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In children and adolescents under 18 years, what measures of nutrition (dietary intake, diet quality, the home food environment), physical activity, and obesity or malnutrition (such as BMI and other anthropometric indices) have been developed or tested for validity, reliability or feasibility, and how do these measures compare with one another? Include studies from any setting, so that measures that could be used in primary care are not missed.

DoneStarted Oct 28, 2026, 21:55 UTCFinished Oct 28, 2026, 21:57 UTC

Stages

  1. Finding the known studies(done)
  2. Drafting(done)
  3. Checking MeSH(done)
  4. Counting in PubMed(done)
  5. Checking known studies(done)
  6. Comparing with the reference(done)
  7. Run Search(done)
  8. Saving(done)
Run log (20)
  1. Finding the known studies: No known studies were given
  2. Drafting: Drafting concepts and terms
  3. Checking MeSH: Checking every MeSH heading, Supplementary Concept and publication type against NLM
  4. Counting in PubMed: Running 13 lines on PubMed
  5. Line 1: 4,358,818 records
  6. Line 3: 5,160,599 records
  7. Line 2: 2,888,412 records
  8. Line 5: 2,541,244 records
  9. Line 6: 3,265,976 records
  10. Line 7: 1,245,561 records
  11. Line 9: 2,878,834 records
  12. Line 11: 4,884,955 records
  13. Line 10: 56,057 records
  14. Line 4: 1,731,797 records
  15. Line 12: 55,084 records
  16. Line 8: 2,169,661 records
  17. Line 13: 19,074 records
  18. Run Search: Fetching the first 20 records
  19. Saving: Saving the run
  20. Finished.

Final count (line 13)

19,074

Open in PubMed (opens in a new tab)
Query as run (3,158 characters)(((("Child"[Mesh] OR "Infant"[Mesh] OR "Adolescent"[Mesh] OR "Pediatrics"[Mesh]) OR (child*[tiab] OR pediatric[tiab] OR paediatric[tiab] OR adolescen*[tiab] OR youth*[tiab] OR teen*[tiab] OR infant*[tiab] OR toddler*[tiab] OR preschool*[tiab] OR schoolchildren[tiab] OR "school aged"[tiab] OR "school age"[tiab] OR kindergarten*[tiab] OR boys[tiab] OR girls[tiab])) AND (("Diet"[Mesh] OR "Diet Surveys"[Mesh] OR "Diet Records"[Mesh] OR "Nutrition Assessment"[Mesh] OR "Nutritional Status"[Mesh] OR "Energy Intake"[Mesh] OR "Eating"[Mesh] OR "Feeding Behavior"[Mesh] OR "Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena"[Mesh] OR "Exercise"[Mesh] OR "Physical Fitness"[Mesh] OR "Sedentary Behavior"[Mesh] OR "Screen Time"[Mesh] OR "Accelerometry"[Mesh] OR "Actigraphy"[Mesh] OR "Fitness Trackers"[Mesh] OR "Pediatric Obesity"[Mesh] OR "Overweight"[Mesh] OR "Body Mass Index"[Mesh] OR "Anthropometry"[Mesh] OR "Waist Circumference"[Mesh] OR "Skinfold Thickness"[Mesh] OR "Body Composition"[Mesh] OR "Growth Charts"[Mesh] OR "Malnutrition"[Mesh] OR "Child Nutrition Disorders"[Mesh] OR "Thinness"[Mesh] OR "Growth Disorders"[Mesh:NoExp] OR "Failure to Thrive"[Mesh]) OR (diet*[tiab] OR nutrition*[tiab] OR "food intake"[tiab] OR "energy intake"[tiab] OR "food frequency questionnaire*"[tiab] OR "24 hour recall*"[tiab] OR "food record*"[tiab] OR "eating behavior*"[tiab] OR "eating habit*"[tiab] OR "feeding practice*"[tiab] OR "food environment*"[tiab] OR "home food"[tiab] OR "food availability"[tiab] OR "physical activit*"[tiab] OR exercis*[tiab] OR sedentar*[tiab] OR "screen time"[tiab] OR accelerometer*[tiab] OR pedometer*[tiab] OR fitness[tiab] OR obes*[tiab] OR overweight[tiab] OR underweight[tiab] OR adipos*[tiab] OR "body fat"[tiab] OR "body mass index"[tiab] OR BMI[tiab] OR "weight status"[tiab] OR anthropometr*[tiab] OR "waist circumference"[tiab] OR "waist to height ratio"[tiab] OR skinfold*[tiab] OR "body composition"[tiab] OR "bioelectrical impedance"[tiab] OR malnutrition[tiab] OR malnourish*[tiab] OR undernutrition[tiab] OR undernourish*[tiab] OR stunting[tiab] OR wasting[tiab] OR "mid upper arm circumference"[tiab] OR MUAC[tiab] OR "growth monitoring"[tiab])) AND (("Reproducibility of Results"[Mesh] OR "Psychometrics"[Mesh] OR "Validation Studies as Topic"[Mesh] OR "Sensitivity and Specificity"[Mesh] OR "Observer Variation"[Mesh] OR "Feasibility Studies"[Mesh] OR "Data Accuracy"[Mesh]) OR (validat*[tiab] OR validity[tiab] OR reliability[tiab] OR reproducibility[tiab] OR repeatability[tiab] OR "test retest"[tiab] OR "intraclass correlation"[tiab] OR "Bland Altman"[tiab] OR "limits of agreement"[tiab] OR "internal consistency"[tiab] OR Cronbach[tiab] OR psychometric*[tiab] OR "measurement properties"[tiab] OR "measurement error"[tiab] OR feasibility[tiab] OR "diagnostic accuracy"[tiab] OR "receiver operating characteristic"[tiab] OR "doubly labeled water"[tiab] OR "doubly labelled water"[tiab] OR "method comparison"[tiab]))) NOT ("Comment"[Publication Type] OR "Editorial"[Publication Type] OR "Letter"[Publication Type] OR "Case Reports"[Publication Type] OR "Preprint"[Publication Type])) AND english[la] AND 2020:2026[dp]

