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260502 PL - United States TA - Endocrine JT - Endocrine JID - 9434444 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/psychology/drug therapy/blood MH - *Hypoglycemia/psychology MH - *Quality of Life/psychology MH - Female MH - *Fear/psychology MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Exercise/psychology/physiology MH - Child MH - Young Adult MH - Adult PMC - PMC13135517 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Type 1 diabetes OT - exercise timing OT - fear of hypoglycemia OT - pediatric endocrinology OT - physical activity OT - quality of life COIS- Declarations. Consent to participate: Written informed consent was obtained from all participants or their legal guardians. Study approval: This study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of the University of Genoa, Italy, approval number 23/2023. Conflict of interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/03 05:22 MHDA- 2026/05/03 05:23 PMCR- 2026/05/02 CRDT- 2026/05/02 11:07 PHST- 2026/01/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/03 05:23 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/03 05:22 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/02 11:07 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s12020-026-04632-5 [pii] AID - 4632 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s12020-026-04632-5 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Endocrine. 2026 May 2;91(1):162. doi: 10.1007/s12020-026-04632-5. PMID- 42068456 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260502 IS - 1573-2606 (Electronic) IS - 1389-9155 (Linking) DP - 2026 May 2 TI - Harnessing food cue evoked neuroimaging towards treatment optimisation for obesity and binge eating disorder. LID - 10.1007/s11154-026-10045-6 [doi] AB - Obesity and binge eating disorder (BED) are global health concerns that share overlapping neural mechanisms. These include alterations in the brain's reward and control systems leading to heightened sensitivity to food cues and impaired self-regulation, which underpin overeating. Identifying neuroimaging-based biomarkers that index these mechanisms could advance individualised treatments. This scoping review examined evidence on fMRI food cue reactivity as a potential approach for developing predictive and response biomarkers relevant to the treatment of obesity and BED. A systematic search of MEDLINE, Scopus, PsycINFO, and Embase (to July 2025) identified 57 eligible studies incorporating fMRI cue reactivity measures in the context of pharmacological, surgical, psychological, and lifestyle interventions. Of these, 7 reported predictive outcomes only (6 for adults with obesity and 1 for children and adolescents with obesity), 41 reported response outcomes only (36 for adults with obesity, 3 for children and adolescents with obesity and 2 for adults with binge eating), and 9 reported both predictive and response outcomes (8 for adults with obesity and 1 for adults with binge eating). Across paradigms and intervention modalities, there was consistent involvement of reward (striatum, insula, orbitofrontal and ventromedial prefrontal cortex) and cognitive control regions (dorsolateral and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex) as response outcomes from successful treatment. Reductions in reward-system reactivity following interventions were consistently associated with improved clinical outcomes, supporting the potential of fMRI food cue reactivity as a candidate biomarker of treatment response. However, this finding is highly skewed towards obesity, given the limited number of studies that report results for BED (3 studies). Furthermore, consistent evidence for reliable predictive biomarkers was also limited, likely due to methodological variability and small sample sizes. Overall, this review supports the potential of response outcomes from fMRI food cue reactivity as an indicator of treatment efficacy in obesity and highlights the limited evidence in BED. We also emphasise the need for further standardisation of paradigms and biomarker validation efforts. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Flanagan, Kayla AU - Flanagan K AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-2971-5397 AD - Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 18 Innovation Walk, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia. FAU - Pacheco, Luiza Bonfim AU - Pacheco LB AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-9481-8198 AD - Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 18 Innovation Walk, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia. FAU - Gao, Mengxia AU - Gao M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3393-5497 AD - Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 18 Innovation Walk, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia. AD - School of Humanities and Social Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CUHK-Shenzhen), Guangdong, 518172, People's Republic of China. FAU - Verdejo-Garcia, Antonio AU - Verdejo-Garcia A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8874-9339 AD - Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 18 Innovation Walk, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia. Antonio.Verdejo@monash.edu. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260502 PL - Germany TA - Rev Endocr Metab Disord JT - Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders JID - 100940588 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Binge eating OT - Obesity OT - Predictive biomarkers OT - Response biomarkers OT - fMRI food cue reactivity COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/03 05:24 MHDA- 2026/05/03 05:24 CRDT- 2026/05/02 11:06 PHST- 2025/10/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/03 05:24 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/03 05:24 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/02 11:06 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s11154-026-10045-6 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s11154-026-10045-6 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Rev Endocr Metab Disord. 2026 May 2. doi: 10.1007/s11154-026-10045-6. PMID- 42068285 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261022 IS - 2047-945X (Electronic) IS - 0260-1060 (Print) IS - 0260-1060 (Linking) DP - 2026 May 2 TI - Nutrition security, diet quality, and food assistance program use among food insecure households with children: A cross-sectional analysis. PG - 2601060261445338 LID - 10.1177/02601060261445338 [doi] AB - BackgroundWhile food insecurity (FI) assesses household access to sufficient food, increasing attention is being paid to nutrition security (NS), the ability to obtain health-promoting foods.AimThis cross-sectional analysis examined differences in sociodemographics, diet quality, and health status between food insecure families with low versus high NS and assessed if FI and NS severity was associated with food assistance program use.MethodsData were obtained from the 2023 Massachusetts Statewide Food Access Survey of >3000 adults. FI was assessed using the United States Department of Agriculture 18-item Household Food Security Module, NS via a validated four-item scale, and diet quality via the Prime Diet Quality Score (PDQS). FI and NS were analyzed as binary and continuous variables. Inferential statistics assessed group differences. Logistic regression assessed associations between the severity of FI and NS and food assistance program use.SummaryHouseholds with FI, >/=1 child ( 18 years old) presented lower scores (unstandardized beta coefficient [B] = -1.59; p = 0.006), as did those enrolled in non-health science degrees (B = -1.47; p = 0.005), single students (B =-1.40; p = 0.013), and those with a mental disorder (B = -2.79; p = 0.001). Heterosexual students scored higher than non-heterosexual peers (B = 2.49; p = 0.007), and students with normal weight showed better results than underweight participants (B = 2.08; p = 0.020). Domain-specific analyses revealed that males scored higher in physical activity, sleep, and social support, whereas females performed better in stress management. Students residing outside university accommodation generally achieved higher domain scores. CONCLUSIONS: These exploratory findings suggest that lifestyle, as measured by the U-SMILE, is associated with several sociodemographic and health-related characteristics in Spanish university students. Lower scores were associated with older age, enrolment in non-health science degrees, underweight status, non-heterosexual orientation, single marital status, and the presence of a diagnosed mental disorder. Sex, BMI status, accommodation, and employment status were associated with specific lifestyle domains. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Mendoza-Munoz, Maria AU - Mendoza-Munoz M AD - Department of Education and Sport, Universidad Loyola Andalucia, Sevilla, Spain. FAU - Manzano-Carrasco, Samuel AU - Manzano-Carrasco S AD - Department of Education and Sport, Universidad Loyola Andalucia, Sevilla, Spain. FAU - Montenegro-Espinosa, Jose Adrian AU - Montenegro-Espinosa JA AD - Universidad Autonoma del Paraguay, Asuncion, Paraguay. FAU - Quiroz-Cardenas, Fiorella AU - Quiroz-Cardenas F AD - Universidad Politecnica y Artistica del Paraguay, Asuncion, Paraguay. FAU - Yanez-Sepulveda, Rodrigo AU - Yanez-Sepulveda R AD - Faculty Education and Social Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Vina del Mar, Chile. AD - Department of Sport Sciences, Fit Generation Research Institute, Andorra la Vella, Andorra. FAU - Olivares-Arancibia, Jorge AU - Olivares-Arancibia J AD - AFySE Group, Research in Physical Activity and School Health, School of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Universidad de las Americas, Santiago, Chile. FAU - Yon, Dong Keon AU - Yon DK AD - Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. AD - Department of Precision Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Schuch, Felipe Barreto AU - Schuch FB AD - Psychiatry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. AD - Department of Sports Methods and Techniques, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. AD - Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autonoma de Chile, Providencia, Chile. FAU - Galan-Lopez, Pablo AU - Galan-Lopez P AD - Department of Education and Sport, Universidad Loyola Andalucia, Sevilla, Spain. FAU - Lopez-Gil, Jose Francisco AU - Lopez-Gil JF AD - School of Medicine, Universidad Espiritu Santo, Samborondon, Ecuador. josefranciscolopezgil@gmail.com. AD - Vicerrectoria de Investigacion y Postgrado, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile. josefranciscolopezgil@gmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study DEP - 20260501 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Spain/epidemiology MH - Universities MH - Male MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Students/statistics & numerical data/psychology MH - *Life Style MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Adult MH - *Health Behavior MH - Socioeconomic Factors PMC - PMC13285052 OTO - NOTNLM OT - College students OT - Lifestyle behaviors OT - Nutrition OT - Physical activity OT - Sleep OT - Spain COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study protocol received ethical approval from the Research Ethics Committee of Universidad Loyola Andalucia (Approval ID: 240605/CE24544). The participants provided written consent. All methods procedures were carried out in accordance with Declaration of Helsinki. All participants were informed about the purpose of the study, assured of confidentiality, and provided written consent prior to participation. Participation was voluntary, and respondents could withdraw at any time without consequence. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/02 00:33 MHDA- 2026/06/22 13:44 PMCR- 2026/05/01 CRDT- 2026/05/01 23:26 PHST- 2026/02/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/22 13:44 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/02 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/01 23:26 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27518-7 [pii] AID - 27518 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27518-7 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2026 May 1;26(1):1937. doi: 10.1186/s12889-026-27518-7. PMID- 42067732 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260922 IS - 1931-7565 (Electronic) IS - 1931-7557 (Print) IS - 1931-7557 (Linking) VI - 20 IP - 3 DP - 2026 May 2 TI - Subregional hypothalamic volumes associate with childhood conduct problems in healthy adults. LID - 10.1007/s11682-026-01154-6 [doi] LID - 85 AB - Childhood conduct problems have been linked to alterations in frontolimbic circuits, yet the contribution of hypothalamic subregions remains largely unexplored. This study examined whether hypothalamic morphometry relates to conduct problems in 600 healthy young adults from the Human Connectome Project (206 with and 394 without conduct problems). Volumes of twelve hypothalamic subregions were extracted from structural MRI using the automated FreeSurfer segmentation. Group differences were assessed with linear models, and multivariable associations were tested with logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, and intracranial volume. Influential observations were screened using Cook's distance, and predictor importance was further evaluated through logistic LASSO regression with tenfold cross-validation. Individuals with a history of conduct problems showed larger volumes in anterior and tubular hypothalamic subregions-specifically the left anterior-inferior, left tubular-inferior, and right tubular-superior-while an initial inverse association in the left posterior subregion was no longer significant after excluding influential cases. These findings identify distinct hypothalamic subregions as structural correlates of early behavioral dysregulation and suggest that hypothalamic morphometry may reflect neurodevelopmental adaptations associated with childhood conduct problems. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Pelagi, Assunta AU - Pelagi A AD - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, 88100, Italy. FAU - Camastra, Chiara AU - Camastra C AD - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, 88100, Italy. FAU - Quattrone, Andrea AU - Quattrone A AD - Neuroscience Research Center, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, 88100, Italy. AD - Institute of Neurology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, 88100, Italy. FAU - Sarica, Alessia AU - Sarica A AD - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, 88100, Italy. sarica@unicz.it. AD - Neuroscience Research Center, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, 88100, Italy. sarica@unicz.it. LA - eng GR - U54 MH091657/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260502 PL - United States TA - Brain Imaging Behav JT - Brain imaging and behavior JID - 101300405 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Hypothalamus/diagnostic imaging/pathology MH - Male MH - Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods MH - Young Adult MH - Adult MH - *Conduct Disorder/diagnostic imaging/pathology MH - Organ Size MH - Child MH - Connectome MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13135012 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Childhood conduct problems OT - Conduct disorder OT - Hypothalamus subunits OT - Logistic regression OT - MRI COIS- Ethics approval: This study used de-identified data from the Human Connectome Project; no new data were collected. According to journal policy, analyses of publicly available, de-identified datasets are exempt from institutional review. Use of HCP data complied with the HCP data-use terms. Consent to participate: Not applicable (secondary analysis of de-identified data). Consent for publication: Not applicable (secondary analysis of de-identified data). Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/02 00:33 MHDA- 2026/05/02 00:34 PMCR- 2026/05/02 CRDT- 2026/05/01 23:19 PHST- 2025/10/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/02 00:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/02 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/01 23:19 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s11682-026-01154-6 [pii] AID - 1154 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s11682-026-01154-6 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Brain Imaging Behav. 2026 May 2;20(3):85. doi: 10.1007/s11682-026-01154-6. PMID- 42067530 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260707 LR - 20260813 IS - 2052-4463 (Electronic) IS - 2052-4463 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 1 TI - EED-Astig: A Multimodal Dataset for Pediatric Astigmatism Severity Prediction. LID - 10.1038/s41597-026-07330-z [doi] LID - 993 AB - Astigmatism is a prevalent refractive error in preschool children and a leading cause of preventable early visual impairment. Conventional screening methods are often unsuitable for young children due to high costs, specialized equipment, and the need for active cooperation. To address these challenges, we present EED-Astig, a multimodal pediatric dataset for artificial intelligence based astigmatism severity prediction. The dataset comprises periocular images from 640 children aged 3-6 years, acquired with smartphones under standardized conditions, with expert-verified annotations of corneal masks and anatomical landmarks. From these, we derive six clinically relevant structural parameters, including corneal exposure ratio and eyelash orientation, that are physiologically linked to astigmatism. In addition, behavioral and demographic metadata (e.g., screen time, birth history) provide complementary predictors for supervised learning. A semi-automated annotation pipeline based on the Segment Anything Model (SAM) ensures labeling consistency and quality. Technical validation demonstrates robust performance in keypoint detection and image segmentation, supporting the development of interpretable and scalable AI tools for pediatric eye health, particularly in low-resource settings. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Liu, Haihua AU - Liu H AD - Department of Ophthalmology Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China. FAU - Li, Shengyang AU - Li S AD - Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100094, China. shyli@csu.ac.cn. AD - University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. shyli@csu.ac.cn. FAU - Lv, Yixuan AU - Lv Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9007-3822 AD - Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100094, China. lvyixuan@csu.ac.cn. FAU - Liu, Rongjun AU - Liu R AD - Department of Ophthalmology Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China. FAU - Hou, Xinlin AU - Hou X AD - Department of Ophthalmology Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China. FAU - Chen, Furui AU - Chen F AD - Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100094, China. AD - University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. FAU - Liu, Yuxuan AU - Liu Y AD - Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100094, China. AD - University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. FAU - You, Jianing AU - You J AD - Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100094, China. AD - University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. FAU - Wang, Han AU - Wang H AD - Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100094, China. AD - University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. FAU - Liu, Silei AU - Liu S AD - Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100094, China. AD - University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. LA - eng PT - Dataset PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260501 PL - England TA - Sci Data JT - Scientific data JID - 101640192 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Astigmatism/diagnosis MH - Child, Preschool MH - Child MH - Artificial Intelligence PMC - PMC13338130 COIS- Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/02 00:33 MHDA- 2026/07/07 12:34 PMCR- 2026/05/01 CRDT- 2026/05/01 23:14 PHST- 2025/10/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/07 12:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/02 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/01 23:14 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41597-026-07330-z [pii] AID - 7330 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41597-026-07330-z [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Data. 2026 May 1;13(1):993. doi: 10.1038/s41597-026-07330-z. PMID- 42066905 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260613 LR - 20260813 IS - 1532-429X (Electronic) IS - 1097-6647 (Print) IS - 1097-6647 (Linking) VI - 28 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Summer TI - Fontan conduit cross-sectional area and relationship to exercise performance. PG - 102729 LID - S1097-6647(26)00047-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jocmr.2026.102729 [doi] LID - 102729 AB - BACKGROUND: The synthetic extracardiac (EC) Fontan conduit may become inadequate as patients grow, potentially limiting cardiovascular capacity. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between EC-Fontan conduit cross-sectional area (CSA), indexed to body surface area (BSA), and exercise performance. METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis of data from the Fontan Outcomes Registry using Clinical Examinations (FORCE) registry was performed. Patients with EC-Fontan anatomy who underwent cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) within 1 year of each other were analyzed. Median length-averaged and minimum Fontan CSAs were measured using three-dimensional (3D) segmentation and indexed to BSA. The primary outcome was percent predicted peak VO(2) (ppVO(2)) on maximal effort CPET. Multivariable linear regression models assessed associations between Fontan CSA/BSA and ppVO(2), adjusting for known predictors of ppVO(2) in Fontan patients. RESULTS: Of the 493 patients with an EC Fontan and with time-matched CMR and EST, 324 had technically adequate 3D imaging for Fontan conduit measurements and an appropriately documented maximal effort excercise stress test (EST). CMRs occurred at median age of 15 years old and median time of 11 years after Fontan surgery. The median length-averaged and minimum Fontan CSA were 268 mm(2) (IQR 227-309mm(2)) and 229 mm(2) (IQR 194-273mm(2)), respectively. After adjusting for known predictors of ppVO2 in Fontan patients, both minimum and length-averaged Fontan CSA/BSA were positively associated with ppVO2, such that each mm(2)/m(2) increase in minimum CSA/BSA was associated with a 0.08% increase in ppVO2 (p<0.001) or each mm(2)/m(2) increase length-averaged CSA/BSA was associated with a 0.07% increase in ppVO2 (p<0.001). Fontan CSA/BSA was not significantly associated with cardiac function measures at rest, including ejection fraction and cardiac output. CONCLUSION: Smaller EC-Fontan CSA/BSA is independently associated with reduced exercise capacity after controlling for other known predictors of exercise performance. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - O'Halloran, Conor P AU - O'Halloran CP AD - Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. Electronic address: cohalloran@luriechildrens.org. FAU - Alsaied, Tarek AU - Alsaied T AD - Heart Institute, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. FAU - Wang, Alan P AU - Wang AP AD - Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. FAU - Ward, Kendra AU - Ward K AD - Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. FAU - Laternser, Christina AU - Laternser C AD - Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. FAU - Files, Matthew D AU - Files MD AD - Division of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington. FAU - Mines, Ellen AU - Mines E AD - Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. FAU - Lemley, Bethan A AU - Lemley BA AD - Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. FAU - Husain, Nazia AU - Husain N AD - Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. FAU - Desai, Lajja AU - Desai L AD - Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. FAU - Rathod, Rahul H AU - Rathod RH AD - Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States. FAU - Robinson, Joshua D AU - Robinson JD AD - Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. CN - FORCE Investigators LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260430 PL - England TA - J Cardiovasc Magn Reson JT - Journal of cardiovascular magnetic resonance : official journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance JID - 9815616 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Fontan Procedure/adverse effects/instrumentation MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - *Heart Defects, Congenital/surgery/physiopathology/diagnostic imaging MH - Exercise Test MH - *Exercise Tolerance MH - Adolescent MH - Male MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - Registries MH - Child MH - Treatment Outcome MH - Time Factors MH - Body Surface Area MH - Magnetic Resonance Imaging MH - United States MH - Oxygen Consumption MH - Prosthesis Design MH - Young Adult MH - Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine PMC - PMC13265425 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging OT - Exercise OT - Fontan COIS- Declaration of competing interests Drs. Alsaied, Files, and Rathod have research grant support from Mezzion Pharmaceuticals as PIs of the Fontan Udenafil Exercise Longitudinal Assessment-2 (FUEL-2) Trial (NCT # NCT05918211), Dr. Ward is a site PI for this trial. No other relevant conflicts. FIR - Aggarwal, M IR - Aggarwal M IRAD- Department of Pediatrics, St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO. FIR - Alsaied, T IR - Alsaied T IRAD- The Heart and Vascular Institute, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA. FIR - Dorfman, A L IR - Dorfman AL IRAD- Congenital Heart Center, CS Mott Children's Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI. FIR - Doshi, A IR - Doshi A IRAD- Department of Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology, John Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD. FIR - Files, M D IR - Files MD IRAD- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA. FIR - Fogel, M IR - Fogel M IRAD- Division of Cardiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, PA. FIR - Hegde, S IR - Hegde S IRAD- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA. FIR - Hoyer, A IR - Hoyer A IRAD- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ. FIR - Johnson, T IR - Johnson T IRAD- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, IN. FIR - Krishnamurthy, R IR - Krishnamurthy R IRAD- Department of Radiology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH. FIR - Lam, C Z IR - Lam CZ IRAD- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada. FIR - Loke, Y IR - Loke Y IRAD- Division of Cardiology, Children's National Hospital, Washington DC. FIR - Marsden, A L IR - Marsden AL IRAD- Department of Bioengineering & Pediatrics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA. FIR - Muthurangu, V IR - Muthurangu V IRAD- UCL Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, London, UK. FIR - Olivieri, L J IR - Olivieri LJ IRAD- The Heart and Vascular Institute, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA. FIR - Quail, M IR - Quail M IRAD- UCL Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, London, UK. FIR - Raimondi, F IR - Raimondi F IRAD- Congenital Cardiology Unit, Ospedale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy. FIR - Ramachandran, P IR - Ramachandran P IRAD- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY. FIR - Rathod, R H IR - Rathod RH IRAD- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA. FIR - Renella, P IR - Renella P IRAD- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, CHOC Children's Hospital, Orange, CA. FIR - Renno, M S IR - Renno MS IRAD- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock, AR. FIR - Robinson, J D IR - Robinson JD IRAD- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL. FIR - Ruchira, G IR - Ruchira G IRAD- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Guerin Children's Hospital, Los Angeles, CA. FIR - Shah, A IR - Shah A IRAD- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, New York-Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital, New York, NY. FIR - Slesnick, T C IR - Slesnick TC IRAD- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA. FIR - Soslow, J H IR - Soslow JH IRAD- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN. FIR - Steele, J IR - Steele J IRAD- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Yale New Haven Children's Hospital, New Haven, CT. FIR - Stern, K W IR - Stern KW IRAD- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Mount Sinai Kravis Children's Hospital, New York, NY. FIR - Thattaliyath, B IR - Thattaliyath B IRAD- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Stead Family Children's Hospital, Iowa City, IA. FIR - Vaikom House, A IR - Vaikom House A IRAD- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Oklahoma Children's Hospital, Oklahoma City, OK. FIR - Weigand, J IR - Weigand J IRAD- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX. EDAT- 2026/05/02 00:33 MHDA- 2026/06/15 11:30 PMCR- 2026/04/30 CRDT- 2026/05/01 19:12 PHST- 2025/11/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/15 11:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/02 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/01 19:12 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1097-6647(26)00047-5 [pii] AID - 102729 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jocmr.2026.102729 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2026 Summer;28(1):102729. doi: 10.1016/j.jocmr.2026.102729. Epub 2026 Apr 30. PMID- 42066635 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260716 IS - 1873-1244 (Electronic) IS - 0899-9007 (Linking) VI - 148 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Specific Nutrition Evaluation for Advanced Chronic Liver Disease: Validation through psychometrics analysis. PG - 113211 LID - S0899-9007(26)00119-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.nut.2026.113211 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: Validated instruments specifically designed to assess the nutritional status of individuals with chronic liver disease (CLD) are scarce. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Specific Nutrition Evaluation for Advanced Chronic Liver Disease (SNE-ACLD) instrument and establish cut-off points for the nutritional assessment of individuals with CLD. METHODS: Hospitalized individuals with CLD were evaluated by SNE-ACLD and different nutritional assessment tools. Initial evidence of structural construct validity was assessed using principal component analysis; reliability using Cronbach's alpha; cut-off points were determined using cluster analysis. Criterion validity, in which the appendicular muscle mass index was adopted as a reference for concurrent validity using ROC curve; and Cox regression to assess the one-year mortality risk for predictive validity. RESULTS: Two hundred participants were evaluated, of which 75.0% were male, 50.5% were elderly, and 80.8% were classified as Child-Pugh B or C. Principal component analysis demonstrated that SNE-ACLD has four components that explain 69.9% of the total variance of the construct. Cronbach's alpha of 0.70 indicated a good interrelationship between the items. The established cut-off points classified the participants into four groups: without malnutrition, mild, moderate, or severe malnutrition. The SNE-ACLD showed concurrent validity with an AUC of 0.714 and predictive validity, with severely malnourished participants presenting one-year mortality risk almost five times higher (HR = 4.98; 95% CI: 2.42-10.2) than those without severe malnutrition. CONCLUSIONS: SNE-ACLD effectively addresses the domains of the malnutrition construct in this public, presenting evidence of both internal and external validity. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Arruda, Monalisa Reis AU - Arruda MR AD - Graduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. Electronic address: monalisa.arruda@ufba.br. FAU - Cunha, Carla de Magalhaes AU - Cunha CM AD - Graduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. FAU - Batista, Ana Clara Vital AU - Batista ACV AD - Graduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. FAU - Boulhosa, Ramona Souza da Silva Baqueiro AU - Boulhosa RSDSB AD - Graduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. FAU - Garcez, Lais Spindola AU - Garcez LS AD - Graduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. FAU - Lyra, Andre Castro AU - Lyra AC AD - Graduate Program in Medicine and Health, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. FAU - Romeiro, Fernando Gomes AU - Romeiro FG AD - Graduate Program in Pathophysiology in Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Pereira, Ketlin Gianini AU - Pereira KG AD - Graduate Program in Pathophysiology in Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Cavalcante, Lourianne Nascimento AU - Cavalcante LN AD - Graduate Program in Medicine and Health, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. FAU - de Jesus, Rosangela Passos AU - de Jesus RP AD - Graduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. FAU - de Oliveira, Lucivalda Pereira Magalhaes AU - de Oliveira LPM AD - Graduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260317 PL - United States TA - Nutrition JT - Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) JID - 8802712 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Nutrition Assessment MH - Female MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - *Psychometrics MH - *Nutritional Status MH - *Liver Diseases/complications MH - Middle Aged MH - Chronic Disease MH - Aged MH - *Malnutrition/diagnosis MH - Principal Component Analysis MH - Adult MH - ROC Curve OTO - NOTNLM OT - Chronic liver disease OT - Instruments OT - Malnutrition OT - Nutritional assessment OT - Psychometrics COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/05/02 00:33 MHDA- 2026/05/17 06:29 CRDT- 2026/05/01 18:07 PHST- 2025/11/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/17 06:29 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/02 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/01 18:07 [entrez] AID - S0899-9007(26)00119-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.nut.2026.113211 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nutrition. 2026 Aug;148:113211. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2026.113211. Epub 2026 Mar 17. PMID- 42066625 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260828 IS - 1879-2219 (Electronic) IS - 0966-6362 (Linking) VI - 128 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Data-based evidence of normative gait in healthy adults (18-65 years): Demographics, methodology, and data availability-A scoping review. PG - 110176 LID - S0966-6362(26)00086-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2026.110176 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Normative gait data are essential for research, identifying abnormalities and guiding diagnosis. However, a systematic overview of normative gait data and their characteristics, independent of measurement systems and parameter types, is currently lacking. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to summarize the current state of normative gait data for healthy adults, focusing on population characteristics, data descriptions, measurement systems, research/data gaps, data presentation and accessibility. METHODOLOGY: Databases including Medline, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, and Embase were searched, supplemented by studies referenced in prior reviews. Inclusion criteria were studies on healthy adults (18-65 years) with normative gait data and a population size of at least 30. Secondary data analyses were excluded. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: 105 studies, involving 11764 participants, were included. Open access publications accounted for 54.2%, with 22 studies providing additional data links. Data stratified by age and sex was reported in 50.5% and 49.5% of studies, respectively, while 64.8% documented footwear. Multi-camera systems were most frequently used in publications, while IMUs (Inertial Measurement Units) captured data from the most participants. The dataset is available to facilitate further customized analyses of normative gait data. CONCLUSION: Although the availability and accessibility of normative gait data have improved in recent years, substantial challenges remain due to the lack of standardization. Future efforts should focus on enhancing data descriptions, encouraging independent reproduction, and defining standards to improve reproducibility and usability for machine learning applications. CI - Copyright (c) 2026. Published by Elsevier B.V. FAU - Kreusch, Richard AU - Kreusch R AD - University of Applied Sciences Jena, Carl-Zeiss-Promenade 2, 07745 Jena, Thuringen, Germany. Electronic address: Richard.Kreusch@eah-jena.de. FAU - Gross, Catharina Sophia AU - Gross CS AD - University of Applied Sciences Jena, Carl-Zeiss-Promenade 2, 07745 Jena, Thuringen, Germany. FAU - Saal, Susanne AU - Saal S AD - University of Applied Sciences Jena, Carl-Zeiss-Promenade 2, 07745 Jena, Thuringen, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Scoping Review DEP - 20260420 PL - England TA - Gait Posture JT - Gait & posture JID - 9416830 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Gait/physiology MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - Reference Values MH - Adolescent MH - Aged MH - Male MH - Female MH - Young Adult MH - Gait Analysis OTO - NOTNLM OT - Dataset OT - Gait OT - Gait parameter OT - Healthy adults OT - Normative OT - Reference data OT - Scoping review COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/05/02 00:33 MHDA- 2026/05/16 00:36 CRDT- 2026/05/01 18:07 PHST- 2025/03/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/16 00:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/02 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/01 18:07 [entrez] AID - S0966-6362(26)00086-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2026.110176 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Gait Posture. 2026 Jul;128:110176. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2026.110176. Epub 2026 Apr 20. PMID- 42066057 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261009 LR - 20261019 IS - 1539-2031 (Electronic) IS - 0192-0790 (Print) IS - 0192-0790 (Linking) VI - 60 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Nov-Dec 01 TI - The Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Position Paper of the Neurogastroenterology and Motility Section of the Israeli Gastroenterology Association. PG - 867-884 LID - 10.1097/MCG.0000000000002388 [doi] AB - Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a disorder of gut-brain interaction with symptoms including abdominal pain associated with a change in stool form or frequency. IBS global prevalence is around 4% and its impact on patient's quality of life and social functioning is substantial. Multidisciplinary working teams of the Israeli Society of Neurogastroenterology and Motility evaluated all validated approaches to IBS management. The aim was to develop a national, evidence-based position document on IBS management for general practitioners and adult and pediatric gastroenterologists. This position document comprehensively reviewed therapeutic options, including patient education (including specific national communities), dietary modifications (particularly the low FODMAP diet), antispasmodic drugs, probiotics, antibiotics (eg, rifaximin), secretagogues (eg, linaclotide), neuromodulators, psychological therapies (including cognitive behavioral therapy and gut-directed hypnotherapy), and complementary medicine approaches. The importance of establishing a positive physician-patient communication with a therapeutic partnership, including an empathic approach and implementation of the bio-psycho-social model, was also strongly emphasized. A structured treatment algorithm incorporating multiple therapeutic tools that are locally available was developed as well. We hope that this position paper will provide a practical and updated tool for the management of IBS in Israel and in other countries as well. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, LLC. FAU - Shibli, Fahmi AU - Shibli F AD - Institute of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Ha'Em Medical Center, Afula. AD - Rappaport Faculty of Medicine. FAU - Dekel, Roy AU - Dekel R AD - Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sourasky Medical Center. FAU - Yishai, Ron AU - Yishai R AD - Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sourasky Medical Center. FAU - Lysy, Joseph AU - Lysy J AD - Department of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shaare Zedek Medical Center. FAU - Sperber, Ami AU - Sperber A AD - Faculty of Health Sciences. FAU - Bar, Nir AU - Bar N AD - Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sourasky Medical Center. FAU - Baruch, Ronnie AU - Baruch R AD - Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sourasky Medical Center. FAU - Frishman, Sigal AU - Frishman S AD - Clinical Dietitian, Rabin Medical Center, Beilenson Campus, Petah Tikva. FAU - Nevo Shor, Anat AU - Nevo Shor A AD - Department of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Soroka Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva. FAU - Hershkovici, Tiberiu AU - Hershkovici T AD - Department of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem. FAU - Thurm, Tamar AU - Thurm T AD - Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sourasky Medical Center. FAU - Mari, Amir AU - Mari A AD - Department of Gastroenterology, Nazareth EMMS Hospital, Nazareth. AD - Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel. FAU - Carter, Dan AU - Carter D AD - Department of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Sheba Medical Center. FAU - Brun, Rita AU - Brun R AD - Department of Gastroenterology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa. FAU - Ishay, Yuval AU - Ishay Y AD - Department of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem. FAU - Dickman, Ram AU - Dickman R AD - Division of Gastroenterology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Campus, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv. LA - eng PT - Consensus Statement PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260921 PL - United States TA - J Clin Gastroenterol JT - Journal of clinical gastroenterology JID - 7910017 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - FODMAP Diet MH - Gastroenterology/standards MH - *Irritable Bowel Syndrome/therapy/diagnosis MH - Israel MH - Quality of Life MH - Societies, Medical PMC - PMC13626592 OTO - NOTNLM OT - FODMAP OT - functional gastrointestinal disorders OT - irritable bowel syndrome OT - neuromodulation OT - psychotherapy OT - treatment algorithm COIS- The authors declare that they have nothing to disclose EDAT- 2026/05/01 18:45 MHDA- 2026/10/09 17:34 PMCR- 2026/09/30 CRDT- 2026/05/01 13:54 PHST- 2025/10/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/09 17:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/01 18:45 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/01 13:54 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 00004836-990000000-00642 [pii] AID - JCG-D-25-01031 [pii] AID - 10.1097/MCG.0000000000002388 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Clin Gastroenterol. 2026 Nov-Dec 01;60(10):867-884. doi: 10.1097/MCG.0000000000002388. Epub 2026 Sep 21. PMID- 42065904 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260921 IS - 1613-9860 (Electronic) IS - 1869-6716 (Print) IS - 1613-9860 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jan 7 TI - mHealth to support resistance training using outdoor gyms: the ecofit hybrid type 3 implementation-effectiveness trial. LID - 10.1093/tbm/ibag024 [doi] LID - ibag024 AB - BACKGROUND: There is a need to scale up effective physical activity interventions among the general population, particularly those incorporating resistance training. Ecofit is a community-based, multicomponent intervention promoting resistance and aerobic physical activity through smartphone technology, the outdoor built environment, and social support. This study aimed to scale up ecofit by comparing Low versus Moderate implementation support on the reach (outdoor gym use) of ecofit within two large regional municipalities. METHODS: A hybrid type 3 implementation-effectiveness trial was conducted across two large municipalities in eastern Australia. Outdoor gyms (n = 18) were randomized to Low (ecofit app only) or Moderate [ecofit app, QR (quick response) codes on equipment, face-to-face workout sessions] implementation support. The primary outcome of "reach" was defined as the baseline-adjusted difference in the number of outdoor gym users (i.e. adults using outdoor gym equipment for resistance training) between groups. Reach was measured at baseline and 3-month follow-up using a modified System for Observing Play and Recreation in Communities tool, with blinded assessors observing community members perceived to be >/=18 years [categorized as Adults (aged 18-59) or Seniors (aged >/=60)]. Secondary outcomes included app uptake, dose received, implementation fidelity, and acceptability, feasibility, and dose-satisfaction regarding the app and guided sessions. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in people using outdoor gym equipment for resistance training between Low and Moderate support groups at 3-month follow-up [incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 1.68, 95% CI: 0.96-2.94]. Among adults (aged 18-59), the Moderate support group showed significantly higher outdoor gym use at follow-up (IRR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.01-3.31) compared to the Low support group. Over 6 months, 1273 users registered for the app, completing 503 workouts, 62% of which occurred indoors. CONCLUSIONS: Ecofit shows promise for promoting resistance training, particularly among adults. Broader marketing and enhanced engagement strategies may be required to increase outdoor gym use and sustain participation over time. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Behavioral Medicine. FAU - Plotnikoff, Ronald C AU - Plotnikoff RC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3763-8273 AD - Global Sport and Movement Collaborative, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia. AD - Global Sport and Movement Collaborative, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia. FAU - Jansson, Anna K AU - Jansson AK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9039-2033 AD - School of Heath Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia. AD - Food and Nutrition Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia. FAU - Duncan, Mitch J AU - Duncan MJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9166-6195 AD - Global Sport and Movement Collaborative, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia. AD - Global Sport and Movement Collaborative, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia. AD - School of Medicine & Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia. FAU - Beacroft, Sam AU - Beacroft S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-5821-9800 AD - Global Sport and Movement Collaborative, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia. AD - Global Sport and Movement Collaborative, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia. FAU - Bauman, Adrian AU - Bauman A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0369-4621 AD - School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia. FAU - Attia, John AU - Attia J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9800-1308 AD - School of Medicine & Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia. FAU - Cox, Emily R AU - Cox ER AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1687-3522 AD - Global Sport and Movement Collaborative, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia. AD - Global Sport and Movement Collaborative, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia. AD - School of Exercise & Nutrition Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD, 4059, Australia. FAU - Smith, Jordan J AU - Smith JJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4640-8645 AD - Global Sport and Movement Collaborative, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia. AD - Global Sport and Movement Collaborative, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia. FAU - Robards, Sara L AU - Robards SL AD - Global Sport and Movement Collaborative, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia. FAU - Babic, Mark AU - Babic M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-4635-4405 AD - Global Sport and Movement Collaborative, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia. AD - Global Sport and Movement Collaborative, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia. FAU - Lubans, David R AU - Lubans DR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0204-8257 AD - Global Sport and Movement Collaborative, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia. AD - Global Sport and Movement Collaborative, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia. AD - Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland. LA - eng GR - APP1134914/National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia/ PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PL - England TA - Transl Behav Med JT - Translational behavioral medicine JID - 101554668 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Resistance Training/methods MH - Female MH - Adult MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - *Mobile Applications MH - *Exercise MH - *Health Promotion/methods MH - Australia MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - *Fitness Centers MH - Smartphone PMC - PMC13134382 OAB - Outdoor gyms are increasingly installed in parks to encourage free, accessible exercise, yet they are often underused. We implemented the ecofit intervention, a free mobile app designed to help people use outdoor gyms for resistance and aerobic exercise, across two large regional municipalities in Australia. The app includes predesigned workouts, instructional videos, customizable options, and self-monitoring tools. We compared two levels of implementation support: nine gyms received Low support (ecofit app only), while another nine received Moderate support [ecofit app, QR (quick response) codes on equipment, and three cost-free group workouts led by an exercise professional]. The main aim was to compare the number of people using outdoor gyms receiving Low and Moderate support at baseline and 3 months. There was no significant difference in overall outdoor gym use between the Low and Moderate support groups. However, more adults under 60 used outdoor gyms with Moderate support compared to Low support at follow-up. Over 6 months, more than 1200 people registered for the app and completed 503 workouts. Users found the app easy to use and motivating, though many preferred private settings for exercise. Ecofit shows promise for promoting resistance training using outdoor gyms. Future studies should incorporate broader marketing and collaborate with municipal councils and local government agencies to improve engagement and accessibility. OABL- eng OTO - NOTNLM OT - implementation OT - outdoor gym OT - physical activity OT - resistance training COIS- All authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/01 12:37 MHDA- 2026/05/01 12:38 PMCR- 2026/05/01 CRDT- 2026/05/01 11:40 PHST- 2026/05/01 12:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/01 12:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/01 11:40 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 8666280 [pii] AID - ibag024 [pii] AID - 10.1093/tbm/ibag024 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Transl Behav Med. 2026 Jan 7;16(1):ibag024. doi: 10.1093/tbm/ibag024. PMID- 42065159 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260813 IS - 1536-5964 (Electronic) IS - 0025-7974 (Print) IS - 0025-7974 (Linking) VI - 105 IP - 18 DP - 2026 May 1 TI - Vitamin D concentrations and headache risk in children and adolescents aged 6 to 19 years: The mediating role of body mass index. PG - e48477 LID - 10.1097/MD.0000000000048477 [doi] LID - e48477 AB - Emerging evidence suggests vitamin D deficiency might be linked to increased headache risk, though consistent conclusions are lacking due to population and methodological heterogeneity. In addition, childhood and adolescent obesity may influence headache development through metabolic and inflammatory pathways, but the specific role of body mass index (BMI) in the relationship between vitamin D and headache is currently unclear. Therefore, this study used National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) large-scale population-based data to investigate the association between vitamin D levels and headache risk in children and adolescents aged 6 to 19 years and to analyze the possible mediating effect of BMI on this relationship. The aim of this study was to explore the complex association between vitamin D levels and headache. We analyzed 2 cycles of the NHANES dataset, which included a total of 7066 children and adolescents aged 6 to 19 years. Multivariate linear regression models, subgroup analyses and smoothed curve fitting were used to investigate the associations between vitamin D levels and headache, and the potential mediating role of BMI was explored. The results of the present study revealed a evident negative correlation between vitamin D levels and headache risk in children and adolescents, a finding that was further supported by smoothed curve fitting. Notably, this negative correlation was stronger in the female and adolescent groups. The results of the mediation analysis revealed that BMI had a evident mediating effect, with a mediation ratio of 20.94%. This study found that lower vitamin D levels were associated with a higher likelihood of headache in children and adolescents, and that BMI may play a partial mediating role. This finding provides new strategies for the prevention and treatment of headache in children and adolescents. More prospective studies are necessary to further validate this association and its underlying mechanisms. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. FAU - Zhang, Min AU - Zhang M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-3102-755 AD - Department of Otolaryngology, Kunming Medical University Affiliated Children's Hospital (Kunming Children's Hospital), Kunming, Yunnan Province, China. FAU - Xie, Juan AU - Xie J AD - Yunnan Institute of Pediatrics, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Children's Major Disease Research, Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Children's Health and Disease, Kunming Medical University Affiliated Children's Hospital (Kunming Children's Hospital), Kunming, Yunnan Province, China. FAU - Guo, Cheng AU - Guo C AD - Comprehensive Pediatrics, Kunming Medical University Affiliated Children's Hospital (Kunming Children's Hospital), Kunming , Yunnan Province, China. FAU - Zhang, Tiesong AU - Zhang T AD - Department of Otolaryngology, Kunming Medical University Affiliated Children's Hospital (Kunming Children's Hospital), Kunming, Yunnan Province, China. FAU - Liu, Kai AU - Liu K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3374-3375 AD - Comprehensive Pediatrics, Kunming Medical University Affiliated Children's Hospital (Kunming Children's Hospital), Kunming , Yunnan Province, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Medicine (Baltimore) JT - Medicine JID - 2985248R RN - 1406-16-2 (Vitamin D) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Female MH - *Vitamin D/blood MH - *Body Mass Index MH - Male MH - *Headache/epidemiology/etiology/blood MH - *Vitamin D Deficiency/complications/epidemiology/blood MH - Nutrition Surveys MH - Young Adult MH - Risk Factors PMC - PMC13138427 OTO - NOTNLM OT - BMI OT - cross-sectional studies, headache, mediation analyses OT - vitamin D COIS- The authors have no funding and conflicts of interest to disclose. EDAT- 2026/05/01 06:34 MHDA- 2026/05/01 12:36 PMCR- 2026/05/01 CRDT- 2026/05/01 05:33 PHST- 2025/09/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/01/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/01 12:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/01 06:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/01 05:33 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 00005792-202605010-00016 [pii] AID - MD-D-25-10671 [pii] AID - 10.1097/MD.0000000000048477 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Medicine (Baltimore). 2026 May 1;105(18):e48477. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000048477. PMID- 42065146 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260819 IS - 1536-5964 (Electronic) IS - 0025-7974 (Print) IS - 0025-7974 (Linking) VI - 105 IP - 18 DP - 2026 May 1 TI - Impact of competitive anxiety on mood, sleep, and physical activity levels in young Tunisian karate athletes: A multidimensional prospective observational study. PG - e48435 LID - 10.1097/MD.0000000000048435 [doi] LID - e48435 AB - This study examined the impact of competition-related anxiety on psychological and behavioral parameters of Tunisian karate athletes. A total of 176 young Tunisian karate athletes (aged 16-25 years) with at least 1 year of training and competitive experience voluntarily participated in this study. Validated instruments were administered 1 week before and on the day of the competition, including the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Brunel Mood Scale, and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Paired Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used to compare changes over time, and multiple linear regression models were used to identify predictors of state and trait anxiety. Anxiety, mood, sleep, and physical activity changed from 1 week before to competition day (all P < .001). One week before, state anxiety was higher with tension (beta = 1.22, P < .001), fatigue (beta = 1.49, P < .001), and confusion (beta = 1.14, P < .001); trait anxiety was higher with anger (beta = 1.15, P < .001), depression (beta = 1.38, P < .001), and fatigue (beta = 0.42, P = .004), and lower with confusion (beta = -0.36, P = .009). State anxiety was positively associated with sleep disturbances (beta = 5.94, P < .001); trait anxiety with poorer subjective sleep quality (beta = 2.87, P < .001) and longer sleep latency (beta = 0.26, P < .001). Vigorous MET-minutes predicted lower state anxiety (beta = -0.009, P = .02) and walking predicted lower trait anxiety (beta = -0.007, P = .007). State anxiety increased with confusion (beta = 1.47, P < .001) and decreased with vigor (beta = -0.94, P = .003); trait anxiety increased with depression (beta = 1.53, P < .001) and fatigue (beta = 1.34, P < .001). Daytime dysfunction predicted higher state anxiety (beta = 8.91, P < .001) and sleep latency predicted higher trait anxiety (beta = 0.10, P = .031). Moderate MET-minutes predicted higher state anxiety (beta = 0.008, P = .02). Increases in state anxiety aligned with higher tension (beta = 0.93, P < .001), fatigue (beta = 0.61, P = .004), and confusion (beta = 1.89, P < .001), and decreases with depression (beta = -0.54, P = .02). Increases in trait anxiety were driven by depression (beta = 1.67, P < .001) and fatigue (beta = 1.06, P < .001). Greater daytime dysfunction predicted increases in state anxiety (beta = 9.28, P < .001), whereas longer sleep latency (beta = 0.19, P < .001) and shorter sleep duration (beta = -3.18, P < .001) predicted increases in trait anxiety; activity changes were not significant. Competition anxiety in young karate athletes is chiefly associated with mood disturbances and sleep parameters; implementing mood-regulation and sleep-focused strategies may reduce anxiety in youth combat sports. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. FAU - Belgacem, Ahlem AU - Belgacem A AD - High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia. AD - Research Laboratory: Education, Motricite, Sport et Sante (EM2S, LR19JS01), High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia. FAU - Salem, Atef AU - Salem A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0680-6841 AD - Department of Training and Movement Science, Institute of Sport Science, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany. FAU - Yildiz, Mevlut AU - Yildiz M AD - Coaching Sciences, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, Turkiye. FAU - Ceylan, Halil Ibrahim AU - Ceylan HI AD - Physical Education and Sports Teaching Department, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkiye. FAU - Ben Hassen, Said AU - Ben Hassen S AD - Tunisian Research Laboratory Sports Performance Optimization, National Center of Medicine and Science in Sports (CNMSS), Tunis, Tunisia. FAU - Negra, Yassine AU - Negra Y AD - Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Said, University of Manouba, Tunis, Tunisia. FAU - Muntean, Raul Ioan AU - Muntean RI AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4615-6687 AD - Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Law and Social Sciences, University "1 Decembrie 1918" of Alba Iulia, Alba Iulia, Romania. FAU - Jarraya, Mohamed AU - Jarraya M AD - High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia. AD - Research Laboratory: Education, Motricite, Sport et Sante (EM2S, LR19JS01), High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study PL - United States TA - Medicine (Baltimore) JT - Medicine JID - 2985248R SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Anxiety/psychology/epidemiology MH - Male MH - Tunisia MH - *Martial Arts/psychology MH - *Affect/physiology MH - Adolescent MH - *Athletes/psychology MH - Prospective Studies MH - Young Adult MH - *Sleep/physiology MH - Female MH - Adult MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - Fatigue MH - Depression PMC - PMC13138430 OTO - NOTNLM OT - competitive anxiety OT - karate OT - mood disturbance OT - physical activity OT - regression analysis OT - sleep quality OT - youth athletes COIS- The authors have no funding and conflicts of interest to disclose. EDAT- 2026/05/01 06:34 MHDA- 2026/05/01 12:36 PMCR- 2026/05/01 CRDT- 2026/05/01 05:33 PHST- 2025/10/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/01 12:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/01 06:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/01 05:33 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 00005792-202605010-00003 [pii] AID - MD-D-25-13333 [pii] AID - 10.1097/MD.0000000000048435 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Medicine (Baltimore). 2026 May 1;105(18):e48435. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000048435. PMID- 42065086 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260501 LR - 20260813 IS - 2624-9367 (Electronic) IS - 2624-9367 (Linking) VI - 8 DP - 2026 TI - Adapting a resistance training program for Danish physical education: teachers' preconceptions and participatory co-adaptation. PG - 1816683 LID - 10.3389/fspor.2026.1816683 [doi] LID - 1816683 AB - INTRODUCTION: Transferring and scaling school-based physical activity (PA) programs across educational contexts requires systematic adaptation to ensure implementation feasibility and contextual fit. This study examined Danish physical education (PE) teachers' preconceptions for resistance training and a participatory co-adaptation process used to adapt the evidence-based Resistance Training for Teens (RT4T) program for implementation in Danish lower secondary schools. METHODS AND MATERIALS: MEGAFiT, a Danish adaptation of RT4T, was developed using a sequential qualitative design. We conducted six online group interviews with 19 PE teachers and analysed data using the COM-B model to identify key implementation determinants related to capability, opportunity, and motivation. These findings informed four participatory co-adaptation workshops with 14 PE teachers, combining practical testing, reflection, and iterative program refinement. The resulting MEGAFiT program was structured as a six-week PE course consisting of modular, equipment-light resistance training sessions designed to integrate with PE content. Adaptations were documented using the Framework for Reporting Adaptations and Modifications-Expanded (FRAME). RESULTS: Teachers' capability and confidence to deliver resistance training varied substantially and were closely linked to prior experience. Key implementation barriers included limited lesson time, large class size, and restricted access to facilities and equipment. During the co-adaptation process, teachers and researchers collaboratively refined the program by shortening its duration, introducing modular lesson structures, developing equipment-light exercise formats, and redesigning instructional materials to improve usability in PE settings. CONCLUSION: Explicitly addressing implementer preconceptions through structured co-adaptation strengthened the alignment between the RT4T program and the Danish school context. The findings illustrate how participatory adaptation can help tailor evidence-based PA programs to everyday PE practice by aligning program structure, organization, and materials with teachers' capabilities and contextual constraints. CI - (c) 2026 Koch, Andersen, Larsen, Melcher, Bredahl, Meiner-Jensen, Lubans and Christiansen. FAU - Koch, Sofie AU - Koch S AD - Research Unit for Active Living, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. AD - Research and Implementation Centre for Human Movement and Learning, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. FAU - Andersen, Marianne Friis AU - Andersen MF AD - Research Unit for Active Living, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. AD - Research and Implementation Centre for Human Movement and Learning, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. FAU - Larsen, Malte Nejst AU - Larsen MN AD - Research and Implementation Centre for Human Movement and Learning, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. AD - Research Unit for Sport and Health Sciences, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. FAU - Melcher, Jesper Ninn Sandfeld AU - Melcher JNS AD - Faculty of Teacher Education, University College Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Bredahl, Thomas Viskum Gjelstrup AU - Bredahl TVG AD - Research Unit for Active Living, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. AD - Danish Centre for Motivation and Behaviour Science (DRIVEN), Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. FAU - Meiner-Jensen, Christina Birch AU - Meiner-Jensen CB AD - Research Unit for Sport and Health Sciences, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. FAU - Lubans, David R AU - Lubans DR AD - Global Sport and Movement Collaborative, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia. AD - Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, NSW, Australia. FAU - Christiansen, Lars Breum AU - Christiansen LB AD - Research Unit for Active Living, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. AD - Research and Implementation Centre for Human Movement and Learning, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260415 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Sports Act Living JT - Frontiers in sports and active living JID - 101765780 PMC - PMC13124729 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - cultural adaptation OT - implementation OT - physical education OT - scaling COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/01 06:34 MHDA- 2026/05/01 06:35 PMCR- 2026/04/15 CRDT- 2026/05/01 05:20 PHST- 2026/02/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/01 06:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/01 06:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/01 05:20 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fspor.2026.1816683 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Sports Act Living. 2026 Apr 15;8:1816683. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2026.1816683. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42065000 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260515 LR - 20260813 IS - 2048-6790 (Electronic) IS - 2048-6790 (Linking) VI - 15 DP - 2026 TI - Anthropometry, energy, and nutrient intake of orphanage children (2-5 years) in eastern and western district of Kogi state. PG - e28 LID - 10.1017/jns.2026.10091 [doi] LID - e28 AB - Malnutrition in children remains a major global public health concern, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 120 children, with a sub-sample of 23 children selected for a 3-day weighed food intake assessment. Data were collected using a validated questionnaire, anthropometric measurements, and dietary intake records. Analysis was performed using SPSS version 21 and results were presented as means, frequencies, and percentages. The daily energy intake of children aged 4 and 5 years was below the recommended levels (74.1% and 64.3%, respectively). However, children aged 2 and 3 years had adequate energy intakes, exceeding the recommendations (102.4% and 111.5%). Iron intake across all age groups was below the recommended dietary intake. Intake of B-complex vitamins (B(1), B(2), B(3)) among 2-, 3-, and 5-year-olds exceeded recommended levels. Calcium intake was consistently low across all age groups (2 years: 37.5%, 3 years: 44.6%, 4 years: 23.5%, 5 years: 24.7%), this is due to low consumption of protein food sources and vegetables rich in calcium. Key factors influencing low nutritional status included inadequate consumption of high protein food sources, overreliance on carbohydrate food (cassava flour), poor consumption of fruits and vegetables, and inability to access food due to sickness. The study highlights suboptimal intake of energy and essential micronutrients among orphanage children, particularly older age groups. Nutrition education, improved feeding practices, and increased dietary diversity are essential to improve the nutritional status of children in orphanages. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. FAU - Nweze, Ifedilichukwu Emilia AU - Nweze IE AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-8121-2092 AD - Natural Science Unit, School of General Studies, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu 410101, Nigeria. ROR: https://ror.org/01sn1yx84 FAU - Ibeanu, Vivienne N AU - Ibeanu VN AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu 410101, Nigeria. FAU - Onyia, Uchechukwu AU - Onyia U AD - Department of Home Science and Management, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu, 410101, Nigeria. FAU - Tochukwu Onyemaechi, Ijeoma AU - Tochukwu Onyemaechi I AD - Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260427 PL - England TA - J Nutr Sci JT - Journal of nutritional science JID - 101590587 RN - 0 (Dietary Carbohydrates) RN - 0 (Dietary Proteins) RN - 0 (Vitamins) RN - 0 (Trace Elements) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child Nutrition Disorders/etiology/prevention & control MH - Child, Preschool MH - Nigeria MH - *Orphanages MH - Anthropometry MH - *Energy Intake MH - *Eating MH - Male MH - Female MH - Socioeconomic Factors MH - Diet MH - Dietary Carbohydrates/administration & dosage MH - Dietary Proteins/administration & dosage MH - Vegetables MH - Vitamins/administration & dosage MH - Trace Elements/administration & dosage MH - Schools PMC - PMC13126059 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Anthropometry OT - Diversity OT - Energy intake OT - Intake OT - Malnutrition OT - Nutrient OT - Nutrient intake OT - Orphanage children OT - Weight OT - food COIS- The authors declare none. EDAT- 2026/05/01 06:34 MHDA- 2026/05/01 06:35 PMCR- 2026/04/27 CRDT- 2026/05/01 05:20 PHST- 2025/06/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/11/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/01 06:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/01 06:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/01 05:20 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2048679026100913 [pii] AID - 10.1017/jns.2026.10091 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Nutr Sci. 2026 Apr 27;15:e28. doi: 10.1017/jns.2026.10091. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42064999 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260521 LR - 20260813 IS - 2048-6790 (Electronic) IS - 2048-6790 (Linking) VI - 15 DP - 2026 TI - Association of gut microbiota dietary index with MAFLD and the risk of liver fibrosis: the mediating effect of vitamins. PG - e23 LID - 10.1017/jns.2026.10093 [doi] LID - e23 AB - Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is emerging as the leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide, with a spectrum ranging from simple steatosis to advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis. Its pathogenesis is multifactorial and involves genetic, metabolic, and gut microbiota factors. Gut microbiota, through the gut-liver axis, plays a crucial role in the progression of MAFLD. Here, we investigated the association between DI-GM, a novel metric reflecting diet-microbiota interactions, MAFLD, and liver fibrosis, with a focus on the mediating role of vitamins. Using data from 13,498 participants across seven NHANES cycles (2007-2018), we found that higher DI-GM scores, indicative of a healthier gut microbiota-promoting diet, were associated with a reduced prevalence of MAFLD (OR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.88-0.99) and high-risk liver fibrosis (OR = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.90-0.98) in fully adjusted models. Notably, the relationship between DI-GM and MAFLD and the risk of liver fibrosis is largely mediated by specific vitamins and carotenoids, with vitamin C and cis-beta-carotene emerging as key mediators. These findings suggest that dietary interventions targeting the gut microbiota and vitamin supplementation could offer new strategies for the prevention and management of MAFLD. Our study provides the first comprehensive evidence linking DI-GM to MAFLD and the risk of liver fibrosis, highlighting the potential of diet and nutrition to modulate metabolic liver diseases. Future research should focus on elucidating the underlying mechanisms and validating these findings through prospective studies and clinical trials. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. FAU - Han, Jinlu AU - Han J AD - Tongren Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China. ROR: https://ror.org/01r8rcr36 FAU - Zhou, Teng AU - Zhou T AD - Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, China. FAU - Chen, Jiong AU - Chen J AD - Tongren Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China. ROR: https://ror.org/01r8rcr36 FAU - Xu, Ling AU - Xu L AD - Tongren Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China. ROR: https://ror.org/01r8rcr36 FAU - Shan, Wen AU - Shan W AD - No 2 People's Hospital of Fuyang City, China. FAU - Zhang, Qinghui AU - Zhang Q AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2164-6452 AD - Tongren Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China. ROR: https://ror.org/01r8rcr36 LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260413 PL - England TA - J Nutr Sci JT - Journal of nutritional science JID - 101590587 RN - 0 (Vitamins) SB - IM MH - *Gastrointestinal Microbiome MH - *Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/complications/epidemiology/microbiology MH - Nutrition Assessment MH - *Liver Cirrhosis/epidemiology/etiology/microbiology/prevention & control MH - Risk Factors MH - *Diet/adverse effects/statistics & numerical data MH - Mediation Analysis MH - Nutrition Surveys MH - Prevalence MH - Vitamins/administration & dosage MH - Dietary Supplements MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Infant MH - Child, Preschool MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - Aged MH - United States/epidemiology PMC - PMC13126062 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Dietary Index of Gut Microbiota OT - dietary nutrition OT - liver fibrosis OT - metabolic-associated fatty liver disease OT - vitamin mediation COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/01 06:34 MHDA- 2026/05/01 13:48 PMCR- 2026/04/13 CRDT- 2026/05/01 05:20 PHST- 2025/04/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/01/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/01 13:48 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/01 06:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/01 05:20 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2048679026100937 [pii] AID - 10.1017/jns.2026.10093 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Nutr Sci. 2026 Apr 13;15:e23. doi: 10.1017/jns.2026.10093. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42064996 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260813 IS - 2048-6790 (Electronic) IS - 2048-6790 (Linking) VI - 15 DP - 2026 TI - High risk of disordered eating is associated with body composition, behavioural factors, and perceived stress among university students: a cross-sectional study from the UAE. PG - e25 LID - 10.1017/jns.2026.10089 [doi] LID - e25 AB - Disordered eating (DE) significantly affects both physical and mental health, contributing to morbidity, mortality, and considerable global healthcare costs. This cross-sectional study assessed the prevalence of high-risk DE and examined its associations with body composition, behavioural factors, diet quality, and perceived stress among university students in the United Arab Emirates. A total of 911 students were recruited using non-probability quota sampling (50.49% female). Body composition was measured using a TANITA BC-420MA body composition monitor. Usual dietary intake was assessed via a validated 65-item food frequency questionnaire. DE risk was assessed using the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) and perceived stress using the PSS-10. Analysis included linear regression and independent-samples t-test (p < 0.05). High-risk DE (EAT-26 >/= 20) prevalence was 30.3%. High-risk DE was significantly associated with higher body fat percentage (beta = 0.121, p < 0.001), fat mass (beta = 0.148, p < 0.001), fat-free mass (beta = 0.079, p = 0.017), lean mass (beta = 0.08, p = 0.016), total body water (beta = 0.084, p = 0.011), and lower total body water percentage (beta = -0.131, p < 0.001). High-risk students also reported higher intakes of fibre (beta = 0.12, p = 0.018), beta-carotene (beta = 0.14, p = 0.025), vitamin A (beta = 0.13, p = 0.034), B12 (beta = 0.15, p = 0.043), folate (beta = 0.16, p = 0.006), and vitamin D (beta = 0.16, p = 0.036). Compared with the low-risk group, high-risk DE was associated with higher adiposity markers and slightly higher perceived stress, and differed in selected nutrient intakes; sociodemographic characteristics were largely similar between groups except for smoking status. These findings support the implementation of targeted prevention strategies, including nutrition education, routine screening, and culturally tailored programmes, for young adults in the UAE. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. FAU - Cheikh Ismail, Leila AU - Cheikh Ismail L AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. ROR: https://ror.org/00engpz63 AD - Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, UK. ROR: https://ror.org/052gg0110 FAU - Faris, MoezAlIslam AU - Faris M AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Applied Science Private University, Jordan. FAU - Abdelrahim, Dana N AU - Abdelrahim DN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5111-7132 AD - Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. FAU - Zeb, Falak AU - Zeb F AD - Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. FAU - Mohamad, Maysm N AU - Mohamad MN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6396-6625 AD - Department of Nutrition and Health, United Arab Emirates University, United Arab Emirates. ROR: https://ror.org/01km6p862 FAU - Amer, Enas AU - Amer E AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. ROR: https://ror.org/00engpz63 FAU - Alali, Maram AU - Alali M AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. ROR: https://ror.org/00engpz63 FAU - Draghmeh, Marianna AU - Draghmeh M AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. ROR: https://ror.org/00engpz63 FAU - Ben-Mustafa, Najat AU - Ben-Mustafa N AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. ROR: https://ror.org/00engpz63 FAU - Stojanovska, Lily AU - Stojanovska L AD - Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Australia. FAU - Al Dhaheri, Ayesha Salem AU - Al Dhaheri AS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7634-3531 AD - Department of Nutrition and Health, United Arab Emirates University, United Arab Emirates. ROR: https://ror.org/01km6p862 LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260415 PL - England TA - J Nutr Sci JT - Journal of nutritional science JID - 101590587 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Body Composition MH - United Arab Emirates/epidemiology MH - Male MH - *Students MH - Universities MH - Young Adult MH - *Feeding and Eating Disorders/epidemiology/psychology MH - Subjective Stress MH - Diet MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Adult MH - Risk Factors MH - Adolescent MH - *Stress, Psychological MH - Prevalence MH - Surveys and Questionnaires PMC - PMC13126061 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Anthropometry OT - Body composition OT - Diet quality OT - Disordered eating OT - Eating attitudes OT - Perceived stress OT - University students COIS- The author(s) declare none. EDAT- 2026/05/01 06:34 MHDA- 2026/05/01 06:35 PMCR- 2026/04/15 CRDT- 2026/05/01 05:20 PHST- 2025/12/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/01/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/01 06:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/01 06:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/01 05:20 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2048679026100895 [pii] AID - 10.1017/jns.2026.10089 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Nutr Sci. 2026 Apr 15;15:e25. doi: 10.1017/jns.2026.10089. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42064474 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260501 LR - 20260813 IS - 2168-8184 (Print) IS - 2168-8184 (Electronic) IS - 2168-8184 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Mar TI - Teacher Perspectives on Standing Desks in the Classroom: A Community-Engaged Approach to Reducing Sedentary Behavior in Youth. PG - e106145 LID - 10.7759/cureus.106145 [doi] LID - e106145 AB - Objective Reducing sedentary behavior in youth is a global health priority, with classroom-based interventions, such as standing desks, offering potential benefits. This study used community-engaged research (CEnR) methods to inform the development of a standing desk intervention by assessing teacher perspectives on implementation barriers and relevant study outcomes in K-12 schools. Methods An electronic survey was administered on February 7-8, 2024, to Pennsylvania teachers via the Penn State PRO Wellness Healthy Champions program, which provides online wellness resources to schools, along with the publication of a monthly newsletter. Eligible respondents taught K-12 students in brick-and-mortar schools. The 48-item survey assessed demographics, use of activity-permissive learning environments (APLE) including standing desks, willingness to trial APLE, and acceptability of study outcomes. Results Of 81 initial respondents, 48 met the inclusion criteria. Teachers were predominantly white (44/48, 91.7%), female (34/48, 70.8%), and > 40 years old (26/48, 54.2%). Most (45/48, 93.8%) used traditional desks; only (14/48, 29.2%) currently use APLE. A majority (30/48, 62.5%) expressed willingness to trial standing desks. Barriers included cost, space limitations, and lack of administrative support. Teachers prioritized improvements in student concentration (22/48, 45.8%) over health-related outcomes. Questionnaire-based outcome measures were most acceptable, while biometric measures (e.g., BMI, blood pressure) and finger-prick blood collection were viewed less favorably. Logistic regression found no demographic predictors of willingness to trial standing desks. Conclusion Teachers' interest in classroom standing desks centers on potential benefits for student focus and behavior, with hesitancy around health data collection and logistical constraints. These findings guided the research team's CEnR approach to school partnerships, resulting in the inclusion of concentration-related outcomes and planning for barriers in the study design. Engaging educators early in the research process supported alignment between research goals and community priorities, enhancing the feasibility of a school-based standing desk intervention. CI - Copyright (c) 2026, Wasserstein et al. FAU - Wasserstein, Katie L AU - Wasserstein KL AD - Department of Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, USA. FAU - Byerly, Caitlin M AU - Byerly CM AD - Department of Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, USA. FAU - Schaefer, Eric W AU - Schaefer EW AD - Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, USA. FAU - Benden, Mark E AU - Benden ME AD - Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Texas A&M University School of Public Health, College Station, USA. FAU - Sekhar, Deepa L AU - Sekhar DL AD - Department of Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260330 PL - United States TA - Cureus JT - Cureus JID - 101596737 PMC - PMC13128034 OTO - NOTNLM OT - activity permissive learning environment OT - community-engaged research OT - school-based interventions OT - standing desk OT - teacher opinion COIS- Human subjects: Informed consent for treatment and open access publication was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Penn State Institutional Review Board issued approval STUDY00023940. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: The participant stipends in this research were supported by the Children's Miracle Network. The use of REDCap (Research Electronic Data Capture) in this project was supported by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH) (Grant UL1 TR002014). Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work. EDAT- 2026/05/01 06:34 MHDA- 2026/05/01 06:35 PMCR- 2026/03/30 CRDT- 2026/05/01 05:15 PHST- 2026/03/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/01 06:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/01 06:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/01 05:15 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.7759/cureus.106145 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cureus. 2026 Mar 30;18(3):e106145. doi: 10.7759/cureus.106145. eCollection 2026 Mar. PMID- 42064155 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260501 LR - 20260813 IS - 1664-0640 (Print) IS - 1664-0640 (Electronic) IS - 1664-0640 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Gut microbiota profiles in anorexia nervosa: associations with disease severity, BMI, and history of childhood trauma. PG - 1759115 LID - 10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1759115 [doi] LID - 1759115 AB - STUDY OBJECTIVES: Emerging evidence suggests a possible link between anorexia nervosa (AN) and alterations in the gut microbiota. This study aimed to characterize the gut microbiota profile in a cohort of Chinese female patients with AN. METHOD: A comparative analysis of the gut microbiota was conducted between 30 female patients with AN and 30 sex- and age-matched healthy controls (HCs). Fecal samples were collected for 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. All participants were assessed using the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI) and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Bioinformatics analysis was performed using QIIME2, and statistical analyses were carried out with SPSS 26.0 and R software. Correlations between microbiota differences and body mass index (BMI), EDI, and CTQ were further investigated. RESULTS: The analysis revealed differences in beta diversity and the abundances of specific microbial taxa between the two groups; however, no significant differences were observed in alpha diversity nor in the associations between gut microbiota and BMI, disease severity, or childhood trauma. CONCLUSIONS: This study identified limited differences in the gut microbiota composition between patients with AN and HCs. Critically, no robust associations between gut microbiota and clinical features were found after rigorous multiple comparison correction. While nominal (uncorrected) correlations were observed between the specific microbiota and psychological traits, these results are exploratory and should be considered hypothesis-generating. They highlight a potential avenue for future research but require validation in larger, longitudinal cohorts to determine their reproducibility and biological significance. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Wang, Wang, Ma, Liu, Li and Zhang. FAU - Wang, Meiou AU - Wang M AD - Mental Health Center, National Center for Mental Disorders, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. FAU - Wang, Yu AU - Wang Y AD - Mental Health Center, National Center for Mental Disorders, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. FAU - Ma, Jing AU - Ma J AD - Mental Health Center, National Center for Mental Disorders, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. FAU - Liu, Yang AU - Liu Y AD - Mental Health Center, National Center for Mental Disorders, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. FAU - Li, Jin AU - Li J AD - Mental Health Center, National Center for Mental Disorders, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. FAU - Zhang, Lan AU - Zhang L AD - Mental Health Center, National Center for Mental Disorders, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260415 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Psychiatry JT - Frontiers in psychiatry JID - 101545006 PMC - PMC13125984 OTO - NOTNLM OT - anorexia nervosa OT - childhood trauma OT - diversity OT - eating disorder OT - gut microbiota COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/01 06:34 MHDA- 2026/05/01 06:35 PMCR- 2026/04/15 CRDT- 2026/05/01 05:11 PHST- 2025/12/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/01 06:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/01 06:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/01 05:11 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1759115 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Psychiatry. 2026 Apr 15;17:1759115. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1759115. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42063741 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20260813 IS - 2731-085X (Electronic) IS - 2731-085X (Linking) VI - 5 IP - 1 DP - 2026 TI - Investigating food-related behaviors in Smith-Magenis syndrome: tailoring a questionnaire for a rare disease. PG - 49 LID - 10.1007/s44162-026-00193-3 [doi] LID - 49 AB - PURPOSE: Accurate measurement is essential for tracking changes in clinical outcomes. Individuals with Smith-Magenis syndrome (SMS) exhibit challenging and unique food-related behaviors. We sought to determine the best tool to capture their unique food-related behaviors. METHODS: We conducted focus groups with caregivers of individuals with SMS to evaluate two commonly used questionnaires for food-related behaviors- the Food Related Problems Questionnaire (FRPQ) and the Hyperphagia Questionnaire for Clinical Trials (HQ-CT). Based on caregiver input and clinical expertise, we adapted these existing measures into a new tool: the SMS-FRPQ. We then validated this instrument for internal consistency and concurrent validity using online responses from 125 caregivers. RESULTS: Caregivers (n = 24) indicated neither the FRPQ or HQ-CT fully captured their child's food-related behaviors; however, the newly developed SMS-FRPQ was deemed comprehensive by a new group of caregivers (n = 19). The SMS-FRPQ demonstrated strong internal consistency, with a Cronbach's alpha of alpha = 0.87 [0.84-0.90]. Factor analysis indicated a three-factor model was a good fit (comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.9, Tucker-Lewis index (TLI) = 0.88). The three factors each showed good internal consistency: Desire for Food, alpha = 0.80 [0.74-0.85]; Takes Food, alpha = 0.87 [0.83-0.90]; Satiety Impairment, alpha = 0.83 [0.77-0.87]. The SMS-FRPQ showed higher internal reliability than the FRPQ. Concurrent validity was supported through alignment with similar items from the HQ-CT or Behavioral Problems Inventory (BPI-01). CONCLUSIONS: The SMS-FRPQ has 14 items across 3 different factors and 5 additional clinically relevant items. This validated tool may be useful for tracking food-related behavior outcomes in clinical trials for this high-risk population. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s44162-026-00193-3. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. FAU - Elatrash, Citrine AU - Elatrash C AD - Department of Pediatrics, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, 1100 Bates St., Houston, TX 77030 USA. ROR: https://ror.org/02pttbw34. GRID: grid.39382.33. ISNI: 0000 0001 2160 926X FAU - Wilson, Theresa A AU - Wilson TA AD - Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 USA. ROR: https://ror.org/02pttbw34. GRID: grid.39382.33. ISNI: 0000 0001 2160 926X FAU - Wood, Alexis C AU - Wood AC AD - Department of Pediatrics, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, 1100 Bates St., Houston, TX 77030 USA. ROR: https://ror.org/02pttbw34. GRID: grid.39382.33. ISNI: 0000 0001 2160 926X FAU - Elsea, Sarah H AU - Elsea SH AD - Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 USA. ROR: https://ror.org/02pttbw34. GRID: grid.39382.33. ISNI: 0000 0001 2160 926X AD - BCM-Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 USA. ROR: https://ror.org/02pttbw34. GRID: grid.39382.33. ISNI: 0000 0001 2160 926X FAU - Sisley, Stephanie AU - Sisley S AD - Department of Pediatrics, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, 1100 Bates St., Houston, TX 77030 USA. ROR: https://ror.org/02pttbw34. GRID: grid.39382.33. ISNI: 0000 0001 2160 926X LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260429 PL - Germany TA - J Rare Dis (Berlin) JT - Journal of rare diseases (Berlin, Germany) JID - 9918522486706676 PMC - PMC13124879 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Food-related behaviors OT - Hyperphagia OT - Obesity OT - Questionnaire development OT - Smith-Magenis syndrome COIS- Competing interestsFinancial interests: Both SHE and SS have received research and consulting funds from Rhythm Pharmaceuticals. SS has received research funds from NIH and Eli Lilly and Company. SHE has research funding from the NIH, PTC Therapeutics, Speragen, Inc, and PRISMS, Inc. PRISMS, Inc. supports the SMS Patient Registry, which is housed at Baylor College of Medicine. All other authors declare no financial conflicts of interest. Non-financial interests: none. EDAT- 2026/05/01 06:34 MHDA- 2026/05/01 06:35 PMCR- 2026/04/29 CRDT- 2026/05/01 05:07 PHST- 2025/08/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/01 06:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/01 06:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/01 05:07 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 193 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s44162-026-00193-3 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Rare Dis (Berlin). 2026;5(1):49. doi: 10.1007/s44162-026-00193-3. Epub 2026 Apr 29. PMID- 42063181 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260618 LR - 20260813 IS - 1745-6215 (Electronic) IS - 1745-6215 (Linking) VI - 27 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 1 TI - AdoHealth e-wellness initiative for adolescent non-communicable disease risk reduction: protocol for a school-based cluster randomised controlled trial in SAS Nagar (Mohali), Punjab, India. LID - 10.1186/s13063-026-09724-1 [doi] LID - 448 AB - BACKGROUND: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) increasingly affect adolescents, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Seven key lifestyle behaviours, alcohol and tobacco use, consumption of JUNCS foods (junk, ultra-processed, nutritionally inappropriate, caffeinated/coloured/carbonated foods/beverages, sugar-sweetened beverages); physical inactivity; inadequate sleep; excessive screen time; and stress, collectively termed the 'Big-7 Behavioural Risk Determinants', contribute to NCD onset in adolescence and persistence into adulthood. OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of the AdoHealth e-wellness initiative in reducing the Big-7 Behavioural Risk Determinants among school-going adolescents aged 14-17 years, measured as change from baseline at 6 and 12 months post-intervention compared with control schools. METHODS: This multisite, open-label, superiority cluster randomised controlled trial will include 180 high and senior secondary schools (Classes 9-12, ages 14-17 years; including public and private) in SAS Nagar (Mohali), Punjab, India, randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to intervention or control groups, stratified by school location (urban/rural) and school type (government/private). Participants will be recruited by trained field investigators. Eligible participants are students aged 14-17 years enrolled in participating schools, with written parental consent and adolescent assent; students with serious health conditions or planned school transfer will be excluded. The intervention comprises e-modules (10-15 min each) on the Big-7 Behavioural Risk Determinants, delivered via classroom smartboards with facilitator support, over 8 weekly sessions. A pilot phase will be conducted in one school (approximately 100 adolescents) prior to full-scale implementation. Behavioural and biochemical assessments using standardised tools will be conducted at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months post-intervention. Safety monitoring includes adverse event reporting and referral for psychological support as needed. The planned sample size is 18,000 students (9000 per arm across 90 clusters each). The primary endpoint is the change in the 'Big-7 Behavioural Risk Determinants' at 12 months post-intervention, while secondary endpoints include intermediate behavioural changes, biochemical risk markers, and overall well-being. EXPECTED IMPACT: This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and potential effectiveness of school-based e-wellness interventions targeting multiple health behaviours simultaneously. If successful, findings may contribute to early NCD prevention strategies and inform policy development for adolescent health promotion programs in low- and middle-income countries. TRIAL REGISTRATION STATEMENT: Trial registration: Clinical Trials Registry of India (CTRI), CTRI/2025/01/079797. Registered on January 30, 2025. https://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/rmaindet.php?trialid=121397&EncHid=98502.11769&modid=1&compid=19 . First participant recruitment commenced on August 16, 2025. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Virk, Amrit AU - Virk A AD - Department of Community Medicine, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar State Institute of Medical Sciences, Mohali, Punjab, India. FAU - Lal, Dhruvendra AU - Lal D AD - Department of Community Medicine, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar State Institute of Medical Sciences, Mohali, Punjab, India. drdhruvlal@gmail.com. AD - Department of Paediatrics, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar State Institute of Medical Sciences, Mohali, Punjab, India. drdhruvlal@gmail.com. FAU - Sharma, Sahil AU - Sharma S AD - Department of Health and Family Welfare, Office of Directorate Health Services, Punjab, India. FAU - Goel, Ashish AU - Goel A AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar State Institute of Medical Sciences, Mohali, Punjab, India. FAU - Bhardwaj, Anu AU - Bhardwaj A AD - Department of Community Medicine, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar State Institute of Medical Sciences, Mohali, Punjab, India. FAU - Nadda, Anuradha AU - Nadda A AD - Department of Community Medicine, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar State Institute of Medical Sciences, Mohali, Punjab, India. FAU - Kumar, Akshay AU - Kumar A AD - Department of Community Medicine, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar State Institute of Medical Sciences, Mohali, Punjab, India. FAU - Bharti, Bhavneet AU - Bharti B AD - Department of Health and Family Welfare, Office of Directorate Health Services, Punjab, India. FAU - Singh, Sukhbir AU - Singh S AD - Panjab University, Chandigarh, India. LA - eng PT - Clinical Trial Protocol PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260501 PL - England TA - Trials JT - Trials JID - 101263253 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Humans MH - *Adolescent Behavior MH - *Adolescent Health MH - Age Factors MH - Health Behavior MH - Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MH - Healthy Lifestyle MH - India MH - Multicenter Studies as Topic MH - *Noncommunicable Diseases/prevention & control/epidemiology/psychology MH - Research Design MH - Risk Factors MH - *Risk Reduction Behavior MH - *School Health Services MH - Time Factors MH - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic PMC - PMC13277109 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescents OT - Behaviour change OT - Lifestyle OT - Non-communicable diseases OT - Primary prevention OT - Risk determinants OT - School-based intervention COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate 30: The study has been approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee at Dr B.R. Ambedkar State Institute of Medical Sciences, Mohali (No. AIMS/IEC-HR/2025/01, dated January 2, 2025) and prospectively registered with the Clinical Trials Registry of India (CTRI/2025/01/079797, dated January 30, 2025). Before enrolment, written parental consent and adolescent assent will be obtained by research staff. Study aims and procedures will be explained in age-appropriate language. All assessments will be conducted in private, with female students examined in the presence of another female staff member. Participants will be assigned unique IDs to ensure confidentiality, and data will be stored securely on password-protected systems accessible only to authorised study personnel. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests 7b: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/01 06:34 MHDA- 2026/06/18 06:32 PMCR- 2026/05/01 CRDT- 2026/05/01 00:59 PHST- 2025/11/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/18 06:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/01 06:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/01 00:59 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s13063-026-09724-1 [pii] AID - 9724 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s13063-026-09724-1 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Trials. 2026 May 1;27(1):448. doi: 10.1186/s13063-026-09724-1. PMID- 42063118 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260619 LR - 20260813 IS - 1742-4755 (Electronic) IS - 1742-4755 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 30 TI - Protocol of the Temporality, Eating and Metabolic health during PreconceptiOn (TEMPO) study in females with overweight and obesity: a prospective observational cohort nested within a preconception lifestyle intervention program. LID - 10.1186/s12978-026-02347-4 [doi] LID - 123 AB - INTRODUCTION: Human reproduction is tightly regulated by circadian and metabolic signals. However, the extent to which alterations in these systems affect fertility, especially in females with overweight or obesity who are at increased risk of infertility, remains poorly understood. This study, nested within the Healthy Early Life Moments in Singapore (HELMS) integrated lifestyle intervention program, aims to: (i) examine the associations between changes in circadian behavior and metabolic health indicators over a 3-month period and subsequent reproductive outcomes during a year of conception attempts, (ii) identify risk factors associated with these changes, and (iii) elucidate the biological mechanisms underpinning these relationships in females attempting to conceive. METHODS: This prospective observational cohort study will enroll 283 females with a BMI of 25-40 kg/m(2) participating in the HELMS program at KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore. Participants will be followed for one year as they attempt to conceive. At baseline and at the 3-month mark, circadian behavior will be assessed using validated questionnaires, tracking diaries, and digital wearables. Metabolic health will be evaluated through anthropometry, body fat composition, a metabolic syndrome score, and an insulin resistance index. Blood samples will be collected to analyze metabolic biomarkers and gene expression levels. We will use modified Poisson regression models to examine associations with the clinical pregnancy rate (primary outcome) and discrete-time proportional hazards models to estimate associations with fecundability (secondary outcome) within one year of conception attempts. DISCUSSION: This study is pivotal for identifying potential novel modifiable risk factors to address low fertility rates. Insights from this research will generate hypotheses for interventions designed to enhance preconception care. By screening and managing circadian behaviors and metabolic profiles among females with overweight and obesity, these strategies may benefit those experiencing unexplained infertility. Ultimately, this approach could foster a shift towards a more holistic and patient-centered model of reproductive healthcare. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Loy, See Ling AU - Loy SL AD - Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, 229899, Singapore. loyseeling@duke-nus.edu.sg. AD - Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore. loyseeling@duke-nus.edu.sg. AD - SingHealth Duke-NUS Maternal and Child Health Research Institute, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore. loyseeling@duke-nus.edu.sg. FAU - Ku, Chee Wai AU - Ku CW AD - Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, 229899, Singapore. AD - Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore. AD - SingHealth Duke-NUS Maternal and Child Health Research Institute, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Pek, Jun Wei AU - Pek JW AD - Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Cheung, Yin Bun AU - Cheung YB AD - Program in Health Services & Systems Research and Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Tampere Centre for Child, Adolescent and Maternal Health Research, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland. FAU - Leow, Melvin Khee Shing AU - Leow MKS AD - Endocrinology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Institute for Human Development and Potential, Singapore Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore. AD - Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Cheng, Tuck Seng AU - Cheng TS AD - National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom. FAU - Chong, Mary Foong-Fong AU - Chong MF AD - Institute for Human Development and Potential, Singapore Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore. AD - Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Godfrey, Keith M AU - Godfrey KM AD - Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom. AD - National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom. FAU - Yap, Fabian AU - Yap F AD - Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore. AD - SingHealth Duke-NUS Maternal and Child Health Research Institute, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Endocrinology Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Chan, Jerry Kok Yen AU - Chan JKY AD - Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, 229899, Singapore. AD - Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore. AD - SingHealth Duke-NUS Maternal and Child Health Research Institute, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore. LA - eng GR - MOH-001537-01/National Medical Research Council/ PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260430 PL - England TA - Reprod Health JT - Reproductive health JID - 101224380 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Prospective Studies MH - *Obesity/complications/physiopathology MH - *Preconception Care/methods MH - *Overweight/complications/physiopathology MH - Pregnancy MH - Adult MH - Singapore MH - Life Style MH - Circadian Rhythm MH - Body Mass Index PMC - PMC13281643 OAB - Human reproduction is shaped by the body's internal clock and metabolism, but it is not yet clear how changes in these systems affect fertility, particularly in women with overweight or obesity, who are at higher risk of infertility. This study, part of the Healthy Early Life Moments in Singapore (HELMS) program, aims to better understand these links. A total of 283 women with a body mass index between 25 and 40 kg/m(2) will be recruited at KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, and followed for one year while trying to conceive. At baseline and 3-month follow-up, participants' daily routines, including the timing of eating and sleep, will be recorded using questionnaires, diaries, and wearable devices. Their metabolic health will be assessed through body fat, waist size, blood sugar control, and blood tests for biomarkers and gene activity. Researchers will analyze how changes in these patterns relate to the chances of becoming pregnant and the time it takes to conceive. This work is important because it may reveal lifestyle and health factors that can be modified to improve fertility. The findings will help shape new approaches to support women before pregnancy. By addressing daily routines such as meal timing and sleep, alongside metabolic health, this study may offer practical strategies for women struggling to conceive without a clear medical cause identified through standard reproductive investigations. In the long run, this approach could lead to more personalized and supportive fertility care that looks beyond medical treatment to the whole person. OABL- eng OTO - NOTNLM OT - Behavior OT - Chronobiology OT - Chrononutrition OT - Clock gene OT - Female reproductive health OT - Meal timing OT - Preconception OT - Sleep COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The HELMS trial was registered at clinicaltrial.gov NCT 05207059 on January 26, 2022. The Centralized Institutional Review Board of SingHealth (2021/2247) approved both the initial HELMS protocol and additional data collection for this TEMPO study. The study is conducted in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent is obtained from all participants before they are included in the study. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: Dr Godfrey reported being part of an academic consortium that received research funding from Bayer, BenevolentAI Bio Ltd, Nestec, and Danone outside the submitted work. No other disclosures were reported. EDAT- 2026/05/01 06:34 MHDA- 2026/06/19 06:33 PMCR- 2026/04/30 CRDT- 2026/05/01 00:56 PHST- 2025/09/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/19 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/01 06:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/01 00:56 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12978-026-02347-4 [pii] AID - 2347 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12978-026-02347-4 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Reprod Health. 2026 Apr 30;23(1):123. doi: 10.1186/s12978-026-02347-4. PMID- 42062960 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260619 LR - 20260813 IS - 1471-2431 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2431 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 30 TI - IL-33 associates with type 2 burden and lung function in paediatric asthma, alongside exploratory IL-33-linked lipid changes. LID - 10.1186/s12887-026-06947-8 [doi] LID - 578 AB - BACKGROUND: Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is an epithelial alarmin positioned upstream of type 2 (T2) inflammation, yet its clinical correlates and systemic molecular context in paediatric asthma remain incompletely defined. We investigated whether circulating IL-33 is associated with objective disease-burden measures and whether IL-33 elevation co-occurs with exploratory plasma lipid differences. METHODS: In a paediatric case-control cohort (August 2023-June 2025; asthma n = 60, controls n = 60), plasma IL-33 was quantified by ELISA and related to spirometry (FEV1, FEV1/FVC, PEF) and T2 markers (blood eosinophils, total IgE, FeNO). Associations were assessed using correlation analyses and multivariable linear regression treating IL-33 as a continuous exposure (mean-centred ln[IL-33]) with adjustment for age, sex, BMI, and group, plus an Age x IL-33 interaction. ROC analyses were used to describe case-control discrimination within the cohort. Untargeted plasma lipidomics was performed in an exploratory discovery subset (asthma n = 8, controls n = 8) to define differential lipids, IL-33-anchored lipid patterns, and an exploratory six-lipid IL-33-linked score; score-trait associations were evaluated as exploratory analyses with group residualization. RESULTS: Compared with controls, children with asthma showed worse lung function and higher T2 burden (all P < 0.001), alongside higher IL-33 (107.1 +/- 38.5 vs. 52.4 +/- 21.6 pg/mL; P < 0.001). Across the cohort, IL-33 correlated inversely with lung function (FEV1 r = - 0.652; FEV1/FVC r = - 0.585; PEF r = - 0.683; all P < 0.001) and positively with T2 markers (eosinophils r = 0.534; IgE r = 0.583; FeNO r = 0.622; all P < 0.001). In multivariable models, ln(IL-33) remained significantly associated with each outcome after adjustment for age, sex, BMI, and group status, whereas the Age x IL-33 interaction was not significant (all P > 0.05). IL-33 showed case-control discrimination within the cohort (AUC 0.92; cut-off 75.4 pg/mL). In the exploratory lipidomics subset, PCA suggested group separation, although this should be interpreted cautiously given the small sample size. Differential lipids were dominated by glycerophospholipids (66.67%), followed by sphingolipids (18.1%). Exploratory IL-33-anchored analyses identified provisional glycerophospholipid/cardiolipin-positive and sphingomyelin-negative lipid patterns. The exploratory IL-33-linked lipid score showed high apparent discrimination within the discovery subset (AUC 0.96; LOOCV AUC 0.97) and, after group residualization, remained directionally associated with lung function and T2 markers. CONCLUSION: In this paediatric case-control cohort, circulating IL-33 was elevated in children with asthma and was significantly associated with objective airflow limitation and systemic type 2 inflammatory burden. Higher IL-33 levels also co-occurred with exploratory plasma lipid differences. These findings should be interpreted as adjusted associations observed within a cross-sectional case-control design and require longitudinal and external validation before any broader biomarker or clinical application can be considered. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Yu, Yingtan AU - Yu Y AD - Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 1000 Hefeng Road, Binhu District, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P.R. China. FAU - Liu, Wanying AU - Liu W AD - Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 1000 Hefeng Road, Binhu District, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P.R. China. FAU - Li, Xinxu AU - Li X AD - Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 1000 Hefeng Road, Binhu District, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P.R. China. FAU - Chang, Tianzhi AU - Chang T AD - Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Tong, Xiao AU - Tong X AD - Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China. 9862018033@jiangnan.edu.cn. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 1000 Hefeng Road, Binhu District, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P.R. China. 9862018033@jiangnan.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260430 PL - England TA - BMC Pediatr JT - BMC pediatrics JID - 100967804 RN - 0 (Interleukin-33) RN - 0 (IL33 protein, human) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Lipids) RN - 37341-29-0 (Immunoglobulin E) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Interleukin-33/blood MH - Child MH - Case-Control Studies MH - *Asthma/blood/physiopathology MH - Male MH - Female MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - *Lipids/blood MH - Adolescent MH - Immunoglobulin E/blood MH - Respiratory Function Tests MH - Lipidomics MH - Spirometry PMC - PMC13281470 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Glycerophospholipid remodelling OT - IL-33-lipid score OT - Interleukin-33 OT - Paediatric asthma COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University (approval number: LS2022112). The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and applicable local regulations. Written informed consent was obtained from the parents or legal guardians of all participants, and assent was obtained from children when appropriate. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/01 06:34 MHDA- 2026/06/19 06:32 PMCR- 2026/04/30 CRDT- 2026/05/01 00:47 PHST- 2026/02/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/19 06:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/01 06:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/01 00:47 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-06947-8 [pii] AID - 6947 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-06947-8 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pediatr. 2026 Apr 30;26(1):578. doi: 10.1186/s12887-026-06947-8. PMID- 42062818 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260813 IS - 1365-277X (Electronic) IS - 0952-3871 (Print) IS - 0952-3871 (Linking) VI - 39 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Nutrition Literacy, Hydration Awareness and Food Label Use in School Populations: A Cross-Sectional Study of Students and Teachers Across European Contexts. PG - e70258 LID - 10.1111/jhn.70258 [doi] LID - e70258 AB - BACKGROUND: Nutrition literacy is increasingly recognised as a key determinant of dietary behaviours and long-term public health outcomes. Schools represent strategic settings for strengthening nutrition literacy-related competencies, including hydration awareness and food label use, yet comparative. However, descriptive cross-country evidence across European school contexts remains limited. METHODS: A cross-sectional, school-based survey was conducted among 432 students (aged 11-16 years) and 108 teachers across five European contexts (Italy, Germany, Cyprus, Serbia and Guadeloupe [France]). Culturally adapted questionnaires developed within the Erasmus+ GARDENS project assessed predefined domains of nutrition knowledge (food groups, macronutrient functions, fibre, vitamins and minerals), hydration awareness, food label use and selected sustainability-related concepts. Knowledge items were coded dichotomously (correct/incorrect), and behavioural indicators were analysed descriptively. Cross-country comparisons were exploratory. RESULTS: Teachers in Germany and Italy reported higher levels of hydration awareness (> 90%) and food label use (>/= 75%), whereas lower self-reported food label literacy was observed in Guadeloupe (48%). Among students, incorrect responses to nutrient-function items (defined as misconceptions) were observed in 40% of the overall sample, with higher proportions in Guadeloupe and Serbia. Cross-country variability was present across all assessed domains. CONCLUSIONS: Marked substantial descriptive differences in nutrition literacy knowledge, hydration awareness and food label use were observed across school populations in selected European contexts. These findings provide baseline public health evidence supporting the integration of nutrition literacy-particularly hydration and food labelling-into school-based health promotion strategies, with attention to equity and contextual factors. These findings provide baseline evidence to inform school-based health promotion strategies and highlight the relevance of contextual and equity-related considerations. Further research using validated instruments and inferential designs is warranted. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Dietetic Association. FAU - Coradduzza, Donatella AU - Coradduzza D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8978-0490 AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy. FAU - Boccuzzi, Giannagelo AU - Boccuzzi G AD - Mine Vaganti NGO, Sassari, Italy. FAU - Masi, Giancarlo AU - Masi G AD - Mine Vaganti NGO, Sassari, Italy. FAU - Porstner, Christian AU - Porstner C AD - NGO NEST Berlin e.V., Berlin, Germany. FAU - Dube, Raphael AU - Dube R AD - Universite des Antilles, Guadeloupe, France. FAU - Nikolaou, Nikolas AU - Nikolaou N AD - Department of Education, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus. FAU - Sedda, Stefania AU - Sedda S AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy. FAU - Merdovic, Maja AU - Merdovic M AD - Institute for Public Health of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia. FAU - Medici, Serenella AU - Medici S AD - Department of Chemical, Physical, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy. FAU - Carru, Ciriaco AU - Carru C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6985-4907 AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy. FAU - Solinas, Roberto AU - Solinas R AD - Mine Vaganti NGO, Sassari, Italy. FAU - Pirina, Maria Grazia AU - Pirina MG AD - Mine Vaganti NGO, Sassari, Italy. LA - eng GR - 2023-1-FR01-KA220-SCH-000160068/Erasmus+ Program/ PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - J Hum Nutr Diet JT - Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association JID - 8904840 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Food Labeling/statistics & numerical data MH - *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MH - Schools MH - *Health Literacy/statistics & numerical data MH - *Students/statistics & numerical data/psychology MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - Male MH - Female MH - Europe MH - *School Teachers/statistics & numerical data/psychology MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - European People MH - *Drinking MH - Serbia PMC - PMC13133250 OTO - NOTNLM OT - food labelling OT - health promotion OT - nutrition literacy, hydration OT - nutrition literacy, public health nutrition OT - school health OT - sustainability COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/01 06:34 MHDA- 2026/05/01 06:35 PMCR- 2026/05/01 CRDT- 2026/05/01 00:03 PHST- 2026/04/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/01/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/01 06:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/01 06:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/01 00:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JHN70258 [pii] AID - 10.1111/jhn.70258 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Hum Nutr Diet. 2026 Jun;39(3):e70258. doi: 10.1111/jhn.70258. PMID- 42062552 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260430 LR - 20260813 IS - 2730-664X (Electronic) IS - 2730-664X (Linking) VI - 6 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 30 TI - Measuring gross motor skills in African children using the PERF-FIT. LID - 10.1038/s43856-026-01592-9 [doi] LID - 258 AB - BACKGROUND: Africa is facing a rising prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), driven by shifts in lifestyle and dietary habits. Children with delays in motor coordination are less likely to participate in physical activity, active play, and sports, placing them at increased risk for obesity, reduced physical fitness, and cardiovascular diseases. Existing motor performance tests for school-aged children were not designed for African populations and lack culturally valid normative data. METHODS: As part of an African-led initiative, the PERFormance and FITness test battery (PERF-FIT) was developed to assess motor performance and motor skill-related physical fitness in children aged 6-12 years. The PERF-FIT test battery is open-source, contextually relevant, and tailored for low-resource settings. This study involved the collection of motor performance data from a large sample of African children to establish age- and sex-specific normative values. RESULTS: This study generates normative data for motor skills in African children aged 6-12 years (n = 2604), stratified by age and sex. These norms complement the previously validated psychometric properties of the PERF-FIT, confirming its reliability and applicability across diverse African contexts. CONCLUSIONS: The PERF-FIT test battery provides a culturally appropriate and psychometrically sound tool for assessing motor performance in African children. It serves as a valuable resource for clinicians, educators, and policymakers to monitor motor skill related physical fitness and detect motor delays in children aged 6-12 years in African countries. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Smits-Engelsman, Bouwien AU - Smits-Engelsman B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0632-3276 AD - Physical Activity, Sport and Recreation (PhASRec), Faculty Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa. bouwiensmits@hotmail.com. AD - Department of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. bouwiensmits@hotmail.com. FAU - Coetzee, Dane AU - Coetzee D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7166-8353 AD - Physical Activity, Sport and Recreation (PhASRec), Faculty Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa. FAU - Doe-Asinyo, Rosemary Xorlanyo AU - Doe-Asinyo RX AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1766-8173 AD - Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana. FAU - Ituen, Oluwakemi Adebukola AU - Ituen OA AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-2241-9205 AD - Department of Physiotherapy, University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Uyo, Akwa Ibom state, Nigeria. FAU - Farhat, Faical AU - Farhat F AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-7765-7944 AD - Research Laboratory 'NeuroPediatrie' (LR19ES15), Sfax Medical School, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia. AD - Research Laboratory: Education, Motricity, Sport and Health, EM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia. FAU - Melaku Dubale, Yabsra AU - Melaku Dubale Y AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-5251-7553 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Public Health, Health Institute, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia. AD - Rehabilitation Research Centre - REVAL, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium. FAU - Verbecque, Evi AU - Verbecque E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8116-1620 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Public Health, Health Institute, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260430 PL - England TA - Commun Med (Lond) JT - Communications medicine JID - 9918250414506676 PMC - PMC13133362 OAB - This study aimed to make a motor performance test that is suitable for African children aged 6 to 12 years. Many existing tests were developed in other regions and do not reflect the abilities or context of African children. Researchers of an African-led initiative developed the PERFormance and FITness test battery (PERF-FIT), which is free to use and designed for schools, clinics and healthcare workers in low-resource settings. The study describes how data were collected from 2604 children to create age- and sex-specific norms. These results help professionals understand what typical motor skills look like in African children. This tool can support early identification of children at risk for motor delays and health problems based on low motor fitness. OABL- eng COIS- Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/01 00:32 MHDA- 2026/05/01 00:33 PMCR- 2026/04/30 CRDT- 2026/04/30 23:28 PHST- 2025/06/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/01 00:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/01 00:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/30 23:28 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s43856-026-01592-9 [pii] AID - 1592 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s43856-026-01592-9 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Commun Med (Lond). 2026 Apr 30;6(1):258. doi: 10.1038/s43856-026-01592-9. PMID- 42062348 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260701 LR - 20260813 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 30 TI - Feasibility of forecasting self-injurious behavior among autistic youth using wearable sensors and machine learning models. LID - 10.1038/s41598-026-50079-z [doi] LID - 20203 AB - Self-injurious behavior (SIB) is a substantial clinical challenge for many individuals on the autism spectrum, and support strategies are often only reactive. Forecasting of SIB could enable timely support, especially using wearable sensors, but its feasibility is not well understood. We evaluated SIB forecasting using a previously collected dataset (n = 9) comprising motion and physiological data. We compared the performance of four machine learning models-Random Forest, AdaBoost.M2, Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), and a Double-Stacked LSTM-across five forecast horizons (3s to 120s) and three feature sets: Motion-Only (from accelerometers), Physiological-Only (e.g., heart rate, skin conductance), and Combined. Performance was measured with a range of metrics, using Leave-One-Subject-Out cross-validation. We found a significant main effect of forecast horizon on the Area Under the Precision-Recall Curve; performance rose from near-chance at short horizons to having median scores above chance at one minute or longer. While aggregated results showed no significant differences between models or feature sets, subject-level analysis suggested predictive feasibility and that the optimal model configuration were highly person-specific. Our findings demonstrate that forecasting using wearable sensor data is feasible, but the substantial performance variability highlights a critical need for person-specific approaches to enable the development of clinically useful, proactive support systems. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Kim, Sunwook AU - Kim S AD - Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA. sunwook@vt.edu. FAU - Cantin-Garside, Kristine D AU - Cantin-Garside KD AD - Global Digital Health Strategy, Johnson & Johnson, Raritan, NJ, USA. FAU - Nussbaum, Maury A AU - Nussbaum MA AD - Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260430 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Wearable Electronic Devices MH - *Self-Injurious Behavior/diagnosis MH - *Machine Learning MH - Feasibility Studies MH - Predictive Learning Models MH - Long Short Term Memory MH - *Autistic Disorder/complications MH - Forecasting/methods MH - Prediction Algorithms MH - Child MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - Random Forest MH - Boosting Machine Learning Algorithms PMC - PMC13323699 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Autism spectrum disorder OT - Biosensors OT - Challenging behavior OT - Neurodivergence OT - Preventive intervention OT - Remote monitoring COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/01 00:32 MHDA- 2026/07/02 00:34 PMCR- 2026/04/30 CRDT- 2026/04/30 23:21 PHST- 2025/09/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/02 00:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/01 00:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/30 23:21 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-50079-z [pii] AID - 50079 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-50079-z [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2026 Apr 30;16(1):20203. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-50079-z. PMID- 42061840 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260905 IS - 1929-0748 (Electronic) IS - 1929-0748 (Linking) VI - 15 DP - 2026 Apr 17 TI - Combining Digital Cognitive Behavioral Therapy With Mindfulness Training for Binge Eating Disorder: Protocol for a Feasibility Trial. PG - e91761 LID - 10.2196/91761 [doi] LID - e91761 AB - BACKGROUND: Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is the most effective treatment for binge eating disorder (BED) but is limited by modest efficacy and low reach of in-person delivery. Combining mindfulness training with CBT could enhance efficacy by targeting emotion dysregulation, a key factor in BED that CBT does not adequately target. Digital delivery can enhance the reach of treatment. Accordingly, we developed CBT-based Mindful Courage, a 16-session digital intervention combining CBT and mindfulness training for BED. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to conduct a pilot randomized controlled trial to evaluate the feasibility (intervention and assessment completion) and acceptability (usability, overall satisfaction, engagement, visual appeal of content, understandability of program content, desire to continue the program, perceived skill acquisition, perceived confidence in implementing skills, and perceived helpfulness) of CBT-based Mindful Courage. We will also evaluate changes in outcomes (binge eating frequency, eating disorder symptoms, clinical impairment, and depression symptoms) and mechanisms (emotion dysregulation, dietary overrestriction, and trait mindfulness). METHODS: This is a parallel-group, single-blinded, randomized controlled trial with a 1:1 allocation ratio. It will be conducted from November 2025 to November 2026, with study assessments at baseline, midtreatment, end-of-treatment, and 2-month follow-up. We will recruit a volunteer sample of adults with BED (N=40) aged 18 to 75 years via online advertisements. Exclusion criteria include a BMI <18.5, current anorexia or bulimia nervosa, and current treatment for BED or weight loss. Participants will be randomly allocated to an active control that includes coached self-monitoring (self-monitoring of food intake in Recovery Record and coaching calls by a research assistant) or to CBT-based Mindful Courage+coached self-monitoring. Both conditions will have a duration of 18 weeks. All study sessions will take place over Zoom. RESULTS: The study was funded in April 2023. Data collection began in November 2025, and we anticipate recruitment to be completed by November 2026. Results are expected to be analyzed by May 2027 and published by May 2028. CONCLUSIONS: This will be an important first step in creating a scalable and efficacious treatment for BED. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT07212673; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07212673. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/91761. CI - (c)Margaret Sala, Corey Roos, Dante Ascarrunz, Casey M Stern, Jonathan Bricker, Jonathan M Feldman, Cheri Levinson, Mihaela Aslan, Jennifer L Hay, Hedy Kober. Originally published in JMIR Research Protocols (https://www.researchprotocols.org), 17.04.2026. FAU - Sala, Margaret AU - Sala M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1560-649X AD - Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, United States. FAU - Roos, Corey AU - Roos C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0086-770X AD - Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States. FAU - Ascarrunz, Dante AU - Ascarrunz D AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-0641-456X AD - Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, United States. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States. FAU - Stern, Casey M AU - Stern CM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0127-8667 AD - Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, United States. FAU - Bricker, Jonathan AU - Bricker J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5694-8795 AD - Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutch Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States. AD - Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States. FAU - Feldman, Jonathan M AU - Feldman JM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7326-3026 AD - Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, United States. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States. FAU - Levinson, Cheri AU - Levinson C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2359-5206 AD - Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States. FAU - Aslan, Mihaela AU - Aslan M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5041-010X AD - Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States. AD - VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, United States. FAU - Hay, Jennifer L AU - Hay JL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3492-9331 AD - Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States. FAU - Kober, Hedy AU - Kober H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9893-1046 AD - Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT07212673 GR - K23 AT012126/AT/NCCIH NIH HHS/United States PT - Clinical Trial Protocol PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural DEP - 20260417 PL - Canada TA - JMIR Res Protoc JT - JMIR research protocols JID - 101599504 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Young Adult MH - *Binge-Eating Disorder/therapy/psychology MH - *Cognitive Behavioral Therapy/methods MH - Feasibility Studies MH - *Mindfulness/methods MH - Pilot Projects MH - Single-Blind Method MH - Treatment Outcome MH - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic PMC - PMC13135158 OTO - NOTNLM OT - binge eating disorder OT - cognitive behavioral therapy OT - digital OT - eating disorder OT - mindfulness-based intervention OT - mindfulness-based therapy COIS- Conflicts of Interest: None declared. EDAT- 2026/05/01 00:31 MHDA- 2026/05/01 00:32 PMCR- 2026/04/17 CRDT- 2026/04/30 19:53 PHST- 2026/01/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/01 00:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/01 00:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/30 19:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v15i1e91761 [pii] AID - 10.2196/91761 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JMIR Res Protoc. 2026 Apr 17;15:e91761. doi: 10.2196/91761. PMID- 42061554 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260613 LR - 20260829 IS - 1559-2030 (Electronic) IS - 1551-7144 (Linking) VI - 166 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Design of the FRESH-A study: A randomized controlled trial evaluating telehealth parent-only treatment for autistic youth with overweight/obesity. PG - 108330 LID - S1551-7144(26)00116-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.cct.2026.108330 [doi] AB - Autistic children have higher rates of overweight and obesity (OW/OB) compared to nonautistic children. Family-based behavioral treatment (FBT) is the standard of care for children with obesity and is delivered to both the parent and the child. Common autism characteristics, such as sensory sensitivities, social communication challenges, and behavioral rigidity, can limit the feasibility of providing FBT to both parent and child. Our team developed a parent-based treatment (PBT) model that is delivered only to the parent of an autistic child with OW/OB. Our published pilot data established the initial feasibility, acceptability and initial weight-loss efficacy of this program. This paper presents a protocol for an ongoing two-arm randomized controlled trial comparing the effect of a telehealth PBT program tailored for families with an autistic child (PBT-A) with a health education (HE) comparator on the child's weight over 18 months. We aim to recruit 150 families with an autistic child with OW/OB and randomize them to either six-months of telehealth PBT-A or HE treatment delivered to the parent only. The primary outcome is change in child body size, assessed by BMIz and percent of the 95th percentile, over the 18 months of the study. Secondary outcomes include parent BMI, dietary intake for both parent and child, child mealtime behavior, physical activity levels, parenting style, and parental self-efficacy. This ongoing study may provide a scalable, cost-effective intervention for families with an autistic child with OW/OB. Clinical trials # NCT05741840. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Boutelle, Kerri N AU - Boutelle KN AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Electronic address: kboutelle@health.ucsd.edu. FAU - Eichen, Dawn M AU - Eichen DM AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Martinez, Kassandra AU - Martinez K AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, 6363 Alvarado Court, Suite 103, San Diego, CA 92120, USA. FAU - Pinson, Claire K AU - Pinson CK AD - Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Public Health, 5500 Campanile Drive, Hardy Tower room 119, San Diego, CA 92182-4162, USA. FAU - Strong, David R AU - Strong DR AD - Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Reed, Kristie L AU - Reed KL AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Akshoomoff, Natacha AU - Akshoomoff N AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Rhee, Kyung E AU - Rhee KE AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Brookman-Frazee, Lauren AU - Brookman-Frazee L AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT05741840 GR - R01 HD106991/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States GR - UL1 TR001442/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States PT - Clinical Trial Protocol PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260428 PL - United States TA - Contemp Clin Trials JT - Contemporary clinical trials JID - 101242342 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Autistic Disorder/epidemiology/therapy/complications MH - Child MH - Telemedicine MH - *Pediatric Obesity/therapy/epidemiology MH - *Behavior Therapy/methods MH - *Parents/education MH - Male MH - Female MH - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic MH - Weight Loss MH - *Family Therapy/methods MH - Body Mass Index MH - Health Education/methods MH - Exercise OTO - NOTNLM OT - Autism OT - Child OT - Family-based behavioral treatment OT - Obesity OT - Parent OT - Parent-only OT - Telehealth OT - Weight loss COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/05/01 00:32 MHDA- 2026/06/15 11:33 CRDT- 2026/04/30 19:14 PHST- 2026/01/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/15 11:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/01 00:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/30 19:14 [entrez] AID - S1551-7144(26)00116-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.cct.2026.108330 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Contemp Clin Trials. 2026 Jul;166:108330. doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2026.108330. Epub 2026 Apr 28. PMID- 42061520 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260819 IS - 1573-2517 (Electronic) IS - 0165-0327 (Linking) VI - 408 DP - 2026 Sep 1 TI - Clinical utility of a quick and easy-to-use international tool for assessing and identifying impaired physical fitness in people with severe mental illness - The PsychiActive project. PG - 121898 LID - S0165-0327(26)00750-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jad.2026.121898 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Severe mental illness (SMI) is a leading cause of mortality, disability, and frailty, largely driven by physical multimorbidity. Physical fitness is a strong predictor of health outcomes, yet routine assessment is rarely implemented in SMI due to limited resources. Self-reported tools may offer a feasible alternative, although their validity and clinical utility remain unclear. This study evaluated the validity, reliability, and clinical utility of the International Fitness Scale (IFIS) in SMI. METHODS: In a multicenter cross-sectional study, 234 adults with SMI (18-65 years, 62 females) completed the IFIS and a battery of objective physical fitness tests. Convergent validity was assessed using ANOVA and ANCOVA. Test-retest reliability over two weeks was assessed using weighted kappa and percentage agreement. Clinical utility was evaluated using area under the curve, sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value. RESULTS: The IFIS effectively discriminated objective physical fitness across all domains and response categories in adults with severe mental illness (p < 0.005), with lower self-reported fitness consistently associated with poorer objective performance. Test-retest reliability was fair for the five-response scale (kappa = 0.22-0.32) and improved after category reduction (kappa = 0.26-0.50). The highest positive predictive value was observed for muscular strength (75%) and cardiorespiratory fitness (46%). The IFIS showed moderate discriminatory accuracy for cardiorespiratory fitness and flexibility (AUC = 0.64 for both domains). Mean completion time was 1.8 +/- 1.2 min. CONCLUSIONS: The IFIS is a valid, reliable, and time-efficient tool for identifying impaired physical fitness in adults with SMI. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Lopez-Moral, Alvaro AU - Lopez-Moral A AD - Physical Performance & Sports Research Center (CIRFD), Department of Sports and Computer Science, Section of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain; Department of Physical Education and Sport, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain. FAU - Munguia-Izquierdo, Diego AU - Munguia-Izquierdo D AD - Physical Performance & Sports Research Center (CIRFD), Department of Sports and Computer Science, Section of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain; Research Group in Development Movimiento Humano, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain. Electronic address: dmunizq@upo.es. FAU - Bueno-Antequera, Javier AU - Bueno-Antequera J AD - Physical Performance & Sports Research Center (CIRFD), Department of Sports and Computer Science, Section of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain; Research Group in Development Movimiento Humano, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study DEP - 20260429 PL - Netherlands TA - J Affect Disord JT - Journal of affective disorders JID - 7906073 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Physical Fitness/physiology/psychology MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Middle Aged MH - Adult MH - Male MH - *Mental Disorders/physiopathology MH - Adolescent MH - Aged MH - Young Adult MH - Sensitivity and Specificity MH - Self Report OTO - NOTNLM OT - Early detection OT - Fitness assessment OT - Functional impairment OT - Physical health screening OT - Psychiatric rehabilitation OT - Reliability OT - Validity COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/05/01 00:32 MHDA- 2026/05/13 00:29 CRDT- 2026/04/30 19:13 PHST- 2026/02/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/13 00:29 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/01 00:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/30 19:13 [entrez] AID - S0165-0327(26)00750-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jad.2026.121898 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Affect Disord. 2026 Sep 1;408:121898. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2026.121898. Epub 2026 Apr 29. PMID- 42060313 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260802 LR - 20260825 IS - 1521-0669 (Electronic) IS - 0888-0018 (Linking) VI - 43 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Feasibility and Validity of the 6-Minute Cycling Test in Childhood Cancer Patients. PG - 227-240 LID - 10.1080/08880018.2026.2661758 [doi] AB - The 6-min cycling test (6MCT), a submaximal endurance test, has not yet been applied in pediatric oncology. This study evaluates its feasibility and validity in 71 childhood cancer patients (9.6 +/- 4.0 years). For validation, 46 patients additionally underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). Performance in the 6MCT (total revolutions) was correlated with peak oxygen uptake (VO(2)(peak)) and peak work rate (WR(peak)) using Spearman's correlation. Linear regressions assessed the predictive value of VO(2)(peak) and WR(peak) on 6MCT performance. Sixty-six participants (93%) successfully completed the 6MCT, averaging 550 +/- 129 revolutions. Revolutions correlated moderately with VO(2)(peak) (rho = 0.46, p = 0.001) and strongly with WR(peak) (rho = 0.64, p < 0.001). VO(2)(peak) significantly predicted 6MCT performance (p = 0.001, R(2) = 0.214), whereas WR(peak) explained more variance (p < 0.001, R(2) = 0.488). The results demonstrate that the 6MCT is a feasible, valid endurance assessment in this population, offering a promising alternative when gold standard testing is not available. FAU - Wypyrsczyk, Lena AU - Wypyrsczyk L AD - Childhood Cancer Center Mainz, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany. AD - Department of Sports Medicine, Disease Prevention and Rehabilitation, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany. FAU - Kuhn, Mareike AU - Kuhn M AD - Childhood Cancer Center Mainz, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany. AD - Department of Sports Medicine, Disease Prevention and Rehabilitation, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany. FAU - Dreismickenbecker, Elias AU - Dreismickenbecker E AD - Childhood Cancer Center Mainz, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany. AD - Department of Sports Medicine, Disease Prevention and Rehabilitation, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany. FAU - Neu, Marie A AU - Neu MA AD - Childhood Cancer Center Mainz, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany. FAU - Diel, Heidi AU - Diel H AD - Childhood Cancer Center Mainz, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany. FAU - Faber, Joerg AU - Faber J AD - Childhood Cancer Center Mainz, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany. CN - FORTEe consortium LA - eng PT - Clinical Study PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260430 PL - England TA - Pediatr Hematol Oncol JT - Pediatric hematology and oncology JID - 8700164 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Exercise Test/methods MH - Feasibility Studies MH - *Neoplasms/physiopathology MH - *Oxygen Consumption MH - Physical Endurance MH - Child, Preschool OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cardiorespiratory fitness OT - childhood cancer OT - exercise oncology OT - exercise testing OT - validation study EDAT- 2026/04/30 12:35 MHDA- 2026/08/02 13:45 CRDT- 2026/04/30 11:44 PHST- 2026/08/02 13:45 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/30 12:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/30 11:44 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/08880018.2026.2661758 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2026 Aug;43(5):227-240. doi: 10.1080/08880018.2026.2661758. Epub 2026 Apr 30. PMID- 42059926 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261015 LR - 20261019 IS - 1432-198X (Electronic) IS - 0931-041X (Print) IS - 0931-041X (Linking) VI - 41 IP - 12 DP - 2026 Dec TI - Navigating the data-scarce landscape of pediatric hyperkalemia: a perspective on sodium zirconium cyclosilicate. PG - 4305-4310 LID - 10.1007/s00467-026-07333-3 [doi] AB - For decades, pediatric hyperkalemia has been managed largely with non-selective cation-exchange resins, despite limitations in tolerability, palatability, and gastrointestinal safety. This perspective reviews the role of sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (SZC) in children and places the pediatric evidence in the context of broader hyperkalemia management. Current pediatric SZC data remain sparse and are derived from a small retrospective cohort of children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 4-5/5D and an in vitro infant formula pretreatment study. Within those constraints, SZC was associated with potassium reduction in acute and chronic settings, favorable tolerability, stable serum sodium and blood pressure, and high acceptability, which is relevant in pediatrics, where palatability and adherence often determine effectiveness. The available literature also suggests practical pediatric applications, including age-based oral dosing and formula-pretreatment strategies, although no validated weight-based regimen has been established. Beyond potassium lowering, SZC may support a more individualized approach to potassium management in selected children, potentially reducing the need for broad dietary restriction and helping preserve renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitor therapy when hyperkalemia becomes a limiting factor. However, these broader clinical implications remain preliminary, largely observational, and partly extrapolated from adult data. Accordingly, SZC should not yet be viewed as an established pediatric practice standard, but rather as a promising adjunct for carefully selected patients in whom older resins are poorly tolerated or ongoing hyperkalemia compromises diet quality or cardiorenal therapy. Until prospective pediatric trials better define dosing, safety, and patient-centered outcomes, any off-label use should remain individualized and closely monitored. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Correa, Lucas Maciel de Almeida AU - Correa LMA AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-7247-4950 AD - Faculdade de Medicina de Sao Jose do Rio Preto (FAMERP), Avenida Brigadeiro Faria Lima, 5544, 15090-000, Sao Jose do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil. lucasmacielll@icloud.com. FAU - Santiago, Clara Belo Gamon AU - Santiago CBG AD - Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul (UEMS), Campo Grande, Brazil. FAU - Barbosa, Alexandre de Assis AU - Barbosa AA AD - Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul (UEMS), Campo Grande, Brazil. FAU - Brandao, Luiggi Kevin Virgino AU - Brandao LKV AD - Centro Universitario Uninorte (UNINORTE), Rio Branco, Brazil. FAU - Fernandes, Camilla Cristina Silva AU - Fernandes CCS AD - Universidade do Estado da Bahia (UNEB), Salvador, Brazil. FAU - Milan, Leticia Mantovani AU - Milan LM AD - Faculdade de Medicina de Sao Jose do Rio Preto (FAMERP), Avenida Brigadeiro Faria Lima, 5544, 15090-000, Sao Jose do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil. FAU - Carneiro, Paula Ramos AU - Carneiro PR AD - Faculdade de Medicina de Sao Jose do Rio Preto (FAMERP), Avenida Brigadeiro Faria Lima, 5544, 15090-000, Sao Jose do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260430 PL - Germany TA - Pediatr Nephrol JT - Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) JID - 8708728 RN - D652ZWF066 (sodium zirconium cyclosilicate) RN - 0 (Silicates) RN - RWP5GA015D (Potassium) RN - 0 (Cation Exchange Resins) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Hyperkalemia/drug therapy/etiology/blood MH - *Silicates/therapeutic use/administration & dosage/adverse effects MH - Child MH - Potassium/blood MH - *Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/complications/blood MH - Renin-Angiotensin System/drug effects MH - *Cation Exchange Resins/therapeutic use MH - Infant MH - Treatment Outcome PMC - PMC13672472 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Chronic kidney disease OT - Hyperkalemia OT - Pediatrics OT - Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors OT - Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval: Not applicable (review article). Consent to participate: Not applicable. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Conflict of interest: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/30 12:34 MHDA- 2026/10/15 23:30 PMCR- 2026/04/30 CRDT- 2026/04/30 11:03 PHST- 2026/02/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/10/15 23:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/30 12:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/30 11:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s00467-026-07333-3 [pii] AID - 7333 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00467-026-07333-3 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pediatr Nephrol. 2026 Dec;41(12):4305-4310. doi: 10.1007/s00467-026-07333-3. Epub 2026 Apr 30. PMID- 42057279 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260921 IS - 2162-3279 (Electronic) VI - 16 IP - 5 DP - 2026 May TI - Ecological Factors Associated With Psychological Distress Among Adolescents: The Role of Educational Stress, Peer Victimization, and Physical Activity. PG - e71450 LID - 10.1002/brb3.71450 [doi] LID - e71450 AB - BACKGROUND: Adolescent psychological distress is shaped by influences across educational, familial, peer, and behavioral domains, yet few studies in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) have examined these determinants within a unified theoretical framework. Guided by Bronfenbrenner's bioecological model, this study investigated ecological factors associated with psychological distress among Bangladeshi adolescents, with particular attention to educational stress, peer victimization, and physical activity. METHODS: A school-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among 501 higher secondary students in Bangladesh. Psychological distress was assessed using the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21, whereas educational stress, family relationship quality, peer relationships, and physical activity were measured using validated instruments. Hierarchical multiple linear regression models evaluated the incremental contribution of theoretically ordered factor blocks. Relative importance analysis (Lindeman-Merenda-Gold method) quantified each factor's proportional contribution to explained variance. Domain-specific regression models were conducted for depression, anxiety, and stress. Heteroskedasticity-consistent (HC3) robust standard errors were applied. RESULTS: The fully adjusted model explained 23.8% of the variance in overall psychological distress. Educational stress (B = 0.56, p < 0.001), female gender (B = 12.32, p < 0.001), and peer victimization (B = 2.07, p < 0.001) were positively associated with distress, whereas physical activity was inversely associated (B = -0.91, p = 0.004). Relative importance analysis indicated that educational stress (20.4%), gender (17.7%), peer victimization (16.8%), and physical activity (15.9%) accounted for the largest proportions of explained variance. Similar patterns were observed across depression, anxiety, and stress subscales. CONCLUSIONS: Psychological distress among Bangladeshi adolescents is associated with the combined influence of academic pressure, peer victimization, gender-related vulnerability, and behavioral health factors. Interventions that address educational stress and peer safety while promoting physical activity may help inform a coordinated and contextually grounded strategy for adolescent mental health prevention in Bangladesh and similar LMIC settings. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Brain and Behavior published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Al-Mamun, Firoj AU - Al-Mamun F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4611-9624 AD - CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh. AD - Department of Public Health, University of South Asia, Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Nodi, Tasmin Sayeed AU - Nodi TS AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-3561-4224 AD - CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Abdullah, Abu Hasnat AU - Abdullah AH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7375-6085 AD - CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh. AD - Department of Public Health, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Hossain, Susmita AU - Hossain S AD - CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh. AD - Bangladesh Dental College, Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Hasan, Md Mehedee AU - Hasan MM AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-3683-3762 AD - CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Malakar, Jyotie AU - Malakar J AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-3171-0039 AD - CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh. AD - Department of Maternal and Child Health, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Abdelall, Maysa Mohamed Rabea AU - Abdelall MMR AD - Department of Physical Sport Sciences, College of Sport Sciences and Physical Activity Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh. FAU - Mamun, Mohammed A AU - Mamun MA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1728-8966 AD - CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh. AD - Department of Public Health, University of South Asia, Dhaka, Bangladesh. LA - eng GR - PNURSP2026R802/Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting/ PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Brain Behav JT - Brain and behavior JID - 101570837 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - *Peer Group MH - Male MH - *Crime Victims/psychology MH - Bangladesh MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Stress, Psychological/psychology MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - *Psychological Distress MH - Students/psychology MH - Anxiety/psychology MH - Depression/psychology MH - *Bullying/psychology PMC - PMC13128966 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescent mental health OT - ecological model OT - educational stress OT - peer victimization OT - physical activity OT - psychological distress COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/30 06:34 MHDA- 2026/04/30 06:35 PMCR- 2026/04/29 CRDT- 2026/04/30 00:34 PHST- 2026/03/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/30 06:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/30 06:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/30 00:34 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - BRB371450 [pii] AID - 10.1002/brb3.71450 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Brain Behav. 2026 May;16(5):e71450. doi: 10.1002/brb3.71450. PMID- 42057239 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260627 LR - 20260813 IS - 2055-0928 (Electronic) IS - 2055-0928 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 29 TI - Unraveling the Diet-Learning Nexus: a cross-sectional deep dive into Iranian adolescents' nutrient patterns and learning difficulties. LID - 10.1186/s40795-026-01338-9 [doi] LID - 115 AB - BACKGROUND: learning difficulties (LDs), which encompass deficits in academic achievement and cognitive processing, are associated with significant functional challenges. Research indicates that dietary patterns and nutrient intake represent environmental factors that may exert influence on the phenotypic expression or trajectory of such neurodevelopmental disorders. This study examined the association between nutrient patterns and LDs in school-aged adolescents in Iran. METHODS: A cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was conducted from March to June 2024 in four secondary schools (two all-female and two all-male) in Jahrom, Iran. A total of 455 male and female adolescents aged 14 to 18 years participated. Adolescents with pre-existing medical conditions (cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, hepatic or renal disease), those following specific dietary regimens, or with incomplete data were excluded. LDs were assessed using the Colorado Learning Difficulties Questionnaire (CLDQ). Dietary intake was assessed via a validated 168-item Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Seven nutrient patterns (NP) were identified through factor analysis. Anthropometric measurements and socioeconomic variables were also collected. Higher scores of CLDS reflect greater LDs. RESULTS: Adolescents were classified into tertiles based on CLDS. The first tertile of NPs and CLDS was considered as a reference. Moderate adherence to NP4, characterized by higher glutamine and lower glucose, fructose, vitamins C, A, and E, and potassium, was associated with increased odds of being in the highest CLDS tertile in the fully adjusted model (OR 2.50; 95% CI 1.32-4.71). High adherence to NP7, characterized by lower intake of sodium, MUFA, and vitamin D, was associated with lower odds of being in the highest CLDS tertile in the full adjusted model (OR 0.48; 95% CI 0.25-0.91). CONCLUSION: Adherence to a low antioxidant and glucose-content NP diet characterized by higher glutamine and lower intakes of glucose, fructose, vitamins C, A, and E, and potassium was positively associated with LDs in Iranian adolescents. Additionally, high adherence to a low-sodium diet was associated with lower odds of being in the highest CLDS tertile. FAU - Rahmanian, Reza AU - Rahmanian R AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-0125-5096 AD - Student research committee, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. FAU - Razeghi-Pirbasti, Ali AU - Razeghi-Pirbasti A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-7237-5784 AD - Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Shaygantabar, Mohsen AU - Shaygantabar M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-5483-9495 AD - Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Bahreini-Boroujeni, Leyli Zahra AU - Bahreini-Boroujeni LZ AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-3898-051X AD - Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Jowshan, Mohammad-Reza AU - Jowshan MR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8603-5674 AD - Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. mr.jowshan@gmail.com. AD - Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. mr.jowshan@gmail.com. AD - School of Paramedical, Gerash University of Medical Sciences, Gerash, Iran. mr.jowshan@gmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260429 PL - England TA - BMC Nutr JT - BMC nutrition JID - 101672434 PMC - PMC13274175 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cognitive Function OT - Dietary pattern OT - Learning Difficulties OT - Nutrition COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The research was approved by the Ethics Committee of the National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran (IR.SBMU.NNFTRI.REC.1403.016). The study adheres to the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. For participants under 16 years of age, informed consent was also obtained from their parents or legal guardians before enrollment. All personal information about participants will be kept secure in a database. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/30 06:34 MHDA- 2026/04/30 06:35 PMCR- 2026/04/29 CRDT- 2026/04/30 00:33 PHST- 2026/01/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/30 06:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/30 06:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/30 00:33 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s40795-026-01338-9 [pii] AID - 1338 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s40795-026-01338-9 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Nutr. 2026 Apr 29;12(1):115. doi: 10.1186/s40795-026-01338-9. PMID- 42056320 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260616 LR - 20260813 IS - 1590-1262 (Electronic) IS - 1124-4909 (Print) IS - 1124-4909 (Linking) VI - 31 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 29 TI - Psychobehavioral profiles of eating risk: schema-emotion regulation patterns differ in central adiposity with genotype (FTO rs9939609) as external validator-a pilot study. LID - 10.1007/s40519-026-01853-5 [doi] LID - 57 AB - PURPOSE: To identify person-centered psychological profiles of eating-related risk based on early maladaptive schemas (EMS), emotion regulation difficulties, and eating behaviors, and to examine their external validation using anthropometric indices (BMI, waist circumference, WC) and the FTO rs9939609 genotype. METHODS: Fifty women aged 18-35 years (approximately balanced between normal weight and overweight/obese groups) completed the YSQ-S3, DERS-36, and QERB. Standardized variables were clustered with k-means (k = 2-4); the optimal solution was selected via silhouette and BIC with stability checks. BMI and WC were used for external validation; FTO rs9939609 (AA/AT/TT) was examined using chi(2)/Fisher's tests. RESULTS: A two-cluster solution best fit the data. Cluster 1 (n = 23) showed higher EMS, greater emotion dysregulation, and higher emotional/habitual overeating, alongside higher restraint, whereas Cluster 2 (n = 27) showed a consistently lower-risk profile. Cluster 1 presented higher WC (M = 92.74 cm, SD = 12.86) and BMI (M = 30.44, SD = 5.18) than Cluster 2 (WC: M = 75.19 cm, SD = 18.60; BMI: M = 22.65, SD = 4.15); differences were significant in parametric and nonparametric tests (all p < 0.001; Hedges' g = 1.07-1.65). The FTO genotype distribution did not differ between clusters (chi(2)(2) = 0.33, p = 0.848). CONCLUSIONS: Distinct schema-emotion regulation profiles may be observable in young women and appear to align with central adiposity and BMI. While FTO rs9939609 did not differentiate clusters, person-centered profiling may help inform hypothesis generation regarding schema- and regulation-focused strategies in weight-related risk, with potential relevance for both clinical and educational contexts. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III, observational analytic (cross-sectional) study. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Obara-Golebiowska, Malgorzata AU - Obara-Golebiowska M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0057-4365 AD - Department of Clinical, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Ul. Dybowskiego 13, 10-723, Olsztyn, Poland. m.obara-golebiowska@uwm.edu.pl. LA - eng GR - (Miniatura; DEC-2019/03/X/HS6/00204)./National Science Center, Poland/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260429 PL - Germany TA - Eat Weight Disord JT - Eating and weight disorders : EWD JID - 9707113 RN - EC 1.14.11.33 (Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO) RN - EC 1.14.11.33 (FTO protein, human) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO/genetics MH - Pilot Projects MH - Young Adult MH - Adult MH - Genotype MH - Adolescent MH - *Emotional Regulation/physiology MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology/physiology MH - Body Mass Index MH - Adiposity/genetics MH - Waist Circumference MH - *Obesity, Abdominal/genetics/psychology PMC - PMC13269516 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Central adiposity OT - Cluster analysis OT - Early maladaptive schemas OT - Eating behavior OT - Emotion regulation OT - Health education COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Approved by the Ethics Committee for Scientific Research at the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland (Decision No. 3/2019); the procedures adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interest: The authors declare no competing interest. EDAT- 2026/04/30 00:31 MHDA- 2026/06/16 06:35 PMCR- 2026/04/29 CRDT- 2026/04/29 23:25 PHST- 2025/10/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/16 06:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/30 00:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/29 23:25 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s40519-026-01853-5 [pii] AID - 1853 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s40519-026-01853-5 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Eat Weight Disord. 2026 Apr 29;31(1):57. doi: 10.1007/s40519-026-01853-5. PMID- 42055614 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260813 IS - 2044-6055 (Electronic) IS - 2044-6055 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Apr 29 TI - Prevent 6:1 trial: pI rotocol for a feasibility trial of a 6:1 intermittent diet for weight gain prevention in women at increased risk of breast cancer. PG - e113204 LID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2025-113204 [doi] LID - e113204 AB - INTRODUCTION: Weight gain in adulthood is a common potentially modifiable breast cancer risk factor. Intermittent 5:2 diets (two low-calorie days/week) have proven efficacy for weight loss among people with overweight or obesity and can promote sustained awareness and mindfulness of diet choice and help appetite control.This trial aims to test whether a less intensive 6:1 intermittent diet programme (one low-calorie day/week) is a feasible intervention to promote healthy eating and prevent weight gain in women at increased risk of breast cancer. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Single arm prospective feasibility trial in 30 healthy weight women aged 18-40 years, at moderate or high risk of breast cancer (>/=17% lifetime risk and/or >/=3% 10 year risk at 40 years), body mass index 20-25 kg/m(2). Participants will be entered to a 16-week 6:1 diet programme involving 1 day consuming 1000 kcal and healthy eating for 6 days a week. Participants will also be advised to meet physical activity recommendations for health (>/=150 min of moderate intensity physical activity/week and resistance exercise two times per week). The programme will be supported remotely by dietitian calls at baseline, week 1, 4, 8, 12 and 16. Participants will also be provided access to a trial-specific private monitored Facebook group which includes information and the opportunity for peer support.Co-primary outcomes are: (a) uptake to the trial, (b) retention rate, (c) adherence to the 6:1 diet and (d) participant feedback on acceptability of the programme. Secondary outcomes include characteristics of those recruited and completing the programme and a preliminary evaluation of benefits and harms. This includes changes in body weight and body composition (bioelectrical impedance), diet quality, physical activity, binge eating, sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), menstrual cycle length and potentially diet-related adverse events, that is, fatigue, constipation, dizziness, headache, indigestion. Exploratory outcomes include the impact of low-calorie days on dietary intake and physical activity across the week and any differences in adherence to the low calorie days across the menstrual cycle. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This trial has been approved by South Central-Berkshire B Research Ethics committee (rec reference 24/SC/0321). Findings will be disseminated via peer-reviewed journals, national and international cancer prevention and obesity conferences and cancer prevention charitable bodies. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ISRCTN14330469. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ Group. FAU - Kinsey, Laura AU - Kinsey L AD - Manchester Adult Cystic Fibrosis Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK. AD - The Prevent Breast Cancer Research Unit, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK. FAU - French, David AU - French D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7663-7804 AD - Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, Manchester, UK. FAU - Howell, Sacha AU - Howell S AD - The Prevent Breast Cancer Research Unit, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK. AD - Division of Cancer Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. FAU - Gill, Jason AU - Gill J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3615-0986 AD - BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK. FAU - Lombardelli, Cheryl AU - Lombardelli C AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-8919-9493 AD - The Prevent Breast Cancer Research Unit, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK. FAU - Haiba, Mai AU - Haiba M AD - The Prevent Breast Cancer Research Unit, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK. AD - Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK. FAU - Barrett, Emma AU - Barrett E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3882-7199 AD - Department of Medical Statistics, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK. FAU - Jones, Natasha AU - Jones N AD - Research and Innovation, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK. FAU - Wisely, Julie AU - Wisely J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1698-5014 AD - Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK. FAU - Harvie, Michelle AU - Harvie M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9761-3089 AD - The Prevent Breast Cancer Research Unit, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK Michelle.Harvie@manchester.ac.uk. AD - Division of Cancer Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. AD - Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260429 PL - England TA - BMJ Open JT - BMJ open JID - 101552874 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Feasibility Studies MH - *Breast Neoplasms/prevention & control MH - Adult MH - *Weight Gain MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Prospective Studies MH - *Obesity/diet therapy MH - Body Mass Index MH - Exercise MH - Risk Factors MH - Overweight MH - *Diet, Healthy PMC - PMC13140951 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Breast tumours OT - Fasting OT - NUTRITION & DIETETICS OT - Overweight OT - Primary Prevention OT - Weight Gain COIS- Competing interests: MHar has coauthored three self-help books for the public to follow intermittent diets. All author proceeds are paid directly to the charity Prevent Breast Cancer (registered charity number 1109839) to fund breast cancer research. EDAT- 2026/04/30 00:30 MHDA- 2026/04/30 00:31 PMCR- 2026/04/29 CRDT- 2026/04/29 20:53 PHST- 2026/04/30 00:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/30 00:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/29 20:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjopen-2025-113204 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2025-113204 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Open. 2026 Apr 29;16(4):e113204. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2025-113204. PMID- 42054769 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260715 IS - 1286-0115 (Print) IS - 1286-0115 (Linking) VI - 110 IP - 369 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Unveiling the uncertainty: Cytomorphometric parameters in oral exfoliated cells falter in precise age estimation. PG - 101121 LID - S1286-0115(26)00018-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.morpho.2026.101121 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Age estimation is vital in forensic odontology, with exfoliative cytology and cytomorphometry emerging as promising non-invasive techniques. This study evaluates the accuracy of cytomorphometric parameters like nuclear perimeter (NP), cell perimeter (CP), and NP:CP ratio, in estimating age and gender across various age groups. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study involved 120 participants (60 males and 60 females) divided into six age groups (10-20, 21-30, 31-40, 41-50, 51-60, >/=61 years). Exfoliative cytology was performed to collect buccal mucosal cells, stained with Papanicolaou stain and analyzed for NP, CP, and NP:CP ratio in 50 cells per smear at 400xmagnification. Statistical analysis was conducted. RESULTS: A significant decline in mean NP and CP values was observed with increasing age, while NP:CP ratio showed a slight increase in those aged >/=61 years. On intergroup comparisons, notable differences were seen between juvenile/early adulthood and middle/older adulthood groups. Regression analysis showed CP had the highest age prediction accuracy (31.7%), with a combined model improving accuracy to only 35.8%. Logistic regression using NP and CP achieved 90% predictive accuracy in distinguishing juvenile from older adulthood, with CP as the primary predictor. No significant gender differences were found, except for NCR, which was higher in females. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that the cytomorphometric evaluation (NP, CP, NP:CP ratio) of exfoliated buccal mucosal cells is not a potent tool for age estimation due to its moderate predictive accuracy. While it excels in distinguishing between distinctly separated age groups, its precision falters in closely adjacent groups, rendering it of limited forensic relevance. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. FAU - Keerthika, R AU - Keerthika R AD - Faculty of Dental Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India. Electronic address: keerthikarajseetha1@gmail.com. FAU - Chandra, A AU - Chandra A AD - Faculty of Dental Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India. Electronic address: drakhilesh33@gmail.com. FAU - Agarwal, R AU - Agarwal R AD - Faculty of Dental Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India. Electronic address: rvs456@gmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260428 PL - France TA - Morphologie JT - Morphologie : bulletin de l'Association des anatomistes JID - 9814314 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Mouth Mucosa/cytology MH - Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Middle Aged MH - Young Adult MH - Child MH - Aged MH - *Age Determination by Teeth/methods MH - Age Factors MH - *Forensic Dentistry/methods MH - Papanicolaou Test MH - Cell Nucleus OTO - NOTNLM OT - Age estimation OT - Cytometrics OT - Exfoliative cytology OT - Forensic odontology OT - Gender determination COIS- Disclosure of interest The author declares that he has no competing interest. EDAT- 2026/04/30 00:30 MHDA- 2026/05/31 05:33 CRDT- 2026/04/29 18:02 PHST- 2025/12/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/31 05:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/30 00:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/29 18:02 [entrez] AID - S1286-0115(26)00018-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.morpho.2026.101121 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Morphologie. 2026 Jun;110(369):101121. doi: 10.1016/j.morpho.2026.101121. Epub 2026 Apr 28. PMID- 42054672 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260429 LR - 20260813 IS - 2291-9279 (Print) IS - 2291-9279 (Electronic) VI - 14 DP - 2026 Apr 29 TI - User Experience of a Virtual Reality-Based Treadmill for Children With a Chronic Disease Affecting Physical Health: Cross-Sectional Feasibility Study. PG - e82953 LID - 10.2196/82953 [doi] LID - e82953 AB - BACKGROUND: For children with chronic conditions affecting physical health and who require long-term care, the use of a connected treadmill for gait training as part of a home program can be a way to promote motivation in rehabilitation. Furthermore, the device must be evaluated by all user groups to ensure that its development best meets the rehabilitation needs of children. OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to assess the user experience of a connected treadmill called Amy-with both immersive and nonimmersive virtual reality-among children with a chronic disease impacting physical health, as well as their parents and therapists, to explore the feasibility and potential of such a device for home-based rehabilitation in this population. METHODS: Children with cerebral palsy, neuromuscular diseases, or obesity, along with one of their parents and rehabilitation therapists, were recruited. The study involved evaluating preexisting Amy solutions and collecting user experience feedback from participants with questionnaires. Amy solutions consisted of immersive virtual reality (using a virtual reality headset) and nonimmersive (tablet-based) games, both controlled through body movements on a treadmill conceived to train walking and balance. Questionnaires were the short version of the User Experience Questionnaire; the Usability Metric for User Experience; the Virtual Reality Sickness Questionnaire; a customized questionnaire evaluating comfort, fun, sense of presence and immersion; and a customized questionnaire evaluating parent's perception. RESULTS: Twenty-eight children, 28 parents, and 18 therapists participated in the study. Compared with User Experience Questionnaire benchmark data, the overall results with immersive and nonimmersive virtual reality in all participants were in the range of 10% best results or in the "excellent" category. The mean (95% CI) scores for each group of participants, with nonimmersive and immersive virtual reality, were as follows: 1.9 (1.6-2.2) and 2.1 (1.6-2.5) for children, 2.0 (1.7-2.2) and 2.3 (2.0-2.5) for parents, and 1.4 (1.1-1.7) and 1.4 (1.1-1.7) for therapists, respectively. User experience was significantly better for children and parents than for therapists (P adjusted .001). From the Usability Metric for User Experience, participants rated the Amy treadmill's usability as "good to excellent" on the System Usability Scale, regardless of whether immersive virtual reality was used. Immersive virtual reality was well tolerated by children. Children experienced immersive virtual reality positively in terms of comfort, immersion, presence, and fun. Parents' acceptability of the connected treadmill was positively assessed. CONCLUSIONS: This study is, to our knowledge, the first to assess the user experience of a playful treadmill-based virtual environment controller in children with chronic conditions affecting physical health in a user-centered and multidisciplinary team-based approach. This initial test demonstrates promising potential for using the connected treadmill as a rehabilitation tool. Therapists may need improvements to better meet their expectations, highlighting the importance of further iterations to align technological features and practical clinical context. CI - (c)Capucine Hennequin, Lena Carcreff, Adelie Christiaens, Mickael Dinomais, Josselin Demas. Originally published in JMIR Serious Games (https://games.jmir.org), 29.04.2026. FAU - Hennequin, Capucine AU - Hennequin C AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-3565-4971 AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Rouen Normandy, Rouen, France. AD - Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France. FAU - Carcreff, Lena AU - Carcreff L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0086-4944 AD - Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France. AD - Angers Living Lab in Hospital Geriatrics, Department of Geriatric Medicine and Rehabilitation, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France. AD - Angevin Research Laboratory for Systems Engineering, EA7315, University of Angers, Angers, France. FAU - Christiaens, Adelie AU - Christiaens A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-5247-8657 AD - Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France. AD - Angevin Research Laboratory for Systems Engineering, EA7315, University of Angers, Angers, France. FAU - Dinomais, Mickael AU - Dinomais M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6980-1178 AD - Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France. AD - Angevin Research Laboratory for Systems Engineering, EA7315, University of Angers, Angers, France. FAU - Demas, Josselin AU - Demas J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3760-4524 AD - Angevin Research Laboratory for Systems Engineering, EA7315, University of Angers, Angers, France. AD - Training Institutes, Laval Hospital Center, Laval, France. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260429 PL - Canada TA - JMIR Serious Games JT - JMIR serious games JID - 101645255 PMC - PMC13173068 OTO - NOTNLM OT - cerebral palsy OT - neuromuscular diseases OT - obesity OT - pediatrics OT - rehabilitation OT - user-centered design OT - virtual reality OT - walking COIS- Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The developers of the treadmill and virtual reality solution (EzyGain) were involved in the study design but not in the data collection, analysis, or writing of this paper. The funder had no involvement in the study design, data collection, analysis, interpretation, or the writing of the manuscript. EDAT- 2026/04/29 18:35 MHDA- 2026/04/29 18:36 PMCR- 2026/04/29 CRDT- 2026/04/29 16:53 PHST- 2025/09/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/01/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/29 18:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/29 18:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/29 16:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v14i1e82953 [pii] AID - 10.2196/82953 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JMIR Serious Games. 2026 Apr 29;14:e82953. doi: 10.2196/82953. PMID- 42053809 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261009 LR - 20261012 IS - 1435-165X (Electronic) IS - 1018-8827 (Print) IS - 1018-8827 (Linking) VI - 35 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Ultra-processed food consumption during pregnancy and emotional and behavioral problems in offspring. PG - 2633-2643 LID - 10.1007/s00787-026-03044-0 [doi] AB - Evidence on prenatal ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and offspring psychopathological problems remains limited. Therefore, this study assessed the associations between UPF consumption during pregnancy and offspring emotional and behavioral problems. The potential impact of theoretically replacing UPFs with unprocessed or minimally processed foods was also examined using simulation models. The analyses included 201 mother-child pairs from the ECLIPSES study. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire at 12, 24, and 36 weeks of gestation. UPF consumption (%grams/day) was estimated using the NOVA classification system. Children's behavior was assessed at age 4 using the parent-reported Child Behaviour Checklist (1.5 to 5 years), with outcomes defined as borderline/clinical scores. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models were fitted. Every 10% grams/day increase in prenatal UPF consumption was associated with higher odds of having children with borderline/clinical scores on several syndrome and broad-band scales: emotionally reactive (Odd ratios [OR]: 1.67; 95% Confidence interval [CI]: 1.06-2.63), aggressive behavior (OR 2.13; 95% CI: 1.18-3.84), internalizing problems (OR: 1.56 95%CI: 1.06-2.31), externalizing problems (OR: 2.00; 95% CI: 1.31-3.07) and total problems (OR: 1.68; 95%CI: 1.12-2.51). Associations were also observed with DSM-oriented scales, including depressive (OR: 2.08; 95%CI: 1.25-3.45), attention deficit/hyperactivity (OR: 1.71; 95%CI: 1.08-2.68) and oppositional defiant problems (OR: 1.85; 95%CI: 1.09-3.13). Replacing 10%grams/day of UPF with equal amounts of unprocessed or minimally processed foods was associated with lower likelihood of children presenting the aforementioned borderline/clinical scores. The findings suggest that prenatal UPF consumption might be associated with adverse emotional and behavioral outcomes in the offspring. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Becerra-Tomas, Nerea AU - Becerra-Tomas N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4429-6507 AD - Departament de Ciencies Mediques Basiques, Unitat de Salut Publica i Epidemiologia Nutricional, Nutrition and Mental Health (NUTRISAM) research group, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Carrer St. Llorenc, 21, Reus, 43201, Spain. AD - Institut de Recerca Biomedica Catalunya Sud (IRBCatSud), Reus, Spain. FAU - Sans, Josefa Canals AU - Sans JC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6209-9558 AD - Institut de Recerca Biomedica Catalunya Sud (IRBCatSud), Reus, Spain. AD - Department of Psychology, Nutrition and Mental Health (NUTRISAM) research group, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain. AD - Department of Psychology, Research Center for Behavioral Assessment (CRAMC), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain. FAU - Jardi, Cristina AU - Jardi C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7946-1488 AD - Departament de Ciencies Mediques Basiques, Unitat de Salut Publica i Epidemiologia Nutricional, Nutrition and Mental Health (NUTRISAM) research group, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Carrer St. Llorenc, 21, Reus, 43201, Spain. AD - Institut de Recerca Biomedica Catalunya Sud (IRBCatSud), Reus, Spain. FAU - Voltas, Nuria AU - Voltas N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8855-0282 AD - Institut de Recerca Biomedica Catalunya Sud (IRBCatSud), Reus, Spain. AD - Department of Psychology, Nutrition and Mental Health (NUTRISAM) research group, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain. AD - Department of Psychology, Research Center for Behavioral Assessment (CRAMC), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain. FAU - Hernandez-Martinez, Carmen AU - Hernandez-Martinez C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6328-8679 AD - Institut de Recerca Biomedica Catalunya Sud (IRBCatSud), Reus, Spain. AD - Department of Psychology, Nutrition and Mental Health (NUTRISAM) research group, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain. AD - Department of Psychology, Research Center for Behavioral Assessment (CRAMC), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain. FAU - Arija, Victoria AU - Arija V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1758-0975 AD - Departament de Ciencies Mediques Basiques, Unitat de Salut Publica i Epidemiologia Nutricional, Nutrition and Mental Health (NUTRISAM) research group, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Carrer St. Llorenc, 21, Reus, 43201, Spain. victoria.arija@urv.cat. AD - Institut de Recerca Biomedica Catalunya Sud (IRBCatSud), Reus, Spain. victoria.arija@urv.cat. AD - Collaborative Group on Lifestyles, Nutrition, and Tobacco (CENIT), Institut d'Investigacio en Atencio Primaria IDIAP Jordi Gol, Institut Catala de la Salut (ICS), Reus, Spain. victoria.arija@urv.cat. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260429 PL - Germany TA - Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry JT - European child & adolescent psychiatry JID - 9212296 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/epidemiology MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Fast Foods/adverse effects/statistics & numerical data MH - Male MH - *Child Behavior Disorders/epidemiology/etiology MH - Infant MH - Adult PMC - PMC13652858 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Behavioral problems OT - Child development OT - Pregnancy OT - Ultra-processed food COIS- Declarations. Ethical statement: The study was designed in agreement with the Declaration of Helsinki and the Tokyo Update. The protocol of the ECLIPSES study by the Ethical Committee of the Jordi Gol Institute for Primary Care Research and the Pere Virgili Institute for Health Research. Consent to participate: Written informed consent was obtained from all the participants in the study. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/29 12:43 MHDA- 2026/10/09 17:34 PMCR- 2026/04/29 CRDT- 2026/04/29 11:13 PHST- 2025/07/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/09 17:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/29 12:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/29 11:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s00787-026-03044-0 [pii] AID - 3044 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00787-026-03044-0 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2026 Aug;35(8):2633-2643. doi: 10.1007/s00787-026-03044-0. Epub 2026 Apr 29. PMID- 42053576 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260715 IS - 1747-4132 (Electronic) IS - 1747-4124 (Linking) VI - 20 IP - 5 DP - 2026 May TI - Exploring the efficacy and future prospects of nutritional and dietary therapies in Crohn's disease. PG - 425-437 LID - 10.1080/17474124.2026.2667874 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Nutritional therapy has progressed from supportive care to a targeted strategy in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), particularly Crohn's disease (CD). Exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) is firmly established as a first-line induction therapy in pediatric CD, achieving remission rates comparable to corticosteroids while simultaneously supporting growth and promoting mucosal healing. AREAS COVERED: This review outlines enteral and dietary interventions in CD. A PubMed (MEDLINE) search identified relevant studies on nutritional and dietary interventions in CD published up to 17 August 2025. In children, EEN is validated; in adults, its use is more selective, with evidence supporting benefit in mild-to-moderate disease, intolerance to pharmacologic agents, and perioperative optimization. Elemental or low-residue formulas are particularly relevant for patients with stricturing disease or malnutrition. Partial enteral nutrition and structured exclusion diets, such as the Crohn's Disease Exclusion Diet (CDED), offer feasible long-term approaches. Regional differences persist, as Japan has established reimbursement pathways facilitating enteral nutrition, whereas Western countries generally prioritize pharmacologic therapies. EXPERT OPINION: Enteral nutrition remains a valuable therapeutic option in CD when applied to carefully selected patients. Although biologics and small molecules dominate current management, individualized patient selection, adherence support, and multidisciplinary education are critical to maximize its therapeutic impact. FAU - Yamamoto, Takayuki AU - Yamamoto T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7551-5568 AD - Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Yokkaichi Hazu Medical Center, Yokkaichi, Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260430 PL - England TA - Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol JT - Expert review of gastroenterology & hepatology JID - 101278199 RN - Pediatric Crohn's disease SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Crohn Disease/therapy/diet therapy MH - *Enteral Nutrition MH - Treatment Outcome MH - Remission Induction MH - Elimination Diets MH - Child OTO - NOTNLM OT - Crohn's disease OT - Crohn's disease exclusion diet OT - dietary therapy OT - exclusive enteral nutrition OT - malnutrition OT - partial enteral nutrition EDAT- 2026/04/29 12:43 MHDA- 2026/05/11 13:00 CRDT- 2026/04/29 11:03 PHST- 2026/05/11 13:00 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/29 12:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/29 11:03 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/17474124.2026.2667874 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2026 May;20(5):425-437. doi: 10.1080/17474124.2026.2667874. Epub 2026 Apr 30. PMID- 42052079 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260429 LR - 20260813 IS - 1664-1078 (Print) IS - 1664-1078 (Electronic) IS - 1664-1078 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Didactic adaptation of basketball in physical education to reduce anxiety and emotional eating in adolescent girls with obesity: a randomized controlled trial. PG - 1753266 LID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1753266 [doi] LID - 1753266 AB - BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Adolescent girls with obesity often experience elevated sport-related anxiety and emotional eating, which impair both physical and psychological health. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a didactically adapted basketball program on body mass index (BMI), emotional eating, sport-related anxiety, and technical performance in adolescent girls with moderate obesity. METHODS: In this two-arm, parallel-group randomized controlled trial, 64 participants aged 15-16 years were randomly assigned to an experimental group (EXP, n = 32), receiving a 7-week adapted intervention, or a control group (CONT, n = 32), following standard physical education sessions. Assessments included BMI, the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ), the Sport Anxiety Scale-2 (SAS-2), and standardized passing and shooting drills, administered pre- and post-intervention under supervised and confidential conditions. RESULTS: The adapted program led to significant improvements in BMI (p < 0.001, d = 0.65), emotional eating (p = 0.0003, d = 0.74), and sport-related anxiety (p < 0.001, d = 0.95), as well as enhanced passing and shooting accuracy (p = 0.004 to < 0.001, d = 0.56-0.72). Reductions in anxiety and emotional eating were significantly correlated with gains in technical performance (r = -0.31 to -0.41, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Pedagogically adapted basketball sessions represent an effective and inclusive approach to enhance motor skills, regulate emotions, and improve body composition in adolescent girls with moderate obesity. These findings emphasize the value of progressive, emotionally supportive, and socially engaging physical education programs tailored to vulnerable adolescent populations. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Slimi, Tannoubi, Nasri, Souissi, Marsigliante, Muscella and Vveinhardt. FAU - Slimi, Oumayma AU - Slimi O AD - High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia. AD - Research Laboratory: "Education, Motricite, Sport et Sante", EM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia. FAU - Tannoubi, Amayra AU - Tannoubi A AD - Department of Education, High Institute of Sport, and Physical Education of Gafsa, University of Gafsa, Gafsa, Tunisia. AD - Sports Performance Optimization Research Laboratory (LR09SEP01), National Center for Sports Medicine and Science (CNMSS), Tunis, Tunisia. FAU - Nasri, Raouf AU - Nasri R AD - Physical Activity, Sport and Health Research Unit, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia. FAU - Souissi, Mohamed Abdelkader AU - Souissi MA AD - High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia. AD - Physical Activity, Sport and Health Research Unit, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia. FAU - Marsigliante, Santo AU - Marsigliante S AD - Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (Di.S.Te.B.A.), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy. FAU - Muscella, Antonella AU - Muscella A AD - Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (Di.S.Te.B.A.), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy. FAU - Vveinhardt, Jolita AU - Vveinhardt J AD - Vytautas Kavolis Interdisciplinary Research Institute, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260413 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Psychol JT - Frontiers in psychology JID - 101550902 EIN - Front Psychol. 2026 Apr 28;17:1856920. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1856920. PMID: 42131524 PMC - PMC13111283 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adapted physical education OT - adolescent girls OT - basketball training OT - emotional eating OT - motor performance OT - obesity OT - sport-related anxiety COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/29 12:25 MHDA- 2026/04/29 12:26 PMCR- 2026/04/13 CRDT- 2026/04/29 04:51 PHST- 2025/11/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/29 12:26 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/29 12:25 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/29 04:51 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1753266 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Psychol. 2026 Apr 13;17:1753266. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1753266. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42052039 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Relationship between childcare workers' physical literacy and support for promoting children's physical activity. PG - 1807141 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1807141 [doi] LID - 1807141 AB - INTRODUCTION: Physical literacy (PL) is defined as "the motivation, confidence, physical competence, knowledge, and understanding required to value and take responsibility for engagement in physical activities for life." Previous research suggests that higher parental PL is associated with positive attitudes and involvement in children's physical activity. As approximately 90% of children in Japan attend early childhood education and care settings, the role of childcare workers in supporting children's physical activity has become increasingly important. Therefore, we aimed to examine the characteristics of childcare workers' PL and its association with their support for promoting children's physical activity. METHODS: Secondary data from 201 childcare workers provided by a company managing early childhood education and care facilities were used. PL was assessed using the Physical Literacy for Life self-assessment tool (PL4L). Support for promoting children's physical activity was assessed using five items from a previous study and an additional item developed for this study. The construct validity of the support items was examined using confirmatory factor analysis, and internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha. The Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to compare childcare workers' PL scores by gender, sports club participation at each school age, and stage of change for participation in physical activity. Structural equation modeling was used to examine whether childcare workers' PL was related to support for promoting children's physical activity. RESULTS: Childcare workers who had participated in sports clubs during junior high school, high school, or university tended to report higher PL scores than those who had not. PL scores differed by stage of change for participation in physical activity, with childcare workers in the Maintenance stage showing significantly higher total PL scores than those in the Pre-contemplation stage. Structural equation modeling showed an acceptable model fit and reasonable factor loadings, and the path coefficients from childcare workers' PL to support were statistically significant. DISCUSSION: Childcare workers' PL appears to be associated with their experience of sports club participation and stage of change for participation in physical activity. Enhancing childcare workers' PL may aid their support for promoting children's physical activity. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Honda, Matsunaga, Matsui, Toyama and Suzuki. FAU - Honda, Sho AU - Honda S AD - Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan. FAU - Matsunaga, Misaki AU - Matsunaga M AD - Juntendo Administration for Sports, Health and Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Matsui, Masahiro AU - Matsui M AD - Department of Child Psychiatry, Yokohama City University Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. AD - Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan. FAU - Toyama, Kenta AU - Toyama K AD - Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan. FAU - Suzuki, Koya AU - Suzuki K AD - Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan. AD - Juntendo Administration for Sports, Health and Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan. AD - Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan. AD - Institute of Health and Sports Science & Medicine, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260413 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Exercise MH - Japan MH - *Health Promotion MH - *Child Day Care Centers MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Adult MH - *Child Care MH - Surveys and Questionnaires PMC - PMC13111194 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Physical Literacy for Life self-assessment tool (PL4L) OT - childcare workers OT - early childhood education OT - physical literacy OT - structural equation modeling OT - support for promoting children's physical activity COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author KS declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision. EDAT- 2026/04/29 12:25 MHDA- 2026/04/29 12:26 PMCR- 2026/04/13 CRDT- 2026/04/29 04:51 PHST- 2026/02/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/29 12:26 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/29 12:25 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/29 04:51 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1807141 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2026 Apr 13;14:1807141. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1807141. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42052031 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Associations of eHealth literacy, physical literacy and physical fitness among urban middle school students in Guiyang, China: a multi-school cross-sectional study. PG - 1762497 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1762497 [doi] LID - 1762497 AB - OBJECTIVE: To assess the overall levels, disparities, and interrelations of eHealth literacy and physical literacy among urban junior high school students in Guiyang, examine their associations with physical health status, and develop a multifactorial predictive model to inform evidence-based health promotion strategies targeting urban adolescents. METHODS: A stratified cluster sampling method was used to recruit students from grades 7 to 9 in multiple urban junior high schools across Guiyang. The study employed a cross-sectional quantitative design incorporating structured questionnaires and standardized physical fitness assessments. Validated instruments-including an established eHealth Literacy Scale and a physical literacy assessment tool-were used alongside data derived from the National Student Physical Fitness Standards. Demographic and familial educational background data were also collected. Descriptive statistics, non-parametric analyses, Spearman partial correlation, and multivariate logistic regression were conducted to systematically explore the relationships among eHealth literacy, physical literacy, and physical health levels. RESULTS: Urban junior high school students in Guiyang demonstrated generally above-average levels of eHealth literacy, though a substantial subset fell below the expected proficiency threshold. Statistically meaningful disparities in both eHealth and physical literacy were observed across gender, grade level, parental education, and the frequency of digital health information instruction provided by families and teachers (p < 0.05). A robust positive association was identified between eHealth literacy and physical literacy (r = 0.412, p < 0.001), both of which were positively linked to higher physical health status. Multivariate regression analysis indicated that higher levels of "application ability" within eHealth literacy and stronger "motor skills" and "movement skills" within physical literacy were significantly associated with a lower likelihood of poor physical health status and a greater probability of belonging to higher physical health categories. Additionally, "health-related lifestyle awareness" had an independent effect on maintaining or improving qualified physical health levels. CONCLUSION: The physical health of urban junior high school students in Guiyang is shaped not only by their physical literacy but also by their capacity to navigate and utilize digital health information. Higher levels of eHealth literacy may facilitate adolescents' ability to acquire and evaluate digital health information, which can further support the development of physical literacy and promote healthier behavioral patterns. Enhancing adolescent physical health therefore requires simultaneous investment in both digital health competencies and foundational physical literacy, supported by a coordinated framework across schools, families, and communities. This study elucidates the interactive dynamics among eHealth literacy, physical literacy, and physical health from an urban youth perspective, offering critical guidance for the design of localized digital health education, physical literacy enhancement, and integrated intervention strategies. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Yuan, Luo and Wu. FAU - Yuan, Junfeng AU - Yuan J AD - School of Physical Education, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China. FAU - Luo, Lin AU - Luo L AD - School of Physical Education, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China. AD - Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Brain Disease Prevention of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, China. FAU - Wu, Rui AU - Wu R AD - Guiyang No. 19 Middle School, Guiyang, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260413 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - China MH - Male MH - *Health Literacy/statistics & numerical data MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - Digital Health MH - *Physical Fitness MH - *Urban Population/statistics & numerical data MH - *Students/statistics & numerical data MH - Schools MH - Surveys and Questionnaires PMC - PMC13111474 OTO - NOTNLM OT - digital health education OT - eHealth literacy OT - health promotion OT - physical health OT - physical literacy OT - urban adolescents COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/29 12:25 MHDA- 2026/04/29 12:26 PMCR- 2026/04/13 CRDT- 2026/04/29 04:51 PHST- 2025/12/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/29 12:26 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/29 12:25 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/29 04:51 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1762497 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2026 Apr 13;14:1762497. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1762497. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42052024 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Central adiposity outperforms disordered eating behavior in predicting type 2 diabetes risk in young adults: an explainable machine learning approach. PG - 1778156 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1778156 [doi] LID - 1778156 AB - BACKGROUND: Disordered eating behaviors are often associated with adverse metabolic outcomes, yet their relationship with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) risk in young adults is less clear. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of disordered eating behaviors on diabetes risk among university students, using both traditional statistical methods and machine learning approaches. METHODS: A total of 1,302 university students participated in this cross-sectional study. Disordered eating behavior was assessed using the Eating Attitudes Test-40 (EAT-40), a validated screening tool for abnormal eating attitudes, while type 2 diabetes risk was estimated using the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISK), a widely used non-invasive instrument designed to estimate the 10-year risk of developing T2DM. Anthropometric measures were recorded according to standardized protocols. Bivariate associations were examined using correlation analysis, while multivariable regression and machine learning models (XGBoost) were applied to determine predictors of diabetes risk. RESULTS: Of the 1,302 participants, 90.8% were classified as low/mild risk, 6.2% as moderate risk, and 3.0% as high/very high risk according to FINDRISK. No significant correlation was found between EAT-40 scores and FINDRISK (r = 0.01, p = 0.755). In multivariable regression, waist-to-height ratio (beta = 1.42 per 0.05 increase, p < 0.001) and body mass index (beta = 0.31, p < 0.001) were the strongest predictors of diabetes risk. Machine learning models, particularly XGBoost (AUROC = 0.87), highlighted waist-to-height ratio as the most influential predictor. CONCLUSION: In young adults, central adiposity specifically waist-to-height ratio was the most significant predictor of T2DM risk, while disordered eating behavior had minimal independent impact. These findings suggest that simple anthropometric measures could be prioritized for early diabetes risk assessment over eating attitude screening. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Alatas, Arslan, Kurt and Bentli. FAU - Alatas, Hacer AU - Alatas H AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Malatya Turgut Ozal University, Malatya, Turkiye. FAU - Arslan, Nurgul AU - Arslan N AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Ataturk Faculty of Health Sciences, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkiye. FAU - Kurt, Harun AU - Kurt H AD - Malatya Provincial Health Directorate, Personnel Services Department, Malatya, Turkiye. FAU - Bentli, Serkan AU - Bentli S AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Malatya Turgut Ozal University, Malatya, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260413 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology MH - Female MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Feeding and Eating Disorders/epidemiology MH - *Machine Learning MH - Risk Factors MH - Risk Assessment MH - *Obesity, Abdominal/epidemiology MH - Adult MH - Universities MH - Students/statistics & numerical data MH - Adolescent MH - *Adiposity PMC - PMC13116002 OTO - NOTNLM OT - FINDRISK OT - disordered eating OT - machine learning OT - type 2 diabetes OT - university students COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/29 12:25 MHDA- 2026/04/29 12:26 PMCR- 2026/04/13 CRDT- 2026/04/29 04:51 PHST- 2025/12/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/29 12:26 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/29 12:25 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/29 04:51 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1778156 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2026 Apr 13;14:1778156. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1778156. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42051338 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260429 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-861X (Print) IS - 2296-861X (Electronic) IS - 2296-861X (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2026 TI - Dietary intake, nutritional status and healthcare characteristics of mothers and newborn infants in a prospective cohort study (CHAMP) from a malnutrition-endemic region of Pakistan. PG - 1785862 LID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1785862 [doi] LID - 1785862 AB - BACKGROUND: Dietary intake, nutritional status, healthcare access, and early-life exposures play a critical role in shaping infant growth and development. Recent evidence suggests that the impact is largely mediated by gut microbiome. The Child Health, Nutrition and Microbiome in Pakistan (the CHAMP study) is a longitudinal cohort study aiming to assess the bidirectional relationship between gut microbiome and infant growth and development in a cohort of children residing in malnutrition endemic areas of Pakistan. OBJECTIVES: The current study report the baseline sociodemographic, dietary, healthcare, and nutritional characteristics of mother-infant dyads participating in the CHAMP study. METHODS: Baseline data were collected from 70 mothers and 72 newborn infants recruited from rural communities in District Swat, Pakistan. Information on household socioeconomic status, maternal dietary intake, antenatal, delivery and postnatal care, infant feeding practices, morbidity, and anthropometric measurements was obtained using validated tools. Descriptive and sex-stratified analyses were conducted. RESULTS: Households were socioeconomically disadvantaged, with low parental education, large family size, and mean household income substantially below the national minimum wage. Maternal utilization and quality of antenatal and postnatal care were suboptimal, including limited completion of recommended antenatal visits. Dietary quality was also poor, and none of the mothers met the recommended minimum dietary diversity for women. Among infants, morbidity was common, with nearly half experiencing diarrheal illness or respiratory infections. Exclusive breastfeeding reported only in 43.1% of infants. Anthropometric assessment revealed evidence of early growth faltering, with 35.4% of infants were low-length-for-age with higher prevalence among females. CONCLUSION: These baseline findings highlight substantial socioeconomic vulnerability, poor maternal diet quality, gaps in maternal and infant healthcare, and early-life undernutrition in this rural Pakistani cohort. The study finding provides foundation for longitudinal analyses examining how these factors interact with gut microbiome development and child growth, informing and cost effective and culturally relevant intervention strategies. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Shahzad, Saidal, Ismail, Tariq, Melhem, Iqbal, Khattak, Ahmad, Saeed, Ghani, Al Nabhani and Andrews. FAU - Shahzad, Muhammad AU - Shahzad M AD - Faculty of Dentistry, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan. AD - Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan. FAU - Saidal, Ahsan AU - Saidal A AD - KMU Institute of Health Sciences, Swat, Pakistan. FAU - Ismail, Muhammad AU - Ismail M AD - Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan. FAU - Tariq, Kalsoom AU - Tariq K AD - Department of Biochemistry, Khyber Girls Medical College Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan. FAU - Melhem, Alaa' Lutfi AU - Melhem AL AD - Faculty of Dentistry, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan. FAU - Iqbal, Khalid AU - Iqbal K AD - Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan. AD - Epidemiological Methods and Etiological Research, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology, Bremen, Germany. FAU - Khattak, Maria Ishaq AU - Khattak MI AD - Institute of Public Health and Social Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan. FAU - Ahmad, Habab Ali AU - Ahmad HA AD - Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Pak-Austria Fachhochschule Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, Haripur, Pakistan. FAU - Saeed, Muhammad AU - Saeed M AD - Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan. FAU - Ghani, Mustajab AU - Ghani M AD - KMU Institute of Health Sciences, Swat, Pakistan. FAU - Al Nabhani, Ziad AU - Al Nabhani Z AD - Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland. AD - Maurice Muller Laboratories, Department for Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. FAU - Andrews, Simon C AU - Andrews SC AD - School of Biological Sciences, Health and Life Sciences Building, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260413 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Nutr JT - Frontiers in nutrition JID - 101642264 PMC - PMC13111393 OTO - NOTNLM OT - birth cohort OT - breastfeeding practices OT - dietary diversity OT - gut microbiome OT - infant growth OT - malnutrition OT - maternal nutrition OT - rural Pakistan COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/29 12:25 MHDA- 2026/04/29 12:26 PMCR- 2026/04/13 CRDT- 2026/04/29 04:44 PHST- 2026/01/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/29 12:26 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/29 12:25 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/29 04:44 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1785862 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Nutr. 2026 Apr 13;13:1785862. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1785862. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42051283 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260429 LR - 20260813 IS - 1735-4587 (Print) IS - 2008-2215 (Electronic) IS - 1735-4587 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jan TI - Demographic and Family Factors Associated with Body Image Dissatisfaction among Adolescents in Tehran. PG - 69-79 LID - 10.18502/ijps.v21i1.20566 [doi] AB - Objective: Body image dissatisfaction is a prevalent concern among adolescents, with potential implications for mental and physical health. Understanding its correlates in diverse cultural contexts, such as Iran, is crucial for developing targeted interventions. This study aimed to investigate the demographic Body Max Index (BMI), gender, etc. socioeconomic status and family structure associated with body image dissatisfaction in a sample of adolescent students in Tehran, Iran. Method : This cross-sectional study included 1,430 students (grades 7, 8 and 9) from randomly selected schools in Tehran. Body image dissatisfaction was assessed using a validated international questionnaire measuring demographics, body perceptions, eating patterns, and family structures. Self-reported weight height values were used to calculate BMI. Misperceived body status was defined as discordance between self-perceived image and actual BMI category. Statistical analyses included chi-square tests, t-tests, and multivariate regression (SPSS v26). Results: A total of 1, 430 participants completed the questionnaires and the mean age of participants was (14.13 +/- 1.2), and 54.8% were females and 785 males (54.9%). The findings revealed that 59.1% of adolescents misperceived their body status. Female gender (OR = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.18-1.90, P = 0.001), lower family SES (socioeconomic status) (OR = 4.27, 95% CI: 1.87-9.74, P < 0.001), higher BMI (OR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.06-1.12, P < 0.001), and non-biological family structures (OR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.26-2.3, P = 0.05) were significantly associated with body dissatisfaction. Students living with stepparents or relatives reported lower body satisfaction compared to those living with biological parents. These findings underscore the importance of gender, socioeconomic status, family structure, and BMI as key factors influencing body image dissatisfaction among adolescents. Conclusion: These findings highlight the importance of gender, socioeconomic status and family structure in body dissatisfaction among adolescents. Importantly, these findings reflect the heightened challenges facing youth in the post-COVID-19 era, during which lifestyle changes, increased social media exposure, and altered social interactions have intensified body image concerns. Further research is needed to explore this correlation in more detail and to develop culturally appropriate interventions to promote positive body image. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Published by Tehran University of Medical Sciences. FAU - Mohammadi, Mohammad Reza AU - Mohammadi MR AD - Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Zamani, Zahra AU - Zamani Z AD - Community Medicine Specialist, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Najafi, Ali AU - Najafi A AD - Medical Library and Information Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Kafami, Zahra AU - Kafami Z AD - Research Centre for Child Psychiatry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. AD - INVEST Flagship, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. FAU - Yavari, Ali AU - Yavari A AD - Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Akhondzadeh, Shahin AU - Akhondzadeh S AD - Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - Iran TA - Iran J Psychiatry JT - Iranian journal of psychiatry JID - 101302041 PMC - PMC13111964 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescents OT - Body Image OT - Body Mass Index (BMI) OT - Dissatisfaction OT - Eating Disorders COIS- None. EDAT- 2026/04/29 12:25 MHDA- 2026/04/29 12:26 PMCR- 2026/01/01 CRDT- 2026/04/29 04:43 PHST- 2025/07/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/09/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/10/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/29 12:26 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/29 12:25 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/29 04:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - IJPS-21-69 [pii] AID - 10.18502/ijps.v21i1.20566 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Iran J Psychiatry. 2026 Jan;21(1):69-79. doi: 10.18502/ijps.v21i1.20566. PMID- 42050668 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260702 LR - 20260813 IS - 2055-5784 (Print) IS - 2055-5784 (Electronic) IS - 2055-5784 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 29 TI - Feasibility and perceived impact of a clinician-led bimanual training program using joystick-operated ride-on toys incorporated into an intensive task-oriented hybrid summer camp for children with unilateral cerebral palsy. LID - 10.1186/s40814-026-01824-8 [doi] LID - 92 AB - BACKGROUND: Children with Unilateral Cerebral Palsy (UCP) have significant limitations in upper extremity (UE) function impacting their independence and quality of life. Our study objectives were to assess (a) the feasibility and acceptability of incorporating a novel, bimanual ride-on-toy navigation (RNT) training program within a 3-week intensive, hybrid UE training camp (modified constraint induced movement therapy + bimanual training) and (b) the combined benefits of the comprehensive camp training model as perceived by clinicians. METHODOLOGY: We employed a single-group, pretest-posttest design. Ten children with UCP (M(SD): 6.99(2.13) years) and 6 clinicians/camp staff were recruited through convenience sampling from an annually held intensive therapy camp for children with UCP. In the 3-week camp, children practiced goal-oriented and task-focused activities for 6 h/day (5 h of UE practice with a constraint on the less-affected arm and 1-h of bimanual practice without the constraint). Following an initial training session, camp staff delivered fourteen RNT sessions (~ 20 min/session) per child over the 3 weeks as part of the bimanual portion of the camp. Feasibility and acceptability of the RNT program were assessed by monitoring adherence, through child and camp staff exit questionnaires, the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale, and video-based behavioral coding. Clinician-perceived benefits of the overall camp programming, inclusive of RNT, was assessed using an exit questionnaire administered with camp staff and the ABILHAND-Kids Questionnaire. Given the pilot nature of this study and the small sample size, we report descriptive data, effect sizes, and 95% confidence intervals around the effect sizes. RESULTS: All 10 participants completed the study (Adherence: Mean(SD): 90.7% (13.5%)). Staff were able to successfully deliver RNT with minimal issues and wanted to repeat it in subsequent camp iterations. Children found RNT enjoyable and were highly engaged across sessions. In combination with other camp programming, RNT led to clinician-perceived improvements in children's bimanual function and spontaneous affected UE use during daily activities. CONCLUSIONS: Our work suggests that RNT is an engaging, versatile, and easy-to-implement therapy adjunct that clinicians may use to incentivize affected UE use and motor practice in children with UCP. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Kataria, Kush AU - Kataria K AD - Physical Therapy Program, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA. FAU - Kumavor, Patrick D AU - Kumavor PD AD - Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA. FAU - Srinivasan, Sudha AU - Srinivasan S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4594-2547 AD - Physical Therapy Program, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA. sudha.srinivasan@uconn.edu. AD - Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention, and Policy (InCHIP), University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA. sudha.srinivasan@uconn.edu. AD - Institute for the Brain and Cognitive Sciences (IBACS), University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA. sudha.srinivasan@uconn.edu. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260429 PL - England TA - Pilot Feasibility Stud JT - Pilot and feasibility studies JID - 101676536 PMC - PMC13326004 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bimanual training OT - Clinician-delivered training OT - Hemiplegia OT - Novel intervention OT - Ride-on toys OT - Technology-based therapy adjunct OT - Unilateral cerebral palsy COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The Internal Review Board (IRB) (IRB#: H21-0019) at the University of Connecticut approved the study and all procedures have been followed per the approved IRB guidelines. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/29 06:34 MHDA- 2026/04/29 06:35 PMCR- 2026/04/29 CRDT- 2026/04/29 00:17 PHST- 2025/07/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/29 06:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/29 06:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/29 00:17 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s40814-026-01824-8 [pii] AID - 1824 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s40814-026-01824-8 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Pilot Feasibility Stud. 2026 Apr 29;12(1):92. doi: 10.1186/s40814-026-01824-8. PMID- 42050539 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260627 LR - 20260813 IS - 1546-0096 (Electronic) IS - 1546-0096 (Linking) VI - 24 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 28 TI - Markerless gait analysis for children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis using a machine learning pipeline. LID - 10.1186/s12969-026-01211-w [doi] LID - 29 AB - BACKGROUND: Musculoskeletal diseases, such as Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA), can lead to altered joint mobility and changes in gait pattern. While marker-based motion capture systems are considered the gold standard, their use is limited by high costs, technical complexity, time-intensive procedures, and specialized staff requirements. This study proposes and evaluates the feasibility of a markerless gait analysis approach for children of all ages, based on a machine learning pipeline, validates it against marker-based systems, and describes JIA-related gait differences. METHODS: Sagittal-plane gait videos were recorded using a standardized setup. A Mask R-CNN-based detector generated a bounding box around the body in each video frame. Within this box, a TCFormer model identified positions of predefined anatomical landmarks. Joint angles were computed from these landmarks on a frame-by-frame basis and assembled into continuous gait cycle trajectories. For validation, a subset of 12 participants was recorded simultaneously using a marker-based motion capture system and conventional video-recording. To ensure direct comparability between the two methods, physical markers in video-recordings were automatically detected and removed using a deep learning-based object detection and inpainting approach. Statistical comparisons were performed using Statistical Parametric Mapping. The estimated kinematic data were compared between JIA patients with lower-extremity involvement and typically developing (TD) peers, stratified by age and disease activity. RESULTS: Videos from 108 participants (60 JIA; 48 TD; age 1.8-17.4 years) were included. There was robust agreement between joint movement patterns of the markerless and the marker-based approach. Across all age groups, JIA patients with active arthritis had a reduced knee range of motion compared to TD (46.3[Formula: see text] vs. 49.8[Formula: see text]). Overall, differences in joint angle trajectories between groups remained limited. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed single-camera, markerless pipeline can provide reliable and valid gait data using standard video equipment in children. Differences in gait patterns between JIA patients and TD peers were generally small, likely due to effective disease control. This method is adaptable across all ages, may facilitate enhanced gait monitoring, increase knowledge of functional abnormalities in JIA, and support therapeutic decisions. In the long run, it may also reduce costs by lowering infrastructure and setup requirements. FAU - Behl, Aseem AU - Behl A AD - Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, University of Tubingen, Nauklerstr. 47, 72074, Tubingen, Germany. FAU - Papies, Dominik AU - Papies D AD - Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, University of Tubingen, Nauklerstr. 47, 72074, Tubingen, Germany. AD - Machine Learning Cluster of Excellence, University of Tubingen, Tubingen, Germany. FAU - Ilg, Winfried AU - Ilg W AD - Section Computational Sensomotorics, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Otfried-Muller-Str. 27, 72076, Tubingen, Germany. AD - Centre for Integrative Neuroscience (CIN), University of Tubingen, Otfried-Muller-Str. 25, 72076, Tubingen, Germany. FAU - Kraft, Mareen AU - Kraft M AD - Clinic for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Department of Neuropaediatrics, General Paediatrics, Diabetology, Endocrinology, Social Paediatrics, University Hospital Tubingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 1, 72076, Tubingen, Germany. FAU - Bevot, Andrea AU - Bevot A AD - Clinic for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Department of Neuropaediatrics, General Paediatrics, Diabetology, Endocrinology, Social Paediatrics, University Hospital Tubingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 1, 72076, Tubingen, Germany. FAU - Hansmann, Sandra AU - Hansmann S AD - Clinic for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Department of Neuropaediatrics, General Paediatrics, Diabetology, Endocrinology, Social Paediatrics, University Hospital Tubingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 1, 72076, Tubingen, Germany. sandra.hansmann@med.uni-tuebingen.de. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260428 PL - England TA - Pediatr Rheumatol Online J JT - Pediatric rheumatology online journal JID - 101248897 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Arthritis, Juvenile/physiopathology MH - Child MH - *Gait Analysis/methods MH - Female MH - Motion Capture MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - *Machine Learning MH - Biomechanical Phenomena MH - Video Recording MH - Child, Preschool MH - Feasibility Studies MH - *Gait/physiology PMC - PMC13126831 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Clinical monitoring OT - Deep learning OT - Gait analysis OT - Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis OT - Markerless motion capture COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This observational study was conducted following the principles of good clinical practice, the Declaration of Helsinki, current ethical standards, and was approved by the Ethics Committee at the Medical Faculty and the University Hospital Tuebingen (001/2020BO1 and 234/2021BO2). Consent for publication: Written informed consent was obtained from the participant and her parents for publication of the images. A copy of the written consent is available. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/29 06:32 MHDA- 2026/06/27 18:36 PMCR- 2026/04/28 CRDT- 2026/04/29 00:10 PHST- 2025/09/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 18:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/29 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/29 00:10 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12969-026-01211-w [pii] AID - 1211 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12969-026-01211-w [doi] PST - epublish SO - Pediatr Rheumatol Online J. 2026 Apr 28;24(1):29. doi: 10.1186/s12969-026-01211-w. PMID- 42049579 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260612 LR - 20260802 IS - 1871-403X (Print) IS - 1871-403X (Linking) VI - 20 IP - 3 DP - 2026 May-Jun TI - Is there a relationship between culinary skills and overweight/ obesity across life stages? A systematic review. PG - 168-175 LID - S1871-403X(26)00038-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.orcp.2026.04.004 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Obesity is a public health problem that affects millions of people worldwide, but its relationship with culinary skills has not yet been elucidated. This systematic review investigated the relationship between culinary skills and the prevalence of overweight and obesity among adolescents, adults, and older adults. We hypothesize that low cooking skills are associated with a higher prevalence of overweight and obesity across different life stages. METHODS: We searched the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases from July to August 2024. The risk of bias assessment was performed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tools. RESULTS: Five studies (three cross-sectional and two cohort) were included, totaling 53,557 subjects from Brazil, Italy, Canada, Japan, and France. The studies used body mass index or waist circumference to assess overweight and obesity. Culinary skills were evaluated using various non-standardized questionnaires covering knowledge, culinary techniques, cooking frequency, and ingredients used. One cohort study reported a negative association between culinary skills and overweight/obesity in adults. Conversely, two cross-sectional and cohort studies identified a positive association among adolescents and adults. CONCLUSIONS: The relationship between culinary skills and overweight/obesity remains inconclusive across the studies. We encourage future research to understand this relationship across different life stages better and to validate appropriate tools for evaluating culinary skills. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Asia Oceania Association for the Study of Obesity. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - de Morais, Rafaela Nogueira Gomes AU - de Morais RNG AD - Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Vicosa, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Electronic address: rafaela.morais@ufv.br. FAU - Ribeiro, Guilherme Jose Silva AU - Ribeiro GJS AD - Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Vicosa, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Electronic address: guilherme.j.ribeiro@ufv.br. FAU - de Novaes, Juliana Farias AU - de Novaes JF AD - Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Vicosa, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Electronic address: jnovaes@ufv.br. FAU - Rocha, Daniela Mayumi Usuda Prado AU - Rocha DMUP AD - Laboratory of Clinical Analysis and Genomics, Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Vicosa, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Laboratory of Energy Metabolism and Body Composition, Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Vicosa, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Institute of Public Policies and Sustainable Development, Universidade Federal de Vicosa, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Electronic address: mayumi.dani@gmail.com. FAU - Kravchychyn, Ana Claudia Pelissari AU - Kravchychyn ACP AD - Laboratory of Clinical Analysis and Genomics, Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Vicosa, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Laboratory of Energy Metabolism and Body Composition, Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Vicosa, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Electronic address: ana.pelissari@ufv.br. FAU - Hermsdorff, Helen Hermana Miranda AU - Hermsdorff HHM AD - Laboratory of Clinical Analysis and Genomics, Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Vicosa, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Laboratory of Energy Metabolism and Body Composition, Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Vicosa, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Institute of Public Policies and Sustainable Development, Universidade Federal de Vicosa, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Electronic address: helenhermana@ufv.br. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20260428 PL - Netherlands TA - Obes Res Clin Pract JT - Obesity research & clinical practice JID - 101303911 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Overweight/epidemiology MH - *Obesity/epidemiology MH - *Cooking/methods MH - Adolescent MH - Body Mass Index MH - Adult MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Prevalence MH - Female MH - Aged MH - Male OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cooking OT - Culinary nutrition OT - Dietitians OT - Health education OT - Overweight COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/29 00:34 MHDA- 2026/06/13 00:39 CRDT- 2026/04/28 21:52 PHST- 2025/01/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/13 00:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/29 00:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/28 21:52 [entrez] AID - S1871-403X(26)00038-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.orcp.2026.04.004 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Obes Res Clin Pract. 2026 May-Jun;20(3):168-175. doi: 10.1016/j.orcp.2026.04.004. Epub 2026 Apr 28. PMID- 42049310 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260813 IS - 2044-6055 (Electronic) IS - 2044-6055 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Apr 28 TI - Co-designed web platform (TeenFit) to identify physical activity mobile apps for Spanish adolescents: a study protocol. PG - e114465 LID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2025-114465 [doi] LID - e114465 AB - INTRODUCTION: Adolescence is a critical period marked by physiological and psychological changes that influence long-term health. Establishing healthy behaviours, particularly regular physical activity, is essential during this stage; however, around 80% of young people do not meet the WHO's physical activity recommendations. Digital technologies offer promising opportunities to promote health among youth, yet most physical activity mobile applications (apps) lack scientific validation and usability. Unlike psychology, which has validated repositories to guide users in selecting mental health apps, physical activity lacks validated repository platforms, especially for adolescents. The project has a twofold aim: (1) to co-design a website, named the TeenFit website, that facilitates the selection of physical activity apps tailored to each adolescent's individual needs and preferences and (2) to investigate the barriers and facilitators for the implementation of the TeenFit website in real-world settings. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Adolescents and other stakeholders (ie, caregivers, educators, and health professionals) will be engaged in the development of the TeenFit website app finder through a participatory design approach that involves three workshops, encompassing both a development phase and an implementation phase. Approximately 10-12 participants per group will take part in smaller working groups to collaboratively contribute to the co-design of the TeenFit website. TeenFit will include physical activity apps available in the Spanish market, developed in both English and Spanish. These applications are currently being identified through two ongoing systematic reviews. In addition to qualitative data gathered during the audio- and video-recorded workshops, quantitative data will be collected on participants' co-design experiences and the acceptability of the TeenFit website. Data analysis will involve descriptive statistics, qualitative content analysis for describing participants' perspectives on what aspects (ie, content, features and layout) are important for the design of the website and reflexive thematic analysis to identify barriers and facilitators to implementation. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee in the province of Malaga (Spain) (REC ref: SICEIA-2024-003172). Research findings will be disseminated primarily via national and international conferences and publication in peer-reviewed journals. Patient and public involvement will inform further dissemination activities. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ Group. FAU - Seitero, Anna AU - Seitero A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7780-8417 AD - Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden anna.seitero@liu.se. FAU - Ruiz-Moreno, Alicia AU - Ruiz-Moreno A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-6360-4817 AD - Department of Languages, Arts and Sports, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain. FAU - Alcarazo, Adriana AU - Alcarazo A AD - University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain. FAU - Garrido-Gonzalez, Carmen AU - Garrido-Gonzalez C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2074-8131 AD - Nanomedicine Platform (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), Malaga Institute of Biomedical Research, Malaga, Spain. AD - Faculty of Psychology, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain. AD - Research Network on Chronicity, Primary Care, Prevention and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), ISCIII, Malaga, Spain. FAU - Ballesta-Rodriguez, Maria I AU - Ballesta-Rodriguez MI AD - Prevention and Health Promotion Research Network (redIAPP) and Chronicity, Primary Care and Health Promotion Research Network, (RICAPPS), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Henriksson, Pontus AU - Henriksson P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2482-7048 AD - Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden. FAU - Lima, Rodrigo A AU - Lima RA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7778-2616 AD - Impacte i prevencio dels trastorns mentals, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Deu (IRSJD), Santa Rosa 39-57, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain. AD - Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain. FAU - Alvarez-Perez, Yolanda AU - Alvarez-Perez Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6414-2863 AD - Canary Islands Health Research Institute Foundation (FIISC), Tenerife, Spain. AD - Evaluation Unit (SESCS), Canary Islands Health Service (SCS), Tenerife, Spain. AD - Network for Research on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), Tenerife, Spain. AD - The Spanish Network of Agencies for Health Technology Assessment and Services of the National Health System (RedETS), Tenerife, Spain. AD - Instituto de Investigacion, Sanitaria de Canarias (IISC), Spain. FAU - Reigal, Rafael Enrique AU - Reigal RE AD - Department of Social Psychology, Social Work and Social Services and Social Anthropology, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain. FAU - Campos Paino, Henar AU - Campos Paino H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0563-3080 AD - University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain. AD - Nanomedicine Platform (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), Malaga Institute of Biomedical Research, Malaga, Spain. AD - Prevention and Health Promotion Research Network (redIAPP) and Chronicity, Primary Care and Health Promotion Research Network, (RICAPPS), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Bellon, Juan Angel AU - Bellon JA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4268-4979 AD - Nanomedicine Platform (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), Malaga Institute of Biomedical Research, Malaga, Spain. AD - Prevention and Health Promotion Research Network (redIAPP) and Chronicity, Primary Care and Health Promotion Research Network, (RICAPPS), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain. AD - El Palo Health Centre, Andalusian Health Service (SAS), Malaga, Spain. AD - Department of Public Health and Psychiatry, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain. FAU - Motrico, Emma AU - Motrico E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0720-567X AD - Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, School of Psychology, University of Seville, Seville, Spain. FAU - Flores-Lopez, Maria AU - Flores-Lopez M AD - Nanomedicine Platform (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), Malaga Institute of Biomedical Research, Malaga, Spain. FAU - Rodriguez-Ayllon, Maria AU - Rodriguez-Ayllon M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8267-0440 AD - Department of Languages, Arts and Sports, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain. AD - Nanomedicine Platform (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), Malaga Institute of Biomedical Research, Malaga, Spain. AD - Prevention and Health Promotion Research Network (redIAPP) and Chronicity, Primary Care and Health Promotion Research Network, (RICAPPS), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain. AD - Laboratory of Movement and Body Composition, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260428 PL - England TA - BMJ Open JT - BMJ open JID - 101552874 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - *Mobile Applications MH - *Exercise MH - *Internet MH - Spain MH - *Health Promotion/methods MH - Research Design MH - Female PMC - PMC13141059 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescents OT - Behavior OT - Community-Based Participatory Research OT - Physical Fitness OT - Telemedicine COIS- Competing interests: None declared. EDAT- 2026/04/29 00:34 MHDA- 2026/04/29 00:35 PMCR- 2026/04/28 CRDT- 2026/04/28 20:43 PHST- 2026/04/29 00:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/29 00:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/28 20:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjopen-2025-114465 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2025-114465 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Open. 2026 Apr 28;16(4):e114465. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2025-114465. PMID- 42049186 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260826 LR - 20260923 IS - 1543-5474 (Electronic) IS - 1543-3080 (Print) IS - 1543-3080 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep 1 TI - Feasibility, Acceptability, and Preliminary Impact of an Online Latina Mother-Daughter Physical Activity Intervention. PG - 1250-1259 LID - 10.1123/jpah.2025-0646 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Latina girls have low rates of moderate to vigorous physical activity (PA) compared with their male counterparts and non-Hispanic White girls. The current study examines the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary impact of Conmigo, a mother-daughter PA intervention for preadolescent Latinas (ages 8-11) delivered online. METHODS: Seventy-nine mother-daughter dyads were recruited. Dyads were randomized to a PA intervention or a delayed, abbreviated control condition. The PA intervention consisted of 12 weekly 1.5-hour virtual PA sessions. Feasibility was measured by the delivery, receipt, and enactment of the intervention; acceptability was measured by satisfaction in surveys and interviews in the PA intervention condition. PA and associated secondary outcomes were measured at baseline and follow-up (12 wk) using accelerometry and self-report. RESULTS: Most mothers had some college education (63.3%), and 44.3% worked full time; most daughters were US-born (91.1%) compared with mothers (38.0%). Program fidelity was high (81%-95%) with a mean attendance of 6.2 (SD = 4.6) across 12 sessions. Satisfaction was high (mean = 4.6, SD = 0.8). Qualitative findings indicated that the curriculum met families' needs. No significant changes were observed in daughters' accelerometer-assessed or self-reported PA. A marginal improvement (B = 0.37, P < .05) was found in limit-setting behavior; other parenting outcomes and dyadic effects were nonsignificant. CONCLUSIONS: Qualitative and quantitative findings were not fully aligned regarding feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary impact of the online Conmigo program. Nonetheless, online mother-daughter PA interventions may represent a scalable strategy to have high reach among Latino families. FAU - Arredondo, Elva M AU - Arredondo EM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9715-692X AD - Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA. AD - Institute for Behavioral and Community Health (IBACH), San Diego State University Foundation, San Diego, CA, USA. FAU - Schneider, Jennifer L AU - Schneider JL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4560-150X AD - Institute for Behavioral and Community Health (IBACH), San Diego State University Foundation, San Diego, CA, USA. FAU - Torres-Ruiz, Marisa S AU - Torres-Ruiz MS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7778-2114 AD - Institute for Behavioral and Community Health (IBACH), San Diego State University Foundation, San Diego, CA, USA. FAU - Telles, Victoria M AU - Telles VM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7220-0181 AD - Institute for Behavioral and Community Health (IBACH), San Diego State University Foundation, San Diego, CA, USA. AD - Joint Doctoral Program in Public Health at San Diego State University-University of California, San Diego, CA, USA. FAU - Butte, Katie AU - Butte K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1253-9586 AD - Department of Health and Human Performance, Seattle Pacific University, Seattle, WA, USA. FAU - Lafuente, Oliva AU - Lafuente O AD - Institute for Behavioral and Community Health (IBACH), San Diego State University Foundation, San Diego, CA, USA. FAU - Formagini, Taynara AU - Formagini T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9318-5734 AD - Institute for Behavioral and Community Health (IBACH), San Diego State University Foundation, San Diego, CA, USA. AD - Department of Family Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA. FAU - Cisneroz, Athena AU - Cisneroz A AD - Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA. FAU - Roesch, Scott C AU - Roesch SC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6574-1916 AD - Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA. FAU - Baranowski, Tom AU - Baranowski T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0653-2222 AD - Pediatrics-Nutrition, USDA Funded Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. FAU - Ayala, Guadalupe X AU - Ayala GX AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3850-5798 AD - Institute for Behavioral and Community Health (IBACH), San Diego State University Foundation, San Diego, CA, USA. AD - School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA. LA - eng GR - S21 MD010690/MD/NIMHD NIH HHS/United States GR - K24 HL173681/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - 58-6250-0-008/U.S. Department of Agriculture Research Center/ GR - R21 HD100776/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 HL079891/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20260428 PL - United States TA - J Phys Act Health JT - Journal of physical activity & health JID - 101189457 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Hispanic or Latino MH - Feasibility Studies MH - *Exercise MH - Child MH - *Health Promotion/methods MH - *Mothers MH - Adult MH - Accelerometry MH - *Mother-Child Relations MH - *Nuclear Family PMC - PMC13421821 MID - NIHMS2195906 OTO - NOTNLM OT - cultural adaptation OT - dyadic analysis OT - family-based health promotion OT - health equity OT - parenting practices EDAT- 2026/04/29 00:34 MHDA- 2026/08/27 04:07 PMCR- 2026/07/31 CRDT- 2026/04/28 19:33 PHST- 2025/09/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/27 04:07 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/29 00:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/28 19:33 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1123/jpah.2025-0646 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Phys Act Health. 2026 Apr 28;23(9):1250-1259. doi: 10.1123/jpah.2025-0646. Print 2026 Sep 1. PMID- 42048990 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260727 IS - 1879-2219 (Electronic) IS - 0966-6362 (Linking) VI - 128 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Agreement between the pedobarography results of emed-x(R) and emed-xl(R) platforms in children and adults. PG - 110204 LID - S0966-6362(26)00114-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2026.110204 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Plantar pressure platforms are a widely utilized tool in research and in clinical settings. They help clinicians understand the dynamic interaction of the foot as it contacts the ground throughout stance phase. As technology advances, new models are incorporated as labs upgrade equipment. For longitudinal studies or multicenter collections, it is important to ensure data is comparable between models. METHODS: Twenty-four participants walked barefoot to a self-selected metronome speed across an emed-x(R) and emed-xl(R) platform. Five trials from one foot were averaged for each participant for both platforms. Plantar pressure variables of interest included contact area (CA), contact time (CT), and mean force (MF) for the medial and lateral hindfoot and midfoot, as well as the 1st metatarsal, 2nd metatarsal, and 3rd-5th metatarsals. Statistical analysis included Wilcoxon's Signed Ranked test for paired group comparisons and Intra Class Correlation Coefficients (ICC) were assessed. FINDINGS: Agreement was found between emed-x(R) and emed-xl (R) in total CT of the foot as a whole (not sectionalized) and all metatarsal regions in MF. Significant differences were found between platforms in all regions of the foot for CA and CT, with differences in MF for the hindfoot and midfoot regions. The ICC values resulted in a wide variety of correlations for CA, CT, and MF in various regions of the foot. INTERPRETATIONS: To maintain consistency, it is best practice to utilize the same plantar pressure platform across data collections knowing there are discrepancies in data between models, even from the same manufacturer. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Blackwood, Victoria AU - Blackwood V AD - Scottish Rite for Children, Dallas, TX, USA. Electronic address: Victoria.blackwood@tsrh.org. FAU - Stevens, Wilshaw R Jr AU - Stevens WR Jr AD - Scottish Rite for Children, Dallas, TX, USA. FAU - Jeans, Kelly A AU - Jeans KA AD - Scottish Rite for Children, Dallas, TX, USA. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260424 PL - England TA - Gait Posture JT - Gait & posture JID - 9416830 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Pressure MH - *Foot/physiology MH - Female MH - Male MH - Adult MH - Biomechanical Phenomena MH - Child MH - Young Adult MH - *Walking/physiology MH - Adolescent OTO - NOTNLM OT - Emed OT - Pedobarograph OT - Plantar pressure platform COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/04/29 00:34 MHDA- 2026/05/16 00:37 CRDT- 2026/04/28 18:10 PHST- 2025/11/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/16 00:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/29 00:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/28 18:10 [entrez] AID - S0966-6362(26)00114-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2026.110204 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Gait Posture. 2026 Jul;128:110204. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2026.110204. Epub 2026 Apr 24. PMID- 42048665 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260612 LR - 20260617 IS - 2191-0251 (Electronic) IS - 0334-018X (Linking) VI - 39 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun 24 TI - Predicting abdominal obesity in children and adolescents via machine learning: a longitudinal cohort study. PG - 545-555 LID - 10.1515/jpem-2025-0321 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to construct and verify machine learning (ML) models to predict long-term abdominal obesity (AO) risk in children and adolescents. METHODS: We trained and externally validated ML models to predict pediatric AO 4-5 years later using a publicly available longitudinal cohort. The body roundness index (BRI) was used as the diagnostic criterion for AO. The training/internal-validation cohort comprised 635 youths (2011-->2015); an independent 2006-->2011 cohort (n=456) provided external validation. After screening 25 routine variables and multiple imputation, four ML algorithms were evaluated by area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity and F1-score across all three datasets. RESULTS: Among 635 children and adolescents in the raw-training set followed for four years, 164 (25.83 %) developed AO. Univariable analysis identified 12 significant baseline predictors (p<0.1); multivariable logistic regression (LR) retained five independent factors: body mass index (BMI), height, carbohydrate intake, reading/writing activity and urban residence. Four machine-learning algorithms were trained and validated; LR demonstrated the most stable performance across training (AUC=0.705), internal validation (AUC=0.742) and external validation (AUC=0.667) datasets. CONCLUSIONS: The LR model stands out as a potential tool in predicting long-term AO risk in children and adolescents. CI - (c) 2026 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston. FAU - Ding, Xiaoyan AU - Ding X AD - Pediatric Department, Beijing Anzhen Nanchong Hospital, Capital Medical University & Nanchong Central Hospital, Nanchong, China. FAU - Fang, Xiao AU - Fang X AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-7358-1349 AD - 85407 National Science Library (Chengdu), Chinese Academy of Sciences , Chengdu, China. FAU - Bai, Jing AU - Bai J AD - Pediatric Department, Beijing Anzhen Nanchong Hospital, Capital Medical University & Nanchong Central Hospital, Nanchong, China. FAU - Liu, Rui AU - Liu R AD - Pediatric Department, Beijing Anzhen Nanchong Hospital, Capital Medical University & Nanchong Central Hospital, Nanchong, China. FAU - Ma, Can AU - Ma C AD - School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260427 PL - Germany TA - J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab JT - Journal of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism : JPEM JID - 9508900 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - *Obesity, Abdominal/diagnosis/epidemiology MH - *Machine Learning MH - Female MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Male MH - *Body Mass Index MH - Predictive Learning Models MH - Prognosis MH - Prediction Algorithms MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Risk Factors MH - Classification Algorithms MH - ROC Curve MH - *Pediatric Obesity/diagnosis/epidemiology MH - Algorithms OTO - NOTNLM OT - abdominal obesity OT - adolescent OT - child OT - logistic models OT - machine learning EDAT- 2026/04/28 18:33 MHDA- 2026/06/13 00:38 CRDT- 2026/04/28 17:13 PHST- 2025/06/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/13 00:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/28 18:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/28 17:13 [entrez] AID - jpem-2025-0321 [pii] AID - 10.1515/jpem-2025-0321 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2026 Apr 27;39(6):545-555. doi: 10.1515/jpem-2025-0321. Print 2026 Jun 24. PMID- 42048577 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260715 IS - 1613-9860 (Electronic) IS - 1613-9860 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jan 7 TI - Using EPIS and facilitation to support delivery of classroom-based physical activity interventions: a case study. LID - ibag005 [pii] LID - 10.1093/tbm/ibag005 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Youth physical inactivity is a major public health concern, particularly in schools serving socioeconomically disadvantaged children. Classroom-based physical activity (PA) interventions offer structured, equitable opportunities for movement, but adoption-fidelity gaps persist. Implementation science frameworks can support schools in aligning interventions with local context and sustaining delivery. PURPOSE: This study examined the feasibility of using the Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, and Sustainment (EPIS) framework, paired with facilitation by trained regional school health coordinators, to guide classroom PA implementation in a Michigan elementary school. METHODS: An EPIS-aligned implementation guide was developed and refined through a two-phase process to ensure theoretical grounding and practical applicability. Six coordinators were trained and evaluated the training using validated measures of acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility. One coordinator facilitated InPACT implementation at a single school over 18 months, supporting pre-implementation, rollout, and early sustainment. Implementation was documented using the Hexagon Tool, RE-AIM, Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles, and routine administrative data. RESULTS: Coordinators rated the training highly on all measures. In the pilot school, teachers delivered an average of three PA breaks per day, with lower-elementary classrooms averaging four and upper-elementary classrooms averaging two. Fidelity was supported through structured ramp-up, teacher training, technical assistance, and classroom tracking. Integration into school systems helped to fill gaps in the school district wellness policy. Behavioral referral data indicated a 34% reduction in minor classroom incidents over the first year of implementation. CONCLUSIONS: EPIS-guided implementation with facilitation is feasible for supporting adoption, fidelity, and early sustainment of classroom PA. Structured pre-implementation planning, phase-specific support, and alignment with school priorities are critical. Multi-site studies are needed to examine grade-specific strategies, fidelity variability, and long-term sustainment. CI - (c) Society of Behavioral Medicine 2026. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site-for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com. FAU - Hasson, Rebecca E AU - Hasson RE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4526-2656 AD - University of Michigan School of Kinesiology, Ann Arbor, MI, United States. FAU - Dros, Danielle AU - Dros D AD - Washtenaw Intermediate School District, Ann Arbor, MI, United States. FAU - Roy-Borland, Heidi AU - Roy-Borland H AD - Whitmore Lake Elementary School, Whitmore Lake, MI, United States. FAU - Eisman, Andria B AU - Eisman AB AD - Center for Health and Community Impact, Wayne State University College of Education, Detroit, MI, United States. FAU - Friday, Penelope J AU - Friday PJ AD - University of Michigan School of Kinesiology, Ann Arbor, MI, United States. FAU - Schwartz, Anna AU - Schwartz A AD - University of Michigan School of Kinesiology, Ann Arbor, MI, United States. FAU - Abbas, Hala I AU - Abbas HI AD - University of Michigan School of Kinesiology, Ann Arbor, MI, United States. LA - eng GR - R-2204-150254/Michigan Health Endowment Fund/ PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Transl Behav Med JT - Translational behavioral medicine JID - 101554668 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Schools MH - *Exercise MH - *Health Promotion/methods MH - Child MH - *School Health Services MH - Implementation Science MH - Michigan MH - Feasibility Studies OAB - Many children do not get enough physical activity (PA) during school, especially in under-resourced settings. This inactivity can negatively affect physical, emotional, and cognitive development. We tested whether the EPIS framework-Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, and Sustainment-combined with facilitation provided by trained regional school health coordinators, could help schools adopt and maintain InPACT (Interrupting Prolonged Sitting with Activity), a classroom-based PA intervention. Facilitation means hands-on support for teachers and leaders, including strategic thinking and problem-solving, and guidance on using EPIS-aligned tools. InPACT encourages teachers to provide short activity breaks throughout the school day. Six coordinators were trained to use the guide combining EPIS with facilitation. One elementary school piloted the approach for over 18 months. Teachers delivered an average of three activity breaks daily, with younger grades averaging more than older ones. Teachers and administrators also reported improved student behavior, and the school embedded activity breaks into staff onboarding to ensure long-term use. Our findings show that EPIS with facilitation can help schools plan, deliver, monitor, and sustain classroom activity breaks. Larger studies are needed to strengthen evidence and support wider adoption. OABL- eng OTO - NOTNLM OT - exercise OT - health promotion OT - implementation science OT - program sustainability OT - schools EDAT- 2026/04/28 18:33 MHDA- 2026/04/28 18:34 CRDT- 2026/04/28 15:13 PHST- 2025/09/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/12/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/01/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/28 18:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/28 18:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/28 15:13 [entrez] AID - 8664265 [pii] AID - 10.1093/tbm/ibag005 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Transl Behav Med. 2026 Jan 7;16(1):ibag005. doi: 10.1093/tbm/ibag005. PMID- 42048259 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260901 IS - 2561-326X (Electronic) IS - 2561-326X (Linking) VI - 10 DP - 2026 Apr 28 TI - A Formative Evaluation of Parental Perceptions Related to Acceptability, Appropriateness, Feasibility, and Reported Use of an e-Learning Resource Targeting Diet in the First 1000 Days: Survey Study. PG - e84277 LID - 10.2196/84277 [doi] LID - e84277 AB - BACKGROUND: In October 2022, the Nutrition Now (NN) e-learning resource was implemented within Maternal and Child Healthcare centers and Early Childhood Education and Care centers of a southern Norwegian municipality. The e-learning resource targets expectant parents, parents of children aged 0-2 years, and Early Childhood Education and Care staff, aiming to promote healthy dietary behaviors during the first 1000 days of life. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore parental perceptions related to the acceptability, appropriateness, feasibility, and reported use of the NN e-learning resource among parents. METHODS: From October 2022 to May 2023, expecting parents and parents of children aged 0-2 years were recruited from 2 Norwegian municipalities, one intervention group receiving access to the NN e-learning resource, and one control. Participants in the intervention group received a web-based follow-up questionnaire 7 months after gaining access to the NN e-learning resource. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. RESULTS: Of the 179 participants in the NN study intervention group, 48 completed the web-based follow-up questionnaire administered 7 months after enrollment. Parents rated the e-learning resource positively on items assessing whether they liked and appreciated the resource, perceived it as an appropriate source of information, and found it doable and easy to use. Most respondents reported visiting the resource (38/48, 79%), although only 21% (10/48) reported frequent visits. Less than half of the participants answering the web-based follow-up questionnaire reported having watched the theme films (20/48, 42%), the recipe films (17/48, 35%), or making food using recipes provided in the e-learning resource (20/48, 42%). CONCLUSIONS: Parents rated the NN e-learning resource positively but reported limited use. These findings point to the need for strategies that enhance engagement with self-guided digital interventions among expectant parents and parents of young children. Future efforts should focus on identifying how to maximize potential adoption of the e-learning resource and evaluate its impact to promote healthy dietary behaviors during the first 1000 days of life. CI - (c) Natalie Garzon Osorio, Froydis Nordgard Vik, Elisabet Rudjord Hillesund, Sissel Heidi Helland, Penelope Love, Marianne Hope Abel, Harry Rutter, Andrew Keith Wills, Christine Helle, Tormod Bjorkkjaer, Nina Cecilie Overby, Anine Christine Medin. Originally published in JMIR Formative Research (https://formative.jmir.org). FAU - Osorio, Natalie Garzon AU - Osorio NG AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-3064-3137 AD - Department of Nutrition and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Universitetsveien 25, Kristiansand, 4630, Norway, +4799570261. FAU - Vik, Froydis Nordgard AU - Vik FN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7324-0070 AD - Department of Nutrition and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Universitetsveien 25, Kristiansand, 4630, Norway, +4799570261. FAU - Hillesund, Elisabet Rudjord AU - Hillesund ER AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0757-1861 AD - Department of Nutrition and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Universitetsveien 25, Kristiansand, 4630, Norway, +4799570261. FAU - Helland, Sissel Heidi AU - Helland SH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7141-5524 AD - Department of Nutrition and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Universitetsveien 25, Kristiansand, 4630, Norway, +4799570261. FAU - Love, Penelope AU - Love P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1244-3947 AD - Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia. FAU - Abel, Marianne Hope AU - Abel MH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6519-2064 AD - Centre for Evaluation of Public Health Measures, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Rutter, Harry AU - Rutter H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9322-0656 AD - Department of Nutrition and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Universitetsveien 25, Kristiansand, 4630, Norway, +4799570261. AD - Centre for 21st Century Public Health, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom. FAU - Wills, Andrew Keith AU - Wills AK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9751-4707 AD - Department of Nutrition and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Universitetsveien 25, Kristiansand, 4630, Norway, +4799570261. FAU - Helle, Christine AU - Helle C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2113-9218 AD - Department of Nutrition and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Universitetsveien 25, Kristiansand, 4630, Norway, +4799570261. FAU - Bjorkkjaer, Tormod AU - Bjorkkjaer T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2337-055X AD - Department of Nutrition and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Universitetsveien 25, Kristiansand, 4630, Norway, +4799570261. FAU - Overby, Nina Cecilie AU - Overby NC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1871-041X AD - Department of Nutrition and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Universitetsveien 25, Kristiansand, 4630, Norway, +4799570261. FAU - Medin, Anine Christine AU - Medin AC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4154-6264 AD - Department of Nutrition and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Universitetsveien 25, Kristiansand, 4630, Norway, +4799570261. LA - eng SI - ISRCTN/ISRCTN10694967 PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20260428 PL - Canada TA - JMIR Form Res JT - JMIR formative research JID - 101726394 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Parents/psychology/education MH - Male MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Norway MH - Adult MH - Infant MH - Feasibility Studies MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Perception MH - *Diet MH - Infant, Newborn PMC - PMC13123635 OTO - NOTNLM OT - AIM OT - Acceptability of Intervention Measure OT - FIM OT - Feasibility of Intervention Measure OT - IAM OT - Intervention Appropriateness Measure OT - diet intervention OT - digital health OT - digital intervention OT - e-learning resource OT - first 1000 days COIS- Conflicts of Interest: None declared. EDAT- 2026/04/28 18:33 MHDA- 2026/04/28 18:34 PMCR- 2026/04/28 CRDT- 2026/04/28 13:12 PHST- 2025/09/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/28 18:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/28 18:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/28 13:12 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v10i1e84277 [pii] AID - 84277 [pii] AID - 10.2196/84277 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JMIR Form Res. 2026 Apr 28;10:e84277. doi: 10.2196/84277. PMID- 42047932 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260628 LR - 20260921 IS - 1573-0972 (Electronic) IS - 0959-3993 (Print) IS - 0959-3993 (Linking) VI - 42 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Apr 28 TI - Species sorting shapes the divergence of a traditional fermented dairy-derived bacterial community with repeatable functionality during propagation with alternative substrates. LID - 10.1007/s11274-026-04830-3 [doi] LID - 243 AB - Species sorting underlies changes in microbial community composition under varying environments, yet predicting the species diversity and their functional outcomes when exposed to novel conditions remains challenging. We explored this using mabisi, a Zambian traditional fermented milk, by propagating a shared starting mabisi microbial community across five novel substrates - raw bovine milk (control), low-fat milk, full-cream milk, and the infant formulas F100 and S26 - under static conditions and fixed dilution for ~ 33 generations, at three rural farm sites. The microbial community composition was profiled through 16 S rDNA sequencing, and community-level functioning through volatile organic compounds, pH, and consistency. We observed a substrate-driven divergence of microbial communities, with low-fat milk enriched with Acetobacter, full-cream milk enriched with Lactococcus, and S26 enriched with Lactiplantibacillus and Leuconostoc. This pattern exhibited a temporal community succession but remained consistent between sites. Similarly, the community-level functionality diverged but remained largely repeatable to properties known for mabisi. Our findings suggest that novel environments drive a species sorting process in natural microbial communities, and this process persists over time. Additionally, the repeatability of its community-level functionality points to underlying functional redundancy within diverse and successive microbial communities. Our study not only advances the understanding of how microbial communities adapt to environmental changes but also provides a basis for harnessing the mabisi-derived microbial community for broad biotechnological applications, particularly supporting the feasibility and effectiveness of its use in an in-house formulated F100 infant formula for treating malnourished children in developing regions. FAU - Nehanda, Shepherd AU - Nehanda S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-4297-8829 AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, National Health Research and Training Institute (Formerly Tropical Diseases Research Centre), Ndola, Zambia. nehandas@tdrc.org.zm. AD - Laboratory of Genetics and Laboratory of Food Microbiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands. nehandas@tdrc.org.zm. FAU - Alekseeva, Anna Y AU - Alekseeva AY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0164-0539 AD - Laboratory of Genetics and Laboratory of Food Microbiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands. FAU - van Mastrigt, Oscar AU - van Mastrigt O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6576-910X AD - Laboratory of Genetics and Laboratory of Food Microbiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands. FAU - Chileshe, Justin AU - Chileshe J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4134-2851 AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, National Health Research and Training Institute (Formerly Tropical Diseases Research Centre), Ndola, Zambia. FAU - Zwaan, Bas J AU - Zwaan BJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8221-4998 AD - Laboratory of Genetics and Laboratory of Food Microbiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands. FAU - Smid, Eddy J AU - Smid EJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6687-5083 AD - Laboratory of Genetics and Laboratory of Food Microbiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands. FAU - Schoustra, Sijmen E AU - Schoustra SE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7843-5539 AD - Laboratory of Genetics and Laboratory of Food Microbiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands. sijmen.schoustra@wur.nl. AD - Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia. sijmen.schoustra@wur.nl. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260428 PL - Germany TA - World J Microbiol Biotechnol JT - World journal of microbiology & biotechnology JID - 9012472 RN - 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 16S) RN - 0 (Volatile Organic Compounds) RN - 0 (DNA, Bacterial) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Fermentation MH - *Cultured Milk Products/microbiology MH - *Milk/microbiology MH - Cattle MH - *Bacteria/classification/genetics/isolation & purification/metabolism MH - RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics MH - *Microbiota MH - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration MH - Infant Formula/microbiology MH - Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis MH - Lactococcus MH - Biodiversity MH - Food Microbiology MH - DNA, Bacterial/genetics MH - Acetobacter/isolation & purification MH - Phylogeny PMC - PMC13124831 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adaptation OT - Diversity OT - Infant formula OT - Lactic acid bacteria OT - Natural microbial community OT - Selection COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/28 17:38 MHDA- 2026/06/28 13:04 PMCR- 2026/04/28 CRDT- 2026/04/28 11:20 PHST- 2025/10/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/01/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/28 13:04 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/28 17:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/28 11:20 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s11274-026-04830-3 [pii] AID - 4830 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s11274-026-04830-3 [doi] PST - epublish SO - World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2026 Apr 28;42(5):243. doi: 10.1007/s11274-026-04830-3. PMID- 42047227 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260813 IS - 2047-7163 (Electronic) IS - 0036-8504 (Print) IS - 0036-8504 (Linking) VI - 109 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Apr-Jun TI - Does three-dimensional facial morphology relate to risk of sleep-disordered breathing in children? A cross-sectional study. PG - 368504261446472 LID - 10.1177/00368504261446472 [doi] LID - 00368504261446472 AB - ObjectiveTo assess the feasibility of three-dimensional (3D) stereophotogrammetry as a tool in pediatric outpatient assessment, in exploring associations between facial morphometric parameters of children aged 2-17 years, and their risk of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) as evidenced by their Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) score.MethodsA cross-sectional study of 180 pediatric patients (aged 2-17 years) recruited consecutively from a tertiary pediatric otolaryngology clinic. 3D facial images were acquired using stereophotogrammetry, and patients' SDB risk was evaluated using the validated PSQ. Linear regression models assessed associations between PSQ scores and demographic and facial morphometric variables. Geometric morphometric (GMM) analysis was performed to assess differences in facial morphology between subjects at high and low risk for SDB.Results33.9% of patients scored at high risk for SDB. No statistically significant associations were found between PSQ score and any 3D facial morphometric parameter. PSQ score was not associated with sex, age, agexsex interaction, or body mass index. Geometric morphometric analysis found no difference in facial shape between those at high risk for SDB and those at lower risk.ConclusionsStereophotogrammetry may be successfully applied in a specialist pediatric outpatient clinic as a non-invasive and low-resource method for measuring 3D facial features. No linear or angular measurements assessed in this study were found to have a strong correlation with PSQ score. These findings suggest that 3D external facial soft-tissue measures may not add discriminatory value beyond symptom-based screening in this tertiary clinic setting, and that facial morphology alone is unlikely to be a sufficient screening tool for pediatric SDB. Screening should primarily be based on patient signs and symptoms, and consideration of internal anatomical factors. FAU - Pliska, Benjamin T AU - Pliska BT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8935-7203 AD - Division of Orthodontics, Department of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. RINGGOLD: 8166 FAU - Wu, Felix Y H AU - Wu FYH AD - Division of Orthodontics, Department of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. RINGGOLD: 8166 FAU - Liu, Alice Q AU - Liu AQ AD - Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada. FAU - Vora, Siddharth R AU - Vora SR AD - Division of Orthodontics, Department of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. RINGGOLD: 8166 FAU - Chadha, Neil K AU - Chadha NK AD - Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260428 PL - England TA - Sci Prog JT - Science progress JID - 0411361 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - Male MH - Child, Preschool MH - Adolescent MH - *Sleep Apnea Syndromes/diagnosis/pathology MH - *Face/anatomy & histology MH - Photogrammetry/methods MH - *Imaging, Three-Dimensional MH - Risk Factors MH - Surveys and Questionnaires PMC - PMC13145041 OTO - NOTNLM OT - craniofacial morphology OT - geometric morphometrics OT - obstructive sleep apnea OT - pediatrics OT - sleep-disordered breathing OT - snoring OT - stereophotogrammetry COIS- Declaration of conflicting interestsThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. EDAT- 2026/04/28 17:38 MHDA- 2026/04/28 17:39 PMCR- 2026/04/28 CRDT- 2026/04/28 06:23 PHST- 2026/04/28 17:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/28 17:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/28 06:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1177_00368504261446472 [pii] AID - 10.1177/00368504261446472 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Sci Prog. 2026 Apr-Jun;109(2):368504261446472. doi: 10.1177/00368504261446472. Epub 2026 Apr 28. PMID- 42047137 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260818 IS - 1972-6007 (Electronic) IS - 0009-9074 (Linking) VI - 177 IP - 3 DP - 2026 May-Jun TI - Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index as a Predictor of Sarcopenia in Egyptian Patients with Viral Hepatitis-Related Liver Cirrhosis. PG - 502-516 LID - 10.7417/CT.2026.2035 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Sarcopenia is a prevalent yet underdiagnosed complication in elderly patients with liver cirrhosis, associated with poor outcomes and increased frailty. In low-resource settings, the use of advanced imaging techniques for sarcopenia assessment is often limited. The Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) is a simple tool that may serve as a surrogate marker for sarcopenia, particularly in high-risk populations such as elderly cirrhotic patients with viral hepatitis. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical utility of the GNRI in predicting sarcopenia and its severity in elderly Egyptian patients with viral hepatitis-related liver cirrhosis, and to explore its correlations with liver function scores and physical performance indices. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 90 elderly patients (aged >/= 60 years) with viral hepatitis-related cirrhosis. Sarcopenia was diagnosed and staged according to EWGSOP2 criteria, incorporating measurements of muscle strength (handgrip), muscle mass (calf circumference), and physical performance (gait speed, KATZ index). GNRI was calculated using serum albumin and body weight. Liver disease severity was assessed using Child-Pugh and ALBI scores. Correlations between GNRI, sarcopenia components, and liver scores were analyzed, and diagnostic accuracy of GNRI and Child score in predicting severe sarcopenia was evaluated. RESULTS: The prevalence of sarcopenia in the cohort was 95.5%, with 42.2% classified as having severe sarcopenia. GNRI showed significant positive correlations with muscle strength (r = 0.536, p < 0.001), gait speed (r = 0.377, p = 0.001), and negative correlations with Child score (r = -0.240, p = 0.023) and ALBI score (r = -0.380, p < 0.001). A GNRI /= 34 weeks (n = 29) based on the gestational age at diagnosis. Baseline characteristics, management strategies, and perinatal outcomes were compared among the three groups. RESULTS: The utilization rate of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) in the group of < 28 weeks was significantly higher than that of >/= 34 weeks (87.50% vs. 13.79%, p < 0.001). Compared to the >/= 34-week group, the groups of < 28 weeks and 28-33(+)(6) weeks demonstrated a higher rate of expectant management, an earlier gestational age at delivery, and a longer time of pregnancy prolongation (all p < 0.05). Neonatal birth weight increased with increasing gestational age at UAT diagnosis, in which the group of >/= 34 weeks had higher birth weight than those of < 28 weeks (p = 0.031) and 28-33(+)(6) weeks (p = 0.003). Neonates in the earlier gestational age groups required significantly longer neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) stays (all p < 0.001). Notably, in the group of < 34 weeks, expectant management showed a higher delivery gestational age (p = 0.020) and a lower NICU admission rate (p = 0.024) than emergency cesarean delivery, while in the >/= 34-week group no statistically significant differences were observed. CONCLUSIONS: In this retrospective study, expectant management was associated with higher delivery gestational age and lower NICU admission rate than emergency cesarean delivery for UAT diagnosed before 34 weeks, whereas no significant differences between the two strategies were observed for diagnoses at or after 34 weeks. These hypothesis-generating findings require validation in prospective, multicenter studies. FAU - Wang, Lin AU - Wang L AD - Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Zou, Yuqing AU - Zou Y AD - Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Jing, Xiaolin AU - Jing X AD - Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Zhou, Ying AU - Zhou Y AD - Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Han, Xiujun AU - Han X AD - Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Hu, Ying AU - Hu Y AD - Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China. 5309001@zju.edu.cn. FAU - Xu, Jian AU - Xu J AD - Department of Assisted Reproduction, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, China. xuj@zju.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260427 PL - England TA - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth JT - BMC pregnancy and childbirth JID - 100967799 RN - 0 (Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight) RN - 0 (Anticoagulants) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Gestational Age MH - *Cesarean Section/statistics & numerical data MH - *Umbilical Arteries MH - *Thrombosis/therapy/drug therapy MH - China MH - *Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight/therapeutic use MH - Adult MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Tertiary Care Centers MH - Pregnancy Outcome MH - Anticoagulants/therapeutic use MH - *Watchful Waiting MH - Birth Weight MH - *Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular/therapy PMC - PMC13255401 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Gestational age OT - Low molecular weight heparin OT - Management strategy OT - Perinatal outcomes OT - Umbilical artery thrombosis COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (approval number: IRB-20250114-R), and was performed in accordance with Declaration of Helsinki. The patients provided written informed consent. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants at the time of hospital admission as part of the institutional consent process for obstetric care. This standardized form includes a section permitting the use of de-identified clinical data for retrospective research. All patients included in this study signed this form. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/28 00:33 MHDA- 2026/06/27 18:39 PMCR- 2026/04/27 CRDT- 2026/04/27 23:55 PHST- 2025/10/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 18:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/28 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/27 23:55 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09165-3 [pii] AID - 9165 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09165-3 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2026 Apr 27;26(1):638. doi: 10.1186/s12884-026-09165-3. PMID- 42045843 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260627 LR - 20260926 IS - 1471-2393 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2393 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 27 TI - Mode of delivery for confirmed macrosomia: a real-life multicentric observational study. LID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09090-5 [doi] LID - 640 AB - INTRODUCTION: Macrosomia, defined as a birth weight exceeding 4,000 grams, is an increasing concern in obstetric practice due to its associated delivery risks. Early induction of labor for large-for-gestational-age fetuses has been proposed to reduce shoulder dystocia and birth trauma, but the impact on maternal outcomes remains controversial. METHODS: This retrospective multicenter study was conducted across three French university hospitals over a five-year period (2017-2023). Included were women with singleton term deliveries (>/=37 weeks) and confirmed birth weight >4,000 g. Women with more than one previous cesarean, multiple pregnancy, breech presentation, or medical indications for elective cesarean were excluded. Labor induction was performed according to local DAME-based protocols. Patients were admitted either the morning of or the day before induction. For a Bishop score <6, cervical ripening was proposed using prostaglandins, oral misoprostol, or a double-balloon catheter, with method selection based on patient preference. For a Bishop score >/=6, induction of contractions was initiated using prostaglandins. The primary outcome was mode of delivery; secondary outcomes included postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), perineal injury, and neonatal morbidity (Apgar score, cord pH, shoulder dystocia). Analyses were adjusted for maternal age, pre-pregnancy BMI, parity, diabetes, and birth weight. RESULTS: Among 76,375 deliveries, 4,300 met inclusion criteria (1,794 inductions and 2,496 spontaneous labors). Induction was associated with higher cesarean rates (45% vs. 10%; adjusted OR 2.43 [1.42-4.17] at 38 weeks and 1.85 [1.24-2.78] at 39 weeks) and increased PPH (27% vs. 15%; adjusted OR 1.82 [1.17-2.84] and 1.51 [1.08-2.11], respectively). Multiparity was protective, while each BMI unit increased cesarean risk by 6%. No significant differences were observed in Apgar <7, shoulder dystocia, or neonatal pH. Results were consistent in sensitivity analyses using >/=90th and >/=95th percentile thresholds. CONCLUSIONS: In confirmed macrosomia, labor induction was associated with increased cesarean delivery and postpartum hemorrhage without neonatal benefit. These findings highlight the need for cautious, individualized decision-making and improved accuracy of prenatal fetal weight estimation to reduce unnecessary inductions. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study was declared to CNIL: 23-5317 and registered on ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT06198881. (Registration date: January 10, 2024). FAU - Mazard, Alexia AU - Mazard A AD - Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Croix-Rousse Hospital, 103 Grande rue de la Croix Rousse, Lyon, 69001, France. alexia.mazard@chu-lyon.fr. FAU - Desseauve, David AU - Desseauve D AD - Obstetric Units, Child Couple University Hospital, University of Grenoble, Grenoble, F- 38700, France. AD - Obstetric research lab Department of Women-Mother-Child, Gynecology and Obstetrics Unit, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland. FAU - Boulvain, Michel AU - Boulvain M AD - Obstetric research lab Department of Women-Mother-Child, Gynecology and Obstetrics Unit, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland. AD - UZ Brussel, VUB, Brussels, Belgium. FAU - Atallah, Anthony AU - Atallah A AD - Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Femme Mere Enfant Hospital, 59 Boulevard Pinel, Bron, 69500, France. AD - Laboratoire CarMeN - IRIS Team, INSERM U1060, INRA, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon-1, INSA-Lyon, Univ-Lyon, Bron, 69500, France. FAU - Massoud, Mona AU - Massoud M AD - Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Lyon Sud Hospital Center, Lyon, France. FAU - Gaucher, Laurent AU - Gaucher L AD - Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Femme Mere Enfant Hospital, 59 Boulevard Pinel, Bron, 69500, France. AD - Geneva School of Health Sciences, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Western Switzerland 47 av. de Champel, Geneva, CH-1206, Switzerland. AD - Research on Healthcare Performance (RESHAPE), Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1290, Lyon, F-69008, France. FAU - de la Fourniere, Benoit AU - de la Fourniere B AD - Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Croix-Rousse Hospital, 103 Grande rue de la Croix Rousse, Lyon, 69001, France. AD - LabTAU (INSERM 1032), Cours Albert Thomas, Lyon, France. AD - Laboratoire CarMeN - IRIS Team, INSERM U1060, INRA, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon-1, INSA-Lyon, Univ-Lyon, Bron, 69500, France. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT06198881 PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260427 PL - England TA - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth JT - BMC pregnancy and childbirth JID - 100967799 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *Fetal Macrosomia/therapy MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Adult MH - *Labor, Induced/methods/statistics & numerical data MH - *Delivery, Obstetric/methods/statistics & numerical data MH - France/epidemiology MH - Postpartum Hemorrhage/epidemiology MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Shoulder Dystocia MH - Cesarean Section/statistics & numerical data MH - Birth Weight PMC - PMC13255393 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cesarean section OT - France OT - Induction of labor OT - Macrosomia OT - Multicentric OT - Postpartum hemorrhage COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was approved by the Comite d'ethique des Hospices Civils de Lyon (reference: HCL2023_083) and conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent was waived due to the retrospective design of the study and the use of anonymized data, in compliance with French regulations (Loi Jarde - Decret n degrees 2016 - 1537). This waiver was granted by the ethics committee. Consent for publication: Informed consent for participation was waived due to the retrospective design of the study, which used fully anonymized data. This waiver was approved by the Comite d'ethique des Hospices Civils de Lyon. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/28 00:34 MHDA- 2026/06/27 18:36 PMCR- 2026/04/27 CRDT- 2026/04/27 23:54 PHST- 2025/06/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 18:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/28 00:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/27 23:54 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09090-5 [pii] AID - 9090 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09090-5 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2026 Apr 27;26(1):640. doi: 10.1186/s12884-026-09090-5. PMID- 42044871 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260610 LR - 20260610 IS - 2191-0251 (Electronic) IS - 0334-018X (Linking) VI - 39 IP - 5 DP - 2026 May 26 TI - Puberty promoting low dose testosterone treatment improved wellbeing and emotional state in boys with self-limited delayed puberty. PG - 425-431 LID - 10.1515/jpem-2025-0719 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: To evaluate changes in health-related quality of life in boys aged 14-16 years with delayed or slowly progressing puberty before and after low-dose testosterone treatment. Delayed puberty can cause short stature, emotional distress, and social challenges. Testosterone therapy promotes growth and masculinization, but its impact on quality of life remains poorly understood. Few studies have assessed psychosocial outcomes using validated instruments. METHODS: Twenty-seven boys enrolled in the Pubertal Replacement in Boys Study and were randomized to testosterone enanthate (75 mg/month for 6 months; n=12) (n=12) or testosterone undecanoate (n=12) (250 mg every 3 months; n=15). Standardized self-report questionnaires assessed generic quality of life (primary outcome), stature-specific quality of life, depressive symptoms, and enjoyment of physical activity. Assessments were conducted at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. RESULTS: Twenty-six boys completed the study. Both regimens induced pubertal progression and a mean growth of 9.3 cm 12 months after start of replacement treatment. Significant improvements were observed in generic quality of life and depressive symptoms, with early gains sustained through 12 months. No changes were detected in stature-specific quality of life or enjoyment of physical activity. No statistical differences were found between treatment groups at 6 or 12 months. Exploratory analyses suggested that baseline testosterone serum levels were modestly associated with changes in social functioning, whereas later serum levels showed no such relationship. CONCLUSIONS: Low-dose testosterone therapy improves generic quality of life and mood in boys with self-limited delayed puberty, likely reflecting successful pubertal progression. These findings highlight the importance of psychosocial outcomes as indicators of treatment success, beyond growth acceleration, and support structured follow-up to address the emotional needs of adolescents with delayed puberty. CI - (c) 2026 the author(s), published by De Gruyter, Berlin/Boston. FAU - Osterbrand, Martin AU - Osterbrand M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4684-1983 AD - Department of Paediatrics, Gothenburg Paediatric Growth Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. AD - Nal Uddevalla Sjukvarden (NU) Hospital Group, Trollhattan, Sweden. FAU - Fors, Hans AU - Fors H AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-2252-8545 AD - Department of Paediatrics, Gothenburg Paediatric Growth Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. AD - Gothenburg Department of Paediatrics, Endocrine Division, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden. FAU - Norjavaara, Ensio AU - Norjavaara E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0415-4843 AD - Department of Paediatrics, Gothenburg Paediatric Growth Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. AD - Gothenburg Department of Paediatrics, Endocrine Division, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden. FAU - Chaplin, John Eric AU - Chaplin JE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8128-4225 AD - Department of Paediatrics, Gothenburg Paediatric Growth Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20260424 PL - Germany TA - J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab JT - Journal of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism : JPEM JID - 9508900 RN - 3XMK78S47O (Testosterone) RN - 7Z6522T8N9 (testosterone enanthate) RN - H16A5VCT9C (testosterone undecanoate) RN - 0 (Androgens) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - *Puberty, Delayed/drug therapy/psychology MH - *Testosterone/analogs & derivatives/administration & dosage/therapeutic use MH - *Quality of Life MH - *Emotions/drug effects MH - *Puberty/drug effects MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Prognosis MH - *Androgens/administration & dosage MH - *Hormone Replacement Therapy OTO - NOTNLM OT - Kidscreen OT - delayed puberty OT - quality of life OT - testosterone EDAT- 2026/04/28 00:33 MHDA- 2026/06/10 11:43 CRDT- 2026/04/27 19:14 PHST- 2025/12/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/10 11:43 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/28 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/27 19:14 [entrez] AID - jpem-2025-0719 [pii] AID - 10.1515/jpem-2025-0719 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2026 Apr 24;39(5):425-431. doi: 10.1515/jpem-2025-0719. Print 2026 May 26. PMID- 42044770 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260606 LR - 20260726 IS - 1938-3207 (Electronic) IS - 0002-9165 (Print) IS - 0002-9165 (Linking) VI - 123 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Differential associations between menstrual blood loss scores and iron status in East Asian and Northern European individuals: findings from a cross-sectional analysis of the Iron Genes in East Asian and Northern European Adults Study (FeGenes) cohort. PG - 101326 LID - S0002-9165(26)00135-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2026.101326 [doi] LID - 101326 AB - BACKGROUND: Healthy adult females of East Asian (EA) ancestry have been reported to have higher iron (Fe) stores and Fe absorption and alterations in Fe regulatory hormones when compared with adult females of Northern European (NE) ancestry. OBJECTIVES: This cross-sectional study collected data on menstrual characteristics among adult females of genetically confirmed EA or NE ancestry and evaluated the potential impact of this factor on Fe status. METHODS: Data were obtained from premenopausal females aged 18 to 50 y [BMI (in kg/m(2)) 18-30] who were enrolled in the FeGenes study, which recruited healthy individuals of genetically confirmed EA or NE ancestry. Data on age at menarche, cycle frequency, menstrual bleeding duration, and use of menstrual products were collected from self-reported questionnaires, and menstrual blood loss (MBL) scores were calculated. Fe status was assessed through serum ferritin (microgram per liter), hepcidin (nanograms per milliliter), soluble transferrin (TF) receptor (milligram per liter), TF (milligram per deciliter), and calculated total body Fe (milligrams per kilogram). Group comparisons and associations with Fe status biomarkers were examined. RESULTS: EA females had an earlier median age at menarche [EA: 12.0 (IQR: 11.0, 13.0) y; NE: 13.0 (IQR: 12.0, 13.3) y; P = 0.002] and a higher MBL score [EA: 24.0 (IQR:17.5, 31.5); NE: 16.0 (IQR: 10.5, 27.9); P < 0.001] than NE females. In NE individuals, a higher MBL score was significantly associated with lower log-transformed serum ferritin (beta: ‒0.01; SE: 0.005; P = 0.004), total body Fe (beta: ‒0.06; SE: 0.02; P = 0.002), and higher log-transformed soluble TF receptor (beta: 0.005; SE: 0.001; P = 0.002). No associations between MBL score and Fe status were evident in EA females. CONCLUSIONS: Higher MBL scores are associated with lower Fe status in NE but not EA females. Greater attention and validated metrics are needed to evaluate MBL and better quantify Fe needs in reproductive-aged females. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT04198545. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 American Society for Nutrition. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Lee, Min-Ruei AU - Lee MR AD - Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States. FAU - Barad, Alexa AU - Barad A AD - Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States. FAU - Bender, Erica AU - Bender E AD - Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States. FAU - Thompson, Jennifer AU - Thompson J AD - Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States. FAU - Gu, Zhenglong AU - Gu Z AD - Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States. FAU - Pressman, Eva K AU - Pressman EK AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States. FAU - O'Brien, Kimberly O AU - O'Brien KO AD - Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States. Electronic address: koo4@cornell.edu. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT04198545 GR - R01 DK122216/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260425 PL - United States TA - Am J Clin Nutr JT - The American journal of clinical nutrition JID - 0376027 RN - 9007-73-2 (Ferritins) RN - 0 (Hepcidins) RN - E1UOL152H7 (Iron) RN - 0 (Receptors, Transferrin) RN - 0 (Transferrin) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Middle Aged MH - Young Adult MH - Cohort Studies MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Ferritins/blood MH - Hepcidins/blood MH - *Iron/blood/metabolism MH - *Menarche MH - Menorrhagia/blood MH - *Menstruation MH - Receptors, Transferrin/blood MH - Transferrin/metabolism MH - White People MH - East Asian People PMC - PMC13265119 MID - NIHMS2178913 OTO - NOTNLM OT - East Asian OT - Northern European OT - age at menarche OT - ancestry OT - iron deficiency OT - menstrual blood loss OT - serum ferritin OT - total body iron COIS- Conflict of interest The authors report no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/28 00:33 MHDA- 2026/06/06 18:42 PMCR- 2027/04/25 CRDT- 2026/04/27 19:13 PHST- 2025/12/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/06 18:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/28 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/27 19:13 [entrez] PHST- 2027/04/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0002-9165(26)00135-8 [pii] AID - 101326 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2026.101326 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Am J Clin Nutr. 2026 Jun;123(6):101326. doi: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2026.101326. Epub 2026 Apr 25. PMID- 42044742 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260819 LR - 20260916 IS - 2212-2672 (Print) IS - 2212-2672 (Linking) VI - 126 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Application of the Total Nutrient Index as a Precision Nutrition Tool to Address Dietary Recommendations Across the Life Course. PG - 156368 LID - S2212-2672(26)00083-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jand.2026.156368 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Indexes are a standardized tool for assessing dietary exposures from foods/beverages (F&B) and have recently been extended to include dietary supplements (DS). The Total Nutrient Index (TNI) (F&B + DS) and the Food Nutrient Index (FNI) (F&B only) were developed to assess micronutrient intakes relative to Dietary Reference Intakes for micronutrients and were previously examined for relative validity among US adults. OBJECTIVE: This study examined the micronutrient quality (ie, TNI and FNI) of the diet across all age groups and compared TNI and FNI total and component scores with Healthy Eating Index 2020 scores among the US population. This analysis also sought to demonstrate the flexibility of the TNI and FNI frameworks across the life course. DESIGN: A nationally representative, cross-sectional analysis of the 2015-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey demographic, dietary, and dietary supplement data (ie, 24-hour dietary recall and DS inventory) was conducted among the US population. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING: This study included US adults and children (aged 1 year and older; n = 19 903) who participated in the 2015-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. MAIN OUTCOMES: The main outcome measures were TNI and FNI total and component scores (range = 0 to 100) overall and by age group, with higher scores indicating greater adherence to the Dietary Reference Intakes. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED: TNI and FNI scores were calculated via the simple algorithm method, for 11 age group-dependent micronutrients (calcium, choline, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, and vitamins A, B12, C, D, E, and K), and compared with Healthy Eating Index 2020 scores. RESULTS: Americans scored 72 out of 100 on TNI, but scores varied by age and were higher for the TNI than FNI ( approximately 3 to 11 points.). Younger children (aged 1 to 3 years, TNI = 87; aged 4 to 8 years, TNI = 82) and older adults (aged 71 years and older, TNI = 77) exhibited higher TNI scores than other ages, due to higher calcium, magnesium, and vitamins A, C, and B12 intake. Healthy Eating Index 2020 total scores were low (52) overall and followed similar scoring trajectories by age group as the TNI and FNI. CONCLUSIONS: Evaluating total dietary exposures is important, considering the differential intake patterns from F&B, vs those with DS. Given low Dietary Reference Intakes adherence for some nutrients across the life span, these findings warrant improved diet quality and micronutrient density for many, to optimize nutrition and reduce diet-related chronic disease risk among Americans. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Cowan-Pyle, Alexandra E AU - Cowan-Pyle AE AD - Institute for Connecting Nutrition and Health, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida; Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida. Electronic address: aecowan@fsu.edu. FAU - Tooze, Janet A AU - Tooze JA AD - Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina. FAU - Reynolds, Lindsay M AU - Reynolds LM AD - Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina. FAU - Gahche, Jaime J AU - Gahche JJ AD - Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. FAU - Dwyer, Johanna T AU - Dwyer JT AD - Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts. FAU - Mitchell, Diane C AU - Mitchell DC AD - Institute for Advancing Health Through Agriculture, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Texas A&M University System, College Station, Texas. FAU - Carroll, Raymond J AU - Carroll RJ AD - Department of Statistics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas. FAU - Mallick, Bani K AU - Mallick BK AD - Department of Statistics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas. FAU - Bailey, Regan L AU - Bailey RL AD - Institute for Connecting Nutrition and Health, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida; Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida. LA - eng GR - U01 CA215834/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260425 PL - United States TA - J Acad Nutr Diet JT - Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics JID - 101573920 RN - 0 (Micronutrients) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Nutrition Surveys MH - Female MH - Male MH - Adult MH - Child, Preschool MH - Child MH - *Micronutrients/administration & dosage/analysis MH - Adolescent MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Infant MH - Young Adult MH - *Recommended Dietary Allowances MH - Middle Aged MH - United States MH - Aged MH - Dietary Supplements MH - *Nutrition Assessment MH - *Diet, Healthy/statistics & numerical data MH - *Diet/standards MH - Nutrition Policy PMC - PMC13575888 MID - NIHMS2205793 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Dietary Reference Intakes OT - Dietary Supplements OT - Micronutrients OT - NHANES OT - Total Nutrient Index COIS- STATEMENT OF POTENTIAL CONFLICT OF INTEREST Unrelated to this submission, A. E. Cowan-Pyle is a member of the Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Board of Editors, has previously served as a consultant to the National Pork Board, Think Healthy Group, and the General Mills Bell Institute, and has received travel support from the Council of Responsible Nutrition. R. L. Bailey has served as a consultant to the National Institutes of Health Office of Dietary Supplements, Nestle, the General Mills Bell Institute, RTI International, Think Healthy Group, and Nutrition Impact; is a former trustee of the International Food Information Council; and is a former board member of the International Life Sciences Institute-North America. She has received travel support to present her research on dietary supplements and is a former member of the Journal of Nutrition editorial board. J. T. Dwyer owns stock in several food and drug companies. Unrelated to this publication she serves on the scientific advisory committee of the McCormick Science Institute, the Mushroom Council, and served in the past on scientific advisory boards of Bay State Milling, the Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation and Nestle. She serves as an unpaid advisor to the Institute for the Advancement of Food and Nutrition Sciences Low Calorie Sweetener Committee and on the Bioactives Committee of the International Life Sciences Institute US-Canada Research Program and is editor of Nutrition Today. EDAT- 2026/04/28 00:35 MHDA- 2026/08/19 23:42 PMCR- 2026/09/15 CRDT- 2026/04/27 19:12 PHST- 2025/10/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/19 23:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/28 00:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/27 19:12 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2212-2672(26)00083-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jand.2026.156368 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Acad Nutr Diet. 2026 Sep;126(9):156368. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2026.156368. Epub 2026 Apr 25. PMID- 42044293 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260828 IS - 2561-326X (Electronic) IS - 2561-326X (Linking) VI - 10 DP - 2026 Apr 27 TI - Comparing Perceptions of ChatGPT Use in Health Attitude Contexts Among Users and Nonusers: Cross-Sectional Study. PG - e79276 LID - 10.2196/79276 [doi] LID - e79276 AB - BACKGROUND: In light of the growing use of artificial intelligence (AI) in health care, individuals' access to and use of health information are transforming. ChatGPT, an AI chatbot, provides immediate responses to health queries, with the potential to influence health-related attitudes, thereby raising concerns related to privacy, reliability, and security. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the perceived usefulness, risks, anxiety, and social influence of ChatGPT on health attitudes among users and nonusers in Saudi Arabia. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online survey based on a validated tool. In total, 337 participants aged 18 years and older responded to questions assessing their perceptions of ChatGPT on health-related attitudes. RESULTS: Data showed that 76.1% (194/255) of the respondents used ChatGPT, with the majority being younger and more highly educated. The main uses for health-related purposes were health education (43/194, 22.2%) and physical activity guidance (31/194, 16%). The analysis showed that users considered ChatGPT useful for health-related decisions, with 45.9% (89/194) finding it easy to learn and use, but concerns about privacy (106/194, 54.7%) and reliability (87/194, 44.9%) remained. Among nonusers, security risks (39/61, 63.9%) were the major barrier to using AI-based tools for health purposes, and 68.9% (42/61) found such tools attractive and engaging. There were no statistically significant differences between users and nonusers across all examined sociodemographic characteristics (P>.05). CONCLUSIONS: The study established the potential of ChatGPT in improving health decision-making and revealed cultural, privacy, and trust issues that may affect its implementation. These findings underscore the importance of strengthening the security of AI-based applications to enhance public acceptability of related health policies and to support the safe integration of tools such as ChatGPT into the health care system. CI - (c) Hessah Al Suwaidan, Arwa Althumairi, Saja A Al-Rayes, Khalid Alkhurayji. Originally published in JMIR Formative Research (https://formative.jmir.org). FAU - Al Suwaidan, Hessah AU - Al Suwaidan H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6535-8455 AD - Health Information Management and Technology Department, College of Public Health, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Althumairi, Arwa AU - Althumairi A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0371-408X AD - Health Information Management and Technology Department, College of Public Health, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Al-Rayes, Saja A AU - Al-Rayes SA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9908-7756 AD - Health Information Management and Technology Department, College of Public Health, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alkhurayji, Khalid AU - Alkhurayji K AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-9394-1668 AD - Research, Statistics, and Information Department, Saudi Central Board for Accreditation of Healthcare Institutions, Wadi Alsaheya, Riyadh, 12264, Saudi Arabia, 966596181916. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260427 PL - Canada TA - JMIR Form Res JT - JMIR formative research JID - 101726394 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - Saudi Arabia MH - Female MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Adolescent MH - *Perception MH - Young Adult MH - Generative Artificial Intelligence MH - *Attitude to Health MH - Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice PMC - PMC13119390 OTO - NOTNLM OT - AI OT - ChatGPT OT - Saudi Arabia OT - artificial intelligence OT - health attitude OT - health informatics COIS- Conflicts of Interest: None declared. EDAT- 2026/04/27 18:33 MHDA- 2026/04/27 18:34 PMCR- 2026/04/27 CRDT- 2026/04/27 14:44 PHST- 2025/06/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/27 18:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/27 18:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/27 14:44 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v10i1e79276 [pii] AID - 79276 [pii] AID - 10.2196/79276 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JMIR Form Res. 2026 Apr 27;10:e79276. doi: 10.2196/79276. PMID- 42044135 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260827 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 4 DP - 2026 TI - Effects of transcutaneous electrical phrenic nerve stimulation and transcutaneous electrical diaphragmatic stimulation: A protocol for a randomized, single-blind, crossover trial. PG - e0347493 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0347493 [doi] LID - e0347493 AB - BACKGROUND: Patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) are at high risk of developing respiratory muscle weakness, which may lead to prolonged mechanical ventilation and worsening clinical outcomes. Noninvasive neuromuscular electrical stimulation techniques, such as transcutaneous electrical phrenic nerve stimulation (TEPNS) and transcutaneous diaphragmatic electrical stimulation (TDES), offer potential therapeutic options for patients unable to generate voluntary active contractions. However, there is limited research directly comparing the effects of these modalities on diaphragmatic function. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of TEPNS and TDES on diaphragmatic function in healthy adults. Secondary objectives include assessing the safety, feasibility, and perceived discomfort associated with the application of each technique. METHODS: This study will be a bicentric, randomized, single-blind, crossover trial that will be conducted at two hospitals in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Healthy adults aged 18-60, with a BMI between 18.5 and 24.9 kg/m2, no history of respiratory diseases, and no contraindications for the proposed electrical stimulation modalities will be included. Diaphragm thickness, thickening fraction, and mobility will be assessed using ultrasound during tidal breathing. Participants will be randomly assigned to begin the intervention with one of two experimental conditions: (1) TEPNS protocol or (2) TDES protocol. In addition, data on the safety and feasibility of each electrical stimulation modalities will also be collected. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This protocol is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under the number NCT06339632. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Mol et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Mol, Caroline Gomes AU - Mol CG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9493-0150 AD - Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. AD - Faculdade Israelita de Ciencias da Saude Albert Einstein, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. FAU - Nawa, Ricardo Kenji AU - Nawa RK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0852-7013 AD - Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. AD - Faculdade Israelita de Ciencias da Saude Albert Einstein, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. FAU - Britto, Angelica Cristiane da Cruz AU - Britto ACDC AD - Faculdade Israelita de Ciencias da Saude Albert Einstein, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. AD - Department of Medical and Surgical Clinical Care, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. FAU - Eid, Raquel Afonso Caserta AU - Eid RAC AD - Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. FAU - Campos, Elaine Cristina de AU - Campos EC AD - Rehabilitation Service, Hospital Sirio-Libanes, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. FAU - Saraiva, Leandro Teixeira AU - Saraiva LT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9902-5870 AD - Rehabilitation Service, Hospital Sirio-Libanes, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. FAU - Righetti, Renato Fraga AU - Righetti RF AD - Rehabilitation Service, Hospital Sirio-Libanes, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. FAU - Yamaguti, Wellington Pereira AU - Yamaguti WP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4943-2085 AD - Rehabilitation Service, Hospital Sirio-Libanes, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT06339632 PT - Clinical Trial Protocol PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260427 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation/methods/adverse effects MH - *Diaphragm/physiology/innervation MH - Adult MH - Single-Blind Method MH - *Phrenic Nerve/physiology MH - Cross-Over Studies MH - Middle Aged MH - Female MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Male MH - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic MH - Brazil PMC - PMC13119898 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/04/27 18:34 MHDA- 2026/04/27 18:35 PMCR- 2026/04/27 CRDT- 2026/04/27 13:37 PHST- 2025/12/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/27 18:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/27 18:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/27 13:37 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-25-67090 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0347493 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 Apr 27;21(4):e0347493. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0347493. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42043699 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260624 LR - 20260813 IS - 1590-1262 (Electronic) IS - 1124-4909 (Print) IS - 1124-4909 (Linking) VI - 31 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 27 TI - A systematic review of psychometric scales that assess familial, lifestyle, and behavioural factors for children living with overweight or obesity, or at risk of developing obesity. LID - 10.1007/s40519-026-01860-6 [doi] LID - 56 AB - Over the past four decades, global childhood obesity rates have risen significantly. Modifiable factors such as diet, physical activity, family dynamics, and screen time play an important role in childhood obesity and are often targeted in interventions. However, no comprehensive review of instruments assessing these factors has been published, prompting this study. A systematic review following PRISMA guidelines was conducted to identify validated multidimensional lifestyle assessment instruments (defined as those assessing at least two constructs) for children aged 2-12 years living with overweight or obesity. Four databases (Pubmed, PsychINFO, CINAHL, and Embase) were searched for studies from 1980 to 2024. First, 7844 studies were screened by title and abstract by two independent reviewers. The resultant 141 full-text studies were also independently reviewed by 2 reviewers. Study quality was assessed and data on psychometric properties were extracted. Thirteen papers covering eight instruments were included: Healthy Kids (Ninos Sanos), Family Health Behaviour Scale, Lifestyle Behaviour Checklist, Family Nutrition Physical Activity screening tool, Family Eating and Activity Habits Questionnaire, Home Environment Survey, Child Obesity Risk Questionnaire 2-5, and Energy Retention Behaviour Scale for Children. These instruments assessed various factors, including diet, mealtime routines, physical activity, sedentary behaviour, sleep, parental beliefs and the home environment. The instruments showed significant heterogeneity, with no single instrument covering the entire 2-12 years age range or measuring the same constructs comprehensively. The quality of the reviewed studies varied, particularly in the range of psychometric properties examined. Based on the results of this review, there is no one measure shown to be validated specifically for children living with overweight/obesity that addresses a broad range of domains that respond to change over time.Level II: Evidence obtained from well-designed controlled trials without randomisation. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Davis, Brid Aine AU - Davis BA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4606-4432 AD - School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland. FAU - O'Dwyer, Claire AU - O'Dwyer C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7978-9731 AD - School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland. FAU - Carr, Alan AU - Carr A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4563-8852 AD - School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland. FAU - Looney, Kathy AU - Looney K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0815-2012 AD - School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland. kathy.looney@ucd.ie. LA - eng GR - D Psych Sc/Health Service Executive/ PT - Journal Article PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20260427 PL - Germany TA - Eat Weight Disord JT - Eating and weight disorders : EWD JID - 9707113 SB - IM MH - *Psychometrics MH - Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology/psychology MH - *Overweight/epidemiology/psychology MH - Family/psychology MH - Exercise/statistics & numerical data MH - Health Behavior/physiology MH - Life Style MH - Humans MH - Child, Preschool MH - Child MH - Risk Factors PMC - PMC13253707 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Childhood obesity OT - health-related quality of life (HRQOL) OT - lifestyle measures COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/27 12:34 MHDA- 2026/06/15 11:32 PMCR- 2026/04/27 CRDT- 2026/04/27 11:23 PHST- 2024/06/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/15 11:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/27 12:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/27 11:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s40519-026-01860-6 [pii] AID - 1860 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s40519-026-01860-6 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Eat Weight Disord. 2026 Apr 27;31(1):56. doi: 10.1007/s40519-026-01860-6. PMID- 42043071 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260427 LR - 20260813 IS - 2075-4663 (Electronic) IS - 2075-4663 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Apr 1 TI - Exercise Interventions and Attentional Performance in Children and Adolescents: Evidence from Randomized Controlled Trials. LID - 10.3390/sports14040139 [doi] LID - 139 AB - BACKGROUND: Physical exercise has been increasingly recognized as a potential strategy to enhance cognitive development during childhood and adolescence. Among cognitive functions, attention plays a critical role in academic performance, behavioral regulation, and information processing. However, evidence regarding the specific effects of physical exercise on attentional performance in youth remains heterogeneous. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review aimed to examine the effects of physical exercise interventions on attentional performance in children and adolescents. METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and CINAHL databases. Randomized controlled trials evaluating the effects of physical exercise interventions on attentional outcomes in participants aged 8 to 17 years were included. Study selection followed PRISMA guidelines. Nine studies met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed qualitatively. RESULTS: The included studies consistently reported improvements in attentional performance following physical exercise interventions. Positive effects were observed across several attentional domains, including concentration, selective attention, sustained attention, processing speed, and response accuracy. Both acute and chronic exercise programs demonstrated cognitive benefits, although longer interventions appeared to produce more stable improvements. Coordinative and cognitively demanding exercise modalities tended to generate greater attentional gains compared with traditional physical activity programs. CONCLUSIONS: Physical exercise appears to be an effective non-pharmacological intervention for enhancing attentional performance in children and adolescents. Structured and cognitively engaging exercise programs may provide additional benefits for attentional development. Further research is needed to determine optimal exercise characteristics and to clarify the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying exercise-related attentional improvements. FAU - Carcelen-Fraile, Maria Del Carmen AU - Carcelen-Fraile MDC AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-9186-8865 AD - Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Atlantico Medio, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain. AD - International Scientific Association on Innovation in Education and Health (ACIINES), 23007 Jaen, Spain. AD - International Network of Educational Law, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain. FAU - Montanchez-Torres, Maria Luisa AU - Montanchez-Torres ML AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0489-6919 AD - Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Atlantico Medio, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain. AD - Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Education, International University of La Rioja, 26006 Logrono, Spain. FAU - Cecic-Mladinic, Daniela AU - Cecic-Mladinic D AD - Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Atlantico Medio, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260401 PL - Switzerland TA - Sports (Basel) JT - Sports (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101722684 PMC - PMC13120170 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - attention OT - children OT - cognitive performance OT - executive functions OT - neurocognitive development OT - physical exercise COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/27 12:34 MHDA- 2026/04/27 12:35 PMCR- 2026/04/01 CRDT- 2026/04/27 09:37 PHST- 2026/02/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/27 12:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/27 12:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/27 09:37 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - sports14040139 [pii] AID - sports-14-00139 [pii] AID - 10.3390/sports14040139 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sports (Basel). 2026 Apr 1;14(4):139. doi: 10.3390/sports14040139. PMID- 42042493 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260427 LR - 20260813 IS - 2313-433X (Electronic) IS - 2313-433X (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Mar 30 TI - Spatially Time-Based Robust Tracking and Re-Identification of Kindergarten Students: A Hybrid Deep Learning Framework Combining YOLOv8n and Vision Transformer (ViT). LID - 10.3390/jimaging12040150 [doi] LID - 150 AB - Detection, tracking, and re-identification (ReID) of children wearing similar uniforms in a kindergarten environment is a very complex challenge for computer vision. Traditional surveillance systems or simple convolutional neural network (CNN) models often fail to distinguish children in crowds and occlusions. To address this challenge, this study proposes a novel hybrid framework combining YOLOv8 and Vision Transformer (ViT). Using YOLOv8 for detection and ViT for global feature extraction, we trained the model on a custom dataset of 31,521 images, achieving an overall accuracy of 93.75%, and the public benchmark MOT20 dataset of 28,630 images, achieving an overall accuracy of 96.02%. Our system showed remarkable success in tracking performance, where it achieved 86.7% MOTA and 99.7% IDF1 scores. This high IDF1 score proves that the model is highly effective in preventing identity switch. The main novelty of this study is the behavioral analysis of children beyond the boundaries of surveillance, where we measure walking distance and trajectory, and screen time. Finally, through cross-dataset comparison with the MOT20 public benchmark, we demonstrated that our proposed customized model is much more effective than current state-of-the-art methods in overcoming the domain gap in specific environments such as kindergarten. FAU - Islam, Md Rahatul AU - Islam MR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5745-4439 AD - Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu 808-0196, Japan. FAU - Kataoka, Yui AU - Kataoka Y AD - Department of Child Education, Fukuoka Kodomo Junior College, Fukuoka 818-0197, Japan. FAU - Teramoto, Keisuke AU - Teramoto K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1675-1098 AD - Department of Creative Science, Faculty of Education, Aichi University of Education, Kariya 448-8542, Japan. FAU - Horio, Keiichi AU - Horio K AD - Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu 808-0196, Japan. LA - eng GR - 24K15108/Japan Society for the Promotion of Science/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260330 PL - Switzerland TA - J Imaging JT - Journal of imaging JID - 101698819 PMC - PMC13117115 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Vision Transformer (ViT) OT - YOLOv8 OT - behavioral analysis OT - domain gap OT - kindergarten OT - monitoring OT - multi-object tracking (MOT) OT - re-identification COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/27 12:34 MHDA- 2026/04/27 12:35 PMCR- 2026/03/30 CRDT- 2026/04/27 09:29 PHST- 2026/03/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/27 12:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/27 12:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/27 09:29 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jimaging12040150 [pii] AID - jimaging-12-00150 [pii] AID - 10.3390/jimaging12040150 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Imaging. 2026 Mar 30;12(4):150. doi: 10.3390/jimaging12040150. PMID- 42041084 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260927 LR - 20260927 IS - 1940-1019 (Electronic) IS - 0022-3980 (Linking) VI - 160 IP - 8 DP - 2026 TI - The Effect of Weight Stigma on Adolescent Health: Mediating and Moderating Roles of Social Support and Personality Traits. PG - 985-1008 LID - 10.1080/00223980.2026.2661586 [doi] AB - Weight stigma is a common psychosocial stressor among adolescents and an important determinant of mental and physical well-being. However, the mechanisms through which it affects health outcomes remain insufficiently understood. This study explored the mediating and moderating roles of personality traits and perceived social support in the relationship between weight stigma and health outcomes in adolescents. A cross-sectional self-report study was conducted with 1,011 high school students (59.64% female; M(age) = 16.50 years, SD(age) = 1.10), using validated measures of weight stigma, Big Five personality traits, perceived social support, mental health (anxiety, depression, stress), and somatization. Mediation and moderation were tested using path analysis models, controlling for gender and BMI. Results showed that weight stigma directly predicted higher anxiety, depression, stress, and somatization. Positive indirect effects of weight stigma on health outcomes were observed through neuroticism, family support, and teacher support. Frequent stigmatization predicted lower levels of perceived social support and higher neuroticism, which in turn predicted poorer health outcomes. Moderation analyses showed that higher neuroticism and extraversion increased the effects of weight stigma on anxiety, while extraversion buffered its effects on somatization. Interestingly, while family support generally serves as a protective factor against somatization, higher levels of support were associated with a stronger effect of weight stigma on somatization. These findings emphasize the complex interplay between weight stigma, individual traits, and social context, supporting a biopsychosocial understanding of adolescent health. Furthermore, they emphasize the need for a comprehensive prevention and intervention approach to support this vulnerable population. FAU - Ivancic, Ivana AU - Ivancic I AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-9583-2649 AD - University of Rijeka. FAU - Kalebic Maglica, Barbara AU - Kalebic Maglica B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6278-5582 AD - University of Rijeka. FAU - Kurtovic, Ana AU - Kurtovic A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0779-5312 AD - Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260427 PL - United States TA - J Psychol JT - The Journal of psychology JID - 0376332 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - *Social Support MH - Male MH - *Personality MH - *Social Stigma MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Anxiety/psychology MH - *Depression/psychology MH - *Adolescent Health MH - *Stress, Psychological/psychology MH - Somatoform Disorders/psychology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Weight stigma OT - adolescents OT - big five personality traits OT - mental health OT - social support EDAT- 2026/04/27 12:34 MHDA- 2026/09/27 23:28 CRDT- 2026/04/27 07:33 PHST- 2026/09/27 23:28 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/27 12:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/27 07:33 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/00223980.2026.2661586 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Psychol. 2026;160(8):985-1008. doi: 10.1080/00223980.2026.2661586. Epub 2026 Apr 27. PMID- 42040637 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260427 LR - 20260813 IS - 2624-9367 (Electronic) IS - 2624-9367 (Linking) VI - 8 DP - 2026 TI - The importance of physical education and the intention to be physically active as predictors of subjective well-being in secondary school adolescents. PG - 1748124 LID - 10.3389/fspor.2026.1748124 [doi] LID - 1748124 AB - INTRODUCTION: In recent years, concerns about adolescent mental health and declining physical activity levels have increased across European educational systems, including Portugal. Understanding how Physical Education (PE) and students' intention to remain physically active contribute to subjective well-being is therefore essential for guiding educational practices and health promotion strategies. Within this context, the present study aimed to analyze these relationships in a group of secondary school students in Portugal, with a view to proposing evidence-based recommendations. This study aimed to analyze the role of the importance attributed to Physical Education (PE) and the intention to be physically active as significant statistical predictors of subjective well-being (SWB) in Portuguese secondary school adolescents. METHODS: The sample consisted of 560 students, aged between 16 and 19 years, from different regions of Portugal. Validated scales were used to measure the variables of interest: Importance of PE, Intention to Be Active, Positive and Negative Affect, and Life Satisfaction. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Spearman correlations, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests, linear regressions, and simple mediation models (Hayes' model 4). RESULTS: The results indicated high levels of physical activity intention and life satisfaction, low levels of negative affect, and strong internal consistency in the scales used. The importance attributed to PE and the intention to be active were significantly associated with positive affect and life satisfaction, with intention partially mediating the relationship between the importance of PE and positive affect, and fully mediating the relationship with negative affect. No significant mediation was found for life satisfaction. Additionally, significant differences were observed across school years, highlighting the 11th year as a stage of greater emotional vulnerability.x. DISCUSSION: The findings suggest the need to reinforce the value of PE in the curriculum and to promote educational strategies that encourage regular physical activity as a way to enhance SWB in the school context. CI - (c) 2026 Batista, Rojo-Ramos, Castillo-Paredes and Galan-Arroyo. FAU - Batista, Marco AU - Batista M AD - Polytechnic University of Castelo Branco, Castelo Branco, Portugal. AD - SPRINT-IPCB, Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center, Castelo Branco, Portugal. FAU - Rojo-Ramos, Jorge AU - Rojo-Ramos J AD - Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PHeSO), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Caceres, Spain. FAU - Castillo-Paredes, Antonio AU - Castillo-Paredes A AD - Grupo AFySE, Investigacion en Actividad Fisica y Salud Escolar, Escuela de Pedagogia en Educacion Fisica, Facultad de Educacion, Universidad de Las Americas, Santiago, Chile. FAU - Galan-Arroyo, Carmen AU - Galan-Arroyo C AD - Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PHeSO), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Caceres, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260410 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Sports Act Living JT - Frontiers in sports and active living JID - 101765780 PMC - PMC13106526 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescence OT - behavioral intention OT - physical activity OT - physical education OT - subjective well-being COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/27 12:34 MHDA- 2026/04/27 12:35 PMCR- 2026/04/10 CRDT- 2026/04/27 07:09 PHST- 2025/11/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/27 12:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/27 12:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/27 07:09 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fspor.2026.1748124 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Sports Act Living. 2026 Apr 10;8:1748124. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2026.1748124. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42040062 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Do nutrition knowledge and health literacy influence food consumption patterns in Saudi youth aged 18 to 25? An analytical assessment using cross-sectional convenience sample. PG - 1806616 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1806616 [doi] LID - 1806616 AB - OBJECTIVE: Nutrition knowledge and health literacy are critical foundations for healthy dietary behaviors. However, their combined influence on food consumption patterns in Saudi young adults remains underexplored. This research investigated the levels and predictors of nutrition knowledge and health literacy, as well as their impact on food consumption patterns among a group of Saudi Arabian young people. METHODS: This was an online survey (structured, self-administered questionnaire) using a large convenience sample of students from different universities in Saudi Arabia. Nutrition knowledge, health literacy, and food consumption patterns were evaluated using the validated CoNKS, the HLS-EU-Q16, and a regionally adapted 10-item food group checklist, respectively. Regression models were fitted to evaluate the predictors of nutrition knowledge and health literacy, and their associations with food consumption frequency. RESULTS: The sample comprised 827 participants, aged 18 to 25. The prevalence of unsatisfactory nutrition knowledge was 70.5% and limited health literacy was 58.3%. Significant factors associated with unsatisfactory nutrition knowledge included non-health science major, physical inactivity, no prior nutrition course, night eating syndrome, and limited health literacy. Key factors associated with limited health literacy included age (18-20 years), non-health science major, having an illiterate mother, and unsatisfactory nutrition knowledge. Furthermore, satisfactory nutrition knowledge and sufficient health literacy were independently associated with healthier food consumption patterns. Specifically, they were linked to higher odds of consuming fruits and vegetables (nutrition knowledge: OR = 1.76; health literacy: OR = 2.71) and meat, fish, and eggs (nutrition knowledge: OR = 2.67). Unsatisfactory nutrition knowledge was related to high-calorie foods intake (OR = 3.70). CONCLUSION: Both nutrition knowledge and health literacy are significant, modifiable factors associated with food consumption patterns among study participants. Integrated educational interventions targeting both competencies are recommended to improve dietary behaviors in this population. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Alzain. FAU - Alzain, Mohannad A AU - Alzain MA AD - Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. AD - Department of Family Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. AD - Family Medicine and Chronic Diseases Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260409 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Saudi Arabia MH - *Health Literacy/statistics & numerical data MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - Male MH - *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adult MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Students/statistics & numerical data/psychology PMC - PMC13102618 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Saudi Arabia OT - dietary behaviors OT - food consumption patterns OT - health literacy OT - nutrition knowledge OT - young adults COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/27 12:34 MHDA- 2026/04/27 12:35 PMCR- 2026/04/09 CRDT- 2026/04/27 07:05 PHST- 2026/02/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/27 12:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/27 12:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/27 07:05 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1806616 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2026 Apr 9;14:1806616. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1806616. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42039321 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260813 IS - 2413-7170 (Electronic) IS - 1029-1857 (Print) IS - 1029-1857 (Linking) VI - 36 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jan TI - Clinical Risk Index for Babies Scoring System in Prediction of Mortality in Premature Babies: A Prospective Study at in Mumbai. PG - 55-59 LID - 10.4314/ejhs.v36i1.9 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The Clinical Risk Index for Babies II (CRIB II) is a validated scoring system for predicting early mortality risk among low birth weight (LBW) preterm neonates. However, its routine use remains limited in many developing countries. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the CRIB II score in predicting neonatal mortality among LBW infants admitted to a tertiary care Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). METHODS: This prospective cohort study included 140 preterm neonates (gestational age 23-32 weeks) admitted to the NICU within 24 hours of birth. Baseline demographic variables, clinical characteristics, and CRIB II scores were recorded Neonatal outcomes were followed until discharge or death. Diagnostic performance was assessed using sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, accuracy, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. RESULTS: There was a slight male predominance (51%). The mean birth weight was 1550.97 +/- 253.58 g, and the mean gestational age was 30.42 +/- 2.23 weeks. Overall neonatal mortality was 32.85%. Mortality increased progressively with higher CRIB II scores: 0% in level I, 3.84% in level II, 64.70% in level III, and 100% in level IV. The CRIB II score demonstrated excellent predictive performance with a sensitivity of 84.78%, specificity of 90.42%, and diagnostic accuracy of 88.57%. CONCLUSION: The CRIB II score is a reliable and effective tool for early prediction of neonatal mortality in LBW preterm infants and should be considered for routine risk stratification in NICU settings. CI - (c) 2026 Nilima N., et al. FAU - Narkhede, Nilima AU - Narkhede N AD - Department of Pediatrics, Bharatratna Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar Municipal General Hospital, Kandivali(w), Mumbai. FAU - Weling, Rajaram AU - Weling R AD - Department of Pediatrics, Bharatratna Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar Municipal General Hospital, Kandivali(w), Mumbai. FAU - Pradhan, Reshma AU - Pradhan R AD - Department of Pediatrics, Bharatratna Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar Municipal General Hospital, Kandivali(w), Mumbai. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - Ethiopia TA - Ethiop J Health Sci JT - Ethiopian journal of health sciences JID - 101224773 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Prospective Studies MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Infant Mortality MH - *Infant, Premature MH - Intensive Care Units, Neonatal MH - Risk Assessment/methods MH - Infant, Low Birth Weight MH - Gestational Age MH - Infant MH - Sensitivity and Specificity MH - ROC Curve MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - India/epidemiology MH - Birth Weight PMC - PMC13103286 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CRIB II score OT - NICU OT - low birth weight OT - neonatal mortality OT - preterm infants COIS- Competing Interests: The authors declare that this manuscript was approved by all authors in its form and that no competing interest exists. EDAT- 2026/04/27 12:34 MHDA- 2026/04/27 12:35 PMCR- 2026/01/01 CRDT- 2026/04/27 06:57 PHST- 2025/09/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/12/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/27 12:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/27 12:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/27 06:57 [entrez] PHST- 2026/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jEJHS.v36.i1.pg55 [pii] AID - 10.4314/ejhs.v36i1.9 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Ethiop J Health Sci. 2026 Jan;36(1):55-59. doi: 10.4314/ejhs.v36i1.9. PMID- 42039122 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260813 IS - 1664-2392 (Print) IS - 1664-2392 (Electronic) IS - 1664-2392 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Neutrophil count and urinary glucose as early predictors of gestational diabetes mellitus in nulliparous women of advanced maternal age: a retrospective cohort study. PG - 1791755 LID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1791755 [doi] LID - 1791755 AB - BACKGROUND: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) poses significant risks, particularly for nulliparous women of advanced maternal age (AMA >/=35 years), a growing demographic due to delayed childbirth. However, effective early-pregnancy prediction tools tailored for this high-risk subgroup are lacking. This study aimed to identify readily available early biomarkers for GDM risk stratification in AMA nulliparous women. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study analyzed 354 AMA nulliparous women (140 GDM, 214 non-GDM). GDM was diagnosed by a 75g oral glucose tolerance test at 24-28 weeks using IADPSG criteria (fasting >/=5.1 mmol/L, 1-h >/=10.0 mmol/L, 2-h >/=8.5 mmol/L). Clinical and laboratory data at 10-13 gestational weeks were compared. Multivariate logistic regression identified independent risk factors. RESULTS: The GDM group had significantly higher body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose (FBG), white blood cell (WBC) count, neutrophil count (NEU), and urinary glucose (U-GLU) positivity (P< 0.05). Assisted reproductive technology (ART) use did not differ significantly in univariate analysis (P = 0.083). Multivariable analysis identified U-GLU positivity (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 7.91; 95% CI: 2.67-23.46), elevated FBG (aOR = 2.23 per mmol/L; 95% CI: 1.13-4.38), elevated NEU (aOR = 1.21 per 10(9)/L; 95% CI: 1.05-1.40), elevated WBC (aOR = 1.15 per 10(9)/L; 95% CI: 1.01-1.30), and ART use (aOR = 1.63; 95% CI: 1.02-2.59) as independent risk factors for GDM. The multivariable model achieved an AUC of 0.70 (95% CI 0.65 - 0.76), with sensitivity of 57.1% and specificity of 76.2% at the optimal cutoff. CONCLUSIONS: In this single-center retrospective cohort of AMA nulliparous women, early-pregnancy urinary glucose positivity, elevated fasting blood glucose, neutrophilia, leukocytosis, and the use of assisted reproductive technology were independently associated with an increased risk of GDM, with urinary glucose showing the strongest association. These findings suggest that a tiered screening strategy incorporating these readily available biomarkers might be explored for early risk stratification between 10-13 weeks' gestation. Their clinical utility requires prospective validation in larger, multicenter cohorts. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Zhao, Bi, Bei, Huang, He and Yuan. FAU - Zhao, Kai Sun AU - Zhao KS AD - Department of Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, the Second Nanning People's Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. AD - China-ASEAN Medical Research Center, China Hospital Development Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. FAU - Bi, Jie Cheng AU - Bi JC AD - Department of Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, the Second Nanning People's Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. AD - China-ASEAN Medical Research Center, China Hospital Development Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. FAU - Bei, Ni AU - Bei N AD - Department of Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, the Second Nanning People's Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. AD - China-ASEAN Medical Research Center, China Hospital Development Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. FAU - Huang, Jian Chun AU - Huang JC AD - Department of Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, the Second Nanning People's Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. AD - China-ASEAN Medical Research Center, China Hospital Development Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. FAU - He, Mei Rong AU - He MR AD - Department of Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, the Second Nanning People's Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. AD - China-ASEAN Medical Research Center, China Hospital Development Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. FAU - Yuan, Chun Lan AU - Yuan CL AD - Department of Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, the Second Nanning People's Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. AD - China-ASEAN Medical Research Center, China Hospital Development Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260410 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) JT - Frontiers in endocrinology JID - 101555782 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Blood Glucose) RN - IY9XDZ35W2 (Glucose) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Diabetes, Gestational/diagnosis/urine/blood MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Pregnancy MH - Advanced Maternal Age MH - Adult MH - *Neutrophils/pathology MH - Biomarkers/urine MH - Leukocyte Count MH - Parity MH - Glucose Tolerance Test MH - Risk Factors MH - Blood Glucose/analysis MH - *Glycosuria/urine/diagnosis MH - *Glucose/metabolism PMC - PMC13106421 OTO - NOTNLM OT - advanced maternal age OT - assisted reproductive technology OT - first trimester OT - gestational diabetes mellitus OT - glycosuria OT - neutrophils OT - prediction COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/27 12:34 MHDA- 2026/04/27 12:35 PMCR- 2026/04/10 CRDT- 2026/04/27 06:56 PHST- 2026/01/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/27 12:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/27 12:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/27 06:56 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1791755 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2026 Apr 10;17:1791755. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2026.1791755. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42038447 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260427 LR - 20260813 IS - 1179-1608 (Print) IS - 1179-1608 (Electronic) IS - 1179-1608 (Linking) VI - 18 DP - 2026 TI - Predictive Value of Neck-to-Height Ratio in Children with Moderate/Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study. PG - 588036 LID - 10.2147/NSS.S588036 [doi] LID - 588036 AB - OBJECTIVE: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a common sleep-disordered breathing condition in children. Moderate/severe OSA can lead to a series of complications, including growth restriction and neurocognitive impairment, severely impacting children's physical and mental health. The gold standard for diagnosing OSA is polysomnography (PSG). Given the limitations of PSG in large-scale screening and the insufficient accuracy and compliance of existing screening tools, exploring simple and reliable screening tools for moderate/severe OSA holds significant clinical importance. This study aims to systematically compare the predictive efficacy of neck-to-height ratio (NHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), hip-to-height ratio (HHR), and BMI Z-score for moderate/severe pediatric OSA, providing more accurate and convenient indicators for clinical screening. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed data from 685 children aged 3-16 years who underwent PSG. Using age, gender, tonsil size, and adenoid size as covariates, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to assess the discriminatory ability of NHR, WHtR, HHR, and BMI Z-score in the overall cohort and within age and gender subgroups. RESULTS: NHR demonstrated the highest predictive efficacy in the overall cohort (AUC=0.781), significantly outperforming other indices. Subgroup analysis revealed that NHR maintained excellent predictive performance in children above 10 years, with AUC values of 0.777 in boys and 0.913 in girls. CONCLUSION: The NHR may serve as a useful adjunctive screening tool for moderate/severe OSA in children above 10 years, showing moderate predictive value and outperforming traditional indices such as WHtR, HHR, and BMI Z-score. CI - (c) 2026 Liu et al. FAU - Liu, Tianxu AU - Liu T AD - Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, People's Republic of China. FAU - Wang, Xiaoyi AU - Wang X AD - Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China. FAU - Hu, Wen AU - Hu W AD - Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, People's Republic of China. FAU - Kong, Yaru AU - Kong Y AD - Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China. FAU - Wan, Yiling AU - Wan Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8260-3048 AD - Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China. FAU - Zhan, Xiaojun AU - Zhan X AD - Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, People's Republic of China. FAU - Tai, Jun AU - Tai J AD - Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, People's Republic of China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260421 PL - New Zealand TA - Nat Sci Sleep JT - Nature and science of sleep JID - 101537767 PMC - PMC13109984 OTO - NOTNLM OT - anthropometric indices OT - children OT - neck-to-height ratio OT - obstructive sleep apnea OT - polysomnography COIS- The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work. EDAT- 2026/04/27 12:35 MHDA- 2026/04/27 12:36 PMCR- 2026/04/21 CRDT- 2026/04/27 06:51 PHST- 2025/12/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/27 12:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/27 12:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/27 06:51 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 588036 [pii] AID - 10.2147/NSS.S588036 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nat Sci Sleep. 2026 Apr 21;18:588036. doi: 10.2147/NSS.S588036. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42038223 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260427 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-2360 (Print) IS - 2296-2360 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2360 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Gastrointestinal dysfunction in patients with Mowat-Wilson syndrome is associated with feeding difficulties and altered plasma neurotransmitters. PG - 1751767 LID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1751767 [doi] LID - 1751767 AB - BACKGROUND: Intestinal dysfunction is prevalent in children with Mowat-Wilson syndrome (MWS), yet its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to characterize intestinal symptoms, feeding patterns, and fasting plasma neurotransmitter profiles in patients with MWS, and to explore their potential relationships. METHODS: Three complementary assessments were conducted, including a questionnaire assessing defecation difficulties and stool characteristics; a structured questionnaire assessing feeding difficulties, caregiver-reported dietary composition (including the proportion of meat), and complementary feeding practices; and targeted fasting plasma neurotransmitter profiling using UPLC-TQ-MS. RESULTS: Among 35 patients with MWS, 86% had intestinal symptoms, including constipation (69%) and Hirschsprung disease (17%). In the feeding/diet analysis, 44.4% (4/9) of patients with MWS reported feeding difficulties. Compared with age-matched healthy controls (n = 10), patients with MWS (n = 9) had a significantly lower proportion of meat and delayed introduction of meat-based complementary foods (10.5 months vs. 7.9 months). In the plasma analysis, patients with MWS (n = 6) exhibited significantly reduced plasma levels of serotonin and taurine, alongside elevated levels of GABA and dopamine, compared with age-matched healthy controls (n = 10). CONCLUSION: These findings confirm the high prevalence of constipation-predominant intestinal dysfunction in patients with MWS. Collectively, our findings support further investigation of associations among feeding difficulties, a lower proportion of meat in dietary composition, and an altered fasting plasma neurotransmitter profile (including lower serotonin in a small subset), which may be relevant to gut dysmotility in patients with MWS. This diet-neurotransmitter axis offers a working model for understanding intestinal dysfunction in patients with MWS, yet direct quantification of dietary and circulating tryptophan in future studies is needed to validate this pathway. CI - (c) 2026 Liu, Wu, Zhou, Zhang, Xiao, Li, Li, Jiang and Wu. FAU - Liu, Lingya AU - Liu L AD - Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. FAU - Wu, Lihua AU - Wu L AD - Department of Medical Genetics, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China. FAU - Zhou, Ruijie AU - Zhou R AD - Department of General Surgery, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China. FAU - Zhang, Zhen AU - Zhang Z AD - Department of General Surgery, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China. FAU - Xiao, Ping AU - Xiao P AD - Department of Pathology, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China. FAU - Li, Bo AU - Li B AD - Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada. FAU - Li, Qi AU - Li Q AD - Department of General Surgery, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China. FAU - Jiang, Qian AU - Jiang Q AD - Department of Medical Genetics, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China. FAU - Wu, Jianxin AU - Wu J AD - Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260410 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Pediatr JT - Frontiers in pediatrics JID - 101615492 PMC - PMC13106388 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Mowat-Wilson syndrome OT - feeding difficulties OT - intestinal dysfunction OT - neurotransmitter OT - serotonin COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/27 12:34 MHDA- 2026/04/27 12:35 PMCR- 2026/04/10 CRDT- 2026/04/27 06:49 PHST- 2025/11/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/27 12:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/27 12:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/27 06:49 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1751767 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Pediatr. 2026 Apr 10;14:1751767. doi: 10.3389/fped.2026.1751767. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42037831 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260427 LR - 20260813 IS - 2168-8184 (Print) IS - 2168-8184 (Electronic) IS - 2168-8184 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Mar TI - Prevalence of Malnutrition and Its Associated Factors Among Children in the 5-15 Years Age Group: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study From Selected Rural Areas of Khordha District, Odisha. PG - e105874 LID - 10.7759/cureus.105874 [doi] LID - e105874 AB - Introduction Malnutrition is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality among children and adolescents throughout the world. Various factors, including socio-demographic characteristics, poor feeding practices, and childhood diseases, contribute to malnutrition. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of malnutrition and its associated factors among 5 to 15-year-old children of selected rural areas of Khordha District, Odisha. Method A community-based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among children in Simlipatana and Kujjimahal villages of Khordha district, Odisha. All eligible children (5 to 15 years of age) residing in both study areas were included in the sampling frame. A total of 380 participants were enrolled in the study, based on a 45% prevalence, using simple random sampling. Data were collected using participants' socio-demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, the IAP growth chart app, and a validated questionnaire to assess factors associated with malnutrition. The data were analysed using SPSS software, version 26.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). Results The study findings revealed that the prevalence of malnutrition was 41.3%, with 13.9% underweight, 12.9% overweight, 5.3% obese, and varying degrees of stunting. Among malnourished children, 56.32% were female, and nearly half (43.67%) were male. Malnutrition was significantly associated with sociodemographic factors like family type, income, parental education, and hygiene practices. Dietary intake patterns, such as consumption of milk, pulses, and fruits. Logistic regression analysis revealed that four key significant factors were associated with malnutrition of children, including large family size (odds ratio (OR) = 2.019, P < 0.003), poor hygiene (OR = 2.082, P < 0.006), lack of parental education (OR = 2.045, P < 0.003), and inadequate dietary intake (OR) = 2.115, P < 0.011). Conclusions The overall prevalence of malnutrition was 41.3%, and it decreased with age. Dietary patterns and sociodemographic profiles are significantly associated with the development of malnutrition. CI - Copyright (c) 2026, Singh et al. FAU - Singh, Rekha AU - Singh R AD - Pediatric Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, IND. FAU - Nayak, Geetarani AU - Nayak G AD - Pediatric Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, IND. FAU - Satapathy, Amit AU - Satapathy A AD - Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, IND. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260326 PL - United States TA - Cureus JT - Cureus JID - 101596737 PMC - PMC13110084 OTO - NOTNLM OT - associated factor OT - children and adolescent OT - malnutrition OT - prevalence OT - stunting and undernutrition COIS- Human subjects: Informed consent for treatment and open access publication was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Institutional Ethics Committee, All India of Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneshwar issued approval IEC/AIIMS BBSR/Nursing/2019-20/35. Approved. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work. EDAT- 2026/04/27 12:34 MHDA- 2026/04/27 12:35 PMCR- 2026/03/26 CRDT- 2026/04/27 06:46 PHST- 2026/03/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/27 12:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/27 12:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/27 06:46 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.7759/cureus.105874 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cureus. 2026 Mar 26;18(3):e105874. doi: 10.7759/cureus.105874. eCollection 2026 Mar. PMID- 42037051 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260803 LR - 20260813 IS - 1099-0968 (Electronic) IS - 1072-4133 (Print) IS - 1072-4133 (Linking) VI - 34 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Associations Between Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder Dimensions and Obsessive-Compulsive Symptomatology. PG - 1327-1335 LID - 10.1002/erv.70122 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Although obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) commonly co-occurs with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, less is known about its relationship with avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) dimensions. Whether associations between ARFID dimensions and OCD differ by sex is also unclear. We examined associations between ARFID dimensions and OCD symptoms by sex, accounting for depression and anxiety. METHODS: Data from 3120 participants ages 15+ in the ARFID Genes and Environment (ARFID-GEN) study were analyzed. ARFID dimensions (i.e., sensory sensitivity; low appetite/lack of interest in food; and fear of aversive consequences), OCD symptoms, anxiety, and depression were assessed using validated self-report measures. We evaluated associations between ARFID dimensions and OCD symptoms using general linear models, adjusting for depression and anxiety. RESULTS: ARFID dimensions were significantly associated with OCD symptoms. After adjusting for depression and anxiety, these associations were attenuated but remained significant for all ARFID dimensions. Associations between ARFID dimensions and OCD symptoms varied by sex. CONCLUSION: The relation between ARFID symptomatology and OCD warrants further exploration across the developmental spectrum in which ARFID appears. Clinically, bidirectional screening may improve diagnostic clarity and be informative to tailor interventions appropriately. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ARFID-GEN is registered in clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05605067). CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). European Eating Disorders Review published by Eating Disorders Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Aguilar, Mariana Valdez AU - Aguilar MV AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. FAU - Giulumian, Gabriela K AU - Giulumian GK AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. AD - Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. FAU - Rodriguez, Isabel AU - Rodriguez I AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. AD - School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. FAU - Baker, Jessica H AU - Baker JH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3997-2398 AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. FAU - Surti, Preina P AU - Surti PP AD - Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. FAU - Dinkler, Lisa AU - Dinkler L AD - Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Guintivano, Jerry AU - Guintivano J AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. FAU - Johnson, Jessica S AU - Johnson JS AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. FAU - MacDermod, Casey M AU - MacDermod CM AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. FAU - Ortiz, Shelby N AU - Ortiz SN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8088-8254 AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. FAU - Pisetsky, Emily M AU - Pisetsky EM AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. FAU - White, Jennifer P AU - White JP AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. FAU - Micali, Nadia AU - Micali N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5571-2273 AD - Center for Eating and Feeding Disorders Research, Mental Health Center Ballerup, Copenhagen University Hospital-Mental Health Services CPH, Copenhagen, Denmark. AD - Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK. AD - Institute for Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital-Mental Health Services, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Bulik, Cynthia M AU - Bulik CM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7772-3264 AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. AD - Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. AD - Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Thornton, Laura M AU - Thornton LM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9384-7988 AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. FAU - Wu, Ya-Ke AU - Wu YK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8990-3449 AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. AD - School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT05605067 GR - R56MH129437/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States GR - Office of Community Development/ GR - R56MH129437/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260426 PL - England TA - Eur Eat Disord Rev JT - European eating disorders review : the journal of the Eating Disorders Association JID - 9436977 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/psychology/complications MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder/psychology MH - Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Anxiety/psychology MH - Depression/psychology MH - Young Adult MH - Middle Aged PMC - PMC13432419 OTO - NOTNLM OT - anxiety OT - depression OT - eating disorders OT - feeding disorders OT - obsessive-compulsive symptomatology COIS- Dr. Bulik receives royalties from Pearson Education Inc. Dr. Dinkler has received personal fees from Baxter Medical AB and Fresenius Kabi AB outside the submitted work. Other authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/27 06:31 MHDA- 2026/08/03 18:37 PMCR- 2026/08/03 CRDT- 2026/04/27 02:52 PHST- 2025/11/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/05/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/03 18:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/27 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/27 02:52 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ERV70122 [pii] AID - 10.1002/erv.70122 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2026 Sep;34(5):1327-1335. doi: 10.1002/erv.70122. Epub 2026 Apr 26. PMID- 42036681 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260623 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-1315 (Electronic) IS - 1606-0997 (Print) IS - 1606-0997 (Linking) VI - 45 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 26 TI - Predicting fast food avoidance behavior among male adolescents: a structural equation modeling approach to the theory of planned behavior. LID - 10.1186/s41043-026-01320-y [doi] LID - 155 AB - BACKGROUND: Fast food consumption is a growing public health concern, particularly among adolescents, due to its association with obesity and chronic diseases. Understanding the behavioral determinants of fast-food avoidance can inform the design of effective interventions targeting male adolescents. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the determinants of fast-food avoidance behaviors among male high school students in Shiraz, Iran, using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 862 male students in grades 1 and 2 of high school in Shiraz in 2025. A multi-stage sampling strategy was applied, whereby 16 high schools were randomly selected from four educational districts. Within selected schools, classes and students were recruited using a convenience-based approach, and all eligible students present in the selected classes were invited to participate. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and a validated TPB-based instrument assessing knowledge, attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control (PBC), behavioral intention, and fast-food avoidance behavior. Data analysis was performed using JAMOVI (v2.5.6), and SEM was employed to test the hypothesized TPB model. RESULTS: The final TPB model demonstrated excellent fit indices (chi(2)/df = 2.04, CFI = 0.94, RMSEA = 0.05). Attitude (beta = 0.58), subjective norms (beta = 0.34), and PBC (beta = 0.26) significantly predicted behavioral intention (p < .001), which in turn strongly predicted fast-food avoidance behavior (beta = 0.49, p < .001). PBC also had a direct effect on behavior (beta = 0.31). Knowledge exerted an indirect effect on behavior through attitude and intention. Demographic variables, including parental education, household income, and maternal employment, were associated with TPB constructs. CONCLUSION: Fast-food avoidance behaviors among male adolescents are primarily influenced by motivational and control beliefs. From a practical and policy perspective, school-based nutrition education programs and adolescent health policies should prioritize strengthening positive attitudes, enhancing perceived behavioral control, and reinforcing supportive social norms to promote healthier dietary behaviors and reduce fast-food consumption among adolescents. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Ansarifard, Leila AU - Ansarifard L AD - Department of Nursing, Firooabad Higher Education Complex for Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. FAU - Dahi, Ali Al AU - Dahi AA AD - Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. FAU - Behzadinezhad, Sarayel AU - Behzadinezhad S AD - Department of Nursing, Firooabad Higher Education Complex for Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. FAU - Hamedi, Andishe AU - Hamedi A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4484-2915 AD - Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. FAU - Asadollahi, Abdolrahim AU - Asadollahi A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2265-5641 AD - Department of Gerontology, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Razi Ave, Shiraz, Iran. FAU - Golab, Farzaneh Ghaleh AU - Golab FG AD - Department of Healthcare Management, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. FAU - Sendall, Marguerite Claire AU - Sendall MC AD - Department of Environmental and Public Health, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. FAU - Jeihooni, Ali Khani AU - Jeihooni AK AD - Department of Public Health, Nutrition Research Center, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. khani_1512@yahoo.