Known studies

No known studies were given, so recall was not checked.

Only studies the model never saw are counted. Finding known studies does not prove the search is complete.

Reference strategy

No reference strategy was given.

Search lines

Vocabulary terms are marked ✓︎ valid, ↪︎ mapped to the preferred heading, ✗︎ not found, ⚠︎ not checked.
Numbered search lines with their PubMed counts
No.SearchResults
1

Children and adolescents

"Child"[Mesh] (MeSH heading valid: D002648) OR "Infant"[Mesh] (MeSH heading valid: D007223) OR "Adolescent"[Mesh] (MeSH heading valid: D000293) OR "Pediatrics"[Mesh] (MeSH heading valid: D010372)		4,358,818
2

Children and adolescents

child*[tiab] OR pediatric[tiab] OR paediatric[tiab] OR adolescen*[tiab] OR youth*[tiab] OR teen*[tiab] OR infant*[tiab] OR toddler*[tiab] OR preschool*[tiab] OR schoolchildren[tiab] OR "school aged"[tiab] OR "school age"[tiab] OR kindergarten*[tiab] OR boys[tiab] OR girls[tiab]		2,888,412
3

Children and adolescents · block

1 OR 2		5,160,599
4

Nutrition, physical activity and weight-status domains

"Diet"[Mesh] (MeSH heading valid: D004032) OR "Diet Surveys"[Mesh] (MeSH heading valid: D004034) OR "Diet Records"[Mesh] (MeSH heading valid: D015930) OR "Nutrition Assessment"[Mesh] (MeSH heading valid: D015596) OR "Nutritional Status"[Mesh] (MeSH heading valid: D009752) OR "Energy Intake"[Mesh] (MeSH heading valid: D002149) OR "Eating"[Mesh] (MeSH heading valid: D004435) OR "Feeding Behavior"[Mesh] (MeSH heading valid: D005247) OR "Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena"[Mesh] (MeSH heading valid: D002664) OR "Exercise"[Mesh] (MeSH heading valid: D015444) OR "Physical Fitness"[Mesh] (MeSH heading valid: D010809) OR "Sedentary Behavior"[Mesh] (MeSH heading valid: D057185) OR "Screen Time"[Mesh] (MeSH heading valid: D000077705) OR "Accelerometry"[Mesh] (MeSH heading valid: D061725) OR "Actigraphy"[Mesh] (MeSH heading valid: D056044) OR "Fitness Trackers"[Mesh] (MeSH heading valid: D000072936) OR "Pediatric Obesity"[Mesh] (MeSH heading valid: D063766) OR "Overweight"[Mesh] (MeSH heading valid: D050177) OR "Body Mass Index"[Mesh] (MeSH heading valid: D015992) OR "Anthropometry"[Mesh] (MeSH heading valid: D000886) OR "Waist Circumference"[Mesh] (MeSH heading valid: D055105) OR "Skinfold Thickness"[Mesh] (MeSH heading valid: D012885) OR "Body Composition"[Mesh] (MeSH heading valid: D001823) OR "Growth Charts"[Mesh] (MeSH heading valid: D057238) OR "Malnutrition"[Mesh] (MeSH heading valid: D044342) OR "Child Nutrition Disorders"[Mesh] (MeSH heading valid: D015362) OR "Thinness"[Mesh] (MeSH heading valid: D013851) OR "Growth Disorders"[Mesh:NoExp] (MeSH heading valid: D006130) OR "Failure to Thrive"[Mesh] (MeSH heading valid: D005183)		1,731,797
5

Nutrition, physical activity and weight-status domains

diet*[tiab] OR nutrition*[tiab] OR "food intake"[tiab] OR "energy intake"[tiab] OR "food frequency questionnaire*"[tiab] OR "24 hour recall*"[tiab] OR "food record*"[tiab] OR "eating behavior*"[tiab] OR "eating habit*"[tiab] OR "feeding practice*"[tiab] OR "food environment*"[tiab] OR "home food"[tiab] OR "food availability"[tiab] OR "physical activit*"[tiab] OR exercis*[tiab] OR sedentar*[tiab] OR "screen time"[tiab] OR accelerometer*[tiab] OR pedometer*[tiab] OR fitness[tiab] OR obes*[tiab] OR overweight[tiab] OR underweight[tiab] OR adipos*[tiab] OR "body fat"[tiab] OR "body mass index"[tiab] OR BMI[tiab] OR "weight status"[tiab] OR anthropometr*[tiab] OR "waist circumference"[tiab] OR "waist to height ratio"[tiab] OR skinfold*[tiab] OR "body composition"[tiab] OR "bioelectrical impedance"[tiab] OR malnutrition[tiab] OR malnourish*[tiab] OR undernutrition[tiab] OR undernourish*[tiab] OR stunting[tiab] OR wasting[tiab] OR "mid upper arm circumference"[tiab] OR MUAC[tiab] OR "growth monitoring"[tiab]		2,541,244
6

Nutrition, physical activity and weight-status domains · block

4 OR 5		3,265,976
7

Measurement properties (validity, reliability, feasibility)

"Reproducibility of Results"[Mesh] (MeSH heading valid: D015203) OR "Psychometrics"[Mesh] (MeSH heading valid: D011594) OR "Validation Studies as Topic"[Mesh] (MeSH heading valid: D054928) OR "Sensitivity and Specificity"[Mesh] (MeSH heading valid: D012680) OR "Observer Variation"[Mesh] (MeSH heading valid: D015588) OR "Feasibility Studies"[Mesh] (MeSH heading valid: D005240) OR "Data Accuracy"[Mesh] (MeSH heading valid: D000068598)		1,245,561
8

Measurement properties (validity, reliability, feasibility)

validat*[tiab] OR validity[tiab] OR reliability[tiab] OR reproducibility[tiab] OR repeatability[tiab] OR "test retest"[tiab] OR "intraclass correlation"[tiab] OR "Bland Altman"[tiab] OR "limits of agreement"[tiab] OR "internal consistency"[tiab] OR Cronbach[tiab] OR psychometric*[tiab] OR "measurement properties"[tiab] OR "measurement error"[tiab] OR feasibility[tiab] OR "diagnostic accuracy"[tiab] OR "receiver operating characteristic"[tiab] OR "doubly labeled water"[tiab] OR "doubly labelled water"[tiab] OR "method comparison"[tiab]		2,169,661
9

Measurement properties (validity, reliability, feasibility) · block

7 OR 8		2,878,834
10

combined

3 AND 6 AND 9		56,057
11

excluded

"Comment"[Publication Type] (publication type valid: D016420) OR "Editorial"[Publication Type] (publication type valid: D016421) OR "Letter"[Publication Type] (publication type valid: D016422) OR "Case Reports"[Publication Type] (publication type valid: D002363) OR "Preprint"[Publication Type] (publication type valid: D000076942)		4,884,955
12

exclusions removed

10 NOT 11		55,084
13Final

limits

12 AND english[la] AND 2020:2026[dp]		19,074

Issues

0 errors, 2 warnings, 0 notes
  • Warning: Language limit (english): it can remove relevant studies; report and justify it.
  • Warning: Publication types excluded with NOT (Comment, Editorial, Letter, Case Reports, Preprint): report and justify the exclusion.

First records

The first 20 of the final line's records, as PubMed sorts them.
  1. Predictors and Risk Factors of Necrotizing Enterocolitis: An Integrative Review. (PubMed, opens in a new tab)

    Fordham K, Monk A, Bjarnadottir RI et al. · Advances in neonatal care : official journal of the National Association of Neonatal Nurses · 2026 · PMID 42950072

  2. Building a Sustainable Teen Wellness Curriculum in a Faith-Based Community Setting : A Six-Year Program Evaluation in Wilmington, Delaware. (PubMed, opens in a new tab)

    Nathaniel SD, Innasimuthu M, Gnanaguruparan S · Delaware journal of public health · 2026 · PMID 42948496

  3. Associations of reticulocyte hemoglobin equivalent with erythrocyte indices and serum ferritin in anemic patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: A retrospective study. (PubMed, opens in a new tab)

    Liu Z, Liu D · Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2026 · PMID 42948365

  4. Comparison of cardiopulmonary function in patients with scoliosis at rest and during exercise: a case-control study. (PubMed, opens in a new tab)

    Zhou B, Song Z, Bi N et al. · Frontiers in surgery · 2026 · PMID 42947835

  5. Using narrative medicine to enhance self-compassion and reflective capacity in pediatric residents. (PubMed, opens in a new tab)

    Bondy M, Akinboyo F, Bilgic E et al. · Paediatrics & child health · 2026 · PMID 42947761

  6. Associations of nutritional status and oral health-related quality of life with early childhood caries of children aged 4-5 years: a hospital-based cross-sectional analytical study. (PubMed, opens in a new tab)

    Nadeeshani H, Narada M, Gunawardena S et al. · Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2026 · PMID 42947271

  7. Cross-group and longitudinal measurement invariance of the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire-24G in middle childhood. (PubMed, opens in a new tab)

    Ruden JC, Warschburger P · Journal of eating disorders · 2026 · PMID 42947253

  8. Effects of school-based nutrition education on self-efficacy, attitudes, food behaviors, and health in children. (PubMed, opens in a new tab)