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260426 PL - Bangladesh TA - J Health Popul Nutr JT - Journal of health, population, and nutrition JID - 100959228 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Theory of Planned Behavior MH - Adolescent MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Iran MH - *Fast Foods MH - *Adolescent Behavior/psychology MH - Latent Class Analysis MH - Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Intention MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - Students/psychology PMC - PMC13289231 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent OT - Dietary Behaviors OT - Fast Food Avoidance OT - Fast Foods OT - Feeding Behavior OT - Male OT - Male Adolescents OT - Models OT - Psychological OT - Structural Equation Modeling OT - Surveys and Questionnaires OT - Theory of Planned Behavior COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study protocol was approved by the ethics committee of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. All study participants provided written informed consent. Informed consent was obtained from a parent and/or legal guardian of all the study participants as the subjects are under 16 years old. The ethics committee approved the procedure for verbal consent since the study is observational and respected the code of ethics as stated in the declarations of Helsinki. Consent for publication: None. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/27 00:30 MHDA- 2026/06/23 18:34 PMCR- 2026/04/26 CRDT- 2026/04/26 23:48 PHST- 2025/12/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/23 18:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/27 00:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/26 23:48 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s41043-026-01320-y [pii] AID - 1320 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s41043-026-01320-y [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Health Popul Nutr. 2026 Apr 26;45(1):155. doi: 10.1186/s41043-026-01320-y. PMID- 42035698 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260715 IS - 1873-5347 (Electronic) IS - 0277-9536 (Linking) VI - 400 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Using a theory-based approach to evaluate a physical activity promotion intervention for youth with intellectual disabilities. PG - 119303 LID - S0277-9536(26)00379-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.socscimed.2026.119303 [doi] AB - Youth with intellectual disabilities are less physically active than their typically developing peers. Although interventions to promote physical activity (PA) exist, their effectiveness remains limited and poorly understood. This study introduces a theory-based single-case evaluation approach, using a co-created dyadic PA intervention as the empirical setting to examine causal mechanisms and contextual conditions underlying intervention (in)effectiveness at the individual level. Seven young adults (M(age) = 18.9 +/- 1.7 years) with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities participated in a single-case (A1-B-A2) evaluation with an average 8-week intervention phase. PA was measured using accelerometers and analysed through visual analyses and overlap indices. An initial program theory outlining hypothesised causal steps and contextual conditions was developed before analysis. Biweekly interviews with participants and post-intervention interviews with buddies and caregivers (n = 78) were analysed to refine the program theory. Quantitative analyses indicated increases in total PA in two of seven cases, while three lacked sufficient accelerometer data. The refined program theory outlined three overarching principles (goal interaction, sense of belonging, caregiver support) and six causal steps from 'buddy compatibility' to 'activity exploration' and 'integration'. Across this causal chain, 25 support factors, 29 derailers, and 26 safeguards were identified. The analysis revealed distinct case-level constellations explaining heterogeneous outcomes. Beyond mixed effects on PA, this study shows how a theory-based single-case evaluation can generate mechanistic and context-sensitive insights in heterogeneous populations. Future research should build on these insights to further optimise the intervention and examine feasibility in larger samples. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Maenhout, Laura AU - Maenhout L AD - Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium; Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium. Electronic address: Laura.Maenhout@UGent.be. FAU - Compernolle, Sofie AU - Compernolle S AD - Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium; Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium. FAU - Cardon, Greet AU - Cardon G AD - Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium. FAU - De Paepe, Annick AU - De Paepe A AD - Department of Experimental-Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Belgium. FAU - Van Hove, Geert AU - Van Hove G AD - Department of Special Needs Education, Ghent University, Belgium. FAU - Crombez, Geert AU - Crombez G AD - Department of Experimental-Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Belgium. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260418 PL - England TA - Soc Sci Med JT - Social science & medicine (1982) JID - 8303205 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - *Intellectual Disability/psychology/therapy MH - *Health Promotion/methods/standards MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - Program Evaluation/methods MH - Accelerometry/methods OTO - NOTNLM OT - Dyadic intervention OT - Evaluation OT - Intellectual disabilities OT - Physical activity OT - Program theory OT - Theory-based OT - Youth COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/27 00:30 MHDA- 2026/05/07 00:32 CRDT- 2026/04/26 18:09 PHST- 2025/10/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/07 00:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/27 00:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/26 18:09 [entrez] AID - S0277-9536(26)00379-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.socscimed.2026.119303 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Soc Sci Med. 2026 Jul;400:119303. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2026.119303. Epub 2026 Apr 18. PMID- 42035008 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260628 LR - 20260813 IS - 1471-2369 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2369 (Linking) VI - 27 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 25 TI - Kidney function among adult sickle cell disease patients at Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Nigeria. LID - 10.1186/s12882-026-04999-7 [doi] LID - 361 AB - BACKGROUND: Sickle cell disease (SCD) patients are certainly experiencing improved longevity with improved care and it is not unexpected that long-term complications including kidney diseases are being seen more often than before. Unfortunately, late diagnosis is not unusual. This can in part be explained by some aspects of pathogenesis of kidney disease in SCD including body compensatory mechanisms such as hyperfiltration with its associated lower creatinine levels and exaggerated estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Worse still, no single eGFR formula has been validated across board in this patient population. Based on the forgoing, it is not surprising that there is paucity of data regarding kidney disease among SCD patients even in Nigeria with 2-3% of her population affected, with about 150,000 new-borns affected yearly and 50 million people carrying the sickle cell trait representing the highest burden of SCD globally. Hence, this study is relevant to the field of nephrology as it is expected to draw attention to this emerging cause of kidney disease as it were and also serve as a reminder to non-nephrologists to look beyond serum creatinine levels and eGFR to assess urine of SCD patients for early evidence of kidney disease including loss of urine concentration and pH regulation ability as well as microalbuminuria. AIMS: (1) This study was conducted to evaluate kidney function among patients with SCD in ABUTH, Zaria. (2) To assess the relationship of BMI, sex, age, Blood pressure, and disease duration, on kidney dysfunction among patients with SCD in ABUTH, Zaria. METHOD: This was cross sectional descriptive study involving 210 SCD patients (188 HbSS and 22 HbSC) attending Haematology Clinic in ABUTH Zaria and 210 apparently healthy controls. The subject and control groups were selected using convenience sampling technique. Clinical examinations such as body mass index, blood pressure, were done for both patients and controls. Glomerular Filtration Rates were estimated using (CKD-EPI equation). Albuminuria was quantified using albumin creatinine ratio. Tubular function was assessed for pH and specific gravity (SG) using dip sticks and hygrometer respectively. All data were checked for errors before entering into computer programme version 17.0 SPSS for windows. Categorical data were represented as diagram (charts and tables) while continuous variable data were represented as mean and standard deviation. Student t- test and Pearson's Chi square were used to test for relationship. RESULTS: The study found the prevalence of albuminuria to be 47.2% among patients with SCD in ABUTH Zaria. The prevalence of CKD from stages 3-5 using eGFR was found to be 8.6%. It was observed that 35.2% of the patients with SCD in this study were unable to acidify their urine and 33.3% of them have impaired ability to concentrate their urine. A significant relationship was observed between blood pressure, and ACR with p < 0.001. An inverse relationship between blood pressure and eGFR was observed with p < 0.001. The study shows a significant inverse relationship between age and eGFR with p < 0.001. A positive significant relationship was observed between age and ACR p < 0.001. No significant relationship was observed between BMI and kidney function. Limitations of this study: (1) Lack of determination of HbF to determine its impacts on kidney function. (2) History of use of Hydroxyurea and its impacts on kidney function couldn't be obtained. CONCLUSION: This study has shown high prevalence of albuminuria, impaired urine acidification and urine concentrating ability among patients with SCD. A significant relationship was observed between increasing age, BP and kidney dysfunction (albuminuria, eGFR,) among patients with SCD in ABUTH Zaria. This study therefore, highlights the importance of early screening and detection of markers of chronic kidney among patients with SCD, so that early intervention can be deployed to retard its progression. FAU - Musa, Oguche Sunday AU - Musa OS AD - Renal Unit, Department of Medicine, ABUTH- Zaria, Shika, Zaria, Nigeria. FAU - Ibrahim, Kwaifa Salihu AU - Ibrahim KS AD - Renal Unit, Department of Medicine, ABUTH- Zaria, Shika, Zaria, Nigeria. kwaifasalihu@gmail.com. AD - Depart of Internal Medicine Wuse District Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria. kwaifasalihu@gmail.com. AD - Department of Medicine, Nile University, Abuja, Nigeria. kwaifasalihu@gmail.com. FAU - Bosan, Istifanus Bala AU - Bosan IB AD - Renal Unit, Department of Medicine, ABUTH- Zaria, Shika, Zaria, Nigeria. FAU - Ibrahim, Abubakar AU - Ibrahim A AD - Renal Unit, Department of Medicine, ABUTH- Zaria, Shika, Zaria, Nigeria. FAU - Abdul-Aziz, Hassan AU - Abdul-Aziz H AD - Department of Haematology, ABUTH Zaria, Shika, Zaria, Nigeria. FAU - Moses, Tuko Tari AU - Moses TT AD - Renal Unit, Department of Medicine, ABUTH- Zaria, Shika, Zaria, Nigeria. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260425 PL - England TA - BMC Nephrol JT - BMC nephrology JID - 100967793 RN - AYI8EX34EU (Creatinine) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Anemia, Sickle Cell/physiopathology/epidemiology/diagnosis MH - Nigeria/epidemiology MH - Male MH - Adult MH - *Glomerular Filtration Rate/physiology MH - Young Adult MH - *Hospitals, Teaching/trends MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Middle Aged MH - Creatinine/blood MH - Albuminuria/epidemiology MH - *Kidney/physiopathology MH - *Kidney Diseases/epidemiology/physiopathology/diagnosis MH - Kidney Function Tests MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13270705 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Albuminuria OT - Kidney functions OT - Sickle cell disease OT - Urinary Specific gravity COIS- Declarations. Ethical approval: Ethical approval for the study was sought and obtained from abuth health research ethics committee (HREC). according to helsinki abuth/hrec/cl/05. Consent for publication: All authors have read and approved the final version of this manuscript and consented to its submission to the BMC journal. The authors have confirmed that the work is original and has not been submitted for publication previously and is not under any consideration elsewhere. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/26 06:38 MHDA- 2026/06/28 06:36 PMCR- 2026/04/25 CRDT- 2026/04/26 00:08 PHST- 2025/06/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/28 06:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/26 06:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/26 00:08 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12882-026-04999-7 [pii] AID - 4999 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12882-026-04999-7 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Nephrol. 2026 Apr 25;27(1):361. doi: 10.1186/s12882-026-04999-7. PMID- 42034922 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260805 IS - 1532-8449 (Electronic) IS - 0882-5963 (Linking) VI - 89 DP - 2026 Jul-Aug TI - The role of wearable technologies in symptom management and psychosocial outcomes among pediatric oncology and hematology patients: A systematic review. PG - 153-161 LID - S0882-5963(26)00170-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.pedn.2026.04.009 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Wearable technologies (WD), including biosensors, smartwatches, and activity trackers, are increasingly applied in pediatric healthcare as non-pharmacological and supportive tools for symptom monitoring and psychosocial well-being. Despite their growing use, no prior systematic review has synthesized evidence on their application in pediatric oncology and hematology populations. This review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness, feasibility, and acceptability of WD in improving symptom management and psychosocial outcomes among these patients. METHODS: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE (OVID), Scopus, Web of Science, and CINAHL. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials or quasi-experimental studies involving pediatric oncology or hematology patients using WD for symptom monitoring, physical activity tracking, or psychosocial support. The review followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines, and study quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools. RESULTS: Four studies with a total of 112 participants met inclusion criteria. Interventions employed devices such as Empatica E4, Everion(R), CORE(R), and Fitbit Flex. Wearables were generally feasible and acceptable, with adherence rates ranging from 58% to 95%. Reported benefits included alignment of WD-derived physiological data with clinical vital signs, identification of pain-related distress through biophysical markers, modest improvements in social functioning and motivation, and high parental and patient acceptance. Key limitations included small sample sizes, technical barriers, and inconsistent compliance. CONCLUSION: Wearable technologies show promise for supporting real-time symptom monitoring, pain management, and psychosocial well-being in pediatric oncology and hematology care. Larger, multicenter randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm effectiveness and guide clinical implementation. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Sahin Tokatlioglu, Tugba AU - Sahin Tokatlioglu T AD - Istanbul Aydin University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Istanbul, Turkiye. Electronic address: tsahintokatlioglu@aydin.edu.tr. FAU - Karadede, Huriye AU - Karadede H AD - Istanbul Aydin University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Istanbul, Turkiye. Electronic address: huriyekaradede@aydin.edu.tr. FAU - Oflaz, Fahriye AU - Oflaz F AD - Koc University, School of Nursing, Istanbul, Turkiye. Electronic address: foflaz@ku.edu.tr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20260424 PL - United States TA - J Pediatr Nurs JT - Journal of pediatric nursing JID - 8607529 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Wearable Electronic Devices MH - Child MH - *Neoplasms/psychology/therapy MH - Digital Health MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - Male OTO - NOTNLM OT - Nursing care OT - Pediatric oncology OT - Supportive care OT - Wearable technology COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. EDAT- 2026/04/26 06:38 MHDA- 2026/07/14 12:35 CRDT- 2026/04/26 00:06 PHST- 2025/09/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/14 12:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/26 06:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/26 00:06 [entrez] AID - S0882-5963(26)00170-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.pedn.2026.04.009 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Pediatr Nurs. 2026 Jul-Aug;89:153-161. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2026.04.009. Epub 2026 Apr 24. PMID- 42034862 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20261010 IS - 1433-0350 (Electronic) IS - 0256-7040 (Linking) VI - 42 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 25 TI - Ultrasonographic assessment of subarachnoid space width in healthy infants aged 0-3 months: normative data and associations with anthropometric parameters. LID - 180 [pii] LID - 10.1007/s00381-026-07278-w [doi] AB - PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to establish ultrasonography-based reference values for subarachnoid space width and to examine associations between anthropometric Z-scores and these measurements in healthy infants aged 0-3 months. METHODS: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 125 healthy infants aged 0-3 months who underwent cranial ultrasound examinations. Subarachnoid space dimensions were measured bilaterally at the coronal level of the foramen of Monro, including craniocortical width (CCW), sinocortical width (SCW), and interhemispheric width (IHW). Age, body weight (BW), body height (BH), body mass index (BMI), body surface area (BSA), and head circumference (HC) Z-scores were analyzed for associations with subarachnoid space dimensions. Intraobserver reliability was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC, two-way mixed-effects model). RESULTS: Mean values for CCW, SCW, and IHW increased progressively with age. Age was the only variable independently associated with CCW and SCW, while no significant anthropometric associations were found for IHW. Based on the 95th percentile, the proposed upper limits were 3.1 mm for CCW, 3.8 mm for SCW, and 4.2 mm for IHW. ICC values ranged from 0.93 to 0.95, indicating excellent intraobserver agreement. CONCLUSIONS: This study establishes ultrasonography-based normative data and describes growth-related associations for subarachnoid space width during the first 3 months of life. These findings provide a practical reference for interpreting subarachnoid space dimensions during early infancy. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Colak, Edis AU - Colak E AD - Department of Pediatric Radiology, Dr. Behcet Uz Children's Disease and Pediatric Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Izmir Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Izmir, Turkey. drediscolak@gmail.com. AD - Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey. drediscolak@gmail.com. FAU - Karaoglu, Pakize AU - Karaoglu P AD - Department of Pediatric Neurology, Dr. Behcet Uz Children's Disease and Pediatric Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Izmir Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Izmir, Turkey. FAU - Karaman, Huseyin Husnu AU - Karaman HH AD - Department of Pediatric Radiology, Dr. Behcet Uz Children's Disease and Pediatric Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Izmir Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Izmir, Turkey. FAU - Unalp, Aycan AU - Unalp A AD - Department of Pediatric Neurology, Dr. Behcet Uz Children's Disease and Pediatric Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Izmir Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Izmir, Turkey. FAU - Orbatu, Dilek AU - Orbatu D AD - Department of Neonatal Intensive Care, Dr. Behcet Uz Children's Disease and Pediatric Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Izmir Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Izmir, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20260425 PL - Germany TA - Childs Nerv Syst JT - Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery JID - 8503227 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Subarachnoid Space/diagnostic imaging/anatomy & histology MH - Infant MH - Male MH - Female MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Reference Values MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Anthropometry MH - Ultrasonography OTO - NOTNLM OT - Anthropometric associations OT - Cerebrospinal fluid OT - Cranial ultrasonography OT - Infants OT - Intraclass correlation coefficient OT - Normative data OT - Subarachnoid space COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Institutional Ethics Committee (Protocol No. GOA-217). Consent for publication: The authors affirm that human research participants provided informed consent for publication of the images in Figs. 1, 2, and 3. Conflict of interest: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/26 05:13 MHDA- 2026/04/26 06:38 CRDT- 2026/04/25 23:58 PHST- 2025/11/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/26 06:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/26 05:13 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/25 23:58 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00381-026-07278-w [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00381-026-07278-w [doi] PST - epublish SO - Childs Nerv Syst. 2026 Apr 25;42(1):180. doi: 10.1007/s00381-026-07278-w. PMID- 42034336 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260616 IS - 1885-5857 (Electronic) IS - 1885-5857 (Linking) DP - 2026 Apr 23 TI - Adapting the REVEAL Lite 2 score to the pediatric population through machine learning: insights from the REHIPED registry for pediatric pulmonary hypertension. LID - S1885-5857(26)00074-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.rec.2026.03.006 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Risk scores for pulmonary hypertension (PH) have been proven useful in adults. However, no risk score has been validated in pediatric populations. Our aim was to adapt the REVEAL Lite 2 score to pediatrics, including groups 1 (pulmonary arterial hypertension) and 3 (PH associated with lung diseases). METHODS: Data from the REHIPED was used, which is the PH registry of the Spanish Society of Pediatric Cardiology and Congenital Heart Disease. The registry also incorporates some Colombian centers. Patients in group 1 and group 3 were included. The score was derived using machine learning. The contribution of each variable and its cutoffs were identified through gradient boosting. The REVEAL Lite 2 variables were normalized and entered into the model, along with each patient's weight, sex, and age. Risk stratification into 3 categories (low, intermediate, and high risk) was performed. RESULTS: A total of 420 children were analyzed. The final model included functional class, age at diagnosis, heart rate, weight-for-height percentile, systolic blood pressure, natriuretic peptides, weight-for-age percentile, and 6-minute walk test. The area under the curve was 0.82, with an estimated area under the curve of 0.73 on unseen data. The log-rank P value for differences in transplant-free survival among the 3 risk strata (low, intermediate, and high) was<.001. HR for intermediate risk vs low risk was 3.10 (95%CI, 1.02-9.40; P=.046), and HR for high risk vs low risk was 12.30 (95%CI, 4.42-34.25; P <.001). CONCLUSIONS: Our score adequately stratifies the risk of PH in the pediatric population, including infants, and is based on noninvasive variables. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Sociedad Espanola de Cardiologia. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L.U. All rights reserved. FAU - Playan-Escribano, Julia AU - Playan-Escribano J AD - Servicio de Cardiologia, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Gregorio Maranon, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Servicio de Cardiologia, Hospital Universitario del Sureste, Arganda del Rey, Madrid, Spain; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: julia.playan@gmail.com. FAU - Labrandero de Lera, Carlos AU - Labrandero de Lera C AD - Servicio de Cardiologia Pediatrica, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Albert de la Torre, Leticia AU - Albert de la Torre L AD - Servicio de Cardiologia Pediatrica, Instituto Pediatrico del Corazon, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria 12 de Octubre (imas12), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Rodriguez-Ogando, Alejandro AU - Rodriguez-Ogando A AD - Servicio de Cardiologia Pediatrica, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Moreno-Galdo, Antonio AU - Moreno-Galdo A AD - Seccion de Neumologia Pediatrica, Servicio de Pediatria, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigacion en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Guillen Rodriguez, Inmaculada AU - Guillen Rodriguez I AD - Servicio de Cardiologia y Hemodinamica Pediatricas, Hospital Virgen del Rocio, Seville, Spain. FAU - Sabate-Rotes, Anna AU - Sabate-Rotes A AD - Servicio de Cardiologia Pediatrica, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Moya-Bonora, Amparo AU - Moya-Bonora A AD - Servicio de Cardiologia Pediatrica, Hospital Universitario La Fe, Valencia, Spain. FAU - Caicedo Cuenca, Lina Maria AU - Caicedo Cuenca LM AD - Servicio de Cardiologia Pediatrica, Clinica Shaio, Bogota, Colombia. FAU - Cerro-Marin, Maria Jesus AU - Cerro-Marin MJ AD - Servicio de Cardiologia Pediatrica, Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica Ramon y Cajal (IRYCIS), Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: majecerro@yahoo.es. CN - REHIPED investigators LA - eng LA - spa PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260423 PL - Spain TA - Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed) JT - Revista espanola de cardiologia (English ed.) JID - 101587954 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Aprendizaje automatico OT - Epidemiology OT - Epidemiologia OT - Factores de riesgo OT - Hipertension pulmonar OT - Machine learning OT - Pediatrics OT - Pediatria OT - Pulmonary hypertension OT - Risk factors EDAT- 2026/04/26 05:13 MHDA- 2026/04/26 05:13 CRDT- 2026/04/25 19:24 PHST- 2026/01/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/26 05:13 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/26 05:13 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/25 19:24 [entrez] AID - S1885-5857(26)00074-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.rec.2026.03.006 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed). 2026 Apr 23:S1885-5857(26)00074-5. doi: 10.1016/j.rec.2026.03.006. PMID- 42034124 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260811 LR - 20260811 IS - 1878-1632 (Electronic) IS - 1529-9430 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Environmental factors rather than genetics likely drive vitamin D deficiency in idiopathic scoliosis. PG - 1843-1851 LID - S1529-9430(26)00132-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.spinee.2026.04.026 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Low vitamin D levels in individuals with idiopathic scoliosis (IS) have been reported and suggested as a potential contributor to IS. Bone density has also been shown to be lower in individuals with IS. PURPOSE: To investigate serum levels of vitamin D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), markers of bone metabolism, and the genetic variation associated with vitamin D levels and bone density in individuals with IS and healthy controls. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING: Case-control study combining Scandinavian serum cohorts and genetic cohorts. PATIENT SAMPLE: Serum analyses: 174 individuals with IS and 153 nonscoliotic controls. GENETIC ANALYSES: A total of 1,394 individuals with IS and 11,108 controls. OUTCOME MEASURES: Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), PTH, C-terminal telopeptide (CTX), osteocalcin, calcium, phosphate, creatinine, albumin, alkaline phosphatase, and leptin. Polygenic risk scores (PRS) for 25OHD and bone mineral density (BMD). METHODS: Serum samples were analyzed using validated clinical laboratory methods. PRS for 25OHD and BMD were calculated based on previous literature. Statistical analyses were performed using Mann-Whitney U tests, logistic, and linear regression. Mendelian randomization was analyzed using logistic regression and the inverse-variance weighted method. RESULTS: In the serum cohort, median 25OHD levels were 54.4 nmol/L in individuals with IS and 67.0 nmol/L in controls. Corresponding PTH levels were 4.0 and 3.2 pmol/L. No statistically significant differences were found in CTX, osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase, or leptin. PRS for 25OHD was associated with serum 25OHD levels. PRS in individuals with IS and controls were nonsignificant for 25OHD, BMD femoral neck, and BMD lumbar spine. A tendency for lower values for estimated BMD heel was seen in individuals with scoliosis compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate altered regulation of the vitamin D-PTH axis in IS, likely driven by environmental rather than genetic factors. Bone turnover markers were comparable between groups; no clear genetically mediated BMD differences could be observed. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Georgopoulos, Ioannis AU - Georgopoulos I AD - Department of Surgical Sciences, Orthopaedics and Hand Surgery, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Orthopaedics and Hand Surgery, Uppsala University Hospital, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden. Electronic address: ioannis.georgopoulos@uu.se. FAU - Cheng, Tian AU - Cheng T AD - Department of Surgical Sciences, Orthopaedics and Hand Surgery, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Orthopaedics and Hand Surgery, Uppsala University Hospital, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden. FAU - Fell, Daniel AU - Fell D AD - Department of Spinal Surgery, Nacka Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Simony, Ane AU - Simony A AD - Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Lillebaelt Hospital, Kolding, Denmark. FAU - Andersen, Mikkel O AU - Andersen MO AD - Department of Spine Surgery and Research, Lillebaelt Hospital, Kolding, Denmark. FAU - Einarsdottir, Elisabet AU - Einarsdottir E AD - Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Gene Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden. FAU - Karlsson, Magnus K AU - Karlsson MK AD - Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmo, Sweden; Department of Orthopaedics, Skane University Hospital, Malmo, Sweden. FAU - Bergstrom, Ingrid AU - Bergstrom I AD - Department of Clinical Sciences and Education, Sodersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Diarbakerli, Elias AU - Diarbakerli E AD - Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Reconstructive Orthopaedics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Schizas, Nikos AU - Schizas N AD - Department of Surgical Sciences, Orthopaedics and Hand Surgery, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Orthopaedics and Hand Surgery, Uppsala University Hospital, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden. FAU - Gerdhem, Paul AU - Gerdhem P AD - Department of Surgical Sciences, Orthopaedics and Hand Surgery, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Orthopaedics and Hand Surgery, Uppsala University Hospital, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260423 PL - United States TA - Spine J JT - The spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society JID - 101130732 RN - 1406-16-2 (Vitamin D) RN - 0 (Parathyroid Hormone) RN - A288AR3C9H (25-hydroxyvitamin D) RN - 104982-03-8 (Osteocalcin) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Scoliosis/blood/genetics/complications MH - Female MH - *Vitamin D Deficiency/blood/genetics/complications MH - Bone Density MH - Vitamin D/blood/analogs & derivatives MH - Male MH - Parathyroid Hormone/blood MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Osteocalcin/blood OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bone metabolism OT - Bone mineral density OT - Idiopathic scoliosis OT - Polygenic risk score OT - Serum level of 25OHD OT - Vitamin D COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/04/26 05:13 MHDA- 2026/08/11 23:35 CRDT- 2026/04/25 19:19 PHST- 2026/01/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/11 23:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/26 05:13 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/25 19:19 [entrez] AID - S1529-9430(26)00132-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.spinee.2026.04.026 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Spine J. 2026 Sep;26(9):1843-1851. doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2026.04.026. Epub 2026 Apr 23. PMID- 42033951 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260715 IS - 1878-7487 (Electronic) IS - 1752-928X (Linking) VI - 120 DP - 2026 May TI - Automated dental age estimation model for panoramic radiographs. PG - 103148 LID - S1752-928X(26)00080-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jflm.2026.103148 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Developmental stages of the dentition and age-group classification are crucial in forensic odontology, oral radiology, pediatric dentistry, and orthodontic dentistry. However, the manual interpretation of dental panoramic (OPG) radiographs for assessing the developmental stages and further age-group classification is time-consuming and prone to variability. This current model aims to evaluate the performance of a computational neural network (CNN) based model for automated detection of Nolla's developmental stages of permanent teeth and subsequent dental age group classification using digital OPGs from individuals aged 3 - 30 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nolla's method was selected for its broad applicability to all the permanent teeth, including the developing third molar, and its comprehensive staging system. A total of 4073 radiographic images for Nolla's developmental stages (0 to 10) and age-group classification were utilized for training and validation of an annotated dataset, with an independent dataset of 1450 anonymized radiographs with varying quality and 644 repository images for testing of the YOLOv8-based models. RESULTS: For the developmental stage classification, the model achieved a precision of 0.912, recall rate of 0.927, F1 score of 0.919, and a mean average precision (mAP) of 0.963. For age-group classification, the model demonstrated a precision of 0.83, recall of 0.79, F1 score of 0.81, and mAP of 0.88. The overall performance was highest in the mid-age range, and the lower metrics were observed in younger age groups less than 6 years of age. CONCLUSION & SIGNIFICANCE: The current model effectively identifies and classifies the developmental stages of permanent teeth and estimates age from panoramic radiographs with high accuracy, especially in well-represented age groups. It emphasizes the feasibility of applying real-time object detection frameworks for age assessment. While not intended as a validated forensic age-group classification tool, the model provides a proof-of-concept for integrating real-time object detection approaches into dental developmental assessment workflows and establishes a foundation for future population-specific, sex stratified, and forensically validated models. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier Ltd and Faculty of Forensic and Legal Medicine. All rights reserved. FAU - Akshaya, M AU - Akshaya M AD - Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology, Government Dental College & Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560002, India. Electronic address: drakshayamurugan97@gmail.com. FAU - Vijayalakshmi, K R AU - Vijayalakshmi KR AD - Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology, Government Dental College & Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560002, India. FAU - Kumar, T N R AU - Kumar TNR AD - Department of Computer Science, MS Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560054, India. FAU - Rakshana, M AU - Rakshana M AD - Biomedical Engineering, Universitat Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, 69117. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260420 PL - England TA - J Forensic Leg Med JT - Journal of forensic and legal medicine JID - 101300022 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Age Determination by Teeth/methods MH - *Radiography, Panoramic MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Young Adult MH - Forensic Dentistry MH - Convolutional Neural Networks MH - Dentition, Permanent MH - Radiography, Dental, Digital MH - *Neural Networks, Computer OTO - NOTNLM OT - Age-group classification OT - Artificial intelligence OT - Forensic OT - Panoramic radiography COIS- Conflict of interest The authors declare that they have no known conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/26 05:13 MHDA- 2026/05/31 05:33 CRDT- 2026/04/25 18:11 PHST- 2025/08/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/01/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/31 05:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/26 05:13 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/25 18:11 [entrez] AID - S1752-928X(26)00080-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jflm.2026.103148 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Forensic Leg Med. 2026 May;120:103148. doi: 10.1016/j.jflm.2026.103148. Epub 2026 Apr 20. PMID- 42033785 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20261005 IS - 1462-0332 (Electronic) IS - 1462-0324 (Linking) VI - 65 IP - 5 DP - 2026 May 5 TI - Beyond muscle strength: functional performance measures enhance assessment of disease activity in juvenile dermatomyositis. LID - keag232 [pii] LID - 10.1093/rheumatology/keag232 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the measurement properties of functional performance measures (FPMs), broad jump (BJ) and 10-m run (10MR) in JDM, and to assess their added value alongside conventional clinical tools. METHODS: This longitudinal cohort study included 39 children with JDM. BJ and 10MR were assessed with Physician Global Assessment of Disease Activity (PGA), Cutaneous Dermatomyositis Disease Area and Severity Index (CDASI), Manual Muscle Testing in 8 muscles (MMT8) and the Childhood Myositis Assessment Scale (CMAS) at baseline and follow-up visits (every 3-6 months). Construct validity and responsiveness were assessed through cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. RESULTS: FPMs correlated significantly with disease activity and muscle function, with faster 10MR and longer BJ performance associated with lower PGA and higher CMAS/MMT8. 10MR and BJ demonstrated moderate responsiveness (standardized response mean = -0.56 and 0.31, respectively), and longitudinal analyses confirmed that FPM changes paralleled improvements in CMAS and MMT8 over time. Within the clinically inactive disease (CID) group, functional heterogeneity was evident. Cluster analysis based on CMAS and MMT8 identified a subgroup with relatively low strength scores and poor FPM performance, while a more comprehensive four-variable clustering using BJ, 10MR, CMAS and MMT8 further stratified CID patients into three distinct phenotypes. Notably, one subgroup exhibited high CMAS/MMT8 scores but reduced FPMs, indicating residual functional impairment not captured by traditional assessments. Low internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.44) further suggested that FPMs capture dimensions distinct from CMAS/MMT8. CONCLUSION: FPMs are quick, feasible tools that may provide complementary information on dynamic muscle performance not fully captured by CMAS or MMT8. Their ability to identify functional variability within CID patients supports their potential utility in monitoring functional recovery in JDM. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Rheumatology. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site-for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com. FAU - Shi, Jia AU - Shi J AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-3995-6697 AD - Division of Rheumatology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. AD - Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology, State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Beijing, China. FAU - Carpenter, Alexander AU - Carpenter A AD - Division of Rheumatology, Seattle Children's Hospital and Research Center, University of WA, Seattle, WA, USA. FAU - Wong, Christopher AU - Wong C AD - Division of Rheumatology, Seattle Children's Hospital and Research Center, University of WA, Seattle, WA, USA. FAU - Wang, Qian AU - Wang Q AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4541-9898 AD - Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology, State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Beijing, China. FAU - Lood, Christian AU - Lood C AD - Division of Rheumatology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. FAU - Shenoi, Susan AU - Shenoi S AD - Division of Rheumatology, Seattle Children's Hospital and Research Center, University of WA, Seattle, WA, USA. LA - eng GR - Cure JM Foundation/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - England TA - Rheumatology (Oxford) JT - Rheumatology (Oxford, England) JID - 100883501 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Dermatomyositis/physiopathology/diagnosis MH - Female MH - Male MH - Child MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Severity of Illness Index MH - *Muscle Strength/physiology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Physical Functional Performance MH - Adolescent MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Exercise Test/methods MH - Muscle, Skeletal/physiopathology OTO - NOTNLM OT - 10-m run OT - broad jump OT - functional performance measures OT - juvenile dermatomyositis OT - muscle function EDAT- 2026/04/26 05:13 MHDA- 2026/05/21 06:32 CRDT- 2026/04/25 14:53 PHST- 2025/07/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/21 06:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/26 05:13 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/25 14:53 [entrez] AID - 8662569 [pii] AID - 10.1093/rheumatology/keag232 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Rheumatology (Oxford). 2026 May 5;65(5):keag232. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/keag232. PMID- 42032814 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260701 LR - 20260726 IS - 1098-4275 (Electronic) IS - 0031-4005 (Linking) VI - 158 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 1 TI - Predicting Mortality in Tanzanian Children With Sepsis Using Point-of-Care Biomarkers. LID - e2026076344 [pii] LID - 10.1542/peds.2026-076344 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Sepsis is a leading cause of child mortality worldwide, disproportionately affecting children in resource-limited settings (RLSs). Effective risk-stratification tools using readily available data are urgently needed for this population. Therefore, the study objective was to evaluate the performance of point-of-care (POC) biomarkers and clinical characteristics for predicting in-hospital mortality among Tanzanian children with sepsis. METHODS: We conducted a prospective observational cohort study of children (aged 28 days-14 years) with sepsis presenting to Muhimbili National Hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (July 2022-November 2024). POC biomarkers (procalcitonin [PCT], C-reactive protein, ferritin, and lactate) and clinical characteristics were evaluated for their association with mortality. We used the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression to construct predictive models of mortality. We evaluated model performance using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and classification metrics, including sensitivity and specificity. RESULTS: Among the 755 enrolled participants, 19.6% (n = 148) died during hospitalization. PCT and tested clinical characteristics were significantly associated with mortality (all P < .001). A multivariable model incorporating PCT, malnutrition, breathing difficulty, and altered mental status demonstrated strong discrimination (AUC 0.87, 95% CI [0.84-0.90]), outperforming individual biomarkers and clinical characteristics alone. CONCLUSIONS: A combined POC biomarker and clinical characteristics model was highly predictive of mortality among children with sepsis in Tanzania. Integrating POC biomarkers with easy-to-measure clinical characteristics associated with severity may enable timely risk stratification and inform targeted interventions to improve pediatric sepsis outcomes in RLSs. FAU - Sorensen, Abigail M AU - Sorensen AM AD - University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California. FAU - Mussa, Raya Y AU - Mussa RY AD - Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. FAU - Oltman, Scott P AU - Oltman SP AD - University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California. AD - Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California. AD - University of California San Francisco, Institute for Global Health Sciences, San Francisco, California. FAU - Sunzula, Erasto M AU - Sunzula EM AD - Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. FAU - Mlele, Victoria M AU - Mlele VM AD - Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. FAU - Msemwa, Cecilia L AU - Msemwa CL AD - Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. FAU - Mathias, Lushona K AU - Mathias LK AD - Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. FAU - Sun, Kathleen S AU - Sun KS AD - University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California. FAU - Maidana, Jazmin M Baez AU - Maidana JMB AD - University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California. FAU - Mkopi, Namala P AU - Mkopi NP AD - Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. FAU - Hooft, Anneka M AU - Hooft AM AD - University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California. FAU - Mfinanga, Juma A AU - Mfinanga JA AD - Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. FAU - Manyahi, Joel P AU - Manyahi JP AD - Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. FAU - Sawe, Hendry R AU - Sawe HR AD - Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. FAU - Kortz, Teresa B AU - Kortz TB AD - University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California. AD - University of California San Francisco, Institute for Global Health Sciences, San Francisco, California. LA - eng GR - K23 AI144029/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study PL - United States TA - Pediatrics JT - Pediatrics JID - 0376422 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 9007-41-4 (C-Reactive Protein) RN - 0 (Procalcitonin) RN - 9007-73-2 (Ferritins) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Tanzania/epidemiology MH - *Sepsis/mortality/blood/diagnosis MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - Child, Preschool MH - Female MH - Prospective Studies MH - Infant MH - Male MH - *Point-of-Care Systems MH - *Hospital Mortality MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - C-Reactive Protein/analysis MH - Procalcitonin/blood MH - Cohort Studies MH - Resource-Limited Settings MH - Ferritins/blood EDAT- 2026/04/25 06:33 MHDA- 2026/07/01 12:48 CRDT- 2026/04/25 00:03 PHST- 2026/03/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/01 12:48 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/25 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/25 00:03 [entrez] AID - 207285 [pii] AID - 10.1542/peds.2026-076344 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pediatrics. 2026 Jul 1;158(1):e2026076344. doi: 10.1542/peds.2026-076344. PMID- 42029501 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260424 LR - 20260813 IS - 2411-5142 (Electronic) IS - 2411-5142 (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Mar 24 TI - Phase-Based Motor Skill Acquisition in Preschool Children with Different Participation Experience in a Kinesiology Program. LID - 10.3390/jfmk11020133 [doi] LID - 133 AB - Background: Early childhood is a critical period for the development of motor competence, which is closely related to later physical activity, educational readiness, and broader developmental outcomes. However, the temporal dynamics of motor skill acquisition in preschool children, particularly the time required to reach initial and early refinement phases of learning, remain insufficiently described. The aim of this study was to examine whether different levels of previous participation experience in an organized kinesiology program are associated with differences in the speed and quality of novel motor skill acquisition in preschool children, and to explore the relationship between baseline motor proficiency and phase-based indicators of motor learning. Methods: A total of 161 preschool children aged 5-6 years participated in the study and were grouped according to their previous participation experience in an organized kinesiology program (0 h, ~120 h, ~350 h, and ~470 h). Following BOT-2 assessment, all participants completed a standardized 7-week motor learning program that included nine previously unfamiliar motor tasks. Using a phase-based video analysis protocol, three learning indicators were recorded: time to Phase 1 (F1; first successful execution), time to Phase 2 (F2; initial refinement of performance), and final performance quality (K). Group differences and associations were first examined descriptively and correlationally, after which additional multivariable regression models were performed to determine whether previous participation experience and baseline motor proficiency were independently associated with motor learning outcomes. Results: The findings showed consistent differences across groups, with children who had greater previous participation experience generally reaching F1 and F2 more rapidly and achieving higher final performance quality scores. Higher BOT-2 scores were also associated with shorter learning times and better final performance quality. In the multivariable models, both previous participation experience in an organized kinesiology program and BOT-2 total score were independently associated with Phase 1 attainment time and final performance quality, whereas only previous participation experience remained independently associated with Phase 2 attainment time. The applied phase-based observational protocol demonstrated good to excellent inter-rater reliability across the evaluated motor learning variables. Conclusions: These findings provide phase-based temporal indicators of motor learning progression in preschool children and suggest that previous participation experience in an organized kinesiology program and baseline motor competence are meaningfully associated with the speed and quality of acquiring new motor tasks. The findings also demonstrate the potential of phase-based approaches for quantifying motor learning dynamics in early childhood settings. Such indicators may offer useful reference information for instructional pacing and the planning of motor learning activities, while also serving as practically relevant predictors for adapting future kinesiology programs to children's motor readiness. Future research should further examine these relationships using longitudinal and analytically expanded designs. FAU - Plazibat, Kristian AU - Plazibat K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7957-5795 AD - Natural Sciences School Vladimir Prelog, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia. AD - Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Slavonski Brod, 35000 Slavonski Brod, Croatia. AD - Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia. FAU - Vidranski, Tihomir AU - Vidranski T AD - Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia. FAU - Baric, Renata AU - Baric R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2614-673X AD - Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260324 PL - Switzerland TA - J Funct Morphol Kinesiol JT - Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology JID - 101712257 PMC - PMC13108015 OTO - NOTNLM OT - motor competence OT - motor learning OT - organized kinesiology program OT - phase-based learning OT - preschool children COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/24 12:36 MHDA- 2026/04/24 12:37 PMCR- 2026/03/24 CRDT- 2026/04/24 10:43 PHST- 2026/01/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/24 12:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/24 12:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/24 10:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jfmk11020133 [pii] AID - jfmk-11-00133 [pii] AID - 10.3390/jfmk11020133 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Funct Morphol Kinesiol. 2026 Mar 24;11(2):133. doi: 10.3390/jfmk11020133. PMID- 42029001 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260904 LR - 20260906 IS - 1601-6343 (Electronic) IS - 1601-6335 (Print) IS - 1601-6335 (Linking) VI - 29 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Functional Unit-Based Analysis Unveils the Skeletal Mandibular Effects of Class II Elastics Therapy in Adolescents. PG - 848-855 LID - 10.1111/ocr.70127 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: This study sought to thoroughly assess the skeletal impacts of Class II elastics therapy on the developing mandible, highlighting three-dimensional changes in its functional units. METHODS: Treatment records of 140 CBCT scans from 70 adolescent patients were retrospectively collected and assigned to one of two groups: the Class II elastics group (n = 35), in which class II elastics were performed on the stainless steel archwires for more than 12 months, and the control group (n = 35). Pre- and post-treatment cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were used to assess changes related to the skeletal facial pattern, functional units, and transverse parameters. An independent t-test was used to compare between the two groups. RESULTS: In the Class II elastics group, the mandibular body unit length (IAF-MF) increased by 3.09 +/- 3.16 mm from pre- to post-treatment, significantly larger than that in the control group (1.37 +/- 3.14 mm). No other mandibular functional unit or transverse parameters demonstrated significant differences between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the single-center sample included in this study, the adolescent group receiving prolonged Class II elastics may have exhibited a greater increase in mandibular body unit length compared to the group with minimal elastic use. However, these findings cannot be generalized without further validation. CI - (c) 2026 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Abdulghani, Ehab A AU - Abdulghani EA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3392-4248 AD - State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. AD - Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Thamar University, Thamar City, Yemen. FAU - Mei, Li AU - Mei L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7856-8091 AD - Discipline of Orthodontics, Department of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. FAU - Al-Sosowa, Abeer A AU - Al-Sosowa AA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3318-1381 AD - Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. AD - Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Thamar University, Thamar, Yemen. FAU - Li, Shijia AU - Li S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8445-6969 AD - State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. FAU - Al-Somairi, Majedh Abdo Ali AU - Al-Somairi MAA AD - Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang Clinical Medical Research Center of Orthodontic Disease, Shenyang, People's Republic of China. AD - Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen. FAU - Alhammadi, Maged S AU - Alhammadi MS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1402-0470 AD - Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Yi, Jianru AU - Yi J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3594-192X AD - State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. FAU - Li, Yu AU - Li Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8578-7268 AD - State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. LA - eng GR - 82371003/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260424 PL - England TA - Orthod Craniofac Res JT - Orthodontics & craniofacial research JID - 101144387 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Mandible/growth & development/diagnostic imaging MH - *Malocclusion, Angle Class II/therapy/diagnostic imaging MH - Adolescent MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Cone-Beam Computed Tomography MH - Female MH - Male MH - Cephalometry MH - Orthodontic Appliance Design MH - Orthodontic Wires PMC - PMC13543191 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CBCT OT - adolescent orthodontics OT - class II elastics OT - growth modification OT - mandibular functional unit COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest with respect to the authorship and/or publication of this retrospective longitudinal comparative study. EDAT- 2026/04/24 12:35 MHDA- 2026/09/04 17:40 PMCR- 2026/09/04 CRDT- 2026/04/24 08:53 PHST- 2026/04/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/04 17:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/24 12:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/24 08:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - OCR70127 [pii] AID - 10.1111/ocr.70127 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Orthod Craniofac Res. 2026 Oct;29(5):848-855. doi: 10.1111/ocr.70127. Epub 2026 Apr 24. PMID- 42028711 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260820 IS - 2445-2807 (Electronic) IS - 0214-1221 (Linking) VI - 39 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Apr 15 TI - Conservative management of choledocholithiasis in the pediatric age: A safe therapeutic approach. PG - 60-64 LID - 10.54847/cp.2026.02.12 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Gallstone disease is an entity on the rise in the pediatric population, and it is estimated that 20-30% of these patients present with associated choledocholithiasis. Currently, there is no definitive consensus regarding the optimal treatment for pediatric choledocholithiasis, with different therapeutic strategies having been proposed. The objective of the present work is to evaluate the safety and feasibility of conservative management and analyze the factors associated with spontaneous resolution. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective observational study of 72 pediatric patients with choledocholithiasis treated between 2021 and 2024. Patients with evidence of choledochal dilation (common bile duct >/= 7 mm), biochemical alterations (total bilirubin > 1.2 mg/dl, direct bilirubin > 0.3 mg/dl, amylase > 100 U/L, and/or lipase > 36 U/L) were included. Demographic variables, comorbidities, ultrasound findings, biochemical alterations, and time until resolution were analyzed. RESULTS: The mean age was 12.8 years (range 4-17), with a female predominance (69%). Obesity was the main risk factor (80%). 43.4% of the patients (n= 24) presented with persistent choledocholithiasis and required endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, with pancreatitis recorded in 3 cases and cholangitis in 1 case as post-procedure complications. 66.6% (n= 48) showed spontaneous resolution. Bilirubin normalization was faster than choledochal diameter normalization (2.6 vs. 4 days). All patients with initial pancreatitis spontaneously resolved their choledocholithiasis. Biliary tract dilation was associated with greater choledocholithiasis persistence (p= 0.0395). CONCLUSIONS: Conservative management with periodic reevaluations constitutes a safe and effective therapeutic alternative in selected pediatric patients, allowing for the reduction of the need for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography or biliary tract instrumentation and their associated risks. FAU - Dardanelli, C AU - Dardanelli C AD - Pediatric Surgery Department. Hospital General de Ninos Pedro de Elizalde. Buenos Aires (Argentina). FAU - Cotta, E AU - Cotta E AD - Pediatric Surgery Department. Hospital General de Ninos Pedro de Elizalde. Buenos Aires (Argentina). FAU - Pinto, C G AU - Pinto CG AD - Pediatric Surgery Department. Hospital General de Ninos Pedro de Elizalde. Buenos Aires (Argentina). FAU - Falcioni, G AU - Falcioni G AD - Pediatric Surgery Department. Hospital General de Ninos Pedro de Elizalde. Buenos Aires (Argentina). FAU - Toselli, L AU - Toselli L AD - Pediatric Surgery Department. Hospital General de Ninos Pedro de Elizalde. Buenos Aires (Argentina). FAU - Maricic, M AU - Maricic M AD - Pediatric Surgery Department. Hospital General de Ninos Pedro de Elizalde. Buenos Aires (Argentina). FAU - Pace, R AU - Pace R AD - Pediatric Surgery Department. Hospital General de Ninos Pedro de Elizalde. Buenos Aires (Argentina). FAU - Cusumano, H AU - Cusumano H AD - Pediatric Surgery Department. Hospital General de Ninos Pedro de Elizalde. Buenos Aires (Argentina). FAU - Bellia Munzon, G AU - Bellia Munzon G AD - Pediatric Surgery Department. Hospital General de Ninos Pedro de Elizalde. Buenos Aires (Argentina). LA - eng LA - spa PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study TT - Manejo conservador de la coledocolitiasis en la edad pediatrica: Un enfoque terapeutico seguro. DEP - 20260415 PL - Spain TA - Cir Pediatr JT - Cirugia pediatrica : organo oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Cirugia Pediatrica JID - 8900492 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Choledocholithiasis/therapy MH - Female MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Conservative Treatment/methods/adverse effects MH - Male MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Adolescent MH - Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde/methods MH - Risk Factors MH - Feasibility Studies OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cholangiopancreatography, endoscopic retrograde OT - Cholecystectomy, laparoscopic OT - Choledocholithiasis OT - Conservative treatment OT - Pediatrics EDAT- 2026/04/24 12:35 MHDA- 2026/04/24 12:36 CRDT- 2026/04/24 06:03 PHST- 2026/04/24 12:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/24 12:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/24 06:03 [entrez] AID - 10.54847/cp.2026.02.12 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cir Pediatr. 2026 Apr 15;39(2):60-64. doi: 10.54847/cp.2026.02.12. PMID- 42027920 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260926 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - The association between motor coordination, physical fitness, and cognitive function in preschool children: physical fitness as a key bridge between motor coordination and executive function. PG - 1795664 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1795664 [doi] LID - 1795664 AB - The preschool period (3-6 years) is a critical window for the development of motor abilities, physical fitness, and executive function. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association between motor coordination (MC) and physical fitness (PFI), examine their independent predictive effects on three core executive functions (cognitive flexibility, inhibitory control, working memory), and verify the mediating role of PFI. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with children aged 3-6 years. Motor coordination (MC) was assessed using the MABC-2, physical fitness (PFI) via the Chinese National Physical Fitness Measurement Standards Manual for Preschool Children, and cognitive functions through validated behavioral tasks. Pearson correlation, hierarchical regression, and Bootstrap mediation analyses were employed. RESULTS: A total of 713 children (386 boys, 327 girls) were included in the analysis. MC was significantly correlated with PFI (r = 0.443, p < 0.01). Both MC and PFI were positively correlated with all cognitive functions (rs: 0.145-0.250). Regression analysis showed MC and PFI independently predicted cognitive flexibility (beta_MC = 0.141, p = 0.001; beta_PFI = 0.106, p = 0.015) and inhibitory control (beta_MC = 0.120, p = 0.003; beta_PFI = 0.098, p = 0.025). Only PFI predicted working memory (beta = 0.093, p = 0.035). PFI significantly mediated the relationship between MC and all cognitive functions, acting as a complete mediator for working memory (indirect effect: 46.9%), and a partial mediator for cognitive flexibility (28.7%) and inhibitory control (31.5%). CONCLUSION: The findings support the "Motor Coordination --> Physical Fitness --> Cognitive Function" pathway, highlighting PFI's key mediating role. Integrated early interventions combining motor skill training and fitness enhancement are recommended to synergistically promote cognitive development. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Zhang, Zhao, Chen, Zhang, Wang, Chen, Hu and Zhang. FAU - Zhang, Hejie AU - Zhang H AD - China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China. FAU - Zhao, Deqiang AU - Zhao D AD - China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China. FAU - Chen, Xiaoxiao AU - Chen X AD - School of Physical Education and Sports Rehabilitation, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China. FAU - Zhang, Aoyu AU - Zhang A AD - Tianshi College of Tianjin, School of Medicine, Tianjin, China. FAU - Wang, Chunmiao AU - Wang C AD - China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China. FAU - Chen, Jiaxin AU - Chen J AD - China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China. FAU - Hu, Haixia AU - Hu H AD - Aiyoudong Children and Youth Sports Health Research Institute, Wei fang, Shandong, China. FAU - Zhang, Yanfeng AU - Zhang Y AD - China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260408 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Physical Fitness/physiology MH - *Executive Function/physiology MH - Male MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Cognition/physiology MH - Female MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Motor Skills/physiology MH - Child MH - Cognitive Flexibility MH - *Psychomotor Performance/physiology PMC - PMC13099747 OTO - NOTNLM OT - cognitive function OT - mediation effect OT - motor coordination OT - physical fitness OT - preschool children COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/24 12:20 MHDA- 2026/04/24 12:21 PMCR- 2026/04/08 CRDT- 2026/04/24 04:52 PHST- 2026/01/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/24 12:21 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/24 12:20 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/24 04:52 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1795664 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2026 Apr 8;14:1795664. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1795664. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42027743 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260424 LR - 20260813 IS - 2667-3681 (Electronic) IS - 2667-3681 (Linking) VI - 18 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Association of front-of-package warning label perceptions with Mediterranean diet adherence after bariatric surgery: FOP perceptions and MedDiet adherence post-bariatric surgery. PG - 100266 LID - 10.1016/j.obpill.2026.100266 [doi] LID - 100266 AB - BACKGROUND: Front-of-package (FOP) warning labels are intended to support healthier food choices; however, evidence on how patients perceive these warnings after bariatric surgery and how such perceptions relate to dietary quality is limited. We examined the association between perceptions of FOP warning labels and Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) adherence among adults after bariatric surgery in Lima, Peru. METHODS: This was an observational, analytical, cross-sectional study of 200 adults (18-59 years) attending postoperative follow-up at a private clinic in Lima, Peru. MedDiet adherence was assessed using the KIDMED index (originally developed for children/adolescents and used here as a proxy measure of MedDiet-aligned behaviors), and perceptions/understanding of FOP octagonal warnings were measured using a previously validated Peruvian questionnaire. Associations were evaluated using bivariate analyses and multivariable logistic regression, reporting adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS: In adjusted models, higher self-reported preference for salty foods (aOR = 0.261; 95% CI: 0.136-0.501) and sweet foods (aOR = 0.490; 95% CI: 0.263-0.913) were associated with lower odds of medium/high MedDiet adherence. Greater agreement with the statement "I would follow the octagons, but nobody guides me on how to use them" was associated with higher odds of medium/high MedDiet adherence (aOR = 1.289; 95% CI: 1.002-1.659). CONCLUSION: Among adults after bariatric surgery, taste-preference indicators and perceptions regarding FOP warning labels were independently associated with MedDiet adherence. Given the cross-sectional design, these findings should be interpreted as associations rather than causal relationships and highlight the need to strengthen label literacy during postoperative nutrition education. CI - (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Obesity Medicine Association. FAU - Milian, Sila Maribel Laboriano AU - Milian SML AD - Unidad de Salud Publica, Escuela de Posgrado, Universidad Peruana Union, Lima, Peru. FAU - Ruiz, Lesly Pamela Palomino AU - Ruiz LPP AD - Unidad de Salud Publica, Escuela de Posgrado, Universidad Peruana Union, Lima, Peru. FAU - Morales-Garcia, Wilter C AU - Morales-Garcia WC AD - Direccion General de Investigacion, Universidad Peruana Union, Lima, Peru. FAU - Calizaya-Milla, Yaquelin E AU - Calizaya-Milla YE AD - Research Group for Nutrition and Lifestyle, Escuela de Nutricion Humana, Facultad de ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Peruana Union, Lima, 15, Peru. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260414 PL - United States TA - Obes Pillars JT - Obesity pillars JID - 9918697364706676 PMC - PMC13101637 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bariatric surgery OT - Dietary adherence OT - Front-of-package warning labels OT - Mediterranean diet OT - Obesity COIS- The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/04/24 12:20 MHDA- 2026/04/24 12:21 PMCR- 2026/04/14 CRDT- 2026/04/24 04:50 PHST- 2025/12/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/24 12:21 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/24 12:20 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/24 04:50 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2667-3681(26)00022-7 [pii] AID - 100266 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.obpill.2026.100266 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Obes Pillars. 2026 Apr 14;18:100266. doi: 10.1016/j.obpill.2026.100266. eCollection 2026 Jun. PMID- 42027723 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260424 LR - 20260813 IS - 1178-7007 (Print) IS - 1178-7007 (Electronic) IS - 1178-7007 (Linking) VI - 19 DP - 2026 TI - Vitamin D Metabolite Ratios and Association with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in a Youth Saudi Population. PG - 597635 LID - 10.2147/DMSO.S597635 [doi] LID - 597635 AB - PURPOSE: Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in Saudi Arabia and has been associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The vitamin D metabolite ratio (VMR), defined as the ratio of 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) [24,25(OH)(2)D(3)] to 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) [25(OH)D(3)], may provide a more functional assessment of vitamin D status than total 25(OH)D alone. This study aimed to investigate the associations between vitamin D metabolite ratio and T2DM status in a Saudi youth cohort. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 971 Saudi adolescents (age 14.9 +/- 1.7 years), including 864 normoglycemic individuals, 74 with prediabetes, and 33 with T2DM. Serum vitamin D metabolites [25(OH)D(3), 24,25(OH)(2)D(3), and 25(OH)D(2)] were measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The vitamin D metabolite ratio was calculated, and its association with T2DM was assessed using logistic regression analysis adjusted for age and body mass index (BMI). VMR was analyzed both as a continuous variable and dichotomized at <4% versus >/=4%. The 4% threshold was selected based on preliminary data from adult populations and exploratory analysis of our data distribution, recognizing that this threshold requires validation in adolescent cohorts. RESULTS: Lower VMR (<4%) was associated with higher odds of T2DM (OR: 4.7, 95% CI: 1.1-20.0, p = 0.036), though the wide confidence interval reflects the small T2DM sample size (n=33). Preliminary analysis indicated that VMR may be associated with T2DM in Saudi adolescents, but findings should be interpreted cautiously given the small T2DM sample and cross-sectional design. Larger prospective studies are needed to confirm these preliminary observations. CONCLUSION: A lower vitamin D metabolite ratio is associated with T2DM among Saudi adolescents. VMR may provide complementary information beyond total 25(OH)D; however, formal comparative predictive analyses were not performed, underscoring the importance of proper vitamin D metabolism in glucose homeostasis. However, given the cross-sectional design and small T2DM sample size, these findings are preliminary and require validation in larger prospective studies. CI - (c) 2026 Yakout et al. FAU - Yakout, Sobhy M AU - Yakout SM AD - Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Hussain, Syed D AU - Hussain SD AD - Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alnaami, Abdullah M AU - Alnaami AM AD - Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Al-Daghri, Nasser M AU - Al-Daghri NM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5472-1725 AD - Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260418 PL - New Zealand TA - Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes JT - Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy JID - 101515585 PMC - PMC13101821 OTO - NOTNLM OT - LC-MS/MS OT - glucose dysregulation OT - impaired fasting glucose OT - vitamin D hydroxylation OT - vitamin D metabolism OT - youth population COIS- The author(s) report no conflicts of interest in this work. EDAT- 2026/04/24 12:20 MHDA- 2026/04/24 12:21 PMCR- 2026/04/18 CRDT- 2026/04/24 04:49 PHST- 2026/01/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/24 12:21 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/24 12:20 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/24 04:49 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 597635 [pii] AID - 10.2147/DMSO.S597635 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2026 Apr 18;19:597635. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S597635. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42027561 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260424 LR - 20260921 IS - 2296-861X (Print) IS - 2296-861X (Electronic) IS - 2296-861X (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2026 TI - Reducing relapse in children after recovery from severe acute malnutrition in Mali: participatory development of a theory of change for post-treatment monitoring including SQ-LNS supplementation. PG - 1765714 LID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1765714 [doi] LID - 1765714 AB - INTRODUCTION: Up to 76% of children treated for acute malnutrition relapse within 6 months from discharge. Despite its known negative impact on children's health and the drain on health system's scarce resources, few studies have explored ways to reduce relapse. In order to design an intervention that can work, there is a need to thoroughly understand the drivers of relapse in a context. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to develop a robust theory of change (ToC) for how relapse can be reduced in Mali and propose an intervention package that is feasible for the health system to adopt with minimal external support. METHODS: We applied a four-step approach to develop the ToC including: (1) An evidence review of potential drivers of malnutrition and relapse locally, based on surveys, gray literature and scientific articles, (2) Schematization of the most important immediate and underlying causes of relapse based on step 1 in a problem tree style and development of a ToC for a program that aims to address the causes, (3) Validation of the ToC with local stakeholders, and (4) Identification of facilitators, barriers and assumptions. Most work was done through on-line workshops including participants from local Ministry of Health (MoH), a local university (USTTB) and both global and local IRC nutrition staff. One in-person workshop was organized with local stakeholders from technical partners and different levels of local health authorities to finalize the ToC. RESULTS: Three direct causes of relapse were identified: (1) Inadequate initial treatment, (2) Inadequate dietary intake post-discharge, and (3) Frequent illness episodes combined with inadequate treatment seeking. To reduce relapse post-treatment, three aims were identified: (1) Improving initial acute malnutrition treatment, (2) Improving nutritional intake after discharge, (3) Decreasing incidence of illness and increasing use of health services. The proposed intervention was built around a program for the post-treatment monitoring of children at the treatment sites including health checks and the provision of small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements for children. Inputs included initial and on-going training, supplies and equipment, and supervision and coordination. CONCLUSION: The development of a comprehensive ToC to prevent relapse allowed us to design an intervention that tackles the key perceived and evidenced drivers of relapse in the context. This ToC will underpin a process evaluation that will need to accompany an impact evaluation to determine if and how the intervention reduces relapse. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Kangas, Coulibaly, Diassana, Traore, Haidara, Cichon, Kodish and Heymsfield. FAU - Kangas, Suvi T AU - Kangas ST AD - International Rescue Committee, Brussels, Belgium. FAU - Coulibaly, Issa Niamanto AU - Coulibaly IN AD - International Rescue Committee, Bamako, Mali. FAU - Diassana, Koniba AU - Diassana K AD - International Rescue Committee, Bamako, Mali. FAU - Traore, Mamadou Zie AU - Traore MZ AD - International Rescue Committee, Bamako, Mali. FAU - Haidara, Alhousseyni AU - Haidara A AD - International Rescue Committee, Bamako, Mali. FAU - Cichon, Bernardette AU - Cichon B AD - International Rescue Committee, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Kodish, Stephen R AU - Kodish SR AD - Pennsylvanla State University, University Park, PA, United States. FAU - Heymsfield, Grace AU - Heymsfield G AD - International Rescue Committee, New York, NY, United States. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260408 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Nutr JT - Frontiers in nutrition JID - 101642264 EIN - Front Nutr. 2026 May 12;13:1863256. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1863256. PMID: 42206088 PMC - PMC13099773 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Mali OT - SQ-LNS small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements OT - acute malnutrition OT - relapse OT - severe acute malnutrition (SAM) OT - theory of change (ToC) COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/24 12:20 MHDA- 2026/04/24 12:21 PMCR- 2026/04/08 CRDT- 2026/04/24 04:47 PHST- 2025/12/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/24 12:21 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/24 12:20 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/24 04:47 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1765714 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Nutr. 2026 Apr 8;13:1765714. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1765714. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42026796 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261012 LR - 20261012 IS - 2977-0262 (Electronic) IS - 2977-0254 (Linking) VI - 22 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Oct 13 TI - Rugby as a health and well-being intervention for young people in custody: reflections from a German youth correctional facility (JA Hameln). PG - 429-438 LID - 10.1108/IJOPH-01-2026-0008 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: This study aims to examine a rugby-based health and well-being intervention for young men in custody in a German youth correctional facility in Hameln (JA Hameln), with particular attention to feasibility, psychosocial well-being, emotional regulation and social cohesion. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: The study reports on two implementation cycles of the same programme model conducted in 2024 and 2025 at JA Hameln. Each cycle consisted of two 90-min sessions per week delivered by trauma-informed coaches (Cycle 1:6 weeks and Cycle 2:8 weeks). Qualitative evidence was derived from coach field notes, weekly staff reflections and informal participant feedback. Because this was a practice-based service evaluation rather than a controlled outcome study, findings are presented as perceived and observed changes rather than isolated causal effects. FINDINGS: Participants and staff described the programme as feasible and acceptable within the custodial setting. They reported emotional relief, improved mood, stronger cooperation and greater trust within the intervention group. Staff also noted a calmer group climate and fewer behavioural incidents during intervention periods. Rugby appeared to function not only as a physical activity but also as a structured pedagogical medium through which rules, contact, responsibility and cooperation could be rehearsed. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Rugby may function as a transferable sport-based health-promotion tool in custodial settings when it is embedded in institutional routines, delivered by appropriately trained staff and adapted to local safety and cultural conditions. ORIGINALITY/VALUE: To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is one of the first published practice reports of a structured rugby-based intervention in a German youth correctional facility. The study extends predominantly UK-based prison-sport literature by discussing rugby within a lower-familiarity German context and by linking practical delivery to prison health, salutogenic and trauma-informed perspectives. CI - (c) 2026 Emerald Publishing Limited. FAU - Wittke, Torge-Christian AU - Wittke TC AD - Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany, and School of Sport, Nutrition and Allied Health Professions, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Int J Prison Health (2024) JT - International journal of prison health JID - 9918769578406676 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Germany MH - Adolescent MH - Psychological Well-Being MH - *Prisons/organization & administration MH - *Correctional Facilities MH - *Prisoners/psychology MH - Health Services for Prisoners MH - *Football/psychology MH - Young Adult MH - *Health Promotion/organization & administration/methods MH - Correctional Facilities Personnel OTO - NOTNLM OT - Prison health OT - Rehabilitation OT - Rugby OT - Sport-based intervention OT - Trauma-informed practice OT - Youth justice EDAT- 2026/04/24 06:33 MHDA- 2026/10/12 11:41 CRDT- 2026/04/24 00:43 PHST- 2026/01/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/12 11:41 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/24 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/24 00:43 [entrez] AID - 1361670 [pii] AID - 10.1108/IJOPH-01-2026-0008 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Prison Health (2024). 2026 Oct 13;22(3):429-438. doi: 10.1108/IJOPH-01-2026-0008. PMID- 42024977 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260715 IS - 1872-6283 (Electronic) IS - 0379-0738 (Linking) VI - 385 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Bias-reduced dental age estimation in children: Machine-learning evaluation and a novel constrained random forest adaptation of the Cameriere method. PG - 112979 LID - S0379-0738(26)00166-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.forsciint.2026.112979 [doi] AB - Dental age estimation plays a critical role in clinical and forensic applications. Because teeth are highly resistant to environmental degradation, dental-based methods remain valuable when skeletal structures deteriorate. Although integrating ML algorithms into traditional age estimation techniques has improved accuracy, classical linear regression and commonly used ML regressors often exhibit systematic bias, a phenomenon not sufficiently examined in dental age estimation. This study compared the performance of the Cameriere method and frequently used ML algorithms in Turkish children and introduced a modified Random Forest approach designed to reduce systematic bias. A total of 1190 orthopantomographs from children aged 5-15 years (593 girls, 597 boys) were evaluated. Linear Regression, Decision Tree, Random Forest, Support Vector Regression, Multilayer Perceptron, Gradient Boosting, and Extreme Gradient Boosting were compared with the Cameriere formula and the proposed modified Random Forest models. Performance was assessed using Mean Absolute Error, Root Mean Squared Error, the slope of residuals relative to chronological age, and age-group-specific error distributions. All ML methods showed higher accuracy than the Cameriere formula, with similar performance levels across ML models. The modified Random Forest models achieved the lowest Mean Absolute Error values (0.583-0.585 years). Classical ML models displayed significant systematic bias, whereas this pattern was not observed in the modified approaches.These findings indicate that, in age estimation research, evaluating error distribution alongside overall accuracy is of critical forensic importance. Future studies should focus on developing methods that further improve accuracy while rigorously minimizing systematic bias. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Parlak, Muhammed Emin AU - Parlak ME AD - Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University, Nigde, Turkiye. Electronic address: eminparlak@ohu.edu.tr. FAU - Gumusboga, Zekiye Seyma AU - Gumusboga ZS AD - Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkiye. Electronic address: zekiye.gumusboga@inonu.edu.tr. FAU - Gumusboga, Erkal AU - Gumusboga E AD - Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkiye. Electronic address: erkal.gumusboga@inonu.edu.tr. FAU - Yilmaz, Mesut AU - Yilmaz M AD - Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkiye. Electronic address: mesut.yilmaz@inonu.edu.tr. FAU - Aydan, Tuba AU - Aydan T AD - Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Bingol University, Bingol, Turkiye. Electronic address: taydan@bingol.edu.tr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260420 PL - Ireland TA - Forensic Sci Int JT - Forensic science international JID - 7902034 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Age Determination by Teeth/methods MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Random Forest MH - Female MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - Boosting Machine Learning Algorithms MH - Linear Models MH - Radiography, Panoramic MH - Decision Trees MH - *Machine Learning MH - Turkey MH - Support Vector Machine MH - Algorithms MH - Multilayer Perceptrons MH - Forensic Dentistry/methods MH - Prediction Algorithms OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cameriere OT - Dental age OT - Forensic anthropology OT - Machine learning OT - Systematic bias COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/04/24 00:32 MHDA- 2026/05/27 00:30 CRDT- 2026/04/23 18:04 PHST- 2025/12/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/01/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/27 00:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/24 00:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/23 18:04 [entrez] AID - S0379-0738(26)00166-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.forsciint.2026.112979 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Forensic Sci Int. 2026 Aug;385:112979. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2026.112979. Epub 2026 Apr 20. PMID- 42023625 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260813 IS - 2083-8441 (Electronic) IS - 2081-237X (Print) IS - 2083-8441 (Linking) VI - 32 IP - 1 DP - 2026 TI - Determination of a higher hypoglycemic threshold in the insulin tolerance test for children with short stature. PG - 26-31 LID - 57629 [pii] LID - 10.5114/pedm.2026.159674 [doi] AB - The insulin tolerance test (ITT) is the most reliable method for diagnosing growth hormone deficiency (GHD). Our study aimed to determine a new glycemic threshold that allows for an adequate growth hormone (GH) response without increasing the risk of deleterious outcomes. This study was conducted retrospectively on children who were suspected of GHD. There were two groups of children: group 1 (G1) consisted of children who underwent an ITT and reached a hypoglycemic level of 2.2 mmol/l, and group 2 (G2) included those who did not reach biochemical hypoglycemia but exhibited clinical hypoglycemic symptoms, which led to cessation of the test. Our population consisted of 129 patients. The mean nadir blood glucose level was 1.798 +/-0.25 mmol/l in G1, significantly lower than in G2, at 2.57 +/-0.28 mmol/l (p < 10-3). GH in G1 reached a mean peak of 4.71 +/-3.20 ng/ml, significantly lower than in G2 (8.56 +/-5.99 ng/ml) (p = 0.01). Among G1, 86% of the patients presented a GHD, compared to 55.6% in G2. The proportion of somatotrophic deficiency was significantly higher in G1 compared to G2 (p = 0.01). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed a threshold of 2.44 mmol/l with a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 60% (area under the curve = 0.915; confidence interval 95% (0.87-0.96). Based on our findings, we recommend implementing this new threshold when hypoglycemic symptoms are present. This higher threshold offers several benefits, including reduced risk to patients, while maintaining accurate interpretation of the test with good sensitivity and specificity. FAU - Taieb, Ach AU - Taieb A AD - Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Farhat Hached, Sousse, Tunisia. AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Sousse, Tunisia. AD - Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Pathophysiology (LR19ES09), Sousse, Tunisia. FAU - Maissa, Omrani AU - Maissa O AD - Department of Hospital Hygiene, University Hospital of Farhat Hached, Sousse, Tunisia. FAU - Asma, Ammar AU - Asma A AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Sousse, Tunisia. AD - Department of Hospital Hygiene, University Hospital of Farhat Hached, Sousse, Tunisia. FAU - Haj Slama, Nassim Ben AU - Haj Slama NB AD - Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Farhat Hached, Sousse, Tunisia. AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Sousse, Tunisia. FAU - Ghachem, Aycha AU - Ghachem A AD - Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Farhat Hached, Sousse, Tunisia. AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Sousse, Tunisia. FAU - Imen, Halloul AU - Imen H AD - Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Farhat Hached, Sousse, Tunisia. AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Sousse, Tunisia. FAU - Wiem, Saafi AU - Wiem S AD - Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Farhat Hached, Sousse, Tunisia. AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Sousse, Tunisia. FAU - Hamza, ElFekih AU - Hamza E AD - Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Farhat Hached, Sousse, Tunisia. AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Sousse, Tunisia. FAU - Ghada, Saad AU - Ghada S AD - Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Farhat Hached, Sousse, Tunisia. AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Sousse, Tunisia. FAU - Hasni, Yosra AU - Hasni Y AD - Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Farhat Hached, Sousse, Tunisia. AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Sousse, Tunisia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article TT - Okreslenie wyzszego progu hipoglikemii w tescie tolerancji insuliny u dzieci z niskim wzrostem. PL - Poland TA - Pediatr Endocrinol Diabetes Metab JT - Pediatric endocrinology, diabetes, and metabolism JID - 101518750 RN - 0 (Blood Glucose) RN - 0 (Insulin) RN - 12629-01-5 (Human Growth Hormone) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Male MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Child MH - *Hypoglycemia/diagnosis/blood MH - *Blood Glucose/analysis MH - *Insulin/administration & dosage MH - *Human Growth Hormone/deficiency MH - Adolescent MH - *Growth Disorders/diagnosis/blood MH - Sensitivity and Specificity PMC - PMC13153761 OTO - NOTNLM OT - GH deficiency. OT - growth hormone OT - hypoglycemia OT - short stature OT - insulin tolerance test COIS- None declared. EDAT- 2026/04/23 12:52 MHDA- 2026/04/23 12:53 PMCR- 2026/03/01 CRDT- 2026/04/23 06:57 PHST- 2026/04/23 12:53 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/23 12:52 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/23 06:57 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 57629 [pii] AID - 10.5114/pedm.2026.159674 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pediatr Endocrinol Diabetes Metab. 2026;32(1):26-31. doi: 10.5114/pedm.2026.159674. PMID- 42023462 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260826 IS - 1578-2735 (Electronic) IS - 1139-9287 (Print) IS - 1139-9287 (Linking) VI - 54 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Apr 15 TI - Impact of the Interaction Between Screen Time and Activity Interests on Adolescent Depression Risk: Construction of a Predictive Model Based on Machine Learning. PG - 500-515 LID - 10.62641/aep.v54i2.2068 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Adolescent depression is an increasing public health concern, with excessive screen time elevating depression risk and activity interests providing protection. However, most studies examine these behaviors separately and rely on limited analytical methods. This study used machine learning (ML) to develop a predictive model and evaluate the combined influence of screen time and activity interests on adolescent mental health. METHODS: A multi-center survey was conducted among adolescents aged 10-14 years in Chongchuan District, Nantong. Depression-related domains were assessed using the Child and Adolescent Mental Health Screening Questionnaire, integrating seven validated scales. A twostage feature-selection strategy identified 11 key predictors. Three ML models (logistic regression [LR], extreme gradient boosting [XGBoost], and categorical boosting [CatBoost]) were trained with an 80:20 stratified split. Class imbalance was addressed using synthetic minority oversampling technique and class-weighting. Model performance and interpretability were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and calibration curves, partial dependence plots, and shapley additive explanations (SHAP) analyses. RESULTS: A total of 2202 valid questionnaires were analyzed. The distribution of depression severity was as follows: safe 59%, mild 17%, moderate 11%, and severe 13%. The integrated questionnaire demonstrated strong reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.910) and good construct validity (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin [KMO] = 0.91; root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.049; and comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.859). ROC-Youden analysis confirmed expert-defined cutoffs (29, 32, and 35). Feature selection identified 11 key predictors, with activity interest and psychological functioning consistently ranking highest in importance. Across the three ML models, LR exhibited the best generalizability, XGBoost showed overfitting, and CatBoost achieved balanced performance. SHAP and partial dependence analyses revealed nonlinear screen-time effects and dose-dependent protective effects of activity interest, including the moderation of high screen exposure in severe-risk groups. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that ML models can be used to screen adolescents at risk of depression by capturing the combined influence of screen time and activity interests. The model is intended for screening rather than diagnosis and may support school-based early identification, and further validation in clinical contexts is needed. FAU - Mao, Leiming AU - Mao L AD - Nantong Mental Health Center, 226001 Nantong, Jiangsu, China. FAU - He, Ruiqi AU - He R AD - Department of Medical Informatics, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 226001 Nantong, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Zhang, Shike AU - Zhang S AD - Department of Medical Informatics, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 226001 Nantong, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Ge, Yongqian AU - Ge Y AD - Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 226001 Nantong, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Xu, Entong AU - Xu E AD - Department of Medical Informatics, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 226001 Nantong, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Chen, Yalan AU - Chen Y AD - Department of Medical Informatics, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 226001 Nantong, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Cong, Gujun AU - Cong G AD - Nantong Mental Health Center, 226001 Nantong, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Miao, Haiyan AU - Miao H AD - Nantong Mental Health Center, 226001 Nantong, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Jiang, Yunjie AU - Jiang Y AD - Nantong Mental Health Center, 226001 Nantong, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Zhu, Haijiao AU - Zhu H AD - Nantong Mental Health Center, 226001 Nantong, Jiangsu, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study DEP - 20260415 PL - Spain TA - Actas Esp Psiquiatr JT - Actas espanolas de psiquiatria JID - 100886502 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Predictive Learning Models MH - Adolescent MH - *Depression/epidemiology/etiology/diagnosis MH - *Screen Time MH - Female MH - Child MH - Male MH - *Machine Learning MH - Boosting Machine Learning Algorithms MH - Prediction Algorithms PMC - PMC13180681 COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/23 06:31 MHDA- 2026/04/23 06:32 PMCR- 2026/04/15 CRDT- 2026/04/23 05:32 PHST- 2026/04/23 06:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/23 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/23 05:32 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.62641/aep.v54i2.2068 [pii] AID - 10.62641/aep.v54i2.2068 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Actas Esp Psiquiatr. 2026 Apr 15;54(2):500-515. doi: 10.62641/aep.v54i2.2068. PMID- 42022718 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260423 LR - 20260813 IS - 2168-8184 (Print) IS - 2168-8184 (Electronic) IS - 2168-8184 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Mar TI - Tackling Obesity: A Qualitative Exploration of a Whole School Food Policy Guideline. PG - e105629 LID - 10.7759/cureus.105629 [doi] LID - e105629 AB - Introduction Childhood obesity is an ever-increasing public health concern in England. Schools offer a unique opportunity to influence childhood obesity. Children spend a significant proportion of their time at school, and there is an opportunity to equip them with lifelong knowledge and skills whilst they are highly influenced by their environment. This Whole School Food Policy Guideline was designed to help schools make whole system changes to their culture and ethos, promoting healthier eating and life choices for their pupils. This project disseminated the guidelines to all schools in the London Borough of Haringey through the local authority's Public Health team, and its impact was explored. The aim of this project was to develop a cost-effective resource, the Whole School Food Policy Guideline, to assist schools in creating environments that promote healthy life choices. Methods Development involved collaboration with local dietitians, teachers and chefs to combine ideas and resources surrounding healthy school food policies. Draft guidelines were reviewed by all contributors. Once finalised, guidelines were printed into booklets and sent to all Haringey schools in February 2020. Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted in April 2020 with "Healthy School Leads (HSL)" from three local schools: one primary, one secondary and one special educational needs (SEN) school. The aim was to assess initial impressions of the guideline and its perceived usefulness. The data were thematically analysed, and the resulting themes were validated by both researchers. Results Five main themes emerged during analysis, labelled: "utility", "facilitators", "barriers", "special schools" and "guideline improvements and other resources". The guideline was reported as a useful resource with appropriate suggestions for change. This included being adaptable to the needs of the children with SEN. It was particularly valued as a council-produced document, adding a layer of support when implementing change. Resistance to change from parents, children and staff was reported as a previously encountered barrier to healthy change, and the guidelines' informative tone and authority from professionals were useful to address this. The packed lunch guide was well-received by all interviewees, directly addressing their concerns about the quality of food brought from home. The only implemented change at the point of data collection was that this guide had been sent by one school to parents via email. A common view was the feasibility of the recommended water-only policy. All schools mentioned this initiative; one interviewee felt their existing water-only policy needed to be "tightened up", and both other schools considered introducing this idea. It was found that water-only policies are an easily accepted change in comparison to the emotive and controversial nature of food-based policies, suggesting this change would be easily established. Conclusion The guideline fills a gap in supporting schools implementing changes as a Whole School Approach to improve students' health. Its potential impact depends on integration within current practice. The findings from this study suggest that future efforts should focus on water-only policies, working collaboratively with parents and continuing to engage passionate staff who drive positive, meaningful change within their school. CI - Copyright (c) 2026, Kerins et al. FAU - Kerins, Eve AU - Kerins E AD - Paediatrics and Child Health, University College London, London, GBR. AD - Haematology, Guy's Hospital, London, GBR. FAU - Opstad, Hannah AU - Opstad H AD - Paediatrics, Haringey Council, London, GBR. AD - Paediatrics, St George's Hospital, London, GBR. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260321 PL - United States TA - Cureus JT - Cureus JID - 101596737 PMC - PMC13096704 OTO - NOTNLM OT - childhood obesity OT - children OT - children nutrition OT - food policy guidelines OT - healthy eating OT - local council OT - obesity and overweight OT - schools OT - water-only schools OT - whole school approach COIS- Human subjects: Informed consent for treatment and open access publication was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. UCL Research Ethics Committee issued approval 17211/001. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: Haringey Council contributed ~ pound200 for the printing of the guidelines. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work. EDAT- 2026/04/23 12:36 MHDA- 2026/04/23 12:37 PMCR- 2026/03/21 CRDT- 2026/04/23 05:13 PHST- 2026/03/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/23 12:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/23 12:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/23 05:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.7759/cureus.105629 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cureus. 2026 Mar 21;18(3):e105629. doi: 10.7759/cureus.105629. eCollection 2026 Mar. PMID- 42022686 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260423 LR - 20260813 IS - 2398-8835 (Electronic) IS - 2398-8835 (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Mar TI - Critical Evaluation of the Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Child Health and Wellbeing and Suggested Preparedness for Future Pandemics-A Narrative Review. PG - e72073 LID - 10.1002/hsr2.72073 [doi] LID - e72073 AB - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The immediate and long-term effects of COVID-19 pandemic on the children go beyond just being a viral infection. A child's mental health and psychological issues like irritability, anxiety, sadness, non-attentiveness, attention deficit and hyperactive disorder needed evaluation. Based on these study queries, an investigation was carried out to correlate the psychological state and the emergency measures in children with respect to the health and wellbeing outcomes. METHODS: A web-search across scientific databases like the Web of Science, Scopus and PubMed was undertaken for a situational review through available literature, and derive credible solutions. This narrative review included peer-reviewed articles published between January 2020 and February 2026 in English language, focusing on children wellbeing in wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. After analysing the authenticity and relevance of the literature, 158 articles/data were shortlisted for further analyses. The data were qualitatively validated, synthesised into discrete sections and interpreted in the context of the objective of the study. RESULT: Children particularly in low-economy families were likely to experience violence and abuse if they stayed for long in high-risk settings like refugee settlements for internally displaced community. On the contrary, the children of high-economy families had weight gain issues owing to erratic consumption patterns of high-calorie food (like dairy products and sugar-rich packaged snacks) coupled with restricted or limited physical activities. Their dietary patterns and unhealthy eating habits needed monitoring and restrictions to curb obesity risk in the long run. Elevated stress, anxiety and depression levels in a child may result in cognitive impairment. The possibilities of their getting addicted, developing insomnia and acquiring non-communicable illnesses were aspects to consider. Preventive measures like social distancing, lockdowns and shutdowns and mass vaccination drives had wider and critical long-term impact on the young and adolescent. Formulating workable modalities to identify critical influencing factors of a pandemic and assess the impact on the children and beyond is essential for foolproof solutions to combat future occurrences. CONCLUSION: Identifying the associated risk factors and correlating the emergency measures and psychological health seem essential. The supply of quality food seamlessly to the affected communities and the provision of protective gears for the healthcare workers could help keep the children well-fed and relaxed while ensuring the wellbeing of healthcare workers. Maternal and infant care, child-health services, and life-saving medicines and vaccines would also help ease the pressure. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Health Science Reports published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Mohapatra, Ranjan K AU - Mohapatra RK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7623-3343 AD - Department of Chemistry Government College of Engineering Keonjhar Odisha India. FAU - Sarangi, Ashish K AU - Sarangi AK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5602-4736 AD - Department of Chemistry, School of Applied Sciences Centurion University of Technology and Management R. Sitapur India. FAU - Pattnaik, Gurudutta AU - Pattnaik G AD - School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences Centurion University of Technology and Management R. Sitapur India. FAU - Singh, Puneet K AU - Singh PK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1424-7648 AD - School of Biotechnology, Campus-11 KIIT Deemed-to-be-University Bhubaneswar Odisha India. FAU - Dash, Rasmita AU - Dash R AD - School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences Centurion University of Technology and Management R. Sitapur India. FAU - Kandi, Venkataramana AU - Kandi V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7197-0448 AD - Department of Microbiology Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences Karimnagar Telangana India. FAU - Kutikuppala, L V Simhachalam AU - Kutikuppala LVS AD - Department of General Surgery Dr NTR University of Health Sciences Vijayawada Andhra Pradesh India. FAU - Sahoo, Rudra Narayan AU - Sahoo RN AD - School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Siksha O Anusandhan (Deemed to be University) Bhubaneswar Odisha India. FAU - Mishra, Snehasish AU - Mishra S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-2139-0075 AD - School of Biotechnology, Campus-11 KIIT Deemed-to-be-University Bhubaneswar Odisha India. FAU - Mishra, Anita AU - Mishra A AD - QA Lead India RASA AI, ChatOwl Inc. 201 Spear Street, Suite 1100 San Francisco California USA. FAU - Nasker, Sourya Subhra AU - Nasker SS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5020-5595 AD - School of Biotechnology, Campus-11 KIIT Deemed-to-be-University Bhubaneswar Odisha India. FAU - Nayak, Sasmita AU - Nayak S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8663-5802 AD - School of Biotechnology, Campus-11 KIIT Deemed-to-be-University Bhubaneswar Odisha India. FAU - Alrasheed, Hayam A AU - Alrasheed HA AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-6186-848X AD - Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University Riyadh Saudi Arabia. FAU - Kaabi, Nawal A Al AU - Kaabi NAA AD - College of Medicine and Health Science Khalifa University Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates. AD - Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi Health Services Company (SEHA) Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates. FAU - Alshengeti, Amer AU - Alshengeti A AD - Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine Taibah University Al-Madinah Saudi Arabia. AD - Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Prince Mohammad Bin Abdulaziz Hospital National Guard Health Affairs Al-Madinah Saudi Arabia. FAU - Abdulkhaliq, Altaf A AU - Abdulkhaliq AA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8148-1103 AD - Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Umm Al-Qura University Makkah Saudi Arabia. FAU - Rabaan, Ali A AU - Rabaan AA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6774-9847 AD - Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare Dhahran Saudi Arabia. AD - College of Medicine Alfaisal University Riyadh Saudi Arabia. AD - Department of Public Health and Nutrition The University of Haripur Haripur Pakistan. FAU - Al-Subaie, Maha F AU - Al-Subaie MF AD - College of Medicine Alfaisal University Riyadh Saudi Arabia. AD - Research Center, Dr. Sulaiman Alhabib Medical Group Riyadh Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alhumaid, Saad AU - Alhumaid S AD - School of Pharmacy University of Tasmania Hobart Australia. FAU - Dhama, Kuldeep AU - Dhama K AD - Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute Bareilly Uttar Pradesh India. FAU - Kudrat-E-Zahan, Md AU - Kudrat-E-Zahan M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8159-5293 AD - Department of Chemistry Rajshahi University Rajshahi Bangladesh. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260317 PL - United States TA - Health Sci Rep JT - Health science reports JID - 101728855 PMC - PMC13098172 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - COVID-associated complication OT - child nutrition OT - children OT - mental health OT - yoga COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/23 06:32 MHDA- 2026/04/23 06:33 PMCR- 2026/03/17 CRDT- 2026/04/23 05:13 PHST- 2024/09/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/23 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/23 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/23 05:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - HSR272073 [pii] AID - 10.1002/hsr2.72073 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Health Sci Rep. 2026 Mar 17;9(3):e72073. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.72073. eCollection 2026 Mar. PMID- 42022549 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260423 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-861X (Print) IS - 2296-861X (Electronic) IS - 2296-861X (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2026 TI - Can ethical artificial intelligence aid infant and young child feeding support during conflict? A review of the experience and lessons learned from FHI 360's in Ukraine. PG - 1745609 LID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1745609 [doi] LID - 1745609 AB - BACKGROUND: The war in Ukraine has disrupted access to maternal and infant nutrition services, intensified commercial milk formula marketing risks, and increased demand for accessible, evidence-based breastfeeding support. To respond, FHI 360 and UNICEF Ukraine deployed Harmony of Parenthood, a closed-domain, ethically governed Artificial Intelligence (AI)-enabled breastfeeding and Infant and Young Child Feeding in Emergencies (IYCF-E) support system, integrated with facility-based counseling and a national mentorship programme for lactation counselors. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, safety, acceptability, and operational contribution of an AI-enabled hybrid counseling model to continuity and quality of Infant and Young Child Feeding in Emergencies services during protracted conflict, including its integration with facility-based counseling and mentorship systems and its potential influence on caregiver feeding practices and counseling quality. METHODS: A convergent mixed-methods approach triangulated: (1) chatbot analytics (user characteristics, interaction volume, response quality); (2) facility counseling data from four conflict-affected oblasts; (3) structured competency assessments following >600 mentorship visits; and (4) qualitative feedback from caregivers and health workers. Governance, safety, and Code-compliance safeguards were assessed against the World Health Organization (WHO) AI ethics guidance, the Operational Guidance on Infant and Young Child Feeding in Emergencies (OG-IFE), and Ukraine's breastfeeding policies. RESULTS: Between November 2024 and October 2025, 2,066 caregivers generated more than 38,000 chatbot interactions. Ninety-eight percent of answers met accuracy and safety criteria; one hallucination event was detected and corrected through real-time review. Caregivers used the system predominantly during periods of insecurity or when services were inaccessible, valuing its 24-h availability, emotional reassurance, and escalation to human counselors. In parallel, facility data showed improved quality of counseling, strengthened referral pathways, and increases in early initiation and exclusive breastfeeding among women receiving repeated support. Mentorship visits demonstrated competency gains among lactation counselors, enhanced adherence to the Code, and more consistent use of MoH-aligned counseling tools. CONCLUSION: An AI-enabled, human-supervised hybrid model is feasible, acceptable, and safe for sustaining breastfeeding and IYCF-E support during active conflict. When anchored in authoritative guidance and embedded within national systems, AI tools can complement skilled counselors, strengthen continuity of care, and uphold Code-compliant, evidence-based support for mothers and infants. To our knowledge, this is the first documented evaluation of an AI-enabled IYCF-E intervention implemented during an active conflict. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Iellamo, Rozhenko, Strelchenko-Yankovska, Kalashnyk, Burta, Ekwuluo, Hryshyna, Firsova and Sheremet. FAU - Iellamo, Alessandro AU - Iellamo A AD - FHI 360, Crisis Response and Resilience, Washington, DC, United States. FAU - Rozhenko, Olena AU - Rozhenko O AD - FHI 360 Nutrition, Crisis Response and Resilience Department, Dnipro, Ukraine. FAU - Strelchenko-Yankovska, Yuliia AU - Strelchenko-Yankovska Y AD - FHI 360 Nutrition, Crisis Response and Resilience Department, Dnipro, Ukraine. FAU - Kalashnyk, Nataliia AU - Kalashnyk N AD - FHI 360 Nutrition, Crisis Response and Resilience Department, Dnipro, Ukraine. FAU - Burta, Inna AU - Burta I AD - FHI 360 Nutrition, Crisis Response and Resilience Department, Dnipro, Ukraine. FAU - Ekwuluo, Celestine AU - Ekwuluo C AD - FHI 360 Nutrition, Crisis Response and Resilience Department, Dnipro, Ukraine. FAU - Hryshyna, Yelyzaveta AU - Hryshyna Y AD - FHI 360 Nutrition, Crisis Response and Resilience Department, Dnipro, Ukraine. FAU - Firsova, Oleksandra AU - Firsova O AD - FHI 360 Nutrition, Crisis Response and Resilience Department, Dnipro, Ukraine. FAU - Sheremet, Vitalii AU - Sheremet V AD - FHI 360 Nutrition, Crisis Response and Resilience Department, Dnipro, Ukraine. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260331 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Nutr JT - Frontiers in nutrition JID - 101642264 PMC - PMC13097993 OTO - NOTNLM OT - artificial intelligence for health and nutrition OT - breastfeeding counseling OT - breastfeeding in emergencies OT - breastfeeding support OT - complementary feeding in emergencies OT - conflict-affected health and nutrition services OT - digital humanitarian assistance OT - infant and young child feeding in emergencies COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/23 06:32 MHDA- 2026/04/23 06:33 PMCR- 2026/03/31 CRDT- 2026/04/23 05:12 PHST- 2025/11/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/23 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/23 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/23 05:12 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1745609 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Nutr. 2026 Mar 31;13:1745609. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1745609. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42021432 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260715 IS - 1999-6217 (Electronic) IS - 1727-5482 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Mar 24 TI - Knowledge And Attitudes Regarding Infant Feeding and Immunization among Pregnant Women Visiting Antenatal Clinics. PG - 619-625 LID - 10.33314/jnhrc.v23i04.4646 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Deficits in maternal knowledge and perceptions can lead to suboptimal infant feeding and incomplete immunization, impacting child health. Given a lack of recent data in culturally diverse Eastern Kathmandu, this study explores pregnant women's knowledge and attitudes regarding infant feeding and immunization. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among pregnant women at antenatal clinics in Eastern Kathmandu (Feb-Mar 2025). Data were collected via a validated, self-administered questionnaire after informed consent. Multivariable logistic regression identified predictors of knowledge and attitudes on infant feeding and immunization. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS: A total of 371 pregnant women participated. There was high knowledge gap in infant feeding practice 208 (56.1%) and high knowledge in immunization 277 (74.7%). Positive attitudes were observed in 341 (93.2%) intending to exclusively breastfeed and 369 (98.4%) believing immunization is safe. Lower knowledge was linked to younger age (<21 years; AOR 0.27, 95% CI 0.07-0.78) and lack of formal education (AOR 0.22, 95% CI 0.03-0.97 for feeding; AOR 0.11, 95% CI 0.03-0.39 for immunization). Positive attitudes were more common among homemakers (AOR 4.86, 95% CI 2.44-9.93) and women with higher parity (AOR 6.14, 95% CI 2.60-15.61 for third or higher). CONCLUSIONS: The study reveals a significant gap in knowledge regarding infant feeding practices, especially among younger and less educated pregnant women in Eastern Kathmandu. Although attitudes are positive, targeted interventions are needed to address knowledge gaps, especially regarding exclusive breastfeeding. FAU - Adhikari, Santosh AU - Adhikari S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4345-6131 AD - Shankarapur Hospital Pvt. Ltd, Kathmandu, Nepal. FAU - Bhattarai, Tribhuwan AU - Bhattarai T AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-1732-2084 AD - Province Hospital, Karnali Province, Surkhet. FAU - Karki, Prakriti AU - Karki P AD - 1Shankarapur Hospital Pvt. Ltd, Kathmandu, Nepal. FAU - Kunwar, Kshitij AU - Kunwar K AD - Research and Innovation Foundation Nepal. FAU - Dhakal, Ramesh AU - Dhakal R AD - Shankarapur Hospital Pvt. Ltd, Kathmandu, Nepal. FAU - Bhatta, Lok Raj AU - Bhatta LR AD - Epidemiology and Disease Control Divison, Kathmandu. FAU - Rimal, Sabin AU - Rimal S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1223-2063 AD - Kanti Childrens Hospital, Kathmandu. FAU - Gaire, Manisha AU - Gaire M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-6437-790X AD - Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur. FAU - Nepal, Raj Kumar AU - Nepal RK AD - District Hospital, Shankhuwasabha. FAU - Bhattarai, Srijana AU - Bhattarai S AD - Research and Innovation Foundation Nepal. FAU - Suthar, Praveen AU - Suthar P AD - Parul University, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260324 PL - Nepal TA - J Nepal Health Res Counc JT - Journal of Nepal Health Research Council JID - 101292936 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adult MH - Pregnancy MH - Young Adult MH - *Breast Feeding/psychology/statistics & numerical data MH - Nepal MH - *Immunization/psychology MH - Prenatal Care MH - *Pregnant People/psychology MH - Infant MH - Adolescent MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Socioeconomic Factors OTO - NOTNLM OT - Attitude; immunization; infant feeding; knowledge; pregnant women. EDAT- 2026/04/23 06:32 MHDA- 2026/04/23 06:33 CRDT- 2026/04/23 00:58 PHST- 2025/07/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/23 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/23 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/23 00:58 [entrez] AID - 10.33314/jnhrc.v23i04.4646 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Nepal Health Res Counc. 2026 Mar 24;23(4):619-625. doi: 10.33314/jnhrc.v23i04.4646. PMID- 42021356 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260628 LR - 20260813 IS - 1476-511X (Electronic) IS - 1476-511X (Linking) VI - 25 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 22 TI - Untargeted plasma lipidomic profiling associated with pediatric metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). LID - 10.1186/s12944-026-02937-y [doi] LID - 144 AB - BACKGROUND: Altered lipid metabolism is central to the pathogenesis of MASH, yet lipidomic data in pediatric populations are limited. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using high-resolution lipidomics to identify lipid alterations associated with pediatric MASH in youth enrolled in NASH CRN studies. METHODS: Clinical assessments included anthropometrics, lipid panels, liver enzymes, and markers of glucose metabolism. MASLD status was determined by liver biopsy or MRI-PDFF. Plasma untargeted lipidomics was performed using UHPLC-MS/MS. Linear models identified differentially abundant lipids. Network analysis characterized lipid-clinical associations and identified network-informed central lipids to evaluate MASH classification performance. RESULTS: The cohort included 102 participants with MASH (29% Zone 1, 19% Zone 3, 52% Definite) and 58 non-MASH participants (29 MASL and 29 controls). Participants were aged 7-18 years; 77% were male and 58% Hispanic, with a mean BMI Z-score of 2.01 +/- 0.77. Compared with non-MASH participants, those with MASH had higher BMI Z-scores, waist circumference, liver enzymes, insulin resistance markers, and triglycerides, and lower HDL cholesterol (p < 0.05). Lipidomics analysis revealed higher levels of saturated TG species and lower levels of Cer and SM species in participants with MASH (p < 0.05). Network analysis showed greater centrality of insulin resistance markers (fasting insulin, HOMA-IR) among participants with MASH, whereas non-MASH participant networks exhibited broader lipid-clinical connectivities. Adding central lipids [TG(12:0_16:0_18:2), SM(d32:3), TG(50:5)] with a high Eigenvector Centrality Score (ECS) significantly improved MASH classification performance. CONCLUSIONS: Pediatric MASH was associated with plasma lipid remodeling, and network-derived central lipids improved MASH classification performance. These findings highlight the potential of lipid signatures for the noninvasive diagnosis of pediatric MASH and warrant validation in independent, longitudinal cohorts. FAU - Lim, Gahyun AU - Lim G AD - Nutrition & Health Sciences Program, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. FAU - Huneault, Helaina E AU - Huneault HE AD - Nutrition & Health Sciences Program, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. AD - Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA. FAU - Chen, Chih-Yu AU - Chen CY AD - Emory Integrated Metabolomics and Lipidomics Core, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. FAU - Won, Grey AU - Won G AD - Emory Integrated Metabolomics and Lipidomics Core, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. FAU - Sanchez-Torres, Cristian AU - Sanchez-Torres C AD - Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. FAU - Maner-Smith, Kristal AU - Maner-Smith K AD - Emory Integrated Metabolomics and Lipidomics Core, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. FAU - Vos, Miriam B AU - Vos MB AD - Nutrition & Health Sciences Program, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. miriam.vos@msu.edu. AD - Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA. miriam.vos@msu.edu. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. miriam.vos@msu.edu. AD - Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA. miriam.vos@msu.edu. AD - Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Corewell Health, Grand Rapids, MI, USA. miriam.vos@msu.edu. AD - Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital at Corewell Health, Grand Rapids, MI, USA. miriam.vos@msu.edu. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260422 PL - England TA - Lipids Health Dis JT - Lipids in health and disease JID - 101147696 RN - 0 (Lipids) RN - 0 (Triglycerides) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Cholesterol, HDL) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Child MH - *Lipidomics/methods MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - *Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/blood/pathology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Liver/pathology/metabolism MH - *Lipids/blood MH - Lipid Metabolism/genetics MH - Insulin Resistance MH - Triglycerides/blood MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - Cholesterol, HDL/blood MH - Tandem Mass Spectrometry PMC - PMC13235174 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Insulin Resistance OT - Lipidomics OT - Pediatric MASH OT - TG COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: All participants provided written informed consent and assent for their samples and data to be used for future research. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Institutional Review Boards of Emory University (Protocol No. 78513) and University of California San Diego (Protocol No. 150741). Consent for publication: Not Applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/23 06:32 MHDA- 2026/06/28 10:10 PMCR- 2026/04/22 CRDT- 2026/04/23 00:55 PHST- 2025/12/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/28 10:10 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/23 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/23 00:55 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12944-026-02937-y [pii] AID - 2937 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12944-026-02937-y [doi] PST - epublish SO - Lipids Health Dis. 2026 Apr 22;25(1):144. doi: 10.1186/s12944-026-02937-y. PMID- 42021183 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260627 LR - 20260813 IS - 1471-2342 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2342 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 22 TI - Geometric feature analysis for identifying and characterizing normal variations on chest radiographs. LID - 10.1186/s12880-026-02344-w [doi] LID - 289 AB - PURPOSE: To develop and evaluate a quantitative method using geometric features of anatomical shadows on chest X-rays (CXRs) to identify normal variant cases and to elucidate the factors characterizing these variations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study included 548 normal CXRs confirmed by CT within one month. Shadows of six key anatomical structures (trachea, aorta, right atrium, left ventricle, right/left diaphragm domes) were manually labeled. Geometric features-center of gravity (x, y), length (l), and count (c)-were calculated for each label after image standardization. Cases with features (x, y, l) in the upper/lower 2.5% distribution or with label count (c) >/= 2 were defined as normal variants. Associated factors were investigated using corresponding CT images and patient age/BMI. RESULTS: Normal variants were identified in 291/548 cases (53.1%). Analysis of 532 outlier feature instances showed associations with adjacent anatomical structures (41.0%, e.g., vertebrae, pulmonary veins, accessory fissures), spinal curvature/vertebral levels (14.2%, trachea only), and significant correlations with age and/or BMI (44.8%). Age was primarily linked to aortic variations, while BMI correlated more with cardiac and diaphragmatic variations. Notable findings included partial right atrial shadow disappearance near the middle lobe pulmonary vein and a wide normal superior tracheal range (C6-Th2). CONCLUSION: This quantitative geometric feature method successfully identifies and characterizes a wide range of normal variations on CXRs. It effectively linked feature outliers to specific anatomical structures and patient factors like age and BMI. This approach provides a foundation for automated large-scale analysis, potentially enhancing radiological training and diagnostic accuracy. FAU - Fujimoto, Shinichi AU - Fujimoto S AD - Radiological Center, University of Fukui Hospital, Yoshida-gun, 910-1193, Japan. FAU - Hara, Takeshi AU - Hara T AD - Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Gifu University, Gifu City, 501-1193, Japan. FAU - Tanaka, Masato AU - Tanaka M AD - Medical Education Support Center, University of Fukui, Yoshida-gun, 910-1193, Japan. FAU - Uesaka, Hideki AU - Uesaka H AD - Medical Education Support Center, University of Fukui, Yoshida-gun, 910-1193, Japan. FAU - Itoh, Harumi AU - Itoh H AD - Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Gifu University, Gifu City, 501-1193, Japan. AD - Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-Shimoaizuki, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, 910-1193, Japan. FAU - Sakai, Toyohiko AU - Sakai T AD - Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-Shimoaizuki, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, 910-1193, Japan. FAU - Tateishi, Toshiki AU - Tateishi T AD - Radiological Center, University of Fukui Hospital, Yoshida-gun, 910-1193, Japan. FAU - Tsujikawa, Tetsuya AU - Tsujikawa T AD - Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-Shimoaizuki, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, 910-1193, Japan. awaji@u-fukui.ac.jp. LA - eng GR - JPMJCR21D4/JST, CREST/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260422 PL - England TA - BMC Med Imaging JT - BMC medical imaging JID - 100968553 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Radiography, Thoracic/methods MH - *Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods MH - Female MH - Male MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - Reference Values MH - Aged MH - Heart Atria/diagnostic imaging MH - Adolescent MH - *Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted/methods MH - Young Adult MH - Trachea/diagnostic imaging MH - Child MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Infant MH - Child, Preschool MH - Aorta/diagnostic imaging MH - Diaphragm/diagnostic imaging PMC - PMC13235210 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Anatomical variation OT - Chest radiography OT - Computed tomography OT - Geometric feature analysis OT - Image standardization OT - Normal variation OT - Outlier detection OT - Quantitative analysis COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This retrospective study was approved by the Ethics Review Committee of the University of Fukui (Approval number: 20170059), and the requirement for informed consent was waived. The study was conducted in accordance with the relevant guidelines and/or regulations including the Declaration of Helsinki. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/23 06:32 MHDA- 2026/06/27 18:37 PMCR- 2026/04/22 CRDT- 2026/04/23 00:46 PHST- 2025/06/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 18:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/23 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/23 00:46 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12880-026-02344-w [pii] AID - 2344 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12880-026-02344-w [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Med Imaging. 2026 Apr 22;26(1):289. doi: 10.1186/s12880-026-02344-w. PMID- 42020613 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260628 LR - 20260813 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 22 TI - Dietary nutrient intake and nutritional status in women with infertility: a cross-sectional study. LID - 10.1038/s41598-026-47490-x [doi] LID - 18726 AB - Infertility affects 17.5% of reproductive-age couples and represents a global health challenge with a complex etiology. While nutritional status and diet are recognized as modifiable factors, evidence in specialized clinical settings remains limited. This study was designed under the hypothesis that dietary nutrient intake is significantly associated with the hormonal and anthropometric profile of women seeking fertility treatment. We aimed to address this gap by analyzing these associations in a well-characterized clinical cohort. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 97 women (aged 18-40 years) diagnosed with infertility at Marina Salud Hospital (Spain) between 2022 and 2024. Dietary intake and body composition were assessed using a validated 137-item FFQ and standardized anthropometric measurements (BIA). Reproductive hormones were analyzed from follicular-phase blood samples. Statistical analyses included Spearman correlations and linear regression models adjusted for total energy intake, physical activity, smoking status, and BMI (p < 0.05). Participants had a mean BMI of 25.5 +/- 5.6 kg/m2, with 23.7% overweight and 17.5% obese. Body fat (35.9 +/- 9.3%) and visceral fat (5.5 +/- 2.3%) percentages exceeded recommended values. Multivariate analysis showed that higher intakes of riboflavin (beta = 0.665, p = 0.042) and calcium (beta = 0.004, p = 0.012) were significantly associated with increased muscle mass percentage. Additionally, vitamin E intake was inversely associated with hip circumference (beta = - 0.773, p = 0.004). Regarding hormonal markers, vitamin E showed a significant inverse association with prolactin levels, which remained robust after adjusting for potential confounders (beta = - 0.501, p = 0.008). No other nutrient-hormone associations reached significance after adjustment. These findings suggest that specific nutrients, such as riboflavin and vitamin E, are associated with a more favorable body composition and hormonal regulation in women with infertility. Although the cross-sectional design limits causal inference, these results highlight potential modifiable targets for personalized nutritional support in reproductive health. Future longitudinal studies are warranted to confirm these exploratory findings. FAU - Martin-Manchado, Laura AU - Martin-Manchado L AD - Department of Nursing, University of Alicante, 03690, Alicante, Spain. FAU - Sanchez-Sansegundo, Miriam AU - Sanchez-Sansegundo M AD - Department of Health Psychology, University of Alicante, 03690, Alicante, Spain. FAU - Zaragoza-Marti, Ana AU - Zaragoza-Marti A AD - Department of Nursing, University of Alicante, 03690, Alicante, Spain. ana.zaragoza@ua.es. AD - Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL-FISABIO Foundation), 03010, Alicante, Spain. ana.zaragoza@ua.es. FAU - Serrado De La Cruz-Delgado, Veronica AU - Serrado De La Cruz-Delgado V AD - Obstetrics and Gynaecology Service, Hospital Marina Salud de Denia, 03700, Alicante, Spain. FAU - Hurtado-Sanchez, Jose Antonio AU - Hurtado-Sanchez JA AD - Department of Nursing, University of Alicante, 03690, Alicante, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260422 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Nutritional Status MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adult MH - *Infertility, Female MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - *Diet MH - Body Composition MH - Body Mass Index MH - Energy Intake PMC - PMC13273031 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Body composition OT - Female infertility OT - Nutrient intake OT - Nutritional status OT - Prolactin OT - Riboflavin OT - Vitamin E COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL) [CEIm: PI2021/113]. Participants were informed about the study's objectives and characteristics, emphasizing the voluntary nature of their participation and their right to withdraw at any time without consequence. After this explanation, their collaboration was requested, and informed consent was obtained from all participants. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/23 00:31 MHDA- 2026/06/28 13:04 PMCR- 2026/04/22 CRDT- 2026/04/22 23:36 PHST- 2025/05/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/28 13:04 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/23 00:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/22 23:36 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-47490-x [pii] AID - 47490 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-47490-x [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2026 Apr 22;16(1):18726. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-47490-x. PMID- 42020345 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260913 LR - 20260915 IS - 1471-0528 (Electronic) IS - 1470-0328 (Print) IS - 1470-0328 (Linking) VI - 133 IP - 11 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Antenatal Prediction of Shoulder Dystocia and Birth Trauma Using Routine Maternal and Ultrasound Variables: Retrospective Cohort Study. PG - 1996-2002 LID - 10.1111/1471-0528.70250 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To develop antenatal prediction models for shoulder dystocia and birth trauma using routinely collected maternal and sonographic variables. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Single tertiary referral centre in the UK. POPULATION OR SAMPLE: All singleton term liveborn pregnancies delivered between January 2016 and November 2024 with a third-trimester ultrasound performed at or beyond 36 weeks' gestation. METHODS: Multivariable logistic regression was used to develop antenatal prediction models for shoulder dystocia and birth trauma, incorporating maternal characteristics and fetal biometry including abdominal circumference (AC; centile or mm) and estimated fetal weight (EFW; grams or centile). Model performance was assessed using tests for multicollinearity, discrimination (area under the ROC curve, AUC) and calibration. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Shoulder dystocia and birth trauma, the latter defined as a composite of shoulder dystocia, postpartum haemorrhage requiring blood transfusion, caesarean delivery at full dilatation, or hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE >/= 1). RESULTS: A total of 24 334 singleton term pregnancies were included; 432 (1.8%) were complicated by shoulder dystocia and 1210 (5.0%) by birth trauma. The model including maternal characteristics and AC centile demonstrated the best discrimination. For shoulder dystocia, the apparent AUC was 0.706 (95% CI 0.682-0.730); the optimism-corrected AUC after bootstrap validation was 0.699. For birth trauma, the apparent AUC was 0.669 (95% CI 0.654-0.685); the optimism-corrected AUC was 0.665. At a 10% false-positive rate, sensitivity was 31.5% for shoulder dystocia and 22.8% for birth trauma, compared with 20.4% and 14.0%, respectively, using EFW >/= 90th centile. CONCLUSIONS: Antenatal models combining fetal AC centile with maternal risk factors outperform EFW-based thresholds currently used in clinical practice. Although discrimination was modest, the model may be useful for antenatal risk stratification and counselling, rather than as a stand-alone clinical test. Such models may help identify pregnancies at increased risk of delivery-related complications associated with fetal overgrowth and inform future studies evaluating targeted interventions. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Schwartz, Anat AU - Schwartz A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0161-8932 AD - Fetal Medicine Unit, St. George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. FAU - Minopoli, Monica AU - Minopoli M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8681-4501 AD - Fetal Medicine Unit, St. George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. FAU - Di Ilio, Chiara AU - Di Ilio C AD - Department of Women's and Child Health Sciences and Public Health, IRCCS A. Gemelli University Polyclinic Foundation, Rome, Italy. FAU - Di Mascio, Daniele AU - Di Mascio D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6560-3393 AD - Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Bhide, Amaranth AU - Bhide A AD - Fetal Medicine Unit, St. George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. AD - Vascular Biology Research Centre, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St. George's University of London, London, UK. FAU - Thilaganathan, Basky AU - Thilaganathan B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5531-4301 AD - Fetal Medicine Unit, St. George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. AD - Vascular Biology Research Centre, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St. George's University of London, London, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260422 PL - England TA - BJOG JT - BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology JID - 100935741 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *Shoulder Dystocia/epidemiology/diagnosis MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Ultrasonography, Prenatal/methods MH - *Birth Injuries/epidemiology/diagnosis MH - Adult MH - Fetal Weight MH - United Kingdom/epidemiology MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Pregnancy Trimester, Third MH - *Dystocia PMC - PMC13571882 OTO - NOTNLM OT - abdominal circumference OT - birth trauma OT - estimated fetal weight OT - prediction model OT - shoulder dystocia OT - third-trimester ultrasound COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/23 00:31 MHDA- 2026/09/13 23:34 PMCR- 2026/09/13 CRDT- 2026/04/22 23:03 PHST- 2026/04/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/01/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/13 23:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/23 00:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/22 23:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - BJO70250 [pii] AID - 10.1111/1471-0528.70250 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - BJOG. 2026 Oct;133(11):1996-2002. doi: 10.1111/1471-0528.70250. Epub 2026 Apr 22. PMID- 42019912 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260708 LR - 20260730 IS - 1876-2867 (Electronic) IS - 1876-2859 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Cardiovascular risk factors and health-related social needs among youth in a largely rural health system. PG - 103331 LID - S1876-2859(26)00113-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.acap.2026.103331 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To describe the relationship between cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and health-related social needs (HRSN) among youth 6 to 17 years receiving care in a primarily rural health system. METHODS: Cross-sectional study of patients 6 to 17 years who were eligible for a pragmatic, cluster-randomized clinical trial. Patients with a blood pressure (BP) measurement at a primary care visit between August 1, 2022 to July 31, 2023 were included. Primary measures were CVD risk factors, identified through diagnoses, problem lists and clinical data, and the presence of one or more HRSN as reported in a validated questionnaire. Contingency tables and logistic regression analyses were used to quantify associations between CVD risk factors and HRSN. RESULTS: A total of 33,192 patients (mean 11.6 years, 49.6% male, 55.3% rural) were included. Smoking, obesity, and BP were routinely assessed, while diabetes and dyslipidemia were evaluated in a subset. Thirty-five percent had at least 1 CVD risk factor. Obesity (21.0%) and smoking or passive smoke exposure (16.8%) occurred frequently, while diabetes or prediabetes (3.0%) and hypertension or hypertensive level blood pressure (2.3%) were infrequent. Financial strain (4.0%), food worry (3.3%), and food insecurity (2.4%) were the most often reported HRSN. Having an HRSN was associated with CVD risk factors, including smoking (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.59; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.25-2.99), diabetes or prediabetes (aOR, 1.57; 95% CI: 1.01-2.43), and obesity (aOR, 1.63; 95% CI: 1.41-1.88). CONCLUSIONS: We found a high proportion of youth with increased CVD risk. Self-reported HRSN were associated with CVD risk factors, including smoking, diabetes or prediabetes, and obesity. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Academic Pediatric Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Benziger, Catherine P AU - Benziger CP AD - Essentia Health Heart and Vascular Center (CP Benziger), Duluth, Minn. FAU - Schultz, Brandon J AU - Schultz BJ AD - University of Minnesota Medical School - Duluth Campus (BJ Schultz), Duluth, Minn. FAU - Harry, Melissa L AU - Harry ML AD - Essentia Institute of Rural Health (ML Harry, CI Allen, and LA Freitlag), Duluth, Minn. FAU - Allen, Clayton I AU - Allen CI AD - Essentia Institute of Rural Health (ML Harry, CI Allen, and LA Freitlag), Duluth, Minn. FAU - Freitag, Laura A AU - Freitag LA AD - Essentia Institute of Rural Health (ML Harry, CI Allen, and LA Freitlag), Duluth, Minn. FAU - Asche, Stephen E AU - Asche SE AD - HealthPartners Institute (SE Asche, HL Ekstrom, IJ Essien, PJ O'Connor, and EO Kharbanda), Bloomington, Minn. FAU - Ekstrom, Heidi L AU - Ekstrom HL AD - HealthPartners Institute (SE Asche, HL Ekstrom, IJ Essien, PJ O'Connor, and EO Kharbanda), Bloomington, Minn. FAU - Essien, Inih J AU - Essien IJ AD - HealthPartners Institute (SE Asche, HL Ekstrom, IJ Essien, PJ O'Connor, and EO Kharbanda), Bloomington, Minn. FAU - Saman, Daniel M AU - Saman DM AD - Consultant (DM Saman), Lexington, Ky. FAU - O'Connor, Patrick J AU - O'Connor PJ AD - HealthPartners Institute (SE Asche, HL Ekstrom, IJ Essien, PJ O'Connor, and EO Kharbanda), Bloomington, Minn. FAU - Kharbanda, Elyse O AU - Kharbanda EO AD - HealthPartners Institute (SE Asche, HL Ekstrom, IJ Essien, PJ O'Connor, and EO Kharbanda), Bloomington, Minn. Electronic address: Elyse.o.kharbanda@healthpartners.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Pragmatic Clinical Trial PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20260420 PL - United States TA - Acad Pediatr JT - Academic pediatrics JID - 101499145 RN - 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology MH - Dyslipidemias/epidemiology MH - Food Insecurity MH - *Heart Disease Risk Factors MH - Hypertension/epidemiology MH - Obesity/epidemiology MH - Risk Factors MH - Rural Population MH - Smoking/epidemiology MH - Tobacco Smoke Pollution/statistics & numerical data OTO - NOTNLM OT - health-related social needs OT - obesity OT - risk factors OT - smoking COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose. EDAT- 2026/04/23 00:32 MHDA- 2026/07/09 00:40 CRDT- 2026/04/22 19:17 PHST- 2025/07/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/09 00:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/23 00:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/22 19:17 [entrez] AID - S1876-2859(26)00113-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.acap.2026.103331 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Acad Pediatr. 2026 Jul;26(5):103331. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2026.103331. Epub 2026 Apr 20. PMID- 42019273 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260526 LR - 20260529 IS - 1872-6283 (Electronic) IS - 0379-0738 (Linking) VI - 385 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Population variation and macromorphoscopic traits in a sample of South African subadults. PG - 112971 LID - S0379-0738(26)00158-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.forsciint.2026.112971 [doi] AB - Skeletal analyses of subadults are lacking reliable methods to estimate biological parameters, such as population affinity. In adults, macromorphoscopic (MMS) traits capture nonmetric cranial variation and assist in assessing population affinity, but its application on subadults remains underexplored in South Africa. This study evaluated the use of MMS traits to assess population affinity in a sample of South African subadults. The sample comprised of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scanned crania of subadults between 3 and 16 years, including black, white, coloured and indian South Africans. Nine MMS traits were examined across population groups. Substantial variation and overlap were observed, with no trait unique to any population. Kruskal-Wallis tests revealed significant population differences (p < 0.05) in six traits, suggesting some population-level patterning. Random Forest Modelling (RFM) was employed to test the ability of these traits to estimate population affinity. The unweighted multivariate model showed moderate accuracy (61%) but low kappa values, indicating limited discriminatory power. Other RFM iterations produced accuracies between 64% and 96.6%, with age-stratified and class-weighted models performing better. Despite these results, overall findings suggest MMS traits alone are insufficient for reliable classification in South African subadults. The observed overlap between groups indicates that craniofacial variation during development is not distinct enough for accurate population affinity estimation using this method. Nevertheless, the significant differences in certain traits and the variable performance of classification models highlight the potential of MMS traits as part of a broader analytical framework. Future research with larger samples is needed to better capture developmental trajectories and refine methods for forensic application. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Harripershad, Miksha AU - Harripershad M AD - Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa. Electronic address: miksha.harripershad@gmail.com. FAU - Theye, Charlotte E G AU - Theye CEG AD - Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Laboratoire de Paleontologie, Evolution, Paleoecosystemes et Paleoprimatologie (PALEVOPRIM), UMR 7262 CNRS & Universite de Poitiers, France. FAU - Ridel, Alison F AU - Ridel AF AD - Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa. FAU - Stull, Kyra E AU - Stull KE AD - Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Department of Anthropology, University of Nevada, Reno, United States. FAU - Liebenberg, Leandi AU - Liebenberg L AD - Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260417 PL - Ireland TA - Forensic Sci Int JT - Forensic science international JID - 7902034 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - South Africa MH - Forensic Anthropology MH - Adolescent MH - *Skull/diagnostic imaging/anatomy & histology MH - Cone-Beam Computed Tomography MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Male MH - Random Forest MH - Southern African People MH - Female MH - Cephalometry OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cone-beam computed tomography OT - Cranium OT - Forensic anthropology OT - Ontogeny OT - Population affinity OT - Random forest modelling COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The author declares no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/23 00:31 MHDA- 2026/05/27 00:30 CRDT- 2026/04/22 18:09 PHST- 2025/11/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/27 00:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/23 00:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/22 18:09 [entrez] AID - S0379-0738(26)00158-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.forsciint.2026.112971 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Forensic Sci Int. 2026 Aug;385:112971. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2026.112971. Epub 2026 Apr 17. PMID- 42019160 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260617 LR - 20260617 IS - 1872-7131 (Electronic) IS - 0387-7604 (Linking) VI - 48 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Validity of bioelectrical impedance analysis to estimate body composition in patients with severe motor and intellectual disabilities. PG - 104536 LID - S0387-7604(26)00037-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.braindev.2026.104536 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Assessing nutritional status in patients with severe motor and intellectual disabilities (SMID) is essential but challenging. While dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the standard method for body composition analysis, its clinical utility is limited by logistical constraints. This study aimed to evaluate the concurrent validity and agreement of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) compared with DXA in patients with SMID. METHODS: Twelve patients with SMID (median age: 11 years) underwent body composition measurements using a multi-frequency BIA device and DXA. Agreement between the two methods for fat-free mass (FFM), body fat mass (BF), percentage body fat (%BF), and regional lean mass was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and Bland-Altman analysis. RESULTS: BIA demonstrated excellent concurrent validity for whole-body absolute mass parameters, with ICCs of 0.981 for FFM and 0.978 for BF. Mean bias was minimal for FFM (0.3 kg) and BF (-0.3 kg). However, %BF showed lower validity (ICC = 0.813) and was substantially underestimated (mean bias -7.1%). Bland-Altman analysis revealed wide limits of agreement for all parameters and a significant proportional bias for BF, indicating overestimation as adiposity increased. Regional analysis showed high validity for the trunk but poor agreement for limb measurements. CONCLUSION: IA is a useful non-invasive alternative for assessing FFM and BF at the group level in patients with SMID. However, caution is warranted for individual assessment, particularly for %BF, which BIA tends to underestimate in this population. CI - Copyright (c) 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V. FAU - Kurima, Taiyu AU - Kurima T AD - Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Japan; Department of Rehabilitation, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences Hospital, Japan. FAU - Shimizu, Yukiyo AU - Shimizu Y AD - Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Japan. FAU - Hada, Yasushi AU - Hada Y AD - Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Japan. FAU - Nakayama, Tomohiro AU - Nakayama T AD - Department of Pediatrics, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences Hospital, Japan; Center of Medical Sciences, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Japan. Electronic address: nakayamato@ipu.ac.jp. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260421 PL - Netherlands TA - Brain Dev JT - Brain & development JID - 7909235 SB - IM MH - *Electric Impedance MH - *Body Composition MH - *Intellectual Disability MH - *Motor Skills Disorders MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - *Absorptiometry, Photon OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bioelectrical impedance analysis OT - Cerebral palsy OT - Severe motor and intellectual disabilities COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/04/23 00:31 MHDA- 2026/06/06 12:35 CRDT- 2026/04/22 18:04 PHST- 2025/08/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/06 12:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/23 00:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/22 18:04 [entrez] AID - S0387-7604(26)00037-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.braindev.2026.104536 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Brain Dev. 2026 Jun;48(3):104536. doi: 10.1016/j.braindev.2026.104536. Epub 2026 Apr 21. PMID- 42018794 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260813 IS - 2317-1782 (Electronic) IS - 2317-1782 (Linking) VI - 38 IP - 3 DP - 2026 TI - Reliability between measurements obtained by caliper and digital photography in facial anthropometry. PG - e20250193 LID - S2317-17822026000300606 [pii] LID - 10.1590/2317-1782/e20250193pt [doi] LID - e20250193 AB - PURPOSE: To investigate the reliability between direct and indirect measurements in facial anthropometry. METHODS: The sample consisted of 60 subjects aged between 16 and 48 years. After applying the eligibility criteria, indirect objective anthropometric facial examinations (SAPO(R) and IMAGEJ(R) software) and direct frontal anthropometric examinations were performed using a digital caliper at the anthropometric points: glabella, sub nasale, gnathion, alar, exocanthus, and chilling, with the patients seated in a comfortable position and head in a natural position. Two trained and calibrated examiners performed the measurements three times to obtain the arithmetic mean. The participants were photographed to perform the indirect measurements. The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics (measures of absolute and relative frequency and summary measures of central tendency and dispersion) and inferential statistics (Chi-square test, Bland-Altman, paired t-test, and Intraclass Correlation Coefficient), considering a significance of 5%. RESULTS: There was intra- and inter-observer agreement, sexual dimorphism (female measurements smaller), higher values of direct anthropometry when compared with photoanthropometry, and differences between the software used and the caliper with ImageJ(R). CONCLUSION: There was a divergence between direct and indirect anthropometries, which do not represent the same values and proportions, depending on the anthropometric point used, and the professional should consider this aspect. Facial anthropometric comparisons should be carried out using the same software in order to avoid divergences in analyses. FAU - Andrade, Rayssa Silva Santos AU - Andrade RSS AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-1090-0950 AD - Departamento de Fonoaudiologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe - UFS - Sao Cristovao (SE), Brasil. FAU - Matos, Paulo Vitor de Oliveira Santos AU - Matos PVOS AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-0587-8522 AD - Departamento de Fonoaudiologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe - UFS - Sao Cristovao (SE), Brasil. FAU - Rehder, Maria Ines Beltrati Cornacchioni AU - Rehder MIBC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4416-6075 AD - Pos-graduacao em Pericia Fonoaudiologica, CEFAC - Saude Educacao - Rio Claro (SP), Brasil. AD - Parole Fonoaudiologia Clinico Cientifica - Rio Claro (SP), Brasil. FAU - Guedes-Granzotti, Raphaela Barroso AU - Guedes-Granzotti RB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9064-439X AD - Departamento de Fonoaudiologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe - UFS - Sao Cristovao (SE), Brasil. FAU - Silva, Kelly da AU - Silva KD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9193-7282 AD - Departamento de Fonoaudiologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe - UFS - Lagarto (SE), Brasil. FAU - Cesar, Carla Patricia Hernandez Alves Ribeiro AU - Cesar CPHAR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9439-9352 AD - Departamento de Fonoaudiologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe - UFS - Sao Cristovao (SE), Brasil. LA - por LA - eng PT - Journal Article TT - Confiabilidade entre as medidas obtidas pelo paquimetro e por fotografia digital na antropometria facial. DEP - 20260420 PL - Brazil TA - Codas JT - CoDAS JID - 101623246 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Photography/methods MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - *Face/anatomy & histology MH - Female MH - *Anthropometry/methods MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Young Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - Observer Variation MH - Reference Values PMC - PMC13142683 COIS- Conflict of interests: nothing to declare. EDAT- 2026/04/22 18:32 MHDA- 2026/04/22 18:33 PMCR- 2026/03/31 CRDT- 2026/04/22 15:32 PHST- 2025/05/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/09/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/22 18:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/22 18:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/22 15:32 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2317-17822026000300606 [pii] AID - codas20250193_PT [pii] AID - 10.1590/2317-1782/e20250193pt [doi] PST - epublish SO - Codas. 2026 Apr 20;38(3):e20250193. doi: 10.1590/2317-1782/e20250193pt. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42018563 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260813 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 4 DP - 2026 TI - Forecasting under-five stunting in Ethiopia using classical and machine learning time series models. PG - e0345000 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0345000 [doi] LID - e0345000 AB - BACKGROUND: The prevalence of under-five stunting in Ethiopia remains above 30%, which, according to World Health Organization (WHO), constitutes a major public health concern. Stunting has long-term consequences for child growth, development, and overall health. Accurate forecasting of its prevalence is therefore essential to guide policymakers and inform targeted interventions. This study aimed to forecast the prevalence of under-five stunting in Ethiopia for the period 2025-2030 using historical data and time series modeling. METHODS: Annual under-five stunting prevalence data for Ethiopia from 2000 to 2024 were retrieved from the WHO Global Health Observatory. Time series forecasting models, including Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), Exponential Smoothing (ETS), Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), were developed and evaluated. Model performance was assessed using time series cross-validation with mean absolute error (MAE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), and R(2) as evaluation metrics. The best-performing model was applied to forecast stunting prevalence for 2025-2030. RESULTS: The ETS model demonstrated the best predictive performance (MAE = 1.09, MAPE = 2.71%, R(2) = 0.903) and was selected for forecasting. Forecasting indicated a gradual decline in under-five stunting prevalence in Ethiopia from 33.95% in 2025 to 31.95% in 2030. The projected prevalence for 2029 is 32.35% (95% CI: 26.90-37.79%), above the national target of 19%, and the 2030 forecast remains well above the SDG target of ending all forms of malnutrition. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION: Under-five stunting in Ethiopia is projected to remain above national and SDG targets by 2030, indicating current nutrition efforts are insufficient; national program evaluation and evidence-based policy adjustments are recommended. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Gessese et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Gessese, Rewina Tilahun AU - Gessese RT AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-8877-3169 AD - International Institute for Primary Health Care -Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Kelkay, Jenberu Mekurianew AU - Kelkay JM AD - Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Debark University, Debark, Ethiopia. FAU - Arage, Fetlework Gubena AU - Arage FG AD - Department of Public Health, Institute of Public Health, College of medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. FAU - Tsegaw, Tigist Kifle AU - Tsegaw TK AD - Department of Public Health, Institute of Public Health, College of medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. FAU - Tadese, Zinabu Bekele AU - Tadese ZB AD - Department of Health Informatics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Samara University, Semera, Ethiopia. FAU - Alemayehu, Meron Asmamaw AU - Alemayehu MA AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. FAU - Taye, Eliyas Addisu AU - Taye EA AD - Department of Health Informatics, Institute of Public Health, College of medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. FAU - Alemu, Eyob Akalewold AU - Alemu EA AD - Department of Public Health, Institute of Public Health, College of medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260422 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Ethiopia/epidemiology MH - Humans MH - Forecasting/methods MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Growth Disorders/epidemiology MH - *Machine Learning MH - Prevalence MH - Predictive Learning Models MH - Prediction Algorithms MH - Infant PMC - PMC13102227 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/04/22 18:32 MHDA- 2026/04/22 18:33 PMCR- 2026/04/22 CRDT- 2026/04/22 13:43 PHST- 2025/11/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/22 18:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/22 18:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/22 13:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-25-57738 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0345000 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 Apr 22;21(4):e0345000. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0345000. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42017359 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260715 IS - 1941-9260 (Electronic) IS - 0032-5481 (Linking) VI - 138 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Apr TI - The role of social determinants of health in predicting pediatric anemia in primary care clinics. PG - 309-314 LID - 10.1080/00325481.2026.2661421 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Social determinants of health (SDOH) influence access to nutrition, healthcare, and living conditions and may contribute to pediatric anemia. Anemia in children is particularly concerning because delayed identification can lead to developmental and long-term health consequences. Despite their potential impact, SDOH are not explicitly recognized as risk factors in current AAP anemia screening guidelines. Identifying whether SDOH predict anemia risk may facilitate earlier detection and treatment. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether specific SDOH domains predict an increased risk of anemia in pediatric patients in primary care settings. METHODS: Pediatric patients (<18 years) presenting for routine or acute primary care visits and their caregivers were recruited. Caregivers completed a validated SDOH screener, and tcHgb measurements were obtained. A retrospective chart review provided demographic and clinical data. Associations between tcHgb and numeric variables were assessed using Spearman correlations; categorical variables were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis or Wilcoxon rank sum tests. Regression analysis evaluated tcHgb as the outcome with SDOH risk as the predictor, adjusting for age, sex, race, and insurance type. Analyses were conducted using SAS v9.4. RESULTS: Among 248 families, 186 children (75%) had at least one identified social need. The most common were financial strain (31.85%), food insecurity (25.00%), cognitive disabilities (21.77%), language and literacy barriers (21.05%), and mental health concerns (18.11%). Mean (SD) tcHgb was 12.7 (1.2) g/dL, with a median of 2.0 [0.5, 3.0] positive SDOH domains when present. TcHgb was not associated with age, BMI, or sex but differed by insurance type. Each additional SDOH concern was associated with a 0.29 g/dL decrease in tcHgb (p < .0001). CONCLUSION: SDOH risk factors are significantly associated with lower hemoglobin levels in pediatric patients, with cumulative social needs conferring increased anemia risk. Incorporating SDOH screening into pediatric primary care may improve early identification and outcomes for children at risk of anemia. FAU - Hoffman, Julia AU - Hoffman J AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-5405-4298 AD - Health Science Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA. FAU - Posa, Molly AU - Posa M AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA. FAU - Otero, Jaclyn AU - Otero J AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA. FAU - Chi, Xiaofei AU - Chi X AD - College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Research Hub, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. FAU - Garvan, Cynthia AU - Garvan C AD - College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Research Hub, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. FAU - Kelly, Colton AU - Kelly C AD - Health Science Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. FAU - Jones, John AU - Jones J AD - Health Science Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. FAU - Kelly, Maria AU - Kelly M AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260422 PL - England TA - Postgrad Med JT - Postgraduate medicine JID - 0401147 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Social Determinants of Health/statistics & numerical data MH - *Primary Health Care MH - Female MH - *Anemia/epidemiology/diagnosis MH - Male MH - Child, Preschool MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Child MH - Risk Factors MH - Infant MH - Adolescent MH - Food Insecurity MH - Socioeconomic Disparities in Health OTO - NOTNLM OT - Social determinants of health (SDOH) OT - anemia OT - pediatric OT - primary care OT - transcutaneous hemoglobin (tcHgb) EDAT- 2026/04/22 12:36 MHDA- 2026/05/10 05:18 CRDT- 2026/04/22 06:03 PHST- 2026/05/10 05:18 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/22 12:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/22 06:03 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/00325481.2026.2661421 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Postgrad Med. 2026 Apr;138(3):309-314. doi: 10.1080/00325481.2026.2661421. Epub 2026 Apr 22. PMID- 42015165 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260628 LR - 20260813 IS - 1471-2431 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2431 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 22 TI - Performance of three large language models in answering parent-focused questions on rickets: a dual pediatric-orthopedic specialist evaluation. LID - 10.1186/s12887-026-06851-1 [doi] LID - 525 AB - BACKGROUND: Parents increasingly rely on large language models (LLMs) to obtain pediatric health information; however, the accuracy, clinical appropriateness, and readability of AI-generated responses remain variable. This concern is particularly relevant for rickets, a preventable metabolic bone disease in which delayed recognition or inappropriate guidance may result in adverse outcomes. This study aimed to compare the content quality, clinical appropriateness, and readability of responses generated by contemporary LLMs to parent-oriented questions about rickets using structured, multidisciplinary expert evaluation. METHODS: Twenty-two frequently asked parent-oriented questions regarding rickets were identified from authoritative patient education resources and categorized into four thematic domains. Each question was posed to three LLMs (GPT-5.1, DeepSeek V3.2, and Gemini 3 Pro) using a standardized parent-focused prompt. Responses were collected as single-turn outputs between November 16 and 20, 2025. All responses were anonymized and independently evaluated by four clinicians (two pediatricians and two orthopedic surgeons). Content quality was assessed using a modified Artificial Intelligence Evaluation Score for Common Patient Questions (AIES-CPQ; range 5-25) and the Global Quality Scale (GQS; range 1-5). Readability was analyzed using five established indices. Inter-model differences were assessed using the Friedman test with Bonferroni-adjusted Wilcoxon signed-rank post-hoc comparisons, and inter-rater reliability was evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients. RESULTS: Significant differences were observed among models for both AIES-CPQ and GQS scores (p < 0.001). Gemini 3 Pro and DeepSeek V3.2 achieved higher overall content quality and educational scores compared with GPT-5.1, although their relative strengths varied across evaluation domains. DeepSeek V3.2 demonstrated higher inter-rater reliability, while Gemini 3 Pro generated more detailed but linguistically complex responses. Readability analysis revealed substantial variability across models, indicating a trade-off between informational depth and accessibility. CONCLUSIONS: LLM-generated responses to parent-oriented questions about rickets vary substantially in quality, clinical appropriateness, and readability. While newer-generation models provide higher-quality information, none demonstrate uniformly reliable performance across all domains. Structured, disease-specific evaluation frameworks combined with multidisciplinary expert oversight are essential before AI-generated content can be safely integrated into parent-facing pediatric education. FAU - Corekci, Ahmet Murat AU - Corekci AM AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-7505-8449 AD - Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascioglu City Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkiye. murat37crkc@gmail.com. FAU - Ates, Belen AU - Ates B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4525-8764 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascioglu City Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Ozturk, Ahmet Alperen AU - Ozturk AA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1777-9060 AD - Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Agri Training and Research Hospital, Agri, Turkiye. FAU - Ozdemir, Mustafa AU - Ozdemir M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7481-3926 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascioglu City Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260422 PL - England TA - BMC Pediatr JT - BMC pediatrics JID - 100967804 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Large Language Models MH - *Parents MH - *Rickets/diagnosis MH - Comprehension MH - Orthopedics MH - Child MH - *Patient Education as Topic/methods MH - Pediatrics MH - Generative Artificial Intelligence PMC - PMC13238095 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Artificial intelligence OT - Content quality OT - Large language models OT - Parent education OT - Readability analysis OT - Rickets COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study did not involve human participants, patient data, biological samples, or clinical interventions. The research exclusively evaluated responses generated by publicly accessible LLMs to standardized, hypothetical parent oriented questions derived from publicly available educational resources. As no personal data were collected and no human subjects were involved, ethical approval and informed consent were not required, in accordance with institutional and national research guidelines. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. No human participants (including minors) were enrolled and no identifiable human data were used; therefore, informed consent from parents/legal guardians was not applicable. The standardized question set was developed using publicly accessible patient education/FAQ resources, including Cleveland Clinic and OrthoKids (Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America). Direct source links are provided in the Availability of data and materials section. Consent for publication: Not applicable as the study did not include identifiable human data. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Clinical trial number: Not applicable. EDAT- 2026/04/22 06:32 MHDA- 2026/06/28 13:04 PMCR- 2026/04/22 CRDT- 2026/04/22 00:22 PHST- 2025/12/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/28 13:04 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/22 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/22 00:22 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-06851-1 [pii] AID - 6851 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-06851-1 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pediatr. 2026 Apr 22;26(1):525. doi: 10.1186/s12887-026-06851-1. PMID- 42014280 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260805 LR - 20260805 IS - 1590-3729 (Electronic) IS - 0939-4753 (Linking) VI - 36 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Plasma PCSK9 levels in children and adolescents: evidence from an Italian outpatient paediatric clinic cohort at cardio-metabolic risk. PG - 104754 LID - S0939-4753(26)00216-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.numecd.2026.104754 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AND AIM: Whether measuring circulating proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) plasma levels in cardiovascular contexts may be of use in the clinical practice remains uncertain. The aim of the present study was to investigate PCSK9 levels in a cohort of children and adolescents referred to a paediatric outpatient clinic for cardio-metabolic risk assessment. METHODS AND RESULTS: 332 children and adolescents were recruited between December 2014 and June 2024. Plasma PCSK9 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, glucose, insulin, fasting lipids, and uric acid were assessed, with calculation of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), remnant cholesterol, and homeostasis model assessment index. The median age was 11.2 years, with 44.1% having initiated pubertal development, 81.9% were classified as excess weight and 16.3% as hypertensive. The median PCSK9 levels were 187.2 ng/mL. After adjustment for age and body mass index (BMI) z-score, the presence of lipid values above the clinical threshold was significantly associated with higher PCSK9 levels (p<0.01): total cholesterol >/=200 mg/dL (+51.7 ng/mL), non-HDL-C>/=145 mg/dL (+43.6 ng/mL), remnant-cholesterol >/=30 mg/dL (+49.6 ng/mL), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) >/=130 mg/dL (+34.1 ng/mL), and triglycerides above cut-offs (+49.2 ng/mL). Similarly, a positive parental history of dyslipidaemia was significantly associated with higher PCSK9 values (+39.9 ng/mL) (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In a cohort of children and adolescents at cardio-metabolic risk, circulating PCSK9 levels were significantly associated with atherogenic lipid fractions, including LDL-C, non-HDL-C, triglycerides, and remnant cholesterol. These findings suggest that PCSK9 may play a broader role in lipid metabolism beyond LDL-C regulation, particularly in relation to triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Ruscica, M AU - Ruscica M AD - Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; Department of Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular Diseases, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. Electronic address: massimiliano.ruscica@unimi.it. FAU - Tassistro, E AU - Tassistro E AD - Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy. FAU - Rizzuto, A S AU - Rizzuto AS AD - Department of Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular Diseases, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. FAU - Macchi, C AU - Macchi C AD - Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy. FAU - Orlando, A AU - Orlando A AD - Department of Cardiology, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, San Luca Hospital, Piazzale Brescia 20, Milan, Italy. FAU - Rebora, P AU - Rebora P AD - Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy; Bicocca Center of Bioinformatics, Biostatistics and Bioimaging (B4 Centre), School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy. FAU - Carugo, S AU - Carugo S AD - Department of Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular Diseases, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy. FAU - Parati, G AU - Parati G AD - Department of Cardiology, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, San Luca Hospital, Piazzale Brescia 20, Milan, Italy; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell'Ateneo Nuovo 1, Milan, Italy. FAU - Giussani, M AU - Giussani M AD - Department of Cardiology, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, San Luca Hospital, Piazzale Brescia 20, Milan, Italy. FAU - Corsini, A AU - Corsini A AD - Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy. FAU - Genovesi, S AU - Genovesi S AD - Department of Cardiology, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, San Luca Hospital, Piazzale Brescia 20, Milan, Italy; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell'Ateneo Nuovo 1, Milan, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260408 PL - Netherlands TA - Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis JT - Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD JID - 9111474 RN - EC 3.4.21.- (Proprotein Convertase 9) RN - EC 3.4.21.- (PCSK9 protein, human) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Lipids) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - *Proprotein Convertase 9/blood MH - Child MH - Female MH - Male MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - *Dyslipidemias/blood/diagnosis/epidemiology MH - Italy/epidemiology MH - Risk Assessment MH - Age Factors MH - *Metabolic Syndrome/blood/diagnosis/epidemiology MH - Up-Regulation MH - Lipids/blood MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - *Cardiovascular Diseases/blood/diagnosis/epidemiology MH - Ambulatory Care Facilities MH - Cross-Sectional Studies OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent OT - Atherogenic lipoproteins OT - Childhood OT - PCSK9 OT - Youth COIS- Declaration of competing interest All the authors have nothing to declare. EDAT- 2026/04/22 00:37 MHDA- 2026/08/06 11:36 CRDT- 2026/04/21 21:53 PHST- 2026/01/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/06 11:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/22 00:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/21 21:53 [entrez] AID - S0939-4753(26)00216-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.numecd.2026.104754 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2026 Sep;36(9):104754. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2026.104754. Epub 2026 Apr 8. PMID- 42013650 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260715 IS - 1878-5506 (Electronic) IS - 1389-9457 (Linking) VI - 144 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Distinct forms of childhood maltreatment and their associations with subjective and objective sleep during pregnancy. PG - 108951 LID - S1389-9457(26)00190-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.sleep.2026.108951 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: To examine the associations between distinct forms of childhood maltreatment and subjective/objective sleep during the second trimester of pregnancy. METHODS: Seventy-two pregnant women (n = 42 with an history of childhood maltreatment) were assessed between 18 and 20 weeks of gestation, a period considered relatively stable within pregnancy. Sleep was evaluated using both subjective and objective measures. Subjective sleep was measured using two validated self-report questionnaires, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Objective sleep was measured using actigraphy (Mini-Mitter/Respironics) worn on the non-dominant wrist for seven consecutive days, accompanied by daily sleep diaries. Linear regression models were used to test associations between five distinct forms of childhood maltreatment (physical neglect, emotional neglect, physical abuse, emotional abuse, and sexual abuse) and sleep parameters (subjective and objective measures). Analyses were conducted using both dichotomous exposure scores (yes/no based on validated cutoffs) and continuous severity scores. All models simultaneously controlled for other forms of childhood maltreatment types, maternal education and household income. RESULTS: Pregnant women with a history of childhood emotional abuse reported significantly poorer subjective sleep, reflected in a 2-point higher on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality score (2.0 +/- .9, p = .03) compared to pregnant women without such histories. Objective actigraphy data indicated that pregnant women with a history of childhood sexual abuse obtained approximately 1 h less nighttime sleep (-62.1 +/- 20.3 min, p = .003) compared to pregnant women who did not report childhood sexual abuse. Analyses using continuous severity scores for each childhood maltreatment type yielded consistent findings. CONCLUSIONS: Distinct forms of childhood maltreatment appear to have different associations with subjective and objective sleep during pregnancy. These findings underscore the importance of replication in larger and more diverse samples, as well as the need for studies that monitor sleep across pregnancy to clarify mechanisms and inform trauma-informed approaches to perinatal sleep health. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Touchette, Evelyne AU - Touchette E AD - Department of Psychoeducation, Universite du Quebec a Trois-Rivieres, Quebec, Canada; Centre de recherche universitaire sur les jeunes et les familles, Quebec, Canada; Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment, Quebec, Canada; Centre d'etudes interdisciplinaires sur le developpement de l'enfant et la famille, Universite du Quebec a Trois-Rivieres, Quebec, Canada. Electronic address: Evelyne.Touchette@uqtr.ca. FAU - Zaine, Y-Lane Noemie AU - Zaine YN AD - Centre de recherche universitaire sur les jeunes et les familles, Quebec, Canada; Department of Psychoeducation, Universite de Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada; Centre de recherche interdisciplinaire sur les problemes conjugaux et les agressions sexuelles, Quebec, Canada. FAU - Garon-Bissonnette, Julia AU - Garon-Bissonnette J AD - Peabody College of Education and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA. FAU - Lemieux, Roxanne AU - Lemieux R AD - Centre d'etudes interdisciplinaires sur le developpement de l'enfant et la famille, Universite du Quebec a Trois-Rivieres, Quebec, Canada; Centre de recherche interdisciplinaire sur les problemes conjugaux et les agressions sexuelles, Quebec, Canada; Department of Nursing Sciences, Universite du Quebec a Trois-Rivieres, Quebec, Canada. FAU - Berthelot, Nicolas AU - Berthelot N AD - Centre d'etudes interdisciplinaires sur le developpement de l'enfant et la famille, Universite du Quebec a Trois-Rivieres, Quebec, Canada; Centre de recherche interdisciplinaire sur les problemes conjugaux et les agressions sexuelles, Quebec, Canada; Department of Nursing Sciences, Universite du Quebec a Trois-Rivieres, Quebec, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260407 PL - Netherlands TA - Sleep Med JT - Sleep medicine JID - 100898759 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - Adult MH - Actigraphy MH - *Sleep Quality MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Sleep/physiology MH - Self Report MH - Pregnancy Trimester, Second MH - Sleep Duration MH - *Adult Survivors of Child Abuse/psychology MH - *Sleep Wake Disorders MH - *Child Abuse/psychology MH - *Pregnancy Complications/psychology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Actigraphy OT - Epworth sleepiness scale OT - Pittsburgh sleep quality index OT - Sleep OT - Trauma and pregnancy COIS- Declaration of competing interest No conflict of interest has been declared by the authors. EDAT- 2026/04/22 00:35 MHDA- 2026/05/25 06:31 CRDT- 2026/04/21 18:06 PHST- 2025/09/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/25 06:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/22 00:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/21 18:06 [entrez] AID - S1389-9457(26)00190-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.sleep.2026.108951 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Sleep Med. 2026 Aug;144:108951. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2026.108951. Epub 2026 Apr 7. PMID- 42013312 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260915 LR - 20260917 IS - 1945-7189 (Electronic) IS - 0163-769X (Print) IS - 0163-769X (Linking) VI - 47 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Sep 16 TI - Glycated CD59: a novel biomarker for gestational diabetes. PG - 565-576 LID - 10.1210/endrev/bnag010 [doi] AB - Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), defined as glucose intolerance that starts during pregnancy, represents a major public health challenge because it is a major cause of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes and presents a significantly high risk of diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular disease for both the mother and the infant. The diagnosis of GDM is currently made through oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT); other markers of glycemic control have notably failed for GDM diagnosis. Since the treatment of GDM reduces the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes, screening for GDM with OGTTs in pregnancy weeks 24 to 28 is the standard of care in most nations worldwide. However, universal screening is difficult to achieve due, in part, to the fact that OGTTs are cumbersome and uncomfortable. Thus, the importance of detecting glucose intolerance in pregnant women, the possibility of reducing with treatment the associated risks, the low sensitivity of glycemic markers in pregnancy, and the multiple problems associated with OGTTs highlight the significance of exploring alternative screening/diagnostic methods that are sensitive, accurate, and well-tolerated by patients. In this review, we summarize our discovery, development, and clinical validation in six human studies of plasma glycated CD59 (pGCD59), the glucose-modified form of the key complement inhibitor CD59, as a biomarker for screening, diagnosis, and monitoring of GDM. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Endocrine Society. FAU - Toth Castillo, Michelle AU - Toth Castillo M AD - Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. FAU - Drayton Powell, Shauntina AU - Drayton Powell S AD - Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. FAU - Biermann, Amy AU - Biermann A AD - Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. FAU - Torrey, Julia AU - Torrey J AD - Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. FAU - Luque-Fernandez, Miguel Angel AU - Luque-Fernandez MA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6683-5164 AD - Department of Biostatistics, University of Granada, Granada, Spain. FAU - Halperin, Jose AU - Halperin J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4749-5285 AD - Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. LA - eng GR - DK136617/NH/NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 DK136617/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - DK101442/NH/NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 DK118528/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - R56 DK089206/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - DK095424/NH/NIH HHS/United States GR - DK062294/NH/NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 DK101442/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - DK089206/NH/NIH HHS/United States GR - DK118528/NH/NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - United States TA - Endocr Rev JT - Endocrine reviews JID - 8006258 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (CD59 Antigens) RN - 0 (Glycation End Products, Advanced) RN - 101754-01-2 (CD59 protein, human) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *Diabetes, Gestational/diagnosis/blood MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - *CD59 Antigens/blood/metabolism MH - Glycation End Products, Advanced MH - Glucose Tolerance Test PMC - PMC13577763 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CD59 and glycated CD59 OT - biomarkers OT - complement system OT - gestational diabetes mellitus OT - pregnancy-induced glucose intolerance EDAT- 2026/04/21 18:33 MHDA- 2026/09/16 03:34 PMCR- 2026/04/21 CRDT- 2026/04/21 15:03 PHST- 2025/05/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/16 03:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/21 18:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/21 15:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 8660315 [pii] AID - bnag010 [pii] AID - 10.1210/endrev/bnag010 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Endocr Rev. 2026 Sep 16;47(5):565-576. doi: 10.1210/endrev/bnag010. PMID- 42012383 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260708 LR - 20260813 IS - 1558-9110 (Electronic) IS - 1058-0360 (Print) IS - 1058-0360 (Linking) VI - 35 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Jul 8 TI - How Do Infants Eat at Home? A Preliminary Study of Complementary Feeding Skills in the Naturalistic Environment. PG - 1451-1464 LID - 10.1044/2026_AJSLP-25-00409 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: Understanding feeding development is essential for improving the targeted management of pediatric feeding disorder (PFD), but information is scarce on how infants develop complementary feeding skills in their natural environments. This cross-sectional observational study was a first step toward (a) assessing the feasibility of characterizing infant feeding experiences in the home environment and (b) determining the concurrent predictors of infant complementary feeding skills using a dynamic systems approach. METHOD: Thirty-six 6- to 8-month-old infants and their caregivers participated; this sample was loaded with 11 infants considered "at risk" of developing feeding disorders due to experience in the neonatal intensive care unit. Feeding was assessed with the Oral Feeding Skills Scale (OFS-S) and an eating efficiency measure, extracted from caregiver-recorded videos of typical meals at home. Caregivers completed surveys and interviews to qualitatively characterize the infants' typical home feeding environment and infant experiences. Developmental covariates were assessed via standardized tests, and analyses included hierarchical logistic regressions. RESULTS: All enrolled families completed all components of data collection, and data analysis was found to be valid and reliable using caregiver-recorded methods in the home setting. Infants demonstrated a wide range of feeding experiences and variable complementary feeding skills (OFS-S scores of 15.67-52.67), with significant differences between risk groups (t = 4.39, p < .001); infants in the at-risk group demonstrated less skills and more variability. Risk group (p < .00015) and weeks of feeding experience (p < .0026) were the best concurrent predictors of infant oral-motor complementary feeding skills at 6-8 months of age. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides new evidence that it is feasible to observe infant complementary feeding skills in the home environment, and infants at risk for feeding disorders demonstrate complementary feeding skills different from those of low-risk peers. Future studies should include more infants in a longitudinal design to tease out influences on development, with the aim of early identification and treatment of PFD. SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL: https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.32034999. FAU - Arkenberg, Rachel Hahn AU - Arkenberg RH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9406-2004 AD - Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN. AD - Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN. FAU - Delaney, Amy AU - Delaney A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4731-9038 AD - Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI. FAU - Seidl, Amanda AU - Seidl A AD - Department of Communication Sciences & Disorders, University of Delaware, Newark. FAU - Moding, Kameron AU - Moding K AD - Department of Human Development and Family Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN. FAU - Hustad, Katherine AU - Hustad K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8544-7754 AD - Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Wisconsin-Madison. FAU - Craig, Bruce AU - Craig B AD - Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN. FAU - Malandraki, Georgia A AU - Malandraki GA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7599-7728 AD - Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN. AD - Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260421 PL - United States TA - Am J Speech Lang Pathol JT - American journal of speech-language pathology JID - 9114726 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - Female MH - Male MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - *Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena MH - Preliminary Data MH - *Infant Behavior MH - *Child Development MH - Caregivers MH - Feasibility Studies MH - Sucking Behavior MH - *Feeding and Eating Disorders of Childhood/diagnosis/physiopathology/psychology PMC - PMC13361701 EDAT- 2026/04/21 18:34 MHDA- 2026/07/08 18:51 PMCR- 2026/04/21 CRDT- 2026/04/21 10:14 PHST- 2026/07/08 18:51 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/21 18:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/21 10:14 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 23814764000300140072 [pii] AID - 10.1044/2026_AJSLP-25-00409 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 2026 Jul 8;35(4):1451-1464. doi: 10.1044/2026_AJSLP-25-00409. Epub 2026 Apr 21. PMID- 42012091 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260715 IS - 1475-097X (Electronic) IS - 1475-0961 (Linking) VI - 46 IP - 3 DP - 2026 May TI - Lung function and exercise capacity in single ventricle patients post Fontan palliation and potential role of diaphragm ultrasound imaging. PG - e70063 LID - 10.1111/cpf.70063 [doi] AB - AIMS: Patients with Fontan circulation have reduced functional capacity, due to a reduced cardiac output, but also to an abnormal lung function and respiratory muscle weakness. This study aimed to assess lung function and exercise capacity in a cohort of patients with Fontan circulation and evaluate the prognostic impact of restrictive lung function (RLF). In addition, diaphragmatic ultrasound (DUS) investigated diaphragmatic function in a subgroup of patients. METHODS: Patients with Fontan palliation who underwent lung function evaluation were included. A subgroup of patients additionally underwent DUS to assess diaphragmatic function. RESULTS: The study population consisted of 53 post-Fontan patients (mean age 25 +/- 10 years). Exercise capacity was reduced, with a median peak VO(2) of 18.4 mL/kg/min (IQR 14.7-22.6). Oxygen pulse was reduced and flattened, and ventilatory efficiency was impaired (mean VE/VCO(2) slope 36 +/- 7), without evidence of mechanical ventilatory limitation. Spirometry revealed RLF in 48% of patients. RLF was associated with lower peripheral oxygen saturation, diuretic therapy use, and lower engagement in regular physical activity. Moreover, RLF was significantly associated with adverse events at follow-up (chi(2): 6.8, p = 0.004). Diaphragm ultrasound (DUS), performed in 10 patients, showed abnormal function of at least one hemidiaphragm in most cases. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with Fontan circulation exhibit a markedly reduced exercise functional capacity resulting from a complex interplay between cardiac, pulmonary, and peripheral factors. Restrictive lung function was associated with increased need for diuretic therapy and lower levels of physical activity. Abnormal diaphragmatic function was frequently observed and may represent a potentially modifiable contributor to functional limitation warranting further investigation. CI - (c) 2026 Scandinavian Society of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine. FAU - Festa Cilveti, Paula AU - Festa Cilveti P AD - School of Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy. FAU - Marrone, Chiara AU - Marrone C AD - Pediatric Cardiology and Adult Congenital Heart Disease, Gabriele Monasterio Foundation, Massa, Italy. FAU - Ait-Ali, Lamia AU - Ait-Ali L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1672-5308 AD - Pediatric Cardiology and Adult Congenital Heart Disease, Gabriele Monasterio Foundation, Massa, Italy. AD - Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council of Italy, CNR Massa, Italy. FAU - Bastiani, Luca AU - Bastiani L AD - Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council of Italy, CNR Massa, Italy. FAU - Simonini, Ludovica AU - Simonini L AD - Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council of Italy, CNR Massa, Italy. FAU - Passino, Claudio AU - Passino C AD - Clinical Research Unit, Gabriele Monasterio Foundation, Pisa, Italy. FAU - Mannucci, Francesca AU - Mannucci F AD - Pneumologia Territoriale Valli Etrusche, Azienda Toscana Nord Ovest, Pisa, Italy. AD - Respiratory Department, Gabriele Monasterio Foundation, Pisa, Italy. FAU - Celi, Alessandro AU - Celi A AD - Department of Surgery, Medicine, Molecular Biology and Critical Care, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy. FAU - Festa, Pierluigi AU - Festa P AD - Pediatric Cardiology and Adult Congenital Heart Disease, Gabriele Monasterio Foundation, Massa, Italy. FAU - Catapano, Giosue AU - Catapano G AD - Respiratory Department, Gabriele Monasterio Foundation, Pisa, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Clin Physiol Funct Imaging JT - Clinical physiology and functional imaging JID - 101137604 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Fontan Procedure/adverse effects MH - Male MH - Female MH - Ultrasonography MH - *Diaphragm/diagnostic imaging/physiopathology MH - Adult MH - *Exercise Tolerance MH - *Lung/physiopathology/diagnostic imaging MH - Treatment Outcome MH - Young Adult MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - Adolescent MH - *Heart Defects, Congenital/surgery/physiopathology/diagnostic imaging MH - Time Factors MH - *Univentricular Heart/surgery/physiopathology/diagnostic imaging MH - Recovery of Function MH - Exercise Test MH - Palliative Care OTO - NOTNLM OT - Fontan circulation OT - diaphragmatic ultrasound OT - lung function OT - restrictive lung function EDAT- 2026/04/21 13:11 MHDA- 2026/04/22 00:36 CRDT- 2026/04/21 08:43 PHST- 2026/02/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/10/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/22 00:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/21 13:11 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/21 08:43 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/cpf.70063 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Clin Physiol Funct Imaging. 2026 May;46(3):e70063. doi: 10.1111/cpf.70063. PMID- 42011405 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260421 LR - 20260813 IS - 2667-3681 (Electronic) IS - 2667-3681 (Linking) VI - 18 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Obesity care education in Canadian medical schools: A multi-site qualitative study. PG - 100259 LID - 10.1016/j.obpill.2026.100259 [doi] LID - 100259 AB - BACKGROUND: Many medical professionals and trainees do not feel comfortable providing care for obesity. Therefore, there is a need to improve the standards of obesity education and medical curriculum in Canada. Our study aims to determine how obesity care is currently taught and to identify the perceived most effective teaching methods for improving obesity care education in Canadian medical schools. METHODS: Our study employs a cross-sectional design and is guided by constructivist grounded theory, which posits that the interpretation of study results is shaped by the researcher. Attempts to recruit participants were made at 8 of 14 English-speaking medical schools across Canada. A total of n = 17 participants from 4 of these schools are represented in our study. Focus groups with third- and fourth-year Canadian medical students were conducted to identify strategies to improve the delivery of obesity care education. Focus group questions were developed by a medical professional and researcher, and face validity was conferred. Transcripts were anonymized using MacWhisper (Version 12.17), verified for accuracy, and analyzed thematically and content-analytically using Atlas.ti (V.25). RESULTS: Focus group data yielded four main themes-Theme 1: Preceptors lack the knowledge and skills to teach students effective obesity care, which can perpetuate the idea that engagement in obesity care/management is undervalued and contributes to ongoing stigma and health inequities faced by people living with obesity. Theme 2: The medical curriculum and assessment do not emphasize deliberate curricula in obesity care, integrated obesity care across curricula and conditions, given its impact on comorbidities. Theme 3: Students are generally not comfortable with pediatric obesity care because it is not taught. Theme 4: Obesity curricula employ multi-component teaching methods. CONCLUSION: Our study identifies methods to improve obesity care education across Canadian medical schools. While multiple methods of curriculum delivery are effective, ensuring that instructors are proficient and stigma-free in delivering obesity-related topics is essential. CI - (c) 2026 The Authors. FAU - Delaney, Kerri Z AU - Delaney KZ AD - The Dr. Gilles Arcand Centre for Health Equity, Sudbury & Thunder Bay, ON, Canada. AD - The Northern Ontario School of Medicine University, Sudbury & Thunder Bay, ON, Canada. AD - Department of Family Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada. FAU - Shrestha, Lucy AU - Shrestha L AD - The Dr. Gilles Arcand Centre for Health Equity, Sudbury & Thunder Bay, ON, Canada. AD - The Northern Ontario School of Medicine University, Sudbury & Thunder Bay, ON, Canada. FAU - Nagpal, Taniya S AU - Nagpal TS AD - Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, AB, Canada. FAU - Geddie, Hannah AU - Geddie H AD - Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada. FAU - Tenedero, Christine AU - Tenedero C AD - Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada. FAU - Wicklum, Sonja AU - Wicklum S AD - Department of Family Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. FAU - Piccinini-Vallis, Helena AU - Piccinini-Vallis H AD - Department of Family Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada. FAU - Pearce, Nicole AU - Pearce N AD - Obesity Canada, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. FAU - McMillan, Michelle AU - McMillan M AD - Obesity Canada, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. FAU - Zevin, Boris AU - Zevin B AD - Department of Surgery at Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada. FAU - Vallis, Michael AU - Vallis M AD - Department of Family Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada. FAU - Sockalingam, Sanjeev AU - Sockalingam S AD - Obesity Canada, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. AD - Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada. AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. FAU - Cameron, Erin AU - Cameron E AD - The Dr. Gilles Arcand Centre for Health Equity, Sudbury & Thunder Bay, ON, Canada. AD - The Northern Ontario School of Medicine University, Sudbury & Thunder Bay, ON, Canada. FAU - Abraham, Roshan AU - Abraham R AD - Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260318 PL - United States TA - Obes Pillars JT - Obesity pillars JID - 9918697364706676 PMC - PMC13091836 COIS- The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/04/21 13:11 MHDA- 2026/04/21 13:12 PMCR- 2026/03/18 CRDT- 2026/04/21 03:59 PHST- 2026/02/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/21 13:12 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/21 13:11 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/21 03:59 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2667-3681(26)00015-X [pii] AID - 100259 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.obpill.2026.100259 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Obes Pillars. 2026 Mar 18;18:100259. doi: 10.1016/j.obpill.2026.100259. eCollection 2026 Jun. PMID- 42010697 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260813 IS - 1745-6215 (Electronic) IS - 1745-6215 (Linking) VI - 27 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 20 TI - EMERGE Mothers and Kids: a longitudinal cohort study of mothers and children enrolled in the randomized placebo-controlled trial of metformin in women with GDM (EMERGE): study protocol. LID - 10.1186/s13063-026-09703-6 [doi] LID - 405 AB - BACKGROUND: Pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are associated with increased risks of adverse perinatal outcomes and with long-term metabolic and cardiovascular consequences for both mother and child. The original EMERGE randomized controlled trial (RCT) evaluated the effectiveness of early metformin in addition to usual care in women with GDM on glycemic control and perinatal outcomes. The primary objective of the EMERGE Mothers and Kids study is to evaluate long-term maternal cardiometabolic health and child anthropometric and neurodevelopmental outcomes following participation in the EMERGE trial. METHODS: This is a prospective, observational longitudinal cohort follow-up study of women and their children previously enrolled in the EMERGE trial (NCT06327191). Participants are invited to attend a follow-up visit in a single-site hospital-based clinical research setting at the Clinical Research Facility Galway, Ireland. Key inclusion criteria are women and their children who participated in the EMERGE trial and consent to follow-up. Key exclusion criteria include participants who did not provide consent for future follow-up studies. The planned follow-up sample is a pragmatic convenience sample of up to 321 mother-child pairs. A single follow-up visit will be conducted up to 6 years after the index pregnancy. Maternal assessments include anthropometric data, glucose tolerance, and metabolic parameters. Child assessments include growth metrics, adiposity measured via skinfold thickness, and neurodevelopmental status assessed through validated questionnaires. Additional data on quality of life, mental health, breastfeeding, and health economics will also be collected. DISCUSSION: This study aims to provide insights into the long-term safety and efficacy of metformin use during pregnancy, addressing the evidence gap in maternal cardiometabolic outcomes after metformin-treated GDM while also assessing child anthropometric and neurodevelopmental outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06327191. Registered on November 21, 2023. First planned enrollment in this follow-up study: July 2024. Trial record available at https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06327191 . CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Scairati, Roberta AU - Scairati R AD - HRB Clinical Research Facility Galway, University of Galway, Galway City, Co Galway, Ireland. AD - Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. FAU - Newman, Christine AU - Newman C AD - HRB Clinical Research Facility Galway, University of Galway, Galway City, Co Galway, Ireland. cnewman@universityofgalway.ie. AD - College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway City, Co Galway, Ireland. cnewman@universityofgalway.ie. AD - Galway University Hospital, Newcastle Road, Galway City, Co Galway, Ireland. cnewman@universityofgalway.ie. AD - Institute for Clinical Trials, University of Galway, Galway City, Co Galway, Ireland. cnewman@universityofgalway.ie. AD - Clinical Trial Network Diabetes, University of Galway, Galway City, Co Galway, Ireland. cnewman@universityofgalway.ie. FAU - Alvarez-Iglesias, Alberto AU - Alvarez-Iglesias A AD - HRB Clinical Research Facility Galway, University of Galway, Galway City, Co Galway, Ireland. FAU - Smyth, Andrew AU - Smyth A AD - HRB Clinical Research Facility Galway, University of Galway, Galway City, Co Galway, Ireland. AD - College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway City, Co Galway, Ireland. AD - Galway University Hospital, Newcastle Road, Galway City, Co Galway, Ireland. FAU - O'Shea, Paula M AU - O'Shea PM AD - College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway City, Co Galway, Ireland. FAU - Devane, Declan AU - Devane D AD - HRB Clinical Research Facility Galway, University of Galway, Galway City, Co Galway, Ireland. AD - HRB Trials Methodology Research Network, University of Galway, Galway City, Co Galway, Ireland. FAU - Gillespie, Paddy AU - Gillespie P AD - School of Business and Economics, University of Galway, Galway City, Co Galway, Ireland. FAU - Egan, Aoife M AU - Egan AM AD - Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. FAU - O'Donnell, Martin AU - O'Donnell M AD - HRB Clinical Research Facility Galway, University of Galway, Galway City, Co Galway, Ireland. AD - College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway City, Co Galway, Ireland. AD - Galway University Hospital, Newcastle Road, Galway City, Co Galway, Ireland. AD - Institute for Clinical Trials, University of Galway, Galway City, Co Galway, Ireland. FAU - Dunne, Fidelma P AU - Dunne FP AD - HRB Clinical Research Facility Galway, University of Galway, Galway City, Co Galway, Ireland. AD - College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway City, Co Galway, Ireland. AD - Galway University Hospital, Newcastle Road, Galway City, Co Galway, Ireland. AD - Institute for Clinical Trials, University of Galway, Galway City, Co Galway, Ireland. AD - Clinical Trial Network Diabetes, University of Galway, Galway City, Co Galway, Ireland. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT06327191 PT - Clinical Trial Protocol PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260420 PL - England TA - Trials JT - Trials JID - 101263253 RN - 9100L32L2N (Metformin) RN - 0 (Hypoglycemic Agents) RN - 0 (Blood Glucose) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Metformin/therapeutic use/adverse effects/administration & dosage MH - Pregnancy MH - *Diabetes, Gestational/drug therapy/blood/diagnosis MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - *Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use/adverse effects/administration & dosage MH - Prospective Studies MH - Child Development MH - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic MH - Adult MH - Child MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Blood Glucose/drug effects/metabolism MH - Observational Studies as Topic MH - Time Factors MH - Infant MH - Child, Preschool MH - Treatment Outcome PMC - PMC13224567 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Gestational diabetes mellitus OT - Long-term follow-up OT - Metformin OT - Pregnancy OT - Randomized controlled trial COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study received ethical approval from the Galway Clinical Research Ethics Committee. Written informed consent was obtained at the time of original enrollment and reaffirmed at the follow-up visit (reference number CA 3024). Consent for publication: This manuscript does not contain any individual person's data in any form. Consent for publication is therefore not applicable. Results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at international conferences. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. The study received funding from Merck Healthcare KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany, which had no involvement in the design, analysis, or reporting of the study. EDAT- 2026/04/21 13:11 MHDA- 2026/06/01 00:32 PMCR- 2026/04/20 CRDT- 2026/04/21 00:19 PHST- 2025/09/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/01 00:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/21 13:11 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/21 00:19 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s13063-026-09703-6 [pii] AID - 9703 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s13063-026-09703-6 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Trials. 2026 Apr 20;27(1):405. doi: 10.1186/s13063-026-09703-6. PMID- 42010512 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260627 LR - 20260813 IS - 1471-2393 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2393 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 20 TI - AI-powered population-based birth cohort study in the Western Province of Sri Lanka: study protocol. LID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09098-x [doi] LID - 616 AB - BACKGROUND: Despite Sri Lanka's long-standing success in reducing maternal and neonatal mortality, progress has stagnated in recent decades. Conventional surveillance systems lack granular, real-time data to predict and prevent adverse outcomes. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transformative potential to improve risk prediction, early detection, and proactive management of maternal and neonatal complications. METHODS: This prospective birth cohort study will recruit 2,000 pregnant women in different stages of gestation across all 54 divisional health areas (DHA) in the Western Province, Sri Lanka. Data will be collected using an Electronic Health Record (EHR) System named 'Maathru', together with a companion mobile application designed for pregnant women. Data collection will span from the antenatal period through six weeks postpartum. The mobile app captures patient reported data such as information on contraction frequency, general health status, danger signs, heavy physical activity, exposure to violence, sexual activity, and substance use directly from the pregnant mothers. The data gathered from the EHR will be used in the training of AI algorithms to predict key maternal and neonatal outcomes, including postpartum haemorrhage, preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, need for labour induction, gestational diabetes mellitus, caesarean section, postpartum depression, preterm birth, low birth weight, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) admission, and feeding difficulties. An iterative process will be adopted in training the algorithm. The AI models were selected based on prior literature and evidence from related studies. The design of the EHR will facilitate integration of the trained AI models, which will then contribute to clinical decision making process supporting the field staff and alerting system for health professionals within the Maathru system and the mobile app respectively. DISCUSSION: The study seeks to demonstrate feasibility and validity of AI-powered predictive analytics within routine field-based maternal and child health (MCH) workflows. The mobile application enhance the communication, and monitor maternal well-being. It aims to create a scalable platform for national-level implementation, generate disaggregated data for maternal and neonatal health, and strengthen evidence-based decision making to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) related to maternal and neonatal mortality reduction. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Not applicable (observational study). FAU - Jayaratne, Kapila AU - Jayaratne K AD - Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka. FAU - Hettiarachchi, Dineshani AU - Hettiarachchi D AD - Department of Anatomy, Genetics and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka. dineshani@anat.cmb.ac.lk. FAU - Rajapaksha, Rasika AU - Rajapaksha R AD - Faculty of Computing and Technology, University of Kelaniya, Kelaniya, Sri Lanka. FAU - Siribaddana, Pandula AU - Siribaddana P AD - Postgraduate Institute of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka. FAU - Rishard, Mohamed AU - Rishard M AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka. FAU - Pushpakumara, Chamli AU - Pushpakumara C AD - Faculty of Computing and Technology, University of Kelaniya, Kelaniya, Sri Lanka. FAU - Chathurangana, Prasad AU - Chathurangana P AD - Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka. FAU - Dissanayake, Vajira H W AU - Dissanayake VHW AD - Department of Anatomy, Genetics and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260420 PL - England TA - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth JT - BMC pregnancy and childbirth JID - 100967799 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Sri Lanka/epidemiology MH - Pregnancy MH - Prospective Studies MH - Electronic Health Records MH - *Artificial Intelligence MH - Infant, Newborn MH - *Pregnancy Complications/diagnosis/epidemiology MH - Mobile Applications MH - Pregnancy Outcome MH - Research Design PMC - PMC13237931 OTO - NOTNLM OT - AI-powered predictive mobile app OT - Adverse pregnancy outcomes OT - Artificial Intelligence in Maternal Health OT - Birth cohort study OT - Electronic Health Records OT - Machine learning OT - Predictive Modeling in Obstetrics OT - Sri Lanka COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Granted by the Ethics Review Committee, Health Informatics Society of Sri Lanka (HISSL). Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Ethics Review Committee of the Health Informatics Society of Sri Lanka (HISSL), under reference number 2024-001 (approved on 27 February 2025). The study is conducted in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations, including the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants prior to enrolment in the study. Participant confidentiality and data privacy will be strictly maintained throughout the study using anonymization, secure data storage, and restricted access protocols. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/21 13:11 MHDA- 2026/06/28 04:09 PMCR- 2026/04/20 CRDT- 2026/04/21 00:06 PHST- 2026/03/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/28 04:09 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/21 13:11 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/21 00:06 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09098-x [pii] AID - 9098 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09098-x [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2026 Apr 20;26(1):616. doi: 10.1186/s12884-026-09098-x. PMID- 42010166 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260626 LR - 20261010 IS - 1433-3023 (Electronic) IS - 0937-3462 (Linking) VI - 37 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Compartment-Specific Associations Between Perineal Body Length and Pelvic Organ Prolapse in Postpartum Women. PG - 1819-1829 LID - 10.1007/s00192-026-06563-1 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: Pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) is common after childbirth, but the role of perineal body dimensions in compartment-specific prolapse remains unclear. To investigate the association between perineal body length and various types of pelvic floor dysfunction in postpartum women, with emphasis on compartment-specific effects. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 182 women assessed 30-90 days postpartum at a specialized pelvic floor clinic. Trained examiners measured perineal body length; outcomes assessed were anterior/posterior wall prolapse, uterine prolapse, stress urinary incontinence (SUI), and pelvic floor muscle weakness. Multivariable logistic regression (adjusted for age, pre-pregnancy BMI, delivery mode, postpartum days) was performed. Examiners were partially blinded. RESULTS: Perineal body length showed compartment-specific prolapse associations: longer length was inversely associated with posterior wall prolapse (OR 0.544, 95% CI 0.313-0.943, P = 0.030) but positively associated with anterior wall prolapse (OR 3.558, 95% CI 1.133-11.167, P = 0.030; exploratory due to a few non-cases and wide CIs). No significant associations were observed with SUI, muscle weakness, or uterine prolapse. Sensitivity analysis including 16 additional women assessed after 90 days (total n = 198) showed consistent results. CONCLUSIONS: Perineal body length is differentially associated with anterior and posterior prolapse, reflecting compartment-specific pelvic floor support. The cross-sectional design and lack of pre-delivery measurements mean findings are associative (not causal) and should be validated in larger prospective studies. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive license to International Urogynecological Association. FAU - Liu, Yun AU - Liu Y AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, GuangDong Province, China. AD - Pelvic Floor Disorders Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, GuangDong Province, China. FAU - He, Juan AU - He J AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, GuangDong Province, China. AD - Pelvic Floor Disorders Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, GuangDong Province, China. FAU - Fei, Hui AU - Fei H AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, GuangDong Province, China. AD - Pelvic Floor Disorders Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, GuangDong Province, China. FAU - Li, Tian AU - Li T AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, GuangDong Province, China. litian@sysush.com. AD - Pelvic Floor Disorders Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, GuangDong Province, China. litian@sysush.com. LA - eng GR - JCYJ20250604143739051/Shenzhen Basic Research Special Fund Project for Natural Science Research/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260420 PL - England TA - Int Urogynecol J JT - International urogynecology journal JID - 101567041 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Perineum/anatomy & histology/pathology MH - Adult MH - *Pelvic Organ Prolapse/etiology/pathology MH - Postpartum Period MH - Pelvic Floor/physiopathology MH - Urinary Incontinence, Stress/etiology MH - Uterine Prolapse/etiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Compartment-specific support OT - Pelvic floor dysfunction OT - Pelvic organ prolapse OT - Perineal body OT - Postpartum COIS- Declarations. Ethics Approval: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun yet-san University. Conflicts of interest: None. EDAT- 2026/04/21 07:11 MHDA- 2026/06/27 00:50 CRDT- 2026/04/20 23:39 PHST- 2025/11/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 00:50 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/21 07:11 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/20 23:39 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00192-026-06563-1 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00192-026-06563-1 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int Urogynecol J. 2026 Jun;37(6):1819-1829. doi: 10.1007/s00192-026-06563-1. Epub 2026 Apr 20. PMID- 42009570 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260420 IS - 1468-201X (Electronic) IS - 1355-6037 (Linking) DP - 2026 Apr 20 TI - Home-based, online-monitored high-intensity interval training improves fitness in patients with tetralogy of Fallot: a randomised controlled trial. LID - heartjnl-2025-327201 [pii] LID - 10.1136/heartjnl-2025-327201 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Reduced exercise performance is common in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (rToF) and relates to adverse outcomes. The effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in rToF are unknown. Furthermore, it is unknown if home-based, online-monitored exercise training is effective in rToF. We aimed to examine the feasibility, safety and effects of home-based HIIT in patients with rToF. METHODS: Patients aged 12-30 years (n=34, median age 16 (IQR 14-23)) with rToF were randomised to a 12-week home-based HIIT programme or standard of care (SOC). HIIT was prescribed in three 30 min sessions/week, with heart rate telemonitoring. SOC included exercise as usual. Co-primary end points were mean differences in peak oxygen consumption (VO2) and maximal workload, analysed using linear mixed-effects (LME) models. Secondary end points were: echocardiography, ECG and MRI-derived measures of cardiac structure and function. RESULTS: No serious adverse events occurred. After HIIT, peak VO2 increased from 38.3 (34.0-42.5) mL/kg/min to 40.9 (36.6-45.2) mL/kg/min (∆ 4.0 mL/kg/min, compared with control period (95% CI 1.52 to 6.53)), workload increased from 204 (174-234) W to 218 (188-248) W (∆ 17 W, compared with control period (95% CI 5 to 30)). No changes in cardiac volumes and ejection fraction were observed after HIIT. VO2 improved after HIIT independent of baseline fitness, body mass index and biventricular size. Notably, lower right ventricular ejection fraction (RV EF) was associated with greater improvement. CONCLUSION: HIIT significantly enhances exercise capacity in adolescents and young adults with rToF without adverse effects on cardiac structure or function, although the sample size limits the detection of subtle changes and can be successfully performed at home with online monitoring. This intervention offers a feasible alternative to traditional, on-site supervised exercise programmes, for patients with rToF, including those with lower RV EF. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NTR2731. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ Group. FAU - van Genuchten, Wouter Jeroen AU - van Genuchten WJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7882-1162 AD - Department of Paediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Erasmus MC Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - Fejzic, Zina AU - Fejzic Z AD - Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. FAU - Kauling, Robert M AU - Kauling RM AD - Department of Cardiology, Thorax Center, Cardiovascular Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - Koopman, Laurens AU - Koopman L AD - Department of Paediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Erasmus MC Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - van Deutekom, Arend W AU - van Deutekom AW AD - Department of Paediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Erasmus MC Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - van Dijk, Arie P AU - van Dijk AP AD - Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. FAU - van den Berg, Linda Elisabeth AU - van den Berg LE AD - Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - Bartelds, Beatrijs AU - Bartelds B AD - Department of Paediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Erasmus MC Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - Boersma, Eric AU - Boersma E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1159-7802 AD - Department of Cardiology, Thorax Center, Cardiovascular Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - Snoeren, Miranda AU - Snoeren M AD - Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. FAU - Hirsch, Alexander AU - Hirsch A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3315-2006 AD - Department of Cardiology, Thorax Center, Cardiovascular Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. AD - Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - Helbing, Willem A AU - Helbing WA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1023-1537 AD - Department of Paediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Erasmus MC Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands w.a.helbing@erasmusmc.nl. AD - Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260420 PL - England TA - Heart JT - Heart (British Cardiac Society) JID - 9602087 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Tetralogy of Fallot COIS- Competing interests: None declared. EDAT- 2026/04/21 13:11 MHDA- 2026/04/21 13:11 CRDT- 2026/04/20 21:42 PHST- 2025/09/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/21 13:11 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/21 13:11 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/20 21:42 [entrez] AID - heartjnl-2025-327201 [pii] AID - 10.1136/heartjnl-2025-327201 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Heart. 2026 Apr 20:heartjnl-2025-327201. doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2025-327201. PMID- 42009301 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260622 LR - 20260622 IS - 1555-0273 (Electronic) IS - 1555-0265 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul 1 TI - Can a Simple Trapezoidal Integration Approach Accurately Estimate the Supra-Critical Speed Distance Capacity of a Swimmer? PG - 831-836 LID - 10.1123/ijspp.2025-0372 [doi] AB - The 12 x 25-m swim test has become a key physiological monitoring and profiling tool within swimming networks to capture various performance insights (peak velocity, critical speed [CS], supra-CS distance capacity [D'], and anaerobic speed reserve) within one testing occasion. The D' output following the 12 x 25-m swim test is currently derived using software that requires specialised expertise, therefore inhibiting the accessibility of the test to pathways' level coaches and athletes. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to determine if trapezoidal integration (TI) could simply and accurately replace the model fit method to estimate D' following the 12 x 25-m swim test and improve the accessibility of the test for a wider cohort of practitioners. METHODS: Thirty-one national-level swimmers preparing for the Paris 2024 Olympic Trials consented for their 12 x 25-m data set to be retrieved. D' was calculated using both the model fit and TI approaches. Linear regression and pearson correlations examined the strength of the relationship and a paired t test and Bland-Altman plot determined the agreement between the 2 methodologies. RESULTS: A very strong, positive relationship was found between the model fit and TI D' calculations (r = .999, R2 = .999, P < .001), with a very small, nonsignificant difference of 0.040 m (d = 0.124, P = .495). CONCLUSIONS: TI is a valid replacement for the original model fit approach to estimate D' following the 12 x 25-m swim test. The swim test will no longer require specialised software and the accessibility of the test will increase to a wider cohort of swimming practitioners. FAU - Bulte, Karla R AU - Bulte KR AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-3363-2284 AD - Victorian Institute of Sport, Albert Park, VIC, Australia. AD - School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences,Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia. AD - Centre for Sport Research in the Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition,Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia. FAU - Mitchell, Lachlan L G AU - Mitchell LLG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1621-8026 AD - Victorian Institute of Sport, Albert Park, VIC, Australia. FAU - Siegel, Rodney AU - Siegel R AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-7277-8106 AD - School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences,Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia. FAU - Hunter, Adam AU - Hunter A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-4779-2593 AD - Australian Institute of Sport, Canberra, ACT, Australia. FAU - Brooks, Edward R AU - Brooks ER AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2649-9535 AD - Australian Institute of Sport, Canberra, ACT, Australia. FAU - Saunders, Philo U AU - Saunders PU AD - Australian Institute of Sport, Canberra, ACT, Australia. FAU - Hoffmann, Samantha M AU - Hoffmann SM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8824-7531 AD - School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences,Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia. AD - Centre for Sport Research in the Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition,Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260420 PL - United States TA - Int J Sports Physiol Perform JT - International journal of sports physiology and performance JID - 101276430 SB - IM MH - *Swimming/physiology MH - Humans MH - *Athletic Performance/physiology MH - Exercise Test MH - Area Under Curve MH - Models, Statistical MH - Male MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult OTO - NOTNLM OT - accessibility OT - anaerobic capacity OT - physiological profiling OT - physiological testing OT - validity EDAT- 2026/04/21 13:11 MHDA- 2026/06/16 18:34 CRDT- 2026/04/20 19:32 PHST- 2025/07/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/12/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/16 18:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/21 13:11 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/20 19:32 [entrez] AID - 10.1123/ijspp.2025-0372 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2026 Apr 20;21(7):831-836. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2025-0372. Print 2026 Jul 1. PMID- 42009101 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260814 IS - 1559-2030 (Electronic) IS - 1551-7144 (Linking) VI - 165 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Protocol for Afterschool Rx 2.0: A pilot randomized crossover trial to determine the feasibility of prescriptions to afterschool care for children with cardiovascular risk factors. PG - 108307 LID - S1551-7144(26)00093-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.cct.2026.108307 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: CVD risk factors in childhood, including obesity and hypertension, can be mitigated with physical activity and a healthy diet. Existing community-based afterschool programs provide an important opportunity to increase physical activity and improve cardiovascular health, but access remains limited for many families. The Afterschool Rx program enables healthcare providers to prescribe free afterschool care for children with CVD risk factors from families at or below 250% of the federal poverty level. METHODS: This study will employ an ORBIT Phase IIb randomized crossover design to conduct a preliminary trial of Afterschool Rx. Participating children (ages 5-11 years; n = 48) will be randomly assigned to receive a voucher for afterschool care at existing community-based programs (e.g., YMCA, Boys & Girls Clubs) along with enrollment assistance, in either the fall or spring semester, with the opposite semester serving as the comparison period (treatment as usual). Primary outcomes will examine the reach and potential for dissemination of the program using the PRISM/RE-AIM framework. Exploratory outcomes include health behaviors (e.g., physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep, screen use, and diet quality) and cardiovascular health indicators (e.g., cardiorespiratory fitness, blood glucose, blood pressure, HbA1c, and cholesterol levels). Exploratory analyses will examine within-person differences in change between semesters. DISCUSSION: This study will be the first randomized controlled trial to evaluate the reach and feasibility of disseminating afterschool care prescriptions as a clinical strategy for addressing cardiovascular risk factors. Results will inform further testing and development of the Afterschool Rx intervention. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - von Klinggraeff, Lauren AU - von Klinggraeff L AD - Augusta University, School of Public Health, Department of Community and Behavioral Health Sciences, United States of America. Electronic address: lvonklinggraeff@augusta.edu. FAU - Harris, Ryan A AU - Harris RA AD - Augusta University, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Prevention Institute, United States of America. Electronic address: RYHARRIS@augusta.edu. FAU - Estabrooks, Paul AU - Estabrooks P AD - University of Utah, College of Health, Department of Health and Kinesiology, United States of America. Electronic address: paul.estabrooks@health.utah.edu. FAU - Coughlin, Steven AU - Coughlin S AD - Augusta University, School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Data Science, & Epidemiology, United States of America. Electronic address: SCOUGHLIN@augusta.edu. FAU - Armstrong, Bridget AU - Armstrong B AD - University of South Carolina, Arnold School of Public Health, Department of Exercise Science, United States of America. Electronic address: BA12@mailbox.sc.edu. LA - eng PT - Clinical Trial Protocol PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260419 PL - United States TA - Contemp Clin Trials JT - Contemporary clinical trials JID - 101242342 SB - IM MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Blood Pressure MH - *Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control MH - Cross-Over Studies MH - Diet, Healthy MH - Exercise MH - Feasibility Studies MH - Health Behavior MH - Heart Disease Risk Factors MH - Hypertension MH - *Pediatric Obesity/prevention & control/therapy MH - Pilot Projects MH - Poverty MH - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic MH - Schools MH - Screen Time MH - Sedentary Behavior MH - Sleep MH - Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic OTO - NOTNLM OT - Afterschool OT - Cardiovascular risk factors OT - Health behaviors OT - Intervention OT - Physical activity OT - RE-AIM framework OT - children OT - intervetion OT - out of school time OT - pilot study OT - youth COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/04/21 13:11 MHDA- 2026/05/15 00:31 CRDT- 2026/04/20 19:11 PHST- 2025/09/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/15 00:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/21 13:11 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/20 19:11 [entrez] AID - S1551-7144(26)00093-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.cct.2026.108307 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Contemp Clin Trials. 2026 Jun;165:108307. doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2026.108307. Epub 2026 Apr 19. PMID- 42008820 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260602 LR - 20260602 IS - 1469-0705 (Electronic) IS - 0960-7692 (Linking) VI - 67 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Optimal umbilical artery Doppler chart for predicting placenta-mediated fetal growth restriction. PG - 783-794 LID - 10.1002/uog.70222 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To compare the predictive accuracy of selected umbilical artery (UA) pulsatility index (PI) reference charts for outcomes associated with placenta-mediated fetal growth restriction (FGR). METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study of individuals with a singleton pregnancy who underwent UA Doppler assessment >/= 20 weeks' gestation between January 2012 and December 2022 at a single tertiary referral center, at which UA Doppler is measured routinely regardless of fetal size. Using 10 different UA-PI reference charts, we compared the predictive accuracy of an abnormal UA-PI (> 95(th) percentile) for two primary outcomes that are considered specific and gestational-age-independent indicators of placenta-mediated FGR: (1) late-stage UA Doppler abnormalities (defined as absent or reversed end-diastolic flow); and (2) maternal vascular malperfusion (MVM) on placental pathology. We also investigated the ability of these 10 charts to predict the secondary outcome of composite adverse perinatal outcome, defined as the presence of at least one of the following: stillbirth, 5-min Apgar score < 7, UA pH < 7.1, need for neonatal resuscitation and/or admission to the neonatal intensive care unit. Generalized estimating equations were used to calculate the predictive accuracy of the UA-PI reference charts, accounting for repeated measurements within the same patient. To identify the best-performing reference chart, we ranked each chart based on its Youden index at the 95(th) percentile cut-off for UA-PI for the two primary outcomes. Given the distinct phenotypes of early- and late-onset FGR, we also performed an analysis stratified by gestational age at ultrasound examination (< 32 vs >/= 32 weeks). RESULTS: A total of 15 841 patients, with 38 398 ultrasound examinations, were included in the analysis. The proportion of small-for-gestational-age (SGA) fetuses classified as FGR based on an abnormal UA-PI varied widely depending on which reference chart was applied, ranging from 2.2% to 25.7%. Similarly, the predictive accuracy of the 10 different reference charts for placenta-mediated FGR outcomes differed considerably. The predictive performance for late-stage UA Doppler abnormalities varied substantially across charts, with sensitivity ranging from 20.7% to 76.3% and specificity from 75.2% to 98.0%. Likewise, for the prediction of MVM on placental pathology, the sensitivity of the charts ranged from 6.8% to 42.0% and specificity from 77.5% to 98.6%. For most of the charts, sensitivity and specificity remained comparable between the overall cohort and gestational-age subgroups. When ranked according to overall predictive performance for the two primary outcomes using the Youden index, the UA-PI reference charts of Rahimi et al., Drukker et al. and Flatley et al. demonstrated the best overall predictive accuracy. These same three charts retained the top performance ranking for the prediction of primary study outcomes in the subgroup of cases examined < 32 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: We observed substantial variation among 10 UA-PI reference charts in both the proportion of SGA fetuses classified as growth restricted and the predictive accuracy of each chart for outcomes considered specific to placenta-mediated FGR. Among the charts evaluated, those of Rahimi et al., Drukker et al. and Flately et al. demonstrated the best overall performance for predicting all three study outcomes. If confirmed in external cohorts, these findings would support the ongoing efforts to standardize the diagnosis of FGR, which is crucial for both clinical and research purposes. (c) 2026 The Author(s). Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. FAU - Vayenas, A AU - Vayenas A AD - Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. FAU - Kingdom, J AU - Kingdom J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7411-5535 AD - Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. FAU - Kongkham, N AU - Kongkham N AD - Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. FAU - Stratulat, V AU - Stratulat V AD - Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. FAU - Nevo, O AU - Nevo O AD - Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. FAU - Rahimi, S AU - Rahimi S AD - Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. FAU - Melamed, N AU - Melamed N AD - Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260420 PL - England TA - Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol JT - Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology JID - 9108340 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *Fetal Growth Retardation/diagnostic imaging/physiopathology MH - *Umbilical Arteries/diagnostic imaging/physiopathology MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Ultrasonography, Prenatal/methods MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - *Placenta/diagnostic imaging/blood supply MH - *Ultrasonography, Doppler/methods MH - Adult MH - Pulsatile Flow MH - Gestational Age MH - Reference Values MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Pregnancy Outcome OTO - NOTNLM OT - FGR OT - IUGR OT - PI OT - chart OT - diagnosis OT - performance OT - prediction OT - reference OT - umbilical artery Doppler OT - variation EDAT- 2026/04/21 13:10 MHDA- 2026/06/02 18:40 CRDT- 2026/04/20 17:23 PHST- 2026/01/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/11/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/02 18:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/21 13:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/20 17:23 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/uog.70222 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2026 Jun;67(6):783-794. doi: 10.1002/uog.70222. Epub 2026 Apr 20. PMID- 42008539 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260813 IS - 1553-7404 (Electronic) IS - 1553-7390 (Print) IS - 1553-7390 (Linking) VI - 22 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Apr TI - Examining the association between fetal HLA-C, maternal KIR haplotypes and birth weight. PG - e1012102 LID - 10.1371/journal.pgen.1012102 [doi] LID - e1012102 AB - Human birth weight is under stabilizing selection, seeking balance between extremes of high and low, thereby reducing fetal and maternal perinatal mortality risk. Certain combinations of maternal killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) and paternally derived fetal human leuokocyte antigen-C (HLA-C) alleles were previously associated with higher risk of high and low birth weight in a study with limited sample size (n = 1,316). Using recently developed methods to impute HLA and KIR haplotypes using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotype data, we tested associations of fetal HLA and maternal KIR genotypes with offspring birth weight in a large sample. We imputed KIR haplotypes using the KIR*IMP imputation software in 10,602 mother-offspring pairs of European descent from singleton pregnancies from five studies. Using mixed linear regression models to account for mothers with multiple children, we tested associations between maternal KIR A vs B haplotypes (AA, AB/BA, BB genotypes) as well as copy number of activating receptor gene KIR2DS1 (0, 1, 2 copies of the gene) in the presence of fetal HLA C1/C2 alleles, and offspring birth weight. Associations were analyzed in each cohort before performing a meta-analysis to estimate the interaction effects between maternal KIR and fetal HLA-C2 on birth weight across the entire sample. The KIR haplotypes achieved imputation accuracy estimated at >95% in most of the cohorts. No interaction effects were observed between either the maternal A vs. B haplotype or the maternal KIR2DS1 locus and fetal HLA-C. When specifically trying to replicate the previously associated combination of maternal KIR2DS1 and paternally inherited fetal HLA-C2, there was a negligible change in offspring birth weight for each additional KIR2DS1 allele and HLA-C2 of paternal origin (7g lower birth weight per allele [95% CI: -54, 40], P = 0.78). We found little evidence of association between birth weight and maternal KIR haplotypes or fetal HLA-C2 and were unable to replicate previously reported findings. Our observations reinforce the importance of replication and the use of large sample sizes in the validation of genetic associations. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Decina et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Decina, Caitlin Stephanie AU - Decina CS AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-1106-0519 AD - Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom. AD - Centre for Population and Disease Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. FAU - Warrington, Nicole M AU - Warrington NM AD - Centre for Population and Disease Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. AD - Frazer Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. FAU - Beaumont, Robin N AU - Beaumont RN AD - Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom. FAU - Bian, Beilei AU - Bian B AD - Centre for Population and Disease Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. FAU - Brito Nunes, Caroline AU - Brito Nunes C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2654-1679 AD - Centre for Population and Disease Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. FAU - Wang, Geng AU - Wang G AD - Centre for Population and Disease Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. FAU - Lowe, William L Jr AU - Lowe WL Jr AD - Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America. FAU - Squire, David AU - Squire D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6738-8271 AD - Department of Mathematics and Statistics, School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. AD - Melbourne Integrative Genomics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Vukcevic, Damjan AU - Vukcevic D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7780-9586 AD - Department of Mathematics and Statistics, School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. AD - Melbourne Integrative Genomics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. AD - Department of Econometrics and Business Statistics, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia. FAU - Leslie, Stephen AU - Leslie S AD - Department of Mathematics and Statistics, School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Freathy, Rachel M AU - Freathy RM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4152-2238 AD - Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom. FAU - Evans, David M AU - Evans DM AD - Centre for Population and Disease Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. AD - Frazer Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. AD - Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260420 PL - United States TA - PLoS Genet JT - PLoS genetics JID - 101239074 RN - 0 (HLA-C Antigens) RN - 0 (Receptors, KIR) RN - 0 (KIR2DS1 protein, human) SB - IM UOF - medRxiv. 2025 Apr 10:2025.04.09.25325484. doi: 10.1101/2025.04.09.25325484. PMID: 40297441 MH - Humans MH - *HLA-C Antigens/genetics MH - Haplotypes/genetics MH - *Receptors, KIR/genetics MH - Female MH - *Birth Weight/genetics MH - Pregnancy MH - Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Fetus/metabolism MH - Alleles MH - Genotype MH - Male MH - Adult PMC - PMC13095029 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/04/21 13:10 MHDA- 2026/04/21 13:11 PMCR- 2026/04/20 CRDT- 2026/04/20 13:53 PHST- 2025/04/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/21 13:11 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/21 13:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/20 13:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PGENETICS-D-25-00434 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pgen.1012102 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS Genet. 2026 Apr 20;22(4):e1012102. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1012102. eCollection 2026 Apr. PMID- 42006748 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260421 LR - 20260813 IS - 2753-4294 (Electronic) IS - 2753-4294 (Linking) VI - 4 IP - 2 DP - 2026 TI - Feasibility and acceptability of a school-based Group Motivational Interviewing intervention to reduce sugar-sweetened beverages among young people in East London: DISS feasibility study. PG - e003961 LID - 10.1136/bmjph-2025-003961 [doi] LID - e003961 AB - INTRODUCTION: Young people consume sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) regularly which increases their risk of obesity and dental caries. School-based interventions can reduce the consumption of SSBs. This study aimed to assess the feasibility and acceptability of a Group Motivational Interviewing intervention delivered by teachers to reduce SSB consumption among 12-13 year-olds in secondary schools in East London to prevent weight gain. METHODS: A feasibility study with an embedded exploratory mixed-methods design was conducted. Participants included children aged 12-13 years old and five teachers. Intervention was co-developed with teachers and young people, which included three components: Group Motivational Interviewing training to teachers to deliver two sessions to young people, a mobile application for young people was developed to support them with behaviour change and a resource pack for parents/carers. The main outcome measures at baseline and follow-up were anthropometric, dietary and lifestyle behaviours. Feasibility measures included recruitment and retention rates, intervention delivery and acceptability. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the qualitative data and descriptive analysis for the quantitative data. RESULTS: One secondary school was recruited despite attempting to recruit six schools, and a second school was recruited to co-develop the intervention. Five teachers, 49 young people and their parents (n=26) were recruited in one school. At follow-up (n=47), SSB consumption decreased, and water consumption increased, but this was based on a limited dietary recall sample. The main challenge was the recruitment of schools due to limited school resources and organisational factors. In terms of acceptability, once young people were recruited, they reported positive attitudes towards the intervention whereas teachers found it less feasible due to structural constraints. CONCLUSIONS: Although the intervention was acceptable and feasible in school settings, there were significant challenges in recruitment of schools. The intervention was more acceptable for students than teachers. This study showed the importance of conducting feasibility studies prior to a large trial. CI - Copyright (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ Group. FAU - Yusuf, Huda AU - Yusuf H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1552-7708 AD - Centre for Dental Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK. FAU - Steed, Elizabeth AU - Steed E AD - Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Centre for Primary Care, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK. FAU - Valenzuela, Maria Josefina AU - Valenzuela MJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6519-6708 AD - Centre for Dental Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260413 PL - England TA - BMJ Public Health JT - BMJ public health JID - 9918697578906676 PMC - PMC13084870 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Obesity OT - Primary Prevention OT - Public Health COIS- None declared. EDAT- 2026/04/20 13:10 MHDA- 2026/04/20 13:11 PMCR- 2026/04/13 CRDT- 2026/04/20 07:49 PHST- 2025/09/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/20 13:11 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/20 13:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/20 07:49 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjph-2025-003961 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjph-2025-003961 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Public Health. 2026 Apr 13;4(2):e003961. doi: 10.1136/bmjph-2025-003961. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42006403 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260420 LR - 20260813 IS - 2212-1366 (Print) IS - 2212-1374 (Electronic) IS - 2212-1366 (Linking) VI - 58 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Health-related quality of life and physical activity in children with Multiple Osteochondromas. PG - 100759 LID - 10.1016/j.jbo.2026.100759 [doi] LID - 100759 AB - OBJECTIVES: To evaluate health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and physical activity level (PAL) in children and adolescents with Multiple Osteochondromas (MO) and to identify factors associated with these outcomes. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey of Dutch patients aged 4-18 years recruited through the national MO expertise center and the patient association. Validated, age-specific questionnaires assessed HRQOL (TAP/TAC/TAAQOL), PAL (Baecke), pain, functional disability, and psychosocial and sociodemographic variables. Multiple linear regression, guided by the International Classification of Functioning framework, examined associated variables with the mental and physical HRQOL components and with PAL. RESULTS: A total of 134 participants (53% male; mean age +/- SD, 11.4 +/- 3.7 years) completed the survey. Compared with population norms, patients with MO scored significantly lower on physical HRQOL but not consistently lower on mental HRQOL. Significant gender differences emerged in specific HRQOL domains across multiple age groups. Mean PAL was also reduced (7.35 +/- 1.01, p < 0.001) compared with healthy peers. Physical HRQOL (R(2) = 0.727, p < 0.001) was negatively associated with pain and positively with externalizing behavior. The mental HRQOL model (R(2) = 0.648, p < 0.001) showed the strongest negative associations with internalizing problems and functional disability. Having >/= 5 surgeries was the only independent predictor of PAL, explaining 4.4% of its variance. CONCLUSIONS: The pediatric MO population reports significantly lower physical HRQOL and PAL, but not consistently lower mental HRQOL than healthy peers. Specific gender differences were observed across multiple domains. The associations identified in this study call for a multidisciplinary approach to MO management that emphasizes pain control, functional rehabilitation, and psychosocial support. CI - (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier GmbH. FAU - Amajjar, Ihsane AU - Amajjar I AD - Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, CAPHRI, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands. AD - Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, OLVG, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - Willigenburg, Nienke W AU - Willigenburg NW AD - Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, OLVG, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - Langenberg, Benedikt G AU - Langenberg BG AD - Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands. FAU - Ham, S John AU - Ham SJ AD - Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, OLVG, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - Smeets, Rob J E M AU - Smeets RJEM AD - Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, CAPHRI, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands. AD - Pain in Motion International Research Group, www.paininmotion.be, Brussels, Belgium. AD - Clinics in Revalidatie (CIR), Eindhoven, The Netherlands. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260402 PL - Netherlands TA - J Bone Oncol JT - Journal of bone oncology JID - 101610292 PMC - PMC13087577 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Exostoses OT - Multiple hereditary OT - Multiple osteochondromas OT - Physical activity OT - Primary bone tumours OT - Quality of life COIS- The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/04/20 13:10 MHDA- 2026/04/20 13:11 PMCR- 2026/04/02 CRDT- 2026/04/20 07:47 PHST- 2025/12/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/20 13:11 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/20 13:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/20 07:47 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2212-1374(26)00021-7 [pii] AID - 100759 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jbo.2026.100759 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Bone Oncol. 2026 Apr 2;58:100759. doi: 10.1016/j.jbo.2026.100759. eCollection 2026 Jun. PMID- 42004165 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260421 LR - 20260421 IS - 2190-572X (Print) IS - 2190-5738 (Electronic) IS - 2190-5738 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 5 DP - 2026 May TI - Integrated multi-omics analysis identifies TBC1D10C as an NK- and T cell-associated diagnostic biomarker in childhood obesity. PG - 165 LID - 10.1007/s13205-026-04818-8 [doi] LID - 165 AB - Childhood obesity is a growing global health crisis associated with an increased risk of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases in adulthood. While accumulating evidence implicates immune dysregulation in obesity pathogenesis, the specific transcriptional alterations of immune cells, particularly NK cells and T cells in the context of childhood obesity, and their potential as non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers, remain largely unexplored. Here, we investigated the transcriptional alterations of NK cells and T cells in childhood obesity and evaluated their potential as non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers. To this end, we integrated bulk RNA-seq datasets (GSE205668 and GSE87493), adipose single-cell RNA-seq data (GSE159960), and blood qPCR validation to identify NK- and T-cell-related diagnostic biomarkers for childhood obesity. Differential expression analysis and WGCNA were applied to the bulk datasets to derive obesity-associated candidates, and single-cell RNA-seq was used to define immune-cell composition, infer NK-cell pseudotemporal dynamics, and quantify cell-cell communication. Genes shared between the bulk and single-cell analyses were prioritized using an ensemble machine-learning workflow comprising 110 model configurations and five feature-selection methods. TBC1D10C expression was validated by qPCR in an independent cohort of 29 children. Transcriptome-based analyses indicated reduced relative representation of NK cells and T cells in childhood obesity, with altered transcriptional programs and inferred impairment of NK-CD4 + T-cell communication. A 13-gene NK- and T-cell-based diagnostic signature was derived, and TBC1D10C was consistently prioritized by all feature-selection methods. The signature showed good discrimination between childhood obesity and controls across datasets (AUC 0.753-0.808), and comparable performance was observed for TBC1D10C alone. Enrichment analyses associated higher TBC1D10C expression with immune pathways, including Th1/Th2 differentiation, IL-17 signaling, and NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity. qPCR confirmed significant upregulation of TBC1D10C in peripheral blood from children with obesity. Across independent cohorts and platforms, TBC1D10C was identified as a reproducible NK- and T-cell-associated biomarker for childhood obesity, and immune dysregulation relevant to obesity pathophysiology may be reflected by its expression. Therefore, we propose TBC1D10C as a promising diagnostic biomarker and highlight its potential role in the immunopathology of childhood obesity. CI - (c) King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology 2026. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. FAU - Huang, Houyan AU - Huang H AD - Department of Pediatric Chinese Medicine, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, 39 Wangjiang East Road, Hefei, 230011 Anhui China. ROR: https://ror.org/04je70584. GRID: grid.489986.2. ISNI: 0000 0004 6473 1769 FAU - Huang, Yang AU - Huang Y AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-1684-1181 AD - Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 24 Heping Road, Harbin, 150040 Heilongjiang China. ROR: https://ror.org/05x1ptx12. GRID: grid.412068.9. ISNI: 0000 0004 1759 8782 FAU - Zhang, Yuping AU - Zhang Y AD - Department of Pediatrics, Wuhu Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated with Anhui College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 430 Jiuhua South Road, Wuhu, 241000 Anhui China. ROR: https://ror.org/035cyhw15. GRID: grid.440665.5. ISNI: 0000 0004 1757 641X FAU - Jiang, Ye AU - Jiang Y AD - Department of Pediatric Chinese Medicine, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, 39 Wangjiang East Road, Hefei, 230011 Anhui China. ROR: https://ror.org/04je70584. GRID: grid.489986.2. ISNI: 0000 0004 6473 1769 FAU - Shi, Pei AU - Shi P AD - Department of Ultrasound, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, 39 Wangjiang East Road, Hefei, 230011 Anhui China. ROR: https://ror.org/04je70584. GRID: grid.489986.2. ISNI: 0000 0004 6473 1769 FAU - Wang, Yingying AU - Wang Y AD - Department of Pediatric Chinese Medicine, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, 39 Wangjiang East Road, Hefei, 230011 Anhui China. ROR: https://ror.org/04je70584. GRID: grid.489986.2. ISNI: 0000 0004 6473 1769 FAU - Liu, Sujuan AU - Liu S AD - Department of Pediatric Chinese Medicine, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, 39 Wangjiang East Road, Hefei, 230011 Anhui China. ROR: https://ror.org/04je70584. GRID: grid.489986.2. ISNI: 0000 0004 6473 1769 FAU - Xu, Ping AU - Xu P AD - Department of Pediatric Chinese Medicine, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, 39 Wangjiang East Road, Hefei, 230011 Anhui China. ROR: https://ror.org/04je70584. GRID: grid.489986.2. ISNI: 0000 0004 6473 1769 FAU - Wang, Juanjuan AU - Wang J AD - Department of Endocrinology, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, 39 Wangjiang East Road, Hefei, 230011 Anhui China. ROR: https://ror.org/04je70584. GRID: grid.489986.2. ISNI: 0000 0004 6473 1769 FAU - Zhou, Taocheng AU - Zhou T AD - Department of Pediatric Chinese Medicine, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, 39 Wangjiang East Road, Hefei, 230011 Anhui China. ROR: https://ror.org/04je70584. GRID: grid.489986.2. ISNI: 0000 0004 6473 1769 LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260415 PL - Germany TA - 3 Biotech JT - 3 Biotech JID - 101565857 PMC - PMC13083731 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Childhood obesity OT - Diagnostic biomarker OT - Multi-omics OT - NK-T cells OT - Single-cell RNA sequencing OT - TBC1D10C COIS- Conflict of interestNo conflicts of interest were declared. EDAT- 2026/04/20 13:10 MHDA- 2026/04/20 13:11 PMCR- 2027/05/01 CRDT- 2026/04/20 07:26 PHST- 2025/12/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/20 13:11 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/20 13:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/20 07:26 [entrez] PHST- 2027/05/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 4818 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s13205-026-04818-8 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - 3 Biotech. 2026 May;16(5):165. doi: 10.1007/s13205-026-04818-8. Epub 2026 Apr 15. PMID- 42002018 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260708 LR - 20260806 IS - 1879-1891 (Electronic) IS - 0002-9394 (Linking) VI - 288 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Validation of the "FIRST-ROP" Algorithm at a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Tertiary Center over Three Decades. PG - 105-111 LID - S0002-9394(26)00205-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ajo.2026.04.010 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: To validate the FIRST-ROP algorithm in a medium-risk cohort of infants undergoing screening for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). DESIGN: Retrospective diagnostic comparison. METHODS: Infants who did not meet criteria for microprematurity or nanoprematurity (gestational age >/= 27 weeks and birth weight >/= 800 g) were included. Outcomes assessed included rates of ROP diagnosis and treatment-warranted ROP (TW-ROP), as well as postmenstrual age (PMA) at first diagnosis and initiation of treatment. Paired binary detection outcomes between traditional ROP screening strategies and the FIRST-ROP algorithm, which defers screening until 34 weeks PMA, were compared using the McNemar test. RESULTS: Among 8564 infants screened, 3641 (36%) met inclusion criteria, of whom 604 (17%) developed ROP. Median PMA at first ROP diagnosis was 35.1 weeks (interquartile range [IQR], 34.0-36.6 weeks; range, 31.3-51.4 weeks). Median PMA at stage 3 diagnosis was 35.6 weeks (IQR, 34.0-37.0 weeks; range, 32.3-47.6 weeks). Median PMA at first treatment was 40.0 weeks (IQR, 37.1-41.4 weeks; range, 34.3-44.4 weeks). Fifteen infants (2%) required treatment, of whom 10 (67%) had type 1 ROP. Initiating screening at 34 weeks PMA significantly reduced examinations compared with standard screening (P < .001), corresponding to an estimated 17% fewer visits per patient. No cases of TW-ROP would have been missed under the FIRST-ROP strategy (95% CI, 99.3%-100%). CONCLUSIONS: Over 3 decades, no infants in this medium-risk cohort required treatment before 34 weeks PMA. These findings validate the FIRST-ROP algorithm and support safe deferral of the initial ROP examination to 34 weeks PMA, reducing screening burden while maintaining sensitivity for TW-ROP. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Malek, Davina A AU - Malek DA AD - From the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.A.M., C.N., N.A., J.S.L., N.A.Y., H.U.H., A.M.B.), University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA. FAU - Altamirano, Francisco AU - Altamirano F AD - Department of Ophthalmology (F.A., C.C., N.A.P.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Chaaya, Celine AU - Chaaya C AD - Department of Ophthalmology (F.A., C.C., N.A.P.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Ophthalmology (C.C., N.A.P.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Negron, Catherin AU - Negron C AD - From the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.A.M., C.N., N.A., J.S.L., N.A.Y., H.U.H., A.M.B.), University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA. FAU - Arias, Nancy AU - Arias N AD - From the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.A.M., C.N., N.A., J.S.L., N.A.Y., H.U.H., A.M.B.), University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA. FAU - Lockward, Joaquin Sosa AU - Lockward JS AD - From the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.A.M., C.N., N.A., J.S.L., N.A.Y., H.U.H., A.M.B.), University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA. FAU - Fan, Kenneth C AU - Fan KC AD - Retina Consultants of Texas (K.C.F., H.A.K.), Houston, Texas, USA. FAU - Al-Khersan, Hasenin AU - Al-Khersan H AD - Retina Consultants of Texas (K.C.F., H.A.K.), Houston, Texas, USA. FAU - Yannuzzi, Nicolas A AU - Yannuzzi NA AD - From the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.A.M., C.N., N.A., J.S.L., N.A.Y., H.U.H., A.M.B.), University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA. FAU - Hua, Hong-Uyen AU - Hua HU AD - From the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.A.M., C.N., N.A., J.S.L., N.A.Y., H.U.H., A.M.B.), University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA. FAU - Berrocal, Audina M AU - Berrocal AM AD - From the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.A.M., C.N., N.A., J.S.L., N.A.Y., H.U.H., A.M.B.), University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA. Electronic address: aberrocal@med.miami.edu. FAU - Patel, Nimesh A AU - Patel NA AD - Department of Ophthalmology (F.A., C.C., N.A.P.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Ophthalmology (C.C., N.A.P.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Electronic address: nimesh_patel2@meei.harvard.edu. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260417 PL - United States TA - Am J Ophthalmol JT - American journal of ophthalmology JID - 0370500 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Retinopathy of Prematurity/diagnosis MH - *Algorithms MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Female MH - *Intensive Care Units, Neonatal/statistics & numerical data MH - Gestational Age MH - Male MH - *Neonatal Screening/methods MH - *Tertiary Care Centers/statistics & numerical data MH - Birth Weight EDAT- 2026/04/20 13:10 MHDA- 2026/07/08 12:57 CRDT- 2026/04/19 19:21 PHST- 2026/02/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/08 12:57 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/20 13:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/19 19:21 [entrez] AID - S0002-9394(26)00205-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ajo.2026.04.010 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Am J Ophthalmol. 2026 Aug;288:105-111. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2026.04.010. Epub 2026 Apr 17. PMID- 42001045 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260628 LR - 20260813 IS - 1471-2431 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2431 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 18 TI - Birth-size reference charts for newborns admitted to the neonatal intensive care units. LID - 10.1186/s12887-026-06889-1 [doi] LID - 509 AB - BACKGROUND: Our original birth-size reference charts (the Olsen charts), published in 2010 (weight, length, head circumference) and 2015 (body mass index), had limitations, including manually defined exclusion criteria and the use of completed gestational weeks. This project aimed to update the charts and address those limitations. METHODS: We analyzed de-identified data from infants admitted to Pediatrix NICUs between 2010 and 2022. In contrast to prior work, newborns with mortality before discharge, multiple births, and congenital anomalies were included; only statistical outliers (defined as two times the interquartile range below the first quartile or above the third quartile) were excluded. Gestational age was recorded in days, and penalized b-splines were used as curve smoothers. Birth weight, length, head circumference, and BMI models were developed using a randomly selected subset and validated by the remaining data. Proportions of SGA and LGA infants were compared to the 2010 Olsen and 2013 Fenton charts. RESULTS: One million one hundred fifty-two thousand seven hundred twenty infants born between 22 and 41 weeks of gestation were included. No overfitting bias was observed in the new charts. These charts more accurately identified the expected 10% of newborns as SGA/LGA compared to existing charts. CONCLUSIONS: The use of refined methods in new charts improved birth size referencing for NICU infants. FAU - Chou, Fu-Sheng AU - Chou FS AD - Southern California Permanente Medical Group, Pasadena, CA, USA. Fu-Sheng.X.Chou@kp.org. AD - Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA. Fu-Sheng.X.Chou@kp.org. AD - Department of Clinical Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Pasadena, CA, USA. Fu-Sheng.X.Chou@kp.org. AD - Department of Neonatology, Kaiser Permanente Riverside Medical Center, 10800 Magnolia Ave., Riverside, CA, 92505, USA. Fu-Sheng.X.Chou@kp.org. FAU - Yeh, Hung-Wen AU - Yeh HW AD - Division of Health Services and Outcomes Research, Children's Mercy Research Institute, Kansas City, MO, USA. AD - Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA. FAU - Hsueh, Crystal AU - Hsueh C AD - Psychobiology Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. FAU - Olsen, Irene E AU - Olsen IE AD - Department of Nutrition Sciences, College of Nursing and Health Professions, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Tolia, Veeral N AU - Tolia VN AD - Center for Research, Education, Quality and Safety, Pediatrix Inc., Sunrise, FL, USA. FAU - Clark, Reese H AU - Clark RH AD - Department of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260418 PL - England TA - BMC Pediatr JT - BMC pediatrics JID - 100967804 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Infant, Newborn MH - *Intensive Care Units, Neonatal MH - *Birth Weight MH - Reference Values MH - Infant, Large for Gestational Age MH - *Growth Charts MH - Female MH - Gestational Age MH - Infant, Small for Gestational Age MH - Male MH - Body Mass Index PMC - PMC13224568 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Anthropometric measures OT - Growth charts OT - Neonatal intensive care units COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This data-only study with a deidentified dataset was deemed non-human research by the Kaiser Permanente Southern California Institutional Review Board ( https://kpscnursingresearch.org/kpsc-institutional-review-board-irb/ ). As such, informed consent to participate was not required, including from the parents or legal guardians of any participant under the age of 16. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/19 13:11 MHDA- 2026/06/28 06:36 PMCR- 2026/04/18 CRDT- 2026/04/18 23:24 PHST- 2025/10/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/28 06:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/19 13:11 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/18 23:24 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-06889-1 [pii] AID - 6889 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-06889-1 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pediatr. 2026 Apr 18;26(1):509. doi: 10.1186/s12887-026-06889-1. PMID- 42000095 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260613 LR - 20260613 IS - 1873-1597 (Electronic) IS - 1572-1000 (Linking) VI - 59 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Association between systemic inflammation and obesity-myopia comorbidity in adolescents: A cross-sectional analysis. PG - 105483 LID - S1572-1000(26)00150-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105483 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the association between systemic inflammation and the comorbidity of obesity and myopia among adolescents, focusing on the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) and Systemic Inflammation Response Index (SIRI) as markers of inflammation. METHODS: This cross-sectional study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 1999-2008. The associations between SII and SIRI and obesity-myopia comorbidity were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression, restricted cubic spline (RCS) modeling, and subgroup analyses. RESULTS: A total of 8043 adolescents were included in this study. Multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated a significant positive association between both SII and SIRI, analyzed as continuous and quartile-based variables, and the likelihood of obesity-myopia comorbidity (p < 0.05). A dose-response relationship was observed, with the highest quartile of SII (Q4) associated with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.78 and the highest quartile of SIRI associated with an OR of 2.12. RCS analysis indicated significant nonlinear associations (SII: p(nonlinear) < 0.001; SIRI: p(nonlinear) = 0.001), suggesting that inflammation is positively associated with myopia after exceeding a critical threshold. Subgroup analysis demonstrated that these associations were statistically significant among adolescents with mild to moderate myopia, but not among those with high myopia. However, due to the non‑significant interaction term, these subgroup results should be considered exploratory analyses of this study. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study indicate a nonlinear dose-dependent association between systemic inflammatory markers (SII and SIRI) and the comorbidity of obesity and myopia in adolescents. This association was particularly evident in adolescents with mild to moderate myopia. However, due to the cross‑sectional design and the exploratory nature of the subgroup analyses, causality cannot be established, and further research is needed for validation. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Li, Minmin AU - Li M AD - The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, 518040 Guangdong Province, China. FAU - Deng, Hongwei AU - Deng H AD - Department of Strabismus and Pediatric Ophthalmology, Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen Eye Center, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518040 Guangdong Province, China. Electronic address: denghongwei@sz-eyes.com. FAU - Chen, Dingyan AU - Chen D AD - Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055 Guangdong Province, China. FAU - Tao, Zhengyang AU - Tao Z AD - Department of Strabismus and Pediatric Ophthalmology, Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen Eye Center, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518040 Guangdong Province, China. FAU - Xu, Zhixing AU - Xu Z AD - The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, 518040 Guangdong Province, China. FAU - Hu, Guorui AU - Hu G AD - The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, 518040 Guangdong Province, China. FAU - Lv, Zongyue AU - Lv Z AD - Department of Strabismus and Pediatric Ophthalmology, Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen Eye Center, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518040 Guangdong Province, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260416 PL - Netherlands TA - Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther JT - Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy JID - 101226123 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - Male MH - *Inflammation/epidemiology MH - Comorbidity MH - *Myopia/epidemiology/immunology MH - *Obesity/epidemiology MH - Nutrition Surveys OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cross-sectional study OT - Inflammation OT - Myopia OT - Nonlinear association OT - Obesity OT - Obesity-myopia comorbidity OT - Systemic Immune-inflammation Index (SII), Systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/19 13:11 MHDA- 2026/06/15 11:32 CRDT- 2026/04/18 19:16 PHST- 2026/03/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/15 11:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/19 13:11 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/18 19:16 [entrez] AID - S1572-1000(26)00150-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105483 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. 2026 Jun;59:105483. doi: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105483. Epub 2026 Apr 16. PMID- 41999991 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260612 LR - 20260718 IS - 1095-8304 (Electronic) IS - 0195-6663 (Linking) VI - 224 DP - 2026 Sep 1 TI - An online study of associations between physical activity, cognitive functioning and food choice. PG - 108562 LID - S0195-6663(26)00124-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.appet.2026.108562 [doi] AB - Exercise has been linked to improved cognitive control, including enhancement of working memory and inhibition. The aim of the present online study was to investigate the mediating role of cognition in the relationship between habitual physical activity and food choice. A total of 660 participants, aged 18-65, were recruited via Prolific (prolific.com) and completed a series of cognitive tasks, including a Stroop task to measure inhibitory control, and an N-back task for working memory, as well as a food choice task. Physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), with a focus on Total Metabolic Equivalents (METs) and active engagement in vigorous-intensity exercise (vigorous METs). The results showed that higher levels of physical activity were significantly associated with enhanced accuracy scores on the Stroop task and faster reaction times on the N-back task. Vigorous physical activity was associated with greater controlled choices while making food choices, and prioritisation of health over taste in food-related decision making. Mediation analysis revealed that inhibitory control, but not working memory, mediated the relationship between vigorous physical activity and decision making during tasty food trials (both control of choices and health prioritisation). These findings suggest that engaging in vigorous exercise influences cognitive processes related to dietary self-control and may contribute to healthier eating habits and weight management. CI - Copyright (c) 2026. Published by Elsevier Ltd. FAU - Sardjoe, Madhronica AU - Sardjoe M AD - School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom. Electronic address: mxs1314@student.bham.ac.uk. FAU - Adam, Tanja AU - Adam T AD - Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, PO Box 616, MD Maastricht, 6200, the Netherlands. FAU - Plasqui, Guy AU - Plasqui G AD - Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, PO Box 616, MD Maastricht, 6200, the Netherlands. FAU - Aldred, Sarah AU - Aldred S AD - School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom. FAU - Dourish, Colin T AU - Dourish CT AD - Blue Day Healthcare, Buckinghamshire, Marlow, SL7 3QT, United Kingdom. FAU - Higgs, Suzanne AU - Higgs S AD - School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260416 PL - England TA - Appetite JT - Appetite JID - 8006808 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Cognition MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Choice Behavior MH - *Food Preferences/psychology MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Memory, Short-Term MH - Middle Aged MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Reaction Time MH - Aged MH - Inhibition, Psychological MH - Stroop Test MH - Decision Making MH - Internet OTO - NOTNLM OT - Appetite OT - Cognition OT - Exercise OT - Food choice OT - Inhibition OT - Physical activity COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/04/19 13:11 MHDA- 2026/06/12 13:03 CRDT- 2026/04/18 19:14 PHST- 2025/11/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/12 13:03 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/19 13:11 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/18 19:14 [entrez] AID - S0195-6663(26)00124-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.appet.2026.108562 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Appetite. 2026 Sep 1;224:108562. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2026.108562. Epub 2026 Apr 16. PMID- 41999989 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260613 LR - 20260803 IS - 1095-8304 (Electronic) IS - 0195-6663 (Linking) VI - 224 DP - 2026 Sep 1 TI - Evaluation of parental reports as a proxy for their children's food preferences. PG - 108561 LID - S0195-6663(26)00123-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.appet.2026.108561 [doi] AB - As childhood obesity rates rise, research on children's food preferences gains importance. However, studies on these preferences have predominantly relied on parental reports. Research assumes that parents are accurate informants, given their role as food providers. However, excluding children introduces limitations, as parents may misinterpret or overestimate their children's food preferences. Conversely, children's self-reports are hampered by cognitive and language challenges. Leveraging an online survey, this study examines whether children's reports of their food preferences align with those reported by their parents. A diverse range of statistical methods was implemented to examine agreement in 510 parent-child dyads. These included Spearman's rho, intra-class correlation coefficients, Multitrait-Multimethod analysis complemented with a confirmatory factor analysis (MTMM-CFA), and linear regressions. There were strong correlations across food-related constructs, indicating robust consensus (r >/= 0.60). MTMM-CFA model comparison analyses also demonstrated strong convergent (r >/= 0.61) and discriminant validity (r 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Current LLMs did not exhibit clinically acceptable agreement with expert CVM assessments, showing wide error margins that limit their clinical utility. LLMs should presently be considered only as supportive tools. Further improvements in training and multimodal model design are needed to improve their diagnostic reliability. FAU - Erdem, Rusen AU - Erdem R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5298-7949 AD - Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkiye. erdemrusenn@gmail.com. FAU - Yildirim, Ahmet AU - Yildirim A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-6804-1276 AD - Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkiye. FAU - Genc, Yavuz Selim AU - Genc YS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0556-2830 AD - Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkiye. FAU - Beser Gul, Busra AU - Beser Gul B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7280-0168 AD - Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkiye. FAU - Naralan, Muhammed Enes AU - Naralan ME AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2444-4322 AD - Department of Oral and Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkiye. FAU - Cicek, Orhan AU - Cicek O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8172-6043 AD - Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260416 PL - England TA - BMC Oral Health JT - BMC oral health JID - 101088684 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Cervical Vertebrae/growth & development/diagnostic imaging MH - Large Language Models MH - Child MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Cephalometry/methods MH - Adolescent MH - *Age Determination by Skeleton/methods MH - Young Adult MH - *Artificial Intelligence MH - Generative Artificial Intelligence MH - Female PMC - PMC13248458 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Artificial intelligence OT - Cervical vertebral maturation OT - Large language models OT - Lateral cephalogram OT - Orthodontics COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Kafkas University Non-Interventional Clinical Research Ethics Committee (Approval No: KAU-TFEK 2025/08/09; Date: 27 October 2025). Archival radiographs were used in anonymized form in accordance with this approval and the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent was obtained from all participants and their legal guardians involved in this study. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/17 13:25 MHDA- 2026/06/28 13:04 PMCR- 2026/04/16 CRDT- 2026/04/17 00:12 PHST- 2025/11/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/28 13:04 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/17 13:25 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/17 00:12 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12903-026-08293-8 [pii] AID - 8293 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12903-026-08293-8 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Oral Health. 2026 Apr 16;26(1):979. doi: 10.1186/s12903-026-08293-8. PMID- 41992076 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260806 LR - 20260926 IS - 1098-108X (Electronic) IS - 0276-3478 (Print) IS - 0276-3478 (Linking) VI - 59 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Acceptability, Feasibility, and Preliminary Effectiveness of a Mobile App for Teens With or at High Risk for Eating Disorders: A Three-Arm Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Self-Help, Guided Self-Help, and Guided Self-Help With a Social Networking Component. PG - 1724-1739 LID - 10.1002/eat.70105 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Given the wide treatment gap for eating disorders (EDs) and that these problems often emerge in adolescence, novel tools, such as app-based interventions, are needed to prevent and treat EDs in teens. However, questions remain about the optimal level of human support and features within these programs that could enhance outcomes (e.g., social networking). We conducted a pilot randomized controlled trial of a mobile app for teens with or at high risk for EDs, comparing self-help (control) to guided self-help (GSH) and GSH+ social networking (GSH+). METHOD: N = 148 teens with or at high risk for EDs recruited from social media and an online EDs screen were randomized. Participants had access to their assigned intervention for 3 months and completed surveys at baseline, 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months. RESULTS: Teen qualitative feedback illustrated positive perceptions about acceptability and feasibility of the tool and its impact on ED-related thoughts and behaviors. There were no significant differences across groups for the main outcome, global ED psychopathology, but there was a significant reduction for all groups over time (ps < 0.01; d = -0.93 from baseline to 6 months). While all intervention conditions had significant reductions in binge eating behaviors over time, the rate of reduction was greatest in the GSH condition (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Overall, our preliminary findings suggest that digital self-help interventions (both unguided and guided) may represent scalable interventions for teens with or at high risk for EDs, with coaching possibly augmenting outcomes for some subgroups. CI - (c) 2026 Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Cavazos-Rehg, Patricia A AU - Cavazos-Rehg PA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3352-1198 AD - Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA. FAU - Fitzsimmons-Craft, Ellen E AU - Fitzsimmons-Craft EE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7064-3835 AD - Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA. AD - Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA. FAU - Kasson, Erin AU - Kasson E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4888-3319 AD - Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA. FAU - Szlyk, Hannah S AU - Szlyk HS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7337-8475 AD - Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA. FAU - Li, Xiao AU - Li X AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3649-1820 AD - Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA. FAU - Smith, Arielle C AU - Smith AC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4679-1808 AD - Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA. FAU - D'Adamo, Laura AU - D'Adamo L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9963-7316 AD - Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Lew, Daphne AU - Lew D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5433-2367 AD - Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA. FAU - Wilfley, Denise E AU - Wilfley DE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3599-8689 AD - Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA. LA - eng GR - K08 MH120341/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States GR - R34 MH119170/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States GR - National Science Foundation/ GR - F31 MH138068/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States GR - P30 DK056341/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - T90 NR021683/NR/NINR NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20260416 PL - United States TA - Int J Eat Disord JT - The International journal of eating disorders JID - 8111226 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - *Feeding and Eating Disorders/therapy/psychology/prevention & control MH - Pilot Projects MH - *Self Care/methods MH - *Mobile Applications MH - Male MH - Feasibility Studies MH - *Social Networking MH - *Patient Acceptance of Health Care MH - Treatment Outcome PMC - PMC13218351 MID - NIHMS2168086 OAB - Teens with eating disorders represent an important population to target for early, accessible interventions. The mobile app in the current study showed preliminary effectiveness in reducing eating disorder symptoms among teens. Larger trials will be needed to determine whether coaching may especially benefit those with high levels of binge eating or other subgroups, such as teens with higher co-morbid mental health concerns or those identifying as sexual and/or gender minorities. OABL- eng COIS- Patricia A. Cavazos-Rehg is a consultant for Rissana LLC, PredictView, and Woebot. Dr. Fitzsimmons-Craft receives royalties from UpToDate and has served as a consultant for Kooth. Hannah S. Szlyk is a paid consultant for Google Health. EDAT- 2026/04/17 13:25 MHDA- 2026/08/06 12:37 PMCR- 2026/08/06 CRDT- 2026/04/16 23:42 PHST- 2026/03/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/01/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/06 12:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/17 13:25 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/16 23:42 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - EAT70105 [pii] AID - 10.1002/eat.70105 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Eat Disord. 2026 Aug;59(8):1724-1739. doi: 10.1002/eat.70105. Epub 2026 Apr 16. PMID- 41990566 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260813 IS - 1875-595X (Electronic) IS - 0020-6539 (Print) IS - 0020-6539 (Linking) VI - 76 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Cone-Beam Computed Tomography-Based Three-Dimensional Phenotypes of Skeletal Class II Malocclusion in Yemeni Adults: A Principal Component and Cluster Analysis. PG - 109534 LID - S0020-6539(26)00128-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.identj.2026.109534 [doi] LID - 109534 AB - INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: Skeletal Class II malocclusion is heterogeneous, and conventional two-dimensional cephalometry may not fully capture relevant three-dimensional (3D) craniofacial variation. This study aimed to identify 3D skeletal phenotypes of Class II malocclusion in Yemeni adults using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and multivariate analysis. METHODS: This retrospective observational study included CBCT scans of 120 Yemeni adults with skeletal Class II malocclusion (56 males, 64 females; age range 16-30 years; mean 23.1 +/- 3.5 years) retrieved from the archives of the Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Sana'a University. CBCT-derived cephalometric measurements were obtained from lateral reconstructions using Dolphin Imaging (version 12.0 Premium). Twenty prespecified skeletal variables were standardised and analysed by principal component analysis (PCA). Seven components were retained and entered into Ward's hierarchical cluster analysis. The optimal cluster solution was selected using dendrogram inspection, agglomeration coefficients, average silhouette, and clinical interpretability. Canonical discriminant analysis with leave-one-out classification was used for internal validation, and cluster distribution by sex was assessed using chi-square testing. RESULTS: The seven retained principal components explained 64.4% of the variance in the 20 skeletal variables. Cluster analysis identified five skeletal Class II phenotypes (Cluster 1, n = 34; Cluster 2, n = 24; Cluster 3, n = 32; Cluster 4, n = 24; Cluster 5, n = 6) representing different combinations of maxillary position, mandibular retrusion, mandibular plane angulation, and facial height pattern. The five-cluster solution showed acceptable internal separation (average silhouette = 0.253). Internal validation demonstrated robust discrimination, with an overall leave-one-out correct classification rate of 99.2%. Cluster distribution did not differ significantly by sex (chi-square P = .921). CONCLUSION: CBCT-based multivariate analysis identified five distinct skeletal phenotypes among Yemeni adults with skeletal Class II malocclusion, highlighting the heterogeneity of this condition and the limitations of relying only on sagittal descriptors such as ANB and Wits appraisal. Phenotype-specific 3D characterisation may support more individualised treatment planning and may provide clinically interpretable labels for future machine-learning studies. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Phenotype-specific 3D characterisation of skeletal Class II malocclusion may support individualised treatment planning (eg, growth modification, camouflage, or orthognathic approaches). The resulting cluster labels may also serve as clinically interpretable phenotypic descriptors for future machine-learning studies, but no AI modelling was performed in the present work. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Hafedh, Salah M Ben AU - Hafedh SMB AD - Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen. Electronic address: salah.hafedh@gmc-ye.com. FAU - Al-Harazi, Ghamdan AU - Al-Harazi G AD - Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen. FAU - Ishaq, Ramy Abdulrahman AU - Ishaq RA AD - Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260415 PL - England TA - Int Dent J JT - International dental journal JID - 0374714 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Cone-Beam Computed Tomography/methods MH - Principal Component Analysis MH - *Malocclusion, Angle Class II/diagnostic imaging MH - Cluster Analysis MH - Phenotype MH - *Imaging, Three-Dimensional/methods MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - Cephalometry/methods MH - Adult MH - Young Adult MH - Yemen MH - Clustering Algorithms PMC - PMC13101279 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cluster analysis OT - Cone-beam computed tomography OT - Malocclusion, Angle Class II OT - Orthodontics OT - Phenotype OT - Principal component analysis COIS- Conflict of interest None disclosed. EDAT- 2026/04/17 13:25 MHDA- 2026/05/05 06:33 PMCR- 2026/04/15 CRDT- 2026/04/16 18:06 PHST- 2026/01/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/05 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/17 13:25 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/16 18:06 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0020-6539(26)00128-0 [pii] AID - 109534 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.identj.2026.109534 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int Dent J. 2026 Jun;76(3):109534. doi: 10.1016/j.identj.2026.109534. Epub 2026 Apr 15. PMID- 41990469 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260715 IS - 1873-6297 (Electronic) IS - 0001-6918 (Linking) VI - 266 DP - 2026 Jun TI - On the associations between adolescent social media use and health outcomes: An exploratory specification curve analysis and comparison with other concurrent predictors. PG - 106783 LID - S0001-6918(26)00584-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.actpsy.2026.106783 [doi] AB - The impact of social media on the health of adolescents is an intensely debated topic globally, with conflicting views among researchers, caregivers, and policymakers. Empirical findings remain inconclusive, largely due to methodological and conceptual oversights. To address these oversights, we applied specification curve analysis, a computational method which reduces bias from selective analytical choices, to examine associations between time spent on social media and four related but distinct health outcomes - psychological well-being, mental health, health behaviours, and risk behaviours - in 15-and 16-year-olds in the west of Ireland (N = 2876). While most model specifications indicated a negative association between social media and health outcomes, some associations were positive (e.g., time on social media and vigorous physical activity for boys). Aside from anger management and alcohol consumption, most associations fall below accepted thresholds for reliability or clinical significance, suggesting that most associations may be indistinguishable from statistical noise. Notably, when compared to other relevant factors, time on social media emerged as one of the least influential predictors of adolescent health. While some specific associations between social media and adolescent health are statistically reliable, the overall effects at the population level are small and may not be clinically relevant. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Author. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Whelan, Eoin AU - Whelan E AD - Business Information Systems, J.E. Cairnes School of Business & Economics, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland. Electronic address: eoin.whelan@universityofgalway.ie. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260415 PL - Netherlands TA - Acta Psychol (Amst) JT - Acta psychologica JID - 0370366 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - *Social Media/statistics & numerical data MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Adolescent Behavior/psychology MH - *Health Behavior MH - *Mental Health/statistics & numerical data MH - Ireland MH - Media Exposure MH - *Adolescent Health/statistics & numerical data MH - Psychological Well-Being MH - *Risk-Taking MH - Digital Media OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent health OT - Mental health OT - Social media OT - Specification curve analysis OT - Well-being COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/04/17 13:25 MHDA- 2026/05/15 06:29 CRDT- 2026/04/16 18:03 PHST- 2025/11/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/15 06:29 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/17 13:25 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/16 18:03 [entrez] AID - S0001-6918(26)00584-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.actpsy.2026.106783 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Acta Psychol (Amst). 2026 Jun;266:106783. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2026.106783. Epub 2026 Apr 15. PMID- 41989429 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260723 LR - 20260723 IS - 1939-1501 (Electronic) IS - 0893-164X (Linking) VI - 40 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Aug TI - A cross-national examination of the Compensatory Eating and Behaviors in Response to Alcohol Consumption Scale (CEBRACS) across six countries. PG - 513-525 LID - 10.1037/adb0001153 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: The Compensatory Eating and Behaviors in Response to Alcohol Consumption Scale (CEBRACS) is a commonly used measure to assess food and alcohol disturbance (FAD; i.e., use of compensatory behaviors before, during, or after a drinking episode to offset alcohol-related calories and/or enhance alcohol effects). However, its cross-national utility remains largely unexamined. This study evaluated the psychometric properties, frequency, and concurrent utility of the CEBRACS in a cross-national sample. METHOD: Participants were 2,886 college students (United States [n = 1,155], Argentina [n = 537], Spain [n = 597], South Africa [n = 287], England [n = 170], Canada [n = 137]) reporting past-month FAD (M(age) = 20.81; 70.4% female) who completed an online survey assessing FAD and alcohol-related behaviors. RESULTS: Confirmatory factor analyses of the CEBRACS's original and alternative structures indicated persistent model estimation warnings, though some models showed seemingly acceptable fit in select countries. Despite these limitations, item-level analyses demonstrated consistent endorsement of FAD behaviors, with items relating to engaging in exercise behaviors to compensate for alcohol-related calories, as well as disordered eating behaviors to enhance the effects of alcohol, being the most frequently endorsed. Endorsement rates were generally highest among participants from England and lowest in Argentina and Spain. Across all six countries, CEBRACS items were positively associated with alcohol-related outcomes (i.e., frequency, quantity, and/or consequences). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings highlight several psychometric limitations of the CEBRACS in a cross-national sample but suggest that examining individual items may still provide valuable insights into FAD-related behaviors. The results underscore the need for continued cross-national research on FAD. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved). FAU - Berry, Katherine A AU - Berry KA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2632-7437 AD - Department of Psychology, University of Wyoming. FAU - Hernandez Puelma, Javiera A AU - Hernandez Puelma JA AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-1585-9365 AD - Department of Psychological Sciences, William & Mary. FAU - Herchenroeder, Luke AU - Herchenroeder L AD - Department of Leadership, Ethics, and Law, United States Naval Academy. FAU - Looby, Alison AU - Looby A AD - Department of Psychology, University of Wyoming. FAU - Bravo, Adrian J AU - Bravo AJ AD - Department of Psychological Sciences, William & Mary. CN - Cross-Cultural Addictions Study Team LA - eng GR - Fondo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia/ GR - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260416 PL - United States TA - Psychol Addict Behav JT - Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors JID - 8802734 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Psychometrics MH - *Alcohol Drinking/psychology MH - Young Adult MH - Cross-Cultural Comparison MH - Male MH - United States MH - Canada MH - Argentina MH - England MH - Spain MH - South Africa MH - Students/statistics & numerical data MH - Adult MH - Adolescent MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Universities EDAT- 2026/04/16 12:42 MHDA- 2026/07/23 18:35 CRDT- 2026/04/16 10:53 PHST- 2026/07/23 18:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/16 12:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/16 10:53 [entrez] AID - 2027-56014-001 [pii] AID - 10.1037/adb0001153 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Psychol Addict Behav. 2026 Aug;40(5):513-525. doi: 10.1037/adb0001153. Epub 2026 Apr 16. PMID- 41987974 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260416 LR - 20260813 IS - 1664-1078 (Print) IS - 1664-1078 (Electronic) IS - 1664-1078 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - The impact mechanism of green exercise on college students' suicidal ideation: a mediation analysis based on entrance anxiety. PG - 1735347 LID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1735347 [doi] LID - 1735347 AB - PURPOSE: This study aimed to examine the relationship between green exercise and suicidal ideation among first-year university students and to explore the mediating role of entrance anxiety in this association. METHODS: A total of 713 freshmen participated in a cross-sectional survey using standardized questionnaires assessing green exercise, entrance anxiety, and suicidal ideation. Demographic variables (gender, family economic status, place of origin, and only-child status) were controlled. Data were analyzed with SPSS 27.0 and AMOS 26.0. Reliability, validity, and common method bias were tested, followed by structural equation modeling (SEM) and a bias-corrected bootstrapping analysis with 5,000 resamples to examine direct and indirect effects. RESULTS: The SEM results indicated that green exercise significantly reduced entrance anxiety (beta = -0.36, p < 0.001) and suicidal ideation (beta = -0.42, p < 0.001), whereas entrance anxiety positively predicted suicidal ideation (beta = 0.40, p < 0.001). Bootstrapping confirmed that entrance anxiety partially mediated the relationship between green exercise and suicidal ideation. The total effect of green exercise on suicidal ideation was significant (beta = -0.57, p < 0.001), including a direct effect (beta = -0.42, 73.68%) and an indirect effect through entrance anxiety (beta = -0.15, 26.32%), with confidence intervals excluding zero. CONCLUSION: Green exercise effectively alleviates entrance anxiety and reduces suicidal ideation among university freshmen. These findings highlight the mental health benefits of outdoor physical activity and suggest that integrating green exercise into campus life may serve as an effective preventive strategy against anxiety and suicidal ideation. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Kong, Peng, Chen, Liu and Yin. FAU - Kong, Mingmin AU - Kong M AD - School of Sports Training, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. FAU - Peng, Bo AU - Peng B AD - School of Sports Training, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. FAU - Chen, Weisong AU - Chen W AD - School of Sports Training, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. FAU - Liu, Tong AU - Liu T AD - School of Sports Training, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. FAU - Yin, Zhongen AU - Yin Z AD - College of Physical Education and Health Management, Chongqing University of Education, Nan'an, Chongqing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260331 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Psychol JT - Frontiers in psychology JID - 101550902 PMC - PMC13077586 OTO - NOTNLM OT - college freshmen OT - entrance anxiety OT - green exercise OT - mediation analysis OT - structural equation modeling OT - suicidal ideation COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/16 13:09 MHDA- 2026/04/16 13:10 PMCR- 2026/03/31 CRDT- 2026/04/16 04:25 PHST- 2025/11/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/16 13:10 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/16 13:09 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/16 04:25 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1735347 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Psychol. 2026 Mar 31;17:1735347. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1735347. eCollection 2026. PMID- 41987293 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260628 LR - 20260813 IS - 1746-4358 (Electronic) IS - 1746-4358 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 15 TI - An investigation into the status of human milk feeding in very low birth weight infants: a multicenter study. LID - 10.1186/s13006-026-00841-w [doi] LID - 50 AB - BACKGROUND: Human milk provides essential health benefits for very low birth weight infants (VLBWIs). Nevertheless, the utilization patterns of human milk in Chinese neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) remain inadequately characterized. The objective of this multicenter study was to evaluate the current status and variations in human milk feeding practices among diverse types of medical institutions, providing baseline data to support the implementation of full - process human milk feeding in NICUs. METHODS: A prospective observational study was conducted from July 2021 to July 2022, involving 725 VLBWIs admitted to the NICUs of 16 hospitals in China. Data on infant demographics, clinical outcomes, and detailed feeding records were systematically collected using a standardized questionnaire. A customized human milk feeding module was developed within a multicenter database platform to ensure consistent data capture. All data were entered locally by trained research staff, with subsequent centralized auditing and validation by the research team. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics and chi-square tests to evaluate differences in feeding practices across hospital categories. RESULTS: The cohort consisted of 362 males (49.9%) and 363 females (50.1%), with mean gestational age 29.08 +/- 1.65 weeks and birth weight 1154.50 +/- 208.27 g. The overall human milk feeding rate was 52.3%, with significant disparities among hospital types: general hospitals (4.1%), children's hospitals (74.5%), and maternal and child health hospitals (89.7%) (chi(2)=362.141, P < 0.001). Donor human milk was available in 7 hospitals (43.8%), with 31.9% of infants receiving it during hospitalization. Initial feeding was predominantly formula-based (64.4%), while mother's own milk as initial feeding was uncommon (6.5%). Exclusive human milk feeding duration averaged 53.0 days (IQR 23.0-103.0), significantly longer than exclusive formula feeding (34.0 days, IQR 13.8-46.0). CONCLUSIONS: Substantial variations exist in human milk feeding practices for VLBWIs across Chinese NICUs, with overall utilization rates lower than international benchmarks. These findings highlight the need for standardized protocols and enhanced support systems to promote human milk feeding in this vulnerable population. FAU - Wang, Yan AU - Wang Y AD - Department of Neonatology, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Hefei, China. FAU - Zhao, Lulu AU - Zhao L AD - Xiangyun County Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Dali, China. AD - School of Nursing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. FAU - Ma, Yuelan AU - Ma Y AD - Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, China. FAU - Xiao, Juan AU - Xiao J AD - Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China. FAU - Zhang, Lili AU - Zhang L AD - Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China. FAU - Lyu, Tianchan AU - Lyu T AD - Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, China. FAU - Rong, Hui AU - Rong H AD - Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Liu, Dan AU - Liu D AD - Department of Neonatology, Zhejiang Maternal Hospital, Hangzhou, China. FAU - Wang, Hua AU - Wang H AD - Department of Neonatology, Zhejiang Maternal Hospital, Hangzhou, China. FAU - Chen, Xiaochun AU - Chen X AD - Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China. FAU - Gu, Weiwei AU - Gu W AD - Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital, Ningbo, China. FAU - Fan, Qiaoling AU - Fan Q AD - Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, China. FAU - Huang, Meiyuan AU - Huang M AD - Department of Nursing, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Centre, Haikou, China. FAU - Tang, Yunfei AU - Tang Y AD - Pediatric Department, Wuxi Children's Hospital, Wuxi, China. FAU - Li, Dan AU - Li D AD - Fujian Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Xiamen Children's Hospital (Children's Hospital of Fudan University at Xiamen), Xiamen, China. FAU - Qin, An AU - Qin A AD - International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Li, Xiaoxia AU - Li X AD - Department of Neonatology, People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, China. FAU - Tang, Yingzi AU - Tang Y AD - Department of Neonatology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 61 Xiangzhu Avenue, Nanning, China. 2447345448@qq.com. FAU - Hu, Xiaojing AU - Hu X AD - Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, China. humama2015@126.com. AD - Fujian Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Xiamen Children's Hospital (Children's Hospital of Fudan University at Xiamen), Xiamen, China. humama2015@126.com. LA - eng GR - EKXDPY202305/National Children's Medical Centre Subject Leader Development Program/ GR - EKYX202405/"Medicine + X" Interdisciplinary Innovation Team Incubation Project/ PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260415 PL - England TA - Int Breastfeed J JT - International breastfeeding journal JID - 101251562 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Infant, Very Low Birth Weight MH - Female MH - Infant, Newborn MH - *Milk, Human MH - Intensive Care Units, Neonatal MH - Prospective Studies MH - Male MH - China MH - *Breast Feeding/statistics & numerical data MH - Infant PMC - PMC13218054 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Feeding OT - Human milk OT - Multi-center OT - Neonatal intensive care unit OT - Very low birth weight infant COIS- Declarations. Ethical approval: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki (2013 revision) and received ethical approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee of Children's Hospital of Fudan University (Ethics Number: 2020 - 533). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants or their legal guardians prior to data collection. Throughout the processes of data management, storage, analysis, and sharing, the privacy and anonymity of the research subjects were strictly protected. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/16 13:09 MHDA- 2026/06/28 13:04 PMCR- 2026/04/15 CRDT- 2026/04/16 01:16 PHST- 2025/08/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/28 13:04 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/16 13:09 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/16 01:16 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s13006-026-00841-w [pii] AID - 841 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s13006-026-00841-w [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int Breastfeed J. 2026 Apr 15;21(1):50. doi: 10.1186/s13006-026-00841-w. PMID- 41987171 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260627 LR - 20260813 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 15 TI - A feasibility study exploring precarious employment and stress-related health among women. LID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27366-5 [doi] LID - 1556 AB - BACKGROUND: Stress is a hypothesized mechanism through which precarious employment (PE) may contribute to poor health; however, there is a limited understanding of this potential mechanism in the U.S. This study aimed to (1) provide preliminary insights into the biological stress profiles of women experiencing varying levels of PE and (2) test the feasibility of at-home collection of stress biomarkers, c-reactive protein (CRP), and salivary cortisol, among women in Chicago, Illinois. METHODS: We recruited 101 working-age women between August-October 2023. An online survey collected information on demographics, PE, and self-reported mental (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, Cohen's Perceived Stress Scale) and physical (self-reported health, body mass index) health. We mailed home-collection kits to collect capillary blood (120 𝜇L) and saliva (3 samples on 2 workdays). We used 27 employment indicators to construct a multidimensional PE score (PES) (range:0-10) and estimated descriptive statistics overall and by tertile of PE. RESULTS: We reached our recruitment target of ~ 50 women/month, and 70% returned the test kits. The sample was diverse in age (18-40 years: 57%, 41-64 years: 43%) and education ([Formula: see text]highschool: 11%, some college: 29%, [Formula: see text]bachelor's: 60%). Non-Hispanic (NH)-Black (33%) and Hispanic (36%) women were over-represented, compared to NH-White women (28%). More than half earned <$40,000, and the average PES was 3.6 (SE = 0.3). The most precariously employed women identified as NH-Black and Hispanic, had lower levels of educational attainment, experienced discrimination and had poorer self-reported physical and mental health. Those lost-to-follow-up between the online survey and biospecimen collection were lower-education, lower-income, more precariously employed, identified as Hispanic, and had poorer health. Biomarker patterns across PE tertiles were inconsistent; however, there was some suggestive evidence that the most precariously employed group may have lower recovery cortisol trends throughout the day, compared to the low and mid PE groups. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrate the feasibility of at-home data collection of biospecimen samples among working women. Larger studies of PE and health are warranted. FAU - Oddo, Vanessa M AU - Oddo VM AD - Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, 1919 W Taylor Street, MC 517, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA. voddo@uic.edu. AD - University of Illinois Cancer Center, IL 60612, Chicago, USA. voddo@uic.edu. FAU - Andrea, Sarah B AU - Andrea SB AD - School of Public Health, Oregon Health and Sciences University-Portland State University, Portland, Oregon, USA. FAU - Winkler, Megan R AU - Winkler MR AD - Department of Behavioral, Social and Health Education Sciences, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. FAU - Ahonen, Emily Q AU - Ahonen EQ AD - Division of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA. FAU - Bammler, Theo K AU - Bammler TK AD - Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Center for Exposures, Diseases, Genomics and Environment, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. FAU - Tussing-Humphreys, Lisa M AU - Tussing-Humphreys LM AD - Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, 1919 W Taylor Street, MC 517, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA. AD - University of Illinois Cancer Center, IL 60612, Chicago, USA. FAU - Hajat, Anjum AU - Hajat A AD - Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. LA - eng GR - RG-22-149-01-IRG/University of Illinois Cancer Center's American Cancer Society Institutional Research Grant/ GR - R00MD012807/MD/NIMHD NIH HHS/United States GR - U19OH012304/Centers for Disease Control, Prevention/National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health grant/ GR - P30ES007033/University of Washington's Interdisciplinary Center for Exposures, Diseases, Genomics and Environment/ GR - R01AG060011/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260415 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 RN - WI4X0X7BPJ (Hydrocortisone) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 9007-41-4 (C-Reactive Protein) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Feasibility Studies MH - Adult MH - *Job Security MH - Saliva/chemistry MH - Hydrocortisone/analysis MH - Middle Aged MH - *Stress, Psychological/epidemiology MH - Young Adult MH - Biomarkers/analysis MH - Chicago/epidemiology MH - Adolescent MH - C-Reactive Protein/analysis MH - *Health Status MH - *Employment/psychology MH - Subjective Stress PMC - PMC13173993 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Biological stress OT - C-reactive protein OT - Chicago Illinois OT - Cortisol OT - Employment quality OT - Social determinant of health COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The procedures followed in this pilot study were in accordance with ethical standards set by the Declaration of Helsinki for human research. Approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board of the University of Illinois Chicago (STUDY2023-0093) and informed consent was obtained from all participants. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/16 13:09 MHDA- 2026/06/27 22:35 PMCR- 2026/04/15 CRDT- 2026/04/16 01:10 PHST- 2025/02/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 22:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/16 13:09 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/16 01:10 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27366-5 [pii] AID - 27366 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27366-5 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2026 Apr 15;26(1):1556. doi: 10.1186/s12889-026-27366-5. PMID- 41987167 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260627 LR - 20260813 IS - 1471-2431 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2431 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 15 TI - Admission Physiology Appeared More Informative Than Small-for-Gestational-Age Status for Predicting Severe In-Hospital Disposition in Preterm Infants Born at 28-36 Weeks: A Retrospective Single-Center NICU Cohort Study. LID - 10.1186/s12887-026-06825-3 [doi] LID - 493 AB - BACKGROUND: Whether small for gestational age adds prognostic information after NICU admission physiology is known remains uncertain in preterm infants. This distinction is clinically important because SGA is an anthropometric birth-size classification rather than, by itself, a diagnosis of fetal growth restriction. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 270 singleton infants born at 28 to 36 weeks' gestation and admitted to a tertiary NICU in Mashhad, Iran, during 2022 to 2023. SGA was defined using INTERGROWTH-21st standards. The primary endpoint was severe unfavorable disposition, defined as transfer to another facility or in-hospital death versus healthy discharge, with discharge against medical advice excluded by endpoint definition. We compared prespecified binary logistic models containing gestational age and SGA alone or combined with admission physiologic variables, and internally validated the binary models using 1000 bootstrap resamples. A secondary logistic model described admission features associated with SGA status. RESULTS: Seventy-eight infants (28.9%) were classified as SGA. Compared with AGA infants, SGA infants had lower platelet counts, lower red blood cell counts, higher venous PO2 values, and longer hospital stay. In the secondary SGA model, lower platelets and lower red blood cell counts were independently associated with SGA status. For the primary endpoint, 208 infants were eligible, including 31 transfer or death events. A model containing gestational age, log-transformed C-reactive protein, and venous pH showed better fit and discrimination than the gestational age plus SGA model, with optimism-corrected area under the curve 0.78, Brier score 0.11, and calibration slope 0.92. Adding SGA did not improve fit or discrimination, with likelihood-ratio p = 0.841 and adjusted OR 1.10, 95% CI 0.43 to 2.80. Replacing binary SGA with birth-weight z score also did not improve the model. When discharge against medical advice was included in a broader nonhealthy composite, discrimination fell substantially. CONCLUSION: In this single-center cohort of infants born at 28-36 weeks and admitted to a tertiary NICU in Mashhad, SGA as an anthropometric birth-size classification was associated with a distinct admission hematologic profile and longer hospital stay, but it did not improve prediction of severe hospital disposition after gestational age, admission venous pH, and CRP were considered. For this short-term disposition endpoint in this setting, admission physiology appeared more informative than birth-size category. These findings are hypothesis-generating, context-specific, and should not be extrapolated to longer-term outcomes or other NICU settings without external validation. FAU - Ghorooneh, Zeinab AU - Ghorooneh Z AD - Neonatal Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. FAU - Mohammadzadeh, Ashraf AU - Mohammadzadeh A AD - Neonatal Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. FAU - Farhat, Ahmad Shah AU - Farhat AS AD - Neonatal Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. FAU - Daei, Nafiseh AU - Daei N AD - Neonatal Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. FAU - Khodashenas, Ezzat AU - Khodashenas E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8535-5307 AD - Neonatal Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. KhodashenasE@mums.ac.ir. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260415 PL - England TA - BMC Pediatr JT - BMC pediatrics JID - 100967804 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Infant, Small for Gestational Age MH - *Intensive Care Units, Neonatal MH - Female MH - *Infant, Premature/physiology MH - Male MH - Gestational Age MH - Logistic Models MH - Length of Stay/statistics & numerical data MH - Prognosis MH - Hospital Mortality MH - *Patient Admission PMC - PMC13214418 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Intensive care units, neonatal OT - Length of stay OT - Premature OT - Prognosis OT - Small for gestational age COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This retrospective cohort study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (approval code: IR.MUMS.MEDICAL.REC.1401.257). The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments. Because this study used de-identified routinely collected clinical data, involved no direct contact with participants, and introduced no study-specific intervention, the requirement for informed consent to participate from the infants' parents or legal guardians was waived by the Research Ethics Committee of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. Consent for publication: Not applicable. This manuscript contains no identifiable individual person's data, images, or videos. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/16 13:09 MHDA- 2026/06/28 04:09 PMCR- 2026/04/15 CRDT- 2026/04/16 01:10 PHST- 2026/02/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/28 04:09 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/16 13:09 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/16 01:10 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-06825-3 [pii] AID - 6825 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-06825-3 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pediatr. 2026 Apr 15;26(1):493. doi: 10.1186/s12887-026-06825-3. PMID- 41987152 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260813 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 15 TI - The impact of physical activity on the psychological wellbeing and study abroad satisfaction of Chinese international students in a cross-cultural context. LID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27280-w [doi] LID - 1689 AB - PURPOSE: As the largest source country for international students, Chinese students often encounter challenges related to mental health and study abroad satisfaction during the process of cross-cultural adaptation. While physical activity is generally considered related to mental health, its potential mechanisms and contextual moderating factors have not been systematically studied. This study aims to explore the relationship between physical activity, mental health, and study abroad satisfaction, and to examine the moderating role of digital social media use. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 589 Chinese international students from nine countries. Ten validated scales were used to assess physical activity level, psychological wellbeing, study abroad satisfaction, and related psychosocial mechanisms. Structural equation modeling and the PROCESS macro were employed to test chain mediation and moderation effects. RESULTS: There is a significant positive association between physical activity and mental health. The study identified two chain mediation relationships: (1) social interaction competence --> emotion regulation ability --> positive coping strategies; (2) body image satisfaction --> cultural adaptation level --> social support level. In addition, a significant relationship exists between mental health and study abroad satisfaction. Moderation analysis indicates that digital social media use is related to the positive association between physical activity and mental health. CONCLUSIONS: Physical activity is positively associated with the mental health of Chinese international students and is related to higher study abroad satisfaction through dual psychosocial pathways. The use of digital social media appears to play a positive moderating role in this process, suggesting that cross-cultural interventions may achieve better outcomes by combining physical activity with appropriate digital support strategies. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Liu, Zhaoyu AU - Liu Z AD - Department of Sport & Healthcare, Namseoul University, Cheonan, 31020, Korea. zhaoyuliu618@gmail.com. FAU - Quan, Qingyun AU - Quan Q AD - Sports Medicine Laboratory, Korea National Sport University, Seoul, 05541, Korea. FAU - Long, Biao AU - Long B AD - Department of Sport & Healthcare, Namseoul University, Cheonan, 31020, Korea. FAU - Kim, Soohyun AU - Kim S AD - Department of Sport & Healthcare, Namseoul University, Cheonan, 31020, Korea. shkim001@nsu.ac.kr. LA - eng SI - figshare/figshare.30074896 PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260415 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 RN - Chinese people SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Psychological Well-Being MH - *Personal Satisfaction MH - Female MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - *Students/psychology/statistics & numerical data MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - China MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - *Cross-Cultural Comparison MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Social Media/statistics & numerical data MH - *Mental Health MH - East Asian People PMC - PMC13200439 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Chain mediation OT - Chinese international students OT - Digital social media use OT - Physical activity OT - Psychological wellbeing OT - Study abroad satisfaction COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: All procedures in this study adhered to the ethical standards of the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments. The study was reviewed by the Institutional Review Board of Namseoul University and was granted exemption from full ethical approval, in accordance with national regulations. Informed consent was obtained from all participants. The questionnaire used in this study was adapted from previously validated instruments rather than newly developed. An English version of the adapted items has been uploaded as Supplementary Material S1. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/16 13:09 MHDA- 2026/05/25 06:31 PMCR- 2026/04/15 CRDT- 2026/04/16 01:09 PHST- 2025/09/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/25 06:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/16 13:09 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/16 01:09 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27280-w [pii] AID - 27280 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27280-w [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2026 Apr 15;26(1):1689. doi: 10.1186/s12889-026-27280-w. PMID- 41986943 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261021 LR - 20261021 IS - 2154-4700 (Electronic) IS - 1933-8244 (Linking) VI - 81 IP - 5-6 DP - 2026 TI - Associations between ultra-processed food consumption, work-related and mental health outcomes among staff at a private hospital in Turkiye. PG - 113-125 LID - 10.1080/19338244.2026.2654391 [doi] AB - This study explored the relationship between ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and work performance, sleep quality, and mental well-being among hospital staff in Turkiye using a cross-sectional design. A total of 150 participants aged 18-65 were included. Data were collected using validated instruments: the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (WEMWBS), and the Job Performance Scale (JPS). Participants were divided into three groups based on their daily UPF consumption: low (<306.97 g/day), moderate (306.97-778.57 g/day), and high (>778.57 g/day). The mean UPF intake was 507.3 +/- 288.1 g/day. Overall, 51.3% of participants had poor sleep quality. Mean PSQI scores were 5.05 +/- 2.12 in the low UPF group and 5.48 +/- 3.21 in the high group (p = 0.360). Participants in the high UPF group had a mean WEMWBS score of 60.04 +/- 9.45, compared to 56.10 +/- 7.02 in the low UPF group (p = 0.019). The high UPF group showed higher job performance scores (mean = 50.44 +/- 4.93) compared to the moderate group (mean = 46.23 +/- 7.27) and the low group (mean = 46.07 +/- 7.25) (p = 0.016). While the findings suggest a positive association between UPF consumption and both mental well-being and job performance, these results should be interpreted with caution due to the cross-sectional nature of the study. Further research is needed to explore long-term effects and underlying mechanisms. Additionally, future research could examine whether short-term improvements in mood or energy from UPF consumption translate into long-term health tradeoffs. FAU - Yenice Kartal, Esma AU - Yenice Kartal E AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-5026-3011 AD - Institute of Health Science, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Uskudar University, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Yilmaz, Haci Omer AU - Yilmaz HO AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4597-7758 AD - Faculty of Health Science, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, Balikesir, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260415 PL - United States TA - Arch Environ Occup Health JT - Archives of environmental & occupational health JID - 101282564 SB - IM MH - *Fast Foods/statistics & numerical data MH - *Mental Health/statistics & numerical data MH - *Personnel, Hospital/psychology/statistics & numerical data MH - Psychological Well-Being MH - Hospitals, Private/statistics & numerical data MH - Sleep Quality MH - *Work Performance/statistics & numerical data MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Turkey MH - Surveys and Questionnaires/statistics & numerical data MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged OTO - NOTNLM OT - Hospital staff OT - Ultra-processed foods OT - job performance OT - mental health OT - sleep quality EDAT- 2026/04/16 13:09 MHDA- 2026/05/31 18:32 CRDT- 2026/04/16 00:13 PHST- 2026/05/31 18:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/16 13:09 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/16 00:13 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/19338244.2026.2654391 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Arch Environ Occup Health. 2026;81(5-6):113-125. doi: 10.1080/19338244.2026.2654391. Epub 2026 Apr 15. PMID- 41986183 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260715 IS - 0035-3787 (Print) IS - 0035-3787 (Linking) VI - 182 IP - 5 DP - 2026 May TI - Non-infectious environmental risk factors of multiple sclerosis: Mechanisms and intervention windows for prevention. PG - 455-466 LID - S0035-3787(26)00504-7 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.neurol.2026.03.010 [doi] AB - The trajectory of multiple sclerosis (MS) is shaped by complex interactions between genetic susceptibility and environmental factors. This review examines modifiable non-infectious determinants across the life course and proposes integrated prevention strategies. Key factors include vitamin D deficiency, low UV exposure, smoking, adolescent obesity, air pollution, and chemical environmental exposures. Mendelian randomization studies support the causality of several determinants, particularly low vitamin D and high BMI. Adolescence emerges as a critical susceptibility window where the maturing immune system is uniquely sensitive to metabolic and environmental triggers. Among validated interventions, vitamin D supplementation stands out for its ability to reduce disease activity in early MS. Effective prevention requires both individual actions and structural public health policies, such as air quality regulations and urban "walkability". Future efforts should prioritize multimodal strategies targeting high-risk youths through the educational system (physical activity, weight management, and smoking prevention). These holistic approaches offer broad-spectrum benefits, reducing the burden of MS while preventing comorbidities, including cardiovascular, metabolic but also cancer. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.. All rights reserved. FAU - Rival, M AU - Rival M AD - Inserm, Service de Neurologie, CNRS, IGF, Universite de Montpellier, CHU de Nimes, Nimes, France. FAU - Thouvenot, E AU - Thouvenot E AD - Inserm, Service de Neurologie, CNRS, IGF, Universite de Montpellier, CHU de Nimes, Nimes, France. Electronic address: eric.thouvenot@chu-nimes.fr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260414 PL - France TA - Rev Neurol (Paris) JT - Revue neurologique JID - 2984779R RN - 1406-16-2 (Vitamin D) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Multiple Sclerosis/prevention & control/etiology/epidemiology MH - Risk Factors MH - *Environmental Exposure/adverse effects MH - Vitamin D Deficiency/complications MH - Obesity/complications MH - Vitamin D MH - Smoking/adverse effects OTO - NOTNLM OT - Environmental risk factors OT - Multiple sclerosis OT - Obesity OT - Smoking OT - Vitamin D COIS- Disclosure of interest The authors declare that they have no competing interest. EDAT- 2026/04/16 00:32 MHDA- 2026/05/13 00:29 CRDT- 2026/04/15 21:54 PHST- 2026/02/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/13 00:29 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/16 00:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/15 21:54 [entrez] AID - S0035-3787(26)00504-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.neurol.2026.03.010 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Rev Neurol (Paris). 2026 May;182(5):455-466. doi: 10.1016/j.neurol.2026.03.010. Epub 2026 Apr 14. PMID- 41985778 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260819 LR - 20260819 IS - 1097-6868 (Electronic) IS - 0002-9378 (Linking) VI - 235 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Screening for large-for-gestational-age neonates at term: evidence of a labeling effect and increased intervention without neonatal benefit. PG - 686-698 LID - S0002-9378(26)00195-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ajog.2026.04.015 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Routine third-trimester ultrasound screening for suspected large-for-gestational-age (LGA) and macrosomic fetuses is increasingly used to guide obstetric management and reduce delivery-related morbidity. However, ultrasound estimation of fetal weight at term has limited diagnostic accuracy, and evidence supporting interventions to reduce morbidity in large fetuses remains limited. Together, these uncertainties raise questions regarding the benefit of routine ultrasound screening for fetal largeness at term. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of routine third-trimester ultrasound for detecting large-for-gestational-age and macrosomic neonates at term and the impact of inaccurate prenatal diagnosis on obstetric management and perinatal outcomes. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective cohort study of 21,743 singleton pregnancies undergoing routine 35 to 37 weeks of ultrasound at a tertiary referral center. Pregnancies with major fetal anomalies, genetic abnormalities, or missing outcome data were excluded. Estimated fetal weight >/=90th centile defined screen-positive status; birthweight >/=90th centile and >4000 g defined large-for-gestational-age and macrosomia at birth, respectively. Study outcomes included mode of delivery and composite adverse perinatal outcomes comprising maternal and neonatal outcomes. Composite adverse maternal outcomes included postpartum hemorrhage, high dependency or intensive care unit admission, obstetric anal sphincter injury, and intrapartum cesarean delivery, while composite adverse neonatal outcomes included neonatal intensive care unit admission >48 hours, continuous positive airway pressure support, mechanical ventilation, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, intraventricular hemorrhage, respiratory distress syndrome, seizures, hypoglycemia, transient tachypnea of the newborn, meconium aspiration syndrome, and death. Adjusted relative risks with 95% confidence intervals were estimated using modified Poisson regression, adjusting for maternal and pregnancy characteristics. Diagnostic performance measures, including sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, positive and negative likelihood ratios, and 95% confidence intervals, were calculated. The interval between the index test and reference standard was the time from ultrasound to delivery. Clinicians were aware of ultrasound findings, which informed counseling and management. Results are reported as adjusted relative risks with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: Ultrasound screening showed a sensitivity of 34.9% (33.2-36.6) for large-for-gestational-age and 35.6% (33.5-37.9) for macrosomia, with specificity of 97.4% (97.2-97.6) and 95.6% (95.3-95.9), respectively. Screen-positive pregnancies were significantly less likely to attempt labor (adjusted relative risk, 0.87; 95% confidence interval, 0.84-0.90; P<.001) and more likely to undergo intrapartum cesarean delivery (adjusted relative risk, 1.47; 95% confidence interval, 1.30-1.67; P<.001), with higher risks of composite adverse maternal (adjusted relative risk, 1.43; 95% confidence interval, 1.32-1.55; P<.001) and neonatal (adjusted relative risk, 2.37; 95% confidence interval, 1.85-3.05; P<.001) outcomes. Compared to true-positive cases, false-negative cases were associated with significantly lower rates of induction of labor (adjusted relative risk, 0.74; 95% confidence interval, 0.68-0.81; P<.001), intrapartum cesarean delivery (adjusted relative risk, 0.70; 95% confidence interval, 0.59-0.83; P<.001), and composite adverse maternal outcomes (adjusted relative risk, 0.87; 95% confidence interval, 0.77-0.98; P<.032), with no increased risk of adverse neonatal outcomes (adjusted relative risk, 0.77; 95% confidence interval, 0.56-1.06; P=.12). Compared to true-negative cases, false-positive cases experienced higher rates of operative vaginal delivery (adjusted relative risk, 1.29; 95% confidence interval, 1.07-1.57; P<.001), intrapartum cesarean delivery (adjusted relative risk, 1.25; 95% confidence interval, 1.0-1.55; P=.045), and composite adverse maternal outcomes (adjusted relative risk, 1.28; 95% confidence interval, 1.11-1.48; P<.001) with no difference in the risk of adverse neonatal outcomes (adjusted relative risk, 1.35; 95% confidence interval, 0.72-2.53; P=.347) CONCLUSION: Routine third-trimester ultrasound screening for suspected large-for-gestational-age and macrosomia demonstrates limited diagnostic performance and appears to generate a labeling effect, whereby obstetric intervention and some adverse outcomes may be influenced more by suspected large-for-gestational-age status than by fetal size itself. These findings raise questions about the benefit of universal large-for-gestational-age screening at term and support consideration of more individualized, risk-based approaches to late-pregnancy assessment. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Lopian, Miriam AU - Lopian M AD - Fetal Medicine, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayanei Hayeshua Medical Centre, Bnei Brak, Israel Tel Aviv, Israel. FAU - Ulusoy, Can Ozan AU - Ulusoy CO AD - Ministry of Health, Etlik City Hospital, Perinatology Department, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Mohamed, Doaa AU - Mohamed D AD - Fetal Medicine, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Segal, Ella AU - Segal E AD - Ministry of Health, Etlik City Hospital, Perinatology Department, Ankara, Turkey; Gray School of Medicine, Tel Aviv Univerisity, Tel Aviv, Israel. FAU - Khalil, Asma AU - Khalil A AD - Fetal Medicine, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Vascular Biology Research Centre, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, City St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom; Fetal Medicine Unit, Liverpool Women's Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom. Electronic address: akhalil@sgul.ac.uk. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260414 PL - United States TA - Am J Obstet Gynecol JT - American journal of obstetrics and gynecology JID - 0370476 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Fetal Macrosomia/diagnostic imaging/epidemiology MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Infant, Large for Gestational Age MH - *Ultrasonography, Prenatal MH - Adult MH - Pregnancy Trimester, Third MH - Fetal Weight MH - Hypoglycemia/epidemiology MH - Cesarean Section/statistics & numerical data MH - Gestational Age MH - Meconium Aspiration Syndrome/epidemiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - abdominal circumference OT - estimated fetal weight OT - fetal biometry OT - large for gestational age OT - macrosomia OT - screening OT - third-trimester ultrasound EDAT- 2026/04/16 13:09 MHDA- 2026/08/19 23:42 CRDT- 2026/04/15 19:40 PHST- 2025/12/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/19 23:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/16 13:09 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/15 19:40 [entrez] AID - S0002-9378(26)00195-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ajog.2026.04.015 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2026 Sep;235(3):686-698. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2026.04.015. Epub 2026 Apr 14. PMID- 41985735 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260715 IS - 1879-176X (Electronic) IS - 0300-5712 (Linking) VI - 170 DP - 2026 Jul TI - AI-based classification of pediatric sagittal skeletal patterns using multi-view facial photographs. PG - 106697 LID - S0300-5712(26)00368-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jdent.2026.106697 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: The increasing global demand to assess pediatric skeletal malocclusions poses a growing challenge, as current screening methods are dependent on availability of orthodontists and X-rays, which limits accessibility. This study aimed to develop and validate an artificial intelligence (AI) model based on facial photographs to predict pediatric sagittal skeletal pattern classifications and to explore its feasibility for radiation-free early screening of pediatric skeletal malocclusion. METHODS: Facial photographs and lateral cephalograms were collected retrospectively from a cohort of 2033 pediatric patients at a stomatology hospital between 2013 and 2023. The dataset was divided into a training (n = 1789) and an independent test set (n = 244). Data were annotated, preprocessed, and augmented. Six backbones were compared, and ConvNeXt-T was selected as the optimal backbone. An innovative primary- auxiliary feature fusion strategy was adopted to identify the primary feature inputs and we first trained four single-view models. Subsequently, the primary and auxiliary features from other views were fused to construct four multi-view feature fusion models. Performance was evaluated by using five-fold cross-validation, with Grad-CAM visualizing key feature areas. Finally, the optimal model was clinically validated against practicing orthodontists on the independent test set. RESULTS: The 90 degrees profile model achieved the highest accuracy of 86.36% among all single-view models. The optimal multi-view model further improved the accuracy to 88.30% (recall=81.79%, specificity=91.22%). Using the independent test set, the model's agreement with the gold standard was 9.25% higher than junior level orthodontists and 7.43% higher than intermediate orthodontists (both P < 0.05), and closely aligns with senior professionals (difference: 2.70%). Grad-CAM confirmed focus on the nasolabial and chin contour regions. CONCLUSIONS: An innovative method was successfully established to predict pediatric sagittal skeletal patterns with high accuracy (>88%) using multi-dimensional facial characteristics. This lays the groundwork for a non-clinical, photographic screening approach for identify pediatric skeletal malocclusions. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: This method provides a feasible, radiation-free solution for early large-scale screening in non-clinical settings, supporting initial referral decisions while promoting early interventions and stratified management of children's oral health. It should be emphasized that this tool is intended primarily to assist screenings and referrals, rather than replacing the essential work of expert professionals. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Peng, Ying AU - Peng Y AD - Guangxi University, School of Computer, Electronics and Information, Nanning, 530004, China. FAU - Nan, Lan AU - Nan L AD - Guangxi Medical University College of Stomatology, Nanning 530021, China. FAU - Chen, Wenkang AU - Chen W AD - Guangxi University, School of Electrical Engineering, Nanning, 530004, China. FAU - Zeng, Xiaojuan AU - Zeng X AD - Guangxi Medical University College of Stomatology, Nanning 530021, China. FAU - Tang, Min AU - Tang M AD - Guangxi Medical University College of Stomatology, Nanning 530021, China; Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning 530021, China. Electronic address: KQ100895@sr.gxmu.edu.cn. FAU - Zhang, Xuejun AU - Zhang X AD - Guangxi University, School of Computer, Electronics and Information, Nanning, 530004, China. Electronic address: xjzhang@gxu.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260413 PL - England TA - J Dent JT - Journal of dentistry JID - 0354422 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Artificial Intelligence MH - Child MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Photography/methods MH - *Malocclusion/diagnosis/diagnostic imaging/classification MH - Cephalometry/methods MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Face/anatomy & histology/diagnostic imaging OTO - NOTNLM OT - Convolutional neural networks OT - Facial photographs OT - Multi-view feature fusion OT - Pediatrics OT - Sagittal skeletal pattern OT - Screening OT - Skeletal malocclusion COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/04/16 13:09 MHDA- 2026/05/09 00:34 CRDT- 2026/04/15 19:39 PHST- 2025/12/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/09 00:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/16 13:09 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/15 19:39 [entrez] AID - S0300-5712(26)00368-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jdent.2026.106697 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Dent. 2026 Jul;170:106697. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2026.106697. Epub 2026 Apr 13. PMID- 41984914 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260813 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 4 DP - 2026 TI - Validating self-reported exclusive breastfeeding in Eswatini using stable isotope techniques. PG - e0346799 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0346799 [doi] LID - e0346799 AB - Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) prevalence at the population level is typically assessed through maternal or caregiver reports, which are prone to recall and social desirability biases. The deuterium oxide dose-to-mother (DTM) technique offers an objective alternative by administering a small amount of deuterium-labeled water to lactating mothers. This study compared the prevalence of EBF from maternal recall versus the DTM method in Eswatini and evaluated the strengths and limitations of both approaches in assessing infant feeding practices linked to malnutrition. A total of 102 mother-infant pairs were recruited from three regional hospitals and three health centers in Eswatini. EBF was assessed by maternal recall using the WHO 24-hour infant feeding recall method and objectively measured using the DTM stable isotope technique at three infant age intervals: 6 weeks to 2.4 months (n = 26), 2.5 to 4.0 months (n = 43), and 4.1 to 5.5 months (n = 33). Two cutoff values defined EBF status via the stable isotope method. Agreement between maternal recall and DTM measurements was analyzed using Kappa statistics. Maternal recall consistently overestimated EBF across all time points compared to the DTM method. Using Model 1 cutoffs, prevalences of EBF by maternal recall vs. DTM were 100% vs. 50% (40.0 kg/m(2); 142.1 versus 21.7 cGy x cm(2); 554.8%). The correlation of BMI and DAP was strong for both lateral and PA CXR (r = 0.614 and 0.641, both p<0.001). The best possible BMI thresholds to predict DRL exceedance were determined to be 26.5 kg/m(2) for lateral CXR (72.6% sensitivity / 76.1% specificity) and 27.8 kg/m(2) for PA radiograms (78.1% / 74.4%). CONCLUSION: BMI information facilitates prediction of DRL exceedance. The findings presented may serve as a basis for future discussions on whether BMI-dependent reference levels could help to optimize dose management in chest imaging. KEY POINTS: . Lateral views contribute the majority of radiation dose in two-view CXR.. . Patient BMI correlates strongly with dose exposure.. . Recording patient height and weight information is helpful for radiation dose management.. CITATION FORMAT: . Huflage H, Razinskas G, Weick S et al. Predicting Exceedance of the National Diagnostic Reference Levels for Two-view Chest Radiography in Germany based on Patients' Body Mass Index. Rofo 2026; DOI 10.1055/a-2810-5285. CI - Thieme. All rights reserved. FAU - Huflage, Henner AU - Huflage H AD - University Hospital Wurzburg, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, BY, Germany, Wurzburg. FAU - Razinskas, Gary AU - Razinskas G AD - University Hospital Wurzburg, Department of Radiation Oncology, BY, Germany, Wurzburg. FAU - Weick, Stefan AU - Weick S AD - University Hospital Wurzburg, Department of Radiation Oncology, BY, Germany, Wurzburg. FAU - Kunz, Andreas Steven AU - Kunz AS AD - University Hospital Wurzburg, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, BY, Germany, Wurzburg. FAU - Hendel, Robin AU - Hendel R AD - University Hospital Wurzburg, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, BY, Germany, Wurzburg. FAU - Wech, Tobias AU - Wech T AD - University Hospital Wurzburg, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, BY, Germany, Wurzburg. FAU - Muller, Lukas AU - Muller L AD - University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Department for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Germany, Mainz. FAU - Bley, Thorsten AU - Bley T AD - University Hospital Wurzburg, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, BY, Germany, Wurzburg. FAU - Grunz, Jan-Peter AU - Grunz JP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4524-1620 AD - University Hospital Wurzburg, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, BY, Germany, Wurzburg. LA - eng PT - Journal Article TT - Vorhersage von Uberschreitungen der diagnostischen Referenzwerte fur die Thorax-Radiografie in Deutschland auf der Grundlage des Body-Mass-Index. DEP - 20260414 PL - Germany TA - Rofo JT - RoFo : Fortschritte auf dem Gebiete der Rontgenstrahlen und der Nuklearmedizin JID - 7507497 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Body Mass Index MH - *Radiography, Thoracic/standards/statistics & numerical data MH - Germany/epidemiology MH - Female MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Radiation Dosage MH - Adult MH - Diagnostic Reference Levels MH - Aged MH - Sensitivity and Specificity MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - Reference Values COIS- Thorsten Bley and Jan-Peter Grunz have received speaker honoraria from Siemens Healthineers within the last three years. The Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology at University Hospital Wurzburg receives ongoing research funding from Siemens Healthineers. EDAT- 2026/04/15 00:34 MHDA- 2026/08/26 23:35 CRDT- 2026/04/14 18:52 PHST- 2026/08/26 23:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/15 00:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/14 18:52 [entrez] AID - 10.1055/a-2810-5285 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Rofo. 2026 Sep;198(9):1206-1212. doi: 10.1055/a-2810-5285. Epub 2026 Apr 14. PMID- 41980491 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260820 LR - 20260821 IS - 1879-680X (Electronic) IS - 1761-7727 (Linking) VI - 24 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Sep TI - A comparison of spheno-occipital synchondrosis fusion, hand-wrist maturation, and cervical vertebral maturation for assessing skeletal maturation in Chinese adolescents: A cross-sectional study. PG - 101166 LID - S1761-7227(26)00029-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ortho.2026.101166 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of spheno-occipital synchondrosis fusion stages as a skeletal maturity indicator by comparing it with the established Bjork hand-wrist maturation (HWM) index and Baccetti cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) stages. METHODS: CBCT scans, hand-wrist radiographs, and lateral cephalograms of 177 patients (78 males, 99 females; aged 7.3-16.9years) were evaluated to determine the stages of SOS fusion, HWM, and CVM, respectively. Spearman correlation coefficients and weighted kappa coefficients were used to assess the pairwise correlations and the degree of agreement. The diagnostic performance of each SOS stage for identifying its corresponding HWM or CVM stage was evaluated using ROC curve analysis. RESULTS: A strong positive correlation and substantial agreement were observed between all pairs of skeletal maturity indicators in both sexes. Regarding agreement, SOS and HWM showed the highest concordance (males: kappa=0.781; females: kappa=0.788), followed by CVM and HWM (males: kappa=0.752; females: kappa=0.717), and then SOS and CVM (males: kappa=0.722; females: kappa=0.692). Among females, SOS and HWM showed the strongest correlation (r=0.891), followed by CVM and HWM (r=0.861), and SOS and CVM (r=0.830). Among males, CVM and HWM had the highest correlation (r=0.883), followed by SOS and HWM (r=0.877), and SOS and CVM (r=0.838). CONCLUSION: SOS fusion demonstrated strong correlations and overall substantial agreement with both HWM and CVM, supporting its use as a valid and reliable indicator of skeletal maturity. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 CEO. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. FAU - Ouyang, Tingting AU - Ouyang T AD - Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction & Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Liu, Haibo AU - Liu H AD - Department of Stomatology, Xiangnan Hospital Affiliated to Hunan Normal University/922th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA. FAU - Liu, Chang AU - Liu C AD - Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction & Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Shi, Qilu AU - Shi Q AD - Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction & Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Liu, Yajuan AU - Liu Y AD - Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction & Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Wu, Xiaoxue AU - Wu X AD - Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction & Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: xiaoxueW@gzhmu.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260413 PL - France TA - Int Orthod JT - International orthodontics JID - 101184882 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Age Determination by Skeleton/methods MH - Bone Development MH - Cephalometry MH - *Cervical Vertebrae/growth & development/diagnostic imaging MH - China MH - Cone-Beam Computed Tomography MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Hand/growth & development/diagnostic imaging MH - *Occipital Bone/growth & development/diagnostic imaging MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - *Sphenoid Bone/growth & development/diagnostic imaging MH - *Wrist/growth & development/diagnostic imaging OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cervical vertebrae maturation OT - Growth prediction OT - Hand-wrist maturation OT - Spheno-occipital synchondrosis EDAT- 2026/04/15 00:33 MHDA- 2026/08/20 23:35 CRDT- 2026/04/14 18:28 PHST- 2025/12/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/20 23:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/15 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/14 18:28 [entrez] AID - S1761-7227(26)00029-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ortho.2026.101166 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int Orthod. 2026 Sep;24(3):101166. doi: 10.1016/j.ortho.2026.101166. Epub 2026 Apr 13. PMID- 41980427 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260616 LR - 20260813 IS - 1878-9307 (Electronic) IS - 1878-9293 (Print) IS - 1878-9293 (Linking) VI - 79 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Effects of orienteering exercise on spatial visualization ability in preschool children aged 4-5 years: Behavioral and fNIRS evidence. PG - 101725 LID - S1878-9293(26)00060-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.dcn.2026.101725 [doi] LID - 101725 AB - Using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), this study examined cortical activation differences during a mental rotation task in 4-5-year-old children with varying levels of spatial visualization ability, and further compared the effects of Orienteering and Aerobic exercise in children with low spatial visualization ability. In Experiment 1, 186 children aged 4-5 years were divided into high and low spatial visualization groups based on median performance. Cortical activation and functional connectivity (FC) during a mental rotation task were compared. In Experiment 2, children with low spatial visualization ability were randomly assigned to an orienteering group or an aerobic exercise group and completed a 12-week intervention, with pre- and post-intervention behavioral and fNIRS assessments. Results from Experiment 1 showed that, during the task, the high spatial visualization group exhibited significantly lower activation in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (L-DLPFC) but higher activation in the left primary motor cortex (L-M1), along with stronger FC within the prefrontal-somatosensory-visual association pathway, compared with the low spatial visualization group. In Experiment 2, linear mixed model (LMM) analyses revealed that, compared with the aerobic exercise group, the orienteering group showed greater improvements in mental rotation accuracy and higher neural processing efficiency, as reflected by reduced activation in the L-DLPFC and visual association cortex (VAC), as well as enhanced FC within the prefrontal cortex and between prefrontal, somatosensory, and visual association regions. Mediation analysis further indicated that changes in L-DLPFC activation significantly mediated the relationship between intervention type and improvements in mental rotation performance, whereas the mediating effect of L-DLPFC-VAC FC was not significant. In summary, children with high spatial visualization ability exhibit greater neural efficiency and more optimized patterns of inter-regional brain coordination, while Orienteering exercise enhances neural efficiency and functional coordination in children with low spatial visualization ability, with changes in L-DLPFC activation playing a key mediating role in performance improvement. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Yu, Jiajia AU - Yu J AD - School of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China. FAU - Liu, Yang AU - Liu Y AD - School of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China. Electronic address: Liuyang0330@snnu.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260409 PL - Netherlands TA - Dev Cogn Neurosci JT - Developmental cognitive neuroscience JID - 101541838 SB - IM EIN - Dev Cogn Neurosci. 2026 Jun;79:101757. doi: 10.1016/j.dcn.2026.101757. PMID: 42276963 MH - Humans MH - Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared MH - Child, Preschool MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Exercise/physiology MH - *Space Perception/physiology MH - Brain Mapping MH - Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex/physiology MH - Motor Cortex/physiology PMC - PMC13092867 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Functional near infrared spectral imaging system（fNIRS） OT - Neuroplasticity OT - Orienteering OT - Preschool Children OT - Spatial visualization COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare no competing interest. EDAT- 2026/04/15 00:32 MHDA- 2026/06/17 00:36 PMCR- 2026/04/09 CRDT- 2026/04/14 18:08 PHST- 2026/01/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/17 00:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/15 00:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/14 18:08 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1878-9293(26)00060-5 [pii] AID - 101725 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.dcn.2026.101725 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Dev Cogn Neurosci. 2026 Jun;79:101725. doi: 10.1016/j.dcn.2026.101725. Epub 2026 Apr 9. PMID- 41979151 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260814 LR - 20260814 IS - 1536-7312 (Electronic) IS - 0196-206X (Linking) VI - 47 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Jul-Aug 01 TI - Clinical Research Facilitators, Barriers, and Preferences of Parents of Children With Overweight and Obesity. PG - e453-e460 LID - 10.1097/DBP.0000000000001482 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Recruiting, enrolling, and retaining families in pediatric obesity clinical trials is challenging. This study examined perceptions of facilitators and barriers related to clinical research, and preferences of specific research formats, in parents of a child with overweight or obesity. Associations between parental research perceptions and sociodemographic and health factors were also explored. METHOD: A descriptive, cross-sectional online survey of 103 parents of children 2 to 17 years with overweight or obesity was conducted between May 2021 and March 2022 in the southeastern US. Barriers and facilitators of research participation, child weight status, child COVID-19 health care and parental COVID-19 stress, demographic characteristics (e.g., child age, child gender, child race/ethnicity, family income, geographic location), and preferences for specific research formats (e.g., telehealth, in person, group sessions, individual sessions, COVID-19 testing, single-dose COVID-19 vaccine, and multiple-dose COVID-19 vaccine) were assessed. Linear regression analyses were conducted. RESULTS: Parents endorsed more reasons and benefits for participation than mistrust, social pressure, and reasons against participation. Lower child body mass index was associated with higher perceptions of research participation benefits. Pandemic parental stress was associated with increased social pressure and benefits. Parents of non-Hispanic White and male youth endorsed more mistrust of clinical research. CONCLUSION: Findings can inform future pediatric overweight and obesity clinical research and trial designs to enable equitable recruitment, reduce participation burden, and increase feasibility and sustainability of interventions. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Wolters Kluwer Health, LLC. All rights reserved. FAU - Lim, Crystal S AU - Lim CS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7445-7463 AD - Department of Health Psychology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO. FAU - Patel, Devanshi J AU - Patel DJ AD - Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH. FAU - Casady, Hannah AU - Casady H AD - Department of Health Psychology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO. FAU - Sandridge, Shanda AU - Sandridge S AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS. FAU - Dodd, Cameronne A AU - Dodd CA AD - Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS; and. FAU - Malloch, Lacy AU - Malloch L AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS. FAU - Annett, Robert D AU - Annett RD AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM. LA - eng GR - 5U54GM115428/NIGMS/NIH/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260414 PL - United States TA - J Dev Behav Pediatr JT - Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBP JID - 8006933 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Child MH - *Parents/psychology MH - Adolescent MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Pediatric Obesity/therapy MH - Child, Preschool MH - Adult MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - *Biomedical Research MH - Overweight OTO - NOTNLM OT - child health research OT - clinical trial recruitment OT - parental attitudes OT - pediatric overweight COIS- Disclosure: The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/14 12:35 MHDA- 2026/08/14 17:39 CRDT- 2026/04/14 07:13 PHST- 2025/08/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/14 17:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/14 12:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/14 07:13 [entrez] AID - 00004703-990000000-00361 [pii] AID - 10.1097/DBP.0000000000001482 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2026 Jul-Aug 01;47(4):e453-e460. doi: 10.1097/DBP.0000000000001482. Epub 2026 Apr 14. PMID- 41979075 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260813 IS - 1365-2516 (Electronic) IS - 1351-8216 (Print) IS - 1351-8216 (Linking) VI - 32 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Jul-Aug TI - Haemophilia Joint Health Score Ranges Across the Lifespan: Variation by Haemophilia Type and Severity. PG - 1016-1024 LID - 10.1111/hae.70283 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: The Haemophilia Joint Health Score (HJHS) is a validated physical exam measure of haemophilic arthropathy, used clinically to determine treatment adequacy. Higher scores are worse; however, there is no consensus on a clinically significant score. AIM: To establish HJHS reference ranges based on age and haemophilia type and severity, relative to prophylaxis, inhibitor status, annualised bleeding rate and body mass index. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional analysis of HJHS exams performed between 2012 and 2021 by the University of Colorado Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center in persons with Factor VIII or IX <50%. For each haemophilia type, severity and age group, reference ranges were defined using interquartile ranges, and the percentage of joints with scores overlapping healthy controls were calculated. Univariate and multivariable linear regression determined the influence of modifiers on total HJHS. The association between total HJHS and pain on exam was also evaluated. RESULTS: Initial analysis of all participants showed female and male HJHS values to be statistically different for reasons requiring further investigation; subsequent analyses were limited to males. Multivariable linear regression derived from data on 385 males showed that for each 1-year age increase, total HJHS was 0.5 points higher. Total HJHS were 3.9 points higher in Haemophilia A than Haemophilia B. Ranked haemophilia severity (severe > moderate > mild) incurred 2.4 point increases in total HJHS. Pain was present in 76% of joints with individual joint scores >10. CONCLUSION: This study quantifies current differences in total HJHS relative to haemophilia type, severity, age and treatment in males. CI - (c) 2026 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Warren, Beth Boulden AU - Warren BB AD - University of Colorado Hemophilia and, Thrombosis Center, Aurora, Colorado, USA. FAU - Thornhill, Dianne AU - Thornhill D AD - University of Colorado Hemophilia and, Thrombosis Center, Aurora, Colorado, USA. FAU - Singer-Fox, Laura AU - Singer-Fox L AD - University of Colorado Hemophilia and, Thrombosis Center, Aurora, Colorado, USA. FAU - Smith, Julie AU - Smith J AD - University of Colorado Hemophilia and, Thrombosis Center, Aurora, Colorado, USA. FAU - Funk, Sharon AU - Funk S AD - University of Colorado Hemophilia and, Thrombosis Center, Aurora, Colorado, USA. FAU - Manco-Johnson, Marilyn AU - Manco-Johnson M AD - University of Colorado Hemophilia and, Thrombosis Center, Aurora, Colorado, USA. LA - eng GR - K23 HL151886/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - 2H30MC24049/Maternal Child Health Bureau and the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) of the US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)/ GR - Mountain States Hemophilia Network/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260414 PL - England TA - Haemophilia JT - Haemophilia : the official journal of the World Federation of Hemophilia JID - 9442916 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Hemophilia A/pathology/complications MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - Severity of Illness Index MH - Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Young Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - *Joints/pathology MH - Child, Preschool MH - Aged MH - *Hemophilia B MH - Infant PMC - PMC13318164 MID - NIHMS2174160 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Haemophilia A OT - Haemophilia B OT - haemarthrosis OT - joints OT - prophylaxis COIS- Beth Boulden Warren reports a relationship with Takeda Pharmaceuticals USA Inc and Sanofi that include consulting or advisory. Marilyn Manco-Johnson reports relationships with Genentech Inc and Roche that include consulting or advisory. Dianne Thornhill, Laura Singer-Fox, Julie Smith and Sharon Funk declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/04/14 12:35 MHDA- 2026/07/17 12:41 PMCR- 2026/07/17 CRDT- 2026/04/14 06:13 PHST- 2026/03/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/09/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/17 12:41 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/14 12:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/14 06:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - HAE70283 [pii] AID - 10.1111/hae.70283 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Haemophilia. 2026 Jul-Aug;32(4):1016-1024. doi: 10.1111/hae.70283. Epub 2026 Apr 14. PMID- 41978368 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260813 IS - 1460-6984 (Electronic) IS - 1368-2822 (Print) IS - 1368-2822 (Linking) VI - 61 IP - 3 DP - 2026 May-Jun TI - Investigation of Swallowing Performance and Family Impact in Children With Speech and Language Delay. PG - e70247 LID - 10.1111/1460-6984.70247 [doi] LID - e70247 AB - OBJECTIVE: This study aims to examine the relationship between delayed speech, feeding, and swallowing performance in children with speech and language delay (SLD) by comparing their feeding and swallowing performance with typically developing children, and to assess the impact of swallowing performance on families. METHODS: A total of 60 children aged 24-60 months whose mother language was Turkish and their families participated in the study. Participants were divided into two groups: 40 children diagnosed with SLD and 20 typically developing children. Swallowing performance were assessed using the Pediatric Eating Assessment Tool (PEDI EAT-10), the Oral Speech Mechanism Screening Examination-Third Edition (OSMSE-3), and the Karaduman Chewing Performance Scale (KCPS). Nutritional status was assessed using the Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS), while family impact was measured using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) and the Feeding/Swallowing Impact Survey (FS-IS). RESULTS: Results showed significant differences between the two groups in PEDI-EAT-10, OSMSE-3, and KCPS scores. The SLD group demonstrated significantly higher PEDI-EAT-10 scores (1.60 +/- 4.21) compared with the typically developing control (TDC) group (0.00 +/- 0.00; p = 0.011). Similarly, KCPS scores were significantly elevated in the SLD group (0.60 +/- 0.59) relative to the TDC group (0.05 +/- 0.22; p = 0.001). In contrast, the total OSMSE-3 score was significantly lower in the SLD group (40.40 +/- 7.49) than in the TDC group (48.80 +/- 2.07; p < 0.001), indicating poorer oral sensorimotor function among children with SLD. However, no significant difference was found in FOIS scores (p = 0.058). Regarding family impact, significant differences were observed in PedsQL and FS-IS scores (p = 0.001; p = 0.044). CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the swallowing performance and oral motor function of children with SLD were found to be significantly different from children without SLD. This suggests a possible association between motor planning deficits and the co-occurrence of speech and language disorders and swallowing dysfunction. In addition, families of children with SLD reported lower quality of life and greater concerns about feeding and swallowing. These findings underscore the importance of addressing both SLD and swallowing disorder concurrently in clinical practice. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS: What is already known on this subject Speech and language delay (SLD) is among the most common developmental disorders in early childhood and often co-occurs with feeding and swallowing difficulties. Both speech and swallowing rely on shared neuromuscular and motor planning processes, suggesting a potential link between the two. Previous studies indicate that early feeding/swallowing challenges may serve as risk indicators for later language impairments. However, existing research has primarily focused on communication and learning outcomes, with limited attention given to swallowing performance in children with isolated SLD and the psychosocial impact on their families. What this paper adds to the existing knowledge This study demonstrates that children with SLD exhibit significantly poorer swallowing performance and oral motor function compared to typically developing peers, despite showing no clinically significant nutritional limitations. It also highlights that families of children with SLD experience lower quality of life and greater daily challenges related to feeding and swallowing. By excluding confounding conditions such as neurological disorders and autism, this study provides clearer evidence of the association between SLD and swallowing dysfunction, as well as its negative impact on families-an area that has been largely underexplored in the literature. What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this study? The findings underscore the need for clinicians to assess swallowing and oral motor skills in children presenting with SLD, even when overt feeding problems are not reported. Early identification of swallowing difficulties can support timely interventions that may mitigate developmental challenges. Moreover, given the demonstrated impact on families, clinical management should incorporate caregiver support and family-centered approaches. Integrating swallowing assessments into routine SLD evaluations could improve diagnostic accuracy, guide multidisciplinary interventions, and ultimately enhance both child outcomes and family quality of life. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Royal College of Speech and Language Therapists. FAU - Koca, Fahri AU - Koca F AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-7264-2133 AD - Department of Speech and Language Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Atlas University, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Bengisu, Serkan AU - Bengisu S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6580-1189 AD - Department of Speech and Language Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Atlas University, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Demir, Numan AU - Demir N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6308-0237 AD - Hacettepe University Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Ankara, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Int J Lang Commun Disord JT - International journal of language & communication disorders JID - 9803709 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Language Development Disorders/psychology/physiopathology/complications/diagnosis MH - *Deglutition Disorders/psychology/diagnosis MH - Quality of Life MH - *Deglutition/physiology MH - Mastication MH - Turkey MH - Nutritional Status PMC - PMC13077260 OTO - NOTNLM OT - family quality of life OT - feeding and swallowing difficulties OT - feeding performance OT - oral motor functions OT - speech and language disorders OT - swallowing disorders EDAT- 2026/04/14 06:32 MHDA- 2026/04/14 06:33 PMCR- 2026/04/14 CRDT- 2026/04/14 02:53 PHST- 2026/03/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/08/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/14 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/14 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/14 02:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JLCD70247 [pii] AID - 10.1111/1460-6984.70247 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Lang Commun Disord. 2026 May-Jun;61(3):e70247. doi: 10.1111/1460-6984.70247. PMID- 41978199 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Apr 3 TI - Sustainable Eating in Saudi Arabia: Associations Between Food Sustainability Knowledge, Attitudes, Food Waste-Related Behaviours, and Dietary Choices Among Adults. LID - 10.3390/nu18071149 [doi] LID - 1149 AB - Background/Objectives: Sustainable food habits are essential for reducing the environmental impacts of a food system. We investigated food sustainability knowledge, attitudes, and food waste-related behaviours among Saudi adults and assessed their associations with socio-demographic characteristics and dietary choices, which are subjects that remain under-researched. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 855 Saudi adults (>/=18 years) using convenience sampling. Data were collected using a validated online questionnaire assessing sustainability knowledge, attitudes, food waste behaviours, dietary choices, and socio-demographic characteristics. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and linear regression analyses were performed using SPSS version 29. Results: Overall, 32% of the study population demonstrated adequate sustainability knowledge, 61% expressed positive attitudes towards food sustainability, and 45% demonstrated favourable food waste management. Women were more knowledgeable than men. Participants who possessed a better understanding of food sustainability consumed more vegetables, fruits, and bread and less processed meat. Those with a positive attitude towards food sustainability exhibited higher consumption of red meat, white meat, eggs, milk, yogurt, cheese, vegetables, fruits, bread, and sweet or savoury snacks. Meanwhile, individuals with better food waste behaviours demonstrated significantly lower consumption of legumes, fish, pasta, red meat, white meat, processed meat, eggs, milk, yogurt, cheese, fruits, bread, and sweet or savoury snacks. Conclusions: Saudi adults possess limited knowledge of sustainability and suboptimal food waste behaviours despite having relatively positive attitudes. These findings highlight opportunities for intervention. Public education, targeted campaigns, and media communication could enhance sustainability awareness and promote healthier, environmentally sustainable dietary patterns. FAU - Alghamdi, Areej A AU - Alghamdi AA AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-4269-1719 AD - Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22254, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Aljefree, Najlaa M AU - Aljefree NM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9598-7140 AD - Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22254, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Shatwan, Israa M AU - Shatwan IM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0222-9135 AD - Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22254, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Almoraie, Noha M AU - Almoraie NM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2212-1255 AD - Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22254, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260403 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 0 (Food Loss and Waste) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Saudi Arabia MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MH - Adult MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Food Loss and Waste MH - Middle Aged MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Young Adult MH - *Diet MH - *Food Preferences MH - Adolescent MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Choice Behavior PMC - PMC13075233 OTO - NOTNLM OT - attitude OT - behaviour OT - dietary choices OT - knowledge OT - sustainable food habits COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/14 06:31 MHDA- 2026/04/14 06:32 PMCR- 2026/04/03 CRDT- 2026/04/14 01:11 PHST- 2026/01/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/14 06:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/14 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/14 01:11 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18071149 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01149 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18071149 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Apr 3;18(7):1149. doi: 10.3390/nu18071149. PMID- 41978182 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Mar 31 TI - Measuring the Ecological Footprint of Eating Behaviors: A Psychometric Study on the Turkish Version of the EREC Scale. LID - 10.3390/nu18071132 [doi] LID - 1132 AB - BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to determine the validity and reliability of the Eating-Related Eco-Concern (EREC) in young Turkish adults and to evaluate the effect of ecological concerns on disordered eating characteristics, with a view to comparing these effects with the risk of eating disorders. METHODS: The study included 600 young adults (138 males and 462 females) aged 18 to 35. Using face-to-face administration, the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q-13) Short Form to assess eating disorder-related psychopathology and the EREC Scale to assess eating behaviors related to eco-concern were administered, and Turkish validity and reliability were examined. RESULTS: The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) was 0.801, signifying acceptable sample adequacy, while Bartlett's test of sphericity was significant (chi(2) = 636.159, p < 0.001). All item factor loadings ranged from 0.582 to 0.767 and were statistically significant (p < 0.001). The scale's Cronbach's alpha was 0.854. Test-retest reliability was good, with an infraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.811 95% CI. The analysis revealed that the single-factor model demonstrated an acceptable fit to the data (chi(2)/df = 2.84, CFI = 0.976). There was no statistically significant correlation between EREC and the total EDE-Q-13 score (p = 0.064). On the other hand, the total EDE-Q-13 score was identified as a significant negative predictor of EREC scores (beta = -2.648, p = 0.028). CONCLUSIONS: All item factors of the Turkish adaptation of the scale exhibit a structure that is quite consistent with the original scale. The 10-question version of EREC can be used with young adults in Turkiye. In this study, although ecological anxiety was associated with eating restraint or purging, it was not found to be generally associated with eating disorders. FAU - Ayhan, Busra AU - Ayhan B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8617-8552 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara 06490, Turkiye. FAU - Govez, Nazlican Erdogan AU - Govez NE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2969-4109 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara 06490, Turkiye. FAU - Bilici, Saniye AU - Bilici S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1235-0329 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara 06490, Turkiye. FAU - Koksal, Eda AU - Koksal E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7930-9910 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara 06490, Turkiye. FAU - Tekin, Nasminel AU - Tekin N AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-4163-1867 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara 06490, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260331 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Turkey MH - Female MH - *Psychometrics MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - *Feeding and Eating Disorders/diagnosis/psychology MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - Adult MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13074659 OTO - NOTNLM OT - EDE-Q-13 OT - EREC OT - eating behavior OT - eco-concern OT - validation COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/14 06:31 MHDA- 2026/04/14 06:32 PMCR- 2026/03/31 CRDT- 2026/04/14 01:11 PHST- 2026/02/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/14 06:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/14 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/14 01:11 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18071132 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01132 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18071132 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Mar 31;18(7):1132. doi: 10.3390/nu18071132. PMID- 41978179 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Mar 31 TI - Association Between Mineral Intake and Cognitive Performance in Spanish Adults with Overweight and Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Study. LID - 10.3390/nu18071129 [doi] LID - 1129 AB - Background/Objectives: While adequate mineral intake is essential for brain health and cognitive function across the lifespan, the potential impact of excessive consumption remains underexplored. This study aimed to examine the association between dietary intake of selected minerals, with particular focus on iron and zinc, and cognitive performance in Spanish adults with obesity, particularly in executive-related domains such as reasoning, cognitive flexibility, and working memory. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 230 Spanish adults (18-65 years) from the Tech4Diet-Person project. Sociodemographic, dietary, and cognitive data were collected between 2021 and 2024. Cognitive function was assessed using the validated computerized CogniFit battery, and mineral intake was estimated through a food frequency questionnaire (93 items). Individuals with neurological, metabolic, or psychiatric disorders, as well as pregnant or lactating women, were excluded. Results: Participants had a mean age of 45.91 (+/-9.92) years. Nominal differences in mineral intake were observed across specific executive cognitive domains. Higher dietary iron intake was associated with lower performance in reasoning and cognitive flexibility, while higher zinc intake was associated with lower working memory performance. In adjusted logistic regression models, higher iron intake was independently associated with increased odds of low reasoning performance (OR = 1.25; p = 0.006), and higher zinc intake was associated with increased odds of low working memory performance (OR = 1.36; p = 0.024), after controlling for age, educational level, BMI, and total energy intake. Conclusions: Higher self-reported intake of iron and zinc showed nominal associations with lower performance in specific executive domains. These findings should be considered exploratory and require confirmation in longitudinal and biomarker-based studies. FAU - Tome-Fernandez, Mario AU - Tome-Fernandez M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-1471-8260 AD - Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Health Science, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain. FAU - Martin-Manchado, Laura AU - Martin-Manchado L AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-4889-4967 AD - Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain. FAU - Sanchez-Sansegundo, Miriam AU - Sanchez-Sansegundo M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2114-6503 AD - Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Health Science, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain. AD - Alicante Health and Biomedical Research Institute, ISABIAL Foundation, 03010 Alicante, Spain. FAU - Zaragoza-Marti, Ana AU - Zaragoza-Marti A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8865-2326 AD - Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain. AD - Alicante Health and Biomedical Research Institute, ISABIAL Foundation, 03010 Alicante, Spain. FAU - Azorin-Lopez, Jorge AU - Azorin-Lopez J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4762-6927 AD - Department of Computer Science and Technology, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain. FAU - Hurtado-Sanchez, Jose Antonio AU - Hurtado-Sanchez JA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6363-2385 AD - Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Health Science, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain. AD - Alicante Health and Biomedical Research Institute, ISABIAL Foundation, 03010 Alicante, Spain. LA - eng GR - PID2023-149562OB-I00/Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260331 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - J41CSQ7QDS (Zinc) RN - 0 (Minerals) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - Adult MH - Male MH - Spain MH - *Cognition MH - *Obesity/psychology MH - *Overweight/psychology MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Zinc/administration & dosage MH - Executive Function MH - Cognitive Flexibility MH - Aged MH - Memory, Short-Term MH - *Diet MH - *Minerals/administration & dosage PMC - PMC13075055 OTO - NOTNLM OT - cognitive performance OT - executive function OT - iron OT - micronutrients OT - mineral intake OT - nutrition OT - zinc COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2026/04/14 06:32 MHDA- 2026/04/14 06:33 PMCR- 2026/03/31 CRDT- 2026/04/14 01:11 PHST- 2026/02/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/14 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/14 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/14 01:11 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18071129 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01129 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18071129 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Mar 31;18(7):1129. doi: 10.3390/nu18071129. PMID- 41978166 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260818 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Mar 31 TI - Lifetime Soy Intake and Adult Mammographic Density in Chinese Premenopausal Women. LID - 10.3390/nu18071116 [doi] LID - 1116 AB - Background: Soy intake has been proposed as a protective factor for breast cancer, especially when exposure occurs early in life. Mammographic density (MD) is a strong predictor of breast cancer risk, but evidence linking soy intake at specific life stages to adult mammographic density remains limited. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the associations between dietary soy intake at different life stages and MD in premenopausal Chinese women. Methods: Dietary soy intake was assessed using a validated soy food frequency questionnaire for the past 12 months and retrospectively for earlier life stages (childhood: 6-12 years; adolescence: 13-18 years; young adulthood: 20-34 years), with recall aided by a life history calendar. MD was measured from bilateral cranio-caudal mammograms using a standardized computer-assisted method. Multivariable regression models were used to evaluate associations between soy protein and isoflavone intake at different life stages and MD, adjusting for relevant confounders. Results: Among 815 premenopausal women (mean age 40.9 y), mean current soy protein and isoflavone intakes were 10.3 g/day and 22.0 mg/day, respectively. Soy intakes across life stages were moderately correlated (r = 0.33-0.81). After multivariable adjustment, soy protein intake during adolescence (beta = -0.067, SE = 0.029, p = 0.023) and childhood (beta = -0.071, SE = 0.032, p = 0.028) was significantly and inversely associated with adult MD. Young adult intake showed a non-significant inverse trend (beta = -0.052, p = 0.075), and current intake showed no association (p = 0.93). Higher mean early-life (ages 6-18) and life course soy intakes were also inversely associated with MD (beta range: -0.077 to -0.082; all p < 0.05). Women with consistently high early-life soy intake had 5.8-6.6% lower adjusted MD than those with consistently low intake. Conclusions: Early-life soy exposure may influence adult breast tissue composition and represents a potentially modifiable protective factor in breast cancer prevention. These findings carry important public health implications, particularly for populations experiencing dietary westernization. FAU - Ho, Suzanne C AU - Ho SC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5232-2886 AD - JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China. FAU - Boyd, Norman F AU - Boyd NF AD - Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and Imaging Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada. FAU - Tam, Wilson W S AU - Tam WWS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0641-3060 AD - Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore. FAU - Yeo, Winnie AU - Yeo W AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0863-8469 AD - Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China. FAU - Chu, Winnie C W AU - Chu WCW AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4962-4132 AD - Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China. FAU - So, Edwina K F AU - So EKF AD - JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China. FAU - Yu, Ruby AU - Yu R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7051-4689 AD - JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China. FAU - Woo, Jean AU - Woo J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7593-3081 AD - Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China. LA - eng GR - 2003/81/World Cancer Research Fund International/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260331 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 0 (Soybean Proteins) RN - 0 (Isoflavones) RN - Chinese people SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Adult MH - *Premenopause MH - *Breast Density MH - Adolescent MH - China MH - Young Adult MH - *Soybean Proteins/administration & dosage MH - *Soy Foods MH - *Breast Neoplasms/prevention & control MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Child MH - Mammography MH - *Diet MH - Isoflavones/administration & dosage MH - Risk Factors MH - Middle Aged MH - East Asian People PMC - PMC13074378 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Chinese premenopausal women OT - life course exposure OT - mammographic density OT - soy protein COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/14 06:32 MHDA- 2026/04/14 06:33 PMCR- 2026/03/31 CRDT- 2026/04/14 01:11 PHST- 2026/03/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/14 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/14 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/14 01:11 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18071116 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01116 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18071116 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Mar 31;18(7):1116. doi: 10.3390/nu18071116. PMID- 41978161 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Mar 30 TI - Establish Global Nutrition Research Strategies: The Meeting Report of the First SIOP Nutrition Research Forum. LID - 10.3390/nu18071112 [doi] LID - 1112 AB - Despite strong evidence linking nutritional status to treatment efficacy and survival in pediatric cancer, significant knowledge gaps and practice variation persist globally. On 24th October 2025, the International Society of Paediatric Oncology (SIOP) Nutrition Network, in collaboration with Prinsess Maxima Center for Paediatric Oncology and the International Initiative for Pediatrics and Nutrition (IIPAN), convened the first global SIOP Nutrition Network Research Forum. The forum brought together 54 international experts from high-income countries and low- and middle-income countries to define global nutrition research strategies for pediatric oncology. The forum addressed six emerging domains: body composition and treatment outcomes; microbiome, micronutrient status and metabolic health; prehabilitation and rehabilitation strategies; validation of nutritional assessment tools, guideline development for high-income settings; insights from international multicentric research initiatives-the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), SIOP Nutrition Network, the Adapted Resource and Implementation Application (ARIA) guide nutrition portal, the International Collaboration on Nutrition in Cancer (ICONIC) WHO knowledge portal; and IIPAN and the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) for funding strategies. Delegates identified three priority working groups, namely prehabilitation optimization, pharmacokinetics, and advocacy, with each outlining collaborative nutrition research priorities for the next five years. This forum represents a critical point in pediatric oncology nutrition research as it established the first coordinated and internationally endorsed roadmap to bridge gaps in cancer care and ensure standard nutrition care worldwide. The research priorities and collaborations will help in creating evidence to improve cancer treatment and survival rate for children globally. FAU - Gala, Rajul M AU - Gala RM AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-3365-1143 AD - Division of Paediatric Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai 400 012, India. FAU - Schoeman, Judy AU - Schoeman J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6154-3653 AD - Division of Paediatric Oncology and Haematology, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa. AD - Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7505, South Africa. FAU - Revuelta Iniesta, Raquel AU - Revuelta Iniesta R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5534-7146 AD - Public Health and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter EX2 4TE, UK. AD - Child Life and Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK. FAU - van den Brink, Mirjam AU - van den Brink M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6758-8978 AD - Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands. FAU - Lovell, Amy L AU - Lovell AL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1708-9633 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand. AD - Starship Blood and Cancer Centre, Starship Child Health, Te Whatu Ora, Te Toka Tumai, Auckland 1142, New Zealand. FAU - Huibers, Minke H W AU - Huibers MHW AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0310-3067 AD - Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7505, South Africa. AD - Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands. AD - Global Child Health Group, Amsterdam University Centre, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands. CN - SIOP Nutrition Network Research Forum LA - eng PT - Conference Proceedings DEP - 20260330 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Child MH - Humans MH - *Biomedical Research MH - Global Health MH - Medical Oncology MH - *Neoplasms/therapy MH - Nutrition Assessment MH - Nutritional Status MH - *Pediatrics PMC - PMC13075039 OTO - NOTNLM OT - cancer in children OT - meeting report OT - nutrition OT - nutrition research forum OT - pediatric oncology COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest, and the funders of the meeting had no role in the planning or finalizing of the agenda of the Nutrition Research Forum Meeting; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2026/04/14 06:31 MHDA- 2026/04/14 06:32 PMCR- 2026/03/30 CRDT- 2026/04/14 01:11 PHST- 2026/02/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/14 06:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/14 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/14 01:11 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18071112 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01112 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18071112 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Mar 30;18(7):1112. doi: 10.3390/nu18071112. PMID- 41978134 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Mar 28 TI - Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes Ratio as an Insufficient Indicator of Metabolic Status in Mexican Young Adults. LID - 10.3390/nu18071084 [doi] LID - 1084 AB - Background: The Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio has been proposed as a microbial biomarker of obesity and metabolic alterations; however, its reliability remains controversial, particularly in young populations. Methods: This study evaluated the relationship between the F/B ratio, body fat percentage, and metabolic markers in 70 university students aged 18-25 years, classified as normal weight (29.5%), overweight (27.4%), or obese (43.2%). Anthropometric measurements and biochemical parameters (glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and HDL-C) were obtained using standard methods, and stool samples were analyzed to determine the F/B ratio. Results: Mean glucose and cholesterol were within normal ranges, whereas triglycerides showed high variability, and HDL-C was lower in men. Although the F/B ratio increased across nutritional groups, regression analyses showed weak correlations (R < 0.5) and no significant associations (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The F/B ratio is not an adequate standalone indicator of metabolic status in Mexican young adults. FAU - Nez-Castro, Ana Teresa AU - Nez-Castro AT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7530-7336 AD - Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Area Academica de Nutricion, Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Circuito Ex Hacienda, La Concepcion S/N, Carretera Pachuca Actopan, San Agustin Tlaxiaca 42060, Hidalgo, Mexico. FAU - Gonzalez-Olivares, Luis Guillermo AU - Gonzalez-Olivares LG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4707-8935 AD - Instituto de Ciencias Basicas e Ingenieria, Area Academica de Quimica, Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Carr. Pachuca-Tulancingo km. 4.5, Pachuca 42184, Hidalgo, Mexico. FAU - Olvera-Rosales, Laura Berenice AU - Olvera-Rosales LB AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-8603-9048 AD - Instituto de Ciencias Basicas e Ingenieria, Area Academica de Quimica, Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Carr. Pachuca-Tulancingo km. 4.5, Pachuca 42184, Hidalgo, Mexico. FAU - Barron-Calva, Edwin Gualberto AU - Barron-Calva EG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6581-7298 AD - Instituto de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, Area Academica de Sociologia y Demografia, Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Carr. Pachuca-Actopan km. 4.5 S/N, Pachuca 42084, Hidalgo, Mexico. FAU - Chavez-Mejia, Edwin Alonso AU - Chavez-Mejia EA AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-4375-0928 AD - Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Area Academica de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Circuito Ex Hacienda, La Concepcion S/N, Carretera Pachuca Actopan, San Agustin Tlaxiaca 42060, Hidalgo, Mexico. FAU - Omana-Covarrubias, Arianna AU - Omana-Covarrubias A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8649-8617 AD - Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Area Academica de Nutricion, Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Circuito Ex Hacienda, La Concepcion S/N, Carretera Pachuca Actopan, San Agustin Tlaxiaca 42060, Hidalgo, Mexico. FAU - Franco-Abuin, Carlos Manuel AU - Franco-Abuin CM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8823-5522 AD - Laboratorio de Higiene, Inspeccion y Control de Alimentos, Departamento de Quimica Analitica, Nutricion y Bromatologia, Campus Terra, Universidade da Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain. FAU - Mondragon-Portocarrero, Alicia Del Carmen AU - Mondragon-Portocarrero ADC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1274-5539 AD - Laboratorio de Higiene, Inspeccion y Control de Alimentos, Departamento de Quimica Analitica, Nutricion y Bromatologia, Campus Terra, Universidade da Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260328 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Triglycerides) RN - 0 (Blood Glucose) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Mexico MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - *Bacillota/isolation & purification MH - Female MH - *Obesity/microbiology MH - Triglycerides/blood MH - Feces/microbiology MH - Overweight/microbiology MH - Blood Glucose/metabolism PMC - PMC13074922 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio OT - body fat percentage OT - intestinal microbiota OT - metabolic indicators COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/14 06:31 MHDA- 2026/04/14 06:32 PMCR- 2026/03/28 CRDT- 2026/04/14 01:11 PHST- 2026/02/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/14 06:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/14 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/14 01:11 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18071084 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01084 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18071084 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Mar 28;18(7):1084. doi: 10.3390/nu18071084. PMID- 41978088 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Mar 25 TI - Family Eating Habits and Dietary Quality of Spanish Children and Adolescents: The PASOS Study. LID - 10.3390/nu18071038 [doi] LID - 1038 AB - Background: Childhood nutrition is essential for development and disease prevention. Parental dietary practices and sociodemographic factors shape children's eating habits. Objective: To assess the association between parental diet quality, children's diet, and nutritional status, as well as the influence of caregiver sociodemographic factors. Design: Cross-sectional analyses were conducted using data from two waves of the PASOS study (2019-2020 and 2022-2023), which are nationally representative multicentre observational surveys. The analyses were restricted to participants with complete information on parental diet quality, children's diet quality, and relevant covariates. Methods: Participants aged 8-16 years from the PASOS 2019-2020 (n = 1028) and 2022-2023 (n = 572) studies were included. Caregivers provided sociodemographic information and completed the Short Diet Quality Screener (SDQS), a validated questionnaire to assess parental diet quality. Children's diet quality was assessed using the validated KIDMED index. Based on parental SDQS scores, participants were classified into low (50th percentile) diet quality groups. Associations were analysed using logistic regression and Pearson correlation. Results: Higher parental diet quality was consistently associated with greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet and higher consumption of fruit, breakfast cereals, and fish among children in both study waves. Children whose caregivers had better diet quality also showed a lower prevalence of abdominal obesity. Parental diet quality was positively associated with children's diet quality and inversely related to several adiposity indicators, although associations with anthropometric measures were generally weak. Conclusions: Family-based approaches are essential for improving diet quality and preventing childhood obesity. FAU - Rodenas-Munar, Marina AU - Rodenas-Munar M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-0954-039X AD - Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain. AD - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain. AD - Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain. FAU - Garcia, Silvia AU - Garcia S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3534-1588 AD - Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain. AD - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain. AD - Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain. FAU - Gomez, Santiago F AU - Gomez SF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3352-2510 AD - Gasol Foundation Europe, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain. AD - CIBER de Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain. AD - Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group (CARIN), Hospital del Mar Institute for Medical Research, 08003 Barcelona, Spain. AD - Nursing and Physiotherapy Department, University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain. FAU - Gonzalez-Gross, Marcela AU - Gonzalez-Gross M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7757-3235 AD - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain. AD - ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Warnberg, Julia AU - Warnberg J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8408-316X AD - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain. AD - EpiPHAAN Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Malaga-Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga (IBIMA Bionand), 28590 Malaga, Spain. FAU - Gusi, Narcis AU - Gusi N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1001-8883 AD - Physical Activity and Quality of Life Research Group (AFYCAV), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain. AD - Instituto de Investigacion e Innovacion en el Deporte (INIDE), 10003 Caceres, Spain. FAU - Aznar, Susana AU - Aznar S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7054-436X AD - PAFS Research Group, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha-Toledo Campus, 45071 Toledo, Spain. FAU - Marin-Cascales, Elena AU - Marin-Cascales E AD - UCAM Research Center for High Performance Sport, Universidad Catolica de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain. AD - Faculty of Sport, Universidad Catolica de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain. FAU - Gonzalez-Valeiro, Miguel Angel AU - Gonzalez-Valeiro MA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3993-8069 AD - Faculty of Sports Sciences and Physical Education, Universidade da Coruna, 15071 A Coruna, Spain. FAU - Pulgar, Susana AU - Pulgar S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6845-248X AD - Regional Unit of Sports Medicine of Principado de Asturias, Fundacion Deportiva Municipal de Aviles, 33401 Aviles, Spain. FAU - Bautista, Inmaculada AU - Bautista I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9257-8739 AD - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain. AD - Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas, Spain. AD - Preventive Medicine Service, Centro Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil (CHUIMI), Canarian Health Service, 35016 Las Palmas, Spain. FAU - Oses, Maddi AU - Oses M AD - ELIKOS Group, Institute for Sustainability and Food Chain Innovation (IS-FOOD), Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, 31006 Pamplona, Spain. FAU - Cereijo, Luis AU - Cereijo L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2118-3806 AD - Public Health and Epidemiology Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad de Alcala, 28871 Alcala de Henares, Spain. FAU - Martin-Oliveros, Adela AU - Martin-Oliveros A AD - Sociedad Espanola de Farmacia Clinica, Familiar y Comunitaria (SEFAC), 28045 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Fito, Montse AU - Fito M AD - Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group (CARIN), Hospital del Mar Institute for Medical Research, 08003 Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Berruezo, Paula AU - Berruezo P AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-6355-6463 AD - Gasol Foundation Europe, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain. AD - Public Health and Epidemiology Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad de Alcala, 28871 Alcala de Henares, Spain. FAU - Zapico, Augusto G AU - Zapico AG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6157-4997 AD - ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Benavente-Marin, Juan Carlos AU - Benavente-Marin JC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4037-0239 AD - EpiPHAAN Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Malaga-Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga (IBIMA Bionand), 28590 Malaga, Spain. FAU - Sanchez Gomez, Jesus AU - Sanchez Gomez J AD - Physical Activity and Quality of Life Research Group (AFYCAV), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain. AD - Instituto de Investigacion e Innovacion en el Deporte (INIDE), 10003 Caceres, Spain. FAU - Martin-Moraleda, Evelyn AU - Martin-Moraleda E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3769-0522 AD - PAFS Research Group, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha-Toledo Campus, 45071 Toledo, Spain. FAU - Alcaraz, Pedro E AU - Alcaraz PE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9792-6656 AD - UCAM Research Center for High Performance Sport, Universidad Catolica de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain. AD - Faculty of Sport, Universidad Catolica de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain. FAU - Sevilla-Sanchez, Marta AU - Sevilla-Sanchez M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2004-9162 AD - Faculty of Sports Sciences and Physical Education, Universidade da Coruna, 15071 A Coruna, Spain. FAU - Herrera-Ramos, Estefania AU - Herrera-Ramos E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5814-3931 AD - Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas, Spain. FAU - Labayen, Idoia AU - Labayen I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4334-3287 AD - ELIKOS Group, Institute for Sustainability and Food Chain Innovation (IS-FOOD), Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, 31006 Pamplona, Spain. FAU - Carmona-Rosado, Luis AU - Carmona-Rosado L AD - Public Health and Epidemiology Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad de Alcala, 28871 Alcala de Henares, Spain. FAU - Mateos-Lardies, Ana AU - Mateos-Lardies A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-8607-0839 AD - Sociedad Espanola de Farmacia Clinica, Familiar y Comunitaria (SEFAC), 28045 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Schroder, Helmut AU - Schroder H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2231-5081 AD - Gasol Foundation Europe, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain. AD - CIBER de Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain. AD - Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group (CARIN), Hospital del Mar Institute for Medical Research, 08003 Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Bouzas, Cristina AU - Bouzas C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1407-8461 AD - Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain. AD - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain. AD - Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain. FAU - Tur, Josep A AU - Tur JA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6940-0761 AD - Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain. AD - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain. AD - Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain. LA - eng GR - CIBEROBN CB12/03/30038/Instituto de Salud Carlos III/ GR - CIBERESP CB22/03/00058/Instituto de Salud Carlos III/ GR - N/A/European Regional Development Fund/ GR - N/A/Fundacion PROBITAS/ GR - N/A/Gasol Foundation/ GR - N/A/FC Barcelona Foundation/ GR - N/A/Banco Santander/ GR - N/A/IFA/ GR - N/A/Vienna/ GR - N/A/Fundacion Deporte Joven/ GR - FOLIUM, PRIMUS, SYNERGIA and LIBERI/IDISBA/ GR - Red EXERNET-Red de Ejercicio Fisico y Salud (RED2022-134800-T)/Agencia Estatal de Investigacion (Ministerio de Ciencias e Innovacion, Spain)/ PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260325 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Female MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - Spain/epidemiology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Nutritional Status MH - *Diet MH - Parents MH - *Diet, Healthy/statistics & numerical data MH - Diet, Mediterranean MH - Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena MH - Socioeconomic Factors PMC - PMC13074208 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - childhood obesity OT - children OT - parents OT - quality of diet OT - sociodemographic factors COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/14 06:32 MHDA- 2026/04/14 06:33 PMCR- 2026/03/25 CRDT- 2026/04/14 01:10 PHST- 2026/02/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/14 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/14 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/14 01:10 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18071038 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01038 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18071038 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Mar 25;18(7):1038. doi: 10.3390/nu18071038. PMID- 41978082 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Mar 24 TI - Randomized Controlled Trial Outcomes for HomeStyles-2, an Online Obesity Prevention Program for Families with Children in Middle Childhood. LID - 10.3390/nu18071029 [doi] LID - 1029 AB - Background: Parents are children's primary role models, are food and physical activity gatekeepers, and create the home structure/lifestyle environment. Thus, parents strongly influence children's weight-related behaviors and have the opportunity to cultivate a "culture of health" within the home. Methods: The aim of the HomeStyles-2 (also called HomeStyles-Child) RCT was to determine whether this online, novel, age-appropriate, family intervention enabled and motivated the 131 systematically randomly assigned by computer parents of children in middle childhood (ages 6 to 11) in the experimental condition to shape home environments and healthy weight-related lifestyle practices to be more supportive of optimal health and reduced obesity risk in middle childhood youth more than the 134 counterparts assigned to the attention control condition. Results: This RCT demonstrated the feasibility of online delivery of a health promotion intervention to parents of children in middle childhood, which may inform the development of interventions targeting other age groups and health outcomes. Results indicate the HomeStyles-Child intervention improved healthy-weight-related behavior cognitions, which are predictors of behavior change, of the experimental group. Additionally, improvements in experimental parent and child health-related behaviors were observed. These improvements occurred during a time when families faced unprecedented and extraordinary economic and social stresses associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions: HomeStyles-Child is one of the few interventions for families with middle childhood youth. It has the potential to help ameliorate obesity in middle childhood youth and, by extension, other family members. FAU - Byrd-Bredbenner, Carol AU - Byrd-Bredbenner C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8010-3987 AD - Nutritional Sciences Department, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA. FAU - Pozzoli, Angelica A AU - Pozzoli AA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7875-481X AD - Nutritional Sciences Department, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA. FAU - Eck, Kaitlyn M AU - Eck KM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5724-2524 AD - Department of Nutritional Sciences, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19144, USA. FAU - Worobey, John AU - Worobey J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0802-6067 AD - Nutritional Sciences Department, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA. FAU - Shelnutt, Karla Pagan AU - Shelnutt KP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3799-9212 AD - Department of Family, Youth, and Community Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA. FAU - Olfert, Melissa D AU - Olfert MD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6686-3891 AD - School of Agriculture and Food Systems, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA. FAU - Quick, Virginia AU - Quick V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4338-963X AD - Nutritional Sciences Department, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA. LA - eng GR - 2017-680001-26351/National Institute of Food and Agriculture/ PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20260324 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Female MH - *Pediatric Obesity/prevention & control MH - Male MH - *Health Promotion/methods MH - *Parents/psychology MH - Health Behavior MH - *Internet-Based Intervention MH - Home Environment MH - Life Style PMC - PMC13074828 OTO - NOTNLM OT - cognitions OT - health OT - home environment OT - intervention OT - lifestyles OT - middle childhood OT - nutrition OT - obesity OT - parents OT - social cognitive theory COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the design of this study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2026/04/14 06:32 MHDA- 2026/04/14 06:33 PMCR- 2026/03/24 CRDT- 2026/04/14 01:10 PHST- 2026/02/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/14 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/14 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/14 01:10 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18071029 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01029 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18071029 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Mar 24;18(7):1029. doi: 10.3390/nu18071029. PMID- 41978080 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Mar 24 TI - Psychometric Properties and Factor Structure of the Polish ChEDE-Q in a Community Sample of Adolescents: Associations with BMI. LID - 10.3390/nu18071028 [doi] LID - 1028 AB - BACKGROUND: The Child and Adolescent Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (ChEDE-Q) is a widely used self-report screening instrument for assessing eating disorder psychopathology in young people. Evidence on the psychometric properties of the Polish-language version remains limited. This pilot study evaluated the internal consistency, dimensional structure, and BMI-related convergent validity of the Polish ChE-DE-Q in a regional youth sample. METHODS: A cross-sectional design was used, including 200 participants aged 10-18 years. Item characteristics and data quality were examined. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega. Dimensional structure was evaluated with exploratory factor analysis (EFA) based on a polychoric correlation matrix and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) comparing one-factor, four-factor, and bifactor models. Convergent validity was examined using Spearman's rank correlations with BMI and linear regression analyses with BMI z-scores. RESULTS: The global score showed high internal consistency (alpha = 0.898; omega = 0.900). Subscale reliability ranged from acceptable to high. EFA supported a multidimensional solution. In CFA, the bifactor model showed the best fit among the tested alternatives (CFI = 0.742; TLI = 0.681; RMSEA = 0.122; SRMR = 0.084), but none of the tested models achieved fully satisfactory absolute fit. The global score correlated positively with BMI (rho = 0.282; p < 0.001) and was significantly associated with BMI z-score in regression analysis (B = 0.334; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The Polish ChEDE-Q global score demonstrated strong internal consistency and preliminary BMI-related convergent validity. The findings provide initial support for a general factor and for using the global score in screening-oriented research; however, the pilot character of the study and the suboptimal absolute fit indices indicate that further validation in larger and more heterogeneous samples is required. FAU - Wasacz, Malgorzata AU - Wasacz M AD - Department of Medical Communication and Professional Competency Development, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rzeszow, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland. FAU - Frej, Damian AU - Frej D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1899-4712 AD - Department of Automotive Engineering and Transport, Kielce University of Technology, 25-314 Kielce, Poland. FAU - Ochojska, Danuta AU - Ochojska D AD - Faculty of Health Sciences and Psychology, University of Rzeszow, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland. FAU - Kopanska, Marta AU - Kopanska M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3936-0698 AD - Department of Medical Communication and Professional Competency Development, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rzeszow, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260324 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Psychometrics MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Child MH - *Body Mass Index MH - Poland MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - Pilot Projects MH - *Feeding and Eating Disorders/diagnosis/psychology MH - Factor Analysis, Statistical MH - Surveys and Questionnaires PMC - PMC13074324 OTO - NOTNLM OT - BMI OT - ChEDE-Q OT - child eating questionnaire OT - children and adolescents OT - eating disorders OT - psychometric properties COIS- The authors declare that this research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/14 06:32 MHDA- 2026/04/14 06:33 PMCR- 2026/03/24 CRDT- 2026/04/14 01:10 PHST- 2026/02/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/14 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/14 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/14 01:10 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18071028 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01028 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18071028 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Mar 24;18(7):1028. doi: 10.3390/nu18071028. PMID- 41978069 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Mar 24 TI - Weight Perception and Lifestyle Awareness in Children and Adolescents: Insights from a Cross-Sectional Study. LID - 10.3390/nu18071017 [doi] LID - 1017 AB - Background: Misperception of body weight has been found to negatively impact both diet and physical activity levels, particularly in youth with overweight and obesity. Objectives: This study assessed consistency between actual and perceived weight status and lifestyle factors in a sample of 455 children and adolescents (55% males, 8-13 years) attending a summer camp in Northern Italy. Methods: Weight status was defined applying Body Mass Index (BMI) cut-offs. Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MD), physical activity level, sleep duration, and sleep quality were assessed through validated questionnaires. Self-perception was evaluated through 5-point Likert scales, with graphical representations. Results: Comparison between self-perceived and assessed parameters revealed a poor concordance across all types of variables. Approximately half of participants (43-55%) correctly rated their weight status (kappa = 0.12; 95% CI: 0.05-0.19), diet quality (kappa = 0.09; 95% CI: 0.02-0.15), physical activity level (kappa = 0.18; 95% CI: 0.11-0.26), sleep time (kappa = 0.10; 95% CI: 0.03-0.17), and sleep quality (kappa = 0.18; 95% CI: 0.12-0.24). Participants 12-13 years old were more likely to have a greater weight status perception compared to younger subjects (OR = 2.13; 95% CI: 1.08-4.21). Being in a condition of overweight or obesity significantly decreased the odds of correct weight perception (OR = 0.13; 95% CI: 0.08-0.21). Similarly, subjects with higher adherence to the MD, adequate sleep time, and low sleep quality were more conscious about their diet and sleep patterns. Conclusions: Overall, these findings highlight a certain degree of misclassification, especially in subjects who need to improve their lifestyles, highlighting the potential relevance of fostering accurate self-perception during developmental age. FAU - Franchini, Cinzia AU - Franchini C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4886-7431 AD - Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 39 Via Volturno, 43125 Parma, Italy. FAU - Bertolotti, Elena AU - Bertolotti E AD - Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 39 Via Volturno, 43125 Parma, Italy. FAU - Biasini, Beatrice AU - Biasini B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2928-0961 AD - Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 39 Via Volturno, 43125 Parma, Italy. FAU - De Panfilis, Chiara AU - De Panfilis C AD - Unit of Neuroscience, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy. FAU - Esposito, Susanna AU - Esposito S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4103-2837 AD - Pediatric Clinic, Parma University Hospital, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Viale Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy. FAU - Rosi, Alice AU - Rosi A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8533-797X AD - Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 39 Via Volturno, 43125 Parma, Italy. FAU - Scazzina, Francesca AU - Scazzina F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5372-8658 AD - Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 39 Via Volturno, 43125 Parma, Italy. AD - Giocampus Scientific Committee, 38 Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260324 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Male MH - Child MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - *Life Style MH - Exercise MH - *Body Weight MH - Body Mass Index MH - *Self Concept MH - Sleep Duration MH - *Body Image/psychology MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Diet, Mediterranean MH - Italy MH - Sleep MH - Overweight/psychology MH - *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MH - Sleep Quality PMC - PMC13074309 OTO - NOTNLM OT - BMI OT - KIDMED OT - body image OT - camps OT - food habits OT - lifestyle OT - physical activity OT - self-perception OT - sleep quality COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/14 06:31 MHDA- 2026/04/14 06:32 PMCR- 2026/03/24 CRDT- 2026/04/14 01:10 PHST- 2026/02/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/14 06:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/14 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/14 01:10 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18071017 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01017 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18071017 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Mar 24;18(7):1017. doi: 10.3390/nu18071017. PMID- 41976791 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260414 LR - 20260813 IS - 2077-0383 (Print) IS - 2077-0383 (Electronic) IS - 2077-0383 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Mar 24 TI - Prediction of In-Hospital Respiratory Support Among Children Aged 2-59 Months Hospitalized with Pneumonia in Southern Vietnam: A Retrospective Cohort Study. LID - 10.3390/jcm15072490 [doi] LID - 2490 AB - Respiratory support requirement among children hospitalized with pneumonia is a key marker of disease severity and resource needs, yet scalable risk stratification tools for routine hospital settings in Southern Vietnam remain limited. Background: This study aimed to develop and evaluate clinical and laboratory-based multivariable models to predict respiratory support requirement in children under five hospitalized with pneumonia, using a routine care dataset. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study conducted at a tertiary pediatric hospital in Southern Vietnam (July 2024-November 2025), children aged 2-59 months hospitalized with pneumonia were included after predefined exclusions. The outcome was the maximum (worst) level of respiratory support required during hospitalization (oxygen therapy, CPAP, or invasive mechanical ventilation), analyzed as a binary endpoint (any support vs. none) for model development. Candidate predictors included bedside clinical variables (age < 12 months, malnutrition, recurrent pneumonia, cyanosis, tachypnea, chest indrawing) and complete blood count-derived inflammatory indices. Univariable logistic regression was used for crude associations. Two multivariable logistic regression models were built: Model 1 (clinical-only) and Model 2 (clinical + neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio [NLR]; primary). Discrimination was assessed using area under the ROC curve (AUC), and calibration was evaluated using the Hosmer-Lemeshow test and observed-to-expected (O:E) ratio. Results: A total of 1797 children were included; 154 (8.6%) required respiratory support. In the primary model, independent predictors were age < 12 months (aOR 2.57, 95% CI 1.69-3.92), malnutrition (aOR 4.33, 2.56-7.33), recurrent pneumonia (aOR 1.82, 1.18-2.81), cyanosis (aOR 24.02, 7.41-77.87), chest indrawing (aOR 4.19, 2.73-6.43), and higher NLR (per 1 unit: aOR 1.49, 1.38-1.60), while tachypnea was not independently associated after adjustment. Discrimination improved from Model 1 (AUC 0.754) to Model 2 (AUC 0.840; 95% CI 0.806-0.874). At the optimal probability cut-off (0.122), Model 2 achieved sensitivity 66.2%, specificity 86.2%, PPV 31.1%, NPV 96.5%, and accuracy 84.5%. Calibration was acceptable (Hosmer-Lemeshow p = 0.662; O:E = 1.00). Conclusions: A simple clinical model strengthened by NLR provided good discrimination and calibration for predicting respiratory support requirement among children under-five hospitalized with pneumonia in Southern Vietnam. This approach may support early triage, prioritization of monitoring intensity, and escalation readiness in resource-constrained settings, although external validation is warranted. FAU - Vo, Thi Van AU - Vo TV AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-8377-0217 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 179 Nguyen Van Cu Street, Tan An Ward, Can Tho 900000, Vietnam. FAU - Nguyen, Phuong Minh AU - Nguyen PM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3857-9420 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 179 Nguyen Van Cu Street, Tan An Ward, Can Tho 900000, Vietnam. FAU - Lu, Dien Tri AU - Lu DT AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-8025-3692 AD - Internal Medicine Program, Department of General Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Medical Technology, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 179 Nguyen Van Cu Street, Tan An Ward, Can Tho 900000, Vietnam. FAU - Ong, Thanh Huy AU - Ong TH AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-2815-2278 AD - Can Tho Children's Hospital, No. 345 Nguyen Van Cu Street, An Binh Ward, Can Tho 900000, Vietnam. FAU - Nguyen, Tri Duc AU - Nguyen TD AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-9356-6846 AD - Can Tho Children's Hospital, No. 345 Nguyen Van Cu Street, An Binh Ward, Can Tho 900000, Vietnam. FAU - Thai, Dien Minh AU - Thai DM AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-7007-8485 AD - Faculty of Medicine, Nam Can Tho University, No. 168 Nguyen Van Cu Street, An Binh Ward, Can Tho 900000, Vietnam. FAU - Tran, Duc Hoang Minh AU - Tran DHM AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-0400-8773 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 179 Nguyen Van Cu Street, Tan An Ward, Can Tho 900000, Vietnam. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260324 PL - Switzerland TA - J Clin Med JT - Journal of clinical medicine JID - 101606588 PMC - PMC13073457 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Vietnam OT - child OT - logistic regression OT - neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio OT - pneumonia OT - respiratory support OT - risk prediction COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/14 06:31 MHDA- 2026/04/14 06:32 PMCR- 2026/03/24 CRDT- 2026/04/14 01:06 PHST- 2026/01/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/14 06:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/14 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/14 01:06 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jcm15072490 [pii] AID - jcm-15-02490 [pii] AID - 10.3390/jcm15072490 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Clin Med. 2026 Mar 24;15(7):2490. doi: 10.3390/jcm15072490. PMID- 41975941 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260414 LR - 20260813 IS - 2227-9032 (Print) IS - 2227-9032 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9032 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Apr 3 TI - Acute Effects of Adding Self-Control Tasks to the Daily Mile on Subsequent Cognition and Enjoyment in Children. LID - 10.3390/healthcare14070939 [doi] LID - 939 AB - Background: Physical activity requiring self-control may yield greater post-activity cognitive improvements. Implementing such tasks within The Daily Mile could enhance cognition further while adding variety to the initiative. This study examined whether the inclusion of self-control tasks within The Daily Mile influences subsequent cognition and enjoyment. Methods: Participants, numbering 99 (10.2 +/- 1.1 y), completed three trials (Daily Mile Normal, Daily Mile Self-Control, and resting), using a within-subject, order-balanced, crossover design. The Daily Mile Self-Control involved students completing tasks requiring self-control for 30 s every 2 min within The Daily Mile. Cognitive tests (Stroop test, Sternberg Paradigm, Visual Search test) were administered prior to, immediately following and 45 min following The Daily Mile and resting trials. During the trials, distance covered (m), average heart rate (beats.min(-1)) and physical activity enjoyment (PACES) were measured. Focus groups explored factors affecting enjoyment during The Daily Mile trials. The effects of physical activity vs. rest on cognitive function were examined first, followed by the effect of adding self-control tasks to The Daily Mile. Results: There were no statistically significant differences between the Daily Mile trials on distance covered or physical activity enjoyment. However, average heart rate was significantly higher in The Daily Mile Self-Control compared to The Daily Mile Normal. Compared to rest, The Daily Mile had a positive effect on inhibitory control. Working-memory accuracy maintained following activity, but perceptual accuracy was briefly impaired. Following the addition of self-control tasks, working memory response times improved. However, accuracy on inhibitory control and perception declined immediately after activity, compared to The Daily Mile Normal. Thematic analysis indicated varied perceptions among participants, with some valuing the simplicity and control of The Daily Mile Normal, and others favoring The Daily Mile Self-Control due to the variety and cognitive challenge. Conclusions: Incorporating self-control tasks into The Daily Mile produced mixed cognitive and qualitative responses, compared to The Daily Mile Normal. This suggests that tailoring physical activity to individual preferences may optimize engagement and cognitive outcomes. FAU - Dunn, Anna AU - Dunn A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7956-4252 AD - Sport Science Department, Sport, Health and Performance Enhancement (SHAPE) Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Campus, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK. FAU - Walters, Grace W M AU - Walters GWM AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-9532-6014 AD - Sport Science Department, Sport, Health and Performance Enhancement (SHAPE) Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Campus, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK. FAU - Williams, Ryan A AU - Williams RA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1346-7756 AD - Sport Science Department, Sport, Health and Performance Enhancement (SHAPE) Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Campus, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK. FAU - Dring, Karah J AU - Dring KJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9647-3579 AD - Sport Science Department, Sport, Health and Performance Enhancement (SHAPE) Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Campus, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK. FAU - Needham, Robert AU - Needham R AD - Sport Science Department, Sport, Health and Performance Enhancement (SHAPE) Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Campus, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK. FAU - Cooper, Simon B AU - Cooper SB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5219-5020 AD - Sport Science Department, Sport, Health and Performance Enhancement (SHAPE) Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Campus, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK. FAU - Boat, Ruth AU - Boat R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4897-8118 AD - Sport Science Department, Sport, Health and Performance Enhancement (SHAPE) Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Campus, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260403 PL - Switzerland TA - Healthcare (Basel) JT - Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101666525 PMC - PMC13073839 OTO - NOTNLM OT - cognition OT - enjoyment OT - self-control OT - the daily mile COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest or funding associated with this manuscript. EDAT- 2026/04/14 06:32 MHDA- 2026/04/14 06:33 PMCR- 2026/04/03 CRDT- 2026/04/14 01:03 PHST- 2026/02/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/14 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/14 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/14 01:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - healthcare14070939 [pii] AID - healthcare-14-00939 [pii] AID - 10.3390/healthcare14070939 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Healthcare (Basel). 2026 Apr 3;14(7):939. doi: 10.3390/healthcare14070939. PMID- 41975844 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260414 LR - 20260813 IS - 2227-9032 (Print) IS - 2227-9032 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9032 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Mar 25 TI - Attitudes Towards Sport in Early Adolescence: A Scale Adaptation Study for Sustainable Good Health and Well-Being. LID - 10.3390/healthcare14070842 [doi] LID - 842 AB - BACKGROUND: The decline in physical activity during the transition to early adolescence poses a significant threat to lifelong health and well-being, directly impacting the targets of Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SDG 3). To design effective preventive interventions, researchers need developmentally appropriate tools to measure the psychological drivers of physical activity. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to adapt the Attitude Towards Sport Scale (ATSS) for middle school students (ages 10-15) and evaluate its psychometric properties. METHODS: We used a mixed-methods approach comprising a qualitative cognitive think-aloud phase (n = 27) and a quantitative cross-sectional validation phase (N = 531). Data were analyzed using robust Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). RESULTS: The results supported the structural model, demonstrating that the original three-factor structure fits the early adolescent sample acceptably. The scale demonstrated high composite reliability across all dimensions. Furthermore, the adapted ATSS-EA showed strong criterion-related validity through high correlations with perceived physical literacy and actual physical activity durations. It also successfully differentiated between licensed athletes and non-licensed students. CONCLUSIONS: The adapted ATSS-EA provides a developmentally appropriate tool for educators and researchers to monitor sport attitudes and identify students at risk of physical disengagement. FAU - Senturk, Halil Evren AU - Senturk HE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7402-0758 AD - Faculty of Sport Sciences, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla 48000, Turkiye. FAU - Tanir, Gulsum AU - Tanir G AD - Institute of Health Sciences, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla 48000, Turkiye. FAU - Erdogan Yuce, Ulkum AU - Erdogan Yuce U AD - Ministry of National Education, Mugla 48700, Turkiye. FAU - Karatut, Adem AU - Karatut A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1927-5656 AD - Ministry of National Education, Kocaeli 41050, Turkiye. FAU - Karakas, Ecesu AU - Karakas E AD - Faculty of Sport Sciences, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla 48000, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260325 PL - Switzerland TA - Healthcare (Basel) JT - Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101666525 PMC - PMC13073176 OTO - NOTNLM OT - early adolescence OT - good health OT - health-lifestyle behaviors OT - physical activity OT - physical literacy OT - preventive healthcare OT - psychometrics OT - scale adaptation OT - sports attitude OT - well-being COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/14 06:31 MHDA- 2026/04/14 06:32 PMCR- 2026/03/25 CRDT- 2026/04/14 01:02 PHST- 2026/03/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/14 06:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/14 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/14 01:02 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - healthcare14070842 [pii] AID - healthcare-14-00842 [pii] AID - 10.3390/healthcare14070842 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Healthcare (Basel). 2026 Mar 25;14(7):842. doi: 10.3390/healthcare14070842. PMID- 41975386 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260627 LR - 20260813 IS - 1471-2393 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2393 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 13 TI - The association of the ALBI score with disease severity and perinatal outcomes in the preeclampsia spectrum. LID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09049-6 [doi] LID - 553 AB - BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the association between the albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) score and disease severity across the preeclampsia spectrum and to evaluate its relationship with perinatal outcomes, with particular emphasis on differences according to gestational age. METHODS: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, medical records of 370 pregnant women diagnosed with preeclampsia between June 2021 and June 2025 were analyzed. Patients were stratified by gestational age at delivery (< 34 weeks and >/= 34 weeks) and by disease severity (mild-to-moderate preeclampsia vs. severe preeclampsia). Maternal biochemical, hematological, and inflammatory parameters were recorded, and the ALBI score was calculated using serum albumin and total bilirubin levels. Perinatal outcomes included birth weight, Apgar scores, umbilical cord blood gas parameters, admission to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), and length of NICU stay. Receiver operating characteristic analyses were performed to assess the discriminative performance of the ALBI score. RESULTS: The ALBI score was significantly higher in severe preeclampsia regardless of gestational age and showed superior discriminative performance compared with inflammatory indices, particularly in early-onset disease (< 34 weeks; AUC = 0.702). Higher ALBI scores were associated with adverse perinatal outcomes, including lower birth weight and increased NICU admission. In contrast, inflammatory indices (NLR, PLR, LMR, and SII) did not demonstrate clinically meaningful discrimination of disease severity or neonatal risk. Gestational age at delivery was the primary determinant of NICU length of stay. CONCLUSIONS: The ALBI score is a robust, low-cost, and easily applicable biomarker that reflects biochemical disease severity and perinatal risk across the preeclampsia spectrum, particularly in early-onset severe preeclampsia. Prospective multicenter studies are required to confirm its clinical utility and define its role in future risk stratification algorithms. FAU - Akcabay, Cigdem AU - Akcabay C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2068-7412 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Firat University Faculty of Medicine, Elazig, Turkey. FAU - Onat, Miray AU - Onat M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-8085-3703 AD - Fethi Sekin City Hospital, Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic, Elazig, Turkey. FAU - Aslan, Neslihan AU - Aslan N AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-0437-1700 AD - Fethi Sekin City Hospital, Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic, Elazig, Turkey. FAU - Kavak, Ebru Celik AU - Kavak EC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7447-8264 AD - Gynecology and Obstetrics Specialist, Elazig, Turkey. FAU - Sanli, Cengiz AU - Sanli C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8782-5202 AD - Fethi Sekin City Hospital, Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic, Elazig, Turkey. FAU - Batmaz, Ibrahim AU - Batmaz I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9492-2783 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Mardin Artuklu University, Mardin, Turkey. FAU - Kavak, Salih Burcin AU - Kavak SB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6318-5175 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Firat University Faculty of Medicine, Elazig, Turkey. burcinkavak1@gmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260413 PL - England TA - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth JT - BMC pregnancy and childbirth JID - 100967799 RN - RFM9X3LJ49 (Bilirubin) RN - 0 (Serum Albumin) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Pre-Eclampsia/blood/diagnosis MH - Pregnancy MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Severity of Illness Index MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Adult MH - Gestational Age MH - *Bilirubin/blood MH - Pregnancy Outcome MH - Infant, Newborn MH - *Serum Albumin/analysis MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - Birth Weight MH - Intensive Care Units, Neonatal/statistics & numerical data MH - ROC Curve MH - Apgar Score MH - Length of Stay/statistics & numerical data PMC - PMC13188733 OTO - NOTNLM OT - ALBI score OT - Disease severity OT - Gestational age OT - Perinatal outcomes OT - Preeclampsia COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study received ethical approval from the Firat University Faculty of Medicine Local Ethics Committee (Ethics Committee Decision No: 2025/13-26; Session Date: 14.09.2025; Clinical trial number: not applicable.). All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/14 00:32 MHDA- 2026/06/27 18:37 PMCR- 2026/04/13 CRDT- 2026/04/14 00:00 PHST- 2025/12/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 18:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/14 00:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/14 00:00 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09049-6 [pii] AID - 9049 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12884-026-09049-6 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2026 Apr 13;26(1):553. doi: 10.1186/s12884-026-09049-6. PMID- 41974915 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260611 LR - 20260813 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 13 TI - The chain mediating effects of psychological resilience and social adaptability on the relationship between physical activity and mental health in Chinese university students. LID - 10.1038/s41598-026-48168-0 [doi] LID - 17197 AB - Mental health issues among university students have attracted increasing attention, underscoring the need to identify modifiable protective factors. This cross-sectional study examined the association between physical activity (PA) and mental health (MH) among Chinese university students, with a focus on the mediating roles of psychological resilience (PR) and social adaptability (SA). A sample of 519 students from three universities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region completed validated questionnaires assessing PA (Physical Activity Rating Scale-3), MH (12-item General Health Questionnaire), PR (Adolescent Psychological Resilience Scale), and SA (Social Adaptability Scale). Pearson correlation analysis and structural equation modeling with Bootstrap methods were employed to test direct and indirect effects. Results revealed that PA was positively correlated with PR, SA, and MH. PR and SA independently mediated the PA-MH relationship, and a significant sequential mediation pathway (PA --> PR --> SA --> MH) was observed, indicating that PA was associated with better MH through the chain effects of PR and SA. These findings suggest that the MH benefits of PA may operate not only directly but also through an association with enhanced internal psychological resources and external SA. University health programs that integrate PA with resilience and social-skills interventions may help improve student MH. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Liu, Wanxu AU - Liu W AD - School of the Arts, Beijing Sport University, 48 Xinxi Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100084, China. FAU - Wang, Zilin AU - Wang Z AD - School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, 48 Xinxi Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100084, China. FAU - Hou, Xinyi AU - Hou X AD - School of the Arts, Beijing Sport University, 48 Xinxi Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100084, China. FAU - Sun, Yuanxin AU - Sun Y AD - School of the Arts, Beijing Sport University, 48 Xinxi Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100084, China. FAU - Xu, Ke AU - Xu K AD - School of the Arts, Beijing Sport University, 48 Xinxi Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100084, China. 13810933757@163.com. LA - eng GR - No. 2106056/The 2024 Beijing Sport University Research Project on Ideological and Political Work for College Students/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260413 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Students/psychology MH - *Mental Health MH - *Resilience, Psychological MH - Female MH - Universities MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - China MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Social Adjustment MH - Adolescent MH - Adult PMC - PMC13234124 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Chinese University Students OT - Mediation OT - Mental Health OT - Physical Activity OT - Psychological Resilience OT - Social Adaptability COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/14 00:31 MHDA- 2026/06/11 06:40 PMCR- 2026/04/13 CRDT- 2026/04/13 23:27 PHST- 2026/01/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/11 06:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/14 00:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/13 23:27 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-48168-0 [pii] AID - 48168 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-48168-0 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2026 Apr 13;16(1):17197. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-48168-0. PMID- 41974697 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260613 LR - 20260813 IS - 2041-1723 (Electronic) IS - 2041-1723 (Linking) VI - 17 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 13 TI - Multiomics characterization of acute child illness and mortality in Africa and South Asia. LID - 10.1038/s41467-026-69754-w [doi] LID - 5171 AB - Childhood illnesses from infectious diseases in low- and middle-income countries contribute substantially to the global under-five mortality. Many hospitalized children experience incomplete recovery, readmission, and post-discharge mortality despite guideline-directed care. However, targeted interventions remain elusive due to limited understanding of underlying mechanisms. In this work, we employ multiomic profiling and multivariate modeling to investigate biological drivers of inpatient and post-discharge mortality in 3,101 acutely ill children across nine sites in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. In a nested case-cohort (N = 1008), we generate plasma proteomics, serum metabolomics and lipidomics, stool metagenomics, and fecal pathogen data at admission and discharge. Additionally, we profile 270 geographically matched community children for biological baselines. We identify a generalizable mortality signature marked by immune, inflammatory, and metabolic dysregulation with gut dysbiosis. We show that mortality-associated signals persist from admission through discharge, indicating unresolved disease and that malnourished children show greater baseline perturbations, explaining elevated risk. We also find some children with low clinical severity display high predicted mortality risk from targeted biomarkers. Finally, we distill predictive models to a clinically feasible biomarker panel and validate our findings in an independent cohort (N = 100). By linking inpatient and post-discharge mortality to specific biological mechanisms, our findings highlight why current care can fail and demonstrate how biomarker-guided risk stratification can identify vulnerable children currently missed by clinical assessments, enabling targeted interventions to reduce mortality in low- and middle-income countries. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Espinosa, Camilo A AU - Espinosa CA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1630-1564 AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, StanfordStanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. AD - Department of Biomedical Informatics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. FAU - Njunge, James M AU - Njunge JM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8524-9133 AD - The Childhood Acute Illness and Nutrition Network, Nairobi, Kenya. AD - KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya. FAU - Tickell, Kirkby D AU - Tickell KD AD - Global Health and Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. FAU - Diallo, Abdoulaye Hama AU - Diallo AH AD - Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. FAU - Sayeem Bin Shahid, Abu Sadat Mohammad AU - Sayeem Bin Shahid ASM AD - Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddrb), Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Gazi, Md Amran AU - Gazi MA AD - Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddrb), Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Kazi, Zaubina AU - Kazi Z AD - Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. FAU - Yoshioka, Emily AU - Yoshioka E AD - Global Health and Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. FAU - Tigoi, Caroline AU - Tigoi C AD - The Childhood Acute Illness and Nutrition Network, Nairobi, Kenya. AD - KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya. FAU - Mburu, Moses AU - Mburu M AD - The Childhood Acute Illness and Nutrition Network, Nairobi, Kenya. AD - KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya. FAU - Ngari, Moses AU - Ngari M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7149-5491 AD - The Childhood Acute Illness and Nutrition Network, Nairobi, Kenya. AD - KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya. FAU - Ngao, Narshion AU - Ngao N AD - The Childhood Acute Illness and Nutrition Network, Nairobi, Kenya. AD - KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya. FAU - Omer, Elisha AU - Omer E AD - The Childhood Acute Illness and Nutrition Network, Nairobi, Kenya. AD - KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya. FAU - Gumbi, Wilson AU - Gumbi W AD - The Childhood Acute Illness and Nutrition Network, Nairobi, Kenya. AD - KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya. FAU - Gichuki, Bonface M AU - Gichuki BM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8766-7470 AD - The Childhood Acute Illness and Nutrition Network, Nairobi, Kenya. AD - KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya. AD - Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK. FAU - Mitchel, Anna AU - Mitchel A AD - Standard BioTools, Inc., Standard BioTools, Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. FAU - Williams, Jessica AU - Williams J AD - Standard BioTools, Inc., Standard BioTools, Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. FAU - Gogain, Joseph AU - Gogain J AD - Standard BioTools, Inc., Standard BioTools, Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. FAU - Janjic, Nebojsa AU - Janjic N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6811-167X AD - Standard BioTools, Inc., Standard BioTools, Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. FAU - Mandal, Rupasri AU - Mandal R AD - Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. FAU - Jenkins, Benjamin AU - Jenkins B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0038-9709 AD - Core Metabolomics and Lipidomics Laboratory, Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. FAU - Browne, Hilary P AU - Browne HP AD - Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK. FAU - Shao, Yan AU - Shao Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8662-0504 AD - Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK. FAU - Rozday, Timothy AU - Rozday T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7016-0665 AD - Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK. FAU - Stares, Mark D AU - Stares MD AD - Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK. FAU - Dawson, Nicholas J R AU - Dawson NJR AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-0431-8298 AD - Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK. FAU - Berson, Eloise AU - Berson E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1046-125X AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, StanfordStanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. AD - Department of Biomedical Informatics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. AD - Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. FAU - Chang, Alan AU - Chang A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1716-0134 AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, StanfordStanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. AD - Department of Biomedical Informatics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. FAU - Kim, Yeasul AU - Kim Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8289-1297 AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, StanfordStanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. AD - Department of Biomedical Informatics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. FAU - Mataraso, Samson J AU - Mataraso SJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3146-2243 AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, StanfordStanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. AD - Department of Biomedical Informatics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. FAU - Shu, Chi-Hung AU - Shu CH AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-3486-8856 AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, StanfordStanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. AD - Department of Biomedical Informatics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. FAU - Phongpreecha, Thanaphong AU - Phongpreecha T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9245-6686 AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, StanfordStanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. AD - Department of Biomedical Informatics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. AD - Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. FAU - Xue, Lei AU - Xue L AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, StanfordStanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. AD - Department of Biomedical Informatics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. FAU - Saleem, Ali AU - Saleem A AD - Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. FAU - Singa, Benson AU - Singa B AD - Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya. FAU - Ahmed, Tahmeed AU - Ahmed T AD - Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddrb), Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Voskuijl, Wieger P AU - Voskuijl WP AD - Amsterdam Institute for Global Child Health, Emma Children's hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. AD - Department of Global Health, Amsterdam Centre for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. AD - Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi. FAU - Wishart, David S AU - Wishart DS AD - Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. FAU - Houpt, Eric R AU - Houpt ER AD - Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA. FAU - Liu, Jie AU - Liu J AD - School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China. FAU - Ali, Asad AU - Ali A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5274-7665 AD - Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. FAU - Mupere, Ezekiel AU - Mupere E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8746-9009 AD - Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda. FAU - Chisti, Mohammod Jobayer AU - Chisti MJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9958-3071 AD - Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddrb), Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Bandsma, Robert H J AU - Bandsma RHJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6358-4750 AD - Centre for Global Child Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada. AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi. FAU - Lawley, Trevor D AU - Lawley TD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4805-621X AD - Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK. FAU - Koulman, Albert AU - Koulman A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9998-051X AD - Core Metabolomics and Lipidomics Laboratory, Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. AD - NIHR BRC Nutritional Biomarker Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. FAU - Lancioni, Christina L AU - Lancioni CL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0821-1211 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA. FAU - Aghaeepour, Nima AU - Aghaeepour N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6117-8764 AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, StanfordStanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. naghaeep@stanford.edu. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. naghaeep@stanford.edu. AD - Department of Biomedical Informatics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. naghaeep@stanford.edu. FAU - Berkley, James A AU - Berkley JA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1236-849X AD - The Childhood Acute Illness and Nutrition Network, Nairobi, Kenya. james.berkley@ndm.ox.ac.uk. AD - KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya. james.berkley@ndm.ox.ac.uk. AD - Center for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. james.berkley@ndm.ox.ac.uk. FAU - Walson, Judd L AU - Walson JL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4836-720X AD - Global Health and Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. jwalson1@jh.edu. AD - Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA. jwalson1@jh.edu. CN - Childhood Acute Illness and Nutrition (CHAIN) Network LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260413 PL - England TA - Nat Commun JT - Nature communications JID - 101528555 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Multiomics MH - Child, Preschool MH - Infant MH - Female MH - Male MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - Asia, Southern MH - Acute Disease/mortality MH - Child MH - Feces/microbiology MH - Proteomics MH - Metagenomics MH - Africa South of the Sahara/epidemiology MH - Metabolomics MH - *Child Mortality PMC - PMC13249890 COIS- Competing interests: The authors declare the following competing interests: A.M., J.W., J.G., and N.J. are employees and/or stakeholders in Standard BioTools. T.P. is a cofounder of Takeoff41. T.D.L. is the co-founder and CSO of Microbiotica. N.A. is a cofounder of Takeoff AI, a member of the scientific advisory boards of January AI, Parallel Bio, Celine Therapeutics, and WellSim Biomedical Technologies, and a paid consultant for MaraBio Systems. E.B. is funded by the Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute Knight Initiative for Brain Resilience. The rest of the authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/14 00:30 MHDA- 2026/06/15 11:29 PMCR- 2026/04/13 CRDT- 2026/04/13 23:15 PHST- 2025/10/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/15 11:29 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/14 00:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/13 23:15 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41467-026-69754-w [pii] AID - 69754 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41467-026-69754-w [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nat Commun. 2026 Apr 13;17(1):5171. doi: 10.1038/s41467-026-69754-w. PMID- 41973938 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260923 IS - 2369-1999 (Electronic) IS - 2369-1999 (Linking) VI - 12 DP - 2026 Apr 13 TI - Physical Activity Monitoring in Adolescents and Young Adults With Cancer: Observational Feasibility Study. PG - e87591 LID - 10.2196/87591 [doi] LID - e87591 AB - BACKGROUND: There is a growing interest in characterizing the relationship between long-term physical activity (PA) habits and cancer-related outcomes such as treatment-related toxicities, recurrence, and complications. Wearable devices can provide critical information to achieve this goal; however, inferences are significantly influenced by device wear adherence. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the feasibility of using wearable devices to monitor short- and long-term PA in adolescent and young adult (AYA) patients with sarcoma during and after chemotherapy in a free-living environment and evaluate the ability to accurately capture changes in PA over 3 years. METHODS: A total of 63 AYA patients with sarcoma were provided with a Fitbit Charge 3 to track daily steps, sedentary time, and heart rate for up to 3 years. RESULTS: On average, during the first 30 days of follow-up, 57.1% (36/63) of patients wore their device at least 10 hours per day, and only 23.8% (15/63) of patients wore their devices thereafter. Patients spent a mean of 80% (SD 11%) of their day in a sedentary state. Despite low adherence, daily step count trends increased over time. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the adherence challenges met with longitudinal PA monitoring in AYA patients with sarcoma. Wearer discomfort, lost devices, and lack of data uploading compliance contributed to data missingness and attrition. Caution is warranted when relying on wearable activity trackers to inform program decisions, accurately assess PA outcomes, and monitor program adherence longitudinally without consideration of wearer bias. Alternative methods that would be more broadly accepted by AYA patients for effective long-term monitoring should be considered. CI - (c) Savannah V Rauschendorfer, Beatrice Cantoni, Michelle Audirac, Susan C Gilchrist, J Andrew Livingston, Michael E Roth, Corwin M Zigler, Eugenie S Kleinerman. Originally published in JMIR Cancer (https://cancer.jmir.org). FAU - Rauschendorfer, Savannah V AU - Rauschendorfer SV AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7811-5447 AD - Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Baylor University, 1311 S 5th Street, Waco, TX, 76706, United States, 1 3175045175. FAU - Cantoni, Beatrice AU - Cantoni B AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-0854-4864 AD - Department of Statistics and Data Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States. FAU - Audirac, Michelle AU - Audirac M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5889-6768 AD - Department of Biostatistics, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States. FAU - Gilchrist, Susan C AU - Gilchrist SC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9624-0292 AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States. FAU - Livingston, J Andrew AU - Livingston JA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1337-3282 AD - Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States. FAU - Roth, Michael E AU - Roth ME AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6411-8353 AD - Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States. FAU - Zigler, Corwin M AU - Zigler CM AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-0960-1656 AD - Department of Biostatistics, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States. FAU - Kleinerman, Eugenie S AU - Kleinerman ES AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4280-3031 AD - Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260413 PL - Canada TA - JMIR Cancer JT - JMIR cancer JID - 101666844 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - Feasibility Studies MH - Young Adult MH - Male MH - *Exercise/physiology MH - *Sarcoma/drug therapy/physiopathology MH - Wearable Electronic Devices MH - Adult MH - *Neoplasms MH - Patient Compliance/statistics & numerical data PMC - PMC13075630 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents and young adults OT - chemotherapy OT - physical activity tracking OT - sarcoma OT - wearable device COIS- Conflicts of Interest: None declared. EDAT- 2026/04/13 18:31 MHDA- 2026/04/13 18:32 PMCR- 2026/04/13 CRDT- 2026/04/13 15:13 PHST- 2025/11/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/13 18:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/13 18:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/13 15:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v12i1e87591 [pii] AID - 87591 [pii] AID - 10.2196/87591 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JMIR Cancer. 2026 Apr 13;12:e87591. doi: 10.2196/87591. PMID- 41972313 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260813 IS - 1533-0338 (Electronic) IS - 1533-0346 (Print) IS - 1533-0338 (Linking) VI - 25 DP - 2026 Jan-Dec TI - Dosimetric Performance Analysis of Pediatric Based Halcyon Volumetric Arc Therapy-Based Lung-Sparing Total Body Irradiation. PG - 15330338261443068 LID - 10.1177/15330338261443068 [doi] LID - 15330338261443068 AB - IntroductionHalcyon O-ring linear accelerators (linacs) provide a robust and efficient radiotherapy option for clinics. Interest in volumetric arc therapy (VMAT) based total body irradiation (TBI) has grown, with most current VMAT TBI protocols employing C-arm linacs; however, the feasibility of Halcyon-based VMAT TBI has been recently hypothesized. This study investigates the planning feasibility and dosimetric quality of VMAT-based, lung-sparing TBI delivered by Halcyon linac to pediatric patients.Methods10 pediatric patients (94 - 134 cm in height) previously treated to 12 Gy TBI through traditional 3D planning techniques were retrospectively replanned on a Halcyon linac. 2-3 VMAT plans containing 4-6 isocenters each with 2-2.5 arcs were created to treat the head, abdomen, and legs, with 1-2 static-gantry treatment matching areas being used between VMAT planning regions.ResultsLung doses were significantly reduced below the clinically significant level of 8 Gy, achieving mean doses of 6.66 +/- 0.52 Gy (55.5% +/- 4.3%). Target coverage was achieved with D90% of 77.5% +/- 12.5% and homogeneity indexes of 0.92 +/- 0.1. Planning time took 5-6 hours per patient: 1.5 hours for contouring and field placement and 3.5-4.5 hours for plan optimization and dose calculations. Using a dose rate of 800 MU/min field delivery time took an average of 20.8 +/- 7 minutes with average portal dosimetry quality assurance passing rates of 99.6% and 99.9% for 2%/2mm and 3%/3mm gamma analysis metrics.ConclusionVMAT lung sparing TBI via Halcyon linacs is feasible and dosimetrically acceptable, with greatest applicability to smaller patients (<100 cm). Planning and setup complexity increases dramatically for larger patients (>100 cm) due to the smaller maximum field sizes (28 x 28 cm2) achievable. Future developments in software-based automations for target delineation, multiple field matching, and plan optimization could allow for more practicable treatment of larger patients. FAU - Haertter, Allison AU - Haertter A AD - New York Proton Center, New York, NY. RINGGOLD: 672877 FAU - Goel, Keshav AU - Goel K AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-3070-9463 AD - Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. RINGGOLD: 14640 FAU - Niculcea, Jacob AU - Niculcea J AD - Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. RINGGOLD: 14640 FAU - Li, Taoran AU - Li T AD - Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. RINGGOLD: 6572 FAU - Hill-Kayser, Christine E AU - Hill-Kayser CE AD - Department of Radiation Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. RINGGOLD: 6572 FAU - Plastaras, John AU - Plastaras J AD - Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. RINGGOLD: 6572 FAU - LaRiviere, Michael J AU - LaRiviere MJ AD - Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. RINGGOLD: 6572 FAU - Kim, Michele M AU - Kim MM AD - Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. RINGGOLD: 6572 LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260413 PL - United States TA - Technol Cancer Res Treat JT - Technology in cancer research & treatment JID - 101140941 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted/methods MH - *Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated/methods MH - Radiotherapy Dosage MH - *Whole-Body Irradiation/methods MH - Radiometry/methods MH - *Lung/radiation effects MH - Child MH - Particle Accelerators MH - *Organ Sparing Treatments/methods MH - *Neoplasms/radiotherapy MH - Male MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - Child, Preschool MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Organs at Risk/radiation effects PMC - PMC13080152 OTO - NOTNLM OT - body mass index OT - cancer OT - cancer treatment OT - computed tomography, CT OT - delivery OT - lung OT - lung cancer OT - radiation OT - radiation therapy COIS- Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe authors declared the following potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: Dr. Taoran Li: reports employment with Varian Medical Systems. EDAT- 2026/04/13 12:37 MHDA- 2026/04/13 12:38 PMCR- 2026/04/13 CRDT- 2026/04/13 07:02 PHST- 2026/04/13 12:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/13 12:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/13 07:02 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1177_15330338261443068 [pii] AID - 10.1177/15330338261443068 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2026 Jan-Dec;25:15330338261443068. doi: 10.1177/15330338261443068. Epub 2026 Apr 13. PMID- 41970416 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260413 LR - 20260813 IS - 2398-8835 (Electronic) IS - 2398-8835 (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Apr TI - Maternal Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Toward Complementary Feeding in Rural Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study. PG - e72318 LID - 10.1002/hsr2.72318 [doi] LID - e72318 AB - BACKGROUND: Complementary Feeding is essential for child growth and development, particularly between 6 and 24 months of age, when nutritional demands exceed what breast milk alone can provide. However, persistent gaps remain between maternal knowledge and actual feeding practices in many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Inappropriate complementary feeding contributes significantly to child malnutrition in Bangladesh. This study examined the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of mothers regarding complementary feeding in a rural area of Tangail, Bangladesh. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 160 mothers of infants aged 6-24 months. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, guided by World Health Organisation (WHO) recommendations and previously validated KAP instruments. RESULTS: Most mothers (93.1%) had introduced complementary feeding to their children, and 82.5% correctly identified the appropriate age for initiating. Only 66.9% practised adequate hygiene in food preparation, and 93.1% affirmed the importance of nutritious complementary food for proper growth and development. Homemade foods were preferred by 89.4% of mothers, though 16.3% introduced formula milk early. Attitudes toward feeding during illness were mixed. However, 60% of mothers reported offering extra food during illness, which aligns with WHO recommendations. Mothers with higher education and income demonstrated significantly more positive attitudes, and employed mothers and those in nuclear families showed significantly better complementary feeding practices. CONCLUSION: This study found while most mothers in rural Bangladesh know when to initiate complementary feeding, substantial gaps persist in hygiene and feeding practices. Increased community-based and family-centered nutrition education, as well as the integration of growth monitoring into maternal and child health services, are recommended to address observed practice gaps. Further research should explore barriers to applying knowledge in practice. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Health Science Reports published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Islam, Rajib Ul AU - Islam RU AD - Department of Government and Politics Jahangirnagar University Savar Dhaka Bangladesh. FAU - Mili, Morsheda Alam AU - Mili MA AD - Department of Public Health and Informatics Jahangirnagar University Savar Dhaka Bangladesh. FAU - Kamal, Sabkat AU - Kamal S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6548-4937 AD - Department of Urban and Regional Planning Jahangirnagar University Savar Dhaka Bangladesh. FAU - Taher, Labina AU - Taher L AD - Kelvin Grove State College Brisbane Queensland Australia. FAU - Noshin, Fariha AU - Noshin F AD - Government College of Applied Human Science Dhaka Bangladesh. FAU - Moonajilin, Mst Sabrina AU - Moonajilin MS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4135-9960 AD - Department of Public Health and Informatics Jahangirnagar University Savar Dhaka Bangladesh. AD - Queensland University of Technology, Psychology and counselling Brisbane Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260408 PL - United States TA - Health Sci Rep JT - Health science reports JID - 101728855 PMC - PMC13062521 OTO - NOTNLM OT - child nutrition OT - complementary feeding OT - maternal knowledge COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/13 18:17 MHDA- 2026/04/13 18:18 PMCR- 2026/04/08 CRDT- 2026/04/13 06:34 PHST- 2025/06/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/12/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/13 18:18 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/13 18:17 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/13 06:34 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - HSR272318 [pii] AID - 10.1002/hsr2.72318 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Health Sci Rep. 2026 Apr 8;9(4):e72318. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.72318. eCollection 2026 Apr. PMID- 41969967 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260413 LR - 20260813 IS - 1300-0667 (Print) IS - 1309-4866 (Electronic) IS - 1300-0667 (Linking) VI - 63 DP - 2026 TI - Binge Eating Disorder in Bipolar I Disorder: Prevalence, Childhood Trauma, and Clinical Correlates. PG - 380-386 LID - 10.29399/npa.29253 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Bipolar I disorder (BD-I) frequently co-occurs with eating disorders, particularly binge eating disorder (BED), which may adversely affect the clinical course, including recurrence risk and functional impairment. Research exploring the specific association between BED and childhood trauma (CT) in BD-I remains limited. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of BED among euthymic BD-I patients and to examine its associations with CT and clinical characteristics. METHODS: This cross-sectional study recruited 150 euthymic BD-I patients diagnosed according to DSM-5 criteria. Sociodemographic data, illness-related variables, psychiatric comorbidities, and medication use were collected. Binge eating disorder was assessed through the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (SCID-5) and validated eating disorder scales. Childhood trauma was evaluated using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Statistical analyses included group comparisons and multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: Binge eating disorder prevalence in the sample was 19.3%. Female sex, higher body weight, and elevated body mass index were significantly associated with BED. Compared to patients without BED, those with BED reported higher rates of psychotic episodes, rapid cycling, and suicide attempts. Childhood trauma questionnaire total scores, particularly physical abuse subscale scores, were significantly higher in the BED group. Logistic regression analysis revealed that female sex, a history of physical abuse, and higher eating disorder scale scores were independent predictors of BED. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that BED constitutes a distinct and clinically consequential profile in euthymic BD-I patients, one that is strongly shaped by both increased illness severity and CT. This relationship underlines the necessity of integrating systematic assessments of eating pathology and trauma exposure into the standard clinical evaluation of BD-I patients to ensure timely recognition and the delivery of effective, precision-based therapeutic interventions. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Turkish Neuropsychiatric Society. FAU - Karabiyik, Binnur AU - Karabiyik B AD - Basaksehir Cam Sakura City Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Onur, Ozge Sahmelikoglu AU - Onur OS AD - Tekirdag Namik Kemal University, Department of Psychiatry, Tekirdag, Turkiye. FAU - Karamustafalioglu, Nesrin AU - Karamustafalioglu N AD - 16th Psychiatry Clinic, Bakirkoy Prof. Dr. Mazhar Osman Trainig and Research Hospital for Psychiatry, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Istanbul, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260326 PL - Turkey TA - Noro Psikiyatr Ars JT - Noro psikiyatri arsivi JID - 9426194 PMC - PMC13065102 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Binge eating disorder OT - bipolar disorder OT - childhood trauma OT - eating disorder COIS- Conflict of Interest: The authors declared that there is no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/13 18:17 MHDA- 2026/04/13 18:18 PMCR- 2026/03/26 CRDT- 2026/04/13 06:30 PHST- 2025/10/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/01/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/13 18:18 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/13 18:17 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/13 06:30 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - archneuro-63-380 [pii] AID - 10.29399/npa.29253 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Noro Psikiyatr Ars. 2026 Mar 26;63:380-386. doi: 10.29399/npa.29253. eCollection 2026. PMID- 41969721 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260413 LR - 20260813 IS - 0970-0218 (Print) IS - 1998-3581 (Electronic) IS - 0970-0218 (Linking) VI - 51 IP - Suppl 1 DP - 2026 Feb TI - Weight Perception and Bullying among Overweight and Obese Students (Age 6-16 Years) in Amritsar District. PG - S137-S143 LID - 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_523_24 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Childhood obesity is a serious global health crisis with serious and long-lasting consequences for children's physical and mental health. The persistence of obesity and accompanying health complications is partly due to parents' and children's misperceptions about their weight status. Furthermore, obesity is associated with increased bullying and negative social experiences among school-aged children. OBJECTIVES: The study aims to evaluate the self-perception of weight among overweight and obese students aged 6-16 years in Amritsar and to explore the relationship between obesity and bullying. METHODS: The Amritsar district was selected through the lottery method of simple random sampling for this cross-sectional study, which was carried out between October 2019 and April 2020. Out of 4226 students, 355 overweight and obese students were interviewed regarding their weight perceptions and social impact. After being fully informed of the study's goals and methods, guardians and students gave their written consent to take part. A predesigned, validated, semistructured questionnaire was used to interview mothers of students aged 6 to 11 and students aged 12 to 16. Statistical analysis was done using Chi-square and logistic regression tests. RESULTS: 70.7% received weight loss suggestions from family, with 39.4% from parents. Despite 52.1% attempting weight loss, many found it ineffective. Only 47.3% deemed school education on weight management sufficient. Notably, 53.2% reported their social life has been impacted negatively due to their weight, and 29.9% experienced sadness. Bullying was more prevalent among boys, with 72.9% reporting such experiences. Regression analysis indicated that obesity-related sadness and being aged 14-16 years increased odds of bullying. CONCLUSIONS: Bullying is more prevalent in obese boys, and it is more likely to affect students of age group 14-16 years and those who are depressed about their weight. Many students and their mothers misperceive weight status. Improvements to school canteen food quality, nutrition seminars, and physical education programs are among the recommendations. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Indian Journal of Community Medicine. FAU - Batish, Rohit AU - Batish R AD - Department of Community Medicine, GMC and RH, Patiala, Punjab, India. FAU - Oberoi, Simmi AU - Oberoi S AD - Department of Community Medicine, GMC and RH, Patiala, Punjab, India. FAU - Ghosh, Sataparna AU - Ghosh S AD - Department of Community Medicine, GMC and RH, Patiala, Punjab, India. FAU - Singh, Aman Dev AU - Singh AD AD - Department of Community Medicine, GMC and RH, Patiala, Punjab, India. FAU - Ashish, Sneh AU - Ashish S AD - Department of Dental Research Cell, Dr. DY Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. DY Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260112 PL - India TA - Indian J Community Med JT - Indian journal of community medicine : official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine JID - 9315574 PMC - PMC13068427 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bullying OT - overweight OT - pediatric obesity OT - weight perceptions COIS- There are no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/13 18:17 MHDA- 2026/04/13 18:18 PMCR- 2026/02/01 CRDT- 2026/04/13 06:28 PHST- 2024/07/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/09/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/13 18:18 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/13 18:17 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/13 06:28 [entrez] PHST- 2026/02/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - IJCM-51-137 [pii] AID - 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_523_24 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Indian J Community Med. 2026 Feb;51(Suppl 1):S137-S143. doi: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_523_24. Epub 2026 Jan 12. PMID- 41969713 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260413 LR - 20260813 IS - 0970-0218 (Print) IS - 1998-3581 (Electronic) IS - 0970-0218 (Linking) VI - 51 IP - Suppl 1 DP - 2026 Feb TI - Exploring Complementary Feeding Practices and their Determinants among 6-24 month old Children: A Cross Sectional Study. PG - S45-S52 LID - 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_841_24 [doi] AB - CONTEXT: Children under two years should be provided with sufficient and suitable complementary foods and breastmilk to ensure proper growth and development. However, their diets fall short in quality, quantity, and frequency. AIMS: To assess complementary feeding practices and their associated predictors in children aged 6-24 months. METHODS AND MATERIAL: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between June 2023 and December 2023, where mothers of 400 children of 6-24 months of age were interviewed. Previous day diets of children were recorded using the open diet recall method on a pretested, validated, and semi-structured questionnaire. Nine indicators given by the World Health Organization were subsequently calculated. The factors influencing complementary feeding were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: The mean age for the introduction of solid, semi-solid, and soft foods was 6.05 +/- 1.676 months. Timely initiation of complementary foods was reported in 73% of subjects. Minimum acceptable diet (MAD), minimum diet diversity (MDD), and minimum meal frequency (MMF) were achieved in 15.5%, 16.5%, and 82.25% of subjects, respectively. While a substantial number of children consume unhealthy foods (52%) and sweet beverages (24.5%), a notable percentage does not consume fruits or vegetables (43.5%), eggs (6.8%), or flesh foods (0%). A smaller proportion of females receive a timely introduction of complementary foods compared to males [AOR: 0.321 (CI: 0.199-0.518)]. Mothers who completed higher levels of studies introduced solid foods timely compared to others [High school AOR: 1.937 (CI: 1.097-3.418); graduate and above AOR: 2.569 (CI: 1.132-5.833)]. MDD is significantly associated with the age of subjects [9-12 months AOR: 8.05 (CI: 1.02-63.41); 13-24 months AOR: 13.85 (CI: 1.84-104.36)]. MMF is significantly linked with age of subjects [13-24 months AOR: 14.364 (CI 5.89-35.01)], mother's occupation [Working mothers AOR: 0.29 (CI 0.09-0.89)], live births [>/=2 live births AOR: 2.07 (CI 1.10-3.89)], hours away from child [<5 hours AOR: 3.96 (CI: 1.11-14.14)], and socio-economic status [Upper middle AOR: 5.29 (CI: 1.54-18.15)]. MAD is significantly influenced by the age of subjects [13-24 months AOR: 13.72 (CI: 1.81-104.01)] and the type of family [joint family AOR: 2.04 (CI: 1.09-3.81)]. CONCLUSIONS: There is a concern about the critical importance of timely initiation of complementary feeding and the adequacy of diets provided to young children. One-fourth to half of children under two years consume more sweet beverages and unhealthy foods while missing out on micronutrient-rich foods. Being male and having a mother with higher education significantly influence the timely introduction of complementary foods. As the child's age increases, so does their meal diversity, frequency, and adequacy. Working mothers with more time away from children, with less experience of raising children and belonging to poor socio-economic status, have adverse effects on meal frequency. Contrarily, children of joint families receive an adequate diet. CI - Copyright: (c) 2025 Indian Journal of Community Medicine. FAU - Rai, Sunvir K AU - Rai SK AD - Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Patiala, Punjab, India. FAU - Oberoi, Simmi AU - Oberoi S AD - Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Patiala, Punjab, India. FAU - Gill, Shahirajpreet K AU - Gill SK AD - MBBS Student, Government Medical College, Patiala, Punjab, India. FAU - Kaur, Ravneet AU - Kaur R AD - MBBS Student, Government Medical College, Patiala, Punjab, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20251110 PL - India TA - Indian J Community Med JT - Indian journal of community medicine : official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine JID - 9315574 PMC - PMC13068425 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Child nutrition OT - complementary feeding OT - diet OT - feeding behavior OT - infants COIS- There are no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/13 18:17 MHDA- 2026/04/13 18:18 PMCR- 2026/02/01 CRDT- 2026/04/13 06:28 PHST- 2024/11/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/05/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/13 18:18 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/13 18:17 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/13 06:28 [entrez] PHST- 2026/02/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - IJCM-51-45 [pii] AID - 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_841_24 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Indian J Community Med. 2026 Feb;51(Suppl 1):S45-S52. doi: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_841_24. Epub 2025 Nov 10. PMID- 41968602 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260729 LR - 20260729 IS - 1941-2479 (Electronic) IS - 1010-5395 (Linking) VI - 38 IP - 1_suppl DP - 2026 Jul TI - Health Status of Orang Asli in Peninsular Malaysia: An Overview of Methodology and General Findings of OAHS 2022. PG - 12-18 LID - 10.1177/10105395261437331 [doi] AB - This study elaborated on the methodology and general findings of the Orang Asli Health Survey (OAHS), a nationwide cross-sectional study using stratified random sampling. Conducted in 68 villages, the survey achieved a response rate of 89.8%. Comprehensive health data were collected, with rigorous data cleaning and weighting to ensure accuracy and representativeness. Most Orang Asli resided in fringe (45.5%) and remote -(45.9%) areas, with Senoi (41.3%), Proto-Malay (33.8%), and Negrito (24.9%) as the main tribal groups. Nearly half (49.0%) of respondents aged 7 years and above had no formal education, and 86.6% of employed adults held low-skilled jobs. In addition, 64.6% earned below RM1000 monthly. Major health indicators were incorporated. Lower prevalence of complete vaccination (60.7%) and child malnutrition remained concern, with 43.8% stunting, 12.3% wasting, and 6.7% overweight. Among adults, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia were the most prevalent. While the cross-sectional design limits causality, the findings highlight persistent disparities and the need for longitudinal research and culturally sensitive interventions to improve Orang Asli's health. FAU - Abd Razak, Mohamad Aznuddin AU - Abd Razak MA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5330-8100 AD - Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam, Malaysia. FAU - Khalil, Muhamad Khairul Nazrin AU - Khalil MKN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1856-407X AD - Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam, Malaysia. FAU - Sahril, Norhafizah AU - Sahril N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2325-5551 AD - Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam, Malaysia. FAU - Mohd Yusoff, Muhammad Fadhli AU - Mohd Yusoff MF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3962-5847 AD - Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam, Malaysia. FAU - Ahmad, Noor Ani AU - Ahmad NA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8136-5295 AD - Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam, Malaysia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260412 PL - China TA - Asia Pac J Public Health JT - Asia-Pacific journal of public health JID - 8708538 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - Child MH - Middle Aged MH - Male MH - *Health Status MH - Adult MH - Malaysia/epidemiology MH - *Health Surveys/methods MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - Aged MH - Child, Preschool OTO - NOTNLM OT - OAHS OT - cross-sectional OT - health status OT - indigenous people OT - methodology COIS- Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. EDAT- 2026/04/13 06:32 MHDA- 2026/07/29 18:38 CRDT- 2026/04/13 01:43 PHST- 2026/07/29 18:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/13 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/13 01:43 [entrez] AID - 10.1177/10105395261437331 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Asia Pac J Public Health. 2026 Jul;38(1_suppl):12-18. doi: 10.1177/10105395261437331. Epub 2026 Apr 12. PMID- 41967738 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260819 LR - 20260831 IS - 1097-6868 (Electronic) IS - 0002-9378 (Linking) VI - 235 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Consensus and controversies of international guidelines for the diagnosis, surveillance, and management of fetal growth restriction: an updated comparison. PG - 486-505 LID - S0002-9378(26)00188-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ajog.2026.04.010 [doi] AB - Fetal growth restriction remains a major contributor to perinatal morbidity and mortality, yet its management varies across clinical settings. The aim of this study was to compare areas of consensus and disagreements across contemporary international and national guidelines on the diagnosis, surveillance, and management of fetal growth restriction. Electronic searches of Medline from database inception up to March 2026 using Medical Subject Headings terms and keywords related to fetal growth restriction and guidelines. Critical, structured comparison of national or international guidelines on fetal growth restriction published since 2010. Final inclusion required unanimous agreement from all authors. Prespecified extraction across domains: definition, prediction/prevention, surveillance tools and frequency, delivery timing and mode, and labor induction methods. Dual data checking with consensus resolution. We focused mainly on areas of cross-guideline agreement and divergence in (1) definitions (fetal growth restriction vs small for gestational age; early vs late), (2) diagnostic/surveillance tools (biometry, Doppler, cardiotocography [conventional or computerized], biophysical profile, biomarkers), and (3) management (aspirin/low-molecular-weight heparin, steroids, magnesium sulfate, induction methods, delivery timing/mode). Six guidelines, 3 national (Canada, United Kingdom, and France), 1 US society guideline (Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine), and 2 international societies (International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology and International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) published predominantly between 2015 and 2024 were included. Broad agreement exists on the central role of Doppler-especially umbilical artery and, in early-onset cases, ductus venosus (except for Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine)-for risk stratification and delivery timing. Other consensus points include antenatal corticosteroids, magnesium sulfate for anticipated preterm birth, early aspirin in high-risk pregnancies, and access to genetic counseling/testing in severe or early-onset fetal growth restriction with structural anomalies. Universal third-trimester ultrasound is not recommended in low-risk pregnancies. Controversies remain on the definition of fetal growth restriction vs small for gestational age (Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine biometric threshold vs Delphi criteria), routine use of angiogenic biomarkers, low-molecular-weight heparin for prevention, choice of growth charts, the role of the biophysical profile, computerized cardiotocography, and induction methods (mechanical generally favored but with limited evidence). Current guidelines converge on Doppler-based surveillance and standard preterm interventions, but substantial heterogeneity persists in definitions and several management domains, reflecting variable evidence and resource contexts. Priorities include harmonizing definitions, validating surveillance algorithms (notably computerized cardiotocography and ductus venosus), clarifying growth-chart selection, and rigorously testing the added value of angiogenic biomarkers and induction strategies to improve fetal growth restriction outcomes. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Di Mascio, Daniele AU - Di Mascio D AD - Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: daniele.dimascio@uniroma1.it. FAU - Chauhan, Suneet P AU - Chauhan SP AD - Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Delaware Center of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Newark, DE. FAU - Ghi, Tullio AU - Ghi T AD - Department of Women and Child Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Khalil, Asma AU - Khalil A AD - Fetal Medicine Unit, Liverpool Women Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Fetal Medicine Unit, St George's Hospital, London, United Kingdom; Vascular Biology Research Centre, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, City St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Martins, Juliana G AU - Martins JG AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Macon and Joan Brock Virginia Health Sciences at Old Dominion University (ODU), Norfolk, VA. FAU - Sorrenti, Sara AU - Sorrenti S AD - Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Stampalija, Tamara AU - Stampalija T AD - Unit of Fetal Medicine and Prenatal Diagnosis, Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy; Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy. FAU - Zullo, Fabrizio AU - Zullo F AD - Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Figueras, Francesc AU - Figueras F AD - BCNatal (Hospital Clinic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260410 PL - United States TA - Am J Obstet Gynecol JT - American journal of obstetrics and gynecology JID - 0370476 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - R16CO5Y76E (Aspirin) RN - 0 (Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight) RN - 7487-88-9 (Magnesium Sulfate) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Fetal Growth Retardation/diagnosis/therapy MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *Practice Guidelines as Topic MH - Consensus MH - Ultrasonography, Prenatal MH - Cardiotocography MH - Infant, Small for Gestational Age MH - Umbilical Arteries/diagnostic imaging MH - Gestational Age MH - Biomarkers MH - Ultrasonography, Doppler MH - Labor, Induced MH - Aspirin/therapeutic use MH - Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight/therapeutic use MH - Biometry MH - Magnesium Sulfate/therapeutic use OTO - NOTNLM OT - Doppler OT - ductus venosus OT - fetal growth restriction OT - fetal smallness OT - neonatal morbidity OT - neonatal mortality OT - small for gestational age OT - umbilical artery EDAT- 2026/04/13 00:31 MHDA- 2026/08/19 23:42 CRDT- 2026/04/12 19:36 PHST- 2026/01/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/19 23:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/13 00:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/12 19:36 [entrez] AID - S0002-9378(26)00188-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ajog.2026.04.010 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2026 Sep;235(3):486-505. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2026.04.010. Epub 2026 Apr 10. PMID- 41967273 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260715 IS - 1872-6283 (Electronic) IS - 0379-0738 (Linking) VI - 385 DP - 2026 Aug TI - A novel forensic protocol for age reversal facial approximation from elderly skulls using computed tomography scans, CAD techniques and anthropometric data. PG - 112960 LID - S0379-0738(26)00147-7 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.forsciint.2026.112960 [doi] AB - This study presents a detailed protocol for reconstructing a realistic youthful face from the skull of an elderly individual, based on Computed Tomography (CT) scans. The methodology addresses critical age-related changes, including mandibular displacement, tooth loss, and the degradation of supporting bone structures. The soft tissue reconstruction adheres to current forensic anthropology standards, utilizing average soft tissue thickness measurements at key landmarks. These measurements are derived from statistical analyses of large datasets that consider factors like ethnicity, age, and Body Mass Index (BMI) to ensure accuracy. Computational workflow integrates open-source facial modeling software with advanced Computer-Aided Design (CAD) techniques typically used in prosthetic dentistry. This approach allows for the functional repositioning of the mandible and the digital reconstruction of missing dentoalveolar structures. The research relies on existing anthropometric databases, with additional soft tissue data sourced from the FACEBASE 3D database to fill any informational gaps. The effectiveness of this developed methodology was demonstrated through a case study: the forensic facial approximation of the youthful appearance of Blessed Giacomo Illirico of Bitetto, who died in 1496. This application served as a real-world test of the protocol's ability to scientifically reverse the effects of aging on facial structure, providing a scientifically grounded visualization of his younger self. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Nasca, Giuseppe AU - Nasca G AD - Dipartimento di Meccanica Matematica e Management, Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy. FAU - Ioime, Giovanni AU - Ioime G AD - Odontoiatra e protesista dentale, Piazza del Carmine 209, Naples 80133, Italy. FAU - Pellegrini, Alessandro AU - Pellegrini A AD - Department of Agriculture, Food, Natural Resources and Engineering, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy. Electronic address: alessandro.pellegrini@unifg.it. FAU - Ianora, Antonio Amato Stabile AU - Ianora AAS AD - Dipartimento interdisciplinare di Medicina, Istituto di Radiologia, Universita degli studi di Bari "A, Moro, Bari, Italy. FAU - Introna, Francesco AU - Introna F AD - Dipartimento interdisciplinare di Medicina, Sezione di Medicina legale, Universita degli studi di Bari "A, Moro, Bari, Italy. FAU - Di Gioia, Eliana AU - Di Gioia E AD - Odontoiatra e protesista dentale, Specialista in Ortognatodonzia, Via Dante Alighieri 97, Bari, Italy. FAU - Galantucci, Luigi Maria AU - Galantucci LM AD - Dipartimento di Meccanica Matematica e Management, Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260409 PL - Ireland TA - Forensic Sci Int JT - Forensic science international JID - 7902034 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Tomography, X-Ray Computed MH - Forensic Anthropology/methods MH - Imaging, Three-Dimensional MH - *Face/anatomy & histology/diagnostic imaging MH - *Computer-Aided Design MH - Aged MH - Software MH - *Skull/diagnostic imaging/anatomy & histology MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Male MH - *Age Determination by Skeleton/methods MH - Forensic Imaging OTO - NOTNLM OT - Age reversal OT - Anthropometry OT - Computed tomography OT - Digital forensics OT - Facial approximation OT - Odontology OT - Reconstruction OT - Skull-to-face COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/04/13 00:31 MHDA- 2026/05/27 00:30 CRDT- 2026/04/12 18:03 PHST- 2025/10/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/27 00:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/13 00:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/12 18:03 [entrez] AID - S0379-0738(26)00147-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.forsciint.2026.112960 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Forensic Sci Int. 2026 Aug;385:112960. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2026.112960. Epub 2026 Apr 9. PMID- 41966455 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260901 LR - 20260918 IS - 1530-891X (Print) IS - 1530-891X (Linking) VI - 32 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Thyroid Function and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Children and Adolescent With Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. PG - 1422-1429 LID - S1530-891X(26)00935-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.eprac.2026.04.002 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: The relationship between thyroid function and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in pediatric obesity remains incompletely defined. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to quantitatively assess the association between thyroid function parameters and NAFLD in children and adolescents with obesity. METHODS: A systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science was conducted through December 31, 2025. Observational studies evaluating thyroid function in children and adolescents with obesity, stratified by the presence or absence of NAFLD, were included. Hepatic steatosis was diagnosed using imaging, histology, or validated noninvasive scores. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed to compare serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine, and free triiodothyronine levels between groups. Study quality was assessed using Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies version 2. RESULTS: Ten studies encompassing 5145 participants were included. Meta-analysis of 6 studies (n= 3076) demonstrated significantly higher TSH levels in patients with NAFLD compared with controls without NAFLD (mean difference 0.37 mIU/L; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.07-0.66), with moderate heterogeneity (I(2)= 48.7%). No significant differences were observed for free thyroxine (standardized mean difference -0.35; 95% CI -1.15 to 0.45) or free triiodothyronine (standardized mean difference 0.35; 95% CI -0.26 to 0.96). Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the TSH association. CONCLUSION: In pediatric obesity, NAFLD is associated with higher TSH levels in the absence of significant changes in circulating thyroid hormone concentrations. These findings suggest that hyperthyrotropinaemia may represent a metabolic marker of hepatic steatosis rather than an adaptive physiological response. Prospective studies are needed to clarify causality and clinical implications. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 AACE. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Gatta, Elisa AU - Gatta E AD - Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, SSD Endocrinologia, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy; Centro per la Diagnosi e Cura delle Neoplasie Endocrine e delle Malattie della Tiroide, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy. FAU - Ugoccioni, Massimiliano AU - Ugoccioni M AD - Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. FAU - Gandossi, Elena AU - Gandossi E AD - Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, SSD Endocrinologia, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy; Centro per la Diagnosi e Cura delle Neoplasie Endocrine e delle Malattie della Tiroide, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy. FAU - Delbarba, Andrea AU - Delbarba A AD - Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, SSD Endocrinologia, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy. FAU - Agosti, Barbara AU - Agosti B AD - SSD Diabetologia, ASST Franciacorta, Chiari, Italy. FAU - Pirola, Ilenia AU - Pirola I AD - Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, SSD Endocrinologia, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy; Centro per la Diagnosi e Cura delle Neoplasie Endocrine e delle Malattie della Tiroide, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy. FAU - Rotondi, Mario AU - Rotondi M AD - Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors, Pavia, Italy. FAU - Cappelli, Carlo AU - Cappelli C AD - Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, SSD Endocrinologia, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy; Centro per la Diagnosi e Cura delle Neoplasie Endocrine e delle Malattie della Tiroide, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy. Electronic address: carlo.cappelli@unibs.it. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Meta-Analysis PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20260409 PL - United States TA - Endocr Pract JT - Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists JID - 9607439 RN - 9002-71-5 (Thyrotropin) RN - 06LU7C9H1V (Triiodothyronine) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/epidemiology/physiopathology/blood/etiology MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - *Thyroid Gland/physiopathology MH - *Pediatric Obesity/complications/physiopathology/epidemiology/blood MH - Thyrotropin/blood MH - Thyroid Function Tests MH - Triiodothyronine/blood OTO - NOTNLM OT - NAFLD OT - hepatic steatosis OT - obesity OT - thyroid COIS- Disclosure The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose. EDAT- 2026/04/12 12:33 MHDA- 2026/09/01 23:34 CRDT- 2026/04/12 10:30 PHST- 2026/02/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/01 23:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/12 12:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/12 10:30 [entrez] AID - S1530-891X(26)00935-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.eprac.2026.04.002 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Endocr Pract. 2026 Sep;32(9):1422-1429. doi: 10.1016/j.eprac.2026.04.002. Epub 2026 Apr 9. PMID- 41965659 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260813 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 11 TI - New growth charts for children and adolescents in Catalonia, Spain: developed from routinely collected data (2013-2019). LID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27263-x [doi] LID - 1650 AB - BACKGROUND: Growth charts are essential for detecting early health conditions in children. This study aims to create up-to-date and region-specific growth charts for children and adolescents using large real-world data from primary care electronic health records (EHR) in Catalonia, Spain. METHODS: We used routinely collected EHR of the Institut Catala de la Salut, the main primary care provider in Catalonia. We included children aged one month to 14 years with a birthweight greater than 2500 gr, and at least one anthropometric measurement registered (2013-2019). Growth references for head circumference, weight, length/height, and body mass index (BMI) were fitted using GAMLSS models. We built our charts with data recorded in 2013, validated them using data from 2014 to 2019 and compared them to WHO and Spanish growth charts. RESULTS: With a total of 876,097 records from 155,950 children, we estimated new growth charts. Our curves were higher in the highest percentile, especially for weight and BMI (starting from 4 years old), compared to the WHO standards and for extreme percentiles compared to outdated national charts but were similar to more recent national curves. Validation analyses showed similar results with differences only seen for extreme weight and BMI percentile curves, older ages and later years. CONCLUSIONS: We created new growth charts using a novel approach, accurately representing local growth patterns in the population living in Catalonia. These charts offer primary care professionals a valuable tool for assessing children's and adolescents' growth in the region. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Mora, Nuria AU - Mora N AD - Primary Care Services Information System (SISAP), Institut Catala de la Salut (ICS), Gran Via de les Corts Catalanes 587, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Palomar-Cros, Anna AU - Palomar-Cros A AD - Fundacio Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atencio Primaria de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Gran Via de les Corts Catalanes 587, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Perez-Crespo, Laura AU - Perez-Crespo L AD - Fundacio Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atencio Primaria de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Gran Via de les Corts Catalanes 587, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Mendez-Boo, Leonardo AU - Mendez-Boo L AD - Primary Care Services Information System (SISAP), Institut Catala de la Salut (ICS), Gran Via de les Corts Catalanes 587, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Ramos, Francisca AU - Ramos F AD - Primary Care Services Information System (SISAP), Institut Catala de la Salut (ICS), Gran Via de les Corts Catalanes 587, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Quintana, Manuel AU - Quintana M AD - Primary Care Services Information System (SISAP), Institut Catala de la Salut (ICS), Gran Via de les Corts Catalanes 587, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Rene, Anna AU - Rene A AD - Primary Care Services Information System (SISAP), Institut Catala de la Salut (ICS), Gran Via de les Corts Catalanes 587, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Fina, Francesc AU - Fina F AD - Primary Care Services Information System (SISAP), Institut Catala de la Salut (ICS), Gran Via de les Corts Catalanes 587, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Coma, Ermengol AU - Coma E AD - Primary Care Services Information System (SISAP), Institut Catala de la Salut (ICS), Gran Via de les Corts Catalanes 587, Barcelona, Spain. ecomaredon@gencat.cat. FAU - Duarte-Salles, Talita AU - Duarte-Salles T AD - Fundacio Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atencio Primaria de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Gran Via de les Corts Catalanes 587, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260411 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Spain MH - *Growth Charts MH - Child, Preschool MH - Child MH - Electronic Health Records MH - Infant MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Male MH - Primary Health Care MH - Body Height MH - Body Mass Index MH - Reference Values PMC - PMC13195899 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Childhood OT - Electronic health records OT - Growth curves OT - Primary care COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: All analysis and methods of this study have been performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki (last update, Fortaleza, Brazil 2013) and existing relevant guidelines and regulations in Spain. This work was approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of IDIAP Jordi Gol with reference number 23/091-P, including a waiver for the informed consent of patients taking part in the study, and the data extracted from the EHR were fully anonymised. There was no patient or public involvement in this study. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/12 04:37 MHDA- 2026/05/22 06:36 PMCR- 2026/04/11 CRDT- 2026/04/11 23:17 PHST- 2024/09/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/22 06:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/12 04:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/11 23:17 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27263-x [pii] AID - 27263 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27263-x [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2026 Apr 11;26(1):1650. doi: 10.1186/s12889-026-27263-x. PMID- 41964732 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260813 IS - 1590-1262 (Electronic) IS - 1124-4909 (Print) IS - 1124-4909 (Linking) VI - 31 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 11 TI - The association between CALLY index and obesity in adolescents: a comparative analysis with traditional inflammatory markers. LID - 10.1007/s40519-026-01844-6 [doi] LID - 52 AB - OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between the C-reactive protein-Albumin-lymphocyte (CALLY) index and obesity in adolescents, and evaluate its predictive performance compared to traditional inflammatory markers. METHODS: Data from NHANES 2015-2018 were analyzed, including 2188 adolescents aged 12-20 years. The CALLY index was calculated as (albumin x lymphocytes)/CRP. Multivariate weighted logistic regression was used to assess associations with obesity. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves and Area Under the Curve (AUC) were computed to evaluate the predictive performance of the CALLY index compared to traditional inflammatory markers (NLR, PLR, SII, SIRI). Survey-weighted logistic regression assessed associations of CALLY with obesity; model fit (Nagelkerke R(2)) and discrimination were evaluated, with sensitivity analyses for model specifications. RESULTS: The CALLY index was inversely associated with obesity (OR = 0.968, 95% CI 0.958-0.977, p < 0.001), with each 1-unit increase reducing obesity odds by 3.20%. This association remained significant after multivariate adjustment and varied by age, race, and physical activity. The standalone AUC of CALLY (0.743) significantly outperformed traditional markers (PLR: 0.515, NLR: 0.546, SII: 0.593, SIRI: 0.598). Combined with covariates, AUC increased to 0.774 (DeLong test p < 0.001). At the cutoff of 15.10, CALLY achieved > 80% sensitivity with a positive likelihood ratio near 2.0. CONCLUSIONS: The CALLY index is a robust and independent predictor of obesity in adolescents, outperforming traditional inflammatory markers. Its integration with traditional covariates further enhances predictive accuracy, suggesting that the CALLY index could be a valuable tool for early screening and intervention in adolescent obesity. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Li, Yanchao AU - Li Y AD - Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550000, Guizhou, People's Republic of China. AD - Department of Pediatric Rheumatology and Immunology, Guiyang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital (Guiyang Children's Hospital), Guiyang, 550003, Guizhou, People's Republic of China. FAU - Shao, Xiaoshan AU - Shao X AD - Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550000, Guizhou, People's Republic of China. sxs22@sina.com. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Guiyang First People Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, Guizhou, People's Republic of China. sxs22@sina.com. FAU - Yang, Xiaoyan AU - Yang X AD - Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550000, Guizhou, People's Republic of China. 469389553@qq.com. LA - eng GR - 82260149/the National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - 25NSFCP24/the National Natural Science Foundation of China Cultivation Project of Guizhou Medical University/ GR - 2025FYYJ[HX]-001/the Construction Project of the Hospital-level Key Laboratory of Guizhou Medical University/ GR - gyfyrcbz-2025-04/the High-level Innovative Talent Project of Guizhou Provincial Department of Science and Technology/ GR - Qiankehe Basic-ZK[2023]366/the General Program of Basic Research (Natural Science) of Guizhou Provincial Department of Science and Technology/ GR - Qiankehe Basic-XKBFK[2025]023/the Project for Supporting High-level Universities Outside the Province to Assist Discipline Construction in Guizhou Universities/ GR - 2024GZYXKYJJXM0027/the Guizhou Population Health Foundation/ PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260411 PL - Germany TA - Eat Weight Disord JT - Eating and weight disorders : EWD JID - 9707113 RN - 9007-41-4 (C-Reactive Protein) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Albumins) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - *C-Reactive Protein/metabolism/analysis MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - Female MH - Male MH - Child MH - *Inflammation/blood MH - Young Adult MH - *Albumins/metabolism/analysis MH - *Lymphocytes/metabolism MH - ROC Curve MH - *Pediatric Obesity/blood MH - Nutrition Surveys MH - Obesity PMC - PMC13219132 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent obesity OT - CALLY index OT - Logistic regression OT - NHANES OT - ROC analysis COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The survey protocol was approved by the NCHS Research Ethics Review Committee. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. All methods adhered to the ethical standards outlined in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent amendments, or comparable ethical standards. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants and/or their parents. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/12 04:33 MHDA- 2026/05/29 15:46 PMCR- 2026/04/11 CRDT- 2026/04/11 11:04 PHST- 2025/11/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/29 15:46 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/12 04:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/11 11:04 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s40519-026-01844-6 [pii] AID - 1844 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s40519-026-01844-6 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Eat Weight Disord. 2026 Apr 11;31(1):52. doi: 10.1007/s40519-026-01844-6. PMID- 41963909 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260627 LR - 20260813 IS - 1476-511X (Electronic) IS - 1476-511X (Linking) VI - 25 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 10 TI - Assessment of BMI percentages of obesity thresholds and cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents: a retrospective cross-sectional study in Beijing. LID - 10.1186/s12944-026-02940-3 [doi] LID - 133 AB - BACKGROUND: The prevalence of pediatric obesity, particularly severe obesity, is rising rapidly in China. Few studies have examined the relationship between body mass index (BMI) expressed as percentages of obesity thresholds (%BMI) and cardiometabolic risks in Chinese pediatric population. This study aims to evaluate the dose-response relationship between %BMI and cardiometabolic risk factors among children and adolescents in Beijing. METHODS: This retrospective cross-sectional study utilized electronic health records (EHRs) of children and adolescents aged 7-18 years with obesity attending a specialized clinic. Anthropometric and laboratory data were extracted and validated. Individuals were categorized into class 1 obesity (BMI 100-120% of the obesity thresholds), class 2 (120-140%), and class 3 (>/= 140%). Logistic regression assessed the associations between obesity subcategories and four cardiometabolic risk factors, including prediabetes, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance (IR), and elevated liver enzymes. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) models were used to investigate the dose-response relationship between %BMI and cardiometabolic risk factors. RESULTS: Among 1,761 included individuals, class 3 obesity was associated with significantly higher odds of prediabetes (OR = 1.49 [95% CI: 1.01-2.19] for boys; OR = 2.91 [95% CI: 1.57-5.41] for girls), IR (OR = 4.40 [95% CI: 2.66-7.51] for boys; OR = 3.52 [95% CI: 1.63-8.35] for girls), and elevated liver enzymes (OR = 2.65 [95% CI: 1.81-3.93] for boys; OR = 2.97 [95% CI: 1.65-5.47] for girls) compared to class 1. Linear dose-response relationships were observed between %BMI and these factors. Dyslipidemia and its components (e.g., low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high triglyceride) exhibited complex dose-response relationships that varied by sex and Tanner Stage. CONCLUSIONS: Among obese children and adolescents in Beijing, higher %BMI might be linearly associated with greater likelihood of prediabetes, IR, and elevated liver enzymes, while dyslipidemia exhibits sex- and puberty-specific patterns. Further researches are required to characterize cardiometabolic risks across the obesity spectrum in Chinese pediatric population to inform targeted interventions. FAU - Xiao, Ling AU - Xiao L AD - Clinical Nutrition Center, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China. FAU - Zeng, Yin AU - Zeng Y AD - Institute of Medical Information/Medical Library, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100020, China. FAU - Zheng, Si AU - Zheng S AD - Institute of Medical Information/Medical Library, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100020, China. FAU - Wang, Xiao-Yan AU - Wang XY AD - Clinical Nutrition Center, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China. FAU - Guo, Zhen AU - Guo Z AD - Institute of Medical Information/Medical Library, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100020, China. FAU - Cui, Ying AU - Cui Y AD - Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China. FAU - Tang, Rui AU - Tang R AD - Institute of Medical Information/Medical Library, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100020, China. FAU - Guo, Lin-Lin AU - Guo LL AD - Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China. guolinlin@shouer.com.cn. FAU - Li, Jiao AU - Li J AD - Institute of Medical Information/Medical Library, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100020, China. jiao.li@pumc.edu.cn. LA - eng GR - 2023ZD0509701/National Science and Technology Major Project/ GR - 2024YFA1307701/Key Technologies Research and Development Program/ GR - 2021-I2M-1-056/CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260410 PL - England TA - Lipids Health Dis JT - Lipids in health and disease JID - 101147696 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - Male MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Body Mass Index MH - *Cardiometabolic Risk Factors MH - Insulin Resistance MH - *Dyslipidemias/epidemiology/blood MH - Beijing/epidemiology MH - Risk Factors MH - *Prediabetic State/epidemiology/blood MH - *Obesity/epidemiology MH - *Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology/complications/blood MH - *Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology PMC - PMC13188306 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cardiometabolic risk OT - Dyslipidemia OT - Insulin resistance OT - Pediatric OT - Prediabetes OT - Severe obesity COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study is conducted in accordance with the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Given the retrospective nature of this study and the anonymous status of the data, the need for written informed consent was waived by the ethics committee of Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University (No. SHERLLM2024044). Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/11 00:32 MHDA- 2026/06/27 12:36 PMCR- 2026/04/10 CRDT- 2026/04/10 23:50 PHST- 2026/01/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 12:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/11 00:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/10 23:50 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12944-026-02940-3 [pii] AID - 2940 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12944-026-02940-3 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Lipids Health Dis. 2026 Apr 10;25(1):133. doi: 10.1186/s12944-026-02940-3. PMID- 41963694 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260821 LR - 20261008 IS - 1179-1942 (Electronic) IS - 0114-5916 (Linking) VI - 49 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Reliability of Self-Reported Maternal Health and Mother-Infant Outcome Data in Web-Based Questionnaires. PG - 1069-1084 LID - 10.1007/s40264-026-01671-9 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: The BELpREG registry in Belgium collects self-reported real-world data on perinatal medication use and mother-infant outcomes. Given the importance of self-reported data for pregnancy safety studies, this study aims to assess the reliability of maternal health and mother-infant outcome data reported in BELpREG. METHODS: We compared self-reported maternal health and mother-infant outcomes in the BELpREG registry with medical record data from gynaecologists, general practitioners, and midwives. Participants included pregnant women enrolled in BELpREG, aged 18 years or older, who delivered between November 2022 and April 2024 and had medical record data provided by at least one healthcare professional (HCP). Comparisons for continuous variables such as pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), gestational age at delivery, and infant metrics at birth were analysed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). For dichotomous and categorical variables, including pregnancy complications, delivery characteristics, and hospital admissions, we used Cohen's Kappa and observed proportions of positive and negative agreement. RESULTS: This study included 175 participants with available medical record data. Medical records were mostly returned by gynaecologists (40%) and midwives (25.7%). Reliability was high for pregnancy complications, onset, and mode of delivery. Gestational age showed almost perfect concordance (ICC 0.99). Infant outcomes, including birth metrics and Apgar scores, were highly reliable (ICC > 0.90), with almost perfect categorisation into birth weight percentiles (Cohen's Kappa 0.97). Self-reported maternal BMI exhibited moderate reliability as a continuous measure (ICC 0.75), but almost perfect agreement when categorised (Cohen's Kappa 0.89). The low prevalence of hospital admissions, delivery complications, infant complications, postpartum complications, and birth defects limited the assessment of these outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: The BELpREG registry demonstrated high agreement between self-reported and HCP-reported data for most maternal health and mother-infant outcomes, supporting its use in future pregnancy safety studies. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG. FAU - Sillis, Laure AU - Sillis L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7545-2357 AD - Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. laure.sillis@kuleuven.be. AD - Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium. laure.sillis@kuleuven.be. AD - L-C&Y-KU Leuven Child and Youth Institute, Leuven, Belgium. laure.sillis@kuleuven.be. FAU - Van Mechelen, Laura AU - Van Mechelen L AD - Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. FAU - van Gelder, Marleen M H J AU - van Gelder MMHJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4853-4434 AD - IQ Health Science Department, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. FAU - Lenie, Sien AU - Lenie S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-8786-4765 AD - Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. AD - L-C&Y-KU Leuven Child and Youth Institute, Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Allegaert, Karel AU - Allegaert K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9921-5105 AD - Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. AD - L-C&Y-KU Leuven Child and Youth Institute, Leuven, Belgium. AD - Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. AD - Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Erasmus MC Sophia's Children Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - Bogaerts, Annick AU - Bogaerts A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2718-4682 AD - L-C&Y-KU Leuven Child and Youth Institute, Leuven, Belgium. AD - Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. AD - Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Devon, UK. FAU - De Vos, Maarten AU - De Vos M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3482-5145 AD - Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. AD - Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Hompes, Titia AU - Hompes T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6206-0389 AD - Adult Psychiatry UPC, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. AD - Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Smits, Anne AU - Smits A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0710-6698 AD - L-C&Y-KU Leuven Child and Youth Institute, Leuven, Belgium. AD - Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. AD - Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Van Calsteren, Kristel AU - Van Calsteren K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2438-6783 AD - Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Verbakel, Jan Y AU - Verbakel JY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7166-7211 AD - Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. AD - Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Foulon, Veerle AU - Foulon V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4053-3915 AD - Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. AD - L-C&Y-KU Leuven Child and Youth Institute, Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Ceulemans, Michael AU - Ceulemans M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4130-5869 AD - Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. AD - Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium. AD - L-C&Y-KU Leuven Child and Youth Institute, Leuven, Belgium. AD - IQ Health Science Department, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260410 PL - New Zealand TA - Drug Saf JT - Drug safety JID - 9002928 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *Self Report/standards MH - Adult MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - *Pregnancy Outcome/epidemiology MH - Belgium/epidemiology MH - *Maternal Health/statistics & numerical data MH - Registries MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Pregnancy Complications/epidemiology MH - Internet MH - Young Adult MH - Gestational Age MH - Medical Records COIS- Declarations. Author contributions: Laure Sillis: Conceptualisation, data curation, formal analysis, funding acquisition, investigation, methodology, project administration, software, validation, visualisation, and writing - original draft. Laura Van Mechelen: Formal analysis, investigation, methodology, project administration, and writing - review and editing. Marleen M.H.J. van Gelder: Conceptualisation, methodology, and writing - review and editing. Sien Lenie: Investigation, project administration, validation, and writing - review and editing. Karel Allegaert: Methodology and writing - review and editing. Annick Bogaerts: Methodology and writing - review and editing. Maarten De Vos: Methodology and writing - review and editing. Titia Hompes: Methodology and writing - review and editing. Anne Smits: Methodology and writing - review and editing. Kristel Van Calsteren: Methodology and writing - review and editing. Jan Y Verbakel: Methodology and writing - review and editing. Veerle Foulon: Conceptualisation, funding acquisition, methodology, project administration, resources, supervision, and writing - review and editing. Michael Ceulemans: Conceptualisation, funding acquisition, investigation, methodology, project administration, resources, supervision, and writing - review and editing. All authors read and approved the final version. Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The companies providing research grants for the BELpREG initiative had no role in the design of BELpREG or this reliability study; nor in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of data; the writing of the manuscript; or the decision to publish the results. Data sharing: The data used for this analysis were collected under participants' informed consent for uses as directed by the study principal investigator and are not available for public access due to ethical and privacy reasons. Requests for use of the data should be directed to the corresponding author. Code availability: Statistical analyses were performed using R software. Requests for use of the code should be directed to the corresponding author. Ethics approval: Ethics approval for this study was obtained from the Ethics Committee Research UZ/KU Leuven (S66464). Consent to participate: All BELpREG participants provided electronic informed consent. Consent for publication: Not applicable. No individual participant data are presented in this article in a way that would allow identification of individual participants. Additional Contributions: The authors express their gratitude to the BELpREG participants and healthcare professionals who provided data for this study. Special thanks to Linda Lukeba for her pivotal role in data collection from healthcare professionals. The authors also appreciate the technical support from Digile for the BELpREG registry and the assistance from Medipim in upgrading the BELpREG questionnaires. Disclaimer: The terms 'individuals', 'participants', 'women', 'woman', 'mother', and 'maternal' are used in this article to refer to all those who are pregnant and give birth. The authors acknowledge that not all people who are pregnant and give birth will identify themselves as women. EDAT- 2026/04/11 00:32 MHDA- 2026/08/21 17:37 CRDT- 2026/04/10 23:29 PHST- 2025/04/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/21 17:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/11 00:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/10 23:29 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s40264-026-01671-9 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s40264-026-01671-9 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Drug Saf. 2026 Sep;49(9):1069-1084. doi: 10.1007/s40264-026-01671-9. Epub 2026 Apr 10. PMID- 41961782 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260410 LR - 20260813 IS - 2767-3375 (Electronic) IS - 2767-3375 (Linking) VI - 6 IP - 4 DP - 2026 TI - Predicting the burden of acute malnutrition in drought-prone regions of Kenya: A statistical analysis. PG - e0004485 LID - 10.1371/journal.pgph.0004485 [doi] LID - e0004485 AB - In drought-prone regions, timely and granular predictions of the burden of acute malnutrition could support decision-making. We explored whether routinely collected and/or publicly available data could be used to predict the prevalence of global and severe acute malnutrition, as well as the mean weight-for-height Z-score and middle-upper-arm circumference for age Z-score, in arid- and semi-arid regions of Kenya, where drought is projected to increase in frequency and intensity. The study covered six counties of northern Kenya and the period 2015-2019, during which a major drought occurred. To validate models, we sourced and curated so-called SMART anthropometric surveys covering one or more sub-counties for a total of 79 explicit survey strata and 44,218 individual child observations. We associated these surveys' predictors specified at the sub-county or county level, and comprising climate food security, observed malnutrition, epidemic disease incidence, health service utilisation and other social conditions. We explored both generalised linear or additive models and random forests and quantified their out-of-sample performance using cross-validation. In most counties, survey-estimated nutritional indicators were worst during the October 2016-December 2019 drought period; the drought also saw peaks in insecurity and steep vaccination declines. Candidate models had moderate performance, with random forests slightly outperforming generalised linear models. The most promising performance was observed for global acute malnutrition prevalence. The study did not identify a model that could very accurately predict malnutrition burden, but analyses relying on larger datasets with a wider range of predictors and encompassing multiple drought periods may yield sufficient performance and are warranted given the potential utility and efficiency of predictive models in lieu of assumptions or expensive and untimely ground data collection. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Checchi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Checchi, Francesco AU - Checchi F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9030-5382 AD - Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology and International Health, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom. FAU - AbuKoura, Rahaf AU - AbuKoura R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1956-2551 AD - Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology and International Health, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Kadiyala, Suneetha AU - Kadiyala S AD - Department of Population Health, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Nyawo, Mara AU - Nyawo M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8011-9914 AD - United Nations Children's Fund, East and Southern Africa Regional Office, Nairobi, Kenya. FAU - Maina, Lucy AU - Maina L AD - United Nations Children's Fund, Kenya Country Office, Nairobi, Kenya. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260410 PL - United States TA - PLOS Glob Public Health JT - PLOS global public health JID - 9918283779606676 PMC - PMC13068232 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/04/10 18:32 MHDA- 2026/04/10 18:33 PMCR- 2026/04/10 CRDT- 2026/04/10 13:33 PHST- 2025/03/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/10 18:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/10 18:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/10 13:33 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PGPH-D-25-00663 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pgph.0004485 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLOS Glob Public Health. 2026 Apr 10;6(4):e0004485. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0004485. eCollection 2026. PMID- 41961463 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260916 LR - 20260919 IS - 2731-5541 (Electronic) IS - 2731-5533 (Print) IS - 2731-5533 (Linking) VI - 47 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Implementation and Feasibility of a Co-designed Intervention to Promote Healthy Eating: Designed by Children for Children. PG - 921-937 LID - 10.1007/s10935-026-00913-x [doi] AB - The development of healthy dietary behaviours during childhood is crucial for long-term health, and schools represent a key setting for health promotion. Actively involving children in health-related projects offers a meaningful opportunity to encourage and reinforce healthy behaviours. Therefore, this formative pilot study primarily aimed to explore the feasibility, acceptability, and engagement potential of a participatory, school-based dietary intervention involving preadolescent students. During the 2023/24 school year, a participatory research project including a formative pilot study was conducted at a school in Bremen, Germany, aiming to involve children in the co-design, implementation, and formal evaluation of a school-based dietary intervention. Sixth-grade students (11-12 years old) collaborated with researchers over several months to design an intervention for their 5th -grade peers (10-12 years old). The intervention included the free distribution of self-prepared healthy snacks and the display of educational posters. Implementation experiences and participant responses were explored using a child-friendly food neophobia questionnaire, measuring children's reluctance to try unfamiliar foods, alongside narrative methods. Participation in this pilot study was perceived as highly positive by 6th -grade students, who showed increased confidence, self-esteem, and interest as well as skills in nutrition and cooking/baking. The collaborative process fostered strong relationships between students and researchers and supported sutdents' sense of empowerment. Although 5th -grade students generally enjoyed the free snacks, their food neophobia scores showed no significant change, consistent with the formative nature of the study. Overall, the findings highlight the feasibility and acceptability of participatory approaches to school-based nutrition interventions and underscore their potential to promote engagement and empowerment among children. Our results provide valuable insights into participatory development and implementation processes to inform future school-based health promotion efforts. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Klink, Urte AU - Klink U AD - Department for Health Services Research, Institute for Public Health and Nursing Research, University Bremen, Universitaetsallee 1c, D-28359, Bremen, Germany. FAU - Jilani, Hannah AU - Jilani H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5799-8383 AD - Department for Health Services Research, Institute for Public Health and Nursing Research, University Bremen, Universitaetsallee 1c, D-28359, Bremen, Germany. jilani@uni-bremen.de. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260410 PL - Switzerland TA - J Prev (2022) JT - Journal of prevention (2022) JID - 9918351283506676 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - *Health Promotion/methods MH - Male MH - Pilot Projects MH - *Diet, Healthy MH - Female MH - Feasibility Studies MH - Germany MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Schools MH - School Health Services PMC - PMC13582117 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent OT - Child OT - Community-based participatory research OT - Diet OT - Empowerment OT - Health behaviour COIS- Declarations. Conflict of Interest: None declared. Ethical Approval: The institutional review board of the University of Bremen gave ethical approval. Parents or legal guardians provided informed consent for children; children provided assent. Parent consent forms were provided in class for children to give to their parents or legal guardians. EDAT- 2026/04/10 13:00 MHDA- 2026/09/16 17:36 PMCR- 2026/04/10 CRDT- 2026/04/10 11:19 PHST- 2025/05/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/16 17:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/10 13:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/10 11:19 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s10935-026-00913-x [pii] AID - 913 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s10935-026-00913-x [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Prev (2022). 2026 Oct;47(5):921-937. doi: 10.1007/s10935-026-00913-x. Epub 2026 Apr 10. PMID- 41961213 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260628 LR - 20260921 IS - 1473-4230 (Electronic) IS - 1473-4222 (Print) IS - 1473-4222 (Linking) VI - 25 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Apr 10 TI - Sleep During NICU Care Is Associated With Proportional Cerebellar Size at Term-Equivalent Age in Extrem Infantsmely Preter. LID - 10.1007/s12311-026-01988-2 [doi] LID - 49 AB - BACKGROUND: Infants born extremely preterm (< 28 weeks' gestation) are born during a phase of rapid cerebellar growth, when disturbances in brain maturation are common and reduced cerebellar size has been linked to unfavorable neurodevelopment. During late gestation, sleep is the dominant brain state and provides structured endogenous activity supporting circuit formation. In the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), sleep may become fragmented at a developmental stage when the cerebellum is particularly vulnerable. We hypothesized that sleep quantity during late NICU care is associated with proportional cerebellar size at term-equivalent age (TEA). METHODS: In a retrospective cohort of extremely preterm infants, continuous cardiorespiratory signals recorded at approximately 29-32 weeks postmenstrual age were analyzed using a validated algorithm to quantify sleep-wake states. All infants underwent 3 T MRI at TEA. The primary outcome was cerebellum-to-total brain volume ratio. Associations were tested using multivariable linear regression adjusted for age at MRI, birthweight, duration of mechanical ventilation, and sex. RESULTS: Seventy-one infants contributed multi-day sleep recordings and TEA MRI. Higher total sleep percentage during late NICU monitoring was associated with a larger cerebellum-to-total brain volume ratio at TEA after adjustment for clinical covariates (p = 0.011). Sleep-state composition was not associated with absolute cerebellar volume, which was primarily related to clinical factors. CONCLUSIONS: Greater total sleep during late NICU care is associated with proportionally larger cerebellar size at term-equivalent age. Further studies are needed to determine whether sleep represents a modifiable factor influencing cerebellar development or a marker of overall physiological stability. FAU - Brouwer, J M AU - Brouwer JM AD - Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, 1098 XH, The Netherlands. AD - Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Lundlaan 6, Utrecht, 3584 EA, The Netherlands. FAU - Bakker, A M AU - Bakker AM AD - Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Lundlaan 6, Utrecht, 3584 EA, The Netherlands. AD - Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, Groningen, 9713 AV, The Netherlands. FAU - de Groot, E AU - de Groot E AD - Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Lundlaan 6, Utrecht, 3584 EA, The Netherlands. FAU - Tataranno, M L AU - Tataranno ML AD - Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Lundlaan 6, Utrecht, 3584 EA, The Netherlands. FAU - Benders, M AU - Benders M AD - Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Lundlaan 6, Utrecht, 3584 EA, The Netherlands. FAU - Dudink, J AU - Dudink J AD - Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Lundlaan 6, Utrecht, 3584 EA, The Netherlands. j.dudink@umcutrecht.nl. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260410 PL - United States TA - Cerebellum JT - Cerebellum (London, England) JID - 101089443 SB - IM EIN - Cerebellum. 2026 Apr 30;25(3):65. doi: 10.1007/s12311-026-02010-5. PMID: 42056574 MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Cerebellum/diagnostic imaging/growth & development MH - *Intensive Care Units, Neonatal MH - *Sleep/physiology MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Magnetic Resonance Imaging MH - *Infant, Extremely Premature/physiology MH - Gestational Age MH - Organ Size PMC - PMC13068692 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cerebellum development OT - Neurodevelopmental disorders OT - Premature OT - Sleep COIS- Declarations. Ethical approval: Approval for the study was granted by the Medical Research Ethics Committee (MREC) of the University Medical Centre Utrecht (no. 21‑066‑C). As term‑equivalent age MRI and continuous physiological monitoring are standard components of routine NICU practice, the MREC waived the requirement for written parental consent. Informed consent: Because all procedures were part of routine clinical care and no additional interventions were performed, the need for written parental consent was waived by the MREC. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Data privacy and confidentiality: To ensure data privacy, all collected information was pseudonymized prior to analysis and handled in accordance with institutional and national data‑protection regulations. EDAT- 2026/04/10 13:01 MHDA- 2026/06/28 06:36 PMCR- 2026/04/10 CRDT- 2026/04/10 11:07 PHST- 2026/01/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/28 06:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/10 13:01 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/10 11:07 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s12311-026-01988-2 [pii] AID - 1988 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s12311-026-01988-2 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cerebellum. 2026 Apr 10;25(2):49. doi: 10.1007/s12311-026-01988-2. PMID- 41960961 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260413 IS - 2737-5935 (Electronic) IS - 0037-5675 (Linking) DP - 2026 Apr 10 TI - Consensus statements on Singapore guidelines for feeding and eating in infants and young children. LID - 10.4103/singaporemedj.SMJ-2025-166 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Optimal nutrition during the first 1000 days of a child's life is crucial for healthy growth and development. Caregiver feeding practices can significantly affect what foods are offered, which foods are preferred and how healthy eating patterns are established, highlighting the need for clear guidance and recommendations. Currently, there are no national guidelines focused on the transition from being fed at birth to independent eating by 2 years old. This study aimed to develop concise, evidence-based recommendations to support healthy eating behaviours in children aged 0-2 years. METHODOLOGY: A systematic literature search was conducted on PubMed, Cumulated Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature and Excerpta Medica Database to identify relevant articles. The GRADE-ADOLOPMENT methodology was employed to adopt, adapt or develop evidence-based recommendations for feeding and eating practices in infants and young children. This includes using the Evidence-to-Decision framework to ensure recommendations considered the balance of benefits and harms, feasibility and cultural appropriateness. A multidisciplinary panel of domain experts reviewed and refined the recommendations, with consensus defined as >/=70% agreement. A total of 64 articles were reviewed, comprising eight observational cohort studies, 25 randomised controlled trials and 31 systematic reviews (including four meta-analyses). The included studies examined key aspects of complementary feeding: 20 focused on timing, 30 on types of food, 13 on self-regulation and one on the feeding environment. RESULTS: Seven consensus statements were developed based on the evidence and organised into four main domains: Variety, Autonomy, Setting and Timing. All statements achieved unanimous agreement among domain experts. CONCLUSION: These guidelines provide clear, evidence-based recommendations for practical nutrition strategies during early childhood. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Singapore Medical Journal. FAU - Chan, Daniel AU - Chan D AD - Endocrinology Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore. AD - Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore. AD - Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. FAU - Ong, Chengsi AU - Ong C AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore. FAU - Loy, See Ling AU - Loy SL AD - Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore. AD - Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore. FAU - Ku, Chee Wai AU - Ku CW AD - Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore. AD - Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore. FAU - Lin, Jiaying AU - Lin J AD - Department of Paediatric Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore. FAU - Loo, Benny Kai Guo AU - Loo BKG AD - Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore. AD - Sport and Exercise Medicine Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore. FAU - Tan, Yu Bin AU - Tan YB AD - Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore. FAU - Tan, Nichole AU - Tan N AD - Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore. FAU - Ravichandran, Divyapoorani AU - Ravichandran D AD - Department of Paediatric Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore. FAU - Tan, Marie AU - Tan M AD - Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Quah, Phaik Ling AU - Quah PL AD - Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore. AD - Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore. FAU - Lim, Charissa AU - Lim C AD - Health Promotion Board, Singapore. FAU - Pandi, Mythili AU - Pandi M AD - Association for Breastfeeding Advocacy, Singapore. FAU - Leo, Wei Zhi AU - Leo WZ AD - Speech Language Therapy Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore. FAU - Ooi, Pei Ling AU - Ooi PL AD - College of Paediatrics and Child Health, Academy of Medicine, Singapore. FAU - Low, Kah Tzay AU - Low KT AD - College of Paediatrics and Child Health, Academy of Medicine, Singapore. FAU - Han, Wee Meng AU - Han WM AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore. FAU - Chong, Mary Foong-Fong AU - Chong MF AD - Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Chiou, Fang Kuan AU - Chiou FK AD - Gastroenterology, Hepatology Nutrition Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore. FAU - Chang, Alvin Shang Ming AU - Chang ASM AD - Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore. AD - Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. AD - Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore. AD - Department of Neonatology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore. AD - Quality, Safety and Risk Management, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore. FAU - Aw, Marion Margaret AU - Aw MM AD - Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore. AD - Division of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Nutrition, Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, National University Health System, Singapore. FAU - Rajadurai, Victor Samuel AU - Rajadurai VS AD - Department of Neonatology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore. FAU - Tan, Kok Hian AU - Tan KH AD - Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore. AD - Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore. FAU - Yap, Fabian AU - Yap F AD - Endocrinology Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore. AD - Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore. AD - Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. FAU - Chua, Mei Chien AU - Chua MC AD - Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore. AD - Department of Neonatology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260410 PL - India TA - Singapore Med J JT - Singapore medical journal JID - 0404516 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Complementary feeding OT - infants OT - paediatric OT - paediatric food-based dietary guidelines OT - weaning OT - young children EDAT- 2026/04/10 12:59 MHDA- 2026/04/10 12:59 CRDT- 2026/04/10 09:33 PHST- 2025/07/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/11/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/10 12:59 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/10 12:59 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/10 09:33 [entrez] AID - 00077293-990000000-00258 [pii] AID - 10.4103/singaporemedj.SMJ-2025-166 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Singapore Med J. 2026 Apr 10. doi: 10.4103/singaporemedj.SMJ-2025-166. PMID- 41960805 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261001 LR - 20261003 IS - 1879-3479 (Electronic) IS - 0020-7292 (Print) IS - 0020-7292 (Linking) VI - 175 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Influence of maternal body mass index on the accuracy of clinical and sonographic fetal weight estimation. PG - 263-272 LID - 10.1002/ijgo.71012 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Estimated fetal weight (EFW) is essential for managing pregnancy and delivery. Currently, two primary methods are used for EFW: Clinical and sonographic estimation. Both might be influenced by maternal habitus. Obesity has become a global epidemic; however, its effect on EFW and the accuracy of the two methods has yet to be determined. The aim of the present study was to describe the accuracy of clinical EFW (cEFW) and sonographic EFW (sEFW) as a function of maternal body mass index (BMI, calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters) by comparing them to actual birth weight. METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study at a single tertiary center (2014-2020), including term (37-42 weeks) singleton deliveries with documented BMI, cEFW, and sEFW performed within 10 days of delivery, and known birth weight. At our institution, cEFW is routinely performed at admission by trained obstetricians as part of a standardized Leopold-based assessment. Participants were stratified into BMI groups: <25, 25-29.9, 30-34.9, and >/=35. The primary outcome was estimation accuracy across BMI strata, expressed as absolute error (in grams [g]) and as deviations greater than 10% and 20%. Secondary outcomes included diagnostic performance for large-for-gestational-age (LGA) neonates, assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and the area under the curve (AUC). Multivariable logistic regression identified factors associated with an error rate exceeding 20%. RESULTS: Among 19 397 deliveries, 2182 women qualified for analysis. Participants were distributed across BMI groups as follows: <25 (n = 408), 25-29.9 (n = 809), 30-34.9 (n = 634), and >/=35 (n = 331). Mean birth weight rose progressively with BMI, from 3045 +/- 519 g in the lowest BMI group to 3557 +/- 453 g in the >/=35 group (P < 0.01). Across BMI >/=25, cEFW showed larger absolute error than sEFW: BMI 25-29.9 (222 +/- 184 vs. 202 +/- 156 g), 30-34.9 (238 +/- 187 vs. 204 +/- 154 g), and >/=35 (254 +/- 207 vs. 211 +/- 161 g) (all P < 0.01). Rates of sEFW deviation >20% were low and stable across BMI (0.6%-1.7%; P = 0.42), whereas cEFW >20% increased with BMI (2.0%-6.0%; P < 0.01). In adjusted models, cEFW had higher odds of >20% error that escalated with BMI (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.34, 5.87, 9.17 for BMI 25-29.9, 30-34.9, >/=35; all P < 0.01). In adjusted models, maternal BMI was not associated with >20% error in sEFW. For LGA detection, sEFW outperformed cEFW across strata, with the most significant gap at BMI >/=35 (AUC 0.873 vs. 0.791). CONCLUSION: Maternal obesity significantly reduces the accuracy of clinical EFW, whereas sonographic EFW maintains stable performance across BMI strata. Sonographic assessment should therefore be prioritized for fetal weight estimation in women with elevated BMI, particularly in the late third trimester, when weight-based delivery decisions are made. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics. FAU - Krencel, Amir AU - Krencel A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-7038-6150 AD - Helen Schneider Hospital for Women, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel. AD - Gray Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. FAU - Narkis, Bar AU - Narkis B AD - Helen Schneider Hospital for Women, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel. AD - Gray Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. FAU - Yedidia Moser, Rotem AU - Yedidia Moser R AD - Helen Schneider Hospital for Women, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel. AD - Gray Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. FAU - Bercovich, Or AU - Bercovich O AD - Helen Schneider Hospital for Women, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel. AD - Gray Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. FAU - Hendin, Natav AU - Hendin N AD - Helen Schneider Hospital for Women, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel. AD - Gray Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. FAU - Romano, Asaf AU - Romano A AD - Helen Schneider Hospital for Women, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel. AD - Gray Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. FAU - Hadar, Eran AU - Hadar E AD - Helen Schneider Hospital for Women, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel. AD - Gray Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. FAU - Gilboa, Yinon AU - Gilboa Y AD - Helen Schneider Hospital for Women, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel. AD - Gray Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. FAU - Houri, Ohad AU - Houri O AD - Helen Schneider Hospital for Women, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel. AD - Gray Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. AD - BCNatal-Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clinic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260410 PL - United States TA - Int J Gynaecol Obstet JT - International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics JID - 0210174 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *Body Mass Index MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Fetal Weight MH - *Ultrasonography, Prenatal/methods MH - Adult MH - Birth Weight MH - Obesity/complications MH - ROC Curve MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Gestational Age PMC - PMC13629592 OTO - NOTNLM OT - body mass index OT - fetal weight estimation OT - large-for-gestational-age OT - obesity COIS- The authors report no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/10 13:00 MHDA- 2026/10/02 03:09 PMCR- 2026/10/01 CRDT- 2026/04/10 08:03 PHST- 2026/03/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/02 03:09 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/10 13:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/10 08:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - IJGO71012 [pii] AID - 10.1002/ijgo.71012 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2026 Oct;175(1):263-272. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.71012. Epub 2026 Apr 10. PMID- 41959702 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260410 LR - 20260813 IS - 2215-0161 (Print) IS - 2215-0161 (Electronic) IS - 2215-0161 (Linking) VI - 16 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Effectiveness of a structured physiotherapy intervention on psychomotor and quality of life in children with autism spectrum disorder: A randomised controlled trial protocol. PG - 103873 LID - 10.1016/j.mex.2026.103873 [doi] LID - 103873 AB - Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) frequently experience psychomotor impairments, limited participation in physical activities, and reduced quality of life (QoL). Exercise shows promising benefits, but physiotherapy approaches in ASD are underreported, with limited evidence supporting a structured framework that systematically targets motor and functional outcomes. This study protocol describes a single-blinded randomised controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness of a structured physiotherapy intervention on motor skills, physical activity levels, and behavioural and QoL among children with mild to moderate ASD. This trial will include 64 children aged 6-10 years with ASD. Participants will be randomly assigned to an intervention group or a control group. Both groups will receive usual care therapy, equated between groups. The intervention group will also receive structured physiotherapy twice weekly for 12 weeks, each session lasting 60 min. The intervention integrates coordination, balance, strength, and endurance training. Outcome assessments will be conducted at baseline and post-intervention using validated instruments: GARS-3, BOT-2, GLTEQ, CBCL and PedsQL. Data analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle and will examine between-group and within-group changes across all outcome measures. Qualitative data will be analysed using thematic analysis to characterise themes reflecting participants' engagement and parents' and caregivers' perspectives on the intervention. CI - (c) 2026 The Authors. FAU - Alwi, Nazurah AU - Alwi N AD - Physiotherapy Programme, Centre for Rehabilitation and Special Needs Studies, Faculty of Health Science, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. FAU - Zanudin, Asfarina AU - Zanudin A AD - Physiotherapy Programme, Centre for Rehabilitation and Special Needs Studies, Faculty of Health Science, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. FAU - Ahmad, Mahadir AU - Ahmad M AD - Clinical Psychology Programme, Centre for Community Health Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. FAU - Mohamad, Nor Azizah AU - Mohamad NA AD - Physiotherapy Unit, Department of Rehabilitation, UKM Specialist Children's Hospital, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260318 PL - Netherlands TA - MethodsX JT - MethodsX JID - 101639829 PMC - PMC13059026 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Autism spectrum disorder OT - Motor-based intervention OT - Physiotherapy OT - Psychomotor OT - Quality of life COIS- The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/04/10 06:32 MHDA- 2026/04/10 06:33 PMCR- 2026/03/18 CRDT- 2026/04/10 05:36 PHST- 2025/11/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/10 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/10 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/10 05:36 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2215-0161(26)00091-9 [pii] AID - 103873 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.mex.2026.103873 [doi] PST - epublish SO - MethodsX. 2026 Mar 18;16:103873. doi: 10.1016/j.mex.2026.103873. eCollection 2026 Jun. PMID- 41957688 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20261016 IS - 1475-2727 (Electronic) IS - 1368-9800 (Print) IS - 1368-9800 (Linking) VI - 29 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 10 TI - Association between dietary self-perception and sugar-sweetened beverage consumption among young adult Latinas. PG - e102 LID - 10.1017/S1368980026102523 [doi] LID - e102 AB - OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between self-perceived overall dietary healthfulness and self-reported sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption among young adult Latinas, accounting for socio-economic and acculturation-related factors. DESIGN: Cross-sectional analysis using survey data. SSB intake was assessed using the BEVQ-15, and dietary self-perception was measured via a two-item scale. Multiple linear regression models examined associations between self-perception and total daily SSB intake, adjusting for income, education and two validated acculturation indicators. SETTING: Participants were recruited from a national online panel across the USA. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 881 Latina women aged 18-29 years participated. After removing cases with invalid outcome responses and outliers, 840 and 829 were included in descriptive and regression analyses. RESULTS: Better dietary self-perception was significantly associated with greater total SSB intake in both unadjusted (B = 1.74, P = 0.048) and fully adjusted models (B = 2.10, P = 0.017). Lower income (B = -0.64, P = 0.031) and lower education (B = -0.77, P = 0.026) were also associated with higher intake. Acculturation variables were NS. Subcategory models showed positive associations between self-perception and sweet tea (B = 0.99, P < 0.001) and black coffee/tea with sugar (B = 0.51, P < 0.01) and a marginal inverse association with soft drinks (B = -0.47, P = 0.060). CONCLUSIONS: Young Latinas who perceive their diets as healthy may consume more added sugar from beverages than recommended. Public health efforts should address this perception gap and emphasise culturally relevant messaging about hidden sugars in commonly consumed drinks. FAU - Zhou, Mi AU - Zhou M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8822-4188 AD - Department of Nutrition, Food Science, and Packaging, https://ror.org/04qyvz380San Jose State University, USA. FAU - Ramirez, A Susana AU - Ramirez AS AD - Department of Public Health, University of California Merced, USA. FAU - Xu, Xinyu AU - Xu X AD - Department of Nutrition, Food Science, and Packaging, https://ror.org/04qyvz380San Jose State University, USA. FAU - Bergman, Jacqueline AU - Bergman J AD - Department of Nutrition, Food Science, and Packaging, https://ror.org/04qyvz380San Jose State University, USA. LA - eng GR - P30 DK092924/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - R01DK116852/NH/NIH HHS/United States GR - P30DK092924/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - K01CA190659/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260410 PL - England TA - Public Health Nutr JT - Public health nutrition JID - 9808463 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Young Adult MH - Acculturation MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Diet/ethnology/psychology MH - Feeding Behavior/ethnology/psychology MH - *Hispanic or Latino/psychology/statistics & numerical data MH - *Self Concept MH - Socioeconomic Factors MH - *Sugar-Sweetened Beverages/statistics & numerical data MH - United States PMC - PMC13434627 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Acculturation OT - Beverage consumption OT - Dietary behaviours OT - Dietary self-perception OT - Latinas OT - Sugar-sweetened beverages COIS- There are no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/10 06:33 MHDA- 2026/05/07 06:38 PMCR- 2026/04/10 CRDT- 2026/04/10 00:02 PHST- 2026/05/07 06:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/10 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/10 00:02 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1368980026102523 [pii] AID - 10.1017/S1368980026102523 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Public Health Nutr. 2026 Apr 10;29(1):e102. doi: 10.1017/S1368980026102523. PMID- 41957451 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260813 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 9 TI - The role of habit strength in the theory of planned behavior for fruit and vegetable intake among women in Saudi Arabia. LID - 10.1038/s41598-026-47394-w [doi] LID - 16763 AB - Low fruit and vegetable (F&V) consumption is prevalent among Saudi women, despite global health recommendations. To identify the psychological determinants of F&V intake using the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and to examine the moderating role of habit. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 467 adult Saudi women. The questionnaire measured TPB constructs-attitude, subjective norm (SN), perceived behavioral control (PBC), intention, and behavior-alongside habit strength using a validated self-report habit index. Structural equation modeling (SEM) tested the TPB model, and multi-group analysis examined differences across low, medium, and high habit levels. Only 22.3% of women met the WHO recommendation of >/= 5 F&V servings daily, with significant variation by habit level (10.2% low-habit vs. 30.5% high-habit; p < 0.001). The high habit group showed significantly better knowledge of WHO recommendations (p = 0.013), healthier dietary perceptions (p < 0.001), and more frequent purchasing and preparation of F&V (p < 0.001). Physical activity also increased with habit strength (p < 0.001). Compared to the low-habit group, women in the high-habit group reported higher scores for all the TPB constructs (p < 0.001). SEM results indicated that the TPB model explained 31% of the variance in behavior and 75% in intention. In the overall sample, both intention (beta = 0.32, p = 0.005) and PBC (beta = 0.26, p = 0.032) predicted F&V intake. PBC was the strongest predictor of intention (beta = 0.66, p < 0.001), followed by SN and attitude. Across habit levels, PBC consistently predicted intention; attitude was significant in the low-habit group, and SN in the high-habit group. Perceived control strongly influences both intention and behavior, but habit moderates these relationships. Interventions should enhance self-efficacy and establish regular F&V consumption among Saudi women. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Alshaalan, Rasha AU - Alshaalan R AD - Department of Health Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, 11671, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alhassani, Walaa Essam AU - Alhassani WE AD - Clinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O. Box 715, 21955, Makkah, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alasmari, Sarah A AU - Alasmari SA AD - Public Health Department, College of Health Sciences, Saudi Electronic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Allily, Rowida Khader AU - Allily RK AD - Food and Nutrition Department, Human Sciences and Design Faculty, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 22258, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alharbi, Nouf Abdullah AU - Alharbi NA AD - Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, P.O. Box 6666, 51452, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Wazzan, Huda AU - Wazzan H AD - Food and Nutrition Department, Human Sciences and Design Faculty, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 22258, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Jalloun, Rola Adnan AU - Jalloun RA AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Universities Road, P.O. Box 344, Medina, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Jan, Majd AU - Jan M AD - Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Hanbazaza, Mahitab A AU - Hanbazaza MA AD - Food and Nutrition Department, Human Sciences and Design Faculty, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 22258, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Benajiba, Nada AU - Benajiba N AD - Joint Research Unit in Nutrition and Food, RDC-Nutrition AFRA/IAEA, Ibn Tofail University-CNESTEN, 14000, Rabat, Kenitra, Morocco. benajibanada@gmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260409 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Saudi Arabia MH - Theory of Planned Behavior MH - *Vegetables MH - Adult MH - *Fruit MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - Young Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Habits MH - Health Behavior MH - Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13223323 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Dietary behavior OT - Fruit and vegetable consumption OT - Habit OT - Saudi women OT - Theory of planned behavior COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Ethical statement: The IRB approval was obtained from the IRB committee at the University before collecting the data from the participants through the online questionnaire. Consent to participate: Every human participant has provided his/her consent to participate in the study. EDAT- 2026/04/10 00:33 MHDA- 2026/06/01 00:33 PMCR- 2026/04/09 CRDT- 2026/04/09 23:38 PHST- 2025/11/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/01 00:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/10 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/09 23:38 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-47394-w [pii] AID - 47394 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-47394-w [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2026 Apr 9;16(1):16763. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-47394-w. PMID- 41957445 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260628 LR - 20260813 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 9 TI - Explainable hybrid machine learning model for predicting stunting and identifying key risk factors among Ethiopian children under five. LID - 10.1038/s41598-026-46417-w [doi] LID - 16204 AB - Childhood stunting, caused by poor nutrition, infections, and inadequate stimulation, impairs growth and development. This leads to reduced cognitive function and academic performance, increased risk of illness and death due to weakened immunity, lower economic productivity, and higher susceptibility to chronic diseases in adulthood. Childhood stunting is a major issue in low-income countries like Ethiopia. Children's stunting prevalence in Ethiopia is 35.4%, highlighting the need for interventions. The World Health Organization (WHO) classifies stunting as normal, moderate, and severe. The study aims to develop an advanced explainable hybrid predictive model by combining two top-performing algorithms, Extra Tree (ensemble learning) and Multilayer Perceptron (deep learning), to leverage their complementary strengths. This approach enhances accuracy and reveals the inner workings of AI decision-making. The central goal of this study is to move beyond black box models by using post-hoc explainability methods like Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations. This is intended to reveal the inner workings of the artificial intelligence decision-making and identify the key risk factors associated with stunting to build trust for public health policy design. In this study, data from the 2019 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey dataset were used for the experiment. The data was preprocessed to ensure high quality for analysis and to build a model predicting childhood stunting. This study employed an experimental research methodology to conduct five experiments, involving 11,121 instances and 17 features. While we developed the model using a balanced dataset, we evaluated it on the original dataset to avoid inflating performance metrics. The experiments showed that the hybrid model constructed from Extra Tree and Multilayer Perceptron performed better than others, achieving an accuracy of 94%. The hybrid model identified age_of_child, Region, Birth_Interval, and number of children under five in the household as the most influential predictors of stunting status in this dataset. It is essential to note that these are predictive risk factors, representing strong statistical associations within the cross-sectional data, and should not be interpreted as definitive causal drivers of stunting. FAU - Wudu, Tadele Kassahun AU - Wudu TK AD - Statistics, Debark University, Debark, Ethiopia. nabutane2017@gmail.com. FAU - Endalew, Abraham Alamirew AU - Endalew AA AD - Computer Science, Debark University, Debark, Ethiopia. FAU - Dires, Aster Addisu AU - Dires AA AD - Statistics, Debark University, Debark, Ethiopia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260409 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 SB - IM MH - Ethiopia/epidemiology MH - Risk Factors MH - *Growth Disorders/epidemiology/diagnosis/etiology MH - Humans MH - Predictive Learning Models MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Machine Learning MH - Female MH - Prediction Algorithms MH - Infant MH - Algorithms PMC - PMC13201621 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Childhood stunting OT - Hybrid OT - Risk factor of stunting OT - Stunting COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Ethics declaration: Not applicable because of we have used public available data by requesting to use the data. EDAT- 2026/04/10 00:34 MHDA- 2026/06/28 13:05 PMCR- 2026/04/09 CRDT- 2026/04/09 23:38 PHST- 2025/10/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/28 13:05 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/10 00:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/09 23:38 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-46417-w [pii] AID - 46417 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-46417-w [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2026 Apr 9;16(1):16204. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-46417-w. PMID- 41956708 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260921 IS - 2056-5933 (Electronic) IS - 2056-5933 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Apr 9 TI - Birth length and perinatal exposures and rheumatoid arthritis risk in the E3N cohort. LID - 10.1136/rmdopen-2025-006415 [doi] LID - e006415 AB - OBJECTIVE: To examine associations between participants' perinatal factors, including harmonised birth weight and length, prematurity, exposure to maternal smoking during pregnancy and breastfeeding during infancy, and incident rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in a large prospective cohort of French women. METHODS: The Etude Epidemiologique aupres des femmes de la Mutuelle generale de l'Education Nationale (E3N) cohort enrolled 98 995 women in 1990. Perinatal data were collected in 2002. Birth weight and length were reported continuously and/or categorically and harmonised according to term status. RA cases were validated using a specific questionnaire. Adjusted HRs (aHRs) and 95% CIs were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models informed by a directed acyclic graph. RESULTS: Among 78 473 women, 698 incident RA cases were identified. No evidence of an association was observed between perinatal factors and RA risk in the overall population. Point estimates for large birth length (aHR 1.32, 95% CI 0.97 to 1.78) and preterm birth (aHR 1.34, 95% CI 0.92 to 1.94) were above 1, but CIs included the null value of 1.In sensitivity analyses restricted to women with continuous birth data, a signal for large birth length was observed (aHR 1.98, 95% CI 1.23 to 3.19), whereas no such signal was detected when using categorised self-reported measures. CONCLUSIONS: In this large prospective cohort, most perinatal factors were not associated with RA risk in adulthood. A signal related to larger birth length emerged only in selected analyses based on more precise exposure assessment and should be interpreted cautiously. These findings are hypothesis-generating and warrant replication in independent cohorts using prospectively measured perinatal data. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT03285230. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ Group. FAU - Dusser, Perrine AU - Dusser P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8118-0848 AD - Universite Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Universite Paris-Sud, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), 'Exposome and Heredity' Team, Institut pour la Sante et la Recherche Medicale (INSERM), Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France. AD - Pediatric Rheumatology Department, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hopitaux universitaires Paris-Sud - Hopital Bicetre, Le Kremlin-Bicetr, Paris, France. FAU - Nguyen, Yann AU - Nguyen Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0866-3824 AD - Department of Internal Medicine, AP-HP-Hopital Beaujon, Paris University, Clichy, France. AD - Centre de recherche en immunologie des maladies, INSERM U1184, Universite Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France. FAU - Perrin, Claire AU - Perrin C AD - Universite Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Universite Paris-Sud, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), 'Exposome and Heredity' Team, Institut pour la Sante et la Recherche Medicale (INSERM), Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France. FAU - Frenoy, Pauline AU - Frenoy P AD - Universite Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Universite Paris-Sud, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), 'Exposome and Heredity' Team, Institut pour la Sante et la Recherche Medicale (INSERM), Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France. FAU - Mariette, Xavier AU - Mariette X AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4244-5417 AD - Rheumatology Department, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hopitaux universitaires Paris-Sud - Hopital Bicetre, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, Paris, France. AD - Universite Paris-Saclay, Center of Immunology of Viral Infections and Auto-immune Diseases (IMVA), Institut pour la Sante et la Recherche Medicale (INSERM) U1184, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, Paris, France. FAU - Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine AU - Boutron-Ruault MC AD - Universite Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Universite Paris-Sud, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), 'Exposome and Heredity' Team, Institut pour la Sante et la Recherche Medicale (INSERM), Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France. FAU - Severi, Gianluca AU - Severi G AD - Universite Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Universite Paris-Sud, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), 'Exposome and Heredity' Team, Institut pour la Sante et la Recherche Medicale (INSERM), Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France. AD - Department of Statistics, Computer Science, Applications 'G. Parenti', University of Florence, Florence, Italy. FAU - Salliot, Carine AU - Salliot C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1066-4161 AD - Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire pour l'Innovation et la Recherche en Sante Orleanaise (LI(2)RSO), Universite d'Orleans, Orleans, France. AD - Rheumatology Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Orleans, Universite d'Orleans, Orleans, France. FAU - Seror, Raphaele AU - Seror R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5523-1856 AD - Rheumatology Department, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hopitaux universitaires Paris-Sud - Hopital Bicetre, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, Paris, France raphaele.seror@aphp.fr. AD - Universite Paris-Saclay, Center of Immunology of Viral Infections and Auto-immune Diseases (IMVA), Institut pour la Sante et la Recherche Medicale (INSERM) U1184, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, Paris, France. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT03285230 PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260409 PL - England TA - RMD Open JT - RMD open JID - 101662038 SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Pregnancy MH - *Arthritis, Rheumatoid/epidemiology/etiology MH - *Birth Weight MH - Breast Feeding MH - France/epidemiology MH - Incidence MH - *Maternal Exposure/adverse effects MH - Premature Birth/epidemiology MH - *Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/epidemiology MH - Prospective Studies MH - Risk Factors PMC - PMC13084943 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Autoimmune Diseases OT - Epidemiology OT - Rheumatoid Arthritis COIS- Competing interests: RS received consulting fees from GSK, Bristol Myers Squibb, Boehringer and Janssen; honoraria from GSK, Bristol Myers Squibb, Boehringer, Amgen, Pfizer and Roche; travel fees from Amgen and GSK, outside of the topic of this study. CS received consulting fees from Novartis; honouraria from Pfizer, Galapagos, Fresenius Kabi, Novartis; travel fees from Lilly and Galapagos, outside of the topic of this study. PD received congress fees from SOBI, Novartis, Abbvie, Pfizer and Lilly outside of the topic of this study. The other authors have no conflicts of interest relevant to this article to disclose. EDAT- 2026/04/10 00:33 MHDA- 2026/04/10 00:34 PMCR- 2026/04/09 CRDT- 2026/04/09 21:13 PHST- 2025/10/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/01/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/10 00:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/10 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/09 21:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - rmdopen-2025-006415 [pii] AID - 10.1136/rmdopen-2025-006415 [doi] PST - epublish SO - RMD Open. 2026 Apr 9;12(2):e006415. doi: 10.1136/rmdopen-2025-006415. PMID- 41955738 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260714 IS - 1469-0705 (Electronic) IS - 0960-7692 (Linking) VI - 67 IP - 5 DP - 2026 May TI - Can we define a cut-off for external anal sphincter defect angle? PG - 684-689 LID - 10.1002/uog.70216 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: Obstetric anal sphincter injury is a common complication of childbirth and the primary etiological factor for anal incontinence in young women. On endoanal ultrasound, a significant defect of the external anal sphincter (EAS) has arbitrarily been defined as a gap of greater than 30 degrees in its hyperechogenic ring structure. This study was designed to validate a cut-off value for defining a significant EAS defect on tomographic exoanal imaging. METHODS: This was a retrospective study involving women attending a tertiary urogynecological unit between January 2015 and December 2021. Analysis was limited to premenopausal women to reduce confounders. The assessment included obtaining the St Mark's incontinence score and visual analog scale (VAS) bother score of anal incontinence, and performance of four-dimensional transperineal exoanal ultrasound. Tomographic ultrasound imaging (TUI) was used to evaluate the EAS; offline analysis was performed at a later date, with the assessor blinded against all other clinical data. The primary measure to assess EAS defects was defect angle. Associations between this parameter and anal incontinence, VAS bother score and St Mark's score were estimated using univariable logistic or linear regression models. Receiver-operating-characteristics (ROC)-curve analysis was performed to determine the optimal cut-off value of the EAS defect angle for defining a significant defect. RESULTS: A total of 915 premenopausal women were seen during the study period. Ultrasound volumes of the anal canal were missing in 64 women and one patient was excluded due to muscular dystrophy, leaving 850 women included in the analysis. The mean age was 42 (range, 18-56) years and the mean body mass index was 29 (range, 16-57) kg/m(2) at assessment. Anal incontinence was reported by 133 (16%) women, with a median St Mark's score of 10 (interquartile range, 6-14) and a mean VAS bother score of 6.6 (range, 0-10). On TUI, six slices were scored per patient (total of 5100 assessments). EAS defects were seen in 111 (13%) patients and 368 slices, with an average defect angle of 32 degrees (range, 2-155 degrees ) and a mean maximum defect angle of 67 degrees (range, 14-167 degrees ). Average defect angle showed the strongest correlation with anal incontinence, St Mark's score and VAS bother score (all P < 0.001). ROC-curve analysis suggested a cut-off of 30 degrees for the definition of a significant EAS defect. CONCLUSION: In premenopausal women, EAS defects on TUI were associated significantly with all investigated measures of anal incontinence. Average defect angle was the best predictor of anal incontinence and enabled ROC-curve analysis. The 30 degrees defect angle criterion empirically used for endoanal ultrasound seemed to be valid as a cut-off for the diagnosis of significant anal sphincter defect on exoanal imaging. (c) 2026 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. CI - (c) 2026 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. FAU - Dietz, H P AU - Dietz HP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2211-6149 AD - Sydney Urodynamic Centres, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Shek, K L AU - Shek KL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6836-4474 AD - Liverpool Clinical School, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Descallar, J AU - Descallar J AD - Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW, Australia. AD - South West Sydney Clinical Campuses, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Liverpool, NSW, Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260409 PL - England TA - Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol JT - Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology JID - 9108340 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Anal Canal/diagnostic imaging/injuries MH - Adult MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Fecal Incontinence/etiology/diagnostic imaging MH - Pregnancy MH - *Endosonography/methods MH - ROC Curve MH - Ultrasonography/methods MH - *Delivery, Obstetric/adverse effects MH - Young Adult OTO - NOTNLM OT - birth trauma OT - exoanal ultrasound OT - external anal sphincter OT - obstetric anal sphincter injury OT - sphincter tears EDAT- 2026/04/10 00:33 MHDA- 2026/05/04 00:31 CRDT- 2026/04/09 18:03 PHST- 2025/10/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/07/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/04 00:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/10 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/09 18:03 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/uog.70216 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2026 May;67(5):684-689. doi: 10.1002/uog.70216. Epub 2026 Apr 9. PMID- 41955508 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260909 IS - 2379-3708 (Electronic) IS - 2379-3708 (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 9 DP - 2026 May 8 TI - Plant-based enteral nutrition outperforms ultra-processed formulas in mitigating consequences of antibiotic-induced dysbiosis. LID - 10.1172/jci.insight.199827 [doi] LID - e199827 AB - Malnutrition, gut inflammation, and antibiotic-induced dysbiosis are well-recognized risk factors for poor clinical outcomes among critically ill patients. We previously showed that commercially available plant-based enteral nutrition (PBEN) preserves a commensal microbiome compared with commonly used artificial enteral nutrition (AEN). In this study, PBEN was superior to AEN in promoting recovery from antibiotic-induced dysbiosis in mice and humans. PBEN effectively mitigated anemia and leukopenia, restored naive lymphocyte populations, and reduced bone marrow myeloid expansion. Animals randomized to PBEN also exhibited improved responses to infectious gastrointestinal challenges following antibiotic exposure. A pilot clinical study validated these findings, demonstrating increased gut commensals, reduced pathogens, and improved leukocyte balance in critically ill children receiving PBEN compared with AEN. Together, these results suggest that PBEN offers a practical dietary approach to mitigate antibiotic-associated complications and potentially improve clinical outcomes among hospitalized patients requiring supplemental nutrition. FAU - Chatrizeh, Mona AU - Chatrizeh M AD - Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. AD - UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Tian, Jianmin AU - Tian J AD - Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. AD - UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Rogers, Matthew AU - Rogers M AD - Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. AD - UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Feturi, Firuz AU - Feturi F AD - Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. AD - UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Wu, Guojun AU - Wu G AD - Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. AD - UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Firek, Brian AU - Firek B AD - Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. AD - UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Nikonov, Roman AU - Nikonov R AD - Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. AD - UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Cass, Lauren AU - Cass L AD - Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. AD - UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Sheppeck, Alexandra AU - Sheppeck A AD - Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. AD - UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Ojha, Lavnish AU - Ojha L AD - Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. AD - UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Carroll, Ali AU - Carroll A AD - Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. AD - UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Henkel, Matthew AU - Henkel M AD - UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. AD - Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Azar, Justin AU - Azar J AD - UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. AD - Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Aneja, Rajesh K AU - Aneja RK AD - UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. AD - Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Campfield, Brian AU - Campfield B AD - UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. AD - Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Simon, Dennis AU - Simon D AD - UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. AD - Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. AD - Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Morowitz, Michael J AU - Morowitz MJ AD - Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. AD - UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20260409 PL - United States TA - JCI Insight JT - JCI insight JID - 101676073 RN - 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents) SB - IM UOF - medRxiv. 2025 Mar 20:2025.03.19.25323813. doi: 10.1101/2025.03.19.25323813. PMID: 40166543 MH - Humans MH - Animals MH - *Dysbiosis/chemically induced/therapy MH - *Enteral Nutrition/methods MH - *Anti-Bacterial Agents/adverse effects MH - Mice MH - Gastrointestinal Microbiome/drug effects MH - Female MH - Male MH - Pilot Projects MH - Critical Illness/therapy MH - Diet, Plant-Based MH - Child, Preschool MH - Child PMC - PMC13232488 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Gastroenterology OT - Immunology OT - Microbiome COIS- The authors have declared that no conflict of interest exists. EDAT- 2026/04/09 18:30 MHDA- 2026/05/08 12:38 PMCR- 2026/04/09 CRDT- 2026/04/09 15:33 PHST- 2025/09/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/08 12:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/09 18:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/09 15:33 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 199827 [pii] AID - 10.1172/jci.insight.199827 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JCI Insight. 2026 Apr 9;11(9):e199827. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.199827. eCollection 2026 May 8. PMID- 41955392 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260813 IS - 1464-5491 (Electronic) IS - 0742-3071 (Print) IS - 0742-3071 (Linking) VI - 43 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Evaluation of a novel eating disorder prevention programme (Australian diabetes body project) for young women with type 1 diabetes in a clinic setting: A randomized controlled trial protocol. PG - e70302 LID - 10.1111/dme.70302 [doi] LID - e70302 AB - BACKGROUND: Co-occurrence of eating disorders (ED) and type 1 diabetes (T1D) can lead to deterioration in glycaemic control with reduced quality of life, microvascular complications, diabetic ketoacidosis and premature death. The current trial aims to test the effectiveness of an Australian Diabetes Body Project (ADBP) programme, a cognitive dissonance-based group intervention, on ED risk factors and symptoms, psychometric analysis, quality of life and glycaemia control in young women with T1D. METHODS: Mixed methods, prospective randomized controlled trial (RCT) using an online, six-week group intervention facilitated by a clinician and a peer with T1D. A sample of 80 young women with T1D aged 15 to 30 years will be randomized to the ADBP or active control (educational videos) condition. Participants will complete assessments of body dissatisfaction, eating behaviours, quality of life and diabetes distress, at baseline, post-intervention and at three-month follow-up. Medical record data will be extracted to determine changes in glycaemia outcomes. ADBP participants will be invited to provide feedback on the benefits and acceptability of the intervention. DISCUSSION: The ADBP will be the first clinic-based RCT to examine the effectiveness of a virtual, cognitive dissonance-based intervention for reducing ED risk factors and symptoms in young women with T1D. The results of this project will have immediate implications for clinical practice in Australia and globally, given the increasing prevalence of ED in this high-risk group and limited effective prevention programmes available. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The trial is registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) (Trial ID: ACTRN12624000555550); accessible at (https://anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?ACTRN=12624000555550). CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Diabetic Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Diabetes UK. FAU - D'Silva, Neisha AU - D'Silva N AD - School of Clinical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia. AD - Mater Hospital Brisbane, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. AD - Mater Research, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. AD - Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia. FAU - Gillespie, Kerri M AU - Gillespie KM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8743-0665 AD - School of Clinical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia. AD - Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia. FAU - Hendrieckx, Christel AU - Hendrieckx C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0075-828X AD - Australian Centre for Behavioural Research in Diabetes, North Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Wisting, Line AU - Wisting L AD - Regional Department for Eating Disorders, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. AD - Department of Psychology, Oslo New University College, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Ewais, Tatjana AU - Ewais T AD - Mater Hospital Brisbane, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. AD - Griffith University, Queensland, Australia. FAU - Phillips, Liza AU - Phillips L AD - Mater Hospital Brisbane, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. AD - Mater Research, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. FAU - Denny, Simon AU - Denny S AD - Mater Hospital Brisbane, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. FAU - Bartlett, Selena AU - Bartlett S AD - School of Clinical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia. AD - Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia. FAU - White, Melanie AU - White M AD - School of Psychology and Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia. FAU - Mackay, Hannah AU - Mackay H AD - Mater Hospital Brisbane, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. AD - Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia. FAU - Vitanza, Margaret AU - Vitanza M AD - Mater Hospital Brisbane, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. FAU - Magee, Isabella AU - Magee I AD - Diabetes Australia, Canberra, ACT, Australia. FAU - Griffin, Alison AU - Griffin A AD - QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia. FAU - Jones, Lee AU - Jones L AD - QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia. FAU - Stice, Eric AU - Stice E AD - Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA. LA - eng GR - Mater Foundation/ PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20260409 PL - England TA - Diabet Med JT - Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association JID - 8500858 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/psychology/complications/therapy/epidemiology MH - *Feeding and Eating Disorders/prevention & control/psychology/complications MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - Australia/epidemiology MH - Quality of Life MH - Adult MH - Prospective Studies MH - Body Image/psychology MH - Cognitive Dissonance PMC - PMC13170986 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescent psychiatry OT - body image OT - cognitive dissonance OT - diabetes mellitus OT - eating disorders OT - thinness OT - type 1 diabetes COIS- The authors have no competing interests to declare. EDAT- 2026/04/09 18:31 MHDA- 2026/05/13 18:30 PMCR- 2026/05/13 CRDT- 2026/04/09 14:13 PHST- 2026/01/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/05/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/13 18:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/09 18:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/09 14:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - DME70302 [pii] AID - 10.1111/dme.70302 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Diabet Med. 2026 Jun;43(6):e70302. doi: 10.1111/dme.70302. Epub 2026 Apr 9. PMID- 41954645 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260625 LR - 20260903 IS - 2473-9537 (Electronic) IS - 2473-9529 (Print) IS - 2473-9529 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 13 DP - 2026 Jul 14 TI - Growth and puberty in African children with sickle cell anemia treated with hydroxyurea. PG - 4483-4494 LID - 10.1182/bloodadvances.2025019511 [doi] AB - Children with sickle cell anemia (SCA) have poor growth and pubertal development. REACH (Realizing Effectiveness Across Continents with Hydroxyurea) is a prospective trial evaluating the feasibility, safety, and benefits of hydroxyurea at maximum tolerated dose (MTD) for children with SCA in sub-Saharan Africa. Children aged 1 to 10 years received open-label hydroxyurea with longitudinal follow-up. Height, weight, and pubertal staging were collected over 7 years of treatment. Biomarkers included insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), IGF-binding protein 3, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH). Hydroxyurea commenced at an average (mean +/- 1 standard deviation [SD]) age of 5.9 +/- 2.4 years (range, 1.6-10.2) for girls (n = 296) and 5.4 +/- 2.4 years (range, 1.3-10.1) for boys (n = 310). Using natural history SCA-specific reference curves, the mean weight-for-age z score improved from 0.47 +/- 0.90 at enrollment to 0.69 +/- 1.00 on hydroxyurea treatment. Height increased from 0.26 +/- 0.90 to 0.42 +/- 1.00 on treatment, and body mass index from 0.46 +/- 1.00 to 0.85 +/- 1.20. IGF-I remained low in many participants. Puberty was delayed in 25% to 30% of children, with gradual progress on treatment. AMH was low (<2.5th percentile) in 4% of girls, whereas 52% of boys had low AMH at baseline and 28% at follow-up. Long-term hydroxyurea treatment at MTD is associated with beneficial effects on growth with improved weight and height, and does not negatively affect pubertal developmenty in children with SCA in sub-Saharan Africa. This study was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov initially as NCT01966731 and is now registered as NCT06171217 for long-term follow-up. CI - (c) 2026 American Society of Hematology. Published by Elsevier Inc. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), permitting only noncommercial, nonderivative use with attribution. All other rights reserved. FAU - Backeljauw, Philippe AU - Backeljauw P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2398-9520 AD - Division of Endocrinology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH. AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. FAU - Tomlinson, George AU - Tomlinson G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9328-6399 AD - Insitute of Heath Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada. AD - Department of Medicine, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada. FAU - Smart, Luke R AU - Smart LR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4083-0060 AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. AD - Division of Hematology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH. AD - Global Health Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH. FAU - Tshilolo, Leon AU - Tshilolo L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6318-0227 AD - Centre Hospitalier Monkole, Institut de Recherche Biomedicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo. FAU - Williams, Thomas N AU - Williams TN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4456-2382 AD - KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya. AD - Institute of Global Health Innovation, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Santos, Brigida AU - Santos B AD - Hospital Pediatrico David Bernardino, Luanda, Angola. FAU - Olupot-Olupot, Peter AU - Olupot-Olupot P AD - Mbale Clinical Research Institute, Mbale, Uganda. AD - Mbale Regional Referral and Teaching Hospital, Busitema University, Mbale, Uganda. FAU - Stuber, Susan AU - Stuber S AD - Division of Hematology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH. AD - Global Health Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH. FAU - Lane, Adam AU - Lane A AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. AD - Division of Hematology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH. FAU - Latham, Teresa AU - Latham T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4473-5821 AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. AD - Division of Hematology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH. AD - Global Health Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH. FAU - Ware, Russell E AU - Ware RE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9582-0594 AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. AD - Division of Hematology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH. AD - Global Health Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT01966731 SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT06171217 GR - U01 HL133883/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - K23-HL153763/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - 202800 AND 091758/WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom PT - Clinical Trial PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Blood Adv JT - Blood advances JID - 101698425 RN - X6Q56QN5QC (Hydroxyurea) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 67763-96-6 (Insulin-Like Growth Factor I) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Hydroxyurea/therapeutic use/pharmacology/adverse effects/administration & dosage MH - *Anemia, Sickle Cell/drug therapy/blood MH - Female MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Male MH - *Puberty/drug effects MH - Infant MH - Body Height/drug effects MH - Biomarkers MH - Prospective Studies MH - Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/metabolism PMC - PMC13316575 COIS- Conflict-of-interest disclosure: R.E.W. receives research donations from Bristol Myers Squibb, Theravia, and Hemex Health; and serves as a medical adviser for Theravia, Nova Laboratories, and Octapharma. The remaining authors declare no competing financial interests. EDAT- 2026/04/09 12:45 MHDA- 2026/06/25 16:09 PMCR- 2026/04/13 CRDT- 2026/04/09 11:04 PHST- 2026/03/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/12/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/25 16:09 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/09 12:45 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/09 11:04 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 567645 [pii] AID - 10.1182/bloodadvances.2025019511 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Blood Adv. 2026 Jul 14;10(13):4483-4494. doi: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2025019511. PMID- 41954241 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260714 IS - 1475-097X (Electronic) IS - 1475-0961 (Linking) VI - 46 IP - 3 DP - 2026 May TI - Structural heterogeneity of carotid, femoral and brachial arteries across the human lifespan: Normative data and reference intervals. PG - e70062 LID - 10.1111/cpf.70062 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: In physiological and pathological conditions arteries undergo changes in their structural characteristics (diastolic diameter (DD), diastolic cross-sectional area (DCSA), wall thickness, wall-to-lumen ratio). Accurate clinical use of arterial structural parameters (ASP) requires knowing their physiological age-related profiles and expected values for a specific subject. No studies have characterized the profiles of ASP in large populations jointly considering: (i) data from different age stages, (ii) arteries of different types (elastic, transitional, muscular) from both body sides and (iii) potential age-, sex-, and anthropometric-related differences. Additionally, (iv) there is a lack of normative data (reference intervals, RIs) for ASP. AIMS: (1) to determine the need for RIs differentiated by body side, sex, anthropometry and/or age; (2) to define RIs for ASP in a large cohort of healthy children, adolescents and adults. METHODS: Four-thousand three hundred seventy-one subjects (2-89 y) were considered, including 1927 (4-76 y) healthy and non-exposed to cardiovascular risk factors. Carotid, femoral and brachial ASP (DD, DCSA, intima-media thickness, wall-to-lumen ratio) were obtained (ultrasound). Association and agreement between the same parameter obtained from both sides (left/right) were analyzed (Concordance correlations, Bland-Altman test). Multivariate analyses allowed identifying whether RIs differentiated by age, sex and/or anthropometric characteristics were necessary. Mean and standard deviation equations, and sex-specific, body height (BH)- and age-related profiles were obtained (regression methods; fractional polynomials). RESULTS: Physiological profiles and RIs were defined for ASP. The equations related to age, sex and BH obtained (and given) for the ASP would allow determining the expected values and potential deviations in a particular subject. CI - (c) 2026 Scandinavian Society of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine. FAU - Bia, Daniel AU - Bia D AD - CUiiDARTE, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay. FAU - Diaz, Alejandro AU - Diaz A AD - Instituto de Investigacion en Ciencias de la Salud, UNICEN-CCT CONICET, Tandil, Argentina. FAU - Zocalo, Yanina AU - Zocalo Y AD - CUiiDARTE, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay. LA - eng GR - PRSCT-008-020/Agencia Nacional de Investigacion e Innovacion/ GR - Programa de Desarrollo de las Ciencias Basicas/ GR - CUiiDARTE/ PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Clin Physiol Funct Imaging JT - Clinical physiology and functional imaging JID - 101137604 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Reference Values MH - *Brachial Artery/diagnostic imaging/physiology MH - Aged MH - Age Factors MH - Middle Aged MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Child MH - *Femoral Artery/diagnostic imaging/physiology MH - Young Adult MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Carotid Arteries/diagnostic imaging/physiology MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - Sex Factors MH - *Aging MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Carotid Intima-Media Thickness/standards MH - Vascular Health OTO - NOTNLM OT - arterial dimensions OT - life-course vascular changes OT - normative reference values OT - regional arterial heterogeneity OT - ultrasound imaging OT - vascular assessment OT - vascular remodelling EDAT- 2026/04/09 12:46 MHDA- 2026/04/09 12:47 CRDT- 2026/04/09 07:53 PHST- 2026/03/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/01/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/09 12:47 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/09 12:46 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/09 07:53 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/cpf.70062 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Clin Physiol Funct Imaging. 2026 May;46(3):e70062. doi: 10.1111/cpf.70062. PMID- 41953322 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260409 LR - 20260813 IS - 1664-1078 (Print) IS - 1664-1078 (Electronic) IS - 1664-1078 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Psychometric properties of Rosenberg's self-esteem scale among adolescents: a Rasch model analysis. PG - 1704135 LID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1704135 [doi] LID - 1704135 AB - BACKGROUND: The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) is one of the most widely used measures of global self-esteem. While its psychometric properties have been extensively studied using classical test theory, limited evidence exists on its performance under modern test theory approaches. AIM: To evaluate the psychometric properties of the RSES using Rasch analysis in a sample of Swedish adolescents. METHODS: A total of 403 adolescents (aged 9-19 years) from six schools completed the RSES. Rasch modelling was applied to assess item fit, person-item targeting, response category functioning, reliability, and differential item functioning (DIF) across sex, age, and BMI. RESULTS: The RSES demonstrated good item fit, with most items aligning with the Rasch model assumptions. The reliability and internal consistency indicators were strong, reflecting the sound psychometric quality of the scale. The person reliability coefficient reached a high value (0.85), with PSI = 2.35, indicating the scale's effective ability to discriminate among individuals across different levels of self-esteem. In addition, item reliability was high (0.99), accompanied by ISI = 8.38, reflecting the precision and stability of item difficulty estimates. Cronbach's alpha was 0.87, with SEM = 2.11, all of which confirm a high level of reliability and internal consistency among the scale items. Regarding targeting, the range of participant abilities was broader than that of item difficulties, with adequate coverage of the central portion of the self-esteem continuum, though some challenges remain in representing extreme levels of the trait. DIF analyses revealed no significant bias across sex, age, or BMI, though several items displayed variation across self-esteem levels. CONCLUSION: The RSES showed acceptable Rasch model fit, structural integrity, and reliability among Swedish adolescents, with no evidence of DIF by sex, age, or BMI. However, suboptimal targeting and misfitting reverse-worded items limited measurement precision, particularly at very low and very high self-esteem levels. Adding items targeting the extremes and revising problematic items could enhance the RSES's utility for adolescent self-esteem assessment in both research and clinical contexts. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Khalaf, Ziad, Ny and Hammarlund. FAU - Khalaf, Atika AU - Khalaf A AD - The PRO-CARE Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden. AD - Hind Bint Maktoum College of Nursing and Midwifery, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai Health, Dubai, United Arab Emirates. FAU - Ziad, Rachid AU - Ziad R AD - Department of Psychology, Echahid Cheikh Larbi Tebessi University, Tebessa, Algeria. FAU - Ny, Pernilla AU - Ny P AD - Department of Health Sciences, Midwifery Research, Reproductive, Perinatal and Sexual Health, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. FAU - Hammarlund, Catharina Sjodahl AU - Hammarlund CS AD - The PRO-CARE Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden. AD - Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260324 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Psychol JT - Frontiers in psychology JID - 101550902 PMC - PMC13055173 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Rasch model analysis OT - Rosenberg's self-esteem scale OT - Sweden OT - adolescents OT - psychometric properties COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/09 06:31 MHDA- 2026/04/09 06:32 PMCR- 2026/03/24 CRDT- 2026/04/09 04:41 PHST- 2025/10/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/09 06:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/09 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/09 04:41 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1704135 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Psychol. 2026 Mar 24;17:1704135. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1704135. eCollection 2026. PMID- 41953185 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260409 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-2360 (Print) IS - 2296-2360 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2360 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Development and validation of an intraoperative hypothermia risk assessment scale for school-aged children. PG - 1770475 LID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1770475 [doi] LID - 1770475 AB - BACKGROUND: Intraoperative hypothermia (core temperature <36 degrees C) is a common and detrimental complication in pediatric surgery. School-aged children (6-12 years) possess unique physiological vulnerabilities, yet a validated, age-specific risk assessment tool is lacking, leading to potential gaps in targeted prevention. OBJECTIVE: To develop and preliminarily validate a specialized intraoperative hypothermia risk assessment scale for school-aged children undergoing surgery. METHODS: This prospective scale development and validation study had three phases. First, a literature review defined the initial item pool. Second, a two-round Delphi consultation with 16 pediatric surgery experts (authority coefficients: 0.875, 0.900) refined items and confirmed content validity. The Delphi method was chosen for early-phase tool development to achieve clinical face and content validity via expert consensus, with equal item weighting as a starting point for future optimization. Finally, from July to December 2024, the scale was used on 398 school-aged surgical patients at a tertiary children's hospital. Intraoperative nasopharyngeal temperature monitoring was the reference for hypothermia (core temperature <36 degrees C after anesthesia induction). Scale reliability was measured by Cronbach's alpha, and predictive validity was evaluated with ROC curve analysis. RESULTS: The final scale consists of 13 items across two domains: patient-related factors (4 items) and iatrogenic/procedural factors (9 items). Each item is scored 1-3, yielding a total score range of 13-39, with higher scores indicating greater risk. In the validation cohort of 398 patients (211 males, 187 females; mean age 8.4 +/- 2.1 years), the incidence of intraoperative hypothermia was 47.2% (188/398). Baseline characteristics revealed mean BMI 16.8 +/- 3.2 kg/m(2), 62.3% undergoing general anesthesia, and mean surgical duration 2.1 +/- 1.4 h. The scale demonstrated acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.731). The ROC analysis revealed an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.743 (95% CI: 0.692-0.794, P < 0.001), indicating fair discriminative ability. The optimal cut-off score was 28, achieving a sensitivity of 0.752 and a specificity of 0.640 for predicting hypothermia. CONCLUSION: We developed a novel, reliable, and valid risk assessment scale for intraoperative hypothermia in school-aged children. This tool enables risk stratification using preoperatively available information to facilitate individualized warming strategies and potentially improve perioperative outcomes. Further multi-center validation is warranted to confirm its generalizability. CI - (c) 2026 Du, Wang, Yang, Liu, Cao, Xia and Yang. FAU - Du, Qingqing AU - Du Q AD - Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. AD - Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Wang, Zhen AU - Wang Z AD - Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. FAU - Yang, Lei AU - Yang L AD - Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. FAU - Liu, Yingmin AU - Liu Y AD - Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. FAU - Cao, Jing AU - Cao J AD - Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. FAU - Xia, Mengfan AU - Xia M AD - Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. FAU - Yang, Xia AU - Yang X AD - Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260324 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Pediatr JT - Frontiers in pediatrics JID - 101615492 PMC - PMC13055600 OTO - NOTNLM OT - child OT - hypothermia OT - intraoperative complications OT - predictive value OT - risk assessment OT - scale development COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/09 06:32 MHDA- 2026/04/09 06:33 PMCR- 2026/03/24 CRDT- 2026/04/09 04:39 PHST- 2025/12/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/09 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/09 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/09 04:39 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1770475 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Pediatr. 2026 Mar 24;14:1770475. doi: 10.3389/fped.2026.1770475. eCollection 2026. PMID- 41951412 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260408 IS - 1349-7235 (Electronic) IS - 0918-2918 (Linking) DP - 2026 Apr 7 TI - A Phase Angle Used as a Screening Tool for Malnutrition in Japanese Patients with Liver Cirrhosis. LID - 10.2169/internalmedicine.6677-25 [doi] AB - Objective Malnutrition and sarcopenia are associated with poor clinical outcomes in patients with cirrhosis. While the Phase angle (PhA) is a promising marker, validated ethnicity-specific cutoff values for Asian populations, who often show different body composition profiles, are lacking. This study aimed to establish and validate PhA cutoff values for diagnosing malnutrition and sarcopenia in a Japanese cohort. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 337 Japanese patients with liver cirrhosis who were randomly assigned to training (n=235) and validation (n=102) groups. Optimal sex-specific PhA cutoff values were then determined to identify malnutrition and sarcopenia. Overall survival was compared to assess the prognostic value of PhA. Results PhA was positively correlated with the body mass index, albumin level, and other nutritional indices (all p<0.05). A lower PhA was associated with a poorer hepatic reserve, as indicated by the Child-Pugh and mALBI grades (p<0.001). A multivariate analysis identified the PhA as an independent predictor of malnutrition and sarcopenia (p<0.01). Patients in the low PhA group had a shorter overall survival (p=0.024). The optimal PhA cut-off values for malnutrition and sarcopenia were 4.8 for males and 4.2 for females (AUROCs:0.70-0.76). In the validation cohort, the PhA cutoff values showed good sensitivity (76.7%) and a negative predictive value (75.0%) for malnutrition. Conclusion We established and validated the first sex-specific PhA cutoff values for malnutrition in Japanese patients with cirrhosis, which were lower than those in Western populations. PhA independently predicts malnutrition, sarcopenia, and overall survival, thereby offering clinicians a simple, noninvasive screening tool to enhance nutritional assessment in routine practice. FAU - Haraguchi, Masafumi AU - Haraguchi M AD - Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan. FAU - Miuma, Satoshi AU - Miuma S AD - Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan. FAU - Nakao, Yasuhiko AU - Nakao Y AD - Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan. FAU - Fukushima, Masanori AU - Fukushima M AD - Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan. FAU - Sasaki, Ryu AU - Sasaki R AD - Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan. FAU - Takahata, Hideaki AU - Takahata H AD - Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Japan. FAU - Miyaaki, Hisamitsu AU - Miyaaki H AD - Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260407 PL - Japan TA - Intern Med JT - Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) JID - 9204241 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bioelectrical Impedance OT - Body Composition OT - Hand Strength OT - Liver Cirrhosis OT - Muscle Strength OT - Nutritional Status EDAT- 2026/04/09 00:33 MHDA- 2026/04/09 00:33 CRDT- 2026/04/08 21:33 PHST- 2026/04/09 00:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/09 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/08 21:33 [entrez] AID - 10.2169/internalmedicine.6677-25 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Intern Med. 2026 Apr 7. doi: 10.2169/internalmedicine.6677-25. PMID- 41950942 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260924 IS - 2057-1976 (Electronic) IS - 2057-1976 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Apr 23 TI - Impact of multimodal information on the estimation of fetal growth indicators using machine learning regression models. LID - 10.1088/2057-1976/ae5caa [doi] AB - Accurate estimation of fetal growth indicators such as birth weight, birth length, and gestational age at birth is essential for monitoring pregnancy outcomes and guiding clinical decisions. Traditional predictive models typically rely on ultrasound-based fetometric data to estimate fetal weight or length. While valuable, these models provide estimates only at the time of measurement, rather than predicting values at birth, and may overlook important clinical and sociodemographic factors that also influence fetal growth. This study aimed to evaluate whether incorporating echographic, clinical, and sociodemographic features could improve the accuracy of predicting fetal growth indicators at birth and to quantify the contribution of each variable. Data from 154 cases were collected and processed for model development (61.5% for training and 38.5% for testing), divided into three feature sets: fetometric, clinical-sociodemographic, and combined clinical, echographic, and sociodemographic data. Six regression models were developed to predict three fetal growth indicators: birth weight, birth length, and gestational age at birth. Model performances were assessed usingR(2), mean absolute error (MAE), and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). The multimodal models significantly outperformed those relying only on fetometric or clinical-sociodemographic data, with the random forest achieving the best performance for birth weightR(2): 0.8991; MAE: 255.08 g; MAPE: 8.46%, birth lengthR(2): 0.8679; MAE: 7.21 cm; MAPE: 2.73%, and gestational age at birthR(2): 0.8886; MAE: 1.34 d; MAPE: 2.76%. Feature relevance analysis revealed that variables such as maternal height, maternal weight, placenta location, and alcohol consumption played substantial roles in prediction accuracy, alongside classic fetometric measurements such as head circumference. These findings highlight the multifactorial nature of fetal growth and demonstrate that integrating clinical and sociodemographic information enhances the performance of fetal growth prediction models, ultimately supporting improved perinatal care. CI - Creative Commons Attribution license. FAU - Castellanos-Diaz, Orlando AU - Castellanos-Diaz O AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-7867-8688 AD - Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana Unidad Iztapalapa, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico. FAU - Perez-Gonzalez, Jorge AU - Perez-Gonzalez J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4069-4268 AD - Unidad Academica del Instituto de Investigaciones en Matematicas Aplicadas y en Sistemas del Estado de Yucatan, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico. FAU - Arambula-Cosio, Fernando AU - Arambula-Cosio F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7607-7686 AD - Unidad Academica del Instituto de Investigaciones en Matematicas Aplicadas y en Sistemas del Estado de Yucatan, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico. FAU - Gonzalez-Meza, Laura AU - Gonzalez-Meza L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1666-5918 AD - Unidad Academica del Instituto de Investigaciones en Matematicas Aplicadas y en Sistemas del Estado de Yucatan, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico. FAU - Camargo-Marin, Lisbeth AU - Camargo-Marin L AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-5961-1323 AD - Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico. FAU - Guzman-Huerta, Mario AU - Guzman-Huerta M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0772-0054 AD - Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico. FAU - Vazquez-Salazar, Fernanda AU - Vazquez-Salazar F AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-0923-2189 AD - Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico. FAU - Aguilera-Perez, Jesus AU - Aguilera-Perez J AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-7538-3180 AD - Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico. FAU - Ortega-Castillo, Veronica AU - Ortega-Castillo V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4191-1356 AD - Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico. FAU - Medina-Banuelos, Veronica AU - Medina-Banuelos V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8072-3927 AD - Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana Unidad Iztapalapa, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico. FAU - Valdes-Cristerna, Raquel AU - Valdes-Cristerna R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0173-1759 AD - Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana Unidad Iztapalapa, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260423 PL - England TA - Biomed Phys Eng Express JT - Biomedical physics & engineering express JID - 101675002 SB - IM EIN - Biomed Phys Eng Express. 2026 Sep 02;12(5). doi: 10.1088/2057-1976/ae9e35. PMID: 42689396 MH - Humans MH - *Fetal Development MH - Female MH - *Machine Learning MH - Birth Weight MH - Gestational Age MH - Pregnancy MH - Ultrasonography, Prenatal MH - Predictive Learning Models MH - Regression Analysis MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Fetal Weight MH - Prediction Algorithms MH - Adult OTO - NOTNLM OT - birth length OT - birth size OT - clinical history and sociodemographic factors OT - computational learning OT - fetal biometry OT - gestational age at birth EDAT- 2026/04/09 00:34 MHDA- 2026/04/23 06:32 CRDT- 2026/04/08 18:53 PHST- 2025/11/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/23 06:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/09 00:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/08 18:53 [entrez] AID - 10.1088/2057-1976/ae5caa [doi] PST - epublish SO - Biomed Phys Eng Express. 2026 Apr 23;12(3). doi: 10.1088/2057-1976/ae5caa. PMID- 41950074 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260813 IS - 1984-0462 (Electronic) IS - 0103-0582 (Print) IS - 0103-0582 (Linking) VI - 44 DP - 2026 TI - NutriRisKids-ICU: Development and content validation of a nutritional risk screening tool for critically ill children and adolescents. PG - e2025246 LID - S0103-05822026000101009 [pii] LID - 10.1590/1984-0462/2026/44/2025246 [doi] LID - e2025246 AB - OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to develop and validate the content of a nutritional risk screening tool for critically ill children and adolescents in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs). METHODS: Care-convergent study for the development and content validation of an instrument for assessing nutritional risk in children admitted to the PICU. The initial development was based on a literature review and the clinical experience of the authors. Content validation was conducted using the Delphi technique in two successive rounds with intentionally selected experts, each with a minimum of 5 years of experience in pediatric intensive nutritional therapy (NT). Consensus analysis was performed using the content validity index (CVI), with minimum values of 0.70 for individual items and 0.90 for the overall instrument. RESULTS: Validation occurred in two rounds. In the first round, 18 experts suggested adjustments, and the revised version was reassessed by 12 experts in the second round. The final tool achieved an overall CVI of 0.958. The validated version included age subgroups, presence of chronic diseases, length of prior hospitalization, subjective impression of malnutrition risk, type of NT at admission, and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. CONCLUSIONS: The nutritional risk screening tool for critically ill pediatric patients, named NutriRisKids-ICU, was developed, and its content was validated by expert consensus. The tool combines theoretical evidence and clinical expertise, showing potential for application in PICUs. However, further studies are needed to assess its applicability, sensitivity, and specificity. FAU - Souza, Veronica Ramos AU - Souza VR AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-2023-7758 AD - Universidade de Sao Paulo - Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. FAU - Trida, Vanessa Camargo AU - Trida VC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7452-2472 AD - Universidade de Sao Paulo - Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. FAU - Mazzoni, Beatriz Polisel AU - Mazzoni BP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6333-5359 AD - Universidade de Sao Paulo - Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. FAU - Gandolfo, Adriana Servilha AU - Gandolfo AS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5416-6733 AD - Universidade de Sao Paulo - Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. FAU - de Carvalho, Werther Brunow AU - de Carvalho WB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9164-616X AD - Universidade de Sao Paulo - Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. FAU - Delgado, Artur Figueiredo AU - Delgado AF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4362-9880 AD - Universidade de Sao Paulo - Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. FAU - Zamberlan, Patricia AU - Zamberlan P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4118-9965 AD - Universidade de Sao Paulo - Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260403 PL - Brazil TA - Rev Paul Pediatr JT - Revista paulista de pediatria : orgao oficial da Sociedade de Pediatria de Sao Paulo JID - 9109353 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Critical Illness MH - Intensive Care Units, Pediatric MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - *Nutrition Assessment MH - Risk Assessment/methods MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Malnutrition/diagnosis PMC - PMC13053041 EDAT- 2026/04/08 18:32 MHDA- 2026/04/08 18:33 PMCR- 2026/04/03 CRDT- 2026/04/08 13:13 PHST- 2025/09/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/11/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/08 18:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/08 18:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/08 13:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0103-05822026000101009 [pii] AID - 10.1590/1984-0462/2026/44/2025246 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Rev Paul Pediatr. 2026 Apr 3;44:e2025246. doi: 10.1590/1984-0462/2026/44/2025246. eCollection 2026. PMID- 41949007 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260714 IS - 1687-1634 (Electronic) IS - 1020-3397 (Linking) VI - 32 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Mar 5 TI - Smartphone addiction and motor-cognitive performance among adolescents in Tunisia. PG - 93-102 LID - 10.26719/2026.32.2.93 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Smartphone addiction among adolescents has emerged as a significant public health concern, with potential consequences for motor and cognitive development. AIM: To examine the associations between smartphone addiction and motor-cognitive performance among adolescents in Tunisia, using validated digital tools. METHODS: Between December 2023 and March 2024, we examined 270 students in 3 public middle schools in urban Tunisia. We assessed smartphone addiction using the validated Arabic version of the smartphone addiction scale short version; motor function using the Takei Grip‑D dynamometer, MySprint app and the Flamingo balance test; and cognitive function using the Vienna test system. Group comparisons were conducted using nonparametric tests; associations were examined using Spearman's correlations; and predictive effects were assessed using separate linear regression analyses adjusted for age, sex and body mass index (P > 0.05). RESULTS: Adolescents classified as addicted (n = 120) demonstrated significantly higher daily smartphone use (454.8 +/- 104.8 vs 172.1 +/- 108.6 minutes, P < 0.001), slower sprint time (6.09 +/- 0.70 vs 5.63 +/- 0.54 seconds, P < 0.001), reduced grip strength (22.3 +/- 3.5 vs 25.7 +/- 4.1 kg, P < 0.001), and lower cognitive accuracy despite faster reaction time (P < 0.01). Addiction severity independently predicted slower sprinting (beta = 0.32) and poorer postural stability (beta = 0.35, both P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Smartphone addiction is linked to significant motor and cognitive impairment among adolescents in Tunisian schools, with addiction severity predicting slower sprinting and poorer postural stability. Early school-based interventions to promote healthy smartphone habits and physical activity may help prevent long-term motor-cognitive decline among adolescents in Tunisia. CI - Copyright (c) Authors 2026; Licensee: World Health Organization. EMHJ is an open-access journal. This paper is available under the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial ShareAlike 3.0 IGO licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo). FAU - Yaakoubi, Mohamed AU - Yaakoubi M AD - High Institute of Sports and Physical Education, University of Jendouba, Kef, Tunisia. AD - Research Unit, Physical Activity, Sport and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia. FAU - Ghorbel, Ahmed AU - Ghorbel A AD - High Institute of Sports and Physical Education, University of Jendouba, Kef, Tunisia. AD - Research Unit, Physical Activity, Sport and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia. FAU - Saddoud, Anis AU - Saddoud A AD - High Institute of Sports and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia. FAU - Masmoudi, Liwa AU - Masmoudi L AD - Research Unit, Physical Activity, Sport and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia. AD - High Institute of Sports and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia. FAU - Trabelsi, Omar AU - Trabelsi O AD - High Institute of Sports and Physical Education, University of Jendouba, Kef, Tunisia. AD - Research Unit, Physical Activity, Sport and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia. AD - High Institute of Applied Studies in Humanities, Department of Education Sciences, University of Monastir, Mahdia, Tunisia. FAU - Farhat, Faical AU - Farhat F AD - Research Unit, Physical Activity, Sport and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia. AD - High Institute of Sports and Physical Education, University of Gafsa, Tunisia. AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia. FAU - Gharbi, Adnene AU - Gharbi A AD - Research Unit, Physical Activity, Sport and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia. AD - High Institute of Sports and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260305 PL - Egypt TA - East Mediterr Health J JT - Eastern Mediterranean health journal = La revue de sante de la Mediterranee orientale = al-Majallah al-sihhiyah li-sharq al-mutawassit JID - 9608387 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Tunisia/epidemiology MH - Adolescent MH - *Smartphone MH - Female MH - *Cognition MH - Male MH - *Internet Addiction Disorder/epidemiology MH - *Behavior, Addictive/epidemiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Tunisia OT - adolescent health OT - cognitive function OT - motor skills OT - smartphone addiction EDAT- 2026/04/08 12:35 MHDA- 2026/04/08 12:36 CRDT- 2026/04/08 06:53 PHST- 2025/04/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/09/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/08 12:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/08 12:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/08 06:53 [entrez] AID - 10.26719/2026.32.2.93 [doi] PST - epublish SO - East Mediterr Health J. 2026 Mar 5;32(2):93-102. doi: 10.26719/2026.32.2.93. PMID- 41947477 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260813 IS - 1475-2727 (Electronic) IS - 1368-9800 (Print) IS - 1368-9800 (Linking) VI - 29 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 8 TI - Beyond the clinic: sensory-adapted food services to support nutrition in autism spectrum disorder. PG - e81 LID - 10.1017/S1368980026102420 [doi] LID - e81 AB - Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a population-scale condition with life-course health consequences, yet nutrition support remains inconsistently embedded in routine pathways. Food selectivity is common in ASD and is associated with restricted dietary variety, nutritional imbalance, gastrointestinal morbidity and cardiometabolic vulnerability. Current responses are predominantly clinic-and family-centred and are difficult to scale equitably. This commentary argues that institutional food services (schools, day-care and residential settings) are an underused public health platform to improve inclusion and accountability through sensory-accessible, nutritionally adequate meals. Because these services are commissioned, standardised and audited, sensory accessibility can be operationalised via procurement specifications and quality indicators, enabling benchmarking across sites. Evidence from sensory-informed menu adaptation and implementation work suggests feasibility within routine operations and supports evaluation using system-relevant outcomes (acceptability, nutritional adequacy, waste, feasibility and maintenance). Three policy actions are proposed: embed sensory accessibility in institutional standards, integrate nutrition across sectors and fund scale-up using implementation science. FAU - Conti, Maria Vittoria AU - Conti MV AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8120-7091 AD - https://ror.org/00s6t1f81University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. FAU - Fiechtner, Lauren AU - Fiechtner L AD - General Academic Pediatrics and Pediatric Gastroenterology, Mass General Hospital for Children, Boston, USA. FAU - Cena, Hellas AU - Cena H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5752-6199 AD - https://ror.org/00s6t1f81University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. AD - ICS Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260408 PL - England TA - Public Health Nutr JT - Public health nutrition JID - 9808463 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Autism Spectrum Disorder/diet therapy MH - *Food Services/standards MH - *Nutritional Support/methods MH - Child MH - Public Health PMC - PMC13087969 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Autism spectrum disorder OT - Food selectivity OT - Malnutrition OT - Nutrition OT - Public services COIS- H.C. declares no competing interests. L.F. declares no competing interests. M.V.C. declares no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/08 06:31 MHDA- 2026/04/08 06:32 PMCR- 2026/04/08 CRDT- 2026/04/08 01:52 PHST- 2026/04/08 06:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/08 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/08 01:52 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1368980026102420 [pii] AID - 10.1017/S1368980026102420 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Public Health Nutr. 2026 Apr 8;29(1):e81. doi: 10.1017/S1368980026102420. PMID- 41947314 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260813 IS - 1041-5505 (Print) IS - 2688-6855 (Electronic) IS - 1041-5505 (Linking) VI - 2026 IP - 236 DP - 2026 Feb TI - Traffic-Related Air Pollution and Birth Weight: The Roles of Noise, Placental Function, Green Space, Physical Activity, and Socioeconomic Status (FRONTIER). PG - 1-97 LID - 236 AB - INTRODUCTION: FRONTIER aimed to provide a robust and comprehensive evaluation of the impact of maternal exposure to traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) on fetal growth. Toward this aim it (1) disentangled the effects of noise as a co-exposure; (2) identified the relevant window(s) of vulnerability for this impact; (3) evaluated its modification by household and neighborhood level socioeconomic status (SES), stress, physical activity, and the timing of conception and delivery in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown; (4) elucidated the role of placental function as an underlying mechanism; and (5) explored the potential of urban tree canopies and green spaces to mitigate it. METHODS: FRONTIER established a new pregnancy cohort of 1,080 pregnant women in Barcelona, Spain - Barcelona Life Study Cohort (BiSC). Fetal growth was characterized by anthropometric measures at birth, together with ultrasound-based trajectories of fetal development. We developed an innovative exposure assessment framework integrating objective data on time-activity patterns with dispersion, land use regression, and hybrid models, with campaigns of personal and home-outdoor air pollution monitoring to estimate maternal exposure levels as well as inhaled dose of black carbon (BC), nitrogen dioxide (NO(2)), fine particulate matter (PM(2.5)), and PM(2.5) copper, iron, and zinc in the main microenvironments for pregnant women (home, workplace, and commuting routes). We also assessed maternal exposure to noise by integrating measurements at participants' homes and outdoors using noise monitors with modeled microenvironmental noise levels, data on noise sensitivity, annoyance, and protections against noise. We developed single- and multipollutant models to evaluate the impact of TRAP exposure and inhaled dose on fetal growth while also correcting for the exposure measurement error. We further evaluated the modification of associations by SES, stress (cortisol levels and perceived stress), physical activity (objective and subjective measures), their mitigation by urban greenness and canopy volume, and their mediation by Doppler ultrasound measures of placental function. RESULTS: We found that higher pregnancy exposure to NO(2), BC, PM(2.5), and PM(2.5) copper and iron contents, particularly at home and all microenvironments combined, were generally associated with lower birth weight, higher risk of small for gestational age (SGA), and a decelerated trajectory of fetal growth, although some of these associations were not statistically significant. These associations appeared to be stronger for mothers with higher SES and those with higher objective measures of psychological stress. For the COVID-19 pandemic and physical activity, as effect modifiers, and urban greenness and canopy cover, as effect mitigators, we observed mixed patterns. In multipollutant models that include different measures of exposure to noise in addition to TRAP, the associations between TRAP and fetal growth generally remained consistent with those that we observed in our main analyses. We found two potential windows of vulnerability for the association of TRAP with fetal growth: one at the end of the first trimester and the beginning of the second trimester, and another at the end of the third trimester. Finally, we observed that a small proportion of the associations between PM(2.5) and fetal growth could be mediated through the impact of these pollutants on placental function (i.e., umbilical artery pulsatility index). CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to TRAP is associated with impaired fetal growth. CI - (c) 2026 Health Effects Institute. All rights reserved. FAU - Dadvand, P AU - Dadvand P AD - Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Sunyer, J AU - Sunyer J AD - Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Rivas, I AU - Rivas I AD - Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Gomez-Roig, M D AU - Gomez-Roig MD AD - Hospital de Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Llurba, E AU - Llurba E AD - Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Foraster, M AU - Foraster M AD - Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Arevalo, G AU - Arevalo G AD - Air Quality and Energy Efficiency Department, Barcelona Regional, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Barril, L AU - Barril L AD - Barcelona Regional, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Bustamante, M AU - Bustamante M AD - Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Basagana, X AU - Basagana X AD - Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Cirach, M AU - Cirach M AD - Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Dominguez, A AU - Dominguez A AD - Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Galmes, T AU - Galmes T AD - Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Gascon, M AU - Gascon M AD - Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Lao, J AU - Lao J AD - Air Quality and Energy Efficiency Department, Barcelona Regional, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Gallego, E M AU - Gallego EM AD - Hospital de Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Moreno, T AU - Moreno T AD - Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Nieuwenhuijsen, M J AU - Nieuwenhuijsen MJ AD - Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Persavento, C AU - Persavento C AD - Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Raimbault, B AU - Raimbault B AD - Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Querol, X AU - Querol X AD - Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Tonne, C AU - Tonne C AD - Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Res Rep Health Eff Inst JT - Research report (Health Effects Institute) JID - 8812230 RN - 0 (Air Pollutants) RN - 0 (Vehicle Emissions) RN - 0 (Particulate Matter) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *Birth Weight MH - *Traffic-Related Pollution/adverse effects/analysis MH - Spain/epidemiology MH - *Maternal Exposure/adverse effects/statistics & numerical data MH - *Exercise MH - Adult MH - *Placenta/physiology MH - *Noise/adverse effects MH - Fetal Development MH - Social Class MH - *Air Pollution/adverse effects/analysis MH - COVID-19/epidemiology MH - Cohort Studies MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Air Pollutants/analysis/adverse effects MH - *Vehicle Emissions/analysis MH - Particulate Matter/analysis MH - Socioeconomic Disparities in Health PMC - PMC13057358 EDAT- 2026/04/08 06:32 MHDA- 2026/04/08 06:33 PMCR- 2026/02/01 CRDT- 2026/04/08 00:23 PHST- 2026/04/08 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/08 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/08 00:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/02/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - hei-2026-236 [pii] PST - ppublish SO - Res Rep Health Eff Inst. 2026 Feb;2026(236):1-97. PMID- 41947098 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260627 LR - 20260813 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 7 TI - Associations between digital healthy diet literacy, artificial intelligence attitudes, mediterranean diet adherence, and health-related quality of life in adults. LID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27238-y [doi] LID - 1598 AB - OBJECTIVE: In the digital age, the ability to critically evaluate online nutritional information is of paramount importance. This study aimed to examine the relationships between digital healthy diet literacy (DHDL), attitudes towards artificial intelligence (AI), adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MD), and the physical and mental components of health-related quality of life in adults. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Ankara, Turkey, using snowball sampling and a web-based questionnaire; 1240 adults (740 women, 500 men) aged 18-65 were included in the study. Data were collected through a web-based questionnaire that included demographic information, self-reported anthropometric measurements, and validated scales. The scales used include: Digital Eating Literacy Scale, Attitudes toward Artificial Intelligence Scale, Short Form-12 Quality of Life Scale (SF-12), and Mediterranean Diet Adherence Scale (MEDAS). RESULTS: DHDL scores showed significant positive correlations with AI attitude scores (r = 0.195), the physical (r = 0.218) and mental (r = 0.291) components of health-related quality of life, and MD adherence (r = 0.206) (p < 0.001 for all). Similarly, higher attitudes toward AI were significantly associated with better MD adherence (r = 0.250) and higher physical (r = 0.138) and mental (r = 0.129) quality of life. Linear regression analyses indicated that demographic and socioeconomic factors such as gender, age, marital status, education and income level, and employment status were significant predictors of digital healthy diet literacy (DHDL), AI attitudes, Physical Component Summary-12 (PCS-12), Mental Component Summary-12 (MCS-12), and MEDAS scores (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: High DHDL levels, positive attitudes toward AI, and high adherence with MD are interrelated and positively correlated with better health-related quality of life. In public health strategies, incorporating holistic interventions that improve DHDL, encourage positive interaction with AI-based health tools, and support adherence to evidence-based dietary patterns such as the MD may contribute to improved overall well-being. FAU - Guler, Ummugulsum AU - Guler U AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-3352-6047 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gulhane Health Sciences Institute, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkiye, Turkey. FAU - Mengi̇ Celi̇k, Ozge AU - Mengi̇ Celi̇k O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0298-9591 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gulhane Health Sciences Faculty, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkiye, Turkey. ozgeemengi@gmail.com. FAU - Baspinar, Emine Nefise AU - Baspinar EN AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-5073-0959 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gulhane Health Sciences Institute, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkiye, Turkey. FAU - Degi̇rmenci̇oglu, Elif AU - Degi̇rmenci̇oglu E AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-5332-8493 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gulhane Health Sciences Institute, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkiye, Turkey. FAU - Eser, Binnaz AU - Eser B AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-7584-6763 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gulhane Health Sciences Institute, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkiye, Turkey. FAU - Serenli̇oglu, Dila AU - Serenli̇oglu D AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-0056-7224 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gulhane Health Sciences Institute, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkiye, Turkey. FAU - Kilic, Gulnur AU - Kilic G AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-6413-1074 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gulhane Health Sciences Institute, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkiye, Turkey. FAU - Gencoglu, Irem AU - Gencoglu I AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-9426-2135 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gulhane Health Sciences Institute, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkiye, Turkey. FAU - Kaya, Melike AU - Kaya M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-6212-2985 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gulhane Health Sciences Institute, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkiye, Turkey. FAU - Sariteke, Yaprak AU - Sariteke Y AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-9007-6633 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gulhane Health Sciences Institute, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkiye, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260407 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Quality of Life/psychology MH - Adult MH - Male MH - *Diet, Mediterranean/statistics & numerical data/psychology MH - Middle Aged MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adolescent MH - *Health Literacy/statistics & numerical data MH - Young Adult MH - *Artificial Intelligence/statistics & numerical data MH - *Diet, Healthy/statistics & numerical data/psychology MH - Aged MH - Turkey MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Digital Media MH - Digital Health MH - *Patient Compliance/statistics & numerical data PMC - PMC13192162 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Artificial intelligence OT - Digital health diet literacy OT - Health-related quality of life OT - Mediterranean diet COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The study was conducted with the approval of the University of Health Sciences Gulhane Scientific Research Ethics Committee, numbered 2025/535. Informed consent was obtained from all participants included in the study. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/08 00:30 MHDA- 2026/06/27 18:38 PMCR- 2026/04/07 CRDT- 2026/04/07 23:58 PHST- 2026/01/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 18:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/08 00:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/07 23:58 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27238-y [pii] AID - 27238 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27238-y [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2026 Apr 7;26(1):1598. doi: 10.1186/s12889-026-27238-y. PMID- 41946270 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260714 IS - 1476-5616 (Electronic) IS - 0033-3506 (Linking) VI - 255 DP - 2026 Jun TI - The impact of public health service on rural children's health: Quasi-experimental evidence from China. PG - 106263 LID - S0033-3506(26)00132-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.puhe.2026.106263 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: This study evaluates the impact of a major maternal and child health service program on the health outcomes of children in rural China. STUDY DESIGN: Quasi-experimental study. METHODS: We utilize data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) spanning 2012 to 2018, leveraging a regression discontinuity (RD) design with March 2006 as the cutoff to identify the program's causal effects. Our empirical strategy includes a series of robustness checks, such as RD validity tests, alternative bandwidths and functional forms, placebo cutoffs, exclusion of a confounding policy, and a combined RD-DID approach. RESULTS: The program yields significant improvements in rural children's health. We find a 5% reduction in hospitalization rates and a 53.7% increase in hospital delivery rates, accompanied by improvements in nutritional status, as reflected by a 0.082 increase in BMI Z-scores. Placebo test results show no significant effects, supporting our identification strategy and suggesting a narrowing of the urban-rural health gap. Additional analysis indicates that the program significantly reduces out-of-pocket medical expenditures for rural households, with particularly pronounced benefits for low-income families. CONCLUSIONS: The maternal and child health service program has proven to be an effective intervention for improving child health and reducing health disparities, particularly between urban and rural areas as well as within rural communities. These findings underscore the program's critical role in promoting health equity and accelerating progress toward universal health coverage. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Royal Society for Public Health. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Shen, Taotao AU - Shen T AD - Institute of Financial Risk Management, Shanxi University of Finance and Economics, No.140, Wucheng Road, Xiaodian District, Taiyuan, 030006, China. Electronic address: shyercz@163.com. FAU - Liu, Huan AU - Liu H AD - College of Economics and Management, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1, Weigang Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, 210095, China. Electronic address: lhnenu0922@163.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260406 PL - Netherlands TA - Public Health JT - Public health JID - 0376507 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - China MH - *Child Health/statistics & numerical data MH - Female MH - Child MH - *Rural Population/statistics & numerical data MH - Child, Preschool MH - Male MH - Infant MH - Program Evaluation OTO - NOTNLM OT - Child health OT - Early childhood development OT - Health services OT - Maternal and child OT - Rural China COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/08 00:30 MHDA- 2026/05/03 05:27 CRDT- 2026/04/07 18:08 PHST- 2025/11/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/03 05:27 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/08 00:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/07 18:08 [entrez] AID - S0033-3506(26)00132-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.puhe.2026.106263 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Public Health. 2026 Jun;255:106263. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2026.106263. Epub 2026 Apr 6. PMID- 41945642 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260813 IS - 1438-8871 (Electronic) IS - 1439-4456 (Print) IS - 1438-8871 (Linking) VI - 28 DP - 2026 Apr 7 TI - A Gamified Mobile Health Intervention to Promote Physical Activity, Executive Function, and Mental Health in College Students: Randomized Controlled Trial. PG - e82769 LID - 10.2196/82769 [doi] LID - e82769 AB - BACKGROUND: College students commonly experience suboptimal health conditions, including insufficient physical activity (PA), excessive body weight, and declining physical fitness. Traditional interventions face low adherence, while gamified mobile health (mHealth) programs may improve engagement and outcomes. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of a novel gamified, incentive-based mHealth intervention on primary outcomes (PA and adherence) and secondary outcomes (physical fitness, body composition, executive function [EF], and mental health). METHODS: A 2-arm parallel-group randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted in 2025 at Yantai University with 160 college students (18-25 years; BMI 18.5-30.0) who were randomized 1:1 (computer-generated, sex-stratified blocks of 4; concealed allocation) to the intervention group (IG) or control group (CG; n=80 each); major exclusions were contraindications to exercise, severe physical/mental illness, recent PA interventions, or psychotropic medication use. Both used the same fitness watch-app system and identical PA targets (>/=150 min moderate-to-vigorous physical activity [MVPA] per week or >/=900 metabolic equivalent-minutes [MET-min] per week); IG additionally received team-based gamification (competition, points/leaderboards, feedback, and rewards), while CG received monitoring only. PA and adherence were monitored throughout the 8-week intervention; other outcomes were assessed at baseline and 8 weeks (fitness, body composition, EF, and mental health). Open-label with blinded outcome assessors/analysts; intention-to-treat (ITT) with multiple imputation. RESULTS: At 8 weeks, data were available for 154 participants (IG 78; CG 76); all 160 were analyzed per ITT. Compared to the CG, the IG demonstrated significantly higher mean levels in all primary PA outcomes over 8 weeks (daily steps: mean 10,356, SD 1245 versus 8242, SD 1087; Delta=2114; d=1.81, 95% CI 1.44-2.18; P<.001; daily MVPA: mean 71, SD 15 versus 43, SD 12 min; Delta=28 min; d=2.06, 95% CI 1.68-2.45; P<.001; and weekly MET-min: mean 1650, SD 310 versus 1340, SD 285; Delta=310; d=1.04, 95% CI 0.71-1.37; P<.001). Adherence was also higher in the IG (both P<.001). Key secondary outcomes, including skeletal muscle mass (Delta +0.54 kg), body fat percentage (Delta -0.46 percentage points), 800/1000 m run time (Delta -6.5 s), and depressive symptoms (Delta -2.0 points), significantly favored the IG (all P<.001). No serious adverse events occurred. CONCLUSIONS: This RCT demonstrated that integrating gamification into an mHealth platform significantly enhanced PA, intervention adherence, and selected health outcomes among college students. The key innovation lies in the trial design, which held the technology platform and activity goals constant across groups, thereby allowing a clearer estimate of the incremental contribution of gamification. Unlike many existing studies, this approach reduces confounding from co-occurring intervention components in between-group comparisons. It therefore provides more comparable and methodologically robust evidence on the specific efficacy of gamification in mHealth interventions. For real-world implementation, this model leverages the existing smartphone and wearable ecosystem, offering a low-cost, scalable strategy for university health-promotion programs. CI - (c) Ming Yang, Yingjun Guo, Zhen Li, Lei Jiang, Yanan Gao, Sen Yang, Zhixiong Zhou. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (https://www.jmir.org). FAU - Yang, Ming AU - Yang M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-4849-1732 AD - Institute of Artificial Intelligence in Sports, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, No.11, North Third Ring West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China, 86 13552505679. AD - School of Physical Education, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, China. FAU - Guo, Yingjun AU - Guo Y AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-4708-3140 AD - Beijing Sport University Press, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, Beijing, China. FAU - Li, Zhen AU - Li Z AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1432-7472 AD - School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China. FAU - Jiang, Lei AU - Jiang L AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-8591-6805 AD - Institute of Artificial Intelligence in Sports, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, No.11, North Third Ring West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China, 86 13552505679. FAU - Gao, Yanan AU - Gao Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3641-5449 AD - School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China. FAU - Yang, Sen AU - Yang S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-3907-6356 AD - Institute of Artificial Intelligence in Sports, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, No.11, North Third Ring West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China, 86 13552505679. FAU - Zhou, Zhixiong AU - Zhou Z AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3369-1429 AD - Institute of Artificial Intelligence in Sports, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, No.11, North Third Ring West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China, 86 13552505679. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20260407 PL - Canada TA - J Med Internet Res JT - Journal of medical Internet research JID - 100959882 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Executive Function MH - Male MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - *Mental Health MH - *Students/psychology MH - Universities MH - *Telemedicine MH - Adult MH - *Exercise MH - Physical Fitness MH - *Health Promotion/methods MH - *Video Games MH - Digital Health MH - *Gamification PMC - PMC13055952 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adherence OT - cognitive function OT - eHealth OT - gamification OT - mHealth OT - physical fitness OT - psychological well-being COIS- Conflicts of Interest: None declared. EDAT- 2026/04/07 18:31 MHDA- 2026/04/07 18:32 PMCR- 2026/04/07 CRDT- 2026/04/07 13:53 PHST- 2025/08/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/07 18:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/07 18:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/07 13:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v28i1e82769 [pii] AID - 82769 [pii] AID - 10.2196/82769 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Med Internet Res. 2026 Apr 7;28:e82769. doi: 10.2196/82769. PMID- 41945012 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260714 IS - 1590-3729 (Electronic) IS - 0939-4753 (Linking) VI - 36 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Cardiorespiratory fitness from childhood to midlife and Life's Essential 8 cardiovascular health score. PG - 104640 LID - S0939-4753(26)00102-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.numecd.2026.104640 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is a modifiable cardiovascular risk factor for children and adults. However, little is known how variations in CRF across the life course impact long-term cardiovascular health. Therefore, we examined how CRF from childhood to mid-adulthood associates with the American Heart Association's (AHA) Life's Essential 8 (LE8), a measure of overall cardiovascular health. METHODS AND RESULTS: As part of the longitudinal Childhood Determinants of Adult Health Study, 240 participants had their CRF measured as physical work capacity at 170 beats per minute (PWC(170)) in childhood (1985: 9, 12, 15 years), young adulthood (2004-06: 26-36 years), and mid-adulthood (2014-19: 36-49 years). In mid-adulthood, diet, physical activity, smoking, sleep, body mass index, blood lipids, blood glucose and blood pressure was assessed, with LE8 scores created following AHA recommendations. Associations were examined using linear regression and the Bayesian relevant life course model. The relationship between CRF across the life course and adult LE8 was best characterised by a lifetime growth model, where higher childhood CRF (beta = 3.48, 95%CI = 1.36-5.60), and increased CRF between childhood and young adulthood (beta = 3.64, 95%CI = 2.12-5.17) and between young and mid-adulthood (beta = 4.15, 95%CI = 2.23-6.06) were positively associated with LE8 in midlife. When the relative importance of CRF within this relationship was quantified, CRF was important at each examined life stage, with a sensitive period in midlife. CONCLUSION: These findings support a life course approach to the prevention of adverse cardiovascular health, highlighting the cardiovascular benefits of higher CRF in both childhood and adulthood, and increasing CRF over time. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Fraser, Brooklyn J AU - Fraser BJ AD - Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia; Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia. Electronic address: brooklyn.fraser@utas.edu.au. FAU - Blizzard, Leigh AU - Blizzard L AD - Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia. FAU - Tomkinson, Grant R AU - Tomkinson GR AD - Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia. FAU - Dwyer, Terence AU - Dwyer T AD - Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia; The Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia. FAU - Venn, Alison J AU - Venn AJ AD - Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia. FAU - Magnussen, Costan G AU - Magnussen CG AD - Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia; Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260226 PL - Netherlands TA - Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis JT - Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD JID - 9111474 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Cardiorespiratory Fitness MH - Child MH - Male MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - Adult MH - *Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis/epidemiology/prevention & control/physiopathology MH - Age Factors MH - Risk Assessment MH - Heart Disease Risk Factors MH - Adolescent MH - Health Status MH - Young Adult MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Time Factors MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - Risk Factors OTO - NOTNLM OT - American heart association OT - Cardiorespiratory fitness OT - Cardiovascular diseases OT - Cohort studies OT - Epidemiology COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/07 12:33 MHDA- 2026/05/15 00:31 CRDT- 2026/04/07 11:08 PHST- 2025/08/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/15 00:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/07 12:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/07 11:08 [entrez] AID - S0939-4753(26)00102-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.numecd.2026.104640 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2026 Jul;36(7):104640. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2026.104640. Epub 2026 Feb 26. PMID- 41944765 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260715 IS - 2214-0190 (Electronic) IS - 0895-3988 (Linking) VI - 39 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Mar 20 TI - Levels and Disparities of 24-hour Movement Behaviors of Chinese Children Aged 3-5 Years: A Nationally Representative Cross-sectional Study (2019-2021). PG - 285-296 LID - 10.3967/bes2025.151 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to describe 24-hour movement behaviors, including physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep period, among Chinese preschoolers using nationally representative data, and examine disparities by age, gender, and residence. METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from the China National Nutrition and Health Systematic Survey for Children (2019-2021), including 10,935 children aged 3-5 years. Daily total time of physical activity (TPA), total time of sedentary behaviors (TSB), and total sleep period (TSP) was collected via validated structured questionnaires. Physical inactivity was defined as < 180 minutes of TPA per day. RESULTS: Median TPA was 121.4 ( IQR: 71.4-209.6) minutes/day, and TSB was 231.4 ( IQR: 175.0-304.3) minutes/day, with 11.46 +/- 1.00 hours/day average TSP. Overall, 68.8% were physically inactive, with higher prevalence in rural (73.3%) versus urban areas (64.8%, P < 0.001). TPA and TSB increased with age, while TSP decreased (all P < 0.001). No significant gender differences were observed. CONCLUSION: Most Chinese preschoolers exhibit insufficient physical activity and excessive sedentary behaviors, with notable urban-rural disparities and an escalating trend of ageing. Continuous monitoring and targeted interventions, especially in rural areas, are urgently needed. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Editorial Board of Biomedical and Environmental Sciences. Published by China CDC. All rights reserved. FAU - Duan, Yi Fan AU - Duan YF AD - National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China. Key Laboratory of Human Breast Milk Science, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China. FAU - Zhang, Ji AU - Zhang J AD - School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China. FAU - Guo, Lin Xiao AU - Guo LX AD - National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China. Key Laboratory of Human Breast Milk Science, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China;Guangdong Polytechnic of Science and Trade, Guangzhou 510430, Guangdong, China. FAU - Pang, Xue Hong AU - Pang XH AD - National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China. Key Laboratory of Human Breast Milk Science, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China. FAU - Zhang, Qian AU - Zhang Q AD - National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China. Key Laboratory of Human Breast Milk Science, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China. FAU - Wang, Yu Ying AU - Wang YY AD - National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China. Key Laboratory of Human Breast Milk Science, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China. FAU - Xu, Tao AU - Xu T AD - National Center for Women and Children's Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100081, China. FAU - Chen, Bo Wen AU - Chen BW AD - Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China. FAU - Yang, Zhen Yu AU - Yang ZY AD - National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China. Key Laboratory of Human Breast Milk Science, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China. FAU - Zhao, Wen Hua AU - Zhao WH AD - National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China. Key Laboratory of Human Breast Milk Science, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - China TA - Biomed Environ Sci JT - Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES JID - 8909524 RN - Chinese people SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - China MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Sedentary Behavior MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Sleep MH - *Exercise MH - Sleep Duration MH - East Asian People OTO - NOTNLM OT - Physical activity OT - Physical inactivity OT - Preschool children OT - Sedentary behavior OT - Sleep duration OT - Urban-rural disparity EDAT- 2026/04/07 12:32 MHDA- 2026/04/07 12:33 CRDT- 2026/04/07 10:13 PHST- 2025/04/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/10/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/07 12:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/07 12:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/07 10:13 [entrez] AID - 10.3967/bes2025.151 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Biomed Environ Sci. 2026 Mar 20;39(3):285-296. doi: 10.3967/bes2025.151. PMID- 41944689 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260723 LR - 20260723 IS - 1533-4287 (Electronic) IS - 1064-8011 (Linking) VI - 40 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug 1 TI - Accelerometry Insights Into Gym-Based Plyometric Exercises; Evaluating Metrics, Reliability, and Sensor Placement. PG - e784-e791 LID - 10.1519/JSC.0000000000005424 [doi] AB - McGillivray, I, Murphy, A, Reid, M, Perri, T, and Duffield, R. Accelerometry insights into gym-based plyometric exercises; evaluating metrics, reliability, and sensor placement. J Strength Cond Res 40(8): e784-e791, 2026-Quantification of training load is important for athletic performance, yet traditional field-based accelerometry often fails to capture gym-based training demands, particularly in the vertical plane. This study investigates the use of triaxial accelerometry for assessing training load in gym-based plyometric exercises, examining the influence of sensor placement and the reliability of accelerometry-derived metrics. Ten elite youth tennis players (16.0 +/- 1.6 years) completed a standardized plyometric session on 2 occasions, consisting of 4 sets of 7 exercises, performed in a superset sequence. Inertial measurement units (IMUs) were worn at 4 anatomical locations (thoracic spine, lumbar spine, left ankle, right ankle), collecting 4 key metrics: peak upward acceleration (PUpAcc), 1D upward PlayerLoad (1DPL-up), 2D PlayerLoad (2DPL), and 3D PlayerLoad (3DPL). Results showed skater hops consistently produced the lowest acceleration magnitudes, whereas altitude landings recorded the highest. Ankle-mounted sensors recorded significantly higher acceleration values than thoracic and lumbar placements ( p < 0.05), confirming the attenuation of signals up the body. PlayerLoad metrics demonstrated strong agreement across sensor locations ( r = 0.50-0.96) in 119/126 comparisons, whereas PUpAcc showed lower associations ( r = 0.01-0.57). Moderate to good reliability values (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.50-0.84) existed across all metrics, with greater consistency in PlayerLoad metrics compared with PUpAcc. Overall, sensor placement influences accelerometry-derived measures of plyometric activities, with PlayerLoad metrics demonstrating intersensor agreement and reliability across placements. Although thoracic-mounted IMUs capture whole-body motion, they may underestimate lower-limb loading. These preliminary findings support using PlayerLoad metrics for monitoring gym-based plyometrics while highlighting the need for further research into PUpAcc as a measure of impact-related acceleration. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 National Strength and Conditioning Association. FAU - McGillivray, Isabel AU - McGillivray I AD - School of Sport, Exercise & Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; and. AD - Tennis Australia, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Murphy, Alistair AU - Murphy A AD - Tennis Australia, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Reid, Machar AU - Reid M AD - Tennis Australia, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Perri, Thomas AU - Perri T AD - Tennis Australia, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Duffield, Rob AU - Duffield R AD - School of Sport, Exercise & Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; and. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260408 PL - United States TA - J Strength Cond Res JT - Journal of strength and conditioning research JID - 9415084 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Accelerometry/methods/instrumentation MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - *Plyometric Exercise/methods MH - Adolescent MH - Tennis/physiology MH - Acceleration MH - Ankle/physiology MH - Male MH - Lumbar Vertebrae/physiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - plyometric training OT - tennis OT - training load monitoring OT - wearable technology EDAT- 2026/04/07 12:32 MHDA- 2026/07/23 12:37 CRDT- 2026/04/07 09:43 PHST- 2026/07/23 12:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/07 12:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/07 09:43 [entrez] AID - 00124278-990000000-00947 [pii] AID - 10.1519/JSC.0000000000005424 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Strength Cond Res. 2026 Aug 1;40(8):e784-e791. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000005424. Epub 2026 Apr 8. PMID- 41943951 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260825 LR - 20260825 IS - 1541-3144 (Electronic) IS - 0194-2638 (Linking) VI - 46 IP - 5 DP - 2026 TI - Feeding Self-Help Skills and Adaptive Behavior Are Related to Feeding Challenge Severity in Autistic Children. PG - 963-979 LID - 10.1080/01942638.2026.2652045 [doi] AB - AIMS: This project aimed to (1) Describe feeding self-help skills in autistic children with feeding challenges and (2) Identify the relationships among feeding self-help skills, feeding challenge severity, family mealtime factors, and adaptive behavior. METHODS: This study used data from a cross-sectional national survey of 358 caregivers of autistic children (ages 2-12 years) with feeding challenges, recruited through a national research registry. Data were captured using validated caregiver-report measures. Descriptive statistics were completed to characterize feeding self-help skills and additional variables within the sample. Pearson's R correlations were run to investigate relationships among variables. RESULTS: Feeding self-help skills, feeding challenge severity, and adaptive behavior scores were widely heterogeneous. Overall, children in the study required higher levels of support from caregivers to participate in feeding and had lower adaptive behavior than expected for their age. Significant Pearson r correlations ranging from 0.11 to 0.60 were observed between feeding self-help skills, feeding challenge severity, family mealtime factors, and adaptive behavior. CONCLUSIONS: Feeding self-help skills and adaptive behavior are essential to evaluate in autistic children with feeding challenges. Future research should explore component skills, (e.g. use of utensils) in addition to behavior and sensory components of feeding to inform child-centered evaluation and intervention. FAU - St John, Brittany M AU - St John BM AD - Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA. AD - Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Division of Occupational Therapy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. FAU - Laufenberg, Hannah AU - Laufenberg H AD - Department of Kinesiology, Occupational Therapy Program, University of Wisconsin at Madison, Madison, WI, USA. FAU - Sommers, Mary AU - Sommers M AD - Department of Kinesiology, Occupational Therapy Program, University of Wisconsin at Madison, Madison, WI, USA. FAU - Sylvester, Gina AU - Sylvester G AD - Department of Kinesiology, Occupational Therapy Program, University of Wisconsin at Madison, Madison, WI, USA. FAU - Ausderau, Karla K AU - Ausderau KK AD - Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA. AD - Department of Kinesiology, Occupational Therapy Program, University of Wisconsin at Madison, Madison, WI, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260407 PL - England TA - Phys Occup Ther Pediatr JT - Physical & occupational therapy in pediatrics JID - 8109120 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child, Preschool MH - Child MH - Male MH - *Adaptation, Psychological MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - *Autistic Disorder/psychology/physiopathology MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - Meals MH - Severity of Illness Index MH - Caregivers MH - *Self Care OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adaptive behavior OT - autism OT - family mealtime OT - feeding challenges OT - feeding self-help skills EDAT- 2026/04/07 06:31 MHDA- 2026/08/25 11:38 CRDT- 2026/04/07 04:33 PHST- 2026/08/25 11:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/07 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/07 04:33 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/01942638.2026.2652045 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Phys Occup Ther Pediatr. 2026;46(5):963-979. doi: 10.1080/01942638.2026.2652045. Epub 2026 Apr 7. PMID- 41942896 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260627 LR - 20260926 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 6 TI - MIDO first childhood: assessment of growth and development in early childhood among vulnerable Mexican communities. LID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27181-y [doi] LID - 1592 AB - BACKGROUND: Early childhood health in Mexico is characterized by chronic undernutrition, excess weight, and risk of developmental delay, particularly among children living in socioeconomic vulnerability. Despite national statistics, integrated and standardized screening within routine primary healthcare remains limited. MIDO First Childhood is a digital health strategy that has an interoperable digital platform to support standardized assessment of child growth and development in primary healthcare settings. The objective of this study was to describe the health, nutritional, and developmental profiles of children assessed through MIDO First Childhood between 2019 and 2024. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive analysis of 18,197 children aged five years or younger assessed through MIDO First Childhood in primary healthcare facilities across eight Mexican states. The first recorded assessment per child with complete anthropometric and developmental data was included. Variables comprised sociodemographic characteristics, perinatal and health-related factors, standardized anthropometric indicators based on the World Health Organization growth standards, and child development assessed using the validated Early Development Instrument screening tool. Sex differences were examined using chi-square and Student's t tests. RESULTS: The coexistence of undernutrition and excess weight observed in our sample is consistent with national statistics, describing the double burden of malnutrition among young children in Mexico. These findings highlight the complexity of nutritional challenges faced in vulnerable populations within primary healthcare settings: 8.4% presented stunting or severe stunting, while 7.9% were overweight or obese. Only 65.3% achieved age-appropriate development. This proportion dropped sharply to 46.1% in children aged 31-36 months. Significant sex disparities were observed: boys had a higher prevalence of stunting (9.5% vs. 7.1%, p < 0.001), obesity (3.1% vs. 2.6%, p = 0.002), and were significantly more likely to experience critical neonatal events (7.5% vs. 5.7%, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This analysis documents a substantial prevalence of nutritional and developmental risk among children assessed through MIDO First Childhood, particularly among boys and in younger age groups. The implementation of the digital health strategy and the use of a standardized digital platform facilitates systematic identification of growth and developmental risks within primary healthcare settings. These findings provide descriptive evidence relevant for early screening and ongoing monitoring efforts in socioeconomically vulnerable populations in Mexico. FAU - Martinez-Silva, Gisela AU - Martinez-Silva G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1431-9410 AD - Carlos Slim Foundation, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Martinez-Juarez, Luis-Alberto AU - Martinez-Juarez LA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7550-7867 AD - Humanitarian and Conflict Response Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. FAU - Montoya, Alejandra AU - Montoya A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9466-8452 AD - Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health (INSP), Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico. airainmr@fundacioncarlosslim.org. FAU - Falcon-Lezama, Jorge-Abelardo AU - Falcon-Lezama JA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9081-4064 AD - Carlos Slim Foundation, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Alvarez-Hernandez, Diego-Abelardo AU - Alvarez-Hernandez DA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2340-6639 AD - Carlos Slim Foundation, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Camacho-More, Diana AU - Camacho-More D AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-6020-2850 AD - Carlos Slim Foundation, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Garcia-Cerde, Rodrigo AU - Garcia-Cerde R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9973-878X AD - Carlos Slim Foundation, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Mujica-Rosales, Ricardo AU - Mujica-Rosales R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6320-827X AD - Carlos Slim Foundation, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Saucedo-Martinez, Rodrigo AU - Saucedo-Martinez R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5849-693X AD - Carlos Slim Foundation, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Gallardo-Rincon, Hector AU - Gallardo-Rincon H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0811-4606 AD - University Center for Health Sciences (CUCS), University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. FAU - Tapia-Conyer, Roberto AU - Tapia-Conyer R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9425-7322 AD - Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260406 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Mexico/epidemiology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Vulnerable Populations/statistics & numerical data MH - *Child Development MH - Infant MH - Female MH - Primary Health Care MH - Anthropometry MH - Socioeconomic Factors PMC - PMC13192147 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Child development OT - Child, preschool OT - Community-based health assessment OT - Growth and development OT - Health status disparities OT - Medical informatics applications OT - Mexico OT - Nutritional status OT - Overweight and obesity OT - Primary healthcare COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study is a secondary analysis of de-identified operational data. According to the Mexican General Health Law on Health Research (Reglamento de la Ley General de Salud en Materia de Investigacion para la Salud), this study is classified as "Risk-Free" (Category I), as it relies on retrospective documentary research where sensitive data is protected. Therefore, a specific IRB approval for this manuscript or individual informed consent for research was not required by national regulations. The use of the platform is governed by institutional collaboration agreements that strictly ensure data confidentiality. The study adhered to the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki, particularly regarding the protection of anonymity, confidentiality, and the responsible handling of health information. Consent for publication: Not applicable. The study used anonymized, secondary data collected as part of routine health assessments. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/07 00:31 MHDA- 2026/06/27 12:37 PMCR- 2026/04/06 CRDT- 2026/04/06 23:44 PHST- 2025/11/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 12:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/07 00:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/06 23:44 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27181-y [pii] AID - 27181 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27181-y [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2026 Apr 6;26(1):1592. doi: 10.1186/s12889-026-27181-y. PMID- 41942730 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260925 LR - 20261009 IS - 1432-198X (Electronic) IS - 0931-041X (Print) IS - 0931-041X (Linking) VI - 41 IP - 11 DP - 2026 Nov TI - Physical activity among children and young people with chronic kidney diseases: a scoping review. PG - 3713-3747 LID - 10.1007/s00467-025-07142-0 [doi] AB - Promoting physical activity is a global initiative. However, published systematic syntheses regarding physical activity among children and young people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are limited. The aim of this review was to determine the evidence relating to physical activity among children and young people with CKD and identify research gaps. A comprehensive search across seven databases was conducted, and two reviewers screened and synthesised the data. Fifty-seven primary studies were included. Most studies were observational, conducted in Europe and North America, and focused on kidney transplant recipients. Physical activity levels measured by various parameters, tools, and reporting methods showed children with CKD had a lower or similar percentage of physical activity participation, intensity, frequency, duration, and overall activeness compared with healthy controls. Associations between physical activity and sex, age, CKD stages, and outcomes varied in size, direction, and strength among studies. No prospective longitudinal studies have examined the associations between physical activity and CKD progression. Nor did any explicitly describe children's/carer's experience of engaging in physical activity, although five qualitative studies reported impacts and adaptations in children with different CKD stages. Most interventions described were short-term (<6 months) home-based exercise training programmes incorporating endurance, resistance, or flexibility elements. In conclusion, evidence on physical activity in children with CKD is predominantly quantitative, cross-sectional, relying on self-reported data, and focusing primarily on adolescents and kidney transplant recipients. Further research should establish more precise physical activity estimates using validated, standardised measures across CKD stages and diverse populations. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Zhao, Rui AU - Zhao R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2699-1274 AD - Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1UD, UK. rui.zhao@bristol.ac.uk. FAU - Yu, Minghui AU - Yu M AD - Nephrology Department, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201102, China. FAU - Coward, Richard J M AU - Coward RJM AD - Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1UD, UK. FAU - Townsend, Nick AU - Townsend N AD - School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TZ, UK. FAU - Plumb, Lucy AU - Plumb L AD - Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1UD, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Scoping Review DEP - 20260406 PL - Germany TA - Pediatr Nephrol JT - Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) JID - 8708728 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - *Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/physiopathology/therapy MH - Adolescent MH - *Exercise/physiology MH - Kidney Transplantation MH - Evidence Gaps MH - Disease Progression MH - Exercise Therapy/methods PMC - PMC13612716 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent OT - Children OT - Chronic kidney disease OT - Physical activity OT - Scoping review COIS- Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/07 00:31 MHDA- 2026/09/25 05:31 PMCR- 2026/04/06 CRDT- 2026/04/06 23:21 PHST- 2025/08/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/12/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/12/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/25 05:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/07 00:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/06 23:21 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s00467-025-07142-0 [pii] AID - 7142 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00467-025-07142-0 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pediatr Nephrol. 2026 Nov;41(11):3713-3747. doi: 10.1007/s00467-025-07142-0. Epub 2026 Apr 6. PMID- 41942112 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260903 IS - 1929-0748 (Electronic) IS - 1929-0748 (Linking) VI - 15 DP - 2026 Apr 6 TI - Targeted Real-Time Assessment of Chronic Pain (TRAC-Pain) in Youth: Protocol for a Digital Biosignature Development Through a Prospective Observational Cohort Study. PG - e84781 LID - 10.2196/84781 [doi] LID - e84781 AB - BACKGROUND: Approximately 1 in 5 children and adolescents live with chronic pain, with musculoskeletal (MSK) pain being one of the most prevalent subtypes. Unfortunately, some studies show that less than half of youth (<18 years) experience improvements with existing evidence-based treatments. Self-report measures-the current gold standard for monitoring the pain experience-are limited in their use as a single point-of-care assessment and their vulnerability to recall bias. The ubiquitous adoption of wearable technology presents a promising solution for improved monitoring of the pain experience via real-time tracking through a multisystemic lens. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is (1) to develop a digital biosignature of the pain experience in youth with chronic MSK pain and (2) to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and appropriateness of the captured data for future applications. METHODS: All aspects of this study were designed in partnership with people with lived experience and patient advocacy partners. This is a longitudinal observational cohort study, with all study activities taking place remotely over a 12-week period. Up to 500 youth (between 14 and 24 years old) with chronic MSK pain will be enrolled through a multipronged recruitment strategy to ensure a representative sample. The participants will wear an Apple Watch throughout the study to continuously monitor physiological, sleep, and physical activity metrics. In addition, participants will complete brief "daily check-in" surveys that include gold-standard measures of the pain experience (eg, pain interference, mood, fatigue) and the option to report a "pain flare" (ie, a temporary but noticeable worsening of the usual pain symptoms). Participants will also complete a modified online Trier Social Stress Test and a 30-second sit-to-stand task to capture individual responses to standardized challenges. Traditional machine learning and deep representation learning methods will be used to develop a digital biosignature of the pain experience. The accuracy of the biosignature will be assessed through measures of model performance as compared to gold-standard self-reports. RESULTS: This study was funded in September 2024, with data collection beginning in March 2025. As of December 15, 2025, 190 participants are enrolled, with data collection and analysis ongoing. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to leverage wearable health technology for real-time monitoring of the pain experience in youth with chronic MSK pain. The resulting digital end points are expected to heighten the rigor of clinical trials and provide opportunities for individually tailored interventions. The second phase of this study will investigate the implementation of "wellness alerts" triggered by abnormal smartwatch readings. Alerts would empower users toward preemptive self-management strategies, thereby enhancing self-efficacy in those living with chronic MSK pain. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/84781. CI - (c)Anna H Bailes, Chi-Hung Shu, Alan Chang, Sahrish Masood, Nicole Jehl, Aliyah Davis, Jeremy Giberson, Casey Cashman, Allison Hill, Javed Gill, Ryan S McGinnis, Ellen W McGinnis, Nima Aghaeepour, Laura E Simons. Originally published in JMIR Research Protocols (https://www.researchprotocols.org), 06.04.2026. FAU - Bailes, Anna H AU - Bailes AH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8659-2729 AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States. FAU - Shu, Chi-Hung AU - Shu CH AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-3486-8856 AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States. FAU - Chang, Alan AU - Chang A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1716-0134 AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States. FAU - Masood, Sahrish AU - Masood S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-3572-9598 AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States. FAU - Jehl, Nicole AU - Jehl N AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-6164-1420 AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States. FAU - Davis, Aliyah AU - Davis A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-6265-7716 AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States. FAU - Giberson, Jeremy AU - Giberson J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6001-0372 AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States. FAU - Cashman, Casey AU - Cashman C AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-0576-1548 AD - US Pain Foundation, West Hartford, CT, United States. AD - Patient and Pain Advocacy Partner, Palo Alto, CA, United States. FAU - Hill, Allison AU - Hill A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1166-0042 AD - Patient and Pain Advocacy Partner, Palo Alto, CA, United States. AD - Division of Cardiology, Heart Institute, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States. FAU - Gill, Javed AU - Gill J AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-1460-8011 AD - Patient and Pain Advocacy Partner, Palo Alto, CA, United States. FAU - McGinnis, Ryan S AU - McGinnis RS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8396-6967 AD - Biomedical Engineering and Center for Remote Health Monitoring, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States. FAU - McGinnis, Ellen W AU - McGinnis EW AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8566-2289 AD - Social Sciences and Health Policy and Center for Remote Monitoring, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States. FAU - Aghaeepour, Nima AU - Aghaeepour N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6117-8764 AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States. FAU - Simons, Laura E AU - Simons LE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3395-9483 AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States. LA - eng GR - UG3 NS139943/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States GR - K24 AR078945/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/United States GR - T90 HD118400/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural DEP - 20260406 PL - Canada TA - JMIR Res Protoc JT - JMIR research protocols JID - 101599504 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Chronic Pain/diagnosis MH - Adolescent MH - Prospective Studies MH - *Pain Measurement/methods/instrumentation MH - Female MH - Wearable Electronic Devices MH - Male MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Musculoskeletal Pain/diagnosis MH - Digital Health MH - Child PMC - PMC13096771 OTO - NOTNLM OT - biosignature OT - musculoskeletal pain OT - pediatrics OT - wearable electronic devices COIS- Conflicts of Interest: None declared. EDAT- 2026/04/07 00:31 MHDA- 2026/04/07 00:32 PMCR- 2026/04/06 CRDT- 2026/04/06 19:54 PHST- 2025/09/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/12/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/12/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/07 00:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/07 00:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/06 19:54 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v15i1e84781 [pii] AID - 10.2196/84781 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JMIR Res Protoc. 2026 Apr 6;15:e84781. doi: 10.2196/84781. PMID- 41941459 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260813 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 4 DP - 2026 TI - Determinants of stunting among 0-59 months children in Lesotho: A multilevel analysis of 2023/24 Demographic and Health Survey. PG - e0342073 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0342073 [doi] LID - e0342073 AB - BACKGROUND: Stunting is height for age below minus 2 standard deviations of the World Health Organization standard. It affected more than one-third of children in Lesotho. Few studies applied multilevel model to identify individual, household, and community-level determinants. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and multilevel determinants of stunting among children aged 0-59 months in Lesotho using data from the 2023/24 Demographic and Health Survey. METHODS: We included a weighted 1,488 children aged 0-59 months across 400 enumeration areas. The weighted prevalence of stunting was determined. Individual and community level determinants of stunting were identified at a 0.05 level of significance. Models were compared using Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC), and Proportional Change in Variance (PCV). RESULTS: Prevalence of stunting was 35.59% (95% CI: 33.20-38.06). Its determinants were male (AOR = 1.41; 95% CI: 1.09-1.82), age 12-23 months (AOR = 2.44; 95% CI: 1.48-4.14) and 24-59 months (AOR = 1.98; 95% CI: 1.20-3.24), 4-7 birth order (AOR = 1.43; 95% CI: 1.01-2.03), and poor (AOR = 2.58; 95% CI: 1.85-3.59) and middle wealth index (AOR = 2.03; 95% CI: 1.37-3.03). Qacha's Nek, Thaba-Tseka, Mohale's Hoek, and Quthing have a higher prevalence of stunting. CONCLUSION: 35.59% of children 0-59 months in Lesotho are stunted. Its determinants were male, age 12-23 and 24-59 months, poor and middle wealth, and higher birth order. Ministry of Health, Non-governmental organizations, and community health workers should therefore strengthen age-specific, equity-driven nutrition programs. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Solbana et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Solbana, Lencho Kajela AU - Solbana LK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3155-9363 AD - School of Public Health, Wollega University, Nekemte, Oromia, Ethiopia. FAU - Belay Keno, Firezer AU - Belay Keno F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7111-4521 AD - School of Public Health, Wollega University, Nekemte, Oromia, Ethiopia. FAU - Negera, Atoma AU - Negera A AD - Department of Nursing, Mattu University, Mattu, Oromia, Ethiopia. FAU - Kejela, Baru Legesse AU - Kejela BL AD - Wollega University comprehensive specialized hospital, Wollega University, Nekemte, Oromia, Ethiopia. FAU - Desalegn, Markos AU - Desalegn M AD - School of Public Health, Wollega University, Nekemte, Oromia, Ethiopia. FAU - Merdassa, Emiru AU - Merdassa E AD - School of Public Health, Wollega University, Nekemte, Oromia, Ethiopia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260406 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Lesotho/epidemiology MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - *Growth Disorders/epidemiology MH - Child, Preschool MH - Male MH - Female MH - Health Surveys MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Prevalence MH - Multilevel Analysis PMC - PMC13052845 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/04/06 18:33 MHDA- 2026/04/06 18:34 PMCR- 2026/04/06 CRDT- 2026/04/06 13:33 PHST- 2025/08/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/01/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/06 18:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/06 18:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/06 13:33 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-25-42093 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0342073 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 Apr 6;21(4):e0342073. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0342073. eCollection 2026. PMID- 41939504 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260813 IS - 1986-5961 (Electronic) IS - 0350-199X (Print) IS - 0350-199X (Linking) VI - 80 IP - 1 DP - 2026 TI - Predictors of a Depression Indicator in a Large Public Dataset: Logistic Regression and Neural Network Comparison. PG - 63-67 LID - 10.5455/medarh.2026.80.63-67 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Depression ranks among the five leading disability causes. The research associations with depression include many demographic, lifestyle and health-related measures. These factors and depression probably interact with each other. OBJECTIVES: The objectives of the study are to describe the characteristics of the participants, to examine the bivariate association between a proxy of depression and the study variables, to identify independent predictors with the help of a logistic regression model, and to evaluate a neural network classification model. METHODS: A cross-sectional secondary analysis of a publicly available dataset N = 50000 was conducted. Depression indicator (Yes/No) is outcome variable. A neural network of the multilayer perceptron type (15 inputs, a hidden layer with. RESULTS: Depression indicator in 40.7% of participants. In bivariable analyses, physical activity, alcohol consumption, dietary habits, family history of depression, and chronic medical conditions showed statistically significant but small differences. Income (p = 0.239) and number of children (p = 0.078) did not differ between groups. CONCLUSION: There was a modest association with depression index and poor discrimination by neural networks. In performing a classification relating to depression using machine learning one must use assessments with validated outcomes and employ class-sensitive performance assessment. CI - (c) 2026 Ibrahim Abdul Jaleel Yamani, Izzeldeen Abdullah Alnaimi, Ahed J. Alkhatib. FAU - Yamani, Ibrahim Abdul Jaleel AU - Yamani IAJ AD - Department of Psychology, College of Social Sciences, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. AD - Department of Legal Medicine, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology (retired). Amman, Jordan. FAU - Alnaimi, Izzeldeen Abdullah AU - Alnaimi IA AD - Department of Psychology, College of Social Sciences, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. AD - Department of Legal Medicine, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology (retired). Amman, Jordan. FAU - Alkhatib, Ahed J AU - Alkhatib AJ AD - Department of Psychology, College of Social Sciences, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. AD - Department of Legal Medicine, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology (retired). Amman, Jordan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - Bosnia and Herzegovina TA - Med Arch JT - Medical archives (Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina) JID - 101635337 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Depression/epidemiology/diagnosis MH - Logistic Models MH - *Neural Networks, Computer MH - Female MH - Male MH - Multilayer Perceptrons MH - Adult MH - Classification Algorithms MH - Predictive Learning Models MH - Prediction Algorithms MH - Life Style MH - Secondary Data Analysis MH - Risk Factors PMC - PMC13049475 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Classification performance OT - Depression OT - Lifestyle factors OT - Logistic regression OT - Neural network COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/06 12:36 MHDA- 2026/04/06 12:37 PMCR- 2026/01/01 CRDT- 2026/04/06 06:18 PHST- 2026/01/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/06 12:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/06 12:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/06 06:18 [entrez] PHST- 2026/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - medarch-80-1-63 [pii] AID - 10.5455/medarh.2026.80.63-67 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Med Arch. 2026;80(1):63-67. doi: 10.5455/medarh.2026.80.63-67. PMID- 41938950 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260727 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Development and implementation of a MediaPipe-based AI teaching-learning model in school physical education for health promotion. PG - 1786427 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1786427 [doi] LID - 1786427 AB - INTRODUCTION: Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are increasingly used in school physical education (PE) to provide real-time feedback and support instruction that promotes youth physical activity and health. However, many AI applications remain top-down and expert-driven, focusing on technical validation in controlled settings and paying little attention to everyday school contexts or the needs of lower-fitness students. This study aimed to develop and implement a MediaPipe-based AI teaching-learning program for health-oriented middle school PE. METHODS: A participatory action research (PAR) design with rapid prototyping was conducted over three months in one public middle school. PE teachers and 9th-grade students participated as co-researchers and co-developers. A web-based program using MediaPipe Pose was iteratively designed to recognize selected fitness movements and provide immediate visual and auditory feedback, with QR-code access and automatic logging. Data from semi-structured group interviews, observations, teachers' reflective journals, and student-created artifacts were analyzed using thematic analysis. RESULTS: Across three PAR cycles, the prototype evolved from a simple elbow-angle counter into a system that incorporated body alignment, tracking for isometric exercises, multimodal feedback, and automatic data recording. Teachers used the program to design lesson-specific recognition rules, monitor students' exercise participation, and support individual growth. Students deepened their understanding of exercise principles and engaged in computational thinking while experimenting with movements and refining feedback conditions. CONCLUSIONS: A participatory, school-based approach enabled MediaPipe-based pose estimation to be reconfigured into a pedagogically meaningful, health-oriented program for middle school PE, suggesting that AI-supported PE can contribute to more inclusive, data-supported school health promotion. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Kim, Kwon, Cho and Kang. FAU - Kim, Donghyun AU - Kim D AD - Department of Physical Education, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kwon, Yongchul AU - Kwon Y AD - Department of Physical Education, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea. FAU - Cho, Gunsang AU - Cho G AD - Department of Physical Education, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kang, Minseo AU - Kang M AD - Department of Physical Education, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea. LA - eng PT - Evaluation Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260320 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *School Health Services MH - *Physical Education and Training/methods MH - Male MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Program Evaluation MH - Health Plan Implementation MH - *Computer-Assisted Instruction/methods MH - *Artificial Intelligence MH - School Teachers/psychology MH - Students/psychology PMC - PMC13048069 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Mediapipe OT - artificial intelligence OT - computational thinking OT - participatory action research OT - physical education OT - real-time pose estimation OT - school health promotion COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/06 12:36 MHDA- 2026/04/06 12:37 PMCR- 2026/03/20 CRDT- 2026/04/06 06:14 PHST- 2026/01/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/06 12:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/06 12:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/06 06:14 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1786427 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2026 Mar 20;14:1786427. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1786427. eCollection 2026. PMID- 41938180 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260406 LR - 20260813 IS - 1179-1411 (Print) IS - 1179-1411 (Electronic) IS - 1179-1411 (Linking) VI - 18 DP - 2026 TI - Prediction of Recurrence After Endometrial Polypectomy in Women of Childbearing Age Based on Machine Learning Algorithm. PG - 591932 LID - 10.2147/IJWH.S591932 [doi] LID - 591932 AB - OBJECTIVE: Research on machine learning (ML) prediction models for recurrence after endometrial polypectomy remains unexplored. In this study, we aim to establish an ML-driven model based on multi-biomarkers to predict recurrence after endometrial polypectomy. METHODS: A retrospective cohort of 606 patients who underwent endometrial polypectomy was analyzed. Variables including age, BMI, reproductive history, prior uterine surgery, coexisting uterine disorders, polyp characteristics, and routine blood indices were extracted. Seven ML algorithms (logistic regression, SVM, MLP, random forest, KNN, Naive Bayes, and decision tree) were trained using 10-fold cross-validation. Performance was evaluated by AUC, accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and F1 score. RESULTS: Of the 606 patients, 179 (29.5%) developed recurrence within one year postoperatively. The cohort was randomly divided into a training set (n = 424) and a validation set (n = 182). In the training set, the random forest (RF) algorithm achieved the best performance (AUC = 0.838, accuracy = 79.5%, specificity = 0.930, F1 score = 0.576). In the validation set, RF remained superior (AUC = 0.760, accuracy = 75.3%, specificity = 0.875, F1 score = 0.526), underscoring its strong generalizability. SHAP analysis identified age, posterior-wall polyp location, prior uterine surgery, histopathological subtype, and hemoglobin level as the most influential predictors of recurrence. CONCLUSION: The RF-based model, using demographic, clinical, and hematologic features, showed high accuracy in predicting recurrence risk after endometrial polypectomy. This interpretable ML framework can help clinicians identify high-risk patients early and personalize postoperative surveillance. CI - (c) 2026 Chen et al. FAU - Chen, Xiangyu AU - Chen X AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China. FAU - Chen, Guange AU - Chen G AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China. FAU - Bao, Dandan AU - Bao D AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China. FAU - Liu, Jianfei AU - Liu J AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China. FAU - Zhang, Xinxin AU - Zhang X AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260330 PL - New Zealand TA - Int J Womens Health JT - International journal of women's health JID - 101531698 PMC - PMC13048102 OTO - NOTNLM OT - endometrial polypectomy OT - machine learning OT - prediction model OT - recurrence COIS- The authors declare that they do not have any commercial or associative interest that represents a conflict of interest in connection with the work submitted. EDAT- 2026/04/06 12:36 MHDA- 2026/04/06 12:37 PMCR- 2026/03/30 CRDT- 2026/04/06 06:08 PHST- 2025/12/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/06 12:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/06 12:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/06 06:08 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 591932 [pii] AID - 10.2147/IJWH.S591932 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Womens Health. 2026 Mar 30;18:591932. doi: 10.2147/IJWH.S591932. eCollection 2026. PMID- 41938021 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260406 LR - 20260813 IS - 2624-9367 (Electronic) IS - 2624-9367 (Linking) VI - 8 DP - 2026 TI - Advancing physical literacy measurement in early childhood: psychometric properties of a novel assessment and profiling method and its relationship with physical activity. PG - 1773645 LID - 10.3389/fspor.2026.1773645 [doi] LID - 1773645 AB - INTRODUCTION: Physical literacy provides a compelling framework for understanding young children's skills, attitudes, and behaviours in relation to movement and physical activity. Assessment represents a crucial step for establishing conceptual and practical relevance. However, there is limited evidence to support how this multidimensional construct can be meaningfully assessed in early childhood, constraining both research advancement and applied intervention. METHODS: This mixed-methods study primarily aims to establish evidence for the Physical Literacy Early Years (PLEY) Wheel, a novel assessment approach assessing physical, social, cognitive, and affective skills and behaviours in children aged 3-5 years. 234 children (74% White British; age 3.84 +/- 0.70 years; 51% girls, IMD decile 3.70 +/- 3.0) and 17 educators (88% female) from 15 early education settings participated across a multi-phase study design. Secondary analyses examine associations with key variables, including device-based measured physical activity, and explore profile-based representations to support interpretation. RESULTS: The PLEY Wheel provides a valid, reliable, and practical approach to benchmarking and profiling physical literacy in early childhood. The results showed that physical literacy increased with age, with girls scoring higher in cognitive and social domains, and children with special education needs or disabilities demonstrating lower physical literacy and physical activity. Physical activity varied widely within and between early education settings and was associated with physical literacy. Five profiles were identified, based on domain strengths and weaknesses, that were sensitive to age, sex, and socio-economic context, but did not strongly differentiate physical activity levels. DISCUSSION: These findings advance the understanding of physical activity and physical literacy in 3-5-year-old children and highlight the potential of a child-centred, data-led approach. Establishing a valid and reliable assessment tool for early childhood provides a methodological foundation for examining how physical literacy manifests, relates to physical activity, and can be meaningfully interpreted to support early intervention. CI - (c) 2026 Weir, Tyler, Pringle and Roscoe. FAU - Weir, Natalie AU - Weir N AD - Clinical Exercise Rehabilitation Research Centre, School of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Derby, Derby, United Kingdom. FAU - Tyler, Richard AU - Tyler R AD - Sport, Physical Activity, Health, and Wellbeing Research Group, International Centre for Applied Research with Children, Young People, Pregnant Women and Families (iCARE), Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, United Kingdom. FAU - Pringle, Andy AU - Pringle A AD - Clinical Exercise Rehabilitation Research Centre, School of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Derby, Derby, United Kingdom. FAU - Roscoe, Clare M P AU - Roscoe CMP AD - Clinical Exercise Rehabilitation Research Centre, School of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Derby, Derby, United Kingdom. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260319 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Sports Act Living JT - Frontiers in sports and active living JID - 101765780 PMC - PMC13044117 OTO - NOTNLM OT - assessment OT - early years OT - education OT - physical activity OT - physical literacy OT - pre-school OT - psychometrics COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/06 12:36 MHDA- 2026/04/06 12:37 PMCR- 2026/03/19 CRDT- 2026/04/06 06:06 PHST- 2025/12/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/06 12:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/06 12:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/06 06:06 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fspor.2026.1773645 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Sports Act Living. 2026 Mar 19;8:1773645. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2026.1773645. eCollection 2026. PMID- 41937997 OWN - NLM STAT- In-Process DCOM- 20260406 LR - 20260813 IS - 2352-0132 (Electronic) IS - 2096-6296 (Print) IS - 2352-0132 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Mar TI - Effects of family-based nursing interventions on mothers' knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy related to stunting prevention in Indonesia: A quasi-experimental study. PG - 113-121 LID - 10.1016/j.ijnss.2026.02.008 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of family-based nursing interventions in improving mothers' knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy to prevent stunting among children under 2 years of age in Indonesia. METHODS: A quasi-experimental study was conducted from June to December 2024 in Alor District, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Sixty mothers of children aged 0-24 months were recruited using convenience sampling and assigned to either an intervention group (n = 30) or a control group (n = 30). The intervention group received seven structured sessions of a family-based nursing intervention grounded in Family-Centered Care and Social Cognitive Theory. In contrast, the control group received routine health education from local community health centers. Knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy were measured using validated questionnaires at baseline, post-intervention, and a three-month follow-up. Data were analyzed using independent-sample t-tests and a mixed repeated-measures analysis of variance. RESULTS: All 60 participants completed the study. Independent-sample t-tests revealed no significant differences between the two groups at baseline for knowledge (t = -0.682, P = 0.498), attitudes (t = 0.655, P = 0.515), and self-efficacy (t = 1.671, P = 0.100). A mixed repeated-measures analysis of variance demonstrated significant group, time, and group x time effects on knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy (all P < 0.001). Pairwise comparison revealed that the scores at post-intervention and three-month follow-up were significantly higher in the intervention group for all three variables (all P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The family-based nursing intervention effectively enhanced maternal knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy regarding stunting prevention. These findings underscore the importance of incorporating structured, family-centered interventions into community-based public health programs to reduce the risk of stunting. CI - (c) 2026 The Authors. FAU - Setiawan, Agus AU - Setiawan A AD - Department of Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia. FAU - Syamsir, Syamikar Baridwan AU - Syamsir SB AD - Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia. FAU - Rahmadiyah, Dwi Cahya AU - Rahmadiyah DC AD - Department of Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia. FAU - Astuti AU - Astuti AD - Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia. FAU - Atamou, Lasarus AU - Atamou L AD - Department of Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia. FAU - Talilah, Randy AU - Talilah R AD - Department of Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia. FAU - Shorey, Shefaly AU - Shorey S AD - Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Pasir Panjang, Singapore. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260209 PL - China TA - Int J Nurs Sci JT - International journal of nursing sciences JID - 101660887 PMC - PMC13044360 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Attitudes OT - Family nursing OT - Indonesia OT - Knowledge OT - Self-efficacy OT - Stunting COIS- The authors have declared no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/06 12:36 MHDA- 2026/04/06 12:37 PMCR- 2026/02/09 CRDT- 2026/04/06 06:06 PHST- 2025/04/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/01/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/06 12:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/06 12:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/06 06:06 [entrez] PHST- 2026/02/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2352-0132(26)00024-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ijnss.2026.02.008 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Nurs Sci. 2026 Feb 9;13(2):113-121. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnss.2026.02.008. eCollection 2026 Mar. PMID- 41937899 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260406 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-2360 (Print) IS - 2296-2360 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2360 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Preoperative nutritional risk and adverse perioperative outcomes in children with congenital choledochal cysts: a retrospective cohort study. PG - 1773325 LID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1773325 [doi] LID - 1773325 AB - BACKGROUND: Congenital choledochal cysts (CCC) are rare biliary anomalies associated with significant morbidity. The impact of preoperative nutritional status on surgical outcomes in pediatric CCC patients remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate this relationship, using a validated nutritional risk screening tool to stratify patients. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of pediatric patients who underwent CCC excision with Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy at a single center between January 2011 and September 2025. Nutritional risk was assessed within 24 h of admission using the Screening Tool for Risk on Nutritional Status and Growth (STRONG(kids)). Patients were categorized into moderate malnutrition risk group (MR) and high malnutrition risk group (HR). Propensity score matching (PSM) was employed to balance baseline characteristics. Perioperative outcomes were compared between groups. RESULTS: Among 208 included patients, 107 were stratified as HR and 101 as MR before PSM. After PSM, 91 matched pairs were analyzed. The HR group had significantly lower weight-for-age (WAZ), height-for-age (HAZ), and BMI-for-age z-scores (BAZ), along with lower preoperative hemoglobin, albumin, total protein, and higher bilirubin and GGT levels. Postoperatively, the HR group experienced longer abdominal drainage duration, delayed gastrointestinal recovery, higher inflammatory markers (WBC, CRP), worse liver function markers, and lower albumin and lymphocyte counts. The overall complication rate was significantly higher in the HR group, primarily driven by a greater incidence of cholangitis. CONCLUSION: Preoperative high nutritional risk, identified by the STRONG(kids) screening tool, is strongly associated with adverse perioperative outcomes in children undergoing CCC surgery. Routine nutritional screening may facilitate risk stratification and guide preoperative optimization. CI - (c) 2026 Liu, Wang, Li, Zhang, Han, Sun, Xu, Ren, Wang, Wang and Li. FAU - Liu, Xiaoyang AU - Liu X AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China. FAU - Wang, Yixuan AU - Wang Y AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China. FAU - Li, Jiamin AU - Li J AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China. FAU - Zhang, Yujie AU - Zhang Y AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China. FAU - Han, Jichang AU - Han J AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China. FAU - Sun, Dong AU - Sun D AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China. FAU - Xu, Qiongqian AU - Xu Q AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China. FAU - Ren, Xue AU - Ren X AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China. FAU - Wang, Dongming AU - Wang D AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China. FAU - Wang, Jian AU - Wang J AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China. FAU - Li, Aiwu AU - Li A AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260320 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Pediatr JT - Frontiers in pediatrics JID - 101615492 PMC - PMC13046502 OTO - NOTNLM OT - STRONGkids OT - children OT - congenital choledochal cyst OT - nutritional risk OT - perioperative outcomes COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/06 12:35 MHDA- 2026/04/06 12:36 PMCR- 2026/03/20 CRDT- 2026/04/06 06:05 PHST- 2026/01/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/06 12:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/06 12:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/06 06:05 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fped.2026.1773325 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Pediatr. 2026 Mar 20;14:1773325. doi: 10.3389/fped.2026.1773325. eCollection 2026. PMID- 41937509 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260609 LR - 20260813 IS - 1536-4801 (Electronic) IS - 0277-2116 (Print) IS - 0277-2116 (Linking) VI - 82 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Longitudinal performance of vibration controlled transient elastography in pediatric metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease. PG - 1366-1372 LID - 10.1002/jpn3.70423 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: Vibration controlled transient elastography (VCTE) is increasingly used to monitor metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), yet optimal interpretation of serial controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) and liver stiffness measurements (LSMs) in children is undefined. We aimed to characterize longitudinal trends in CAP and LSM and assess whether changes in these measures reflect validated measures of disease regression or progression. METHODS: Longitudinal retrospective study of youth with MASLD who underwent >/=2 VCTE studies. Disease regression and progression were defined using categorical and continuous changes in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) previously linked to histologic improvement or worsening. Spaghetti plots illustrated trends over time, while longitudinal linear mixed-effects models and proportional odds mixed models assessed associations between CAP, LSM, and liver enzyme outcomes. RESULTS: The cohort included 149 children (72% male, 43% Hispanic) with a mean age of 14 +/- 4 years and a mean follow-up of 1.4 years. CAP and LSM showed marked intraindividual variability. Independent predictors of CAP change included age, body mass index (BMI) percentile, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c); predictors of LSM change included ALT, BMI, and HbA1c. Changes in CAP and LSM did not predict categorical outcomes of ALT and GGT reduction, however were significantly positively associated with continuous ALT and GGT outcomes, independent of BMI percentile. CONCLUSIONS: Longitudinal VCTE in pediatric MASLD has the potential to identify disease progression. The intraindividual variability of CAP and LSM may limit the ability to detect short-term regression or progression, highlighting the need for more precise noninvasive biomarkers for pediatric MASLD. CI - (c) 2026 European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition and North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition. FAU - Diop-West, Naima AU - Diop-West N AD - Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. FAU - Denson, Nicholas AU - Denson N AD - Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. FAU - Arce-Clachar, Ana Catalina AU - Arce-Clachar AC AD - Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. AD - University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. FAU - Bonn, Julie AU - Bonn J AD - Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. AD - University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. FAU - Bramlage, Kristin AU - Bramlage K AD - Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. FAU - Leesman, Lisa AU - Leesman L AD - Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. FAU - Sahay, Rashmi D AU - Sahay RD AD - Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. FAU - Gecili, Emrah AU - Gecili E AD - University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. AD - Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. FAU - Trout, Andrew T AU - Trout AT AD - University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. AD - Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. FAU - Xanthakos, Stavra AU - Xanthakos S AD - Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. AD - University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. FAU - Mouzaki, Marialena AU - Mouzaki M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9809-6199 AD - Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. AD - University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. LA - eng GR - P30 DK078392/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260406 PL - United States TA - J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr JT - Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition JID - 8211545 RN - EC 2.3.2.2 (gamma-Glutamyltransferase) RN - EC 2.6.1.2 (Alanine Transaminase) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Elasticity Imaging Techniques/methods MH - Male MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Female MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - Disease Progression MH - Vibration MH - *Liver/diagnostic imaging/pathology MH - *Fatty Liver/diagnostic imaging MH - gamma-Glutamyltransferase/blood MH - Alanine Transaminase/blood PMC - PMC13344883 MID - NIHMS2182512 OTO - NOTNLM OT - FibroScan OT - children OT - fatty liver OT - outcome COIS- Conflicts of interest and sources of funding: No conflicts. This work was supported by NIH grant P30 DK078392 (Clinical Component) of the Digestive Diseases Research Core Center in Cincinnati EDAT- 2026/04/06 06:30 MHDA- 2026/06/10 06:53 PMCR- 2026/07/08 CRDT- 2026/04/06 03:32 PHST- 2026/01/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/10/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/10 06:53 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/06 06:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/06 03:32 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1002/jpn3.70423 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2026 Jun;82(6):1366-1372. doi: 10.1002/jpn3.70423. Epub 2026 Apr 6. PMID- 41937219 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260520 LR - 20260813 IS - 2055-5784 (Print) IS - 2055-5784 (Electronic) IS - 2055-5784 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 6 TI - A machine learning approach to using ultrasound for body composition and nutritional status assessment in newborns: a pilot study protocol. LID - 10.1186/s40814-026-01814-w [doi] LID - 74 AB - BACKGROUND: Accurate assessment of infant body composition, specifically fat and fat-free mass, is crucial for evaluating growth and nutritional status. Existing methods, such as air displacement plethysmography and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, are expensive, require specialized facilities, and demand trained personnel. Ultrasound offers a promising alternative as a portable, low-cost tool capable of distinguishing adipose tissue from skeletal muscle. However, its feasibility for widespread use in diverse clinical settings remains uncertain. This pilot study aims to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and reliability of an ultrasound scanning protocol for measuring body composition in infants while establishing a foundation for artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled analysis to enable whole-body composition estimation from ultrasound images. METHODS: We will recruit 50 infants (20 preterm and 30 full-term infants) from two sites: Brigham and Women's Hospital (Boston, MA, USA) and Jimma Medical Center (Jimma, Ethiopia). Feasibility will be assessed through metrics such as recruitment rates, scan completion, and session duration. Acceptability will be measured using clinician feedback, and reliability will be evaluated using intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) for ultrasound image acquisition. A comprehensive database of ultrasound images and corresponding body composition metrics will be developed, forming the foundation for training AI models. Preliminary machine learning (ML) models, including convolutional neural networks (CNN), will be developed to predict body composition. The accuracy of these models will be evaluated using metrics such as root mean squared error (RMSE), mean absolute percent error (MAPE), mean absolute error (MAE), and mean squared error (MSE). DISCUSSION: This study will determine the feasibility of integrating ultrasound-based body composition assessment into neonatal clinical workflows as a potential future application. We will evaluate protocol adherence, scan reliability, and clinician and family acceptability to guide further protocol optimization. Findings will inform the design of a larger-scale study and contribute to refining AI models for clinical use. Ultimately, this approach aims to improve the accessibility, accuracy, and efficiency of body composition assessments, particularly in low-resource settings, where it could enable frontline healthcare workers to perform these assessments without specialized training, improving care for vulnerable infants. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Ranger, Bryan J AU - Ranger BJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4774-3587 AD - Department of Engineering, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467, USA. bryan.ranger@bc.edu. AD - William F. Connell School of Nursing, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA. bryan.ranger@bc.edu. FAU - Albert, Marisa AU - Albert M AD - William F. Connell School of Nursing, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA. FAU - Kim, Ji In AU - Kim JI AD - William F. Connell School of Nursing, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA. FAU - Cho, Hayoung AU - Cho H AD - Department of Engineering, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467, USA. FAU - Hohenberg, Julie AU - Hohenberg J AD - Department of Computer Science, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA. FAU - He, Keshi AU - He K AD - Department of Engineering, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467, USA. FAU - Wei, Donglai AU - Wei D AD - Department of Computer Science, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA. FAU - Berhane, Melkamu AU - Berhane M AD - Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia. FAU - Girma, Tsinuel AU - Girma T AD - Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia. FAU - Estroff, Judy AU - Estroff J AD - Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. AD - Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Bell, Katherine A AU - Bell KA AD - Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Park, Jinhee AU - Park J AD - William F. Connell School of Nursing, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260406 PL - England TA - Pilot Feasibility Stud JT - Pilot and feasibility studies JID - 101676536 PMC - PMC13188397 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Body composition OT - Malnutrition OT - Newborn and child health OT - Nutritional assessment OT - Pediatrics OT - Ultrasound COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical approval has been obtained from the Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) of Boston College, Mass General Brigham (protocol #2023P000325), and Jimma University, as well as the Ethiopian Ministry of Education National Research Ethics Review Committee (protocol #17/242/731/23) to safeguard participant rights throughout the study. Written informed consent will be obtained from the parents or legal guardians of all participants prior to enrollment in the study. All data will be collected and handled in accordance with ethical guidelines to ensure participant confidentiality throughout the study. Consent for publication: Not applicable. The manuscript does not contain individual person's data in any form, including details, images or videos. Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/06 00:31 MHDA- 2026/04/06 00:32 PMCR- 2026/04/06 CRDT- 2026/04/05 23:45 PHST- 2024/11/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/06 00:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/06 00:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/05 23:45 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s40814-026-01814-w [pii] AID - 1814 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s40814-026-01814-w [doi] PST - epublish SO - Pilot Feasibility Stud. 2026 Apr 6;12(1):74. doi: 10.1186/s40814-026-01814-w. PMID- 41937155 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260520 LR - 20260813 IS - 2050-2974 (Print) IS - 2050-2974 (Electronic) IS - 2050-2974 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 5 TI - Illness severity, treatment motivation and personality as predictors for the treatment outcome in adolescents and young adults with anorexia nervosa. LID - 10.1186/s40337-026-01598-7 [doi] LID - 121 AB - BACKGROUND: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a severe psychiatric disorder with high chronicity, particularly affecting adolescents. Existing treatments for adolescents do not always lead to full recovery. Recently, the developmentally adapted Maudsley Model of Anorexia Nervosa Treatment for Adolescents (MANTRa) has emerged as a promising alternative, warranting investigation into its outcome predictors. METHODS: This secondary analysis is based on data from a multi-center cohort study conducted in several Austrian clinical settings. The study included 92 participants aged 13-21 years diagnosed with AN who received MANTRa (n = 45) or treatment-as-usual (TAU, n = 47). Statistical analyses focused on identifying baseline predictors and moderators of treatment success (change in eating disorder symptomatology) for the MANTRa and TAU groups at end-of-treatment and 18-month-follow-up. In addition to univariate linear regression models associating various predictor variables (BMI, eating disorder severity, depressive symptoms, weight suppression, illness duration, age of onset, motivation for change, and personality traits) with the long-term eating disorder outcome, we used a cluster analysis approach to categorize patients into high vs. low illness severity and "favorable" vs. "unfavorable" treatment motivation/personality profiles. Differences between clusters regarding treatment outcome were explored further. RESULTS: In the MANTRa group, none of the examined baseline variables significantly predicted outcomes at 18-month follow-up in univariate models. In contrast, in the TAU group, higher initial eating-disorder psychopathology and lower motivation were associated with poorer outcomes. In MANTRa, there was a trend suggesting that patients with both high and low baseline illness severity, as well as those with unfavorable and favorable motivation/personality profiles, demonstrated sustained symptom reduction. By contrast, in the TAU group, sustained improvements were observed primarily among patients with low baseline illness severity and a favorable motivation/personality profile, whereas those with high illness severity and an unfavorable profile tended to show less benefit. CONCLUSIONS: These results provide preliminary evidence for MANTRa as an effective, individualized treatment for adolescents with AN, including those exhibiting severe pathology, low baseline motivation and personality traits, e.g. low self-directedness, high harm avoidance and low cooperativeness. Future randomized controlled trials comparing MANTRa with established treatments are warranted to validate these findings and refine patient selection criteria. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The original trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (Identifier NCT03535714). CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Kopp, Konstantin AU - Kopp K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4841-8118 AD - Eating Disorder Unit, Department for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Truttmann, Stefanie AU - Truttmann S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7374-4559 AD - Eating Disorder Unit, Department for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Wittek, Tanja AU - Wittek T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7358-4842 AD - Eating Disorder Unit, Department for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Klang, Julia AU - Klang J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0992-6865 AD - Eating Disorder Unit, Department for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Krauss, Helene AU - Krauss H AD - Eating Disorder Unit, Department for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Aichinger, Carina AU - Aichinger C AD - Eating Disorder Unit, Department for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Kostner, Isolde AU - Kostner I AD - Eating Disorder Unit, Department for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Schmidt, Ulrike AU - Schmidt U AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1335-1937 AD - Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. FAU - Karwautz, Andreas AU - Karwautz A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9053-998X AD - Eating Disorder Unit, Department for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Zeiler, Michael AU - Zeiler M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7087-6134 AD - Eating Disorder Unit, Department for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Wagner, Gudrun AU - Wagner G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4845-9684 AD - Eating Disorder Unit, Department for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria. gudrun.wagner@meduniwien.ac.at. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT03535714 GR - MR/W002418/1/National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust (SLaM) and King's College London (KCL) and the Medical Research Counci/ GR - 99901006800/Gemeinsame Gesundheitsziele-Pharma Master Agreement/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260405 PL - England TA - J Eat Disord JT - Journal of eating disorders JID - 101610672 PMC - PMC13188742 OAB - Anorexia nervosa is a serious mental illness that often begins during adolescence and can be difficult to treat. Although several therapies are available, many young people do not achieve full recovery. The MANTRa program is a newer, age-adapted treatment that focuses on helping patients understand and change the thoughts and behaviors that keep the illness going. This study looked at 92 adolescents and young adults with anorexia nervosa who received either MANTRa or standard treatment in Austrian clinics. We examined which factors at the start of treatment could predict how well patients recovered over time. We found that, unlike in standard treatment, symptom severity prior to treatment start and motivation did not predict outcomes in the MANTRa group. Patients treated with MANTRa, including those with high illness severity and low treatment motivation, continued to improve up to 18 months after treatment, while progress in the standard treatment group leveled off. These results suggest that MANTRa may be particularly helpful for young people with more severe symptoms or lower initial motivation. OABL- eng OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescents OT - Character OT - Eating disorders OT - MANTRa OT - Motivation for change OT - Motivational interviewing OT - Outcome moderators OT - Psychotherapy OT - Temperament COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical approval for the original studies was obtained from the Ethics Committee of the Medical University of Vienna (EK 2005/2017), and all participants (and legal guardians for those under 18) provided written informed consent. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Competing interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/06 00:30 MHDA- 2026/04/06 00:31 PMCR- 2026/04/05 CRDT- 2026/04/05 23:43 PHST- 2025/12/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/06 00:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/06 00:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/05 23:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s40337-026-01598-7 [pii] AID - 1598 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s40337-026-01598-7 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Eat Disord. 2026 Apr 5;14(1):121. doi: 10.1186/s40337-026-01598-7. PMID- 41936708 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20261010 IS - 1432-1076 (Electronic) IS - 0340-6199 (Linking) VI - 185 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Apr 6 TI - Association of peripheral muscle mass and in-hospital mortality in mechanically ventilated critically ill children: a prospective observational study. LID - 236 [pii] LID - 10.1007/s00431-026-06799-5 [doi] AB - Early muscle wasting in critically ill children during pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission correlates with poor clinical outcomes. This study aims to evaluate the predictive capability of ultrasound-measured loss rates in the biceps brachii (BB) and rectus femoris (RF) muscles for in-hospital mortality in pediatric patients. This is a single-center, prospective, observational study conducted from July 12, 2025, to October 22, 2025. It included children aged 1 month to < 18 years admitted to the PICU who required mechanical ventilation for at least 48 h. Ultrasound measurements were performed within 24 h of PICU admission (baseline) and on days 3, 5, and 7. Measurements included thickness and cross-sectional area (CSA) of the BB and RF. A total of 86 children were included. Analysis was performed on 86, 81, and 67 children at days 3, 5, and 7 of PICU admission, respectively. Continuous loss of BB and RF muscle mass occurred during the first week of PICU admission in critically ill children. Among children who died during hospitalization, RF CSA on days 3, 5, and 7, and BB CSA on day 3, showed greater decreases from baseline compared to the survivor group (p < 0.05). RF CSA loss >/= 17.62% on day 5 demonstrated the highest predictive capability for in-hospital mortality, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve of 0.761 (0.645, 0.877), sensitivity of 72.2%, and specificity of 71.4%. The RF CSA < 17.62% on day 5 was associated with lower in-hospital mortality, with an adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 0.076 (95% CI 0.014, 0.395, p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: During the first week of admission to the PICU, children experience continuous muscle wasting. Greater muscle loss correlates with poorer outcomes, and the rate of RF CSA loss on day 5 demonstrates good predictive capability for in-hospital mortality. Ultrasound-based muscle assessment helps identify children at higher risk of adverse in-hospital outcomes. WHAT'S KNOWN: * Early muscle wasting is a key prognostic risk factor in critically ill children. * Bedside ultrasound serves as a reliable tool for dynamic monitoring of muscle wasting. WHAT IS NEW: * This study quantifies the trajectory and magnitude of peripheral muscle wasting using serial ultrasound in mechanically ventilated children during the first PICU week, identifying a loss of >/= 17.62% in rectus femoris cross-sectional area by day 5 as the strongest predictor of in-hospital mortality. * Early ultrasound monitoring provides an objective, bedside measure that may offer prognostic information alongside traditional severity scores. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Cai, Ye AU - Cai Y AD - Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Children and Adolescents' Health and Diseases, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Metabolism and Inflammatory Diseases, Chongqing, China. FAU - Zhang, Qiaoying AU - Zhang Q AD - Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Children and Adolescents' Health and Diseases, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Metabolism and Inflammatory Diseases, Chongqing, China. FAU - Meng, Yuqian AU - Meng Y AD - Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Children and Adolescents' Health and Diseases, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Metabolism and Inflammatory Diseases, Chongqing, China. FAU - He, Shan AU - He S AD - Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Children and Adolescents' Health and Diseases, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Metabolism and Inflammatory Diseases, Chongqing, China. FAU - Yang, Yun AU - Yang Y AD - Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. 1372205999@qq.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260406 PL - Germany TA - Eur J Pediatr JT - European journal of pediatrics JID - 7603873 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Prospective Studies MH - *Critical Illness/mortality MH - Female MH - Child, Preschool MH - Infant MH - *Hospital Mortality MH - *Respiration, Artificial MH - Ultrasonography MH - Intensive Care Units, Pediatric MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - *Quadriceps Muscle/diagnostic imaging MH - *Muscular Atrophy/mortality/diagnostic imaging MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - ROC Curve MH - *Muscle, Skeletal/diagnostic imaging MH - Prognosis OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cross-sectional area OT - Intensive care unit OT - Mortality OT - Muscle thickness OT - Pediatrics OT - Ultrasound COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/06 00:31 MHDA- 2026/04/06 00:32 CRDT- 2026/04/05 23:15 PHST- 2025/11/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/02/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/06 00:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/06 00:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/05 23:15 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00431-026-06799-5 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00431-026-06799-5 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Eur J Pediatr. 2026 Apr 6;185(5):236. doi: 10.1007/s00431-026-06799-5. PMID- 41935198 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260813 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 4 TI - Application of machine learning algorithm for predicting acute malnutrition among under 5 children in east Africa using recent DHS. LID - 10.1038/s41598-026-46944-6 [doi] LID - 16242 AB - Acute malnutrition remains a critical public health challenge across East Africa, contributing substantially to under-five morbidity and mortality. Early identification of at-risk children using predictive models could enhance timely intervention. This study aimed to develop and evaluate machine learning models for predicting acute malnutrition among under-five children in East Africa. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using the most recent DHS data from 12 East African countries. A total of 76,224 children under-five years were included. Data preprocessing involved multiple imputation for missing values, one-hot encoding for categorical variables, SMOTE to address class imbalance, and multiple feature selection. ten supervised machine learning algorithms; Logistic Regression, Random Forest, K-Nearest Neighbors, Decision Tree, Support Vector Machine, Naive Bayes, XGBoost, LightGBM, CatBoost, and Stochastic Gradient Descent were trained and evaluated using an 80/20 train-test split and stratified five-fold cross-validation. Model performance was assessed using accuracy, AUC, precision, recall, and F1-score, and interpretability was explored using SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP). The overall prevalence of acute malnutrition across east Africa was 6.08% (95% CI 5.91-6.25%), ranging from 1.2% in Rwanda to 12.27% in Ethiopia. The Random Forest algorithm demonstrated the best predictive performance, achieving an AUC of 74.6% (95% CI 73.0-76.2), accuracy of 71.2%, precision of 13.1%, recall of 66.2%, specificity of 71.5%, and an F1-score of 0.218. SHAP analysis identified important predictors of acute malnutrition as rural residence, large family size (>/= 6 members), higher number of under-five children (>/= 3), small or very small birth size, inadequate antenatal care, unimproved water sources, inappropriate disposal of child feces, recent diarrheal illness, and lack of latrine facilities. Protective factors included maternal literacy, antenatal care attendance, vitamin A supplementation, longer birth intervals (>/= 2 years), and maternal employment. Random Forest, demonstrate superior predictive capacity for identifying children at risk of acute malnutrition in East Africa. The integration of such models into national nutrition surveillance systems could enable early detection and targeted interventions. Strategies should prioritize rural communities, strengthen maternal education and empowerment, improve water and sanitation infrastructure, and antenatal care to mitigate risk factors and enhance child nutritional outcomes. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Feleke, Habtamu Guaguahu AU - Feleke HG AD - Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia. guaguahuhabtamu@gmail.com. FAU - Simegn, Mulat Belay AU - Simegn MB AD - Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia. FAU - Gebreegziabher, Zenebe Abebe AU - Gebreegziabher ZA AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Asrat Woldeyes Health Sciences Campus, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia. FAU - Mazengia, Elyas Melaku AU - Mazengia EM AD - Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia. FAU - Tilahun, Werkneh Melkie AU - Tilahun WM AD - Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260404 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Africa, Eastern/epidemiology MH - *Machine Learning MH - Child, Preschool MH - Female MH - Boosting Machine Learning Algorithms MH - Predictive Learning Models MH - *Malnutrition/epidemiology/diagnosis MH - Classification Algorithms MH - Random Forest MH - Male MH - Prediction Algorithms MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Infant MH - Algorithms MH - East African People MH - Prevalence MH - Logistic Models PMC - PMC13201603 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Acute malnutrition OT - Children OT - East Africa OT - Machine learning OT - Prediction COIS- Declarations. Ethical approval: The Study was a secondary data analysis based on publicly accessible DHS database and after we asked the MEASURE DHS Program for the data, and we were given permission to download and utilize it. All analyses were conducted in compliance with the DHS data use guidelines to maintain the privacy and rights of the survey participants. The consents are available at https://www.dhsprogram.com/methodology/Protecting-the-Privacy-of-DHS-Survey-Respondents.cfm . Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/05 04:22 MHDA- 2026/05/26 00:31 PMCR- 2026/04/04 CRDT- 2026/04/04 23:17 PHST- 2025/11/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/26 00:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/05 04:22 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/04 23:17 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-46944-6 [pii] AID - 46944 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-46944-6 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2026 Apr 4;16(1):16242. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-46944-6. PMID- 41934789 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260613 LR - 20260718 IS - 1532-2238 (Electronic) IS - 1096-6374 (Linking) VI - 84 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Low IGF-1 combined with a single clonidine stimulation test as a confirmatory tool for pediatric growth hormone deficiency. PG - 101698 LID - S1096-6374(26)00020-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ghir.2026.101698 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) in children is a complex endocrine disorder that requires dynamic testing for accurate diagnosis due to the pulsatile nature of growth hormone (GH) secretion. The clonidine test is widely used as a standard diagnostic tool due to its favorable safety profile and effectiveness. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) has emerged as a potential adjunct marker; however, its diagnostic accuracy is limited when used alone. This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic effectiveness of combining low IGF-1 with a single clonidine stimulation test for diagnosing pediatric GHD. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, including 214 children with short stature (aged 2-16 years) evaluated between August 2019 and January 2025. GHD was confirmed in 63 patients using two GH stimulation tests (peak GH <7 ng/mL). Serum IGF-1 levels were expressed as standard deviation scores (SDS) and analyzed at cutoff points of 0.05). Ultrasound transducer positioning (parallel vs. perpendicular) affected measurement reliability for oblique muscles. CONCLUSIONS: Global training led to hypertrophic changes in lateral abdominal muscles. Local training showed a trend toward increased transverse abdominis thick-ness but without statistical significance. Ultrasound measurements may be less reliable when the transducer is positioned parallel to the body midline. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Szuscik-Niewiadomy, Katarzyna AU - Szuscik-Niewiadomy K AD - Department of Adapted Physical Activity and Sport, School of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland. Electronic address: kszuscik@sum.edu.pl. FAU - Niewiadomy, Pawel AU - Niewiadomy P AD - Department of Balneoclimatology and Biological Regeneration, School of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland. Electronic address: pniewiadomy@sum.edu.pl. FAU - Stana, Oskar AU - Stana O AD - School of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland. Electronic address: oskar.stana@hotmail.com. FAU - Nowak, Michal AU - Nowak M AD - School of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20251216 PL - United States TA - J Bodyw Mov Ther JT - Journal of bodywork and movement therapies JID - 9700068 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Abdominal Muscles/diagnostic imaging/physiology/anatomy & histology MH - Male MH - Ultrasonography MH - Adult MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - *Exercise Therapy/methods MH - Biofeedback, Psychology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Core stabilization OT - Lateral abdominal wall muscles OT - Motor control training OT - Pressure biofeedback stabilizer OT - Transverse abdominis OT - Ultrasound COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/04/03 00:31 MHDA- 2026/04/03 00:32 CRDT- 2026/04/02 20:54 PHST- 2025/07/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/12/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/12/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/03 00:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/03 00:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/02 20:54 [entrez] AID - S1360-8592(25)00515-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jbmt.2025.12.028 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2026 Jun;46:555-563. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2025.12.028. Epub 2025 Dec 16. PMID- 41927208 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260814 IS - 1532-9283 (Electronic) IS - 1360-8592 (Linking) VI - 46 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Effect of 12-week functional training on soccer fitness among boys aged 10-11 years. PG - 460-470 LID - S1360-8592(25)00487-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jbmt.2025.11.027 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to test the efficacy of functional training in improving soccer fitness among boys aged 10-11 years. METHODS: Functional movement screening (FMS) and soccer fitness tests were conducted on 36 boys aged 10-11 years. The participants were randomly allocated to the control group (CG, n = 18) or experimental group (EG, n = 18). The CG was trained following a regular soccer training program, and the EG completed functional training during the warm-up and relaxation periods of the regular soccer training. RESULTS: After training, the FMS score of the EG increased from 16.94 +/- 2.61 to 19.38 +/- 1.06 (P < 0.01, ES = 1.19), while the CG remained unchanged (17.22 +/- 2.39, P > 0.05, ES = 0.11). Both groups demonstrated significant improvements in multiple fitness indicators, including ball-dribbling shuttle run (CG: P < 0.001, ES = 0.17; EG: P < 0.001, ES = 0.88), dribbling around the poles (CG: P < 0.001, ES = 0.32; EG: P < 0.001, ES = 1.01), standing long jump (CG: P < 0.001, ES = 0.11; EG: P < 0.001, ES = 0.45), T-drill (CG: P < 0.001, ES = 0.34; EG: P < 0.001, ES = 2.28), and 400-m run (CG: P < 0.05, ES = 0.80; EG: P < 0.001, ES = 1.02). However, a significant improvement in target-oriented passing and receiving was observed only in the EG (P < 0.01, ES = 0.48). Inter-group comparisons showed that the EG performed significantly better than the CG in dribbling around the poles (P < 0.05, ES = 1.01), standing long jump (P < 0.05, ES = 0.45), and T-drill (P < 0.001, ES = 2.28). However, no significant differences were observed between the two groups in ball-dribbling shuttle run (P > 0.05, ES = 0.88), target-oriented passing and receiving (P > 0.05, ES = 0.48), or 400-m run (P > 0.05, ES = 1.02). CONCLUSIONS: The functional training program significantly enhanced FMS scores, mobility, and explosiveness, EG improved in the 400-m run performance and target accuracy, but no inter-group difference was observed, suggesting that additional sport-specific technical and endurance components are required to achieve more comprehensive performance gains. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Zhao, Xinyu AU - Zhao X AD - School of Physical Education, Jimei University, 183 Yinjiang Road, Xiamen, 361021, China. FAU - Hong, Yang AU - Hong Y AD - School of Physical Education, Jimei University, 183 Yinjiang Road, Xiamen, 361021, China. FAU - Cai, Zihao AU - Cai Z AD - School of Physical Education, Jimei University, 183 Yinjiang Road, Xiamen, 361021, China. FAU - Liu, Chang AU - Liu C AD - School of Physical Education, Jimei University, 183 Yinjiang Road, Xiamen, 361021, China. FAU - Jia, Yibo AU - Jia Y AD - School of Physical Education, Jimei University, 183 Yinjiang Road, Xiamen, 361021, China. FAU - Liu, Tao AU - Liu T AD - School of Physical Education, Jimei University, 183 Yinjiang Road, Xiamen, 361021, China. Electronic address: liutaoxm@jmu.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20251127 PL - United States TA - J Bodyw Mov Ther JT - Journal of bodywork and movement therapies JID - 9700068 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Soccer/physiology MH - *Physical Fitness/physiology MH - Child MH - Exercise Test MH - Muscle Strength/physiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Boys aged 10-11 years OT - Functional movement screen OT - Functional training OT - Soccer fitness COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/04/03 00:31 MHDA- 2026/04/03 00:32 CRDT- 2026/04/02 20:54 PHST- 2025/02/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/10/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/11/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/03 00:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/03 00:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/02 20:54 [entrez] AID - S1360-8592(25)00487-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jbmt.2025.11.027 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2026 Jun;46:460-470. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2025.11.027. Epub 2025 Nov 27. PMID- 41927200 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260715 IS - 1532-9283 (Electronic) IS - 1360-8592 (Linking) VI - 46 DP - 2026 Jun TI - The relationship between video game addiction, neck disability and upper extremity functional limitations in adolescents' students. PG - 404-412 LID - S1360-8592(25)00500-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jbmt.2025.12.013 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Video gaming is a popular leisure activity among adolescents who are in danger of musculoskeletal disorders. So, the current study evaluated the video game addiction (GA) risk factors and investigated its relationship with neck disability and upper limb functional limitations among adolescents. METHODS: A cross-sectional study of 414 adolescents was conducted via a survey in Taif city, Saudi Arabia. The validated Arabic versions of the GA scale, neck disability index and upper limb functional limitations index were used to detect GA, evaluate neck disability and assess functional dysfunctions of upper extremities, respectively. The descriptive statistics and Chi-square test were used to analyze data. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the predictors of video GA. RESULTS: The prevalence of addicted gamers was 14.50 % (males: 13.54 %, and females: 15.32 %). The middle and secondary schools addicted students' prevalence was 23.85 % and 11.15 % respectively. Students in middle schools were more likely to be addicted gamers 2.29 times more than secondary school students (p = 0.014). Of the addicted gamers, 53.33 % had neck disabilities and 15.00 % had upper limb functional limitations. Neck disability and upper limb functional limitations were not associated with GA (p = 0.654, 0.475 respectively). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of GA was 14.50 % among adolescents. The middle schools are more predictive to GA than secondary schools. GA was not a predictor for neck disability or upper limb dysfunctions. To prevent GA, early diagnosis, controlling the accessibility of video games and promoting physical activity are essential to limit its disorders and related risks. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Abdel-Aziem, Amr Almaz AU - Abdel-Aziem AA AD - Department of Physical Therapy, College Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Saudi Arabia; Department of Biomechanics, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Egypt. Electronic address: amralmaz@yahoo.com. FAU - Alharthi, Ahad Zid AU - Alharthi AZ AD - Department of Physical Therapy, College Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: ahadzaid262@gmail.com. FAU - AlOtaibi, Manar Abdullah AU - AlOtaibi MA AD - Department of Physical Therapy, College Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: alotibimanar88@gmail.com. FAU - Althaqafi, Miad Mutlaq AU - Althaqafi MM AD - Department of Physical Therapy, College Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: meadalthaqafi@gmail.com. FAU - AlOsaimi, Norah Ali AU - AlOsaimi NA AD - Department of Physical Therapy, College Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: alosaiminoora2@gmail.com. FAU - Altowirqi, Taef Wail AU - Altowirqi TW AD - Department of Physical Therapy, College Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: taef14455@gmail.com. FAU - Aldina, Wasan Mahmoud AU - Aldina WM AD - Department of Physical Therapy, College Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: waldenar26@gmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20251205 PL - United States TA - J Bodyw Mov Ther JT - Journal of bodywork and movement therapies JID - 9700068 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Video Games/adverse effects MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - *Upper Extremity/physiopathology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Saudi Arabia/epidemiology MH - Male MH - *Behavior, Addictive/epidemiology MH - Risk Factors MH - *Neck Pain/epidemiology MH - Disability Evaluation MH - Prevalence MH - Students OTO - NOTNLM OT - Functional disability OT - Gaming addiction OT - Neck pain OT - School adolescents OT - Upper limb COIS- Declaration of competing interest There is no conflict of interest to be declared. EDAT- 2026/04/03 00:31 MHDA- 2026/04/03 00:32 CRDT- 2026/04/02 20:54 PHST- 2024/12/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/11/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/12/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/03 00:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/03 00:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/02 20:54 [entrez] AID - S1360-8592(25)00500-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jbmt.2025.12.013 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2026 Jun;46:404-412. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2025.12.013. Epub 2025 Dec 5. PMID- 41926828 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260613 LR - 20260813 IS - 2213-1582 (Electronic) IS - 2213-1582 (Linking) VI - 50 DP - 2026 TI - Grey matter volume associations with personality functioning in a clinical cohort of female youths. PG - 103988 LID - S2213-1582(26)00047-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.nicl.2026.103988 [doi] LID - 103988 AB - Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a severe mental illness, although its neurobiological underpinnings remain largely unknown. Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging (sMRI) in adolescents can offer insights into potential biomarkers to help advance early detection and targeted intervention. However, previous findings have been mixed, possibly due to clinical heterogeneity that may be better captured using a dimensional approach to personality functioning (PF). The current study explored grey matter volume (GMV) in youth with varying degrees of BPD pathology, and associations with dimensional PF. N = 93 females (14-21 years) comprising three groups (full-threshold BPD, sub-threshold BPD, and healthy controls) underwent sMRI and were assessed with the Semi-Structured Interview for Personality Functioning DSM-5 (STiP-5.1). Groups were combined to reflect dimensional personality pathology. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to determine associations between the STiP-5.1 total score, and each of its four elements with: (i) total GMV, (ii) GMV in individual brain regions defined by the Desikan-Killiany-Tourville atlas, (iii) selected regions of interest (ROIs). All analyses were statistically non-significant: STiP-5.1 total and total GMV (p = 0.61); STiP-5.1 total and individual brain regions (all corrected p values >/=0.82); STiP-5.1 total and ROIs (all corrected p values >/=0.91). Results were non-significant for each element, and a validity check using BPD criteria confirmed STiP-5.1 findings. We found no evidence of an association of dimensionally assessed PF with GMV in young females. The pursuit of clinical research efforts on other potential biomarkers using dimensional conceptualisations of PF may represent worthy endeavours. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Thomson, Madelyn AU - Thomson M AD - University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Graduate School for Health Sciences, University of Bern, Switzerland. FAU - Cavelti, Marialuisa AU - Cavelti M AD - University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. FAU - Murner-Lavanchy, Ines AU - Murner-Lavanchy I AD - University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Faculty of Psychology, University of Basel, Switzerland. FAU - Sele, Silvano AU - Sele S AD - University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. FAU - Burgi, Niklas AU - Burgi N AD - Department of Economics, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tubingen, Germany. FAU - Seiffert, Nora AU - Seiffert N AD - University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. FAU - Moggi, Franz AU - Moggi F AD - Translational Research Center, University Hospital for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Switzerland. FAU - Wiest, Roland AU - Wiest R AD - University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Translational Imaging Center (TIC), Swiss Institute for Translational and Entrepreneurial Medicine, Bern, Switzerland. FAU - Koenig, Julian AU - Koenig J AD - University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Cologne, Germany. FAU - Kaess, Michael AU - Kaess M AD - University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Centre for Psychosocial Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. Electronic address: michael.kaess@upd.ch. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260328 PL - Netherlands TA - Neuroimage Clin JT - NeuroImage. Clinical JID - 101597070 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - Magnetic Resonance Imaging MH - *Gray Matter/diagnostic imaging/pathology MH - *Borderline Personality Disorder/diagnostic imaging/pathology MH - Young Adult MH - *Brain/diagnostic imaging/pathology MH - Cohort Studies MH - *Personality/physiology MH - Organ Size PMC - PMC13068870 OTO - NOTNLM OT - AMPD OT - Adolescents OT - Criterion A OT - Dimensional OT - Neuroimaging OT - Personality disorder COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/04/03 00:31 MHDA- 2026/06/13 06:38 PMCR- 2026/03/28 CRDT- 2026/04/02 18:06 PHST- 2025/03/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/13 06:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/03 00:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/02 18:06 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2213-1582(26)00047-1 [pii] AID - 103988 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.nicl.2026.103988 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Neuroimage Clin. 2026;50:103988. doi: 10.1016/j.nicl.2026.103988. Epub 2026 Mar 28. PMID- 41925781 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260813 IS - 1590-1262 (Electronic) IS - 1124-4909 (Print) IS - 1124-4909 (Linking) VI - 31 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 2 TI - Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric validation of the Turkish Dusseldorf Orthorexia Scale in adolescents. LID - 10.1007/s40519-026-01847-3 [doi] LID - 27 AB - PURPOSE: Orthorexia nervosa (ON) is characterized by an excessive preoccupation with healthy eating that may lead to rigidity, distress, and functional impairment. Validated instruments for assessing orthorexic tendencies in adolescent psychiatric settings remain limited. This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Dusseldorf Orthorexia Scale (TR-DOS) in a clinically referred adolescent sample. METHODS: Adolescents aged 12-18 years presenting to a child and adolescent psychiatry outpatient clinic completed the TR-DOS, Orthorexia Nervosa Inventory (ONI), Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26), and Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale-Child Version (RCADS-CV). Psychiatric diagnoses were established through clinician-administered DSM-5 interviews. Construct validity was examined using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, internal consistency using Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega, and convergent validity through correlations with related measures. RESULTS: The sample comprised 209 adolescents (61.2% female; mean age = 15.7 +/- 1.72 years). Exploratory factor analysis supported a single-factor solution. Confirmatory factor ana;lysis also supported a one-factor structure, with good model fit (chi(2)/df = 1.51, CFI = 0.977, TLI = 0.967, RMSEA = 0.049, SRMR = 0.039). All factor loadings were statistically significant, with standardized loadings ranging from 0.335 to 0.725. Internal consistency was high (Cronbach's alpha = 0.868; McDonald's omega = 0.871). TR-DOS scores were positively correlated with ONI and EAT-26, but not with BMI or RCADS-CV total anxiety. Adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder had significantly higher TR-DOS scores than those without this diagnosis. CONCLUSION: The TR-DOS demonstrated satisfactory validity and reliability in a clinically referred Turkish adolescent sample. Level of evidence Level V, descriptive study. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Guney, Omca AU - Guney O AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Health Sciences, Basaksehir Cam and Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul, 34480, Turkey. FAU - Yildirim, Selman AU - Yildirim S AD - Department of Clinical Science, Umea University, 901 87, Umea, Sweden. selman.yildirim@umu.se. FAU - Akbas, Ibrahim Halil AU - Akbas IH AD - Department of Psychiatry, Sanliurfa Training and Research Hospital, Sanliurfa, 63250, Turkey. akbasibrahim1@gmail.com. FAU - Kinay Ermis, Duygu AU - Kinay Ermis D AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Health Sciences, Basaksehir Cam and Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul, 34480, Turkey. FAU - Kasar, Nurdan AU - Kasar N AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Health Sciences, Basaksehir Cam and Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul, 34480, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260402 PL - Germany TA - Eat Weight Disord JT - Eating and weight disorders : EWD JID - 9707113 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Psychometrics MH - Turkey MH - *Feeding and Eating Disorders/diagnosis/psychology MH - Male MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Child MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - Cross-Cultural Comparison MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Factor Analysis, Statistical MH - Psychiatric Status Rating Scales PMC - PMC13065574 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent mental health OT - Dusseldorf Orthorexia Scale OT - Eating behavior disorders OT - Orthorexia nervosa OT - Psychometric validation COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: All procedures were carried out in accordance with the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki. Written and verbal consent was obtained from all participants following the provision of written information regarding the purpose and methodology of the study to participants who volunteered to participate. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/02 12:35 MHDA- 2026/04/09 12:45 PMCR- 2026/04/02 CRDT- 2026/04/02 11:05 PHST- 2025/11/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/09 12:45 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/02 12:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/02 11:05 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s40519-026-01847-3 [pii] AID - 1847 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s40519-026-01847-3 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Eat Weight Disord. 2026 Apr 2;31(1):27. doi: 10.1007/s40519-026-01847-3. PMID- 41925540 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260826 LR - 20260826 IS - 1533-4287 (Electronic) IS - 1064-8011 (Linking) VI - 40 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep 1 TI - The Modified 3-Minute All-Out Test Parameters as Predictors of 50-, 100-, and 200-m Front Crawl Official Performance in Trained Swimmers. PG - 1111-1118 LID - 10.1519/JSC.0000000000005480 [doi] AB - Di Gennaro, S, Panasci, M, Apollaro, G, Fassone, M, Puce, L, Ruggeri, P, and Faelli, E. The modified 3-minute all-out test parameters as predictors of 50-, 100-, and 200-m front crawl official performance in trained swimmers. J Strength Cond Res 40(9): 1111-1118, 2026-In this study, we investigated (a) the relationship between the modified 3-minute all-out test (3mAO mod ) parameters and swimming official performance in 50-, 100-, and 200-m front crawl; (b) the predictive accuracy of critical speed (CS) model; (c) the predictive linear regression (MLR) models incorporating CS, curvature constant (D') or anaerobic speed reserve (ASR), and anthropometry. Twenty-three young swimmers (mean +/- SD : age = 17.5 +/- 1.9 years, mass = 61.8 +/- 7.2 kg, height 1.79 +/- 0.08 m) performed the 3mAO mod and, within 6 weeks, competed in 50-, 100-, and 200-m official races. The relationships between 3mAO mod parameters and race times were examined using Pearson's and Spearman's correlation. Race times were predicted using the CS model and MLR, including CS, D', or ASR, sex, age, height, and body mass. Mean absolute error ( MAE ) and paired sample t-tests with Bonferroni corrections were used to compare actual and predicted results. Significance was set at p /=12 years previously naive to elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ELX/TEZ/IVA) to assess the effects of ELX/TEZ/IVA on cough frequency, physical activity, and sleep using wearable cough monitors and actigraphy sensors (VX-445-126). RESULTS: In study VX-445-126 (N = 81), participants treated with ELX/TEZ/IVA experienced a 91.7% reduction in cough frequency (cough events per day) (95% CI, 89.2% to 93.6%; 241.3 coughs per day at baseline to 20.3 coughs per day) from baseline at the average of week 8 through week 12 (primary endpoint). Total steps per day (secondary endpoint) increased by 638 (95% CI, 298 to 977) at the average of week 8 through week 12. Time spent above sedentary physical activity per day, time spent on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity per day, and total mean activity count per day all increased from baseline at the average of week 8 through week 12 (other efficacy endpoints). While no changes in sleep activity patterns were observed in actigraphy data, patient-reported measures of sleep quality improved (other efficacy endpoints). ELX/TEZ/IVA was generally safe and well-tolerated. CONCLUSIONS: ELX/TEZ/IVA treatment led to a > 90% reduction in daily cough frequency, with sustained improvements in physical activity and better perceptions of sleep quality. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Van Braeckel, Eva AU - Van Braeckel E AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine and Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. Electronic address: Eva.VanBraeckel@UGent.be. FAU - Braun, Andrew T AU - Braun AT AD - University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. FAU - Simmonds, Nicholas J AU - Simmonds NJ AD - National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London UK, Royal Brompton Hospital, part of Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. FAU - Barry, Peter J AU - Barry PJ AD - Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. FAU - Davies, Jane C AU - Davies JC AD - National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London UK, Royal Brompton Hospital, part of Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. FAU - Egan, Marie E AU - Egan ME AD - Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA. FAU - Lapey, Allen AU - Lapey A AD - Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Mall, Marcus A AU - Mall MA AD - Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Center for Lung Research (DZL), associated partner site, Berlin, Germany; German Center for Child and Adolescent Health (DZKJ), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Cluster of Excellence ImmunoPreCept, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. FAU - McKone, Edward F AU - McKone EF AD - St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland. FAU - Peckham, Daniel AU - Peckham D AD - St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK. FAU - Proesmans, Marijke AU - Proesmans M AD - University Hospital of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Ramsey, Bonnie AU - Ramsey B AD - Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA. FAU - Santamaria, Saioa Vicente AU - Santamaria SV AD - Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Smith, Daniel AU - Smith D AD - The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. FAU - Taylor-Cousar, Jennifer L AU - Taylor-Cousar JL AD - National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA. FAU - Tullis, Elizabeth AU - Tullis E AD - St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. FAU - De Wachter, Elke AU - De Wachter E AD - Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium. FAU - Withers, Nick AU - Withers N AD - Royal Devon United Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK. FAU - Ahluwalia, Neil AU - Ahluwalia N AD - Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Conner, Sarah AU - Conner S AD - Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Jennings, Mark AU - Jennings M AD - Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Lou, Yiyue AU - Lou Y AD - Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Weinstock, Tanya G AU - Weinstock TG AD - Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Keating, Dominic AU - Keating D AD - Alfred Health, and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. LA - eng PT - Clinical Trial, Phase III PT - Clinical Trial, Phase IV PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20260331 PL - Netherlands TA - J Cyst Fibros JT - Journal of cystic fibrosis : official journal of the European Cystic Fibrosis Society JID - 101128966 RN - 0 (Aminophenols) RN - 0 (Benzodioxoles) RN - 0 (Chloride Channel Agonists) RN - 0 (Drug Combinations) RN - 0 (Indoles) RN - 0 (Pyrazoles) RN - 0 (Pyridines) RN - 0 (Pyrrolidines) RN - 0 (Quinolones) RN - 0 (tezacaftor, ivacaftor drug combination) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - Actigraphy/methods MH - Aminophenols/therapeutic use/administration & dosage MH - Benzodioxoles/therapeutic use/administration & dosage MH - *Chloride Channel Agonists/administration & dosage/therapeutic use MH - *Cough/drug therapy/etiology MH - *Cystic Fibrosis/drug therapy/complications/physiopathology MH - Drug Combinations MH - *Exercise MH - Feasibility Studies MH - Indoles/therapeutic use/administration & dosage MH - Pilot Projects MH - Pyrazoles/therapeutic use/administration & dosage MH - Pyridines/therapeutic use/administration & dosage MH - Pyrrolidines/therapeutic use MH - Quinolones/therapeutic use/administration & dosage MH - *Sleep Quality OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cough OT - Cystic fibrosis OT - Elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor OT - Physical activity OT - Wearable technologies COIS- Declaration of competing interest EVB received fees for clinical trial leadership and participation, lectures and consultancy from Vertex Pharmaceuticals, all paid to her institution, and institutional fees for the conduct of CF clinical trials from AbbVie, Boehringer Ingelheim, and Galapagos. AB received grants from Vertex Pharmaceuticals and the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation. PJB reports speaker and consultancy fees from Vertex Pharmaceuticals. Member of DMC for Boehringer Ingelheim. EDW received institutional fees for study participation in clinical trials from Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Corbus and Ablynx. Her institution received honoraria for speaking and education activities and consultant work and for participation from Vertex Pharmaceuticals. She received support for attending travel and housing at CF-conferences by Viatris. MP received institutional fees for study participation in clinical trials from Vertex Pharmaceuticals. Her institution received honoraria for speaking and education activities and for participation in advisory boards from Vertex Pharmaceuticals. JCD has received fees from Vertex Pharmaceuticals to her university and hospital for clinical trial leadership/participation; has participated in Advisory Boards and educational/ speaking activities for Vertex Pharmaceuticals. JCD and NJS are supported by the National Institute of Health and Care Research (NIHR) through the Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, the Brompton Clinical Research Facility. JCD also has a Senior Investigator Award. NJS has participated in Advisory Boards and/or educational/speaking activities for Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Chiesi, Gilead, Teva and Boehringer Ingelheim. DP has participated in Advisory Boards and educational/speaking activities with Vertex Pharmaceuticals. JTC has received consulting fees/or has been on advisory board for Kither Biotech; has served as a DMC chair for AbbVie, received grant funding from the CF Foundation and NIH and has been an investigator on studies for 4DMT, Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Sionna, Splisense, BI, and Recode. Her institution has received funds for her advisory work from Vertex Pharmaceuticals and 4DMT. MP received institutional fees for study participation in clinical trials from Vertex Pharmaceuticals. Her institution received honoraria for participation in advisory boards from Vertex Pharmaceuticals. ET has received consulting and speaking fees from Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc. NW has received fees from Vertex for Advisory Boards and educational/speaking activities. NA, SC, MJ, YL, and TGW are employees of Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated. EM has participated in advisory boards for Vertex Pharmaceuticals and Enterprise Therapeutics, received grant funding from CF Foundation and Vertex Pharmaceuticals, and institutional fees for study participation in Vertex Pharmaceuticals clinical trials. MAM reports grants or contracts from Boehringer Ingelheim, Enterprise Therapeutics, Vertex Pharmaceuticals, German Federal Ministry of Research, Technology and Space (BMFTR) and German Research Foundation (DFG), with payments made to the institution; consulting fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, Enterprise Therapeutics, Kither Biotech, Splisense and Vertex Pharmaceuticals; payment or honoraria for lectures from Vertex Pharmaceuticals; travel reimbursement received for participation in advisory board meetings for Boehringer Ingelheim and Vertex Pharmaceuticals; and fees for participation on an advisory board from Boehringer Ingelheim, Enterprise Therapeutics, Kither Biotech, Pari and Vertex Pharmaceuticals. He is also an unpaid Fellow of ERS. EDAT- 2026/04/02 12:35 MHDA- 2026/07/31 00:38 CRDT- 2026/04/02 09:18 PHST- 2025/12/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/31 00:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/02 12:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/02 09:18 [entrez] AID - S1569-1993(26)00083-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jcf.2026.03.016 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Cyst Fibros. 2026 Jul;25(4):682-688. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2026.03.016. Epub 2026 Mar 31. PMID- 41924702 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260522 LR - 20260922 IS - 1664-0640 (Print) IS - 1664-0640 (Electronic) IS - 1664-0640 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Key predictors of postpartum depression and anxiety symptoms among mothers in Kilifi, Kenya: a machine learning approach. PG - 1790893 LID - 10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1790893 [doi] LID - 1790893 AB - BACKGROUND: The burden of maternal postpartum depression and anxiety is disproportionately high in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), yet the use of advanced analytical methods to capture the complex interplay of variables influencing these conditions remains underexplored. OBJECTIVE: To apply machine learning (ML) methods to predict depressive and anxiety symptoms in postpartum mothers and to identify key and actionable predictors. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 1,995 biological mothers of singleton infants aged 0-6 months, using survey data collected between March 2023 and March 2024 in Kaloleni and Rabai sub-counties, Kilifi County, Kenya, within the Kaloleni-Rabai Health and Demographic Surveillance System. Depressive and anxiety symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, with scores >/=5 indicating symptoms. Potential features included sociodemographic, economic, nutritional, food insecurity, and health-related factors. Ridge Logistic Regression (LR), Random Forest (RF), and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) models were applied to predict depressive and anxiety symptoms. Model performance was evaluated using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. Shapley additive explanations values were used for feature selection and interpretation. RESULTS: Among the 1,995 mothers, 15.1% had depressive symptoms, and 8.7% had anxiety symptoms. Model performance was acceptable and comparable across all models. For depression, AUC values for Ridge LR, RF and XGBoost were 0.724 (95% CI: 0.656-0.785), 0.711 (95% CI: 0.642-0.774), and 0.705 (95% CI: 0.628-0.772) respectively. For anxiety, AUCs were 0.788 (95% CI: 0.712-0.857), 0.789 (95% CI: 0.709-0.861), and 0.785 (95% CI: 0.708-0.854), respectively. Increased household food insecurity was the strongest predictor of both conditions. Additional key predictors included low wealth index, lower body mass index, higher number of children, pregnancy complications and advanced maternal age. CONCLUSIONS: Postpartum mental health disorders remain a substantial burden in SSA. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using ML to predict depressive and anxiety symptoms in postpartum mothers. The findings identify key predictors, notably increased household food insecurity, alongside socioeconomic status and maternal health characteristics, that could inform the design and testing of targeted interventions. Future studies should include external validation and examine causal links between these predictors and postpartum mental health outcomes. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Benson, Odhiambo, Brink, Ngugi, Waljee, Weinheimer-Haus, Moyer, Zhu and Abubakar. FAU - Benson, Faith Neema AU - Benson FN AD - Institute for Human Development, Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya. AD - Department of Mathematical Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa. FAU - Odhiambo, Rachel AU - Odhiambo R AD - Institute for Human Development, Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya. FAU - Brink, Willie AU - Brink W AD - Department of Mathematical Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa. FAU - Ngugi, Anthony K AU - Ngugi AK AD - Department of Population Health, Medical College, Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya. FAU - Waljee, Akbar K AU - Waljee AK AD - Department of Learning Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States. AD - Center for Global Health Equity, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States. FAU - Weinheimer-Haus, Eileen M AU - Weinheimer-Haus EM AD - Department of Learning Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States. AD - Center for Global Health Equity, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States. FAU - Moyer, Cheryl A AU - Moyer CA AD - Department of Learning Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States. AD - Center for Global Health Equity, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States. FAU - Zhu, Ji AU - Zhu J AD - Department of Statistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States. FAU - Abubakar, Amina AU - Abubakar A AD - Institute for Human Development, Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya. AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom. AD - Neuroscience Unit, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya. LA - eng GR - U54 TW012089/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260317 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Psychiatry JT - Frontiers in psychiatry JID - 101545006 PMC - PMC13036147 OTO - NOTNLM OT - machine learning OT - maternal mental health OT - postpartum anxiety OT - postpartum depression OT - predictive modeling COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/02 06:30 MHDA- 2026/04/02 06:31 PMCR- 2026/03/17 CRDT- 2026/04/02 04:46 PHST- 2026/01/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/02 06:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/02 06:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/02 04:46 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1790893 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Psychiatry. 2026 Mar 17;17:1790893. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1790893. eCollection 2026. PMID- 41924059 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260402 LR - 20260813 IS - 1664-1078 (Print) IS - 1664-1078 (Electronic) IS - 1664-1078 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Protocol for AI-based prediction of problematic digital technology use among Indian youth: a Centre for Advanced Research on Addictive Behaviours initiative. PG - 1754046 LID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1754046 [doi] LID - 1754046 AB - BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning have an important role in mental health research by helping to predict and prevent digital addiction and problematic digital technology use. These include behaviors linked with internet, smartphones, gaming, social media, gambling, over-the-top (OTT) platforms watching, pornography watching, shopping/ buying, and excessive screen time. OBJECTIVE: This multi-center study aims to develop and validate an AI-based predictive model to identify Indian youth at risk of problematic use of digital technology and associated psychological outcomes such as stress, anxiety, depression, and addiction. The study corresponds to one of the objectives of the Centre for Advanced Research on Addictive Behaviours (CAR-AB) initiative. METHODS: Students aged >/=12 years from schools and colleges across six Indian sites (New Delhi, Bhopal, Patna, Puducherry, Rishikesh, and Shillong) will be recruited. Data will be collected on demographic, psychological, behavioral, cognitive, socio-environmental, and digital phenotype correlates using validated instruments. Machine-learning models, including ensemble and deep-learning methods, will be trained, validated, and interpreted using explainable AI techniques. EXPECTED OUTCOMES: The study will develop a validated and interpretable predictive model for early detection of vulnerability to problematic use of digital technology. Findings are expected to inform targeted interventions, guide digital-wellness policies, and support the integration of predictive tools within educational, work, and community settings. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Balhara, Ranjan, Sarkar, Kaur, Ganesh, Kattimani, Saxena, Das, Dhiman, Bhargava, Joshi, Majumdar, Singh and Patra. FAU - Balhara, Yatan Pal Singh AU - Balhara YPS AD - Behavioral Addictions Clinic (BAC) and Centre for Advanced Research on Addictive Behaviours (CAR-AB), National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre (NDDTC), All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India. FAU - Ranjan, Rajeev AU - Ranjan R AD - All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India. FAU - Sarkar, Siddharth AU - Sarkar S AD - AIIMS, New Delhi, India. FAU - Kaur, Simran AU - Kaur S AD - Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India. FAU - Ganesh, Ragul AU - Ganesh R AD - Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India. FAU - Kattimani, Shivanand AU - Kattimani S AD - Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India. FAU - Saxena, Vandena AU - Saxena V AD - CIE, Department of Education, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India. FAU - Das, Subhash AU - Das S AD - Department of Psychiatry, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences (NEIGRIHMS), Shillong, India. FAU - Dhiman, Vishal AU - Dhiman V AD - All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India. FAU - Bhargava, Rachna AU - Bhargava R AD - AIIMS, New Delhi, India. FAU - Joshi, Tanmay AU - Joshi T AD - All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India. FAU - Majumdar, Anindo AU - Majumdar A AD - All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India. FAU - Singh, Swarndeep AU - Singh S AD - Vardhman Mahavir Medical College (VMMC), Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India. FAU - Patra, Bichitra Nanda AU - Patra BN AD - Department of Psychiatry, AIIMS, New Delhi, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260317 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Psychol JT - Frontiers in psychology JID - 101550902 PMC - PMC13036647 OTO - NOTNLM OT - AI-based predictive model OT - addiction OT - anxiety OT - depression OT - digital addiction OT - machine learning OT - problematic technology use OT - youth mental health COIS- YB is associated with Behavioral Addictions Clinic. He leads the Centre for Advanced Research on Addictive Behaviours (CAR-AB). He conducts research on addictive behaviors and other mental health issues. He reviews/edits journal articles and makes presentations on addictive behaviors. He offers advice as a technical expert on addictive behaviors to various not-for-profit entities. The remaining author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision. EDAT- 2026/04/02 06:30 MHDA- 2026/04/02 06:31 PMCR- 2026/03/17 CRDT- 2026/04/02 04:38 PHST- 2025/11/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/01/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/02 06:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/02 06:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/02 04:38 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1754046 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Psychol. 2026 Mar 17;17:1754046. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1754046. eCollection 2026. PMID- 41923048 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260628 LR - 20260813 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 1 TI - Why they do not move: An explainable machine learning analysis of physical activity barriers in obese adolescents and tool translation. LID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27050-8 [doi] LID - 1535 AB - BACKGROUND: Despite the well-documented benefits of physical activity, insufficient activity remains highly prevalent among adolescents with obesity. This study is the first to apply interpretable machine learning methods to identify the barriers, facilitators, and U-shaped determinants of physical activity in this population. METHODS: We analyzed data from 1,041 adolescents with obesity from the China Education Panel Survey. A range of personal, family, and school-level variables were incorporated to construct six machine learning models for predicting physical activity attainment. The Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) method, a game-theoretic approach for explainable artificial intelligence, was used to identify key predictive factors and quantify their relative contributions. RESULTS: The Random Forest model demonstrated the best performance, achieving an accuracy of 85.30% and an AUC of 0.720 on the test set. SHAP analysis revealed several key factors associated with physical activity. Positive facilitators included parents with an education level beyond high school (>/= 3.27 for mothers, >/= 3.51 for fathers), higher school rankings (>/= 3.77), adequate school sports facilities (>/= 1.44), and a personal interest in sports. Negative barriers included excessive screen time (>/= 5.51 h) and school location in central urban areas (>/= 4.23). Notably, U-shaped relationships were identified for academic workload, sleep problems, and self-perceived appearance. Specifically, moderate levels of these factors were associated with lower physical activity, whereas both low and high extremes promoted activity. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that physical activity among adolescents with obesity is shaped by a complex interplay of individual, family, and school-level factors, with parental education emerging as the strongest predictor. The identification of specific risk thresholds (e.g., screen time >/= 5.51 h) and U-shaped relationships offers precise, actionable targets for intervention. These findings underscore the need for multi-level strategies: families should prioritize fostering cultural capital, schools should ensure facility accessibility beyond regular hours, and policymakers must address environmental constraints in urban settings. To facilitate the translation of these insights into practice, a web-based tool has been deployed to help physical education teachers identify at-risk students and design targeted interventions. FAU - Chen, Cheng AU - Chen C AD - Graduate School, Harbin Sport University, Harbin, China. FAU - Chen, Kai AU - Chen K AD - Yantai Health and Health Vocational College, Yantai, China. FAU - Du, Wenqian AU - Du W AD - Graduate School, Harbin Sport University, Harbin, China. FAU - Li, Shengtao AU - Li S AD - Graduate School, Harbin Sport University, Harbin, China. FAU - Gou, Wenling AU - Gou W AD - SanTESiH Laboratory, Faculty of Sports Sciences and Techniques, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France. FAU - Yang, Jing AU - Yang J AD - School of Psychology and Sociology, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, China. FAU - Forte, Pedro AU - Forte P AD - Department of Sports, Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, Penafiel, Portugal. AD - Departament of Sports Sciences, Instituto Politecnico de Braganca, Braganca, Portugal. AD - Research Center for Active Living and Wellbeing (Livewell), Instituto Politecnico de Braganca, Braganca, Portugal. FAU - Zhang, Xiaoran AU - Zhang X AD - Graduate School, Harbin Sport University, Harbin, China. FAU - Shangguan, Yuwen AU - Shangguan Y AD - Department of Exercise Physiology, Kunsan National University, Gunsan, Jeollabuk-do , 54150, South Korea. FAU - Huang, Yongyu AU - Huang Y AD - School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Zhang, Hao AU - Zhang H AD - Department of Physical Education and Research, Central South University, Changsha, China. FAU - Zhang, Xiaofei AU - Zhang X AD - School of Health and Social Development, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia. AD - Centre for Healthcare and Community Transformation, Coventry University, Coventry, UK. FAU - Lin, Zhiyi AU - Lin Z AD - School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Fujian Normal University, Fujian, China. FAU - Yao, Xiaolin AU - Yao X AD - Institute of Sports Humanities and Society, Harbin Sport University, Harbin, China. FAU - Li, Huan AU - Li H AD - Department of Articular Orthopedics, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China. doctorlihuan@163.com. LA - eng GR - CJ20252030/This study was supported by the Applied Basic Research Project of Changzhou (CJ20252030)./ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260401 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - *Machine Learning MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - Female MH - Male MH - China/epidemiology MH - *Pediatric Obesity/psychology PMC - PMC13169891 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Academic workload OT - Adolescent obesity OT - Machine learning OT - Physical activity OT - Weight management COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was a secondary analysis of de-identified, publicly available data from the China Education Panel Survey (CEPS). The original CEPS data collection was approved by the Renmin University of China Research Ethics Committee. Informed consent was obtained from all participants and their guardians by the CEPS team. Therefore, no additional ethical approval or consent was required for this analysis. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/02 06:31 MHDA- 2026/06/28 06:35 PMCR- 2026/04/01 CRDT- 2026/04/02 00:07 PHST- 2025/12/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/28 06:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/02 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/02 00:07 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27050-8 [pii] AID - 27050 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27050-8 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2026 Apr 1;26(1):1535. doi: 10.1186/s12889-026-27050-8. PMID- 41922936 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260714 IS - 2168-6602 (Electronic) IS - 0890-1171 (Linking) VI - 40 IP - 4 DP - 2026 May TI - Urban Green Space and Mental Health: Mediating Roles of Physical Activity and Social Cohesion. PG - 459-470 LID - 10.1177/08901171251388878 [doi] AB - PurposeThis study investigates the relationship between urban green spaces (UGS) and residents' mental health in Dhaka, Bangladesh, with a focus on the mediating roles of social cohesion and physical activity.DesignMultilevel regression and mediation analysis with cross-sectional data were constructed.Setting10 UGS in Dhaka were selected based on spatial variation.SampleA total of 276 adult residents (response rate: 85.2%) were surveyed using quota sampling to ensure demographic diversity.MeasuresThe Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (SWEMWBS) was used for mental health assessment, validity scales for social cohesion and IPAQ-SF for physical activity. UGS accessibility and quality were evaluated using NDVI, GIS buffers, and on-site audits.AnalysisMultilevel linear regression and Sobel tests were employed to examine direct and mediated effects of UGS on mental health.ResultsUGS-level factors explained 18% of the variance in mental health. UGS accessibility (beta = 0.285***), safety (beta = 0.212***), and amenities (beta = 0.220***) were positively associated with mental health. Social cohesion (Z = 2.82***) and physical activity (Z = 2.15**) partially mediated these relationships.ConclusionUGS enhances mental health in dense urban environments through both direct and mediated pathways. Subgroup analysis reveals that high and medium-quality UGS have more substantial positive effects through physical activity and social cohesion on mental health. In contrast, the impact of low-quality UGS's is minor and insignificant. Respondents with higher education and income benefit more from UGS on their mental health. Future research using longitudinal data or experimental designs could enhance the robustness of causation. FAU - Ahmad, Maruf AU - Ahmad M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0438-8028 AD - School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China. RINGGOLD: 12480 AD - Rural Development Academy (RDA), Bogura, Bangladesh. FAU - Du, Jinfeng AU - Du J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5379-6813 AD - School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China. RINGGOLD: 12480 FAU - Rashid, Md Jubaer AU - Rashid MJ AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-9816-783X AD - Sustainability Management, ICLEI South Asia, Dhaka, Bangladesh. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20251014 PL - United States TA - Am J Health Promot JT - American journal of health promotion : AJHP JID - 8701680 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Mental Health/statistics & numerical data MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - Adult MH - Bangladesh MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Parks, Recreational MH - *Environment Design MH - Middle Aged MH - Socioeconomic Factors MH - Residence Characteristics MH - Urban Population MH - Neighborhood Characteristics MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent OTO - NOTNLM OT - Dhaka OT - NDVI OT - mediation analysis OT - mental health OT - multilevel modeling OT - physical activity OT - social cohesion OT - urban green space OT - urban green spaces (UGS) COIS- Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. EDAT- 2026/04/02 00:29 MHDA- 2026/04/02 06:30 CRDT- 2026/04/01 23:52 PHST- 2026/04/02 06:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/02 00:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/01 23:52 [entrez] AID - 10.1177/08901171251388878 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Am J Health Promot. 2026 May;40(4):459-470. doi: 10.1177/08901171251388878. Epub 2025 Oct 14. PMID- 41921285 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260806 IS - 1873-3379 (Electronic) IS - 0891-4222 (Linking) VI - 171 DP - 2026 Apr TI - Virtual reality interventions for physical activity and stress reduction in neurodevelopmental disorder family contexts: A scoping review (2015-2025). PG - 105275 LID - S0891-4222(26)00070-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ridd.2026.105275 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) and their families face barriers to physical activity and often accumulate excessive sedentary time. Virtual reality (VR) offers a promising modality to promote active engagement. OBJECTIVE: This scoping review mapped studies using immersive VR nature simulations for stress reduction in NDD family contexts (Tier 1) and recreation-focused VR supporting physical activity (Tier 2). METHODS: Guided by the JBI Manual and PRISMA-ScR, we searched PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, and APA PsycInfo (2015-2025). Searches were executed Oct 30-Nov 1, 2025. Strategies combined VR with nature/outdoor, pediatric/caregiver, and NDD terms. Two reviewers screened and charted data. RESULTS: Of 101 records identified, 32 duplicates were removed and 69 records were screened; 2 studies met inclusion criteria. A caregiver pilot (Tier 1) using a single 15-minute VR nature session showed immediate mood improvements and reduced perceived stress at days 3 and 7, with no serious adverse events. A school-based feasibility study (Tier 2) demonstrated that supervised VR exergaming can achieve moderate-intensity exercise. CONCLUSIONS: VR-enabled interventions appear feasible for caregiver stress reduction and promoting physical activity in children with disabilities. Evidence remains limited; comparative trials examining VR's role in active lifestyle promotion are needed. IMPLICATIONS: Practitioners can integrate VR into structured service delivery. Research should examine dose-response relationships, physiological endpoints, and equity-oriented implementation to advance lifestyle interventions for NDD populations. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Kubota, Kazumi AU - Kubota K AD - Research Organization, Shimonoseki City University, Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi, Japan; Department of Healthcare Information Management, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: kkubota@m.u-tokyo.ac.jp. FAU - Tsuda, Satoko AU - Tsuda S AD - College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan. Electronic address: s-tsuda@fsc.chubu.ac.jp. FAU - Sugimura, Ayumi AU - Sugimura A AD - Nursing Course, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Gifu, Japan. Electronic address: sugimura.ayumi.e4@f.gifu-u.ac.jp. FAU - Fujihara, Satoko AU - Fujihara S AD - Research Department, Institute for Health Economics and Policy, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: satoko.fujihara@ihep.jp. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Scoping Review DEP - 20260331 PL - United States TA - Res Dev Disabil JT - Research in developmental disabilities JID - 8709782 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Virtual Reality MH - *Stress, Psychological/therapy/prevention & control MH - *Neurodevelopmental Disorders/psychology MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - Child MH - *Caregivers/psychology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Exergaming OT - Immersive technology OT - Implementation OT - Parental stress OT - Simulated nature OT - Therapeutic recreation COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/01 18:30 MHDA- 2026/04/11 00:32 CRDT- 2026/04/01 18:01 PHST- 2025/11/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/01/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/11 00:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/01 18:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/01 18:01 [entrez] AID - S0891-4222(26)00070-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ridd.2026.105275 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Res Dev Disabil. 2026 Apr;171:105275. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2026.105275. Epub 2026 Mar 31. PMID- 41920929 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260813 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 4 DP - 2026 TI - Unveiling the chain mediation model of sleep quality and fatigue in linking subjective exercise experience to depression in adolescent. PG - e0333460 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0333460 [doi] LID - e0333460 AB - While the positive correlation between physical exercise and depression has been widely replicated in cross-sectional research, the prognostic value of subjective exercise experience for depression continues to be disputed, and the mediating processes are not well understood. This study aims to elucidate the predictive role of subjective exercise experience in depression and examine the chain mediating effects of sleep quality and fatigue. We administered validated self-report questionnaires to assess these constructs in a sample of 538 Chinese high school students. The results demonstrated that adolescents' depressive symptoms are influenced by subjective exercise experience, and this effect mediated through two independent pathways: sleep quality and fatigue. Moreover, subjective exercise experience can predict adolescent depression via either the sleep quality pathway or the fatigue pathway. The identification of mediating dual pathways provides empirical support for developing targeted exercise interventions that specifically address sleep disturbances and fatigue management in depressed adolescents. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Li et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Li, Xiaoyu AU - Li X AD - School of Physical Education, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shan Dong, China. FAU - Yang, Qian AU - Yang Q AD - School of Physical Education, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shan Dong, China. FAU - Qi, Ziyang AU - Qi Z AD - School of Education and Psychology, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shan Dong, China. FAU - Ma, Changhao AU - Ma C AD - School of Physical Education, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shan Dong, China. FAU - Qi, Shenghua AU - Qi S AD - School of Physical Education, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shan Dong, China. FAU - Ji, Wenliang AU - Ji W AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-2138-0860 AD - School of Physical Education, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shan Dong, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260401 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - *Fatigue/physiopathology/psychology MH - *Depression/physiopathology MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - *Sleep Quality MH - Female MH - Male MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Self Report PMC - PMC13043057 EDAT- 2026/04/01 18:30 MHDA- 2026/04/01 18:31 PMCR- 2026/04/01 CRDT- 2026/04/01 13:53 PHST- 2025/09/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/01 18:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/01 18:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/01 13:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-25-44933 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0333460 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 Apr 1;21(4):e0333460. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0333460. eCollection 2026. PMID- 41919969 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260702 LR - 20260702 IS - 1531-698X (Electronic) IS - 1040-8703 (Linking) VI - 38 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Aug 1 TI - Artificial intelligence in pediatric endocrinology: clinical applications, governance, and future directions. PG - 409-416 LID - 10.1097/MOP.0000000000001564 [doi] AB - PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Artificial intelligence has transitioned from theoretical promise to practical implementation across medicine including pediatric endocrinology. This review examines artificial intelligence applications across diabetes care, obesity management, thyroid disorders, growth and puberty, and bone age assessment followed by discussion of limitations and future directions. RECENT FINDINGS: Artificial intelligence-driven tools ranging from machine learning algorithms to multimodal large language models enable personalized risk prediction, diagnostic support, and treatment optimization. Human-in-the-Loop frameworks enhance safety by integrating computational efficiency with clinician oversight. In diabetes, artificial intelligence supports glycemic forecasting, automated insulin delivery, complication screening, and digital twin modeling for therapeutic discovery. In obesity, thyroid disease, growth disorders, and bone age assessment, artificial intelligence enhances diagnostic accuracy, risk stratification, and clinical workflow efficiency. However, widespread implementation raises concerns regarding algorithmic bias, data privacy, transparency, regulatory oversight, and health equity. Addressing these limitations through explainable artificial intelligence, federated learning, and continuous performance monitoring is essential. SUMMARY: Artificial intelligence should be viewed as an augmentative tool that enhances clinical judgment in pediatric endocrinology. Preparing the next generation of pediatric endocrinologists will require intentional integration of artificial intelligence literacy into training programs, equipping clinicians to critically evaluate algorithms, interpret outputs responsibly, and participate in the ethical development of future artificial intelligence-enabled tools. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Sasidharan Pillai, Sabitha AU - Sasidharan Pillai S AD - Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Children's Hospital Los Angeles. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California. FAU - Ashraf, Ambika P AU - Ashraf AP AD - Department of Pediatrics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260330 PL - United States TA - Curr Opin Pediatr JT - Current opinion in pediatrics JID - 9000850 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Artificial Intelligence/trends MH - *Endocrinology/trends/methods MH - *Pediatrics/trends/methods MH - Child MH - Federated Learning OTO - NOTNLM OT - Human-in-the-Loop OT - artificial intelligence OT - clinical decision support systems OT - pediatric endocrinology EDAT- 2026/04/01 12:31 MHDA- 2026/07/02 06:39 CRDT- 2026/04/01 09:23 PHST- 2026/07/02 06:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/01 12:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/01 09:23 [entrez] AID - 00008480-202608000-00013 [pii] AID - 10.1097/MOP.0000000000001564 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Curr Opin Pediatr. 2026 Aug 1;38(4):409-416. doi: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000001564. Epub 2026 Mar 30. PMID- 41919929 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260716 IS - 1938-1344 (Electronic) IS - 0190-6011 (Linking) VI - 56 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Apr TI - Is a Neuromuscular Training Warm-up Enough for Injury and Concussion Prevention in High School Girl Rugby Players? PG - 261-271 LID - 10.2519/jospt.2026.13373 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of a rugby-specific neuromuscular training (NMT) warm-up on injury and concussion rates in Canadian high school girls' rugby. DESIGN: Quasi-experimental study. METHODS: Two high school girls' rugby cohorts (control seasons 2018, 2019; intervention seasons 2022, 2023) were compared using validated injury surveillance methodology. Coaches attended a rugby-specific NMT warm-up workshop before the intervention seasons. Outcomes of interest were injury and concussion. Multilevel Poisson regression analyses were used to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRRs) (95% confidence intervals [CIs]) comparing intervention and control cohorts, adjusted for injury history and rugby playing experience, offset by match hours and random effects (team and individual level). RESULTS: There were 409 player seasons (13 teams) in control seasons and 483 player seasons (17 teams) in intervention seasons. Concussions accounted for 41% (62/150) of match injuries in control seasons and 31% (70/226) in intervention seasons. Intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol (PP) analyses demonstrated no differences in match injury rates (IRR(ITT): 1.06; 95% CI: 0.75, 1.50; IRR(PP): 0.91; 95% CI: 0.69, 1.21) or match concussions rates (IRR(ITT): 0.79; 95% CI: 0.52, 1.20; IRR(PP): 0.74; 95% CI: 0.47, 1.17) between intervention and control seasons. Head-match injury burden (mean difference, -194 days of time-loss per 1000 match hours; 95% CI: -349, -39) and all-training injury burden (mean difference, -17 days of time-loss per 1000 match hours; 95% CI: -27, -7) were lower in the intervention seasons. CONCLUSION: While no statistically significant differences were found in match injury or concussion rates in the intervention and control seasons, regardless of adherence level, there was a clinically relevant 21% lower match concussion rate and lower match-head injury and all-training injury burden with NMT warm-up use. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2026;56(4):261-271. Epub 2 March 2026. doi:10.2519/jospt.2026.13373. FAU - Shill, Isla J AU - Shill IJ FAU - van den Berg, Carla AU - van den Berg C FAU - West, Stephen W AU - West SW FAU - Galarneau, Jean-Michel AU - Galarneau JM FAU - Fraser, Kristina AU - Fraser K FAU - Schneider, Kathryn J AU - Schneider KJ FAU - Pasanen, Kati AU - Pasanen K FAU - Pike, Ian AU - Pike I FAU - Palmer, Debbie AU - Palmer D FAU - Stokes, Keith A AU - Stokes KA FAU - Hagel, Brent E AU - Hagel BE FAU - Emery, Carolyn A AU - Emery CA LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - J Orthop Sports Phys Ther JT - The Journal of orthopaedic and sports physical therapy JID - 7908150 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Football/injuries MH - *Brain Concussion/prevention & control/epidemiology MH - Adolescent MH - *Warm-Up Exercise MH - *Athletic Injuries/prevention & control/epidemiology MH - Canada/epidemiology MH - Incidence OTO - NOTNLM OT - concussion OT - girl OT - injury OT - injury prevention OT - neuromuscular training warm-up OT - rugby union EDAT- 2026/04/01 12:32 MHDA- 2026/04/01 12:33 CRDT- 2026/04/01 09:02 PHST- 2026/04/01 12:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/01 12:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/01 09:02 [entrez] AID - 10.2519/jospt.2026.13373 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2026 Apr;56(4):261-271. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2026.13373. PMID- 41917889 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260627 LR - 20260813 IS - 1471-2431 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2431 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 1 TI - Educational practices for promoting healthy hydration in primary education in the face of climate change: a systematic review of the literature. LID - 10.1186/s12887-026-06773-y [doi] LID - 431 AB - Climate change is increasing children's exposure to heat and, consequently, their risk of dehydration during their primary school years. Yet hydration education is not consistently embedded in education policy or primary curricula. This systematic review, reported in accordance with PRISMA 2020, examined school-based educational practices designed to promote healthy hydration in Primary Education (6 to 12 years). A search was conducted in the Web of Science Core Collection on January 29th, 2025 for studies published between 2015 and 2024. Two reviewers independently screened records and assessed risk of bias using design-appropriate tools (RoB 2, ROBINS-I, and JBI checklists). Given the substantial heterogeneity in intervention components and outcome indicators, a narrative synthesis was performed. Twelve studies were included, spanning randomized and non-randomized interventions and observational and qualitative or documentary designs across diverse school contexts. Overall, multi-component approaches, particularly those combining improved access to drinking water with classroom-based educational activities and routine supports, were associated with increased water intake, and when measured, improved physiological hydration indicators. Evidence for broader outcomes, including cognitive or academic measures and sustainability-related awareness, was mixed and dependent on the outcome assessed. Risk of bias ranged from low to high; common limitations included reliance on self-reported intake, short intervention duration, limited control for confounding in non-randomized designs, and scarce medium- to long-term follow-up. Future research should prioritize standardized and validated hydration measures, clearer specification of educational strategies, including teacher roles and competencies, and longer follow-up to strengthen the evidence base under climate-related heat risks. FAU - Fornons-Casol, Laura AU - Fornons-Casol L AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-0373-4225 AD - Department of Education Sciences, Universitat de Lleida, C/ Av. Estudi General 4, Lleida, 25001, Spain. laura.fornons@udl.cat. FAU - Ramos-Pla, Anabel AU - Ramos-Pla A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5437-150X AD - Department of Education Sciences, Universitat de Lleida, C/ Av. Estudi General 4, Lleida, 25001, Spain. FAU - Olondriz-Valverde, Aleix AU - Olondriz-Valverde A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6456-388X AD - Department of Education Sciences, Universitat de Lleida, C/ Av. Estudi General 4, Lleida, 25001, Spain. FAU - Selva-Pareja, Laia AU - Selva-Pareja L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7443-7470 AD - Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Universitat de Lleida, C/ de Montserrat Roig 2, Lleida, 25198, Spain. LA - eng GR - (Project Code: 2023 CLIMA 00047)/Department of Research and Universities, the Department of Climate Action, Food and Rural Agenda, and the Climate Fund of the Generalitat de Catalunya/ PT - Journal Article PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20260401 PL - England TA - BMC Pediatr JT - BMC pediatrics JID - 100967804 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Climate Change MH - *Dehydration/prevention & control MH - Child MH - *Health Promotion/methods MH - Schools MH - Drinking PMC - PMC13169862 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Health education OT - Hydration OT - Primary Education OT - School-based intervention OT - Systematic review COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The project HIDROPONENT received a favourable approval from the Comite de Etica de Investigacion y Transferencia, University of Lleida, on 9 December 2025, reference number CERT198. The present manuscript is a systematic review of published literature and did not involve human participants or the collection of new personal data; therefore, consent to participate was not applicable. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/01 07:04 MHDA- 2026/06/27 12:37 PMCR- 2026/04/01 CRDT- 2026/04/01 01:18 PHST- 2026/01/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 12:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/01 07:04 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/01 01:18 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-06773-y [pii] AID - 6773 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12887-026-06773-y [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pediatr. 2026 Apr 1;26(1):431. doi: 10.1186/s12887-026-06773-y. PMID- 41917807 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260714 IS - 1477-0334 (Electronic) IS - 0962-2802 (Linking) VI - 35 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Apr TI - Improving finite sample performance of causal discovery by exploiting temporal structure. PG - 867-886 LID - 10.1177/09622802261422162 [doi] AB - Methods of causal discovery aim to identify causal structures in a data-driven way. Existing algorithms are known to be unstable and sensitive to statistical errors, and are therefore rarely used with biomedical or epidemiological data. We investigate an algorithm that efficiently exploits temporal structure, so-called tiered background knowledge, for estimating causal structures. Tiered background knowledge is readily available from, for example, cohort or registry data. When used efficiently it renders the algorithm more robust to statistical errors and ultimately increases accuracy in finite samples. We describe the algorithm and illustrate how it proceeds. Moreover, we offer formal proofs as well as examples of desirable properties of the algorithm, which we demonstrate empirically in an extensive simulation study. To illustrate its usefulness in practice, we apply the algorithm to data from a children's cohort study investigating the interplay of diet, physical activity and other lifestyle factors for health outcomes. FAU - W Bang, Christine AU - W Bang C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6975-6840 AD - Department of Statistical Methods in Epidemiology, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany. RINGGOLD: 39967 AD - Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Sciences, University of Bremen, Germany. FAU - Witte, Janine AU - Witte J AD - Department of Statistical Methods in Epidemiology, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany. RINGGOLD: 39967 FAU - Foraita, Ronja AU - Foraita R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2216-6653 AD - Department of Statistical Methods in Epidemiology, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany. RINGGOLD: 39967 FAU - Didelez, Vanessa AU - Didelez V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8587-7706 AD - Department of Statistical Methods in Epidemiology, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany. RINGGOLD: 39967 AD - Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Sciences, University of Bremen, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260331 PL - England TA - Stat Methods Med Res JT - Statistical methods in medical research JID - 9212457 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Algorithms MH - *Causality MH - Cohort Studies MH - Models, Statistical MH - Computer Simulation MH - Child OTO - NOTNLM OT - Causal inference OT - PC algorithm OT - background knowledge OT - causal graphs OT - cohort data OT - graphical models COIS- Declaration of conflicting interestsThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. EDAT- 2026/04/01 07:04 MHDA- 2026/05/11 18:32 CRDT- 2026/04/01 01:04 PHST- 2026/05/11 18:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/01 07:04 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/01 01:04 [entrez] AID - 10.1177/09622802261422162 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Stat Methods Med Res. 2026 Apr;35(4):867-886. doi: 10.1177/09622802261422162. Epub 2026 Mar 31. PMID- 41917678 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260614 LR - 20260902 IS - 1526-3231 (Electronic) IS - 0749-8063 (Linking) VI - 42 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Smaller Lateral-to-Medial Tibial Plateau Ratios Are Strongly Correlative With Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears and Reconstruction Failures. PG - 1030-1038 LID - 10.1002/arj.70149 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: To compare the anterior-posterior distance ratio of the lateral-to-medial tibial plateau (LTP/MTP) among 3 patient groups: those with intact anterior cruciate ligaments (ACLi), primary ACL tears (ACLp), and failed ACL reconstructions (ACLf). METHODS: We retrospectively identified skeletally mature patients (16-40 years) who underwent knee magnetic resonance imaging between May 2013 and March 2022. Patients were included if they had adequate radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging available and were required to have a minimum of 2 years of follow-up for confirmation of ACL status. The anterior to posterior distance of the LTP and anterior to posterior distance of the MTP were measured on axial T1 magnetic resonance imaging to compute LTP/MTP. Tibial eminence width was measured between tibial spine peaks on coronal T1 magnetic resonance imaging. Posterior tibial slope (PTS) was calculated on lateral knee radiographs. Multivariate logistic regression identified predictors of ACLp and ACLf. RESULTS: Demographic characteristics: age, sex, and body mass index were no different between groups. The intraclass correlation coefficients for the morphometric measurements ranged from 0.750 to 0.902 indicating good to excellent agreement among the 3 raters and intrarater reliability testing. Mean PTS was significantly higher in ACLf (12.1 +/- 2.9 degrees ) compared with ACLi (10.3 +/- 2.0 degrees ) and ACLp (10.6 +/- 2.6 degrees ) (P < .001). The mean LTP/MTP ratio was significantly lower in ACLp (0.79 +/- 0.06) and ACLf (0.77 +/- 0.06) versus ACLi (0.84 +/- 0.06) (P < .001). In logistic regression comparing ACLp to ACLi, a lower LTP/MTP ratio was the only significant morphologic predictor (odds ratio [OR], 0.87; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.80-0.95). In contrast, when compared with ACLi, ACLf were significantly predicted by a lower LTP/MTP ratio (OR, 0.82; 95% CI: 0.74-0.91), higher PTS (OR, 1.38; 95% CI: 1.14-1.73), and narrower tibial eminence width (OR, 0.70; 95% CI: 0.51-0.94). A direct comparison found that higher PTS, narrower tibial eminence width, and higher body mass index were significantly associated with ACLf versus a ACLp. For every 1-degree increase in PTS, the odds of a retear versus ACL increased by 38%. CONCLUSIONS: This study identifies the LTP/MTP ratio as a key anatomical risk factor for ACL injury. Specifically, a smaller LTP/MTP ratio was associated with a significantly higher odds of both primary ACL tears and subsequent retears relative to individuals without ACL injury. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III, retrospective comparative study. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Arthroscopy published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of the Arthroscopy Association of North America. FAU - Ihn, Hansel E AU - Ihn HE AD - Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S.A. FAU - Hunter, Collin D R AU - Hunter CDR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7677-0667 AD - Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S.A. FAU - Mortensen, Alexander J AU - Mortensen AJ AD - Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S.A. FAU - Johnson, Benjamin T AU - Johnson BT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5360-732X AD - Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S.A. FAU - Eddington, Devin AU - Eddington D AD - Division of Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S.A. FAU - Aoki, Stephen K AU - Aoki SK AD - Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S.A. FAU - Ernat, Justin J AU - Ernat JJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2306-7745 AD - Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S.A. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260331 PL - United States TA - Arthroscopy JT - Arthroscopy : the journal of arthroscopic & related surgery : official publication of the Arthroscopy Association of North America and the International Arthroscopy Association JID - 8506498 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - *Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries/surgery/diagnostic imaging/pathology MH - *Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction MH - Magnetic Resonance Imaging MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Tibia/diagnostic imaging/pathology/anatomy & histology MH - Treatment Failure EDAT- 2026/04/01 07:04 MHDA- 2026/06/15 11:33 CRDT- 2026/04/01 00:05 PHST- 2025/05/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/11/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/15 11:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/01 07:04 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/01 00:05 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/arj.70149 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Arthroscopy. 2026 Jun;42(6):1030-1038. doi: 10.1002/arj.70149. Epub 2026 Mar 31. PMID- 41917629 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260714 IS - 0065-2598 (Print) IS - 0065-2598 (Linking) VI - 1505 DP - 2026 TI - Assessment of Adolescent Growth and Development. PG - 145-158 LID - 10.1007/978-981-95-7000-3_7 [doi] AB - Evaluating growth and development is crucial to understanding the health status of adolescents. This assessment, through physical examination, requires healthcare experts and can be challenging due to subjectivity and privacy concerns. Similarly, psychosocial growth is subjective and also requires complex evaluations by professionals. This complexity makes physical growth assessment based on anthropometric measures a more useful and convenient indicator for monitoring growth. Therefore, anthropometric measurements should be assessed with more precise methods and calibrated equipment. Considerations of precision, reliability, and validity are essential for growth assessments when planning health strategies, nutritional status, and overall well-being. The study design should be carefully selected based on the objectives. An adequate sample size is also critical in capturing the true variability of the study population. Adolescents undergo a growth spurt due to prepuberty and puberty; thus, the development of growth centile charts necessitates appropriate assessment methodology and validations to effectively evaluate growth status and capture its variations. The differences, velocity, and acceleration charts are essential in creating reference growth centiles for a population, especially for adolescents. The appropriate statistical methodology, based on exploratory data analysis and modeling for estimating centiles, has fundamental implications. GAMLSS is a more flexible model that can capture the growth spurt due to puberty in adolescents, utilizing various distribution families, smoothing functions, and the ability to model each parameter with multiple covariates. Cross-validation enhances confidence in the generalizability of the statistical model and growth centiles for the target population. These growth centile charts are vital for early detection of growth disorders, nutritional assessments, monitoring, and informed decision-making in clinical and public health contexts. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. FAU - Khurram, Haris AU - Khurram H AD - National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, Chiniot-Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad, Pakistan. haris.khurram@nu.edu.pk. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - United States TA - Adv Exp Med Biol JT - Advances in experimental medicine and biology JID - 0121103 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - *Adolescent Development/physiology MH - Growth Charts MH - Puberty/physiology MH - Anthropometry/methods OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescents OT - GAMLSS OT - Growth assessment OT - Growth centiles OT - Growth charts OT - Nutrition status EDAT- 2026/04/01 07:04 MHDA- 2026/04/01 07:05 CRDT- 2026/04/01 00:04 PHST- 2026/04/01 07:05 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/01 07:04 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/01 00:04 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/978-981-95-7000-3_7 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Adv Exp Med Biol. 2026;1505:145-158. doi: 10.1007/978-981-95-7000-3_7. PMID- 41917155 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260520 LR - 20260813 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Mar 31 TI - Quantitative comparison of explainable AI methods for interpreting deep learning-based classification of 3D gait kinematics. LID - 10.1038/s41598-026-46243-0 [doi] LID - 15560 AB - Gait disorders can be caused by various reasons including cerebral palsy and neuromuscular diseases. 3D clinical gait analysis (3DGA) serves as a valuable clinical tool to assess gait abnormalities. Our previous research introduced a diagnostic tool that combines deep learning (DL) with 3DGA to evaluate childhood gait disorders. It achieved a promising diagnostic accuracy ranging from 0.77 to 0.99 across different pathologies. However, the lack of transparency limits their adoption. This research seeks to unveil the critical features that drive these models' diagnoses, improving interpretability and building trust in their decision-making process. Four different explaining artificial intelligence (XAI) methods were applied: LIME, DeepLift, Integrated Gradients, and sequential feature selection. These methods were used on various network architectures applied to three separate datasets involving different gait disorders. The results show that the features highlighted by XAI methods are relevant and reliable for diagnostic purposes. Moreover, quantitative analysis indicated that Integrated Gradients is the most appropriate XAI method in this case. Further experiments demonstrate that using parts of the critical features can achieve better accuracy than using all of the features. In conclusion, this research identified the diagnostic basis of DL models through XAI methods, enhanced diagnostic accuracy by focusing on critical features, and improved clinicians' understanding and trust in the DL diagnostic tool. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Lan, Zhengyang AU - Lan Z AD - Laboratoire de Traitement de l'Information Medicale INSERM U1101, Brest, France. AD - IMT Atlantique, LaTIM U1101 INSERM, Brest, France. FAU - Lempereur, Mathieu AU - Lempereur M AD - Laboratoire de Traitement de l'Information Medicale INSERM U1101, Brest, France. mathieu.lempereur@univ-brest.fr. AD - Universite de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France. mathieu.lempereur@univ-brest.fr. AD - CHU de Brest, Hopital Morvan, service de medecine physique et de readaptation, 2 avenue Foch, Brest cedex, Brest, 29609, France. mathieu.lempereur@univ-brest.fr. FAU - Aissa-El-Bey, Abdeldjalil AU - Aissa-El-Bey A AD - IMT Atlantique, UMR CNRS 6285, Lab-STICC, Brest, France. FAU - Brochard, Sylvain AU - Brochard S AD - Laboratoire de Traitement de l'Information Medicale INSERM U1101, Brest, France. AD - Universite de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France. AD - CHU de Brest, Hopital Morvan, service de medecine physique et de readaptation, 2 avenue Foch, Brest cedex, Brest, 29609, France. FAU - Rousseau, Francois AU - Rousseau F AD - Laboratoire de Traitement de l'Information Medicale INSERM U1101, Brest, France. AD - IMT Atlantique, LaTIM U1101 INSERM, Brest, France. LA - eng GR - ANR-19-CHIA-0015/ANR AI4CHILD Project/ PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260331 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 SB - IM MH - *Deep Learning MH - *Biomechanical Phenomena MH - *Gait Analysis/methods MH - *Gait Disorders, Neurologic/diagnosis/etiology MH - Cerebral Palsy/complications MH - Humans MH - Child PMC - PMC13187468 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cerebral palsy OT - Deep learning OT - Diagnostic tool OT - Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) OT - Times series classification COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/01 00:29 MHDA- 2026/05/20 06:32 PMCR- 2026/03/31 CRDT- 2026/03/31 23:47 PHST- 2025/05/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/20 06:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/01 00:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/31 23:47 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-46243-0 [pii] AID - 46243 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-46243-0 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2026 Mar 31;16(1):15560. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-46243-0. PMID- 41917087 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260518 LR - 20260813 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Mar 31 TI - Prediction of individual optimal drop height in drop jump from anthropometric and strength variables. LID - 10.1038/s41598-026-45266-x [doi] LID - 15270 AB - This study aimed to investigate the associations between individual optimal drop height (ODH), as determined by the reactive strength index (RSI) method, and selected anthropometric and strength parameters, and to develop a prediction model for ODH based on these variables. A total of 49 participants were recruited, and measurements included body height, body mass, maximal muscle strength (MSmax), lower limb stiffness, reactive strength ratio (RSR), countermovement jump (CMJ) height, and ODH. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to examine the relationships between ODH and the assessed variables. A multiple linear regression model was constructed in a stepwise manner to predict individual ODH. Significant correlations were observed between ODH and relative MSmax (r = 0.827, P < 0.001), RSR (r = 0.703, P < 0.001), body mass (r = -0.481, P < 0.01), body height (r = -0.430, P < 0.01), and CMJ height (r = 0.487, P < 0.01). Relative MSmax, CMJ height and RSR collectively explained 78.4% of the variance in ODH (R(2) = 0.784). The final prediction equation was: ODH = -45.602+31.027*relative MS(max) +0.548*CMJ height +5.549*RSR (R(2) = 0.784, F (3, 36) = 48.190, p < 0.001). Coaches should consider body height, body mass, RSR, relative MSmax, and CMJ height when prescribing drop jump height. Moreover, an individual's ODH should be adjusted when changes in CMJ height or relative MSmax occur. Finally, this study provides a practical prediction equation for estimating individual ODH using relative MSmax and CMJ height as input variables. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Xie, Yongmin AU - Xie Y AD - School of Strength and Conditioning Training, Beijing Sport University, Haidian, 100084, China. xieyongminbsu@163.com. FAU - Peng, Fan AU - Peng F AD - School of Strength and Conditioning Training, Beijing Sport University, Haidian, 100084, China. FAU - Pan, Xinyu AU - Pan X AD - School of Strength and Conditioning Training, Beijing Sport University, Haidian, 100084, China. FAU - Sun, Qinchang AU - Sun Q AD - School of Strength and Conditioning Training, Beijing Sport University, Haidian, 100084, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260331 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 SB - IM MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Anthropometry/methods MH - *Body Mass Index MH - *Body Height/physiology MH - *Muscle Strength/physiology MH - *Exercise Test/methods/statistics & numerical data MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - Athletes/statistics & numerical data MH - Athletic Performance/physiology MH - Plyometric Exercise/methods MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Regression Analysis PMC - PMC13181053 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Optimal drop height OT - Plyometric training OT - Reactive strength OT - Training intensity COIS- Decleartions. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/01 00:29 MHDA- 2026/05/18 00:30 PMCR- 2026/03/31 CRDT- 2026/03/31 23:39 PHST- 2025/08/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/18 00:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/01 00:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/31 23:39 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-45266-x [pii] AID - 45266 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-45266-x [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2026 Mar 31;16(1):15270. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-45266-x. PMID- 41916909 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260814 IS - 2160-7648 (Electronic) IS - 2160-763X (Print) IS - 2160-763X (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Apr TI - Single-Dose Bioequivalence Study of Elagolix Tablets 200 mg (Test Product) and Elagolix Tablets 200 mg (Reference Product) in Healthy Non-Pregnant, Non-Lactating Premenopausal Female Subjects Under Fasting Conditions. PG - e70053 LID - 10.1002/cpdd.70053 [doi] LID - e70053 AB - Elagolix is a short-acting oral gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist utilized for treating endometriosis-associated pain by rapidly suppressing gonadotropins and estradiol. Although well characterized in Western populations, clinical data regarding its use in Indian women remain limited. This study evaluated the pharmacokinetics, safety, and bioequivalence of a test 200 mg Elagolix tablet against a reference formulation under fasting conditions. The randomized, open-label, four-period crossover trial involved 60 healthy women aged 18-40 years who received single oral doses of either formulation. Plasma concentrations were monitored via validated UHPLC-MS/MS for 24 h post-dose. Fifty-nine participants completed the study, with results indicating rapid absorption (median T(max) 1.25-1.50 h) and a mean half-life of approximately 2.1-2.2 h. Bioequivalence was established as the 90% confidence intervals for key pharmacokinetic parameters-C(max), AUC(0-t), and AUC(0-infinity)-fell within the regulatory 80%-125% acceptance limits. Specifically, the median AUC(0-t) was 3341.23 ng h/mL for the test product compared to 3365.30 ng h/mL for the reference. Both formulations exhibited comparable safety profiles, with only five mild, resolvable adverse events reported. These findings confirm that the test formulation is bioequivalent to the reference standard, supporting its viability as a safe and effective therapeutic alternative. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Clinical Pharmacology in Drug Development published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American College of Clinical Pharmacology. FAU - Kumar, Sudershan AU - Kumar S AD - Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Limited, Mumbai, India. FAU - Khuroo, Arshad AU - Khuroo A AD - Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Limited, Mumbai, India. FAU - Quadros, Reshma AU - Quadros R AD - Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Limited, Mumbai, India. FAU - Dharmadhikari, Shruti AU - Dharmadhikari S AD - Sun Pharma Laboratories Limited, Mumbai, India. FAU - Khandhedia, Chintan AU - Khandhedia C AD - Sun Pharma Laboratories Limited, Mumbai, India. FAU - Puppalwar, Gaurav AU - Puppalwar G AD - Sun Pharma Laboratories Limited, Mumbai, India. FAU - Mane, Amey AU - Mane A AD - Sun Pharma Laboratories Limited, Mumbai, India. LA - eng GR - Sun Pharma Laboratories/ PT - Equivalence Trial PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PL - United States TA - Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev JT - Clinical pharmacology in drug development JID - 101572899 RN - 5B2546MB5Z (elagolix) RN - 0 (Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated) RN - 0 (Pyrimidines) RN - 0 (Tablets) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Young Adult MH - Administration, Oral MH - Area Under Curve MH - Cross-Over Studies MH - Fasting/blood MH - Half-Life MH - Healthy Volunteers MH - *Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated/pharmacokinetics MH - Premenopause/blood MH - *Pyrimidines/pharmacokinetics MH - Tablets MH - Tandem Mass Spectrometry MH - Therapeutic Equivalency PMC - PMC13038420 OTO - NOTNLM OT - bioequivalence OT - elagolix OT - endometriosis OT - pharmacokinetics OT - safety COIS- The authors are full-time employees of Sun Pharma. EDAT- 2026/04/01 00:29 MHDA- 2026/04/01 00:30 PMCR- 2026/04/01 CRDT- 2026/03/31 23:03 PHST- 2025/12/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/01 00:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/01 00:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/31 23:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - CPDD70053 [pii] AID - 10.1002/cpdd.70053 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev. 2026 Apr;15(4):e70053. doi: 10.1002/cpdd.70053. PMID- 41916638 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260813 IS - 2044-6055 (Electronic) IS - 2044-6055 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Mar 31 TI - Quantitative and qualitative motion analysis for early detection of joint damage in haemophilia patients: study protocol for a pilot feasibility study at a German haemophilia treatment centre. PG - e108291 LID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2025-108291 [doi] LID - e108291 AB - INTRODUCTION: Joint bleeds are the most significant complication in haemophilia, leading to functional impairment and reduced quality of life. Repeated bleeding during early childhood can cause severe physical limitations in adulthood. Early detection of joint damage, combined with therapeutic interventions, has a huge impact on mobility, physical health and long-term quality of life. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: A novel markerless video motion analysis method using deep neural networks will be explored in this single-centre, prospective, longitudinal pilot feasibility study. The study will include children and young adults with haemophilia, as well as age-matched healthy controls. Standardised video recordings, the Haemophilia Joint Health Score (HJHS), clinical data, accelerometer-based physical activity tracking and questionnaires on quality of life and activity levels will be collected at baseline and after 12 months.For haemophilia patients, individual consultations will be held after each assessment to discuss joint health and possible interventions. Results will be compared with those of healthy participants to assess the method's feasibility and to explore outcome differences and correlations. The primary focus will be on evaluating the study's feasibility, practicability, acceptance, possible risks and data quality with regards to a potential future multicentre trial. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The study was approved by the local Ethics Committee at the Medical Faculty and the University Hospital Tubingen (project No. 188/2023BO1, approval 5 July 2023, protocol version 2.1) and registered at the German Clinical Trials Register (registered 22 September 2023, https://drks.de/search/en/trial/DRKS00032707). Results will be shared at conferences and in peer-reviewed journals.This pilot study will explore the feasibility, practicability and acceptance of a protocol using artificial intelligence in gait analysis to identify patients at risk of early joint damage and to monitor the functional status of children and young adults with haemophilia in routine care. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: German Clinical Trials Registry (DRKS00032707). CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ Group. FAU - Schober, Sarah AU - Schober S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4776-1790 AD - Clinic for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Paediatrics I - Haematology, Oncology, Gastroenterology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University Hospital Tubingen, Tubingen, Germany. FAU - Hansmann, Sandra AU - Hansmann S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7486-3090 AD - Clinic for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Paediatrics III - Neuropaediatrics, General Paediatrics, Diabetology, Endocrinology, Social Paediatrics, University Hospital Tubingen, Tubingen, Germany sandra.hansmann@med.uni-tuebingen.de. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260331 PL - England TA - BMJ Open JT - BMJ open JID - 101552874 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Pilot Projects MH - *Hemophilia A/complications MH - Feasibility Studies MH - Germany MH - Child MH - Quality of Life MH - Prospective Studies MH - Adolescent MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - Video Recording MH - Early Diagnosis MH - Child, Preschool MH - Joints MH - Research Design MH - *Joint Diseases/diagnosis/etiology MH - *Hemarthrosis/diagnosis/etiology MH - Longitudinal Studies PMC - PMC13052583 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bleeding disorders & coagulopathies OT - Gait Analysis OT - PAEDIATRICS OT - Physical Fitness OT - Quality of Life COIS- Competing interests: The authors declare that they are affiliated with the University of Tubingen, which provided APC funding for this publication. The funders had no role in the study design; data collection, analysis or interpretation; manuscript preparation; or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest relevant to the content of this research study. EDAT- 2026/04/01 00:29 MHDA- 2026/04/01 00:30 PMCR- 2026/03/31 CRDT- 2026/03/31 20:32 PHST- 2026/04/01 00:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/01 00:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/31 20:32 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjopen-2025-108291 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2025-108291 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Open. 2026 Mar 31;16(3):e108291. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2025-108291. PMID- 41916414 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260813 IS - 1502-7724 (Electronic) IS - 0281-3432 (Print) IS - 0281-3432 (Linking) VI - 44 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Dec TI - Screening for iron deficiency in young women: the predictive validity of a five-item screening instrument (IRON-5). PG - 2649329 LID - 10.1080/02813432.2026.2649329 [doi] LID - 2649329 AB - BACKGROUND: Iron deficiency is the most common micronutrient deficiency worldwide, negatively affecting quality of life and health. Young women are at particularly high risk due to increased iron demands during growth, menstrual blood losses, and dietary habits. There are no official guidelines recommending screening for iron deficiency in healthy young women. This study aimed to develop a screening instrument (IRON-5) to predict iron deficiency in this group, with relevance for use in primary care and school health services. METHODS: In 2023, a cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the prevalence of iron deficiency and associated factors in high school girls. A questionnaire assessing dietary habits, menstrual bleeding patterns, iron supplement use, and hormonal contraceptive use was administered. Iron deficiency was defined as serum ferritin <15 microg/L. A post-hoc analysis identified the strongest predictors of iron deficiency and incorporated them into a risk-scoring model. RESULTS: The final instrument included five predictors: a non-omnivorous diet, heavy menstruation causing discomfort, avoidance of activities due to menstruation, no iron supplementation, and non-use of hormonal contraceptives. A scoring system (0-5) was developed. Using a threshold score of >/= 3, the model achieved a sensitivity of 74% and specificity of 57% for detecting iron deficiency. CONCLUSION: The IRON-5 is a concise and user-friendly screening instrument designed to identify young women at risk of iron deficiency. It demonstrated good sensitivity and may serve as a cost-effective method to prioritize individuals for blood testing. IRON-5 could support identification and prevention strategies in school-based and primary care settings. FAU - Vinge, Fredrik AU - Vinge F AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-9498-1573 AD - Centre for Primary Health Care Research, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmo, Lund University, Malmo, Sweden. AD - University Clinic Primary Care, Skane University Hospital, Region Skane, Sweden. FAU - Stubbendorff, Anna AU - Stubbendorff A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9851-6213 AD - Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmo, Lund University, Malmo, Sweden. FAU - Bolmsjo, Beata Borgstrom AU - Bolmsjo BB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7655-0613 AD - Centre for Primary Health Care Research, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmo, Lund University, Malmo, Sweden. AD - University Clinic Primary Care, Skane University Hospital, Region Skane, Sweden. FAU - Jakobsson, Ulf AU - Jakobsson U AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3676-307X AD - Centre for Primary Health Care Research, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmo, Lund University, Malmo, Sweden. AD - University Clinic Primary Care, Skane University Hospital, Region Skane, Sweden. FAU - Milos Nymberg, Veronica AU - Milos Nymberg V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3836-3048 AD - Centre for Primary Health Care Research, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmo, Lund University, Malmo, Sweden. AD - University Clinic Primary Care, Skane University Hospital, Region Skane, Sweden. FAU - Wolff, Moa AU - Wolff M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0656-7628 AD - Centre for Primary Health Care Research, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmo, Lund University, Malmo, Sweden. AD - University Clinic Primary Care, Skane University Hospital, Region Skane, Sweden. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260331 PL - United States TA - Scand J Prim Health Care JT - Scandinavian journal of primary health care JID - 8510679 RN - 9007-73-2 (Ferritins) RN - E1UOL152H7 (Iron) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adolescent MH - *Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/diagnosis/epidemiology MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Mass Screening/methods MH - Ferritins/blood MH - Prevalence MH - *Iron Deficiencies MH - Menstruation MH - Dietary Supplements MH - Sensitivity and Specificity MH - Feeding Behavior MH - Primary Health Care MH - Iron MH - Diet PMC - PMC13047845 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Iron deficiency OT - adolescent OT - dietary habits OT - female OT - mass screening OT - primary health care OT - risk assessment COIS- No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s). EDAT- 2026/04/01 00:28 MHDA- 2026/04/01 00:29 PMCR- 2026/03/31 CRDT- 2026/03/31 19:13 PHST- 2026/04/01 00:29 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/01 00:28 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/31 19:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2649329 [pii] AID - 10.1080/02813432.2026.2649329 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Scand J Prim Health Care. 2026 Dec;44(1):2649329. doi: 10.1080/02813432.2026.2649329. Epub 2026 Mar 31. PMID- 41915661 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260813 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 3 DP - 2026 TI - Validity and reliability of Indonesian version of the digital screen exposure questionnaire (DSEQ) for young children. PG - e0346133 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0346133 [doi] LID - e0346133 AB - Studies have shown that excessive screen time in early childhood can negatively affect development. Therefore, assessing screen exposure in young children is important for preventing these negative effects. However, only a limited number of validated and reliable tools have been adapted into the Indonesian language. This study aimed to translate, culturally adapt, and evaluate the validity and reliability of the Digital Screen Exposure Questionnaire (DSEQ) for Indonesian children aged 2-5 years. This cross-sectional study included 171 caregivers. The translation and adaptation processes followed internationally accepted guidelines for patient-reported outcomes measures, with content and face validity evaluated through expert reviews. Reliability was assessed based on the COSMIN guidelines and previous studies, with internal consistency measured using Cronbach's alpha and test-retest reliability assessed in a subsample of 31 caregivers using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). This study is the first cultural adaptation of the DSEQ in Indonesia and demonstrates good face and content validity, as confirmed by expert evaluations. Internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) was strong for screen-time exposure and home media environment (0.704), media-related behaviors (0.863), and physical activity (0.768), whereas test-retest reliability across the three domains was moderate to high (ICC values: 0.514-0.946), with lower ICC values observed for the item related to parental supervision while watching television, which may vary owing to differences in household routines and parental availability. These findings support the Indonesian DSEQ as a valid and reliable tool for evaluating exposure to digital screens among children. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Khatimah et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Khatimah, Nur Faidar Khusnul AU - Khatimah NFK AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-4838-0200 AD - Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School of Human Health Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Arakawa, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Jusriani, Jusriani AU - Jusriani J AD - Keanna Center, Optimum Child Growth and Development Center, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. FAU - Wulandari, Desi AU - Wulandari D AD - OrthoTrimedical Care Center, Orthotic-Prosthetic and Child Development Therapy Center, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. FAU - Gima, Hirotaka AU - Gima H AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-0630-8400 AD - Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School of Human Health Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Arakawa, Tokyo, Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260331 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Indonesia MH - Child, Preschool MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Female MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Male MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Screen Time MH - Media Exposure MH - Digital Media PMC - PMC13037967 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/03/31 18:49 MHDA- 2026/03/31 18:50 PMCR- 2026/03/31 CRDT- 2026/03/31 13:33 PHST- 2025/11/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/31 18:50 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/31 18:49 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/31 13:33 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-25-62221 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0346133 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2026 Mar 31;21(3):e0346133. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0346133. eCollection 2026. PMID- 41915137 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260629 LR - 20260702 IS - 0974-7559 (Electronic) IS - 0019-6061 (Linking) VI - 63 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Development and Validation of Obesity Interpreter: A Mobile Application-Based Tool for Children and Adolescents. PG - 474-479 LID - 10.1007/s13312-026-00312-9 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate Obesity Interpreter, a mobile application tool to assist in assessing children with obesity and avoid unwarranted workup in physiological obesity. METHODS: The Obesity Interpreter offers guidance on probable diagnoses and workup based on clinical inputs. The validation involved comparing the guidance from the Obesity Interpreter, a pediatric endocrinologist, a pediatrician, and a trainee on the final diagnosis (gold standard) in 400 children and adolescents with obesity concerns (270 constitutional, 23 genetic/syndromic, 11 drug-induced, 13 endocrine, 83 normal or overweight). RESULTS: The concordance scores were higher for the endocrinologist (92.1%) and the Obesity Interpreter (99.5%) compared to the pediatrician (75.4%) and the trainee (56.6%). The workup guidance of the Obesity Interpreter aligned with the gold standard in 398 (99.5%) subjects (Cohen's kappa 0.989, 95% CI 0.971, 1.0). Diagnostic workup discrepancies were noted in 83 (20.8%) subjects by the pediatrician and in 162 (40.5%) subjects by the trainee. Utilizing the mobile application would have prevented 288/ 292 (98.6%) errors observed in the study with high agreement for classification recommendation (Cohen's kappa 0.990, 95% CI 0.975, 1.0). CONCLUSION: Obesity Interpreter provided guidance aligned with the gold standard for evaluation of children with obesity. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Indian Academy of Pediatrics. FAU - Raithatha, Dhvani AU - Raithatha D AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Regency Healthcare, A2 Sarvodaya Nagar, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. FAU - Bajpai, Anurag AU - Bajpai A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3701-2780 AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Regency Healthcare, A2 Sarvodaya Nagar, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. dranurag.bajpai@gmail.com. FAU - Narayanan, R AU - Narayanan R AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Regency Healthcare, A2 Sarvodaya Nagar, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. FAU - Mahapatra, Alapan AU - Mahapatra A AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Regency Healthcare, A2 Sarvodaya Nagar, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. FAU - Yadav, Vibha AU - Yadav V AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Regency Healthcare, A2 Sarvodaya Nagar, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. FAU - Joshi, Prachi AU - Joshi P AD - Department of Pediatrics, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. FAU - Zehra, Alia AU - Zehra A AD - Department of Pediatrics, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. FAU - Bhriguvanshi, Arpita AU - Bhriguvanshi A AD - Department of Pediatrics, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260331 PL - India TA - Indian Pediatr JT - Indian pediatrics JID - 2985062R SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - *Mobile Applications MH - *Pediatric Obesity/diagnosis MH - Female MH - Male MH - Medical Interpreting OTO - NOTNLM OT - Body mass index OT - Childhood obesity OT - Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease OT - Metabolic syndrome OT - Pathological obesity OT - Prevention COIS- Conflict of interest: AB is one of the Directors of MedEClasses, a start-up involved in medical education, and has 60% of the non-listed company holdings. The Obesity Interpreter is part of the MedEClasses Endocrinology Mobile Application. Ethics Approval: This study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee, Regency Healthcare, Kanpur; Ref. No. IEC Number RHL-lEC-16060 dated January 07, 2022. EDAT- 2026/03/31 12:33 MHDA- 2026/06/30 00:31 CRDT- 2026/03/31 11:07 PHST- 2025/07/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/30 00:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/31 12:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/31 11:07 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s13312-026-00312-9 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s13312-026-00312-9 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Indian Pediatr. 2026 Jul;63(7):474-479. doi: 10.1007/s13312-026-00312-9. Epub 2026 Mar 31. PMID- 41914331 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260824 LR - 20260824 IS - 1941-0921 (Electronic) IS - 1941-7381 (Print) IS - 1941-0921 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 5 DP - 2026 Sep-Oct TI - Sport-Specific Outcome Measures Improve Clinical Assessment of Shoulder Injury in Swimmers: A Cohort Study of Specific PROMs. PG - 960-968 LID - 10.1177/19417381261431350 [doi] LID - 19417381261431350 AB - BACKGROUND: Swimming is among the most widely practiced sports globally. Up to 70% of swimmers report shoulder pain that impairs performance. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are effective, objective tools for assessing such injuries. The aim of this study was to develop and validate swimming-specific adaptations of established shoulder PROMs (ASES-swim and SSV-swim) and compare their psychometric properties and discriminatory ability with generic existing instruments. HYPOTHESIS: Swimming-specific PROMs may more accurately assess shoulder condition in swimmers and monitor recovery, thereby enabling improved evaluation of health status and, ultimately, athletic performance. STUDY DESIGN: Cohort study. METHODS: A total of 167 athletes registered with the Portuguese Swimming Federation (FPN) during the 2023-2024 season were enrolled. Participants were stratified into asymptomatic group (AG = 92) and injured group (IG = 75). Monthly assessments included training characteristics, injury status, and responses to ASES, SSV, SSV-sport, and newly developed ASES-swim and SSV-swim questionnaires over 6 months. RESULTS: SSV-swim correlated strongly with SSV and SSV-sport (r = 0.769, P < 0.001 and r = 0.857, P < 0.001, respectively). ASES-swim scores were highly correlated with ASES scores (r = 0.994, P < 0.001). Both SSV-swim and ASES-swim demonstrated higher internal consistency than the nonadapted PROMs (Cronbach alpha = 0.849 and 0.870, respectively). SSV, SSV-sport, and SSV-swim showed moderate discriminatory ability (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.760, 0.809, and 0.851, respectively), whereas ASES and ASES-swim showed excellent discriminatory ability for detecting injury (AUC = 0.967 and 0.970, respectively). CONCLUSION: ASES-swim and SSV-swim are a valid, reliable, and easy to administer tool for the assessment of shoulder injury and recovery in swimmers. Swimming-specific PROMs provide clinically meaningful improvements in shoulder injury assessment accuracy. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Swimming-specific PROMs provide clinicians with a sensitive and reliable method for assessing shoulder injury in swimmers, enabling more accurate diagnosis and individualized rehabilitation. Further research should investigate sports-specific PROM adaptations to optimize athlete care across disciplines. FAU - Sousa, Diogo Nunes AU - Sousa DN AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-3719-5569 AD - Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal. AD - ICVS/3Bs - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimaraes, Portugal. FAU - Velho, Tiago AU - Velho T AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-8529-9263 AD - Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal. AD - ICVS/3Bs - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimaraes, Portugal. FAU - Escaleira, Rui AU - Escaleira R AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-0047-8631 AD - Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal. AD - ICVS/3Bs - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimaraes, Portugal. AD - Surgery Department, ULSAM Alto Ave, Viana do Castelo, Portugal. AD - Portuguese Swimming Federation. FAU - Moedas, Daniel AU - Moedas D AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-2228-746X AD - Portuguese Swimming Federation. FAU - Campos, Barbara AU - Campos B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9415-020X AD - Shoulder and Elbow Unit, Orthopaedics Department, Hospital CUF Tejo, Lisboa, Portugal. FAU - Medeiros-Filho, Joao Felipe AU - Medeiros-Filho JF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4745-4566 AD - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte Natal, RN, Brazil. FAU - Pereira, Helder AU - Pereira H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2220-6766 AD - Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal. AD - ICVS/3Bs - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimaraes, Portugal. AD - Orthopaedics Department, ULSAM Povoa de Varzim/Vila do Conde, Povoa de Varzim, Portugal. AD - Ripoll y De Prado Sports Clinic: Murcia-Madrid FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Malavolta, Eduardo AU - Malavolta E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1956-6445 AD - Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. AD - HCOR, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. FAU - Sevivas, Nuno AU - Sevivas N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6573-0368 AD - Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal. AD - ICVS/3Bs - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimaraes, Portugal. AD - Shoulder and Elbow Unit, Orthopaedics Department, ULSAM Medio Ave, Famalicao, Portugal. AD - Shoulder and Elbow Unit, Orthopaedics Department, Trofa Saude Hospital Braga Sul, Braga, Portugal. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260331 PL - United States TA - Sports Health JT - Sports health JID - 101518422 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Swimming/injuries MH - *Patient Reported Outcome Measures MH - *Shoulder Injuries/diagnosis MH - Male MH - Psychometrics MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - Cohort Studies MH - *Athletic Injuries/diagnosis MH - Young Adult MH - Surveys and Questionnaires PMC - PMC13038485 OTO - NOTNLM OT - patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) OT - shoulder OT - sports medicine OT - swimming COIS- The authors report no potential conflicts of interest in the development or publication of this article. EDAT- 2026/03/31 12:33 MHDA- 2026/08/24 18:42 PMCR- 2026/03/31 CRDT- 2026/03/31 06:03 PHST- 2026/08/24 18:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/31 12:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/31 06:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1177_19417381261431350 [pii] AID - 10.1177/19417381261431350 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Sports Health. 2026 Sep-Oct;18(5):960-968. doi: 10.1177/19417381261431350. Epub 2026 Mar 31. PMID- 41914013 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260813 IS - 1943-278X (Electronic) IS - 0363-0234 (Print) IS - 0363-0234 (Linking) VI - 56 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Apr TI - Comparing Objective Measures of Sleep Disturbance and Sleep Related Impairments as Proximal Risk Indicators of Suicidal Intent and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury. PG - e70091 LID - 10.1111/sltb.70091 [doi] LID - e70091 AB - BACKGROUND: Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicidal ideation (SI) are prevalent public health concerns among college students. Poor sleep quality and its consequences are a risk factor for NSSI and SI in this population. Unfortunately, limited research measures the impact of sleep related impairment (SRI) on NSSI/SI, little research compares the relative criterion validity of objective versus SRI measurement for NSSI/SI, and there is limited research measuring NSSI behaviors as a primary outcome. METHODS: This study examined the relationship between passively captured Consensus Sleep Diary indices (i.e., actigraphy), SRI, SI, and frequency of NSSI in a sample of N = 132 college-students reporting past-month NSSI/SI. Participants wore actigraphy wristbands during the 28-day daily ambulatory phase and completed self-report assessments each day (k = 3726 observations). RESULTS: Multilevel mixed effects models failed to find significant relationships between actigraphy-derived sleep quality indices, same-day SI and NSSI frequency, and next-day SI and NSSI frequency. Significant relationships between SRI, same-day SI, and same-day NSSI frequency emerged. DISCUSSION: Results suggest worsening SRI may be an important signal of worsening SI and NSSI frequency. Implications for assessment and monitoring of SRI for college students at risk for NSSI and suicide are discussed. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Association of Suicidology. FAU - Oakey-Frost, Nicolas AU - Oakey-Frost N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8365-6045 AD - VA Salt Lake City Healthcare System, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA. FAU - Moscardini, Emma H AU - Moscardini EH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3057-9458 AD - McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Rogers, Megan L AU - Rogers ML AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4969-7035 AD - Department of Psychology, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas, USA. FAU - Muehlenkamp, Jennifer J AU - Muehlenkamp JJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2653-082X AD - Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin, Eau Claire, Wisconsin, USA. LA - eng GR - 2R15MH110960/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Suicide Life Threat Behav JT - Suicide & life-threatening behavior JID - 7608054 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Self-Injurious Behavior/psychology/diagnosis MH - Female MH - Actigraphy MH - *Suicidal Ideation MH - *Sleep Wake Disorders/psychology/diagnosis MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - Risk Factors MH - Adolescent MH - Students/psychology MH - Self Report MH - Adult MH - Sleep Quality PMC - PMC13036479 OTO - NOTNLM OT - NSSI OT - actigraphy OT - daily diary OT - passive sensing OT - sleep quality OT - suicidal ideation COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/03/31 06:58 MHDA- 2026/03/31 06:59 PMCR- 2026/03/31 CRDT- 2026/03/31 04:13 PHST- 2026/03/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/09/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/31 06:59 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/31 06:58 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/31 04:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - SLTB70091 [pii] AID - 10.1111/sltb.70091 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Suicide Life Threat Behav. 2026 Apr;56(2):e70091. doi: 10.1111/sltb.70091. PMID- 41913715 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260714 IS - 1532-2998 (Electronic) IS - 1532-3005 (Linking) VI - 42 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Apr TI - Heart Rate Variability and Perceived Stress in Normal-Weight Female University Students: The Role of Physical Activity Level. PG - e70167 LID - 10.1002/smi.70167 [doi] AB - Chronic stress, common in university students and particularly pronounced in women, negatively impacts health. Heart Rate Variability (HRV), an autonomic balance measure, is influenced by stress, physical activity (PA), and the menstrual cycle. This study examined HRV and perceived stress differences in healthy-weight female university students by PA level. Fifty-two female university students (18-30 years, BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m(2)) were recruited. To minimise hormonal variability, assessments for naturally menstruating participants were conducted during the early follicular phase, confirmed through a cycle-tracking application and luteinizing hormone (LH) tests. For participants using hormonal contraceptives, measurements were scheduled during the first week of a new contraceptive cycle. PA was assessed (IPAQ-SF) and categorised as low-moderate or vigorous. HRV was recorded using a Polar H10 over three days for reliability (SDNN, LF, HF, LF/HF ratio) were analysed. Perceived stress used the Perceived Stress Questionnaire (PSQ). Group differences and associations were then analysed, controlling for total PA (METs). Forty-two participants completed the study. Vigorous PA was associated with higher SDNN (p = 0.099, d = -0.620) and lower LF (p = 0.045, d = -0.761) versus the low-moderate PA group, indicating more efficient cardiac autonomic modulation. METs significantly influenced SDNN, HF, LF, and pNN50. However, no significant differences were found in LF/HF ratio (p = 0.990) or perceived stress (p = 0.249) between groups, nor were significant correlations observed between PSQ scores and any HRV indices. Higher PA levels correlate with a more favourable autonomic profile (increased parasympathetic activity, reduced sympathetic drive at rest, unaltered LF/HF balance). The lack of association between PA/perceived stress and perceived stress/HRV suggests a potential dissociation between subjective stress perception and objective autonomic activity in this population. CI - (c) 2026 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Santiago, Marta Victoria AU - Santiago MV AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-0767-6377 AD - Faculty of Health Sciences, European University of the Atlantic, Santander, Spain. FAU - Olmedillas, Hugo AU - Olmedillas H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4625-2759 AD - Department of Functional Biology, Campus del Cristo B, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain. AD - Asturian Research Group in Performance, Readaptation, Training and Health (AstuRES), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain. FAU - Sainz, Julen AU - Sainz J AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-4993-9994 AD - Faculty of Health Sciences, European University of the Atlantic, Santander, Spain. FAU - Bustillo, Mar AU - Bustillo M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-9297-2379 AD - Faculty of Health Sciences, European University of the Atlantic, Santander, Spain. FAU - Heres, Miguel AU - Heres M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5410-8453 AD - Faculty of Health Sciences, European University of the Atlantic, Santander, Spain. FAU - Pulgar, Susana AU - Pulgar S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6845-248X AD - Faculty of Health Sciences, European University of the Atlantic, Santander, Spain. LA - eng GR - Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades/ PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Stress Health JT - Stress and health : journal of the International Society for the Investigation of Stress JID - 101089166 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Heart Rate/physiology MH - Young Adult MH - *Subjective Stress MH - Adult MH - *Students/psychology MH - *Exercise/physiology MH - Adolescent MH - Universities MH - *Autonomic Nervous System/physiology MH - Menstrual Cycle/physiology MH - *Stress, Psychological/physiopathology OTO - NOTNLM OT - exercise OT - heart rate variability OT - stress response OT - women OT - young adults EDAT- 2026/03/31 07:00 MHDA- 2026/03/31 07:01 CRDT- 2026/03/31 03:53 PHST- 2026/01/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/09/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/31 07:01 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/31 07:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/31 03:53 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/smi.70167 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Stress Health. 2026 Apr;42(2):e70167. doi: 10.1002/smi.70167. PMID- 41913168 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260627 LR - 20260813 IS - 1472-6823 (Electronic) IS - 1472-6823 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Mar 30 TI - Association between the Chinese visceral adiposity index and thyroid nodule risk: a retrospective analysis of cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort studies. LID - 10.1186/s12902-026-02240-y [doi] LID - 130 AB - BACKGROUND: With the increasing use of ultrasound, the detection rate of thyroid nodules (TNs) has risen markedly in recent years. However, the relationship between obesity and TNs remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the association between the Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI), a novel obesity indicator, and the risk of TNs. METHODS: A multi-design study was conducted among individuals aged 18-80 years who underwent periodic health examinations in Suzhou, China, from 2020 to 2024. The discovery stage comprised cross-sectional and case-control analyses to examine associations between CVAI and TN risk. The validation stage involved a prospective cohort study evaluating the predictive role of CVAI in incident TNs. Multivariable logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models were applied. RESULTS: The cross-sectional study included 83,757 participants, and the case-control study included 31,035 matched pairs. The median age was 40.59 and 39.28 years, respectively. Each standard deviation increase in CVAI was significantly associated with an increased risk of TN [cross-sectional: odds ratio (OR) = 1.19, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.16-1.22; case-control: OR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.20-1.27]. The cohort study including 18,110 participants validated the association [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.12, 95% CI: 1.07-1.18]. Restricted cubic spline analyses demonstrated a nonlinear dose-response relationship, with a steep rise in TN risk at higher CVAI levels. Subgroup analyses revealed stronger associations in females, individuals with lower body mass index (BMI), those who engaged in regular exercise, and participants without dyslipidemia. CONCLUSION: Elevated CVAI was significantly associated with an increased risk of TNs. These findings provided new insights for scientific management and prevention of TNs, highlighting the potential value of CVAI in health management. FAU - Tian, Ting AU - Tian T AD - Central Research Laboratory, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Hospital for Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China. FAU - Han, Renfang AU - Han R AD - Health Management Center, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215008, China. FAU - Zhou, Quan AU - Zhou Q AD - Health Management Center, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215008, China. FAU - Li, Yuanli AU - Li Y AD - Health Management Center, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215008, China. FAU - Wang, Yi AU - Wang Y AD - Health Management Center, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215008, China. FAU - Zeng, Nimei AU - Zeng N AD - Health Management Center, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215008, China. FAU - Xie, Fangfei AU - Xie F AD - Health Management Center, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215008, China. FAU - Wang, Yun AU - Wang Y AD - Health Management Center, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215008, China. FAU - Zhong, Chenyi AU - Zhong C AD - Center for Human Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215002, China. zhongchenyi0702@163.com. AD - The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 26, Daoqian Road, Gusu District, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China. zhongchenyi0702@163.com. FAU - Fan, Jingyi AU - Fan J AD - Health Management Center, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215008, China. fanjingyi@njmu.edu.cn. AD - The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 242, Guangji Road, Gusu District, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China. fanjingyi@njmu.edu.cn. LA - eng GR - SYW2024112/Suzhou Applied Basic Research (Medical and Health) Technology Innovation Project/ GR - SYWD2024144/Suzhou Applied Basic Research (Medical and Health) Technology Innovation Project/ GR - BK20220258/Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Provincial Science and Technology/ GR - GSWS2023109/Gusu Health Talent Plan Talent Research Project/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260330 PL - England TA - BMC Endocr Disord JT - BMC endocrine disorders JID - 101088676 RN - Chinese people SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Thyroid Nodule/epidemiology/etiology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - China/epidemiology MH - Male MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Risk Factors MH - Young Adult MH - *Obesity, Abdominal/complications/epidemiology MH - Adolescent MH - *Intra-Abdominal Fat MH - Aged MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Prognosis MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Body Mass Index MH - East Asian People PMC - PMC13154479 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Intra-abdominal fat OT - Physical examination OT - Risk factors OT - Thyroid nodule COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: All research was conducted in accordance with both the Declarations of Helsinki and Istanbul. The Periodic Health Examination project was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Ethical Approval Number: K-2022-105-K01). Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/03/31 06:59 MHDA- 2026/06/28 00:36 PMCR- 2026/03/30 CRDT- 2026/03/31 00:09 PHST- 2025/12/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/28 00:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/31 06:59 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/31 00:09 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12902-026-02240-y [pii] AID - 2240 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12902-026-02240-y [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Endocr Disord. 2026 Mar 30;26(1):130. doi: 10.1186/s12902-026-02240-y. PMID- 41913089 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260702 LR - 20260921 IS - 1098-108X (Electronic) IS - 0276-3478 (Print) IS - 0276-3478 (Linking) VI - 59 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Neurocognitive Profile of Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder: Cognitive Flexibility, Delay Discounting, and Detail Orientation. PG - 1588-1598 LID - 10.1002/eat.70077 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Neurocognitive deficits are well-documented across psychiatric disorders and may indicate novel treatment targets. However, empirical data on the neurocognitive profile of avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) are lacking. To address this gap, this study examined three core neurocognitive domains altered in other eating disorders-cognitive flexibility, delay discounting, and detail orientation-in adults with ARFID and healthy controls (HCs). METHOD: Adults (18-45 years) with ARFID (n = 49) and HCs (n = 21) completed computerized tasks assessing cognitive flexibility (Category Switch Task), delay discounting (Delay Discounting Task), and detail orientation (Navon Task). We hypothesized that, relative to HCs, adults with ARFID would show poorer cognitive flexibility, steeper delay discounting, and greater detail orientation. RESULTS: Compared to HCs, adults with ARFID showed larger response-time switch costs (U = 9456, p = 0.023) but smaller error-rate switch costs (U = 6832, p = 0.044). Consequently, set-shifting efficiency did not differ between groups (inverse efficiency score switch costs: U = 537, p = 0.672), indicating an accuracy-over-speed strategy supporting cognitive flexibility in ARFID. No group differences emerged in delay discounting (U = 618, p = 0.091) or detail orientation (U = 8016, p = 0.938). Regression analyses indicated that ARFID phenotype severity explained variance in task performance: greater fear of aversive consequences was associated with better set-shifting (p = 0.005), and greater lack of interest with reduced delay discounting (p = 0.004). DISCUSSION: Contrary to expectations, adults with ARFID matched HCs in overall cognitive flexibility efficiency by strategically slowing responses, challenging assumptions of innate cognitive rigidity. Future research should test whether interventions that increase processing speed while preserving accuracy could improve everyday adaptability and eating behaviors in ARFID. CI - (c) 2026 Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - McPherson, Iman K AU - McPherson IK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1130-964X AD - Eating Disorders Clinical and Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. AD - Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. AD - Mass General Brigham Eating Disorders Research Collaborative, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Dalton, Abigail G AU - Dalton AG AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-4698-5175 AD - Eating Disorders Clinical and Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. AD - Mass General Brigham Eating Disorders Research Collaborative, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Armstrong, Kelly AU - Armstrong K AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-8976-7466 AD - Mass General Brigham Eating Disorders Research Collaborative, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. AD - Division of Women's Health, Department of Medicine and Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Martino, Brittani AU - Martino B AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-5642-3127 AD - Mass General Brigham Eating Disorders Research Collaborative, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. AD - Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Asanza, Elisa AU - Asanza E AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-6423-7726 AD - Mass General Brigham Eating Disorders Research Collaborative, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. AD - Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Eddy, Kamryn T AU - Eddy KT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1586-0930 AD - Eating Disorders Clinical and Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. AD - Mass General Brigham Eating Disorders Research Collaborative, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. AD - Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Becker, Kendra R AU - Becker KR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8946-9977 AD - Eating Disorders Clinical and Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. AD - Mass General Brigham Eating Disorders Research Collaborative, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. AD - Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Franko, Debra L AU - Franko DL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4721-5063 AD - Eating Disorders Clinical and Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. AD - Department of Applied Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Breithaupt, Lauren AU - Breithaupt L AD - Eating Disorders Clinical and Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. AD - Mass General Brigham Eating Disorders Research Collaborative, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. AD - Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Forbush, Kelsie T AU - Forbush KT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5900-4204 AD - Department of Clinical Child Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA. FAU - Plessow, Franziska AU - Plessow F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9721-7817 AD - Mass General Brigham Eating Disorders Research Collaborative, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. AD - Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. AD - Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. AD - Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA. FAU - Holsen, Laura AU - Holsen L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1292-7789 AD - Mass General Brigham Eating Disorders Research Collaborative, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. AD - Division of Women's Health, Department of Medicine and Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. AD - Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Lawson, Elizabeth A AU - Lawson EA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8619-3349 AD - Mass General Brigham Eating Disorders Research Collaborative, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. AD - Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. AD - Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Thomas, Jennifer J AU - Thomas JJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2601-581X AD - Eating Disorders Clinical and Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. AD - Mass General Brigham Eating Disorders Research Collaborative, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. AD - Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. LA - eng GR - K23MH125143/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States GR - P30 DK040561/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - K24MH135189/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States GR - K24 MH135189/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States GR - UM1TR004408/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States GR - R01MH128246/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States GR - UM1 TR004408/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States GR - K23 MH125143/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 MH128246/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States GR - R01MH128246/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States GR - K24MH135189/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States GR - K23MH125143/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States GR - UM1TR004408/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260330 PL - United States TA - Int J Eat Disord JT - The International journal of eating disorders JID - 8111226 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Cognitive Flexibility/physiology MH - *Delay Discounting/physiology MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - Male MH - *Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder/psychology MH - Middle Aged MH - Neuropsychological Tests MH - *Cognition PMC - PMC13102356 MID - NIHMS2151954 OTO - NOTNLM OT - anorexia nervosa OT - avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder OT - cognitive flexibility OT - delay discounting OT - detail orientation OT - feeding and eating disorders OT - impulsivity OT - neurocognitive functioning OT - neuropsychology OT - set-shifting COIS- Drs. Jennifer J. Thomas, Kamryn T. Eddy, and Kendra R. Becker receive royalties from Cambridge University Press for the sale of their books about ARFID. Drs. Jennifer J. Thomas and Kamryn T. Eddy also receive consulting fees from Equip Health. Dr. Elizabeth A. Lawson receives grant support and research study drug from Tonix Pharmaceuticals and receives royalties from UpToDate. Dr. Elizabeth A. Lawson and/or immediate family member holds/recently held stock in Thermo Fisher Scientific, Zoetis, Danaher Corporation, Intuitive Surgical, Merck, West Pharmaceutical Services, Gilead Sciences, and Illumina. Drs. Elizabeth A. Lawson and Franziska Plessow are inventors on PCTUS2025/030536 entitled, "Oxytocin-based therapeutics to improve cognitive control in individuals with attention deficit hyperactive disorder" filed on May 22, 2025. Dr. Lauren Breithaupt is an inventor on US provisional patent application no. 63/841,908 (Systems and methods for diagnosing pediatric neuropsychiatric syndromes using immune proteomics and machine learning). Dr. Breithaupt serves as a consultant for Otsuka Pharmaceuticals and HealthiVibe. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/03/31 00:53 MHDA- 2026/07/02 12:34 PMCR- 2026/04/23 CRDT- 2026/03/30 23:53 PHST- 2026/02/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/10/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/02 12:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/31 00:53 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/30 23:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1002/eat.70077 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Eat Disord. 2026 Jul;59(7):1588-1598. doi: 10.1002/eat.70077. Epub 2026 Mar 30. PMID- 41912617 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260628 LR - 20260813 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Mar 30 TI - Acute physical activity supports inhibitory control in primary school children: a randomised cross-over trial. LID - 10.1038/s41598-026-44375-x [doi] LID - 10647 AB - Studies have found inconsistent results regarding the acute effects of physical activity on inhibitory control in children. More naturalistic studies that have real-world validity and use objective measures of physical activity are essential. This study investigated the acute effects of a pre-existing school-based group physical activity session on inhibitory control. Fifty-five primary school children (9 +/- 1 years old, 40% female) participated in a pre-existing school-based group physical activity session and a sedentary poster-making control condition, both lasting approximately 30 min, in a randomised, cross-over manner. Cognitive tasks were completed before and after both conditions, and measures of performance on these tasks were used as dependent variables in all analyses. Time engaged in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity during each condition was measured by accelerometry and used as a manipulation check. After physical activity there were faster reaction times (beta = -176, 95%CI: -296.43, -59.51) and more commission errors (beta = 1.06, 95%CI: 0.18, 1.95) in the simple reaction time task, but fewer commission errors (beta = -4.64, 95%CI: -9.00 -0.28) in the inhibition task compared to the control condition. Using the same statistical approach, a supplementary analysis was run on a reduced sample of 32 (9 +/- 1 years old, 44% female) whose adherence to conditions was confirmed by accelerometry. Results showed faster reaction times (beta = -205, 95%CI: -384.58, -33.37) in the simple reaction time task and fewer commission errors (beta = -6.10, 95%CI: -11.75, -0.45) in the inhibition task following physical activity. This suggests that an acute bout of physical activity facilitates inhibitory control in primary school children. Optimal effects are seen when participants achieved higher intensity physical activity during the intervention. FAU - Watson, Evelyn AU - Watson E AD - Institute of Sport Exercise and Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, London, UK. evelyn.watson.22@ucl.ac.uk. AD - Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK. evelyn.watson.22@ucl.ac.uk. FAU - Burgess, Paul W AU - Burgess PW AD - Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK. FAU - Metcalf, Isabel AU - Metcalf I AD - Institute of Sport Exercise and Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, London, UK. FAU - Hamer, Mark AU - Hamer M AD - Institute of Sport Exercise and Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, London, UK. FAU - Ronca, Flaminia AU - Ronca F AD - Institute of Sport Exercise and Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, London, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20260330 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Child MH - *Exercise/physiology MH - Cross-Over Studies MH - Schools MH - Male MH - Reaction Time/physiology MH - Accelerometry MH - Cognition/physiology MH - *Inhibition, Psychological PMC - PMC13039183 COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/03/31 00:53 MHDA- 2026/06/28 16:09 PMCR- 2026/03/30 CRDT- 2026/03/30 23:20 PHST- 2025/02/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/28 16:09 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/31 00:53 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/30 23:20 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-44375-x [pii] AID - 44375 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-44375-x [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2026 Mar 30;16(1):10647. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-44375-x. PMID- 41911587 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260330 IS - 1536-3732 (Electronic) IS - 1049-2275 (Linking) DP - 2026 Mar 30 TI - The Effects of Adenoidectomy on Children's Eating Patterns, Sleep, and Weight Gain: A Case-Control Study. LID - 10.1097/SCS.0000000000012689 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to determine whether children who undergo adenoidectomy show statistically significant improvements in their eating habits, sleep quality, and weight gain. METHODS: Fifty individuals who had undergone adenoidectomy and 50 healthy controls matched for age and sex were included in the case-control study. The Eating Improvement Score, Sleep Quality Score, and Weight Gain Rate were assessed using standardized anthropometric measurements and validated parent-reported scales. RESULTS: Patients who underwent adenoidectomy had considerably higher rates of weight gain (0.74 versus 0.28 kg/mo), Eating Improvement Scores (7.7 versus 4.4), and Sleep Quality Scores (7.8 versus 4.5). CONCLUSION: Nutritional and functional outcomes are significantly improved after adenoidectomy in children with adenoid hypertrophy, demonstrating that the procedure has benefits beyond clear airways. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 by Mutaz B. Habal, MD. FAU - Arslanoglu, Ahmet AU - Arslanoglu A AD - ENT Specialist, Private Practice, Istanbul. FAU - Yazir, Mustafa AU - Yazir M AD - Yazir Private Otorhinolaryngology Clinic, Izmir. FAU - Yagci, Tarik AU - Yagci T AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical Faculty, Bilecik Seyh Edebali University, Bilecik. FAU - Bariskan, Serkan AU - Bariskan S AD - ENT Specialist, Private Practice, Istanbul. FAU - Topan, Yunus E AU - Topan YE AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical Faculty, Usak University, Usak, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260330 PL - United States TA - J Craniofac Surg JT - The Journal of craniofacial surgery JID - 9010410 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adenoidectomy OT - The Eating Improvement Score OT - sleep quality score OT - weight gain rate COIS- The authors report no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/03/30 18:30 MHDA- 2026/03/30 18:30 CRDT- 2026/03/30 17:23 PHST- 2026/02/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/30 18:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/30 18:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/30 17:23 [entrez] AID - 00001665-990000000-03908 [pii] AID - 10.1097/SCS.0000000000012689 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - J Craniofac Surg. 2026 Mar 30. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000012689. PMID- 41910786 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260921 IS - 1432-1076 (Electronic) IS - 0340-6199 (Print) IS - 0340-6199 (Linking) VI - 185 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Mar 30 TI - Validation of an enhanced pediatric vitamin D deficiency score incorporating sun exposure timing and BMI z-score: analysis in a combined cohort of children. LID - 10.1007/s00431-026-06890-x [doi] LID - 226 AB - Early identification of vitamin D (VitD) deficiency in childhood is essential to support timely prevention and intervention strategies. Building on the previously validated pediatric EVIDENCe-Q questionnaire, this study aimed to refine the tool by integrating two patient-specific weighted variables, sun exposure during peak UVB hours, and BMI z-score categories, both recognized determinants of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH-D) levels. A total of 354 children (190F/164 M) completed a 20-item pediatric VitD risk questionnaire. Serum 25-OH-D concentrations were available for 280 participants. Three scoring algorithms were evaluated: the unweighted standard model, the sun-weighted model, and the sun + BMI-weighted model. Statistical analyses included ANOVA, Pearson correlations, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses across biochemical thresholds of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency (< 10, < 20, and < 30 ng/mL). Vitamin D deficiency (< 10 ng/mL) was observed in 6.8% of participants, while insufficiency affected 38.1% (< 20 ng/mL) and 74.7% (< 30 ng/mL). The unweighted standard model did not discriminate among vitamin D categories (p = 0.622). In contrast, both weighted models showed significant discrimination (sun-weighted: p = 0.036; sun + BMI-weighted: p = 0.030). Only the sun + BMI-weighted model was significantly correlated with serum 25-OH-D levels (r = - 0.13; p = 0.023). ROC analyses demonstrated limited accuracy for the unweighted model, whereas the weighted models showed moderate discriminatory ability, with the Sun + BMI-Weighted Model providing the strongest overall performance. CONCLUSIONS: Incorporating weighted patient-specific variables improves the discriminatory capacity of the pediatric EVIDENCe-Q. Despite moderate accuracy, particularly at lower thresholds, the refined questionnaire, especially the sun + BMI-weighted version, represents a practical, noninvasive screening tool to identify children at risk of hypovitaminosis D. WHAT IS KNOWN: * Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in children worldwide, even in sun-rich regions, and is influenced by factors such as sun exposure and adiposity. * Serum 25-OH-D measurement is the diagnostic gold standard, while questionnaire-based tools offer a non-invasive but currently less accurate alternative in pediatrics. WHAT IS NEW: * Incorporating weighted factors for peak UVB sun exposure and BMI z-score signifi cantly improves the predictive performance of the pediatric EVIDENCe-Q. * The Sun + BMI-weighted model shows a significant correlation with serum 25-OH-D and enhances identification of children at risk of hypovitaminosis D (30 ng/mL). CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Calcaterra, Valeria AU - Calcaterra V AD - Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy. valeria.calcaterra@unipv.it. AD - Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154, Milan, Italy. valeria.calcaterra@unipv.it. FAU - Cena, Hellas AU - Cena H AD - Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy. hellas.cena@unipv.it. AD - Clinical Nutrition Unit, ICS Maugeri IRCCS, 27100, Pavia, Italy. hellas.cena@unipv.it. FAU - Biino, Ginevra AU - Biino G AD - Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council of Italy, 27100, Pavia, Italy. FAU - Scavone, Ilaria Anna Maria AU - Scavone IAM AD - Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154, Milan, Italy. FAU - Vincenti, Alessandra AU - Vincenti A AD - Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy. FAU - Zuccotti, Gianvincenzo AU - Zuccotti G AD - Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154, Milan, Italy. AD - Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milano, 20157, Milan, Italy. LA - eng GR - Project 101128946/PODiaCar-EU4H-2022-PJ-3 co-funded by European Union./ GR - CUP F13C22001210007/National Recovery and resilience Plan (NRRP), Mission 4 Component 2 Investment 1.3-Call for proposal No. 341 of 15 March 2022 of Italian Ministry of University and Research funded by the European Union-NextGenerationEU/ PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260330 PL - Germany TA - Eur J Pediatr JT - European journal of pediatrics JID - 7603873 RN - 1406-16-2 (Vitamin D) RN - A288AR3C9H (25-hydroxyvitamin D) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Vitamin D Deficiency/diagnosis/blood/epidemiology MH - Female MH - Male MH - Child MH - *Body Mass Index MH - *Sunlight MH - *Vitamin D/blood/analogs & derivatives MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Child, Preschool MH - ROC Curve MH - Adolescent MH - Algorithms PMC - PMC13035619 OTO - NOTNLM OT - BMI z-score OT - Children OT - Pediatrics OT - Questionnaire OT - Sun exposure timing OT - Vitamin D deficiency COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval: The protocol received approval from the Institutional Review Board of the hospital (Ethics Committee Milano Area 1; Study Registration 2020/ST/234; Protocol No. 0030785). The study was conducted in full accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and with current Italian regulations on biomedical research involving minors. Consent to participate: Before participation, written informed consent was obtained from all parents or legal guardians after providing a comprehensive explanation of the study's purpose, procedures, potential risks, and expected benefits. When appropriate, assent was also obtained from older children and adolescents. Confidentiality and data protection were ensured by anonymizing all clinical and questionnaire data prior to analysis. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/03/30 12:50 MHDA- 2026/03/30 12:51 PMCR- 2026/03/30 CRDT- 2026/03/30 11:14 PHST- 2025/12/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/30 12:51 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/30 12:50 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/30 11:14 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s00431-026-06890-x [pii] AID - 6890 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00431-026-06890-x [doi] PST - epublish SO - Eur J Pediatr. 2026 Mar 30;185(4):226. doi: 10.1007/s00431-026-06890-x. PMID- 41910540 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260813 IS - 1558-9110 (Electronic) IS - 1058-0360 (Print) IS - 1058-0360 (Linking) VI - 35 IP - 3 DP - 2026 May 5 TI - Concurrent Use of Videofluoroscopic and Nutritional Intake Measures in the Assessment of Pediatric Patients With Dysphagia: A Scoping Review. PG - 1360-1379 LID - 10.1044/2026_AJSLP-25-00462 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: The videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) is a radiographic procedure that assesses swallowing physiology in real time by visualizing bolus flow in coordination with structural movement throughout the upper aerodigestive tract. Nutritional intake measures are intended to identify restrictions placed on a patient's method of nutritional intake. There is a lack of rigorous evidence to inform recommendations about appropriate and adequate means of nutritional intake. The purpose of this scoping review was to explore the type and validity of nutritional intake measures and how they are used with VFSS findings to inform nutritional intake recommendations by speech-language pathologists in children (birth to 17 years of age) with dysphagia. METHOD: A comprehensive search of the literature was completed in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute methodological recommendations and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Extension for Scoping Reviews reporting guidelines. Relevant electronic databases and gray literature were searched without any date restrictions. Reviewers were blinded via Rayyan software. Data were extracted using a data extraction tool created by the research team. RESULTS: Twenty articles met inclusion and exclusion criteria and were included for review. Articles included were from eight different countries, published between the years 2010 and 2024, and included a variety of patient populations and objectives. VFSS administration and nutritional intake measure usage were variable, with fluctuating levels of validity. DISCUSSION: At present, there is no one nutritional intake measure that is consistently administered to all pediatric populations jointly with VFSS administration. The current investigation only looked at nutritional intake measures used jointly with VFSS. Other nutritional intake measures exist and are worth exploring as potential assessment options in clinical practice. CONCLUSION: There is an evident need for the development of nutritional intake measures with strong validity and reliability that consider physiologic impairments observed during VFSS to inform clinical recommendations. FAU - Kiemel, Zoe AU - Kiemel Z AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-2252-8335 AD - Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, School of Communication, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL. FAU - Kruse, Jason AU - Kruse J AD - Northwestern University Library, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL. FAU - Smith, Rebecca AU - Smith R AD - Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, School of Communication, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL. FAU - McGhee, Heather AU - McGhee H AD - Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, School of Communication, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL. AD - Department of Speech-Language Pathology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston. FAU - Adams, Steven M AU - Adams SM AD - Northwestern University Library, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL. FAU - Wintermute, Paige AU - Wintermute P AD - Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, School of Communication, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL. FAU - Daul, Kendal AU - Daul K AD - Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, School of Communication, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL. FAU - Bekas, Stephanie AU - Bekas S AD - Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, School of Communication, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL. FAU - van den Berg, Nadia AU - van den Berg N AD - Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, School of Communication, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL. FAU - Martin-Harris, Bonnie AU - Martin-Harris B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7840-3764 AD - Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, School of Communication, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL. AD - Department of Faculty Affairs, School of Communication, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL. AD - Departments of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery and Radiation Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Scoping Review DEP - 20260327 PL - United States TA - Am J Speech Lang Pathol JT - American journal of speech-language pathology JID - 9114726 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Deglutition Disorders/physiopathology/diagnostic imaging/diagnosis MH - Child MH - Infant MH - Fluoroscopy/methods MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Deglutition/physiology MH - Adolescent MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - *Nutrition Assessment MH - Video Recording MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Speech-Language Pathology/methods PMC - PMC13151574 EDAT- 2026/03/30 12:49 MHDA- 2026/05/05 18:32 PMCR- 2026/03/27 CRDT- 2026/03/30 10:33 PHST- 2026/05/05 18:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/30 12:49 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/30 10:33 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 23814764000300140072 [pii] AID - 10.1044/2026_AJSLP-25-00462 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 2026 May 5;35(3):1360-1379. doi: 10.1044/2026_AJSLP-25-00462. Epub 2026 Mar 27. PMID- 41910226 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260721 LR - 20260727 IS - 1469-0756 (Electronic) IS - 0032-5473 (Linking) VI - 102 IP - 1210 DP - 2026 Jul 21 TI - One-year epidemiological analysis of patients admitted to a hospital in northern Syria due to burn injuries. PG - 747-753 LID - 10.1093/postmj/qgag038 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Burn injuries are among the leading causes of trauma-related morbidity and mortality, particularly in low-resource and conflict-affected regions. This study aimed to evaluate the demographic and clinical factors associated with short-term outcomes among burn patients treated in a war zone hospital in Northern Syria. METHODS: This retrospective observational study included patients hospitalized for burn injuries between 15 April 2023 and 15 April 2024 at Cobanbey Hospital Burn Center. Demographic data, burn etiology, total body surface area (TBSA), burn degree, and clinical outcomes were extracted. Patients with incomplete records were excluded. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify mortality predictors. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to determine the predictive value of TBSA for mortality. RESULTS: A total of 522 patients were analyzed; 57.9% were male, and 53.3% were children under 10 years. Scald burns (53.6%) and second-degree burns (56.1%) were most common. Mortality was significantly associated with older age, chemical burns, TBSA >30%, third-degree burns, multi-region involvement, and intensive care unit admission. Multivariate analysis identified age, TBSA, and multi-zone burns as independent predictors of mortality. ROC analysis showed high predictive value of TBSA for mortality (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.941, P < .001). CONCLUSION: Age, burn severity, and extent (TBSA) are major predictors of mortality in burn patients, particularly in conflict-affected regions. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Fellowship of Postgraduate Medicine. FAU - Gurbuz, Huseyin AU - Gurbuz H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4684-9363 AD - Harran University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Emergency of Medicine, Sanliurfa 63300, Turkiye. FAU - Yaman, Mahmut AU - Yaman M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0783-1419 AD - Dicle University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Emergency of Medicine, Diyarbakir 21280, Turkiye. FAU - Guvelioglu, Ali Muhsin AU - Guvelioglu AM AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-8180-6425 AD - Prof. Dr. Alaeddin Yavasca State Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Kilis 79000, Turkiye. FAU - Kurt, Bekir Baris AU - Kurt BB AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-8045-5875 AD - Dr. Ersin Arslan Training and Research Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Gaziantep 27010, Turkiye. FAU - Buyukaslan, Hasan AU - Buyukaslan H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4714-7347 AD - Harran University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Emergency of Medicine, Sanliurfa 63300, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study PL - England TA - Postgrad Med J JT - Postgraduate medical journal JID - 0234135 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Burns/epidemiology/mortality MH - Syria/epidemiology MH - Male MH - Female MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Body Surface Area MH - *Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data MH - Infant MH - Middle Aged MH - ROC Curve MH - Burn Units MH - Young Adult OTO - NOTNLM OT - burn OT - epidemiology OT - mortality OT - northern Syria OT - war injuries EDAT- 2026/03/30 12:48 MHDA- 2026/07/21 12:35 CRDT- 2026/03/30 08:44 PHST- 2025/04/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/01/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/21 12:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/30 12:48 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/30 08:44 [entrez] AID - 8559494 [pii] AID - 10.1093/postmj/qgag038 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Postgrad Med J. 2026 Jul 21;102(1210):747-753. doi: 10.1093/postmj/qgag038. PMID- 41909647 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260813 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - The multidimensional roles and mechanisms of exercise intervention in pediatric oncology. PG - 1784767 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1784767 [doi] LID - 1784767 AB - The importance of exercise interventions in pediatric oncology is steadily increasing. Their value lies not only in alleviating treatment-related adverse effects but also in supporting physiological recovery, psychological adjustment, and improvements in cognitive function. As research continues to reveal the effects of exercise on the tumor microenvironment, immune modulation, and energy metabolism, its role in pediatric cancer care is expanding from a rehabilitative adjunct to a comprehensive intervention with potential therapeutic relevance. Exercise can enhance tumor-related biological processes by improving blood flow and tissue oxygenation, increasing immune cell activity, mitigating immunosuppression, and modulating glucose utilization and fatty acid metabolism, thereby influencing the energy supply to tumor cells. At the clinical level, exercise strengthens skeletal muscle, improves cardiopulmonary function, increases physical reserves, and reduces long-term side effects such as fatigue and frailty. It also contributes to emotional stability, strengthens self-efficacy, and ameliorates cognitive impairments including attention and memory deficits. Moreover, exercise may exert synergistic effects with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy by improving treatment tolerance and amplifying overall therapeutic benefit. Despite its potential, the implementation of exercise interventions remains challenged by limited resources, variability in adherence, and age-related differences. Future research should aim to develop personalized exercise prescription systems tailored to pediatric needs, supported by interdisciplinary teams and intelligent monitoring tools to enhance feasibility and scientific rigor. With continued advances in basic research and the accumulation of clinical evidence, exercise is expected to play an increasingly systematic and sustained role in pediatric cancer treatment, providing crucial support for improving rehabilitation quality and long-term health outcomes. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Dai, Yang, Wu, Wu, Ma, Zhang, Tang, Ye and Du. FAU - Dai, Shengting AU - Dai S AD - School of Sports Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China. FAU - Yang, Zhenyu AU - Yang Z AD - School of Sports Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China. FAU - Wu, Yang AU - Wu Y AD - School of Sports Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China. FAU - Wu, Maoqi AU - Wu M AD - School of Sports Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China. FAU - Ma, Murui AU - Ma M AD - School of Sports Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China. FAU - Zhang, Xiaonan AU - Zhang X AD - Ningde Normal University, Ningde, Fujian, China. FAU - Tang, Haoyu AU - Tang H AD - School of Sports Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China. FAU - Ye, Xinming AU - Ye X AD - School of Sports Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China. FAU - Du, Mei AU - Du M AD - School of Sports Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260313 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Neoplasms/therapy/rehabilitation/immunology MH - *Exercise Therapy/methods MH - Child MH - Tumor Microenvironment MH - *Exercise MH - Energy Metabolism PMC - PMC13021899 OTO - NOTNLM OT - exercise intervention OT - immune modulation OT - pediatric cancer OT - personalized therapy OT - physiological and psychological recovery OT - tumor microenvironment COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/03/30 12:50 MHDA- 2026/03/30 12:51 PMCR- 2026/03/13 CRDT- 2026/03/30 06:37 PHST- 2026/01/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/30 12:51 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/30 12:50 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/30 06:37 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1784767 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2026 Mar 13;17:1784767. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1784767. eCollection 2026. PMID- 41909584 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260330 LR - 20260813 IS - 1664-1078 (Print) IS - 1664-1078 (Electronic) IS - 1664-1078 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Stress, well-being, and optimism in Portuguese youth: how do gender and age shape mental health and eating quality. PG - 1593283 LID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1593283 [doi] LID - 1593283 AB - Stress has been consistently linked to changes in eating behaviors and psychological well-being among adolescents and young adults, yet evidence remains fragmented regarding how gender, developmental stage, and psychological resources jointly shape these outcomes. Grounded in stress-coping models, self-regulation theories, and a life-span developmental perspective, this study examines age- and gender-related differences in stress, well-being, optimism, and eating quality within a post-lockdown context. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 951 Portuguese adolescents and young adults aged 15-26 years. Data were collected across three post-lockdown periods (2020-2022) and aggregated after confirming negligible time-related effects (eta (2) /= 37 weeks of gestational age between 2014 and 2023. Participants with recorded clinical and sonographic EFW within 14 days of delivery were included. Exclusion criteria included multiple gestations, absence of either clinical or sonographic EFW, and incomplete data. EFW accuracy was evaluated against actual neonatal birthweight using overall absolute error and absolute percent error, using paired t-test. Differences in error categories (> 10% and > 20%), specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were evaluated using McNemar test. Subgroup analyses included normal weight ( (BMI 18.5-24.9), obese patients (BMI >/= 30), tall women (height > 172 cm), nulliparous and multiparous women, and neonates with birth weights >/= 4500 g, 4000-4499 g, and 10% error in each method. RESULTS: Out of 61,531 term deliveries in the study period,14,400 women were included in the study. Sonographic EFW demonstrated significantly higher accuracy among birthweights extremes of /= 4500 g with lower mean absolute percent error in these groups (11.3% vs. 15.0% and 10.6% vs. 12.3%, respectively). Clinical estimation showed a higher negative predictive value for ruling out extreme birthweight (54.9% vs. 44.1%), supporting its usefulness as a first-line screening tool in routine obstetric care. While statistically significant differences were observed in favor of sonographic EFW across other subgroups and the entire study population, no differences of clear clinical relevance were found, as absolute differences were minimal. Low birth weight, macrosomia >/= 4500 g and nulliparity were associated with a high estimation error in both sonographic and clinical EFW, with a greater extent observed in clinical EFW. CONCLUSIONS: Sonographic EFW exhibits superior accuracy in cases of extreme birth weights (/= 4500 g). Among other populations, differences between sonographic and clinical EFW were minimal and of limited clinical relevance. This knowledge should be incorporated into daily practice and decision-making processes to ensure optimal patient care. FAU - Heresco, Lior AU - Heresco L AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Meir Medical Center, 59 Tchernichovsky St, Kfar Saba, Israel. lior160@gmail.com. AD - Gray Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. lior160@gmail.com. FAU - Yehuda, Chaya Ben AU - Yehuda CB AD - Clalit Health Services, Tel Aviv, Israel. FAU - Cohen Rappaport, Romi AU - Cohen Rappaport R AD - Gray Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. FAU - Gluska, Hadar AU - Gluska H AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Meir Medical Center, 59 Tchernichovsky St, Kfar Saba, Israel. AD - Gray Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. FAU - Biron-Shental, Tal AU - Biron-Shental T AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Meir Medical Center, 59 Tchernichovsky St, Kfar Saba, Israel. AD - Gray Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. FAU - Weitzner, Omer AU - Weitzner O AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Meir Medical Center, 59 Tchernichovsky St, Kfar Saba, Israel. AD - Gray Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260330 PL - England TA - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth JT - BMC pregnancy and childbirth JID - 100967799 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Fetal Weight MH - *Ultrasonography, Prenatal/methods MH - Pregnancy MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Birth Weight MH - Adult MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Gestational Age MH - Sensitivity and Specificity MH - Fetal Macrosomia PMC - PMC13154497 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Clinical examination OT - Fetal weight estimation OT - Leopold's maneuvers OT - Ultrasound COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to articipate: The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Meir Medical Center (Helsinki approval number 0245-23-MMC, approved on October 6, 2024). The Ethics Committee waived the requirement for informed consent, as the data were retrospective and fully anonymized. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/03/30 00:29 MHDA- 2026/06/27 22:35 PMCR- 2026/03/30 CRDT- 2026/03/29 23:13 PHST- 2025/11/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 22:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/30 00:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/29 23:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12884-026-08871-2 [pii] AID - 8871 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12884-026-08871-2 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2026 Mar 30;26(1):504. doi: 10.1186/s12884-026-08871-2. PMID- 41906050 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260617 LR - 20261010 IS - 1437-1596 (Electronic) IS - 0937-9827 (Linking) VI - 140 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Determination of sex from Computed Tomographic derived pelvic measurements among a region-specific population. PG - 2363-2370 LID - 10.1007/s00414-026-03784-3 [doi] AB - Sex estimation is fundamental in establishing the biological profile in forensic anthropology. However, osteometric standards from one population often do not apply to another due to ethnic and environmental variations. This study analyzed pelvic anthropometric measurement using three-dimensional (3D) Computed Tomography (CT) scans to establish population-specific sex estimation standards for the Gujarati population. A retrospective cross-sectional study at a tertiary care center in Gujarat analyzed pelvic CT scans of 300 adults aged 18-65 years. Eight pelvic measurement and three indices were measured using NeoRad software. Statistical analysis included Student's t-test and multivariate Discriminant Function Analysis (DFA) to generate sex-classification models. The analysis revealed significant sexual dimorphism (p < 0.05) in four measurement: Ischial Length, Iliac Height, Acetabular Breadth, and Subpubic Angle. Males exhibited larger dimensions, except for the subpubic angle, which was wider in females. The multivariate discriminant function model achieved 80.7% classification accuracy, correctly classifying 80.6% of males and 80.8% of females. The study shows that 3D CT-derived pelvic measurement reliably indicate sex determination in the Gujarati population. The discriminant functions provide a non-invasive, population-specific tool that enhances forensic identification accuracy in this region, emphasizing local standards over global averages. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Kotak, Pushti AU - Kotak P AD - Pramukhswami Medical College & Shree Krishna Hospital, Bhaikaka University, Karamsad, Gujarat, 388325, India. FAU - Datta, Arijit AU - Datta A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9153-3088 AD - Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Pramukhswami Medical College & Shree Krishna Hospital, Bhaikaka University, Karamsad, Gujarat, 388325, India. arijitdatta18@gmail.com. FAU - Panchal, Krupanshi AU - Panchal K AD - CAM Institute of Allied Health & Sciences, Bhaikaka University, Karamsad, Gujarat, 388325, India. FAU - Das, Abhishek AU - Das A AD - Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Government Medical College & Hospital, Jhargram, West Bengal, 721507, India. FAU - Kanchan, Tanuj AU - Kanchan T AD - All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342005, India. FAU - Dave, Shridhar AU - Dave S AD - Pramukhswami Medical College & Shree Krishna Hospital, Bhaikaka University, Karamsad, Gujarat, 388325, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260330 PL - Germany TA - Int J Legal Med JT - International journal of legal medicine JID - 9101456 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Sex Determination by Skeleton/methods MH - Male MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - *Tomography, X-Ray Computed MH - *Pelvic Bones/diagnostic imaging/anatomy & histology MH - Female MH - Aged MH - Imaging, Three-Dimensional MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Discriminant Analysis MH - Forensic Anthropology MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - India OTO - NOTNLM OT - Computed Tomography OT - Discriminant Function Analysis OT - Forensic Anthropology OT - Forensic Medicine OT - Gujarati Population OT - Pelvic measurement OT - Sex Determination COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Taken from the Institutional Ethics Committee (in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki). Taken. Conflict of interest: Nil. Presentation/Award: Nil Patient consent form: Obtained EDAT- 2026/03/30 00:29 MHDA- 2026/06/17 13:05 CRDT- 2026/03/29 23:05 PHST- 2026/02/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/17 13:05 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/30 00:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/29 23:05 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00414-026-03784-3 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00414-026-03784-3 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Legal Med. 2026 Jul;140(4):2363-2370. doi: 10.1007/s00414-026-03784-3. Epub 2026 Mar 30. PMID- 41905059 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260714 IS - 1573-2509 (Electronic) IS - 0920-9964 (Linking) VI - 293 DP - 2026 Jul TI - The Remote Exercise And Lifestyle (REAL) intervention for first-episode psychosis: feasibility and preliminary effects of online group fitness training. PG - 58-66 LID - S0920-9964(26)00095-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.schres.2026.03.018 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Lifestyle interventions, including exercise, can improve physical and mental health outcomes in first-episode psychosis (FEP), but availability of face-to-face programmes is limited. Teleconferencing software (such as Zoom) presents new opportunities for lifestyle interventions, at scale. Thus, this study assessed the feasibility and preliminary impact of remotely delivered, supervised exercise sessions for FEP. METHODS: A single-arm, eight-week feasibility study was conducted in two NHS Early Intervention Services (EIS) for FEP. Participants aged 18-35 years were offered twice-weekly live Zoom sessions, streaming body-weight exercise videos followed by a brief lifestyle discussion facilitated by the research team. Feasibility metrics were recruitment, retention, attendance and adverse events, along with pre-post self-report measures of physical activity, weight, psychological distress, functioning, life satisfaction, and self-efficacy. RESULTS: Of 45 participants approached, 32 (71%) consented, 27/32 (84%) commenced the intervention, and 21/27 (78%) completed the follow-up assessment. Participants attended an average of 7.6 live online exercise sessions (+/-5.1) over their 8 week intervention period. Over 90% of 70 exercise sessions offered had participants in live attendance, with no adverse events. After 8 weeks, significant increases were seen in physical activity (p < 0.01) and psychosocial functioning (p = 0.05). Psychological distress decreased, particularly among those attending >/=50% of sessions (n = 12). No significant changes were observed in other measures. CONCLUSIONS: Twice-weekly online sessions, using pre-existing exercise videos, appears feasible, safe and engaging for young adults with FEP, and potentially beneficial for psychological wellbeing and functioning. Further research is required includes RCTs with an embedded process and economic evaluations, and implementation studies. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - French, Chloe AU - French C AD - Division of Psychology and Mental Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK; Division of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. FAU - Sawyer, Chelsea AU - Sawyer C AD - Division of Psychology and Mental Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK. FAU - Fabian, Hannah AU - Fabian H AD - Division of Psychology and Mental Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK; Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London, W1W 6UW, UK. FAU - Hassan, Lamiece AU - Hassan L AD - Division of Psychology and Mental Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK. FAU - Sainsbury, John AU - Sainsbury J AD - Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK. FAU - Scrivano, Luana AU - Scrivano L AD - Division of Psychology and Mental Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK; Department of Care in Long Term Conditions, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care, King's College London, London, UK. FAU - Stubbs, Brendon AU - Stubbs B AD - Division of Social Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; Comprehensive Centre for Clinical Neuroscience and Mental Health (C3nmh), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Bucci, Sandra AU - Bucci S AD - Division of Psychology and Mental Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK; Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK. FAU - Torous, John AU - Torous J AD - Beth Israel Deaconness Medical Centre, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States. FAU - Firth, Joseph AU - Firth J AD - Division of Psychology and Mental Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK; Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK. Electronic address: joseph.firth@manchester.ac.uk. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260328 PL - Netherlands TA - Schizophr Res JT - Schizophrenia research JID - 8804207 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Psychotic Disorders/rehabilitation/therapy MH - Young Adult MH - Male MH - Female MH - Feasibility Studies MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - *Exercise Therapy/methods MH - *Life Style MH - *Exercise MH - Follow-Up Studies OTO - NOTNLM OT - Digital OT - Exercise OT - Lifestyle OT - Online OT - Physical activity OT - Psychosis COIS- Declaration of competing interest JF is supported by a UK Research and Innovation Future Leaders Fellowship (MR/Y033876/1) and the NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre (NIHR203308). The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care. JF has provided consultancy, speaking engagements and/or advisory services to Atheneum, Bayer, ParachuteBH Ltd., LLMental, Nestle UK, HedoniaUS and Arthur D Little, independent of this work. SB is supported by a National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Research Professorship Grant (grant number NIHR 300794) and acknowledges support from the NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre (grant number NIHR203308). The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care. SB is co-inventor and co-founder of CareLoop Health Ltd., a University of Manchester start-up to develop and market digital solutions for mental health problems, currently in schizophrenia and postnatal depression. BS is supported by an NIHR advanced Fellowship BS (NIHR 301206). BS is on the editorial board of Journal of Physical Activity and Health, MENPA, Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry and Ageing Research Reviews. BS has received an honorarium from a co-edited textbook on exercise and mental illness for unrelated work with ASICS and FitXR Ltd. The other authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. EDAT- 2026/03/30 00:29 MHDA- 2026/05/20 00:32 CRDT- 2026/03/29 19:01 PHST- 2025/09/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/20 00:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/30 00:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/29 19:01 [entrez] AID - S0920-9964(26)00095-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.schres.2026.03.018 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Schizophr Res. 2026 Jul;293:58-66. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2026.03.018. Epub 2026 Mar 28. PMID- 41904849 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260714 IS - 1873-376X (Electronic) IS - 1570-0232 (Linking) VI - 1276 DP - 2026 May 15 TI - Development and validation of an LC-MS/MS method for the analysis of total ascorbic acid capacity in plasma. PG - 125023 LID - S1570-0232(26)00112-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jchromb.2026.125023 [doi] AB - A robust and fast LC-MS/MS method for quantifying total ascorbic acid (vitamin C) in plasma was developed and validated. Ascorbic acid is vital for antioxidant defense and enzymatic processes. Deficiency and hypovitaminosis remain prevalent in specific patient groups and can result in overlooked or misattributed clinical symptoms. To preserve ascorbic acid after venapuncture, EDTA blood samples were kept on ice and processed within two hours. Dehydroascorbic acid was reduced to ascorbic acid using tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine (TCEP). Ascorbic acid was separated by reversed-phase chromatography and detected by tandem mass spectrometry in negative ion mode. Method validation followed standard protocols. Retrospective analysis of 547 patient samples, analyzed with this method, was performed to assess the incidence of vitamin C deficiency and hypovitaminosis.A TCEP concentration of 15 mM was sufficient. Ascorbic acid eluted at 1.08 min, with a total runtime of 4.6 min. Intra- and inter-assay imprecision (three concentrations) ranged from 1.8 to 2.2% and 3.2-5.7%, respectively. The limit of quantification was 1.1 mumol/L, suitable for detecting deficiency (<11.4 mumol/L). Among the tested patients, 10% were deficient and 20% had hypovitaminosis. Males had approximately 11 mumol/L lower vitamin C levels than females, independent of age.This validated LC-MS/MS method enables accurate assessment of total ascorbic acid in clinical settings. With a significant proportion of patients showing suboptimal vitamin C levels, increased awareness is needed to support targeted screening and nutritional interventions. CI - Copyright (c) 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V. FAU - Kelly, Dylan AU - Kelly D AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands. Electronic address: s.d.kellij@umcg.nl. FAU - van der Ley, Claude P AU - van der Ley CP AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands. FAU - Booij, Ron AU - Booij R AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands. FAU - Kema, Ido P AU - Kema IP AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands. FAU - Vos, Michel J AU - Vos MJ AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands. FAU - van Faassen, Martijn AU - van Faassen M AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260322 PL - Netherlands TA - J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci JT - Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences JID - 101139554 RN - PQ6CK8PD0R (Ascorbic Acid) SB - IM MH - *Ascorbic Acid/blood MH - Humans MH - *Tandem Mass Spectrometry/methods MH - *Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/methods MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Female MH - Male MH - Limit of Detection MH - Linear Models MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - Adolescent MH - Ascorbic Acid Deficiency/blood OTO - NOTNLM OT - Ascorbic acid OT - Chromatography OT - Hypovitaminosis OT - LC-MS/MS OT - Mass spectrometry OT - Plasma OT - TCEP OT - Validation OT - Vitamin C COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/03/29 18:34 MHDA- 2026/04/19 17:47 CRDT- 2026/03/29 13:01 PHST- 2025/12/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/01/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/19 17:47 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/29 18:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/29 13:01 [entrez] AID - S1570-0232(26)00112-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jchromb.2026.125023 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2026 May 15;1276:125023. doi: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2026.125023. Epub 2026 Mar 22. PMID- 41904598 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260507 LR - 20260813 IS - 2055-5784 (Print) IS - 2055-5784 (Electronic) IS - 2055-5784 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Mar 28 TI - Feasibility of the Promoting Pupils' Physical Literacy (3PL) intervention: Does it work? Will it work? LID - 10.1186/s40814-026-01806-w [doi] LID - 60 AB - BACKGROUND: The rise in physical inactivity among children poses serious health risks impacting physical, mental, and social well-being. Physical literacy (PL) has been identified as an effective approach to encourage long-term physical engagement. Schools and communities, particularly through physical education (PE) programs, play a critical role in promoting PL. However, while there are several PL-focused PE interventions worldwide, no such programs have been specifically tailored to Nordic contexts, making feasibility testing essential for effective implementation. This study investigated the feasibility of a Danish adaptation of an Irish PL program, Y-PATH. METHODS: The adapted program, the Promoting Pupils' Physical Literacy (3PL) intervention, provided PE teachers with resources, courses, and a website to enhance motivational climates in PE and promote PL among 4th and 5th grade pupils. The study was conducted in accordance with Medical Research Council guidelines and Bowen et al.'s (2009) framework. Feasibility indicators including acceptability, demand, implementation, practicality, adaptation, and integration were investigated using a weekly questionnaire for PE teachers, interviews (n = four teachers and 20 pupils), observations, and field notes. The quantitative data were analyzed descriptively, while the qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analyses. RESULTS: 3PL was found to be feasible and acceptable among pupils and teachers (e.g., materials were used in 71% of lessons). While the materials supported implementation for teachers, workload adjustments are needed. Teachers adapted lessons effectively, balancing an inclusive and motivating learning environment. Despite minor challenges, 3PL fostered engagement among pupils and teachers with potential for expansion. CONCLUSION: 3PL represents a feasible and promising approach to promote PL in a Danish school setting. Feasibility testing demonstrated the potential for scaling 3PL, while recognizing that large-scale trials are needed to validate its broader impact. TRIAL REGISTRATION: A protocol for adaptation of 3PL was published in Open Science Framework, registered in December 2022 (1). The 3PL study was preregistered at ClinicalTrials.gov (ID NCT05822024), April 2023, version 1 ( https://classic. CLINICALTRIALS: gov/ct2/show/NCT05822024 ), before enrolment. A study protocol was written before intervention start (August 2023) and hereafter officially published in January 2024 (2). CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Amholt, Thea Toft AU - Amholt TT AD - Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, The Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark. thea.toft.amholt@regionh.dk. FAU - Kurtzhals, Mette AU - Kurtzhals M AD - Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, The Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark. AD - Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Melby, Paulina AU - Melby P AD - Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, The Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark. AD - Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. FAU - Bolling, Mads AU - Bolling M AD - Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, The Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark. AD - Program on Outdoor Pedagogy, Research Centre for Didactics and Pedagogy, VIA University College, Aarhus, Denmark. FAU - Moller, Olivia Mandal AU - Moller OM AD - Section for Health Services Research, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Lise, Mathilde Kragh AU - Lise MK AD - Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, The Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark. FAU - Stage, Anna AU - Stage A AD - Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, The Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark. FAU - O'Brien, Wesley AU - O'Brien W AD - Physical Education, Sports Studies and Arts Programme, School of Education, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland. FAU - Belton, Sarahjane AU - Belton S AD - School of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Science and Health, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland. FAU - Elsborg, Peter AU - Elsborg P AD - Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, The Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark. FAU - Nielsen, Glen AU - Nielsen G AD - Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Bentsen, Peter AU - Bentsen P AD - Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, The Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark. AD - Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT05822024 GR - 153181/TrygFonden/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260328 PL - England TA - Pilot Feasibility Stud JT - Pilot and feasibility studies JID - 101676536 PMC - PMC13151210 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Child health OT - Health promotion OT - Implementation OT - Motivation OT - Movement skills OT - Physical education OT - Prevention OT - Program OT - School based OT - Translation of intervention COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study protocol was assessed by the Regional Committee on Health Research Ethics, Capital Region, Denmark, March 23, 2023 (ID: 2106200699). The committee determined that in accordance with Danish law, the protocol did not qualify for ethics review, as all non-biomedical research projects fall outside the scope of eligibility for ethics assessment. All participating PE teachers as well as parents of pupils participating in interviews provided written consent for participation. Furthermore, pupils participating in interviews provided oral assent for participation. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/03/29 07:35 MHDA- 2026/03/29 07:36 PMCR- 2026/03/28 CRDT- 2026/03/28 23:28 PHST- 2025/04/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/29 07:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/29 07:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/28 23:28 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s40814-026-01806-w [pii] AID - 1806 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s40814-026-01806-w [doi] PST - epublish SO - Pilot Feasibility Stud. 2026 Mar 28;12(1):60. doi: 10.1186/s40814-026-01806-w. PMID- 41904341 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260627 LR - 20260813 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Mar 28 TI - Basketball participation improves sleep quality through psychological flexibility in adolescents. LID - 10.1038/s41598-026-46073-0 [doi] LID - 10733 AB - This study investigated the relationship between basketball participation and sleep quality among adolescents, focusing on the mediating role of psychological flexibility. The research aimed to clarify how participation in structured team sports contributes to daytime and nighttime aspects of sleep health, including daytime distress and insomnia symptoms. A total of 818 students (54.03% male) from Grades 5 to 9 participated in the study. Participants completed validated questionnaires assessing basketball participation, psychological flexibility, daytime distress, and insomnia symptoms. Reliability and validity analyses confirmed satisfactory psychometric properties for all scales. Multiple regression and structural equation modeling were conducted to examine the direct and indirect associations, and a bias-corrected bootstrapping approach (5,000 resamples) was used to test mediation effects. Basketball participation showed significant negative effects on both daytime distress (beta = - 0.191, 95% CI [-0.265, - 0.113]) and insomnia symptoms (beta = - 0.214, 95% CI [-0.173, - 0.095]). Psychological flexibility exerted significant negative effects on daytime distress (beta = - 0.398) and insomnia symptoms (beta = - 0.402), and it mediated the relationships between basketball participation and both outcomes. The indirect effects were significant for daytime distress (beta = - 0.129, 95% CI [-0.170, - 0.095]) and insomnia symptoms (beta = - 0.130, 95% CI [-0.292, - 0.134]), accounting for 40.31% and 37.79% of the total effects, respectively. Basketball participation was associated with lower levels of daytime distress and insomnia symptoms, both directly and indirectly through enhanced psychological flexibility. The results underscore the role of sport-based engagement in promoting psychological adaptability and sleep health among adolescents. Integrating physical activity with interventions targeting psychological flexibility may represent an effective strategy for improving emotional regulation and sleep quality in youth. FAU - Peng, Bo AU - Peng B AD - School of sports training, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. 2461556160@qq.com. FAU - Liu, Tong AU - Liu T AD - School of sports training, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. FAU - Ren, Yawei AU - Ren Y AD - School of sports training, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. FAU - Kong, Mingmin AU - Kong M AD - School of sports training, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. FAU - Yin, Zhongen AU - Yin Z AD - College of Physical Education and Health Management, Chongqing University of Education, Nan'an, Chongqing, China. LA - eng GR - 22XTY016/National Social Science Fund of China/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260328 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Basketball/psychology/physiology MH - Adolescent MH - Male MH - *Sleep Quality MH - *Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/psychology MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Female MH - *Sleep/physiology MH - Psychometrics PMC - PMC13039140 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescents OT - Basketball participation OT - Daytime distress OT - Insomnia symptoms OT - Psychological flexibility OT - Sleep quality COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study strictly adhered to the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki and complied with the ethical guidelines issued by relevant national and institutional authorities. The research protocol was formally reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Chengdu Sport University (Approval Number: CTYLL2025004) to ensure compliance with ethical research standards. As the majority of participants in this study were minors, their rights were fully protected throughout the implementation of the research, including but not limited to obtaining consent through their legal guardians when applicable. In special cases, we obtained approval from the Ethics Committee to communicate with parents through class teachers and obtain parental consent in these specific circumstances. The study followed ethical standards to ensure informed consent, and participants' privacy was rigorously safeguarded during data collection and analysis. All procedures were designed to minimize potential risks, while ensuring safety, respect, and confidentiality, effectively protecting the rights and well-being of the participants. EDAT- 2026/03/29 07:35 MHDA- 2026/06/27 12:36 PMCR- 2026/03/28 CRDT- 2026/03/28 23:18 PHST- 2025/11/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 12:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/29 07:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/28 23:18 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-46073-0 [pii] AID - 46073 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-46073-0 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2026 Mar 28;16(1):10733. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-46073-0. PMID- 41903777 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260610 LR - 20261022 IS - 1876-2867 (Electronic) IS - 1876-2859 (Print) IS - 1876-2859 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 4 DP - 2026 May-Jun TI - The Feasibility of Using Best Practice Alerts in Pediatric Primary Care for Obesity Research. PG - 103310 LID - S1876-2859(26)00092-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.acap.2026.103310 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Recruiting participants in pediatric obesity research is challenging due to logistical and systemic barriers. This study evaluated the use of a best practice alert (BPA) within the electronic health record (EHR) to aid in recruitment for a randomized controlled trial testing a pediatric obesity treatment intervention. METHODS: The BPA was designed to identify eligible patients aged 5 to 17 years with a body mass index >/=95th percentile during their annual well-child visits. Between January 2018 and March 2020, the BPA was utilized in 4 primary care clinics. Patients were identified in the EHR and pre-screened by the study team. RESULTS: The BPA was deployed to 2121 individual patients, and providers responded to 85% of alerts. Over half (52%) of patients indicated interest in further contact by the study team. The BPA facilitated recruitment 68% (177/261) of participants or 16% of those who agreed to be contacted. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the BPA was responsible for the majority of total enrollment in the trial. This study demonstrates the potential of BPAs to facilitate recruitment into pediatric obesity treatment studies. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Academic Pediatric Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Scott, Annika B AU - Scott AB AD - Duke University School of Medicine (AB Scott, N Zucker, and E Schwark), Durham, NC. Electronic address: Annika.kruse@duke.edu. FAU - Armstrong, Sarah AU - Armstrong S AD - Duke Department of Pediatrics (S Armstrong, M Windom, and JS Li), Durham, NC. FAU - Windom, McAllister AU - Windom M AD - Duke Department of Pediatrics (S Armstrong, M Windom, and JS Li), Durham, NC. FAU - Li, Jennifer S AU - Li JS AD - Duke Department of Pediatrics (S Armstrong, M Windom, and JS Li), Durham, NC. FAU - Shah, Svati H AU - Shah SH AD - Duke Department of Medicine (SH Shah, WE Kraus), Durham, NC. FAU - Story, Mary AU - Story M AD - Duke Global Health Institute (M Story), Durham, NC. FAU - Zucker, Nancy AU - Zucker N AD - Duke University School of Medicine (AB Scott, N Zucker, and E Schwark), Durham, NC. FAU - Kraus, William E AU - Kraus WE AD - Duke Department of Medicine (SH Shah, WE Kraus), Durham, NC. FAU - Zizzi, Alexandra R AU - Zizzi AR AD - Duke Department of Population Health Sciences (AR Zizzi, AC Skinner, and CD Neshteruk), Durham, NC. FAU - Schwark Ii, Earl AU - Schwark Ii E AD - Duke University School of Medicine (AB Scott, N Zucker, and E Schwark), Durham, NC. FAU - Skinner, Asheley C AU - Skinner AC AD - Duke Department of Population Health Sciences (AR Zizzi, AC Skinner, and CD Neshteruk), Durham, NC. FAU - Neshteruk, Cody D AU - Neshteruk CD AD - Duke Department of Population Health Sciences (AR Zizzi, AC Skinner, and CD Neshteruk), Durham, NC. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT03339440 GR - K12 HL138030/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20260326 PL - United States TA - Acad Pediatr JT - Academic pediatrics JID - 101499145 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - *Primary Health Care MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Child, Preschool MH - Electronic Health Records MH - Male MH - Feasibility Studies MH - *Patient Selection MH - *Pediatric Obesity/therapy MH - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic MH - Practice Guidelines as Topic MH - Body Mass Index PMC - PMC13684880 MID - NIHMS2167862 OTO - NOTNLM OT - clinical research OT - obesity OT - pediatric OT - recruitment COIS- Declarations of Competing Interest The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose. EDAT- 2026/03/29 07:35 MHDA- 2026/06/11 05:38 PMCR- 2026/10/21 CRDT- 2026/03/28 20:15 PHST- 2025/07/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/11 05:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/29 07:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/28 20:15 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1876-2859(26)00092-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.acap.2026.103310 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Acad Pediatr. 2026 May-Jun;26(4):103310. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2026.103310. Epub 2026 Mar 26. PMID- 41903344 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260713 LR - 20260713 IS - 1873-1244 (Electronic) IS - 0899-9007 (Linking) VI - 147 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Understanding household economic influences on child stunting: A cross-sectional study in Eastern Uganda. PG - 113187 LID - S0899-9007(26)00095-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.nut.2026.113187 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Child stunting is a significant public health concern in rural Uganda, where poverty and food insecurity are prevalent. This study aimed to examine how household economic factors influence child stunting in a rural district of Eastern Uganda and to assess whether food security moderates this relationship. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 289 children aged 24-59 months in Namutumba District, Eastern Uganda. Data were collected on household asset-based wealth, food security, and household income diversification using a validated questionnaire, while anthropometric measurements of children were obtained using standard measurement procedures. Prevalence rate ratios were calculated to determine the association between household economic factors and child stunting using modified Poisson regression, and the moderating effect of food security was assessed on the additive scale using predictive margins. RESULTS: The prevalence of stunting was 28%. Household asset-based wealth was not significantly associated with stunting. However, household income diversification showed an inverse association with stunting. Children from households with two or more income-earning members had a significantly lower prevalence of stunting compared to those with none (adjusted prevalence rate ratio = 0.50; 95% confidence interval: 0.26, 0.97). Among severely food-insecure households, the predicted probability of stunting was 23% lower (95% confidence interval: -2.8%, -43.4%) for children living in households with multiple income earners compared with those in households with no income earners. CONCLUSIONS: While asset-based wealth was not associated with child stunting, household income diversification proved to be protective. These findings indicate considerations for interventions that integrate multiple income generation with food security strategies to reduce child stunting in this population. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Matovu, Nicholas AU - Matovu N AD - Centre for Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kyambogo University, Kampala, Uganda. Electronic address: n.matovu@qub.ac.uk. FAU - Kizito, Ndegeya AU - Kizito N AD - Department of Nutrition Sciences and Dietetics, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Kyambogo University, Kampala, Uganda. FAU - Aljohani, Motab AU - Aljohani M AD - Department of Public Health, Saudi Electronic University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260305 PL - United States TA - Nutrition JT - Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) JID - 8802712 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Uganda/epidemiology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Growth Disorders/epidemiology MH - Female MH - Child, Preschool MH - Male MH - *Family Characteristics MH - Prevalence MH - *Socioeconomic Factors MH - Rural Population/statistics & numerical data MH - *Income/statistics & numerical data MH - Infant MH - Poverty/statistics & numerical data MH - Food Security MH - Food Insecurity MH - Food Supply/statistics & numerical data OTO - NOTNLM OT - Child stunting OT - Food insecurity OT - Household income dynamics OT - Nutrition-sensitive interventions OT - Rural Uganda OT - Socioeconomic status COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/03/29 07:35 MHDA- 2026/04/21 17:43 CRDT- 2026/03/28 19:03 PHST- 2025/09/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/21 17:43 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/29 07:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/28 19:03 [entrez] AID - S0899-9007(26)00095-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.nut.2026.113187 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nutrition. 2026 Jul;147:113187. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2026.113187. Epub 2026 Mar 5. PMID- 41903076 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260627 LR - 20260813 IS - 2731-4383 (Electronic) IS - 2731-4383 (Linking) VI - 6 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Mar 28 TI - Psychological benefits of physical-sport practice in recent mothers. LID - 10.1007/s44192-026-00440-5 [doi] LID - 83 AB - This study examines the relationship between physical-sport activity and mental health in women during the postpartum period, assessing negative variables (depression, anxiety, and stress) and positive ones (resilience and grit). A total of 328 women from Andalusia (Spain) participated, engaging in 240-300 min of weekly physical activity in accordance with WHO recommendations, and having given birth within the previous six weeks. Validated scales (DASS-21, RS-14, and GRIT-O) were administered, and activity levels were measured using Wold's (Health-Behavior in schoolchildren: a WHO cross-national Survey. Resource package questions 1993-94, Norway: Universidad de Bergen, Noruega, 1995) questionnaire. The analysis included descriptive statistics, reliability coefficients, Pearson correlations, and multiple linear regressions to assess the association between physical-sport activity and psychological variables. Results showed that such activity was significantly associated with lower levels of depression, anxiety, and stress, and with higher levels of resilience and grit. These findings confirm previous evidence on the benefits of exercise for perinatal mental health and provide novel insights into its role in strengthening positive psychological resources. It is concluded that promoting physical activity programs tailored to the needs of new mothers may be an integral strategy to prevent emotional distress and enhance key personal competencies. FAU - Aguilar-Parra, Jose M AU - Aguilar-Parra JM AD - Department of Psychology, Hum-878 Research Team, Health Research Centre, University of Almeria, Ctra. de Sacramento S/N, 04120, La Canada de San Urbano, Almeria, Spain. FAU - Trigueros, Ruben AU - Trigueros R AD - Department of Psychology, Hum-878 Research Team, Health Research Centre, University of Almeria, Ctra. de Sacramento S/N, 04120, La Canada de San Urbano, Almeria, Spain. rtr088@ual.es. FAU - Fernandez-Ortega, Carmen AU - Fernandez-Ortega C AD - Department of Psychology, Hum-878 Research Team, Health Research Centre, University of Almeria, Ctra. de Sacramento S/N, 04120, La Canada de San Urbano, Almeria, Spain. FAU - Del Mar Miralles-Dioni, Maria AU - Del Mar Miralles-Dioni M AD - Department of Psychology, Hum-878 Research Team, Health Research Centre, University of Almeria, Ctra. de Sacramento S/N, 04120, La Canada de San Urbano, Almeria, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260328 PL - Switzerland TA - Discov Ment Health JT - Discover mental health JID - 9918350483906676 PMC - PMC13149799 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Grit OT - Mental health OT - Physical-sport activity OT - Postpartum OT - Resilience COIS- Declarations. Consent to publication: Not applicable. Ethical approval and consent to participate: The present study was approved by the Bioethics Committee of the University of Almeria (REF: UALBIO2024/007). In addition, all procedures performed in the studies with human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its subsequent amendments or comparable ethical standards. Informed consent: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. Human and animal rights: All participants in the study agreed to participate freely and without any external pressure or reward. Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/03/29 07:34 MHDA- 2026/03/29 07:35 PMCR- 2026/03/28 CRDT- 2026/03/28 12:20 PHST- 2025/09/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/29 07:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/29 07:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/28 12:20 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s44192-026-00440-5 [pii] AID - 440 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s44192-026-00440-5 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Discov Ment Health. 2026 Mar 28;6(1):83. doi: 10.1007/s44192-026-00440-5. PMID- 41902909 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260730 LR - 20261010 IS - 1432-198X (Electronic) IS - 0931-041X (Linking) VI - 41 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Lung ultrasound: a complementary dynamic method to estimate target weight in pediatric hemodialysis. PG - 2951-2959 LID - 10.1007/s00467-026-07272-z [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Target weight assessment remains challenging, particularly in children, where ongoing growth adds complexity. Lung ultrasound (LUS) has emerged as a promising tool for assessing hydration, although pediatric data are limited. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective, single-center study between January and September 2024. Target weight was assessed using clinical examination, pre-dialysis NT-proBNP level, relative overhydration by bioimpedance analysis (BIA), inferior vena cava (IVC) diameter, and LUS score (12-zone protocol). The primary outcome was the association between LUS and other assessment methods. Secondary outcomes included the reliability of LUS with dialysis-related weight loss and its contribution to multimodal evaluation. Mixed-effects regression models were used. RESULTS: Sixty-eight dialysis sessions of 10 children on hemodialysis were analyzed. The median pre-dialysis LUS score was 7 (IQR 5-9), which decreased to 4 (IQR 3-6) post-dialysis. LUS correlated significantly with NT-proBNP level (p = 0.006) but not with BIA or IVC. A trend was observed for clinical signs (p = 0.072). Changes in the LUS score correlated with dialysis-related weight loss (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: LUS is a sensitive, dynamic complementary tool for assessing target weight in pediatric hemodialysis patients. It provides additional information on extravascular fluid status and should be considered within multimodal target weight strategies, especially in cases of discordance. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to International Pediatric Nephrology Association. FAU - Moussler, Benjamin AU - Moussler B AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-0876-9992 AD - Pediatric Nephrology Department, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, 54000, France. b.moussler2@chru-nancy.fr. FAU - Wiedemann, Arnaud AU - Wiedemann A AD - Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, University Regional Hospital Center of Nancy, Nancy, F-54000, France. AD - University Regional Hospital Center. of Nancy, INSERM UMRS 1256 NGERE-Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure, Nancy, 54000, France. FAU - Mirguet, Anne AU - Mirguet A AD - Pediatric Nephrology Department, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, 54000, France. FAU - Camoin-Schweitzer, Marie-Christine AU - Camoin-Schweitzer MC AD - Pediatric Nephrology Department, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, 54000, France. FAU - Luc, Amandine AU - Luc A AD - DRCI, MPI Department, Methodology, Data Management and Statistics Unit, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France. FAU - Jeanbert, Elodie AU - Jeanbert E AD - DRCI, MPI Department, Methodology, Data Management and Statistics Unit, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France. FAU - Vrillon, Isabelle AU - Vrillon I AD - Pediatric Nephrology Department, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, 54000, France. FAU - Grosyeux, Chloe AU - Grosyeux C AD - Pediatric Nephrology Department, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, 54000, France. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260328 PL - Germany TA - Pediatr Nephrol JT - Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) JID - 8708728 RN - 0 (Peptide Fragments) RN - 0 (pro-brain natriuretic peptide (1-76)) RN - 114471-18-0 (Natriuretic Peptide, Brain) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Renal Dialysis/adverse effects MH - Female MH - Male MH - Ultrasonography/methods MH - Child MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Lung/diagnostic imaging MH - Adolescent MH - Child, Preschool MH - Vena Cava, Inferior/diagnostic imaging MH - Peptide Fragments/blood MH - *Body Weight MH - Electric Impedance MH - Natriuretic Peptide, Brain/blood MH - *Kidney Failure, Chronic/therapy MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Weight Loss OTO - NOTNLM OT - Biompedance spectroscopy OT - Hemodialysis OT - Inferior vena cava OT - Lung ultrasound OT - NT-proBNP OT - Pediatrics OT - Target weight COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This retrospective study was approved by the local ethical committee (Comite d'Ethique du CHRU de Nancy, saisine no. 556). Non-opposition procedure was applied, as displayed in the Pediatric Dialysis Unit of the center (2024PI-200). Conflict of interest: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/03/29 07:34 MHDA- 2026/07/30 12:43 CRDT- 2026/03/28 12:13 PHST- 2025/12/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/02/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/30 12:43 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/29 07:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/28 12:13 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00467-026-07272-z [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00467-026-07272-z [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pediatr Nephrol. 2026 Sep;41(9):2951-2959. doi: 10.1007/s00467-026-07272-z. Epub 2026 Mar 28. PMID- 41901917 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260713 LR - 20260813 IS - 1424-8220 (Electronic) IS - 1424-8220 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Mar 10 TI - Validity, Reliability and Interpretability of an IMU-Based System to Measure 3D Lower Limb Kinematics of Patients with Heterogeneous Gait Disorders. LID - 10.3390/s26061746 [doi] LID - 1746 AB - Inertial measurement units (IMUs) represent a promising alternative to optoelectronic systems for estimating gait kinematics in less resource-intensive laboratories. However, evidence regarding the clinical interpretability of IMU-based gait analysis in pathological populations remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate the concurrent validity, reliability, and interpretability of an IMU-based method for computing 3D lower limb kinematics in asymptomatic and pathological populations. Fifty-five participants, including asymptomatic individuals (AS, n = 15), patients with cerebral palsy (CP, n = 15), and individuals with various motor disorders (OMD, n = 25), were assessed using a 7-IMU system and an optoelectronic system. Validity was quantified using root mean square error (RMSE), centered RMSE, and Pearson correlation coefficients (CCs) across 11 commonly reported lower limb kinematic outcomes. Reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), and interpretability was examined by comparing Gait Profile Scores (GPS) derived from both systems. Mean RMSE values were 7.1 degrees (AS), 9.8 degrees (CP), and 9.3 degrees (OMD), with centered RMSE values below 3.2 degrees . The correlation between IMU- and optoelectronic-based kinematics was good to excellent (mean CC = 0.76). Reliability ranged from moderate to excellent, and GPS showed moderate agreement between systems (CC = 0.42). These findings support the clinical validity, reliability, and interpretability of IMU-based gait kinematics across heterogeneous gait disorders. FAU - Carcreff, Lena AU - Carcreff L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0086-4944 AD - Kinesiology Laboratory, Geneva University Hospitals and Geneva University, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland. AD - Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Hospital of Angers, 49100 Angers, France. FAU - Payen, Gabriel AU - Payen G AD - MindMaze, 1006 Lausanne, Switzerland. FAU - Grouvel, Gautier AU - Grouvel G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2797-7677 AD - Kinesiology Laboratory, Geneva University Hospitals and Geneva University, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland. AD - Center of Research on Skeletal Muscle and Movement, Geneva University Hospitals and Geneva University, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland. FAU - Cardoso-Fonseca, Mickael AU - Cardoso-Fonseca M AD - Kinesiology Laboratory, Geneva University Hospitals and Geneva University, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland. FAU - Masse, Fabien AU - Masse F AD - MindMaze, 1006 Lausanne, Switzerland. FAU - Armand, Stephane AU - Armand S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9144-4982 AD - Kinesiology Laboratory, Geneva University Hospitals and Geneva University, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland. AD - Center of Research on Skeletal Muscle and Movement, Geneva University Hospitals and Geneva University, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland. LA - eng GR - 38215.1 IP-LS/Innosuisse - Swiss Innovation Agency/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260310 PL - Switzerland TA - Sensors (Basel) JT - Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101204366 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Biomechanical Phenomena/physiology MH - Female MH - *Lower Extremity/physiopathology/physiology MH - Male MH - *Gait/physiology MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Adult MH - *Gait Analysis/methods MH - Cerebral Palsy/physiopathology MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Middle Aged MH - *Gait Disorders, Neurologic/physiopathology PMC - PMC13030621 OTO - NOTNLM OT - clinical gait analysis OT - concurrent validity OT - inertial measurement units OT - interpretability OT - lower limb kinematics OT - reliability COIS- F. Masse and G. Payen were employed by Mindmaze SA when the study was conducted. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/03/28 06:40 MHDA- 2026/03/28 06:41 PMCR- 2026/03/10 CRDT- 2026/03/28 01:34 PHST- 2025/12/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/28 06:41 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/28 06:40 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/28 01:34 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - s26061746 [pii] AID - sensors-26-01746 [pii] AID - 10.3390/s26061746 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sensors (Basel). 2026 Mar 10;26(6):1746. doi: 10.3390/s26061746. PMID- 41901653 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260813 IS - 1648-9144 (Electronic) IS - 1010-660X (Print) IS - 1010-660X (Linking) VI - 62 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Mar 19 TI - Intrapartum Fetal Compromise in Late-Onset Fetal Growth Restriction Using the Modified Myocardial Performance Index: A Prospective Cohort Study. LID - 10.3390/medicina62030572 [doi] LID - 572 AB - Background and Objectives: Predictive performance of the modified myocardial performance index (Mod-MPI) for emergency cesarean delivery secondary to intrapartum fetal compromise (IFC) was examined in late-onset fetal growth restriction (FGR) or small-for-gestational-age (SGA) pregnancies. Materials and Methods: This prospective observational cohort comprised 120 singleton term pregnancies affected by late-onset FGR or SGA, classified in line with the Delphi consensus criteria, for whom a trial of vaginal delivery was planned. The primary endpoint was emergency cesarean delivery indicated by IFC, while the secondary endpoint was the development of composite adverse perinatal outcomes (CAPO). Measurements of Mod-MPI, the umbilical artery, the middle cerebral artery, and the cerebroplacental ratio (CPR) were performed within the final 72 h before delivery and were blinded to the clinicians managing the intrapartum period. Results: IFC constituted 28.3% (n = 34) of the study cohort. The IFC group exhibited significantly higher Mod-MPI values and lower CPR values (p < 0.001). In multivariable analysis, elevated Mod-MPI (>/=0.61) and reduced CPR (<5th percentile) were identified as independent predictors of IFC. On receiver operating characteristic analysis, Mod-MPI demonstrated superior discriminative performance compared with CPR for predicting IFC (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.835 vs. 0.759). In contrast, CPR showed the highest diagnostic performance for predicting CAPO (AUC: 0.779). Conclusions: Mod-MPI reflects subclinical cardiac dysfunction in fetuses with late-onset FGR and SGA and represents a valuable parameter for predicting tolerance to acute intrapartum stress. Rather than routine implementation, it appears most appropriate as a complementary tool contributing to intrapartum risk assessment in selected high-risk cases. FAU - Kaya, Yucel AU - Kaya Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4597-2922 AD - Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Basaksehir Cam and Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul 34480, Turkey. FAU - Alpay, Verda AU - Alpay V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5937-0220 AD - Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Basaksehir Cam and Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul 34480, Turkey. FAU - Dagdeviren, Emrah AU - Dagdeviren E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1730-3724 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Basaksehir Cam and Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul 34480, Turkey. FAU - Yaman, Ilteris AU - Yaman I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5563-2887 AD - Division of Gynecologic Oncology Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Basaksehir Cam and Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul 34480, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260319 PL - Switzerland TA - Medicina (Kaunas) JT - Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) JID - 9425208 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Fetal Growth Retardation/physiopathology/diagnosis MH - Pregnancy MH - Prospective Studies MH - Adult MH - Cohort Studies MH - ROC Curve MH - *Fetal Distress/physiopathology MH - Cesarean Section MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Umbilical Arteries MH - Infant, Small for Gestational Age PMC - PMC13027402 OTO - NOTNLM OT - echocardiography OT - fetal distress OT - fetal growth retardation OT - parturition COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/03/28 06:40 MHDA- 2026/03/28 06:41 PMCR- 2026/03/19 CRDT- 2026/03/28 01:33 PHST- 2026/02/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/28 06:41 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/28 06:40 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/28 01:33 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - medicina62030572 [pii] AID - medicina-62-00572 [pii] AID - 10.3390/medicina62030572 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Medicina (Kaunas). 2026 Mar 19;62(3):572. doi: 10.3390/medicina62030572. PMID- 41901149 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260713 LR - 20260925 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Mar 19 TI - Fruit and Vegetable Parenting Practices in Preschoolers: Initial Examination and Cultural Equivalency of a New Measure. LID - 10.3390/nu18060974 [doi] LID - 974 AB - Background: Encouraging fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption early in childhood is important for long-term healthy eating. Though parents play an important role in shaping children's FV-related taste preferences and consumption, validated instruments assessing the range of parenting practices that specifically support young children's FV intake are scarce. Furthermore, little attention has been given to low-income families, cultural inclusivity, and FV practices across different settings. The current study sought to conduct an initial examination and explore the measurement equivalency of a new FV parenting practices questionnaire (FVPPQ) across racially/ethnically diverse groups that address these gaps. Methods: Data for this paper came from a large project focused on parents' FV parenting practices with young children enrolled in Head Start programs in the southern part of the U.S. Inclusion criteria were (a) parent/legal guardian being eighteen or older, (b) being the primary person responsible for child feeding, and (c) the child not requiring a special diet (e.g., diabetic). Using a multi-phases project approach, we (1) developed a preliminary conceptual map of parenting practice domains by reviewing existing measures on FV parenting practices; (2) completed and content-analyzed data from 18 focus groups (n = 62) to identify and further revise the preliminary conceptual map of domains, (3) administered a questionnaire with 11 domains of FV parenting practices, and then (4) empirically explored and reduced the measure while evaluating its content, construct, and criterion validity, and cultural equivalency across Non-Hispanic White, Hispanic White, and Black parents (n = 281). Results: Findings from Phases 1 and 2 generated a 107-item questionnaire that was reduced during phase 3 through a series of principal component and confirmatory factor analyses to the final FVPPQ with 21 items in four unique domains, showing good variability and inter-item consistency reliability: (1) Availability (5 items); (2) modeling (5 items); child-focused (5 items); and pressure (6 items). Three of the four domains evidenced cultural equivalency. Conclusions: The FVPPQ with four unique subscales demonstrated good content, construct validity, and partial measurement equivalency across racially/ethnically diverse groups of parents. Further confirmatory validation is warranted in larger samples, but the FVPPQ might be a promising and easily administered measure for research and applied interventions in nutrition, health behavior, and parenting contexts. FAU - Shriver, Lenka H AU - Shriver LH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3125-333X AD - Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, P.O. Box 26170, Greensboro, NC 27402-6170, USA. FAU - Buehler, Cheryl AU - Buehler C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3970-0883 AD - Human Development and Family Studies, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, P.O. Box 26170, Greensboro, NC 27402-6170, USA. LA - eng GR - NA/University of North Carolina Greensboro, Internal Funding, School of Health and Human Sciences/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260319 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Vegetables MH - *Parenting/ethnology MH - *Fruit MH - Child, Preschool MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Male MH - Food Preferences MH - Female MH - Focus Groups MH - Parents/psychology MH - Parent-Child Relations MH - Adult MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - *Diet, Healthy PMC - PMC13029407 OTO - NOTNLM OT - fruit and vegetable consumption OT - measure development OT - measurement equivalency OT - parenting practices OT - preschool-aged children COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/03/28 06:39 MHDA- 2026/03/28 06:40 PMCR- 2026/03/19 CRDT- 2026/03/28 01:31 PHST- 2026/02/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/28 06:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/28 06:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/28 01:31 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18060974 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-00974 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18060974 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Mar 19;18(6):974. doi: 10.3390/nu18060974. PMID- 41901104 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260713 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Mar 16 TI - Adaptation and Validation of the Gluten-Free Perceived Nutrition Environment Measures Survey (NEMS-P-GF) and Its Association with Gluten-Free Diet Adherence Among Adults with Celiac Disease in Chile. LID - 10.3390/nu18060929 [doi] LID - 929 AB - Background/Objectives: Strict adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD) is the only effective treatment for celiac disease (CeD) but remains challenging due to structural and environmental barriers. Evidence on these determinants in Latin America is scarce. This study aimed to adapt and validate the Gluten-Free Perceived Nutrition Environment Measures Survey (NEMS-P-GF) for adults with CeD in Chile and examine its association with GFD adherence. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey (October 2023-January 2024) included adults (>/=18 years) with biopsy- or serology-confirmed CeD (n = 233). The questionnaire collected sociodemographic and clinical data, assessed adherence using the Celiac Dietary Adherence Test (CDAT; good < 13, poor >/= 13), and measured perceptions of home and supply food environments via the adapted NEMS-P-GF. Construct validity was tested using exploratory factor analysis and reliability with Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega. Associations with adherence were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U. Results: NEMS-P-GF domains showed adequate validity (KMO 0.71-0.81; Bartlett's p < 0.001) and acceptable-to-excellent reliability (alpha/omega = 0.70-0.90). Participants with good vs. poor adherence perceived more supportive environments, particularly at home (median 4.79 vs. 1.29; p < 0.01) and globally (1.72 vs. -7.25; p < 0.01). Supply environments were perceived as less supportive due to limited availability and high prices (median -3.68 and -7.78), with smaller differences between adherence groups (p = 0.018). Conclusions: Supportive home environments were strongly associated with better GFD adherence, while supply environments remained broadly restrictive, showing modest but significant differences between adherence groups. The NEMS-P-GF demonstrated preliminary evidence of good psychometric properties and offers a valid, context-sensitive tool to assess GF food environments and inform public health strategies for CeD populations. FAU - Vega-Salas, Maria Jesus AU - Vega-Salas MJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5798-7091 AD - Departamento de Nutricion y Dietetica, Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile. AD - Center for Cancer Prevention and Control (CECAN), Santiago 7820436, Chile. FAU - Parada, Alejandra AU - Parada A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9573-2957 AD - Departamento de Nutricion y Dietetica, Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile. AD - Departamento de Nutricion, Diabetes y Metabolismo, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile. FAU - Hermosilla-Llanca, Danae AU - Hermosilla-Llanca D AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-0128-534X AD - Departamento de Nutricion y Dietetica, Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile. FAU - Berkowitz, Loni AU - Berkowitz L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8562-4845 AD - Departamento de Nutricion, Diabetes y Metabolismo, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile. AD - Centro de Nutricion Molecular y Enfermedades Cronicas, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago 8331010, Chile. FAU - Rodriguez Osiac, Lorena AU - Rodriguez Osiac L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7732-2580 AD - Center for Cancer Prevention and Control (CECAN), Santiago 7820436, Chile. AD - Escuela de Salud Publica Dr. Salvador Allende, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile. FAU - Egana Rojas, Daniel AU - Egana Rojas D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7877-0513 AD - Departamento de Atencion Primaria y Salud Familiar, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8900085, Chile. FAU - Rigotti, Attilio AU - Rigotti A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0495-3525 AD - Departamento de Nutricion, Diabetes y Metabolismo, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile. AD - Centro de Nutricion Molecular y Enfermedades Cronicas, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago 8331010, Chile. LA - eng GR - Concurso Interdisciplinario de Investigacion Escuela de Medicina y Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud 2023/Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile/ PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260316 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Celiac Disease/diet therapy/psychology MH - *Diet, Gluten-Free/psychology MH - Chile MH - Female MH - Adult MH - Male MH - *Patient Compliance/statistics & numerical data/psychology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Middle Aged MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Young Adult MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Adolescent MH - *Nutrition Surveys PMC - PMC13028700 OTO - NOTNLM OT - celiac disease OT - dietary adherence OT - food environments OT - gluten-free diet OT - structural determinants of diet COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of data, in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2026/03/28 06:40 MHDA- 2026/03/28 06:41 PMCR- 2026/03/16 CRDT- 2026/03/28 01:31 PHST- 2025/12/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/01/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/28 06:41 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/28 06:40 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/28 01:31 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18060929 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-00929 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18060929 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Mar 16;18(6):929. doi: 10.3390/nu18060929. PMID- 41901070 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260713 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Mar 12 TI - Development and Evaluation of a Functional Food Consumption Index (FunFoCI) in Adults. LID - 10.3390/nu18060895 [doi] LID - 895 AB - BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Functional foods are widely discussed in nutrition research, yet their consumption is rarely quantified using a standardized, food-based metric. We developed the Functional Food Consumption Index (FunFoCI) and conducted an initial evaluation of its performance in adults. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 500 adults (>/=18 years, 286 women, 214 men) were assessed using a 210-item quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and a 3 day food record (FR). Candidate index foods were evaluated by five experts, using a 4-point Likert scale to establish content validity, and the finalized FunFoCI comprised 100 foods across nine groups: fruits; vegetables; whole grains; legumes; nuts and oilseeds; fermented foods and products; animal-based foods; functional oils; and spices, herbal teas, and functional beverages. FunFoCI scoring used a sample distribution-based percentile approach, including modifications for zero-inflated or sparsely consumed items, followed by group-level normalization (0-1), equal weighting across nine groups, and rescaling to 0-100. FR data were used to examine the between-method feasibility of the scoring approach. The convergent validity was assessed via correlation analyses, with the Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I) and Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) derived from both FFQ and FR data, and additional correlation analyses and robustness checks were conducted to examine associations among key study variables. Known group patterns were examined across sociodemographic, lifestyle, and anthropometric characteristics. RESULTS: Content evaluation supported index coverage (S-CVI/Ave = 0.912; S-CVI/UA = 0.877; mean modified kappa = 0.899). The mean FunFoCI total scores were 32.68 +/- 11.92 (FFQ) and 13.29 +/- 4.65 (FR). Participants were classified into low (32.8%, n = 164), moderate (33.0%, n = 165), and high (34.2%, n = 171) FunFoCI categories. FunFoCI correlated with FFQ-derived DQI-I and HEI-2015 (r = 0.367 and r = 0.368; both p < 0.001), and both indices increased across ascending FunFoCI total scores (p < 0.001). The FFQ-derived FunFoCI total score was correlated with the FR-derived FunFoCI score (r = 0.294; p < 0.001). FunFoCI scores showed differences across participant sociodemographic, lifestyle and anthropometric characteristics. CONCLUSIONS: FunFoCI is a newly developed, expert-reviewed, food-based index with transparent, sample distribution-based scoring and normalized aggregation. Its initial evaluation supports its use for the standardized quantification of relative functional food consumption in adults, while further studies should assess the reliability and external validation criteria in other populations and study designs. FAU - Arman, Gulden AU - Arman G AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Artvin Coruh University, Artvin 08000, Turkey. AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06100, Turkey. FAU - Akyol, Asli AU - Akyol A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6301-6358 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06100, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260312 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Adult MH - Male MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Functional Food MH - Middle Aged MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Young Adult MH - Diet Records MH - *Diet, Healthy MH - *Diet Surveys MH - Feeding Behavior MH - Adolescent MH - Surveys and Questionnaires PMC - PMC13029523 OTO - NOTNLM OT - diet quality index-international (DQI-I) OT - food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) OT - functional food consumption index (FunFoCI) OT - functional foods OT - healthy eating index-2015 (HEI-2015) COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/03/28 06:39 MHDA- 2026/03/28 06:40 PMCR- 2026/03/12 CRDT- 2026/03/28 01:31 PHST- 2026/01/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/28 06:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/28 06:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/28 01:31 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18060895 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-00895 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18060895 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Mar 12;18(6):895. doi: 10.3390/nu18060895. PMID- 41899775 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260813 IS - 1660-4601 (Electronic) IS - 1661-7827 (Print) IS - 1660-4601 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Mar 20 TI - A Bifactor Measure of Societal Stigma Toward Eating Disorders and Obesity: Scale Development and Validation. LID - 10.3390/ijerph23030399 [doi] LID - 399 AB - BACKGROUND: Societal stigma toward eating disorders and obesity remains pervasive and is associated with psychological distress, maladaptive eating behaviors, reduced help-seeking, and barriers to care. Despite its documented impact, comprehensive and psychometrically robust instruments to assess stigma-particularly in Spanish-speaking populations-are scarce. This study aimed to develop and validate a multidimensional measure of societal stigma toward eating disorders and obesity in Spain, grounded in contemporary stigma frameworks. METHODS: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in a large community sample recruited online (N = 2121). An initial pool of stigma-related items was developed based on theoretical and empirical literature and refined through expert content validation. Psychometric evaluation included item screening, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), bifactor modeling, and reliability assessment. The sample was randomly split for EFA (n = 988) and CFA (n = 658). Associations between stigma scores and sociodemographic and experiential variables were examined. RESULTS: The final 36-item instrument demonstrated excellent psychometric properties. Bifactor analyses supported an essentially unidimensional structure dominated by a strong general stigma factor, with secondary content-specific dimensions (e.g., legitimacy, personal responsibility, visibility, and treatment beliefs). The theory-driven bifactor model showed excellent fit (CFI = 0.991; TLI = 0.990; RMSEA = 0.024). The general factor exhibited high reliability (omega(h) = 0.87). Higher stigma was observed among men, older participants, and individuals without personal or familial experience of eating disorders or obesity. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides a reliable and theoretically grounded instrument for assessing societal stigma toward eating disorders and obesity in Spain. The scale enables systematic research on stigma and offers a valuable tool for public health surveillance, intervention development, and evaluation of anti-stigma initiatives aimed at promoting compassionate and equitable care. FAU - Suso-Ribera, Carlos AU - Suso-Ribera C AD - Rheumatology Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, 08035 Barcelona, Spain. AD - Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Canarias, 38300 La Orotava, Spain. FAU - Diaz-Sanahuja, Laura AU - Diaz-Sanahuja L AD - Faculty of Psychology and Speech Therapy, Universidad de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain. FAU - Paredes-Mealla, Macarena AU - Paredes-Mealla M AD - Hospital Provincial Foundation, 12006 Castellon, Spain. FAU - Marsal, Sara AU - Marsal S AD - Rheumatology Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, 08035 Barcelona, Spain. AD - Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Almirall, Miriam AU - Almirall M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4874-8013 AD - Rheumatology Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, 08035 Barcelona, Spain. AD - Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study PT - Validation Study DEP - 20260320 PL - Switzerland TA - Int J Environ Res Public Health JT - International journal of environmental research and public health JID - 101238455 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology MH - *Obesity/psychology MH - *Social Stigma MH - Psychometrics MH - Spain MH - Male MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - Factor Analysis, Statistical MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13026928 OTO - NOTNLM OT - eating disorders OT - obesity OT - psychometric validation OT - scale development OT - stigma COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/03/28 06:40 MHDA- 2026/03/28 06:41 PMCR- 2026/03/20 CRDT- 2026/03/28 01:27 PHST- 2026/02/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/28 06:41 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/28 06:40 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/28 01:27 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ijerph23030399 [pii] AID - ijerph-23-00399 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijerph23030399 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2026 Mar 20;23(3):399. doi: 10.3390/ijerph23030399. PMID- 41899237 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260328 LR - 20260813 IS - 2077-0383 (Print) IS - 2077-0383 (Electronic) IS - 2077-0383 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Mar 18 TI - Identifying Predictors of Lung Volume in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Surgery: A STROBE-Compliant Retrospective Cross-Sectional Chest Computed Tomography Study. LID - 10.3390/jcm15062313 [doi] LID - 2313 AB - Background/Objectives: Tidal volume is determined by height and sex in adults under mechanical ventilation, and it serves as the foundation for implementing a lung-protective ventilation strategy. In children, tidal volume is often calculated based on actual body weight, without established guidelines regarding the predictors of lung volume. The aim of this study was to identify the key predictors of lung volume in children aged 0-5 years. Methods: This retrospective study involved 51 children aged 0-5 years who underwent chest computed tomography (CT) and surgery under general anesthesia between 2014 and 2024. The total lung volume was calculated using three-dimensional segmentation of the CT images. Linear regression models were used to assess predictors, including height, weight, age, sex, and body mass index (BMI). Model performance was evaluated using the adjusted R-squared and Akaike Information Criterion (AIC). Bootstrap validation with 2000 iterations was used to validate model reliability. Results: Height was the strongest predictor of lung volume (adjusted R-squared: 0.5621), and it showed a collinearity with age. The final model included age and sex as the covariates. The Bootstrap validation confirmed the model's reliability. Conclusions: Age and sex are key predictors of the CT-derived total lung volume in children aged 0-5 years. Further studies are required to validate these findings. In addition, research is needed to derive and validate a tidal volume equation based on these predictors and assess the influence of this equation on clinical outcomes such as atelectasis, oxygenation, and inflammatory markers in pediatric surgery. FAU - Lee, Sou-Hyun AU - Lee SH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6785-7688 AD - Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lim, Dong Gun AU - Lim DG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0976-2576 AD - Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea. FAU - Park, Sung-Sik AU - Park SS AD - Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea. FAU - Jeon, Younghoon AU - Jeon Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7168-4214 AD - Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea. FAU - Yeo, Jinseok AU - Yeo J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9686-9955 AD - Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea. FAU - Jung, Hoon AU - Jung H AD - Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea. FAU - Yeom, Jiyong AU - Yeom J AD - Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea. FAU - Choi, Chanhyo AU - Choi C AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-4333-9504 AD - Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kwak, Kyung-Hwa AU - Kwak KH AD - Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260318 PL - Switzerland TA - J Clin Med JT - Journal of clinical medicine JID - 101606588 PMC - PMC13027331 OTO - NOTNLM OT - computed tomography OT - linear model OT - pediatrics OT - respiratory physiological phenomena OT - total lung capacity COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/03/28 06:40 MHDA- 2026/03/28 06:41 PMCR- 2026/03/18 CRDT- 2026/03/28 01:25 PHST- 2026/02/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/28 06:41 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/28 06:40 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/28 01:25 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jcm15062313 [pii] AID - jcm-15-02313 [pii] AID - 10.3390/jcm15062313 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Clin Med. 2026 Mar 18;15(6):2313. doi: 10.3390/jcm15062313. PMID- 41898801 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260713 LR - 20260813 IS - 2073-4425 (Electronic) IS - 2073-4425 (Linking) VI - 17 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Feb 26 TI - Diagnosis of Familial Hypercholesterolemia in Children: From Clinical Features Through Gene Variants to Polygenic Score. LID - 10.3390/genes17030267 [doi] LID - 267 AB - BACKGROUND: Early diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is crucial to improve long-term outcomes. FH diagnosis relies on elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, familial clinical characteristics, and identification of pathogenic variants in FH-related genes. Secondary factors, such as overweight and obesity, are known to influence lipid profiles in the general population. More recently, polygenic risk scores based on single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been proposed as additional determinants of LDL-C levels. METHODS: We enrolled 214 pediatric subjects with LDL-C levels >/=95th percentile (after 6 months of dietary intervention) and with at least one parent with LDL-C levels >/= 95th percentile. All participants underwent biochemical and auxological assessment and genetic testing for FH. In a subgroup of 60 subjects, LDL-C polygenic scores based on 6- and 12-SNPs were calculated. RESULTS: Pathogenic variants confirming heterozygous FH were identified in 190 subjects (variant-positive, V+); 17 were variant-negative (V-), yielding a mutation detection rate of 91.8%. An additional seven patients carrying variants of uncertain significance were excluded from the primary analysis. LDL-C was modestly higher in V+ than V- subjects using both Friedewald (212 vs. 188 mg/dL; p = 0.035) and Martin-Hopkins formulas (208 vs. 187 mg/dL; p = 0.041), while the other main clinical and laboratory parameters were similar. In V+, LDL-C was higher in subjects with null variants, compared to those with defective variants. Body mass index (BMI SDS) was inversely correlated with HDL-C (p < 0.001), and obesity (BMI z-score > 2 SDS) was associated with lower HDL-C and higher LDL-C, non-HDL-C, and ApoB. With regard to the polygenic scores, 12- and 6-SNP scores showed overlap between V+ and V-, and published cut-offs did not discriminate lipid severity in our population; however, in V+ subjects, the 12-SNP score acted as a phenotype modifier, being independently associated with higher LDL-C and non-HDL-C levels after adjustment for age, sex, and BMI SDS. CONCLUSIONS: In children selected by LDL-C >/= 95th percentile, together with autosomal dominant familial hypercholesterolemia, genetic confirmation of FH is achieved in the vast majority of cases. Variant type (null vs. defective), BMI, and polygenic background contribute to phenotypic heterogeneity, supporting the need to address other factors alongside genetic diagnosis. Further validation is needed before polygenic scores can be implemented in routine clinical practice. FAU - Buganza, Raffaele AU - Buganza R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1850-2300 AD - Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy. FAU - Nobili, Cecilia AU - Nobili C AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-5112-8982 AD - Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy. FAU - Massini, Giulia AU - Massini G AD - Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy. FAU - Cardiero, Giovanna AU - Cardiero G AD - Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy. AD - CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, 80145 Naples, Italy. FAU - Di Taranto, Maria Donata AU - Di Taranto MD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0618-7940 AD - Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy. AD - CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, 80145 Naples, Italy. FAU - de Sanctis, Luisa AU - de Sanctis L AD - Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy. FAU - Guardamagna, Ornella AU - Guardamagna O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3137-5916 AD - Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260226 PL - Switzerland TA - Genes (Basel) JT - Genes JID - 101551097 RN - 0 (Cholesterol, LDL) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II/genetics/diagnosis/blood MH - Female MH - Child MH - Male MH - Genetic Risk Score MH - Cholesterol, LDL/blood/genetics MH - *Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide MH - *Multifactorial Inheritance MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13025718 OTO - NOTNLM OT - BMI OT - children OT - familial hypercholesterolemia OT - gene variants OT - polygenic score COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/03/28 06:39 MHDA- 2026/03/28 06:40 PMCR- 2026/02/26 CRDT- 2026/03/28 01:23 PHST- 2026/01/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/28 06:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/28 06:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/28 01:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/02/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - genes17030267 [pii] AID - genes-17-00267 [pii] AID - 10.3390/genes17030267 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Genes (Basel). 2026 Feb 26;17(3):267. doi: 10.3390/genes17030267. PMID- 41897217 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260328 LR - 20260813 IS - 2227-9032 (Print) IS - 2227-9032 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9032 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Mar 18 TI - Mediterranean Diet Adherence, Physical Activity, and Motivation Toward Physical Education in Adolescent Girls: A Cross-Sectional Study. LID - 10.3390/healthcare14060764 [doi] LID - 764 AB - Background: Adolescence represents a critical period for the adoption of lifestyle behaviors that may influence physical health, emotional well-being, and health-related behaviors later in life. However, limited evidence exists regarding the combined association of dietary habits and physical activity with motivation toward physical education, particularly among adolescent girls from different residential environments. Objective: This study aimed to examine the relationship between adherence to the Mediterranean diet, physical activity levels, and motivation toward physical education among adolescent girls from urban and rural settings. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out involving girls aged 12 to 14 years (n = 217; N(Urban) = 108 and N(Rural) = 109). Adherence to the Mediterranean diet, physical activity levels, and motivational dimensions toward PE were assessed using validated questionnaires. Differences between groups were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), and an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was performed controlling for physical activity levels. Effect sizes were calculated using partial eta squared (eta(2)p). Results: Significant differences were observed in intrinsic motivation, identified regulation, introjected regulation, and amotivation according to adherence to the Mediterranean diet (p < 0.05), with small to moderate effect sizes (eta(2)p = 0.029-0.040). Post hoc analyses indicated that girls with optimal adherence to the Mediterranean diet exhibited higher intrinsic motivation toward PE compared with those with low adherence. The ANCOVA revealed that higher physical activity levels were significantly associated with greater intrinsic motivation, particularly among girls from urban environments. No significant differences were found between urban and rural environments in overall physical activity levels or dietary adherence. Conclusions: Greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet and higher levels of physical activity are associated with more self-determined motivational profiles toward physical education in adolescent girls. These findings highlight the importance of integrated school-based interventions that promote healthy eating and active lifestyles to enhance motivation and engagement in PE among adolescent girls. FAU - San Martin Gonzalez, Paula AU - San Martin Gonzalez P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6783-1376 AD - Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pontifical University of Salamanca, 37002 Salamanca, Spain. FAU - Hermida Carballido, Natalia AU - Hermida Carballido N AD - Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain. FAU - Maneiro Dios, Ruben AU - Maneiro Dios R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2215-9720 AD - Department of Special Didactics, Faculty of Education and Sports Sciences, University of Vigo, 36005 Pontevedra, Spain. FAU - Arroyo Del Bosque, Ruben AU - Arroyo Del Bosque R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2460-2140 AD - Department of Specific Didactics, Faculty of Education, University of Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260318 PL - Switzerland TA - Healthcare (Basel) JT - Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101666525 PMC - PMC13026701 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Mediterranean diet OT - adolescent girls OT - health promotion OT - healthy lifestyle behaviours OT - school health programs OT - self-determination theory COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/03/28 06:39 MHDA- 2026/03/28 06:40 PMCR- 2026/03/18 CRDT- 2026/03/28 01:17 PHST- 2026/02/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/28 06:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/28 06:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/28 01:17 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - healthcare14060764 [pii] AID - healthcare-14-00764 [pii] AID - 10.3390/healthcare14060764 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Healthcare (Basel). 2026 Mar 18;14(6):764. doi: 10.3390/healthcare14060764. PMID- 41897212 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260328 LR - 20260813 IS - 2227-9032 (Print) IS - 2227-9032 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9032 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Mar 18 TI - Back Muscle Strength Is Associated with Self-Reported Morning-Erection Frequency in Apparently Healthy Japanese Male University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. LID - 10.3390/healthcare14060759 [doi] LID - 759 AB - Background/Objectives: Morning erections provide an intercourse-independent indicator of nocturnal erectile physiology. We aimed to examine whether body mass index (BMI) and muscle strength are associated with morning-erection frequency in apparently healthy Japanese male university students. Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed 125 men with complete data (170 assessed; 45 excluded). Handgrip and back muscle strength were measured using dynamometry; BMI was calculated from height and weight. Morning-erection frequency was assessed using a single 6-category item and was dichotomized as low vs. high. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were fitted. Exploratory principal component analysis (PCA) and k-means clustering (k = 2, silhouette-supported) were performed. Results: Seventy-four participants (59.2%) were classified as low frequency. Back muscle strength was associated with high frequency (univariable odds ratio [OR] 1.61; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.07-2.42; and p = 0.021) and remained significant after adjustment for BMI and handgrip strength (OR 1.88; 95% CI 1.02-3.47; and p = 0.045), whereas BMI and handgrip strength were not significant. Clustering identified two clusters (n = 41 and n = 84); Cluster 2 (higher BMI/strength) had a higher proportion of high morning-erection frequency (48% vs. 27%). Conclusions: In apparently healthy young men, greater back muscle strength was independently associated with higher self-reported morning-erection frequency. In this cohort, 59.2% reported infrequent morning erections, suggesting potential relevance even in early adulthood. Given the exploratory clustering, the single-item outcome, and likely residual confounding, these findings are hypothesis-generating and warrant longitudinal validation. FAU - Endo, Yoshiaki AU - Endo Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5582-343X AD - Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Science, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Otawara 324-8501, Tochigi, Japan. FAU - Tanaka, Takazo AU - Tanaka T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0370-0323 AD - Department of Urology, Tsukuba Gakuen Hospital, 2573-1 Kamiyokoba, Tsukuba 305-0854, Ibaraki, Japan. FAU - Kojo, Kosuke AU - Kojo K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6875-0874 AD - Department of Urology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan. AD - Tsukuba Clinical Research & Development Organization (T-CReDO), University of Tsukuba, 2-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba 305-8576, Ibaraki, Japan. AD - Center for Human Reproduction, International University of Health and Welfare Hospital, 537-3 Iguchi, Nasushiobara 329-2763, Tochigi, Japan. FAU - Matsumoto, Chiaki AU - Matsumoto C AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-1332-3633 AD - Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Science, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Otawara 324-8501, Tochigi, Japan. FAU - Kurobe, Masahiro AU - Kurobe M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5819-523X AD - Center for Human Reproduction, International University of Health and Welfare Hospital, 537-3 Iguchi, Nasushiobara 329-2763, Tochigi, Japan. AD - Department of Systems Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 1076 Kiyuna, Ginowan 901-2720, Okinawa, Japan. FAU - Nishiyama, Hiroyuki AU - Nishiyama H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7423-596X AD - Department of Urology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan. FAU - Takayama, Tatsuya AU - Takayama T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3360-7688 AD - Center for Human Reproduction, International University of Health and Welfare Hospital, 537-3 Iguchi, Nasushiobara 329-2763, Tochigi, Japan. AD - Department of Urology, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita 286-8686, Chiba, Japan. FAU - Miyazaki, Jun AU - Miyazaki J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3618-0432 AD - Department of Urology, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita 286-8686, Chiba, Japan. LA - eng GR - JPMJPF2017/Japan Science and Technology Agency/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260318 PL - Switzerland TA - Healthcare (Basel) JT - Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101666525 PMC - PMC13027116 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescent and young adult OT - body composition OT - erectile dysfunction OT - health behavior OT - lifestyle factors OT - muscle strength OT - nocturnal penile tumescence OT - reproductive health OT - sexual function OT - trunk muscles COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/03/28 06:39 MHDA- 2026/03/28 06:40 PMCR- 2026/03/18 CRDT- 2026/03/28 01:17 PHST- 2026/01/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/28 06:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/28 06:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/28 01:17 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - healthcare14060759 [pii] AID - healthcare-14-00759 [pii] AID - 10.3390/healthcare14060759 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Healthcare (Basel). 2026 Mar 18;14(6):759. doi: 10.3390/healthcare14060759. PMID- 41897117 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260328 LR - 20260813 IS - 2227-9067 (Print) IS - 2227-9067 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9067 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Mar 14 TI - Measuring Digital Stress in Children: Construct Validity, Model Comparisons, and Measurement Invariance of a Multidimensional Scale (DSS-CH). LID - 10.3390/children13030405 [doi] LID - 405 AB - Background: The use of digital media in childhood offers both opportunities and risks. Digital stressors-such as excessive screen time, constant availability, information overload, and social media pressures-affect primary school children but have been rarely studied systematically. Despite growing research, no validated instruments adequately capture how younger children perceive and express digital stress. This study presents the development and validation of a three-dimensional instrument for children under 14: the "Digital Stress in Children" scale (DSS-CH). The DSS-CH is theory-driven and child-appropriate, with three interrelated but distinct dimensions: (1) excessive screen time, (2) compulsive media behavior, and (3) approval anxiety. Methods: In a cross-sectional survey of n = 907 Swiss primary school children (grades 5-6; ages 10-14), participants completed an online questionnaire in class. Latent variable modeling with cluster-robust inference accounted for classroom nesting. Competing models (1-, 2-, 3-factor CFA; ESEM; bifactor-ESEM) were evaluated. Results: The 1-factor CFA fit poorly (CFI approximately 0.81; RMSEA approximately 0.15), while the 3-factor CFA showed acceptable fit (CFI approximately 0.96; RMSEA approximately 0.07). Allowing cross-loadings improved fit substantially in the 3-factor ESEM and bifactor-ESEM (CFI approximately 0.999; RMSEA approximately 0.01), supporting a general digital stress factor alongside facet-specific variance. Subscales showed good reliability (ordinal alpha approximately 0.81 - 0.89) and moderate intercorrelations (r approximately 0.28 - 0.47). Scalar invariance across gender and age was supported (DeltaCFI /= 0.50 for 12 of 14 nutrients, and misclassification into opposite tertiles (> 10% of participants) was observed only for SFAs (13%). Bland-Altman analysis confirmed acceptable agreement for energy and macronutrient intakes. At the food group level, the eFFQ yielded significantly higher median intakes for 14 of 28 food groups - most notably plant-based protein-rich foods and cream, fatty sauces & other fats - and lower median intakes for four groups, including vegetables and fish. Ranking agreement was acceptable for most food groups (SCCs = 0.57-0.91) but weaker for water (0.07); vegetable oil (0.42); cream, fatty sauces & other fats (0.33); and mixed dishes & soups (0.47). CONCLUSIONS: The new eFFQ demonstrated good relative agreement with the previous paper-based FFQ, particularly for ranking individuals. These findings provide valuable information for researchers and policy makers comparing results of both FFQs over time and across populations. FAU - Chatelan, Angeline AU - Chatelan A AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Geneva School of Health Sciences, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Rue des Caroubiers 25, Carouge-Geneva, 1227, Switzerland. angeline.chatelan@hesge.ch. FAU - Chevillard, Elsa AU - Chevillard E AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Geneva School of Health Sciences, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Rue des Caroubiers 25, Carouge-Geneva, 1227, Switzerland. FAU - Pannen, Sarah T AU - Pannen ST AD - Division of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. AD - Swiss School of Public Health, Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Hillesheim, Elaine AU - Hillesheim E AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Geneva School of Health Sciences, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Rue des Caroubiers 25, Carouge-Geneva, 1227, Switzerland. FAU - Stringhini, Silvia AU - Stringhini S AD - Division of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland. AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. AD - School of Population and Public Health and Edwin S.H. Leong Centre for Healthy Aging, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. FAU - Nehme, Mayssam AU - Nehme M AD - Division of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland. AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. FAU - Guessous, Idris AU - Guessous I AD - Division of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland. AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. FAU - Rohrmann, Sabine AU - Rohrmann S AD - Division of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. AD - Swiss School of Public Health, Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Steinemann, Nina AU - Steinemann N AD - Division of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Sych, Janice AU - Sych J AD - Institute of Food and Beverage Innovation, ZHAW School of Life Sciences and Facility Management, Wadenswil, Switzerland. FAU - Marques-Vidal, Pedro AU - Marques-Vidal P AD - Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. LA - eng GR - 13-M22/Research and Impulse Funds (FRI)/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260327 PL - England TA - Nutr J JT - Nutrition journal JID - 101152213 RN - 0 (Micronutrients) RN - 0 (Dietary Fats) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Switzerland MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - Adult MH - Male MH - Aged MH - *Internet MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - *Diet Surveys/methods MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Energy Intake MH - *Diet MH - Nutrition Assessment MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Micronutrients/administration & dosage MH - Diet Records MH - Dietary Fats/administration & dosage PMC - PMC13147631 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Diet OT - Dietary assessment OT - Digital health OT - Epidemiology OT - Food frequency questionnaire OT - Internet OT - Validation study COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was conducted according to the guidelines laid down in the Declaration of Helsinki. The study was reviewed by the Ethics Committee of the Canton of Zurich, which determined that formal ethical approval was not required (Req-2022-01268, same request as for the validation study of the eFFQ by Pannen et al.). All participants signed an electronic informed consent detailing the study protocol, objectives and data management procedures. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/03/28 06:39 MHDA- 2026/06/27 18:38 PMCR- 2026/03/27 CRDT- 2026/03/28 01:07 PHST- 2025/11/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 18:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/28 06:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/28 01:07 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12937-026-01309-7 [pii] AID - 1309 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12937-026-01309-7 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutr J. 2026 Mar 27;25(1):59. doi: 10.1186/s12937-026-01309-7. PMID- 41896810 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260627 LR - 20260813 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Mar 27 TI - Interventions that support women, girls, and people who menstruate to participate in physical activity: a rapid overview of reviews. LID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27122-9 [doi] LID - 1472 AB - BACKGROUND: Adults (age 18-64 years) are recommended 150-300 min of moderate-to-vigorous or 75-150 min of vigorous-intensity physical activity per week. Irrespective, the number of women not meeting recommended physical activity is 5% higher than men globally. Women, girls and people who menstruate face multiple barriers to physical activity participation, including gender bias, low perceived exercise competence, and insufficient support from peers and/or family. Moreover, menstruation is often reported as a barrier. Numerous interventions have been proposed to increase women's and girls' physical activity participation, while little is known about interventions for people who menstruate. Therefore, the aim of this rapid overview of reviews was to summarise systematic reviews investigating the effectiveness of interventions that support women, girls, and people who menstruate to participate in physical activity. Additionally, this review examined whether any of these interventions incorporated managing physical activity participation throughout the menstrual cycle. METHODS: Bibliographic databases (MEDLINE, Emcare, and AMED on OVID platform; CINAHL and SPORTDiscus on EBSCO; Epistemonikos, and Cochrane Database) and grey literature were searched in March 2024. Title/abstract screening was conducted by one reviewer and 20% of records checked by a second. Full-text screening was performed by two reviewers. Data extraction and critical appraisal (using JBI systematic review checklist) were conducted by one reviewer with another checking accuracy. Findings were summarised narratively. RESULTS: Fifteen systematic reviews across 16 reports (published between 2008 and 2024) met the inclusion criteria. The population included young and adolescent girls (n = 9), adult women (n = 3), mothers and daughters (n = 2), and mixed population (n = 1). A wide range of interventions were identified which were educational, environmental or multicomponent. None of the included systematic reviews described interventions focusing on managing physical activity participation throughout the menstrual cycle. Most reviews found mixed effectiveness in increasing physical activity participation, leading to inconclusive results. CONCLUSION: While multicomponent interventions may lead to better physical activity outcomes, it is unclear what combined elements are the most effective. There is a need for high quality research to identify interventions that could help girls, women, and people who menstruate to be physically active, and consider barriers related to the menstrual cycle. REVIEW REGISTRATION: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/XTYCW FAU - Csontos, Judit AU - Csontos J AD - Wales Centre For Evidenced Based Care (WCEBC), Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK. CsontosJK@cardiff.ac.uk. AD - School of Healthcare Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK. CsontosJK@cardiff.ac.uk. FAU - Brown, Natalie AU - Brown N AD - Welsh Institute of Performance Science, Swansea University, Swansea, UK. AD - Sport and Exercise Science, Swansea University, Swansea, UK. FAU - Edwards, Adrian AU - Edwards A AD - Division of Population Medicine, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK. AD - Health and Care Research Wales Evidence Centre, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK. FAU - Edwards, Deborah AU - Edwards D AD - Wales Centre For Evidenced Based Care (WCEBC), Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK. AD - School of Healthcare Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK. FAU - Gillen, Elizabeth AU - Gillen E AD - Wales Centre For Evidenced Based Care (WCEBC), Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK. AD - School of Healthcare Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK. FAU - Hounsome, Juliet AU - Hounsome J AD - Specialist Unit for Review Evidence (SURE), Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK. FAU - Kiseleva, Meg AU - Kiseleva M AD - Specialist Unit for Review Evidence (SURE), Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK. FAU - Lewis, Ruth AU - Lewis R AD - Health and Care Research Wales Evidence Centre, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK. AD - North Wales Centre for Primary Care Research, Bangor University, Wrexham, UK. FAU - Macey, Steven AU - Macey S AD - Equality, Poverty and Children's Evidence and Support Division, Welsh Government, Swansea, UK. FAU - Mann, Mala AU - Mann M AD - Specialist Unit for Review Evidence (SURE), Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK. FAU - Sidhu, Amrita AU - Sidhu A AD - Division of Population Medicine, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK. FAU - Cooper, Alison AU - Cooper A AD - Division of Population Medicine, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK. AD - Health and Care Research Wales Evidence Centre, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20260327 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Young Adult MH - *Exercise/psychology MH - *Health Promotion/methods MH - *Menstruation/psychology PMC - PMC13147802 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescents OT - Children OT - Evidence synthesis OT - Exercise OT - Menstrual cycle OT - Menstruation OT - Physical activity OT - Rapid review OT - Sport OT - Women's health COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Not applicable. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/03/28 06:39 MHDA- 2026/06/27 18:36 PMCR- 2026/03/27 CRDT- 2026/03/28 01:00 PHST- 2024/09/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 18:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/28 06:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/28 01:00 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27122-9 [pii] AID - 27122 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-026-27122-9 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2026 Mar 27;26(1):1472. doi: 10.1186/s12889-026-27122-9. PMID- 41896616 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260520 LR - 20260813 IS - 2730-664X (Electronic) IS - 2730-664X (Linking) VI - 6 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Mar 27 TI - Gestational weight gain and adverse perinatal outcomes among individuals with gestational diabetes. LID - 10.1038/s43856-026-01544-3 [doi] LID - 292 AB - BACKGROUND: The relationship between gestational weight gain and perinatal outcomes in women with gestational diabetes remains inadequately studied, and specific weight gain recommendations are lacking for this population. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study by extracting natality data from the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in the United States, including 1,368,789 record (2015-2020) as the main sample and 280,165 (2021) as the validation sample. The composite adverse outcome is defined as a composite of gestational hypertension or preeclampsia, primary cesarean delivery, maternal transfusion, maternal intensive care admission, preterm birth<37 weeks, small or large size for gestational age at birth and neonatal intensive care unit admission. Optimal gestational weight gain ranges were estimated for each pre-pregnancy body mass index category through multivariable logistic regression model to identify the odds ratio targets at which any adverse outcome decreased. Model discrimination was evaluated using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. RESULTS: Adverse outcomes occur in 52.67% of pregnancies, with incidence rising substantially with body mass index (44.28% in normal weight vs 67.08% in class 3 obesity). The optimal gestational weight gain ranges are: underweight (12.0- < 20.0 kg), normal weight (8.0- < 16.0 kg), overweight (weight loss-<14 kg), class 1 obesity (weight loss-<10.0 kg) and obesity classes 2-3 (weight loss <8.0 kg). These ranges demonstrate low to moderate discrimination between affected and unaffected pregnancies (ranges of area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.57-0.68). CONCLUSIONS: Minimal weight gain or weight loss is associated with a decreased risk of adverse perinatal outcomes among women with overweight or obesity complicated by gestational diabetes. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Zhao, Xiao Bo AU - Zhao XB AD - Department of Obstetrics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, P.R. China. FAU - Su, Xiu Juan AU - Su XJ AD - Clinic Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China. FAU - Qi, Xun AU - Qi X AD - Department of hepatology, Shanghai public health clinical center, Shanghai, P.R. China. FAU - Ma, Ying Xuan AU - Ma YX AD - Department of Obstetrics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, P.R. China. FAU - Mol, Ben William AU - Mol BW AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Monash University, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia. AD - Aberdeen Centre for Women's Health Research, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom. FAU - Liu, Xiao Hua AU - Liu XH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2509-9214 AD - Department of Obstetrics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, P.R. China. annaabcd114@hotmail.com. FAU - Ying, Hao AU - Ying H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6098-7017 AD - Department of Obstetrics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, P.R. China. stephenying_2011@163.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260327 PL - England TA - Commun Med (Lond) JT - Communications medicine JID - 9918250414506676 PMC - PMC13187155 OAB - Current pregnancy weight gain guidelines are not specific for women with gestational diabetes, who face high risks during childbirth. This study analyzed U.S. data from over 1.3 million pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes to determine the optimal weight gain ranges based on pre-pregnancy body mass index. We found that for women with obesity and gestational diabetes, lower weight gain or even weight loss is associated with the lowest risk of pregnancy complications. Pre-pregnancy weight was a stronger predictor for the risk of complications than weight gain during pregnancy. These results suggest that more specific weight management guidance for women with obesity might be helpful for improvement in pregnancy outcomes for both mother and baby. OABL- eng COIS- Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/03/28 06:40 MHDA- 2026/03/28 06:41 PMCR- 2026/03/27 CRDT- 2026/03/28 00:35 PHST- 2025/06/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/28 06:41 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/28 06:40 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/28 00:35 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s43856-026-01544-3 [pii] AID - 1544 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s43856-026-01544-3 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Commun Med (Lond). 2026 Mar 27;6(1):292. doi: 10.1038/s43856-026-01544-3. PMID- 41895835 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260713 LR - 20260813 IS - 1440-6047 (Electronic) IS - 0964-7058 (Print) IS - 0964-7058 (Linking) VI - 35 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Apr TI - Diet quality of Japanese preschool children assessed by the Healthy Eating Index-2020: Nutrient and food group intake, as well as weekday-weekend differences. PG - 281-327 LID - 10.6133/apjcn.202604_35(2).0010 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In Japan, there are no official dietary guidelines for young children and nutrients may be insufficient on weekends, compared to weekdays at nursery schools. To ensure adequate nutrition, an appropriate dietary evaluation method is required. This study used the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2020, which is based on the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, to evaluate the diet quality of Japanese children, examine its validity through associations with nutrient and food group intake, and compare dietary characteristics on weekdays and weekends. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN: The participants were 669 children aged 3 to 5 years attending nursery schools across Japan. Relationships of HEI-2020 scores with nutrient and food group intake, and comparisons between weekdays and weekends were evaluated. RESULTS: The median HEI-2020 score was 50/100, with almost maximum scores for Total Protein Foods, Seafood and Plant Pro-teins, and Added Sugars, while Whole Grains and Refined Grains scored zero. Additionally, the largest score differences between weekdays and weekends were found in Dairy and Greens and Beans. Higher HEI-2020 scores correlated with lower saturated fatty acids intake and higher intakes of dietary fiber, vitamins, and minerals. Weekday scores were significantly higher and less varied than weekend scores. CONCLUSIONS: HEI-2020 can identify nutrient intake challenges in Japanese children. Greater consumption of Dairy and Greens and Beans-components that showed large weekday-weekend differences-may improve diet quality. FAU - Akazawa, Hazuki AU - Akazawa H AD - Graduate School of Human Life and Ecology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Osaka, Japan. Email: hazuki.akazawa@nissin.com. AD - NISSIN Global Food Safety Institute, NISSIN FOODS HOLDINGS CO., LTD, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan. AD - National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Settsu, Osaka, Japan. FAU - Sakai, Atsuki AU - Sakai A AD - Graduate School of Human Life and Ecology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Osaka, Japan. FAU - Takahashi, Takako AU - Takahashi T AD - Graduate School of Human Life and Ecology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Osaka, Japan. FAU - Okabe, Tetsuko AU - Okabe T AD - School of Nursing and Nutrition, Tenshi College, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan. FAU - Sasaki, Ruriko AU - Sasaki R AD - Faculty of Human Life Science, Miyagi Gakuin Women's University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. FAU - Ishida, Hiromi AU - Ishida H AD - Faculty of Nutrition, Kagawa Nutrition University, Sakado, Saitama, Japan. FAU - Ogata, Hiromitsu AU - Ogata H AD - Faculty of Nutrition, Kagawa Nutrition University, Sakado, Saitama, Japan. FAU - Hara, Mitsuhiko AU - Hara M AD - Faculty of Human Ecology, Wayo Women's University, Ichikawa, Chiba, Japan. FAU - Yoshioka, Yukiko AU - Yoshioka Y AD - Faculty of Nutritional Science, Sagami Women's University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan. FAU - Nozue, Miho AU - Nozue M AD - Faculty of Health Promotional Sciences, Tokoha University, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan. FAU - Sakamoto, Tatsuaki AU - Sakamoto T AD - Faculty of Environmental and Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Kumamo-to, Japan. FAU - Ito, Sanae AU - Ito S AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Ginowan, Okinawa, Japan. FAU - Murayama, Nobuko AU - Murayama N AD - Faculty of Human Life Studies, University of Niigata Prefecture, Niigata, Niigata, Japan. FAU - Yoshita, Katsushi AU - Yoshita K AD - Graduate School of Human Life and Ecology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Osaka, Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - China TA - Asia Pac J Clin Nutr JT - Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition JID - 9440304 RN - Japanese people SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Japan MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Diet, Healthy/statistics & numerical data MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Nutrients MH - *Diet/statistics & numerical data MH - Nutrition Policy MH - Nutrition Assessment MH - Nutritive Value MH - *Diet Surveys MH - Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena MH - East Asian People PMC - PMC13012830 OTO - NOTNLM OT - child nutrition OT - diet quality OT - dietary evaluation OT - nutrient profiling system OT - weekdays vs weekends COIS- HA declares that she is employed by NISSIN FOODS HOLDINGS CO., LTD. and has no competing interests. The other authors declare that they have no competing interests EDAT- 2026/03/28 00:42 MHDA- 2026/03/28 00:43 PMCR- 2026/03/17 CRDT- 2026/03/27 21:32 PHST- 2026/03/28 00:43 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/28 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/27 21:32 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.6133/apjcn.202604_35(2).0010 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2026 Apr;35(2):281-327. doi: 10.6133/apjcn.202604_35(2).0010. PMID- 41895828 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260713 LR - 20260813 IS - 1440-6047 (Electronic) IS - 0964-7058 (Print) IS - 0964-7058 (Linking) VI - 35 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Apr TI - Association between the frequency of combined staple, main, and side dishes and nutritional adequacy among young Japanese women: A cross-sectional study. PG - 197-206 LID - 10.6133/apjcn.202604_35(2).0003 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Traditional Japanese diet comprises staple food, main dish, and side dish (SMS). Studies reporting the association between the frequency of SMS meals consumption and nutritional adequacy remain limited. We aimed to examine the association between the frequency of SMS meals consumption and nutritional adequacy in young Japanese women. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN: In this cross-sectional study, data from 329 female nutrition students aged 18-25 years were analysed. The frequency of SMS meals consumption more than twice a day was assessed using a self-administered questionnaire, and dietary intake was evaluated using a validated food frequency questionnaire. We examined the association between SMS meals consumption and likelihood of not meeting the Dietary Goal (DG) or the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) as defined in the Japanese Dietary Reference Intakes for Japanese. Trend analyses were performed to evaluate the relationship between SMS meal frequency and the number of nutrients not meeting the DG or EAR, while adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS: Participants with high frequency of SMS meals consumption (5-7 days/week) had the lowest number of nutrients not meeting the EAR and DG, with significant linear trends observed across categories (p for trend <0.001 for DG; 0.001 for EAR). CONCLUSIONS: Frequency of SMS meals consumption is positively associated with improved nutrient intake among young Japanese women. However, given that the participants were dietetic students with relatively high nutrition literacy, caution is needed when generalising these findings to the wider population of young Japanese women. FAU - Yaegashi, Akinori AU - Yaegashi A AD - Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Gunma, Japan. Email: yaegashi-a@takasaki-u.ac.jp. AD - Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan. FAU - Ota, Ai AU - Ota A AD - Freelance Researcher, Saitama, Japan. FAU - Shirahata, Aki AU - Shirahata A AD - Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Science, Hokkaido Bunkyo University, Eniwa, Japan. FAU - Takada, Hiyori AU - Takada H AD - Department of Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, Sapporo University of Health Sciences, Hokkaido, Japan. FAU - Nakamura, Miki AU - Nakamura M AD - Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Science, Hokkaido Bunkyo University, Eniwa, Japan. AD - Department of Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, Sapporo University of Health Sciences, Hokkaido, Japan. FAU - Katou, Hizuru AU - Katou H AD - Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Science, Hokkaido Bunkyo University, Eniwa, Japan. FAU - Kozuka, Miyuki AU - Kozuka M AD - Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Science, Hokkaido Bunkyo University, Eniwa, Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - China TA - Asia Pac J Clin Nutr JT - Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition JID - 9440304 RN - Japanese people SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Japan MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - *Diet MH - *Nutritional Status MH - *Meals MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Nutritional Requirements MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - East Asian People PMC - PMC13012828 OTO - NOTNLM OT - nutritional epidemiology OT - young woman OT - Japanese OT - nutritional adequacy OT - staple food COIS- No conflicts of interest are to be declared EDAT- 2026/03/28 00:42 MHDA- 2026/03/28 00:43 PMCR- 2026/03/17 CRDT- 2026/03/27 21:32 PHST- 2026/03/28 00:43 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/28 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/27 21:32 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.6133/apjcn.202604_35(2).0003 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2026 Apr;35(2):197-206. doi: 10.6133/apjcn.202604_35(2).0003. PMID- 41895696 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260615 LR - 20260813 IS - 2156-5376 (Electronic) IS - 2161-8313 (Print) IS - 2161-8313 (Linking) VI - 17 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Healthy Diet Metrics for Children and Adolescents and Their Suitability for Global Monitoring: A Critical Review. PG - 100622 LID - S2161-8313(26)00036-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.advnut.2026.100622 [doi] LID - 100622 AB - Healthy diets during childhood and adolescence are paramount for growth, development, and long-term health. However, there is a lack of low-burden standardized metrics to assess and monitor healthy diets among children and adolescents aged 2-19 y on a global scale. This critical review aimed to identify and evaluate existing metrics for assessing healthy diets in this age group and to determine their suitability for global monitoring based on feasibility and adaptability across different contexts. A systematic search was conducted across 3 global databases, encompassing both peer-reviewed and grey literature. A total of 127 distinct healthy diet metrics were identified, many of which were developed or adapted based on national dietary guidelines across various geographical contexts. Only 5 were deemed suitable for global monitoring due to their feasibility and adaptability: the Individual Dietary Diversity Score, 7 food group Minimum Dietary Diversity, 10 food group Minimum Dietary Diversity, Healthy Plate Variety Score, and Adapted ultraprocessed food Nova Score. Among these metrics, diversity was the most commonly measured subconstruct of a healthy diet, whereas only the Adapted Nova Score aimed to capture moderation. These 5 metrics were further evaluated for construct validity, reliability, and cross-context equivalence, which revealed large evidence gaps, particularly regarding sensitivity to change and test-retest reliability. These findings highlight the need for additional research to validate healthy diet metrics globally to ensure their accuracy, sensitivity, and reliability to differentiate populations and changes over time. Developing robust, low-burden metrics is essential for informing effective, timely nutrition policies and interventions aimed at improving the diets of children and adolescents worldwide. CI - Copyright (c) 2026. Published by Elsevier Inc. FAU - Pries, Alissa M AU - Pries AM AD - Independent consultant, London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: hello@alissapries.com. FAU - Craig, Hope AU - Craig H AD - Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States. FAU - Mehra, Vrinda AU - Mehra V AD - Data & Analytics Section, Division of Data, Analytics, Planning and Monitoring, United Nations Children's Fund, New York, NY, United States. FAU - Frongillo, Edward A AU - Frongillo EA AD - Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States. FAU - Hanley-Cook, Giles T AU - Hanley-Cook GT AD - Food and Nutrition Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy. FAU - Hayashi, Chika AU - Hayashi C AD - Data & Analytics Section, Division of Data, Analytics, Planning and Monitoring, United Nations Children's Fund, New York, NY, United States. FAU - Saha, Kuntal AU - Saha K AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, World Health Organisation, Geneva, Switzerland. FAU - Sattamini, Isabela Fleury AU - Sattamini IF AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, World Health Organisation, Geneva, Switzerland. FAU - Schwendler, Teresa R AU - Schwendler TR AD - Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States. FAU - Coates, Jennifer C AU - Coates JC AD - Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States. CN - Healthy Diets Monitoring Initiative LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260325 PL - United States TA - Adv Nutr JT - Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) JID - 101540874 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - *Diet, Healthy/standards MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Nutrition Policy MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Evidence Gaps MH - Global Health PMC - PMC13223966 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - children OT - diets OT - global monitoring OT - metrics COIS- Conflict of interest The authors report no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/03/28 00:42 MHDA- 2026/06/16 00:33 PMCR- 2026/03/25 CRDT- 2026/03/27 20:19 PHST- 2025/04/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/16 00:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/28 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/27 20:19 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2161-8313(26)00036-0 [pii] AID - 100622 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.advnut.2026.100622 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Adv Nutr. 2026 Jun;17(6):100622. doi: 10.1016/j.advnut.2026.100622. Epub 2026 Mar 25. PMID- 41895013 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260713 LR - 20260713 IS - 1872-8464 (Electronic) IS - 0165-5876 (Linking) VI - 204 DP - 2026 May TI - Preoperative immunonutritional and inflammatory indices as predictors of secondary post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage in children. PG - 112803 LID - S0165-5876(26)00098-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ijporl.2026.112803 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Secondary post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage (PTH) remains a clinically significant complication in pediatric patients, and reliable preoperative predictors are limited. This study aimed to investigate the association between inflammatory and immunonutritional indices and secondary PTH, with particular emphasis on prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and hemoglobin-albumin-lymphocyte-platelet (HALP) score. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 2250 pediatric patients who underwent tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy. Ninety patients who developed secondary PTH were compared with 2160 patients without hemorrhage. Preoperative inflammatory and immunonutritional indices, including PNI, HALP, systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), were analyzed. In patients with secondary PTH, dynamic changes between the day of surgery (T0) and the day of bleeding (T1) were evaluated. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were performed to assess predictive performance. RESULTS: Patients with secondary PTH demonstrated significantly lower preoperative PNI and HALP values, along with higher SII, NLR, and PLR levels compared with patients without hemorrhage (all p < 0.001). In the PTH group, PNI and HALP declined significantly on the bleeding day, whereas inflammatory indices increased (p < 0.001). ROC analysis showed that PNI (AUC = 0.704) and HALP (AUC = 0.666) provided meaningful discrimination for secondary PTH, comparable to traditional inflammatory markers. CONCLUSION: Both preoperative and dynamic peri-hemorrhagic changes in immunonutritional indices are closely associated with secondary post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage. PNI and HALP may serve as practical adjunctive tools for risk stratification, supporting a multidimensional inflammatory-nutritional assessment in pediatric tonsillectomy patients. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Egilmez, Oguz Kadir AU - Egilmez OK AD - Sakarya University Training and Research Hospital, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Sakarya, Turkey. Electronic address: oguzegilmez@gmail.com. FAU - Elden, Halil AU - Elden H AD - Sakarya University Training and Research Hospital, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Sakarya, Turkey. FAU - Kandemir, Aykan AU - Kandemir A AD - Sakarya University Training and Research Hospital, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Sakarya, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260324 PL - Ireland TA - Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol JT - International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology JID - 8003603 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Tonsillectomy/adverse effects MH - Female MH - Male MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Postoperative Hemorrhage/etiology/epidemiology MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Inflammation MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - Prognosis MH - ROC Curve MH - Preoperative Care/methods MH - Nutrition Assessment MH - Cohort Studies MH - Nutritional Status MH - Biomarkers/blood OTO - NOTNLM OT - HALP score OT - Pediatric tonsillectomy OT - Post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage OT - Prognostic nutritional index OT - Systemic immune-inflammation index COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/03/28 00:42 MHDA- 2026/04/24 00:32 CRDT- 2026/03/27 19:07 PHST- 2026/01/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/24 00:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/28 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/27 19:07 [entrez] AID - S0165-5876(26)00098-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ijporl.2026.112803 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2026 May;204:112803. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2026.112803. Epub 2026 Mar 24. PMID- 41894591 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260610 LR - 20260909 IS - 1097-4679 (Electronic) IS - 0021-9762 (Print) IS - 0021-9762 (Linking) VI - 82 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Relative Contributions of Gastrointestinal-Specific Hypervigilance and Anxiety in Explaining Eating Disorder Symptoms. PG - 1078-1085 LID - 10.1002/jclp.70134 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Gastrointestinal (GI) disturbances and eating disorder symptoms commonly co-occur. Hypervigilance and anxiety about GI symptoms may motivate eating disorder behaviors to manage and/or avoid GI symptoms. We hypothesized that GI-specific anxiety would be more strongly associated with dietary restriction and purging than GI-specific hypervigilance. Further, we hypothesized that distinguishing between GI-specific anxiety and hypervigilance would have incremental validity over using an existing measure of GI-anxiety and related constructs initially developed for patients with irritable bowel syndrome, the Visceral Sensitivity Index. METHODS: Three hundred and eighty-two undergraduate students with elevated eating pathology (83.5% female, 87.4% White) completed questionnaires assessing GI-specific hypervigilance and anxiety, the Visceral Sensitivity Index, and eating disorder symptoms. Participants were recruited with elevated shape/weight-oriented eating pathology (N = 309) and elevated avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder-related eating pathology (N = 73). Analyses were pre-registered. RESULTS: Regarding dietary restriction, the relative weight of GI-specific anxiety did not differ from that of GI-specific hypervigilance. Further, neither variable provided incremental validity over the Visceral Sensitivity Index in understanding restriction. Regarding purging, GI-specific anxiety was not more strongly associated with purging than GI-specific hypervigilance. However, GI-specific anxiety, but not GI-specific hypervigilance, demonstrated incremental validity over the Visceral Sensitivity Index in explaining purging. CONCLUSION: Distinguishing between GI-specific hypervigilance and anxiety adds incremental validity in understanding purging but not restriction. Future research should examine whether addressing anxious cognitions about GI symptoms improves purging outcomes. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Journal of Clinical Psychology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Pucci, Gabriella AU - Pucci G AD - Department of Psychology, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA. FAU - Hill, Naomi G AU - Hill NG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6955-1746 AD - Department of Psychology, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA. FAU - Schneider, Zoe AU - Schneider Z AD - Department of Psychology, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA. AD - Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Brown, Tiffany A AU - Brown TA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7349-7228 AD - Department of Psychological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA. FAU - Burton-Murray, Helen AU - Burton-Murray H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2059-3256 AD - Division of Gastroenterology, Center for Neurointestinal Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. AD - Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Guadagnoli, Livia AU - Guadagnoli L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2925-3955 AD - Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA. FAU - Forney, K Jean AU - Forney KJ AD - Department of Psychology, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA. LA - eng GR - K23 DK131334/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - K23 DK131334/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. DEP - 20260327 PL - United States TA - J Clin Psychol JT - Journal of clinical psychology JID - 0217132 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Anxiety/physiopathology MH - *Feeding and Eating Disorders/physiopathology/psychology MH - Male MH - *Gastrointestinal Diseases/physiopathology/psychology MH - Young Adult MH - Adult MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13104586 MID - NIHMS2165072 OTO - NOTNLM OT - anxiety OT - feeding and eating disorders OT - gastrointestinal symptoms OT - hypervigilance OT - purging OT - restriction COIS- H.B.-M. receives royalties from Oxford University Press for her book Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Rumination Syndrome and from Cambridge University Press for her forthcoming book on functional bowel disorders. The other authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/03/27 18:52 MHDA- 2026/06/10 06:52 PMCR- 2026/06/06 CRDT- 2026/03/27 14:53 PHST- 2026/02/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/08/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/10 06:52 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/27 18:52 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/27 14:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JCLP70134 [pii] AID - 10.1002/jclp.70134 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Clin Psychol. 2026 Jul;82(7):1078-1085. doi: 10.1002/jclp.70134. Epub 2026 Mar 27. PMID- 41894565 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260327 LR - 20260925 IS - 1929-073X (Print) IS - 1929-073X (Electronic) IS - 1929-073X (Linking) VI - 15 DP - 2026 Mar 27 TI - The Lifetime Dance Exposure Questionnaire for Professional Training: Survey Development and Reliability Study. PG - e75632 LID - 10.2196/75632 [doi] LID - e75632 AB - BACKGROUND: Dance is a complex mode of physical activity (PA) behavior and an art form, and one's participation in dance may occur across discrete contexts throughout the lifespan. To further advance the study of lifetime participation in dance behavior, reliable questionnaires are needed. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to develop and test the reliability of a self-report, online questionnaire for surveilling lifetime participation in professionally led dance classes among adults. METHODS: Community-dwelling adults (N=373) completed the Lifetime Dance Exposure Questionnaire for Professional Training (LDEQ-T) at baseline (T1), and 150 adults repeated the LDEQ-T after an 8-week delay (T2). Test-retest reliability for self-reported dance training frequency, duration, and PA intensity was analyzed for the LDEQ-T between T1 and T2. Reliability for the LDEQ-T item on total years of professional dance training was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs; 2-way, random effects); linearly weighted kappa (𝜿w) was used for ordinal variables on dance class duration, intensity, and frequency; an unweighted kappa (𝜿) statistic was used to test the reliability of 3 dance training exposure groups (no or low, homogenous, or variable lifetime exposure to professional dance training). The significance level was set a priori with alpha=.05. RESULTS: Adults reported having no or low (n=92), homogenous (n=196), or variable (n=85) lifetime exposures to professional dance classes at T1. Among adults who self-reported homogenous exposures to dance training throughout the lifespan, years of dance training were found to be reliable across all age periods (ICC range 0.83-0.94); as were weeks/month, months/year, and hours/week of dance training (𝜿w range 0.35-0.61); but not any measure of PA intensity. Among adults who self-reported variable exposures to dance training, years of dance training across all age periods (ICC=0.70-0.96); classes/week, weeks/month, months/year, and hours/week (𝜿w range 0.32-0.56); and some estimates of PA intensity (𝜿w range 0.30-0.41) were found to be sufficiently reliable. CONCLUSIONS: The LDEQ-T appears to be a reliable instrument for quantifying lifetime participation in professional dance training among adults with self-reported low, homogenous, or variable exposures to professional dance classes throughout the lifespan. Among adults, researchers may surveil lifetime exposure to dance training in early childhood, childhood, adolescence, young adulthood, and middle or older adulthood using the LDEQ-T. CI - (c) Aston K McCullough, Kai Yi (Kaye) Han. Originally published in the Interactive Journal of Medical Research (https://www.i-jmr.org/). FAU - McCullough, Aston K AU - McCullough AK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2021-5554 AD - Laboratory for the Scientific Study of Dance, Institute for Cognitive and Brain Health, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave, 129 ISEC, Boston, MA, 02115, United States, 1 6173738893. AD - Department of Physical Therapy, Movement and Rehabilitation Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States. AD - Department of Music, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States. FAU - Han, Kai Yi Kaye AU - Han KYK AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-9277-5811 AD - Laboratory for the Scientific Study of Dance, Institute for Cognitive and Brain Health, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave, 129 ISEC, Boston, MA, 02115, United States, 1 6173738893. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260327 PL - Canada TA - Interact J Med Res JT - Interactive journal of medical research JID - 101598421 PMC - PMC13026436 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adult OT - physical activity OT - self-report OT - survey OT - test-retest reliability COIS- Conflicts of Interest: None declared. EDAT- 2026/03/27 18:51 MHDA- 2026/03/27 18:52 PMCR- 2026/03/27 CRDT- 2026/03/27 14:22 PHST- 2025/04/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/12/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/12/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/27 18:52 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/27 18:51 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/27 14:22 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v15i1e75632 [pii] AID - 75632 [pii] AID - 10.2196/75632 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Interact J Med Res. 2026 Mar 27;15:e75632. doi: 10.2196/75632. PMID- 41894442 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260327 LR - 20260813 IS - 2767-3375 (Electronic) IS - 2767-3375 (Linking) VI - 6 IP - 3 DP - 2026 TI - Improving case-detection of wasting among under-five-year-old children in Ethiopia: A secondary analysis of community-based surveys in humanitarian settings. PG - e0005952 LID - 10.1371/journal.pgph.0005952 [doi] LID - e0005952 AB - WHO recommends weight-for-height Z-score (WHZ) <-3 or Mid-Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) < 125 mm as criteria for diagnosing wasting in children aged 6-59 months. In humanitarian settings, MUAC provides a simpler alternative than WHZ measurements, requiring only a tape measure. However, using MUAC alone may miss many at-risk children, causing discrepancies in wasting estimates. We analyzed 31 Standardized Monitoring and Assessment of Relief and Transitions (SMART) surveys from 2022-2025 across eight Ethiopian regions. The sample included 23,419 children aged 6-59 months with complete data. MUAC's diagnostic performance for GAM was evaluated using WHZ as reference, applying standard parameters including sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, Youden index, and ROC curve analyses. We assessed MUAC cut-offs' accuracy nationally by age group (6-23 and 24-59 months) and administrative region. The optimal diagnostic MUAC cutoff for WHZ <-2 was 139 mm, with a Youden Index of 43%. This cutoff varied by age: 128 mm for children under 24 months (Youden Index: 54.5%) and 140 mm for children 24 months and older (Youden Index: 42.5%). MUAC diagnostic performance varied across regions, with optimal thresholds from 126.5 mm in Tigray to 143.5 mm in Gambella. Global acute malnutrition (GAM) prevalence differs based on the indicator used (MUAC versus WHZ-based), with MUAC sometimes overestimating or underestimating GAM compared to WHZ. Increasing the MUAC cutoff from 125 mm to 139 mm improves case detection but substantially increases false positives, showing a sensitivity-specificity trade-off. A single universal MUAC cutoff may under- and overestimate global acute malnutrition. Increasing the cutoff to 139 mm improves detection but raises false positives, highlighting the trade-off between sensitivity and specificity and emphasizing the need for context-specific thresholds to optimize screening. However, implementing context-specific thresholds remains uncertain. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Farah et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Farah, Alinoor Mohamed AU - Farah AM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8557-7084 AD - School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. AD - Department of Public Health Nutrition, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Jigjiga University, Jigjiga, Ethiopia. FAU - Hassen, Hamid Yimam AU - Hassen HY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6485-4193 AD - Department of Primary & Integrated Care, Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium. AD - Environmental Intelligence Unit, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium. FAU - Biadgilign, Sibhatu AU - Biadgilign S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7582-5977 AD - School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Kebede, Aweke AU - Kebede A AD - World Food Programme (WFP), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Desalegn, Yakob AU - Desalegn Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6813-4118 AD - School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Yilma, Beza AU - Yilma B AD - School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Awoke, Tesfamichael AU - Awoke T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4517-8542 AD - School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Gebremedhin, Samson AU - Gebremedhin S AD - School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Barsenga, Kemeria AU - Barsenga K AD - World Food Programme (WFP), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Ndumiyana, Tafara AU - Ndumiyana T AD - World Food Programme (WFP), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Ackatia-Armah, Robert AU - Ackatia-Armah R AD - World Food Programme (WFP), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Tufa, Helina AU - Tufa H AD - Federal Disaster Risk Management Commission, Ethiopia and Emergency Nutrition Coordination Unit, Addis Ababa. FAU - Bekele, Firaol AU - Bekele F AD - Federal Disaster Risk Management Commission, Ethiopia and Emergency Nutrition Coordination Unit, Addis Ababa. FAU - Wondim, Hailu AU - Wondim H AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-1531-2981 AD - Action Against Hunger Canada, Global SMART Initiative, Toronto. FAU - Abebe, Eskeziaw AU - Abebe E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0580-5708 AD - School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Gebreyesus, Seifu Hagos AU - Gebreyesus SH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7834-4696 AD - School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260327 PL - United States TA - PLOS Glob Public Health JT - PLOS global public health JID - 9918283779606676 PMC - PMC13029798 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/03/27 18:52 MHDA- 2026/03/27 18:53 PMCR- 2026/03/27 CRDT- 2026/03/27 13:53 PHST- 2025/09/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/01/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/27 18:53 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/27 18:52 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/27 13:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PGPH-D-25-02912 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pgph.0005952 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLOS Glob Public Health. 2026 Mar 27;6(3):e0005952. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0005952. eCollection 2026. PMID- 41894120 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260713 LR - 20260813 IS - 1590-1262 (Electronic) IS - 1124-4909 (Print) IS - 1124-4909 (Linking) VI - 31 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Mar 27 TI - Cognitive remediation therapy (CRT-O) for young Indian adults living with overweight or obesity: a qualitative study of participant experience. LID - 10.1007/s40519-026-01845-5 [doi] LID - 43 AB - BACKGROUND: The prevalence of obesity in India has reached epidemic levels with 40.3% living with overweight or obesity. Problematic eating behaviours have been implicated in the development and maintenance of overweight and obesity. Conventional cognitive-behavioural intervention for eating disorders has not shown favourable long-term outcomes in weight management. Recent research has indicated early evidence for using cognitive remediation therapy (CRT-O) for eating disorders including disordered eating behaviours in those living with overweight and obesity. We conducted a feasibility study through a randomized controlled trial (RCT) with 70 young Indian adults with obesity or overweight. We also obtained participant feedback post-intervention, to identify putative contributing factors to the study outcomes. METHODOLOGY: Fifteen young adult participants completed 28 sessions of CRT-O intervention program for their weight management. On trial completion, participants were randomly selected to provide their feedback and experience of their participation. A semi-structured qualitative interview was conducted. Transcripts were semantically coded and thematic analysis was done. RESULTS: Thematic analysis yielded six themes: 1. gaining new insights into their eating habits; 2. self-reported changes in eating behaviours; 3. self-reported behavioural changes; 4. perceived physical benefits; 5. perceived psychological benefits; 6. perceptions about the CRT-program. The sub-themes that emerged indicated general acceptance of the CRT-O intervention and its potential translation in real life. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed improved metacognitive awareness on participants' eating behaviours. Additionally, the findings indicated that participants developed an improved ability to resist several highly palatable but unhealthy foods. Participants also reported experiencing more self-control in their food grazing habits and reported that this led to a better ability to manage their weight. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Susilkumar, Vandhana AU - Susilkumar V AD - Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. FAU - Sukumaran, Bhasi AU - Sukumaran B AD - SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu Dt., Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India. FAU - Kumar, Radha AU - Kumar R AD - Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. FAU - Raman, Jayanthi AU - Raman J AD - School of Psychological Sciences, University of Newcastle, University Drive Callaghan, Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia. Jay.Raman@newcastle.edu.au. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20260327 PL - Germany TA - Eat Weight Disord JT - Eating and weight disorders : EWD JID - 9707113 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Overweight/therapy/psychology MH - *Obesity/therapy/psychology MH - *Cognitive Remediation/methods MH - Young Adult MH - Male MH - Adult MH - India MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - Qualitative Research MH - Treatment Outcome MH - Feasibility Studies MH - Adolescent MH - Cognitive Behavioral Therapy PMC - PMC13149649 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cognitive remediation therapy (CRT-O) OT - Disordered eating OT - Obesity OT - Qualitative analysis COIS- Declarations: The authors received no financial support for this study and declare no conflicts of interest. All authors contributed to the study's conception and design. The material preparation, data collection, and analysis were done by Vandhana Susilkumar who also drafted the manuscript. All authors reviewed and approved the final version. The study adheres to the Declaration of Helsinki, with ethical approval from the Saveetha Medical College & Hospital Institutional Ethics Committee (Ref No: 010/06/2021/IEC/SMCH). Data from the study are available upon request, and informed consent was obtained from all participants. Ethics approval: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Saveetha Medical College & Hospital Institutional Ethics Committee (SMCH-IEC) Ref No: 010/06/2021/IEC/SMCH. Consent to participate: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. Competing interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare EDAT- 2026/03/27 18:52 MHDA- 2026/05/07 00:33 PMCR- 2026/03/27 CRDT- 2026/03/27 12:17 PHST- 2025/03/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/07 00:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/27 18:52 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/27 12:17 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s40519-026-01845-5 [pii] AID - 1845 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s40519-026-01845-5 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Eat Weight Disord. 2026 Mar 27;31(1):43. doi: 10.1007/s40519-026-01845-5. PMID- 41894105 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260813 IS - 1590-1262 (Electronic) IS - 1124-4909 (Print) IS - 1124-4909 (Linking) VI - 31 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Mar 27 TI - Dietary intake of women with and without eating disorder history from pregnancy to 3 years postpartum: a longitudinal analysis. LID - 10.1007/s40519-026-01841-9 [doi] LID - 26 AB - BACKGROUND: Pregnancy and the postpartum period are vulnerable phases, particularly for women with eating disorder (ED) history. While prior nutritional research has mainly focused on pregnancy, little is known about long-term dietary patterns in this population. This study examined dietary intake in women with and without ED history from pregnancy to 3 years postpartum. METHODS: A validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) assessed dietary intake in women with ED history (ED group, T1: active ED: n = 12, past ED: n = 12) and healthy controls (HC group, T1: n = 33). Dietary patterns, food groups, as well as macro- und micronutrient intakes were analysed during pregnancy (T1), 1 year postpartum (T2), and 3 years postpartum (T3). RESULTS: Omnivorous diets predominated (T1: 75.4%, T2: 73.2% T3: 74.4%), with no significant differences between groups or over time. However, women with ED history consumed fewer animal-based, energy-dense, sugar- and fat-rich foods. Nutrient intake during pregnancy was comparable between groups. Postpartum, the ED group showed lower fat intake (p = 0.027, T2) higher fiber intake (p = 0.037, T3) and lower vitamin B12 intake (p = 0.031, T3). CONCLUSION: Nutrient supply during pregnancy was comparable between groups, which is encouraging. Differences in food group consumption may reflect a greater health consciousness or residual restrictive behaviors in women with ED history. Given the known increase in ED symptoms after childbirth, these findings emphasize the need to further examine this nutritionally and psychosocially vulnerable period. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level 3. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Schmidt, Louise Auguste AU - Schmidt LA AD - Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tuebingen, Osianderstrasse 5, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany. Louise.schmidt@med.uni-tuebingen.de. AD - Center of Excellence for Eating Disorders (KOMET), University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany. Louise.schmidt@med.uni-tuebingen.de. FAU - Throm, Jana Katharina AU - Throm JK AD - Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tuebingen, Osianderstrasse 5, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany. AD - Center of Excellence for Eating Disorders (KOMET), University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany. FAU - Dorsam, Annica Franziska AU - Dorsam AF AD - Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tuebingen, Osianderstrasse 5, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany. AD - Center of Excellence for Eating Disorders (KOMET), University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany. FAU - Giel, Katrin Elisabeth AU - Giel KE AD - Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tuebingen, Osianderstrasse 5, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany. AD - Center of Excellence for Eating Disorders (KOMET), University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany. LA - eng GR - Project No. F1292064/Medical Faculty of the University of Tuebingen, within the framework of the fortune programme/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260327 PL - Germany TA - Eat Weight Disord JT - Eating and weight disorders : EWD JID - 9707113 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *Postpartum Period MH - Adult MH - *Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - *Diet MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - Energy Intake/physiology MH - *Eating/psychology/physiology MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC13065583 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Eating behaviour OT - Eating disorders OT - Nutrition OT - Postpartum OT - Pregnancy COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/03/27 18:52 MHDA- 2026/04/09 12:46 PMCR- 2026/03/27 CRDT- 2026/03/27 12:17 PHST- 2025/12/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/09 12:46 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/27 18:52 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/27 12:17 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s40519-026-01841-9 [pii] AID - 1841 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s40519-026-01841-9 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Eat Weight Disord. 2026 Mar 27;31(1):26. doi: 10.1007/s40519-026-01841-9. PMID- 41892828 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260813 IS - 2076-3271 (Electronic) IS - 2076-3271 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Feb 26 TI - Purpose in Life and Estimated Type 2 Diabetes Risk: Cross-Sectional Associations Across Three Validated Risk Scores in 93,077 Spanish Working Adults. LID - 10.3390/medsci14010113 [doi] LID - 113 AB - Background: Psychosocial well-being has been increasingly recognized as a relevant factor in cardiometabolic health; however, evidence linking Purpose in Life with type 2 diabetes risk across validated prediction tools remains limited. This study examined the association between Purpose in Life and estimated diabetes risk using three established risk scores. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was performed in 93,077 Spanish working adults aged 18-69 years participating in routine occupational health assessments. Purpose in Life was measured with the 10-item Purpose in Life scale and categorized into high, moderate, and low levels. Estimated type 2 diabetes risk was evaluated using QDScore, FINDRISC, and CANRISK. Multivariable logistic regression models were applied to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for age, sex, occupational social class, smoking status, dietary pattern, physical activity, and body mass index. Results: Lower levels of Purpose in Life were consistently associated with greater likelihood of high estimated diabetes risk across all three instruments. Compared with participants reporting high Purpose in Life, those with low Purpose in Life showed increased odds of high-risk classification for QDScore (OR 2.38; 95% CI 2.19-2.57), FINDRISC (OR 2.49; 95% CI 2.08-2.89), and CANRISK (OR 2.79; 95% CI 2.50-3.09). Clear dose-response patterns were observed across Purpose in Life categories, and associations were similar in men and women as well as across lifestyle strata. Conclusions: Reduced Purpose in Life is strongly associated with higher estimated type 2 diabetes risk across multiple validated screening tools. Although causal direction cannot be inferred from this cross-sectional design, these findings suggest that psychosocial dimensions may provide complementary information for cardiometabolic risk assessment and prevention strategies. FAU - Garcia Pertegaz, Pilar AU - Garcia Pertegaz P AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-9309-0480 AD - Quiron Salud Palma Planas Hospital, 07014 Palma, Spain. FAU - Tarraga Lopez, Pedro Juan AU - Tarraga Lopez PJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5222-5784 AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla La Mancha (UCLM), 02008 Albacete, Spain. FAU - Coll Campayo, Irene AU - Coll Campayo I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5423-9290 AD - ADEMA-University School, University of the Balearic Islands,07009 Palma, Spain. FAU - Busquets-Cortes, Carla AU - Busquets-Cortes C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9367-2137 AD - ADEMA-University School, University of the Balearic Islands,07009 Palma, Spain. FAU - Lopez-Gonzalez, Angel Arturo AU - Lopez-Gonzalez AA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7439-8117 AD - ADEMA-University School, University of the Balearic Islands,07009 Palma, Spain. FAU - Ramirez-Manent, Jose Ignacio AU - Ramirez-Manent JI AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6887-4562 AD - ADEMA-University School, University of the Balearic Islands,07009 Palma, Spain. AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of the Balearic Islands, 07120 Palma, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260226 PL - Switzerland TA - Med Sci (Basel) JT - Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101629322 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology/psychology MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - Male MH - Adult MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Spain/epidemiology MH - Aged MH - Risk Factors MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - Risk Assessment PMC - PMC13028122 OTO - NOTNLM OT - cardiometabolic health OT - diabetes risk scores OT - occupational population OT - psychosocial factors OT - purpose in life OT - type 2 diabetes risk COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/03/27 17:37 MHDA- 2026/03/27 17:38 PMCR- 2026/02/26 CRDT- 2026/03/27 11:22 PHST- 2026/01/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/27 17:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/27 17:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/27 11:22 [entrez] PHST- 2026/02/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - medsci14010113 [pii] AID - medsci-14-00113 [pii] AID - 10.3390/medsci14010113 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Med Sci (Basel). 2026 Feb 26;14(1):113. doi: 10.3390/medsci14010113. PMID- 41892778 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260327 LR - 20260813 IS - 2304-6767 (Electronic) IS - 2304-6767 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Mar 16 TI - Predicting Dental Anxiety and Cooperative Behavior in Children Using Machine Learning: A Cross-Sectional Predictive Modeling Study. LID - 10.3390/dj14030170 [doi] LID - 170 AB - Background/Objectives: Dental anxiety and uncooperative behavior present significant challenges in pediatric dentistry and may adversely affect treatment outcomes and oral health. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the predictive performance of machine learning models in classifying dental anxiety measured using the Abeer Children Dental Anxiety Scale (ACDAS), predicting uncooperative behavior, estimating continuous dental anxiety scores, and identifying key predictors among children aged 6-11 years attending pediatric dental clinics in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Methods: This is an analytical cross-sectional study conducted among 952 children to evaluate whether machine learning models could predict dental anxiety and cooperative behavior based on demographic, clinical, and behavioral variables. Twenty variables captured demographic, medical, and dental history, BMI, and anxiety/behavioral measures. Data preprocessing included removing sparse variables, imputing missing values, and encoding categorical and ordinal variables appropriately. Logistic Regression models were trained to classify dental anxiety and cooperative behavior. A Random Forest Regressor was used to predict continuous anxiety scores, and a Random Forest Classifier was used for feature importance analysis. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and K-Means clustering were applied to explore behavioral subgroups. Results: This dataset shows the Logistic Regression model with 0.92 accuracy (ROC AUC 0.98) for predicting dental anxiety and 0.91 accuracy (ROC AUC 0.95) for cooperative behavior. The Random Forest Regressor predicted anxiety scores with R(2) = 0.97. Feature importance revealed that sensory and cognitive responses were key predictors of anxiety and cooperation. Unsupervised clustering identified two behavioral profiles: one with lower and another with higher anxiety and cooperation. Conclusions: ML models demonstrated strong prediction of dental anxiety and cooperation in this pediatric sample. While promising for early detection and personalized management of anxious or uncooperative children, further validation is essential before clinical use. FAU - Helal, Narmin M AU - Helal NM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3194-7358 AD - Pediatric Dentistry Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Sabbagh, Heba AU - Sabbagh H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9788-0379 AD - Pediatric Dentistry Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng GR - IPP; 237-165-2025/This project was funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research (DSR) at King Abdulaziz University/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260316 PL - Switzerland TA - Dent J (Basel) JT - Dentistry journal JID - 101716125 PMC - PMC13025896 OTO - NOTNLM OT - cooperative behavior OT - dental anxiety OT - machine learning OT - pediatric dentistry OT - predictive modeling COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/03/27 17:38 MHDA- 2026/03/27 17:39 PMCR- 2026/03/16 CRDT- 2026/03/27 11:17 PHST- 2026/01/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/27 17:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/27 17:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/27 11:17 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - dj14030170 [pii] AID - dentistry-14-00170 [pii] AID - 10.3390/dj14030170 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Dent J (Basel). 2026 Mar 16;14(3):170. doi: 10.3390/dj14030170. PMID- 41892645 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260327 LR - 20260813 IS - 2076-3425 (Print) IS - 2076-3425 (Electronic) IS - 2076-3425 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Mar 10 TI - Sleep Duration and Physical Activity as Predictors of Executive Function in Adolescents: A Longitudinal Study. LID - 10.3390/brainsci16030302 [doi] LID - 302 AB - Background/Objectives: Adolescence is a critical period for executive function (EF) maturation. While sleep and physical activity (PA) are key lifestyle factors, their longitudinal impact on EF in ecologically valid settings is insufficiently characterised. This study examined the associations between objectively measured sleep duration, daily steps, and EF performance across one academic year (~9 months). Methods: A longitudinal study was conducted with 168 Spanish adolescents (13-16 years). Sleep duration and daily steps were monitored using Fitbit Charge 6 wearables for 7-day periods at baseline (M1; September 2024) and follow-up (M2; June 2025). EFs were assessed using three validated tasks: Stroop (inhibitory control), Psychomotor Vigilance Task-Brief (PVT-B; sustained attention), and Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT; working memory). Linear Mixed Models (LMM) were employed to analyse the effects of the fixed factors (i.e., Group and Time), and their interactions. Results: PA, but not sleep duration, significantly predicted executive performance. The High_PA group demonstrated faster reaction times in inhibitory control (p = 0.007) and significantly fewer attentional lapses in sustained attention (p = 0.014). In contrast, sleep duration showed no significant main effects on EF domains (p > 0.05). Regression analyses confirmed that higher daily steps predicted faster reaction times in inhibitory control in the total sample (r = -0.173, p = 0.002), although an unexpected positive association was observed in the Low_PA group for inhibitory control, warranting cautious interpretation. Conclusions: These findings suggest that habitual PA is associated with better EF performance in adolescents, whereas sleep duration alone (without considering timing or variability) showed no significant associations with cognitive outcomes. Sensitivity analyses using clinically informed thresholds and continuous standardised predictors confirmed the robustness of these findings. FAU - Ayuso-Moreno, Rosa AU - Ayuso-Moreno R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2761-7249 AD - Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain. FAU - Rubio-Morales, Ana AU - Rubio-Morales A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1062-1989 AD - Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain. FAU - Llanos-Munoz, Ruben AU - Llanos-Munoz R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4961-9376 AD - Faculty of Teacher Training, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain. FAU - Garcia-Calvo, Tomas AU - Garcia-Calvo T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2550-418X AD - Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain. FAU - Gonzalez-Ponce, Inmaculada AU - Gonzalez-Ponce I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7816-7789 AD - Faculty of Teacher Training, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain. LA - eng GR - PID2022-140903NB-I00/Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades/ GR - FPI-UEx/2023/5/Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260310 PL - Switzerland TA - Brain Sci JT - Brain sciences JID - 101598646 PMC - PMC13023810 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Fitbit OT - executive functions OT - inhibitory control OT - longitudinal study OT - physical activity OT - secondary school OT - sleep duration OT - teenagers COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2026/03/27 17:38 MHDA- 2026/03/27 17:39 PMCR- 2026/03/10 CRDT- 2026/03/27 11:16 PHST- 2026/02/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/27 17:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/27 17:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/27 11:16 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - brainsci16030302 [pii] AID - brainsci-16-00302 [pii] AID - 10.3390/brainsci16030302 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Brain Sci. 2026 Mar 10;16(3):302. doi: 10.3390/brainsci16030302. PMID- 41891320 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260818 LR - 20260828 IS - 1601-6343 (Electronic) IS - 1601-6335 (Print) IS - 1601-6335 (Linking) VI - 29 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Facial Growth Patterns and Midpalatal Suture Maturation in Adults: A Retrospective CBCT-Based Observational Study. PG - 708-716 LID - 10.1111/ocr.70118 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether facial growth pattern is associated with the maturation stage of the midpalatal suture (MPS) in adults using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study reviewed 300 full-skull CBCT scans acquired between January 2018 and May 2023, of which 120 met the eligibility criteria. Individuals aged 18 years or older were classified according to facial growth pattern (brachyfacial, mesofacial or dolichofacial) using Ricketts' VERT index. Age was categorised into < 30 and >/= 30 years based on clinical evidence suggesting increased frequency of sutural fusion after the third decade of life. Exclusion criteria included craniofacial anomalies, syndromic conditions, systemic or hormonal disorders affecting skeletal growth, impacted teeth, previous maxillary surgery, trauma and inadequate image quality. MPS maturation was assessed using Angelieri's five-stage classification (A-E). Two calibrated examiners independently evaluated all cephalometric and tomographic records. Ordinal multinomial logistic regression was applied to analyse associations between facial growth pattern, age, sex and MPS maturation stage. RESULTS: Facial growth pattern was significantly associated with MPS maturation stage (chi(2) = 20.65, p < 0.001), with dolichofacial individuals more frequently presenting earlier maturation stages (B or C). Age (p = 0.297) and sex (p = 0.870) were not significantly associated with MPS maturation in this adult sample. Reliability analysis demonstrated excellent intra- and inter-examiner agreement (ICC = 0.95; kappa = 0.98). CONCLUSION: Facial growth pattern was associated with MPS maturation stage in adults and may function as an adjunctive diagnostic parameter. Dolichofacial individuals more frequently exhibited earlier stages of sutural maturation, whereas age and sex showed no significant association. Although facial pattern analysis should not replace CBCT evaluation, it may contribute to a more individualised, anatomy-based diagnostic assessment. These findings should be interpreted cautiously due to the cross-sectional design and specific population studied. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - do Nascimento Silva, Elizabety AU - do Nascimento Silva E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2569-3010 AD - Dentistry Department, Federal University of Paraiba, Paraiba, Brazil. FAU - de Abreu, Nathalie Murielly Rolim AU - de Abreu NMR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0556-9901 AD - Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Paraiba, Paraiba, Brazil. FAU - de Sousa, Frederico Barbosa AU - de Sousa FB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9158-8342 AD - Morphology Department, Federal University of Paraiba, Paraiba, Brazil. FAU - Panzarella, Francine Kuhl AU - Panzarella FK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5650-7711 AD - Oral Radiology Division, Faculdade Sao Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, SP, Brazil. FAU - Dos Santos Oliveira, Rudyard AU - Dos Santos Oliveira R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9690-8563 AD - Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Paraiba, Paraiba, Brazil. LA - eng GR - 88887.808604/202300/Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior/ PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260327 PL - England TA - Orthod Craniofac Res JT - Orthodontics & craniofacial research JID - 101144387 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Cone-Beam Computed Tomography MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Maxillofacial Development/physiology MH - *Cranial Sutures/growth & development/diagnostic imaging MH - Cephalometry MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - *Palate, Hard/growth & development/diagnostic imaging PMC - PMC13485212 OTO - NOTNLM OT - bone maturation OT - cone-beam computed tomography OT - facial growth OT - midpalatal suture OT - miniscrew-assisted maxillary expansion COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/03/27 17:38 MHDA- 2026/08/18 17:37 PMCR- 2026/08/18 CRDT- 2026/03/27 06:33 PHST- 2026/03/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/12/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/18 17:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/27 17:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/27 06:33 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - OCR70118 [pii] AID - 10.1111/ocr.70118 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Orthod Craniofac Res. 2026 Aug;29(4):708-716. doi: 10.1111/ocr.70118. Epub 2026 Mar 27. PMID- 41890874 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260327 LR - 20260813 IS - 2297-055X (Print) IS - 2297-055X (Electronic) IS - 2297-055X (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2026 TI - Identification of the Hub genes and inhibitors associated with hypertension in children with obesity using WGCNA. PG - 1632570 LID - 10.3389/fcvm.2026.1632570 [doi] LID - 1632570 AB - INTRODUCTION: Childhood obesity is an escalating public health issue linked to comorbidities such as hypertension, which poses significant cardiovascular risks. This research aims to elucidate the molecular pathways connecting obesity to hypertension in pediatric populations, with a focus on the gene S100A9 (S100 Calcium Binding Protein A9), implicated in inflammatory responses and vascular dysfunction. METHODS: We analyzed gene expression data from GSE87493 dataset and performed Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and co-expression modules associated with childhood obesity. Functional assays were conducted to investigate the role of S100A9 in vascular endothelial dysfunction. Besides, small molecule inhibitors targeting S100A9 were screened for therapeutic potential. RESULTS: Five DEGs, including S100A9, showed distinct expression patterns in children with obesity. Mechanistically, S100A9 increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and reducing Nitric oxide (NO), thereby impairing endothelial function. Small molecule inhibitor ABR-215757 (Paquinimod) was identified as a promising candidate, enhancing tube formation in the human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and reducing inflammatory markers. CONCLUSION: Targeting S100A9 may restore endothelial function and offer novel therapeutic strategies for obesity-related hypertension in children. More future research should validate these findings through in vivo models and clinical trials to evaluate the efficacy and safety of S100A9 inhibitors in pediatric populations. CI - (c) 2026 Sun, Bai, Liu, Fang, Ma, Yu and Wu. FAU - Sun, Si-Mei AU - Sun SM AD - Department of Pharmacy, Zhoushan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Bai, Min AU - Bai M AD - Department of Pediatrics, Zhoushan Women and Children Hospital, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Liu, Ying AU - Liu Y AD - Department of Pharmacy, Zhoushan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Fang, Qiong-Yan AU - Fang QY AD - Department of Pharmacy, Zhoushan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Ma, Hai-Jie AU - Ma HJ AD - Laboratory of Cytobiology and Molecular Biology, Zhoushan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Yu, Ze AU - Yu Z AD - Laboratory of Cytobiology and Molecular Biology, Zhoushan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Wu, Fei-Yue AU - Wu FY AD - Department of Pharmacy, Zhoushan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260311 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Cardiovasc Med JT - Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine JID - 101653388 PMC - PMC13013500 OTO - NOTNLM OT - HUVEC OT - WGCNA OT - children with obesity OT - hypertension OT - s100A9 COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/03/27 07:15 MHDA- 2026/03/27 07:16 PMCR- 2026/03/11 CRDT- 2026/03/27 05:16 PHST- 2025/05/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/27 07:16 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/27 07:15 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/27 05:16 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fcvm.2026.1632570 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Cardiovasc Med. 2026 Mar 11;13:1632570. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2026.1632570. eCollection 2026. PMID- 41890194 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260813 IS - 1664-2392 (Print) IS - 1664-2392 (Electronic) IS - 1664-2392 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Serum osteocalcin as a novel biomarker for differentiating growth hormone deficiency from idiopathic short stature. PG - 1745971 LID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1745971 [doi] LID - 1745971 AB - BACKGROUND: The differentiation between Growth Hormone Deficiency (GHD) and Idiopathic Short Stature (ISS) primarily relies on the growth hormone stimulation test (GHST),which is invasive and can cause adverse effects. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic value of bone turnover markers in distinguishing GHD from ISS. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted, enrolling 76 children aged 3-11 years with short stature (37 in the GHD group and 39 in the ISS group). Clinical data including height, weight, bone age, Insulin-like Growth Factor 1(IGF-1), and Peak Growth Hormone (GHP) levels were collected. Eight bone turnover markers were measured: Osteocalcin (OC), beta-C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (beta-CTX), 25-Hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), Vitamin D (VitD), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), Parathyroid Hormone (PTH), serum Calcium (Ca), and serum Phosphorus (P). Nonparametric tests were used for intergroup comparisons. Logistic regression and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were performed to assess diagnostic efficacy, and Spearman correlation analysis was employed for correlation evaluation. RESULTS: The OC level in the GHD group was significantly lower than that in the ISS group (P < 0.001), while serum P was higher in the GHD group (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis identified OC as an independent discriminative factor (OR = 182.585, P < 0.001). ROC curve analysis revealed that OC had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.949, At a cutoff of 1.026 ng/mL, sensitivity was 86.49% and specificity was 100%. Correlation analysis indicated a positive association between OC levels and GHP (r = 0.6, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Serum OC shows high diagnostic value for distinguishing GHD from ISS, demonstrating significant clinical utility. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Wang, Zhou, Wang, Ma, Chen, Yang, Zheng and Wang. FAU - Wang, Yuling AU - Wang Y AD - Kunming First People's Hospital, Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China. FAU - Zhou, Huanzhen AU - Zhou H AD - Kunming First People's Hospital, Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China. FAU - Wang, Hongye AU - Wang H AD - Clinical Medical College of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China. FAU - Ma, Jianying AU - Ma J AD - Kunming First People's Hospital, Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China. FAU - Chen, Xingyu AU - Chen X AD - Kunming First People's Hospital, Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China. FAU - Yang, Hongmei AU - Yang H AD - Kunming First People's Hospital, Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China. FAU - Zheng, Hongcun AU - Zheng H AD - Kunming First People's Hospital, Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China. FAU - Wang, Aiping AU - Wang A AD - Kunming First People's Hospital, Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260311 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) JT - Frontiers in endocrinology JID - 101555782 RN - 104982-03-8 (Osteocalcin) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 12629-01-5 (Human Growth Hormone) RN - 0 (BGLAP protein, human) RN - 67763-96-6 (Insulin-Like Growth Factor I) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Osteocalcin/blood MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Biomarkers/blood MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Child, Preschool MH - Child MH - *Human Growth Hormone/deficiency MH - Diagnosis, Differential MH - *Growth Disorders/blood/diagnosis MH - ROC Curve MH - Insulin-Like Growth Factor I MH - *Dwarfism, Pituitary/blood/diagnosis PMC - PMC13013015 OTO - NOTNLM OT - bone turnover markers OT - diagnostic markers OT - growth hormone deficiency OT - idiopathic short stature OT - osteocalcin COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/03/27 07:15 MHDA- 2026/03/27 07:16 PMCR- 2026/03/11 CRDT- 2026/03/27 05:10 PHST- 2025/11/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/01/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/27 07:16 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/27 07:15 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/27 05:10 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1745971 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2026 Mar 11;17:1745971. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2026.1745971. eCollection 2026. PMID- 41888969 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260627 LR - 20260813 IS - 0778-7367 (Print) IS - 2049-3258 (Electronic) IS - 0778-7367 (Linking) VI - 84 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Mar 26 TI - Study protocol for Valor Barroso: a mixed-method approach to dietary-physical activity patterns in Barroso, Portugal. LID - 10.1186/s13690-026-01900-8 [doi] LID - 101 AB - AIM: This community-based mixed-methods study aims to evaluate the dietary habits and physical activity patterns of the Barroso population in northern Portugal. METHODS: This study was divided into two phases. The quantitative phase will be a cross-sectional study involving 416 participants from different age groups, including children, adolescents, adults, and elderly individuals. Sociodemographic and clinical, including anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, and quality of life, will be collected. Physical activity will be assessed wGT3X+ Actigraph accelerometers and validated questionnaires, whereas dietary habits will be evaluated via food frequency questionnaires, 24-hour dietary recalls, and food diaries. In the qualitative phase, participants will be selected through stratified sampling and ethnographic analysis will be conducted through observations and semi-structured interviews to explore the cultural, social, and environmental factors influencing dietary habits and physical activity in the local population. DISCUSSION: By integrating objective measures of physical activity and diet, such as accelerometers and validated questionnaires, with qualitative data on cultural and traditional practices, this study aims to provide a more comprehensive understanding of lifestyle behaviors in the region and their associations with health. Additionally, the study investigated how geographical, socioeconomic, and cultural contexts influence these dietary and physical activity behaviors. The conclusions drawn will help develop public health interventions to improve health outcomes in rural communities and will contribute to the development of more effective strategies for similar populations. FAU - Cortez-Ribeiro, Anna Carolina AU - Cortez-Ribeiro AC AD - CIMO, LA SusTEC, Instituto Politecnico de Braganca, Campus de Santa Apolonia, Braganca, 5300- 253, Portugal. AD - Centro de Investigacao em Actividade Fisica Saude e Lazer (CIAFEL), Faculdade de Desporto, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Placido da Costa, 91, Porto, 4200-450, Portugal. FAU - Ribeiro, Jose Carlos AU - Ribeiro JC AD - Centro de Investigacao em Actividade Fisica Saude e Lazer (CIAFEL), Faculdade de Desporto, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Placido da Costa, 91, Porto, 4200-450, Portugal. AD - Laboratorio para a Investigacao Integrativa e Translacional em Saude Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, 135, Porto, 4050-600, Portugal. FAU - Alves, Maria Jose AU - Alves MJ AD - Centro de Valorizacao e Transferencia de Tecnologia da Agua, AquaValor, Rua Dr. Julio Martins, 1, Chaves, 5400-342, Portugal. AD - LiveWell - Research Centre for Active Living & Wellbeing, Instituto Politecnico de Braganca, Campus de Santa Apolonia, Braganca, 5300- 253, Portugal. FAU - Ferro-Lebres, Vera AU - Ferro-Lebres V AD - CIMO, LA SusTEC, Instituto Politecnico de Braganca, Campus de Santa Apolonia, Braganca, 5300- 253, Portugal. vferrolebres@ipb.pt. LA - eng GR - PRT/BD/154584/2023/Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia/ GR - UIDB/00617/2020 (DOI: 10.54499/UIDB/00617/2020) and UIDP/00617/2020 (DOI: 10.54499/UIDP/00617/20);/Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia/ GR - CIMO, UIDB/00690/2020 (DOI: 10.54499/UIDB/00690/2020) and UIDP/00690/2020 (DOI: 10.54499/UIDP/00690/2020); SusTEC, LA/P/0007/2020 (DOI: 10.54499/LA/P/0007/2020)/Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260326 PL - England TA - Arch Public Health JT - Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique JID - 9208826 PMC - PMC13147682 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Dietary patterns OT - Lifestyle OT - Physical activity OT - Public health OT - Rural population COIS- Declarations. Ethical approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Instituto Politecnico de Braganca (P545795-R674918-D2059383). All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Consent for participating will be obtained from all participants after data collection. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/03/27 07:15 MHDA- 2026/03/27 07:16 PMCR- 2026/03/26 CRDT- 2026/03/27 01:14 PHST- 2025/09/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/27 07:16 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/27 07:15 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/27 01:14 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s13690-026-01900-8 [pii] AID - 1900 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s13690-026-01900-8 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Arch Public Health. 2026 Mar 26;84(1):101. doi: 10.1186/s13690-026-01900-8.