    Terzi M, Ergan K, Demirkesen-Bicak H · BMC pediatrics · 2026 · PMID 42947061

  9. Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in Children. (PubMed, opens in a new tab)

    Yodoshi T, Xanthakos S · Clinics in liver disease · 2026 · PMID 42946529

  10. Validation of the Healthy Complementary Feeding Practices Index: A Novel Approach for Assessing Infant Feeding in Mexico. (PubMed, opens in a new tab)

    Tercero-Gómez F, Ramírez-Silva I, Rivera JA et al. · Archives of medical research · 2026 · PMID 42945754

  11. The downside of the pull-up: A 10-year national analysis of emergency department visits, 2015-2024. (PubMed, opens in a new tab)

    Shabbir R, Layton B, Kang Z et al. · Injury · 2026 · PMID 42945744

  12. Inter-American consensus on hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. (PubMed, opens in a new tab)

    Parodi JB, Scatularo CE, Berríos-Bárcenas EA et al. · Archivos de cardiologia de Mexico · 2026 · PMID 42945536

  13. Bridging the gap: Implementing BRIDGES (Brussels Resilience and Inclusion for Depression - Guidance, Exercise and Support) to shape adolescent outpatient mental health care. A pilot randomized controlled study protocol. (PubMed, opens in a new tab)

    Philippot A, Ibanez I, Coppens M et al. · PloS one · 2026 · PMID 42945193

  14. Refining a Multicomponent Family-Based Health Education Package to Reduce Screen Time Among School-Aged Children: Qualitative Formative Evaluation With Parents and Caregivers. (PubMed, opens in a new tab)

    Zhou M, Yan Y, Sun S et al. · JMIR formative research · 2026 · PMID 42945149

  15. Paediatric Fentanyl Population Pharmacokinetics: A Scoping Review of Published Models. (PubMed, opens in a new tab)

    Hughes JJ, Nam GK, Stokes MA et al. · Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2026 · PMID 42944973

  16. The Preterm Brain Is Also What It Eats: A Systematic Review of Nutrition and Neuroimaging Outcomes in Preterm Infants. (PubMed, opens in a new tab)

    Canepa ME, Prefumo F, Biagioli V et al. · Nutrients · 2026 · PMID 42942963

  17. School-Based Rescued Produce Distribution, and Changes in Parental Fruit Intake and Household Dietary Behaviors: A Non-Randomized Controlled Cluster Trial. (PubMed, opens in a new tab)

    Hod-Ovadia S, Kilzi M, Factor H et al. · Nutrients · 2026 · PMID 42942926

  18. Social Dynamics Are Associated with Plant-Based Dietary Consumption Patterns Among Rural Adults in the U.S. (PubMed, opens in a new tab)

    Alvirdizadeh S, Abdul-Rahaman S, Seguin-Fowler RA et al. · Nutrients · 2026 · PMID 42942917

  19. New Vitamin and Mineral Supplements: Acceptability, Tolerability, and Short-Term Adherence in a Paediatric Cohort with IMDs. (PubMed, opens in a new tab)

    Tosi M, Evans S, Yilmaz Nas O et al. · Nutrients · 2026 · PMID 42942880

  20. Beyond Creatinine: D-Amino Acids as Emerging Indicators of Kidney Function and Disease. (PubMed, opens in a new tab)

    Uifălean A, Iacobescu M, Mureșan XM et al. · Pharmaceutics · 2026 · PMID 42942739

Export

Strategy (.txt)PMIDs (.txt)MEDLINE (.txt)Provenance (.json)

The strategy file has the numbered lines with counts, the search date and the AI-use statement. MEDLINE holds the first 2,000 records. PMIDs and MEDLINE are fetched from PubMed when you download, so they reflect PubMed today.

Checking PubMed for the current list of PMIDs…

Objective and notes from the draft

To identify measures of nutrition (dietary intake, diet quality, home food environment), physical activity and sedentary behaviour, and weight status (obesity, overweight, malnutrition, BMI and other anthropometric indices) in children and adolescents under 18 years that have been developed or tested for validity, reliability or feasibility in any setting, and to compare these measures with one another.

  • The three domains (nutrition, physical activity, weight status) are combined in one block because the review covers any of them; they could be split if the searcher wants domain-specific counts.
  • The measurement-properties block is required because the review is defined by validity, reliability and feasibility; validat* will also retrieve studies that merely used a validated instrument, which is deliberate for sensitivity but adds screening load.
  • No setting concept (e.g. primary care) was added, since the question asks for studies from any setting.
  • Population terms are searched in title/abstract plus age headings; a study with only adult participants may still appear if it mentions children, and is left to screening.
  • Bare words such as reliable, accuracy and agreement were left out because they flood the line with non-psychometric uses.
  • No humans-only filter is applied, per the searcher's choice; animal feeding-behaviour records should be largely removed by the child block.

Edit the strategy

Changes are not searched until you recount. Each recount is saved as a new version.

Children and adolescentsPopulation

5,160,599 records · 19 of 19 terms on

  • MeSH valid: D002648AI

    "Child"[Mesh]

    Age heading for children 2-12 years; explodes to Child, Preschool.

  • MeSH valid: D007223AI

    "Infant"[Mesh]

    Under-18 population includes infants; explodes to newborns.

  • MeSH valid: D000293AI

    "Adolescent"[Mesh]

    Age heading for 13-18 years.

  • MeSH valid: D010372AI

    "Pediatrics"[Mesh]

    Captures records indexed by the paediatric specialty rather than an age check tag.

  • TextAI

    child*[tiab]

    Covers child, children, childhood.

    Fields to search for child
  • TextAI

    pediatric[tiab]

    American spelling for paediatric populations.

    Fields to search for pediatric
  • TextAI

    paediatric[tiab]

    British spelling for paediatric populations.

    Fields to search for paediatric
  • TextAI

    adolescen*[tiab]

    Covers adolescent, adolescents, adolescence.

    Fields to search for adolescen
  • TextAI

    youth*[tiab]

    Common term for young people in activity and nutrition research.

    Fields to search for youth
  • TextAI

    teen*[tiab]

    Covers teens, teenager, teenagers.

    Fields to search for teen
  • TextAI

    infant*[tiab]

    Covers infant and infants.

    Fields to search for infant
  • TextAI

    toddler*[tiab]

    Young children aged 1-3 years.

    Fields to search for toddler
  • TextAI

    preschool*[tiab]

    Covers preschool, preschooler, preschoolers.

    Fields to search for preschool
  • TextAI

    schoolchildren[tiab]

    Joined form often used in school-based measurement studies.

    Fields to search for schoolchildren
  • TextAI

    "school aged"[tiab]

    Frequent description of the study population.

    Fields to search for school aged
  • TextAI

    "school age"[tiab]

    Variant of school aged.

    Fields to search for school age
  • TextAI

    kindergarten*[tiab]

    Early-years setting for child measurement studies.

    Fields to search for kindergarten
  • TextAI

    boys[tiab]

    Sex-specific description of child samples.

    Fields to search for boys
  • TextAI

    girls[tiab]

    Sex-specific description of child samples.

    Fields to search for girls
Fields to search

Nutrition, physical activity and weight-status domainsExposure

3,265,976 records · 72 of 72 terms on · 25 suggestions off

  • MeSH valid: D004032AI

    "Diet"[Mesh]

    Dietary intake and diet quality, including healthy diet patterns.

  • MeSH valid: D004034AI

    "Diet Surveys"[Mesh]

    Indexing for dietary assessment instruments such as FFQs and recalls.

  • MeSH valid: D015930AI

    "Diet Records"[Mesh]

    Food diaries and records used as dietary measures.

  • MeSH valid: D015596AI

    "Nutrition Assessment"[Mesh]

    Covers nutritional screening and assessment tools.

  • MeSH valid: D009752AI

    "Nutritional Status"[Mesh]

    Outcome assessed by nutrition and anthropometric measures.

  • MeSH valid: D002149AI

    "Energy Intake"[Mesh]

    Target of dietary intake validation against reference methods.

  • MeSH valid: D004435AI

    "Eating"[Mesh]

    Eating behaviour and intake measured by questionnaires.

  • MeSH valid: D005247AI

    "Feeding Behavior"[Mesh]

    Child eating behaviour and parental feeding practices instruments.

  • MeSH valid: D002664AI

    "Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena"[Mesh]

    Child nutrition heading used for dietary studies in children.

  • MeSH valid: D015444AI

    "Exercise"[Mesh]

    Physical activity heading.

  • MeSH valid: D010809AI

    "Physical Fitness"[Mesh]

    Fitness as a related activity domain measured in children.

  • MeSH valid: D057185AI

    "Sedentary Behavior"[Mesh]

    Sedentary time measured alongside physical activity.

  • MeSH valid: D000077705AI

    "Screen Time"[Mesh]

    Screen-based sedentary behaviour measures.

  • MeSH valid: D061725AI

    "Accelerometry"[Mesh]

    Device-based physical activity measurement.

  • MeSH valid: D056044AI

    "Actigraphy"[Mesh]

    Wearable activity monitoring.

  • MeSH valid: D000072936AI

    "Fitness Trackers"[Mesh]

    Consumer wearables tested for activity measurement.

  • MeSH valid: D063766AI

    "Pediatric Obesity"[Mesh]

    Childhood obesity heading.

  • MeSH valid: D050177AI

    "Overweight"[Mesh]

    Explodes to Obesity and related headings.

  • MeSH valid: D015992AI

    "Body Mass Index"[Mesh]

    Core anthropometric index in the question.

  • MeSH valid: D000886AI

    "Anthropometry"[Mesh]

    Anthropometric measurement methods.

  • MeSH valid: D055105AI

    "Waist Circumference"[Mesh]

    Anthropometric index of central adiposity.

  • MeSH valid: D012885AI

    "Skinfold Thickness"[Mesh]

    Anthropometric measure of body fat.

  • MeSH valid: D001823AI

    "Body Composition"[Mesh]

    Adiposity measures such as BIA and DXA compared with BMI.

  • MeSH valid: D057238AI

    "Growth Charts"[Mesh]

    Growth references used to classify weight status.

  • MeSH valid: D044342AI

    "Malnutrition"[Mesh]

    Undernutrition, wasting and protein-energy malnutrition.

  • MeSH valid: D015362AI

    "Child Nutrition Disorders"[Mesh]

    Nutritional disorders specific to children.

  • MeSH valid: D013851AI

    "Thinness"[Mesh]

    Underweight status measured by anthropometry.

  • MeSH valid: D006130AI

    "Growth Disorders"[Mesh:NoExp]

    Stunting is indexed here; narrower headings (dwarfism etc.) left out as noise.

  • MeSH valid: D005183AI

    "Failure to Thrive"[Mesh]

    Growth faltering assessed by anthropometric measures.

  • TextAI

    diet*[tiab]

    Covers diet, dietary intake, diet quality, dietary assessment.

    Fields to search for diet
  • TextAI

    nutrition*[tiab]

    Covers nutrition and nutritional.

    Fields to search for nutrition
  • TextAI

    "food intake"[tiab]

    Common wording for intake measures.

    Fields to search for food intake
  • TextAI

    "energy intake"[tiab]

    Outcome of dietary validation studies.

    Fields to search for energy intake
  • TextAI

    "food frequency questionnaire*"[tiab]

    Most common dietary instrument tested for validity.

    Fields to search for food frequency questionnaire
  • TextAI

    "24 hour recall*"[tiab]

    Dietary recall method used as test or reference.

    Fields to search for 24 hour recall
  • TextAI

    "food record*"[tiab]

    Food record method of dietary assessment.

    Fields to search for food record
  • TextAI

    "eating behavior*"[tiab]

    Covers eating behavior/behaviour/behaviours instruments.

    Fields to search for eating behavior
  • TextAI

    "eating habit*"[tiab]

    Habitual intake described as eating habits.

    Fields to search for eating habit
  • TextAI

    "feeding practice*"[tiab]

    Parental feeding practice questionnaires in the home food environment.

    Fields to search for feeding practice
  • TextAI

    "food environment*"[tiab]

    Home and school food environment measures.

    Fields to search for food environment
  • TextAI

    "home food"[tiab]

    Home food availability and environment instruments.

    Fields to search for home food
  • TextAI

    "food availability"[tiab]

    Component of home food environment measures.

    Fields to search for food availability
  • TextAI

    "physical activit*"[tiab]

    Covers physical activity and activities.

    Fields to search for physical activit
  • TextAI

    exercis*[tiab]

    Covers exercise and exercising.

    Fields to search for exercis
  • TextAI

    sedentar*[tiab]

    Covers sedentary behaviour and sedentariness.

    Fields to search for sedentar
  • TextAI

    "screen time"[tiab]

    Sedentary behaviour measure.

    Fields to search for screen time
  • TextAI

    accelerometer*[tiab]

    Device used as activity measure or criterion.

    Fields to search for accelerometer
  • TextAI

    pedometer*[tiab]

    Step-counting activity measure.

    Fields to search for pedometer
  • TextAI

    fitness[tiab]

    Physical fitness tests in children.

    Fields to search for fitness
  • TextAI

    obes*[tiab]

    Covers obesity and obese.

    Fields to search for obes
  • TextAI

    overweight[tiab]

    Weight-status category.

    Fields to search for overweight
  • TextAI

    underweight[tiab]

    Weight-status category for undernutrition.

    Fields to search for underweight
  • TextAI

    adipos*[tiab]

    Covers adiposity and adipose measures.

    Fields to search for adipos
  • TextAI

    "body fat"[tiab]

    Body fat estimation methods.

    Fields to search for body fat
  • TextAI

    "body mass index"[tiab]

    Core anthropometric index.

    Fields to search for body mass index
  • TextAI

    BMI[tiab]

    Unambiguous abbreviation for body mass index.

    Fields to search for BMI
  • TextAI

    "weight status"[tiab]

    Common wording for classification by BMI.

    Fields to search for weight status
  • TextAI

    anthropometr*[tiab]

    Covers anthropometry and anthropometric.

    Fields to search for anthropometr
  • TextAI

    "waist circumference"[tiab]

    Anthropometric index compared with BMI.

    Fields to search for waist circumference
  • TextAI

    "waist to height ratio"[tiab]

    Anthropometric index often compared with BMI in children.

    Fields to search for waist to height ratio
  • TextAI

    skinfold*[tiab]

    Skinfold thickness measures.

    Fields to search for skinfold
  • TextAI

    "body composition"[tiab]

    Body composition methods.

    Fields to search for body composition
  • TextAI

    "bioelectrical impedance"[tiab]

    Field method for body composition.

    Fields to search for bioelectrical impedance
  • TextAI

    malnutrition[tiab]

    Covers malnutrition screening and assessment tools.

    Fields to search for malnutrition
  • TextAI

    malnourish*[tiab]

    Covers malnourished.

    Fields to search for malnourish
  • TextAI

    undernutrition[tiab]

    Undernutrition measures.

    Fields to search for undernutrition
  • TextAI

    undernourish*[tiab]

    Covers undernourished.

    Fields to search for undernourish
  • TextAI

    stunting[tiab]

    Height-for-age undernutrition.

    Fields to search for stunting
  • TextAI

    wasting[tiab]

    Weight-for-height undernutrition.

    Fields to search for wasting
  • TextAI

    "mid upper arm circumference"[tiab]

    MUAC screening for acute malnutrition.

    Fields to search for mid upper arm circumference
  • TextAI

    MUAC[tiab]

    Unambiguous abbreviation for mid-upper arm circumference.

    Fields to search for MUAC
  • TextAI

    "growth monitoring"[tiab]

    Primary-care anthropometric surveillance.

    Fields to search for growth monitoring
Suggested MeSH entry terms (25, off)
  • TextEntry term

    "Food Patterns"[tiab]

    Synonym of the MeSH heading "Diet" (D004032)

    Fields to search for Food Patterns
  • TextEntry term

    "Food Diaries"[tiab]

    Synonym of the MeSH heading "Diet Records" (D015930)

    Fields to search for Food Diaries
  • TextEntry term

    "Caloric Intake"[tiab]

    Synonym of the MeSH heading "Energy Intake" (D002149)

    Fields to search for Caloric Intake
  • TextEntry term

    "Calorie Intake"[tiab]

    Synonym of the MeSH heading "Energy Intake" (D002149)

    Fields to search for Calorie Intake
  • TextEntry term

    Ingestion[tiab]

    Narrower concept under the MeSH heading "Eating" (D004435)

    Fields to search for Ingestion
  • TextEntry term

    "Macronutrient Intake"[tiab]

    Narrower concept under the MeSH heading "Eating" (D004435)

    Fields to search for Macronutrient Intake
  • TextEntry term

    "Micronutrient Intake"[tiab]

    Narrower concept under the MeSH heading "Eating" (D004435)

    Fields to search for Micronutrient Intake
  • TextEntry term

    "Feeding-Related Behavior"[tiab]

    Synonym of the MeSH heading "Feeding Behavior" (D005247)

    Fields to search for Feeding-Related Behavior
  • TextEntry term

    "Feeding Patterns"[tiab]

    Narrower concept under the MeSH heading "Feeding Behavior" (D005247)

    Fields to search for Feeding Patterns
  • TextEntry term

    "Food Habits"[tiab]

    Narrower concept under the MeSH heading "Feeding Behavior" (D005247)

    Fields to search for Food Habits
  • TextEntry term

    "Active Breaks"[tiab]

    Narrower concept under the MeSH heading "Exercise" (D015444)

    Fields to search for Active Breaks
  • TextEntry term

    "Activity Breaks"[tiab]

    Narrower concept "Active Breaks" under the MeSH heading "Exercise" (D015444)

    Fields to search for Activity Breaks
  • TextEntry term

    "Reclining Position"[tiab]

    Synonym of the MeSH heading "Sedentary Behavior" (D057185)

    Fields to search for Reclining Position
  • TextEntry term

    "Physical Inactivity"[tiab]

    Narrower concept under the MeSH heading "Sedentary Behavior" (D057185)

    Fields to search for Physical Inactivity
  • TextEntry term

    "Screen Use"[tiab]

    Synonym of the MeSH heading "Screen Time" (D000077705)

    Fields to search for Screen Use
  • TextEntry term

    "Screen Exposure"[tiab]

    Synonym of the MeSH heading "Screen Time" (D000077705)

    Fields to search for Screen Exposure
  • TextEntry term

    "Television Watching"[tiab]

    Narrower concept under the MeSH heading "Screen Time" (D000077705)

    Fields to search for Television Watching
  • TextEntry term

    "TV Viewing"[tiab]

    Narrower concept "Television Watching" under the MeSH heading "Screen Time" (D000077705)

    Fields to search for TV Viewing
  • TextEntry term

    "Television Viewing"[tiab]

    Narrower concept "Television Watching" under the MeSH heading "Screen Time" (D000077705)

    Fields to search for Television Viewing
  • TextEntry term

    "Watching Television"[tiab]

    Narrower concept "Television Watching" under the MeSH heading "Screen Time" (D000077705)

    Fields to search for Watching Television
  • TextEntry term

    "Quetelet Index"[tiab]

    Synonym of the MeSH heading "Body Mass Index" (D015992)

    Fields to search for Quetelet Index
  • TextEntry term

    "Quetelet's Index"[tiab]

    Synonym of the MeSH heading "Body Mass Index" (D015992)

    Fields to search for Quetelet's Index
  • TextEntry term

    "Child Overnutrition"[tiab]

    Narrower concept under the MeSH heading "Child Nutrition Disorders" (D015362)

    Fields to search for Child Overnutrition
  • TextEntry term

    Leanness[tiab]

    Synonym of the MeSH heading "Thinness" (D013851)

    Fields to search for Leanness
  • TextEntry term

    "Stunted Growth"[tiab]

    Synonym of the MeSH heading "Growth Disorders" (D006130)

    Fields to search for Stunted Growth
Fields to search

Measurement properties (validity, reliability, feasibility)Outcome

2,878,834 records · 27 of 27 terms on · 9 suggestions off

  • MeSH valid: D015203AI

    "Reproducibility of Results"[Mesh]

    Main heading for reliability and validity of measures.

  • MeSH valid: D011594AI

    "Psychometrics"[Mesh]

    Psychometric evaluation of questionnaires.

  • MeSH valid: D054928AI

    "Validation Studies as Topic"[Mesh]

    Records discussing validation of instruments.

  • MeSH valid: D012680AI

    "Sensitivity and Specificity"[Mesh]

    Diagnostic accuracy of BMI and screening tools.

  • MeSH valid: D015588AI

    "Observer Variation"[Mesh]

    Inter- and intra-observer reliability of anthropometric measures.

  • MeSH valid: D005240AI

    "Feasibility Studies"[Mesh]

    Feasibility of measures is in scope.

  • MeSH valid: D000068598AI

    "Data Accuracy"[Mesh]

    Accuracy of measured or reported data.

  • TextAI

    validat*[tiab]

    Covers validation, validated, validating.

    Fields to search for validat
  • TextAI

    validity[tiab]

    Covers relative, criterion, construct and concurrent validity.

    Fields to search for validity
  • TextAI

    reliability[tiab]

    Core measurement property.

    Fields to search for reliability
  • TextAI

    reproducibility[tiab]

    Synonym for test-retest reliability in dietary research.

    Fields to search for reproducibility
  • TextAI

    repeatability[tiab]

    Synonym for reliability.

    Fields to search for repeatability
  • TextAI

    "test retest"[tiab]

    Test-retest reliability design.

    Fields to search for test retest
  • TextAI

    "intraclass correlation"[tiab]

    Reliability statistic.

    Fields to search for intraclass correlation
  • TextAI

    "Bland Altman"[tiab]

    Agreement analysis used in method comparison.

    Fields to search for Bland Altman
  • TextAI

    "limits of agreement"[tiab]

    Agreement statistic in method comparison.

    Fields to search for limits of agreement
  • TextAI

    "internal consistency"[tiab]

    Psychometric property of questionnaires.

    Fields to search for internal consistency
  • TextAI

    Cronbach[tiab]

    Cronbach's alpha reported in instrument studies.

    Fields to search for Cronbach
  • TextAI

    psychometric*[tiab]

    Covers psychometric and psychometrics.

    Fields to search for psychometric
  • TextAI

    "measurement properties"[tiab]

    COSMIN wording for validity and reliability.

    Fields to search for measurement properties
  • TextAI

    "measurement error"[tiab]

    Error of dietary and anthropometric measures.

    Fields to search for measurement error
  • TextAI

    feasibility[tiab]

    Feasibility of measures is in scope.

    Fields to search for feasibility
  • TextAI

    "diagnostic accuracy"[tiab]

    Accuracy of BMI and malnutrition screening against references.

    Fields to search for diagnostic accuracy
  • TextAI

    "receiver operating characteristic"[tiab]

    ROC analysis of anthropometric cut-offs.

    Fields to search for receiver operating characteristic
  • TextAI

    "doubly labeled water"[tiab]

    Reference method for energy intake and expenditure (American spelling).

    Fields to search for doubly labeled water
  • TextAI

    "doubly labelled water"[tiab]

    Reference method, British spelling.

    Fields to search for doubly labelled water
  • TextAI

    "method comparison"[tiab]

    Studies comparing measures with one another.

    Fields to search for method comparison
Suggested MeSH entry terms (9, off)
  • TextEntry term

    Sensitivity[tiab]

    Narrower concept under the MeSH heading "Sensitivity and Specificity" (D012680)

    Fields to search for Sensitivity
  • TextEntry term

    Specificity[tiab]

    Narrower concept under the MeSH heading "Sensitivity and Specificity" (D012680)

    Fields to search for Specificity
  • TextEntry term

    "Observer Bias"[tiab]

    Synonym of the MeSH heading "Observer Variation" (D015588)

    Fields to search for Observer Bias
  • TextEntry term

    "Interobserver Variation"[tiab]

    Narrower concept under the MeSH heading "Observer Variation" (D015588)

    Fields to search for Interobserver Variation
  • TextEntry term

    "Intraobserver Variation"[tiab]

    Narrower concept under the MeSH heading "Observer Variation" (D015588)

    Fields to search for Intraobserver Variation
  • TextEntry term

    "Inter-Observer Variation"[tiab]

    Narrower concept "Interobserver Variation" under the MeSH heading "Observer Variation" (D015588)

    Fields to search for Inter-Observer Variation
  • TextEntry term

    "Intra-Observer Variation"[tiab]

    Narrower concept "Intraobserver Variation" under the MeSH heading "Observer Variation" (D015588)

    Fields to search for Intra-Observer Variation
  • TextEntry term

    "Interobserver Variability"[tiab]

    Narrower concept "Interobserver Variation" under the MeSH heading "Observer Variation" (D015588)

    Fields to search for Interobserver Variability
  • TextEntry term

    "Data Quality"[tiab]

    Narrower concept under the MeSH heading "Data Accuracy" (D000068598)

    Fields to search for Data Quality
Fields to search

Limits

Publication types to exclude

Each one is checked against MeSH publication types before it is added.

  • Comment
  • Editorial
  • Letter
  • Case Reports
  • Preprint

No changes.